THE 


P7 


POLITICAL    REGISTER 


AND 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY: 


Statistical  Jkrorb  of  tlje  JTeJieral  (Dffidals, 


LEGISLATIVE,  EXECUTIVE,  AND  JUDICIAL, 


UNITED   STATES   OF   AMERICA, 


1776-1878. 


COMPILED  BY 


BEN:  PERLEY  POORE,   "' 

CLERK   OF  PRINTING   RECORDS,    UNITED-STATES    SENATE. 


BOSTON : 
HOUGHTON,   OSGOOD    AND    COMPANY. 

1878. 


E/76 


COPYRIGHT,    1878, 

BY  BEN:  PERLEY  POORE. 


Stereotyped  and  Printed 

By  Rand,  Avery,  <5r>  Company, 

7/7  Franklin  Street, 

Boston. 


DEDICATED 

TO 

HENRY   B.    ANTHONY, 

EDITOR  OF  "THE  PROVIDENCE  JOURNAL," 
AND 

UNITED-STATES   SENATOR  FROM  RHODE  ISLAND, 

WITH 

Cfje  (Kratitufce  anti  lEgteem 

OF 

THE  COMPILER. 


PREFACE. 


THE  public  favor  with  which  the  official  "  Congressional  Directory  "  has  been  received 
since  it  has  been  under  the  editorial  charge  of  the  subscriber  prompted  the  preparation  of 
this  work,  which  contains  similar  authentic  statistical  information,  with  many  other  facts 
concerning  the  Legislative,  Executive,  and  Judicial  branches  of  the  Federal  Government  of 
the  United  States,  from  its  conception  down  to  the  present  time.  It  is  hoped  that  this  mass 
of  political  statistics,  obtained  from  official  sources,  will  not  only  be  of  interest  to  politicians, 
but  generally  serviceable  to  all  other  citizens  who  may  seek  clear  and  accurate  information 
concerning  the  Legislative,  Executive,  and  Judicial  officials  since  the  formation  of  our  govern 
ment.  A  brief  outline  of  what  the  work  contains  may  facilitate  its  use. 

TJie  First  Part  is  a  series  of  registers  of  the  different  sessions  of  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  and  of  the  forty-five  successive  Congresses  since  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitu 
tion.  The  register  of  each  Congress  contains  a  complete  list  of  the  Senators,  Representatives, 
and  Delegates  who  served  in  it,  with  their  home  residences,  and  with  the  date  of  commence 
ment  and  termination  of  their  respective  terms  when  they  did  not  serve  throughout  the 
Congress.  This  information  has  never  been  given  heretofore,  as  the  lists  of  members  pub 
lished  in  the  journals  and  elsewhere  contain  only  the  names  of  those  serving  at  the  date  of 
their  publication.  It  will  enable  any  one  interested  in  the  congressional  career  of  any  mem 
ber  to  see  at  a  glance  who  were  his  associates  in  either  House  during  any  session  in  which  he 
served,  and  it  will  also  show  who  were  in  Congress  when  any  law  was  placed  on  the  statute- 
book. 

The  Second  Part  is  a  record  of  the  successive  Administrations,  with  the  prominent 
Executive  officials,  from  the  organization  of  the  Federal  Government.  It  also  contains  a 
carefully-prepared  schedule  of  the  duties  of  these  officials,  which  can  but  be  useful  to  all 
desiring  a  knowledge  of  the  practical  operation  of  the  Executive  Departments  and  of  their 
respective  Bureaus. 

The  Third  Part  is  devoted  to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  with  its  attendant 
Marshals,  Clerks,  and  Reporters,  with  the  Judges  of  the  Circuit  and  District  Courts,  and  of 
the  Court  of  Claims. 

The  Fourth  Part  contains  Statistical  Sketches  of  the  Delegates  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  and  of  the  Senators,  Representatives,  and  Delegates  who  have  been  elected  or  appointed 
to  the  Forty-five  successive  Congresses  under  the  Federal  Constitution.  While  the  Republic 
has  preserved  with  commendable  pride  the  histories  of  her  martial  defenders,  it  is  well  that 
the  memories  and  services  of  her  legislators  should 'also  be  honored  and  cherished.  Posterity 
should  have  accurate  information  concerning  those  who,  "in  Congress  assembled,"  have 
enacted  the  laws  under  which  the  United  States  have  advanced  from  feeble  infancy  into  the 
vigor  of  maturity,  and  have  successfully  combated  attacks  from  foreign  and  domestic  foes. 


vi  PREFACE. 

The  information  given  has  been  condensed  into  the  smallest  space  consistent  with  placing  it 
on  record  in  so  methodical  and  clear  a  manner  that  all  can  understand  and  use  it.  Whenever 
it  has  been  possible  to  obtain  the  desired  information  concerning  a  Congressman,  there  has 
been  given  his  name,  his  relationship  to  other  legislators,  the  place  and  time  of  his  birth,  his 
education,  his  occupation,  the  public  offices  which  he  has  held  (with  the  dates  of  holding 
them) ,  his  politics  when  elected  or  appointed  to  Congress,  the  name  and  politics  of  his  oppo 
nent,  and  the  vote  received  by  each.  Great  care  has  been  taken  to  perfect  the  political 
feature  of  these  Statistical  Sketches,  which  has  been  studiously  ignored  by  the  compilers  of 
other  biographical  dictionaries ;  but  comments  and  criticisms  have  been  dispensed  with,  as 
likely  to  encumber  and  vitiate  a  work  designed  to  present  for  reference  an  authentic  record 
of  the  public  services  and  the  politics  of  those  who  have  sat  in  our  Federal  Councils. 

Six  years'  labor  has  failed  to  produce  a  perfect  work,  and  to  obtain  much  desired  infor 
mation  concerning  some  Congressmen,  while  there  has  been  a  superfluity  of  facts  about  others 
not  easily  compressed  within  the  limited  available  space  ;  but  the  compiler  trusts  that  he  shall 
not  be  charged  with  negligence  in  collecting  material,  nor  with  carelessness  in  arranging  it. 
The  fact  that  works  regarded  as  authorities  often  differ  in  the  spelling  of  names,  the  dates  of 
birth,  and  other  facts  concerning  many  Congressmen,  while  not  a  word  of  information  can  be 
found  anywhere  concerning  others,  is  .a  proof  of  the  necessity  for  such  a  publication  as 
this.  The  names  of  Congressmen  have  been  spelled  in  the  First  Part  as  they  appear  on 
the  Journals  of  the  two  Houses,  although  the  orthography  is  not  always  the  same  in  different 
sessions.  There  are  authenticated  accounts  of  Congressmen  who  would  not  correct  the  mis 
spelling  of  their  names  in  the  printed  Public  Documents  ;  and  there  was  one  Representative 
who  heard  the  tally-clerk  give  him  an  initial  which  had  never  belonged  to  him,  on  every  roll- 
call  during  a  long  session,  without  attempting  to  contradict  the  mistake.  In  the  Statistical 
Sketches  it  is  believed  that  the  names  have  been  correctl}*  spelled. 

The  arrangement  of  the  entire  work  being  chronological  and  alphabetical,  no  index  is 
necessarj". 

The  compiler  is  under  great  obligations  to  many  gentlemen  for  the  kindness  with  which 
they  have  responded  to  requests  for  information  concerning  themselves  ;  while  others  occupy 
ing  official  positions  have  taken  a  degree  of  trouble  in  aiding  researches,  for  which  heartfelt 
thanks  make  an  inadequate  return. 

BEN:  PERLEY  POORE. 

INDIAN  HILL  FARM,  near  NEWBURYPOBT,  Sept.  1,  1878. , 


THE    CONTINENTAL    CONGRESS. 


THE  CONGEESSES  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

L  — XLV. 


THE   CONTINENTAL   CONGRESS. 


PLACE    AND    TIME    OF    SESSIONS. 


Philadelphia,  Perm..  from  Sept.  5,  1774,  to  Oct.  20,1774 
Philadelphia,  Perm,  .from  May  10,  1775,  to  Doc.  12,  177(> 
Baltimore,  Md  from  Dec.  20,  177G,  to  March  4,  1777 

Princeton,  1ST.  J  from  .  Inn  A  30   17S1?  +/-.  •WV.TT    A   ITQ<J 

Annapolis,  Md.  . 
Trenton  N  J 

.  .from  Nov.  26,'  1783,'  to  June  \  1784 
from  "N"r»v       1    17&d.  +T\  Ti*-»/-»   oj   "i^^/i 

Philadelphia,  Penn.  .from  Mar.  4,  1777,  to  Sept.  18,  1777 
Lancaster,  Penn.  .  .  .from  Sept.  27,  1777,  to  Sept.  27,  1777 
York,  Penn  from  Sept  30  1777  to  June  97  1778 

New  York  City  .  . 
New  York  City  .  . 
New  York  City  .  . 
New  York  City  .  . 

•  •J-*WJ-**  -Li  U  V  ,         i,    J  i  cr±j   LU  J-/(3C.  —  T:.  J.  t  oi 

.  .from  Jan.    11,  1785,  to  Nov.  4,  1785 
.  .from  Nov.     7,  1785,  to  Nov.  3,  1786 
.  .from  Nov.    6,  I78(i,  to  Oct.  30,  1787 
.  .from  Nov.    5,  1787,  to  Oct.  21,  1788 

Philadelpliia,  Penn.  .from  July  2,  1778',  to  June  2lj  1783 

PRESIDENTS    OF    THE    CONGRESS. 


Peyton  Randolph  of  Virginia  . . . 
Henry  Middleton  of  S.  Carolina. 
Peyton  Randolph  1  of  Virginia  . . 
John  Hancock  of  Massachusetts 
Henry  Laureus  of  S.  Carolina. . . 


John  Jay  of  New  York elected  Dec.  10, 

Samuel  Huntington  of  Conn elected  Sept.  28, 

Thomas  McKeaii  of  Delaware elected  July  10, 


.elected  Sept.  5,  1774 
.  elected  Oct.  22,  1774 
1775 
1775 

.elected  Nov.  1,  1777 
1778 
1779 
1781 


.elected  May  10, 
.elected  May  24, 


John  Hanson  of  Maryland elected  Nov. 

Elias  Boudinot  of  New  Jersey elected  Nov. 

Thomas  Mifflin  of  Pennsylvania,  .elected  Nov. 

Richard  Henry  Lee  of  Virginia elected  Nov. 

John  Hancock  2  of  Mass elected  Nov. 

Nathaniel  Gorham  of  Mass elected  June 

Arthur  St.  Clair  of  Pennsylvania. elected  Feb. 
Cyrus  Griffin  of  Virginia elected  Jan. 


5, 1781 

4,  J782 

3,  1783 

30,  1784 

23, 1785 

6,  1786 

2,1787 

22,  1788 


1  Died  Oct.  22, 1775.       2  Resigned  May  29,  1786,  never  having  served,  owing  to  continued  illness. 

CLERK    OF    THE    CONGRESS. 
Charles  Thomson  of  Pennsylvania elected  Sept.  5,  1774. 


DELEGATES    TO    THE    CONGRESS. 


Andrew  Adams 1777-'80 

Andrew  Adams 1781-'82 

Joseph  P.  Cook 1784-' 88 

Silas  Deane 1774-70 

Eliphalet  Dyer 1774-79 

Eliphalet  Dyer 1780-' 83 

Pierpont  Edwards 1787-' 88 

Oliver  Ellsworth 1777-' 84 

William  Hillhouse 1783-'80 

Titus  Hosmer 1775-'  70 

Titus  Hosmer 1777-'79 

Benjamin  Huntington 1780-' 84 


CONNECTICUT. 

Benjamin  Huntington 1787-'88 

Samuel  Huntington 1770-'84 

William  S.  Johnson 1784—'87 

Richard  Law 1778-78 

Richard  Law 1781-'84 

Stephen  M.  Mitchell 1783-'84 

Stephen  M.  Mitchell 1785-'8G 

Stephen  M.  Mitchell 1787-88 

Jesse  Root 1778-^83 

Roger  Sherman 1774-'84 

Joseph  Spencer 1778-79 

Jedediah  Strong 1782-'84 


Jonathan  Sturges 1774-'87 

John  Treadwefl 1785-'86 

Joseph  Trnmbull 1774-75 

James  Wadswortli 1783-'84 

James  Wadsworth 1785-' 8(5 

Jeremiah  Wadsworth 1787-'88 

William  Williams 177(5-78 

William  Williams 1783-'84 

Oliver  Wolcott 1775-78 

Oliver  Wolcott 1780-'84 


Gunning  Bedford 1783-'85 

Gunning  Bedford,  jun 1785-'80 

John  Dickinson 177G-77 

John  Dickinson 1779-'80 

Philemon  Dickinson 1782-'83 

John  Evans 1776-77 

Dyre  Kearney 178(i-'88 

Eleazer  McComb 1782-'84 


DELAWARE. 

Nathaniel  Mitchell 1780-'88 

Thomas  McKean 1774—7(5 

Thomas  McKean 1778-'83 

John  Patton 1785-' 8(5 

William  Peevy 1785-' 8(5 

George  Read 1774-77 

Crcsar  Rodney 1774-7<! 

Caesar  Rodney 1777-78 


Cresar  Rodney 1782-'84 

Thomas  Rodney 1781 -'83 

Thomas  Rodney 178f>-'87 

James  Sykes 1777-78 

James  Tilton 1783-' 85 

Nicholas  Van  Dyke l777-'82 

John  Vining 17«4-'8G 

Samuel  Wharton 1782-'83 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Abraham  Baldwin 1785-' 88 

Nathan  Brownson 1770-78 

Archibald  Bullock 1775-70 

Joseph  Clay 1778-'80 

William  Few 1780-'82 

William  Feiv ,1785r'8£ 

William  Gibbons  .v \  .M78VSC 

Button  Gwinnett 177*5-77"; 


Robert  Alexander 1775-77 

William  Carmichael 1778-' 80 

Charles  Carroll 1770-78 

Daniel  Carroll 1780-'84 

Jeremiah  T.  Chase 178.V84 

Samuel  Chase 1774-78 

Samuel  Chase 1784-' 85 

Benjamin  Contee 1787-' 88 

James  Forbes  1 1778-'80 

Uriah  Forrest 178(5-' 87 

Robert  Goldsborough 1774-75 

John  Hall 1775-70 

John  Hall 1783-'84 

John  Hanson 1780-'83 


GEORGIA. 

John  Habersham 1785-' 86 

Lyman  Hall 177,5-79 

John  Houston 177,5-77 

William  Houston 1784-'87 

Richard  Howley 178()-'81 

Noble  Wimberly  Jones 1775-70 

Noble  Wimberly  Jones 1781-'8.'5 

Edward  Laugworthy 1777-79 


MARYLAND. 

William  Harrison 1785-'87 

William  Ilcrnslay 1782-84 

John  Henry 1778-'81 

John  Henry 1784-'87 

William  Hindmau 1784-'87 

John  E.  Howard 1787-'88 

D.  Jenifer  of  St.  Thomas. ..  .1778-'82 

Thomas  Johnson 1774-77 

Thomas  Sim  Lee 1783-'84 

Edward  Lloyd 1783-' 84 

Luther  Martin 1784-' 85 

James  McHenry 1783-' 80 

William  Paca 1774-79 

George  Plater 1778-'81 

i  Died  March  25, 1780. 


William  Pierce  . .' 1780-'?7 

Edward  Telfair 1777-"i9 

Edward  Telfair J178()-'SJ 

George  Walton 177(5-7) 

George  Walton 1780-81 

Joseph  Wood 1777-7* 

John  J.  Zubly 1775-7  C 


Richard  Potts 1781-'82 

Nathaniel  Ramsay 1785-' 87 

Richard  Ridgely 1785-' 80 

John  Rogers. , 1775-70 

David  Ross 1780-' 87 

Benjamin  Rumsey 177(5-78 

Gustavus  Scott 1784-' 85 

Joshua  Sency 1787-'88 

William  Smith 1777-78 

Thomas  Stone 1775-79 

Thomas  Stone 1784-' 85 

Matthew  Tilghman 1774-77 

Turbett  Wright 1781-82 


John  Adams 1774-78 

Samuel  Adams 1774-' 82 

Thomas  Cushing 1774-70 

Francis  Dana 1770-78 

Francis  Dana 1784-' 84 

Nathan  Dane 1 785-' 88 

Elbridge  Gerry 1770-'81 

Elbridge  Gerry 1782-'85 

Nathaniel  Gorham 1782-'83 

Nathaniel  Gorham 1785-' 87 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

John  Hancock 1775-'80 

John  Hancock 1785-'80 

Stephen  Higginson 1782-' 83 

Samuel  Holton 1778-'80 

Samuel  Holton 1782-' 83 

Samuel  Holton 1784-'85 

Samuel  Holton 178G-'87 

Jonathan  Jackson 1782-'82 

Rufus  King 1784-'87 

James  Lovell 1770-'82 


John  Lowell 1782-'83 

Samuel  Osgood 1780-' 84 

Samuel  A.  Otis 1787-'88 

Robert  Treat  Paine 1774-78 

George  Partridge 177!)-' 82 

George  Partridge 178.V85 

Theodore  Sedgwick 1785-'88 

James  Sullivan 1782-' 82 

George  Thacher 1787-'87 

Artemas  Ward 1780-' 81 


Josiah  Bartlett 1775-7!) 

Jonathan  Blanchard 1783-'84 

Nathaniel  Folsom 1774-75 

Nathaniel  Folsom 1777-78 

Nathaniel  Folsom 177!)-' 80 

Abiel  Foster 1783-'85 

George  Frost 1777-79 

John  Taylor  Gilman. 1782-'83 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
Nicholas  Gilman 1780-'88  |  John  Sullivan 1774-75 


John  Langdon 1775-77 

John  Langdon 1786-'87 

Woodbury  Langdon 177!)-' 80 

SaTtiuel  Livermore .1780-' 83 

Samuel  Livermore 1785-' 80 

Pierce  Long 1784-' 8(5 

^Tathaniel  Peabody 1779-'80 


John  Sullivan 1780-'81 

Matthew  Thornton 177(5-78 

John  Wentworth,  jun 1778-79 

William  Whipple 1770-79 

Pliillips  White 1782-83 

Paine  Wingate 1787-88 


John  Beatty 178.V85 

Elias  Boudinot 1777-78 

Elias  Boudinot 1781-' 84 

William  Burnett 1780-'81 

Lambert  Cadwallader 1784-'S7 

Abraham  Clark 1770-' 82 

Abraham  Clark 1787-' 88 

Silas  Condict 1781-' 84 

John  Cooper 1770-70 

Stephen  Crane 1774-7(5 

Elias  Dayton 1787-88 

Samuel  Dick 1783-'84 


NEW    JERSEY. 

Jonathan  Elmer 1770-78 

Jonathan  Elmer 1781-' 84 

Jonathan  Elmer 1787-'88 

John  Fell 1778-'80 

Frederick  Frelinghuyscn. .  .1778-7!) 
Frederick  Frclinglmysen. .  .1782-'83 

Thomas  Henderson 1779-'80 

John  Hart 1774-7(5 

Francis  Hopkinson 177(5-77 

Josiah  Ilornblower 1785-'8(5 

William  C.  Houston 177!)-' 82 

William  C.  Houston 1784-'85 


James  Kinsey 1774-75 

William  Livingston 1774-70 

John  Neilson 1778-79 

James  Scheurman 178(>-'87 

Nathaniel  Scudder 1777-79 

Jonathan  D.  Sergeant 1770-77 

Richard  Smith 1774-76 

John  Stevens 1784-'84 

Archibald  Stewart 1784-'85 

Richard  Stockton 1770-77 

JolinC.  Symmes 1785-'86 

John  Witiierspoon 1770-'83 


John  Alsop 1774-70 

Egbert  Benson 1784-'85 

Egbert  Benson.! 1780-'88 

Simon  Boerum 1774-77 

George  Clinton 1775-77 

( Iharles  DeWitt ] 78:^-'.<i5 

.James  Duane 1774-'84 

William  Ducr 1777-78 

William  Floyd 1774-77 

William  Floyd 1778-'83 

Leonard  Gansevoort 1787 -'88 

Alexander  Hamilton 1782-'83 

Alexander  Hamilton 1787-'88 

John  Hiiring .' 1774-75 


NEW    YORK. 

John  Haring 1785-'88 

John  Jay 1774-77 

John  Jay 1778-7!) 

John  Lansing 1784-' 88 

John  Lawrence 1785-' 87 

Francis  Lewis 1774-7!) 

Philip  Livingston 1774-78 

Robert  R.  Livingston 1775-77 

Robert  R.  Livingston 1779-' 81 

Walter  Livingston 1784-' 85 

Isaac  Low 1774-75 

E/.ra  L'Hommedieu 177!)-'83 

Ezra  L'lloiumedieu 1787-'88 

Gouverneur  Morris 1777-'80 


Lewis  Morris 1775-77 

Alexander  McDougall 1781-' 82 

Alexander  McUougall 1784-'85 

Ephraim  Paine 1784-'85 

Xephaniah  Platt 1784-'86 

Philip  Sclmyler 1775-77 

Philip  Schuy ler 1778-' 81 

John  Moria  Scott 1780-' 83 

Melancthon  Smith 1785-' 88 

Henry  Wisner 1774-76 

Abraham  Yates,  jun 1787-'88 

Peter  W.  Yates 1785-' 87 


THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 


pirn  B.  Ashe 1787-88 

Jimothy  Bloodworth 178<>-'87 

Villiam  Blount 1782-' 83 

"William  Blount 178(5-' 87 

Thomas  Burke 1777-'81 

Robert  Burton 1787-' 88 

Richard  Caswell 1774-7(5 

SVilliam  Cumming 1784-'84 

Cornelius  Harnett 1777-' 80 

Benjamin  Hawkins 1781-'84 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

Benjamin  Hawkins 178G-'87 

Joseph  Hewes 1774-'77 

Joseph  Hewes l 1779>-'79 

Whitmill  Hill 1778-' 81 

William  Hooper 1774-77 

Samuel  Johnston 1780-' 82 

Allen  Jones 177!)-' 80 

Willie  Jones 1780-' 81 

Aimer  Nash 1782-' 84 

Abner  Nash2 1785-'86 

1  Died  Nov.  10, 1779.       2  Died  Dec.  2, 1786. 


John  Penn 1775-76 

John  Penn 1777-'80 

John  Sitgreaves 1784-'85 

William  Sharpe 177!)-'82 

Richard  D.  Spaight 1783-' 85 

John  Swan 1787-'88 

John  Williams 1778-79 

Hugh  Williamson  .'. 1782-' 85 

Hugh  Williamson 1787-' 88 

Alexander  White 1780-' 88 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Andrew  Allen 1775-70 

John  Armstrong 1778-'80 

John  Armstrong 1787-'88 

Samuel  Atlee 1778-' 82 

John  Bayard 1785-' 87 

Edward  Biddle 1774-76 

Edward  Biddle 1778-7!) 

William  Bingham 1787-' 88 

Matthew  Clarkson 1785-'8(J 

William  Clingan 1777-7!) 

George  Clymer 177(5-78 

George  Clymer 1780-' 83 

John  Dickinson 1774-76 

Thomas  Fitzsimmons 1782-' 83 

Benjamin  Franklin 1775-7(5 

Joseph  Galloway 1774-75 

Joseph  Gardner 1784-' 85 

Edward  Hand 1784-' 85 


William  Henry 

Charles  Humphreys 

Jared  Ingersoll 

William  Irvine 

David  Jackson , 

Timothy  Matlack , 

James  McClene 

Samuel  Meredith 

Thomas  Mifflin 

Thomas  Mifflin 

Charles  Morris 

Robert  Morris 

Joseph  Montgomery 

John  Morton 

Frederick  A.  Muhlenberg . 

Richard  Peters 

Charles  Pettit 

J.  Read. . . 


.1784-' 86 
.1774-76 
.1780-' 81 
.178(5-'88 
.1785-'8(i 
.1780-' 81 
.177!)-' 80 
.1787-'88 
.1774-76 
.1782-' 84 
.178;?-' 84 
.1776-78 
.1780~'84 
.1774-77 
.1778-' 80 
.1782-83 
.1785-' 87 
.1787-88 


Joseph  Reed 1777-78 

Samuel  Rhodes 1774-75 

Daniel  Roberdeau 1777-7!) 

George  Ross 1774-77 

Benjamin  Rush 177(5-77 

James  Searle 1778-' 80 

William  Shippen 1778-' 80 

James  Smith 177(3-78 

Jonathan  B.  Smith 1777-78 

Thomas  Smith 1780-' 82 

Arthur  St.  Clair 1785-' 87 

George  Taylor 177(5-77 

Thomas  Willing 1775-76 

James  Willson 1775-78 

James  Willson 1782-'83 

James  Willson 1785-'87 

Henry  Wynkoop 177!)-' 83 


Jonathan  Arnold 1782-' 84 

Peleg  Arnold 1787-'80 

John  Collins 1778-'83 

Ezekiel  Cornell 1780-' 83 

William  Ellery 1776-'81 

William  Ellcry 1783-' 85 


EHODE    ISLAND. 

Jonathan  J.  Hazard 1787-'80 

Stephen  Hopkins 1774-' 80 

David  Howell 1782-' 85 

James  Manning 1785-'  86 

Henry  Marchant 1777-'80 

Henry  Marchant 1783-' 84 


Nathan  Miller 1785-'86 

Daniel  Mowry 1780-' 82 

James  M.  Varnum 1780-' 82 

James  M.  Varnum 178(5-' 87 

Samuel  Ward 1774-76 


Thomas  Bee 1780-'82 

Richard  Beresford 1783-'85 

John  Bull 1784-'87 

Pierce  Butler 1787-'SS 

William  Henry  Drayton1  .  .1778-7!) 

Nicholas  Eveleigh 1781-'82 

Christopher  Gadsden 1774-7(5 

John  L.  Gervais 1782-'83 

Thomas  Hey  ward,  jun 1776-78 

Daniel  Huger 1786-'88 

Richard  Hutson 1T78-79 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

Ralph  Izard 1782-'83 

John  Kean 1785-'87 

Francis  Kinloch 1780-' 81 

Henry  Laurens 1777-' 80 

Thomas  Lynch 1774-76 

Thomas  Lynch,  jun 177(5-77 

John  Matthews 1778-' 82 

Arthur  Middleton 177(5-78 

Arthur  Middleton 1781-'83 

Henry  Middleton 1774-76 

Isaac  Motte 1780-'82 

i  Died  Sept.  3,  1779. 


John  Parker 1786-'88 

Charles  Pinckney 1777-78 

Charles  Pinckney 1784-'87 

David  Ramsay 1782-' 84 

David  Ramsay 1785-' 86 

Jacob  Read .1783-' 85 

Edward  Rutledge 1774-77 

John  Rutledge 1774-77 

John  Rutledge 1782-83 

Paul  Trapier 1777-78 

Thomas  T.  Tucker 1787-88 


Thomas  Adams 1778-' 80 

John  Banister 1778-7!) 

Richard  Bland 1774-75 

Theodoric  Bland 1780-' 83 

Carter  Braxton 1776-76 

John  Brown 1787-'88 

Edward  Carrington 1785-'8(5 

William  Fitzhugh 177!)-' 80 

William  Fleming 177!)-'81 

William  Grayson 1784-' 87 

Cyrus  Griffin 1778-'81 

Cyrus  Griffin 1787-'88 

Samuel  Hardy 1 1783-'85 

Benjamin  Harrison 1774-78 


VIRGINIA. 

John  Harvie 1777-70 

James  Henry 1780-'81 

Patrick  Henry 1774-7(5 

Thomas  Jefferson 1775-77 

Thomas  Jefferson 1783-'85 

Joseph  Jones 1777-78 

Joseph  Jones 1780-'83 

Arthur  Lee 1781-'84 

Francis  Lightfoot  Lee 1775-'80 

Henry  Lee 1785-' 88 

Richard  Henry  Lee 1774~'SO 

Richard  Henry  Lee 1784-'87 

James  Madison,  ;jun 1780-' 83 

James  Madison,  jun 1786-' 88 

Died  Oct.  17,  1785.       2  Died  Oct.  22, 1775. 


James  Mercer 1770-'80 

John  F.  Mercer 1782-'85 

James  Monroe 178.V86 

Thomas  Nelson 1775-77 

Thomas  Nelson 177!)-'80 

Mann  Page 1777-77 

Edmund  Pendleton 1774-75 

Edmund  Randolph 177!*-' 82 

Peyton  Randolph2 1774-75 

Merewether  Smith 1778-'82 

George  Washington 1774-75 

George  Wythe 1775-77 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE   FIEST    CONGBESS. 


First  Session,  from  March  4,  1789,  to  Sept.  29,  1789.     Second  Session,  from  Jan.  4,  1790,  to  Aug.  12, 
1790.     Third  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1790,  to  March  3,  1791. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  JOHN  LANGDON  of 
New  Hampshire.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  F.  A.  MUHLENBEKG  of  Pennsylvania.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  JOHN  BECKLEY  of 
Virginia. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
Oliver  Ellsworth.1  |  William  S.  Johnson.2 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Huntington.  Jonathan  Sturges.  Jeremiah  "Wadsworth. 

Roger  Sherman.  Jonathan  Trumbull. 

1  Term  expired  March  3,  1791 ;  re-appointed.       *  Resigned  in  1791. 

DELAWAEE. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  Bassett.  |  George  Read.1 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Vining.2 
1  Term  expired  March  3, 1791 ;  re-appointed.       *  Took  his  seat  May  6, 1789. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

"William  Few.  |  James  Gunn. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Abraham  Baldwin.1  |  James  Jackson.1  |  George  Matthews.2 

*  Took  his  seat  April  20, 1789.       2  Took  his  seat  June  17, 1789. 

• 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  Carroll.1  |  John  Henry. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Carroll.  I  George  Gale.  I  "William  Smith. 

Benjamin  Contee.  Joshua  Seney.  Michael  Jenifer  Stone.2 

1  Term  expired  March  3, 1791 ;  re-appointed.       2  Took  his  seat  June  8, 1789. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

Tristram  Dalton.1  I  Caleb  Strong. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Fisher  Ames. 
Elbridge  Gerry. 
Benjamin  Goodhue. 


Jonathan  Grout. 
George  Leonard. 
George  Partridge. 

»  Took  his  seat  April  14, 1789.        2  Took  his  seat  Juno  15, 1789. 


Theodore  Sedgwick.2 
George  Thatcher. 


THE  FLKST   CONGRESS. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
John  Langdon.i  |  Paine  Wingate. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
AbielFoster.2  |  Nicholas  Gilrnan.  |  Samuel  Livermore. 

i  Elected  President  of  the  Senate  April  6    1789  for  the  purpose  of  opening  and  counting  the  votes  for  President  and  Vice- 
President  of  the  United  States.        2  Took  his  seat  Aug.  14,  1789. 

NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

Jonathan  Elmer.  I  Philemon  Dickinson.2 

William  Patterson.1 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Elias  Boudinot.  |     Lambert  Cadwalader.       |     Thomas  Sinnickson.     |     James  Schureman. 

i  Resigned  in  1790,  having  been  elected  Governor  of  New  Jersey.       2  Elected  in  place  of  William  Patterson,  and  took  his  seat 

Doc.  C,  1790. 

NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 

Kufus  King.  |  Philip  Schuyler. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Egbert  Benson.  I  John  Hathorn.i  I  Peter  Sylvester.2 

William  Floyd.  John  Lawrence.  Jeremiah  Van  Kensselaer.8 

i  Took  his  seat  April  23, 1789.       2  Took  his  seat  April  22,  1789.       «  Took  his  seat  May  9, 1789. 

NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Benjamin  Hawkins.  |  Samuel  Johnston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Baptist  Ashe.1 
Timothy  Bloodworth.'-' 


John  Sevier.3  Hugh  "Williamson.5 

John  Steele.4 


1  Took  his  seat  March  24, 1790.        2  Took  his  seat  April  6, 1790.        3  Took  his  seat  June  16, 1790.       *  Took  his  seat  April  19, 1790. 

6  Took  his  seat  March  19,  1790. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Maclay.  |  Robert  Morris. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Clymer. 
Thomas  Fitzsimons. 
Thomas  Hartley. 


Daniel  Heister. 

Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg. 

Peter  Muhlenberg. 

1  Elected  speaker  April  1, 1789. 


Thomas  Scott. 
Henry  Wynkoop. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Theodore  Foster.1  |  Joseph  Stanton,  jun.2 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Benjamin  Bourne.8 

1  Term  expired  March  3, 1791;  re-appointed:  took  his  seat  June  25, 1790.       a  Took  his  seat  June  25, 1790.       8  Took  Ms  seat 

Dec.  17, 1790. 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
Pierce  Butler.  I  Ralph  Izard. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edanus  Burke.  I  William  Smith.i  I  Thomas  Tudor  Tucker. 

Daniel  Huger.  Thomas  Sumter.2 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  David  Ramsay.       2  Took  his  seat  May  25, 1789. 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

"William  Gray-son.1  I  Richard  Henry  Leo. 

John  Walker.2  James  Monroe.3 


Theodorick  Bland.4 
John  Brown. 
Isaac  Coles. 
William  B.  Giles.s 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  Bland  Lee. 
James  Madison,  jun. 
Andrew  Moore. 
John  Page. 


Josiah  Parker. 
Alexander  White. 


1  Died  in  1790.  2  Appointed  by  the  governor  in  place  of  William  Grayson,  deceased.  s  Elected  by  the  legislature  in 
place  of  William  Grayson,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1790;  term  expired  March  3, 1791;  re-appoiuted.  *  Died  June  1, 
1790.  s  Elected  in  place  of  Theodorick  Bland,  deceased. 


THE   SECOND   CONGKESS, 


First  Session  from  Oct.  24,  1791,  to  May  8,  1792.     Second  Session  from  Nov.  5,  1792,  to  March  2,  1793. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  RICHARD  HENRY 
LEE  of  Virginia,  elected  April  18,  1792.  JOHN  LANGDON  of  New  Hampshire,  elected  Nov.  5,  1792.  Secretary 
of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  JONATHAN  TRUMBULL  of  Connecticut.  Clerk  of  the  House. — JOHN  BECKLEY  of 
Virginia. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
Oliver  Ellsworth.  |  Roger  Sherman.1 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jamies  Hillhouse.  Jonathan  Sturges.  Jeremiah  Wadsworth. 

Amasa  Learned.  Jonathan  Trumbull.2 

1  Elected  in  place  of  William  S.  Johnson,  resigned.        2  Elected  speaker  Oct.  24, 1791. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Richard  Bassett.  |  George  Read. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Vining. 

• 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 
William  Few.  |  James  Gunn. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Abraham  Baldwin.  |         John  Milledge.1  |         Anthony  Wayne.2         |         Francis  Willis. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Anthony  Wayne ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  22, 1792.       *  Election  contested  by  James  Jackson,  and  seat  declared 

by  the  House  to  be  vacant  March  21,  1792. 


THE   SECOND    CONGRESS. 


John  Brown. 
Christopher  Greenup. 


Charles  Carroll.1 
John  Henry. 


"William  Hindrnan.8 

Philip  Key. 

John  Francis  Mercer.4 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
I 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Vans  Murray. 
William  Pinkney.6 
Joshua  Seney.6 


John  Edwards. 


Alexander  D.  Orr. 


Richard  Potts.2 


Upton  Sheridine. 
Samuel  Sterritt. 


1  Resigned  in  1792.  z  Elected  in  placo  of  Charles  Carroll,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  4,  1703.  s  Elected  in  place  of 
Joshua  Seney.  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  30,  1793.  *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Pinkncv,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb  6 
1792.  5  Resigned  in  1791.  °  Resigned  in  1792. 


George  Cabot. 


Fisher  Ames. 
Shearjashub  Bourne. 
Elbridge  Gerry. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Goodhue. 
Theodore  Sedgwick. 
George  Thatcher. 

NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 


Caleb  Strong. 


Artemas  Ward. 


John  Langdon.1 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
|  Samuel  Livermore. 

1  Elected  President  pro  tern.  Nov.  5, 1792. 


Paine  Wingate. 

|  Jeremiah  Smith. 


NEW   JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

|  John  Rutherford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Elias  Boudinot.  |     Abraham  Clark.  |     Jonathan  Dayton.       |     Aaron  Kitchell. 


Philemon  Dickinson. 


Aaron  Burr. 


Egbert  Benson. 
James  Gordon. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Lawrence. 
Cornelius  C.  Schoonmaker. 


Rufus  King. 


Peter  Sylvester. 
Thomas  Tredwell. 


Benjamin  Hawkins. 


John  Baptist  Ashe. 
William  Barry  Grove. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathaniel  Macon. 
John  Steele. 


Samuel  Johnston. 

I  Hugh  Williamson. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATOR. 
Robert  Morris. 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


"William  Findley. 
Thomas  Fitzsimons. 
Andrew  Gregg. 


Theodore  Foster. 


Benjamin  Bourne. 


Robert  Barnwell. 
Daniel  Huger. 


Nathaniel  Miles. 


Pierce  Butler. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 


Richard  Henry  Lee.1 
James  Monroe. 


John  Brown. 
William  B.  Giles. 
Samuel  Griffin. 
Richard  Bland  Lee. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Hartley. 
Daniel  Heister. 
Israel  Jacobs. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Smith. 
Thomas  Sumter. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Madison. 
Andrew  Moore. 
John  Page. 
Josiah  Parker, 


John  W.  Kittera. 

Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg. 


Joseph  Stanton,  jun. 

George  Leonard. 

Ralph  Izard. 


Moses  Robinson. 


Israel  Smith. 


John  Taylor.2 


Abraham  B.  Venable. 
Alexander  White. 


i  Elected  President  pro  tern.  April  18, 1792;  resigned  in 


Mgg*  i»  P'-  of  Richard  Henry  Lee,  resigned;  to 


THE   THIRD   CONGRESS. 


THE  THIRD  CONGRESS. 


First  Session  from  Dec.  2,  1793,  to  June  9,  1794.      Second  Session  from  Nov.  3,  1794,  to  March  3,  1795. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  RALPH  IZARD  of 
South  Carolina,  elected  May  31,  17SM;  HENRY  TAZEWELL,  elected  Feb.  20,  1795.  Secretanj  of  the  Senate.— 
SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  FREDERICK  AUGUSTUS  MUHLENBERG  of  Pennsylvania.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  JOHN 
BECKLEY  of  Virginia. 


Joshua  Coit. 
James  Hillhouse. 
Amasa  Learned. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Oliver  Ellsworth.  |  Stephen  Nix  Mitchell.  * 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Zephaniah  Swift.  Jeremiah  Wadsworth. 

Uriah  Tracy. 
Jonathan  Trumbull. 

Elected  in  place  of  Roger  Sherman,  deceased,  in  1793;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1793. 


Henry  Latimer.1 


DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 

|  John  Vining. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  Latimer.2 


John  Patton.8 


1  Took  his  seat  Feb.  28,  1795,  in  place  of  George  Read,  resigned  in  1793.       2  Took  his  seat  Feb.  14,  1794.       *  Election  success 

fully  contested  by  Henry  Latimer. 


James  Gunn. 
Abraham  Baldwin. 

John  Brown. 
Christopher  Greenup. 


John  Henry. 


Gabriel  Christie. 
George  Dent. 
Gabriel  Duvall.1 


GEOKGIA. 
SENATORS. 

| 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
| 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Uriah  Forrest. 
William  Hindman. 
John  Francis  Mercer.2 


James  Jackson. 


Thomas  P.  Carnes. 


John  Edwards. 


Alexander  D.  Orr. 


Richard  Potts. 


Samuel  Smith. 
Thomas  Sprigg. 
William  Vans  Murray. 


Elected  In  place  of  John  Francis  Mercer,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  11, 1794.       »  Resigned  April  13, 1794. 


10 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


George  Cabot. 


Fisher  Ames. 
Shearjashub  Bourne. 
David  Cobb. 
Peleg  Coftin,  jun. 
Heury  Dearborn. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Sanmel  Dexter,  jun. 
Dwight  Foster. 
Benjamin  Goodliue. 
Samuel  Holten. 
William  Lyinan. 


Caleb  Strong. 


Theodore  Sedgwick. 
George  Thatcher. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 
Artenias  Ward. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


Samuel  Livermore.1 


NEW   HAMPSHIKE. 

SENATORS. 
John  Langdon.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

|     John  S.  Sherburne.  |      Jeremiah  Smith.  | 

1  Elected  President  pro  tern.  Feb.  20, 1795,  but  declined. 


Paine  Wingate. 


John  Beatty. 
Elias  Boudinot. 


NEW    JEESEY. 
SENATORS. 


Frederick  Frelinghuysen. 


John  Rutherford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lambert  Cadwalader. 
Abraham  Clark.1 


Jonathan  Dayton. 
Aaron  Kitchel.2 


1  Died  In  1794.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Abraham  Clark,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29, 1795. 


Aaron  Burr 


Theodoras  Bailey. 
Peter  Van  Gaasbeck. 
Ezekiel  Gilbert. 
James  Gordon. 


NEW   TOEK. 

SENATORS. 
.New  York.      | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Rufus  King. 


Henry  Glenn. 

Silas  Talbot. 
Thomas  Tredvvell. 
John  E.  Van  Allen.1 
Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 


Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  Watts. 


Benjamin  Hawkins. 


Thomas  Blount. 
William  Johnston  Dawson. 
James  Gillespie. 
William  Barry  Grove. 


NOETH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Matthew  Locke. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Joseph  McDowell. 
Alexander  Mebane. 


Alexander  Martin. 


Benjamin  Williams. 
Joseph  Winston. 


Albert  Gallatin.1 
Robert  Morris. 


James  Armstrong. 
William  Findley. 
Thomas  Fitzsimons. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
Thomas  Hartley. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Ross.2 


Daniel  Heister. 

William  Irvine. 

John  Wilkes  Kittera. 

William  Montgomery. 

Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg.8 


Peter  Muhlenberg. 
Thomas  Scott. 
John  Smilie. 


1  Election  declared  void  Feb.  28, 1794.       *  Took  his  seat  April  24, 1794.       »  Elected  speaker  Dec.  2,  1793. 


William  Bradford. 


Benjamin  Bourne. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 


Theodore  Foster. 


Francis  Malbone. 


THE    THIRD    CONGRESS. 


11 


Pierce  Butler. 


Lemuel  Benton. 
Alexander  Gillon.2 
Robert  Goodloe  Harper.8 

i  Elected  President  pro  tern.  May  31,  1791. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I  Ralph  Izard.^ 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Hunter.  Richard  Wynn. 

Andrew  Pickens. 
William  Smith. 

Died  in  1794.       s  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  Gillon,  deceased;  took  his 
seat  Feb.  9,  1795. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 


Nathaniel  Miles. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTA  Tl  VES . 

I 


Moses  Robinson. 


Israel  Smith. 


James  Monroe. 
John  Taylor.  * 


Isaac  Coles. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
William  B.  Giles. 
Samuel  Griffin. 
George  Hancock. 
Carter  B.  Harrison. 
John  Heath. 

i  Resigned  in  1794. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  Bland  Lee. 
James  Madison. 
Andrew  Moore. 
Joseph  Neville. 
Anthony  New. 
John  Nicholas. 
John  Page. 


Henry  Tazewell.2 


Josiah  Parker. 
Francis  Preston.8 
Robert  Rutherford. 
Abraham  Venable. 
Francis  Walker. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  John  Taylor,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  29,  1794;   elected  President  pro  tern. 
Feb.  20,  1795.       3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Abram  Trigg. 


TERRITORY    SOUTH    OF    THE    OHIO    RIVER. 

DELEGATE. 

James  White.1 

»  Took  his  seat  Nov.  18, 1794. 


12 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  FOURTH   CONGRESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1795,  to  June  1,  179G.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1796,  to  March  3,  1797. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  SAMUEL  LIVERMOKE 
of  New  Hampshire,  elected  May  G,  179C ;  WILLIAM  BINGHAM  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  Feb.  10,  1797.  Secretary 
of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  JONATHAN  DAYTON  of  New  Jersey.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  JOHN  BECKLEY  of  Vir 
ginia. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


Oliver  Ellsworth.1 
James  Hillliouse.2 


Uriah  Tracy.8 
Jonathan  Trumbull.4 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joshua  Coit.  Chauncey  Goodrich.  Nathaniel  Smith. 

Samuel  Whittlesey  Dana.5  Roger  Griswold.  Zephaniah  Swift. 

James  Davenport.6  James  Hillhouse.7  Uriah  Tracy.s 

1  Resigned  in  1796.  s  Elected  in  place  of  Oliver  Ellsworth,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1796.  8  Elected  in  place  of 
Jonathan  Trumbull,  resigned ;  took  his  Beat  Dec.  6,  1796.  *  Resigned  in  1796.  6  Elected  in  place  of  Uriah  Tracy ;  took  his 
seat  Jan.  3,  1797.  8  Elected  in  place  of  James  Hillhouse;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1796.  1  Elected  senator.  8  Elected 
senator. 


Henry  Latimer. 


James  Gunn. 
James  Jackson.1 


DELAWAEE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  Patton. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Vining. 


Josiah  Tattnall.2 
George  Walton.3 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


John  Milledge. 


1  Resigned  in  1795.       *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Jackson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  April  12, 1796.       »  Appointed  in  place  of 

James  Jackson,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  18, 1795. 


John  Brown. 
Christopher  Greenup. 


Humphrey  Marshall. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
I 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I  Richard  Potts.3 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Richard  Potts,  resigned ;  took  hia  seat  Dec.  27, 1796.       *  Resigned  in  1796. 


Alexander  D.  Orr. 


John  Henry. 

John  Eager  Howard.1 


THE   FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


13 


Thomas  Sprigg.5 
William  Vans  Murray. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Gabriel  Christie.  Gabriel  Dnvall.s 

Jeremiah  Crabb.1  "William  Hindman. 

William  Craik.2  Samuel  Smith. 

George  Dent.  Richard  Sprigg,  jnn.* 

i  Resigned  in  1796.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Jeremiah  Crabb,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1796.  s  Resigned  March  28 
1796;  having  been  appointed  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Maryland.  <  Elected  in  place  of  Gabriel  Duvall,  resigned-  took 
his  seat  May  C,  1790.  B  rrw't  '"=  coot  K-oi.  v  1-70-7 


Took  his  seat  Feb.  7,  1797. 


George  Cabot.1 
Benjamin  Goodhue.2 


Fisher  Ames, 
Theophilus  Bradbury. 
Henry  Dearborn. 
Dwight  Foster. 
Nathaniel  Freeman,  jun. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Goodhue. 
George  Leonard. 
Samuel  Lyman. 
William  Lyman. 
John  Reed. 


Theodore  Sedgwick.8 
Caleb  Strong.* 


1  Resigned  in  1796.  2  Elected  in  place  of  George  Cabot,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec. 
Caleb  Strong,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  21, 1790.  4  Resigned  in  1790.  5  Elected  senator. 
Sedgwick ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1797.  7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested. 


Theodore  Sedgwick.5 
Thomson  J.  Skinner.  6 
George  Thatcher. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum.7 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 

6, 1796.       s  Elected  in  place  of 
0  Elected  in  place  of  Theodore 


Abiel  Foster. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
John  Langdon.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

|     Nicholas  Gilman.  |      John  T.  Sherburne. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  May  6,  1796. 


Samuel  Livermore.1 

I         Jeremiah  Smith. 


NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 


Frederick  Frelinghuysen.1 
John  Rutherford. 


Richard  Stockton.2 


Jonathan  Dayton.3 
Thomas  Henderson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Aaron  Kitchell. 
Isaac  Smith. 


Mark  Thompson. 


Resigned  in  1790. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Frederick  Frelinghuysen,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1796. 
Dec.  7,  1795. 


Elected  speaker 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 


Aaron  Burr New  York. 

Ruins  King.1 


Theodoras  Bailey. 
William  Cooper. 
Ezekiel  Gilbert. 
Henry  Glen. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Hathorn. 
Jonathan  N.  Havens. 
Edward  Livingston. 
John  E.  Van  Allen. 


John  Lawrence.2 


Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  Williams. 


1  Resigned  in  1796,  having  been  appointed  minister  to  England.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Rufus  King,  resigned;  took  his  seat 

Dec.  8,  1790. 


Thomas  Blount. 
Nathan  Bryan. 
Dempsey  Burges. 
Jesse  Franklin. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Timothy  Bloodworth.  |  Alexander  Martin. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Gillespie. 

William  B.  Grove. 

James  Holland. 

Matthew  Locke. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Absalom  Tatom,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  13, 1790.  2  Resigned  in  1790. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Bingham.1  |  James  Kosa. 

i  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Feb.  1C,  1797. 


Nathaniel  Macon. 
William  Strudwick.1 
Absalom  Tatom.2 


14 


CONGBESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


David  Bard. 
George  Ege.1 
William  Mndley. 
Albert  Gallatin. 
Andrew  Gregg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Hartley. 

Daniel  IIeister.2 

John  Wilkes  Kittera. 

Samuel  Maclay. 

Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg. 


John  Richards.3 
Samuel  Sitgreaves. 
John  Swan  wick. 
Richard  Thomas. 


i  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  Heister,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8,  17%.       a  Resigned  in  1706.        3  Successfully  contested  the 
election  of  James  Morris,  who  had  received  certificate ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  18,  1700. 


Benjamin  Bourne.1 

1  Resigned  in  1796. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
"William  Bradford.  I  Theodore  Foster. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

|    Francis  Malbone.  |  Elisha  R.  Potter.2 

Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  Bourne,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19,  1796. 


Pierce  Butler.1 
John  Hunter.2 


Lemuel  Benton. 
Samuel  Earle. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wade  Hampton. 
Robert  Goodloe  Harper. 


Jacob  Read. 


William  Smith. 
Richard  Wynn. 


1  Resigned  in  1796.         2  Elected  in  place  of  Pierce  Butler,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1797. 


William  Blount.1 


Took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1796. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

| 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  Jackson.8 

*  Took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1796. 


William  Cocke.2 


»  Took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1796. 


Daniel  Buck. 

i  Resigned  in  1796. 


Elijah  Paine. 
Moses  Robinson.1 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaac  Tichenor.2 


Israel  Smith.8 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Moses  Robinson,  resigned;  took  hia  seat  Dec.  6,  1796.       8  Election  unsuccess 
fully  contested  by  Matthew  Lyon. 


Stevens  Thomson  Mason. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  Brent. 
Samuel  J.  Cabell. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
John  Clopton.2 
Isaac  Coles. 
William  B.  Giles. 
George  Hancock. 


Carter  B.  Harrison. 
John  Heath. 
George  Jackson. 
James  Madison. 
Andrew  Moore. 
Anthony  New. 
John  Nicholas. 


Henry  Tazewell.1 


John  Page. 
Josiah  Parker. 
Francis  Preston. 
Robert  Rutherford. 
Abraham  Venable. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  7, 1795.       *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Burwell  Bassett. 


THE   FIFTH   CONGRESS. 


15 


THE    FIFTH    CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  May  15,  1797,  to  July  10,  1797.     Second  Session,  from  Nov.  13,  1797,  to  July  16,  1798. 
Third  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1798,  to  March  3,  1799. 


Vice-President.  —  THOMAS  JEFFERSON  of  Virginia.  Presidents  of  the  Ssnate  pro  tempore.  —  WILLIAM  BRAD 
FORD  of  Rhode  Island,  elected  July  G,  1797;  JACOB  READ  of  South  Carolina,  elected  Nov.  22,  1797;  THEODORE 
SEDGWICK  of  Massachusetts,  elected  June  27, 1798;  JOHN  LAWRENCE  of  New  York,  elected  Dec.  6,  1798;  JAMES 
Ross  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  March  1,  1799.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massa 
chusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  JONATHAN  DAYTON  of  New  Jersey.  Speaker  of  the  House  pro  tempore.  —  GEORGE 
DENT  of  Maryland,  elected  April  20,  1798;  and  again  elected,  May  28,  1798.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  JONATHAN 
WILLIAMS  CONDY  of  Pennsylvania. 


James  Hillhouse. 


John  Allen. 
Jonathan  Brace.1 
Joshua  Coit.2 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
I 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Samuel  W.  Dana. 
James  Davenport.8 

William  Edmond.4 


Uriah  Tracy. 


Chauncey  Goodrich. 
Roger  Griswold.6 
Nathaniel  Smith. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Joshua  Coit,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1798.  2  Died  in  1708.  »  Died  in  1797.  «  Elected  in 
place  of  flames  Davenport,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Nov.  13, 1797.  c  Unsuccessful  motion  made  to  expel  after  his  personal 
encounter  with  Matthew  Lyon  of  Vermont,  Feb.  15,  1798. 


DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 


Joshua  Clayton.1 
Henry  Latirner. 


John  Vining.2 
William  Hill  Wells.s 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  A.  Bayard. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Vining,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  19,  1798;  died  in  1798.       *  Resigned  in  1798. 
place  of  Joshua  Clayton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Feb.  4, 1799. 


Elected  in 


James  Gunn. 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


John  Brown. 


Thomas  T.  Davis. 


John  Henry.1 
John  E.  Howard. 

1  Resigned  in  1797,  having  been  elected  governor. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
I 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

I 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I  James  Lloyd.2 

Elected  in  place  of  John  Henry,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  11, 1798. 


Josiah  Tattnall. 

John  Milledge. 

Humphrey  Marshall. 

John  Fowler. 


16 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


George  Baer,  jun. 
William  Craik. 
John  Deuiiis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Dent. 
William  Hiudman. 
William  Matthews. 


Samuel  Smith. 
Richard  Sprigg,  jun. 


Benjamin  Goodhue. 


Bailey  Bartlett.2 
Theophilus  Bradbury.' 
Stephen  Bullock. 
Dwight  Foster. 
Nathaniel  Freeman,  jun. 

1  Elected  presklent  pro  tern.  June  27,  1798. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  Lyman. 
Harrison  Gray  Otis. 
Isaac  Parker. 
John  Reed. 
Samuel  Sewall. 


Theodore  Sedgwick.1 


William  Shepard. 
Thompson  J.  Skinner. 
George  Thatcher. 
Joseph  Bradley  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Theophilus  Bradbury,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  27,  1797. 
a  Resigned  in  1797. 


Abiel  Foster. 
Jonathan  Freeman. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 


Samuel  Livermore. 


John  Langdon.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

I  William  Gordon.  Peleg  Sprague.2 

Jeremiah  Smith.1 

1  Resigned  in  1797.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Jeremiah  Smith,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  15, 1797. 


Franklin  Davenport.1 
John  Rutherford.2 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Schureman. 
Thomas  Siunickson. 


Richard  Stockton. 


Jonathan  Dayton.8 
James  H.  Imlay. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  John  Rutherford,  resigned;   took  his  seat  Dec.  19,  1798. 

May  15, 1797. 


Mark  Thompson. 
2  Resigned  in  1798.       8  Elected  speaker 


John  Sloss  Hobart.1 
John  Lawrence.2 
William  North.8 


David  Brooks. 
James  Cochran. 
Lucas  Elinendorph. 
Henrv  Glen. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jonathan  N.  Havens. 
Hezekiah  L.  Hosmer. 
Edward  Livingston. 
John  E.  Van  Allen. 


Philip  Schuyler.4 
James  Watson.5 


Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  Williams. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Philip  Schuyler,  resigned ;  took  his  sent  Feb.  2,  1708;  resigned  in  April,  1798,  having  been  appointed 
judge  of  the  United  .States  District  Court  of  New  York.  2  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  6,  1798.  3  Appointed  in  place 
of  John  Sloss  Hobart,  resigned;  took  his  seat  May  21,  1798.  *  Resigned  Jan.  3,  1798.  °  Elected  in  place  of  John  Sloss 
Hobart,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  11,  1798. 


Thomas  Blount. 
Nathan  Bryan.1 
Deinsey  Burgos. 
James  Gillespie. 


Timothy  Bloodworth. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Barry  Grove. 
Matthew  Locke. 
Nathaniel  Maeon. 
Joseph  McDowell. 


Alexander  Martin. 


Richard  Dobhs  Spaight.2 
Richard  Stanford. 
Robert  Williams. 


1  Died  June  4,  1798.       3  Elected  in  place  of  Nathan  Bryan,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  10,  1798. 


THE  FIFTH   CONGRESS. 


17 


"William  Bingham. 


David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown.2 
John  Chapman. 
George  Ege.3 
William  Findley. 
Albert  Gallatin. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  1,  1797. 
»  Resigned  in  1797.        *  Elected  i 
been  appointed  commissioner  to 
Ms  seat  Dec.  3,  1798. 


William  Bradford.1 
Theodore  Foster. 


Christopher  G.  Champlin. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

Andrew  Gregg. 
John  Andre  Hanna. 
Thomas  Hartley. 
Joseph  Heister.4 
John  Wilkes  Kittera. 
Blair  M'Clenachan. 


James  Ross.1 


Samuel  Sitgreaves.6 
John  Swan  wick.  <> 
Richard  Thomas. 
Robert  Wain.1? 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Elisha  R.  Potter.s 


Ray  Greene.2 


Thomas  Tillinghast.* 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  July  6, 1797;  resigned  in  1797.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Bradford,  resigned;  took  his  seat 
Nov.  22, 1797.       8  Resigned  in  1797.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Elisha  R.  Potter,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  13, 1797. 


John  Hunter.1 
Charles  Pinckney.2 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jacob  Read.3 


Lemuel  Benton. 
Robert  Goodloe  Harper. 
Thomas  Pinckney.4 


John  Rutledge,  jun. 

William  Smith,  Charleston  District. 

William  Smith,  Pinckney  District.5 


Thomas  Sumter. 


1  Resigned  in  1798.  2  Elected  in  place  of  John  Hunter,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  16,  1797.  *  Elected  president  pro 
tern.  Nov.  22,  1797.  *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Smith,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  23, 1797.  B  Resigned  in  1797,  having 
been  appointed  minister  to  Portugal. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 


Joseph  Anderson.1 
William  Blount.2 
William  Cocke. 


Andrew  Jackson.8 
Daniel  Smith.4 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  C.  C.  Claiborne.5 

1  Elected  in  place  of  William  Blount,  expelled;  took  his  seat  Nov.  22, 1797.  2  Expelled  for  "high  misdemeanor"  July  8, 
1797.  3  Took  his  seat  Nov.  22, 1797;  resigned  in  1798.  *  Appointed  in  place  of  Andrew  Jackson,  resigned;  took  his  seat 
Dec.  3, 1798.  *  Took  his  seat  Nov.  23,  1797. 


Nathaniel  Chipman.1 
Elijah  Paine. 


Matthew  Lyon.8 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 


Isaac  Tichenor.2 


Lewis  R.  Morris. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Isaac  Tichenor,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  22, 1797.       2  Resigned  in  1797,  having  been  elected  governor. 
8  Unsuccessful  motion  made  to  expel  after  his  personal  encounter  with  Roger  Griswold  of  Connecticut,  Feb.  15,  1798. 


Stevens  T.  Mason. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 


Henry  Tazewell.1 


Richard  Brent. 
Samuel  Jordon  Cabill. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
Joseph  Eggleston.2 

1  Died  Jan.  24,  1799. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Evans.  Anthony  New. 

William  B.  Giles.8  John  Nicholas. 

Carter  B.  Harrison.  Josiah  Parker. 

David  Holmes.  Abram  Trigg. 

Walter  Jones.  John  Trigg. 

James  Machir.  Abraham  V  enable. 
Daniel  Morgan.4 

1  Elected  in  place  of  William  B.  Giles,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3,  1798.       »  Resigned  in  17£ 
*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  Rutherford. 


18 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE    SIXTH    CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1799,  to  May  14,  1800.     Second  Session,  from  Nov.  17, 1800,  to  March  3, 1801. 


Vice-President.  —  THOMAS  JEFFERSON  of  Virginia.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  SAMUEL  LIVER- 
MOKE  of  New  Hampshire,  elected  Dec.  2,  1799;  URIAH  TRACT  of  Connecticut,  elected  May  14,  1800;  JOHN  E. 
HOWARD  of  Maryland,  elected  Nov.  21, 1800;  JAMES  HILLHOUSE  of  Connecticut,  elected  Feb.  28, 1801.  Secretary 
of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  THEODORE  SEDGWICK  of  Massachusetts.  Clerks  of  the  House.  —  JONATHAN  WILLIAMS 
CONDY  of  Pennsylvania;  JOHN  HOLT  OSWALD  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  Dec.  9,  1800. 


James  Hillhouse.1 


Jonathan  Brace.8 
Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  Edmond. 
Chauncey  Goodrich. 
Elizur  Goodrich. 


Uriah  Tracy.2 


Roger  Griswold. 
John  C.  Smith.* 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Feb.  28,  1801.       *  Elected  president  pro  tern.  May  14, 1800.       *  Resigned  in  1800.       *  Elected  in 
place  of  Jonathan  Brace,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  17, 1800. 


Henry  Latimer. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  A.  Bayard. 


William  Hill  Wells. 


James  Jones.1 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 
*  Died  Jan.  13, 1801. 


James  Gunn. 


Benjamin  Taliaferro. 


John  Brown. 


Thomas  T.  Davis. 


William  Hindman.1 
John  E.  Howard.2 


George  Baer. 
Gabriel  Christie. 
William  Craik. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Dent. 
John  Dennis. 
Joseph  H.  Nicholson. 


Humphrey  Marshall. 


James  Lloyd.8 


John  Fowler. 


Samuel  Smith. 
John  Chew  Thomas. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  James  Lloyd,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  15, 1800.       *  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Nov.  21, 1800.       »  Re 
signed  in  1800. 


THE   SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


19 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 


Samuel  Dexter.1 
D wight  Foster.2 


Benjamin  Goodhue.8 
Jonathan  Mason.4 


Bailey  Bartlett. 
Phanuel  Bishop. 
Dwight  Foster.2 
Silas  Lee. 
Levi  Lincoln.5 
Samuel  Lyman.6 

1  Resigned  in  1800.       *  Elected  senat 
1800.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  G 
elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Feb.  C,  180 

REPRESENTATIVES  . 

Ebenezer  Mattoon.7 
Harrison  G.  Otis. 
Nathan  Read.8 
John  Reed. 
Theodore  Sedgwick.9 
Samuel  Sewall.io 

>r  in  place  of  Samuel  Dexter,  resigned  ;  to< 
x>dhue,  resigneii  ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19,  180 
t.        8  Resigned  in  1801.        7  Elected  in  pla 

William  Shepard. 
George  Thatcher. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 
Lemuel  Williams. 

)k  his  seat  Nov.  21,  1800.       »  Resigned  in 
).       B  Elected  in  place  of  Dwight  Foster, 
ce  of  Samuel  Lyman,  resigned;  took  his 

seat  Feb.  2.  1801.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  Sewall,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  25,  1800.       »  Elected  speaker  Dec.  2, 


John  Langdon. 


Abiel  Foster. 
Jonathan  Freeman. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Gordon.2 
James  Sheaf e. 


Samuel  Livermore.1 


Samuel  Tenney.8 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  2.  1799.       *  Resigned  in  1800.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Gordon,  resigned;  took  his 

seat  Dec.  8,  1800. 


Jonathan  Dayton. 
Aaron  Ogden.1 


John  Condit. 
Franklin  Davenport. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  H.  Imlay. 
Aaron  Kitchel. 


James  Schureman.2 


James  Lynn. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  James  Schureman,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  3, 1801.        2  Elected  in  place  of  John  Rutherford, 
resigned  in  1798;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1799;  resigned  in  1801. 


John  Armstrong.1 
John  Laurence.2 


Theodoras  Bailey. 
John  Bird. 
William  Cooper. 
Lucas  Elmendorf. 


NEW    YORK. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Henry  Glen. 
Edward  Livingston. 
Jonas  Platt. 
John  Smith. 


Gouverneur  Morris.8 
James  Watson.4 


John  Thompson. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Lawrence,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  8,  1801. 
James  Watson,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  May  3,  1800. 


2  Resigned  in  1800. 
*  Resigned  in  1800. 


Elected  in  place  of 


Timothy  Bloodworth. 


Willis  Alston. 
Joseph  Dixon. 
William  Barry  Grove. 
Archibald  Henderson. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Hill. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Richard  Dobbs  Spaight. 
Richard  Stanford. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


David  Stone. 
Robert  Williams. 


William  Bingham. 


Robert  Brown. 
Albert  Gallatin 
Andrew  Gre<*g. 
John  A.  Hanna. 
Thomas  Hartley.1 

i  Died  in  1800. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 


James  Ross. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Heister. 
John  Wilkes  Kittera. 
Michael  Leib. 
Peter  Muhlenberg. 
John  Smilie. 
»  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Hartley,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Feb.  3, 1801. 


John  Stewart.2 
Richard  Thomas. 
Robert  Wain. 
Henry  Woods. 


20 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Theodore  Foster. 


John  Brown. 


Charles  Pinckney. 


Robert  Goodloe  Harper. 
Benjamin  Huger. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Abraham  Nott. 
Thomas  Pinckney. 


Ray  Greene. 


Christopher  G.  Champlin. 


Jacob  Read. 


John  Rutledge,  jun. 
Thomas  Sumter. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
Joseph  Anderson.1  I  William  Cocke. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  Charles  Cole  Claiborne. 

»  Elected  in  place  of  Andrew  Jackson,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1799. 


Nathaniel  Chipman. 


Matthew  Lyon. 


Samuel  J.  Cabell. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Dawson. 
Joseph  Eggleston. 
Thomas  Evans. 
Sanmel  Goode. 
Edwin  Gray. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
I 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
Stephens  Thompson  Mason.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Holmes. 
George  Jackson. 
Henry  Lee. 
John  Marshall.2 
Anthony  New. 
John  Nicholas. 
Robert  Page. 


Elijah  Paine. 


Lewis  R.  Morris. 


Wilson  Gary  Nicholas.1 


Josiah  Parker. 
Levin  Powell. 
John  Randolph. 
Littleton  W.  Tazewell.8 
Abram  Trigg. 
John  Trigg. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Tazewell,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  3,  1800.       *  Resigned  in  1800. 

John  Marshall,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  26,  1800. 


»  Elected  in  place  of 


TERRITORY   NORTH-WEST    OF    THE    OHIO    RIVER. 

DELEGATES. 

William  Henry  Harrison.1  |  William  M'Millan.2 

Resigned  in  1800.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Henry  Harrison,  resigned;  took  his  seat  NOT.  24, 1800. 


THE    SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


21 


THE  SEVENTH  CONGRESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1801,  to  May  3,  1802.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1802,  to  March  3,  1803. 


Vice-President.  — AARON  BURR  of  New  York.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  ABRAHAM  BALDWIN  of 
Georgia,  elected  Dec.  7,  1801,  and  again  elected  April  17,  1802;  STEPHEN  K.  BRADLEY  of  Vermont,  elected 
Dec.  14,  1802,  and  again  elected  Feb.  25,  1803,  and  again  elected  March  2,  1803.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.— 
SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House. — NATHANIEL  MACON  of  North  Carolina.  Clerk  of  the  House. — JOHN  BECKLEY  of 
Virginia. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport. 
Koger  Griswold. 


James  Hillhouse. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Calvin  Goddard. 
Elias  Perkins. 
John  C.  Smith. 


Uriah  Tracy. 


Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


William  Hill  Wells. 


DELAWAKE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  A.  Bayard. 


Samuel  White. 


Peter  Early.2 


Abraham  Baldwin.1 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Jackson. 


|     David  Meriwether.s          |     John  Milledge.4 


|     Benjamin  Taliaferro.6 


i  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  7, 1801,  and  April  17, 1802.  '  Elected  in  place  of  John  Milledge,  resigned ;  took  his  seat 
Jan.  10, 1803.  8  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  Taliaferro,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1802.  »  Resigned  .  law.  KO- 
signed  in  1802. 


John  Breckenridge. 


Thomas  T.  Davis. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
I 


John  Brown. 


John  Fowler. 


William  Hindman. 
John  E.  Howard. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Eobert  Wright. 


22 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Archer. 
Walter  Bowie. 
John  Campbell. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Dennis. 
Daniel  Heister. 
Joseph  H.  Nicholson. 


Thomas  Plater. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Richard  Sprigg. 


John  Bacon. 
Phanuel  Bishop. 
Mauasseh  Cutler. 
Richard  Cutts. 
"William  Eustis. 


Dwight  Foster. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jonathan  Mason. 


Resigned  in  1802. 


Seth  Hastings.  Josiah  Smith. 

Silas  Lee.1  Samuel  Thatcher.2 

Ebenezer  Mattoon.  Joseph  B.  Varnum. 

Nathan  Reed.  Peleg  Wadsworth. 

"William  Shepard.  Lemuel  Williams. 

Elected  in  place  of  Silas  Lee,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1802. 


Abiel  Foster. 
Samuel  Hunt.4 


Simeon  Olcott.1 
William  Plumer.2 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Joseph  Pierce.6 
Samuel  Tenney. 


James  Sheafe.8 


George  P.  Upham. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  Livermore,  resigned  in  1801 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1801.  2  Elected  in  place  of  James  Sheafe, 
resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  G,  1802.  *  Resigned  in  1802.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Pierce,  resigned;  took  his  seat 
Dec.  6, 1802.  6  Resigned  in  1802. 


Jonathan  Dayton. 


John  Condit. 
Ebenezer  Elmer. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Helms. 
James  Mott. 


Aaron  Ogden. 


Henry  Southard. 


John  Armstrong.1 
DeWitt  Clinton.2 


Theodoras  Bailey. 
Lucas  Elmendorf. 
Samuel  L.  Mitchill. 
Thomas  Morris. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Smith. 
David  Thomas. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  P.  Van  Ness.3 


Gouverneur  Morris. 


Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 
Benjamin  Walker. 


1  Resigned  in  1802.  *  Elected  in  place  of  John  Armstrong,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  23,  1802.  »  Seat  declared 
forfeited  Jan.  17, 1803;  he  having  accepted  and  exercised  the  office  of  major  of  militia,  under  authority  of  the  United  States, 
within  the  Territory  of  Columbia. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


Willis  Alston. 
William  Barry  Grove. 
Archibald  Henderson. 
William  H.  Hill. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Holland. 
Charles  Johnson.1 
Nathaniel  Macon.2 
Richard  Stanford. 


David  Stone. 


John  Stanley. 
Robert  Williams.8 
Thomas  Wynn.4 


1  Died  in  1802. 


*  Elected  speaker  Dec.  7, 1801.       »  Took  his  seat  Jan.  22, 1802. 
deceased ;  took  his  Boat  Dec.  7, 1802. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

George  Logan.1  I  James  Ross. 

Peter  Muhlenberg.2 

Elected  in  place  of  Peter  Muhlenberg,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1801.       »  Resigned  in  1801. 


THE    SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


23 


Robert  Brown. 
Thomas  Bonde. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
John  A.  Hanua. 
Joseph  Heister. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Hemphill. 
William  Hoge. 
William  Jones. 
Michael  Leib. 
John  Smilie. 


John  Stewart. 
Isaac  Vanhorne. 
Henry  Woods. 


Christopher  Ellery.1 
Theodore  Foster. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ray  Greene.2 


Joseph  Stanton,  jun.  |  Thomas  Tillinghast. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Ray  Greene,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1801.       *  Resigned  in  1801. 


John  Ewing  Calhoun. 
Charles  Pinckney.1 


William  Butler. 
Benjamin  Huger. 
Thomas  Lowndes. 


SOUTH   CAEOLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Moore. 
John  Rutledge. 
Thomas  Suinter.2 


Thomas  Sumter.2 


Richard  Winn.8 


1  Resigned  in  1801.      *  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Charles  Pinckney,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19, 1801.      »  Elected  in  place 
of  Thomas  Sumter,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Jan.  24, 1803. 


Joseph  Anderson. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  Dickson. 


William  Cocke. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley.1 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
I 


Nathaniel  Chipman. 


Israel  Smith. 


Lewis  R.  Morris. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Elijah  Paine,  resigned  in  1801;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1801;  elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  14, 1802,  Feb.  25, 

1803,  and  March  2, 1803. 


Stevens  Thompson  Mason. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
I 


Richard  Brent. 
Samuel  J.  Cabell. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson.1 
William  B.  Giles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edwin  Gray. 
David  Holmes. 
George  Jackson. 
Anthony  New. 
Thomas  Newton,  jun. 
John  Randolph,  jun. 
John  Smith. 

»  Took  his  seat  Jan.  14, 1802. 


Wilson  Gary  Nicholas. 


John  Stratton. 
John  Taliaferro,  jun. 
Philip  R.  Thompson. 
Abram  Trigg. 
John  Trigg. 


24 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE    EIGHTH    CONGKESS, 


First  Session,  from  Oct.  17, 1803,  to  March  27,  1804.     Second  Session,  from  Nov.  5,  1804,  to  March  3,  1805. 


Vice-President.  —  AARON  BUKB  of  New  York.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — JOHN  BROWN  of 
Kentucky,  elected  Oct.  17,  1803,  and  again  elected  Jan.  23,  1804;  JESSE  FRANKLIN  of  North  Carolina,  elected 
March  10,  1804;  JOSEPH  ANDERSON  of  Tennessee,  elected  Jan.  15,  1805,  and  again  elected  Feb.  28,  1805,  and 
again  elected  March  2,  1805.  Secretary  of  tlie  Senate. —SAMUEL  ALLTNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the,  House. — NATHANIEL  MACON  of  North  Carolina.  Clerk  of  the  House. — JOHN  BECKLEY  of 
Virginia. 


James  Hillhouse. 


Simeon  Baldwin. 
Samuel  "W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Calvin  Goddard. 
Roger  Griswold. 
John  C.  Smith. 


Uriah  Tracy. 


Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


James  A.  Bayard.1 
William  Hill  Wells.* 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  White. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Caesar  A.  Rodney. 
1  Elected  in  place  of  William  Hill  Wells,  resigned;  took  Ms  seat  Jan.  15, 1805. 


Resigned  In  1804. 


Joseph  Bryan. 


Abraham  Baldwin. 

|     Peter  Early. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

|     Samuel  Hammond. 


James  Jackson. 


David  Meriwether. 


John  Breckenridge. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


John  Brown.1 


George  Michael  Bedinger. 
John  Boyle. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Fowler. 
Matthew  Lyon. 

Elected  president  pro  tern.  Oct.  17, 1803,  and  Jan.  23, 1804. 


Thomas  Sanford. 
Matthew  Walton. 


John  Archer. 
Walter  Bowie. 
John  Campbell. 
John  Dennis. 


Samuel  Smith. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Heister.1 
William  McCreery. 
Nicholas  II.  Moore. 
Roarer  Nelson.2 


Robert  Wright. 


Joseph  H.  Nicholson. 
Thomas  Plater. 


1  Died  in  1804.       J  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  Heister,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Nov.  C,  1804. 


THE  EIGHTH   CONGEESS. 


25 


John  Quincy  Adams. 


Phanuel  Bishop. 
Jacob  Crowninshield. 
Manasseh  Cutler. 
Richard  Cutts. 
Thomas  Dwight. 
"William  Eustis. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Seth  Hastings. 
Simon  Larned.2 
Nahum  Mitchell. 
Ebenezer  Seaver. 
Tompson  J.  Skinner.8 
William  Stedman. 


Timothy  Pickering.1 


Samuel  Taggart. 
Samuel  Thatcher. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 
Lemuel  Williams. 


Elected  in  place  of  Dwight  Foster,  resigned  in  1803;  took  his  seat  Oct.  17,  1803.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Tomoson  J  Skinner 
resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  5,  1804.       s  Resigned  in  1804. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Simeon  Olcott.  |  William  Plumer. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Silas  Betton.  David  Hough.  I  Samuel  Tennev 

Clifton  Claggett.  -  -1  " -  ^ 


David  Hough. 
Samuel  Hunt. 


John  Condit. 


Adam  Boyd. 
Ebenezer  Elmer. 


John  Armstrong.1 
Theodoras  Bailey.2 
DeWitt  Clinton.8 


George  Clinton,  jun.« 
Gaylord  Griswold. 
Josiah  Hasbrouck. 
Henry  W.  Livingston. 
Andrew  McCord. 
Samuel  L.  Mitchill.4 
Beriah  Palmer. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Helms. 
James  Mott. 

NEW   TOR]?. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Patterson. 
Oliver  Plielps. 
Samuel  Riker.? 
Erastiis  Root. 
Joshua  Sands. 
Thomas  Sammons. 
John  Smith.5 


Jonathan  Dayton. 


James  Sloan. 
Henry  Southard. 


Samuel  L.  Mitchill.< 
John  Smith.s 


David  Thomas. 
George  Tibbits. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
Killian  K.  Van  Ilensselaer. 
Daniel  C.  Verplanck. 


DeWitt  Clinton,  resigned;  took'his  seat  Feb.  23,  1804.     °«  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  L.  Mitchill,  elected  senator ;  took  his  seat 
Feb.  14, 1805.       1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Smith,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Nov.  5, 1804. 


Jesse  Franklin.1 


Nathaniel  Alexander. 
Willis  Alston,  jun. 
William  Blackledge. 
James  Gillespie.2 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Holland. 
William  Kennedy. 
Nathaniel  Macon.3 
Samuel  D.  Purviance. 


David  Stone. 


Richard  Stanford. 
Marinaduke  Williams. 
Joseph  Winston. 
Thomas  AVynns. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  10, 1804.       2  Died  January,  1805.       8  Elected  speaker  Oct.  17, 1803. 


John  Smith.1 


1  Took  Ms  seat  Oct.  25, 1803. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jeremiah  Morrow.8 

2  Took  his  seat  Oct.  17, 1803. 


Thomas  Worthington.2 


Took  his  seat  Oct.  17, 1803. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 


George  Logan. 


Samuel  Maclay. 


26 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Isaac  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
Joseph  Clay. 
Frederick  Conrad. 
William  Findley. 
Andrew  Gregg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  A.  Hanna. 
Joseph  Heister. 
William  Hoge.1 
John  Hoge.2 
Michael  Leib. 
John  B.  C.  Lucas. 
John  Rea. 


Jacob  Richards. 
John  Smilie. 
John  Stewart. 
Isaac  Van  Home. 
John  Whitehill. 


Resigned  in  1804.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Hoge,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  27, 1804,  election  unsuccessfully  contested. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 


Christopher  Ellery. 
Benjamin  Howland.1 


Samuel  J.  Potter.2 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nehemiah  Knight.  |  Joseph  Stanton. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  J.  Potter,  deceased ;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  3, 1804.       a  Died  in  1804. 


Pierce  Butler.1 
John  Gaillard.2 


William  Butler. 
Levi  Casey. 
John  B.  Earle. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wade  Hampton. 
Benjamin  Huger. 
Thomas  Lowndes. 


Thomas  Sumter.8 


Thomas  Moore. 
Richard  Winn. 


*  Elected  in  place  of  John  E.  Calhoun,  deceased  in  1802 ;  took  his  seat  Oct.  18,  1803,  resigned  in  1804.       *  Elected  in  place  of 
Pierce  Butler,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  31, 1805.       3  Took  his  seat  Feb.  6, 1804. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
Joseph  Anderson.1  |  William  Cocke. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Washington  Campbell.  I  William  Dickson.  |  John  Rhea. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Jan.  15, 1805,  Feb.  28, 1805,  and  March  2, 1805. 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 
Stephen  R.  Bradley.  |  Israel  Smith. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  Chamberlin.  |     Martin  Chittenden.  |     James  Elliot.  |     Gideon  Olin. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


William  B.  Giles.1 
Andrew  Moore.2 
Wilson  Cary  Nicholas.8 


John  Taylor.* 
Abraham  B.  Venable.5 


Thomas  Claiborne. 
Christopher  Clark,9 
Matt  lie  w  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Kppes. 
Peterson  Goodwyn. 
Edwin  Gray. 
Thomas  Griffin. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

David  Holmes. 
John  G.  Jackson. 
Walter  Jones. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jun. 
Thomas  Lewis.? 
Andrew  Moore.2 
Anthony  New. 
Thomas  Newton,  jun. 
John  Randolph,  jun. 


Thomas  M.  Randolph. 
John  Smith. 
James  Stephenson. 
Philip  R.  Thompson. 
Abram  Trigg. 
John  Trigg.8 
Alexander  Wilson.9 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Wilson  Cary  Nicholas,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  17,  1804;  appointed  in  place  of  Abraham  B. 
Venable,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  5.  1804.  2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Thomas  Lewis ;  took  his  seat  March  5. 
1804;  appointed  senator  in  place  of  Wilson  Cary  Nicholas,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  6,  1804;  elected  senator  in  place  of 
Abraham  B.  Venablo,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  17, 1804.  s  Resigned  in  1804.  4  Appointed  in  place  of  Stevens  T.  Mason, 
deceased  in  1803 ;  took  his  seat  Oct.  17, 1803.  e  Elected  in  place  of  Stevens  T.  Mason,  deceased  in  1803,  John  Taylor  having  been 
appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  13,  1803 ;  resigned  in  1804.  °  Elected  in  place  of  John  Trigg,  deceased ;  took  his  seat 
Nov.  5,  1804.  i  Election  successfully  contested  Dy  Andrew  Moore.  *  Died  in  1804.  •  Elected  in  place  of  Andrew 
Jloore,  appointed  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1804. 

MISSISSIPPI    TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

William  Lattimore.1 

»  Took  his  seat  Oct.  17, 1803. 


THE  NINTH  CONGRESS. 


27 


THE   NINTH   CONGKESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1805,  to  April  21,  1806.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1806,  to  March  3,  1807. 


Vice-President.  —  GEORGE  CLINTON  of  New  York.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  SAMUEL  SMITH  of 
Maryland,  elected  Dec.  2, 1805;  and  again  elected  March  18, 1806;  and  again  elected  March  2,  1807.  Secretary  of 
the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  NATHANIEL  MACON  of  North  Carolina.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  JOHN  BECKLEY  of 
Virginia. 


James  Hillhouse. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport,  jun. 
Theodore  D wight.  1 


CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

I 
KEPRESENTATIVES. 

Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin,  jun. 
John  Cotton  Smith.2 


Uriah  Tracy. 


Lewis  B.  Sturges. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Cotton  Smith,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1806.       s  Resigned  in  1806. 


James  A.  Bayard. 


DELAWAKE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  M.  Broom. 


Samuel  White. 


Abraham  Baldwin. 
James  Jackson.1 


William  W.  Bibb.8 
Joseph  Bryan.4 
Peter  Early. 


GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cowles  Mead.5 
David  Meriwether. 
Dennis  Smelt.9 


John  Milledge.2 


Thomas  Spalding.  ? 


i  Died  March  18, 1806.  *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Jackson,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  11,  1806.  8  Elected  in  place 
of  Thomas  Spalding,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  26,  1807.  *  Resigned  in  1806.  s  Election  successfully  contested  by 
Thomas  Spalding.  e  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Bryan,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  26,  1«06.  7  Successfully  contested  the 
election  of  Cowles  Mead;  took  his  seat  Dec.  25, 1805;  resigned  in  1806. 


John  Adair.1 
Henry  Clay.2 


George  Michael  Bedinger. 
John  Boyle. 


KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Fowler. 
Matthew  Lvon. 


Buckner  Thruston. 


Elected  in  place  of  John  Breckenridge,  resigned  in  1805;  took  his  seat  Dec.  9,  1805;  resigned  In  1806. 

John  Adair,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  29, 180G. 


Thomas  Sanford. 
Matthew  Walton. 

Elected  in  place  of 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 


Philip  Reed.i 
Samuel  Smith.2 


Robert  Wright.8 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  Wright,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  29,  1806.       2  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  2,  1805, 

March  18,  1806,  and  March  2, 1807.       8  Resigned  in  1806. 


28 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Archer. 
John  Campbell. 
Leonard  Covington. 
Charles  Goldsborough. 

*  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  H.  Nicholson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1806. 


Edward  Lloyd.1 
Patrick  Magruder. 
"William  McCreery. 
Nicholas  R.  Moore. 


Roger  Nelson. 
Joseph  H.  Nicholson.2 


Resigned  in  1806. 


John  Quincy  Adams. 


Joseph  Barker. 
Barnabas  Bid  well. 
Phanuel  Bishop. 
John  Chandler. 
Orchard  Cook. 
Jacob  Crowninshield. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  Cutts. 
William  Ely. 
Isaiah  L.  Green. 
Seth  Hastings. 
Jeremiah  Nelson. 
Josiah  Quincy. 


Timothy  Pickering. 


Ebenezer  Seaver. 
William  Stedman. 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


Silas  Betton. 
Caleb  Ellis. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Hough. 
Samuel  Tenney. 


William  Plumer. 


Thomas  W.  Thompson. 


John  Condit. 


Ezra  Darby. 
Ebenezer  Elmer. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Helms. 
John  Lambert. 


Aaron  Kitchel. 


James  Sloan. 
Henry  Southard. 


Samuel  L.  MitchilL 


John  Blake,  jun. 
George  Clinton,  jun. 
Silas  Halsey. 
Henry  W.  Livingston. 
Josiah  Masters. 
Gordon  S.  Mumford. 


NEW   TORK. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Russell. 
Peter  Sailly. 
Thomas  Sammons. 
Martin  G.  Schuneman. 
David  Thomas. 
Uri  Tracy. 


John  Smith. 


Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 
Daniel  C.  Verplanck. 
Eliphalet  Wickes. 
Nathan  Williams. 


David  Stone.  * 


Evan  Alexander.2 
Willis  Alston,  jun.. 
William  Blackledge. 
Thomas  Blouut. 

»  Resigned  in  1807. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Holland. 
Thomas  Keenan. 
Nathaniel  Macon.8 
Duncan  McFarland. 


James  Turner. 


Richard  Stanford. 
Marmaduke  Williams. 
Joseph  Winston. 
Thomas  Wynns. 


Elected  in  place  of  Nathaniel  Alexander,  elected  governor  by  the  legislature  hi  1805:  took  his  seat 
Feb.  24, 1806.       »  Elected  speaker  Dec.  2, 1805. 


John  Smith. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Jeremiah  Morrow. 


Thomas  Worthington. 


George  Logan. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
I 


Samuel  Maclay. 


THE  NINTH  CONGRESS. 


29 


Isaac  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
Joseph  Clay. 
Frederick  Conrad. 
William  Findley. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  Gregg. 
John  Hamilton. 
James  Kelly. 
Michael  Leib.1 
John  Porter.2 
John  Pugh. 


John  Rhea. 
Jacob  Richards. 
John  Smilie. 
Samuel  Smith. 
John  Whitehill. 
Robert  Whitehill. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Douglas ;  resigned  in  1806.       »  Elected  hi  place  of  Michael  Leib,  resigned ;  took  b.ia 

seat  Dec.  8,  1806. 


James  Fenner. 


Nehemiah  Knight. 


John  Gaillard. 


William  Butler. 
Levi  Casey.1 
Elias  Earle. 


Joseph  Anderson. 
George  W.  Campbell.  | 

Stephen  R.  Bradley. 


EHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  Marion. 
Thomas  Moore. 
O'Brien  Smith. 

i  Died  Feb.  1, 1807. 

TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  Dickson. 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Howland. 

Joseph  Stanton. 


Thomas  Sumter. 


David  R.  Williams. 
Richard  Winn. 


Daniel  Smith. 

|  John  Rhea. 

Israel  Smith. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Martin  Chittenden.  |     James  Elliot.  |     James  Fisk.      |  Gideon  Olin. 


William  B.  Giles. 


Burwell  Bassett. 
William  A.  Burwell.1 
John  Claiborne. 
Christopher  Clark.2 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Eppes. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  M.  Garnett. 
Peterson  Goodwyn. 
Edwin  Gray. 
David  Holmes. 
John  G.  Jackson. 
Walter  Jones. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jun. 
John  Morrow. 


Andrew  Moore. 


Thomas  Newton,  jun. 
John  Randolph. 
Thomas  M.  Randolph. 
John  Smith. 
Philip  R.  Thompson. 
Abram  Trigg. 
Alexander  Wilson. 


Elected  in  place  of  Christopher  Clark,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1806.       *  Resigned  in  1806. 

INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Benjamin  Parke.1 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  12, 1805. 

MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  Lattimore. 

ORLEANS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Daniel  Clark.1 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1806. 


30 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  TENTH  CONGEESS, 


First  Session,  from  Oct.  26,  1807,  to  April  25,  1808.      Second  Session,  from  Nov.  7,  1808,  to  March  3,  1809. 


Vice-President.  —  GEORGE  CLINTON  of  New  York.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tcmpore.  —  SAMUEL  SMITH  of 
Maryland,  elected  April  16,  1808  ;  STEPHEN  R.  BRADLEY  of  Vermont,  elected  Dec.  28,  1808;  JOHN  MILLEDGE  of 
Georgia,  elected  Jan.  30,  1809.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  — SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  Ilouse.  —  JOSEPH  B.  VARNUM  of  Massachusetts.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  PATRICK  MAGRUDER 
of  Maryland. 


Chauncey  Goodrich.5 


Epaphroditus  Champion. 
Samuel  "V¥.  Dana. 
John  Davenport,  jun. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin,  jun. 
Lewis  B.  Sturges. 


James  Hillhouse. 


Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


Elected  in  place  of  Uriah  Tracy,  deceased  in  1807;  took  Ms  seat  Nov.  27, 1807. 


James  A.  Bayard. 


DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Nicholas  Van  Dyke. 


Samuel  White. 


William  H.  Crawford.1 
George  Jones.2 


GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Bibb. 


John  Milledge.8 


|     Howell  Cobb. 


Dennis  Smelt. 


George  M.  Troup. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Abraham  Baldwin,  deceased  in  1807,  George  Jones  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat 
Dec.  9, 1807.  2  Appointed  hi  place  of  Abraham  Baldwin,  deceased  in  1807 ;  took  hia  seat  Oct.  20,  1807.  *  Elected  president 
pro  tern.  Jan.  30, 1809. 


John  Boyle.1 
Joseph  Desha. 


John  Pope. 


Buckner  Thruston. 


KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

I  Benjamin  Howard. 

Richard  M.  Johnson. 

Took  his  seat  Nov.  21, 1808.       2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  9. 1809. 


Matthew  Lyon. 
John  Rowan.2 


Philip  Reed. 


John  Campbell. 
Charles  Goldsborough. 
Philip  B.  Key.2 

*  Elected  president  pro  tern.  April  16,  1808. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  Lloyd. 
William  McCreery.8 
John  Montgomery. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested. 
Joshua  Barney. 


Samuel  Smith.1 


Nicholas  R.  Moore. 
Roger  Nelson. 
Archibald  Van  Home. 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by 


THE    TENTH   CONGRESS. 


31 


Ezekiel  Bacon. 
Joseph  Barker. 
John  Chandler. 
Orchard  Cook. 
Jacob  Crowninshield.8 
Eichard  Cutts. 

i  Resigned  in  1808. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 


John  Quincy  Adams.1 
James  Lloyd,  jun.2 


Timothy  Pickering. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Josiah  Deane. 

William  Ely. 

Isaiah  L.  Greene. 

Daniel  Ilsley. 

Edward  St.  Loe  Livermore. 

Josiah  Quincy. 


Ebenezer  Seaver. 
William  Stedman. 
Joseph  Story.* 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Jabez  Upham. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum.6 


igned  in  1808.       "  Elected  in  place  of  John  Quincy  Adams,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  7,  1808.       s  Died  April  15 
*  Uected  in  place  of  Jacob  Crowmnshield,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  20, 1808.       «  Elected  speaker  Oct.  20, 1807. 


1808. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


Peter  Carlton. 
Daniel  M.  Durell. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Francis  Gardner. 
Jedediah  Smith. 


Nahum  Parker. 


Clement  Storer. 


John  Condit. 


Adam  Boyd.1 
Ezra  Darby.2 
William  Helms. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

•John  Lambert. 
Thomas  Newbold. 
James  Sloan. 


Aaron  Kitchel. 


Henry  Southard. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Ezra  Darby,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  April  4,  1808.       *  Died  Jan.  28, 1808. 


Samuel  L.  Mitchill. 


John  Blake,  jun. 
George  Clinton,  jun. 
Barnet  Gardenier. 
John  Harris. 
Eeuben  Humphreys. 
William  Kirkpatrick. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Josiah  Masters. 
Gurdon  S.  Mumford. 
Samuel  Eiker. 
John  Eussell. 
Peter  Swart. 
David  Thomas.1 


John  Smith. 


John  Thompson. 
James  J.  Van  Allen. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
Killian  K.  Van  Eensselaer. 
Daniel  C.  Verplanck. 
Nathan  Wilson.2 


1  Resigned  in  1808.       »  Elected  in  place  of  David  Thomas,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  7, 1808. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


Evan  Alexander. 
Willis  Alston,  jun. 
William  Blackledge. 
Thomas  Blount. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Culpepper.1 
Meshack  Franklin. 
James  Holland. 
Thomas  Kenan. 


James  Turner. 


Nathaniel  Macon. 
Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Eichard  Stanford. 
Marmaduke  Williams. 


»  Seat  contested  by  Duncan  McFarland,  and  declared  vacant  Jan.  2, 1808,  on  account  of  inequalities  in  election:  he  was 
subsequently  re-elected  at  new  election,  and  took  his  seat  Feb.  23, 1808. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 


Return  Jonathan  Meigs.1 
John  Smith.2 


Edward  Tiffin. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Jeremiah  Morrow. 

Elected  in  place  of  John  Smith,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  6, 1809.       *  Tried  by  senate  for  complicity -with  Aaron  Burr;  but 
resolution  of  expulsion  negatived  April  9,  1808:  he  resigned  his  seat  April  25, 1808,  in  a  letter  to  the  governor. 


32 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Andrew  Gregg. 
Michael  LeibJ 


David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
Joseph  Clay.8 
"William  Findley. 
John  Heister. 
William  Iloge. 
Robert  Jenkins. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Kelly. 

William  Milnor. 

David  Montgomery,  jun. 

John  Porter. 

John  Pugh. 

John  Rea. 

Jacob  Richards. 


Samuel  Maclay.2 


Matthias  Richards. 
Benjamin  Say.* 
John  Smilie. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Robert  Whitehall. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  Maclay,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  19,  1809.        2  Resigned  in  1808. 
*  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Clay,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  1C,  1808. 


»  Resigned  in  1808. 


Benjamin  Howland. 


Richard  S.  Jackson.2 


KHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Nehemiah  Knight.8 


Elisha  Matthewson.1 


Isaac  Wilbour. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  James  Fenner,  elected  governor  in  1807 ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  20,  1807.       a  Elected  in  place  of  Nehemiah 
Knight,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Nov.  11,  1808.       *  Died  hi  1808. 


John  Gaillard. 


Lemuel  J.  Alston,  jun. 
William  Butler. 
Joseph  Calhoun. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  Marion. 
Thomas  Moore. 
John  Taylor. 


Thomas  Sumter. 


David  R.  Williams. 
Richard  Winn. 


Joseph  Anderson. 
George  W.  Campbell.  | 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  Rhea. 


Daniel  Smith. 


Jesse  Wharton. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley.1 


Martin  Chittenden. 
James  Elliot. 


VEEMONT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Fisk. 
Samuel  Shaw.8 


Jonathan  Robinson.2 


James  Witherall.4 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  28,  1808.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Israel  Smith,  resigned  in  1807;  took  his  seat  Oct.  26, 1807. 
8  Elected  in  place  of  James  Witherall,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  8,  1808.        *  Resigned  in  1808. 


William  B.  Giles. 


Burwell  Bassett. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
John  Claiborne.1 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Eppes. 
James  M.  Garnett. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Gholson,  jun.2 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Edwin  Gray. 
David  Holmes. 
John  G.  Jackson. 
Walter  Jones. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jun. 
John  Love. 


Andrew  Moore. 


John  Morrow. 
Thomas  Newton,  jun. 
Wilson  Carey  Nicholas. 
John  Randolph. 
John  Smith. 
Abram  Trigg. 
Alexander  Wilson. 


1  Died  in  1806.       *  Elected  hi  place  of  John  Claiborne,  deceased;  took  Ms  seat  Nov.  7, 1808. 


THE  ELEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


33 


INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 
Benjamin  Parke.i  |  Jesse  B  Thomag  2 

Took  his  seat  Oct.  28, 1807;  resigned  in  1808.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  Parke,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1808. 

MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Poindexter.1 

1  Took  his  seat  Oct.  26,  1807. 

ORLEANS  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 
Daniel  Clark. 


THE   ELEVENTH   CONGEESS. 


First  Session,  from  May  22,  1800,  to  June  28,  1809.     Second  Session,  from  Nov.  27,  1809,  to  May  1, 1810. 
Third  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811. 


Vice-President.  —  GEORGE  CLINTON  of  New  York.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —ANDREW  GREGO 
of  Pennsylvania,  elected  June  26,  1809 ;  JOHN  GAILLARD  of  South  Carolina,  elected  Feb.  28,  1810,  and  again 
elected  April  17,1810;  JOHN  POPE  of  Kentucky,  elected  Feb.  23,  1811.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL 
ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  JOSEPH  B.  VAJRNUM  of  Massachusetts.  Clerk  of  the  House.—  PATRICK  MAGRUDEB 
of  Maryland. 


Samuel  "W.  Dana.1 
Chauncey  Goodrich. 


Epaphroditus  Champion. 
Samuel  W.  Dana.1 
John  Davenport. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ebenezer  Huntington.8 
Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin,  jun. 


James  Hillhouse.2 


Lewis  B.  Sturges. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  James  Hillhouse,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1810.       *  Resigned  in  1810.       »  Elected  in  place 
of  Samuel  W.  Dana,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1810. 


James  A.  Bayard. 
Outerbridge  Horsey.1 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  White.2 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Nicholas  Van  Dyke. 

Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  White,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29, 1810.        *  Died  in  1809. 


34 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 


"William  H.  Crawford. 
JohnMilledge.1 


Charles  Tait.2 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  "W.  Bibb.  |     Howell  Cobb.  |     Dennis  Smelt.  |     George  M.  Troup. 

1  Resigned  in  1809.       *  Elected  in  place  of  John  Milledge,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  28, 1809. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


Henry  Clay.1 
John  Pope.2 


Buckner  Thmston.8 


"William  T.  Barry.4 
Henry  Crist. 
Joseph  Desha. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Howard.5 
Richard  M.  Johnson. 
Matthew  Lyon. 


Samuel  McKee. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Buckner  Thruston,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  5,  1810.        2  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Feb.  23, 1811. 
*  Resigned  in  1809.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  Howard,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  13,  1810.       6  Resigned  in  1810. 


Philip  Reed. 


John  Brown.1 
John  Campbell. 
Charles  Goldsborough. 
Philip  B.  Key. 


Resigned  in  1810. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alexander  McKim. 
John  Montgomery. 
Nicholas  R.  Moore. 
Roger  Nelson.2 


Samuel  Smith. 


Samuel  Ringgold.8 
Archibald  Van  Home. 
Robert  Wright.4 


Resigned  in  1810.       s  Elected  in  place  of  Roger  Nelson,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1810. 
in  place  of  John  Brown,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1810. 


«  Elected 


James  Lloyd,  jun. 


Joseph  Allen.1 
Ezekiel  Bacon. 
William  Baylies.2 
Abijah  Bigclow.8 
Orchard  Cook. 
Richard  Cutts. 
William  Ely. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Gideon  Gardner. 
Barzillai  Gannett. 
Edward  St.  Loe  Livermore. 
Benjamin  Pickman,  jun. 
Josiah  Quincy. 
Ebenezer  Seaver. 
William  Stedrnan.4 


Timothy  Pickering. 


Samuel  Taggert. 
Charles  Turner,  jun.5 
Jabez  Upham.6 
Joseph  B.  Varnum.7 
Laban  Wheaton. 
Ezekiel  Whitman. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Jabez  Upham,  resigned:  took  hia  seat  Dec.  13,  1810.  2  Election  successfully  contested  by  Charles 
Tumer,  jun.  »  Elected  in  place  of  William  Stedman,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  14,  1810.  *  Resigned  in  1810.  «  Suc 
cessfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Baylies;  took  his  seat  June  28,  1809.  6  Resigned  in  1810.  7  Elected  speaker 
May  22, 1809. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  Cutts.1 
Nicholas  Gilman. 


Nahum  Parker.2 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Blaisdell.  I 

John  C.  Chamberlain. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Nahum  Parker,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1810. 


William  Hale. 
Nathaniel  O.  Haven. 


James  Wilson. 
1  Resigned  1810. 


John  Condit.1 


Adam  Boyd. 
James  Cox.2 
William  Helms. 


NEW   JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Hufty. 
Thomas  Newbold. 
John  A.  Scudder.8 


John  Lambert. 


Henry  Southard. 


1  Appointed  in  plar-o  of  Aaron  Kitcliel,  resigned  in  1809;  took  his  seat  May  24, 1809;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature,  and 
took  hia  scut  Nov.  GO,  18t)J.        2  Died  in  1810.       3  Elected  in  place  of  James  Cox,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Doc  3,  1810. 


THE   ELEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


35 


Obadiah  German. 


James  Emott. 
Jonathan  Fisk. 
Bareut  Gardenier. 
Thomas  R.  Gold. 
Herman  Knickerbocker. 
Robert  Le  Roy  Livingstone. 


NEW    YORK. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vincent  Matthews. 
Samuel  L.  Mitchill.i 
Gurdon  S.  Mumford. 
John  Nicholson. 
Peter  B.  Porter. 
Erastus  Root. 


John  Smith. 


Ebenezer  Sage. 

Thomas  Sammons. 

John  Thompson. 

TJri  Tracy. 

Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 


i  Elected  In  place  of  Wffliam  Denning,  who  was  elected  a  member,  but  never  qualified ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1810. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


"Willis  Alston,  jun. 
James  Cochran. 
Meshack  Franklin. 
James  Holland. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

Thomas  Kenan. 
William  Kennedy. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Archibald  McBride. 


James  Turner. 


Joseph  Pearson. 
Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Richard  Stanford. 
John  Stanley. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 


Alexander  Campbell.1 

Stanley  Griswold.2 

Return  Jonathan  Meigs,  jun.3 


Edward  Tiffin.4 
Thomas  Worthington.6 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Jeremiah  Morrow. 


*  Elected  in  place  of  Edward  Tiffin,  resigned,  Stanley  Griswold  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  12  1810 
Appointed  in  place  of  Edward  Tiffin,  resigned;  took  Ids  seat  June  id,  1809.       »  Resigned  in  1810.       «  Resigned  in  1809 


Elected  in  place  of  Return  Jonathan  Meigs,  jun.,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  8, 1811. 


Andrew  Gregg.1 


William  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
William  Crawford. 
William  Findley. 
Daniel  Heister. 
Robert  Jenkins. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  June  26, 1809. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Michael  Leib. 


Aaron  Lyle.  Adam  Seybert.8 

William  Milnor.  John  Smilie. 

John  Porter.  George  Smith. 

John  Rea.  Samuel  Smith. 

Matthias  Richards.  Robert  Whitehill. 
John  Ross. 
Benjamin  Say.2 

Resigned  in  1809.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  Say,  resigned ;  took  hia  seat 
Nov.  27, 1809. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Christopher  G.  Champlin.1 
Francis  Malbone.2 


Elisha  Matthewson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  Jackson,  jun.  I  Elisha  R.  Potter. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Francis  Malbone,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  12,  1810.       »  Died  June  4, 1809. 


Lemuel  J.  Alston. 
William  Butler. 
Joseph  Calhoun. 


John  Gaillard.1 
Thomas  Sumter.2 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Langdon  Cheves.4 
Robert  Marion.5 
Thomas  Moore. 


John  Taylor.8 


John  Taylor. « 
Richard  Winn. 
Robert  Witherspoon. 

a  Elected 


i  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Feb.  28.  1810,  and  April  17, 1810.  *  Took  his  seat  Nov.  27, 1809 ;  resigned  in  1810.  'Elected 
uiator  in  place  of  Thomas  Sumter.  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  31,  1810.  •  Elected  m  place  of  Robert  Marion,  resigned, 
ok  his  seat  Jan.  24. 1811.  «  Resinned  hi  Ibll. 


36 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 


Joseph  Anderson. 
Daniel  Smith.1 


Jenkin  Whiteside.2 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Pleasant  M.  Miller.  |  John  Rhea.  |  Robert  "Weakley. 

1  Resigned  in  1809.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  Smith,  resigned;  took  his  seat  May  26, 1809. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Bradley.  |  Jonathan  Robinson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  Chamberlin.  |     Martin  Chittenden.  |     Jonathan  H.  Hubbard.    |     Samuel  Shaw. 


Richard  Brent. 


Burwell  Bassett. 
James  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Eppes. 
David  S.  Garland.* 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Gholson,  jun. 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Edwin  Gray. 
John  G.  Jackson.2 
Walter  Jones. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jun. 
John  Love. 
William  McKinley.8 


William  B.  Giles. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Wilson  C.  Nicholas,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  17, 1810. 
John  G.  Jackson,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  21, 1810. 


Thomas  Ne\vton. 
Wilson  C.  Nicholas.4 
John  Randolph. 
John  Iloane. 
Daniel  Sheffey. 
John  Smith. 
James  Stephenson. 
Jacob  Swoope. 


2  Resigned  in  1810. 
*  Resigned  in  1809. 


Elected  in  place  of 


INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonathan  Jennings.  *  0 

1  Took  his  seat  Nov.  27, 1809;  election  unsuccessfully  contested  on  the  ground  of  illegality. 

MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
George  Poindexter. 


ORLEANS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Julian  Poydras.1 

*  Took  his  seat  May  31, 1809. 


THE  TWELFTH  CONGRESS. 


37 


THE   TWELFTH  CONGKESS, 


First  Session,  from  Nov.  4,  1811,  to  July  6,  1812.     Second  Session,  from  Nov.  2,  1812,  to  March  3,  1813. 


Vice-president.  —  GEORGE  CLINTON!  of  New  York.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.—  WILLIAM  H. 
CRAWFORD  of  Georgia,  elected  March  24,  1812.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachu 
setts. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  HENRY  CLAY  of  Kentucky.  Cleric  of  the  House.  —  PATRICK  MAGRUDER  of  Maryland. 

i  Died  April  20, 1812. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 


Epaphroditus  Champion. 
John  Davenport,  jun. 
Lyman  Law. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin,  jun. 
Lewis  B.  Sturges. 


Chauncey  Goodrich. 

Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


James  A.  Bayard. 


DELAWAKE. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Henry  M.  Ridgely. 


Outerbridge  Horsey. 


William  H.  Crawford.* 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

I  Charles  Tait. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Howell  Cobb.3  I  George  M.  Troop. 

Boiling  HaU. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  24,  1812.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Howell  Cobb,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  27,  1812. 

»  Resigned  in  1812. 


William  Barnett.* 
William  W.  Bibb. 


Henry  Clay.1 
Joseph  Desha. 


George  M.  Bibb. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  M.  Johnson. 

Samuel  McKee. 

Elected  speaker  Nov.  4, 1811. 


John  Pope. 


Anthony  New. 
Stephen  Ormsby. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


James  Brown.1 
Allan  B.  Magruder.3 


Thomas  Posey.8 


i  Elected  1 

*  Took  his  seat  Nov.  10,  ioi_.       -  AMi'vim*"*  ...  ^.^^ 

took  bis  seat  Dec.  7, 1802.       *  Took  bis  seat  Dec.  23, 1812. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Thomas  Boiling  Robertson.* 

1812,  having  never  taken  his  seatj  took 
[oel  Destrahan,  resigned  in  1812,  1" 


38 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Philip  Keed. 


Stevenson  Archer. 
Charles  Goldsborough. 
Joseph  Kent. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Philip  B.  Key. 
Peter  Little. 
Alexander  McKim. 


Samuel  Smith. 


Samuel  Ringgold. 
Philip  Stuart. 
Robert  Wright. 


Ezekiel  Bacon. 
Abijah  Bigelow. 
Elijah  Brigham. 
Francis  Carr.2 
Richard  Cutts.8 
William  Ely. 


James  Lloyd. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaiah  L.  Green. 
Josiah  Quincy. 
William  Reed. 
William  M.  Richardson.4 
Ebenezer  Seaver. 
Samuel  Taggert. 


Joseph  B.  Varnum.1 


Peleg  Tallman. 
Charles  Turner,  jun. 
Laban  Wheaton. 
Leonard  White. 
William  Widgery. 


Elected  president  pro  tern.       »  Took  his  seat  June  3, 1812.       »  Took  Ms  seat  June  8, 1812.       «  Took  his  seat  Jan.  22, 1812. 


Charles  Cutts. 


Josiah  Bartlett. 
Samuel  Dinsinoor. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Obel  Hall. 
John  A.  Harper. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


George  Sullivan. 


John  Condit. 


Adam  Boyd. 
Lewis  Condit. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Hufty. 
George  C.  Maxwell. 


John  Lambert. 


James  Morgan. 
Thomas  Newbold. 


Obadiah  German. 


Daniel  Avery. 
Harmanus  Bleecker. 
Thomas  B.  Cooke. 
James  Emott. 
Asa  Fitch. 
Thomas  R.  Gold. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 


John  Smith. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  P.  Grosvenor.1 
Robert  Le  Roy  Livingston.2 
Arunah  Metcalf . 
Samuel  L.  Mitchill. 
William  Paulding,  jun. 
Benjamin  Pond. 


Peter  B.  Porter. 

Ebenezer  Sage. 

Thomas  Sammons. 

Silas  Stow. 

Uri  Tracy. 

Pierre  Van  Cortlandt,  jun. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  Le  Roy  Livingston,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29, 18ia       a  Resigned  in  1812. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


Willis  Alston. 
William  Blackledge. 
Thomas  Blount.1 
James  Cochran. 
Meshack  Franklin. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Kennedy.2 
William  R.  King. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Archibald  McBryde. 
Joseph  Pearson. 


James  Turner. 


Israel  Pickens. 
Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Richard  Staiidford. 


1  Died  Feb.  7, 1812.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Blount,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  30, 1813. 


THE  TWELFTH  CONGRESS. 


39 


Alexander  Campbell. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Jeremiah  Morrow. 


Thomas  Worthington. 


Andrew  Gregg. 


William  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
William  Crawford. 
Roger  Davis. 
William  Findley. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Hyneman. 
Abner  Lacock. 
Joseph  Lefever. 
Aaron  Lyle. 
James  Milnor. 
William  Piper. 


Michael  Leib. 


Jonathan  Roberts. 
William  Rodman. 
Adam  Seybert. 
John  Smilie. 
George  Smith. 
Robert  Whitehall. 


EHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Jeremiah  B.  Howell.  |  WiUiam  Hunter.  1 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  Jackson,  jun.  |  E]isha  E  potter. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Christopher  G.  Champlin,  resigned  in  1811 ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  25, 1811. 


William  Butler. 
John  C.  Calhoun. 
Langdon  Cheves. 


John  Gaillard. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elias  Earle. 
William  Lowndes. 
Thomas  Moore. 


John  Taylor. 


David  R.  Williams. 
Richard  Winn. 


Felix  Grundy. 


Joseph  Anderson. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  Rhea. 


George  W.  Campbell.1 


John  Sevier. 


1  Elected  hi  place  of  Jenkin  "Whiteside,  resigned  in  1811 ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  4, 1811. 


Martin  Chittenden. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Bradley.  |  Jonathan  Robinson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
|  James  Fisk.  |        Samuel  Shaw.         |     William  Strong. 


Richard  Brent. 


John  Baker. 
Burwell  Bassett. 
James  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
Thomas  Gholson. 


VIRGINIA, 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Peterson  Goodwyn. 
Edwin  Gray. 
Aylett  Hawes. 
John  P.  Hungerford.1 
Joseph  Lewis,  jun. 
William  McCoy. 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  Newton. 


William  B.  Giles. 


James  Pleasants,  jun. 
John  Randolph. 
John  Roane. 
Daniel  Sheffey. 
John  Smith. 
John  Taliaferro.2 
Thomas  Wilson. 


1  Election  successfully  contested  by  John  Taliaferro. 


2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  P.  Ilungerford;  took  his 
seat  Dec.  2, 1811. 


40  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

ILLINOIS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Shadrack  Bond.1 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1812. 

INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jonathan  Jennings. 

MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
George  Poindexter. 

MISSOURI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Edward  Hempstead.1 

1  Took  Ms  seat  Jan.  4, 1813. 


First  Session,  from  May  24,  1813,  to  Aug.  2,  1813.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1813,  to  April  18,  1814. 
Third  Session,  from  Sept.  19,  1814,  to  March  2,  1815. 


Vice-President.  —  ELBRIDGE  GERRY*  of  Massachusetts.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  JOSEPH 
B.  VARNUM  of  Massachusetts,  elected  Dec.  6,  1813;  JOHN  GAILLARD  of  South  Carolina,  elected  April  18,  1814; 
and  again  elected  Nov.  25, 1814.  Secretaries  of  the  Senate.  —  SAMUEL  ALLYNE  OTIS  of  Massachusetts;  CHARLES 
CUTTS  of  New  Hampshire,  elected  Oct.  11,  1814. 

Speakers  of  the  House.  —  HENRY  CLAY  of  Kentucky;  LANGDOST  CHEVES  of  South  Carolina,  elected  Jan.  19, 
1814.  Clerks  of  the  House.  —  PATRICK  MAGRUDER  of  Maryland;  THOMAS  DOUGHERTY  of  Kentucky,  elected 

Jan.  30, 1815. 

i  Died  Nov.  23, 1814. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

David  Daggett.1  |  Samuel  W.  Dana. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Epaphroditus  Champion. 
John  Davenport,  jun. 
Lyman  Law. 


Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin. 
Lewis  B.  Sturges. 


Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Cliauncey  Goodrich,  resigned  hi  1813;  took  his  seat  May  24, 1813. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Outerbridge  Horsey.  |  William  H.  Wells.1 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Cooper.  |  Henry  M.  Ridgely. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  James  A.  Bayard,  resigned  in  1813;  took  bis  seat  June  10, 1813. 


THE   THIRTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


41 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


William  Wyatt  Bibb.1 
William  B.  Bullock.2 


William  Barnett. 
William  W.  Bibb.1 
Alfred  Cuthbert.3 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Forsvth. 
Boiling  Hall. 
Thomas  Telfair. 


Charles  Tait. 


George  M.  Troup. 


i  Elected  senator  in  place  of  William  H.Crawford,  resigned  in  1813,  William  B.  Bullock  having  been  appointed  pro  tern 
took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1813.  "  Appointed  in  place  of  William  H.  Crawford,  resigned  in  1813-  took  hk  seat  Mav  24  mn 
»  Elected  in  place  of  William  W.  Bibb,  appointed  senator ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  7, 1814  y  '  1813 


William  T.  Barry.* 
George  M.  Bibb.2 
Jesse  Bledsoe.3 


James  Clark. 
Henry  Clay.s 
Joseph  Desha. 
William  P.  Duvall. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  H.  Hawkins  J 
Samuel  Hopkins.8 
Richard  M.  Johnson.9 
Samuel  McKee. 


Isham  Talbot.4 
George  Walker.  6 


Thomas  Montgomery. 
Stephen  Onnsby. 
Solomon  P.  Sharp. 


i  Elected  in  place  of  George  M.  Bibb,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  2,  1815.  2  Resigned  in  1814.  s  Resigned  in  1815 
«  Elected  in  place  of  Jesse  Bledsoe,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  2,  1815.  «  Appointed  in  place  of  George  M.  Bibb,  resigned; 
took  his  seat  Oct.  10,  1814.  a  Elected  speaker  May  24,  1813;  resigned  Jan.  19,  1814.  '  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Clay 
resigned;  took  his  seat  March  29, 1814.  «  Took  his  seat  June  26, 1813.  »  Took  his  seat  March  7, 1814. 


James  Brown. 


LOUISIANA. 
SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Thomas  B.  Robertson. 


Eligius  Fromentin. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Robert  Henry  Goldsborough.  | 


Stevenson  Archer. 
Charles  Goldsborough. 
Alexander  C.  Hanson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Joseph  Kent. 
Alexander  McKim. 
Nicholas  R.  Moore. 


Samuel  Smith. 


Samuel  Ringgold. 
Philip  Stuart. 
Robert  Wright. 


Christopher  Gore.1 


William  Baylies. 
Abijah  Bigelow. 

George  Bradbury Portland. 

Elijah  Brigham. 
Samuel  Dana.3 

Samuel  Davis Bath. 

Daniel  Dewey.4 
William  Ely. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 


Joseph  B.  Varnum.2 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Levi  Hubbard. 
John  W.  Hurlbert.6 

Cyrus  King Saco. 

James  Parker. 
Timothy  Pickering. 
John  Reed. 
William  Reed. 
William  M.  Richardson.  6 


Nathaniel  Ruggles. 

Samuel  Taggert. 

Artemus  Ward. 

Laban  "NVheaton. 

John  Wilson. 

Abiel  Wood Wiscasset. 


>  Elected  president  .pro  tern,  Dec.  6. 


i  Appointed  in  place  of  James  Lloyd,  resigned  in  1813;  took  his  seat  May  28,  1813.  >  ece  presien  .r  ,  .  . 
1813.  a  Elected  in  place  of  William  M.  Richardson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Sept.  22,  1814.  *  Resigned  in  1814.  «  Elected 
in  place  of  Daniel  Dewey,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Sept.  26,  1814.  °  Took  his  seat  June  22,  1813;  resigned  Apnl  s,  1814. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 


Charles  Cutts.1 
Nicholas  Gilman.2 


Jeremiah  Mason.8 
Thomas  W.  Thompson.4 


Daniel  Webster. 
Jeduthan  Wilcox. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Bradbury  Cilley.  I  Samuel  Smith. 

William  Hale.  I  Roger  Vose. 

i  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  during  recess  of  the  legislature;  took  his  seat  May  24, 1813        »  Died  May  2  1814.       *  Elected 
for  six  years  from  March  4, 1813,  Charles  Cutts  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.;  took  his  seat  June  21, 1813.          JUected 
place  of  Nicholas  Gilman,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Sept.  19, 1814.- 


42 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Condit. 


Thomas  Bines.1 
Lewis  Condict. 
William.  Cox. 


NEW   JERSEY. 

SENATOES. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Hufty.2 
James  Schureman. 
Richard  Stockton. 


John  Lambert. 


Thomas  Ward. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Jacob  Hufty,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Nov.  2, 1814.       2  Died  in  1814. 


Obadiah  German. 


Daniel  Avery. 
Egbert  Benson.1 
John  M.  Bowers.2 
Alexander  Boyd. 
Oliver  C.  Comstock. 
Peter  Denoyelles. 
Jonathan  Fisk. 
James  Gediles. 
Thomas  P.  Grosvenor. 
Abraham  Ilasbrouck.8 


NEW   YORK. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  Hopkins. 
Nathaniel  Howell. 
William  Irving.4 
Moss  Kent. 
John  Lefferts. 
John  Lovett. 
Jacob  Markftll. 
Morris  S.  Miller. 
Hosea  Mottitt. 
Thomas  I.  Oakley. 


Ruf  us  King. 


Jotham  Post,  jun. 
Ebenezer  Sage. 
Samuel  Sherwood. 
Zebulon  R.  Shipherd. 
William  S.  Smith. 
John  W.  Taylor. 
Joel  Thompson. 
Isaac  Williams,  jun.5 
Elisha  I.  Winter. 


1  Resigned  in  1813.  *  Took  his  seat  June  21. 1813 :  his  election  was 
Lis  seat  June  28,  1813.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Egbert  Benson,  resigned; 
the  election  of  John  M.  Bowers ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  24, 1814. 


successfully  contested  by  Isaac  Williams,  jun.       *  Took 
took  his  seat  Jan.  22, 1814.       6  Successfully  contested 


David  Stone. 


Willis  Alston. 
John  Culpeper. 
Peter  Forney. 
Meshack  Franklin. 
William  Gaston. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Kennedy. 
William  R.  King. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
William  H.  Murf  ee. 
Joseph  Pearson. 


James  Turner. 


Israel  Pickens. 
Richard  Stanford. 
Bartlett  Yancey. 


Joseph  Kerr.1 
Jeremiah  Morrow. 


John  Alexander. 
Rezin  Beall.8 
James  Caldwell. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 


Thomas  Worthington.2 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Clendenin.4 
William  Creighton,  jun. 
James  Kilbouru. 


John  McLean. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Worthington,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  30,  1814.       *  Resigned  in 
*  Elected  m  place  of  Rezin  Beall,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  22, 1814. 


1814.       »  Resigned  in  1814. 


Abner  Lacock. 
Michael  Leib.1 


William  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
John  Conard.' 
William  Crawford. 
Edward  Crouch.3 
Roger  Davis. 
William  Findley. 
Hugh  Glasgow. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Gloninger.4 
Isaac  Griffins. 
Samuel  Henderson.6 
John  M.  Hyneman.6 
Charles  J.  Ingersoll. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham. 
Jared  Irwin. 
Aaron  Lyle. 
William  Piper. 


Jonathan  Roberts.2 


John  Rea. 
Jonathan  Roberts.2 
Adam  Seybert. 
Amos  Slay  maker.7 
Isaac  Smith. 
Adam  son  Tannehill. 
Daniel  Udree.8 
James  Whitehill.9 
Thomas  Wilson. 


i  Resigned  in  1814.  *  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Michael  Leib,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  28,  1814.  *  Elected  In 
place  of  John  Gloninger,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dee.  C.  1S13.  4  Resigned  in  1813.  6  Elected  in  place  of  Jonathan 
Roberta,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Nov.  29,  1814.  °  Resigned  in  1813.  *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Whitehill, 
resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  12, 1814.  8  Elected  in  place  of  John  M.  Uyneman,  resigned; 


iu  1814. 


took  his  seat  Dec.  C,  Ibl3.      °  Resigned 


THE    THIRTEENTH    CONGRESS. 


43 


Jeremiah  B.  Howell. 


Richard  Jackson,  jun. 


EHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
I 


"William  Hunter. 


Elisha  R.  Potter. 


John  Gaillard.1 


John  C.  Calhoun. 
John  J.  Chapell. 
Langdon  Cheves.2 


SOUTH    CAEOLLNA. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elias  Earle. 
David  R.  Evans. 
Samuel  Farrow. 


John  Taylor. 


Theodore  Gourdin. 
John  Kershaw. 
William  Lowndes. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  April  18, 1814,  and  Nov.  25, 1814,  on  the  death  of  the  vice-president,  Mr.  Gerry        *  Elected  speaker 

Jan.  ID,  1814,  in  place  of  Henry  Clay,  resigned. 


John  H.  Bowen. 
Newton  Cannon.8 
Felix  Gruudy.4 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 


Joseph  Anderson. 
George  W.  Campbell.1 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  K.  Harris.6 
Perry  W.  Humphreys. 
John  Ehea. 


Jesse  "Wharton.2 


John  Sevier. 


i  Resigned  in  1814.  >  Appointed  in  place  of  George  \V.  Campbell,  resigned;  took  his  seat  April  9,  1814.  »  Elected  in 
place  of  Felix  Grundy,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Oct.  15, 1S14.  *  Resigned  in  1814.  6  Seat  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William 
Kelly. 


Dudley  Chace. 


William  C.  Bradley. 
Ezra  Butler. 


VEEMONT. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Fisk. 
Charles  Rich. 


Jonathan  Robinson. 


Richard  Skinner. 
William  Strong. 


James  Barbour.1 
Richard  Brent.2 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Giles. 


Philip  P.  Barbour.s 
Thomas  M.  Bayley.4 
James  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
Hugh  Caperton. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson.6 
John  W.  Eppes. 


Thomas  Gholson. 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Aylett  Hawes. 
John  P.  Hungerford.6 
John  G.  Jackson. 
James  Johnson.7 
John  Kerr. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jun. 

i  Elected  in  place  of  Richard  Brent,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  11, 1815.  *  Died  Dec.  30, 1814.  »  Elected  in  place  of 
John  Dawson,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Sept.  19,  1814.  *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Bunvell  Bassett.  »  Died 
March  30,  1814  6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Taliaferro.  7  Took  his  seat  Dec.  15,  1813. 


William  McCoy. 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  Newton. 
James  Pleasants,  jun. 
John  Roane. 
Daniel  Sheffey. 
John  Smith. 
Francis  White. 


ILLINOIS  TEERITOET. 

DELEGATES. 

ShadrackBond.i  I  Benjamin  Stephenson.2 

1  Resigned  in  1814.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Shadrack  Bond,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  14, 1814. 


INDIANA  TEERITOKY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jonathan  Jennings. 


44 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

• ,  William  Lattimore.1 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1813. 

MISSOURI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 

Rufus  Eastern.1  |  Edward  Hempstead.2 

i  Took  his  seat  Nov.  16, 1814.      »  Took  his  seat  June  10, 1813. 


THE  FOUKTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1815,  to  April  30,  1816.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1816,  to  March  3, 1817. 


Vice-President.1    President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  — JOHN  GAILLARD;  again  elected  Dec.  2, 1816.    Secre 
tary  of  the  Senate.  —  CHARLES  CUTTS  of  New  Hampshire. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  HENBY  CLAY  of  Kentucky.    Clerk  of  the  House.—  THOMAS  DOUGHERTY  of  Ken 
tucky. 

*  Elbridge  Gerry,  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  died  Nov.  23, 1814. 


David  Daggett. 


Epaphroditus  Champion. 
John  Davenport,  jun. 
Lyman  Law. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin. 
Lewis  B.  Sturges. 


Samuel  "W.  Dana. 


Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


Outerbridge  Horsey. 


Thomas  Clayton. 


DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 
1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  10, 1816. 


William  H.  Wells.* 


Thomas  Cooper. 


William  W.  Bibb.1 
Charles  Tait. 


Zadock  Cook.s 
Alfred  Cuthbert.* 
John  Forsyth. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Boiling  Hall. 
Wilson  Lumpkin. 
Thomas  Telfair. 


George  M.  Troup.2 


Richard  Henry  Wilde. 


Resigned  in  1816.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  W.  Bibb,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  12,  1816.       *  Elected  in  place  of 
Alfred  Cuthbert,  resigned ;  took  his  Beat  Jan.  23, 1817.       «  Resigned  in  1816. 


THE   FOURTEENTH  CONGRESS.  45 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Noble.1  |  Waller  Taylor.1 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  Hendricks.2 
i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  12, 1816.       2  Took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816. 

KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

William  T.  Barry.  1  I  Isham  Talbot. 

Martin  D.  Hardin.2 


James  Clark.8 
Henry  Clay. 


Joseph  Desna. 
Benjamin  Hardin. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Fletcher.5 
Richard  M.  Johnson. 
Almy  McLean. 
Samuel  Mclvee. 


Stephen  Ormsby. 
Solomon  P.  Sharpe. 
Micah  Taul. 


1  Resigned  in  1816.  *  Appointed  in  place  of  William  T.  Barry,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1816;  subsequently  elected 
by  legislature.  3  Resigned  in  1816.  *  Elected  speaker  Dec.  4,  1815.  »  Elected  in  place  of  James  Clark,  resigned:  took 
his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
James  Brown.  |  Eligius  Fromentin. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Thomas  B.  Robertson. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  H.  Goldsborough.  Robert  G.  Harper.2 

Alexander  Contee  Hanson.1 


Stevenson  Archer.  John  C.  Herbert.  Samuel  Smith.* 

George  Baer.  Peter  Little.3  Philip  Stuart. 

Charles  Goldsborough.  George  Peter.4  Robert  Wright. 

Alexander  C.  Hanson.1  William  Pinkney.6 

1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Robert  G.  Harper,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  2,  1817.  *  Elected  from  Jan.  29, 1R16,  to 
March  3, 1821 ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  5,  1816 ;  resigned  in  1810.  3  Elected  in  place  of  William  Pinkney,  resigned ;  took  his  seat 
Dec.  2,  1816.  «  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  C.  Hanson,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1816.  B  Took  his  seat 
Jan.  8, 1816 ;  resigned  in  1816,  Earing  been  appointed  minister  to  Russia.  «  Elected  in  place  of  Nicholas  R.  Moore,  resigned 
in  1815;  took  his  seat  Feb.  4, 1816. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Eli  P.  Ashmun.1  I  Joseph  B.  Varnum. 

Christopher  Gore.2 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Adams.8  John  W.  Hurlburt. 

William  Baylies.  Cyrus  King. 

George  Bradbury.  Elijah  H.  Mills. 

Elijah  Brigham.4  Jeremiah  Nelson. 

Benjamin  Brown.  Albion  K.  Parris. 

James  Carr.6  Timothy  Pickering. 

Samuel  S.  Conner.  John  Reed. 


Thomas  Rice. 
Nathaniel  Ruggles. 
Asahel  Stearns.6 
Solomon  Strong. 
Samuel  Taggert. 
Arternas  Ward.8 
Laban  Wheaton. 


i  Elected  in  place  of  Christopher  Gore,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816.       »  Resigned  in  1816. 
Elijah  Brigliam,  deceased:  tooklds  seat  Dec.  2, 1816.       *  Died  Feb.  22, 1816.       «  Took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816. 
Jan.  15, 1816. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Jeremiah  Mason.  I  Thomas  W.  Thompson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  H.  Atherton.  I  William  Hale.1  I  ESSi^ToSSS 

Bradbury  Cilley.  Roger  Vose.  Jonathan  Wilcor. 

»  Took  his  seat  Jan.  15, 1816.       »  Took  his  seat  Feb.  7, 1816. 


46 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Condit. 


Ezra  Baker. 
Ephraim  Bateman. 


James  J.  "Wilson. 


NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Bennett.1 
Lewis  Condict. 

1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  15, 1816.       2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1816. 


Henry  Southard. 
Thomas  Ward.2 


Rufus  King. 


Asa  Adgate. 
Daniel  A  very.1 
Samuel  R.  Betts. 
James  Birdsall. 
Victory  Birdseye. 
Micah  Brooks. 
Daniel  Cady. 
Archibald  S.  Clark.* 
Oliver  C.  Comstock. 
Henry  Crocheron. 


NEW   YORK. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  R.  Gold. 
Thomas  P.  Grosvenor. 
Jabez  D.  Hammond. 
William  Irving.8 
Moss  Kent. 
John  Lovett. 
Hosea  Moffitt. 
Peter  B.  Porter.4 
Erastus  Root.6 
John  Savage. 


Nathan  Sanford. 


Abraham  H.  Schenck. 
John  W.  Taylor. 
Enos  T.  Tliroop.6 
George  Townsend. 
Jonathan  Ward. 
Peter  H.  Wendover. 
James  W.  Wilkin. 
Westel  Willoughby,  jun.' 
John  B.  Yates. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Enos  T.  Throop,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1816.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Peter  B.  Porter,  resigned ; 
took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  181C.  »  Took  his  seat  Jan.  22,  1816.  *  Resigned  in  1816.  6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of 
John  Adams;  took  his  seat  Dec.  26, 1815.  •  Resigned  in  1816.  7  Successfully  contested  the  seat  of  William  S.  Smith;  took 
his  seat  Dec.  13, 1815. 


Nathaniel  Macon.1 
Montfort  Stokes.2 


Joseph  H.  Bryan. 
James  W.  Clark. 
John  Culpeper. 
Samuel  Dickens.4 
Weldon  N.  Edwards.6 
Daniel  M.  Forney. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Gaston. 
Charles  Hooksi^ 
William  R.  King.1? 
William  C.  Love. 
Nathaniel  Macon.1 
William  H.  Murfee. 


James  Turner.8 


Israel  Pickens. 
Richard  Stanford. 
Lewis  Williams. 
Bartlett  Yancey. 


1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Francis  Locke,  resigned  in  1815,  having  never  taken  his  seat ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  13,  1815. 
*  Elected  in  place  of  James  Turner,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  16,  1816.  3  Resigned  in  1816.  *  Elected  in  place  of 
Richard  Stanford,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816.  B  Elected  in  place  of  Nathaniel  Macon,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat 
Feb.  7,  1816.  «  Elected  in  place  of  William  R.  King,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2. 1816.  *  Resigned  in  1816.  «  Died 
April  9,  1816. 


Jeremiah  Morrow. 


John  Alexander. 
James  Caldwell. 
David  Clendenin. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Creighton,  jun. 
William  Henry  Harrison.1 
James  Kilbourn.2 


Benjamin  Ruggles. 


John  McLean.8 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  McLean,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816.       *  Took  his  seat  Jan.  29, 1817.       s  Resigned  in  1816. 


Abner  Lacock. 


Thomas  Burnside.1 
William  Crawford. 
William  Darlington. 
William  Findley.2 
Hugh  Glasgow. 
Isaac  Griffin. 
John  Hahn. 
Joseph  Ileiater. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Hopkinson. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham. 
Jared  Irwin. 
Aaron  Llyle. 
William  Maclay. 
William  P.  Maclay.8 
William  Milnor. 
William  Piper. 


Jonathan  Roberts. 


John  Ross. 
John  Sergeant. 
Thomas  Smith. 
James  Wallace. 
John  Whiteside. 
Thomas  Wilson. 
William  Wilson. 


Resigned  in  1816.       *  Took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Burnside,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1816. 


THE   FOURTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


47 


Jeremiah  B.  Howell. 


John  L.  Boss,  jun. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 


William  Hunter. 

James  B.  Mason. 


John  Gaillard.1 
William  Smith.2. 


John  C.  Calhoun. 
John  J.  Cliappell. 
Benjamin  Huger. 
William  Lownd.es. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

•  Charleston.  ! 

REPRESENTATI VES. 

William  Mayrant.4 
Henry  Middleton. 
Stephen  D.  Miller.s 
Thomas  Moore. 


John  Taylor.8 


John  Taylor. 
William  Woodward. 


President  pro  tern.;  re-elected  Dee.  2,  1816.        *  Elected  in  place  of  John  Taylor,  resigned-  took   his  seat  Jan   10   1817 
*  Resigned  in  1816.        *  Resigned  in  1816.       «  Elected  in  place  of  William  Mayrant,  resided ';  took  his  seat  Jan  2, 1817. 


George  W.  Campbell. 


William  G.  Blount.2 
Mertoii  Cannon. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

Bennett  H.  Henderson. 
Samuel  Powell. 


John  Williams.1 


James  B.  Reynolds. 
Isaac  Thomas. 


Elected  in  place  of  George  W.  Campbell,  resigned  in  1814;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1815.       s  Took  his  seat  Jan.  8, 1816. 


Dudley  Chace. 


Daniel  Chipman. 
Luther  Jewett. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Chauncey  Laugdon. 
Asa  Lyon. 


Isaac  Tichenor. 


Charles  Ma.rsh. 
John  Noyes. 


James  Barbour. 


Philip  B.  Barbour. 
Bunvell  Bassett. 
Jarnes  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
John  Clopton.2 
Thomas  Gholson.8 
Peterson  Goodwyn. 
Aylett  Hawes. 
John  P.  Hungerford. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  G.  Jackson. 
James  Johnson. 
John  Kerr. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jun. 
William  McCoy.4 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  M.  Nelson.5 
Thomas  Newton. 
James  Pleasants,  jun. 


Armistead  T.  Mason.1 


1  Elected  in  place  of  William  B.  Giles,  resigned  in  1815 ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  22,  1816. 
*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  Porterfield.  5  Elected  in  place  of  Thoma 
Dec.  4,  1816.  8  Elected  in  place  of  John  Clopton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  17, 1816. 


John  Randolph. 

William  H.  Roane. 

Daniel  Sheffey. 

Ballard  Smith. 

Magnus  Tate. 

Henry  St.  George  Tucker. 

JohnTyler.e 


s  Died  in  1816.       3  Died  in  1816. 
Gholson,  deceased;  took  Ms  seat 


Nathaniel  Pope.1 


ILLINOIS  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATES. 

| 
»  Took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1816. 


Benjamin  Stephenson. 


INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jonathan  Jennings. 


48 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  Lattimore. 

MISSOURI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 

Eufus  Easton.  |  John  Scott.1 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1816:  his  election  was  contested  by  Eufus  Easton,  and  declared  illegal,  and  seat  vacant  Jan.  13, 1817. 


THE  FIFTEENTH  CONGKESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1817,  to  April  20, 1818.     Second  Session,  from  Nov.  16, 1818,  to  March  3, 1819. 


Vice-President. — DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  of  New  York.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  JOHN  GAILLARD 
of  South  Carolina,  again  elected  March  31,  1818 ;  JAMES  BARBOUR  of  Virginia,  elected  Feb.  15,  1819.  Secretary 
of  the  Senate. — CHARLES  CUTTS  of  New  Hampshire. 

Speaker  of  the  House. —HENRY  CLAY  of  Kentucky.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  THOMAS  DOUGHERTY  of  Ken 
tucky. 


David  Daggett. 


Sylvester  Gilbert.2 
Uriel  Holmes.8 
Ebenezer  Huntingdon. 


CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

I 
EEPEESENTATIVES. 

Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin: 
Samuel  B.  Sherwood. 


Samuel  W.  Dana.1 


Nathaniel  Terry. 
Thomas  S.  Williams. 


Took  his  seat  April  9, 1818.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Uriel  Holmes,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  16, 1818.       »  Resigned  in  1818. 


Willard  Hall. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATOES. 

Outerbridge  Horsey.  |  Nicholas  Van  Dyke. 

EEPEESENTATIVES. 

I  Louis  McLane. 


John  Forsyth.1 
Charles  Tait. 


Joel  Abbott. 
Thomas  W.  Cobb. 
Zadock  Cook. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATOES. 


EEPEESENTATIVES. 

Joel  Crawford. 
John  Forsyth.1 
Robert  Raymond  Reed.8 


George  M.  Troup.3 


William  Terrill. 


1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  George  M.  Troup,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  23, 1818;  resigned  February,  1819.       *  Eesigned 
hi  1819.       »  Elected  hi  place  of  John  Forsyth,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Feb.  18,  1819. 


THE  FIFTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


49 


Ninian  Edwards.1 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  McLean.1 
1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1818. 


Jesse  B.  Thomas.1 


James  Noble. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  Hendricks. 


Waller  Taylor. 


John  J.  Crittenden. 


Bichard  C.  Anderson,  jun. 
Henry  Clay.1 
Joseph  Desha. 
Richard  M.  Johnson. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Anthony  New. 
Tunstall  Quarles,  jun. 
George  Robertson. 
Thomas  Speed. 

1  Elected  speaker  Dec.  1, 1817. 


Isham  Talbot. 


David  Trimble. 
David  Walker. 


Eligius  Fromentin. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  Johnson.1 


Thomas  Butler.2  |  Thomas  B.  Robertson.  * 

1  Elected  in  place  of  William  C.  C.  Claiborne,  deceased  in  1817,  having  never  taken  his  seat;  took  his  seat  Feb.  26,  1818. 
2  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  B.  Robertson,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  16, 1818.       8  Resigned  in  1818. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Robert  H.  Goldsborough. 


Alexander  C.  Hanson.1 


Thomas  Bayley. 
Thomas  Culbreth. 
John  C.  Herbert. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Peter  Little. 
George  Peter. 
Philip  Reed. 
*  Took  his  seat  Nov.  17, 1818. 


Samuel  Ringgold. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Philip  Stuart. 


Eli  P.  Ashmun.1 
Prentiss  Mellen.2 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Harrison  Gray  Otis. 


Benjamin  Adams. 
Samuel  C.  Allen. 
Walter  Folger,  jun. 
Timothy  Fuller.® 
Joshua  Gage. 
John  Holmes. 
Enoch  Lincoln.4 

1  Resigned  in  1818.       *  Elected  in 
Jan.  2,  1818.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Alt 

6     "RoCirrrna/1    \-r\    1Q1O                     1     T'.-wvli-    V»in    f,nn4-     Tnn 

Jonathan  Mason. 
Elijah  H.  Mills.* 
Marcus  Morton. 
Jeremiah  Nelson. 
Benjamin  Orr. 
Albion  K.  Parris.6 
Thomas  Rice.7 

place  of  Eli  P.  Ashmun,  resigned;  took 
ion  K.  Parris,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Noi 

O-l      1Q1Q               ft    TVv,-»L-  liia  caaf-  -Ta-n     9ft     1  ft1  ft 

Nathaniel  Ruggles. 
Zabdiel  Sampson. 
Henry  Shaw. 
Nathaniel  Silsbee. 
Solomon  Strong. 
Ezekiel  Whitman. 
John  Wilson.8 

liis  seat  Nov.  16,  1818.       *  Took  his  seat 
r.  16,  1818.       •  Took  hia  seat  Feb.  3,  1818. 

Resigned  in  1818.       *  Took  his  seat  Jan.  21, 1818.       8  Took  his  seat  Jan.  26, 1818. 


Walter  Leake.1 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

I 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  Poindexter. 

t  Took  his  seat  Dec.  11, 1817. 


Thomas  H.  Williams.1 


50 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Jeremiah  Mason.1 
David  L.  Morrill. 


Josiah  Butler. 
Clifton  Claggett. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Salma  Hale. 
Arthur  Livermore. 


Clement  Storer.2 


John  F.  Parrott. 
Nathaniel  Upharn. 


1  Resigned  in  1817.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Jeremiah  Mason,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1817. 


NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
Mahlon  Dickerson.  |  James  J.  Wilson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ephraim  Bateman. 
Benjamin  Bennett. 


Joseph  Bloom  field. 
Charles  Kiiisey. 


John  Linn. 
Henry  Southard. 


Rufus  King. 


Oliver  C.  Comstock. 
Daniel  Cruger. 
John  P.  Cushman. 
John  R.  Drake. 
Benjamin  Ellicott. 
Josiah  Ilasbrouck. 
John  Herkhner. 
Thomas  H.  Hubbard. 
"William  Irving. 


NEW    YORK. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Dorrance  Kirtland. 
Thomas  Lawyer. 
David  A.  Ogden.1 
John  Palmer. 
James  Porter. 
John  Savage. 
Philip  J.  Sehuyler. 
Treadwell  Scudder. 
John  C.  Spencer. 

1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  8, 1818. 


Nathan  Sanlord. 


Henry  R.  Storrs. 
James  Tallmadge,  jun. 
John  W.  Taylor. 
Caleb  Tompkins. 
George  Townsend. 
Peter  II.  Wcndover. 
llcnsselaer  Westerlo. 
James  W.  Wilkins. 
Isaac  Williams. 


Nathaniel  Macon. 


Joseph  H.  Bryan. 
William  Davidson.1 
Wehlen  N.  Edwards. 
Charles  Fisher.2 
Daniel  M.  Forney.8 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

Thomas  H.  Hall. 
George  Mumford.4 
James  Owen. 
Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Thomas  Settle. 


Montford  Stokes. 


Jesse  Slocumb. 
James  S.  Smith. 
James  Stewart.5 
Felix  Walker. 
Louis  Williams. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  M.  Forney,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1818.       *  Elected  in  place  of  George  Mumford,  deceased; 
took  his  seat  Feb.  11, 1819.       a  Resigned  in  1818.        *  Died  Dec.  31, 1818.        6  Took  bis  seat  Jan.  26, 1818. 


Jeremiah  Morrow. 


Leyi  Barber. 
Philemon  Beecher. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  W.  Campbell. 
William  Henry  Harrison. 
1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  C.  Hammond. 


Benjamin  Ruggles. 


Samuel  Herrick.1 
Peter  Hitchcock. 


Abner  Lacock. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jonathan  Roberts. 


William  Anderson. 
Henry  Baldwin. 
Andrew  Boden. 
Isaac  Darlington. 
Joseph  Heister. 
Joseph  Hopkinson. 
Jacob  Hostctter.1 
Samuel  D.  Ingham.2 
'William  Maclay. 


"William  P.  Maclay. 
David  Marchaud. 
Robert  Moore. 
Samuel  Moore.3 
John  Murray. 
Alexander  Ogle. 
Thomas  Patterson. 
Levi  Pawling. 
Thomas  J.  Rogers.4 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Jacob  Spangler,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  16,  1818.  2  Resigned  in  1818.  3  Elected  in  place  of 
Samuel  D.  lnghain.  resigned;  took  Inn  sent  Nov.  10, 1U18.  *  Elected  in  place  of  John  Ross,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  24, 
1818.  o  Reigned  hi  1818.  »  Resigned  hi  1S18. 


John  Ross.6 
John  Sergeant. 
Adam  Seybert. 
Jacob  Spangler.8 
Christian  Tarr. 
James  M.  AVallace. 
John  Whiteside. 
William  Wilson. 


THE    FIFTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


51 


James  Burrill,  jun. 


John  L.  Boss,  jun. 


EHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

I 
1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  9,  1818. 


William  Hunter. 

James  B.  Mason.1 


John  Gaillard.1 


Joseph  Bellinger. 
Elias  Earle. 
James  Ervin. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  Lowndes. 
Henry  Middlcton. 
Stephen  1).  Miller. 


William  Smith. 


President  pro  tern.       2  Took  his  seat  Feb.  9, 1818 ;  re-elected  March  31, 1818. 


Wilson  Nesbitt. 
Eldred  Simkins.2 
Sterling  Tucker. 


George  W.  Campbell.1 
John  Henry  Eaton.2 


William  G.  Blount. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 


John  Williams. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  Hogg. 
Francis  Jones. 


George  W.  L.  Marr. 
John  Ithea. 


Resigned  in  1818.       *  Appointed  in  place  of  George  W.  Campbell,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  16, 1818. 


Hem  an  Allen.4 
Samuel  C.  Crafts. 

1  Resigned  in  1817. 


Dudley  Chace.1 
James  Fisk.2 


VEEMONT. 
SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Hunter. 
Orsainus  C.  Merrill. 


William  A.  Palmer.8 
Isaac  Tichenor. 


Charles  Rich. 
Mark  Richards. 


*  Elected  in  place  of  Dudley  Chace,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1817 ;  resigned  in  1818. 
place  of  James  Fisk,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  16, 1818.       *  Resigned  in  1818. 


8  Elected  in 


James  Barbour.1 


Archibald  Austin. 
William  Lee  Ball. 
Philip  1*.  Barbour. 
Burwell  Bassett. 
AVilliam  A.  Bur\vell. 
Edward  Colston. 
John  Floyd. 
Robert  S.  Garnett. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern. 
Mason. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Peterson  Goodwin.2 
James  Johnson. 
William  J.  Lewis. 
William  McCoy. 
Charles  F.  Mercer.8 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  M.  Nelson. 
Thomas  Newton. 


John  W.  Eppes. 


John  Pejjram.4 
James  Pindall. 
James  Pleasants. 
Ballard  Smith. 
Alexander  Smyth. 
George  F.  Strother. 
Henrv  St.  George  Tucker. 
John  Tyler. 


Feb.  15,  1819.       s  Died  Feb.  21,  1813.       »  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Armistead  T. 
4  Elected  in  place  of  Peterson  Goodwin,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  16, 1818. 


ALABAMA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

John  Crowell.1 

*  Took  his  seat  March  9, 1818. 

ILLINOIS   TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Nathaniel  Pope. 

MISSOURI  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 
John  Scott. 


52  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  SIXTEENTH  CONGEESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1819,  to  May  15,  1820.     Second  Session,  from  Nov.  13, 1820,  to  March  3,  1821. 


Vice-President. —  DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  of  New  York.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  JAMES 
BARBOUR  of  Virginia;  JOHN  GAILLARD  of  South  Carolina,  elected  Jan.  25,  1820.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.—' 
CHARLES  CUTTS  of  New  Hampshire. 

Speakers  of  the  House.— HENRY  CLAY  of  Kentucky;  JOHN  W.  TAYLOR  of  New  York,  elected  Nov.  15, 1820. 
Clerk  of  the  House.  — THOMAS  DOUGHERTY  of  Kentucky. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

"William  R.  King.* Cahawba.  |  John  W.  Walker  2 Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Crowell 2 St.  Stephen's. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  22, 1819.       2  Took  his  seat  Dec.  14, 1819. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
Samuel  W.  Dana Middletown.  I  James  Lanman Norwich. 


Henry  W.  Edwards. .  .New  Haven. 

Samuel  A.  Foot Cheshire. 

JonathanO.  Moseley,  EastHaddam. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elisha  Phelps Simsbury. 

John  Ross Hartford. 

James  Stevens Stamford. 


Gideon  Tomlinson Fairfield. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Outerbridge  Horsey Wilmington.  |  Nicholas  Van  Dyke New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Willard  Hall Dover.  |  Louis  McLane Wilmington. 

GEORGIA. 

.  SENATORS. 

John  Elliott Sunbury.  |  Freeman  Walker1 Augusta. 


Joel  Abbott Washington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Joel  Crawford Milledge ville.  I  Robert  R.  Reid Augusta. 


Thomas  W.  Cobb Lexington.    John  A.  Cuthbert Eatonton.  |  William  Terrill Sparta. 

*  Elected  hi  place  of  John  Porsyth,  resigned  in  1819;  took  his  seat  Dec.  15, 1819. 

y  *."''•'      ...••*'• 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Ninian  Edwards Edward  sville.  |  Jesse  B.  Thomas Edwardsville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Daniel  P.  Cook .  .Kaskaskia. 


THE   SIXTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


53 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 
James  Noble Brookville.  |  Waller  Taylor 

REPRESENTATIVE. 


.Vincennes. 


"William  Hendricks. 


.Madison. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson  1 Great  Crossing.  |  Isham  Talbot 3 

"William  Logan  2 


.Frankfort. 


Richard  C.  Anderson,  jr.  .Louisville. 

"William  Brown Cynthiana. 

Henry  Clay4 Lexinucton. 

Benjamin  Hardin Bairdstown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Francis  Johnson5  .  .Bowling  Green. 

Alney  McLean Greenville. 

Thomas  Metcalfe Carlisle. 

Thomas  Montgomery  6. . .  .Stanford. 


Tunstall  Quarles  1  ....... 

George  Robertson  ........  Lancaster. 

David  Trimble  .......  Montsterling. 

* 


David  Walker* 


*  Elected  in  place  of  John  J.  Crittenden,  resigned  in  1819;  took  his  seat  Jan.  3, 1820.        2  Resigned  in  1820 
place  of^ymiam  Jxjgan,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  27,  1820.       «  Elected  speaker  Dec.  6,  " 


»  Elected  in 


°f 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
James  Brown.  ...,,,. New  Orleans.  |  Henry  Johnson. 


.  Donaldsonville. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Thomas  Butler St.  FrancisviUe. 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

John  Chandler  1 Monmouth.  |  John  Holmes  * Falmouth. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  Dane  2 Kennebunk. 

1  Took  his  seat  Nov.  13, 1820.        2  Elected  in  place  of  John  Holmes,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  11, 1820. 


Edward  Lloyd 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
.Easton.  |  William  Pinkney 


.  Baltimore. 


Stevenson  Archer Belle  Air. 

Thomas  Bayley Princess  Anne. 

Thomas  Culbreth Denton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Kent Bladensbnrg. 

Peter  Little Freedom. 

Raphael  Neale Leonard  Town. 


Samuel  Ringgold Hagerstown. 

Samuel  Smith Baltimore. 

Henry  R.  Warn  eld Middlebury. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  C.  Hanson,  died  in  1819 ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  4, 1820. 


Prentiss  Mellen  1 

Elijah  H.  Mills  2 , .  .Northampton. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Harrison  Gray  Otis. 


.Boston. 


Benjamin  Adams "Oxbridge. 

Samuel  C.  Allen Northfield. 

Joshua  Cushman 

Edward  Dowse  8 

William  Eustis  4 Boston. 

"Walter  Folger,  jun Nantucket. 

Timothy  Fuller Boston. 

Benjamin  Garham  5 Boston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Mark  L.  Hill 

Aaron  Hobart 6 

John  Holmes  "> 

Jonas  Kendall Leominster. 

Martin  Kinsley 

Samuel  Lathrop W.  Springfield. 

Enoch  Lincoln 

Jonathan  Mason  8. . . 


Marcus  Morton Taunton. 

Jeremiah  Nelson Newburyport. 

James  Parker 

Zabdiel  Sampson  9. . . 

Henry  Shaw Lanesborough. 

Nathaniel  Silsbee Salem. 

Ezekiel  Whitman 


1  Resigned  in  1820.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Prentiss  Mellen,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1820.       »  Resigned  in  1820. 
«  Elected  in  place  of  Edward  Dowse,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  13,  1820.       «  Elected  in  place  of  Jonathan  Mason,  resigned: 
took  his  seat  Nov.  27,  1820.        °  Elected  in  place  of  Zabdiel  Sampson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  18,  1820. 
in  1820.        s  Resigned  in  1S20.       »  Resigned  in  1820. 


54  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

David  Holmes l Washington.  |  Thomas  H.  Williams. 

Walter  Leake  2 


.Washington. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Christopher  Rankin Natchez. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Walter  Leake,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  13,  1820.       2  Resigned  in  1820. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

David  L.  Morril Goffstown.  [  John  F.  Parrott. 

RE  PRESENTATIVES. 


.Portsmouth. 


Joseph  Buffum,  jr.  .Westmoreland. 
Josiah  Butler S.  Deerlield. 


Clifton  Claggett Amherst.  I  William  Plumer,  jun Epping. 

Arthur  Livermore Plymouth.  |  Nathaniel  Upham Rochester. 


NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

Mahlon  Dickerson Suckasunny.  |  James  J.  Wilson  2. 

Samuel  L.  Southard 1 


.Trenton. 


Ephraim  Bateman Cedarville. 

Joseph  Bloornfield Burlington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Kinsey  3 Patterson. 

John  Linn  4 Monroe. 


Elected  in  place  of  James  J.   Wilson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  16,    1821. 

Feb.  16,  1820.        *  Died  Jan.  5, 1821. 


Bernard  Smith New  Brunswick. 

Henry  Southard Baskingridge. 

2  Resigned  in  1821.       s  Took  his  seat 


Rufus  King. 


Nathaniel  Allen. 
Caleb  Baker. 
Walter  Case. 
Robert  Claik. 
Jacob  H.  DeWitt. 
John  D.  Dickinson. 
John  Fay. 
William  D.  Ford. 
Ezra  C.  Gross. 


NEW   YORK. 
SENATORS. 

I 


James  Guyon,  jun.1 
Aaron  Hackley,  jun. 
George  Hall. 
Joseph  S.  Lyman. 
Henry  Meigs. 
Robert  Morrell. 
Harmanus  Pec'k. 
Nathaniel  Pitcher. 
Jonathan  Richmond. 


1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Ebenezer  Sage;  took  his  seat  Jan.  14,  1820. 

of  Ileiiry  Clay,  resigned. 


Nathan  Sanf  ord. 


Henry  R.  Storrs. 
Randall  A.  Street. 
James  Strong. 
John  W.  Taylor.2 
Caleb  Tompkins. 
Albert  H.  Tracey. 
Solomon  Van  Rensselaer. 
Peter  H.  Weadover. 
Silas  Wood. 

2  Elected  speaker  Nov.  15,  1820,  in  place 


Nathaniel  Macon. 


William  S.  Blackledge.1 
Hutchins  G.  Burton. 
John  Culpeper. 
William  Davidson. 
Weldon  N.  Edwards. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Fisher. 
Thomas  H.  Hall. 
Charles  Hooks. 
Lemuel  Sawyer.2 
Thomas  Settle. 


Mountfort  Stokes. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Jesse  Slocumb,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Feb.  7,  1821. 

Dec.  20,  1820. 


Jesse  Slocumb.  8 
James  S.  Smith. 
Felix  Walker. 
Lewis  Williams. 


2  Took  his  seat  March  25,  1820.       »  Died 


Benjamin  Ruggles. 


Philemon  Beecher. 
Henry  Brush. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  W.  Campbell. 
Samuel  Herrick. 


William  A.  Trimble. 


Thomas  R.  Ross. 
John  Sloan. 


Walter  Lowrie. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 


Jonathan  Roberts. 


THE   SIXTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


Henry  Baldwin. 
Andrew  Boden. 
William  Darlington. 
George  Dennison. 
Samuel  Edwards. 
Thomas  Forrest. 
David  Fullerton.1 
Samuel  Gross. 
Joseph  Heister.2 

1  Resigned  in  1820.        *  Resigned  in  1820. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Hemphill. 
Jacob  Hibohman. 
Jacob  Hostetter. 
William  P..Maclay. 
David  Marc-hand. 
Thomas  G.  MeCnHough.8 
Robert  Moore. 
Samuel  Moore. 
John  Murray. 


Thomas  Patterson. 
Robert  Philson. 
Thomas  J.  Rogers. 
John  Sergeant. 
Christian  Tarr. 
Daniel  Udree.4 
James  M.  Wallace. 


seat 


James  Burrill,  jun.1 
William  Hunter. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Nehemiah  R.  Knight.2 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Samuel  Eddy.  ,  Nathaniel  Hazard.s 

Died  Dec.  25, 1820.       *  Elected  in  place  of  James  BurriU,  jun. ,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  20, 1820.       »  Died  Dec.  17, 1820. 


Joseph  Brevard. 
Elias  Earle. 
James  Ervin. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

John  Gaillard.i  |  William  Smith. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Lowndes.  Charles  Pinckney. 

John  McCreary.  Eldred  Simkins. 

James  Overstreet.  Sterling  Tucker. 
Elected  president  pro  tern.  Jan.  25, 1820. 


John  Henry  Eaton. 


Robert  Allen. 
Henry  H.  Bryan. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Newton  Cannon. 
John  Cocke. 


John  Williams. 


Francis  Jones. 
John  Rhea. 


William  A.  Palmer. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


Isaac  Tichenor. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Rollin  C.  Mallory.2  William  Strong. 

Charles  Rich. 
Mark  Richards. 

1  Election  successfully  contested  by  Rollin  C.  Mallory.        2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Orasmus  C.  Merrill;  took  bia 

seat  Jan.  14, 1820. 


Samuel  C.  Crafts. 
Ezra  Meech. 
Orasmus  C.  Merrill.  1 


James  Barbour.1 


Mark  Alexander. 
William  S.  Archer.8 
William  Lee  Ball. 
Philip  P.  Barbour. 
William  A.  Burwell.4 
John  Floyd. 
Robert  S.  Garnett. 
John  C.  Gray.5 
Edward  B.  Jackson.6 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

I 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Johnson.? 
James  Jones. 
William  McCoy. 
Charles  F.  Mercer. 
Thomas  L.  Moore.8 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  Newton. 
Severn  E.  Parker. 
James  Pindall.9 


James  Pleasants.2 


James  Pleasants.10 
John  Randolph. 
Ballard  Smith. 
Alexander  Smyth. 
George  F.  Strother.11 
George  Tucker. 
John  Tyler. 

Thomas  Van  Swearingeu. 
Jared  Williams. 


1  President  pro  tern.  2  Elected  in  place  of  John  \V.  Eppcs,  resigned  in  1819;  took  his  scat  Dec.  14,  1819.  »  Elected  in 
place  of  James  Pleasants,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  18,  lf-20.  *  Died  Fob.  10, 1821.  6  Elected  in  place  of  James  Johnson, 
resigned ;  took  liis  seat  Nov.  13,  1820.  «  Elected  in  place  of  James  Pindall,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  13.  1820.  7  Resigned 
1111820.  8  Elected  in  place  of  George  F.  Strother,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Nov.  13, 18i;0.  8  Resigned  in  Ib20.  I(>  Resigned  in 
11  Resigned  in  1820. 


1819. 


56  CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

James  Woodson  Bates.1 
*  Took  his  seat  March  2, 1820. 

MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 
Solomon  Sibley.1  |  William  "W.  "Woodbridge.2 

1  Elected  in  place  of  William  W.  Woodbridge,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  20,  1820.       *  Took  his  seat  Dec.  10,  1819;  resigned 

in  1820. 

MISSOURI  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 
John  Scott. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1821,  to  May  8,  1822.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1823. 


Vice-President. — DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  of  New  York.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — JOHN  GAIL- 
LARD  of  South  Carolina;  again  elected  Feb.  1,  1822;  and  again  elected  Feb.  19,  1823.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  — 
CHARLES  CUTTS  of  New  Hampshire. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  PHILIP  P.  BAKBOUR  of  Virginia.  Clerks  of  the  House. — THOMAS  DOUGHERTY  of 
Kentucky;  MATTHEW  ST.  CLAIH  CLARKE  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  Dec.  3,  1822. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 


William  Kelly 


John  W.  Walker  2 Huntsville. 


William  R.  King Cahawba. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Gabriel  Moore 

*  Elected  in  place  of  John  W.  Walker,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  21, 1823.       '  Resigned  in  1822. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Elijah  Boardman Litchfield.  |  James  Lanman Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Noyes  Barber Groton. 

Daniel  Burrows Hebron. 

Heury  W.  Edwards. .  .New  Haven. 


John  Russ Hartford. 

Ansel  Sterling Sharon. 

Ebenezer  Stoddard Woodstock. 


Gideon  Tomlinson Fairfield. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Caesar  A.  Rodney  1 Wilmington.  |  Nicholas  Van  Dyke New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Louis  McLane Wilmington.  |  Caesar  A.  Rodney J Wilmington.  |  Daniel  Rodney  a  ..,,,,. 

1  Elected  senator,  and  took  his  seat  Jan.  24,  1822;   resigned  in  1823,  having  been  appointed   minister  to  Buenos  Ayres. 
2  Elected  in  place  of  Cajsar  A.  Rodney,  elected  senator ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1822. 


THE  SEVENTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


57 


GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  Elliott Sunbury  |  Nicholas  "Ware  * Richmond. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joel  Abbott Washington.    George  R.  Gibner Lexington. 

Robert  R.  Reid Augusta. 


Alfred  Cuthbert, 


Edward  F.  Tattnall Savannah. 

Wiley  Thompson Ellerton. 


Elected  in  place  of  Freeman  Walker,  resigned  in  1821 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  11, 1821. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Ninian  Edwards Edwardsville.  |  Jesse  B.  Thomas Edwanlsville* 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Daniel  P.  Cook Edwaidsyille. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Noble Brookville.  I  Waller  Taylor 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  Hendricks l Madison.  |  Jonathan  Jennings  2 

*  Resigned  in  1822.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Hendricks,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1822. 


Vincennes. 


Richard  M.  Johnson. 


James  D.  Breckenridge. . . 

Benjamin  Hardin Bairdstown. 

Francis  Johnson . .  .Bowling  Green. 
John  T.  Johnson Georgetown. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.Great  Crossings.  |  Isham  Talbot..., 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Metcalf e Carlisle. 

Thomas  Montgomery Stanford. 

Anthony  New Elkton. 

John  S.  Smith Richmond. 


.Frankfort. 


David  Trimble Mount  Sterling. 

Samuel  H.  Woodson  . . .  Lexington. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
James  Brown New  Orleans.  |  Henry  Johnson Donaldsonville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Josiah  S.  Johnson Alexandria. 

MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

John  Chandler Monmouth.  |  John  Holmes Alfred, 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joshua  Cushman Winslow. 

Joseph  Dane Kennebunk. 

Mark  Harris l Portland. 


Ebenezer  Herrick Lewiston. 

Mark  L.  Hill Phipsburg. 

Enoch  Lincoln Paris. 


Ezekiel  Whitman  2 Portland. 

William  D.  Williamson Bangor. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Ezekiel  Whitman,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1822.       *  Resigned  in  1822. 


MARYLAND. 


Edward  Lloyd Easton. 

William  Pinkney l Baltimore. 


SENATORS. 

Samuel  Smith  2. 


.Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Bayly Princess  Ann. 

Jeremiah  Causden^ Elkton. 

Joseph  Kent Bladensburg. 

Peter  Little Freedom. 

1  Died  Feb 
successfully  c< 
*  Successfully 


Isaac  McKim  4 

Raphael  Neale Leonardstown. 

John  Nelson Frederick  Town. 

Philip  Reed5 


Samuel  Smith  2 Baltimore. 

Henry  R.  Warfield Middleburg. 

Robert  Wright Queenstown. 


»  Election 
.  8,  1823. 


58 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


James  Lloyd l 

Elijah  H.  Mills Northampton. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Harrison  Gray  Otis  2 


.Boston. 


Samuel  C.  Allen Northfield. 

Gideon  Barsto\v Salem. 

Francis  Baylies Taunton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Eustis Boston. 

Timothy  Fuller Boston. 

Benjamin  Gorliani Boston. 


Louis  Bieelow Petersham.    Aaron  Hobart Hanover. 

Henry  W.  Dwight Stockbridge.    Samuel  Lathrop  .  .West  Springlield. 


Jeremiah  Nelson  . . . .  Ne  \v  bury  port. 

John  Reed Yarmouth, 

Jonathan  Russell Mendon. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1822.       2  Resigned  in  1822. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
David  Holmes Washington.  I  Thomas  H.  Williams Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Christopher  Rankin Natchez. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

David  Barton St.  Louis,  j  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  Scott St.  Genevieve. 

NEW    IIAMPSIIIEE. 
SENATORS. 

David  L.  Morrill Goffstown.  |  John  F.  Parrott Portsmouth. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Josiah  Butler S.  Deerfield.     Aaron  Matson Keene.    Nathaniel  Upham Rochester. 

Matthew  Harvey Hopkinton.     William  Plumer,  jun Epping.    Thomas  Whipple,  jun. .  Wentworth. 

NEW  JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Mahlon  Dickerson Suckasunuy.  |  Samuel  L.  Southard < Trenton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ephraim  Bateman Lendsville.     Lewis  Condit Morristown.     James  Matlack Woodbury. 

George  Cassady Hackensack.     George  Holcombe Allentown.     Samuel  Swan Soraerville. 

NEW    YOEK. 
SENATORS. 

Rufus  King New  York.  |  Martin  Van  Buren Albany. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Charles  Borland,  jr.1 .  Wardsbridge.  Elisha  Litclifield Delphi.  John  W.  Taylor. .  .Ballston  Springs. 

Churchill  C.  Cambreleng.  .X.  York.  Richard  M'Carty Coxsacbie.    Albert  H.  Tracy Buffalo. 

Samuel  Campbell Columbus.  John  J.  Morgan New  York.  Stephen  Van  Rensselaer3.  .Albany. 

Cadwallader  D.  Colden2 .  .N.  York.  Walter  Patterson Livingston.  Solomon  Van  Rensseiaer4  .Albany. 

Alfred  Conkling Canajoharie.  Jeremiah  H.  1'ierson  ...  William  W.  Van  Wyck  ..  .Fislikiil. 

John  D  Dickerson Troy.  Nathaniel  Pitcher Sandy  Hill.  Reuben  H.  Wai  worth  .  .  Plattsburg. 

John  Gebhard Scohane.  William  P>.  Rochester Bath.    Silas  Wood Huntingdon. 

John  Hawkes Richfield.  Charles  H.  Haggles Kingston.    David  Woodcock Ithaca. 

Thomas  H.  Hubbard Hamilton.  Elijah  Spencer 

Joseph  Kirkland Utica.  Micah  Sterling Watertown. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Selali  Tuthill,  deceased  in  1S21 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3.1S21.  2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of 
Peter  Sharpe;  took  his  seat  Dec.  12,  1821.  »  Elected  in  place  of  Solomon  Van  Rensselaer,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  12, 
1822.  *  Resigned  Jan.  14, 1822. 


Nathaniel  Macon 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
..Monroe.  I  Montfort  Stokes. 


.Wilkesborough. 


William  S.  Blackledge  . .  .Newborn. 

Hutchins  G.  Burton Halifax. 

Henry  Conner Falls  Town. 

Josiali  Crudnp Raleigh. 

Weldou  N.  Edwards. .  .Warrenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Hall Tarborough. 

Charles  Hooks Dupliii  C.  H. 

John  Lon-; Lindlv's  Store. 

Archibald  M<:Neill. .  .M'Nill'a  Store. 
Romulus  Sanders Milton. 


Lemuel  Sawyer Elizabeth  City. 

Felix  Walker Waynesvillo. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


THE  SEVENTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


Ethan  Allen  Brown  * 

Benjamin  Ruggles St.  Clairsville. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

William  A.  Trimble  " . 


Levi  Barber Point  Hanner. 

John  W.  Campbell West  Union. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Chambers Zanesville. 

Thomas  II.  Ross Lebanon. 


John  Sloan Wooster. 

John  Vance Urbaua. 


i  Elected  in  place  of  William  A.  Trimble,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  15,  1822.        2  Died  Dec.  13,  1821. 


William  Findley. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

.Franklinton.  |  Walter  Lowrie . 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  Baldwin  l Pittsburg.  |  Walter  Forward  3 

John  Brown Lewistown.  j  Samuel  Cross 

James  Buchanan Lancaster.    Joseph  Hemphill  . . . 


William  Darlington  .West  Chester. 

George  Denison Wilkesbarre. 

Samuel  Edwards Chester. 

Patrick  Fenelly Meadville. 

Jolm  Findley Chambersburg. 

Thomas  Forrest2 


Samuel  I).  Ingham4. 

James  M. 'Sherry 

William  Milnor5. . . 


Trap. 

.Philadelphia. 

. . .  Petersburg. 
Philadelphia. 


James  S.  Mitchell Rossville. 

Samuel  Moore  6 Doylestown. 

Thomas  Murray,  jun .Milton. 


.Butler. 


Thomas  Patterson  .W.  Middletown. 

John  Phillips Hnmmelstown. 

George  Plumer Ilobbstown. 

Thomas  J.  Rogers Easton. 

John  Sergeant Philadelphia. 

Andrew  Stewart Union  town. 

John  Tod Bedford. 

Daniel  Udree " 

Ludwig  Worman8 Potstown. 


1  Resigned  in  1822.        2  Elected  in  place  of  William  Milnor,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Deo.  2,  1822.        s  Elected  in  place  of 
Hemy  Baldwin,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1822.        4  Elected  in     ' 
1822.       6  Resigned  in  1822.       «  Resigned  in  1S22.        t  Elected  ii 
1822.        »  Died  in  1822. 


icled  in  place  of  Samuel  Moore,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 
3d  in  place  of  Ludwig  Worman,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  23, 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
James  D'Wolf Bristol.  |  Nehemiah  R.  Knight Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Job  Dnrfee Tiverton.  |  Samuel  Eddy Providence. 


John  Gaillard1. 


James  Blair2 Camden. 

John  Carter  3 

Joseph  Gist Pinckneyville. 

Andrew  11.  Go  van  4  . 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Pendleton.  |  William  Smith . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Hamilton,  jun.5 . . . 

William  Lowndes  6 

George  M'Dufiie Edgeneld. 

Thomas  R.  Mitchell  . .  .Georgetown. 


.Pinckneyville. 


James  Overstreet T King  Creek. 

Joel  R.  Poinsett Charleston. 

Sterling  Tucker  .  .Mountain  Shoals. 
John  Wilson Golden  Grove. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Feb.  1,  1822,  and  Feb.  19,  1823.        2  Resigned  in  1822.        *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Blair, 

,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1822.       «  Elected 


resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  11, 1822.        4  Elected  in  place  of  James  Overstreet. 

in  place  of  William  Lowndes,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  G,  1823.        °  Resigned  in  1822. 


Died  in  1822. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

John  Henry  Eaton Nashville.  |  Jolm  Williams Knoxville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  Allen Carthage.  I  Newton  Cannon Harpeth.  I  Francis  Jones Winchester. 

Henry  H.  Bryan* Palmyra.  |  Jolm  Cocke Rutledge.  |  Jolm  Rhea Sulivan. 

1  Reported  to  have  been  duly  elected  by  the  committee  on  elections  Feb.  17,  1823;  but  appears  never  to  have  taken  his  seat. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Danville.  |  Horatio  Seymour . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  C.  Crafts Graf tsbury.     Rollin  C.  Mallory Poultney. 

Elias  Key es Stockbridge.     Jolm  Mattocks 


William  A.  Palmer. 


.Middlebnry. 


Charles  Rich Shoreham. 

Phineas  White Putney. 


60 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


James  Barbour Barbomsville. 

James  Pleasants l Goochland  C.  H. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  Tavlor  2. 


Mark  Alexander .  Lombardy  Grove. 
"William  S.  Archer. . .  .Amelia  C.  H. 

William  Lee  Ball Nuttsville. 

Philip  P.  Barbour8  . .  .Lucketsville. 

Burwell  Bassett Williamsburg. 

John  Floyd Newbern. 

Robert  S.^Garnett Lloyds. 

Edward  B.  Jackson Clarksburg, 

James  Jones Hendersonvilje. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jabez  Leftwich Liberty. 

William  M'Coy Franklin. 

Charles  F.  Mercer Alclie. 

Thomas  L.  Moore Warrenton. 

Hugh  Nelson Milton. 

Thomas  Newton Norfolk. 

John  Randolph Charlotte  C.  H. 

Arthur  Smith Smithfield. 

William  Smith Louisburg. 


Alexander  Smyth Wythe. 

James  Stephenson  4 

Alexander  Stevenson  . .  .Richmond. 

George  Tucker Lynchburg. 

Thomas  Van  Swearingen,6 

Shepherdstown. 
Jared  Williams Newton. 


Resigned  in  1822.       2  Elected  in  place  of  James  Pleasants,  resigned;  took  Ills  seat  Dec.  30, 1822. 
1821.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Van  Swearingen,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1822. 


s  Elected  speaker  Dec.  4, 
«  Died  in  1822. 


ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

James  W.  Bates l Arkansas. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  M.  Lyon. 


FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Joseph  M.  Hernandez l. 


1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  3, 1823. 

MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Solomon  Sibley Detroit. 


THE  EIGHTEENTH  CONGKESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1823,  to  May  27,  1824.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1824,  to  March  3,  1825. 


Vice-president.  —  DA  KIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  of  New  York.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  JOHN  GA  JLLARD 
of  South  Carolina;  again  elected  May  21,  1824.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  CHARLES  CUTTS  of  New  Hampshire. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  HENRY  CLAY  of  Kentucky.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  MATTHEW  ST.  CLAIB  CLARKE  of 
Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
WUliam  Kelly |  William  R.  King Cahawba. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
JolmM'Kee Tuscaloosa.  |  Gabriel  P.  Moore Huntsville.  |  George  W.  Owen Claiborne. 


THE   EIGHTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


61 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  W.  Edwards* New  Haven.  |  James  Lanman 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Noyes  Barber 


.Norwich. 


Gideon  Tomlinson Fairneld. 

Samuel  Whitman 


;on.  I  Ansel  Sterling Sharon 

Samuel  A.  Foot Cheshire.  |  Ebenezer  Stoddard Woodstock! 

i  Appointed  in  place  of  Elijah  Boardman,  deceased  in  1823;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1823;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Thomas  Clayton* |  Nicholas  Van  Dyke  2 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Louis  McLane Wilmington. 

i  Elected  in  place  of  Caesar  A.  Rodney,  resigned  in  1823;  took  his  seat  Jan.  15, 1824.       *  Took  his  seat  Jan.  14, 1824. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Cobb  * Greensborough.    Nicholas  Ware  2. 

John  Elliott Sunbury. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Alfred  Cuthbert Eatonton. 


.Richmond. 


Joel  Abbott Washington. 

George  Cary Appling. 

Thomas  W.  Cobb 1. Greensborough. 


John  Forsyth Augusta. 

Edward  F.  Tattnall3 Savannah. 


Wiley  Thompson Ellerton. 

Richard  Henry  Wilde  4 . . . 


1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Nicholas  Ware,  deceased  ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1824.        2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  10,  1824;  died  Sept  7 
s  '  seat  March  27,  1824.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  W.  Cobb,  elected  senator;  took  bis  seat  Feb.  7,  1825. 


1824. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Ninian  Edwards l Edwardsville.  i  Jesse  B.  Thomas Edwardsville. 

John  McLean  '2 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Daniel  P.  Cook Edwardsville. 

1  Resigned  in  1824,  having  been  appointed  minister  to  Mexico.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Ninian  Edwards,  resigned;  took  his  seat 

Dec.  20, 1824. 

INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 

James  Noble Brookville.  |  Waller  Taylor Vincennes. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jonathan  Jennings Charleston.  I  John  Test Brookvillo. 

William  Prince * Princeton.  |  Jacob  Call 2 Princeton. 

1  Died  in  1824.       2  Elected  in  place  of  "William  Prince,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  23, 1824. 

KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson Great  Crossings.  |  Isham  Talbot Frankfort. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  A.  Buckner. .  .Greensburg.  John  T.  Johnson Georgetown.  Philip  Thompson Yellow  Banks. 

Henry  Clay  i Lexington.  Robert  P.  Letcher Lancaster.  David  Trimble Mount  Sterling. 

Robert  P.  Henry Hopkinsville.  Thomas  Metcalfe Carlisle.  David  White New  Castle. 

Francis  Johnson  . .  .Bowling  Green.  Thomas  P.  Moore Harrodsburg.  Charles  A.  Wickliffe. . .  .Bardstown. 

1  Elected  speaker  Dec.  1, 1823. 
LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Dominique  Bouligny  i I  Henry  Johnson  3 Donaldsville. 

James  Brown  2 j  Josiah  S.  Johnston  4 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  L.  Brent.  .St.  Martinsville.  |  H.  H.  Gurley Baton  Rouge.  |  Edward  Livingston. .  .New  Orleans. 

»  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Johnson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  21,  1824.       »  Resigned  Dec.  10,  1823,  having  been  appointed 
minister  to  France.       3  Resigned  in  1824.       *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Brown,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  14  ib<si. 


62 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Chandler , 


"William  Burleigh S.  Berwick. 

Joshua  Cusliman AVinslow. 

Ebenezer  Herrick — Bowdoinliam. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Monmouth.  |  John  Holmes Alfred. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Kidder Norridgewock.     Jeremiah  O'Brien Machias. 

Enoch  Lincoln Paris. 

Stephen  Longfellow Portland. 


Edward  Lloyd. 


William  Hayward,  jun Easton. 

Joseph  Kent Bladensburg. 

John  Lee Peters villo. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Easton.  |  Samuel  Smith  . . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Peter  Little Freedom. 

Isaac  McKim Baltimore. 

George  E.  Mitchell Elkton. 


.Baltimore. 


Raphael  Neale Leonardstown. 

Jolin  S.  Spence Poplartown. 

Henry  E.  Wariield Middleburg. 


James  Lloyd 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

. .  .Boston.  |  Elijah  Hunt  Mills 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Northampton. 


Samuel  C.  Allen Green. 

John  Bailey  1 Canton. 

Francis  Baylies Taunton. 

Benj.  W.  Crowninshicld Salem. 

Henry  W.  Dwight Stockbridge. 


Timothy  Fuller1 Boston. 

Aaron  Hobart Hanover. 

Samuel  Lathrop ~W.  Springiield. 

John  Locke Ashby. 

Jeremiah  Nelson Xewburyport. 


John  Reed 

Jonas  Sibley 

Daniel  Webster. 


Yarmouth. 

Worcester. 

Boston. 


1  Seat  declared  vacant  March  18, 1824 ;  elected,  and  toolc  bia  seat  Dec.  13, 1824. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
David  Holmes Washington.  |  Thomas  H.  Williams Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Christopher  Rankin Natchez. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

David  Barton St.  Louis.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  Scott St.  Geuevieve. 

NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Bell Chester.  |  John  F.  Parrott Portsmouth. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ichabod  Bartlett Portsmouth.  I  Artlmr  Livermore Plymouth.    William  Plumer,  jun Epping. 

Matthew  Harvey Hopkinton.  |  Aaron  Matson Stoddard.    Thomas  Whipple,  jun. . Wentworth. 

NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
Mahlon  Dickerson Suckasunny.  |  Joseph  M'llvaine  * Burlington. 


George  Cassady Hackensack. 

Lewis  Condict Morristown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Garrison Salem. 

George  Holcombe Allentown. 


James  Matlack  Woodbury. 

Samuel  Swan Somerville. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  L.  Southard,  resigned  in  1823 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1823. 


Rufus  King. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.New  York.  |  Martin  Van  Buren. 


.Albany. 


THE   EIGHTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


63 


Parmenio  Adams  1 Batavia. 

John  W.  Cad.v Johnstown. 

Churcliill  C.  Cambreleng.  .N.  York. 

Lot  Clark Norwich. 

Ela  Collins Lowville. 

Hector  Craig Chester. 

Rowland  Day Simpronius. 

Justin  Dwinell Ca/enovia. 

Lewis  Eaton Schoharie  Bridge. 

Charles  A.  Foote Delhi. 

Joel  Frost Carmel. 

Moses  Hayden York. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Herkhner Danube. 

James  L.  Hogeboora Castleton. 

Lemuel  Jenkins Bloomingbnrg. 

Sam'l  Lawrence.  Johnson's Settl'mt. 

Elisha  Litclifield Delphi 

Henry  C.  Martindale. .  .Sandy  Hill! 

Dudley  Marvin Canandaigua. 

John  J.  Morgan New  York. 

John  Richards Johnsburg. 

Robert  R.  Rose Geneva. 

Peter  Sharpe New  York. 

Henry  R.  Storrs Whitestown. 


James  Strong City  of  Hudson. 

John  W.  Taylor  .  .Ballston  Springs. 

Egbert  Ten  Eyck Watertown. 

Albert  H.  Tracy Buffalo. 

Jacob  Tyson Castletown. 

Stephen  Van  Rensselaer    ..Albany. 

William  Van  Wyck Fishkill. 

Isaac  Williams. Cooperstown. 

Isaac  Wilson2 Middleburg. 

Silas  Wood Huntingdon. 

William  Woods Bath 


i  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Isaac  Williams;  took  his  seat  Jan.  7,  1824.       2  Election  successfully  contested  by 

Parmenio  Adams.  J 


Htttchins  G.  Burton  * Halifax. 

Henry  W.  Conner.  .Sherrill's  Ford. 

John  Culpeper Lawrenceville. 

Weldon  N.  Edwards . . .  Warrenton. 
Alfred  M.  Gatlin Edentou. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Enfield.  |  Nathaniel  Macon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Hall Tarborough. 

Charles  Hooks Dupfin. 


.Monroe. 


John  Long 


.  ..Lindley's  Store. 


Willie  P.  Mangnm Hillsborough. 

George  Outlaw  2. . . 


Romulus  M.  Saunders Milton. 

Richard  D.  Spaight Newbern. 

Robert  B.  Vance Nashville. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


Resigned  in  1821.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Hutchins  G.  Burton,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  19,  1825. 


Benjamin  Ruggles. 


Mordecai  Bart-ley Mansfield. 

Philemon  Beecher Lancaster. 

John  W.  Campbell West  Union. 

James  W.  Gazlay Cincinnati. 

Duncan  M'Arthur Chillicotlie. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.St  Clairsville.  I  Ethan  Allen  Brown. 


.Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  M'Lane Pigua. 

John  Patterson St.  Clairsville. 

Thomas  R.  Ross Lebanon. 

Joseph  Sloane Wooster. 

Joseph  Vance Urbana. 


Samuel  T.  Vinton Gallipolis. 

Elisha  Whittlesey Canfield. 

William  Wilson Newark. 

John  C.  Wright Steubenville. 


William  Findlev 


James  Allison Beaver. 

Samuel  Breck Philadelphia. 

John  Brown Lewistown. 

James  Buchanan Lancaster. 

Samuel  Edwards Chester. 

William  Cox  Ellis Muncy. 

Patrick  Farrelly Meadville. 

John  Findlay Chambersburg. 

Walter  Forward Pittsburg. 

Robert  Harris Harrisburg. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

Franklinton.  |  Walter  Lowrie. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  Hemphill 
Samuel  I).  Ingham 
George  Kreamer 
Samuel  M'Kean 
Philip  S.  Markley 
Daniel  H.  Miller 


Philadelphia. 

New  Hope. 

Lewisburg. 

Burlington. 

Norristown. 


James  S.  Mitchell  ........  Roseville. 

Thomas  Patterson,  W.  Middletown. 
George  Plumer  .........  Robbstown. 

Thoiiias  J.  Rogers  *  .........  Easton. 


Andrew  Stewart Uniontown. 

Alexander  Thompson  2 Bedford. 

John  Tod  3 Bedford. 

Daniel  Udree Reading. 

Isaac  Wayne Warren. 

Henry  Wilson Allentown. 

James  Wilson Fairtield. 

George  Wolf 4 Easton. 


1  Resigned  1824. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  John  Tod,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1824.       3  Resigned  in  1824 
place  of  Thomas  J.  Rogers,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  9, 1824. 


4  Elected  in 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
James  D'Wolf Bristol.  |  Nehemiah  K.  Knight Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Job  Durfee Tiverton.  |  Samuel  Eddy Providence. 


John  Gaillard1. 


Robert  B.  Campbell. .  .Brownsville. 

John  Carter Camden. 

Joseph  Gist Pinckueyville. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

Pendleton.  |  Robert  Y.  Hayne. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  R.  Govan Orangeburg. 

James  Hamilton,  jun. .  .Charleston. 

George  M'Duilie Edgefield. 

President  pro  tern. ;  re-elected  May  21,  1824. 


.Charleston. 


Joel  R.  Poinsett Charleston. 

Starling  Tucker .  .Mountain  Shoals. 
John  Wilson Golden  Grove. 


64 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Henry  Eaton . 


Adam  R.  Alexander Jackson. 

Robert  Allen Carthage. 

John  Blair Jonesborough. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Nashville.  |  Andrew  Jackson  , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Cocke Rutledge. 

Samuel  Houston Nashville. 

Jacob  C.  Isacks "Winchester. 


.Nashville. 


James  B.  Reynolds  . .  .Clarkesville. 

James  T.  Sandford Columbia. 

James  Standefer Pikeville. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

"William  A.  Palmer Danville.  |  Horatio  Seymour . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Middlebury. 


"William  C.  Bradley  .  ."Westminster. 
Daniel  A.  A.  Buck Chelsea. 


Samuel  C.  Crafts Craftsbury. 

Rolliii  C.  Mallary Poultney. 


Henry  Olin  1 

Charles  Rich  2   Shoreham. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  Rich,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  13, 1824.       »  Died  in  1824. 


VIRGINIA. 


James  Bavbour Barboursville. 

John  Taylor l Port  lloyal. 


SENATORS. 

Littleton  W.  Tazewell2 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 

William  S.  Archer Amelia  C.H. 

"William  Lee  Ball8 Nuttsville. 

John  S.  Barbour Culpeper  C.H. 

Philip  P.  Barbour Luckettsville. 

Burwell  Bassett Williamsburg. 

John  Floyd Newbern. 

Robert  S.  Garnett Lloyds. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Johnson Bridgeport. 

Jabez  Leftwich Liberty. 

William  McCoy Franklin. 

Charles  F.  Mercer Aldie. 

Thomas  Newton Norfolk. 

John  Randolph Charlotte  C.H. 

William  C.  Rives Milton. 

Arthur  Smith Smithiield. 


William  Smith Lewisburg. 

Alexander  Smyth Wythe. 

James  Stephenson Martinsburg. 

Andrew  Stevenson Richmond. 

John  Taliaf erro  4 

George  Tucker Lynchburg. 

Jared  Williams Newton. 


1  Took  his  seat  Feb.  9, 1824;  died  in  1824.       *  Elected  in  place  of  John  Taylor,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  29,  1824.       »  Died 
Feb.  28, 1824.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Lee  Ball,  deceased;  took  his  seat  April  8, 1824. 

ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Henry  W.  Conway Little  Rock. 


FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Richard  K.  Call. 


MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Gabriel  Richards  i Detroit. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Biddlo. 


THE  NINETEENTH  CONGRESS.  65 


THE  NINETEENTH  CONGKESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1825,  to  May  22,  1826.      Second  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1826,  to  March  3,  1827. 


Vice-President,.  —  JOHH  C.  CALHOUN  of  South  Carolina.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tcmpore.  —  JOHN 
GAILLARD  of  South  Carolina,  elected  March  9,  1825,  in  special  session;  NATHANIEL  MACOK  of  North  Carolina, 
elected  May  20,  1826,  and  again  elected  Jan.  2, 1827,  and  again  elected  March  2,^.827.  Secretaries  of  the  Senate.  — 
CHARLES  CCTTS  of  New  Hampshire;  WALTER  LOWRIE  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  Dec.  12,  1825. 

Speaker  of  the  House.— JOHN  W.  TAYLOR  of  New  York.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  MATTHEW  ST.  CLAIR 
CLARKE  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  Chambers  1 Madison.    John  McKinley  2 .Huntsville 

William  R.  King Cahawba.    Israel  Pickens  » 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  McKee Tuscaloosa.  |  Gabriel  Moore Huntsville.  |  George  W.  Owen Claiborne. 

1  Died  Jan.  25, 1826.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Chambers,  deceased,  Israel  Pickens  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took 
his  seat  Dec.  21, 1826.       8  Appointed  in  place  of  Henry  Chambers,  deceased;  took  his  seat  April  10,  1826. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  W.  Edwards New  Haven.  |  Calvin  Willey l Toland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  Baldwin Windham.  I  Ralph  J.  Ingersoll New  Haven.    Elisha  Phelps Simsbury. 


Noyes  Barber Groton.  |  Orange  Merwin New  Milford. 


Gideon  Tomlinson Fannington. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  James  Lanman,  appointed  during  recess  of  legislature,  but  whom  the  senate  declared  not  entitled  to  a  seat. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  Clayton Dover.    Henry  M.  Ridgely  2 Dover. 

Daniel  Rodney l Nicholas  Van  Dyke  3 .New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Louis  McLane .Wilmington. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  Nicholas  Van  Dyke,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1826.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Nicholas  Van  Dyke, 
deceased,  Daniel  Rodney  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  23, 1827.       *  Died  in  1826. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  McPherson  Berrien Savannah.  |  Thomas  W.  Cobb .jGreensborough. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Carey Appling. 

Alfred  Cuthbert Eatonton. 

John  Forsyth Augusta. 


Charles  E.  Haynes Sparta. 

James  Merriwether Athens. 

Edward  F.  Tattnall Savannah. 


Wiley  Thompson Elberton. 


ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

EliasK.  Kane Kaskaskia.  |  Jesse  B.  Thomas Edwardsville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Daniel  P.  Cook . .  Edwardsville. 


66 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 

"William  Hendricks Madison.  |  James  Noble Brookville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Ratliff  Boon Booneville.  |  Jonathan  Jennings Charleston.  |  John  Test Brookville. 


Richard  M.  Johnson. 


Richard  A.  Buckner . .  .Greensburg. 

James  Clark Winchester. 

John  F.  Henry 1 

Robert  P.  Henry2. . .  Hopkinsvftle. 
Francis  Johnson. .  ..Bowling  Green. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

.Great  Crossings.  |  John  Rowan 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Johnson2. .  .Great  Crossings. 

Joseph  Lecompte New  Castle. 

Robert  P.  Letcher Lancaster. 

Robert  McHatton3. . .  .Georgetown. 
Thomas  Metcalfe Carlisle. 


.Louisville. 


Thomas  P.  Moore Harrodsburg. 

David  Trimble Mount  Sterling. 

Charles  A.  Wickliffe. . .  .Bardstown. 
William  S.  Young  .Elizabeth  Town. 


Elected  in  place  of  Robert  P.  Henry,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  11, 1826.       2  Died  in  1826. 

Johnson,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1826. 


8  Elected  in  place  of  Jamea 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Dominique  Bouligny New  Orleans.  |  Josiah  S.  Johnston Donaldsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  L.  Brent .  .St.  Martinsville.  |  Henry  H.  Gurley Baton  Rouge.  |  Edward  Livingston  .  .New  Orleans. 


John  Chandler 


John  Anderson Portland. 

William  Burleigh  .  .South  Berwick. 
Ebenezer  Herrick Bowdoinham. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

Monmouth.  |  John  Holmes  . . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Kidder Norridgewock. 

Enoch  Lincoln l Paris. 

Jeremiah  O'Brien Machias. 


.Alfred. 


Pel  eg  Sprague , 

James  W.  Ripley  2. 


.Hallowell. 
,  .Fryeburg. 


Resigned  in  1826,  having  been  elected  governor. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Enoch  Lincoln,  resigned;  took  his  seat  in  December, 
1826. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Ezekiel  F.  Chambers  * Chestertown.    Samuel  Smith 

Edward  Lloyd  2 Easton. 


.Baltimore. 


John  Barney Baltimore. 

Clement  Dorsey.  .  .Fen wicks  Town. 

Joseph  Kent 3 Bladensburg. 

John  Leeds  Kerr Easton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Peter  Little Freedom. 

Robert  N.  Martin. . .  .Princess  Ann. 

George  E.  Mitchell Elkton. 

George  Peter Damestown. 


John  C.  Weems  4 Waterloo. 

Thomas  C.  Worthington, 

Fredericktown. 


Elected  in  place  of  Edward  Lloyd,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  22,  1826.       2  Resigned  in  1826.       •  Resigned  Jan.  6, 1826; 
having  been  elected  governor.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Kent,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  7, 1826. 


•    •  MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

James  Lloyd1 Boston.  I  Nathaniel  Silsbee2 

Elijah  Hunt  Mills Northampton.  | 


.Salem. 


Samuel  C.  Allen Greenfield. 

John  Bailey Canton. 

Francis  Baylies Taunton. 

Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield,  Salem. 
John  Davis Worcester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  W.  D wight Stookbridge. 

Edward  Everett Cambridge. 

Aaron  Hobart E.  Bridgewater. 

Samuel  Lathrop  . . . .  W.  Springfield. 
John  Locke Ashby. 


John  Reed Yarmouth. 

John  Varnum Haverhill. 

Daniel  Webster Boston. 


Resigned  in  1826.       2  Elected  in  place  of  James  Lloyd,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1826. 


THE  NINETEENTH  CONGRESS. 


67 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

Powhatan  Ellis  1 Winchester.  I  Thomas  B  Reed  3 

David  Holmes  2 Washington,  j  Thomas  H.  Williams.' 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

WUliam  Haile^ Woodville.  |  Christopher  Rankin  « 

i  Appointed  in  place  of  David  Holmes,  resigned  in  1825;  took  his  seat  Dec.  12  1825        * 
F1™6  ?f^DaV1?  HOT^'  refg?ed  »"  1825,  Powhatan  Ellis' having  been  appointed  £'o  tern  - 
«  Elected  in  place  of  Christopher  Rankin,  deceased;  took  hia  seat  Dec.  4,  1826.       «  Died  March  147l826. 


.Washington. 


Natchez. 

In  1825.       »  Elected  in 
his  seat  March  11,  1826. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 
David  Barton St.  Louis.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 


John  Scott. 


St.  Louis. 

.St.  Gene  vie  ve. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
Samuel  BeU Chester.  |  Levi  Woodbury 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

lehabod  Bartlett Portsmouth. 

Titus  Brown Francestown. 


.Portsmouth. 


Nehemiah  Eastman . . .  Farmington.    Joseph  Healey Washington. 

_Tr»Tmf:liar»  TTo  i»  \T-OTT  C!n++  *-»»-»         TiV.,-1  »«*•!«  Tin,;,-. i  ~    .1 TTT 


Jonathan  Harvey Sutton. 


Thomas  Whipple,  jun. .  Wentworth. 


Ephraim  Bateman l 

Mahlon  Dickerson Suckasunny. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Joseph  Mcllvaine  2 Burlington. 


George  Cassecly Hackensack. 

Lewis  Condict Morristown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Garrison Salem. 

George  Holcombe Allentown. 


Samuel  Swan Somerville. 

Ebenezer  Tucker Tuckerton. 


1  Elected  hi  place  of  Joseph  McHvaine,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1826.       *  Died  hi  1826. 


Nathan  Sanford l. 


Parmenio  Adams Attica. 

William  G.  Angel Burlington. 

Henry  Ashley Catskill. 

Luther  Badger Janesville. 

Churchill  C.  Cauibreleng.  .N.  York. 

William  Deitz Court  House. 

Nicoll  Fosdick Morristown. 

Daniel  G.  Garnsey Fredonia. 

John  Hallock,  jun Ridgeberry. 

Abraham  B.  Hasbrouck.  .Kingston. 

Moses  Hayden York. 

Michael  Hoffman. Herkimer. 


NEW    YORK. 
SENATORS. 

, Albany.  |  Martin  Van  Bur  en. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Hugunin,  jun Oswego. 

Charles  Humphrey Ithaca. 

Jerornus  Johnson New  York. 

Charles  Kellogg Kellogsville. 

William  McManus Troy. 

Henry  Markell Palatine. 

Henry  C.  Martindale. .  .Sandy  Hill. 

Dudley  Marvin Canandaigua. 

John  Miller Truxton. 

Timothy  H.  Porter Olean. 

Robert  S.  Rose Geneva. 

Henry  H.  Ross Essex. 


.Albany. 


Joshua  Sands Brooklyn. 

Henry  R.  Storrs Whitestown. 

James  Strong City  of  Hudson. 

John  W.  Taylor  2  .Ballston  Springs. 

Egbert  Ten  Eyck Watertown. 

Stephen  Van  Rensselaer . .  .Albany. 

Gulian  C.  Verplanck New  York. 

Aaron  Ward Mt.  Pleasant. 

Barton  White Fishkill. 

Elisha  Whittelnore  . . . 

Silas  Wood Huntingdon. 


1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  31, 1826.       2  Elected  speaker  Dec.  6, 1825. 


John  Branch. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.  .Enfield.  I  Nathaniel  Macon1. 


.Monroe. 


Willis  Alston Hyde  Park. 

Daniel  L.  Barringer2 Raleigh. 

John  K.  Bryan Newbern. 

Samuel  P.  Carson. Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner .  .Sherrill's  Ford. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  May  20,  1826. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Weldon  N.  Edwards. ...Warrenton. 

Richard  Hines Edgecombe. 

Gabriel  Holmes Clinton. 

John  Long Long's  Mills. 

Archibald  McNeilLMcNeffl's  Store. 


Willie  P.  Mangum  8.Red  Mountain. 

Romulus  M.  Saunders Milton. 

Lemuel  Sawyer Elizabeth. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Willie  P.  Mangum,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1826. 
8  Resigned  March  18, 1826. 


68 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


"William  Henry  Harrison 


Mordecai  Bartley Mansfield. 

Philemon  Beecher Lancaster. 

John  W.  Campbell. . .  .West  Union. 

James  Findlay Cincinnati. 

David  Jennings  x  ...  .St.  Clairsville. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
Cincinnati.  |  Benjamin  Ruggles. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  McLean Piqua. 

Tliomas  Shannon'2 Barnesville. 

Jolm  Sloane Wooster. 

John  Thompson Chillicothe. 

Joseph  Vance Urbana. 


.St.  Clairsville. 


Samuel  F.  Vinton Gallipolis. 

Elisha  Whittlesey Canlield. 

"William  Wilson Newark. 

John  Woods Hamilton. 

John  C.  Wright Steubenville. 


1  Resigned  in  1826.       2  Elected  in  place  of  David  Jennings,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1824. 


William  Findlay . 


William  Addams  ..........  Reading. 

James  Buchanan  ........  Lancaster. 

Samuel  Edwards  ...........  Chester. 

Patrick  Farrelly1  ........  Meadville. 

John  Findlay.  .1  ----  Chambersburg. 

Chauncey  Forward  2  .....  Somerset. 

Robert  Harris  ..........  Harrisburg. 

Joseph  Hemphill3.  .   .Philadelphia. 


Samuel  D.  Ingham 
Thomas  Kittera  4  .  .  . 


New  Hope. 
.Philadelphia. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
Pittsburg.  |  William  Marks  . , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Krebs  5 Orwigsburg. 

George  Kremer Lewisburg. 

Joseph  Lawrence. Washington. 

Samuel  M'Kean Burlington. 

Philip  S.  Markley Norristown. 

Daniel  H.  Miller Philadelphia. 

Charles  Miner West  Chester. 

James  S.  Mitchell Roseville. 

John  Mitchell Bellefonte. 

Robert  Orr Kittanning. 


.Pittsburg. 


George  Plumer Robbstown. 

Thomas  H.  Sills Erie. 

James  S.  Stevenson Pittsburg. 

Andrew  Stewart Uniontown. 

Alexander  Thomson  ? Bedford. 

Espy  Van  Home Williamsport. 

Henry  Wilson  8 Allentown. 

James  Wilson Fairlield. 

George  Wolf Easton. 

John  Wurts Philadelphia. 


1  Died  Jan.  12, 1826  2  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  Thomson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1826.  3  Resigned  in 
1826.  4  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Hemphill,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1820.  6  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Wilson, 
deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  182(i.  o  Elected  in  place  of  Patrick  Farrelly,  deceased;  took  his  seat  April  3, 1826.  '  Re 
signed  in  1826.  8  Died  in  1826. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 


James  D'Wolf  1 Bristol. 


Asher  Robbins  2 Newport. 


Nehemiah  R.  Knight Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Tristam  Burges Providence.  |  Dutee  J.  Pearce Newport. 

1  Resigned  1825.       2  Elected  in  place  of  James  D'Wolf,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1825. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 


John  Gaillard  * Pendleton. 

William  Harper  2 


Robert  Y.  Hayne Charleston. 

William  Smith  3 Charleston. 


John  Carter Camden. 

William  Dray  ton Charleston. 

Joseph  Gist Pinckneyville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  R.  Govan Orangeburg. 

James  Hamilton Charleston. 

George  McDuffie Edgeiield  C.H. 


Thomas  R.  Mitchell .  ..Georgetown. 
Starling  Tucker  .  .Mountain  Shoals. 
John  Wilson Golden  Grove. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  9,  1825,  special  session;  died  Feb.  26,  1826.  2  Appointed  in  place  of  John  Gaillard, 
deceased ;  took  his  seat  March  28, 1826.  3  Elected  in  place  of  John  Gaillard,  deceased,  William  Harper  having  heen  appointed 
pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1826. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

John  H.  Eaton Nashville.    Hugh  Lawson  White  2 , 

Andrew  Jackson  l Nashville. 


.Knoxville. 


Adam  R.  Alexander Jackson. 

Robert  Allen Carthage. 

John  Blair Jonesborough. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Cocke Rutledge. 

Samuel  Houston Nashville. 

Jacob  C.  Isacks Winchester. 


John  H.  Marable Yellow  Creek. 

James  C.  Mitchell Athena. 

James  K.  Polk Columbia. 


Resigned  in  1825.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Andrew  Jackson,  resigned  in  1825;  took  his  scat  Dec.  12, 1825. 


THE   TWENTIETH  CONGEESS.  69 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Dudley  Chase Randolph.  |  Horatio  Seymour Middlebury. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  C.  Bradley  .  .Westminster. 
Rollin  C.  Mallary Poultney. 


John  Mattocks Pearham .  I  George  E.  Wales Hartford 

Ezra  Meech Shelburn.  | 

VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

James  Barbour  1 Barboursville.  I  Littleton  W.  Tazewell  . .  Norfolk 

John  Randolph  2 Charlotte.  | 


Mark  Alexander Lombardy. 

William  S.  Archer Tuntilston. 

William  Armstrong Romney. 

John  S.  Barbonr Culpeper  C.H. 

Burwell  Bassett, Williamsburg. 

Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne  .Rocky  Mt. 
George  W.  Crump  8.Cumberl'd  C.H. 
Thomas  Davenport Meads ville. 


REPRESE  NTAT1 VES . 

Benjamin  Estill Abingdon. 

John  Floyd Newbern. 

Robert  S.  Garnett Lloyds. 

Joseph  Johnson Bridgeport. 

William  McCoy Franklin. 

Charles  F.  Mercer Aldie. 

Thomas  Newton  Norfolk. 

Alfred  H.  Powell Winchester. 


William  C.  Rives Milton. 

William  Smith Lewisburg. 

Andrew  Stevenson Richmond. 

John  Taliaferro Fredericksburg. 

Robert  Taylor Orange  C.H. 

James  Trezrant Jerusalem. 


i  Resigned  in  1825.       2  Elected  in  place  of  James  Barbour,  resigned  in  1825;  took  his  seat  Dec.  26,  1825.       »  Took  his  seat 

Feb.  6,  1826. 

ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Henry  W.  Conway Little  Rock. 

FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  M.  White Pensacola. 

MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Austin  E.  Wing Detroit. 


THE  TWENTIETH  CONGKESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1827,  to  May  26,  1828.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  I,  1828,  to  March  3,  1829. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  C.  CALHOTTN  of  South  Carolina.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  NATHANIEL 
MACON  of  North  Carolina,  elected  May  15,  1828,  and  declined;  SAMUEL  SMITH  of  Maryland,  elected  May  15, 
1828.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  WALTER  LOWKIE  of  Pennsylvania. 

Speaker  of  the  House.—  ANDREW  STEVENSON  of  Virginia.  Clerk  of  the  House.— MATTHEW  ST.  GLAIR 
CLARKE  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

William  R.  King Selma.  |  John  McKinley Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 
JohnMcKee Tuscaloosa.  |  Gabriel  Moore Huntsville.  |  George  W.  Owen Claiborne. 


70 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  A.  Foot Cheshire.  |  Calvin  Willey. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  Baldwin Windham. 

Noyes  Barber Groton. 


.Toland. 


Ralph  J.  Ingersoll New  Haven. 

Orange  Merwin New  Milford. 


Elisha  Phelps Simsbury. 

David  Plant Stratford. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Louis  McLane Wilmington.  |  Henry  M.  Ridgely Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Kensey  Johns,  jun New  Castle. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  McPherson  Berrien Savannah.    Oliver  H.  Prince  2 Macon. 

Thomas  W.  Cobb  x Greensborough. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Floyd Jefferson.    Charles  E.  Haynes Sparta.    Richard  H.  Wilde 

Tomlinson  Foot Milledgeville.     Wilson  Linnpkin Madison. 

George  R.  Gilruer Lexington.    Wiley  Thompson. Elberton. 

1  Resigned  in  1828.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  W.  Cobb,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1828. 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Elias  K.  Kane Kaskaskia.  |  Jesse  B.  Thomas Edwardsville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Joseph  Duncan Brownsville. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Hendricks Madison.  |  James  Noble Brookville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Thomas  H.  Blake Terre  Haute.  |  Jonathan  Jennings Charleston.  |  Oliver  H.  Smith Connersville. 

KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson Great  Crossings.  |  John  Rowan Louisville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  A.  Buckner. .  .Greensburg.    Joseph  Lecompte New  Castle.    Thomas  P.  Moore Harrodsburg. 

John  Chambers ! Washington.    Robert  P.  Letcher Lancaster.    Charles  A.  Wickliffe . .  .Bardstown. 

Thomas  Chilton Elizabethtown.    Chittenden  Lyon Eddyville.    Joel  Yancey Glasgow. 

James  Clarke Winchester.    Robert  M'PIatton Georgetown. 

Henry  Daniel Mount  Sterling.    Thomas  Metcalfe  2 Carlisle. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Metcalfe,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1828.       *  Resigned  in  1828. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Dominique  Bouligny New  Orleans.  |  Josiah  S.  Johnston Alexandria. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  L.  Brent.  .St.  Martinsville.  |  Henry  H.  Gurley Baton  Rouge.  |  Edward  Livingston  .  .New  Orleans. 

MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

John  Chandler Monmouth.    Albion  K.  Parris  2 Portland. 

John  Holmes l Alfred. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Anderson Portland.    Jeremiah  O'Brien Machias.     Joseph  F.  Wingate .Bath. 

Samuel  Butman Dixmont.    James  W.  Ripley Frveburg. 

Rufus  M'lntire Parsonsiield.     Peleg  Sprague. .' Hallowell. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Albion  K.  Parris,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  2fi,  1829.        2  Resigned  in  1828. 


THE   TWENTIETH  CONGRESS. 


71 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

EzekielF.  Chambers Chestertown.  |  Samuel  Smith  1 Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Barney Baltimore. 

Clement  Dorsey Chaptico. 

Levin  Gale Elktou. 


John  Leeds  Kerr Easton. 

Peter  Little Freedom. 

Michael  C.  Sprigg Frostburg. 


George  C.  "Washington  .  .Rockville. 

John  C.  Weems Waterloo. 

Ephraim  K.  Wilson Snow  Hill. 


*  Elected  president  pro  tern.  May  15, 1828,  in  place  of  Nathaniel  Macon,  resigned. 


Nathaniel  Silsbee 


Samuel  C.  Allen Greenfield. 

John  Bailey Milton. 

Isaac  C.  Bates Northampton. 

Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield, 

Salem. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Salem.  |  Daniel  Webster 

KEPRESENTATI VES . 
John  Davis Worcester.  I  John  Locke . .  Ashby 


.Boston. 


Henry  W.  Dwight Stockbridge. 

Edward  Everett Cambridge. 

Benjamin  Gorham Boston. 

James  L.  Hodges Taunton. 


John  Reed Yarmouth. 

Joseph  Richardson Hingham. 

John  Varnum HaverhUl. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
Powhatan  Ellis Winchester.  |  Thomas  H.  Williams Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

William  Haile  * Woodville.  |  Thomas  Hinds  2 Greenville. 

1  Resigned  in  1828.       2  Elected  in  place  of  William  Haile,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8, 1828. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 
David  Barton St.  Louis.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louia. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Edward  Bates St.  Louis. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Bell Chester.  |  Levi  Woodbury . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Barker,  jun Rochester.  I  Titus  Brown Francestown. 

Ichabod  Bartlett Portsmouth.  |  Jonathan  Harvey Sutton. 


.Portsmouth. 


Joseph  Healy Washington. 

Thdmas  Whipple,  jun. .  Wentworth. 


Ephraim  Bateman ] 


NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
.Cedarville.  |  Mahlon  Dickerson2 


.Suckasunny. 


Lewis  Condict Morristown. 

George  Holcombe  8 Allentown. 

Isaac  Pierson Orange. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  F.  Randolph,4 

New  Brunswick. 
Thomas  Sinnickson  5 Salem. 


Samuel  Swan Somerville. 

Hedge  Thompson6 Salem. 

Ebenezer  Tucker Tuckerton. 


i  Elected  by  his  own  vote  in  joint  session  of  the  legislature ;  resigned  January,  1829.       '  Reined  Feb.  9,  1829  .elected  in 
place  of  Ephraim  Bateman,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  9, 1820.       *  J  )ied  Jan.  14, 1828.       *  Elected  m  place  of  George  ] 
combe,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1828.        B  Elected  in  place  of  Hedge  Thompson,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1SWS. 
«  Died  in  1828. 

NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  E.  Dudley  1 Albany.  I  Martin  Van  Buren2 Albany. 

Nathan  Sanford Albany.  | 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Martin  Van  Buren,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29, 1829.        2  Resigned  in  1828. 


72 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Daniel  D.  Barnard Rochester. 

George  O.  Belden Monticello. 

Rudolph  Banner Oswego. 

C.  C.  Cambreleng   New  York. 

Samuel  Chase Cooperstmvn. 

John  C.  Clark Bainbridge. 

John  T.  DeGraff Schenectady. 

John  D.  Dickerson Troy. 

Jonas  Earll,  jun Oiiondaga. 

Daniel  E.  Garnsey Fredonia. 

Nathaniel  Garrpw Auburn. 

John  Hallock,  jun Ridgebury. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Selah  R.  Hobbie Delhi. 

Michael  Hoffman Herkimer. 

Jeromus  Johnson New  York. 

Richard  Keese Keeseville. 

John  Magee Bath. 

Henry  Markell Palatine. 

Henry  C.  Martindale. .  .Sandy  Hill. 

Dudley  Marvin Canandaigua. 

John  Maynard Ovid  Village. 

Thomas  J.  Oakley 1. .  Poughkeepsie. 

Henry  R.  Storrs Whitestown. 

John  G.  Slower Hamilton. 


James  Strong City  of  Hudson. 

Thomas  Taber,  2d2 Dover. 

John  W.  Taylor.  .Ballstou  Springs. 

Phineas  L.  Trace y Batavia. 

Stephen  Van  Rensselaer  . .  .Albany. 
Gulian  C.  Verplanck. . .  .New  York. 

Aaron  Ward Mt.  Pleasant. 

John  J.  Wood Clarkstown. 

Silas  Wood Huntingdon. 

David  Woodcock Ithaca. 

Silas  Wright,  jun Canton. 


1  Resigned  in  1828.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  J.  Oakley,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1828. 


.  NOETH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

John  Branch Enfield.    Nathaniel  Macon  2. 

James  Iredell * Edenton. 


.Warrenton. 


Willis  Alston Hyde  Park. 

Daniel  L.  Barringer Raleigh. 

John  H.  Bryan Newbern. 

Samuel  P.  Carson. Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner  .  .Sherrill's  Ford. 


REPKESENTATIVES. 

John  Ctilpeper Beard's  Store. 

Thomas  H.  Hall Tarborough. 

Gabriel  Holmes Montpelier. 

John  Long Long's  Mills. 

Lemuel  Sawyer Elizabeth. 


Augustine  H.  Shepperd, 

Germantown. 

Daniel  Turner Warrenton. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


Elected  in  place  of  Nathaniel  Macon,  resigned;  took  Ids  seat  Dec.  23, 1828. 

declined ;  resigned  in  1828. 


2  Elected  president  pro  tern.  May  15, 1828,  and 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 


Jacob  Burnet l 


William  Henry  Harrison2 Cleves.  | 


I  Benjamin  Ruggles St.  Clairsville. 


Mordecai  Bartley Mansfield. 

Philemon  Beecher Lancaster. 

William  Creighton,  jun.,3 

Chillicothe. 

John  Davenport Barnes ville. 

James  Findlay Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  M'Lean Piqua. 

Frederick  F.  Muhlenburg4. . 

William  Russell West  Union. 

John  Sloane Wooster. 

William  Stanbery Newark. 

Joseph  Vance Urbaiia. 


Samuel  F.  Vinton .Gallipolis. 

Elisha  Whittlesey Cantield. 

John  Woods Hamilton. 

John  C.  Wright Steubenville. 


Elected  in  place  of  William  Henry  Harrison,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  29, 1828.       2  Resigned  in  1828. 
1828.       *  Elected  in  place  of  William  Creighton,  jun.,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19, 1828. 


«  Resigned  in 


Isaac  D.  Barnard . 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
.West  Chester.  I  William  Marks . 


.Pittsburgh. 


William  Addams Reading. 

Samuel  Anderson Providence. 

Stephen  Barlow Meadville. 

James  Buchanan Lancaster. 

Richard  Coulter Greensburg. 

Chauncey  Forward Somerset. 

Joseph  Fry,  jun Fry  burg. 

James  Green Dauphin. 

Samuel  D.  Ingham. New  Hope. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Adam  King York. 

George  Kremer Lewisburg. 

Joseph  Lawrence Washington. 

Samuel  McKean Burlington. 

Daniel  H.  Miller Philadelphia. 

Charles  Miner West  Chester. 

John  Mitchell Belief  onte. 

Robert  Orr,  jun Kittanning. 

William  Ramsay Carlisle. 


John  Sergeant Philadelphia. 

John  B.  Sterigere  . .  .Upper  Dublin. 

James  S.  Stevenson Pittsburgh. 

Andrew  Stewart Uniontown. 

Joel  B.  Sutherland  . .  .Philadelphia. 

Espy  Van  Horn Williamsport. 

James  Wilson Fairlield. 

George  Wolf Easton. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Nehemiah  R.  Knight Providence.  |  Asher  Robbins Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Tristam  Burges Providence.  |  Dutee  J.  Pearce Newport 


THE  TWENTIETH  CONGRESS. 


73 


Kobert  Y.  Hayne . 


John  Carter Camden. 

Warren  R.  Davis.  .Pendleton  C.  H. 
William  Drayton Charleston. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
Charleston.  |  William  Smith. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Hamilton,  jun..  .Charleston. 

George  McDuffie Edgefield. 

William  D.  Martin BarnwelL 


.York  C.  H. 


Thomas  R.  Mitchell. .  .Georgetown. 
William  T.  Nuckolls.. Spartan  burg. 
Starling  Tucker.  .Mountain  Shoals. 


John  H.  Eaton 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
.Nashville.  |  Hugh  Lawson  White. 


.Knoxville. 


John  Bell Nashville. 

John  Blair Jonesborough. 

David  Crockett Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  Desha Gallatin. 

Jacob  C.  Isacks Winchester. 

Pryor  Lea Knoxville. 


John  H.  Marable Yellow  Creek. 

James  C.  Mitchell Athens. 

James  K.  Polk Columbia. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Dudley  Chase Randolph.  |  Horatio  Seymour  . 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


Daniel  A.  A.  Buck Chelsea. 

Jonathan  Hunt. . . . Brattleborough. 


Rollin  C.  Mallary Poultney. 

Benjamin  Swift St.  Alban's. 


.Middlebury. 


George  E.  Wales Hartford. 


Littleton  W.  Tazewell . 


Mark  Alexander  .Lombardy  Grove. 

Robert  Allen Mt.  Pleasant. 

William  S.  Archer Elkhill. 

William  Armstrong,  jun.  .Romney. 
John  S.  Barbour . . .  .Culpeper  C.  H. 
Philip  P.  Barbour  . . .  .Gordonsville. 

Burwell  Bassett Williamsburg. 

Nathaniel  H.  Clairborne, 

Rocky  Mount. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Norfolk.  |  John  Tyler 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Davenport Meadsville. 

John  Floyd Newbern. 

Isaac  Leffler Wheeling. 

Lewis  Maxwell Weston. 

Charles  F.  Mercer Aldie. 

William  M'Coy Franklin. 

Thomas  Newton Norfolk. 

John  Randolph Charlotte. 

William  C.  Rives Milton. 

1  Elected  speaker  Dec.  3, 1827. 


.Charles  City. 


John  Roane Rumford  Academy. 

Alexander  Smyth Wythe  C.  H. 

Andrew  Stevenson 1 Richmond. 

John  Taliaferro Fredericksburg. 

James  Trezvant Jerusalem. 


ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
A.  H.  Sevier  ..  Little  Rock 


FLORIDA   TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Joseph  M.  White 


.Pensacola. 


MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Austin  E.  Wing , 


.Detroit. 


74  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE   TWENTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1829,  to  May  31,  1830.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1830,  to  March  3,  1831. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  C.  CALHOUN  of  South  Carolina.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  SAMUEL 
SMITH  of  Maryland;  LITTLETON  W.  TAZEWELL  of  Virginia,  elected  March  1, 1831.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.— 
WALTER  LOWKIE  of  Pennsylvania. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  ANDKEW  STEVENSON  of  Virginia.  Clerk  of  the  House.—  MATTHEW  ST.  CLAIB 
CLAJIKE  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

"William  R.  King Selma.  |  John  McKinley Florence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Robert  E.  B.  Baylor. . .  .Tuscaloosa.  |  C.  C.  Clay Huntsville.  |  Dixon  H.  Lewis Montgomery. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  A.  Foot Cheshire.  |  Calvin  "Willey Tolland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Noyes  Barber Groton.  I  Jabez  W.  Hnntington. .  .Litchfield.  I  William  L.  Storrs Middletown. 

William  W.  Ells  worth...  Hartford.  |  Ralph  J.  Ingersoll.... New  Haven.  |  Ebenezer  Young Killingly. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

John  M.  Clayton Dover.  I  Arnold  Naudain2 Wilmington. 

Louis  McLane l Wilmington.  | 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Kensey  Johns,  jun New  Castle. 

1  Resigned  in  1829.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Louis  McLane,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  13, 1830. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  McPherson  Berrien* Savannah.  I  George  M.  Troup Dublin. 

John  Forsyth  2 Augusta.  | 


Thomas  F.  Foster.  .Greensborough. 

Charles  E.  Haynes Sparta. 

Henry  G.  Lamar Macon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wilson  Lumpkin Monroe. 

Wiley  Thompson Elberton. 

James  M.  Wayne Savannah. 


Richard  H.  Wilde Augusta. 


i  Resigned  in  1829.       *  Elected  in  place  of  J.  McPherson  Berrien,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8, 1829. 

ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

David  J.  Baker  1 Shawneetown.  I  John  McLean  2 Shawneetown. 

Elias  K.  Kane Kaskaskia.  |  John  M.  Robinson.8 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Joseph  Duncan Brownsville. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  John  McLean,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1830.       2  Deceased  Oct.  14, 1830.      3  Elected  in  place  of 
John  McLean,  deceased,  David  J.  Baker  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  4,  1831. 


THE  TWENTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


75 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Hendricks Madison.  |  James  Noble  1 Brookville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ratliff  Boon Booneville.  |  Jonathan  Jennings Charleston.  |  John  Test Laurenceburgh. 

»  Died  Feb.  26,  1831. 


George  M.  Bibb. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.Yellow  Banks.  |  John  Rowan , 


Thomas  Chilton Elizabethtown. 

James  Clarke Winchester. 

Nicholas  D.  Coleman. .Washington. 
Henry  Daniel Mount  Sterling. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathan  Gaither Columbia. 

Richard  M.  Johnson  .  .Gt.  Crossing. 

John  Kincaid Stanford. 

Joseph  Lecompte New  Castle. 


.Louisville. 


Robert  P.  Letcher Lancaster. 

Chittenden  Lyon Eddyville. 

Charles  A.  Wickliffe....Bardstown. 
Joel  Yaucey Glasgow. 


LOUISIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Josiah  S.  Johnston Alexandria.  |  Edward  Livingston New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Henry  H.  Gurley Baton  Rouge.  |  Walter  H.  Overton Alexandria.  |  Edward  D.  White. .  Donaldson ville. 


John  Holmes , 


John  Anderson Portland. 

Samuel  Batman Dixmont. 

George  Evans Gardiner. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Alfred.  |  Peleg  Sprague. . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cornelius  Holland  * Canton. 

Leonard  Jarvis  2 Ellsworth. 

Rufus  M'lutire Parsonsiield. 


.Hallowell. 


James  W.  Ripley  3 Fryeburg. 

Joseph  F.  Wingate Bath. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  James  W.  Ripley,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1830.        2  Took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1830. 
March  12, 1830 ;  election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Reuel  Washburn. 


8  Resigned 


Ezekiel  F.  Chambers. 


Elias  Brown Freedom. 

Clement  Dorsey Howards  Race. 

Benjamin  C.  Howard Baltimore. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

. . .  .Chestertown.  |  Samuel  Smith l. . 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  E.  Mitchell Elkton. 

Benedict  I.  Semmes  . .  .Piscataway. 
Richard  Spencer Easton. 


.Baltimore. 


Michael  C.  Sprigg Frostburg. 

George  C.  Washington..  .Rockville. 
Ephraim  K.  Wilson Snow  HilL 


Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  13, 1829,  special  session,  and  May  29, 1830. 


Nathaniel  Silsbee 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
. . .  .Salem.  |  Daniel  Webster  , 


.Boston. 


John  Bailey Milton. 

Isaac  C.  Bates Northampton. 

Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield,  Salem. 

John  Davis Worcester. 

Henry  W.  Dwight Stockbridge. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Edward  Everett Charlestown. 

Benjamin  Gorham Boston. 

George  Grennell,  jun Greenfield. 

James  L.  Hodges Taunton. 

Joseph  C.  Kendall Leominster. 


John  Reed Yarmouth  Port. 

Joseph  Richardson Hingham. 

John  Varnum Haverhill. 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Robert  H.  Adams  1 Natchez.  I  George  Poindexter  2 Natchez. 

Powhatan  Ellis Winchester.  | 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  Hinds Greenville. 

*  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  B.  Reed,  deceased  in  1829;  took  his  seat  Feb.  8, 1830,  and  died  July  2, 1830.       *  Appointed  in 
place  of  Robert  II.  Adams,  deceased;  took  bis  seat  Dec.  6, 1830;  subsequently  elected  by  tho  legislature. 


76 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 

David  Barton St.  Louis.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Spencer  Pettis Fayette. 

.NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Bell Chester.  |  Levi  Woodbury Portsmouth. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Broadhead New  Market.  I  Joseph  Hammons Farmington.  I  Henry  Ilubbard Charlestown. 

Thomas  Chandler. . .  .Hillsborough.  |  Jonathan  Harvey Sutton.  |  John  W.  Weeks Lancaster. 

NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Mahlon  Dickerson Suckasunny.  |  Theodore  Frelinghuysen Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lewis  Condict Morristown.    Thomas  H.  Hughes Cold  Spring.  I  James  F.  Randolph  .K  Brunswick. 

Richard  M.  Cooper. Camden.    Isaac  Pierson Orange.  |  Samuel  Swan Bound  Brook. 

NEW   YORK. 
SENATORS. 

Charles  E.  Dudley Albany.  |  Nathan  Sanford Albany. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  G.  Angel Burlington.    Jonas  Earll,  jun Onondaga.  Gershom  Powers Auburn. 

Benedict  Arnold Amsterdam.    Isaac  Finch Jay.  Robert  S.  Rose Geneva. 

Thomas  Beckman — Peterborough.    George  Fisher3 Oswego.  Jonah  Sanford5 Oswego. 

Abraham  Bockee Federal  Store.    Jehiel  H.  Halsey Lodi.  Ambrose  Spencer Albany. 

Peter  I.  Borst Middleburg.    Joseph  Hawkins Henderson.  James  Strong City  of  Hudson. 

C.  C.  Cambreleng New  York.    Michael  Hoffman Herkimer.  Henry  R.  Storrs Whitestown. 

Timothy  Childs Rochester.    Perkins  King Freehold.  John  W.  Taylor  . .  Ballston  Springs. 

Henry  B.  Cowles Carmel.    James  Lent Newtown.  Phineas  L.  Tracy Batavia. 

Hector  Craig* Craigville.    John  Magee Bath.  Gulian  C.  Verplanck New  York. 

Jacob  Crocheron Smithiield.  Henry  C.  Martindale. .  .Sandy  Hill.  Campbell  P.  White New  York. 

Charles  G.  DeWitt Kingston.    Thomas  Maxwell Elmira.  Silas  Wright,  jun.6 

John  D.  Dickinson .Troy.    Robert  Morrell 4. .    .' Greene  P.O. 

S.  W.  Eager  2 Montgomery.    Ebenezer  F.  Norton Buffalo. 

1  Resigned  in  1830.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Hector  Craig,  resigned ;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  6, 1830.  •  Election  successfully 
contested  by  Silas  Wright,  jun.  *  Resigned  Feb.  21,  1831.  B  Elected  in  place  of  Silas  Wright,  jun.,  who  declined  to  take 
Ma  seat.  «  Declined  to  take  Ms  seat  after  successfully  contesting  the  election  of  George  Fisher. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

John  Branch  * Enfield.    James  Iredell. 

Bedford  Brown  2 Brown's  Store. 


.Edenton. 


Willis  Alston Fortune's  Fork. 

Daniel  L.  Barringer Raleigh. 

Samuel  T.  Carson. Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner .  .Sherrill's  Ford. 
Edmund  Deberry Lawrenceville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  B.  Dudley Wilmington. 

Thomas  H.  Hall Tarborough. 

Robert  Potter Oxford. 

Abraham  Eeucher Pittsborough. 

William  B.  Shepard. Elizabeth  City. 


Augustine  H.  Shepperd.Germant'n. 

Jesse  Speight Speight's  Bridge. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


*  Resigned  in  1829.       "  Elected  in  place  of  John  Branch,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  28, 1829. 


Jacob  Burnett. 


Mordecai  Bartley Mansfield. 

Joseph  H.  Crane Dayton. 

William  Creighton Chillicothe. 

James  Findlay Cincinnati. 

John  M.  Goodenow1.  .Steubenville. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

Cincinnati.  |  Benjamin  Ruggles. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  W.  Irvin. Lancaster. 

William  Kennon St.  Clairsville. 

Humphrey  II.  Leavitt'-lSteubcnv'le. 

William  Russell West  Union. 

James  Shields Dick's  Mills. 


.St.  Clairsville. 


William  Stanberry Newark. 

John  Thomson New  Lisbon. 

Joseph  Vance Urbana. 

Samuel  F.  Vinton Gallipolis. 

Elisha  Whittlesey Canlield. 


Resigned  April  9, 1830.        2  Elected  in  place  of  John  M.  Goodenow,  resigned;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  6, 1830. 


THE   TWENTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


77 


Isaac  D.  Barnard . 


James  Buchanan Lancaster. 

Richard  Coulter Greensburg. 

Thomas  H.  Crawford.  Chambersb'g. 

Harmar  Denny Pittsburg. 

Joshua  Evans Paoli. 

James  Ford Lawrenceville. 

Chauncey  Forward Somerset. 

Joseph  Fry,  jun Fryburg. 

John  Gilmore Butler. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

. .  .West  Chester.  |  William  Marks  . , 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Innis  Green Dauphin. 

Joseph  Hemphili Philadelphia. 

Peter  Ihrie,  jun Easton. 

Thomas  Irwin Uniontown. 

Adam  King York. 

George  C.  Leiper Leiperville. 

Alan  Marr Danville. 

William  McCreery, 

Briceland's  Crossroads. 


.Pittsburg. 


Daniel  H.  Miller Philadelphia. 

Henry  A.  Muhlenburg Reading. 

William  Ramsay Carlisle. 

John  Scott Alexandria. 

Thomas  H.  Sill Erie. 

Samuel  A.  Smith Doylestown. 

Philander  Stephens Montrose. 

John  B.  Sterigere Norristown. 

Joel  B.  Sutherland... .Philadelphia. 


EHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Nehemiah  R,  Knight Providence.  |  Asher  Robbins Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Tristam  Surges Providence.  |  Dutee  J.  Pearce Newport. 


Robert  Y.  Hayne. 


Robert  W.  Barnwell Beaufort. 

James  Blair Camden. 

John  Campbell Brownsville. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Charleston.  |  William  Smith. . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Warren  R.  Davis..  .Pendlcton  C.H. 

William  Drayton Charleston. 

William  D.  Martin.  .Barnwell  C.H. 


.York  C.H. 


George  McDuffie Edgefield. 

William  T.  Nuckolls.Hancockville. 
Starling  Tucker .  .Mountain  Shoals. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

John  H.  Eaton l Nashville.  I  Hugh  Lawson  White. 

Felix  Gruudy  2 Nashville.  | 


.Knoxville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Bell Nashville. 

John  Blair Jonesborough. 

David  Crockett Crockett's  P.O. 

i  Resigned  in  1829. 


Pryor  Lea Knoxville. 

James  K.  Polk Columbia. 

James  Standif er Mt.  Airy. 

2  Elected  in  place  of  John  II.  Eaton,  resigned ;  took  Ms  scat  Dec.  7, 1829. 


Robert  Desha Gallatin. 

Jacob  C.  I  sacks Winchester. 

Cave  Johnson Clarksville. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Dudley  Chase Randolph.  |  Horatio  Seymour. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Cahoon Lyndon. 

Horace  Everett Windsor. 


Jonathan  Hunt Brattleborough. 

Rollin  C.  Mallary Poultiiey. 


Middlebury. 

Benjamin  Swift St.  Alban's. 


Littleton  W.  Tazewell. 


Mark  Alexander. Lombardy  Grove. 

Robert  Allen Mt.  Jackson. 

William  S.  Archer Elkhill. 

William  Armstrong Romney. 

John  S.  Barbour Culpeper  C.H. 

Philip  P.  Barbour1  . .  .Gordcnsvillo. 
Thomas  T.  Bouldin.  .Charlotte  C.II. 
Nathaniel  II.  Claibornc..  Rocky  Mt. 
Richard  Coke,  jun. . .  William sburg. 

1  Resigned  in  1830.        2  Elected  i 
contested  the  election  of  Thomas  Newto 
B  Elected  in  place  of  Philip  P.  Barbour, 
Dec.  7,  1829. 


VIEGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

Norfolk.  |  John  Tyler 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  Craig Montgomery. 

Thomas  Davenport Meadsvillo. 

Philip  Doddridgc Wellsburg. 

Joseph  Draper5. Wythe  C.H. 

William  F.  Gordon. Lindsey's  Store. 

George  Loyal  1 3 Norfolk. 

Lewis  Maxwell We  ;ton. 

William  McCoy Franklin. 

Charles  F.  Mercer Lcesburg. 


.Charles  City. 


Thomas  Newton  4 Norfolk. 

John  M.  PattonS.  ..Frcdericksburg. 

John  Roane Rumford  Academy. 

Alexander  Smyth  o Wythe  C.H. 

Andrew  Stevenson 7 Richmond. 

John  Talinferro Fredericksburg. 

James  Trezvant Jerusalem. 


n  place  of  Alexander  Smyth,  deceased;  took  his  scat  Dec.  G,  1S30.        '  Successfully 
ion;  took  his  seat  March  9,  18 :5l.       «  Election  succossfnly  contested  by  George  Lc 
•our,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Doc.  6,  1830.       «  Died  April  17, 1830.        »  Elected  speaker 


78  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Ambrose  H.  Sevier Little  Rock. 

FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  M.  White Monticello. 

MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 

JohnBiddle1 Detroit. 

i  Resigned  Feb.  21, 1831. 


THE  TWENTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1831,  to  July  16, 1832.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  3, 1832,  to  March  2, 1833. 


Vice-President. — JOHN  C.  CALHOUN1  of  South  Carolina.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — LITTLETON 
W.  TAZEWELL  of  Virginia,  elected  July  9,  1832;  HUGH  L.  WHITE  of  Tennessee,  elected  Dec.  3,  1832.  Secretary 
of  the  Senate.  — WALTER  LOWRIE  of  Pennsylvania. 

Speaker  of  the  House. — ANDREW  STEVENSON  of  Virginia.     Clerk   of  the  House.  —  MATTHEW  ST.   GLAIR 

CLARKE  of  Pennsylvania. 

*  Resigned  Dec.  28,  1832. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

William  R.  King Selma.  |  Gabriel  Moore Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Clement  C.  Clay Huntsville.  |  Dixon  H.  Lewis Montgomery.  |  Samuel  W.  Mardis Montevallo. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  A.  Foot Cheshire.  |  Gideon  Tomlinson Fairfield. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Fqyes  Barber Groton.  I  Jabez  W.  Hnntington  . .  .Litchfield.  I  William  L.  Storrs Middletown. 

William  W.  Ellsworth  . .  .Hartford.  |  Ralph  I.  Ingersoll New  Haven.  |  Ebenezer  Young.  .Killingly  Centre. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
John  M.  Clayton Dover.  |  Arnold  Naudain Middletown. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  J.  Milligan Wilmington. 


THE  TWENTY-SECOND   CONGBESS. 


79 


John  Forsyth . 


Augustine  Smith  Clayton.  .Athens. 
Thomas  F.  Foster.  .Greensborough. 
Henry  G.  Lauiar Macon. 


GEORGIA. 
SENATOKS. 

Augusta.  |  George  M.  Troup. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Neunan McDonough. 

Wiley  Thompson Elberton. 

James  M.  Wayne Savannah. 


Richard  H.  Wilde 


..Dublin. 
.Augusta. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATOKS.' 

EliasK.  Kane Kaskaskia.  |  John  M.  Robinson Carmi 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Joseph  Duncan Jacksonville. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  Hanna1 I  John  Tipton2 , 

William  Headricks Madison.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Eatliff  Boon Booneville.  |  John  Carr Charleston.  |  Jonathan  McCarty  . . .  Connersville. 

i  Appointed  in  place  of  James  Noble,  deceased  in  1831 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1831.       2  Elected  in  place  of  James  Noble  deceased 
in  1831,  Robert  Haniia  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  3, 1832. 

KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

George  M.  Bibb Yellow  Banks.  |  Henry  Clay Lexington. 

RE  PRESENTATI VES. 

John  Adair Harrodsburg.  Albert  G.  Hawes Hawesville.  Chittenden  Lyon Eddyville. 

Chilton  Allan Winchester.  Richard  M.  Johnson  .  .Gt.  Crossing.  Thomas  A.  Marshall .'Paris. 

Henry  Daniel Mount  Sterling.  Joseph  Lecompte New  Castle.  Christopher  Tompkins Glasgow. 

Nathan  Gaither Columbia.  Robert  P.  Letcher Lancaster.  Charles  A.  Wickliffe  . .  .Bardstown. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Josiah  S.  Johnston Alexandria.  |  George  A.  Waggaman1 New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Bullard Alexandria.  |  Philemon  Thomas. . .  .Baton  Rouge.  |  Edward  D.  White.  .Donaldsonville. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Edward  Livingston,  resigned  hi  1831;  took  his  seat  Jan.  3, 1832. 


John  Holmes 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
.Alfred.  |  Peleg  Sprague . 


.Hallo  well. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Anderson Portland. 

James  Bates Norridgewoek. 

George  Evans Gardiner. 

Cornelius  Holland Canton. 


Leonard  Jarvis Ellsworth. 

Edward  Kavanagh Damariscotta  Mills. 

Rufus  Mclntire Parsonslield. 


Ezekiel  F.  Chambers 


Benjamin  C.  Howard Baltimore. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

.Chestertown.  |  Samuel  Smith 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Benedict  I.  Semmes  ~2. . .  Piscataway. 


.Baltimore. 


Daniel  Jenifer Allen's  Fresh.    Charles  S.  Sewall3 Elkton. 

John  L.  Kerr Eaton.    John  S.  Speiice Berlin. 

George  E.  Mitchell  * Elkton.    Francis  Thomas Frederick. 

1  Died  June  28,  1832.        2  Took  his  seat  Feb.  13, 1832.       a  Elected  in  place  of  George  E.  Mitchell,  deceased;  took  his  seat 

December,  1832. 


George  C.  Washington..  .Rockville. 
J.  T.  II.  Worthington Golden. 


80 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Nathaniel  Silsbee . 


John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

Nathan  Appleton Boston. 

Isaac  C.  Bates  ....... .Northampton. 

George  N.  Briggs Lanesborongh. 

Rufus  Choate Salem, 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Salem.  |  Daniel  Webster. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Daris "Worcester. 

Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn. .  .Brookline. 

Edward  Everett Charlestown. 

George  Grennell,  jun. . ..  Greenfield. 
James  L.  Hodges Bristol. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1832. 


.Boston. 


Joseph  G.  Kendall. 
Jeremiah  Nelson1.. 
John  Heed . . 


. . .  .Leominster. 

Essex. 

Yarmouth. 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

John  Black  * Monroe.  I  George  Poindexter Wilkinson. 

Powhatau  Ellis  2 Winchester.  | 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Franklin  E.  Plummer . . .  Westville. 


Appointed  in  place  of  Powhatan  Ellis,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  12, 1832. 

judge  of  United  States  Court. 


2  Resigned  in  1832,  having  been  appointed 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 
St.  Louis.  |  Alexander  Buckner Jackson. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  H.  Ashley St.  Louis. 


Thomas  H.  Benton , 


NEW   HAMPSHIEE. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Bell Chester.  |  Isaac  Hill Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Brodhead New  Market.  I  Joseph  Hammons Farmington.    Henry  Hubbard Charlestown. 

Thomas  Chandler Piscataquog.  |  Joseph  M.  Harper Canterbury.    John  W.  Weeks Lancaster. 


JSTEW    JEKSET. 

SENATORS. 
Mahlon  Dickerson Suckasunny.  |  Theodore  Frelinghuysen Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lewis  Condict Morristown. 

Silas  Condit Newark. 

Richard  M.  Cooper Camden. 


Thomas  H.  Hughes Cold  Spring. 


James  F.  Randolph, 


New  Brunswick. 


Isaac  Southard Somerville. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  E.  Dudley Albany.    Silas  Wright,  jun.2 

AVillinm  Ti.  TVInn-vl All-xmir 


William  L.  Marcy l Albany. 


William  G.  Angel Burlington. 

William  Babcock Pennyan. 

Gamaliel  II.  Barstow Nichols. 

Samuel  Beardsley Utica. 

John  T.  Bergen Brooklyn. 

Joseph  Bouck Middlcburg. 

John  C.  1'rodliead New  York. 

Churchill  C.  Cambreleng.  New  York. 

John  A.  Collier Binghamton. 

Bates  Cook Le  wist  on. 

Charles  Da.yaii Lowville. 

John  Dickson West  Bloomlield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ulysses  F.  Doubleday Auburn. 

Michael  Hoffman Herkimer. 

William  Hogan Hogansburg. 

Freeboru  C.  Jewett Skaneateles. 

John  King N.  Lebanon. 

Gerrit  Y.  Lansing Albany. 

James  Lent Newtown. 

Edmund  II.  Pendleton.Hyde  Park. 

Job  Pierson Schaghtiroke. 

Nathaniel  Pitcher Sandy  Hill. 

Edward  C.  Read Homer. 

Erastus  Root Delhi. 


Nathan  Soule Fort  Plaine. 

John  W.  Taylor  .  .Ballston  Springs. 

Phineas  L.  Tracy Batavia. 

Gulian  C.  Verplanck New  York. 

Aaron  Ward Mt.  Pleasant. 

Daniel  Wardwell Mannsville. 

Grattan  H.  Wheeler Wheeler. 

Campbell  P.  White New  York. 

Frederick  Whittlesey  . .  .Rochester. 
Samuel  J.  Wilkin Goshen. 


Resigned  in  1832.        2  Elected  in  place  of  William  L.  Marcy,  resigned ;  took  bis  seat  Jan.  14, 1833. 


THE    TWENTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 


81 


Bedford  Brown. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.Brown's  Store.  |  Willie  P.  Mangiim. 


.Red  Mountain. 


Daniel  L.  Barringer Raleigh. 

Laughlin  Bethune Fayetteville. 

John  Branch Enfield. 

Samuel  P.  Carson.  Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner. .  .SherrilTs  Ford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Hall Tarborough. 

M.  T.  Hawkins Granville. 

James  McKay  1 Elizabeth. 

Abraham  Rencher. . . .  Pittsborough. 

William  B.  Shepard. Elizabeth  City. 

1  Took  his  seat  Feb.  20, 1832. 


A.  H.  Shepperd Germantown. 

Jesse  Speight Stantonsburg. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


Thomas  Ewing 


Elutheros  Cooke Sandusky  City. 

Thomas  Corwin Lebanon. 

Joseph  H.  Crane Dayton. 

William  Creighton,  jun..Chillicothe. 
James  Findlay Cincinnati. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 
Lancaster.  |  Benjamin  Ruggles. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  W.  Irvin Lancaster. 

William  Kennon St.  Clairsville. 

Humphrey  H.  Leavitt.Steubenville. 

William  Rnssel West  Union. 

William  Stanberry Newark. 


.St.  Clairsville. 


John  Thomson New  Lisbon. 

Joseph  Vance Urbana. 

Samuel  F.  Vinton Gallipolis. 

Elisha  Whittlesey Canfield 


George  M.  Dallas  1. 


Robert  Allison. .  Hnntington  Centre. 

John  Banks Mercer. 

John  C.  Bucher Harrislmrg. 

George  Burd Bedford. 

Richard  Coulter Greensburg. 

Thos.  H.  Crawford. .  Chamhersburg. 

Harmer  Denny Pittsburg. 

Lewis  De  wart Suiibury. 

Joshua  Evans Paoli. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

Philadelphia.  |  William  Wilkins. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Ford Lawrenceville. 

John  Gilmore Butler. 

William  Heister New  Holland. 

Henry  Horn Philadelphia. 

Peter  Ihyie,  jun Easton. 

Adam  King York. 

Henry  King Allentowu. 

Joel  K.  Mann Jeukentown. 

Henry  A.  Muhlenberg Reading. 


.Pittsburg. 


Thomas  M.  M'Kennan.  Washington. 

Robert  McCoy Carlisle. 

David  Potts,  jun Pottstown. 

Samuel  A.  Smith Rock  Hill. 

Philander  Stephens Montrose. 

Andrew  Stewart Uniontown. 

Joel  B.  Sutherland  —  Philadelphia. 
John  G.  Watmough  .  .Philadelphia. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  I.  D.  Barnard,  resigned  in  1831 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  15, 1831. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Nehemiah  R.  Knight Providence.  |  Asher  Robbing Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Tristam  Burges Providence.  |  Dutee  J.  Pearce Newport. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

Stephen  D.  Miller Camden. 


John  C.  Calhoun  * 

Robert  Y.  Hayne  2 Charleston. 


Robert  W.  Barnwell Beaufort. 

James  Blair Lynch  wood. 

Warren  R.  Davis  .  .Pendleton  C.  H. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

William  Dray  ton Charleston. 

John  M.  Felder Orangeburg. 

John  R.  Griffin Milton. 


Thomas  R.  Mitchell...  .Georgetown. 
George  McDuffie  . .  .Edgefield  C.  H. 
William  T.  Nuckolls.Hancockville. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  Y.  Hayne,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  4, 1833.      *  Resigned  in  1832,  having  been  elected  governor. 


Felix  Grundy. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

.Nashville.  |  Hxtgh  Lawson  White1. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Knoxville. 


Thomas  D.  Arnold. ..  Campbell  Sta. 

John  Bell Nashville. 

John  Blair Jonesborough. 


William  Fitzgerald Dresden. 

William  Hall Green  Garden. 

Jacob  C.  Isacks Winchester. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  3, 1832. 


Cave  Johnson Clarksville. 

James  K.  Polk Columbia. 

James  Standifer Mt.  Airy. 


82 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Samuel  Prentiss , 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
.Montpelier.  |  Horatio  Seymour. 


.Middlebury. 


Heman  Allen  1 Franklin. 

William  Calioon Lyndon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Horace  Everett Windsor.  I  Jonathan  Hunt Brattleborough. 

HUand  Hall |  William  Slade Middlebury. 

*  Took  his  seat  June  23, 1832. 


William  C.  Rives  * 

Littleton  W.  Tazewell  2 Norfolk. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  Tyler. 


.Gloucester  C.  H. 


Mark  Alexander.. Lombardy  Grove. 

Robert  Allen Mt.  Jackson. 

William  S.  Archer Elkhill. 

William  Armstrong Romney. 

John  S.  Barbour. . .  .Culpeper  C.  H. 
Thomas  T.  Bouldiu. Charlotte  C.  H. 

Joseph  W.  Chinn Nuttsville. 

Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne.  .Rocky  Mt. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  Coke,  jnn.  . .  William  sburg. 

Robert  Craig Montgomery. 

Thomas  Davenport Meadsville. 

Philip  Doddridge  3 Wellsburg. 

Joseph  Draper 

William  F.  Gordon.  .Lindseys  Store. 

Joseph  Johnson  4. . . 

Charles  C.  Johnston5. . .  .Abingdon. 


John  Y.  Mason Hicksford. 

Lewis  Maxwell Weston. 

Charles  Fentoii  Mercer. .  .Leesburg 

William  McCoy Franklin. 

Thomas  Newton Norfolk. 

John  M.  Patton Fredericksburg. 

John  J.  Roane. . Rumf ord  Academy. 
Andrew  Stevenson,6 Richmond  City. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Littleton  "W.  Tazewell,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  4,  1833.  2  Elected  president  pro  tern.  July  9, 1832 ; 
resigned  in  1832.  »  Died  Nov.  19, 1832.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Philip  Doddridge,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  21,  1833. 
»  Died  June  IT,  1832.  «  Elected  speaker  Dec.  5, 1831. 

ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Ambrose  H.  Sevier Little  Rock. 

FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  M.  White Monticello. 


MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Austin  E.  Wing Monroe. 


THE  TWENTY-THIRD   CONGRES3. 


THE    TWENTY-THIKD    CONGBESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1833,  to  June  30,  1834.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1834,  to  March  3, 1835. 


rice-President.  —  MARTIN  VAN  BUBEN  of  New  York.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  HUGH 
LAWSON  WHITE  of  Tennessee;  GEOKGE  POINDEXTER  of  Mississippi,  elected  June  28,  1834;  JOHN  TYLEK  of 
Virginia,  elected  March  3,  1835.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  WALTER  LOWKIE  of  Pennsylvania. 

Speakers  of  tlie  House.  —  ANDREW  STEVENSON  of  Virginia;  JOHN  BELL  of  Tennessee,  elected  June  2,  1834. 
Speaker  of  the  House  pro  tempore.  —  HENRY  HUBBARB  of  New  Hampshire.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  WALTER  S. 
FRANKLIN  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

William  R.  King Selma.  |  Gabriel  Moore Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Clement  C.  Clay Huntsville.  I  John  McKinley Florence.    John  Murphy Claiborne. 

Dixon  H.  Lewis.  .Lowndesborough.  j  Samuel  W.  Mardis Montevallo. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Gideon  Tomlinson Fairfield.  |  Nathan  Smith New  Haven. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Noyes  Barber Groton. 

William  W.  Ellsworth  1.  .Hartford. 
Samuel  A.  Foot 2 Cheshire. 


Jabez  W.  Huntington  3.  .Litchfield. 
Ebenezer  Jackson  4  . .  .Middletown. 
Phineas  Miner  5 Litchfield. 


Joseph  Trumbull 6 Hartford. 

Samuel  Tweedy Danbury. 

Ebenezer  Young.  .Killingly  Centre. 


1  Resigned  in  1834.  2  Resigned  in  1834,  having  been  elected  governor.  s  Resigned  in  1834,  having  been  appointed 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Errors.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  A.  Foot,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1834.  *  Elected 
in  place  of  Jabez  W.  Huntingtou,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1834.  8  Elected  in  place  of  William  W.  Ellsworth,  resigned; 
took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1834. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
John  M.  Clayton Dover.  |  Arnold  Naudain Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  J.  Milligan Wilmington. 

GEOKGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Alfred  Cuthbert  1 I  John  P.  King Augusta. 

John  Forsyth2 Columbus.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Augustine  S.  Clayton Athens. 

John  Coffee Jacksonville. 

Thomas  F.  Foster. . Greensborough. 


B.  L.  Gamble Louisville. 

G.  R.  Gilmer Lexington. 

Seaborn  Jones Columbus. 


William  Schley Augusta. 

James  M.  Wayne3 Savannah. 

Richard  H.  Wilde Augusta. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Forsyth,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.   12,  1835.       2  Resigned  in  1834,  having  been  appointed 

secretary  of  state.        3  Resigned  Jan.  13, 1835. 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Eliaa  K.  Kane Kaskaskia.  |  John  M.  Robinson. Carmi. 


84 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Zadok  Casey Mt.  Vernon. 

Joseph  Duncan 1 Jacksonville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  L.  May  2 Springfield.  I  Charles  Slade  4 Carlyle. 

John  Reynolds  3 Belleville.  | 


1  Resigned   in  1834,    having    been    elected    governor.         2  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Duncan,  resigned;   took  his  seat 
Dec.  1, 1834.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  Slade,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1834.       «  Died  July,  1834. 


"William  Hendricks . 


Ratliff  Boon Booneville. 

John  Carr Charleston. 

John  Ewing Vincennes. 


INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 
Madison.  |  John  Tipton 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  A.  Hannegan  .  .Covington. 
George  L.  Kinnard  . .  .Indianapolis. 
Amos  Lane Lawrenceburg. 


.Logansport. 


Jonathan  McCarty .. .  .Fort  Wayne. 


George  M.  Bibb. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.Yellow  Banks.  |  Henry  Clay 


.Lexington. 


Chiltpn  Allan Winchester. 

Martin  Beaty South  Fork. 

Thomas  Chilton Elizabethtown. 

Amos  Davis Mount  Sterling. 

Benjamin  Hardin Bardsto\vn. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Albert  G.  Hawes Hawesville. 

Richard  M.  Johnson  .  .Gt.  Crossing. 

Robert  P.  Letcher1 Lancaster. 

James  Love Barbourville. 

Chitteuden  Lyon Eddyville. 


Thomas  A.  Marshall Paris. 

P.  H.  Pope Louisville. 

Christopher  Toinpkins. . .  .Glasgow. 


Alexander  Porter  *. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  P.  Moore ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1834. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
.New  Orleans.  |  George  A.  Waggaman.. 


.New  Orleans. 


Henry  A.  Bullard  2 Alexandria. 

Rice  Garland  3 Opelousas. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  Johnson  4.  .Thibodeauxrille. 
Philemon  Thomas Baton  Rouse. 


Edward  D.  White5.  Donaldson  villa. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  S.  Johnston,  deceased  in  1833;  took  his  seat  Jan.  C,  1834.  2  Resigned  in  1834,  having  been 
appointed  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Louisiana.  »  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  A.  Bullard,  resigned;  took  his  seat 
April  28, 1834.  *  Elected  m  place  of  Edward  D.  White,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1834.  «  Resigned  in  1834,  having 
been  elected  governor. 


John  Ruggles  x 

Ether  Shepley Saco. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Peleg  Sprague2. 


.Hallowell. 


George  Evans Gardiner. 

Joseph  Hall Camdeu. 

Leonard  Jarvis. Ellsworth. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  Kavanagh  .  .Damariscotta. 

Moses  Mason,  jun Bethel. 

Rufus  Mclntire Parsonsfield. 


Gorham  Parks 

Francis  O.  J.  Smith.... 


....Bangor. 
...Portland. 


Elected  in  place  of  Peleg  Sprague,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  6, 1835.       2  Resigned  in  1835. 


MAEYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Ezekiel  F.  Chambers  * Charlestowu.    Joseph  Kent. 

Robert  H.  Goldsborough  2 


.Bladensburg. 


Richard  B.  Carmichael.Centerville. 
Littleton  P.  Dennis  3.Princess  Anne. 
James  P.  Heath Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Cart  Johnson  . .  .Jefferson. 

Isaac  McKim Baltimore. 

John  N.  Steele  4 Vienna. 


John  T.  Stoddert Harris'  Lot. 

Francis  Thomas Frederick. 

James  Turner Wiseburg. 


Resigned  in  1834. 


3  Elected  in  place  of  Ezeldol  F.  Chambers,  resigned;  took  his  scat  Jan.  23,  1835. 
*  Elected  in  place  of  Littleton  P.  Dennis,  deceased;  took  his  seat  in  1834. 


Died  in  1834. 


THE  TWENTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


85 


Nathaniel  Silsbee. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
Salem.  |  Daniel  Webster. 


John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

Isaac  C.  Bates Northampton. 

"William  Baylies  .  .W.  Bridge  water. 

George  N.  Briggs Lanesbo  rough. 

Rufus  Choate  i Salem. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Davis2 Worcester 

Edward  Everett Charlestown. 

Benjamin  Gorham Boston. 

George  Grennell,  inn Greenfield. 

William  Jackson  g Newton. 


.Boston. 


Levi  Lincoln  4 Worcester. 

Gay  ton  P.  Osgood  .North  Andover. 

Stephen  C.  Phillips  5 Salem. 

John  Reed Yarmouth. 


Resigned  in  1834        2  Resigned  in  1834,  having  been  elected  governor.       s  Took  hig  8eat  March  17  1834        4  Elected 
' 


, 
Dec  1C1834  '  IeSlgae*'>  *°°k  hla  86at  March  5>  1834' 


5  Elected  ^  P>*»  of  Rufus  Choate,  resigned;  took  his  seat 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
John  Black Monroe.  |  George  Poindexter l. . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  Cage Woodville.  |  Franklin  E.  Plummer 

«  Elected  president  pro  tern.  June  25, 1834. 


.Wilkinson. 


.Westville. 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis.  |  Lewis  F.  Linni St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Ashley St.  Louis.  |  John  Bull Chariton. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  Alexander  Buckner,  deceased  hi  1833 ;  took  hia  seat  Dec.  16, 1833 ;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature. 


Samuel  Bell. 


Benning  M.  Bean.Moultenborough. 
Robert  Burns Hebron. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Chester.  |  Isaac  Hill 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  M.  Harper Canterbury. 

Henry  Hubbard Charlestown. 


Franklin  Pierce. 


Concord. 

.  ...Hillsborough. 


Theodore  Frelinghuysen. 


NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
.Newark.  I  Samuel  L.  Southard . 


.Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Philemon  Dickerson Paterson.    Thomas  Lee Port  Elizabeth. 

Samuel  Fowler Hamburg.    James  Parker Perth  Amboy. 


Ferdinand  S.  Schenck .  Six  Mile  Run. 
William  N.  Shiun. . .  .Mount  Holly. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge . 


John  Adams Catskill. 

Samuel  Beardsley Utica. 

Abraham  Bockee Federal  Store. 

Charles  Bodle Bloomingburg. 


John  W.  Brown Newburg. 

Churchill  C.  Cambreleng.  .N.  York. 

Samuel  Clark Waterloo. 

John  Cramer Waterford. 

Rowland  Day Sempronius. 

John  Dicksoii West  Bloomneld. 

Charles  G.  Ferris l New  York. 

Millard  Filhnore Buffalo. 

Philo  C.  Fuller Geneseo. 

William  K.  Fuller Chittenaugo. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 

. .  .Poughkeepsie.  |  Silas  Wright,  jun. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ransom  H.  Gillet Ogdensburg. 

Nicholl  Halsey Trumansburg. 

Gideon  Hard Albion. 

Samuel  G.  Hathaway Solon. 


.Canton. 


John  J.  Morgan  3 New  York. 

Charles  McVean Canajoharie. 

Sherman  Page Unadillq,. 

Job  Pierson Schaghticoke. 


Abner  Hazeltine Jamestown. 

Edward  Ho  well Bath. 

Abel  Huntiugton E.  Hampton. 

Noadiah  Johnson Delhi. 

Gerrit  Y.  Lansing Albany. 

Cornelius  W.  Lawrence2.  .N.  York. 

George  W.  Lay Batavia. 

Abijah  Mann,  jun Fairfield. 

Henry  C.  Martindale  .  ..Sandy  Hill. 
Henry  Mitchell Norwich. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Dudley  Selden,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1834.        2  Resigned  in  1834,  having  been  elected  mayor  of 
New- York  City.        a  Elected  in  place  of  Cornelius  W.  Lawrence,  resigned;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  1,  1834.       *  Resigned  111 1834. 


Dudley  Selden4 New  York. 

AVilliam  Taylor Manlius. 

Joel  Turrill Oswego. 

Aaron  Vanderpoel Kinderhook. 

Isaac  R.  Van  Houten . .  Clarkstown. 

Aaron  Ward Mt.  Pleasant. 

Daniel  Ward  well Mannsville. 

Reuben  Whallon Split  Rock. 

Campbell  P.  White New  York. 

Frederick  Wliittlosey  . . .  Rochester. 


86 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Bedford  Brown. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.Brown's  Store.  |  Willie  P.  Mangum. 


.Red  Mountain. 


Daniel  L.  Barringer Raleigh. 

Jesse  A.  Bynuin Halifax. 

Henry  W.  Conner  .  .Sherrill's  Ford. 
Edmund  Deberry. .  .Lawrenceville. 
Jaines  Graham Rutherford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Hall Tarborough. 

Micajali  T.  Hawkins  . . .  Warrenton. 
James  J.  McKay  . .  .Elizabethtown. 

Abraham  Rencher Pittsborough. 

William B.  Shepard  .Elizabeth  City. 


A.  H.  Shepperd Germ'antown. 

Jesse  Speight Stantonsburg. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


Thomas  Ewing 


William  Allen Chillicothe. 

James  M.  Bell Cambridge. 

John  Chancy Courtwright. 

Thomas  Cor  win Lebanon. 

Joseph  II.  Crane Dayton. 

Thomas  L.  Hamer Georgetown. 

Benjamin  Jones Worcester. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 

Lancaster.  |  Thomas  Morris. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Kilgore  * Cadiz. 

Humphrey  Leavitt^. .  .Steubenville. 

Robert  T.  Lytle  3 Cincinnati. 

Jeremiah  MrLene Columbus. 

Robert  Mitchell Zanesville. 

William  Patterson Mansfield. 

Jonathan  Sloane Ravenna. 


.Bethel. 


David  Rpangler Coshpcton. 

John  Thomson New  Lisbon. 

Joseph  Vance Ur liana. 

Samuel  F.  Vintoii Gallipolis. 

Taylor  Webster Hamilton. 

Elisha  Whittlesey Canlield. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Humphrey  H.  Leavitt,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1834.  2  Resided  in  1834,  having  been 
appointed  judge  of  the  United  States  District  Court.  3  Elected  to  supply  the  vacancy  caused  by  his  own  resignation;  again 
took  his  seat  Dec.  27,  1834. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Buchanan  * Lancaster.  I  William  Wilkins  2. 

Samuel  McKean Burlington. 


.Pittsburg. 


Joseph  B.  Anthony.  Williamsport. 

John  Banks Mercer. 

Charles  A.  Barnitz York. 

Andrew  Beaumont Wilkesbarre. 

Horace  Binney Philadelphia. 

George  Burd Bedford. 

George  Chambers..  .Chainbersburg. 

William  Clark Dauphin. 

Richard  Coulter Greensburg. 

Edward  Darlington Chester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

I  Harmer  Denny Pittsburg. 

'  John  Galbraith Franklin. 

James  Harper Philadelphia. 

Samuel  S.  Harrison Kittanning. 

Joseph  Henderson  .  .Brown's  Mills. 

William  Hiester  . . .  .(.lsrew  Holland. 

Henry  King .' Allentown. 

John  Laporte Asylum. 

T.  M.  T.  McKennan. .  .Washington. 

Joel  K.  Maun Jenkeiitown. 


Jesse  Miller .Landisburg. 

Henry  A.  Muhlenburg.  —  Reading. 

David  Potts,  jun Pottstown. 

Robert  Ramsay Hartsville. 

Andrew  Stewart Uniontown. 

Joel  B.  Sutherland. .  ..Philadelphia. 

David  D.  Wage  nor Easton. 

John  G.  Watinough  .  .Philadelphia. 


Elected  in  place  of  William  Wilkins,  resigned;  took  his  scat  Dec.  15,  1834. 

minister  to  Russia. 


2  Resigned  in  1834,  having  been  appointed 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight Providence.  |  Asher  Robbing  * Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Tristam  Burges Providence.  |  Dutee  J.  Pearce Newport. 

1  Seat  unsuccessfully  contested  by  E.  R.  Potter. 


John  C.  Calhoun. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.  .Fort  Hill.  |  William  C.  Preston  , 


James  Blair l Lynch  wood. 

Robert  B.  Campbell2.  .Brownsville. 
William  K.  Clowney. .  .Union  C.H. 
Warreii  R.  Davis  3..Pendleton  C.H. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Felder Orangeburg. 

William  J.  Gravson Beaufort. 

John  K.  Griffin" Milton. 

Richard  J.  Manning  4 Fulton. 


.Columbia. 


George  McDuffie  5 Willington. 

Francis  W.  Pickens  6  . . .  .Edgefield. 
Henry  L.  Pinckney Charleston. 


1  Died  April  1, 1834.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  D.  Singleton,  deceased  in  1833;  took  his  seat  Feb.  27,  1834.       »  Died 
i.  29, 1835.       *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Blair,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8, 1834.       «  Resigned  in  1834.       «  Elected  in 


«i..      , .  , 

place  of  George  McDuflie,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8, 1834. 


Felix  Grundy. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

.Nashville.  |  Hugh  Lawson  White  J . 
1  President  pro  tern. 


.Knoxville. 


THE   TWENTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


87 


John  Bell  1 Nashville. 

John  Blair Jonesborough. 

Samuel  Bunch Rutledge. 

David  Crockett Crockett's. 

David  W.  Dickinson,  Murfreesboro'. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  C.  Dunlap Bolivar. 

John  B.  Forester McMinnsville. 

William  M.  luge Fayetteville. 

Cave  Johnson Ciarksville. 

Luke  Lea Campbell's  Station. 


Balie  Peyton Gallatin. 

James  K.  Polk Columbia. 

James  Standifer Mount  Airy. 


1  Elected  speaker  June  2, 1834,  in  place  of  Andrew  Stevenson,  resigned. 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Prentiss Montpelier.  |  Benjamin  Swift St.  Alban's. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Heman  Allen Burlington. 

Benjamin  F.  Derning  1 Danville. 


Horace  Everett "Windsor. 

Hiland  Hall Bennington. 


Henry  F.  Janes  2 Waterbury. 

"William  Slade Middlebury. 


Died  July  11, 1834.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  F.  Doming,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1834. 


Benjamin  "W.  Leigh l 

"William  C.  Rives  2 Lindsey's  Store. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  Tyler  8. 


.Gloucester  C.H. 


John  J.  Allen Clarksburg. 

"William  S.  Archer Elkhill. 

James  M.  H.  Beale New  Market. 

James  "W.  Bouldin4. Charlotte  C.H. 
Thomas T.  Bouldin 6. Charlotte  C.H. 

Joseph  "W.  Chinn Nuttsville. 

Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne  .Rocky  Mt. 
Thomas  Davenport Meadsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Fulton Abingdon. 

James  H.  Gholson Percivals'. 

"William  F.  Gordon. Lindsey's  Store. 

George  Loyall Norfolk. 

Edward  Lucas Charlestown. 

John  Y.  Mason Hicksford. 

William  McComas Greenbriar. 

Sainl.  McDowell  Moore  .Lexington. 


Charles  F.  Mercer Aldie. 

John  M.  Patton Fredericksburg. 

John  Robertson  6 Richmond. 

Andrew  Stevenson  7  . . .  .Richmond. 
William  P.  Taylor  .Fredericksburg. 

Edgar  C.  Wilson Morgantown. 

Henry  A.  Wise Onancock. 

Resigned  in  1834.       «  Elected  president 


1  Elected  in  place  of  William  C.  Rives,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  5,  1834.  . 

pro  tern.  March  3,  1835.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  T.  Bouldin,  deceased  ;  took  his  seat  March  28,  1834.  «  Died  Feb.  11, 
1834,  in  his  seat,  while  addressing  the  House.  «  Elected  in  place  of  Andrew  Stevenson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8,  1834. 
i  Elected  speaker  Dec.  2,  1833;  and  resigned  his  seat  in  Congress  June  2,  1834. 


ARKANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Ambrose  H.  Sevier  .................................................................................  Little  Rock. 

FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  M.  'White  ....................................................................................  Monticello. 


MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Lucius  Lyon. 


.Bronson. 


88  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE   TWENTY-FOUKTH    CONGBESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1835,  to  July  4, 1836.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  5, 1836,  to  March  3,  1837. 


Vice-President,  —  MARTIN  VAN  BUKEN  of  New  York.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — WILLIAM 
R.  KING  of  Alabama,  elected  July  1,  183G,  and  again  elected  Jan.  28, 1837.  Secretaries  of  the  Senate.  — WALTER 
LOWRIE  of  Pennsylvania;  ASBIJRY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina,  elected  Dec.  12,  1836. 

Speaker  of  the  House.— JAMES  K.  POLK  of  Tennessee.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  WALTER  S.  FRANKLIN  of 
Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

William  R.  King  1 Selrna.  |  Gabriel  Moore Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joshua  L.  Martin Athens. 


Reuben  Chapman Somerville. 

Joab  Lawler Mardisville. 


DixonH.  Lewis2.Lowndesborough. 
Francis  S.  Lyon Demopolis. 


i  Elected  president  pro  tern.  July  1, 1836,  and  Jan.  28, 1837.       *  Took  his  seal  March  8, 1836. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
William  S.  Fulton  1 Little  Rock.  |  Ambrose  H.  Sevier  1 Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Archibald  Yell  i..  Fayetteville. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1836. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

John  M.  Niles1 Hartford.  |  Gideon  Tomlinson Faixfield. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Elisha  Haley Mystic. 

Orrin  Holt 2 Willington. 

Samuel  Ingham Say  brook. 


Andrew  T.  Judson Canterbury. 

Lancelot  Phelps Hitchcockville. 

Isaac  Toucey Hartford. 


Thomas  T.  Whittlesey8  .  .Danbury. 
Zalmon  Wildman  4 


1  Appointed  in  place  of  Nathan  Smith,  deceased  Dec.  6,  1835;  took  his  seat  Dec.  21, 1835;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legis 
lature.  2  Took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1836.  8  Elected  in  place  of  Zalmon  Wildman,  deceased;  took  his  seat  April  29,  1836. 
*  Died  Dec.  10,  1835. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  H.  Bayard l Wilmington.    Thomas  Clayton  8 ,....,,, Dover. 

John  M.  Clayton  2 Dover.    Arnold  Naudain4 Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  J.  Milligan Wilmington. 

1  Elected  hi  place  of  Arnold  Naudain,  resigned;  took  his  seat  June  20, 1836.      2  Resigned  in  1836.        s  Elected  hi  place  of  John 
M.  Clayton,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  19, 1837.       *  Resigned  June  16, 1836. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Alfred  Cuthbert Monticello.  |  John  P.  King Augusta. 


THE   TWENTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


Julius  0.  Alf ord 1 

Jesse  F.  Cleveland '. .  .Decatur. 

John  Coffee  2 Jacksonville. 

William  C.  Dawson3  .  .Greensboro'. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Glascock Augusta. 

Seaton  Grantlaud Milledgeville. 

Charles  E.  Haynes Sparta. 

Hopkins  Holsey Hamilton. 


Jabez  Jackson Clarkesville. 

George  W.  Owens Savannah. 

George  W.  B.  Towns4. .  .Talbotton. 


i  Elected  in  place  of  G.  W.  B.  Towns,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  31, 1837.       *  Died  in  1836.       *  Elected  in  place  of  John 
Coffee,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  26, 1836.       *  Resigr    J  '    -  — 


igned  in  1836. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

William  D.  Ewing  * Vandalia.    John  M.  Robinson Carmi 

Elias  Kent  Kane2 Kaskaskia. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Zadok  Casey „ Mt.  Vernon.  |  John  Reynolds Belleville.  |  William  L.  May Springfield. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Elias  Kent  Kane,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  25, 1836.       »  Died  Dec.  11, 1835. 


INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 

William  Hendricks Madison.  |  John  Tipton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ratliff  Boon Booneville. 

John  Carr Charleston. 

John  W.  Davis Carlisle. 


Edward  A.  Hannegan  .  .Covington. 

William  Herod 1 Columbus. 

George  L.  Kinnard2  .  .Indianapolis. 


.Logansport. 


Amos  Lane Lawrenceburgh. 

Jonathan  McCarty. . .  .Fort  Wayne. 


1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  25, 1837.        2  Died  Nov.  25, 1836. 


Henry  Clay. 


Chilton  Allan Winchester. 

Lynn  Boyd, New  Design. 

John  Calhoun Hardinsburgh. 

John  Chambers Washington. 

Richard  French Mt.  Sterling. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

.Lexington.  |  John  J.  Crittenden. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Frankfort. 


William  J.  Graves New  Castle. 

Benjamin  Hardin Bardstown. 

James  Harlan Harrodsburg. 

Albert  G.  Hawes Hawesville. 

Richard  M.  Johnson  .  .Gt.  Crossing. 


J.  R.  Underwood. .  .Bowling  Green. 

John  White Richmond. 

Sherrod  Williams Monticello. 


Alexander  Mouton  * 

Robert  Carter  Nicholas  2. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Alexander  Porter  8 , 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Rice  Garland Opelousas.  I  Eleazer  W.  Ripley Jackson. 

Henry  Johnson Donaldsonville.  | 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  Porter,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  2, 1837. 
never  took  his  seat;  took  his  seat  March  4, 1836. 


*  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  E.  A.  Gayarre,  who  , 

Resigned  Jan.  5, 1837. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 


Judah  Dana  * Fryeburg. 

John  Ruggles Thomaston. 


EtherShepley2 Saco. 


Jeremiah  Bailey Wiscasset. 

George  Evans Gardiner. 

John  Fairneld. Saco. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Hall Camden. 

Leonard  Jarvis Ellsworth. 

Moses  Mason,  jun Bethel. 


Gorham  Parks Bangor. 

Francis  O.  J.  Smith Portland. 


Appointed  in  place  of  Ether  Shepley,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  21, 1836.       *  Resigned  in  1836. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  H.  Goldaborough  1 Easton.  I  John  S.  Spence2. 

Joseph  Kent Bladensburg.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

James  A.  Pearce Chestertown. 

John  N.  Steele Vienna. 

Francis  Thomas Frederick. 


.Berlin. 


Benjamin  C.  Howard Baltimore. 

Daniel  Jenifer Harrison's  Lots. 

Isaac  McKim Baltimore. 


James  Turner Wiseburg. 

G.  C.  Washington Rockville. 


Died  in  1836.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  H.  Goldsborough,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  11,  1837. 


90  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
John  Davis Worcester.  |  Daniel  Webster. Boston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

Nathaniel  B.  Borden Fall  River. 

George  M.  Brings Lanesborough. 

William  B.  Calhoun. . .  .Springfield. 


Caleb  Gushing Newburyport. 

George  Grennell,  jun.  — Greeniield. 

Samuel  Hoar Concord. 

William  Jackson Newton. 


Abbott  Lawrence Boston. 

Levi  Lincoln Worcester. 

Stephen  C.  Phillips Salem. 

John  Reed Yarmouth. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
Lucius  Lyon 1 Bronson.  |  John  Norvell l Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Isaac  E.  Crary  2 Marshall. 

*  Took  his  seat  Jan.  26, 1837.       2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1837. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
John  Black Monroe.  |  Robert  J.  Walker  * Madisonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  H.  Claiborne  .Madisonville.  |  David  Dickson  2. Jackson.  |  Samuel  J.  Gholson  s 

1  Took  his  seat  Feb.  22, 1836.       *  Died  in  1836.       *  Elected  in  place  of  David  Dickson,  deceased ;  took  Ms  seat  Jan.  7, 1837. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis.  I  Louis  F.  Linn St.  Genevieve. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  H.  Ashley St.  Louis.  |  Albert  S.  Harrison Fulton. 

NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 


Isaac  Hill l Concord. 


John  Page  2 Haverhill. 


Henry  Hubbard Charlestown. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Benning  M.  Bean. . .  .Moultonboro'.  I  Samuel  Cushman Portsmouth.  I  Joseph  Weeks Richmond. 

Robert  Burns Plymouth.  |  Franklin  Pierce Hillsborough.  | 

1  Resigned  May  28, 1836,  having  been  elected  governor.      2  Elected  in  place  of  Isaac  Hill,  resigned;  took  his  seat  June  13, 1836. 

\ 

NEW   JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel L.  Southard Trenton.  |  GarretD.  Wall Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Chetwood  i.Elizabethto  wn. 

Philemon  Dickerson2 Paterson. 

Samuel  Fowler Hamburg. 


Thomas  Lee Port  Elizabeth. 

James  Parker Perth  Amboy. 

Ferdinand  S.  Schenk.Six  Mile  Run. 


William  N.  Shinn Mt.  Holly. 


1  Took  bis  seat  Dec.  5, 1836,  having  been  elected  in  place  of  Philemon  Dickerson,  resigned.       »  Resigned  in  1836. 

NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 
M.  P.  Tallmadge Poughkeepsie.  |  Silas  Wright,  jun Canton. 


THE  TWENTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


91 


Samuel  Barton .Richmond. 

Samuel  Beardsley  * Utica. 

Abraham  Bockee Federal  Store. 

Matthias  J.  Boree Amsterdam. 

Jolm  W.  Bro\vu Newburg. 

Churchill  C.  Cambreleng.  .N.  York. 

G.  H.  Chapin  Rochester. 

Timothy  Childs Lyons. 

John  Cramer Waterford. 

U.  F.  Doubleday Auburn. 

Valentine  Effner Jefferson. 

Dudley  Farlin Dudley. 

Philo  C.  Fuller2 Geneseo. 

"William  K.  F  tiller Chittenango. 


BEPKESENTATIVES. 

Ransom  II.  Gillet Ogdensburg. 

Francis  Granger Canandaigua. 

Gideon  Hard Albion. 

Abner  Hazeltine Jamestown. 

Hiram  P.  Hunt Troy. 

Abel  Huntington E.  Hampton. 

Gerrit  Y.  Lansing Albany. 

George  W.  Lay Batavi'a. 

Gideon  Lee Ne\v  York. 

Joshua  Lee Peiin  Yann. 

Stephen  B.  Leonard Oswego. 

Thomas  C.  Love Buffalo. 

John  McKeon New  York. 

Abijah  Mann,  jun Fairiield. 


Resigned  March  29,  1836. 
1836. 


Resigned  in  1836.       s  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  Beardsley,  resigned; 
Elected  in  place  of  Philo  C.  Fuller,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1836. 


William  Mason Preston. 

Rutger  B.  Miller3 Utica. 

Eli  Moore New  York. 

Sherman  Page Unadilla. 

Joseph  Reynolds Virgil. 

David  Russell Salem. 

William  Seymour .Birighamtoii. 

Nicholas  Sickles ..Kingston. 

William  Taylor Manlius. 

Joel  Turreli Oswego. 

Aaron  Vanderpoel Kinderhook. 

Aaron  Ward Mt.  Pleasant. 

Daniel  AVardwell Manusville. 

John  Young  4 Geneseo. 

took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Bedford  Brown Brown's  Store.  I  Robert  Strange2. 

Willie  P.  Mangum * Red  Mountain. 


.Fayetteville. 


Jesse  A.  Bynum Halifax. 

Henry  W.  Conner  .  .Sherrill's  Ford. 
Edmund  Deberry . .  .Lawrenceville. 

James  Graham  3 Rutherford. 

Micajah  T.  Hawkins  . .  .Warrenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  J.  McKay  . . .  Elizabethtown. 
William  Montgomery. . .  .Albrights. 
Ebenezer  Pettigrew. . .  .Cool  Spring. 

Abraham  Renclier Pittsborough. 

William  B.  Sliepard .  Elizabeth  City. 


A.  H.  Shepperd Germantown. 

Jesse  Speight Stantonsburg. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


1  Resigned  in  1836.  J  Elected  in  place  of  Willie  P.  Mangum,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  15, 1836.  s  Seat  declared 
vacant  March  29. 1836,  on  account  of  irregularities  in  election ;  subsequently  elected  at  new  election,  and  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 
1836. 

OHIO. 


Thomas  Ewing. 


William  K.  Bond Chillicothe. 

John  Chancy Courtwright. 

Thomas  Corwin Lebanon. 

Joseph  H.  Crane Dayton. 

Thomas  L.  Hainer Georgetown. 

Elias  Howell . . . '. Newark. 

Benjamin  Jones Worcester. 


SENATORS. 

Lancaster.  |  Thomas  Morris. . 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

William  Kennon  ...  .St.  Clairsville. 

Daniel  Kilgore Cadiz. 

Jeremiah  McLene Columbus. 

Samson  Mason Springfield. 

William  Patterson Mansh'eld. 

Jonathan  Sloane Ravenna. 

David  Spangler Coshocton. 


.Bethel. 


Bellamy  Storer Cincinnati. 

John  Thomson New  Lisbon. 

Samuel  F.  Vinton Gallipolis. 

Taylor  Webster Hamilton. 

Elisha  Whittlesey Canh'eld. 


James  Buchanan. 


Joseph  B.  Anthony.  .Williamsport. 

Michael  W.  Ash Philadelphia. 

John  Banks  * Mercer. 

Andrew  Beaumont .  ..Wilkesbarre. 

James  Black  - Newport. 

Andrew  Buchanan  .  ..Waynesburg. 
George  Chambers.  ..Chambersburg. 

William  Clark Dauphin. 

Edward  Darlington Chester. 

Harmar  Denny Pittsburg. 

Jacob  Fry,  jun Trappe. 

1  Resigned  in  1836. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

Lancaster.  |  Samuel  McKean. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Galbraith Franklin. 

James  Harper Philadelphia. 

Samuel  S.  Harrison Kittanning. 

William  Hiester New  Holland. 

Joseph  Henderson  .  .Brown's  Mills. 
Edward  15.  Hubloy. .  .Orwig-iburgh. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll.  ..Philadelphia. 
John  Kilgensmith,  jun., 

Stewarts  ville. 

Jolm  Laporte Asylum. 

Henry  Logan Dillsburg. 


.Burlington. 


Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan, 

Washington. 

Job  Mann Bedford. 

Jesse  Miller  3 Landisburg. 

Mathias  Morris Doylestown. 

Henry  A.  Muhlenburg. . .  .Reading. 

John  J.  Pierson  * Mercer. 

David  Potts,  jun Pottstown. 

Joel  B.  Sutherland  . . .  Philadelphia. 
David  D.  Wagener Eastoii. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Jesse  Miller,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1836. 
in  place  of  John  Banks,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  li-36. 


3  Resigned  in  1836.       «  Elected 


EHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
NehemiahR.  Knight Providence.  |  Asher  P.  Robbins Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 
Dutee  J.  Pearce Newport.  |  William  Sprague,  jun 


.Natick. 


John  C.  Calhoun. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.  .Fort  Hill.  |  William  C.  Preston Columbia. 


92 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Robert  B.  Campbell. .  .Brownsville. 
Franklin  H.  Elmore *. . .  .Columbia. 

"William  J.  Grayson Beaufort. 

Jolm  IL  Griffin Milton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  H.  Hammond2. . .  .Silverton. 

Richard  J.  Manning3 Fulton. 

Francis  W.  Pickens.Edgefield  C.  H. 
Henry  L.  Pinckney  ....  Charleston. 


John  P.  Richardson  4 Fulton. 

James  Rogers Yorkville. 

Waddy  Thompson,  jun., 

Greenville  C.  H. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  J.  H.  Hammond,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19,  1836.       2  Resigned  in  1836. 

*  Elected  in  place  of  Richard  J.  Manning,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19,  1836. 


Died  May  1,  1836. 


Felix  Grundy. 


John  Bell Nashville. 

Samuel  Bunch Rntledge. 

William  B.  Carter. . .  .Elizabethton. 

William  C.  Dunlap Bolivar. 

John  B.  Forester McMinnsville. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

.Nashville.  |  Hugh  Lawson  White. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Knoxville. 


Adam  Huntsman Jackson. 

Cave  Johnson Clarksville. 

Luke  Lea Campbell's  Station. 

Abraham  P.  Maury Franklin. 

Bailie  Peyton Gallatin. 

1  Elected  speaker  Dec.  7, 1835. 


James  K.  Polk  1 Columbia. 

Ebenezer  J.  Shields Pulaski. 

James  Standifer Mount  Airy. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Prentiss Montpelier.  |  Benjamin  Swift. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Heman  Allen Burlington. 

Horace  Everett Windsor. 


Hiland  Hall Bennington. 

Henry  F.  Janes Water  bury. 


.St.  Alban's. 


William  Slade Middlebury. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


Benjamin  W.  Leigh  1 Richmond. 

Richard  E.  Parker  2 Snickersville. 


William  C.  Rives  8 Lindsey's  Store. 

John  Tyler4 Gloucester  C.  H. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  M.  H.  Beale  . .  .Mt.  Jackson. 
James  W.  Bouldin.  .Charlotte  C.  H. 
Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne.  .Rocky  Mt. 

Walter  Coles Robertson's  Store. 

Robert  Craig Cbristiansburg. 

George  C.  Dromgoole.Gholsonville. 
James  Garland Lovingston. 

1  Resigned  in  1836.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  W.  Leigh,  resigned ;  took  his 
John  Tyler,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  14, 1836.       *  Resigned  Feb.  29, 


George  W.  Hopkins Lebanon. 

Joseph  Johnson Bridgeport. 

John  W.  Jones Petersburg. 

George  Loyall Norfolk. 

Edward  Lucas,  jun Charlestown. 

William  McComas Cabell  C.  H. 

John  Y.  Mason  s Hicksford. 


Charles  F.  Mercer Aldie. 

William  S.  Morgan White  Day. 

John  M.  Patton. . . .  Fredericksburg. 

John  Roane Rumford  Academy. 

John  Robertson Richmond. 

John  Taliaferro. . .  .Fredericksburg. 
Henry  A.  Wise Accomac  C.  H. 

seat  Dec.  15, 1836.       s  Elected  in  place  of 
1836.       «  Resigned  Jan.  11,  1837. 


FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  M.  White Monticello. 


WISCONSIN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
George  W.  Jones Sinsinawa  Mound. 


TELE   TWENTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


93 


THE  TWENTY-FIFTH  CONGEESS, 


First  Session,  from  Sept.  4,  1837,  to  Oct.  16,  1837.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1837,  to  July  9,  1838. 
Third  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839. 


Vice-President.  —  RICHARD  M.  JOHNSON-  of  Kentucky.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  WILLIAM  R. 
KING  of  Alabama,  elected  March  7,  1837,  at  special  session;  again  elected  Oct.  13,  1837;  again  elected  July  2, 
1838;  and  again  elected  Feb.  25,  1839.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  ASBURY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House. — JAMES  K.  POLK  of  Tennessee.  Clerks  of  the  House.  —  WALTER  S.  FRANKLIN  of 
Pennsylvania;  HUGH  A.  GARLAND  of  Virginia,  elected  Dec.  3,  1838. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

Clement  C.  Clay HuntsviUe.  |  William  R.  King*. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Reuben  Chapman Somerville.  I  Joab  Lawler  3 Mardisville. 

George  W.  Crabb2 Tuscaloosa.  |  Dixon  H.  Lewis.  .Lowndesborough. 


.Selma. 


Francis  S.  Lyon Demopolis. 

Joshua  L.  Martin Athens. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  July  2,  1838. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Joab  Lawler,  deceased;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  3. 1838. 
May  8,  1838. 


3  Died 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
William  S.  Fulton Little  Rock.  |  Ambrose  H.  Sevier Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Archibald  Yell Fayetteville. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

John  M.  Niles Hartford.  |  Perry  Smith New  Milford. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Elisha  Haley Mystic.    Samuel  Ingham Saybrook.    Isaac  Toucey Hartford. 

Orriii  Holt Willington.     Lancelot  Phelps Hitchcockville.    Thomas  T.  Whittlesey Danbury. 

DELAWAEE. 

SENATORS. 
Richard  H.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Thomas  Clayton. Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  J.  Milligan Wilmington. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Alfred  Cut.hbert Monticello.    Wilson  Lumpkin  2 Athens. 

John  P.  King l Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jesse  F.  Cleveland Decatur.    Seaton  Grantland  . . .  .Milledgeville.    Jabez  Jackson Clarkesville. 

Wm.  C.  Dawson. .  .Greeiisborough.     Charles  E.  Haynes Sparta.     George  W.  Owens Savannah. 

Thomas  Glascock Augusta.     Hopkins  Holsey Hamilton.     George  W.  B.  Towns Talbotton. 

*  Resigned  in  1837.       *  Elected  in  place  of  John  P.  King,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  13, 1837. 


94 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

John  M.  Robinson Carmi.  |  Richard  M.  Young Quincy. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Zadoc  Casey Mt.  Vernon.  |  William  L.  May Springfield.  |  Adam  W.  Snyder Belleville. 


Oliver  H.  Smith , 


Ratliff  Boon Booneville. 

George  H.  Dunn Lawrenceburg. 

John  Ewing Vincennes. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

. . . .  Connersville.  |  John  Tipton  .... 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  Graham Vallonia. 

"William  Herod Columbus. 

James  Rariden Centreville. 


Albert  S.  "White. 


Logansport. 

, Lafayette. 


Henry  Clay , 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.Lexington.  |  John  J.  Crittenden. 


.Frankfort. 


John  Calhoun Hardinsburg. 

John  Chambers Washington. 

William  J.  Graves New  Castle. 

James  Harlan Harrodsburg. 

Richard  Hawes Winchester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  H.  Menefee.  ..Mt.  Sterling. 
John  L.  Murray . .  ..Wadesboroiigh. 

John  Pope Springfield. 

Edward  Rumsey Greenville. 

William  W.  Southgate.  .Covingtou. 


J.  R.  Underwood  .  .Bowling  Green. 

John  White Richmond. 

Sherrod  Williams Monticello. 


LOUISIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Alexander  Mouton Vermilionville.  |  Robert  C.  Nicholas Donaldsonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 
Rice  Garland Opelousas.  |  Henry  Johnson Brmgiers.  |  Eleazer  W.  Ripley Jackson. 


John  Ruggles 


Hugh  J.  Anderson Belfast. 

Timothy  J.  Carter  x Paris. 

Jonathan  Cilley  2 Thomastown. 

Thomas  Davee Blanchard. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Thomaston.  |  Reuel  Williams. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Evans Gardiner. 

John  Fairfleld Saco. 

Joseph  C.  Noyes Eastport. 

Virgil  D.  Parris  3 Buckfield. 


.Augusta. 


Edward  Robinson  4  . . .  .Thomaston. 
Francis  O.  J.  Smith Portland. 


i  Died  March  14, 1838.  2  Died  Feb.  24, 1838 ;  killed  in  a  duel  by  William  J.  Graves  of  Kentucky.  »  Elected  in  place  of 
Timothy  J.  Carter,  deceased;  took  his  seat  May  29,  1838.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Jonathan  Cilley,  deceased;  took  his  seat 
April  28, 1838. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  Kent l Bladensburg.  I  John  S.  Spence. 

William  D.  Merrick  2 Allen's  Fresh. 


.Berlin. 


John  H.  Dennis Princess  Anne. 

Benjamin  C.  Howard.. .  .Baltimore. 
Daniel  Jenifer Harrison's  Lot. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  C.  Johnson Jefferson. 

John  P.  Kennedy  3 Baltimore. 

Isaac  McKim4 Baltimore. 


James  A.  Pearce Chestertown. 

Francis  Thomas Frederick. 

John  T.  H.  Worthington . .  .Golden. 


Died  Nov.  24, 1837. 


Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Kent,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  5.  1838.       8  Elected  in  place  of  Isaac 
McKim,  deceased;  took  his  seat  April  30,  1838.       *  Died  April  1, 1838. 


John  Davis 


John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

Nathaniel  B.  Borden. . .  .Fall  River. 
George  N.  Brings. .  ..Lanesboroiigh. 

William  B.  Callioun Springfield. 

Caleb  Cushing Newburyport. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Worcester.  |  Daniel  Webster  . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  Fletcher Boston. 

Goorge  Grennell,  jun Greenfield. 

William  S.  Hastings Mendon. 

Levi  Lincoln Worcester. 

William  Parm  enter.  .E.  Cambridge. 


.Boston. 


Stephen  C.  Phillips  1 Salem. 

John  Reed 

Leverett  Saltonstall 2 Salem. 


ng Newburyport.    William  Pannenter.  .E.  Cambridge. 

»  Resigned  in  1838.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Stephen  C.  Phillips,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 


1838. 


THE  TWENTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


95 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
Lucius  Lyon Bronson.  I  John  Norvell. 


Isaac  E.  Crary 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


.  .Detroit. 
.Marshall. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

John  Black  1...... Monroe.  I  Robert  J.  Walker Madisonville. 

JainesF.  Trotter2 |  Thomas  H.  Williams » Pontitoc. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  H.  Claiborne  4 Madison ville.  I  Sergeant  S.  Prentiss  5 Vicksbure 

Samuel  J.  Gholson  4 Athens.  |  Thomas  J.  Word  5 Pontitoc.' 

1  Resigned  in  1838.  2  Elected  in  place  of  John  Black,  resided ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  19, 1838 ;  resided  in  1838.  s  Appointed 
in  place  of  James  F.  Trotter,  resigned;  took  his  scat  Dec.  13,  1838.  *  Declared  to  have  been  duly  elected  Oct  3  1837  •  decision 
subsequently  reversed,  and  seat  declared  vacant  Jan.  31, 1838.  «  Elected  at  new  election,  and  took  his  seat  May  30  1838 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 
Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis.  |  Louis  F.  Linn. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Albert  G.  Harrison Fulton.  |  John  Miller .... 


.St.  Genevieve. 
Boon  ville. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  Hubbard Charlestown.  |  Franklin  Pierce . 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Charles  G.  Atherton Nashua.  I  James  Farrington Rochester. 

Samuel  Cushman Portsmouth.  |  Joseph  Weeks Richmond. 


.Hillsborough. 


Jared  W.  Williams Lancaster. 


Samuel  L.  Southard. 


NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
.Trenton.  I  Garret  D.  Wall. 


.Burlington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Ayckrigg Hackensack.  I  John  P.  B.  Maxwell Belvidere.  I  Charles  C.  Stratton.Swedesborough. 

William  Halstead Trenton.  |  Joseph  F.  Randolph Freehold.  |  Thomas  Jones  Yorke Salem. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge. 


John  T.  Andrews..  .North  Reading. 

Cyrus  Beers  * Ithaca. 

Bennet  Bicknell Morrisville. 

Samuel  Birdsall Waterloo. 

John  C.  Brodhead Modena. 

Isaac  H.  Bronson Watertown. 

Andrew  D.  W.  Bruyn2 Ithaca. 

Churchill  C.  Cambreleng.  .N.  York. 

Timothy  Childs Rochester. 

John  C.  Clark Bainbridge. 

Edward  Curtis New  York. 

John  I.  DeGraff Schenectady. 

John  Edwards Ephratah. 

Millard  Fillmore Buffalo. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 
. .  .Poughkeepsie.  |  Silas  Wright,  jun. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Foster Rome. 

Albert  Gallup East  Berne. 

Abraham  P.  Grant Oswego. 

Hiram  Gray Elmira. 

Ogden  Hoffman New  York. 

Thomas  B.  Jackson Newtown. 

Nathaniel  Jones Warwick. 

Gouverneur  Keinble  .  .Cold  Spring. 

Arphaxed  Loomis Little  Falls. 

Richard  P.  Marvin Jamestown. 

Robert  McLellan Middleburg. 

Charles  F.  Mitchell Lockport. 

Ely  Moore New  York. 

William  H.  Noble Cato. 


.Canton. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Andrew  D.  W.  Bruyn,  deceased;  took  liis  seat  Doc.  3, 1838 
*  Elected  iu  place  of  William  Patterson,  deceased;  tcx 


John  Palmer Plattsburg. 

Amasa  J.  Parker Delhi. 

WiUiam  Patterson  3 Warsaw. 

Luther  C.  Peck Pike. 

Zadoc  Pratt Prattsville. 

John  H.  Prentiss Cooperstown. 

Harvey  Putnam4 Attica. 

David  Russell Salem. 

Mark  H.  Sibley Canandaigua. 

James  B.  Spencer.  .Fort  Covington. 

William  Taylor Manlhis. 

Obadiah  Titus Washington. 

Henry  Vail Troy. 

Abraham  Vanderveer — Brooklyn. 


wo.       2  Died  July  27,  1838. 
took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1838. 


3  Died  Aug.  14, 1838. 


96 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Jesse  A.  Bynum Halifax. 

Henry  "W.  Connor .  .Sberrill's  Ford. 

Edward  Deberry Lawrenceville. 

James  Graham Rutherfordton. 

Micajah  T.  Hawkins  . .  .Warrentou. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

..Brown's  Store.  |  Robert  Strange.. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  J.  McKay Elizabeth  town. 

William  Montgomery  —  Albrights. 
Abraham  Rencher. . .'  Pittsborough. 

Samuel  T.  Sawyer Edenton. 

Charles  Shepard Newbern. 


.Fayetteville, 


Augustine  H.  Shepperd.  .Bethania. 

Edward  Stanly Washington. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


William  Allen. 


Jas.  Alexander,  jun.  .St.  Clairsville. 

John  W.  Allen Cleveland. 

William  K.  Bond Chillicothe. 

John  Chaney Courtwright. 

Charles  D.  Coffin * N.  Lebanon. 

Thomas  Corwin Lebanon. 

Alexander  Duncan Cincinnati. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings  2 Jefferson. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

Chillicothe.  |  Thomas  Morris. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Patrick  G.  Goode Sydney. 

Thomas  L.  Hamer Georgetown. 

Alexander  Harper Zauesville. 

William  H.  Hunter Sandusky. 

Daniel  Kilgore  3 Cadiz. 

Daniel  P.  Leadbetter.  .Millersburg. 
Andrew  W.  Loomis4.  .New  Lisbon. 
Samson  Mason Springfield. 


.Bethel. 


Calvary  Morris Athens. 

James  Ridgway Columbus. 

Matthias  Sheplor Bethlehem. 

Henry  Swearingen  5. . . .  .Smithfield. 

Taylor  Webster Hamilton. 

Eli'sha  Whittlesey  6 Canfield. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Andrew  W.  Loomis,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  20, 1837. 
resigned;  took  his  seat  Pec.  3,  1838.  3  Resigned  in  1838.  *  Resigned  in  183T. 
resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1838.  "  Resigned  July  9, 1838. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Elisha  Whittlesey, 
6  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  Kilgore, 


James  Buchanan. 


William  Beatty Butler. 

Richard  Biddle Pittsburg. 

Andrew  Buchanan. .  .Waynesburg. 

Edward  Darlington Chester. 

Edward  Dayies Churchtown. 

Jacob  Fry,  jun Trappe. 

Robert  H.  Hammond Milton. 

Thomas  Henry Beaver. 

Edward  B.  Hubley. . .  .Orwigsburg. 
George  M.  Keim  1 Reading. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

Lancaster.  |  Samuel  McKean. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  Kilgensmith,  jr.Stewartsville. 

Henry  Logan Dillsburg. 

Charles  McClure Carlisle. 

Thos.  M.  T.  McKennan.AVashingt'n. 

Mathias  Morris Doylestown. 

Samuel  W.  Morris..  .Wellsborough. 
Henry  A.  Muhlenberg2. .  .Reading. 

Charles  Naylor  8 Philadelphia. 

Charles  Ogle Somerset. 

Lemuel  Paynter Philadelphia. 


.Burlington. 


David  Petrikin Danville. 

Arnold  Plumer Franklin. 

William  W.  Potter Belief onte. 

David  Potts,  jun Pottstown. 

Luther  Reily Harrisburg. 

John  Sergeant Philadelphia. 

Daniel  Sheffer .• York. 

George  AV.  Toland. . .  .Philadelphia. 
David  D.  Wagener Easton. 


Elected  in  place  of  Henry  A.  Muhlenberg.  resigned ;  took  his  seat  March  17,  1838.        *  Resigned  Feb.  9, 1838. 
place  of  Francis  J.  Harper,  deceased  March  18, 1837,  having  never  taken  his  seat. 


»  Elected  in 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Providence.  |  Asher  Robbins Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Robert  B.  Cranston Newport.  |  Joseph  L.  Tillinghast Providence. 


Nehemiah  R.  Knight. 


John  C.  Calhoun. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.  .Fort  Hill.  |  William  C.  Preston. 


.  Columbia. 


John  Campbell Parnassus. 

AVilliam  K.  Clowney. .  .Union  C.H. 
Franklin  H.  Elmore Columbia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  K.  Griffin Milton. 

Hugh  S.  Legare Charleston. 

Francis  W.  Pickens.Edgeti.eld  C.H. 


Robert  Barnwell  Rhett..  .Beaufort. 

John  P.  Richardson Fulton. 

AV.  Thompson,  jr. .  .Greenville  C.H. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

Ephraim  H.  Foster1 Nashville.    Hugh  Lawson  AVhite Knoxville. 

Felix  Grundy  2 Nashville. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  Felix  Grundy,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1838.       »  Resigned  in  1838. 


THE  TWENTY-FIFTH  CONGEESS. 


97 


John  Bell Nashville. 

William  B.  Campbell Carthage. 

William  B.  Carter Elizabethton. 

Eicbard  Cheatham Springfield. 

John  W.  Crockett Paris. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Abraham  P.  Maury Franklin. 

Abraham  McLellan  .  ..Blountsville. 

James  K.  Polk  1 Columbia. 

Ebenezer  J.  Shields Pulaski. 

William  Stone  2 Delphi. 


Hopkins  L.  Turney. . .  .Winchester. 
Christoph'r  II.  Williams.Lexington. 
Joseph  L.  Williams Knoxville. 


Elected  speaker  Sept.  4, 1837.       2  Took  his  seat  Oct.  C,  1837. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Prentiss Montpelier.  |  Benjamin  Swift . , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Heman  Allen Burlington.    Isaac  Fletcher Lyndon. 

Horace  Everett Windsor.    Hiland  Hall Bennington. 


.St.  Alban's. 


William  Slade Middlebury. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Eichard  E.  Parker  * Snickersville.  I  William  H.  Eoane  2 . 

William  C.  Eives Lindsey's  Store.  | 


.Eichmond. 


Linn  Banks3 Madison  C.H. 

Andrew  Beirne Union. 

James  W.  Bouldin.  .Charlotte  C.H. 
Walter  Coles  . . .  .Eobertson's  Store. 

Eobert  Craig Christiansburg. 

George  C.  Dromgoole Belfast. 

James  Garland Lovingston. 

George  W.  Hopkins Lebanon. 

i  Resigned  in  1837, 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Eobert  M.  T.  Hunter Lloyd's. 

Joseph  Johnson Bridgeport. 

John  W.  Jones Petersburg. 

Francis  Mallory Hampton. 

James  M.  Mason Winchester. 

Charles  F.  Mercer Aldie. 

William  S.  Morgan White  Day. 

John  M.  Patton4. .  .Fredericksburg. 


I.  S.  Pennybacker. 
Francis  E.  Eives.. 
John  Eobertson . . 
Archibald  Stuart . 
John  Taliaferro. . . 
Henry  A.  Wise... 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Richard  E.  Parker,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Sept.  4, 1837. 
John  M.  Patton,  resigned;  took  his  seat  May  19, 1838.       *  Resigned  in  1838. 


. .  .Harrisonburg. 

Littleton. 

Eichmond. 

Mount  Airy. 

.  Fredericksburg. 
. ..Accoinac  C.H. 


Elected  in  place  of 


FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Charles  Downing St.  Augustine. 


IOWA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


William  "W.  Chapman. 


..Burlington. 


WISCONSIN  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATES. 


James  Duane  Doty  1 Astor.  |  George  W.  Jones 2 Sinsinawa  Mound. 


1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  W.  Jones ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  14,  1837. 

James  D.  Doty. 


»  Election  successfully  contested  by 


98  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  TWENTY-SIXTH  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1839,  to  July  21,  1840.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1841. 


Vice-President. — RICHARD  M.  JOHNSON  of  Kentucky.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — "WILLIAM  R. 
KING  of  Alabama,  again  elected  July  20,  1840,  and  again  elected  March  3,  1841.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  — 
ASBUKY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  R.  M.  T.  HUNTER  of  Virginia.     Clerk  of  the  House.  —  HUGH  A.  GARLAND  of  Virginia. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

Clement  C.  Clay Huntsville.  |  William  R.  King  1 Selma. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Reuben  Chapman Somerville.  I  James  Dillett Claiborne.  I  Dixon  H.  Lewis.  .Lowndesborough. 

George  W.  Crabb Tuscaloosa.  |  David  Hubbard Courtland.  | 

1  President  pro  tern. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
William  S.  Fulton Little  Rock.  |  Ambrose  H.  Sevier Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Edward  Cross Washington. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


Thaddeus  Betts  1 Norwalk. 

Jabez  W.  Huntington  2 Norwich. 


Perry  Smith New  Milford. 


Wm.  W.  Boardman3.  .New  Haven. 

John  H.  Brockway Ellington. 

Thomas  B.  Osborne Fairheld. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Truman  Smith Litchfield. 

William  L.  Storrs4...  .Middletown. 
Joseph  Truinbull Hartford. 


Thomas  W.  Williams. New  London. 


1  Died  April  7,  1840.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Thaddeus  Betts,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  June  2, 1840.       »  Elected  in  place  of 
William  L.  Storrs,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1840.       *  Resigned  in  1840. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Richard  H.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Thomas  Clayton New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Thomas  Robinson,  jun Georgetown. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

Alfred  Cuthbert Monticello.  |  Wilson  Lumpkin Athens. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Julius  C.  Alford La  Grange. 

Edward  J.  Black  .  Jacksonborough. 

Walter  T.  Colquitt1 Columbus. 

Mark  A.  Cooper Columbus. 


Wm.  C.  Dawson Greensborough. 

Ricli'd  W.  Habersham  .Clarkesvifle. 

Hines  Holt2 

Thomas  Butler  King..Waynesville. 


Eugenius  A.  Nisbet Macon. 

Lott  Warren Palmyra. 


Resigned  in  1840,       *  Elected  in  place  of  Walter  T.  Colquitt,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  1, 1841. 


THE  TWENTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


99 


ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 
John  M.  Robinson Carmi.  |  Richard  M.  Young 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Zadok  Casey Mount  Vernon.  |  John  Eeynolds Belleville.  |  John  T.  Stuart. 


Quincy. 

.Springfield. 


INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 
Oliver  H,  Smith Indianapolis.  |  Albert  S.  White 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Henry  S.  Lane2. . .  Crawfordsville. 


.Lafayette. 


John  Carr Charlestown. 

John  W.  Davis Carlisle. 

Tilghman  A.  Howard *. .  .Rockville. 


. 

George  H.  Proffit Petersburg. 

James  Rariden Centre  ville. 


Thoinas  Smith Versailles. 

William  W.  Wick Indianapolis. 


1  Resigned  in  1840.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Tilghman  A.  Howard,  resigned;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  7, 1840. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  Clay Lexington.  |  John  J.  Crittenden Frankfort. 


Simeon  H.  Anderson1.  ..Lancaster. 
Landaff  W.  Andrews  .Flemingsb'g. 

Linn  Boyd Belle  view. 

William  O.  Butler Carrollton. 

Garrett  Davis , Paris. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Graves New  Castle. 

Willis  Green Greens. 

Richard  Hawes Winchester. 

John  Pope Springfield. 

John  B.  Thompson2. . Harrodsburg. 


Philip  Triplett Owensborough. 

Joseph  Underwood .  Bowling  Green. 

John  White Richmond. 

Sherrod  Williams Monticello. 


1  Died  Aug.  11,  1840.        «  Elected  in  place  of  Simeon  H.  Anderson,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1840. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  Mouton , Veruiilionville.  |  Robert  C.  Nicholas Donaldsonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Moore  2 Franklin. 

Edward  D.  White Thibodeaux ville. 


Thomas  W.  Chinn Baton  Rouge. 

Rice  Garland v Opelousas. 


Resigned  in  1840.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Rice  Garland,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  17, 1840. 


John  Ruggles 


Hugh  J.  Anderson Belfast. 

Nathan  Clifford Newfteld. 

Thomas  Davee Blan chard. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomaston.  |  Reuel  Williams. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Evans Gardiner. 

Joshua  A.  Lowell East  Machias. 

Virgil  D.  Parris Buckfield. 


-Augusta. 


Benjamin  Randall Bath. 

Albert  Smith Portland. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

John  Leeds  Ker  1 Easton.    John  S.  Spence  2. 

William  D.  Merrick Allen's  Fresh. 


.Berlin. 


James  Carroll Baltimore. 

John  Dennis Princess  Anne. 

Solomon  Hillen,  jnn Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Jenifer Milton  Hill. 

William  Cost  Johnson  . .  .Jefferson. 
Francis  Thomas Frederick. 


Philip  F.  Thomas Easton. 

John  T.  H.  Worthington.  .Shawan. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  S.  Spence,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  13,  1841.        2  Died  in  1840. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


Isaac  C.  Bates  * Northampton. 

lluf  us  Choate  2 Boston. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Davis,  resigned;  took  his  seat  January,  1811. 
his  scat  March  1,  18-11.        8  Resigned  in  1840. 


John  Davis  3 Worcester. 

Daniel  \Vebster4 Boston. 

2  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  Webster,  resigned;  took 
*  Reigned  Feb.  22, 1841. 


100 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

Osmyn  Baker * Ainherst. 

George  N.  Briggs Lanesborough. 

William  B.  Calhoun Springfield. 

Caleb  dishing Newburyport. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  S.  Hastings Mendon. 

Abbott  Lawrence  2 Boston. 

Leyi  Lincoln Worcester. 

William  Parmenter.  .E.  Cambridge. 
John  Reed Yarmouth. 


Leverett  Saltonstall Salem. 

Henry  Williams Taunton. 

Robert  C.  Wintlxrop  3 Boston. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested;  elected  in  place  of  James  C.  Alvord,  died  Sept.  30,  1839,  having  never  taken  his  seat. 
2  Resigned  in  1840.       3  Elected  in  place  of  Abbott  Lawrence,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1840. 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
John  Norvell Detroit.  |  Augustus  S.  Porter Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Isaac  E.  Crary Marshall. 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

John  Henderson Pass  Christian.  |  Robert  J.  Walker. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Albert  J.  Brown Gallatin.  |  Jacob  Thompson  . 


.  Madison  ville. 
Pontotoc. 


MISSOUEI. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis.  |  Louis  F.  Linn 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  Jameson Fulton.  |  John  Miller. . . 


,  .St.  Genevieve. 
.Conner's  Mills. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  Hubbard Charlestown.  |  Franklin  Pierce . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Concord. 


Charles  G.  Atherton Nashua. 

Edmund  Burke Newport. 


Ira  A.  Eastman Gilmanton. 

Tristram  Shaw Exeter. 


Jared  W.  Williams Lancaster. 


NEW    JEESEY. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  L.  Southard Trenton.  |  Garret  D.  Wall Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Kille  * Salem. 

Jos.  F.  Randolph. New  Brunswick. 

Election  unsuccessfully  contested ;  took  his  seat  March  10, 1840. 


Wm.  R.  Cooper  i. .  .Swedesborough. 
Philemon  Dickerson l Paterson. 


Daniel  B.  Ryall  1 Freehold. 

Peter  D.  Vroom l Somerville. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge. 


Judson  Allen Harpersville. 

Daniel  I).  Barnard Albany. 

David  P.  Brewster Oswego. 

Anson  Brown1 Ballston. 

Thomas  C.  Chittenden Adams. 

John  C.  Clark Bainbridge. 

Edward  Curtis New  York. 

Amasa  Dana Ithaca. 

Nicholas  B.  Doe2 Waterford. 

Andrew  W.  Doig Lowville. 

Neheiniah  H.  Earl Syracuse. 

John  Ely Coxsackie. 

Millard  Fillmore Buffalo. 

John  Fine Ogdensburg. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 

.  ..Poughkeepsie.  |  Silas  Wright,  jun. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  D.  Floyd Utica. 

Seth  M.  Gates Leroy. 

Francis  P.  Granger. .  .Canandaigua. 

Moses  H.  Grinnell New  York. 

Augustus  C.  Hand.  .Elizabethtown. 

Ogden  Hoffman New  York. 

Hiram  P.  Hunt Troy. 

Thomas  B.  Jackson Newtown. 

Charles  Johnston. . .  .Poughkeepsie. 

Nathaniel  Jones Warwick. 

Gouverneur  Kemble. .  .Cold  Spring. 

Thomas  Kempshall Rochester. 

Stephen  B.  Leonard Owego. 

Meredith  Mallory. .  Hammondsport. 


.Canton. 


Richard  P.  Marvin Jamestown. 

Charles  F.  Mitchell Lockport. 

James  Monroe New  York. 

J.  De  La  Montanya Haverstraw. 

Christopher  Morgan Aurora. 

Rufus  Palen Fallsburg. 

Luther  C.  Peck Pike. 

John  H.  Prentiss Cooperstpwn. 

Edward  Rogers Madison. 

David  Russell Saloiu. 

Tlieron  R.  Strong Palmyra. 

Aaron  Vanderpoel Kinder! look. 

Peter  J.  Wagner Fort  Plain. 


1  Died  June  14, 1840.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Anson  Brown,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1840. 


THE   TWENTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


101 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Bedford  Brown  1 Brown's  Store.  I  Willie  P.  Mangnm  3 Eed  Mountain 

William  A.  Graham2 Hillsborough.  |  llobert  Strange 4 Fayetteville! 


Jesse  A.  Bynum Halifax. 

Henry  W.  Connor.  .Sherrill's  Ford. 
Edmund  Deberry..  .Lawrence ville. 

Charles  Fisher Salisbury. 

James  Graham. . .  .Rutherfordtown. 

i  Resigned  in  1840. 


REPRESENT  ATI  VES . 

Mieajah  T.  Hawkins Warrenton. 

John  Hill Germantowii. 

James  McKay Elizabethtown. 

William  Montgomery Albrights. 

Kenneth  Rayner Winton. 


Charles  Shepard Newbern. 

Edward  Stanly Washington. 

Lewis  Williams Panther  Creek. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  Strange,  resigned;  took  his  seat  4)00.  10,  1840.       »  Elected  in  place  of 
Bedford  Brown,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  9,  1840.       *  Resigned  ^  *&2o.' 


OHIO. 


William  Allen. 


SENATORS. 
.Chillicothe.  |  Benjamin  Tappan Steubenville. 


John  W.  Allen Cleveland. 

William  Key  Bond Chillicothe. 

Thomas  Corwin  ! Lebanon. 

William  Doan Withamsville. 

Alexander  Duncan Cincinnati. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 

Patrick  G.  Goode Sidney. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Hastings Salem. 

Daniel  P.  Leadbetter  . .  Millersburg. 

Samson  Mason Springfield. 

William  Medill Lancaster. 

Calvary  Morris Athens. 

J.  Morrow2 Twenty  Mile  Stand. 

Isaac  Parrish Cambridge. 


Joseph  Ridgway Columbus. 

David  A.  Starkweather Canton. 

Henry  Swearingen Smithfield. 

George  Sweney Bucyrus. 

Jonathan  Taylor Newark. 

John  B.  Weller Hamilton. 


Resigned  in  1840.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Corwiu,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1840. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


James  Buchanan , 


William  Beatty Butler. 

Richard  Biddle  * Pittsburg. 

Hen'y  M.  Breckenridge a.Tarentum. 

James  Cooper Gettysburg. 

Edward  Davies Churchtown. 

John  Davis Davisville. 

John  Edwards Ivy  Mills. 

Joseph  Fornance Norristown. 

John  Galbraith Erie. 

James  Gerry Shrewsbury. 


SENATORS. 

Lancaster.  |  Daniel  Sturgeon  , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  H.  Hammond Milton. 

Thomas  Henry Beaver. 

Enos  Hook Waynesburg. 

Francis  James West  Chester. 

George  M.  Keim Reading. 

Isaac  Leet Washington. 

Albert  G.  Man-hand. .  .Greensburg. 

Charles  McClure8 Carlisle. 

George  McCulloch4. . .  .Centre  Line. 
Samuel  W.  Morris. . .  Wellsborough. 


.Uniontown. 


Charles  Naylor5 Philadelphia. 

Peter  Newhard Allentown. 

Charles  Ogle Somerset. 

Lemuel  Paynter Philadelphia. 

David  Petrikin Danville. 

William  S.  Ramsey  6 Carlisle. 

John  Sergeant Philadelphia. 

William  Simonton.  .Hummelstown. 

George  W.  Toland Philadelphia. 

David  D.  Wagener Easton. 


1  Resigned  in  1840.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Richard  Biddle,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  10,  1840.  «  Elected  in  place  of 
William  S.  Ramsey,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1840.  4  Elected  in  place  of  William  W.  Potter,  deceased  in  1S39;  took 
Ms  seat  Dec.  2, 1839.  6  Seat  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  J.  Ingersoll.  *  Died  in  1840. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Nathan  F.  Dixon Westerly.  |  Nehemiah  R.  Knight. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Robert  B.  Cranston Newport.  |  Joseph  L.  Tillinghast. 


.Providence. 


.Providence. 


John  C.  Calhoun . 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.  .Fort  Hill.  I  William  C.  Preston , 


.Columbia. 


Samson  H.  Butler. .  .Barnwell  C.H. 

John  Campbell Parnassus. 

John  K.  Griffin Newberry  C.H. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  E.  Holmes Charleston. 

Francis  W.  Pirkens.Edgefield  C.H. 
R.  Barnwell  Rhett Blue  House. 


James  Rogers Maybinton. 

Thomas  D.  Suinter Slatesburg. 

W.  Thompson,  jun.  .Greenville  C.H. 


TENNESSEE. 


Alexander  Anderson l Knoxville. 

Felix  Grundy  2 Nashville. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Hugh  Lawson  White,  resigned  ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  26,  1840. 
of  Felix  Grundy,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  11,  1841. 


SENATORS. 

A.  O.  P.  Nicholsons  ........................  Columbia. 

Hugh  Lawson  White  *  .....................  Knoxville. 

2  Died  Dec.  19,  1840.       «  Appointed  in  place 
Resigned  Jan.  13,  1840. 


102 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Bell Nashville. 

Julius  W.  Blackwell Athens. 

Aaron  V.  Brown Pulaski. 

William  B.  Campbell Carthage. 

"William  B.  Carter. . .  .Elizabethton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  TV.  Crockett Trenton. 

Meredith  P.  Gentry Harpeth. 

Cave  Johnson Clarksville. 

Abraham  McClellan. . .  Blountsville. 
Hopkins  L.  Turney. . .  .Winchester. 


Harvey  M.  Watterspn. .  Shelby ville. 
Christoph'r  H.  Williams. Lexington. 
Joseph  L.  Williams Knoxville. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  &  Ph,elps. Middlebury.  |  Samuel  Prentiss Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Horace  l\ter<?tf;U.-.V.iLc. "Windsor.  I  Hiland  Hall Bennington.  !  John  Smith St.  Alban's. 

Isaac  ?i£t<-iierr  i < .  > ,...».:  ^T'jTdOn.  j  William  Slade Middlebury.  | 


William  C.  Rives1. 


Linn  Banks Madison  C.H. 

Andrew  Beirne Union. 

John  M.  Botts Richmond. 

Walter  Coles Robertson's  Store. 

Robert  Craig Christiansburg. 

George  C.  Droomgoole Gaston. 

James  Garland Lovingston. 

William  L.  Goggin Liberty. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

.Lindsey's  Store.  |  William  H.  Roane 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Hill Buckingham  C.H. 

Joel  Holleman2 Burwell  Bay. 

George  W.  Hopkins Lebanon. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter  3 Lloyd's. 

Joseph  Johnson Bridgeport. 

John  W.  Jones Petersburg. 

William  Lucas Charlestown. 

Francis  Mallory  4 Hampton. 


.Richmond. 


Charles  F.  Mercer6 Aldie. 

William  M.  McCarty  6.  .Alexandria. 

Francis  E.  Rives Littleton. 

Green  B.  Samuels Woodstock. 

Lewis  Steenrod TVheeling. 

John  Taliaferro. . .  .Fredericksburg. 
Henry  A.  Wise Accomac  C.H. 


i  Took  his  seat  Jan.  30, 1841. 
man,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  1841. 
Beat  Jan.  25, 1840. 


Resigned  in  1840.       8  Elected  speaker  Dec.  16, 1839.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Joel  Holle- 
*  Resigned  Dec.  26, 1839.       6  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  F.  Mercer,  resigned;  took  his 


FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Charles  Downing St.  Augustine. 


William  W.  Chapman . 


IOWA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 

.Burlington.  |  Augustus  C.  Dodge1 , 
i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  8, 1840. 


.Burlington. 


WISCONSIN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
James  D.  Doty Ashton. 


THE   TWENTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS.  103 


THE    TWENTY-SEVENTH   CONGKESS. 


First  Session,  from  May  31,  1841,  to  Sept.  13,  1841.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1841,  to  Aug.  31, 
1842.     Third  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  TrtEB1  of  Virginia.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —SAMUEL  L.  SOUTHARD 
of  New  Jersey;  WILLIE  P.  MAKGUM  of  North  Carolina,  elected  May  31, 1842.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  ASBURY 
DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.— JOHN  WHITE  of  Kentucky.  Clerk  of  the  House. —MATTHEW  ST.  CLATR  CLARKB 
of  Pennsylvania. 

*  Became  President  by  the  death  of  William  Henry  Harrison. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Arthur  P.  Bagby  * I  William  R.  King Selma. 

Clement  C.  Clay2 Huntsville.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Reuben  Chapman Somerville.  I  Dixon  H.  Lewis.  .Lowndesborough.  I  Benjamin  D.  Shields.. .  .Demopolis. 

George  S.  Houston Athens.  |  William  W.  Payne Gainesville.  | 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Clement  C.  Clay,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  27, 1841.       *  Resigned  in  1841. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
William  S.  Fulton Little  Rock.  |  Ambrose  Sevier Lake  Port 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Edward  Cross Washington. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Jabez  W.  Huntington Norwich.  |  Perry  Smith New  Milf ord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  W.  Boardman.New  Haven.  I  Thomas  B.  Osborne Fairfield.  I  Joseph  Trumbull Hartford. 

John  H.  Brockway Ellington.  |  Truman  Smith Litchfield.  |  Thomas  W.  Williams. New  London. 

DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 

Richard  H.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Thomas  Clayton New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  B.  Rodney Newcastle. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

JohnM.  Berrien Savannah.  |  Alfred  Cuthbert Monticello. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  C.  Dawson.Greensborough. 

Thomas  F.  Foster Columbus. 

Roger  L.  Gamble Louisville. 

Richard  W.  Habersham,5 


Julius  C.  Alford La  Grange. 

Edward  J.  Black  i.Jacksouborough. 

Walter  T.  Colquitt2 Columbus. 

Mark  A.  Cooper3 Columbus. 

George  W.  Crawford  4 Augusta. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  2, 1842.        *  Took  his  seat  Feb.  1, 1842.        3  Took  his  seat  Feb.  1, 1842.       *  Elected  In  place  of  Richard 
W.  Habersham,  deceased;  took  liis  seat  Feb.  1, 1843.       s  Died  Dec.  2, 1842. 


Clarkesville. 


Thomas  Butler  King. .  Waynesville. 

James  A.  Meri wether Edeuton. 

Eugenius  A.  Nisbet Macon. 

Lott  Warren Palmyra. 


104 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  McRoberts Danville.  |  Richard  M.  Young Quincy. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Zadock  Casey  * Mt.  Vernon.  |  John  Reynolds  2 Belleville.  |  John  T.  Stuart 8 Springfield. 

1  Took  his  seat  Sept.  1, 1841.        2  Took  his  seat  Aug.  23, 1841.       »  Took  his  seat  Aug.  18, 1841. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Oliver H.  Smith Indianapolis.  |  Alberts.  White, 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  H.  Cravens Marion. 

Andrew  Kennedy  . . .  .Muncietown. 
Henry  S.  Lane Crawfordsville. 


George  H.  Proffit Petersburg. 

Richard  W.  Thompson. . .  .Bedford. 
David  "Wallace Indianapolis. 


.Lafayette. 


Joseph  L.  White Madison. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  Clay l Lexington.  I  James  T.  Morehead  , 

John  J.  Crittenden  2 Frankfort. 


.Frankfort. 


Landaff  W.  Andrews, 

Flemingsburgh. 

Linn  Boyd Belle  view. 

William  O.  Butler Carrolton. 

Garrett  Davis Paris. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Willis  Green Greene. 

Thomas  F.  Marshal Versailles. 

Bryan  Y.  Owsley Jamestown. 

John  Pope Springfield. 

James  C.  Sprigg Shelby ville. 


John  B.  Thompson. .  .Harrodsburg. 

Philip  Triple tt Owensborough. 

Joseph  Underwood. Bowling  Green. 
John  White  8 Richmond. 


Resigned  March  31,  1842. 


Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Clay,  resigned;  took  hia  seat  March  31. 1842. 
May  31, 1841. 


»  Elected  speaker 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Alexander  Barrow Baton  Rouge. 


Alexander  Mouton  2 Vermilionville. 


Charles  M.  Conrad l New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Dawson. .  .St.  Francisville.  |  John  Moore Franklin.  |  Edward  D.  White. Thibodeauxville. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  Mouton,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  April  14, 1842.       *  Resigned  in  1842. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

George  Evans Gardiner.  |  Reuel  Williams Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Elisha  H.  Allen Bangor. 

David  Bronson l Anson. 

Nathan  Clifford Newfield. 


William  P.  Fessenden. . .  .Portland. 
Nathaniel  S.  Littlefield.  .Bridgeton. 
Joshua  A.  Lowell2 Machias. 


Alfred  Marshall China. 

Benjamin  Randall Bath. 


Elected  hi  place  of  George  Evans,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  May  31, 1841.       *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested. 


John  Leeds  Ker . 


MAKYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
.Easton.  |  William  D.  Merrick. 


,  Allen's  Fresh. 


William  Cost  Johnson  . . .  Jefferson. 

Isaac  D.  Jones Princess  Anne. 

John  P.  Kennedy Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  T.  Mason Hagerstown. 

James  A.  Pearce Chestertown. 

Alexander  Randall Annapolis. 

i  Died  Dec.  2, 1842. 


Augustus  R.  Sollers, 

Prince  Frederick. 
James  W.  Williams  *.  .Churchville. 


Isaac  C.  Bates , 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
.Northampton.  |  Rufus  Choate 


.Boston. 


THE  TWENTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


105 


John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

Nathan  Appleton l Boston. 

Osmyn  Baker Amherst. 

Nathaniel  B.  Borden Fall  River. 

George  N.  Briggs Lanesborough. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Barker  Burnell Nantncket. 

William  B.  Calhoun Springfield 

Caleb  Gushing Newburvport. 

William  S.  Hastings  2 Mendon. 

Charles  Hudson Westminster. 


William  Parmenter.  .E.  Cambridge 

Leverett  Salton stall Salem' 

Robert  C.  Winthrop  * Boston' 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  resigned;  took  his  seat  June  9,  1842;  resided  in  1842         2  Mod  Tn™  17   isuo 
3  Resigned  May  25, 1842;  subsequently  elected  in  place  of  Nathan  Appleton,  resigned,  and  took  his  sea?  Bee  ™lsL.'    8*2' 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
Augustus  S.  Porter. Detroit.  |  William  Woodbridge Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jacob  M.  Howard 

Detroit. 

MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

John  Henderson Paso  Christian.  |  Robert  J.  Walker MadisonviUe. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  M.  Gwin1 Vicksburg.  |  Jacob  Thompson 2 Oxford. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  23, 1841.        2  Took  his  seat  Dec.  9, 1842. 

MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis.  |  Louis  F.  Linn St.  Genevieve. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  C.  Edwards Jefferson  City.  |  John  Miller Gooch's  Mils. 

NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Franklin  Pierce  i. Concord.    Levi  Woodbury .Portsmouth. 

Leonard  Wilcox  2 Oxford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  G.  Atherton Nashua.    Ira  A.  Eastman Gilmanton.    Tristram  Shaw  . .  .  .Exeter 

Edmund  Burke Newport.    John  R.  Reding Haverhill. 

1  Resigned  in  1842.       2  Appointed  in  place  of  Franklin  Pierce,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  7, 1842;  subsequently  elected  by 

the  legislature. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

William  L.  Dayton  1 Trenton.     Samuel  L.  Southard  2 Trenton. 

Jacob  W.  Miller Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Aycrigg Pyramus.     John  P.  B.  Maxwell Belvidere.  I  Charles  C.  Stratton.  Swedesborougb, 

William  Halstead Treuton.    Jos.  F.  Randolph.  .New  Brunswick.  |  Thomas  Jones  Yorke Salem. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  Samuel  S.  Southard,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1842;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature. 
2  President  pro  tern.;  resigned  May  31, 1842;  died  June  26,  1842. 

NEW   YORK. 
SENATORS. 

Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge Poughkeepsie.  |  Silas  Wright,  jun Canton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  Babcock Gaines.  Charles  G.  Ferris New  York.    John  McKeon New  York. 

Daniel  D.  Barnard Albany.  Millard  Fillmore Buffalo.    Christopher  Morgan Aurora. 

Victory  Birdseye Ponipey.  Charles  A.  Floyd Comrnack.    William  M.  Oliver Penn  Yan. 

Barnard  Blair Salem.  John  G.  Floyd' Utica.    Samuel  Patridge Elmira. 

Samuel  S.  Bowne Cooperstown.  A.  Lawrence  Foster. . .  .Morrisville.    Lewis  Rigsjs Homer. 

David  P.  Brewster Oswego.  Seth  M.  Gates Lcroy.    James  I.  Roosevelt New  York. 

Timothy  Cliilds Rochester.  Samuel  Gordon Delhi.    John  Sanford Amsterdam. 

Thomas  C.  Chittenden Adams.  Francis  Granger1 Canandaigua.  Thomas  A.  Tomlinson  .  .Ivecseville. 

John  C.  Clark Bainbridge.  John  Greig2 Canandaigua.    John  Van  Bureu Kingston. 

Staley  N.  Clarke Ellicottsville.  Jacob  Houck,  juu Sclioharie.  Henry  Van  Rcusselaer.Ogdensburg. 

James  G.  Clinton Newburg.  Hiram  P.  Hunt Troy.    Aaron  Ward Mt.  Pleasant. 

Richard  D.  Davis Poughkeepsie.  Archibald  L.  Linn Schenectady.    Fernando  Wood New  York. 

Andrew  W.  Doig Lowville.  John  Maynard Seneca  Falls.    John  Young Genesee. 

Joseph  Egbert Tompkinsville.  Robert  McClellan Hudson. 

1  Elected  in  placo  of  John  Greig,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1841.       2  Resigned  in  1841. 


106 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


William  A.  Graham. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
.Hillsborough.  |  "Willie  P.  Mangum1. 


.Red  Mountain. 


Archibald  H.  Arrington, 

Hilliardston. 

Green  W.  Caldwell Charlotte. 

John  R.  J.  Daniel Halifax. 

Edmund  Deberry  . .  .Lawrenceville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Graham Rutherfordton. 

James  J.  McKay. . .  .Elizabethtown. 
Anderson  Mitchell2. .  .Wilkesboro'. 

Kenneth  Rayner Winton. 

Abraham  Rencher Pittsborough. 


Romulus  M.  Saunders Raleigh. 

Augustus  H.  Shepperd Salem. 

Edward  Stanly Washington. 

William  H.  Washington. .  Newbern. 
Lewis  Williams3  . .  .Panther  Creek. 


Elected  president  pro  tern.  May  31, 1842,  in  place  of  Samuel  L.  Southard,  resigned.      2  Elected  in  place  of  Lewis  Williams, 
deceased;  took  his  seat  April  27, 1842.       »  Died  Feb.  23, 1842. 


William  Allen. 


Sherlock  J.  Andrews 
Benjamin  S.  Co  wen.. 
Ezra  Dean 
William  Doan 
Joshua  R.  Giddings 
Patrick  G.  Goode ... 
John  Hastings 


....Cleveland. 
St.  Clairsville. 
Wooster. 
Withamsville. 

Jefferson. 

Sidney. 

Salem. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 
...... Chillicothe.  |  Benjamin Tappan. , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samson  Mason Springfield. 

James  Mathews Coshocton. 

Joshua  Mathiot Newark. 

William  Medill Lancaster. 

Calvary  Morris Athens. 

Jeremiah  Morrow, 

Twenty  Mile  Stand. 


.Steubenville. 


Nathaniel  G.  Pendleton .  Cincinnati. 

Joseph  Ridgway Columbus. 

William  Russell Portsmouth. 

Samuel  Stokely Steubenville. 

George  S weney Bucyrus. 

John  B.  Weller Hamilton. 


James  Buchanan. 


Resigned  March  22, 1842;  re-elected,  and  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1842. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
.Lancaster.  |  Daniel  Sturgeon. 


.Uniontown. 


Henry  W.  Beeson TJniontown. 

Benjamin  A.  Bidlack.  .Wilkesbarre. 

Henry  Black  1 

Charles  Brown Philadelphia. 

Jeremiah  Brown Goshen. 

James  Cooper Gettysburg. 

Davis  Dimock,  jun.2 Montrose. 

John  Edwards Ivy  Mills. 

Joseph  Fornance Norristown. 

James  Gerry Shrewsbury. 

Amos  Gustine Mifflintown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Henry Beaver. 

Charles  J.  Ingersoll. .  .Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll3.  .Philadelphia. 

James  Irviii Milesburg. 

William  W.  Irwin Pittsburg. 

William  Jack Brookeville. 

Francis  James West  Chester. 

George  M.  Keim Reading. 

Joseph  Lawrence4 . . .  .Washington. 
Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan, 

Washington. 


Albert  G.  Marchand. .  .Greensburg. 

Peter  Newhard Allentown. 

Arnold  Plumer Franklin. 

Robert  Ramsey Hartsville. 

Almon  H.  Read  5 Montrose. 

James  M.  Russell 6 Bedford. 

John  Sergeant  f Philadelphia. 

William  Simonton.  .Hummelstown. 

John  Snyder Selin's  Grove. 

George  W.  Toland Philadelphia. 

John  Westbrook.Dingmau's  Ferry. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  Ogle,  deceased  May  10, 1841 ;  died  Nov.  28, 1841.  2  Died  Jan.  13, 1842.  »  Elected  in  place 
of  John  Sergeant,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  9, 1841.  *  Died  April  17, 1842.  6  Elected  in  place  of  Davis  Dimock,  jun., 
deceased ;  took  his  seat  March  18,  1842.  «  Elected  in  place  of  Joseph  Lawrence,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  3,  1842. 
»  Resigned  in  1841. 

RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 


Nathan  F.  Dixon1 Westerly.  I  William  Sprague2. 

James  F.  Simmons Providence. 


.Natick. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Robert  B.  Cranston Newport.  |  Joseph  L.  Tillinghast. 


.Providence. 


1  Died  Jan.  29, 1842,       »  Elected  in  place  of  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Feb.  18, 1842. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

John  C.  Calhoun Fort  Hill.  I  William  C.  Preston  2. 

George  McDuffie  1 Edgefield  C.  H.  | 


.Columbia. 


Samson  H.  Butler3.  .Barnwell  C.  H. 

William  Butler Greenville  C.  H; 

Patrick  C.  Caldwell.Newberry  C.  H. 
John  Campbell Parnassus. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  E.  Holmes Charleston. 

Francis  W.  Pickens.Edgetield  C.  H. 
Robert  Barnwell  Rhett.Blue  House. 
James  Rogers Maybiugton. 


Thomas  D.  Sumter Statesburg. 

S.  W.  Trotti4 Barnwell  C.  H. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  William  C.  Preston,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  January,  1843.        *  Resigned  in  1842. 
*  Elected  in  place  of  Samson  H.  Butler,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  17, 1842. 


»  Resigned  to  1842. 


THE  TWENTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


107 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Vacant.    Spencer  Jarnagan  did  not  take  his  seat  till  I  Alfred  O.  P.  Nicholson 
next  Congress. 


.Columbia. 


Thomas  T.  Arnold Greenville. 

Aaron  V.  Brown Pulaski. 

Milton  Brown Jackson. 

Thomas  J.  Campbell Athens. 

"William  B.  Campbell Carthage. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  L.  Caruthers Lebanon. 

Meredith  P.  Gentry Harpeth. 

Cave  Johnson Clarksville. 

Abraham  McClellan .  .Blountsville. 
Hopkins  L.  Turney. . .  .Winchester. 


Harvey  M.  Watterson.  .Shelbyville. 
Christoph'r  H.  Williams. Lexington. 
Joseph  L.  Williams Knoxville. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 


Samuel  C.  Crafts  1 Craf tsbury. 


Samuel  Prentiss  2 Montpelier. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps Middlebury. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Horace  Everett Windsor.    John  Mattocks Peacham.  I  Augustus  Young Johnson. 

Hiland  Hall Bennington.    William  Slade Middlebury.  | 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  Samuel  Prentiss,  resigned;  took  his  seat  April  30, 1842.       *  Resigned  La  1842. 


William  S.  Archer . 


Linn  Banks  * Madison  C.  H. 

Richard  W.  Barton Winchester. 

John  M.  Botts Richmond. 

George  B.  Gary  . .  .Bethlehem  C.  H. 
Walter  Coles  . . .  .Robertson's  Store. 
Thomas  W.  Gilmer.  .Charlottesyille. 

William  L.  Goggin Otterbridge. 

William  O.  Goode Boydton. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Elk  Hill.  |  William  C.  Rives 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  A.  Harris Luray. 

Samuel  L.  Hays. . .  .Stuard's  Creek. 

George  W.  Hopkins Lebanon. 

Edmund  W.  Hubard Curdsville. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter Lloyd's. 

John  W.  Jones Petersburg. 

Francis  Mallory Hampton. 

Cuthbert  Powell Upperville. 


.Bentivoglio. 


William  Smith  2  . . .  .Culpeper  C.  H. 

Lewis  Steenrod Wheeling. 

Alexander  H.  H.  Stuart.  Staunton. 

George  W.  Summers Kanawha. 

John  Taliaf  erro . . .  .Fredericksburg. 
Henry  A.  Wise Accomac  C.  H. 


1  Seat  successfully  contested  by  "William  Smith.       2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Linn  Banks ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1841. 

FLORIDA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
David  Levy St.  Augustine. 


IOWA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Augustus  C.  Dodge. 


.Burlington. 


WISCONSIN  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Henry  Dodge : 


.Dodgeville. 


Took  his  seat  Deo.  7, 1841. 


108  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  TWENTY-EIGHTH  CONGEESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1843,  to  June  17,  1844.      Second  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1844,  to  March  3,  1845. 


Vice-President.^    President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  WILLIE  P.  MANGDM  of  North  Carolina.    Secretary  of 
the  Senate.  — ASBUKY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  JOHN  "W.  JONES  of  Virginia.     Speaker  of  the  House  pro  tempore.  —  GEORGE  W.  HOP 
KINS  of  Virginia.     Clerks  of  the  House.  —  MATTHEW  ST.  CLAIR  CLARKE  of  Pennsylvania;  CALEB  J.  MCNULTY  of 
Ohio,  elected  Dec.  6,  1843;  BENJAMIN  B.  FRENCH  of  New  Hampshire,  elected  Jan.  18,  1845. 
1  John  Tyler  became  President  by  the  death  of  William  Henry  Harrison. 


Arthur  P.  Bagby Tuscaloosa. 

"William  R.  King  * Selma. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

Dixon  H.  Lewis  2 Lowndesborough. 


James  E.  Belser Montgomery. 

Reuben  Chapman Somerville. 

James  Dellet Claiborne. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  S.  Houston Athens. 

Dixon II.  Lewis  2.Lowndesborough. 
Felix  G.  McConnell Talladega. 


"William  W.  Payne Gainesville. 

"William  L.  Yancey  3. .  ."Wetumpka. 


1  Resigned  April  15, 1844.       2  Appointed  senator  in  place  of  William  R.  King,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  May  7, 1844.       *  Elected 
in  place  of  Dixon  H.  Lewis,  appointed  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1844. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Chester  Ashley  * Little  Rock.  I  Ambrose  H.  Sevier Lake  Port. 

William  S.  Fulton  a Little  Rock.  | 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  Cross Washington. 

*  Elected  in  place  of  William  S.  Fulton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1844.       z  Died  Aug.  15, 1844. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Jabez  W.  Huntington Norwich.  |  John  M.  Niles Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

George  H.  Catlin Windham.  I  Samuel  Simons Bridgeport. 

Thomas  H.  Seymour Hartford.  |  John  Stewart Middle  Haddam. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Richard  H.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Thomas  Clayton New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  B.  Rodney New  Castle. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

J.  McPhcrson  Berrien Savannah.  |  Walter  T.  Colquitt Columbus. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  J.  Black  .  Jaeksonborongh. 

Absalom  H.  Chanpell Macon. 

Duncan  L.  Clinch  1 St.  Mary's. 


Howell  Cobb Athens. 

Hugh  A  Haralson La  Grange. 

John  H.  Lumpkin Rome. 


John  Mill  en2 Savannah. 

A.  H.  Stephens Crawfordville. 

William  H.  Stiles Cassville. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Milieu,  deceased;  took  his  Beat  Fob.  15, 1844.       >  Died  Oct.  15, 1843. 


THE   TWENTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS. 


109 


Sidney  Breese . 


Stephen  A.  Douglas Quincy. 

Orlando  B.  Ficklin Charleston. 

John  J.  Hardin Jacksonville. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
Carlyle.  |  James  Semple l. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  P.  Hoge Galena. 

John  A.  McClernand  .Shawneeto'n. 
Robert  Smith Upper  Alton. 


.Alton. 


John  "Wentworth Chicago. 


Appointed  in  place  of  Samuel  McRoberts,  deceased  March  27, 1843;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1843;  subsequently  elected  by  the 

legislature. 


Edward  A.  Hannegan. 


William  J.  Brown. . .  .Indianapolis. 

John  W.  Davis Carlisle. 

Thos.  J.  Henley.  .New  Washington. 
Andrew  Kennedy  . . .  .Muncietown. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Covington.  |  Albert  S.  White. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  Dale  Owen  .New  Harmony. 

John  Pettit Lafayette. 

Samuel  C.  Sample South  Bend. 

Caleb  B.  Smith Connersville. 


.Lafayette. 


Thomas  Smith 

Joseph  A.  Wright. 


...  .Versailles. 
Rockville. 


John  J.  Crittenden. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.Frankfort.  I  John  T.  Morehead. 


.Frankfort. 


Linn  Boyd Belleview. 

George  A.  Caldwell Columbia. 

Garrett  Davis Paris. 

Richard  French  . .  ..Mount  Sterling. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Willis  Green Green. 

Henry  Grider Bowling  Green. 

James  W.  Stone Taylorsville. 

William  P.  Thomasson.  .Louisville. 


John  W.  Tibbatts. 
John  White 


.  .Newport. 
.Richmond. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  Barrow Baton  Rouge.    Alexander  Porter  2. 

Henry  Johnson  * New  River. 


Peter  E.  Bossier3 Natchitoches. 

John  B.  Dawson. .  .St.  Francisville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alcee  Labranche New  Orleans.  I  John  Slidell New  Orleans. 

Isaac  E.  Morse4... St.  Martinsville.  | 


Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  Porter,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  March  4, 1844.       2  Died  Jan.  13,  1844. 
*  Elected  in  place  of  Peter  E.  Bossier,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1844. 


*  Died  April  24,  1844. 


George  Evans. 


Shepard  Gary  2 Houlton. 

Robert  P.  Dunlap Brunswick. 

Hannibal  Hauilin Hampden. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Gardiner.  |  John  Fairfield  J. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joshua  Herri ck. .  .Kenuebunkport. 

Freeman  H.  Morse Bath. 

Luther  Severance Augusta. 


.Saco. 


Elected  in  place  of  Reuel  Williams,  resigned  in  1843;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1843. 

seat  Dec.  2, 1844. 


Benjamin  White8 Montville. 


Took  hia  seat  May  10, 1844.       »  Took  his 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Allen' s  Fresh.  |  James  Alfred  Pearce 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Francis  Brengle. . .  .Fredericktown.  I  John  P.  Kennedy Baltimore.  I  Thomas  A.  Spence . 

J.  M.  S.  Causin Leonardtown.    Jacob  A.  Preston.  .PerrymansviUe.  |  John  Wetnered  ... 


William  D.  Merrick , 


.Chestertown. 


Isaac  C.  Bates . 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
.Northampton.  |  Rufus  Choate. 


.Boston. 


110 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Amos  Abbott1 Andover. 

John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

Osmyn  Baker2 Amlierst. 

Joseph  Griuuell New  Bedford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Hiidson "Westminster. 

Daniel  P.  King South  Danvers. 

William  Parmenter.  .E.  Cambridge. 
Julius  Rockwell 3 Pittslield. 


Henry  Williams. 
Robert  C.  Winthrop. 


.Taunton. 
...Boston. 


i  Took  Ms  seat  Feb.  15, 1844.        2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  22, 1844.       »  Took  his  seat  Feb.  2, 1844. 

MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Augustus  S.  Porter. Detroit.  |  William  Woodbridge Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 
James  B.  Hunt Pontiac.  |  Lucius  Lyon Grand  Rapids.  |  Robert  McClelland  ....... .Monroe. 

MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

John  Henderson Pass  Christian.  |  Robert  J.  Walker Madisonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Hammett Princeton.  I  Jacob  Thompson Oxford. 

Robert  W.  Roberts Hillsborough.  |  Tilghman  M.  Tucker Columbus. 

MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 

David  R.  Atchison  J Platte  City.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Gustavus  M.  Bower Paris. 

James  B.  Bowlin St.  Louis. 


James  M.  Hughes Liberty. 

John  Jameson Fulton. 


James  H.  Relfe Caledonia. 


Appointed  in  place  of  Louis  F.  Linn,  deceased  Oct.  3, 1843 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1843 ;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Charles  G.  Atherton Nashua.  |  Levi  Woodbury , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edmund  Burke Newport. 

John  P.  Hale Dover. 


.Portsmouth. 


Moses  Norris,  jun Pittsfield. 

John  R.  Reding Haverhill. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Trenton.  |  Jacob  W.  Miller Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lucius  Q.  C.  Elmer Bridgeton.    L.  Kirkpatrick . . .  .New  Brunswick.  I  William  Wright Newark. 

Isaac  G.  Farlee Flemington.    George  Sykes Mt.  Holly.  | 


William  L.  Dayton. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 


Daniel  S.  Dickinson l Binghamton. 

John  A.  Dix  2 

Henry  A.  Foster3 Rome. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge  4 Poughkeepsie. 

Silas  Wright,  jun.6 Canton. 


Joseph  H.  Anderson. White  Plains. 

Daniel  D.  Barnard Albany. 

Samuel  Beardsley  6 Utica. 

Charles  S.  Benton Mohawk. 

Levi  D.  Carpenter " Watervillo. 

Chas.  II.  Carroll. Groveland  Centre. 
Jeremiah  E.  Cary. .  .Cherry  Valley. 

James  G.  Clinton Newburg. 

Amasa  Dana Ithaca. 

Richard  D.  Davis. . .  .Poughkeepsie. 

Chesselden  Ellis Waterf  ord. 

Hamilton  Fish New  York. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Byram  Green Sodus. 

AVilliam  S.  Hubbell Bath. 

Orville  Hungerford Watertown. 

Washington  Hunt Lockport. 

Preston  King Ogdensburg. 

Moses  G.  Leonard New  York. 

William  B.  Maclay New  York. 

William  A.  Moseley Buffalo. 

Henry  C.  Murphy Brooklyn. 

Thomas  J.  Paterson Rochester. 

J.  Phillips  Phoenix New  York. 

Zadoo  Pratt Prattsville. 


Smith  M.  Purdy Norwich. 

George  Rathbun Auburn. 

Orville  Robinson Mexico. 

Charles  Rogers Sandy  Hill. 

Jeremiah  Russell Saugerties. 

David  L.  Seymour Troy. 

Albert  Smith Batavia. 

Lemuel  Stetson Keeseville. 

Selah  B.  Strong Setauket. 

Asher  Tyler Ellicottsville. 

Horace  Wheaton Pompey . 


1  Appointed  in  place  of  Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  9,  1844;  subsequently  elected  by  the 
legislature.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Silas  Wright,  jun.,  resigned,  Henry  A.  Foster  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  bis 
seat  Jan.  27,  1845.  8  Appointed  in  place  of  Silas  Wright,  jun.,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  9, 1844.  4  Resigned  in  1844. 
8  Resigned  iu  Ib44.  «  Resigned  March  6, 1844.  7  Elected  in  place  of  Samuel  Beardsley,  resigned;  took  bis  seat  Dec.  2,  1844. 


THE   TWENTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS. 


Ill 


William  H.  Haywood. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
Raleigh.  |  Willie  P.  Mangum  1. 


.Red  Mountain. 


A.  H.  Arrington Hilliardston. 

Daniel  M.  Barringer Concord. 

Thomas  L.  Clingman  . . . .  Asheville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  R.  J.  Daniel Halifax. 

Edmund  Deberry. .  .Lawrenceville. 

James  J.  McKay...  Elizabethtown. 

1  President  pro  tern. 


Kenneth  Rayner Winton 

David  S.  Reid Reidsville. 

Romulus  M.  Saunders Raleigh. 


William  Allen. 


Henry  R.  Brinkerhoff1.  .Plymouth. 

Jacob  Brinkerhoff Mansfield. 

Ezra  Dean Wposter. 

Alexander  Duncan Cincinnati. 

Elias  Florence Circlesville. 

Joshua  R.  Giddinga Jefferson. 

Edward  S.  Hainlin  2 Elyria. 

Alexander  Harper ..... .Zanesville. 

»  Died  April  30, 1844. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 

Chillicothe.  |  Benjamin  Tappan. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

PerleyB.  Johnson. McConnellsville. 

James  Mathews Coshocton. 

William  McCauslen. .  .Steubenville. 
Joseph  J.  McDowell  .Hillsborough. 
Hcman  Allen  Moore3  . .  .Columbus. 

Joseph  Morris Woodsiield. 

Emery  D.  Potter Toledo. 

Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 


.Steubenville. 


Henry  St.  John Tiffin. 

Alfred  P.  Stone  4 Columbus. 

Daniel  R.  Tildeu Ravenna. 

Joseph  Vance Urbana. 

John  J.  Vamneter Piketon. 

Samuel  F.  Vintoii Gallipolis. 

John  B.  Weller Hamilton. 


Elected  in  place  of  Henry  R.  Brinkerhoff,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1844. 
Elected  in  place  of  Ileman  Allen  Moore,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1844. 


Died  April  3, 1844. 


James  Buchanan. 


Benjamin  A.  Bidlack  .Wilkesbarre. 

James  Black Newport. 

Richard  Brodhead Easton. 

Jeremiah  Brown Goshen. 

Joseph  Buflington Kittanning. 

Cornelius  Darragh l Pittsburg. 

John  Dickey Beaver. 

Henry  D.  Foster Greensburg. 

Henry  Frick  2 .Milton. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

Lancaster.  |  Daniel  Sturgeon 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

George  Fuller  3 Mont-rose. 

Samuel  Hays Franklin. 

Charles  J.  Ingersoll...  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll..  .Philadelphia. 

James  Irvin Milesburg. 

Michael  H.  Jenks Newtown. 

A.  R.  Mcllvaine Brandywine. 

Edward  Joy  Morris  .  .Philadelphia. 
Henry  Nes York. 


.Uniontown. 


James  Pollock  4 Milton. 

Alexander  Ramsey. .   .  .Harrislmrg. 

Almon  H.  Read5 Mont  rose. 

Charles  M.  Reed Erie. 

John  Hitter Reading. 

John  T.  Smith Philadelphia. 

Andrew  Stewart Uniontown. 

William  Wilkins  6 Pittsburg. 

Jacob  S.  Yost Pottsto\vn. 


i  Elected  in  place  of  William  Wilkins,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  March  2G,  1844.  2  Died  March  1,  1844.  «  Elected  in  place 
of  Almon  II.  Read,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1844.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Frick,  deceased;  took  his  seat  April  23, 
1844.  5  Died  June  3, 1844.  6  Resigned  in  1844,  having  been  appointed  secretary  of  war. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

John  Brown  Francis  1 Providence.    William  Sprague2 Natick. 

James  F.  Simmons Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  Y.  Cranston Newport.  |  Elisha  R.  Potter. Kingston. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  William  Sprague,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  7,  1844.       *  Resigned  Jan.  IT,  1844. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

Daniel  E.  Huger* Charleston.  |  George  McDuffie Edgefleld  C.  H. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jas.  A.  Black . Cherokee  IronW'ks. 

Armistead  Burt Abbeville. 

John  Campbell Parnassus. 


Isaac  E.  Holmes Charleston. 

R.  Barn  well  Rhett Blue  House. 

Richard  F.  Simpson. Pendletonville. 


Jos.  A,  Wood  ward.  Winnsborough. 


Elected  in  place  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  resigned  in  1843;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1843. 


Ephraim  H.  Foster . 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
.Nashville.  |  Spencer  Jarnagin Athens. 


112 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  B.  Ashe Brownsville. 

Julius  W.  Blackwell Athens. 

Aaron  V.  Brown Pulaski. 

Milton  Brown Jackson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alvan  Cullom Livingston. 

D.  W.  Dickinson .  Murfreesborough. 

Andrew  Johnson Greenville. 

Cave  Johnson Clarksville. 


George  "W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

Joseph  H.  Peyton Gallatin. 

Wm.  T.  Senter  . . .  Panther  Springs. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps , 


Jacob  Collamer 

Paul  Dillingham,  jun Waterbury.  |  George  P.  Marsh 


VEBMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Middlebury.  |  William  TJpham Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Woodstock.  I  Solomon  Foot. Rutland. 


.Burlington. 


William  S.  Archer. 


Archibald  Atkinson  . . .  .Smithfield. 
Thomas  H.  Bayly^Accomac  C.  H. 

Augustus  A,  Chapman Union. 

Samuel  Chilton Warrenton. 

Walter  Coles  . . .  .Robertson's  Store. 
George  G.  Dromgoole Summit. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Elk  Hill.  |  William  C.  Rives . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  W.  Gilmer2.Charlottesville. 
William  L.  GogginS  .  .Otter  Bridge. 
George  W.  Hopkins4. . . . Abingdon. 
Edmund  W.  Hubard. . .  Curdsville. 

John  W.  Jones  6 Petersburg. 

William  Lucas Charlestown. 


.Bentivoglio. 


Willpughby  Newton Hague. 

Lewis  Steenrod Wheeling. 

Geo.  W.  Summers.  .Kanawha  C.  II. 

William  Taylor Lexington. 

Henry  A.  Wise  6 Accomac  C.  H. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  A.  Wise,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  May  6, 1844.  2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  "William 
L.  Goggin;  resigned  Feb.  18, 1844.  s  Unsuccessfully  contested  tbe  election  of  Thomas  W.  Gilmer;  subsequently  elected  upon 
the  resignation  of  Mr.  Gilmer,  and  took  his  seat  Dec.  2. 1844.  *  Chosen  speaker  pro  tern.  Feb.  28, 1845.  6  Election  unsuc 
cessfully  contested  by  John  M.  Botts,  elected  speaker  Dec.  4, 1843.  8  Resigned  Feb.  15, 1844. 

FLORIDA   TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

David  Levy1 St.  Augustine. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested. 


IOWA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Augustus  C.  Dodge. 


.Burlington. 


WISCONSIN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 


Henry  Dodge. 


.Dodgeville. 


THE    TWENTY-NINTH  CONGRESS.  H3 


THE   TWENTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1845,  to  Aug.  10,  1846.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847. 


Vice-President.  —  GEOKGB  M.  DALLAS  of  Pennsylvania.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — DAVID  E. 
ATCHISON  of  Missouri,  elected  Aug.  8,  1846.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  ASBUKY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House. — JOHN  W.  DAVIS  of  Indiana.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  BENJAMIN  B.  FRENCH  of 
New  Hampshire. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Arthur  P.  Bagby Tuscaloosa.  |  Dixon  H.  Lewis Lowndesborough. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Franklin  "W.  Bowdon1 .  .Talladega. 

Reuben  Chapman Warrenton. 

James  L.  F.  Cottrell2.  .Hayneville. 


Edmund  S.  Dargan Mobile. 

Henry  W.  Hilliard Montgomery. 

George  S.  Houston Athens. 


Felix  G.  McConnell 8 Talladega. 

William  W.  Payne Gainesville. 

William  L.  Yancey  4  . .  .Wetumpka. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Felix  G.  McConnell,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1846.       2  Elected  in  place  of  William  L.  Yancey, 
resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1846.       »  Died  Sept.  10, 1846.       «  Resigned  hi  1846. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Chester  Ashley Little  Rock.  |  Ambrose  H.  Sevier Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Thomas  W.  Newton* |  Archibald  Yell 2 Fayetteville. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Archibald  Yell,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  6, 1847.       *  Resigned  hi  1846,  having  been  appointed  colonel 

in  the  army  in  Mexico. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Jabez  W.  Huntington Norwich.  |  John  M.  Niles Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Dixon Hartford. 

Samuel  D.  Hubbard Middletown. 


John  A.  Rockwell Norwich. 

Truman  Smith Litchfa'eld. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
JohnM.  Clayton Newcastle.  |  Thomas  Clayton Newcastle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  W.  Houston Georgetown. 

FLORIDA. 
SENATORS. 

James  D.  Wescott,  jun.i Tallahassee.  |  David  Levy  Yulee  1 St.  Augustine. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

E.  Carrington  Cabell2 Tallahassee.  |  William  H.  Brockenbrongh  * Tallahassee  C.  H. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  1. 1845.       *  Election  successfully  contested  by  William  H.  Brockenbrough.       »  Successfully  contested 
the  election  of  E.  Carrington  Cabell;  took  his  seat  Jan.  24, 1846. 


114 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  McPherson  Berrien . 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

.Savannah.  |  Walter  T.  Colquitt. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


•  Columbus. 


Howell  Cobb Athens. 

Hugh  A.  Haralson La  Grange. 

Seaborn  Jones Columbus. 


Thomas  Butler  King Frederica. 

John  H.  Lumpkin Rome. 

Washington  Poe * 


A.  H.  Stephens Crawfordsville. 

Robert  Toombs Washington. 

George  W.  Towns2 Talbotton. 


1  Resigned  in  1845,  having  never  taken  his  seat.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Washington  Poe,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1846. 

ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

Sidney  Breese Carlisle.  |  James  Semple Alton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  D.  Baker  1 Springfield. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas Quincy. 

Orlando  B.  Ficklin Charleston. 


John  Henry  2 

Joseph  P.  Hoge Galena. 

John  A.  McClernand.Shawneetown. 


Robert  Smith Upper  Alton. 

John  Wentworth Chicago. 


Resigned  Dee.  30, 1846.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Edward  D.  Baker,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  5, 1847. 


Jesse  D.  Bright : 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

.Madison.  |  Edward  A.  Hannagan. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Covington. 


Charles  W.  Cathcart Laporte. 

John  W.  Davis2 Carlisle. 

Thos.  J.  Henley.. New  Washington. 
Andrew  Kennedy Muncietown. 


Edward  W.  McGaughey, 

Greencastle. 

Robert  D.  Owen New  Harmony. 

John  Pettit Lafayette. 


Caleb  B.  Smith Connersyille. 

Thomas  Smith Versailles. 

William  W.  Wick  . . .  .Indianapolis. 


1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  27, 1845.       2  Elected  speaker  Dec.  1, 1845. 
IOWA. 

SENATORS.i 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

S.  Clinton  Hastings2 Bloomington.  |  Shepherd  Leffler2 Burlington. 

1  No  senators  from  the  then  recently  organized  State  of  Iowa  took  their  seats  in  this  congress.       *  Took  his  seat  Dec.  29, 1846. 


John  J.  Crittenden. 


Joshua  F.  Bell Danville. 

Linn  Boyd Cadiz. 

Garrett  Davis Paris. 

Henry  Grider Bowling  Green. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

.Frankfort.  |  James  T.  Morehead. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Covington. 


John  P.  Martin Prestonburgh. 

John  H.  McPTenry Hartford. 

William  P.  Thomasson.  .Louisville. 
John  W.  Tibbatts Newport. 


Andrew  Trumbo Owingsville. 

Bryan  R.  Young. . .  .Elizabethtown. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  Barrow1 Baton  Rouge.    Pierre  Soule"2. 

Henry  Johnson New  River. 


.New  Orleans. 


J.  H.  Harmanson Simmsport. 

Emile  La  Sere  3 New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  E.  Morse. ...  St.  Martinsville. 
John  Slidell 4 New  Orleans. 


B.  G.  Thibodeaux Thibodeaux. 


1  Died  Dec.  29,  1846. 


Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  Barrow,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  3. 1847. 
John  Slidell,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29, 1846.       *  Resigned  in  1845. 


»  Elected  to  place  of 


George  Evans 


Robert  P.  Dunlap Brunswick. 

Hannibal  Ilamlin Hampden. 

John  D.  McCrato Wiscasset. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Gardiner.  |  John  Fairfield.. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cullen  Sawtelle Norridgewock. 

John  F.  Seaiuinon Saco. 

Luther  Severance Augusta. 


Hezekiah  Williams , 


....Saco. 
.Castine. 


THE  TWENTY-NINTH  CONGRESS.  115 

MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Reverdy  Johnson Baltimore.  |  James  Alfred  Pearce Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  G  Chapman  . .  .Port  Tobacco.  I  William  F.  Giles Baltimore.  I  Edward  H.  Long . .  .Princess  Anne. 

Albert  Constable Perry ville.  |  Thomas  W.  Ligon. . Ellicott's  Mills.  |  Thomas  Perry Cumberland. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

John  Davis l Worcester.  |  Daniel  Webster Boston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Thompson..  Charlestown. 
Robert  C.  Winthrop Boston. 


Amos  Abbott Andover. 

John  Quincy  Adams Quincy. 

George  Ashrnun Springfield. 

Joseph  Grinnell New  Bedford. 


Artemas  Hale  2 Bridgewater. 

Charles  Hudson Westminster. 

Daniel  P.  King South  Danvers. 

Julius  Rockwell Pittslield. 


Elected  in  place  of  Isaac  C.  Bates,  deceased  March  16, 1845;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  1, 1845.       2  Took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1846. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
Lewis  Cass Detroit.  |  William  Woodbridge Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  S.  Chipman Centreville.  |  James  B.  Hunt Pontiac.  |  Robert  McClelland Monroe. 

MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Joseph  W.  Chalmers l Holly  Spring.  I  Robert  J.  Walker  2 Madisonville. 

Jesse  Speight Plymouth.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  Adams Aberdeen.  I  Henry  T.  Ellett 4 

Jefferson  Davis  3 Warrenton.  |  Robert  W.  Roberts. .  .Hillsborough. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  Robert  J.  Walker,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Deo.  7, 1845;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature.       s  Re 
signed  hi  1845.       s  Resigned  in  1846.       4  Elected  hi  place  of  Jefferson  Davis,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  20, 1847. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

David  R.  Atchison l Platte  City.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jacob  Thompson Oxford. 


James  B.  Bowlin St.  Louis.  I  John  S.  Phelps Springfield. 

William  McDaniel 2 Palmyra.  |  Sterling  Price  3 Keytersville. 


James  H.  Relfe Caledonia. 

Leonard  H.  Suns Springfield. 


Elected  president  pro  tern.  Aug.  8, 184G.        »  Elected  in  place  of  Sterling  Price,  resigned;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  7, 1846.       »  Re 
signed  in  1846. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  G.  Atherton Nashua. 

Joseph  Cilley l Nottingham. 


Benning  W.  Jenness  2 Strafford. 

Levi  Woodbury3 Portsmouth. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  H.  Johnson Bath.  I  Moses  Morris,  jun Pittslield. 

Mace  Moulton .' Manchester.  | 

1  Elected  hi  place  of  Levi  Woodbury,  resigned,  Benning  W.  Jenness  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  Ms  seat  June  22, 1846. 
2  Appointed  hi  place  of  .Levi  Woodbury,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1845.       *  Resigned  in  184o. 

NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

William  L.  Dayton Trenton.  |  Jacob  W.  Miller Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  E.  Edsall Hamburg.  I  John  Runk Kingwood.  I  William  Wright Newark. 

James  G.  Hampton Bridgeton.  |  George  Sykes Mt.  Holly.  | 


116 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 
Daniel  S.  Dickinson Binghamton.  |  John  A.  Dix . 


Joseph  H.  Anderson  ."White  Plains. 

Charles  S.  Benton Mohawk. 

William  W.  Campbell. .  .New  York. 
Chas.  H.  Carroll.  Groveland  Centre. 

John  F.  Collin Hillsdale. 

Erastus  D.  Culver Greenwich. 

Samuel  S.  Ellsworth  ....  Penn  Yan. 

Charles  Goodyear Schoharie. 

Samuel  Gordon Delhi. 

Martin  Grover Angelica. 

Richard  P.  Herrick1. . .  .Greenbush. 
Elias  13.  Holmes Brockport. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Hough Cazenovia. 

Orville  Hungerford Watertown. 

Washington  Hunt Lockport. 

Timothy  Jenkins ....  Oneida  Castle. 

Preston  King Ogdensburg. 

John  W.  Lawrence Flushing. 

Abner  Lewis Panama. 

William  B.  Maclay New  York. 

William  S.  Miller New  York. 

William  A.  Moseley Buffalo. 

John  DeMott Lodi. 

Archibald  C.  Niven Monticello. 


.Albany. 


George  Rathbun Auburn. 

Thomas  C.  Ripley2. .  .Schaghticoke. 

Joseph  Russell Warrensburg. 

Henry  J.  Seaman Richmond. 

Albert  Smith Batavia. 

Stephen  Strong Owego. 

Horace  Wheaton Pompey. 

Hugh  White Cohoes. 

Bradford  R.  Wood Albany. 

Thomas  M.  Woodruff New  York. 

Wm.  W.  "Wood worth. ..Hyde  Park. 


Died  June  20, 1846.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Richard  P.  Herrick,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1846. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

George  E.  Badger l Raleigh.  I  Willie  P.  Mangum. 

William  H.  Haywood  2 Raleigh.  | 


.Red  Mountain. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  M.  Barringer Concord. 

Asa  Biggs Williamston. 

Henry  S.  Clarke Washington. 


John  R.  J.  Daniel Halifax. 

James  C.  Dobbin Fayetteville. 

Alfred  Dockery . .  .Dockery's  Store. 

Elected  in  place  of  William  H.  Haywood,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  14, 1846. 


James  Graham Rutherfordton. 

James  J.  McKay . .  .Elizabethtown. 
David  S.  Reid Reidsville. 


Resigned  July  25, 1S46. 


William  Allen. 


Jacob  Brinkerhoff Mansfield. 

J.  D.  Cummins.  .New  Philadelphia. 

F.  A.  Cunningham Eaton. 

Columbus  Delano Mt.  Vernon. 

James  J.  Faran Cincinnati. 

George  Fries Han  overtoil. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

Chillicothe.  |  Thomas  Corwin. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alexander  Harper Zanesville. 

Joseph  J.  McDowell.  .Hillsborough. 

Joseph  Morris Woodsfield. 

Isaac  Parish Parish's  Mills. 

Augustus  L.  PeiTill Lithopolis. 

Joseph  M.  Root Norwalk. 

William  Sawyer St.  Mary's. 


.Lebanon. 


Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 

Henry  St.  John. . .  .McCutchenville. 

D.  A.  Starkweather Canton. 

Allen  G.  Thurman Chillicothe. 

Daniel  R.  Tilden Ravenna. 

Joseph  Vance Urbana. 

Samuel  F.  Vinton Gallipolis. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Buchanan  * Lancaster.    Daniel  Sturgeon. 

Simon  Cameron2 Middletown. 


.TJniontown. 


James  Black Newport. 

John  Blanchard Belief onte. 

Richard  Brodhead Easton. 

Joseph  BufHnffton Kittanning. 

John  H.  Campbell Philadelphia. 

Cornelius  Darragh Pittsburg. 

Jacob  Erdman Coopersburg. 

John  H.  Ewing Washington. 

i  Resigned  March,  1845.       * 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  D.  Foster Greeiisbnrg. 

William  S.  Garvin Mercer. 

Charles  J.  Ingersoll..  .Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll. .  .Philadelphia. 

Owen  D.  Leib Catawissa. 

Lewis  C.  Levin Philadelphia. 

Moses  McClean Gettysburg. 

A.  R.  Mcllvaine Brandy  win  o. 


James  Pollock Milton. 

Alexander  Ramsey Harrisburg. 

John  Hitter Reading. 

Andrew  Stewart TJniontown. 

John  Strohin New  Providence. 

James  Thompson Erie. 

David  Wilmot Towanda, 

Jacob  S.  Yost Pottstown. 


Elected  in  place  of  James  Buchanan,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1845. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Albert  C.  Greene Providence.  |  James  F.  Simmons Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Lemuel  H.  Arnold Wakefield.  |  Henry  Y.  Cranston Newport. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Andrew  P.  Butler  1 Edgefield  C.  II.  I  George  McDume3 

John  C.  Calhoun2 Pendleton.  | 

1  Elected  in  place  of  George  McDuffle,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Doc.  27,  1846.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  E.  Huger,  resigned 
in  1845  j  took  his  Boat  Dec.  22, 1845.       3  Resigned  in  1«46. 


.Cherry  Hill. 


THE  TWENTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 


117 


James  A.  Black, 

Cherokee  Iron  Works. 
Ariuistead  Burt Willirigton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  E.  Holmes Charleston. 

E.  Barnwell  Ehett Ashepoo. 

Richard  F.  Simpson Pendleton. 


Alexander  D.  Sims. Darlington  C.  H. 
Joseph  A.  Woodward. ..Winsboro'. 


Spencer  Jarnagin , 


Milton  Brown Jackson. 

Lucien  B.  Chase Clarksville. 

William  M.  Cocke Rutledge. 

John  H.  Crozier Knoxville. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

.  .Athens.  |  Hopkins  L.  Turney. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Winchester. 


Alvan  Cnllom Livingston. 

Edwin  H.  Ewing Nasliville. 

Meredith  P.  Gentry Franklin. 

Andrew  Johnson Greenville. 


George  W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

Barclay  Martin Columbia. 

Frederick  P.  Stanton Memphis. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Houston  x Eaven  Hill.  |  Thomas  J.  Rusk  2 Nacogdoches. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  S.  Kaufman8 Lowes  Ferry.  |  Timothy  Pillsbury4 Brazoria. 

*  Took  his  seat  March  30, 1846.       s  Took  his  seat  March  26, 1846.       »  Took  his  seat  June  1, 1846.       *  Took  his  seat  June  10, 1846. 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

William  S.  Phelps Middlebury.  |  William  TJpham Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Collamer Woodstock.  I  Solomon  Foot Rutland. 

Paul  Dillingham,  jun Waterbury.  |  George  P.  Marsh Burlington. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  S.  Archer Lodore.    Isaac  S.  Pennybacker  2 

James  M.  Mason * Winchester. 


.New  Market. 


Archibald  Atkinson Smithfield. 

Thomas  H.  Bayly. . .  Accomac  C.  H. 

Henry  Bedinger Charlestown. 

William  G.  Brown Kingwood. 

Augustus  A.  Chapman Union. 

George  C.  Dromgoole Summit. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Hopkins Abingdon. 

Edward  W.  Hubard Curdsville. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter Lloyd's. 

Joseph  Johnson Bridgeport. 

Shelton  F.  Leake. .  .Charlottesville. 
James  McDowell3 Lexington. 


John  S.  Pendleton . .  Culpeper  C.  H. 

James  A.  Seddon Richmond. 

William  Taylor  4 Lexington. 

William  M.  Tredway Danville. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Isaac  S.  Pennybacker,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  25, 1847. 
William  Taylor,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  March  6,  1846. 


2  Died  Jan.  12, 1847. 
«  Died  Jan.  17, 1846. 


«  Elected  in  place  of 


IOWA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Augustus  C.  Dodge . 


.Burlington. 


WISCONSIN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Morgan  L.  Martin Green  Bay. 


118  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE   THIETIETH   COMKESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1847,  to  Aug.  14,  1848.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1848,  to  March  3, 1849. 


Vice-president.  —  GEOKGE  M.  DALLAS  of  Pennsylvania.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  DAVID  R. 
ATCHISON  of  Missouri.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  ASBUKY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  ROBERT  C.  WINTHROP  of  Massachusetts.  Speaker  of  the  Ilouse  pro  tempore. — 
ARMISTED  BURT  of  South  Carolina.  Clerks  of  the  House.  —  BENJAMIN  B.  FRENCH  of  New  Hampshire;  THOMAS 
JEFFERSON  CAMPBELL  of  Tennessee,  elected  Dec.  7,  1847. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Arthur  P.  Bagby  * Tuscaloosa.  I  William  R.  King8 Selma. 

Benjamin  Fitzpatrick2 Wetumpka.  |  Dixon  H.  Lewis4 Benton. 


Franklin  W.  Bowdon  . .  .Talladega. 
Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb.  Belief  onte. 
John  Gayle Mobile. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Sampson  W.  Harris Wetumpka. 

Henry  W.  Hilliard  . .  .Montgomery. 
George  S.  Houston Athens. 


Samuel  W.  Inge Livingston. 


1  Resigned  June  16,  1848.  2  Appointed  in  place  of  Dixon  H.  Lewis,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  11, 1848.  s  Appointed 
in  place  of  Arthur  P.  Bagby,  resigned;  took  his  seat  July  13,  1848;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature.  *  Died 
Oct.  25, 1848. 

ARKANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

Chester  Ashley1 Little  Rock.    William  K.  Sebastian  8 Helena. 

Solon  Borland  2 Little  Rock.    Ambrose  H.  Sevier  4 Pine  Bluff. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Robert  W.  Johnson Little  Rock. 

1  Died  April  20, 1848.  a  Appointed  in  place  of  Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  resigned;  took  his  seat  April  24,  1848;  subsequently 
elected  by  the  legislature.  *  Appointed  in  place  of  Chester  Ashley,  deceased;  took  his  seat  May  31,  1848.  *  Resigned 
March  15,  1848. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Roger  S.  Baldwin  * New  Haven.  |  John  M.  Niles Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Dixon Hartford.  I  .John  A.  Rockwell Norwich. 

Samuel  D.  Hubbard Middletowu.  I  Truman  Smith Litchfleld. 

i  Appointed  in  place  of  Jabez  W.  Huntington,  deceased  Nov.  2, 184T ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1847. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

John  M.  Clayton  * New  Castle.  I  John  Wales  2 Wilmington. 

Presley  Spruance Smyrna.  | 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  W.  Houston Georgetown. 

1  Resigned  in  1849.       a  Elected  in  place  of  John  M.  Clayton,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  26, 1849. 


THE  THIRTIETH   CONGRESS. 


119 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

James  D.  Wescott,  jun. Tallahassee.  |  David  L.  Yulee St.  Augustine. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
E.  Carrington  Cabell Tallahassee. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

J.  McPherson  Berrien Savannah.  I  Herschell  V.  Johnson  2. . .  .  .Milledeeville 

Walter  T.  Colquitt  1 Columbus.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Howell  Cobb Athens. 

Hugh  A.  Haralson La  Grange. 

Alfred  Iverson Columbus. 


John  W.  Jones Griffin. 

Thomas  Butler  King Frederica. 

John  H.  Lumpkin Home. 


A.  H.  Stephens Crawfordsville. 

Robert  Toombs Washington. 


Resigned  in  1848.       a  Appointed  in  place  of  Walter  T.  Colquitt,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  14, 1848. 


Sidney  Breese. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

..Carlyle.  |  Stephen  A.  Douglas. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Orlando  B.  Ficklin Charleston. 

Abraham  Lincoln Springfield. 

J.  A.  McCleruand..  .Shawueetown. 


William  A.  Richardson..  Rushville. 

Robert  Smith Alton. 

Thomas  J.  Turner Freeport. 


John  Wenfrworth. 


..Quincy. 
.Chicago. 


Jesse  D.  Bright , 


Charles  W.  Cathcart La  Porte. 

George  G.  Dunn Bedford. 

Elisha  Embree Princeton. 

Thomas  J.  Henley. N.  Washington. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

.Madison.  |  Edward  A.  Hannegan. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Covington. 


John  Pettit Lafayette. 

John  L.  Robinson Rushville. 

William  Rockhill Fort  Wayne. 

Caleb  B.  Smith Connersville. 


Rich'd  W.  Thompson. Torre  Haute. 
William  W.  Wick  . . .  .Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 
SENATORS. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge l Burlington.  |  George  W.  Jones  * Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Shepherd  Leffler Burlington.  |  William  Thompson Mt.  Pleasant. 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  26, 1848. 


KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

John  J.  Crittenden  1 Frankfort.    Joseph  R.  Underwood. 

Thomas  Metcalf  e 2 Forest  Retreat. 


.Bowling  Green. 


Green  Adams Barboursville. 

Linn  Boyd Cadiz. 

Aylett  Buckner Greensburg. 

Beverly  L.  Clark Franklin. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Garnet  t  Duncan Louisville. 

Richard  French Mt.  Sterling. 

John  P.  Gaines Walton. 

Charles  S.  More  head Frankfort. 


Samuel  O.  Peyton Hartford. 

John  B.  Thompson. .  .Harrodsburg. 


Resigned  in  1848. 


Appointed  in  place  of  John  J.  Crittenden,  resigned;  took  hi3  seat  July  3, 1848;  subsequently  elected 
by  the  legislature. 


Solomon  W.  Downs. 


.New  River. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
Monroe.  •)  Henry  Johnson 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Harmanson Simmsport.    Isaac  E.  Morse. St. 

Emile  La  Sere. .  New  Orleans.    Bannon  G.  Thibodeaux Thibodeaux. 


120  OONGEESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

James  "W.  Bradbury Augusta.  I  John  Fairfield  2 Saco. 

Hannibal  Hamlin  1 Harnpden.  |  Wyman  B.  S.  Moor  8 Bangor. 


Hiram  Belcher Farmington. 

Asa  W.  H.  Clapp Portland. 

Franklin  Clark Wiscasset. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  Hammons Lovell. 

Ephraim  K.  Smart Camden. 

James  S.  Wiley Dover. 


Hezekiah  Williams Castine. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  Fairfield,  deceased,  Wyman  B.  S.  Moor  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  June  12, 1848. 
2  Died  Dec.  24, 1847.       »  Appointed  in  place  of  John  Fairtield,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  17, 1848. 

MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Reverdy  Johnson Baltimore.  |  James  A  Pearce Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  G.  Chapman  . .  .Port  Tobacco. 
John  W.  Crisfield. . .  Princess  Anne. 


Alexander  Evans Elkton. 

Thomas  W.  Ligon Elkton. 


Robert  M.  McLane Baltimore. 

J.  Dixon  Roman Hagerstown. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

John  Davis Worcester.  |  Daniel  Webster Boston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Amos  Abbott Andover. 

John  Quincy  Adams l Quincy. 

George  Ashman Springfield. 

Joseph  Grinnell New  Bedford. 


Artemas  Hale Bridgewater. 

Charles  Hudson Westminster. 

Daniel  P.  King South  Danvers. 

Horace  Mann? West  Newton. 


John  G.  Palfrey Cambridge. 

Julius  Rockwell Pittsfield. 

Robert  C.  Winthrop  3 Boston. 


1  Died  in  the  speaker's  room  at  the  Capitol,  Feb.  23, 1848.       *  Elected  in  place  of  John  Quincy  Adams,  deceased;  took  his  seat 

April  13, 1848.        s  Elected  speaker  Doc.  6, 1847. 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Lewis  Cass l Detroit.  I  Thomas  Fitzgerald  2 St.  Joseph. 

Alpheus  Felch Ann  Harbor.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Kinsley  S.  Bingham  . .  .Kensington.  |  Robert  McClelland Monroe.  |  Charles  E.  Stuart Kalamazoo. 

1  Resifjned  May  29,  1848 ;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  his  own  resignation,  Thomas  Fitzgerald 
having  been  appointed  pro  tern.;  took  his  seat  March  3,  1849.  2  Appointed  in  place  of  Lewis  Cass,  resigned;  took  his  Boat 
June  20,  1848. 

MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Jefferson  Davis1 Warrenton.  |  Henry  S.  Foote Jackson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Albert  G.  Brown Gallatin. 

Winfield  S.  Featherston Houston. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  Jesse  Speight,  deceased  in  1847 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1847 ;  subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

David  R.  Atchison  l Platte  City.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  B.  Bowlin St.  Louis.  I  Willard  P.  Hall St.  Joseph.  I  John  S.  Phelps Springfield. 

James  S.  Green Monticello.  |  John  Jamieson Fulton.  | 

1  President  pro  tern. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Charles  G.  Atherton Nashua.  |  John  P.  Hale Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  H.  Johnson Bath.  I  Amos  Turk Exeter. 

Charles  II.  Peaslee Concord.    James  Wilson Keene. 


Jacob  Thompson Oxford. 

Patrick  W.  Tompkins Vicksburg. 


THE  THIRTIETH   CONGRESS. 


121 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATOES. 

William  L.  Dayton Trenton.  |  Jacob  W.  Miller Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  E.  Edsall Hamburg.  I  James  G.  Hampton Bridgeton.  I  John  Van  Dyke     New  Brunswick 

Dudley  S.  Gregory Jersey  City.  |  William  A.  Newell Allentown.  runswick. 


Daniel  S.  Dickinson. 


NEW    TOEK. 

SENATORS. 

.Binghamton.  |  John  A.  Dix , 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ausburn  Birdsall Binghamton. 

Esbou  Blackmar  * .Newark. 

William  Collins Lowville. 

Harmon  S.  Conger Courtland. 

William  Duer Oswego. 

Daniel  Gott Pompey. 

Horace  Greeley  2 New  York. 

Nathan  K.  H  all Buffalo. 

John  M.  Holley  3 Lyons. 

Elias  B.  Holmes .Brockport. 

Washington  Hunt Lockport. 

David  S.  Jackson4 New  York. 


Timothy  Jenkins Oneida  Castle. 

Orlando  Kellogg. . .  .Elizabethtoxvn. 

Sidney  Lawrence Moira. 

William  T.  Lawrence.  .Cayutavillo. 
Frederick  W.  Lord.Green'port,  L.  I. 

William  B.  Maclay New  York. 

Dudley  Marvin Ripley. 

Joseph  Mullin Watertown! 

Henry  C.  Murphy Brooklyn. 

William  Nelson Peekskill. 

Henry  Nicoll New  York. 

George  Petrie Little  Falls. 


.Albany. 


Harvey  Putnam Attica. 

Gideon  Reynolds Hoosick. 

Robert  L.  Rose Allen's  Hill. 

David  Ruinsev,  jun Bath. 

Eliakim  Shcrrill Shandaken. 

John  I.  Slingerland Bethlehem. 

G.  A.  Starkweather.  .Cooperstown. 

Daniel  B.  St.  John Monticello. 

Peter  H.  Sylvester Coxsackie. 

Frederick  A.  Tallmadge  .New  York. 

Cornelius  Warren Cold  Spring. 

Hugh  White Cohoes. 


i  Elected  in  place  of  John  M.  Holley,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1848.        2  Elected  in  place  of  David  S.  Jackson  whose 
declared    acant"^  riTiTliks001*  MS  S6at  D6C>  4'  1848'       3  Died  ma*ch  8>  1848'       4  Seat  C01lteste^  by  James  Monroe,  and 


George  E.  Badger. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

. .  .Raleigh.  |  Willie  P.  Mangum. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Red  Mountain. 


Daniel  M.  Barringer Concord. 

Nathaniel  Boyden Salisbury. 

Thomas  L.  Clingman Asheville. 


John  R.  J.  Daniel Halifax. 

Richard  S.  Donnell Newbern. 

James  J.  McKay..  .Elizabethtown. 


David  Outlaw Windsor. 

Augustus  H.  Shepperd Salem. 

Abraham  W.  Venable. Brownsville. 


William  Allen. 


Richard  S.  Canby Belief ontaine. 

John  Crowell Warren. 

John  D.  Cummins. N.  Philadelphia. 
Rudolphus  Dickinson, 

Lower  Sandusky. 

Daniel  Duncan Newark. 

Thomas  O.  Edwards Lancaster. 

Nathan  Evans Cambridge. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 

Chillicothe.  |  Thomas  Corwin 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  J.  Faran Cincinnati. 

David  Fisher Wilmington. 

George  Fries Hanoverton. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 

William  Kennon,  jun. St.  Clairsville. 

Samuel  Lahm Canton. 

John  K.  Miller Mt.  Vernon. 

Jonathan  D.  Morris Batavia. 


.  Lebanon. 


Thomas  Richey Somerset. 

Joseph  M.  Root Norwalk. 

William  Sawyer St.  Mary's. 

Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 

John  L.  Taylor Chillicothe. 

Samuel  F.  Vinton Gallipolis. 


Simon  Cameron , 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

.Middletown.  |  Daniel  Sturgeon. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


.Uniontown. 


John  Freedley Norristown. 

Moses  Hampton Pittsburg. 

John  W.  Hornbeck  2. . . .  Allentown. 
Charles  J.  Ingersoll. .  .Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll. .  .Philadelphia. 

Alexander  Irviii Clear tield. 

Lewis  C.  Levin Philadelphia. 

Job  Mann Bedford. 

A.  R.  Mcllvaine Brandy  wine. 


John  Blanchard Belief onte. 

Jasper  E.  Brady Chambersburg. 

Samuel  A.  Bridges  1 . . .  .Allentown. 

Richard  Brodhead Easton. 

Charles  Brown Philadelphia. 

Chester  Butler Wilkesbarre. 

John  Dickey Beaver. 

George  N.  Eckert Potts ville. 

John  W.  Farrelly Mead  ville. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  John  "W.  Hornbeck,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  March  C,  1848.       *  Died  Jan.  16, 1848. 


Henry  Nes York. 

James  Pollock Milton. 

Andrew  Stewart Uniontown. 

John  Strohm N.  Providence. 

William  Strong Reading. 

James  Thompson Erie. 

David  Wilmot Towanda. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
John  H.  Clark Providence.  |  Albert  C.  Greene Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Robert  B.  Cranston Newport.  |  Benjamin  B.  Thurston Hopkinton. 


122 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Andrew  P.  Butler . 


Jas.  A.  Black1.  Cherokee  Iron  Wk's. 

Armistead  Burt Willington. 

Isaac  E.  Holmes Charleston. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

.  .Edgefield  C.  H.  |  John  C.  Calhoim. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  McQueen  2 Bennettsville. 

R.  Barnwcll  Rhett Asliepoo. 

Richard  F.  Simpson Pendleton. 


.Penclleton. 


Died  April  3, 1848. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  D.  Sims,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  12,  1849. 
*  Elected  in  place  of  James  A.  Black,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  June  12, 1848. 


A.  D.  Sims  8 Darlington  C.  H. 

Daniel  Wallace  4 Union  C.  H. 

Jos.  A.  "Wood ward. Winnsborough. 

Died  Nov.  16,  1848. 


John  Bell. 


Washington  Barrow Nashville. 

Lucien  B.  Chase Clarksville. 

William  M.  Cpcke Rutledge. 

John  H.  Crozier Knoxville. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

.Nashville.  |  Hopkins  L.  Turney , 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Winchester. 


Meredith  P.  Gentry Franklin. 

William  T.  Haskell Jackson. 

Hugh  L.  W.  Hill.. .  .Irving  College. 
Andrew  Johnson Greenville. 


George  W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

Frederick  P.  Stanton Memphis. 

James  H.  Thomas Columbia. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Houston Raven  Hill.  |  Thomas  J.  Rusk Nacogdoches. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
David  S.  Kaufman Sabinetown.  |  Timothy  Pillsbury Brazoria. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  S.  Phelps Middlebury.  |  William  Upham Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Collamer Woodstock.    George  P.  Marsh Burlington. 

William  Henry Bellows  Falls.    Lucius  B.  Peck Montpelier. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter. 


Archibald  Atkinson Smithfield. 

Thomas  H.  Bayly. . .  Accomac  C.  H. 

Richard  L.  T.  Beale Hague. 

Henry  Bedinger Charlestown. 

Thos.  S.  Bocock.  Appomattox  C.  H. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Lloyd's.  |  James  M.  Mason. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Botts Richmond. 

William  G.  Brown Kingwood. 

Thomas  S.  Flournoy Halifax. 

Andrew  S.  Fulton Wytheyille. 

William  L.  Goggin Otter  Bridge. 


.Winchester. 


James  McDowell Lexington. 

Richard  K.  Meade Petersburg. 

John  S.  Pendleton .  .Culpeper  C.  H. 
William  B.  Preston. . .  .Blacksburg. 
Robt.  A.  Thompson. Kanawha  C.  H. 


Henry  Dodge 


Mason  C.  Darling  8 

i  Took  his  seat  June  23,  1848. 


WISCONSIN.* 

SENATORS. 
Dodgeville.  |  Isaac  P.  Walker  2  .........................  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Fond  du  Lac.  |  William  P.  Lynde  4  ........................  Milwaukee. 

*  Took  his  seat  June  26,  1848.        3  Took  his  seat  June  9,  1848.        «  Took  his  seat  June  6,  1848. 


Henry  H.  Sibloy1. 


WISCONSIN  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATES. 

|  John  H.  Tweedy, 
i  Took  his  seat  Jan.  15, 1849. 


.Milwaukee. 


*  The  State  of  Wisconsin,  which  was  admitted  into  the  Union  May  20, 1848,  was  only  a  portion  of  Wisconsin  Territory, 
which  retained  its  organization,  but  which  was,  in  March,  1849,  re-organized  as  Minnesota  Territory. 


THE  THIRTY-FIRST   CONGRESS.  123 


THE  THIBTY-FIEST  CONGKESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1849,  to  Sept.  30,  1850.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1850,  to  March  3, 1851. 


Vice-President.— MILLARD  FILLMORE!  of  New  York.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.— WILLIAM  R. 
KING  of  Alabama,  elected  May  6,  1850.  Secretary  of  the  Senate. — ASBURY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  HOWELL  COBB  of  Georgia.  Speaker  of  the  House  pro  tempore.  —  ROBERT  C.  WIN- 
THROP  of  Massachusetts.  Clerks  of  the  House. — THOMAS  JEFFERSON  CAMPBELL  of  Tennessee;  RICHABD  M. 
YOUNG  of  Illinois,  elected  April  17,  1850. 

1  Became  President  by  the  death  of  Zachary  Taylor. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

Jeremiah  Clemens Huntsville.  |  William  R.  King  * Selma. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  J.  Alston Linden. 

Franklin  W.  Bowdon  . . .  Talladega. 
Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb. Belief onte. 


Sampson  W.  Harris. . . . Wetumpka. 
Henry  W.  Hilliard  . .  .Montgomery. 
David  Hubbard Kinlock. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  May  6, 1850. 


Samuel  W.  Inge Livingston. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
Solon  Borland Hot  Springs.  |  William  K.  Sebastian Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Robert  W.  Johnson Little  Rock. 

CALIFORNIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  C.  Fremont1 San  Francisco.  |  William  M.  Gwin1 San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  Gilbert 2 San  Francisco.  |  George  W.  Wright 2 San  Francisco. 

i  Took  his  seat  Sept.  10, 1850.        2  Took  his  seat  Sept.  11, 1850. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

RogerS.  Baldwin New  Haven.  |  Truman  Smith Litehfield. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Walter  Booth . .  Meriden.  I  Chauncey  F.  Cleveland Hampton. 

Thomas  B.  Butler Norwalk.  |  Loren  P.  Waldo lollancl. 

DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 

Presley  Spruance Smyrna.  |  John  Wales Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  W.Houston..  Georgetown. 


124 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


FLOEIDA. 
SENATORS. 
Jackson  Morton  ......  ,  .....................  Pensacola.  |  David  L.  Yulee 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
E.  Carrington  Cabell 


St.  Augustine. 
Tallahassee. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
J.  McPlierson  Berrien  ......................  Savannah.  |  William  0.  Dawson. 

RE  PRESENT  ATIVES. 

Howell  Cobb  l  ..............  Athens. 

Thomas  C.  Hackett  ..........  Rome. 

Hugh  A.  Haralson  ......  La  Grange. 


Greensborough. 


Joseph  "W.  Jackson  2  .  .  .  .  Savannah. 

Allen  F.  Owen  ..........  Talbotton. 

A.  H.  Stephens  .....  Crawfordsville. 


Robert  Toombs  .......  Washington. 

Marshall  J.  Welborn  ----  Columbus. 


Elected  speaker  Dec.  21,  1849.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  Butler  King,  resigned  in  1849;  took  his  seat  March  4,  1850. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas 


Edward  D.  Baker  ..........  Galena. 

William  H.  Bissell  .......  Belleville. 

Thomas  L.  Harris  ......  Petersburg. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Chicago.  |  James  Shields 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

J.  A.  McClernand  .  .  .  Shawneetpwn. 
William  A.  Richardson  ----  Quincy. 
John  Went  worth  ..........  Chicago. 


Timothy  R.  Young 


Belleville. 
Marshall. 


Jesse  D.  Bright 


Nathaniel  Albertson  ____  Greenville. 

William  J.  Brown  ..........  Amity. 

Cyrus  L.  Dunham  ...........  Salem. 

Graham  N.  Fitch  .......  Logausport. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Madison.  |  James  Whitcomb 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Willis  A.  Gorman  ----  Bloomington. 

Andrew  J.  Harlan  ..........  Marion. 

George  W.  Julian  ......  Centreville. 

Jos.  E.  McDonald  .  .  Crawfordsville. 


Indianapolis. 


Edward  W.  McGaughey  .  Rockville. 
John  L.  Robinson  ........  Rushville. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge  ........................  Burlington.  |  George  W.  Jones  ............................  Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Shepherd  Leffler  ...........................  Burlington. 

Daniel  F.  Miller  1  .......................... 


William  Thompson  2  ..................  Mount  Pleasant. 


Unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Thompson  ;  subsequently  elected  at  new  election,  and  took  his  seat  Dec.  20, 

1850.       2  Seat  declared  vacant  June  29,  1850. 


Henry  Clay 


Linn  Boyd  ...................  Cadiz. 

Daniel  Breck  ............  Richmond. 

George  A.  Caldwell  ......  Columbia. 

James  L.  Johnson.  .Owensborough. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Lexington.  |  Joseph  R.  Underwood 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Bowling  Green. 


Humphrey  Marshall, 

Drennon's  Lick. 
John  C.  Mason  ........  Owingsville. 

Finis  E.  McLean  ............  Elkton. 


Charles  S.  Morehead  ----  Frankfort. 

Richard  H.  Stanton  ......  Maysville. 

John  B.  Thompson.  .  .Harrodsburg. 


Solomon  U.  Downs 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
Monroe.  |  Pierre  Sould 


New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  E.  Morse  .....  St.  Martinsville. 
Alexander  G.  Penn  4  ----  Covington. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  M.  Conrad,  resigned  ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1850.       2  Resigned  Aug.  17,  1850.      »  Died  Oct.  25,  1850. 
4  Elected  in  place  of  John  II.  Harmanson,  deceased  ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  30,  1850. 


Henry  A.  Bullard  1.  .  .New  Orleans. 
Charles  M.  Conrad  2.  .New  Orleans. 


John  H.  Harmanson  8  .  .Simmsport. 
Einile  La  Sere  ........  New  Orleans. 


THE   THIRTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


125 


James  W.  Bradbury. 


Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller Calais. 

Elbridge  Gerry "Waterford. 

llufus  K.  Goodenow Paris. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Augusta.  |  Hannibal  Hamlin  , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathaniel  S.  Littlefield.  .Bridgeton. 

John  Oris Hallowell. 

Cullen  Sawtelle Norridgewock. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  Stetson 


.Hampden. 
. ..  .Bangor. 


James  A.  Pearce Chestertown.    David  Stewart2 

Thomas  G.  Pratt1 Annapolis. 


Richard  I.  Bowie. Rockvillo. 

Alexander  Evans Elkton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  T.  Hamilton  .Hagerstown.  I  John  B.  Ker Easton. 

Edward  Hammond. Ellicott's  Mills.  |  Robert  M.  McLane Baltimore. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Reverdy  Johnson,  resigned  in  1849,  David  Stewart  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  liis  seat  Jan.  14, 
1850.       2  Appointed  in  place  of  Reverdy  Johnson,  resigned  in  1849 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8, 1849. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


John  Davis Worcester. 

Robert  Rautoul,  jun. 1 Boston. 


Daniel  Webster  2 Boston. 

Robert  C.  Wiuthrop3 Boston. 


Charles  Allen Worcester. 

George  Ashniun Springfield. 

James  II.  Duncan Haverhill. 

Samuel  A.  Eliot4 Boston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Orin  Fowler Fall  River. 

Joseph  ( Jrinnell New  Bedford. 

Daniel  P.  King5 Danvers. 

Horace  Mann West  Newton. 


Julius  Rockwell Pittsfield. 

Robert  C.  Winthrop  s Boston. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  "Webster,  resigned.  Robert  C.  Winthrop  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  22, 
1851.  2  Resigned  July  22,  1850,  having  been  appointed  secretary  of  state.  3  Appointed  senator  in  place  of  Daniel  Webster, 
resigned;  took  his  seat  July  30,  1S50;  retired  from  senate  Feb.  7,1801.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  C.  Wiiithrop,  appointed 
senator;  took  his  seat  Aug.  22, 1850.  °  Died  July  25, 1850. 

MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Lewis  Cass Detroit.  |  Alpheus  Felch Ann  Arbor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Kingsley  S.  Bingham.  .Kensington.  |  Alexander  W.  Buel Detroit.  |  William  Sprague Kalamazoo. 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Jefferson  Davis Palmyra.  |  Henry  S.  Foote Jackson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Albert  G.  Brown Gallatin.    William  McWillie Camden 

Winlield  S.  Eeatherston Houston.    Jacob  Thompson Oxford. 


David  R.  Atchison , 


William  V.  N.  Bay Union.  I  James  S.  Greene Canton. 

James  B.  Bowlin St.  Louis.    Willard  P.  Hall St.  Joseph. 


MISSOUPJ. 
SENATORS. 
.Platte  City.  |  Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  S.  Phelps Springfield. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

John  P.  Hale Dover.  |  Moses  Norris,  jun Manchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Harry  Hibbard Bath.  I  Charles  H.  Peaslee Concord.  I  James  Wilson2 Keene. 

George  W.  Morrison1.  .Manchester.  |  Amos  Tuck Exeter.  | 

»  Elected  in  place  of  James  Wilson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1850;  election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Jared  Perkins. 

2  Resigned  Sept.  9,  1850. 


126 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

"William  L.  Dayton Trenton.  |  Jacob  W.  Miller Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  A.  Newell Allentown.  |  Isaac  Wildrick Blairstown. 


Andrew  K.  Hay Winslow. 

James  G.  King. Hoboken. 


John  Van  Dyke. .  .New  Brunswick. 


Daniel  S.  Dickinson. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.Binghamton.  |  William  H.  Seward. 


.Auburn. 


Henry  P.  Alexander. .  .Little  Falls. 
George  R.  Andrews. .  .Ticonderoga. 

Henry  Bennett New  Berlin. 

David  A.  Bokee Brooklyn. 

George  Brings New  York. 

James  Brooks New  York. 

Lorenzo  Burrows Albion. 

Charles  E.  Clarke Great  Bend. 

Harmon  S.  Conger, 

Courtland  Village. 

William  Duer Oswego. 

Daniel  Gott Pompey. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Herman  D.  Gould Delhi. 

Ransom  Hallo  way Beekman. 

William  T.  Jackson. Havana. 

John  A.  King Jamaica. 

Preston  King Ogdensburg. 

Orsamus  B.  Matteson Utica. 

Thomas  McKissock Newburg. 

William  Nelson Peekskiil. 

J.  Phillips  Phoenix New  York. 

Harvey  Putnam Attica. 

Gideon  Reynolds Hoosick. 

Elijah  Risley Fredonia. 


Robert  L.  Rose Allen's  Hill. 

David  Rumsey,  jun Bath. 

William  A.  Sackett. .  .Seneca  Falls. 

A.  M.  Schermerhorn Rochester. 

John  L.  Schoolcraft Albany. 

Peter  H.  Silvester Coxsackie. 

Elbridge  G.  Spaulding Buffalo. 

John  R.  Thurinan Chestertown. 

Walter  Undcrhill New  York. 

Hiram  Walden Waldensville. 

Hugh  White Cohoes. 


George  E.  Badger. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
, . .  .Raleigh.  |  Willie  P.  Mangum . 


.Red  Mountain. 


William  S.  Ashe Wilmington. 

Joseph  P.  Caldwell Statesville. 

Thomas  L.  Cliiigman  . . . .  Asheville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  R.  J.  Daniel Halifax. 

Edmund  Deberry Mount  Gilead. 

David  Outlaw Windsor. 


Augustine  H.  Shepperd Salem. 

Edward  Stanly Washington. 

A.  W.  Venable Brownsville. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 

Salmon  P.  Chase Cincinnati.  I  Thomas  Ewing2. 

Thomas  Corwin l Lebanon. 


.Lancaster. 


John  Bell 8 Fremont. 

Joseph  Cable Carrollton. 

Lewis  I).  Campbell Hamilton. 

David  K.  Cartter Massillon. 

Moses  B.  Corwin Urbana. 

John  Crowell Warren. 

David  T.  Disney Cincinnati. 

Nathan  Evans Cambridge. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 

Moses  Hoagland Millersburg. 

William  F.  Hunter Woodsfield. 

John  K.  Miller Mt.  Vernon. 

Jonathan  D.  Morris Batavia. 

Edson  B.  Olds Circleville. 

Emery  D.  Potter Toledo. 

Joseph  M.  Root Sandusky. 


Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 

Charles  Sweetser Delaware. 

John  L.  Taylor Chillicothe. 

Samuel  F.  Vinton Gallipolis. 

William  A.  Whittlesey . .  .Marietta. 
Amos  E.  Wood  * Woodville. 


1  Resigned  July  22,  1850,  having  been  appointed  secretary  of  the  treasury.  2  Appointed  in  place  of  Thomas  Corwin,  re 
signed;  took  his  seat  July  27,  1850.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Amos  E.  Wood,  deceased;  took  liis  seat  Jan.  7, 1851.  *  Died 
Nov.  19, 1850. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 
SENATORS. 

James  Cooper Pottsville.  |  Daniel  Sturgeon Unioutown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  Gilmore Butler. 

Moses  Hampton Pittsburg. 

John  W.  Howe Franklin. 

Lewis  C.  Levin Philadelphia. 

Job  Mann Bedford. 

Jas.  X.  McLanahan.Chambersburg. 

Henry  D.  Moore Philadelphia. 

Henry  Nes  4 York. 

Andrew  J.  Ogle Somerset. 

,sed;  took  his  seat  Jan.  13, 1851.        2  Died  Oct.  5,  1850.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Henry 
ed;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1850.        4  Died  Sept.  10, 1S50. 


John  Brisbin * 

Chester  Butler  2 Wilkesbarre. 

Samuel  Calvin Hollidaysburg. 

Joseph  Casey New  Berlin. 

Joseph  R.  Chandler  .  .Philadelphia. 

Joel  B.  Danner  3 Gettysburg. 

Jesse  C.  Dickey New  London. 

Milo  M.  Dimmiek Stroudsburg. 

John  Freedley Norristown. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Chester  Butler,  dece; 
Nes,  deceai 


Charles  W.  Pitman Pottsville. 

Robert  R.  Reed Washington. 

John  Robbius,  jun.. . .  Philadelphia. 

Thomas  Ross Doylestown. 

Thaddeus  Stevens Lancaster. 

William  Strong Reading. 

James  Thompson Erie. 

David  Wilmot Towanda. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
John  H.  Clarke Providence.  |  Albert  C.  Greene Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 
Nathan  F.  Dixon Westerly.  |  George  G.  King Newport. 


THE   THIRTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


127 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Robert  W.  Barnwell l 

Arthur  P.  Butler Edgefield  C.  H. 

John  C.  Calhoun  2 Peudleton. 


Franklin  H.  Elmore  8 

R.  Barnwell  Rhett 4 Charleston. 


Annistead  Bnrt Willington. 

William  F.  Colcock. .  .Grahamville. 
Isaac  E.  Holmes Charleston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  McQueen Bennetts  ville. 

James  L.  Orr Anderson  C.  H. 

Daniel  Wallace Union  C.  H. 


Jos.  A.  Woodward.  Winnsborough. 


i  Appointed  in  place  of  Franklin  II.  Elmore,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  June  24, 1850.  2  Died  March  31, 1850.  *  Appointed 
in  place  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  deceased;  took  his  seat  May  C,  1850;  died  May  20, 1850.  *  Elected  in  place  of  John  C.  Calhoun, 
deceased,  Franklin  H.  Elmore  and  Robert  W.  Bariiwell  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.;  took  his  seat  Jan.  6, 1851. 


John  Bell. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
.Nashville.  |  Hopkins  L.  Turney , 


.Winchester. 


Josiah  M.  Anderson.  .Coop's  Creek. 

Andrew  Ewing Nashville. 

Meredith  P.  Gentry Franklin. 

Isham  G.  Harris Paris. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  Johnson Greenville. 

George  W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

John  II.  Savage Srnithville. 

Frederick  P.  Stanton Memphis. 


James  H.  Thomas Columbia. 

Albert  G.  Watkius  .Panther  Springs. 
Christop'r  H.  Williams.  .Lexington. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Houston Huntsville.  |  Thomas  J.  Rusk 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Volney  E.  Howard San  Antonio.  |  David  S.  Kaufman  *. 

i  Died  Jan.  31, 1851. 


.Nacogdoches. 


.Brazoria. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

.Middlebury.  |  William  Upham Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Ilebard Chelsea. 

William  Henry Bellows  Falls. 


James  Meacham Middlebury. 

Lucius  B.  Peck Montpelier. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter . 


Thomas  IT.  Averctt .  .Halifax  C.  H. 
Thomas  H.  Bayly. . .  Accomac  C.  II. 

James  M.  II.  Bcalo Pt.  Pleasant. 

Thos.  S.  Bocock.Appomattox  C.  H. 
Henry  A.  Edmondsou Salem. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Lloyd's.  |  James  M.  Mason. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  S.  Hayrnond  *.  .Fairmount. 
Alexander  R.  Holladay.  .Mansfield. 

James  McDowell Lexington. 

Fayette  McMullen Rye  Cove. 

Richard  K.  Meade Petersburg. 


.Winchester. 


John  S.  Millson Norfolk. 

Jeremiah  Morton Raccoon  Ford. 

Richard  Parker Berry  ville. 

Paulus  Powell Amherst  C.  H. 

James  A  Seddoii Richmond. 


»  Elected  in  place  of  Alexander  Newman,  deceased  in  1849,  having  never  taken  his  seat. 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  Dodge Dodgeville.  |  Isaac  P., Walker Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Orsamus  Cole Potosi.  |  James  Duane  Doty Menasha.  |  Charles  Durkee Southport. 


MINNESOTA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Henry  H.  Sibley , 


.Mendota. 


OREGON  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Samuel  R.  Thurston. 


.Linn  City. 


128  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE   THIETY-SECOND    CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1851,  to  Aug.  31,  1852.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1852,  to  March  3, 1853. 


Vice-President. — "WILLIAM  R.  KING*  of  Alabama.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  WILLIAM  R. 
KING  2  of  Alabama ;  DAVID  R.  ATCHISON  of  Missouri,  elected  Dec.  20,  1852.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  — ASBUKY 
DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  LINN  Bo  YD  of  Kentucky.    Clerk  of  the  House.  —  JOHN  W.  FORNEY  of  Pennsylvania, 
i  Died  April  18, 1853.       «  Resigned  Dec.  20, 1852. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 


Jeremiah  Clemens Huntsville.  I  William  R.  King2 Selma. 

Benjamin  Fitzpatrick  * Wetumpka.  | 


James  Abercrombie Girard. 

John  Bragg Mobile. 

Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb. Belief onte. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Sampson  W.  Harris.. .  .Wetumpka. 

George  S.  Houston Athens. 

William  R.  Smith. . .  .Fayette  C.  H. 


Alexander  White Talladega. 


1  Appointed  in  place  of  William  R.  King,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  20, 1853.        2  Resigned  as  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  20, 
1852;  subsequently  resigned  his  seat,  having  been  elected  Vice-President. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
Solon  Borland Hot  Springs.  |  William  K.  Sebastian Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Robert  W.  Johnson Little  Rock. 

CALIFORNIA. 
SENATORS. 

William  M.  Gwin San  Francisco.  |  John  B.  Weller1 San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  C.  Marshall Sonora.  |  Joseph  W.  McCorkle Marysville. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  17, 1852. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
• 
Truman  Smith Litchfield.  |  Isaac  Toucey  * Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Chapman Hartford.    Colin  M.  Ingersoll New  Haven. 

Chauucey  F.  Cleveland Hampton.    Origen  S.  Seymour Litchtield. 

1  Took  his  seat  May  14, 1852. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
James  A.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Presley  Spruance Smyrna. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  Read  Riddle Wilmington. 


THE    THIRTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 


129 


FLOKIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Malloryi Jacksonville.  (Jackson  Morton Pensacola 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
E.  Carrington  Cabell 

1  Election  uusuccessf  ully  contested  by  David  L.  Yulee. 


•Monticello. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

J.  McPherson  Berrien  1 Savannah.    William  C.  Dawson . 

Robert  M.  Charlton  2 Savannah. 


.Greensborough. 


David  J.  Bailey Jackson. 

Elijah  W.  Chastain Tacoah. 

Junius  Hillyer Monroe. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  W.  Jackson Savannah. 

James  Johnson Columbus. 

Charles  Murphy Decatur. 


Alex.  H.  Stephens  .  .Crawford  ville. 
Robert  Toombs Washington. 


Resigned  May  28, 1852.       *  Appointed  in  place  of  J.  McPherson  Berrien,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  June  11, 1853. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas 


Willis  Allen Marion. 

William  H.  Bissell Belleville. 

Thompson  Campbell Galena. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Chicago.  |  James  Shields  . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Orlando  B.  Ficklin Charleston. 

Richard  S.  Molony Belvidere. 

William  A.  Richardson  ....  Quincy. 


Richard  Yates. 


Belleville. 

.Jacksonville. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Jesse  D.  Bright Madison. 

Charles  W.  Cathcart 1 La  Porte. 


John  Petit 2 Lafayette. 

James  Whitcoinb  8 Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Brenton Fort  Wayne.  |  Willis  A.  Gorman Bloomington. 

John  G.  Davis Rockv'ille.    " 

Cyrus  L.  Dunham Salem. 


Thomas  A.  Hendricks. .  Shelby  ville. 

James  Lockhart Evans  ville. 

Daniel  Mace. Lafayette. 


Samuel  W.  Parker Connersville. 

John  L.  Robinson Rush  ville. 


Graham  N.  Fitch Logansport. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  James  Whitcomb,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6.  1852.       *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Whitcomb, 
deceased,  Charles  W.  Cathcart  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  18, 1853.       »  Died  Oct.  4, 1852. 


IOWA. 
SENATORS. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge Burlington.  |  George  W.  Jones Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Lincoln  Clark Dubuque.  |  Bernhart  Henn Fairfield. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


Henry  Clay  * Lexington. 

Archibald  Dixon  2 Henderson. 


David  Meriwether  s 

Joseph  R.  Underwood Bowling  Green. 


Linn  Boyd  * Paducha. 

John  C.  Breckenridge. .  .Lexington. 

Presley  Ewing .Russellville. 

Benjamin  E.  Grey Hopkinsville. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Humphrey  Marshall 5. .  New  Castle. 

John  C.  Mason Owensville. 

William  Preston  6 Louisville. 

Richard  H.  Stanton Maysville. 


James  W.  Stone Elizabethtown. 

William  T.  Ward Greensburg. 

Addison  White Richmond. 


1  Died  June  29, 
*  Elected  in  place  of 

Aug.  4, 1852.       «  Electedln"  place  oYilVmphrey'Marshair,  resigned";  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1852. 


130  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

LOUISIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Solomon  W.  Downs Monroe.  |  Pierre  Soule" New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
J.  Aristide  Landry Donaldsonville.    Alexander  G.  Penn Covington 


John  Moore New  Iberia. 


Louis  St.  Martin New  Orleans. 


Robert  Goodenow Farmington. 

Moses  McDonald Biddeford. 

Isaac  Reed  2 Waldoborough. 


Ephraim  K.  Smart Cam  den. 

Israel  Washburn,  jun Orono. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

James  "W.  Bradbury Augusta.  |  Hannibal  Hamlin Hauipden. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Andrews  * Paris. 

John  Appleton Portland. 

Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller Calais. 

1  Died  April 30, 1852.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  Andrews,  deceased;  took  his  seat  June  25, 1852. 

MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

James  A.  Pearce Chestertown.  |  Thomas  G.  Pratt Annapolis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  I.  Bowie Rockville.  I  Alexander  Evans Elkton.  I  Edward  Hammond. Ellicott's  Mills. 

Joseph  S.  Cottman.  .Upper  Trappe.  |  "William  T.  Hamilton  .Hagerstown.  |  Thomas  Yates  Walsh Baltimore. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

John  Davis "Worcester.  |  Charles  Sumner Boston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Allen "Worcester. 

"William  Appleton Boston. 

George  T.  Davis Greenfield. 

James  H.  Duncan Haverhill. 

Francis  B.  Fay l Chelsea. 


Orin  Fowler  2 Fall  River. 

John  Z.  Goodrich Glendale. 

Edward  P.  Little  3 Marshfield. 

Horace  Mann West  Newton. 

Robert  Rantoul,  jun.4 Beverly. 


Lorenzo  Sabine  6 Framingham. 

Zeno  Scudder Barnstable. 

Benj.  Thompson6 Charlestown. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  Rantoul,  jun. ,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  29, 1852.  s  Died  Sept.  3, 1852.  •  Elected  in  place 
of  Oriii  Fowler,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  30,  1852.  *  Died  Aug.  7,  1852.  "  Elected  iu  place  of  Benjamin  Thompson, 
deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  28, 1852.  «  Died  Sept.  24, 1852. 

MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Lewis  Cass Detroit.  |  Alpheus  Felch Ann  Arbor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
James  L.  Conger. .  .Mount  Clemens.  |  Ebenezer  J.  Penniman . .  Plymouth.  |  Charles  E.  Stuart Kalamazoo. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
Stephen  Adams1 Aberdeen.    Henry  S.  Foote3 Jackson 


Walter  Brooke  2 Lexington. 


John  I.  McRae  4 Enterprise. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  G.  Brown Gallatin. 

John  D.  Freeman Jackson. 


Benjamin  D.  Nabers Hickory  Flat. 

John  A.  Wilcox Aberdeen. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Jefferson  Davis,  resigned  in  1851,  John  I.  McRao  having  been  appointed  jjro  tern.;  took  his  seat 
March  17, 1852.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  S.  Fopto,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  March  11,  1852.  *  Resigned  in  1852.  «  Ap 
pointed  in  place  of  Jefferson  Davis,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19, 1851. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

David  R.  Atchison1 Platte  City.  |  Henry  S.  Geyer. St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Darby St.  Louis.    John  G.  Miller Boonvillo.  I  Gilchrist  Porter. . .  .Bowling  Green. 

Willard  P.  Hall St.  Joseph.    John  S.  Phelps Springfield.  | 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Doc.  20,  1852. 


THE  THIBTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 


131 


NEW   HAMPSHIKE. 

SENATORS. 
John  P.  Hale Dover.  |  Moses  Norris. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


•Manchester. 


Harry  Hibbard Bath. 

Charles  H.  Peaslee Concord. 


Jared  Perkins "Winchester 

Amos  Tuck Exeter. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Jacob  W.  Miller Morristown.  |  Robert  F.  Stockton  1 Princeton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  H  Brown Somerville.  I  Charles  Skelton Trenton.  I  Isaac  Wildrick .Blairstown. 

Roduian  M.  Price Hoboken.  |  Nathan  T.  Stratton . .  .Mulliea  Hill.  | 

1  Resigned  in  1863. 


Hamilton  Fish. 


NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.New  York.  |  William  H.  Seward. 


.Auburn. 


Leander  Babcock Oswego. 

Henry  Bennett New  Berlin. 

Obadiah  Bowne Richmond. 

John  H.  Boyd Whitehall. 

George  Brigg-i New  York. 

James  Brooks New  York. 

Alexander  H.  Buell * Fairrield. 

Loren/o  Burrows Albion. 

Gilbert  Dean Pouglikeepsie. 

John  G.  Floyd Moriches. 

Emanuel  B.  Hart New  York. 

Augustus  P.  HascaLL Le  Roy. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Solomon  G.  Haven Buffalo. 

J.  H.  Hobart  Ha\ves New  York. 

Jerediah  Horsford Moscow. 

Thomas  Y.  Howe,  jun Auburn. 

Willard  Ives Watertown. 

Timothy  Jenkins Oneida  Castle. 

Daniel  T.  Jones Baldwinsville. 

Preston  King Ogdensburg. 

Frederick  S.  Martin Olean. 

William  Murray Goshen. 

Reuben  Robie Bath. 

Joseph  Russell Warreusburg. 

1  Died  Jan.  29, 1853. 


William  A.  Sackett. .  .Seneca  Falls. 
Abraham  M.  Schermerhorn, 

Rochester. 

John  L.  Schoolcraft Albany. 

Marius  Schoonmaker Kingston. 

David  L.  Seymour Troy. 

William  W.  Snow Oneonta. 

Abraham  P.  Stephens Nyack. 

Josiah  Sutherland Hudson. 

Henry  S.  Walbridge Ithaca. 

Jolrn  Wells Johnstown. 


George  E.  Badger. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
, ...Raleigh.  |  Willie  P.  Mangum. 


.Red  Mountain. 


William  S.  Ashe Wilmington. 

Joseph  P.  Caldwell States ville. 

Thomas  L.  Clingman  . . .  .Ashe ville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  R.  J.  Daniel Halifax. 

Alfred  Dockery . .  .Dockery's  Store. 
James  T.  Morehead  . .  .Greensboro'. 


David  Outlaw Windsor. 

Edward  Stanly Washington. 

Abraham  W.  Venable.  Browns  ville. 


Salmon  P.  Chase. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.Cincinnati.  |  Benjamin  F.  Wade. 


.Jefferson. 


Nelson  Barrere Hillsboroueh. 

Hiram  Bell Greenville. 

George  II.  Busby Marion. 

Joseph  Cable Carrollton. 

Lewis  D.  Campbell Hamilton. 

David  K.  Cartter Massillon. 

David  T.  Disney Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Alfred  P.  Edgerton Hicksville. 

James  M.  Gaylord.McConnellsville. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 

Frederick  W.  Green Tiffin. 

Alexander  Harper Zanesville. 

William  F.  Hunter Woodsiield. 

John  Johnson Coshocton. 


Eben  Newton Canfield. 

Edson  B.  Olds Circleville. 

Benjamin  Stanton — Belief ontaine. 

Charles  Sweetser Delaware. 

'John  L.  Taylor Chillicothe. 

Norton  S.  Townshend Avon. 

John  Welch Athens. 


Richard  Brodhead. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

.  .Easton.  |  James  Cooper. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Pottsville. 


John  Allison  Beaver 

James  Gamble  Jersey  Shore. 

Thomas  M.  Bibi^haus  .  .  .  .Lebanon 

Alfred  Gilinore  Butler. 

Joseph  R.  Chandler  .  .Philadelphia. 
Carlton  B.  Curtis  Warren 

Galnsha  A.  Grow  Glenwood. 
John  W  Howe  Franklin. 

John  L.  Dawson  Brownsville 

Thomas  M  Howe.  Alleghany  City. 

Milo  M.  Diiinnick  Stroudsburg. 
Thomas  B.  Florence.  .Philadelphia. 
Henrv  M.  Fuller  1  Wilkesbarre. 

J.  Glancy  Jones  Reading. 
Joseph  11.  Kuhns  Greensburg. 
William  H.  Kurtz.  .  .               .  .York. 

Jas.  X.  McLanahan.Chambersburg. 

John  McNair Norristown. 

Henry  D.  Moore Philadelphia. 

John  A.  Morrison Cochrimsville. 

Andrew  Parker. MilHintown. 

John  Robbins,  Jr. Kensington,  Phil. 

Thomas  Ross Doylestown. 

Thaddeus  Stevens Lancaster. 


*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  II.  B.  Wright. 


132 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
JohnH.  Clarke Providence.  |  Charles  T.  James Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
George  G.  King Newport.  |  Benjamin  B.  Thurston Hopkinton. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Andrew  P.  Butler Edgefield  C.  H.  I  R.  Barnwell  Rhett 2. 

William  F.  DeSaussure  J Columbia. 


.Charleston. 


"William  Aiken Charleston. 

Armistead  Btirt Willington. 

William  F.  Coloock. . .  Grahamville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  McQueen Bennettsville. 

James  L.  Orr Anderson  C.  H. 

Daniel  Wallace Jonesville. 


Joseph  A.  Woodward  .Winnsboro'. 


1  Appointed  in  place  of  R  Barnwell  Rhett,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  20, 1852.       *  Resigned  in  1852. 


John  Bell. 


William  M.  Churchwell.Knoxville. 

William  Cullom Carthage. 

Meredith  P.  Gentry Franklin. 

Isham  G.  Harris Paris. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Nashville.  |  James  C.  Jones. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  Johnson Greeneville. 

George  W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

William  H.  Polk Columbia. 

John  H.  Savage Smithville. 


.Memphis. 


Frederick  P.  Stanton Memphis. 

Albert  G.  Watkins.  Panther  Springs. 
C.  H.  Williams Lexington. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Houston Huntsville.  I  Thomas  J.  Rusk Nacogdoches. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Volney  E.  Howard San  Antonio.  |  Richardson  Scurry Clarksville. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


Solomon  Foot Rutland. 


William  TIpham2 Montpelier. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps l Middlebury. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Bartlett,  jun Lyndon.    James  Meacham Middlebury. 

William  Hebard Chelsea.    Ahiinan  L.  Miner Manchester. 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  William  Upham,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  19, 1853.       »  Died  Jan.  14, 1853. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter <. 


Thomas  H.  Averett Halifax. 

Thomas  H.  Bayly. .  .Accoinac  C.  H. 

James  M.  H.  Beale Pt.  Pleasant. 

Tlios.  S.  Bocqck.Appomattox  C.  II. 

John  S.  Caskie Richmond. 

Sherrard  Clemens l Wheeling. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

..Lloyd's.  |  James  M.  Mason. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Edmundson Salem. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner  .  .Martinsburg. 
Alexander  R.  Holladay .  Mansfield. 

John  Letcher Lexington. 

Richard  K.  Meade Petersburg. 

Fayette  McMullen Rye  Cove. 


.Winchester. 


John  S.  Millson Norfolk. 

Paulus  Powell Amherst  C.  H. 

James  F.  Strother, 

Rappahannock  C.  H. 
George  W.  Thompson2. . . 


1  Elected  in  place  of  George  W.  Thompson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1852. 


Resigned  in  1852. 


Henry  Dodge 

James  Duane  Doty. . . 


WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Dodgeville.  |  Isaac  P.  Walker Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
. . .  .Menasha.  |  Charles  Durkee Kenosha.  |  Benjamin  C.  Eastman .  .Platteville. 


THE  THIRTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


133 


MINNESOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Henry  H.  Sibley ;< 


.Mendota. 


Richard  F.  "Weightman 


TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 
DELEGATE. 


1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1851. 


.Santa  F& 


Joseph  Lane. 


John  M  Bernhisel1. 


OREGON  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


UTAH  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


Took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1851. 


.Oregon  City. 


.Salt  Lake  City. 


THE  1HIRTY-TIIED  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1853,  to  Aug.  7, 1854.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  4, 1854,  to  March  3, 1855. 


Vice-President.1  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — DAVID  R.  ATCHISON  of  Missouri;  LEWIS  CASS  of 
Michigan,  elected  Dec.  4,  1§54,  for  one  day  ;  JESSE  D.  BBIGHT  of  Indiana,  elected  Dec.  5,  1854.  Secretary  of 
the  Senate. — ASBURY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  LINN  Bo  YD  of  Kentucky.    Clerk  of  the  House.  —  JOHN  W.  FOBNEY  of  Pennsylvania, 
i  William  R.  King,  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  died  April  18, 1853. 


Clement  C.  Clay,  jun,. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
.Huntsville.  |  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick l. 


.Wetumpka. 


James  Abercrombie Girard. 

Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb. Belief onte. 
James  F.  Dowdell  .Chambers  C.  H. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Sampson  "W".  Harris Wetumpka. 

George  S.  Houston Athens. 

Philip  Phillips Mobile. 


William  R.  Smith Fayette  C.  H. 


Elected  in  place  of  William  R.  King,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  19, 1853. 


Robert  W.  Johnson  *. 


ARKANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

Little  Rock.  |  William  K.  Sebastian2 Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Alfred  B.  Greenwood Bentonville.  |  Edward  A.  Warren Camden. 

i  Appointed  in  place  of  Solon  Borland,  appointed  minister  to  Central  America;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1853;  subsequently  elected 

by  the  legislature.        2  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1853. 


184 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


CALIFORNIA. 
SENATORS. 

William  M.  Qwin X San  Francisco.  |  John  B.  Weller San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Milton  S.  Latham Sacramento  City.  |  James  A.  McDougall San  Francisco. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


Francis  Oillett  * Hartford. 


Truman  Smith1 Lftohfield. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaac  Toncey Hartford. 


Nathan  Bolchor Now  London. 

Colin  M.  Ingorsoll New  Haven. 


James  T.  Pratt Rooky  Hill. 

Origen  S.  Seymour Litchfield. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Truman  Smith,  resigned ;  took  Ids  seat  May  25, 1854.       »  Resigned  April  11, 1854. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
James  A,  Bayard Wilmington.  |  John  M.  Clayton l Chippewa. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  Read  Riddle Wilmington. 

*  Took  his  seat  March  4,  1853. 


FLORIDA. 
SENATORS. 
Jacksonville.  |  Jackson  Morton Pensacola. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Augustus  E.  Maxwell Tallahassee. 


Stephen  R.  Mallory. 


William  C.  Dawson. 


David  J.  Bailey Jackson. 

Elijah  W.  Oha'stain Tacoah. 

Alfred  H.  Colquitt Newton. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

.Greensborough.  |  Robert  Toombs  * 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  B.  W.  Dent Newnan. 

Jiinius  Hillyer Monroe. 

David  A.  Reese Monticello. 

»  Took  his  seat  March  4,  1853. 


.Washington. 


James  L.  Seward Thomasville. 

A.  H.  Stephens Crawford ville. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas . 


ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 
.Chicago.  |  James  Shields 


James  C.  Allen Palestine. 

Willis  Alien Marina. 

I.  Bissoll Belleville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Knox Knoxville. 

Jesse  O.  Norton Juliet. 

William  A.  Richardson . . .  .Quincy. 


.Belleville. 


Ellihn  B.  Washburne Galena. 

John  Went  worth, Chicago. 

Richard  Yates Jacksonville. 


Jesse  D.  Bright ! 


Ebeno/orM.  Chamberlain  .Goshon. 

John  G.  Davis Rookvillo. 

Cyrus  L.  Dunham Valley  Farm. 

Norman  Eddy South  Bend. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Madison.  |  John  Pettit 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  II.  English Lexington. 

Andrew  J.  Harlan Marion. 

Thomas  A.  Hondricks.. Shelby villo. 
James  H.  Lane Lawrence  burgh. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Doc.  5, 1854. 


.Lafayette. 


Daniel  Mace Lafayette. 

Smith  Miller Patoka. 

Samuel  W.  Parker. ...Coimersvillo. 


THE  THIRTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


135 


IOWA. 
SENATORS. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge Burlington.  |  George  W.  Jones Dubuque. 

REPRESENT  ATI  VES . 
John  P.  Cook Davenport.  |  Bernbart  Henn Fairfield. 


Archibald  Dixon , 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

.Henderson.  |  John  B.  Thompson1. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Harrodsburg. 


Linn  Boyd  2 Paducah. 

John  C.  Breddnridge..  .Lexington. 

Francis  M.  Bristow^. Elkton. 

James  S.  Chrisman Monticello. 


Leander  M.  Cox Flemingshurg. 

John  M.  Elliott Prcstonlmrg. 

Presley  E wi  ng 4 Russell ville. 

Ben  Edwards  Grey  . . Hopkins villo. 


Clement  S.  Hill Lebanon. 

William  Preston Louisville. 

liichard  S.  titauton Maysville. 


1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1853.       »  Elected  speaker  Dec.  5,  1853.       8  Elected  in  place  of  Presley  Ewlng,  deceased :  took  his  scat 

Dec.  4, 1854.       *  Died  ill  1854. 

LOUISIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Judah  P.  Benjamin1 New  Orleans.  |  John  Slidell2 New  Orleans. 

BEPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Dunbar Now  Orleans. 

Theodore  G.  Hunt New  Orleans. 


Roland  Jones Shreveport. 

John  Perkins,  jun Ashwood. 


1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1853.       *  Elected  In  place  of  Pierre  Soul<5,  resigned  1853;  took  Ilia  seat  Dec.  5, 1853. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden1. 


.Hampden. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Portland.  |  Hannibal  Hamlin 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  P.  Benson Winthrop.  I  Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller Calais.  I  Moses  McDonald Portland. 

E.  Wilder  Farley New  Castle.  |  Samuel  Mayhall Gray.  |  Israel  Washburii,  jun Orono. 

1  Took  his  scat  Fob.  23,  1854. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

James  A  Pearco Chestertown.  |  Thomas  G.  Pratt Annapolis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  R.  Franklin Snow  Hill.  I  Henry  May Baltimore. 

William  T.  Hamilton  .Hagerstown.  |  Jacob  Shower Manchester. 


A.  R.  Sollers.  Prince  Frederiektown. 
Joshua  Vansaut Baltimore. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Edward  Everett  * Boston. 

J  ulius  Rockwell 2 , Pittslield. 


SENATORS. 

Charles  Ruinner Boston. 


Henry  Wilson  8 Natick, 


William  Appleton Boston. 

Nathaniel  1'.  Banks,  jun.  .Waltham. 

Samuel  L.  Crocker Taunton. 

Alexander  DeWitt Oxford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  Dickinson Amherst. 

J.  Wiley  E< Inlands. Newton  Corner. 
Thomas  D.  Eliot 4. . .  .New  Bedford. 
John  Z.  Goodrich Gleuilale. 


Zeno  Scudder  6 Barnstable. 

Charles  W.  Upharn Salem. 

Samuel  H.  Walley Roxbury. 

Tappan  Wentworth Lowell. 

»  Elected  in 
*  Elected 


Lewis  Cass l. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

..Detroit.  |  Charles  E.  Stuart2. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Kalamazoo. 


Samuel  Clark Detroit. 

David  A.  Noble Monroe. 


Hestor  L.  Stevens "P°ntifV? 


David  Stuart. 


Detroit. 


Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  4, 1854,  for  one  day.       »  Took  his  seat  March  4, 181 


136 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Stephen  Adams .Aberdeen.  |  Albert  G.  Brown1 Newtown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Barksdale Columbus.  I  Wiley  P.  Harris Monticello.  I  Daniel  B.  Wright Salem. 

William  S.  Barry Greenwood.  |  Otho  R.  Singleton Canton.  | 

i  Took  his  seat  Jan.  26, 1854. 


David  R.  Atchison1 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 
.Platte  City.  |  Henry  S.  Geyer. 


Thomas  H.  Benton St.  Louis. 

Samuel  Caruthers.  .Fredericktown. 
Alfred  W.  Lamb Hannibal. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  J.  Lindley Monticello. 

John  G.  Miller Boonville. 

Mordecai  Oliver Richmond. 

1  President  pro  tern. 


John  S.  Phelps . 


...St.  Louis. 
.Springfield. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  G.  Atherton  * Nashua. 

Moses  Norris  2 Manchester. 


JohnS.  Wells  3 

Jared  W.  Williams  4 Lancaster. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Harry  Hibbard  ...............  Bath.  |  George  W.  Kittredge  .New  Market.  |  George  W.  Morrison  .  .  .Manchester. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  4,  1853;  died  Nov.  15,  1853.        2  Died  Jan.  11,  1855.        s  Appointed  in  place  of  Moses  Norris,  deceased; 
took  his  seat  Jan.  22,  1855.       *  Appointed  in  place  of  Charles  G.  Atherton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  12,  1853. 


NEW   JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
John  R.  Thomson  ...........................  Princeton.  |  William  Wright  x 

REPRESENTATIVES  . 

Samuel  Lilly  .........  Lambertville.  I  Charles  Skelton  ...........  Trenton. 

Alex.  C.  M.  Pennington.  .  .Newark.  |  Nathan  T.  Stratton  .  .  .Mullica  Hill. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  4,  1853. 


Newark. 


George  Vail  ...  ........  Morristown. 


Hamilton  Fish , 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.New  York.  |  William  H.  Seward. 


.Auburn. 


Henry  Bennett New  Berlin. 

Davis  Carpenter1 Brockport. 

George  W.  Chase Schenevus. 

Thomas  W.  Gumming Brooklyn. 

Francis  B.  Cutting New  York. 

Gilbert  Dean  2 Poughkeepsie. 

Reuben  E.  Feuton Frewsburg. 

Thomas  T.  Flagler Lockport. 

Henry  C.  Goodwin8 Hamilton. 

George  Hastings Mt.  Morris. 

Solomon  G.  Haven Buffalo. 

Charles  Hughes Sandy  Hill. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  T.  Jones Baldwinsville. 

Caleb  Lyon Lyonsdale. 

Orsamus  B.  Matteson Utica. 

James  Maurice Maspeth. 

Edwin  B.  Morgan Aurora. 

William  Murray Gosh  en. 

Andrew  Oliver Penn  Yan. 

.Tared  V.  Peck Port  Chester. 

Rufus  W.  Peckham Albany. 

Bishop  Perkins Ogdensburg. 

Benjamin  Pringle Batavia. 

Peter  Rowe Schenectady. 


Russell  Sage Troy. 

George  A.  Simmons Keeseville. 

Gen-it  Smith4 Peterborough. 

John  J.  Taylor Owego. 

Isaac  Teller  5 Mattawan. 

William  M.  Tweed New  York. 

Hiraiu  Walbridge New  York. 

William  A.  AV'alker New  York. 

Mike  Walsh New  York. 

Theodoric  R.  Westbrook  .Kingston. 
John  Wheeler New  York. 


1  In  place  of  A.  Boody,  resigned  October.  1853. 
his  seat  Dec.  4, 1854.       4  Resigned  in  1854. 


2  Resigned  July  3, 1854.       8  Elected  in  place  of  Gerrit  Smith,  resigned ;  took 
B  Elected  in  place  of  Gilbert  Dean,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1854. 


George  E.  Badger. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
. .  .Raleigh.  |  David  S.  Reid  *• 


.Wentworth. 


William  S.  Ashe Wilmington. 

Thomas  L.  Clingman Asheville. 

Burton  Craige Salisbury. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Kerr Yanceyville. 

Richard  C.  Puryear  ....  Huntsville. 
Sioii  H.  Rogers Raleigh. 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  11, 1854. 


Thomas  Ruffin . 
Henry  M.  Shaw. 


.Goldsborough. 
..Indian  Town. 


THE   THIRTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


137 


Salmon  P.  Chase. 


Edward  Ball Zanesville. 

George  Bliss Akron. 

Lewis  D.  Campbell Hamilton. 

Moses  B.  Corwin Urbana. 

David  T.  Disney Cincinnati. 

Alfred  P.  Edgerton Hicksville. 

Andrew  Ellison Georgetown. 


James  Cooper. 


OHIO. 
SENATORS. 

Cincinnati.  I  Benjamin  Wade. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 

Frederic  W.  Green Tiffin. 

Aaron  Harlan Yellow  Springs. 

John  Scott  Harrison Cleves. 

Harvey  H.  Johnson Ashland. 

William  D.  Lindsley Sandusky. 

Matthias  H.  Nichols Lima. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
Pottsville.  I  Richard  Brodhead. 


.Jefferson. 


Edson  B.  Olds Circleville. 

Thomas  Ristchey Somerset. 

William  R.  Sapp Mt.  Vernon. 

Wilson  Shannon St.  Clairsville. 

Andrew  Stuart Steubenville. 

John  L.  Taylor Chillicothe. 

Edward  Wade Cleveland. 


.Easton. 


Samuel  A.  Bridges Allentown. 

Joseph  R.  Chandler..  .Philadelphia. 

Carltoii  B.  Curtis Warren. 

John  L.  Dawson Brownsville. 

John  Dick Meadyille. 

Augustus  Drum Indiana. 

William  Everhart Westchester. 

Thomas  B.  Florence.  .Philadelphia. 
James  Gamble Jersey  Shore. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  A. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Galusha  A.  Grow Glenwood. 

Isaac  E.  Hiester Lancaster. 

Thomas  M.  Howe.  .Alleghany  City. 

J.  Glancy  Jones l Reading. 

William  H.  Kurtz York. 

John  McCulloch Shaver's  Creek. 

Ner  Middleswarth Beavertown. 

John  McNair Norristown. 

Henry  A.  Muhlenberg  a Berks. 

Muhlenberg,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Feb. 


Asa  Packer Mauch  Chunk. 

David  Ritchie Pittsburg. 

John  Robbins,  jun Kensington. 

Samuel  L.  Russell Bedford. 

Christian  M.  Straub Pottsville. 

Michael  C.  Trout Sharon. 

William  H.  Witte Richmond. 

Hendrick  B.  Wright .  .Wilkesbarre. 

13, 1854.       *  Died  Jan.  9, 1854. 


KHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Philip  Allen Providence.  |  Charles  T.  James Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Thomas  Davis Providence.  |  Benjamin  B.  Thurston Hopkinton. 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
Andrew  P.  Butler Edgefield  C.  H.  |  Josiah  J.  Evans  1 Society  Hill. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Aikin Charleston.    Preston  S.  Brooks Ninety-Six.  I  John  McQueen.  .Marlborough  C.  H. 

William  W.  Boyce. .  Winnsborough.    L.  M.  Keitt Orangeburgh  C.  H.  |  James  L.  Orr Anderson. 

i  Took  Ms  seat  March  4, 1853. 


John  Bell. 


Robert  M.  Bugg Lynnville. 

William  M.  CliurchwelL.Knoxville. 

William  Cullom Carthage. 

Emerson  Etheridge Dresden. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Nashville.  |  James  C.  Jones. . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

Charles  Ready . .  .Murfreesborough. 

Samuel  A.  Smith Charleston. 

Frederick  P.  Staoton Memphis. 


.Memphis. 


Nath'l  G.  Taylor  i . .  .Happy  Valley. 
Felix  K.  Zollicoffer Nashville. 


Elected  in  place  of  Brookins  Campbell,  deceased  Dec.  25,  1853,  having  never  taken  his  seat ;  took  his  seat  March  30, 1854. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 
Samuel  Houston  ...........................  Huntsville.  |  Thomas  J.  Rusk 

REPRESENTATIVES  . 
Peter  H.  BeU  ..................................  Austin.  |  George  W.  Smyth 

VERMONT. 


Nacogdoches. 
Jasper. 


SENATORS. 


Lawrence  Brainerdi St.  Alban's.    Samuel  S.  Phelps  2. 

Solomon  Foot Rutland. 

i  Elected  in  place  of  William  Upham,  deceased,  Samuel  S.  Phelps  having  been  appoi"te(^ •& 
*  Appointed  in  place  of  William  Upham,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan 


, Middlebury. 

took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1854. 


138  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Meacham Middlebury.  I  Andrew  Tracy "Woodstock. 

Alvali  Sabin Georgia.  | 

VIRGINIA.. 
SENATORS. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter Lloyd's.  |  James  M.  Mason "Winchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Bayly..  .Accomac  C.  H. 
Thos.  S.  Bocock.  Appomattox  C.  H. 

John  S.  Caskie Richmond. 

Henry  A.  Edmundson Salem. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner  .  .Martinsburg. 


"William  O.  Goode Boydton. 

Zedekiah  Kid  well Fairmont. 

John  Letcher Lexington. 

Charles  S.  Lewis1 Clarksburgh. 

Fayette  McMullen Rye  Cove. 


John  S.  Millson Norfolk. 

Paulus  Powell Amherst. 

William  Smith Warreuton. 

John  F.  Snodgrass  2. .  .Parkersburg. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  John  F.  Snodgrass,  deceased  j  took  bis  seat  Dec.  4, 1854.       a  Died  June  5, 1854. 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  Dodge Dodgeville.  |  Isaac  P.  Walker Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Benjamin  C.  Eastman. .  .Platteville.  |  John  B.  Macy Fond  du  Lac.  |  Daniel  Wells,  jun. Milwaukee. 

KANSAS  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 

J.  W.  Whitfield1 Tecumseh. 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  20, 1854. 

MINNESOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Henry  M.  Rice St.  Paul. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 
DELEGATE. 

Jose"  Manuel  Gallegos  * Albuquerque. 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1853. 

OREGON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  Lane Winchester. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
John  M.  Bernhisel Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 

Columbia  Lancaster 1 St.  Helena. 

»  Took  Ms  seat  April  12, 1854. 


THE  THIBTY-FOUBTH  CONGRESS.  139 


THE  THIETY-FOUKTH  CONGEESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1855,  to  Aug.  18,  1856.     Second  Session,  from  Aug.  21, 1856,  to  Aug.  30, 1856. 
Third  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1856,  to  March  3,  1857. 


Vice-President  1  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  JESSE  D.  BRIGHT  of  Indiana,  again  elected  June  11, 
1856;  CHARLES  E.  STUART  of  Michigan,  elected  June  9,  1856;  JAMES  M.  MASON  of  Virginia,  elected  Jan.  6, 
1857.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  ASBURY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  NATHANIEL  P.  BANKS  of  Massachusetts.  Clerks  of  the  House.  —  JOHN  W.  FORNEY  of 
Pennsylvania;  WILLIAM  CULLOM  of  Tennessee,  elected  Feb.  4,  1856. 

i  William  R.  King,  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  died  April  18, 1853. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Clement  C.  Clay,  jun Huntsville.  |  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick Wetumpka. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Williamson R.  W.  Cobb. Belief onte. 
James  F.  Dowdell .  Chambers  C.  H. 
Sampson  W.  Harris Wetumpka. 


George  S.  Houston Athens. 

Eli  S.  Shorter Eufaula. 

William  R.  Smith Fayette  C.  H. 


Percy  Walker Mobile. 


ARKANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

Robert  W.  Johnson Pine  Bluffs.  |  William  K.  Sebastian Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Alfred  B.  Greenwood Bentonville.  |  Albert  Rust El  Dorado. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  W.  Gwin1 San  Francisco.  |  John  B.  Weller San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  W.  Denver Weaverville.  |  Philemon  T.  Herbert Mariposa  City. 

i  Took  his  seat  Feb.  16, 1857. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Lafayette  S.  Foster Norwich.  |  Isaac  Toucey Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ezra  Clark,  jun. . .  , .  .Hartford.  I  William  W.  Welch .Norfolk. 

Sidney  Dean Putnam.  |  John  Woodruff New  Haven. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard Wilmington.  I  Joseph  P.  Comegys2 Dover. 

John  M.  Clayton  * Chippewa.  | 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

ElishaD.  Cullen... Georgetown. 

1  Died  Nov.  9, 1856.       2  Appointed  in  place  of  John  M.  Clayton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1856. 


140 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


FLOEIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory Key  West.  |  David  L.  Yulee Homasassa. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Augustus  E.  Maxwell Tallahassee. 


Alfred  Iverson 


Howell  Cobb '. Athens. 

Martin  J.  Crawford Columbus. 

Nathaniel  G.  Foster Madison. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Columbus.  |  Robert  Toombs  . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Lumpkin Rome. 

James  L.  Seward Thomasville. 

Alex.  H.  Stephens . .  Crawf ordville. 


."Washington. 


Robert  P.  Trippe Forsyth. 

Hiram  Warner Greenville. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas , 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

..Chicago.  |  Lyman  Trumbull l. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Alton. 


James  C.  Allen2 Palestine. 

Jacob  C.  Davis  3 Warsaw. 

Thomas  L.  Harris Petersburg. 

James  Knox Knoxville. 


Lyman  Trumbull  1 Alton. 

Ellihu  B.  Washburne Galena. 

James  H.  Woodworth Chicago. 


S.  S.  Marshall 4. .  .McLeansborough. 
James  L.  D.  Morrison5.. Belleville. 

Jesse  O.  Norton Jpliet. 

William  A.  Richardson  6 . . .  Quincy. 

1  Elected  senator,  and  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1855.        2  Election  contested  by  William  B.  Archer,  and  seat  declared  vacant ; 
subsequently  elected  at  new  election,  and  took  hia  seat  Dec.  1,  1856.        8  Elected  in  place  of  William  A.  Richardson,  resigned ; 
took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1856.       *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  hy  G.  Jay  S.  Turney. 
elected  senator ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1856.       «  Resigned  Aug.  25, 1856. 


8  Elected  in  place  of  Lyman  Trumbull, 


Jesse  D.  Bright ] 


Lucian  Barbonr Indianapolis. 

Samuel  Brenton Fort  Wayne. 

Sclmyler  Coif  ax South  Bend. 

William  Cumback Greensburg. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

, Madison.  |  Graham  N.  Fitch2. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  G.  Dunn Bedford. 

William  H.  English Lexington. 

David  P.  Holloway Richmond. 

Daniel  Mace Lafayette. 


.Logansport. 


Smith  Miller Patoka. 

John  U.  Pettit Wabash. 

Harvey  D.  Scott Terre  Haute. 


1  President  pro  tern.       2  Took  his  seat  Feb.  9, 1857. 

IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Harlan Mt.  Pleasant.  |  George  W.  Jones ,,, Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Augustus  Hall 1 Kessauqua.  |  James  Thorington Davenport. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  R.  G.  B.  Clarke. 


John  J.  Crittenden. 


Henry  C.  Burnett Cadiz. 

John 'P.  Campbell Belleview. 

Leander  M.  Cox Flemingsburg. 

John  M.  Elliott Presto nburg. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

.Frankfort.  |  John  B.  Thompson. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Harrodsburg. 


Joshua  H.  Jewett .  .Elizabethtown. 

Alex.  K.  Marshall Nicholasville. 

Humphrey  Marshall Springport. 

Samuel  F.  Swope Falmouth. 


Albert  G.  Talbott Danville. 

Warner  L.  Underwood, 

Bowling  Green. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Judah  P.  Benjamin New  Orleans.  |  John  Slidell New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Sandidge Pineville. 

Miles  Taylor Donaldsonville. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Albert  Fabre. 


Thomas  G.  Davidson Livingston. 

George  Eustis,  jun.1 New  Orleans. 


THE  THIRTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


141 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

"William  Pitt  Fessenden Portland.  I  Amos  Nourse  2 Bath. 

Hannibal  Hamlin  * Hampden.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  P.  Benson.   Winthrop.  I  Ebenezer  Kuowlton. .  .S.  Montville.  I  Israel  "Washburn,  jun.     .   . .  Orono 

Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller3 Calais.  |  John  J.  Perry Oxford.  |  John  M.  Wood Portland. 

*  Resigned  Jan.  7, 1857,  having  been  elected  governor.       2  Appointed  in  place  of  Hannibal  Hamlin.  resigned:  took  his  seat 
Jan.  24, 1857.       8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  A.  MlUiken. 

MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

James  A.  Pearce Chestertown.  |  Thomas  G.  Pratt Annapolis. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Thos.  F.  Bowie.UpperMarlborough.  I  J.  Morrison  Harris Baltimore.  I  James  B.  Ricaud Chestertown. 

H.  Winter  Davis Baltimore.  |  Henry  W.  Hoffman. .  .Cumberland.  |  James  A.  Stewart Cambridge. 


Charles  Sumner , 


Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  jun.1.  Waltham. 

James  Buffinton Fall  River. 

Auson  Burlingame Cambridge. 

Calvin  C.  Chaffee Springfield. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Linus  B.  Comins Roxbury. 

William  S.  Danirell Dedham. 

Timothy  Davis Gloucester. 

Alexander  DeWitt Oxford. 

1  Elected  speaker  Feb.  2, 1856. 


.Natick. 


Robert  B.  Hall Plymouth. 

Chauncey  L.  Knapp Lowell. 

Mark  Trafton Westfield. 


Lewis  Cass. 


MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

, .  .Detroit.  |  Charles  E.  Stuart 1 Kalamazoo. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Howard Detroit. 

George  W.  Peck Lansing. 


David  S.  Walbridge Kalamazoo. 

Henry  Waldron Hillsdale. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  June  9, 1856. 

MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Stephen  Adams Aberdeen.  |  Albert  G.  Brown Newton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Barksdale Columbus.  I  William  A.  Lake Vicksburg.  I  Daniel  B.  Wright Salem. 

Heudley  S.  Bennett Grenada.  |  John  A.  Quitman Natchez.  | 

MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  S.  Geyer St.  Louis.  |  James  Stephens  Greeni Canton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  P.  Akers  2 Lexington. 

Samuel  Caruthers.Cape  Girardeau. 
Luther  M.  Kennett St.  Louis. 


James  J.  Lindley Monticello. 

John  G.  Miller 3" Boonville. 

Mordecai  Oliver Richmond. 


John  S.  Phelps Springfield. 

Gilchrist  Porter Hannibal. 


1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  21, 1857.       2  Elected  hi  place  of  John  G.  Miller,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Aug.  18, 1856.       »  Died  May  11, 1856. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS.  , 

James  Bell Laconia.  |  John  P.  Hale Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 
Aaron  H.  Cragin Lebanon.  |  James  Pike. . .  .South  New  Market.  |  Mason  W.  Tappan Bradford. 


142 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  R.  Thomson , 


NEW    JEKSEY. 

SENATORS. 

..Trenton.  |  William  "Wright. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Bishop New  Brunswick.    Alex.  G.  M.  Pennington. .  .Newark.  I  George  Vail 

Isaiah  D.  Clawson Woodstown.    Geo.  R.  Robbins  .Hamilton  Square.  | 


Newark. 

.Morristown. 


Hamilton  Fish . 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.New  York.  |  William  H.  Seward. 


.Auburn. 


Henry  Bennett New  Berlin. 

Thomas  Clrilds,  jnn.1 New  York. 

Bayard  Clark New  York. 

Samuel  Dickson New  Scotland. 

Edward  Dodd Argyle. 

Francis  S.  Edwards2 Fredoiiia. 

Thomas  T.  Flakier Lockport. 

William  A.  Gilbert 3 Adams. 

Amos  P.  Grander Syracuse. 

Solomon  G.  Haven Buffalo. 

Thomas  R.  Uorton Fultonville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jonas  A.  Hughston Delhi. 

John  Kelly New  York. 

William  II.  Kelsey Geneseo. 

Rufus  H.  King Catskill. 

Orsamus  B.  Matteson  4 Utica. 

Andrew  Z.  McCarty Pulaski. 

Killian  Miller Hudson. 

Edwin  B.  Morgan Aurora. 

Ambrose  S.  Murray Goshen. 

Andrew  Oliver Penn  Yan. 

John  M.  Parker Owego. 


1  Never  took  his  seat,  owing  to  prolonged  illness. 


2  Resigned  Feb.  28.  1857. 
Feb.  27,  1857. 


Guy  R.  Pelton New  York. 

Benjamin  Pringle Batavia. 

Russell  Sage Troy. 

George  A.  Simmons Keeseville. 

Francis  E.  Spinner Mohawk. 

James  S.  T.  Stranahan. . .  Brooklyn. 

William  W.  Valk Flushing. 

Abrain  Wakeman New  York. 

•John  Wheeler New  York. 

Thomas  R.  Whitney. . .  .New  York. 
John  Williams Rochester. 

s  Resigned  Feb.  27,  1857.        *  Resigned 


Asa  Biggs. 


Lawrence  O'B.  Branch Raleigh. 

Thomas  L.  Clingman. . . . Asheville. 
Burton  Craige Salisbury. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

. . .  .Williamston.  |  David  S.  Reid  . . . 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

Robert  T.  Paine Edenton. 

Richard  C.  Puryear Huntsville. 

Edwin  G.  Reade Roxborough. 


.Pleasantville. 


Thomas  Ruffin Goldsborough. 

Warren  Winslow Fayetteville. 


George  E.  Pugh. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.  Cincinnati.  |  Benjamin  F.  Wade. 


.Jefferson. 


Charles  J.  Albright Cambridge. 

Edward  Ball Zanesville. 

John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Philemon  Bliss Elyria. 

Lewis  D.  Campbell Hamilton. 

Timothy  C.  Day Cincinnati. 

Jonas  R.  Emrie Hillsborough. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  Galloway Columbus. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 

Aaron  Harlan Yellow  Springs. 

John  Scott  Harrison Cleves. 

Valentine  B.  Horton Pomeroy. 

Benjamin  F.  Leiter Canton. 

Oscar  F.  Moore Portsmouth. 


Richard  Mott Toledo. 

Matthias  II.  Nichols Lima. 

William  R.  Sapp Mt.  Vernon. 

John  Sherman Mansfield. 

Benjamin  Stanton  . . .  Belief ontaine. 

Edward  Wade Cleveland. 

Cooper  K.  Watson Tiffin. 


William  Bigler 


John  Allison New  Brighton. 

David  Barclay Punxatawney. 

Samuel  C.  Bradshaw. .  Quakertown. 

Jacob  Brocm Philadelphia. 

John  Cadwalader Philadelphia. 

James  II.  Campbell Pottsville. 

John  Covode Lockport  Station. 

John  Dick Meadville. 

John  R.  Edie Somerset. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

....Philadelphia.  |  Richard  Brodhead. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  B.  Florence.  .Philadelphia. 

Henry  M.  Fuller AYilkesbarre. 

Galusha  A.  Grow Glenwood. 

John  Hickman Yv'est  Chester. 

J.  Clancy  Jones Reading. 

Jonathan  Knight.  .East  Bethlehem. 

John  C.  Kunkcl Harrisburg. 

William  Millward Philadelphia. 

Asa  Packer Mauch  Chunk. 


.Easton. 


John  J.  Pearce Williamsport. 

Samuel  A.  Purviance Butler. 

David  Ritchie Pittslmrg. 

Anthony  E.  Roberts Lancaster. 

David  F.  Robison. .  .Chainbersburg. 

Lemuel  Todd Carlisle. 

Job  R.  Tyson Philadelphia. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Philip  Allen Providence.  |  Charles  T.  James Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Nathaniel  B.  Durfee Tivertou.  |  Benjamin  B.  Thurston Hopkintou. 


THE  THIRTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


143 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Edgefield  C.  H.  |  Josiah  J.  Evans 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Aiken  ..........  Charleston.  I  Preston  S.  Brooks  1  .....  Ninety-Six.  I  John  McQueen.  Marlborough  C.  H. 

William  W.  Boyce  .  Winnsborough.  |  L.  M.  Keitt  2  ----  Orangeburgh  C.  H.  |  James  L.  Orr  ............  Anderson. 


Andrew  P.  Butler 


Society  Hill. 


Resigned  July  14, 1856;  subsequently  re-elected,  and  took  his  seat  Aug.  1, 1856;  died  Jan.  27,  1857. 
1856 ;  subsequently  re-elected,  and  took  his  seat  Aug.  6, 1856. 


Resigned  July  16, 


John  Bell. 


Emerson  Etheridge Dresden. 

George  W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

Charles  Ready. . . Murf reesborough. 
Thomas  Rivers Somerville. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Nashville.  |  James  C.  Jones  . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Savage Smithville. 

Samuel  A.  Smith Charleston. 

William  H.  Sneed Knoxyille. 

A.  G.  Wat  kins. . .  .Panther  Springs. 


.Memphis. 


John  V.  Wright 

Felix  K.  Zollicoffer . 


....Purdy. 
.Nashville. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  Houston Huntsville.  |  Thomas  J.  Rusk Nacogdoches. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
P.  H.  Bell Austin.  |  Lemuel  D.  Evans Marshall. 

VEEMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  Collamer Woodstock.  |  Solomon  Foot Rutland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  T.  Hodges  * Rutland. 

James  Meachain  2 Middlebury. 


Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford. 

Alvah  Sabin Georgia. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  James  Meacham,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1856.       *  Died  Aug.  22, 1856. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter. 


Thomas  H.  Bayly2. . Accomac  C.  H. 
Thos.  S.  Bocock. .  Appomattox  C.  H. 

John  K.  Carlile Clarksburg. 

John  S.  Caskie Richmond. 

Henry  A.  Edmundson Salem. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Jan.  6, 1857. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Lloyd's.  |  James  M.  Mason l. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner  .  .Martinsburg. 

Muscoe  R.  H.  Garnett3 Lloyd's. 

William  O.  Goode Boydton. 


.Winchester. 


Fayette  McMullin Rye  Cove. 

John  S.  Millson Norfolk. 

Paulus  Powell Amlierst  C.  H. 

William  Smith Warrenton. 


Zedekiah  Kidwell Fail-mount. 

John  Letcher Lexington. 

2  Died  June  23,  1856.       3  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  H.  Bayly,  deceased;  took 
his  seat  Dec.  1, 1856. 


WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  Dodge Dodgeville.  |  Charles  Durkee Kenosha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Charles  BiUinghurst Juneau.  |  C.  C.  Washburue. . .  .Mineral  Point.  |  Daniel  Wells,  jun Milwaukee. 


John  W.  Whitfield  1 


Henry  M.  Rice. 


KANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 


.Tecumseh. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Andrew  II.  Reeder. 

MINNESOTA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 


.St.  PauL 


144  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NEBRASKA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Bird  B.  Chapman l Omaha  City. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Iliram  P.  Bennett. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATES. 
Jose*  Manuel  Gallegos 1 Albuquerque.  |  Miguel  A.  Otero  2 Albuquerque. 

i  Election  successfully  contested  by  Miguel  A.  Otero.       *  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Jos6  Manuel  Gallegos :  took  his 

seat  July  23, 1856. 

OREGON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  Lane Winchester. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
John  M.  Bernhisel Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
J.  Patton  Anderson Olympia. 


THE  THIRTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1857,  to  June  14,  1858.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1858,  to  March  3,  1859. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  C.  BRECKINRIDGE  of  Kentucky.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  — JAMBS  M. 
MASON  of  Virginia,  elected  March  4,  1857,  in  special  session;  THOMAS  J.  RUSK  of  Texas,  elected  March  14,  1857, 
in  special  session;  BENJAMIN  FITZPATRICK  of  Alabama,  elected  Dec.  7,  1857,  again  elected  March  2!),  1858,  again 
elected  June  14,  1858,  and  again  elected  Jan.  25,  1859.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  ASBUBY  DICKENS  of  North 
Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  JAMES  L.  OKR  of  South  Carolina.    Clerk  of  the  House. — JAMES  C.  ALLEN  of  Illinois. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

Clement  C.  Clay,  jun Huntsville.  |  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick  * Wetumpka. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb.  Belief  onto. 

Jabez  L.  M.  Curry Talladega. 

James  F.  Dowdell  .Chambers  C.  H. 


Georgo  S.  Houston Athens. 

Sydenham  Moore .  .Greensborpugh. 
Eli  S.  Shorter Eufaula. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Dec.  7, 1857. 


James  A.  Stall  worth — Evergreen. 


ARKANSAS. 
SENATORS.  ^ 

Robert  W.  Johnson Pine  Bluffs.  |  William  K.  Sebastian Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Alfred  B.  Greenwood Bentonvillo.  |  Edward  A.  Warren Camden. 


THE  THIRTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS.  145 


CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS.  / 

David  C.  Broderick  1 San  Francisco.  |  William  M.  Gwin San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  C.  McKibbin Downieville.  |  Charles  L.  Scott Sonora. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

James  Dixon  * Hartford.  |  Lafayette  S.  Foster Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Arnold Haddam. 


Ezra  Clark,  jun. Hartford. 


William  D.  Bishop Bridgeport.    Sidney  Dean Putnam. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
MartinW.  Bates1 Dover.  |  James  A.  Bayard Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  G.  Whiteley Newcastle. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  John  M.  Clayton,  deceased,  Joseph  P.  Comegys  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1858. 

FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory Key  West.  |  David  L.  Yulee Homasassa 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  S.  Hawkins Pensacola. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

Alfred  Iverson Columbus.  |  Robert  Toombs Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Martin  J.  Crawford Columbus. 

Lucius  J.  Gartrell Atlanta. 

Joshua  Hill Madison. 


James  Jackson Athens. 

James  L.  Sewarcl Thomasville. 

Alex.  H.  Stephens  ..Crawfordville. 


Robert  P.  Trippe Forsyth. 

Augustus  R.  Wright Rome. 


ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas Chicago.  |  Lyman  Trumbull Alton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  Smith Alton. 

Ellihu  B.  Washburne Galena. 


John  F.  Farnsworth Chicago. 

Thomas  L.  Harris  1 Petersburg. 

Charles  D.  Hodges2 Carrolltou. 

William  Kellogg Canton. 


Owen  Lovejoy Princeton. 

Sam'l  S.  MarshalLMcLeansborough. 

Isaac  N.  Morris Quincy. 

Aaron  Shaw Lawrenceville. 


1  Died  Nov.  24, 1858.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  L.  Harris,  deceased;  took  his  seat  January,  1859. 

INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Jesse  D.  Bright  1 Jeffersonville.  |  Graham  N.  Fitch  1 Logansport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Case Fort  Wayne. 

Schuyler  Coif  ax South  Bend. 

John  G.  Davis Rockville. 

William  H.  English Lexington. 


James  B.  Foley Greensburgh. 

James  M.  Gregg Dauville. 

James  Hughes  ". Blooiniugton. 

David  Kilgore Yorktown. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested. 


William  E.  Niblack Vincennes. 

John  U.  Pettit Wabash. 

James  Wilson Crawf  ordsville. 


146  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

IOWA. 
SENATORS. 

James  Harlan Mt.  Pleasant.  |  George  W.  Jones Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Samuel  R.  Curtis Keokuk.  |  Timothy  Davis Dubuque. 

KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

John  J.  Crittenden Frankfort.  |  John  B.  Thompson Harrodsburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Burnett Cadiz. 

James  B.  Clay Lexington. 

John  M.  Elliott Prestonburg. 

Joshua  H.  Jewett . .  Elizabethtown. 


Humphrey  Marshall. . .  .Springport. 

John  C.  Mason Owingsville. 

Samuel  O.  Peyton Hartford. 

John  "W.  Stevenson Covington. 


Albert  G.  Talbott Danville. 

Warner  L.  Underwood, 

Bowling  Green. 


LOUISIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Judah  P.  Benjamin New  Orleans.  |  John  Slidell , New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  G.  Davidson East  Feliciana.  I  John  M.  Sandidge Pineville. 

George  Eustis,  jun New  Orleans.  |  Miles  Taylor Donaldsonville. 

MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Fessenden Portland.  |  Hannibal  Hamlin Hampden. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nehemiah  Abbott Belfast.  I  Charles  J.  Gilman Brunswick.  I  Israel  Washburn,  jun Orono. 

Stephen  C.  Foster Pembroke.  |  Freeman  H.  Morse Bath.  |  John  M.  Wood Portland. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Anthony  Kennedy  * Baltimore.  |  James  A.  Pearce Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thos.  F.  Bowie.Unper  Maryborough.     J.  Morrison  Harris  3 Baltimore.  I  James  B.  Ricaud Chestertown. 

H.  Winter  Davis  2 Baltimore.    Jacob  M.  Kunkel Frederick.  |  James  A.  Stewart Cambridge. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857.       a  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  P.  Brooks.       8  Election  unsuccessfully  con 
tested  by  William  Pinckney  Whyte. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Charles  Sumner1 Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson Natick. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


NathanielP.  Banks,  jun.2.  Waltham. 

James  Buffinton Fall  River. 

Anson  Burlingame Cambridge. 

Calviu  C.  Chaifee Springfield. 


Linus  B.  Comins Boston. 

William  S.  Damrell Dedham. 

Timothy  Davis Gloucester. 

Heury  L.  Dawes North  Adams. 


Daniel  W.  Gooch  8 Melrose. 

Robert  B.  Hall Plymouth. 

Chauncey  L.  Knapp Lowell. 

Eli  Thayer Worcester. 


1  Did  not  take  his  seat  during  the  session.       2  Resigned  Dec.  24,  1857.       8  Elected  in  place  of  Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  jun., 

resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  21, 1858. 

MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Zachariah  Chandler  J Detroit.  |  Charles  E.  Stuart Kalamazoo. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


William  A.  Howard Detroit. 

DeWitt  G.  Leach Lansiug. 


David  S.  Walbridge Kalamazoo. 

Henry  Waldron Hillsdale. 


1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857. 

MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Rice  1 St.  Paul.  |  James  Shields  1 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

James  M.  Cavanaughs Chatfteld.  |  William  W.  Phelps2 Red  Wing. 

i  Took  his  seat  May  12, 1858.        2  Took  his  seat  May  22, 1858. 


THE  THIRTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


147 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Albert  G.  Brown Newton.  |  Jefferson  Davis1 Hurricane. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


"William  Barksdale Columbus. 

Beuben  Davis Aberdeen. 


Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar Abbeville. 

John  J.  McRae  2 State  Line. 


1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857. 


John  A.  Quitman  8 Natchez. 

Otho  R.  Singleton Canton. 


*  Elected  in  place  of  John  A.  Quitman,  deceased:  took  his  seat  Dec.  7. 1858. 
1858. 


»  Died  July  17, 


James  S.  Green 


Thomas  L.  Anderson Palmyra. 

Francis  P.  Blair,  juu. St.  Louis. 

Samuel  Carutkers .  Cape  Girardeau. 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 

Canton.  |  Trusten  Polk  1. . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Clark Fayette. 

James  Craig St.  Joseph. 

John  S.  Phelps Springfield. 

1  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857. 


.St.  Louis. 


Samuel  H.  Woodson .  Independence. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Daniel  Clark l Manchester.  |  John  P.  Hale Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin Lebanon.  |  James  Pike  ....  Sanbornton  Bridge.  |  Mason  "W.  Tappan Bradford. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  James  Bell,  deceased  May  26, 1857 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1857. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

John  R.  Thomson Princeton.  |  William  Wright 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Newark. 


Garnett  B.  Adrian.  New  Brunswick. 
Isaiah  D.  Clawsou Woodstown. 


John  Huyler Hackensack. 

Geo.  R.  Robbins  .Hamilton  Square. 


Jacob  R.  Wortendyke  .Jersey  City. 


Preston  King  *. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.Ogdensburg.  |  William  H.  Seward. 


.Auburn. 


Samuel  G.  Andrews Rochester. 

Thomas  J.  Barr2 New  York. 

Henry  Bennett New  Berlin. 

Silas  M.  Burroughs Medina. 

Horace  F.  Clark New  York. 

Clark  B.  Cochrane Schenectady. 

John  Cochrane New  York. 

Erastus  Corning Albany. 

Edward  Dodd Argyle. 

Reuben  E.  Fenton Frewsburg. 

Henry  C.  Goodwin Hamilton. 

Amos  P.  Granger Syracuse. 

i  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  B.  Haskin Fordham. 

Israel  T.  Hatch Buffalo. 

Charles  B.  Hoard Watertown. 

John  Kelly8 New  York. 

William  H.  Kelsey Geneseo. 

William  B.  Maclay New  York. 

Orsamus  B.  Matteson Utica. 

Edwin  B.  Morgan Aurora. 

Oliver  A.  Morse Cherry  Valley. 

Ambrose  S.  Murray Goshen. 

Abrani  B.  Olin Troy. 

George  W.  Palmer Plattsburg. 


John  M.  Parker Owego. 

Emory  B.  Pottle Naples. 

William  F.  Russell Saugcrties. 

John  A.  Searing, 

Hempstead  Branch. 

Judson  W.  Sherman Angelica. 

Daniel  E.  Sickles New  York. 

Francis  E.  Spinner Mohawk. 

George  Taylor Brooklyn. 

John  Thompson Poughkeepsie. 

Elijah  Ward JNew  York. 


*  Elected  in  place  of  John  Kelly,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  17, 1859. 

1858. 


»  Resigned  Dec.  25, 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Asa  Biggs  i Williamston.    David  S.  Reid. 

Thomas  L.  Climnnau  2 Asheville. 


.Pleasantville. 


Lawrence  O'B.  Branch  . . .  .Raleigh. 
Thomas  L.  Clingmau2. . .  Asliuville. 
Burton  Craige Salisbury. 

»  Resigned  May,  1858. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  A.  Gilmer Greensborough.    Henry  M.  Shaw Indian  Town. 

Thomas  Rufiin Goldsborough.     Zebulon  B.  Vance  8 Asheville. 

Alfred  M.  Scales Madison.    Warren  Winslow Fayetteville. 

»  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Asa  Biggs,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1858.       »  Elected  in  place  of 
Thomas  L.  Cliiigman,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1858. 


148 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


George  E.  Pugh. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.Cincinnati.  |  Benjamin  F.  "Wade. 


.Jefferson. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Lawrence  "W.  Hall Bucyrus. 

Aaron  Harlan Yellow  Springs. 

Valentine  B.  Horton Pomeroy. 

William  Lawrence Washington. 

Benjamin  F.  Leiter Canton. 

Joseph  Miller Chillicothe. 

Richard  Mott   Toledo. 

Matthias  H.  Nichols Lima. 


John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Philemon  Bliss Elyria. 

Joseph  Burns Coshocton. 

Lewis  D.  Campbell  * Hamilton. 

Joseph  R.  Coekerill . .  .West  Union. 

Samuel  S.  Cox Columbus. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings Jefferson. 

William  S.  Groesbeck. . .  Cincinnati. 

1  Election  successfully  contested  by  Clement  L.  Vallandigham.       2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Lewis  D.  Campbell; 

took  Ms  seat  May  25,  1858. 


George  H.  Pendleton Cincinnati. 

John  Sherman Mansfield. 

Benjamin  Stanton  . . . Belief ontaiue. 
C.  B.  Tompkins — McConnellsville. 
Clement  L.  Vallandigham,2 

Dayton. 
Edward  Wade Cleveland. 


Delazon  Smith 1.. . . 
Laf  ay  ette  Gr  o  ver  2 . 


OREGON. 
SENATORS. 

.Portland.  |  Joseph  Lane  * Winchester. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 


William  Bigler. 


Took  his  seat  Feb.  14,  1859.       2  Took  his  seat  Feb.  15,  1859. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
Clearfield.  |  Simon  Cameron  * 


Harrisburg. 


John  A.  Ahl Newville. 

Henry  Chapman Doylestown. 

John  Covode Lockport. 

William  L.  Dewart Sunbury. 

John  Dick Meadville. 

William  H.  Dimmick.  .  .Honesdale. 

John  R.  Edie Somerset. 

Thomas  B.  Florence.  .Philadelphia. 
James  L.  Gillis Ridgeway. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Galusha  A.  Grow Glenwood. 

John  Hickman West  Chester. 

J.  Glancy  Jones  2 Reading. 

Owen  Jones Cabinet. 

William  H.  Keirn  s Reading. 

John  C.  Kunkel Harrisburg. 

James  Laiidy Philadelphia. 

Paul  Leidy Danville. 

William  Montgomery  .Washington. 


Edward  Joy  Morris.  .Philladelphia. 

Henry  M.  Phillips Philadelphia. 

Samuel  A.  Purviance Butler. 

Wilson  Reilly Chambersburg. 

David  Ritchie Pittsburg. 

Anthony  E.  Roberts Lancaster. 

William  Stewart Mercer. 

Allison  White Lock  Haven. 


1  Took  Ills  seat  March  4, 1857.        2  Resigned  in  1858.       8  Elected  in  place  of  J.  Glancy  Jones,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1858. 


Philip  Allen 

William  D.  Brayton. 


EHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

.Providence.  |  James  F.  Simmons1 Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

. .  .Warwick.  |  Nathaniel  B.  Durfee Tiverton. 

i  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1857. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 


James  Chestnut,  jun.1 Kershaw. 

Josiah  J.  Evans  2 Society  Hill. 


James  H.  Hammond Beech  Island. 

Arthur  P.  Hayne  3 


Milledge  L.  Bonham Edgefield. 

William  W.  Boyce Monticello. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

L.  M.  Keitt Orangeburgh  C.  H. 

John  McQueen.. Marlborough  C.  H. 


William  P.  Miles Charleston. 

James  L.  Orr  4 Anderson. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Josiah  J.  Evans,  deceased,  Arthur  P.  Hayne  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  5, 1859. 
*  Died  May  6, 1858.  3  Appointed  in  place  of  Josiah  J.  Evans,  deceased;  took  his  seat  May  20, 1858.  4  Elected  speaker 
Dec.  7, 1857. 


John  Bell. 


John  D.  C.  Atkins Paris. 

William  T.  Avcry Memphis. 

George  W.  Jones Fayetteville. 

Horace  Maynard Knoxville. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Nashville.  |  Andrew  Johnson 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Ready.. .  .Murfreesborough. 

John  H.  Savage Smithville. 

Samuel  A.  Smith Charleston. 

A.  G.  Watkins . . .  .Panther  Springs. 


.Greenville. 


John  V.  Wright 

Felix  K.  Zollicoffer . 


Purdy. 

, . .  .Nashville. 


THE   THIRTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS.  149 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 


J.  Pinckney  Henderson  * Marshville. 

Samuel  Houston Huntsville! 


Thomas  J.  Rusfc2 Nacogdoches. 

Matthias  Ward  » Jefferson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Guy  M.  Bryan Brazoria.  |  John  H.  Reagan Palestine. 

i  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  J.  Rusk,  deceased;  took  his  seat  March  1, 1858;  died  June  4,  1868  *  Elected  uresidenl 
proton.  March  14,  1857;  died  July  29, 1857.  «  Appointed  in  place  of  J.  PinckneyHenderson,  deceased;  tooSseat  Dec  6 
loOo. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  Collamer Woodstock.  |  Solomon  Foot Rutland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Justin  S.  Morrill Stafford.  |  Homer  E.  Royce Berkshire.  |  E.  P.  Walton. Montpelier. 

VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter Lloyd's.  |  James  M.  Mason  1 Winchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thos.  S.  Bocock .  Appomattox  C.  H. 

John  S.  Caskie Richmond. 

Sherrard  Clemens Wheeling. 

Henry  A.  Edmundson Salem. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner. .  .Martinsburg. 


Miiscoe  R.  H.  Garnett Lovett's. 

William  O.  Goode Boydton. 

George  W.  Hopkins Abington. 

Albert  G.  Jenkins. .  .Green  Bottom. 
John  Letcher Lexington. 

Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  4, 1857. 


John  S.  Millson. Norfolk. 

Paulus  Powell Amherst. 

William  Smith Warrenton. 


WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

James  R.  Doolittle  1 Racine.  |  Charles  Durkee Kenosha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Billinghurst Juneau.  |  John  F.  Potter East  Troy.  |  C.  C.  Washburn Mineral  Point. 

i  Took  Ms  seat  March  4, 1867. 

KANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Marcus  J.  Parrott Leavenworth  City. 

MINNESOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  W.  Kingsbury Endion. 

NEBRASKA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Fenner  Ferguson  1 Belleview. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Bird  B.  Chapman. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
Miguel  A.  Otero Albuquerque. 

OREGON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Joseph  Lane Winchester. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
John  M.  Bernhisel Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Isaac  I.  Stevens Olympia. 


150  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE   THIKTY-SIXTH   CO.NGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1859,  to  June  25,  1860.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1860,  to  March  3, 1861. 


Vice-President.  —  JOHN  C.  BRECKINKIDGE  of  Kentucky.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  BENJAMIN 
FITZPATKICK  of  Alabama,  elected  March  9,  1859,  in  special  session,  again  elected  Dec.  19,  1859,  again  elected 
Feb.  20,  1860,  and  again  elected  June  26, 1860,  in  special  session;  JESSE  D.  BRIGHT  of  Indiana,  elected  June  12, 
1860;  SOLOMON  FOOT  of  Vermont,  elected  Feb.  16,  1861.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  ASBUKY  DICKENS  of  North. 
Carolina. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  WILLIAM  PENNINGTON  of  New  Jersey.  Clerks  of  the  House.  —  JAMES  C.  ALLEN  o£ 
Illinois;  JOHN  W.  FORNEY  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  Feb.  3,  1860. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Clement  C.  Clay,  jun.1 Huntsville.  |  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick2 "Wetumpka. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  A.  Stallworth  8. .  .Evergreen. 


David  Clopton  8 Tuskegee. 

Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb4.Bellefonte. 
Jabez  L.  M.  Curry  3 Talladega. 


George  S.  Houston3 Athens. 

Sydenham  Moore 3.Greensborough. 
James  L.  Pugh3 Eufaula. 


1  Retired  from  the  senate  Jan.  21,  1861.       2  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  9,  1859;  retired  from  the  senate  Jan.  21,  1861. 
8  Retired  from  the  house  Jan.  21, 1861.       *  Retired  from  the  house  Jan.  30, 1861. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  W.  Johnson Pine  Bluffs.  |  William  K.  Sebastian Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Thomas  C.  Hindman Helena.  |  Albert  Rust Little  Rock. 

* 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 


David  C.  Broderick  * San  Francisco. 

William  M.  Gwin San  Francisco. 


Henry  P.  Haun  2 Marysville. 

Milton  S.  Latham8 San  Francisco. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  C.  Burch Weaverville.  |  Charles  L.  Scott Sonora. 

1  Died  Sept.  16, 1859.       »  Appointed  in  place  of  David  C.  Broderick,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1859.       »  Elected  In  place 
of  David  S.  Broderick,  deceased,  Henry  P.  Hann  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.;  took  his  seat  March  5, 1800. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

James  Dixon Hartford.  |  Lafayette  S.  Foster Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  A.  Burnham Windham.  I  Dwight  Loomis Rockville. 

Orris  S.  Ferry Norwalk.  |  John  Woodruff New  Haven. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
James  A.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Willard  Saulsbury Georgetown. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  G.  Whiteley ". New  Castle. 


THE  THIRTY-SIXTH  CONGRESS. 


151 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Malloryl Pensacola.  |  David  L.  Yulee1 , Homasassa. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  S.  Hawkins Pensacola. 

1  Ketired  from  the  senate  Jan.  21, 1861. 
GEOEGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Alfred  Iverson  1 , Columbus.  |  Robert  Toombs Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Martin  J.  Crawford  2 Columbus.    Joshua  Hill 3 Madison.    Peter  E.  Love  2 Thomasville. 

Lucius  J.  Gartrell 2 Atlanta.    James  Jackson  2 Athens.    John  W.  H.  Underwood  2 Home. 

Thomas  Hardeman,  jun.2. .  .Macon.    John  J.  Jones  2  . .  ."Waynesborough. 

*  Ketired  from  the  senate  Jan.  28, 18G1.       2  Retired  from  the  house  Jan.  23, 1861.       »  Resigned  Jan.  23, 1861. 

ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas Chicago.  |  Lyman  Trumbull Alton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Farns worth Chicago.     John  A.  Logan Benton.    Isaac  N.  Morris Quincy. 

Philip  B.  Fouke Belleville.    Owen  Lovejoy Princeton.    James  C.  Robinson Marshall 

William  Kellogg Canton.    John  A.  McClernand . .  .Springfield.    Ellihu  B.  Washburne Galena. 

INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Jesse  D.  Bright  * Jeffersonville.  |  Graham  N.  Fitch Logansport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cliarles  Case Fort  Wayne.  William  H.  English Lexington.  John  U.  Pettit Wabash. 

Schuyler  Colfax South  Bend.  William  S.  Holman.Lawrenceburg.  Albert  G.  Porter Indianapolis. 

John  G.  Davis Rookville.  David  Kilgore Yprktowii.  James  Wilson Crawfordsville. 

William  M.  Dunn Madison.  William  E.  Niblack Vincennes. 

i  Elected  president  pro  tern.  June  12, 1860. 

IOWA. 
SENATORS. 

James  W.  Grimes Burlington.  |  James  Harlan Mt.  Pleasant 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Samuel  R.  Curtis Keokuk.  |  William  Vandever Dubuque. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
John  J.  Crittenden Frankfort.  |  Lazarus  W.  Powell Henderson. 


Green  Adams Barboursville. 

William  C.  Anderson 1 Danville. 

Francis  M.  Bristow Elkton. 

John  Young  Brown.  Elizabethtown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  C.  Burnett Cadiz. 

Robert  Mallory La  Grange. 

Laban  T.  Mooro Louisa. 

Samuel  O.  Peyton Hartford. 


William  E.  Simms Paris. 

John  W.  Stevenson Coviugton. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  S.  Chrisman. 


Judah  P.  Benjamin1 , 


John  E.  Bouligny New  Orleans. 

Thomas  G.  Davidson Baton  Rouge. 

*  Retired  from  the  senate  Feb.  4, 1861. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

New  Orleans.  |  JohnSlidell1 New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Landrum Shreveport. 

Miles  Taylor  2 Donaldsonville. 

2  Retired  from  the  house  Feb.  5, 1861. 


152 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Fessenden Portland.  I  Lot  M.  Morrill  2. 

Hannibal  Hamlin  * Hampden.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Freeman  H.  Morse Bath. 

John  J.  Perry Oxford. 

Daniel  E.  Soiues Biddeford. 


Stephen  Coburn8 Skowhegan. 

Stephen  C.  Foster Pembroke. 

Ezra  B.  French Damariscotta. 


.Augusta. 


Israel  Washburn,  jun.4 Orono. 


Resigned  Jan  17, 1861.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Hannibal  Haralin,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  17,  1861.       *  Elected  in  place 
of  Israel  Washburn,  jun.,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  2, 1861.       *  Resigned,  to  take  effect  Jan.  1, 1861. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Anthony  Kennedy Baltimore.  |  James  A.  Pearce Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


H.  "Winter  Davis Baltimore. 

J.  Morrison  Harris Baltimore. 


George  W.  Hughes West  River. 

Jacob  M.  Kunkel. .  .Frederick City. 


James  A.  Stewart Cambridge. 

Edward  H.  Webster Belair. 


Charles  Sumner 


Charles  F.  Adams Quincy. 

John  B.  Alley Lynn. 

James  Buffinton Fall  River. 

Anson  Burlingame Cambridge. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson. . , 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Henry  L.  Dawes North  Adams. 

Charles  Delano Northampton. 

Thomas  D.  Eliot New  Bedford. 

Daniel  W.  Gooch Melrose. 


.Natick. 


Alexander  H.  Rice Boston. 

Eli  Thayer.   Worcester. 

Charles  R.  Train Framingham. 


MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Kinsley  S.  Bingham Kensington.  |  Zachariah  Chandler Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  Waldron Hillsdale. 


George  B.  Cooper  * Jackson. 

William  A.  Howard  2 Detroit. 


Francis  W.  Kellogg.  Grand  Rapids. 
DeWitt  C.  Leach Lansing. 


1  Election  successfully  contested  by  William  A.  Howard.       !  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  B.  Cooper;  took  his 

Beat  May  15, 1860. 

MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Rice St.  Paul.  |  Morton  S.  Wilkinson Mankato. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Cyrus  Aldrich Minneapolis.  |  William  Windom Winona. 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Albert  G.  Brown  * Terry.  |  Jefferson  Davis  *. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Barksdale2 Columbus. 

Reuben  Davis  2 Aberdeen. 


Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar2 Abbeville. 

John  J.  McRae  2 State  Line. 


1  Seats  declared  vacant  March  14, 1861. 


Otho  R.  Singleton  2. . . 
2  Retired  from  the  house  Jan.  12, 1861. 


. .  .Hurricane. 
Canton. 


James  S.  Green 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 
.Canton.  |  Trusten  Polk. 


.St.  Louis. 


Thomas  L.  Anderson Palmyra. 

James  R.  Barrett1 St.  Louis. 

Francis  P.  Blair  2 St.  Louis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Clark Fayette. 

James  Craig St.  Joseph. 

John  W.  Noell Perryville. 


John  S.  Phelps Springfield. 

Samuel  H.  Woodson.Independence. 


1  Election  successfully  contested  by  Francis  P.  Blair;  subsequently  elected  on  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Blair,  and  took  his  seat 
Dec.  3, 1860.       *  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  R.  Barrett;  took  his  seat  June  8, 1860 ;  resigned  in  1860. 


THE  THIETY-SEKTH   CONGRESS. 


153 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Daniel  Clark Manchester.  |  John  P.  Hale Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Thomas  M.  Edwards Keene.  |  Oilman  Marston Exeter.  |  Mason  W.  Tappan Bradford. 

NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

JohnC.  Ten  Eyck Mount  Holly.  |  John  R.  Thomson. Princeton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Garnett  B.  Adrain .  New  Brunswick.  I  William  Pennington  1 Newark.  I  John  L.  N.  Stratton .  .Mount  Holly. 

John  T.  Nixon Bridgeton.  |  Jetur  R.  Riggs Paterson.  | 

i  Elected  speaker  Feb.  1, 1860. 


Preston  King. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.Ogdensburg.  |  William  H.  Seward. 


.Auburn. 


Thomas  J.  Barr New  York. 

Charles  L.  Beale Kinderhook. 

George  Briggs New  York. 

Silas  M.  Burroughs  * Medina. 

Martin  Butterfiekl Palmyra. 

Luther  C.  Carter Flushing. 

Horace  F.  Clark New  York. 

Clark  B.  Cochrane Schenectady. 

John  Cochrane New  York. 

Roscoe  Conkling IJtica. 

R.  Holland  Duell.Courtland  Village. 
Alfred  Ely Rochester. 

i  Died  June  3, 1860. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Reuben  E.  Fenton Frewsburg. 

Augustus  Frank Warsaw. 

James  H.  Graham Delhi. 

John  B.  Haskin Fordham. 

Charles  B.  Hoard Watertown. 

James  Humphrey Brooklyn. 

William  Irvine Corning. 

William  S.  Kenyon Kingston. 

M.  Lindley  Lee Fulton. 

William  B.  Maclay New  York. 

James  B.  McKean Saratoga. 

Abram  B.  Olin Troy. 


George  W.  Palmer Plattsburg. 

Emory  B.  Pottle Naples. 

Edwin  R.  Reynolds  2 Albion. 

John  H.  Reynolds Albany. 

Charles  B.  Sedgwick. .....  Syracuse. 

Daniel  E.  Sickles  s New  York. 

Elbridge  G.  Spaulding Buffalo. 

Francis  E.  Spinner Mohawk. 

Chas.  H.  YanWyck.Bloomingburg. 
Alfred  Wells Ithaca. 


Elected  in  place  of  Silas  M.  Burroughs,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1860.       »  Election  unsuccess 
fully  contested  by  Amor  J.  Williamson. 


Thomas  Bragg. 


Lawrence  O'B.  Branch  . . .  .Raleigh. 

Burton  Craige Salisbury. 

John  A.  Gilmer. . .  .Greensborough. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

Raleigh.  |  Thomas  L.  Clingman Asheville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  M.  Leach Lexington. 

Thomas  Ruffin Goldsborough. 

Win.  N.  H.  Smith... Murfreesboro'. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance Asheville. 

Warren  Winslow Fayetteville. 


George  E.  Pugh. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.Cincinnati.  |  Benjamin  F.  Wade. 


.Jefferson. 


William  Allen Lima. 

James  M.  Ashley Toledo. 

John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Harrison  G.  Blake Medina. 

John  Carey Wyandotte. 

Thomas  Corwin Lebanon. 

Samuel  S.  Cox Columbus. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Sidney  Edgerton Tallmadge. 

John  A.  Gurley Cincinnati. 

William  Helmick New  Phila. 

William  Howard Batavia. 

John  Hutchins Warren. 

Charles  D.  Martin Lancaster. 

George  H.  Pendleton. . .  .Cincinnati. 


John  Sherman Mansfield. 

Benjamin  Stanton... .Belief on taine. 

Thomas  C.  Theaker Bridgeport. 

C.  B.  Tompkins  ...McConnellsville. 

Carey  A.  Trimble Chillicothe. 

Clement  L.  Vallandigham.  .Dayton. 
Edward  Wade Cleveland. 


Edward  D.  Baker1. 
Lansing  Stout 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

.Oregon  City.  |  Joseph  Lane. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 


.Winchester. 


.Portland. 


Took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1860. 


154 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


"William  Bigler , 


Elijah  Babbitt Erie. 

Samuel  S.  Blair Holidaysburg. 

James  II.  Campbell Pottsville. 

John  Covode Lockport. 

William  H.  Dimmick. .  .Honesdale. 
Thomas  B.  Florence.  .Philadelphia. 

Gahisha  A.  Grow Glemvood. 

James  T.  Hale Belief onte. 

Chapin  Hall Warren. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

Clearfield.  |  Simon  Cameron . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Hickman West  Chester. 

Benj.  F.  Junkui. .  .New  Bloomfield. 

John  W.  Killinger Lebanon. 

Henry  C.  Longnecker. .  .AUentown. 

Jacob  K.  McKenty * Beading. 

Robert  McKnight Pittsburg. 

Edward  McPherson. . .  .Gettysburg. 
William  Millward ....  Philadelphia. 
William  Montgomery.. Washington. 


.Harrisburg. 


James  K.  Moorhead Pittsburg. 

Edward  Joy  Morris..  .Philadelphia. 

John  Schwartz  2 Heading. 

George  W.  Scranton Scranton. 

Thaddeus  Stevens Lancaster. 

William  Stewart Mercer. 

John  P.  Verree Philadelphia. 

John  Wood Philadelphia. 


Elected  in  place  of  John  Schwartz,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1860.       2  Died  June  20, 1860. 


KHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  B.  Anthony Providence.  |  James  F.  Simmons. . . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  D.  Bray  ton Warwick.  |  Christopher  Robinson. 


.Providence. 


.Woonsocket. 


James  Chestnut. 


SOUTH   CAKOLINA. 

SENATORS. 
...Camden.  I  James  H.  Hammond, 


.Beech  Island. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  D.  Ashmore l Anderson.  I  William  W.  Boyce  * Winnsboro*.  I  John  McQueen  1 . .  .Marlboro'  C.  H. 

MilledgeL.  Bonham1....Edgeneld.  |  L.  M.  Keitt Orangeburg  C.  H.  |  W.  Porcher  Miles Charleston. 

*  Retired  from  the  house  Dec.  21, 1860. 


Andrew  Johnson 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
.Greeneville.  |  Alfred  O.  P.  Nicholson. 


.Columbia. 


William  T.  Avery Memphis. 

Reese  B.  Brabson Chattanooga. 

Emerson  Etheridge Dresden. 

Robert  Hatton Lebanon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Horace  Maynard Knoxrille. 

Thomas  A.  11.  Nelson..  .Joiiesboro'. 

James  M.  Quarles Clarksville. 

William  B.  Stokes Alexandria. 


James  H.  Thomas 
John  V.  Wright... 


.Columbia. 
....Purdy. 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

John  Hemphill Austin.  I  Louis  T.  Wigfall  * Marshall. 

Matthias  Ward Jefferson.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Andrew  J.  Hamilton Austin.  |  John  H.  Reagan Palestine. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  J.  Pinckney  Henderson,  deceased,  Matthias  "Ward  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat 

Jan.  4,  I860. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  Collamer. Woodstock.  |  Solomon  Foot  * Rutland. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Justin  S.  Morrill Stratford.  |  Homer  E.  Royce  . .  .East  Berkshire.  |  Ezekiel  P.  Walton Montpelier. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Feb.  1C,  1861. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
.Lloyd's.  |  James  M.  Mason Winchester. 


THE  THIRTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS.  155 


Thomas  S.  Bocock. . . .  Appomattox. 
Alexander  R.  Boteler.Charlestown. 

Slierrard  Clemens Wheeling. 

D.  C.  De  Jamette .  .Bowling  Green. 
Henry  A.  Edmundson Salem. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Muscoe  R.  H.  Garnett Loretto. 

John  T.  Harris Harrisonburg. 

Albert  G.  Jenkins..  .Green  Bottom. 
Shelton  F.  Leake. . .  Charlottesville. 
Elbert  S.  Martin Lee  C.  H. 


John  S.  Millson Norfolk. 

Roger  A.  Pryor  * Petersburg. 

William  Smith Warrenton. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  William  O.  Goode,  deceased  July  3, 1859;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1859. 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

James  R.  Doolittle Racine.  |  Charles  Durkee Kenosha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Charles  H.  Larrabee Horicon.  |  John  F.  Potter Ea*  Troy.  |  C.  C.  Washburn La  Crosse. 

KANSAS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Marcus  J.  Parrott Leavenworth  City. 

NEBRASKA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 
Samuel  G.  Daily 1 Peru,  j  Experience  Estabrook  2 Omaha. 

1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Experience  Estabrook ;  took  his  seat  May  18,  I860.       *  Election  successfully  contested 

by  Samuel  G.  Daily. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
Miguel  A.  Otero Albuquerque. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  H.  Hooper Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Isaac  I.  Stevens .' Olympia. 


THE  THIETY-SEVENTH  CONGKESS, 


First  Session,  from  July  4,  1861,  to  Aug.  G,  1861.      Second  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1861,  to  July  17,  1862. 
Third  Session,  from  Dec.  1, 1862,  to  March  3,  1863. 


Vice-President.— HANNIBAL  HAMLIN  of  Maine.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  SOLOMON  FOOT  of 
Vermont,  elected  July  18,  1861 ;  again  elected  Jan.  15,  1862 ;  again  elected  March  31,  1862 ;  again  elected 
June  19, 1862 ;  and  again  elected  Feb.  18,  1863.  Secretaries  of  the  Senate.  — ASBUBY  DICKENS  of  North  Carolina ; 
JOHN  W.  FOBNEY  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  July  15,  1861. 

Speaker  of  the  House.—  GALUSHA  A.  GBOW  of  Pennsylvania.  Clerk  of  the  House. - EMBBSON ETHEBHXJB 
of  Tennessee. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


156  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant. ) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

Milton  S.  Latham Sacramento.  |  James  A.  McDougall San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frederick  F.  Low1.  .San  Francisco.  |  Timothy  G.  Phelps San  Mateo.  |  Aaron  A.  Sargent Nevada. 

*  Took  his  seat  June  3, 1862. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

James  Dixon Hartford.  |  Lafayette  S.  Foster Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  A.  Burnham "Windham.  I  Dwight  Loomis Rockville. 

James  E.  English. New  Haven.  |  George  C.  Woodruff Litchfield. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
James  A.  Bayard .Wilmington.  |  Willard  Saulsbury Georgetown. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  P.  Fisher Dover. 

FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant. ) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Browning  * Quincy.  I  William  A.  Richardson8 Quincy. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas  2 Chicago.  |  Lyman  Trumlmll Alton. 


William  J.  Allen  4 Marion. 

Isaac  N.  Arnold Chicago. 

Philip  B.  Fonke Belleville. 

Anthony  L.  Kiiapp5  . . .  Jersey  ville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Kellogg Canton. 

John  A.  Logan  a Benton. 

Owen  Lovejoy Princeton. 

John  A.  McClernand7. .  Springfield. 


William  A.  Richardson8..  ..Quincy. 

James  C.  Robinson Marshall. 

Ellihu  B.  Washburne Galena. 


1  Appointed  in  place  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  deceased;  took  his  seat  July  4,  1861.  2  Died  Juno  3,  1861.  s  Elected 
senator  in  place  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas.  deceased?  Orvillo  H.  Browning  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  30, 
18G3.  *  Elected  in  place  of  John  A.  Logan,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  June  2, 1802.  *  Elected  in  place  of  John  A.  McClernand, 
resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  12, 1861.  «  Resigned  in  1861.  1  Resigned  in  1861. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Jesse  D.  Bright l Jefferson  ville.  I  David  Turpie  2 Indianapolis. 

Henry  S.  Lane Crawfordsville.  |  Joseph  A.  Wright 8 Indianapolis. 

1  Expelled  Feb.  5, 1862.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Jesse  D.  Bright,  expelled,  Joseph  A.  Wright  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ; 
took  Ids  seat  Jan.  22, 18C3.       8  Appointed  in  place  of  Jesse  D.  Bright,  expelled;  took  his  seat  March  3,  1862. 


THE  THIRTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


157 


Schuyler  Colfax South  Bend. 

James  A.  Cravens. . .  .Hardiusburg. 

W.  McKee  Dunn Madison. 

"William  S.  Holman Aurora. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Julian Centre ville. 

John  Law Evansville. 

William  Mitchell Kendallville. 

Albert  G.  Porter Indianapolis. 


John  P.  C.  Shanks Jay  C.  H. 

Daniel  W.  Voorhees  .  .Terre'Haute 
Albert  S.  White Stockwell. 


IOWA. 
SENATORS. 
James  W.  Grimes Burlington.  |  James  Harlan. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Mt.  Pleasant. 


Samuel  R.  Curtis  1 Keokuk. 

William  Vandever2 Dubuque. 


James  F.  Wilson  8 Fairfield. 


»  Resigned  Aug.  4,  1861.       »  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Le  Grand  Byington.       »  Elected  In  place  of  Samuel  R. 

Curtis,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1861. 

KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
James  H.  Lane  * Lawrence.  |  Samuel  C.  Pomeroy Atchison. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Martin  F.  Con  way Lawrence. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Frederick  P.  Stanton. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

John  C.  Breckinridge l Lexington.    Lazarus  W.  Powell. 

Garrett  Davis  2 Paris. 


.Henderson. 


Henry  C.  Burnett 8 Cadi/,. 

Samuel  L.  Casey  4 Caseyville. 

John  J.  Crittenden Frankfort. 

George  W.  Dunlap Lancaster. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  Grider Bowling  Green. 

Aaron  Harding Greensburg. 

James  S.  Jackson6. .  .Ilopkinsville. 
Robert  Mallory La  Grange. 


John  W.  Menzies Covington. 

William  H.  Wadsworth  .  Maysville. 
Charles  A.  Wickliffe  . . .  Bardstown. 
Geo.  H.  Yeaman6..Owensborough. 


i  Expelled  Dec.  4, 1861.  2  Elected  in  place  of  John  0.  Breckinridge,  expelled;  took  his  seat  Dec.  23.  1861.  8  Expelled 
Dec.  3,  1861.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  C.  Burnett,  expelled;  took  his  seat  March  10,  1862.  «  Died  in  1862.  •  Elected 
in  place  of  James  S.  Jackson,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1862. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant. ) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

|  Michael  Hahn2 

Took  his  seat  Feb.  23, 1863.       *  Took  his  seat  Feb.  IT,  1863. 


Benjamin  F.  Flanders1. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden . 


Snmnel  C.  Fessenden Rockland. 

Thomas  A.  D.  Fessenden  !.  Auburn. 
John  N.  Goodwin .  .South  Berwick. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Portland.  |  Lot  M.  Merrill . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Anson  P.  Merrill Readneld. 

Frederick  A.  Pike Calais. 

John  H.  Rice Foxcroft. 


.Augusta. 


Charles  W.  Walton  2 Auburn. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  W.  Walton,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1862.        *  Resigned  May  26, 1862. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Thomas  H.  Hicks*..  ...Cambridge.  I  James  A.  Pearce2 Chestertown. 


Anthony  Kennedy Ellicott's  Mills. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  B.  Calvert. . .  .Bladensburg.  I  Cornelius  L.  L.  Leary. .  ..Baltimore.  I  Francis  Thomas Frankville. 

John  W.  Crislield. . .  Princess  Anne.  |  Henry  May Baltimore.  |  Edwin  H.  Webster lielair. 

i  Appointed  in  place  of  James  A.  Pearce,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  14, 1863.       *  Died  Dec.  20, 1862. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
Charles  Summer ...  Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson Natick, 


158 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Charles  Delano Northampton. 


Thomas  D.  Eliot New  Bedford. 

Daniel  W.  Gooch Melrose. 

Samuel  Hooper  3 Boston. 

Alexander  H.  Rice Boston. 


Benjamin  F.  Thomas Boston. 


Charles  II.  Train Framingham. 

Amasa  Walker  *.  North  Brooklield. 


John  B.  Alley Lynn. 

William  Appleton  1 Boston. 

Goldsmith  F.  Bailey2  . .  .Fitehburg. 

James  Buffinton Fall  River. 

Henry  L.  Dawes North  Adams. 

i  Resigned  in  1861.        *  Died  May  8.  1802.       »  Elected  in  place  of  William  Appleton,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2  1861 
*  Elected  in  place  of  Goldsmith  F.  Bailey,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1862. 


MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Kinsley  S.  Bingham  * Oak  Grove.    Jacob  M.  Howard  2. 

Zachariah  Chandler Detroit. 


.Detroit. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Fernando  C.  Beaman Adrian.  I  Francis  W.  Kellogg Grand  Rapids. 

Bradley  F.  Granger Ann  Arbor.  |  Rowland  E.  Trowbridge Birmingham. 

1  Died  Oct.  5, 1861.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Kinsley  S.  Bingham,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  IT,  1862. 

MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Rice , St.  Paul.  |  Morton  S.  Wilkinson Mankato. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Cyrus  Aldrich Minneapolis.  |  William  Windom Winona. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 
John  B.  Henderson l Louisiana.    Trusten  Polk  2 , 


Waldo  Porter  Johnson  2 Osceola. 


Robert  Wilson8. 


St.  Louis. 

St.  Joseph. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jun.4 St.  Lonis. 

William  A.  Hall 5. Huntsville. 

John  W.  Noell Perry ville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elijah  H.  Norton Platte  City. 

John  S.  Phelps Springfield. 

Thomas  L.  Price  °. .  .Jefferson  City. 


John  W.  Reid? 

James  S.  Rollins Columbia. 


1  Appointed  in  place  of  Trusten  Polk,  expelled;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29,  1862.        2  Expelled  Jan.  10,  1862.       s  Appointed  in 
place  of  Waldo  Porter  Johnson,  expelled ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  24,  1862.       «  Resigned  in  1S62.       B  Elected  in  place  of  John  B. 

8  Elected  in  place  of  John  W.  Reid,  expelled;  took  his  seat 


Clark,  expelled  July  13.   18(51;  took  his  seat  Jan.  20,  1862. 
Jan.  21, 1862.       '  Expelled  Dec.  2, 1861. 


Daniel  Clark 

Thomas  M.  Edwards. . . 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Manchester.  |  John  P.  Hale Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
. . .  .Keene.  |  Gilman  Marston Exeter.  |  Edward  H.  Rollins Concord. 


NEW  JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

John  C.  Ten  Eyck Mount  Holly.     John  R.  Thomson 2 Princeton. 

Richard  S.  Field l Princeton.     James  W.  Wall 3 Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Goorgo  T.  Cobb Morristown.  I  Nehemiah  Perry Newark. 

John  T.  Nixon Hridgeton.  |  William  G.  Steele Somerville. 


John  L.  N.  Stratton.  .Mount  Holly. 


Appointed  in  place  of  John  R.  Thomson,  deceased;  took  his  scat  Dec.  1, 1862.       *  Died  Sept.  12,  18G2.        »  Elected  in  place 
of  John  It.  Thomson,  deceased,  Richard  S.  Field  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.;  took  his  seat  Jan.  21, 1863. 


THE  THIRTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


159 


Ira  Harris. 


NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.Albany.  |  Preston  King. 


Stephen  Baker Poughkeepsie. 

J.  P.  Chamberlain Seneca  Falls. 

Ambrose  W.  Clark Watertown. 

Frederick  A.  Conkling.  .New  York. 

Roscoe  Conkling Utica. 

Erastus  Corning Albany. 

Isaac  C.  Delaplaine New  York. 

Alexander  S.  Diven Elmira. 

R.  Holland  Duell Courtland. 

Alfred  Ely Rochester. 

Eeuben  E.  Teuton Frewsburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

j  Richard  Franchot Schenectady 

I  Augustus  Frank Warsaw 

Edward  Haight West  Chester. 

James  E.  Kerrigan New  York 

William  E.  Lansing. .  .Chittenango. 

Jas.  B.  McKean .  .Saratoga  Springs. 

Moses  F.  Odell Brooklyn. 

Abraham  B.  Olin Troy. 

Theodore  M.  Pomeroy Auburn 

Charles  B.  Sedgwick Syracuse. 

Socrates  N.  Sherman  .  .Ogdensburg. 


•  Ogdensburg. 


Edward  H.  Smith Smithtown. 

Elb ridge  G.  Spaulding Buffalo 

John  B.  Steele Kingston. 

Burt  Van  Horn Newfane. 

Robt.  B.  Van  Valkenburgh  . .  .Bath 
Chas.  H.  Van  Wyck.Bloomingburg. 

Chauncey  Vibbard Schenectady 

William  Wall Brooklyn 

Elijah  Ward New  York. 

William  A.  Wheeler Malone. 

Benjamin  Wood New  York. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

EEPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

Salmon  P.  Chase  - Cincinnati.  I  Benjamin  F.  Wade . 

John  Sherman  2 Mansfield. 


.Jefferson. 


William  Allen Greenville. 

James  M.  Ashley Toledo. 

John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Harrison  G.  Blake Medina. 

Samuel  S.  Cox Columbus. 

William  P.  Cutler Constitution. 

Sidney  Edgerton Tallmadge. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  A.  Gurley Cincinnati. 

Richard  A.  Harrison London. 

Valentine  B.  Horton Pomeroy. 

John  Hutchins Warren. 

James  R.  Morris Woodstield. 

Warren  P.  Noble Tiffin. 

Robt.  II.  Nugeu.New  Comerstown. 


George  H.  Pendleton Cincinnati. 

Albert  G.  Riddle Cleveland. 

Samuel  Shellabarger Springfield. 

Carey  A.  Trimble Chillicotlie. 

Clement  L.  Vallandigham.  .Dayton. 

Chilton  A.  White Georgetown. 

Samuel  T.  Worcester Norwalk. 


1  Resigned  March  C,  1SG1.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Salmon  P.  Chase,  resigned;  took  his  seat  March  23, 1SG1. 

OREGON. 
SENATORS. 


Edward  D.  Baker  * 

Benjamin  F.  Harding2 Salem. 


James  W.  Nesmith Salem. 

Benjamin  Stark  s Portland. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
George  K.  Shiel Salem. 

1  Died  Oct.  21, 1861.        2  Elected  in  place  of  Edward  D.  Baker,  deceased.  Benjamin  Stark  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took 
liis  seat  Dec.  1, 1802.       z  Appointed  in  place  of  Edward  D.  Baker,  deceased;  took  liis  seat  Feb.  27, 18<J2. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 


Simon  Cameron  * 

Edgar  Cowan Greensburg. 


David  Wilmot2 Towanda. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Sydenham  E.  Ancona Reading. 

Elijah  Babbitt Erie. 

Joseph  Baily Newport. 

Charles  J.  Bid.lle3. . .  .Philadelphia. 

Samuel  R.  Blair Hollidaysburg. 

James  H.  Campbell Poi.tsville. 

Thomas  B.  Cooper4..  .Coopersburg. 

John  Covode Lockport  Station. 

William  Morris  Davis..  .Milestown. 


Galusha  A.  Grow  5 

James  T.  Hale Belief onte. 

John  Hickman West  Chester. 

Philip  Johnson Easton. 

William  I).  Kclley Philadelphia. 

John  W.  Killinger Lebanon. 

Jesse  Lazear \Vaynesburg. 

Win.  E.  Lehman  ° Philadelphia. 

Robert  McKnight Pittsburg. 


Edward  McPherson . . .  .Gettysburg. 

James  K.  Moorhead Pittsburg. 

John  Patton Cunvinsville. 

Thaddeus  Stevens Lancaster. 

John  D.  Stiles 7 Allentown. 

John  P.  Vcrreo  8 Philadelphia. 

John  W.  Wallace Newcastle. 

Hendrick  B.  Wright .  .Wilkesbarre. 


1  Resigned  March,  1801.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Simon  Cameron,  resigned;  took  liia  seat  March  18,  1801.  3  Elected  In 
place  of  K.  Joy  Morris,  resigned.  4  Died  April  4,  1302.  °  Elected  speaker  July  4.  1801.  °  Election  unsuccessfully  con 
tested  by  John  M.  Butler.  '  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  B.  Cooper,  deceased;  took  his  seat  June  3, 18C2.  •  Election  unsuc 
cessfully  contested  by  John  Kline. 


160  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony  .,,..... Providence.  I  James  F.  Simmons  2 Providence. 

Samuel  G.  Arnold  * | 

REPEESENTATIVES. 

George  H.  Browne Providence.  |  William  P.  Sheffield Newport. 

i  Elected  in  place  of  James  F.  Simmons,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1862.       a  Resigned  in  1862. 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATOES. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

TENNESSEE. 
SENATOES. 

Andrew  Johnson Greeneville.  |  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Bridges l |  Andrew  J.  Clements  2 . .  .Lafayette.  |  Horace  Maynard Knoxville. 

*  Took  his  seat  Feb.  25, 1863.       2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  13, 1862. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Jacob  Collamer "Woodstock.  |  Solomon  Foot J Rutland. 

EEPEESENTATIVES. 

Portus  Baxter. Derby  Line.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Stratford.  |  Ezekiel  P.  "Walton Montpelier. 

*  Elected  president  pro  tern.  July  18, 1861. 

VIRGINIA. 
SENATOES. 

John  S.  Carlile  1 "Wheeling.  |  Waiteman  T.  Willey  2 Morgantown. 

REPEESENTATIVES. 
Jacob  B.  Blair3 Parkersburg.  I  John  S.  Carlile  1 "Wheeling.    Charles  H.  Upton5. .  .Falls  Church. 


William  G.  Brown Kingwoou.  |  Joseph  E.  Segar 4. .  .Elizabeth  City. 


Killian  V.  Whaley Ceredo. 


1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  E.  M.  T.  Hunter,  withdrawn ;  took  his  seat  July  13,  1861.  2  Elected  in  place  of  J.  M.  Mason, 
withdrawn;  took  his  seat  July  13, 1861.  *  Elected  in  place  of  John  S.  Carlile,  resigned;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  2, 1861.  *  Took 
his  seat  May  6,  1862.  »  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  S.  F.  Beach. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATOES. 

James  R.  Doolittle Racine.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Luther  Hanchett 1 Plover. 

Walter  D.  Mclndoe  2 Warsaw. 


John  F.  Potter East  Troy. 

A.  Scott  Sloan Beaver  Dam. 


1  Died  Nov.  24, 1862.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Luther  Hanchett,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jan.  26, 1863. 
COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Hiram  P.  Bennett ...  .Denver. 


THE  THIRTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS.  161 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
JohnB.  S.  Todd Fort  Randall 

NEBRASKA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Samuel  G.  Daily 1 Peru. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  Sterling  Morton. 

NEVADA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
John  Cradlebaugh Carson  City. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
JohnS.  Watts Santa  Fe\ 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
JohnM.  Bernhisel Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  H.  Wallace Steilacoom. 


THE   THIKTY-EIGHTH  CONGBESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1863,  to  July  4,  1864.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1864,  to  March  3,  1865. 


t.  — HANNIBAL  HAMLIN  of  Maine.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.—  SOLOMON  FOOT  of 
Vermont,  elected  March  4, 1863,  in  special  session,  again  elected  Dec.  18, 1863,  again  elected  Feb.  23, 1864,  again 
elected  March  11,  1864,  and  again  elected  April  11,  1864;  DANIEL  CLAKK  of  New  Hampshire,  elected  April  26, 
1864,  and  again  elected  Feb.  9, 1865.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  JOHN  W.  FOKNEY  of  Pennsylvania. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  SCHUYLEB  COLFAX  of  Indiana.     Clerks  of  the  House.  —  EMEBSON  ETHEBIDGE  of 
Tennessee;  EDWABD  MCPHEBSON  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  Dec.  8, 1863. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

EEPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

BEPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


162 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


CALIFORNIA. 

SENATOES. 

John  Connesa Sacramento.  |  James  A.  McDougall San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Cornelius  Cole Santa  Cruz.  |  "William  Higby Calaveras.  |  Thomas  B.  Shannon Quincy. 


CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

James  Dixon Hartford.  |  Lafayette  S.  Foster Norwich; 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Augustus  Brandegee New  London. 

Henry  C.  Deming Hartford. 


James  E.  English New  Haven. 

John  H.  Hubbard Litchneld. 


James  A.  Bayard  * 
George  Read  Riddle  2 


DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 

.Wilmington.  I  Willard  Saulsbury Georgetown. 

.Wilmington.  | 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


Nathan  B.  Smithers 

1  Resigned  Jan.  30,  1864. 


Elected  in  place  of  James  A.  Bayard,  resigned  ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  2,  1864. 

FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


Dover. 


William  A.  Richardson 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
.Quincy.  |  Lyman  Trumbull. . 


.Alton. 


James  C.  Allen Palestine. 

William  J.  Allen Marion. 

Isaac  N.  Arnold Chicago. 

John  R.  Eden Sullivan. 

John  F.  Farnsworth. . .  .St.  Charles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  M.  Harris Aquawka. 

Ebon  C.  Ingersoll l Peoria. 

Anthony  L.  Knapp Jersey  ville. 

Owen  Love  joy  2 Princeton. 

William  R.. Morrison Waterloo. 


Jesse  O.  Norton Joliet. 

James  C.  Robinson Marshall. 

Lewis  W.  Ross Lewisto\vn. 

John  T.  Stuart Springfield. 

Ellihu  B.  Washburne Galena. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Owen  Lovejoy,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  May  20, 1864.       *  Died  March  25, 1864. 


Thomas  A.  Hendricks . 


Schuyler  Coif  ax 1 South  Bend. 

James  A.  Cravens. . .  .Hardinsburg. 
Ebenezer  Dumont. . .  .Indianapolis. 
Joseph  K.  Edgerton  .  .Fort  Wayne. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

. . .  .Indianapolis.  |  Henry  S.  Lane  . . 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  W.  Harrington Madison. 

William  S.  Holm  an Aurora. 

George  W.  Julian Centreville. 

John  Law Evansville. 

1  Elected  speaker  Dec.  7, 1863. 


.  Crawf  ordsville. 


James  F.  McDowell Marion. 

Godlove  S.  Orth Lafayette. 

Daniel  W.  Voorhees  .  .Terre  Haute. 


James  W.  Grimes , 


.Mt.  Pleasant. 


William  B.  Allison 

Josiah  B.  Grinnell1 


IOWA. 
SENATORS. 
Burlington.  |  James  Harlan 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

.Dubuque.  I  Asahel  W.  Hubbard. . . .  Sioux  City.  I  Hiram  Price Davenport. 

.  .Grinnell.  |  John  A.  Kasson Des  Moines.  |  James  F.  Wilson Fairneld. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Hugh  M.  Martin. 


THE  THIRTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS.  163 

KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  H.  Lane Lawrence.  |  Samuel  C.  Pomeroy Atchison. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 
A.  Carter  Wilder Leavenworth. 

KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

Garrett  Davis Paris.  |  Lazarus  W.  Powell Henderson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucien  Anderson Mayfleld. 

Brutus  J.  Clay .'Paris. 

Henry  Grider Bowling  Green. 


Aaron  Harding Greensburg. 

Robert  Mallory La  Grange. 

William  H.  Randall London. 


Green  Clay  Smith Covington. 

William  H.  Wadsworth.Maysville. 
Geo.  H.  Yeaman1..Owensborough. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  H.  McHenry. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

Nathan  A.  FarwelH Rockland.  I  Lot  M.  Morrill ,  ..Augusta 

William  Pitt  Fessenden  2 Portland. 


James  G.  Elaine Augusta. 

Sidney  Perham Paris. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frederick  A.  Pike Calais.  I  Lorenzo  D.  M.  Sweat Portland. 

John  H.  Rice Foxcroft. 


1  Appointed  in  place  of  William  Pitt  Fessenden,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1864.       »  Resigned  in  1864. 

MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Hicks1 Cambridge.  |  Reverdy  Johnson Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  A.  J.  Creswell Elkton.  I  Benjamin  G.  Harris  .  Leonardtown.  I  Edwin  H.  Webster Belair. 

Henry  Winter  Davis Baltimore.  |  Francis  Thomas Frankville.  | 

1  Died  Feb.  13, 1865. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Charles  Surnner Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson Natick. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Alley Lynn. 

Oakes  Ames North  Easton. 

John  D.  Baldwin Worcester. 

George  S.  Bout  welt Groton. 


Henry  L.  Dawes Pittsfield. 

Thomas  D.  Eliot New  Bedford. 

Daniel  W.  Gooch Mclrose. 

Samuel  Hooper Boston. 


Alexander  H.  Rice Boston. 

William  B.  Washburn .  .Greenfield. 


MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Zachariah  Chandler , , , Detroit.  |  Jacob  M.  Howard Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Augustus  C.  Baldwin Pontiac.  I  John  F.  Driggs East  Saginaw.  I  John  W.  Longyear Lansing. 

Fernando  C.  Beaman Adrian.  |  Francis  W.  Kellogg . Grand  Rapids.  |  Charles  Upson Coldwater. 

MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

Alexander  Ramsey St.  Paul.  |  Morton  S.  Wilkinson Mankato. 

I  REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ignatius  Donnelly Nininger.  |  William  Windom Winona. 


164 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

MISSOUKL 
SENATORS. 

B.  Gratz  Brown1 ,,., St.  Louis.  I  Robert  Wilson 

John  B.  Henderson Louisiana. 


.St.  Joseph. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Austin  A.  King  3 Richmond. 

Samuel  Knox4 St.  Louis. 

Benjamin  Loan  5 St.  'Joseph. 

Joseph  W.  McClurgS. .  .Linn  Creek. 


James  S.  Rollins Columbia. 

John  Gr.  Scott 7 Irondale. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jun.2. . .  .St.  Louis. 

Henry  T.  Blow St.  Louis. 

Sempronius  H.  Boyd  ..  .Springfield. 
William  A.  Hall Huntsville. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Waldo  Porter  Johnson,  expelled  in  18G2,  Robert  Wilson  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat 
Dec.  14, 1863.  2  Election  successfully  contested  by  Samuel  Knox.  8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  H.  Birch. 
*  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Francis  P.  Blair,  jun. :  took  his  seat  June  15, 18C4.  B  Election  unsuccessfully  contested 
by  John  P.  Bruce.  v  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  L.  Price.  1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by 
James  Lindsay. 

NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nye  * Carson  City.  |  William  M.  Stewart  1 Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Henry  G.  Worthington  2 Austin. 

i  Took  his  seat  Feb.  1, 1865.       2  Took  his  seat  Dec.  21, 1864. 

NEW  HAMPSHIKE. 
SENATORS. 

Daniel  Clark  * Manchester.  |  John  P.  Hale Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Marcy Portsmouth.  |  James  W.  Patterson Hanover.  |  Edward  H.  Rollins Concord. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  April  26, 1864,  and  Feb.  9, 1865. 

NEW    JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
John  C.  Ten  Eyck Mount  Holly.  |  William  Wright Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Middleton Allentown.  I  Andrew  J.  Rogers Newton.  I  William  G.  Steele Somerville. 

Nehemiah  Perry Newark.  |  John  F.  Starr Camden.  | 

NEW    YORK. 
SENATORS. 

Ira  Harris Albany.  |  Edward  D.  Morgan New  York. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Brooks New  York.  Calvin  T.  Hulburd. .  .Brasher  Falls.    John  V.  L.  Pruyn Albany. 

John  W.  Chanler New  York.  Martin  Kalbileisch Brooklyn.    William  Radford Yonkers. 

Ambrose  W.  Clark Watertown.  Orlando  Kellogg Elizabethtown.  Henry  G.  Stebbins,2 

Freeman  Clarke Rochester.  Franbis  Kernari Utica.  New  Brighton,  S.I. 

Thomas  T.  Davis Syracuse.  DeWitt  C.  Littlejohn Oswego.    John  B.  Steele Kingston. 

Reuben  E.  Fenton  1 Frewslmrg.  James  M.  Marvin .  Saratoga  Springs.    Dwight  Townsend  3 Clifton,  S.  I. 

Augustus  Frank Warsaw.  Samuel  F.  Miller Franklin.  Robt.  B.  Van  Valkenburgh . . .  Bath. 

John  Ganson  Buffalo.  Daniel  Morris Penn  Yan.    Elijah  Ward New  York. 

John  A.  Griswold Troy.  Homer  A.  Nelson Poughkeepsie.    Charles  H.  Winiield Goshen. 

Anson  Herri ck New  York.  Moses  F.  Odell Brooklyn.    Benjamin  Wood New  York. 

Giles  W.  Hotchkiss . . .  Binghamton.  Theodore  M.  Pomeroy Auburn.    Fernando  Wood New  York. 

1  Resigned  Dec.  10, 1864.       a  Resigned  in  1864.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  G.  Stebbins,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1864. 

NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant. ) 

REPRESENTATFV  ES. 
(Vacant.) 


THE  THIRTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 


165 


John  Sherman . 


James  M.  Ashley Toledo. 

George  Bliss Wooster. 

Samuel  S.  Cox Columbus. 

Ephraim  R.  Eckley Carrollton. 

"William  E.  Finck Somerset. 

James  A.  Garfield Hiram. 

Wells  A.  Hutching  . . .  .Portsmouth. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

.Mansfield.  |  Benjamin  F.  Wade. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Jefferson. 


"William  Johnson Mansfield. 

Francis  C.  Le  Blond Celina. 

Alexander  Long Cincinnati. 

John  F.  McKmney Piqua. 

James  R.  Morris Woodsfield. 

Warren  P.  Noble Tiffin. 

John  O'Neill Zanesville. 


George  H.  Pendleton Cincinnati. 

Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 

Rufus  P.  Spalding Cleveland.- 

Chilton  A.  White Georgetown. 

Joseph  W.  White Cambridge. 


OEEGON. 

SENATORS. 

Benjamin  F.  Harding Salem.  |  James  W.  Nesmith .,,,., Salem. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  R.  McBride Lafayette. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
Charles  R.  Buckalew Bloomsburg.  |  Edgar  Cowan Greensburgh. 


Sydenham  E.  Ancona Reading. 

Joseph  Baily Newport. 

John  M.  Broomall Media. 

Alexander  H.  Coffroth  . . .  Somerset. 

John  L.  Dawson Brownsville. 

Charles  Denison Wilkesbarre. 

James  T.  Hale Belief onte. 

Philip  Johnson Easton. 

William  D.  Kelley. . .  .Philadelphia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jesse  Lazear Waynesburgh. 

Archibald  McAllister, 

Spriuglield  Furnace. 

William  H.  Miller Harrisburg. 

James  K.  Moorhead Pittsburg. 

Amos  Myers Clarion. 

Leonard  Myers l Philadelphia. 

Charles  O'Neill Philadelphia. 

Samuel  J.  Randall — Philadelphia. 


Glenni  W.  Scofield Warren. 

Thaddeus  Stevens Lancaster. 

John  D.  Stiles Alleutown. 

Myer  Strouse Pottsville. 

M.  RusseU  Thayer  2.  .Chestnut  Hill. 
Henry  W.  Tracy — Standing  Stone. 
Thomas  Williams Pittsburg. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Kline.       2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  C.  W.  Carrigan. 


Henry  B.  Anthony. 
Nathan  F.  Dixon. . . 


EHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
.Providence.  |  William  Sprague. . . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
...Westerly.  |  Thomas  A.  Jenckes. 


.Providence. 
.Providence. 


Jacob  Collamer. 
Portus  Baxter  . . 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 
(Vacant. ) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

EEPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Woodstock.  |  Solomon  Foot  i Rutland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

.Derby  Line.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford.  |  Fred.  E.  Woodbridge. .  .Vergennes. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  Feb.  23, 1864. 


166  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

Lemuel  J.  Bowden1 I  John  S.  Carlile Clarksburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

(Vacant. ) 
i  Died  Jan.  2, 1864. 

WEST   VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

Waitman  T.  Willey l Morgantown.  |  Peter  G.  Van  "Winkle l Parkersburgh. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  B.  Blair  J Parkersburgh.  |  William  G.  Brown l Kingwood.  |  Killian  V.  Whaley l .  .Pt.  Pleasant. 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1863. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 
James  R.  Doolittle Racine.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  S.  Brown Milwaukee.  I  Charles  A.  Eldridge.  .Fond  da  Lac.  I  Ithamar  C.  Sloan Janesville. 

Amasa  Cobb Mineral  Point.  |  Walter  D.  Mclndoe Warsaw.  |  Ezra  Wheeler Berlin. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Charles  D.  Poston Tubac. 

COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Hiram  P.  Bennett Denver. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 
William  Jayne  * I  John  B.  S.  Todd  2 Yankton. 

*  Election  successfully  contested  by  John  B.  S.  Todd.       *  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Jayne;  took  his  seat 

June  13,  1864. 

IDAHO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  H.  Wallace Lewiston. 

MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  McLean1 Bannack  City. 

1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  6, 1865. 

NEBRASKA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Samuel  G.  Daily Peru. 

NEVADA  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATES. 

Gordon  N.  Mott1 Carson  City.  |  Henry  G.  Worthington Austin. 

i  Took  his  seat  Jan.  11, 1864. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Francisco  Perea l • Bernalillo. 

i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  M.  Gallegos.  « 


THE  THIRTY-NINTH  CONGRESS.  167 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
JohnF.  Kenney Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
George  E.  Cole Walla  Walla. 


THE   THIETY-NINTH    CONGBESS, 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1865,  to  July  28,  1866.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1866,  to  March  3,  1867. 


Vice-President.1  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — LAFAYETTE  S.  FOSTER  of  Connecticut,  elected 
March  7, 1865,  in  special  session;  BENJAMIN  F.  WADE  of  Ohio,  elected  March  2, 1867.  Secretary  of  the  Senate. — 
JOHN  W.  FOKNET  of  Pennsylvania. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —  SCHUYLEK  COLI-AX  of  Indiana.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  EDWARD  MCPHERSOH  of 
Pennsylvania. 

1  Vice-President  Andrew  Johnson  became  President  by  the  death  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  April  15,  1866, 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant. ) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant. ) 

CALIFORNIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  Conness Sacramento.  |  James  A.  McDougalL San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  Bidwell Chico.  |  William  Higby Calaveras.  |  Donald  C.  McRuer.  .San  Francisco. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
James  Dixon Hartford.  |  Lafayette  S.  Foster  * Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Hubbard Litch field. 

Samuel  L.  Warner Middletown. 


Augustus  Brandegee New  London. 

Henry  C.  Deming Hartford. 


1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  7, 1865. 


168 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


George  Read  Riddle. 
John  A.  Nicholson. . 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

."Wilmington.  |  Willard  Saulsbury. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 


.Georgetown. 
Dover. 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
(Vacant. ) 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


Lyman  Trumbull. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
.Chicago.  |  Richard  Yates 


Jehu  Baker Belleville. 

Henry  P.  H.  Bromwell. .  Charleston. 

Burton  C.  Cook Ottawa. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom Springfield. 

John  F.  Farnsworth St.  Charles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Abner  C.  Harding Monraouth. 

Ebon  C.  Ingersoll Peoria. 

Andrew  J.  Knydendall  . . .  .Vienna. 
Sam'l  S.  MarshalLMcLeansborough. 
Samuel  W.  Moulton  . . .  Shelby  vifle. 


.Jacksonville. 


Lewis  W.  Ross Lewistown. 

Anthony  Thornton Shelby ville. 

Ellihu  B.  Washburne Galena. 

John  Wentworth Chicago. 


Thomas  A.  Hendricks 


Schuyler  Coif  ax  *. . . 
Joseph  H.  Def rees  . . 
Ebenezer  Dumont . . 
John  H.  Farquhar . . 

1  Elected  speaker  Dec.  4,  1865. 


...South  Bend. 

Gosh  en. 

.  .Indianapolis. 
...  .Brookville. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

. . .  .Indianapolis.  |  Henry  S.  Lane  . . 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ralph  Hill Columbus. 

George  W.  Julian Centreville. 

Michael  C.  Kerr New  Albany. 

William  E.  Niblack Vincennes. 


.  Crawf  ordsville. 


2  Election  successfully  contested  by  Henry  D.  "Washburn. 
election  of  Daniel  W.  Voorhees ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  23, 1866. 


Godlove  S.  Orth Lafayette. 

Thomas  N.  Stillwell Anderson. 

Daniel  W.  Voorhees2  .Terre  Haute. 
Henry  D.  Washburn  s Clinton. 

8  Successfully  contested  the 


James  W.  Grimes Burlington. 

James  Harlan l Mt.  Pleasant. 


IOWA. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  J.  Kirkwood2 Iowa  City. 


William  B.  Allison Dubuque. 

Josiah  B.  Grinnell Grinnell. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Asahel  W.  Hubbard Sioux  City. 

John  A.  Kasson Des  Moines. 


Hiram  Price Davenport. 

James  F.  Wilson Fairlield. 


Resigned  May  15, 1865;  having  been  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

took  his  seat  Jan.  24,  1866. 


s  Elected  in  place  of  James  Harlan,  resigned; 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  H.  Lane1 Lawrence.  I  Edmund  G.  Ross2 Lawrence. 

Stephen  C.  Pomeroy Atchison.  | 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Sidney  Clarke Lawrence. 

1  Died  July  11, 1866.       *  Appointed  in  place  of  James  H.  Lane,  deceased;  took  his  seat  July  25, 1866. 


Garrett  Davis 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.Paris.  |  James  Guthrie  , 


.Louisville. 


THE  THIRTY-NINTH  CONGRESS.  169 


Henry  Grider  * Bowling  Green. 

Aaron  Harding Greensburg. 

Elijah  llise'2 Russellville. 

Samuel  McKee Mount  Sterling. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Randall London. 

Burwell  C.  Hitter  . . .  .Hopkinsville. 
Lovell  H.  Rousseau3 . . .  .Louisville. 
George  S.  Shanklin  .  .Nicholasville. 


Green  Clay  Smith4 Covington. 

Lawrence  S.  Trimble Paducah. 

Andrew  H.  Ward5 Cynthiana. 


1  Died  Sept.  14, 1866.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Grider,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3,  1866.  »  Resigned  July  21, 
18C6 ;  subsequently  re-elected,  and  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 18C6.  *  Resigned  in  1866.  «  Elected  iu  place  of  Greeu  Clay  Smith, 
resigned;  took  his  seat  Deo.  3, 1866. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Fessenden Portland.  |  Lot  M.  Morrill Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  G.  Blaine Augusta.  I  Sidney  Perham Paris.  I  John  H.  Rice Foxcroft. 

John  Lynch Portland.  |  Frederick  A.  Pike Calais.  | 

MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

John  A.  J.  Creswell Elkton.  |  Reverdy  Johnson Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  G.  Harris  .Leouardsto  wn.  I  Charles  E.  Phelps Baltimore.    John  L.  Thomas,  jun —  Baltimore. 

Hiram  McCullough Elkton.  |  Francis  Thomas Frankville. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  Sumner Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson Natick. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Alley Lynn. 

Oakes  Ames North  Eastou. 

John  D.  Baldwin Worcester. 

Nathaniel  P.  Banks1 . . .  .Waltham. 


George  S.  Boutwell Groton. 

Henry  L.  Dawes Pittsfield. 

Thomas  D.  Eliot New  Bedford. 

Samuel  Hooper. Boston. 


Alexander  H.  Rice Boston. 

William  B.  Washburn.  .Greenfield. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  D.  "W.  Gooch,  resigned  in  1865. 
MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Zachariah  Chandler Detroit.  |  Jacob  M.  Howard Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Fernando  C.  Beaman Adrian.  I  Thomas  W.  Ferry. .  .Grand  Haven.  I  R.  E.  Trowbridge Birmingham. 

JohnF.  Driggs East  Saginaw.  |  John  W.  Longyear Lansing.  |  Charles  TJpson Coldwater. 

MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

Daniel  S.  Norton Winona.  |  Alexander  Ramsey St.  Paul. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Ignatius  DonneUy Hastings.  |  William  Windom Winona. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


170 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


B.  Gratz  Brown. 


George  "W.  Anderson. . .  .Louisiana. 

John  F.  Benjamin Palmyra. 

Henry  T.  Blow St.  Louis. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

.St  Louis.  |  John  B.  Henderson. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Louisiana. 


John  Hogan St.  Louis. 

John  R.  Kelso Springfield. 

Benjamin  F.  Loan St.  Joseph. 


Joseph  W.  McClurg Linn  Creek. 

Thomas  E.  Noell Perry ville. 

Robert  T.  Van  Horn.. Kansas  City. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  "W.  Nye Carson  City.  |  William  M.  Stewart Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Delos  R.  Ashley Virginia  City. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Daniel  Clark1 Manchester.  I  George  G.  Fogg2 Concord. 

Aaron  II.  Cragin Lebanon.  [ 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Gilinan  Marston Exeter.  |  James  W.  Patterson Hanover.  |  Edward  H.  Rollins Concord. 

1  Resigned  July,  1866.       2  Appointed  in  place  of  Daniel  Clark,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1866. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 


Alexander  G.  Cattell  * Camden. 

Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen2 Newark. 


John  P.  Stockton8 Trenton. 

William  Wright 4 Newark. 


William  A.  Newell Allentown. 

Andrew  J.  Rogers Newton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Sitgreaves Phillipsburg. 

John  F.  Starr Camden. 


Edwin  R.  V.  Wright.  .Hudson  City. 


Elected  in  place  of  John  P.  Stockton,  whose  seat  was  declared  vacant ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1866. 
William  Wright,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1866.       3  Seat  declared  vacant  March  27,  1866. 


2  Appointed  in  place  of 
«  Died  Nov.  1,  1866. 


Ira  Harris 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.Albany.  |  Edward  D.  Morgan, 


.New  York. 


Tennis  G.  Bergen  . . .  .New  Utrecht. 

James  Brooks  * New  York. 

John  W.  Chanler New  York. 

Roseoe  Conkling Utica. 

William  A.  Darling New  York. 

Thomas  T.  Davis Syracuse. 

William  E.  Dodge  2 New  York. 

Charles  Goodyear Schoharie. 

John  A.  Griswold Troy. 

Robert  S.  Hale Elizabethtown. 

Roswell  Hart Rochester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Sidney  T.  Holmes Morrisville. 

Giles  W.  Hotchkiss  . .  .Binghamton. 

Demas  Hubbard,  jun Smyrna. 

Edwin  L.  Hubbell Coxsackie. 

Calvin  T.  Hulburd. .  .Brasher  Falls. 

James  Humphrey3 Brooklyn. 

James  M.  Humphrey Buffalo. 

John  W.  Hunter  4 Brooklyn. 

Morgan  Jones New  York. 

John  H.  Ketcham Dover. 

Addison  H.  Laflin Herkimer. 


Jas.  M.  Marvin. .  .Saratoga  Springs. 

Daniel  Morris Penn  Yan. 

Theodore  M.  Pomeroy Auburn. 

William  Radford Yonkers. 

Henry  J.  Raymond New  York. 

Stephen  Taber Roslyn. 

Nelson  Taylor New  York. 

Henry  Van  Aernam. .  Franklinville. 

Burt  Van  Horn Newfane. 

Hamilton  Ward Belrnont. 

Charles  H.  Winfield., Goshen. 


1  Election  successfully  contested  by  William  E.  Dodge.        2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  Brooks ;  took  his  seat 
April  7, 1866.      "»  Died  June  16,  1866.       *  Elected  in  place  of  James  Humphrey,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1866. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


John  Sherman. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

, Mansfield.  |  Benjamin  F.  Wade  *. 

Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  2, 1867. 


.Jefferson. 


THE  THIRTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 


James  M.  Ashley Toledo. 

John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Ralph  P.  Buckland Fremont. 

Hezekiah  S.  Buudy Reed's  Mill. 

Reader  W.  Clarke Batavia. 

Columbus  Delano 1 Mt.  Vernon. 

Ephraim  R.  Eckley Carrollton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Eggleston Cincinnati. 

William  E.  Finck Somerset. 

James  A.  Garlield Hiram. 

Rutherford  B.  Hayes Cincinnati. 

James  R.  Hubbell Delaware. 

William  Lawrence Belief onte. 

Francis  C.  Le  Blond Celina. 


Tobias  A.  Plants Pomeroy. 

Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 

Samuel  Shellabarger Springfield. 

Ruf  us  P.  Spalding Cleveland. 

Martin  Welker Wooster. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  Follett. 

OREGON. 
SENATORS. 
Jame3  W.  Nesmith Salem.  |  George  H.  Williams  — 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Jamea  H.  D.  Henderson 


Portland. 

.Eugene  City. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
Charles  R.  Buckalew. Bloomsburg.  |  Edgar  Cowan . 


.Greensburg. 


Sydenham  E.  Ancona Reading. 

Abraham  A.  Barker Edenburg. 

Benjamin  M.  Boyer Norristown. 

John  M.  Broomhall Media. 

Alexander  H.  Coff roth1.  .Somerset. 

Charles  V.  Culver Franklin. 

John  L.  Dawson'2 Brownsville. 

Charles  Denison Wilkesbarre. 

Adam  J.  Glossbrenner York. 

1  Took  his  seat  Feb.  19, 18CG ;  election 
by  Smith  Fuller.       »  Died  Jan.  29, 1807. 
18,  1806. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Philip  Johnson3 Eastern. 

William  D.  Kelley Philadelphia. 

William  H.  Koontz4 Somerset. 

George  V.  Lawrence, 

Monongahela  City. 

Ulysses  Mercur Towanda. 

George  F.  Miller Louisburg. 

James  K.  Moorhead Pittsburg. 

Leonard  Myers Philadelphia. 

successfully  contested  by  William  H.  Koontz.       2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested 
4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Alexander  H.  Coif  roth ;  took  his  seat  July 

RHODE    ISLAND. 


Charles  O'Neill Philadelphia. 

Samuel  J.  Randall Philadelphia. 

Glennie  W.  Scofield Warren. 

Thaddeus  Stevens Lancaster. 

Myer  Strouse Pottsville. 

M.  Russell  Thayer  .  .Chestnut  Hill. 

Thomas  Williams Pittsburg. 

Stephen  F.  Wilson Wellsborc?. 


SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony Providence.  |  William  Sprague Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Nathan  F.  Dixon. Westerly.  |  Thomas  A.  Jenckes Providence. 


Joseph  S.  Fowler1. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant. ) 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
.Nashville.  I  David T.  Patterson2.. 


.Greeneville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  M.  Arnell s Columbia. 

William  B.  Campbell3. . .  .Lebanon. 
Edmund  Cooper 1 Shelby ville. 


William  B.  Stokes  4 Liberty. 

Nathan' 1  J.  Taylor4.  .Happy  Valley. 


Isaac  R.  Hawkins3...  .Huntingdon. 

John  W.  Leftwich 1 Memphis. 

Horace  Maynard  4 Knoxville. 

Took  his  seat  July  25, 1866.       *  Took  his  seat  July  28, 1806.        3  Took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1866;  election  unsuccessfully  contested 
by  Dorsey  B.  Thomas.       *  Took  his  seat  July  24, 1866. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


George  F.  Edmunds  * Burlington. 

Solomon  Foot2 Rutland. 


Luke  P.  Poland8. 


2  Died  March  28, 1866. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Solomon  Foot,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1866.        2  Died  March  28, 181 
Jacob  Collauier,  deceased  Nov.  8,  1865;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 186o. 


, St.  Johnsbury. 

3  Appointed  in  place  of 


172  CONGEESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Portus  Baxter Derby  Line.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford.  |  Fred.  E.  Woodbridge. .  .Vergennes. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant.) 

BEPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
PeterG.  Van  "Winkle Parkersburg.  |  WaitmanT.  Willey Morgantown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Chester  D.  Hubbard Wheeling.  |  George  R.  Latham Grafton.  |  Killian  V.  Whaley Pt.  Pleasant. 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

James  R.  Doolittle Racine.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Amasa  Cobb Mineral  Point.  I  Walter  D.  Mclndoe Warsaw.  I  Philetus  Sawyer Oshkosh. 

Charles  A.  Eldridge.  .Fond  du  Lac.  |  Halbert  E.  Paine Milwaukee.  |  Ithamar  C.  Sloan Janes ville. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
JohnN.  Goodwin Prescott. 

COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Allen  A.  Bradford Denver. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Walter  A,  Burleigh Yankton. 

IDAHO   TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
E.  D.  Holbrook. Idaho  City. 

.   MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Samuel  McLean. Bannack  City. 

NEBRASKA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Phineas  W.  Hitchcock Omaha. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
J.  Francisco  Chaves Santa  F<5. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  H.  Hooper Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Arthur  H.  Denny Seattle. 


THE  FORTIETH  CONGRESS.  173 


THE  FOKTIETH  CONGBESS. 


Pint  Session,  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  30, 1867  ;  July  3,  1867,  to  July  20,  1867 ;  Nov.  21,  1867,  to 

Dec.  2,  1867.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1867,  to  July  27, 1868  ;  Sept.  21,  1868,  to  Sept.  21, 

1868 ;  Oct.  16,  1868,  to  Oct.  16,  1868 ;  Nov.  10,  1868,  to  Nov.  10,  1868.     Third 

Session,  from  Dec.  7,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869. 


Vice-President*     President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  BENJAMIN  F.  WADE  of  Ohio.     Secretaries  of  the 
Senate.— JOHN  W.  FORNEY  of  Pennsylvania;  GEORGE  C.  GORHAM  of  California,  elected  June  4,  18(38. 

Speakers  of  the  House. — SCHUYLEB  COLFAX  of  Indiana;  THEODORE  M.  POMEKOY  of  New  York,  elected 
March  3,  1869.     Clerk  of  the  House.  —  EDWARD  McPnERSox  of  Pennsylvania. 

1  Andrew  Johnson  became  President  by  the  death  of  Abraham  Lincoln. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

George  E.  Spencer  ! Decatur.  |  Willard  Warner  * Montgomery. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  W.  Buckley  2. Montgomery. 
John  B.  Callis  2 Huntsvill'e. 


Thomas  Haughey  2 Decatur.  I  Benjamin  W.  Norris  2 Elmore. 

Francis  W.  Kellogg  3 Mobile.  |  Charles  W.  Pierce  2 Demopolis. 


James  Hinds  * '. 

Logan  H.  Hoots  2 Devall's  Bluff. 


i  Took  his  seat  July  25, 1868.       2  Took  his  seat  July  21, 1868.       »  Took  his  seat  July  22, 1B68. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  McDonald  J Little  Rock.  |  Benjamin  F.  Rice 1 , Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Boles  2 Dardanelle. 

James  T.  Elliott 3 Camdeu. 

*  Took  his  seat  June  23, 18C8.        2  Took  his  seat  June  24.  1808.       «  Elected  in  place  of  James  Hinds,  deceased;  took  his  seat 
Jan.  13, 18C9.       *  Took  his  seat  Juno  24,  1868;  died  Oct.  22, 1868. 

CALIFORNIA. 
SENATORS. 

Cornelius  Cole San  Francisco.  |  John  Conness Georgetown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  B.  Axtell 1.  .San  Francisco.  |  William  Higby  * Calaveras.  |  James  A.  Johnson 1. .  .Downieville. 

i  Took  his  seat  Nov.  21, 1867. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

James  Dixon Hartford.  |  Orris  S.  Ferry Norwalk. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Barnum  1 Lime  Rock. 

Julius  Hotchkiss Middletown, 


Richard  D.  Hubbard Hartford. 

Henry  H.  Starkweather Norwich. 


1  Seat  unsuccessfully  contested. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard  * Wilmington.  I  Willard  Saulsbury Georgetown. 

George  Read  Riddle  2 Wilmington.  | 

1  Appointed  in  place  of  George  Read  Riddle,  deceased;  took  hia  seat  April  1,  1867.         a  Died  March  29, 1867. 


174 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


BEPRESENTATIVE. 
John  A.  Nicholson. Dover. 


FLORIDA. 
SENATORS. 
Thomas  W.  Osborn  !...,...,,,,, Pensacola.  |  Adonijah  S.  "Welch  2 . 


.Jacksonville. 


REPEESENTATIVE. 
Charles  M.  Hamilton3 Marianna. 

»  Took  his  seat  June  30, 1868.       *  Took  Ms  seat  July  2, 1868.       »  Took  Ms  seat  July  1, 1868. 


Joseph  W.  Clift  1 Savannah. 

W.  P.  Edwards  * Butler. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATOES. 

(Vacant.) 

REPEESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  F.  Goye 1...  .Griswoldville. 
Charles  H.  Prince  x Augusta. 

*  Took  Ms  seat  July  25, 1868. 


Nelson  Tift* 

P.M.  B.  Young  i... 


Albany. 

...  Carters  ville. 


Lyman  Tmmbull. 


Jehu  Baker Belleville. 

Henry  P.  H.  Bromw ell. Charleston. 

Albert  G.  Burr "Winchester. 

Burton  C.  Cook Ottowa. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom Springfield. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATOES. 

Chicago.  |  Richard  Yates . . , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Farnsworth  ...  St.  Charles. 

Abner  C.  Harding Monmouth. 

Ebon  C.  Ingersoll Peoria. 

Norman  B.  Judd Chicago. 

John  A.  Logan Carbondale. 


.Jacksonville. 


Samuel  S.  Marshall, 

McLeansborough. 

Green  B.  Raum Harrisburg. 

Lewis  W.  Ross Lewiston. 

Ellihu  B.  "Washburne Galena. 


Thomas  A.  Hendricks , 


John  Coburn Indianapolis. 

Schuyler  Coif  ax l South  Bend. 

"William  S.  Holman Aurora. 

Morton  C.  Hunter. . .  .Bloomington. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

. . .  .Indianapolis.  |  Oliver  P.  Morton. . 
EEPEESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Julian Centreville. 

Michael  C.  Kerr New  Albany. 

"William  E.  Niblack Vincennes. 

Godlove  S.  Orth Lafayette. 

1  Elected  speaker  March  4, 1867. 


.Indianapolis. 


John  P.  C.  Shanks Jay  C.  H. 

Henry  D.  Washburn Clinton. 

William  "Williams "Warsaw. 


James  W.  Grimes. 


"William  B.  Allison Dubuque. 

Greuville  M.  Dodge. Council  Bluffs. 


IOWA, 

SENATORS. 

Burlington.  |  James  Harlan  . . , 

EEPEESENTATIVES. 

Asahel  W.  Hubbard. . .  .Sioux  City. 
William  Loughridge  . . .  .Oskaloosa. 


.Mt.  Pleasant. 


Hiram  Price Davenport. 

James  F.  Wilson Fairneld. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  C.  Pomeroy Atchison.  |  Edmund  G.  Ross Lawrence. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Sidney  Clarke Lawrence. 


Garrett  Davis Paris. 

James  Guthrie  l Louisville. 


KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  C.  McCreery  2 


.Owensborough. 


George  M.  Adams3.  .Barboursville. 

James  B.  Beck4 Lexington. 

Jacob  S.  Golladav5 Allensville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Asa  P.  Grover  4 Louisville. 

Thomas  L.  Jones  6 Newport. 

J.  Proctor  Knott 4 Louisville. 


Samuel  McKee  7 Mt.  Sterling. 

Lawrence  S.  Trimble 8. . .  .Paducah. 


1  Resigned  February,  1S68.  2  Elected  in  place  of  James  Guthrie.  resigned ;  took  bis  seat  Feb.  28,  1808.  8  Took  bis  seat 
July  8, 1K>7.  *  Took  bis  seat  Dec.  3, 1807.  6  Elected  in  place  of  Elijah  Hiso,  deceased  May  8, 1807 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1867. 
o  Took  bis  scat  Dec.  4, 1SG7.  7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  D.  Young;  took  Ms  seat  June  22, 1868.  •  Election 
unsuccessfully  contested  by  G.  G.  Syrames;  took  Ms  seat  Jan.  10, 1868. 


THE   FORTIETH  CONGRESS.  175 


LOUISIANA. 
SENATORS. 

John  S.  Harris  *.. , Vidalia.  |  William  Pitt  Kellogg1 New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

"W.  Jasper  Blackburn  2 Homer.  I  Joseph  P.  Newsham2.Francesville.  I  Michael  Vidal 2 Opelousas. 

James  Mann2 New  Orleans.  |  J.  H.  Sypher  2 New  Orleans.  | 

i  Took  Ms  seat  July  17, 1868.       2  Took  his  seat  July  18, 1868. 

MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Fessenden , Portland.  |  Lot  M.  Morrill Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Sidney  Perham Paris.  I  Frederick  A.  Pike Calais. 

John  A.  Peters Bangor.  | 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Reverdy  Johnson1 Baltimore.  I  W.  Pinckney  Whyte  8 Baltimore. 

George  Vickers  2 Chestertown.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stevenson  Archer Belair.  I  Charles  E.  Phelps4 Baltimore. 

Hiram  McCullough Elkton.  |  Frederick  Stone Port  Tobacco. 

1  Resigned  July  10,  1868.        2  Elected  in  place  of  P.  P.  Thomas,  rejected ;  took  his  seat  March  9, 1868.       *  Appointed  in  place 
of  Reverdy  Johnson,  resigned;  took  his  seat  July  14, 1868.       *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  J.  Stewart. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  Sumner Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson Natick. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  G.  Blaine Augusta. 

John  Lynch Portland. 


Francis  Thomas Frankville. 


Oakes  Ames North  Easton. 

John  D.  Baldwin Worcester. 

Nathaniel  P.  Banks Waltham. 

George  S.  Bout  well Groton. 


Benjamin  F.  Butler Gloucester. 

Henry  L.  Dawes Pittsfield. 

Thomas  D.  Eliot New  Bedford. 

Samuel  Hooper Boston. 


Ginery  Twichell Brookline. 

William  B.  Washburn  .  .Greenfield. 


MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Zachariah  Chandler Detroit.  |  Jacob  M.  Howard. Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Fernando  C.  Beaman Adrian.  I  John  F.  Driggs East  Saginaw.  I  R.  E.  Trowbridge Birmingham. 

Austin  Blair Jackson.  |  Thomas  W.  Ferry . . .  Grand  Haven.  |  Charles  Upson Cold  Water. 

MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

DanielS.  Norton Winona.  |  Alexander  Ramsey St.  Paul. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Ignatius  Donnelly Hastings.  |  William  Windom Winona. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant.) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

(Vacant. ) 

• 

MISSOURI. 

* 

SENATORS. 
Charles  D.  Drake St.  Louis.  |  John  B.  Henderson Louisiana. 


176 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


George  "W.  Anderson  *. .  .Louisiana. 

John  F.  Benjamin Shelby ville. 

Joseph  J.  Gravely Stockton. 

Benjamin  F.  Loan St.  Joseph. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Joseph  "W.  McClurg2..  .Linn  Creek. 

James  R.  McCormick3 Ironton. 

Carman  A.  Newconib . . . .  Vin eland. 
Thomas  E.  Noell  * Perry  ville. 


William  A.  Pile  5 St.  Louis. 

John  H.  Stover  6 Versailles. 

Robert  T.  Van  Horn7. Kansas  City. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  F.  Switzler.  2  Resigned  in  1868.  8  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  E.  Noell. 
deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  17, 1867.  *  Died  Oct.  4, 1867.  8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Hogan.  6  Elected 
in  place  of  Joseph  \V.  McClurg,  resigned ;  took  hid  seat  Doc.  7, 1868.  7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  H.  Birch. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 
John  M.  Thayer Omaha.  |  Thomas  W.  Tipton Brownville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
JolmTaffo Omaha. 

NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nye Carson  City.  |  "William  M.  Stewart Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Delos  R.  Ashley Austin. 

NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin Lebanon.  |  James  W.  Patterson Hanover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Jacob  Benton Lancaster.  |  Jacob  H.  Ela Rochester.  |  Aaron  P.  Stevens Nashua. 

NEW   JEESEY. 
SENATORS. 

Alexander  G.  Cattell Camden.  |  Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen. Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Haight Freehold.  I  John  Hill Boonton.  I  Charles  Sitgreaves. . .  .Phillipsburg. 

George  A.  Halsey Newark.  |  William  Moore May's  Landing.  | 

NEW   YORK. 
SENATORS. 

Roscoe  Conkling TJtica.  |  Edwin  D.  Morgan New  York. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alexander  H.  Bailey  x Rome.  James  M.  Humphrey Buffalo.  William  E.  Robinson Brooklyn. 

Demas  Barnes Brooklyn.  William  H.  Kelsey Geneseo.  Lewis  Selye Rochester. 

James  Brooks New  York.  John  H.  Ketcham Dover.  Thomas  E.  Stewart New  York. 

John  W.  Chanler New  York.  Addison  H.  Larlin Herkimer.  Stephen  Taber Roslyn. 

John  C.  Churchill Oswego.  William  S.  Lincoln Owego.  Henry  Van  Aernam  .Franklin ville. 

Thomas  Cornell Eondout.  James  M.  Marvin. Saratoga  Springs.  Burt  Van  Horn Lockport. 

Orange  Ferriss Glen's  Falls.  Dennis  McCarthy Syracuse.  Chas.  H.  Van  Wyck. .  .Middle town. 

William  C.  Fields Laurens.  John  Morrissey New  York.  Hamilton  Ward Belmont. 

John  Fox New  York.  Theodore  M.  Pomeroy  2. . . .  Auburn.  Fernando  Wood New  York. 

John  A.  (Iriswold Troy.  John  V.  L.  Pruyn Albany. 

Calvin  T.  Hulburd. .  .Brasher  Falls.  William  H.  Robertson Katonah. 

1  Elected  hi  place  of  Roscoe  Conkling,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Nov.  30, 1867.       *  Elected  speaker  March  3, 1869. 


Joseph  C.  Abbott l 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

.Wilmington.  |  John  Pool l Elizabeth  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathaniel  Boyden  2 Salisbury. 

John  T.  Deweese  3 Raleigh. 

Oliver  H.  Dockery2  .Richmond  Co. 


John  R.  French  3 Edenton. 

David  Heaton  4 Newbern. 

Alexander  H.  Jones3  . .  .Ashe ville. 


Israel  G.  Lash6 Salem. 


Took  his  seat  July  17, 1868.       *  Took  his  seat  July  13, 1868.       »  Took  his  seat  July  6, 1868. 

6  Took  his  seat  July  20, 1868. 


Took  bis  seat  July  15, 1868. 


THE  FORTIETH  CONGRESS. 


177 


John  Sherman. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

.Mansfield.  |  Benjamin  P.  Wade  1 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Jefferson. 


James  M.  Ashley Toledo. 

John  Beatty  2 Cardington. 

John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Ralph  3J.  Buckland Fremont. 

Samuel  F.  Carey  3 Cincinnati. 

Reader  W.  Clarke Batavia. 

Columbus  Delano  * Mt.  Vernon. 

Ephraiui  R.  Eckley Carrollton. 

1  President  pro 


Benjamin  Eggleston Cincinnati. 

James  A.  Gariield Hiram. 

Cornelius  S.  Hamilton 5.Marysville. 
Rutherford  B.  Hayes  6  . .  Cincinnati. 
William  Lawrence. .  .Belief ontaine. 
George  W.  Morgan  ?.. .  .Mt.  Vernon. 

William  Mnngen Findley. 

Tobias  A.  Plants Pomeroy. 


Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 

Samuel  Shellabarger  . . .  Springfield. 

Ilufus  P.  Spalding Cleveland. 

Philadelph  Van  Trump.  .Lancaster. 

Martin  Welker Wooster. 

John  T.  Wilson Tranquillity. 


»  Elected  in 


tern.       *  Elected  in  place  of  Cornelius  S.  Hamilton,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  5  1868 
place  of  Rutherford  B.  Hayes,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Nov.  21, 1807.       *  Successfully  contested  the  seat  of  George  W  Morgan- 

took  his  seat  Juno  3    1868.         R  ^^^^  ri^/*    oo     IQC?  n  i:>^.,:,«,~^  :„   -tovr          i  T7«il«j-; *«..TI      _  .     ,      ,    *?  .       ~   , 

Delano. 


icoigiicu,  iA^«x  w.o  ooa,u  j^<_>v.  *i,  j.ou i .       -  o uuocBsi iuiy  coi nesieu  tue  seat  01  lieorce  w   Morgan- 
6  Died  Dec.  22,  1867.       «  Resigned  in  1867.       '  Election  successfully  contested  by  Coluinbua 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  W.  Corbett Portland.  |  George  H.  Williams Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Rufus  Mallory Salem. 


Charles  R.  Buckalew. 


Benjamin  M.  Boyer. . .  .Norristown. 

John  M.  Broomall Media. 

Henry  L.  Cake Tamaqua. 

John  Covode Lockport. 

Charles  Denison l Wilkesbarre. 

Oliver  J.  Dickey  2 Lancaster. 

J.  Lawrence  Getz Reading. 

Adam  J.  Glossbrenner York. 

Darwin  A.  Finney  8 Meadville. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

. . .  .Bloomsburg.  |  Simon  Cameron. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  D.  Kelley Philadelphia. 

William  H.  Koontz Somerset. 

G.  V.  Lawrence. Monongahela  City. 

Ulysses  Mercur Towanda. 

George  F.  Miller Louisburg. 

James  K.  Moorhead Pittsbnrg. 

Daniel  J.  Morrell Johnstown. 

Leonard  Myers Philadelphia. 

Charles  O'Neill Philadelphia. 


.Harrisburg. 


Newton  S.  Pettis  4 Meadville. 

Samuel  J.  Randall. . .  .Philadelphia. 

Glenni  W.  Scofield Warren. 

Thaddeus  Stevens  5 Lancaster. 

Caleb  N.  Taylor Bristol. 

Daniel  M.  Van  Auken Milford. 

Thomas  Williams Pittsburg. 

Stephen  F.  Wilson . .  Wellsborough. 
Geo.  W.  Woodward 6..Wilkesf>arre. 


1  Died  June  27, 1867.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Thaddeus  Stevens,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1868.  s  Died  Aug.  25, 1868. 
*  Elected  in  place  of  Darwin  A.  Finnoy,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1868.  6  Died  Aug.  11, 1868.  6  Elected  in  place  of 
Charles  Denison,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Nov.  21, 1867. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  B.  Anthony Providence.  |  William  Sprague Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Nathan  F.  Dixon. Westerly.  |  Thomas  A.  Jenckes Cumberland. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  J.  Robertson 1 Columbia.  |  Frederick  A.  Sawyer  * Bolton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
C.  C.  Bowen 2. . .  . .  .Charleston.  |  James  H.  Goss 4 TTniqn  C.  H. 


Simeon  Corley8 Lexington. 

Took  his  seat  July  22, 1868.       »  Took  his  seat  July  20, 1868. 


B.  Frank  Whittemore  4 Darlington. 

Took  his  seat  July  25, 1868.       «  Took  his  seat  July  18, 1868. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Joseph  S.  Fowler  ! Nashville.  |  David  T.  Patterson  2 Greeneville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  M.  Arnoll 3 Columbia. 

Roderick  R.  Butler4 . .  .Wytheville. 
Isaac  R.  Hawkins  8.. .  .Huntingdon. 

1  Took  his  seat  July  25, 1866.        2  Took  his  seat  July  26,  1866. 


Horace  Maynard3 Knoxville. 

James  Mullins3 Shelbyville. 

David  A.  Nuun  3 Brownsville. 

Took  his  seat  Nov.  21, 1867. 


William  B.  Stokes8 Alexandria. 

John  Trimble  8 Nashville. 


«  Took  his  seat  June  26, 1868. 


178  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

(Vacant. ) 

BEPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

GeorgeF.  Edmunds Burlington.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Luke  P.  Poland St.  Johnsbury.  |  Worthington  C.  Smith  .St.  Alban's.  |  Fred.  E.  Woodbridge. .  .Vergennea. 

VIRGINIA, 

SENATORS. 
(Vacant. ) 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
(Vacant.) 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
Peter  G.  Van  Winkle Parkersburg.  |  WaitmanT.  Willey Morgantown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Chester  D.  Hubbard Wheeling.  |  Bethuel  M.  Kitchen. .  .Martinsburg.  |  Daniel  Polsley Point  Pleasant. 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

James  R.  Doolittle Racine.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe ....Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Amasa  Cobb Mineral  Point.  I  Benjamin  F.  Hopkins Madison.  I  Philetus  Sawyer Oshkosh. 

Charles  A.  Eldridge .  .Fond  du  Lac.  |  Halbert  E.  Paine Milwaukee.  |  C.  C.  Washburn La  Crosse. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Coles  Bashford Tucson. 

COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
George  M.  Chilcott Excelsior. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Walter  A.  Burleigh Yankton. 

IDAHO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
E.  D.  Holbrook Idaho  City. 

MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
James  M.  Cavanaugh Helena. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
Charles  P.  Clever  * Santa  Fe". 

i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  F.  Cliaves. 
'UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  M.  Hooper. Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Alvan  Flanders Walla  Walla. 


THE  FORTY-FIRST  CONGRESS.  179 


THE   FOETY-FIEST    CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  March  4,  1869,  to  April  10,  1869.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  6, 1869,  to  July  15, 1870. 
Third  Session,  from  Dec.  5,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 


Vice-President.  — SCHTJYLER  COLFAX  of  Indiana.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  HENRY  B.  ANTHONY 
of  Rhode  Island,  elected  March  23,  1869;  again  elected  April  9,  18G9;  again  elected  May  28, 1870;  again  elected 
July  1,  1870;  and  again  elected  July  14,  1870.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  GEORGK  C.  GORHAM  of  California. 

Speaker  of  the  House.—  JAMES  G.  ELAINE  of  Maine.  Clerk  of  the  House.—  EDWARD  MCPHERSON  of  Penn 
sylvania. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

George  E.  Spencer Decatur.  |  Willard  Warner Montgomery. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  E.  Buck  1 Mobile.  I  Peter  M.  Dox  2 Huntsville.  I  Robert  S.  Heflin  2 Wedowee. 

Charles  W.  Buckley  I.Montgomery.  |  Charles  Hays  2 Eutaw.  |  William  C.  Sherrod2 . . .  .Courtland. 

i  Took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1869.       *  Took  Ms  seat  Dec.  7, 1869. 

ARKANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

Alexander  McDonald Little  Rock.  |  Benjamin  F.  Rice Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Thomas  Boles Dardanelle.  |  Anthony  A.  C.  Rogers.  .Pine  Bluff.  |  Logan  H.  Roots Duvall's  Bluff. 

CALIFORNIA. 
SENATORS. 

Eugene  Casserly San  Francisco.  |  Cornelius  Cole San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Samuel  B.  Axtell..  ..San  Francisco.  |  James  A.  Johnson Downieville.  |  Aaron  A.  Sargent . . .  .Nevada  City. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

William  A.  Buckingham Norwich.  |  Orris  S.  Ferry Norwalk. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Barnum  J Lime  Rock.  I  Henry  H.  Starkweather  2 Norwich. 

Stephen  W.  Kellogg  2 Waterbury.  |  Julius  L.  Strong  2. Hartford. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1869.       2  Took  Ms  seat  April  9, 1869. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Thomas  Francis  Bayard  * Wilmington.  |  Willard  Saulsbury Georgetown. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Benjamin  T.  Biggs Summit  Ridge. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  George  Read  Riddle,  deceased.  James  A.  Bayard  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  Ms  seat 

March  4, 1809. 


180 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


FLOEIDA. 
SENATORS. 
Abijah  Gilbert , St.  Augustine.  |  Thomas  "W.  Osborn. 


.Pensacola. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Charles  M.  Hamilton Marianna. 

GEOKGIA. 


Joshua  HiU  1 . 


Marion  Bethune  8 Talbotton. 

Stephen  A.  Corker4.  .Waynesboro'. 
Jeft'erson  F.  Long  2 Macon. 


SENATORS. 

Madison.  (  H.  V.  M.  Miller2. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  W.  Paine  5 Savannah. 

"William  P.  Price2 Dahlonega. 

Richard  H.  Whiteley6.  .Bainbridge. 


Pierce  M.  B.  Young2  .  .Cartersville. 


1  Took  Ms  seat  Jan.  30, 1871.  2  Took  his  seat  Feb.  24, 1871.  3  Took  his  seat  Jan.  16, 1871.  *  Election  unsuccessfully 
contested  by  Thomas  P.  Beard;  took  his  seat  Jan.  24, 1871.  6  Took  his  seat  Jan.  23,  1871.  8  Election  unsuccessfully  con 
tested  by  Nelson  Tift;  took  his  seat  Feb.  9, 1871. 

ILLINOIS. 


Lyman  Trumbull. 


SENATORS. 
.  Chicago.  |  Richard  Yates . 


.Jacksonville. 


Horatio  C.  Burchard 1 Freeport. 

Albert  G.  Burr Carrollton. 

Burton  C.  Cook Ottawa. 

John  M.  Crebs Carmi. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom Springfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Farnsworth St.  Charles. 

John  B.  Haw  ley Rock  Island. 

John  B.  Hay Belleville. 

Ebon  C.  Ingersoll Peoria. 

Norman  B.  Judd Chicago. 


John  A  Logan Carbondale. 

Sain'l  S.  Marshall.McLeansborough. 
Thompson  W.  McNeely  .Petersburg. 

Jesse  H.  Moore Decatur. 

Ellihu  B.  Washburne  2 Galena. 


Elected  in  place  of  Ellihu  B.  Washburne,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1869.       2  Resigned  March  6, 1869. 


Oliver  P.  Morton 


John  Coburn Indianapolis. 

William  S.  Holman Aurora. 

George  W.  Julian  * Centreville. 

Michael  C.  Kerr New  Albany. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Indianapolis.  |  Daniel  D.  Pratt.. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  E.  Niblack Vincennes. 

Godlove  S.  Orth Lafayette. 

Jasper  Packard La  Porte. 

John  P.  C.  Shanks Jay  C.  H. 


.Logansport. 


James  N.  Tyner  2 Peru. 

Daniel  W.  Voorhees .  .Terre  Haute. 
William  Williams Warsaw. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  S.  Reid. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  D.  Pratt,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1869. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Grimes  * Burlington.  I  James  B.  Howell 2 Keokuk. 

James  Harlan Mt.  Pleasant.  | 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  B.  Allison Dubuque.    George  W.  McCrary. . . Keokuk.  I  Charles  Pomeroy Fort  Dodge. 

William  Loughridge Oskaloosa.    Frank  W.  Palmer  . Des  Moines.  |  William  Smyth Marion. 

1  Resigned  Dec.  6, 1869.       2  Elected  in  place  of  James  W.  Grimes,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  26, 1870. 

KANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  C.  Pomeroy Atchison.  |  Edmund  G.  Ross Lawrence. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 


Sidney  Clarke. 


.Lawrence. 


Garrett  Davis , 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.Paris.  |  Thomas  C.  McCreery. 


.Owensborough. 


George  M.  Adams l.  ..Barboursville. 

James  B.  Beck Lexington. 

J.  S.  Golladay  2 ... .  Allensville. 

Thomas  L.  Jones Newport. 


Lawrence  S.  Trimble Paducah. 

Boyd  Winchester Louisville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

J.  Proctor  Knott Lebanon. 

Joseph  H.  Lewis  3 Glasgow. 

John  M.  Rice 4 Louisa. 

Win.  N.  Sweeney  .  .Owensborough. 

1  Election  unsuccessf  ully  contested  by  S.  M.  Barnes.        2  Resigned  Feb.  28, 1870.       8  Elected  in  place  of  J.  S.  Golladay,  resigned ; 
took  his  seat  May  10, 1870.       4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  T.  Zeigler. 


THE  FORTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


181 


John  S.  Harris. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
.Vidalia.  |  William  Pitt  Kellogg. 


.New  Orleans. 


Chester  B.  Darrall  * Brash  ear. 

Frank  Morey  '2 Monroe. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jos.  P.  Newsham8.St.  Francisville. 
Lionel  A.  Sheldon4  .  .New  Orleans. 


J.  Hale  Sypher  5 New  Orleans. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Adolf  Bailey;  took  Ms  seat  July  7,  1869.  2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by 
G.  "W.  McCrani  j ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1870.  3  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Michael  Ryan ;  took  his  scat  May  25. 
1870.  *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Caleb  S.  Hunt;  took  his  seat  April  8,  1869.  6  Election  unsuccessfully  con 
tested  by  Mr.  St.  Martin;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1870. 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Fessenden  1 Portland.    Lot  M.  Morrill2. , 

Hannibal  Hamlin Bangor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Lynch Portland. 

Samuel  P.  Morrill Farinimrton. 


.Augusta. 


James  G.  Blaine  3 Augusta. 

Eugene  Hale Ellsworth. 


John  A.  Peters Bangor. 


Died  Sept.  8,  1869. 


2  Appointed  in  place  of  William  Pitt  Fessenden,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1869. 
speaker  March  4, 1869. 


Elected 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

William  T.  Hamilton l Hagerstown.  |  George  Vickers Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Swann. . .          . .  Baltimore. 


Stevenson  Archer Belair. 

Samuel  Hambleton Easton. 


Patrick  Hamill Oakland. 

Frederick  Stone Port  Tobacco. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Reverdy  Johnson,  resigned  in  1868,  W.  Pinckney  Whyte  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat 

March  4,  1869. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
Charles  Sumner Boston.  |  Henry  Wilson Natick 


Oakes  Ames North  Easton. 

Nathaniel  P.  Banks Waltham. 

George  S.  Bout  well i Groton. 

George  M.  Brooks  2 Concord. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Buffinton Fall  River. 

Benjamin  F.  Butler Lowell. 

Henry  L.  Dawes Pittsfield. 

George  F.  Hoar Worcester. 


Samuel  Hooper Boston. 

Ginery  Twichell Brookline. 

William  B.  Washburn  .  .Greenfield. 


Resigned  March  12,  1869,  having  been  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1869. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  George  S.  Boutwell, 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Zachariah  Chandler Detroit.  |  Jacob  M.  Howard. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Omar  D.  Conger Port  Huron. 

Thomas  W.  Ferry Graud  Haven. 

MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 


.Detroit. 


Fernando  C.  Beaman Adrian. 

Austin  Blair Jackson. 


William  L.  Stoughton Sturgis. 

Randolph  Strickland St.  John's. 


Daniel  S.  Norton  1 Winona. 

Alexander  Ramsey St.  Paiil. 


Ozora  P.  Stearns  2 Rochester. 

William  WindomS Winona. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Morton  S.  Wilkinson Mankato.  |  Eugene  M.  Wilson Minneapolis. 

1  Died  July  13.  1870.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Daniel  S.  Norton,  deceased,  William  Windom  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.; 
took  his  seat  Jan.  23, 1871.       *  Appointed  in  place  of  Daniel  S.  Norton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1870. 


Adelbert  Ames l. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
.Natchez.  |  Hiram  R.  Revels2. 


.Natchez. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  W.  Barry  8 Columbus.  I  George  C.  McKee  4 Vicksburg.  I  Legrand  W.  Perce  4 Natchez. 

George  E.  Harris4 Heruando.  |  Joseph  L.  Morphis4 Pontotoc.  | 

1  Took  Ms  seat  April  1, 1870.       2  Took  his  seat  Feb.  25, 1870.       *  Took  his  seat  April  8, 1870.       *  Took  Ms  seat  Feb.  23, 1870. 


182 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jun.1 , 

Charles  D.  Drakes 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

St.  Louis.  I  Carl  Schurz 

St.  Louis. 


.St.  Louis. 


Joel  F.  Asper Chillicothe. 

John  F.  Benjamin Shelby ville. 

Sempronius  H.  Boyd. .  .Springtield. 


REPRESENTATIVES-. 

Samuel  S.  Burdett Osceola. 

David  P.  Dyer3 Louisiana. 

Gustavus  A.  Finkelnburg.St.  Louis. 


James  R.  McCormick Irouton. 

Robert  T.  Van  Horn4. Kansas  City. 
Erastus  Wells St.  Louis. 

*  Election  unsuc- 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Charles  D.  Drake,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Jan.  25,  1871.        *  Resigned  Dec.  19, 1870.        s  I 
cessfully  contested  by  William  F.  Switzler.       *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Mr.  Shields. 

NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 
John  M.  Thayer,, Omaha.  |  Thomas  W.  Tipton Brownville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  Taffe Omaha. 

NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nye Carson  City.  |  William  M.  Stewart Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Thomas  Fitch Belmont. 

NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin Lebanon.  |  James  W.  Patterson Hanover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Jacob  Benton Lancaster.  |  Jacob  H.  Ela Rochester.  |  Aaron  F.  Stevens Nashua. 

NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Alexander  G.  Cattell Caniden.  |  John  P.  Stockton Trenton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  T.  Bird Flemington.  I  Charles  Haight Freehold.  I  William  Moore  . . .  .May's  Landing. 

Orestes  Cleveland Jersey  City.  |  John  Hill Boontou.  | 

NEW    YORK. 
SENATORS. 

Roscoe  Conkling Utica.  |  Reuben  E.  Fenton Jamestown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alexander  H.  Bailey Rome.    George  W.  Greene  2 Goshen.  Clarkson  N.  Potter .  .New  Rochelle. 

David  S.  Bennett Buffalo.    John  A.  Griswold Catskill.    Henry  A.  Reeves Green  Point. 

James  Brooks New  York.    Charles  H.  Holmes3 Albion.    Stephen  Sanford Amsterdam. 

Hervey  C.  Calkin New  York.    Giles  W.  Hotchkiss Binghamton.    John  G.  Schumaker Brooklyn. 

John  C.  Churchill Oswego.    William  H.  Kelsey Geneseo.    Porter  Sheldon Jamestown. 

George  Vvr.  Cowles Clyde.    John  H.  Ketcham Dover.    Henry  W.  Slocum Brooklyn. 

Samuel  S.  Cox New  York.    Charles  Knapp Deposit.    Adolphus  II.  Tanner Whitehall. 

Noah  Davis  * Albion.    Addison  H.  Larlin Herkimer.  Chas.  H.  Van  Wyck  4  .Middletown. 

Orange  Ferriss Glen's  Falls.    Stephen  L.  Mayham Schoharie.    Hamilton  Ward Belmont. 

John  Fisher Batavia.    Dennis  McCarthy Syracuse.    William  A.  Wheeler Malone. 

John  Fox .New  York.    John  Morrissey New  York.    Fernando  Wood New  York. 

1  Resigned  in  1870.        2  Seat  successfully  contested  by  Charles  H.  Van  Wyck.        *  Elected  in  place  of  Noah  Davis,  resigned ; 
took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1870.        *  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  W.  Greene;  took  his  seat  Feb.  17,  1870. 


Joseph  C.  Abbott 


Clinton  L.  Cobb Elizabeth  City. 

John  T.  Deweese  * Raleigh. 

Joseph  Dixon2 Hookerton. 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

Wilmington.  |  John  Pool 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Oliver  H.  Dockery Mangum. 

David  Heaton  3 Newbern. 

Alexander  H.  Jones4 Asheville. 


.Elizabeth  City. 


Israel  G.  Lash Salem. 

John  Manning,  jun.5  .Pittsborotigh. 
Francis  E.  Shober  6 Salisbury. 


i  Resigned  Feb.  28,  1870.  *  Elected  in  place  of  David  Heaton.  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1S70.  3  Died  June  25, 
1870.  «  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Plato  Durham.  B  Took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1870.  °  Election  unsuccessfully  con 
tested  by  Nathaniel  Boyden. 


THE  FORTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


183 


John  Sherman. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.Mansfield.  |  Allen  G.  Thurman 


.Columbus. 


Jacob  A.  Ambler Salem. 

John  Beatty Cardington. 

John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Edward  F.  Dickenson Fremont. 

James  A.  Garrield Hiram. 

Truman  H.  Hoag  * Belmont. 

William  Lawrence. .  .Bellefontaine. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Eliakim  H.  Moore Athens. 

George  W.  Morgan Mt.  Vernon. 

William  Mungen Findley. 

Erasmus  D.  Peck  2 Perrysburg. 

Robert  C.  Schenck Dayton. 

John  A.  Smith Hillsborough. 

Job  E.  Stevenson . .  .Cincinnati. 


Peter  W.  Strader  8 Cincinnati. 

William  H.  Upson Akron. 

Philadelph  Van  Trump.  .Lancaster. 

Martin  Welker Wooster. 

John  T.  Wilson. Tranquillity. 

James  J.  Winans Xenia. 


*  Died  February,  1870. 


*  Elected  in  place  of  Truman  H.  Iloag,  deceased ;  took  Ms  seat  April  23. 1870. 
cessfully  contested  by  Benjamin  Eggleston. 


8  Election  unsuo 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  W.  Corbett Portland.  |  George  H.  Williams. 


.Portland. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
Joseph  S.  Smith Salem. 


Simon  Cameron.. 


Wm.  H.  Armstrong.  .Williamsport. 

Henry  L.  Cake Tamaqua. 

John  Cessna Bedford. 

John  Covode ! Lor-kport. 

Oliver  J.  Dickey Lancaster. 

Joseph  B.  Donley Waynesburg. 

J.  Lawrence  ( retz Reading. 

Calvin  W.  Gilrillan Franklin. 

Richard  J.  Haldeman .  .Harrisburg. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 
SENATORS. 

Harrisburg.  I  John  Scott 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  D.  Kelley Philadelphia. 

Ulysses  Mercar To  wan  da. 

John  Moffet  * Philadelphia. 

Daniel  J.  Morrell Jolmstown. 

Leonard  Myers3 Philadelphia. 

James  S.  Negley Pittsburg. 

Charles  O'Neill Philadelphia. 

John  B.  Packer Sunbury. 

Darwin  Phelps Kittamiing. 


.Huntingdon. 


Samuel  J.  Randall Philadelphia. 

John  11.  Heading  4 Sonierton. 

Glenni  W.  Scolield Warren. 

John  D.  Stiles Allentpwn. 

Caleb  N.  Taylor  fi Bristol. 

Washington  Townsend, 

West  Chester. 

Daniel  M.  Van  Auken Milford. 

Geo.  W.  Woodward. .  .Wilkesbarre. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  D.  Foster.  2  Election  successfully  contested  by  Leonard  Myers.  8  Suc 
cessfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Moffet;  took  his  seat  April  9,  18CD.  *  Election  successfully  contested  by  Caleb  N. 
Taylor.  °  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  R.  Reading;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1870. 

RHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony1 Providence.  |  William  Sprague Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathan  F.  Dixon Westerly.  |  Thomas  A.  Jenckes Providence. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  23, 1869. 


Thomas  J.  Robertson. 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
..Columbia.  |  Frederick  A.  Sawyer, 


.Charlestown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


B.  Frank  Whittemore4. Darlington. 


C.  C.  Bowen Charleston.  I  Joseph  H.  Rainey  2 Georgetown. 

Solomon  L.  Hoge l Columbia.  |  Alexander  S.  Wallace  3. .  Yorkville. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  P.  Reed.  2  Elected  in  place  of  B.  Frank  Whittemore,  who  was  refused  his  seat. 
»  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  D.  Simpson.  4  Resigned  Feb.  23, 1870;  subsequently  re-elected,  but  refused 
admission  June  21, 1870. 


William  G.  Brownlow. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
.Knoxville.  |  Joseph  S.  Fowler., 


.Nashville. 


Samuel  M.  Arnell Columbia. 

Roderick  R.  Butler Taylorsville. 

Isaac  R.  Hawkins Huntingdon. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Mr.  Leftwich 


REPRESENTATI VES. 

Horace  Maynard Knoxville. 

William  F.  Prosser Nashville. 

William  J.  Smith 1 Memphis. 

Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  C.  A.  Sheafe. 


William  B.  Stokes Alexandria. 

Lewis  Tillman  2 Shelbyville. 


184  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

J.  W.  Flanagan1 "Waiting's  Ferry.  |  Morgan  C.  Hamilton1 Austin. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  T.  Clark  i Galveston. 

John  C.  Conner2 Sherman. 


Edward  Degener1 San  Antonio. 

George  W.  Whitmore  x Tyler. 


1  Took  his  seat  March  31, 1870.       »  Took  Ms  seat  March  31, 18TO ;  election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  B.  F.  Graf  ton. 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds Burlington.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Luke  P.  Poland St.  Johnsbury.  |  Worthington  C.  Smith.  .St.  Alban'a.  |  Charles  W.  Willard Montpelier. 

• 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  W.  Johnston l Abingdon.  |  John  F.  Lewis  i Port  Republic. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  S.  Ayer  2 Warsaw. 

George  W.  Booker8.  ..Martinsville. 
R.  T.  W.  Duke4 . . .  .Charlottesville. 


James  King  Gibson  5 Abingdon. 

Lewis  McKenzie  6 Alexandria. 

William  Milnes,  junJ.Sheuandoah. 


James  H.  Platt,  jun.7  .  .Petersburg. 

Charles  H.  Porter  1 Richmond. 

Robert  Ridgway  8 Cool  Well. 


1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  24, 1870.  2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  31, 1870.  »  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  Tucker ;  took 
his  seat  Feb.  1, 1870.  *  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  Rid/jway,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1870.  s  Took  his  seat  Jan.  28, 
1870.  »  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  C.  C.  Whittlesey;  took  his  seat  Jan.  31, 1870.  1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1870. 
»  Took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1870;  died  in  1870. 

WEST  VIRGINIA 

SENATORS.    • 
Arthur  I.  Boreman Parkersburg.  |  Waitman  T.  Willey Morgantown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Isaac  H.  Duval Wellsburg.  |  James  C.  McGrew Kingwood.  |  John  S.  Witcher Guyandotte. 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Matthew  H.  Carpenter Milwaukee.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  Atwood  * Madison. 

Amasa  Cobb Mineral  Point. 

Charles  A.  Eldridge.  .Fond  du  Lac. 


Benjamin  F.  Hopkins  2  . .  .Madison. 

Halbert  E.  Paine Milwaukee. 

Philetus  Sawyer Oshkosh. 


C.  C.  Washburn La  Crosse. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Benjamin  F.  Hopkins,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Feb.  23, 1870.       *  Died  Jan.  1, 1870. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Richard  C.  McCormick Tucson. 


COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Allen  A.  Bradford Pueblo. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

.     DELEGATE. 
S.  L.  Spink Yaukton. 

IDAHO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jacob  K.  Shafer Idaho  City. 

MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
James  M.  Cavanaugh Helena. 


THE  FORTY-SECOND  CONGRESS.  185 

TERRITORY  OP  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
J.  Francisco  Chaves Santa  Fe\ 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
"William  H.  Hooper Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 


DELEGATE. 
Selucius  Garfielde Olympia. 

WYOMING  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Stephen  F.  Nuckolls Cheyenne. 


THE  FOKTY-SECOND  CONGKESS. 


First  Session,  from  March  4,  1871,  to  April  20,  1871.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1871,  to  June  10,  1872. 
Third  Session,  from  Dec.  2,  1872,  to  March  3,  1873. 


Vice-Prcsident.  — SCHTTYLEB  COLFAX  of  Indiana.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  HENRY  B.  ANTHONY 
of  Rhode  Island,  elected  March  10,  1871;  again  elected  Dec.  21,  1871;  again  elected  Feb.  23,  1872;  and  again 
elected  July  8,  1872.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  GEOKGE  C.  GOBHAM  of  California. 

Speaker  of  the  House.  —JAMES  G.  BLATNE  of  Maine.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  EDWAKD  McPHEBSON  of  Penn 
sylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

George  Goldtfcwaite 1 Montgomery.  |  George  E.  Spencer Decatur. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Charles  W.  Buckley.  .Montgomery.    'William  A.  Handley2 . . .  .Roanoke.  I  Joseph  H.  SIoss Tuscumbia. 

T\~J ir    TX TT *ii  _          y"tt i TT TT-i-i+nTir     I   "R ct~n T  o Tn i n   fl'f  c*r>  1  i  nrr  T^n  TT\  AT .        WP!  mn_ 


Peter  M.  Dox Huntsville. 


Charles  Hays  ...............  Eutaw.  I  Benjamin  Sterling  Turner. 


1  Took  his  seat  Jan.  15,  1872.       a  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  B.  W.  Norris. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
Powell  Clayton  ...........................  Little  Rock.  |  Benjamin  F.  Rice  .........................  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Boles : Dardanelle. 

John  Edwards  2 Fort  Smith. 


James  M.  Hanks Helena. 

Oliver  P.  Snydera Pine  Bluff. 


i  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Edwards;  took  his  seat  Feb.  9,  1872.       »  Election  successfully  contested  by 
Thomas  Boles.       *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  S.  H.  Rogers. 

CALIFORNIA 

SENATORS. 
Eugene  Casserly San  Francisco.  |  Cornelius  Cole San  Francisco. 


186 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Coghlan  *  . . .  .Suisun  City.  |  Sherman  O.  Houghton  x. .  .San  Josd.  |  Aaron  A.  Sargent Nevada  City. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1871. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

"William  A.  Buckingham Norwich.  |  Orris  S.  Ferry Norwalk. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  H.  Barnum Lime  Rock. 

Joseph  Roswell  Hawley  * Hartford. 

Stephen  \V.  Kellogg  2 Waterbury. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Julius  L.  Strong,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1872. 

1872. 


Henry  H.  Starkweather Norwich. 

Julius  L.  Strong3 Hartford. 


Took  Ms  seat  Dec.  4, 1871.       »  Died  Sept.  7, 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Thomas  Francis  Bayard. "Wilmington.  |  Eli  Saulsbury Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Benjamin  T.  Biggs Summit  Ridge. 

FLORIDA. 
SENATORS. 

Abijah  Gilbert St.  Augustine.  |  Thomas  "W.  Osborn Pensacola. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Silas  L.  Niblack  1 |  Josiah  T.  "Walls  2 Gainesville. 

1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Josiah  T.  Walls ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29,  1873.       *  Election  successfully  contested  by 

Silas  L.  Niblack. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

Joshua  Hill Madison.  |  Thomas  Manson  Norwood1 Savannah. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Erasmus  \V.  Beck  2 Griffin.    A.  T.  Mclntyre4 Thomasville.    Richard  H.  "Whiteley  6 .  Bainbridge. 

John  Summerfield  Bigby  .Newnan.    William  P.  Price Dahlonega.    Pierce  M.  B.  Young  . .  .Cartersville. 

Dudley  M.  DuBose  8  .  .Washington.    Thomas  J.  Speer  5 Barnesville. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Foster  Blodgett;  took  his  seat  Dec.  10,  1871.  *  Elected  In  place  of  Thomas  J. 
Speer,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2. 1872.  a  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  S.  Fannin.  *  Election  unsuccessfully 
contested  by  Virgil  Hillyer.  6  Died  Aug.  18, 1872.  °  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Nelson  Tift. 

ILLINOIS. 
SENATORS. 

John  A.  Logan Carbondale.  |  Lyman  Trumbull Chicago. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  L.  Beveridge l Evanston.  Charles  B.  Farwell Chicago.  Jesse  H.  Moore .Decatnr. 

Horatio  C.  Burchard Freeport.  John  B.  Hawley Rock  Island.  Edward  Y.  Rice Hillsborough. 

Burton  C.  Cook Ottowa.  John  B.  Hay Belleville.  James  C.  Robinson Springfield. 

John  M.  Crebs Carmi.  Sain.  S.  Marshall. McLeansborough.  Henry  Snapp  2 Joliet. 

John  F.  Farnsworth. . .  .St.  Charles.  T.  W.  McNeely Petersburg.  Bradford  M.  Stevens Tiskilwa. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1871 ;  resigned  Jan.  4,  1873.       *  Took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1871. 

INDIANA. 
SENATORS. 

Oliver  P.  Morton Indianapolis.  |  Daniel  D.  Pratt Logansport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Coburn Indianapolis.    William  E.  Niblack Vincennes.  Daniel  W.  Voorhees  .  .Terre  Haute. 

William  S.  Holman Aurora.    Jasper  Packard La  Porto.  William  Williams Warsaw. 

Michael  C.  Kerr New  Albany.    John  P.  C.  Shanks Portland.  JeremiahM.  Wilson i.Counersvillo. 

Mahlou  D.  Manson. Crawfordsville.    James  N.  Tyner Peru. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  David  S.  Gooding. 

IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Harlan Mt.  Pleasant.  |  George  G.  Wright Des  Moines. 


THE  FORTY-SECOND   CONGRESS.  187 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Aylett  R.  Cotton Lyons.  I  George  W.  McCrary Keokuk.  I  Frank  W.  Palmer Des  Moines 

VV  illiam  G.  Donnan. Independence.  |  Jackson  Orr Montana.  |  Madison  M.  Walden  . . . Centreville. 

KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  Caldwell Leavenworth.  |  Samuel  C.  Pomeroy Atchison. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
David  P.  Lowe Fort  Scott. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


Garrett  Davis l Paris. 

Willis  B.  Machen2 Eddyville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  W.  Stevenson Covington. 


George  M.  Adams  . .  .Barboursville. 

William  E.  Arthur Covington. 

James  B.  Beck Lexington. 


Edward  Crossland Mayfield. 

Joseph  H.  Lewis Glasgow. 

Henry  D.  McHenry Hartford. 


William  B.  Read Hodgensville. 

John  M.  Rice Louisa. 

Boyd  Winchester Louisville. 


1  Died  Sept.  22, 1872.       2  Appointed  in  place  of  Garrett  Davis,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1872. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Kellogg New  Orleans.  |  J.  Rodman  West New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Aleck  Boarman  1 Shreveport.    Frank  Morey Monroe.  I  J.  Hale  Sypher New  Orleans. 

Chester  B.  Darrall Brashear.    Lionel  A.  Sheldon. . .  .New  Orleans.  | 

1  Elected  in  place  of  James  McCleary,  deceased  hi  1871 ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  3, 1872. 

MAINE. 
SENATORS. 

Hannibal  Hamlin Bangor.  |  Lot  M.  Morrill Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
James  G.  Blaine  * Augusta.    Eugene  Hale Ellsworth.  I  John  A.  Peters Bangor. 


William  P.  Frye Lewiston. 


John  Lynch Portland. 

Elected  speaker  March  4, 1871. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

William  T.  Hamilton Hagerstown.  |  George  Vickers Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Stevenson  Archer Belair.  I  William  M.  Merrick Ilchester.  I  Thomas  Swann Baltimore. 

Samuel  Hambleton Easton.  |  John  Ritchie Frederick  City.  | 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Charles  Sumner Bostou.  |  Henry  Wilson Natick. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  F.  Hoar Worcester. 

Samuel  Hopper Boston. 

Ginery  Twichell Brookline. 

William  B.  Washbura  4  .  Greeniield. 

1  Resigned  May  13,  1872.  2  Elected  in  place  of  William  B.  Washburn,  elected  governor;  took  his  seat  Feb.  14,  1872. 
8  Elected  in  place  of  George  M.  Brooks,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1872.  *  Resigned  Dec.  5,  1871,  having  been  elected 
governor. 

MICHIGAN. 
SENATORS. 

Zachariah  Chandler Detroit.  |  Thomas  W.  Ferry Grand  Haven. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Oakes  Ames North  Easton. 

Nathaniel  P.  Banks Waltham. 

George  M.  Brooks  * Concord. 

James  Buffiuton Fall  River. 


Benjamin  F.  Butler Lowell. 

Alvah  Crocker  2 Fitchburg. 

Henry  L.  Dawes Pittsiielu. 

Constantine 0.  Esty  3.Framingham. 


Austin  Blair Jackson.  I  Wilder  D.  Foster  l.  .Grand  Rapids. 


Jabez  G.  Sutherland Saginaw. 


Omar  D.  Conger Port  Huron.  |  William  L.  Stoughtou Sturgis.    Henry  Waldron Hillsdale. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Thomas  W.  Ferry,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4,  1871. 


188 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

Alexander  Ramsey St.  Paul.  |  William  Windom Winona. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  T.  Averill St.  Paul.  |  Mark  H.  Dunnell Owatonna. 


James  Lusk  Alcorn *. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
.Friar's  Point.  I  Adelbert  Ames. 


.Natchez. 


Henry  W.  Barry. 
George  E.  Hams. 


Columbus. 

Hernando. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

George  C.  McKee Vicksburg. 

Joseph  L.  Morphis Pontotoc. 

1  Took  Ms  seat  Dec.  4, 1871. 


Legrand  W.  Perce Natchez. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jun. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 
.St  Louis.  I  Carl  Schurz. 


.St.  Louis. 


James  G.  Blair Canton. 

Samuel  S.  Burdett Osceola. 

Abram  Comingo Independence. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Gustavus  A.  Finkelnburg.St.  Louis. 

Harrison  E.  Havens Springfield. 

Andrew  King St.  Charles. 


James  R.  McCormick Arcadia. 

Isaac  C.  Parker St.  Joseph. 

Erastus  Wells St.  Louis. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 
Phineas  W.  Hitchcock Omaha.  |  Thomas  W.  Tipton. 


.Brownville. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 
John  Taffe , Omaha. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nye Carson  City.  |  William  M.  Stewart Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Charles  West  Kendall Hamilton. 

NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin Lebanon.  |  James  W.  Patterson Hanover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Samuel  N.  Bell Manchester.  |  Ellery  A.  Hibbard Laconia.  |  Hosea  W.  Parker Claremont. 

NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen Newark.  |  John  P.  Stockton Trenton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  T.  Bird Flemington.     George  A.  Halsey Newark. 


Samuel  C.  Forker Bordentown. 


John  W.  Hazelton Mullica  Hill. 


John  Hill Boonton. 


Roscoe  Conkliug. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.Utica.  I  Reuben  E.  Fenton , 


.Jamestown. 


James  Brooks New  York. 

John  M.  Carroll Johnstown. 

Freeman  Clarke Rochester. 

Samuel  S.  Cox New  York. 

R.  Holland  Duell Cortland. 

Smith  Ely,  jun New  York. 

Milo  Goodrich Dryden. 

John  H.  Ketch  am Dover  Plains. 

Thomas  Kinsella Brooklyn. 

William  H.  Lamport .  Canandaigua. 
William  E.  Lansing. .  .Chittenango. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Clinton  L.  Merriam.  .Locust  Grove. 

Eli  Perry Albany. 

Clarkson  N.  Potter.  .New  Rochelle. 

Elizur  H.  Prindle Norwich. 

Ellis  H.  Roberts Utica. 

William  R.  Roberts New.  York. 

John  Rogers Black  Brook. 

Robert  B.  Roosevelt New  York. 

John  E.  Seeley Ovid. 

Walter  L.  Sessions Panama. 

Henry  W.  Slocuin Brooklyn. 


Horace  Boardman  Smith  . .  .Elmira. 

Charles  St.  John Port  Jervis. 

D  wight  Townsend Stapleton, 

Joseph  H.  Tuthill Ellenville. 

Seth  Wakeman Batavia. 

Joseph  M.  Warren Troy. 

William  A.  Wheeler Malone. 

William  Williams Buffalo. 

Fernando  Wood New  York. 


THE   FORTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 


189 


NOETH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

John  Pool Elizabeth  City.  |  Matt  W.  Eansom  1 , Weldon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Si  on  H.  Rogers  2 Raleigh.    Alfred  Moore  Waddell.  Wilmington. 

Francis  E.  Shober Salisbury. 

Charles  11.  Thomas Newberu. 

2  Took  his  seat  May  23, 1872 ;  election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  H.  Harris. 


Clinton  L.  Cobb Elizabeth  City. 

James  C.  Harper Patterson. 

James  M.  Leach Lexington. 

i  Took  his  seat  April  24, 1872. 


John  Sherman. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.Mansfield.  |  Allen  G.  Thurman 


.  Columbus. 


Jacob  A.  Ambler Salem. 

John  Beatty Cardington. 

John  A.  Bingham Cadiz. 

Lewis  D.  Campbell  * Hamilton. 

Ozro  T.  Dodds  2 Cincinnati. 

Charles  Foster Fostoria. 

James  A.  Gariield Hiram. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  N.  Lamison Lima. 

John  F.  McKinney Piqua. 

James  Monroe Oberlin. 

George  W.  Morgan Mt.  Vernon. 

Erasmus  D.  Peck Perrysburg. 

Aaron  F.  Perry  3 Cincinnati. 

Samuel  Shellabarger  . . .  Springheld. 


John  A.  Smith Hillsborough. 

Wm.  P.  Sprague .  .McConnellsville. 

Job  E.  Stevenson Cincinnati. 

William  H.  Upson Akron. 

Philadclph  Van  Trump.  .Lancaster. 
John  T.  Wilson Tranquillity. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested   by  R.  C.  Schenck. 

Dec.  2,  1872. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Aaron  F.  Perry,  resigned;  took  his  seat 
s  Resigned  in  1872. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  W.  Corbett Portland.  |  James  K.  Kelly Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  H.  Slater Le  Grande. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 
SENATORS. 

Simon  Cameron Harrisburg.  |  John  Scott Huntingdon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ephraim  L.  Acker Norristown.  AVilliam  D.  Kelley Philadelphia.  Samuel  J.  Randall. . .  .Philadelphia. 

Frank  C.  Burnell x  .  .Tunkliannock.  John  W.  Killinger Lebanon.    Glenni  W.  Scotield Warren. 

John  V.  Creely Philadelphia.  William  McClelland Newcastle.    Henry  Sherwood Wellsborough. 

Oliver  J.  Dickey Lancaster.  Ebenezer  McJuukin Butler.  Lazarus  D.  Shoemaker, 

Henry  D.  Foster Greensburg.  Ulysses  S.  Mercur  2 Towanda.  Wilkesbarre. 

J.  Lawrence  Getz Reading.  Benjamin  F.  Meyers3 Bedford.    R.  Milton  Speer Huntingdon. 

Samuel  Griffith Mercer.  Leonard  Myers Philadelphia.    John  B.  Storm Stroudsburgh. 

Richard  J.  Haldeman  .  .Harrisburg.  James  S.  Negley Pittsburg.  Washington  Townsend, 

Alfred  C.  Hanner Germantown.  John  B.  Packer S  anbury.  West  Chester. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Ulysses  S.  Mercur,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  7, 1873.        2  Resigned  Dec.  2, 1872.       »  Election  unsuccess 
fully  contented  by  John  Cessna. 

KHODE    ISLAND. 
SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony  1 Providence.  |  William  Sprague Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  T.  Eames Providence.  |  James  M.  Pendleton Westerly. 

*  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  10, 1871. 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  J.  Robertson Columbia.  |  Frederick  A.  Sawyer Charleston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  C.  De  Large  1 Charleston.  I  Joseph  H.  Rainey . . . . . Georgetown. 

Robert  Brown  Elliott  2 Columbia.  |  Alexander  S.  Wallace  3 \orkville. 

'  Election  contested  by  Christopher  C.  Bowen ;  seat  declared  vacant  Jan.  24. 1873.        *  Resigned  in  1873.       •  Election  unsuc 
cessfully  contested  by  I.  G.  Mclussick. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
'William  G.  Brownlow Kuoxville.  |  Henry  Cooper Nashville. 


190  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Morgan  Bright .  .Fayetteville. 

Roderick  R.  Butler Taylors ville. 

Robert  P.  CaldweU Trenton. 


Abraham  E.  Garrett Carthage. 

Edward  I.  Golladay Lebanon. 

Horace  Maynard Knoxville. 


"William  W.  Vaughan.  Brownsville. 
W.  C.  Whitthorne Columbia. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

James  "W.  Flanagan Flanagan's  Mills.  |  Morgan  C.  Hamilton Austin. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

"William  T.  Clark  1 Galveston.  I  DeWitt  C.  Giddings  2 Brenham.  I  William  S.  Herndon Tyler. 

John  G.  Conner Sherman.  |  John  Hancock Austin.  | 

i  Election  successfully  contested  by  D.  C.  Giddings.       2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  "William  T.  Clark;  took  his  seat 

May  13, 1872. 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds Burlington.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Stratford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Luke  P.  Poland St.  Johnsbury.  |  "Worthington  C.  Smith .  St.  Alban's.  |  Charles  "W.  Willard Montpelier. 

VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  "W.  Johnston Abingdon.  |  John  F.  Lewis Port  Republic. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


E.  M.  Braxton1 .  .Fredericksburgh. 

John  Critcher Oak  Grove. 

Richard  T.W.Duke.Charlottesville. 


John  T.  Harris Harrisonburg. 

James  H.  Platt,  jun.  . .  .Petersburg. 
Charles  H.  Porter Richmond. 


"Win.  H.  H.  Stowell. . .  .Manchester. 
William  Terry Wytheville. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Lewis  McKenzie. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
Arthur  I.  Boreman Parkersburg.  |  Henry  G.  Davis Piedmont. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  J.  Davis Clarksburg.  |  Frank  Hereford Union.  |  James  C.  McGrew Kingwood, 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Matthew  H.  Carpenter Milwaukee.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

J.  Allen  Barber Lancaster.  I  Gerry  W.  Hazelton Columbus.  I  Jeremiah  M.  Rusk Viroqua. 

Charles  A.  Eldredge. .  Fond  du  Lac.  |  Alexander  Mitchell Milwaukee.  |  Philetus  Sawyer Oshkosh. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Richard  C.  McCormick Tucson. 

COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jerome  B.  Chaffee Denver. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Moses  K.  Armstrong Yankton. 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

DELEGATE. 
Norton  P.  Chipman Washington  City. 

IDAHO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Samuel  A.  Merritt ,  Idaho  City. 


THE  FORTY-THIRD  CONGRESS.  191 

MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  H.  Claggett Deer  Lodge  City. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
Jose*  Manuel  Gallegos Santa  Fe*. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 
DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Hooper  1 Salt  Lake  City. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  G.  R.  Maxwell 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Selucius  Garfielde Olympia. 

WYOMING  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  T.  Jones Cheyenne. 


THE  FOBTY-THIKD  CONGRESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  1,  1873,  to  June  23, 1874.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  7, 1874.  to  March  4, 1875. 


Vice-President.  —HENRY  WILSON  of  Massachusetts.  Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.— MATTHEW  H. 
CAKPENTEK  of  Wisconsin,  elected  March  12,  1873,  in  special  session,  again  elected  March  2G,  1873,  again  elected 
Dec.  11,  1873,  and  again  elected  Dec.  23,  1874;  HENKY  B.  ANTHONY  of  Rhode  Island,  elected  Jan.  25,  1875,  and 
again  elected  Feb.  15,  1875.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  GEOKGE  C.  GOKHAM  of  California. 

Speaker  of  the  House.— JAMES  G.  ELAINE  of  Maine.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —  EDWAKD  MCPHEKSON  of  Penn 
sylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

George  Goldthwaite Montgomery.  |  George  E.  Spencer Decatur. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Frederick  G.  Bromberg Mobile. 

John  H.  Caldwell . . .  .Jacksonville. 
Charles  Hays Eutaw. 


Charles  Pelham Talladega. 

James  T.  Eapier Montgomery. 

Christopher  C.  Sheats Decatur. 


Joseph  H.  Sloss Tuscumbia. 

Alexander  White Selma. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Powell  Clayton Little  Rock.  |  Stephen  W.  Dorsey Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  M.  Gtmter  *  .  .Fayetteville.  I  William  J.  Hynes Little  Rock.    William  W.  Wilshire  *. Little  Rock. 

Asa  Hodges  2 Marion.  |  Oliver  P.  Bnyder" Pine  Bluff. 

i  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  W.  Wilshire;  took  his  seat  June  16,1874. 
tested  by  L.  C.  Gause ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  4, 1874.       »  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  M.  L.  Bell 
contested  by  Thomas  M.  Gunter. 


192 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

Eugene  Casserly  1 San  Francisco.    Aaron  A.  Sargent Nevada  City. 

John  S.  Hager  2  ..,,,,.,,,, San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Clayton San  Francisco. 

Sherman  O.  Houghton San  Jose. 


John  K.  Luttrell Santa  Rosa. 

Horace  F.  Page Placerville. 


Resigned  Nov.  29, 1873. 


2  Elected  in  place  of  Eugene  Casserly,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  9, 1874. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


"William  A.  Buckingham  * Norwich. 


Orris  S.  Ferry . Norwalk. 


•William  W.  Eaton2 Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

William  H.  Barnum Lime  Rock.  I  Stephen  W.  Kellogg Waterbury. 

Joseph  R.  Hawley Hartford.  |  Henry  H.  Starkweather Norwich. 

1  Died  Feb.  6, 1875.       2  Appointed  in  place  of  William  A.  Buckingham,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Feb.  13, 1875. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Thomas  F.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Eli  Saulsbury Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  R.  Lofland Milf ord. 

FLORIDA. 
SENATORS. 

Simon  B.  Conover Tallahassee.  |  Abijah  Gilbert St.  Augustine. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Purman  * Tallahassee.  |  Josiah  T.  Walls Gainesville. 

1  Resigned  Feb.  16,  1875. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  B.  Gordon • Atlanta.  |  Thomas  Manson  Norwood Savannah. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Hiram  P.  Bell Corning.    Henry  R.  Harris1 Greenville.    Richard  H.  Whiteley . .  .Bainbridge. 

James  H.  Blount Macon.    Morgan  Rawls2 Guyton.    Pierce  M.  B.  Young Cartersville. 

Philip  Cook Americus.    Andrew  Sloan  s Savannah. 

James  C.  Freeman Griffin.    Alex.  H.  Stephens. .  .Crawfordville. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  M.  Bethune.       z  Election  successfully  contested  by  Andrew  Sloan.       8  Successfully 
contested  the  election  of  Morgan  Rawls ;  took  his  seat  March  24,  1874. 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

John  A.  Logan Chicago.  |  Richard  J.  Oglesby , Decatur. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Granville  Barrere Canton.  Charles  B.  Farwell Chicago.  John  McNulta Bloomington. 

Horatio  C.  Burchard Free  port.  Greenbury  L.  Fort Lacon.  William  R.  Morrison Waterloo. 

Joseph  G.  Cannon Tuscola.  John  B.  Hawley Rock  Island.  William  H.  Ray Rushville. 

Barnard  G.  Cauliield  l Chicago.  Stephen  A.  Hurlbut Belvidere.  John  B.  Rice  2 Chicago. 

Isaac  Clements Carbondale.  Robert  M.  Knapp Jersey ville.  James  C.  Robinson Springfield. 

Franklin  Corwin Peru.  Samuel  S.  Marshall.  .McLeansboro'.  Jasper  D.  Ward Chicago. 

John  R.  Eden Sullivan.  James  S.  Martin Salem. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  John  B.  Rice,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Feb.  1, 1875.       2  Died  Dec.  16, 1874. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Oliver  P.  Morton Indianapolis.  |  Daniel  D.  Pratt Logansport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  J.  Cason Lebanon.    Godlove  S.  Orth Lafayette.  William  Williams Warsaw. 

John  Coburn Indianapolis.    Jasper  Packard La  Porte.  Jeremiah  M.  Wilson.  .Connersville. 

William  S.  Holnian Aurora.    Henry  B.  Sayler Huntingdon.  Simeon  K.  Wolfe New  Albany. 

Morton  C.  Hunter Bloomington.    John  P.  C.  Shanks l Portland. 

William  E.  Niblack Vincennes.    James  N.  Tyner Peru. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  E.  Neflt. 


THE  FORTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


193 


"William  B.  Allison. 


Aylett  R.  Cotton Lyons. 

"William  G.  Donnan. Independence. 
John  A.  Kasson Des  Moines. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

• Dubuque.  |  George  G.  "Wright. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Loughridge Oskaloosa. 

George  W.  McCrary Keokuk. 

James  W.  McDill Afton. 


.Des  Moines. 


Jackson  Orr Boone. 

Henry  O.  Pratt Charles  City. 

James  Wilson Traer. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 


Alexander  Caldwell l Leavenworth. 

Robert  Crozier  2 Leavenworth. 


James  M.  Harvey  « Vinton. 

John  James  Ingalls Atchison. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Stephen  Alonzo  Cobb.  .Wyandotte.  |  David  P.  Lowe Port  Scott.  |  William  A,  Phillips Salina. 

*  Resigned  March  24, 1873.       »  Appointed  in  place  of  Alexander  Caldwell,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1,  1873        »  Elected  in 
place  of  Alexander  Caldwell,  resigned,  Robert  Crozier  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.;  took  his  seat  Feb.  12, 1874. 

KENTUCKY. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  C.  McCreery  1 Owensborough.  |  John  W.  Stevenson Covington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  M.  Adams  . . .  Barboursville. 


William  E.  Arthur Covington. 

James  B.  Beck Lexington. 

John  Young  Brown . . .  .Henderson. 


Edward  Crossland Mayfield. 


Milton  J.  Durham Danville. 

Charles  "W.  Milliken Franklin. 

William  B.  Read Hodgensville. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  M.  Burns. 


Elisha  D.  Standiford  . . .  .Louisville. 
John  D.  Young  1 Owensville. 


J.  Rodman  West. 


LOUISIANA, 

SENATORS. 
.New  Orleans.  |  Vacant. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Chester  B.  Darrall Brashear.  I  Lionel  A.  Sheldon  *. .  .New  Orleans. 

Frank  Morey Monroe.  |  George  A.  Sheridan  2 


George  L.  Smith  8  ......  Shreveport. 

J.  Hale  Sypher  *  ......  New  Orleans. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Randall  L.  Gibson  ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2,  1873.       2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested 
by  P.  B.  S.  Pinchback;  took  his  seat  Much  3,  1875.       »  Election  unsu 


Dec.  3, 1873. 


ccessfully  contested  by  E.G.  Davidson;  took  his  seat 
*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  E.  Lawrence ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  2, 1873. 


MAINE. 
SENATORS. 
Hannibal  Hamlin Bangor.  |  Lot  M.  Morrill . . , 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  G.  Blaine  1 Augusta.  I  "William  P.  Frye Lewiston. 

John  H.  Burleigh  .  .South  Berwick.  |  Eugene  Hale Ellsworth. 


Augusta. 

Samuel  F.  Hersey  3 Bangor. 


Elected  speaker  Dec.  2, 1873.       a  Died  Feb.  3. 1875. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

George  R.  Dennis Kingston.  |  William  T.  Hamilton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Hagerstown. 


William  J.  Albert Baltimore. 

Stevenson  Archer Belair. 


Lloyd  Lowndes,  jun.  .  Cumberland. 
William  J.  O'Brien Baltimore. 


Thomas  Swann Baltimore. 

Ephraim  K.  Wilson Snow  Hill. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

George  S.  Boutwell1 Groton.  I  William  B.  Washburn8. 

Charles  Stunner  2 Boston.  | 


.Greenfield. 


James  Buffinton Fall  River. 

Benjamin  F.  Butler Lowell. 

Alvah  Crocker4 Fitchburg. 

i  Henry  L.  Dawes Pittsneld. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  "W.  Gooch Melrose. 

Benj.  W.  Harris. East  Bridgewater. 

E.  Rockwood  Hoar Concord. 

George  F.  Hoar Worcester. 


Samuel  Hooper5.  ...........  Boston. 


Henry  L.  Pierce  ............  Boston. 

6 


Charles  A.  Stevens  6  ..........  Ware. 

John  M.  S.  Williams...  .Cambridge. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  Wilson,  elected  Vice-President ;  took  Ms  seat  March  17, 1873. 
In  place  of  Charles  Smniicr,  deceased;  took  his  seat  May  1,  1874.  *  Died  Dec.  26, 1874. 
place  of  Alvali  Crocker,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Jau.  27, 1ST5. 


»  Died  March  11, 1874.       »  Elected 
s  Died  Feb.  14, 1875.       6  Elected  iu 


194 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Zachariah  Chandler.. 


MICHIGAN 

SENATORS. 
.Detroit.  |  Thomas  "W.  Ferry  , 


.Grand  Haven. 


Josiali  W.  Begole Flint. 

Nathan  B.  Bradley Bay  City. 

Julius  C.  Burrows Kalamazoo. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Omar  D.  Conger Port  Huron. 

Moses  W.  Field Detroit. 

Jay  A.  Hubbell Houghton. 


Henry  Waldron Hillsdalo. 

George  Willard Battle  Creek. 

William  B.  Williams  * Allegan. 


Alexander  Ramsey . 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Wilder  D.  Foster,  deceased  in  1873;  took  his  seat  Dec.  1, 1873. 

MESTNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

St.  Paul.  |  William  Windom Winona. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  T.  Averill St.  Paul  |  Mark  H.  Dunnell Owatonna.  |  Horace  B.  Strait Shakopee. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

James  L.  Alcorn Friar's  Point.    Henry  R.  Pease2 Jackson. 

Adelbert  Ames * Natchez. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  W.  Barry Columbus.  I  Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar Oxford.  I  George  C.  McKee Vicksburg. 

Albert  R.  Howe Sardis.  |  John  R.  Lynch Natchez.  |  Jason  Niles Kosciusko. 

1  Resigned  1874.       »  Elected  in  place  of  Adelbert  Ames,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Feb.  12, 1874. 

MISSOURI. 

• 

SENATORS. 
Lewis  V.  Bogy St.  Louis.  |  Carl  Schurz St.  Louis. 


Richard  P.  Bland Lebanon. 

Aylett  H.  Buckner Mexico. 

John  B.  Clark,  jun Fayette. 

Abram  Comingo  . . .  .Independence. 
Thos.  T.  Critteuden.  .Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Glover La  Grange. 

llobert  A.  Hatcher New  Madrid. 

Harrison  E.  Havens Springfield. 

Ira  B.  Hyde Princeton. 

Isaac  C.  Parker St.  Joseph. 


Edwin  O.  Stanard St.  Louis. 

William  H.  Stone St.  Louis. 

Erastus  Wells St.  Louis. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 
Phineas  W.  Hitchcock Omaha.  |  Thomas  W.  Tipton Brownsville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Lorenzo  Crounse Fort  Calhoun. 

NEVADA. 

'                                                                       SENATORS. 
John  P.  Jones Gold  HilL  |  William  M.  Stewart Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Charles  W.  Kendall Hamilton. 

NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin Lebanon.  |  Bainbridge  Wadleigh Milford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Hosea  W.  Parker Claremont.  |  Austin  F.  Pike Franklin.  |  William  B.  Small . . .  .New  Market. 

NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen Newark.  |  John  P.  Stockton Trenton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ames  Clark,  jun Elizabeth.    John  W.  Hazelton ....  Mullica  Hill.    Marcus  L.  Ward Newark. 

Samuel  A.  Dobbins  .  .Mount  Holly.     William  W.  Phelps Englewood. 

Robert  Hamilton Newton.     Isaac  W.  Scudder. ....  .Jersey  City. 


THE  FORTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


195 


Boscoe  Conkling. 


NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.  TTtiea.  |  Reuben  E.  Fenton 


.  Jamestown. 


Lyman  K.  Bass Buffalo. 

Simeon  B.  Chittenden 1 .  .Brooklyn. 

Freeman  Clarke Rochester. 

Samuel  S.  Cox New  York. 

Thomas  J.  Creamer New  York. 


lip  S.  ( 
fid  M. 


David  M.  DeWitt Kingston. 

R.  Holland  Duell Cortland. 

Robert  S.  Hale Elizabethtown. 

H.  H.  Hathorn.. .  .Saratoga  Springs. 

George  G.  Hoskins Attica. 

"VVm.  H.  Lamport Canandaigua. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  Stewart  L.  Woodford 
David  B.  Hellish, 


Augustus  S.  Merrimon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wm.  E.  Lansing Chittenango. 

John  D.  Lawson New  York. 

Clinton  D.  MacDougall. . .  .Auburn. 

David  B.  Hellish  2 New  York. 

Clinton  L.  Merriam.  .Locust  Grove. 

Eli  Perry Albany. 

Thomas  C.  Platt Owego. 

Clarkson  N.  Potter  .  .  New  Rochelle. 

Ellis  H.  Roberts Utica. 

William  R.  Roberts New  York. 

Richard  Schell« New  York. 

John  G.  Schumaker Brooklyn. 

,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1874. 
deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7, 1874. 

NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
Raleigh.  |  Matt  "W.  Ransom. 


Henry  J.  Scudder New  York. 

Walter  L.  Sessions Panama. 

James  S.  Smart Cambridge. 

H.  Boardman  Smith Elinira. 

Charles  St.  John Port  Jervis. 

Lyman  Tremain Albany. 

William  A.  Wheeler Malone. 

John  O.  Whitehouse .  Poughkeepsie. 

David  Wilber Milford. 

Fernando  Wood New  York. 

Stewart  L.  Woodford4. .  -Brooklyn. 


Died  May  23, 1874. 
Resigned  in  1874. 


s  Elected  in  place  of 


.Weldon. 


Thomas  S.  Ashe. . .  ."Wadesborough. 
Clinton  L.  Cobb  . . .  .Elizabeth  City. 
James  M.  Leach Lexington. 


John  Sherman. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  M.  Robbins. . . .  Statesville. 

William  A.  Smith Princeton. 

Charles  R.  Thomas Newbern. 

OHIO. 

SENATORS. 

Mansfield.  I  Allen  G.  Thurman 


Robert  B.  Vance Asheville. 

Alfred  M.  WaddeU. . .  .Wilmington. 


.Columbus. 


Henry  B.  Banning Cincinnati. 

John  Berry Upper  Sandusky. 

Hezekiah  S.  Bundy.. .  .Reed's  Mills. 

Lorenzo  Danford St.  Clairsville. 

William  E.  Finck 1 Somerset. 

Charles  Foster Fostoria. 

James  A.  Garfield Hiram. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lewis  B.  Gunckel Dayton. 

Hugh  J.  Jewett 2 Columbus. 

Charles  N.  Lamison Lima. 

William  Lawrence. .  .Bellefontaine. 

James  Monroe Oberlin. 

Lawrence  T.  Neal Chillicothe. 

Richard  C.  Parsons Cleveland. 


James  W.  Robinson Marysville. 

Milton  Sayler Cincinnati. 

Isaac  R.  Sherwood Bryan. 

John  Q.  Smith Oakland. 

Milton  I.  Southard Zanesville. 

Wm.  P.  Sprague  .  .McConnellsville. 
Laurin  D.  Wood  worth .  Youngstown. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Hugh  J.  Jewett,  resigned ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  7,  1874.        2  Resigned  in  1874. 

OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

James  K.  Kelly Portland.  |  John  H.  Mitchell Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  W.  Nesmith l Ricreal. 

1  Elected  in  place  of  J.  G.  Wilson,  deceased  in  1873,  having  never  taken  his  seat. 


Simon  Cameron. 


Charles  Albright Mauch  Clmnk. 

James  S.  Biery Allentown. 

John  Cessna Bedford. 

Hiester  Clymer Reading. 

Carlton  B.  Curtis Erie. 

Alfred  C.  Ilarmer Germantown. 

William  D.  Kelley Philadelphia. 

John  W.  Killiuger Lebanon. 

John  A.  Magee New  Bloomlield. 

Ebenezer  McJunkin J Butler. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 

Harrisburg.  |  John  Scott 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  S.  Moore Washington. 

Leonard  Myers Philadelphia. 

James  S.  Negley Pittsburg. 

Charles  O'Neill Philadelphia. 

John  B.  Packer Sunbury. 

Samuel  J.  Randall Philadelphia. 

Hiram  L.  Richmond Meadville. 

Sobieski  Ross Coudersport. 

Glcnni  W.  Scofleld Warren. 

L.  D.  Shoemaker Wilkesbarre. 


.Huntingdon. 


A.  Herr  Smith Lancaster. 

R.  Milton  Speer Huntingdon. 

John  B.  Storm Stroudsburg. 

James  D.  Strawbridge Danville. 

Alexander  W.  Taylor Indiana. 

John  M.  Thompson  2 Butler. 

Lemuel  Todd Carlisle. 

Washington  Townsend, 

West  Chester. 


Resigned  Jan.  1, 1875,  having  been  elected  district  judge.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Ebenezer  McJunkin,  resigned;  took  his  seat 

Jan.  5,  1875. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  B.  Anthony Providence.  |  William  Sprague 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Benjamin  T.  Eames Providence.  |  James  M.  Pendleton Westerly. 


.Providence. 


196 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  J.  Patterson. . 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
..Columbia.  |  Thomas  J.  Robertson. 


.Columbia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  H.  Cain Columbia.  I  Robert  B.  Elliott 2 Columbia.  I  Alonzo  J.  Ransier Charleston. 

Lewis  C.  Carpenter  * Columbia.  |  Joseph  H.  Rainey Georgetown.  |  Alexander  S.  Wallace.. . .  Yorkville. 

»  Elected  in  place  of  Robert  B.  Elliott,  resigned ;  took  Ms  seat  Dec.  7, 1874.       *  Resigned  in  1874. 


"William  G.  Brownlow. 


John  D.  C.  Atkins Paris. 

John  M.  Bright Fayetteville. 

Roderick  R.  Butler. . .  .Taylorsville. 
William  Crutclmeld  .  .Chattanooga. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Knoxville.  |  Henry  Cooper.. . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Horace  H.  Harrison Nashville. 

Barbour  Lewis Memphis. 

Horace  Maynard Knoxville. 

David  A.  Nunn Brownsville. 


.Nashville. 


Jacob  M.  Thornburgh. .  .Knoxville. 
Washington  C.  Whitthorne, 

Columbia. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

James  W.  Flanagan Flanagan's  Mills.  |  Morgan  C.  Hamilton Austin. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


DeWitt  C.  Giddings Brenham.  I  William  S.  Herndon Tyler. 

John  Hancock. Austin.    Wm.  P.  McLean. .  .Mount  Pleasant. 


Roger  Q.  Mills Corsicana. 

Asa  H.  Willie Galveston. 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds Burlington.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
George  W.  Hendee Morrisville.  |  Luke  P.  Poland St.  Johnsbury.  |  Charles  W.  Willard....Montpelier. 


John  W.  Johnston.. 


Rees  T.  Bowen Maiden  Spring. 

Alexander  M.  Davis,1 

Independence. 
John  T.  Harris Harrisonburg. 


VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

Abingdon.  |  John  F.  Lewis  . . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Eppa  Hun  ton Warrenton. 

James  H.  Platt,  jun Norfolk. 

James  B.  Sener. . .  .Fredericksburg. 
J.  Ambler  Smith Richmond. 


.Port  Republic. 


Wm.  H.  H.  Stowell Burke ville. 

Christopher  Y.  Thomas,2 

Martinsville. 
Thomas  Whitehead . .  Amherst  C.H. 


1  Election  successf ally  contested  by  Christopher  Y.  Thomas.       2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Alexander  M.  Davis ; 

took  bis  seat  March  5, 1874. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
Arthur  I.  Boreman Parkersburg.  |  Henry  G.  Davis Piedmont. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  J.  Davis  1 Clarksburg.  |  John  M.  Hagans  2 Morgantown.  |  Frank  Hereford Union. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Benjamin  Wilson ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1874.       *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by 

Benjamin  F.  Martin ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  27, 1874. 


Matthew  H.  Carpenter  *. 


.Green  Bay. 


WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Milwaukee.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alexander  S.  McDill Plover. 

Alexander  Mitchell . . .  .Milwaukee. 
Jeremiah  M.  Rusk Viroqua. 

1  Elected  president  pro  tern.  March  12, 1873. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Richard  C.  McConnick. Tucson. 


J.  Allen  Barber Lancaster. 

Charles  A  Eldridge.  .Fond  du  Lac. 
Gerry  W.  Hazelton Columbus. 


Philetus  Sawyer Oshkosh. 

Charles  G.  Williams. . .  Jaynesville. 


THE  FORTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS.  197 

COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jerome  B.  Chaffee Denver. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Moses  K.  Armstrong Yankton. 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

DELEGATE. 
Norton  P.  Chipman. "Washington. 

IDAHO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
JohnHailey Boise  City. 

MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Martin  Maginnis. • Helena. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
Stephen  B.  Elkins Santa  F6. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Q.  Cannon  1 Salt  Lake  City. 

i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  R.  Maxwell. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Obadiah  B.  McFadden Olympia. 

WYOMING  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
"William  R.  Steele Cheyenne. 


THE  FOKTY-FOURTH  CONGKESS. 


First  Session,  from  Dec.  6,  1875,  to  Aug.  15,  1876.     Second  Session,  from  Dec.  4,  1876,  to  March  3,  1877. 


Vice-President.'1  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tcmpore.  —  THOMAS  "W.  FEEEY  of  Michigan,  elected  March  9, 
1875,  in  special  session ;  again  elected  March  19,  1875 ;  and  again  elected  Dec.  20, 1875.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  — 
GEOEGE  C.  GOEHAM  of  California. 

Speakers  of  the  House.  —  MICHAEL  C.  KEEE2  of  Indiana;  SAMUEL  J.  RANDALL  of  Pennsylvania,  elected 
Dec.  4,  1876.  Clerk  of  the  House.  —GEOEGE  M.  ADAMS  of  Kentucky,  elected  Dec.  6,  1875. 

i  Henry  Wilson,  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  died  Nov.  22, 1875.       »  Died  Aug.  19, 1876. 


ALABAMA. 
SENATORS. 

George  Goldthwaite Montgomery.  |  George  E.  Spencer Decatur. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Taul  Bradford Talladega. 

John  H.  Caldwell . . ..  Jacksonville. 
William  H.  Forney. .  .Jacksonville. 


Jere  Haralson  * Selma. 

Charles  Hays .Haysville. 

Goldsmith  W.  Hewitt.  Birmingham. 


Burwell  B.  Lewis Tuscaloosa. 

Jeremiah  N.  Williams Clayton. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  F.  G.  Bromberg. 


198  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

ARKANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

Powell  Clayton Little  Rock.  |  Stephen  "W.  Dorsey Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lucien  C.  Gause Jacksonport.  I  William  F.  Siemens Monticello. 

Thomas  M.  Gunter Fayetteville.  |  William  W.  Wilshire Little  Rock. 

CALIFORNIA 
SENATORS. 

Newton  Booth Sacramento.  |  Aaron  A.  Sargent Nevada  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


John  K.  Luttrell Santa  Rosa. 

Horace  Francis  Page Placerville. 


William  A.  Piper San  Francisco. 

Peter  Dinwiddie  Wigginton Merced. 


COLORADO 

SENATORS. 
Jerome  B.  Chaffee1 Denver.  |  Henry  M.  Teller1 Central  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  B.  Belford2 Central  City. 

1  Took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1876.       2  Took  his  seat  Jan.  31, 1877. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

William  H.  Barnum l Lime  Rook.  I  James  E.  English  2  New  Haven. 

William  W.  Eaton Hartford.  |  Orris  S.  Ferry  ? Norwalk. 


William  H.  Barmim  *  . .  Lime  Rock. 
George  M.  Landers  . .  .New  Britain. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Phelps Essex. 

Henry  H.  Starkweather  4 .  Norwich. 


John  Turner  Wait 6 Norwich. 

Levi  Warner  6 Norwalk. 


1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Orris  S.  Ferry,  deceased,  James  E.  English  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat 
May  22.  1876.  2  Appointed  in  place  of  Orris  S.  Ferry,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  8,  1875.  3  Died  Nov.  23, 1875.  *  Died 
Jan.  28,  1876.  B  Elected  in  place  of  Henry  H.  Starkweather,  deceased;  took  his  seat  April  12, 1876.  6  Elected  in  place  of 
William  H.  Barnum,  elected  senator;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 1876. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
Thomas  F.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Eli  Saulsbury Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  Williams Kenton. 

FLORIDA. 
SENATORS. 

Simon  B.  Conover Tallahassee.  |  Charles  W.  Jones Pensacola. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Jesse  J.  Finley l Jacksonville  |  William  J.  Purman Tallahassee.  |  Josiah  T.  Walls  2 Gainesville. 

1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Josiah  T.  Walls ;  took  his  seat  April  19,  1876.     *  Election  successfully  contested  by 

Jesse  J.  Finley. 

GEORGIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  B.  Gordon Atlanta.  |  Thomas  Manson  Norwood Savannah. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  H.  Blount Macon. 

Milton  A.  Caudler Atlanta. 

Philip  Cook Americus. 


William  H.  Felton Cartersville. 

Henry  R.  Harris Greenville. 

Julian  Hartridge Savannah. 


Benjamin  H.  Hill  1 Atlanta. 

William  E.  Smith Albany. 

A.  H.  Stephens Crawfordville. 


1  Elected  hi  place  of  Garrett  McMillan,  deceased  in  1875;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1875. 
ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
John  A.  Logan Chicago.  |  Richard  J.  Oglesby Decatur. 


THE  FORTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


199 


"William  B.  Anderson.  .Elk  Prairie. 

John  C.  Bagby Rushville. 

Horatio  C.  Bun-hard Freeport. 

Alexander  Campbell La  Salle. 

Joseph  G.  Cannon Danville. 

Barnard  G.  Caulrield Chicago. 

John  R.  Eden Sullivan. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  B.  Farwell l Chicago. 

Greenbury  L.  Fort Lacon. 

Carter  H.  Harrison Chicago. 

"William  Hart/.ell Chester. 

Thomas  J.  Henderson. .  .Princeton. 

Stephen  A.  Hurlbut Belvidere. 

William  R.  Morrison "Waterloo. 


J.  V.  Le  Moyne  2 Chicago. 

William  A.  J.  Sparks Carlyle. 

William  M.  Springer Spvinglield. 

Adlai  E.  Stevenson. . . Blooniington. 

Richard  H.  Whiting Peoria. 

Scott  Wike Pittstield. 


1  Election  successfully  contested  by  J.  V.  Le  Moyne.        2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Charlea  B.  Farwell;  took  Ida 

seat  May  6, 1876. 


Joseph  E.  McDonald 


John  H.  Baker Goshen. 

Nathan  T.  Carr  1 Columbus. 

Thomas  J.  Cason Lebanon. 

Jamea  L.  Evans Noblesville. 

Benoni  S.  Fuller Boonville. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

. . .  .Indianapolis.  |  Oliver  P.  Morton 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  H.  Hamilton. Fort  Wayne. 
William  S.  Hayinond  . .  .Monticello. 

W.  S.  Holinaii Aurora. 

Andrew  Humphreys  2 

Morton  C.  Hunter Blooniington. 


.Indianapolis. 


Michael  C.  Kerr  8 New  Albany. 

Franklin  Landers Indianapolis. 

Jeptha  D.  New Vernon. 

Milton  S.  Robinson Anderson. 

James  D.  Williams4 Wheatlaud. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Michael  C.  Kerr,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5,  1876.  2  Elected  in  place  of  Jamos  D.  Williams, 
resigned;  took  his  scat  Dec.  6,  1876.  8  Elected  speaker  Dec.  6, 1875;  died  Aug.  19, 1876.  *  Resigned  in  1876,  having  been 
elected  governor  of  Indiana. 


William  B.  Allison. 


L.  L.  Ainsworth West  Union. 

John  A.  Kasson Des  Moines. 

George  W.  McCrary Keokuk. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

Dubuque.  |  George  G.  Wright 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Wilson  McDill Afton. 

Addison  Oliver Onawa. 

Henry  O.  Pratt Charles  City. 


.Des  Moines. 


Ezekiel  S.  Sampson Sigourney. 

John  Q.  Tufts. . .  .Wilton  Junction. 
James  Wilson Traer. 


KANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

James  M.  Harvey Vinton.  |  John  James  Ingalls Atchison. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  R.  Brown  . . .  .Hutchinson.  |  John  R.  Goodin Humboldt.  |  William  A.  Phillips Salina. 


Thomas  C.  McCreery. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn.  .Versailles. 

Andrew  R.  Boone Mayiield. 

John  Young  Brown  . . .  .Henderson. 
John  B.  Clarke Brooksville. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
.  Owensborough.  |  John  W.  Stevenson . 


REPRES  ENT  ATI  VES . 

Milton  J.  Durham Danville. 

Thomas  L.  Jones Newport. 

J.  Proctor  Knott Lebanon. 

Charles  W.  Milliken Franklin. 


.Covington. 


Edward  Y.  Parsons  1 . . .  .Louisville. 

Henry  Watterson2 Louisville. 

John  D.  White Manchester. 


1  Died  July  8, 1876.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Edward  Y.  Parsons,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Aug.  12, 1876. 


J.  R.  West 


Chester  B.  Darrall Brashear. 

E.  John  Ellis New  Orleans. 

Randall  L.  Gibson New  Orleans. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
— New  Orleans.  |  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
William  M.  Levy Natchitoches. 


William  B.  Spencer2 Vidalia. 


Frank  Morey  * Monroe. 

Charles  E.  Nash Washington. 

Election  successfully  contested  by  William  B.  Spencer.       2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Frank  Morey;  took  hia 

seat  June  8, 1876;  resigned  Jan.  8, 1877. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

James  G.  Blaine  1 Augusta.    Lot  M.  Morrill2 Augusta. 

Hannibal  Hamlin Bangor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  G.  Blame* Augusta.  I  Edwin Flye8 New  Castle.  I  Eugene  Hale Ellsworth. 

JohnH.  Burleigh  ..South  Berwick.  |  William  P.  Frye Lewiston.  |  Harris  M.  Plaisted* Bangor. 

i  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Lot  M.  Morrill. Designed ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1876.       *  Resigned  July  7, 1870,  having  been 
appointed  secretary  of  the  treasury.       »  Elected  in  place  of  James  G.  Blaine,  resigned;  took  his  seat  Dec.  5, 18<6. 
in  place  of  SamuerF.  Hersey,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1875. 


200 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MARYLAND. 
SENATORS. 

George  R.  Dennis Kingston.  |  "William  Pinckney  Whyte Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Eli  J.  Henkle Brooklyn. 

William  J.  O'Brien Baltimore. 


George  S.  Boutwell. 


Charles  B.  Roberts  . .  ."Westminster.  I  Philip  F.  Thomas Easton. 

Thomas  Swann Baltimore.  |  William  Walsh Cumberland. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
Groton.  1  Henry  L.  Dawes Pittsfield. 


Josiah  G.  Abbott1 Boston. 

Nathaniel  P.  Banks Waltham. 

Chester  W.  Chapin Springfield. 

William  W.  Crapo2.  .New  Bedford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ruf  us  S.  Frost  3 Chelsea. 

Benj.  W.  Harris  .  ..E.  Bridge  water. 

George  F.  Hoar Worcester. 

Henry  L.  Pierce Boston. 


Julius  H.  Seelye Amherst. 

John  K.  Tarfiox Lawrence. 

Charles  P.  Thompson. .  .Gloucester. 
William  Wirt  Warren Boston. 


1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Ruf  us  S.  Frost;  took  his  seat  July  28, 1876.       2  Elected  in  place  of  James  Buffinton, 
deceased  in  1875;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1875.       3  Election  successfully  contested  by  Josiah  G.  Abbott. 


Isaac  P.  Christiancy. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

,  .Lansing.  |  Thomas  W.  Ferry  1 , 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


.Grand  Haven. 


Nathan  B.  Bradley Bay  City. 

Omar  D.  Conger Port  Huron. 

George  H.  Durand Flint. 


Jay  A.  Hubbell Houghton. 

Allen  Potter Kalaraazoo. 

Henry  Waldron Hillsdale. 

1  President  pro  tern. 


George  Willard ..Battle  Creek. 

Alpheus  S.  Williams Detroit. 

William  B.  Williams Allegan. 


MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

SamuelJ.  R.  McMillan St.  Paul.  |  William  Windom Winona. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Mark  H,  Dunnell Owatonna.  |  William  S.  King Minneapolis.  |  Horace  B.  Strait * Shakopee. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  E.  S.  Cox. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
Friar's  Point.  |  Blanche  K.  Bruce Floreyville. 


Charles  E.  Hooker Jackson. 

Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar Oxford. 


Lewis  V.  Bogy. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

JohnR.  Lynch Natchez.  I  Otho  R.  Singleton Canton. 

Hernando  De  Soto  Money. Winona.  |  G.  Wiley  Wells Holly  Springs. 

MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 
St.  Louis.  |  Francis  M.  Cockrell Warrensburg. 


Richard  P.  Bland Lebanon. 

Aylett  H.  Buckner Mexico. 

John  B.  Clark,  jun Fayette. 

Rezin  A.  DeBolt Trenton. 

Benjamin  J.  Franklin. Kansas  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Glover La  Grange. 

Robert  A.  Hatcher New  Madrid. 

Edward  C.  Kehr St.  Louis. 

Charles  H.  Morgan Lamar. 

John  F.  Phillips Sedalia. 


David  Rea 

William  H.  Stone. 
Erastus  Wells 


Savannah. 

St.  Louis. 

, St.  Louis. 


Phineas  W.  Hitchcock , 
Lorenzo  Crounse 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

..Omaha.  |  Algernon  S.  Paddock 
REPRESENTATIVE. 


Beatrice. 

.Fort  Calhoun. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

John  P.  Jones Gold  Hill.  |  William  Sharon Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
William  Woodburn Virginia  City. 


THE  FORTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


201 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin Lebanon.  |  Bainbridge  Wadleigh Milf ord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Samuel  N.  Bell Manchester.  |  Henry  W.  Blair Plymouth.  |  Frank  Jones Portsmouth. 


NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen Newark.  |  Theodore  F.  Randolph Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Augustus  W.  Cutler. .  .Morristown. 
Samuel  A.  Dobbins  .  .Mount  Holly. 
Robert  Hamilton Newton. 


Augustus  A  Hardenbergh, 

Jersey  City. 
Miles  Ross New  Brunswick. 


Clement  H.  Sinnickson Salem. 

Frederick  H.  Teese Newark. 


Roscoe  Conkling. 


NEW    YORK. 

SENATORS. 
.Utica.  |  Francis  Kernan. 


Charles  H.  Adams Cohoes. 

George  A.  Bagley Watertown. 

John  H.  Bagley,  jun Catskill. 

William  H.  Baker Constantia. 

Lyman  K.  Bass Buffalo. 

George  M.  Beebe Monticello. 

Archibald  M.  Bliss Brooklyn. 

Simeon  B.  Chittenden  ..  .Brooklyn. 

Samuel  S.  Cox New  York. 

John  M.  Davy .Rochester. 

Smith  Ely,  jun.1 New  York. 

David  Dudley  Field2  . .  .New  York. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

H.  H.  Hathorn. .  .Saratoga  Springs. 

Abram  S.  Hewitt New  York. 

George  G.  Hoskins Attica. 

Elbridge  G.  Lapham  .  Canandaigua. 

Elias  W.  Leavenworth Syracuse. 

Scott  Lord Utica. 

Clinton  D.  MacDougall Auburn. 

Edwin  R.  Meade New  York. 

Henry  B.  Metcalfe Westfield. 

Samuel  F.  Miller .  .North  Franklin. 

Nelson  I.  Norton3 Hinsdale. 

N.  Holmes  Odell White  Plains. 


.Utica. 


Thomas  C.  Platt O wego. 

John  G.  Schumaker Brooklyn. 

Martin  I.  Townsend Troy. 

Charles  C.  B.  Walker Corning. 

Elijah  Ward New  York. 

William  A.  Wheeler Malone. 

John  O.  Whitehouse.Poughkeepsie. 

Andrew  Williams Plattsburg. 

Benjamin  A.  Willis New  York. 

Fernando  Wood New  York. 


Resigned  Dec.  12, 1876,  having  been  elected  mayor  of  New- York  City.       2  Elected  in  place  of  Smith  Ely,  jun.,  resigned;  took 
liis  seat  Jan.  11,  1877.       3  Elected  in  place  of  Augustus  F.  Allen,  deceased  in  1875;  took  his  seat  .Dec.  6, 1875. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 


Augustus  S.  Merrimon , 


Thomas  S.  Ashe  . .  .Wadesborough. 

Joseph  J.  Davis Louisburg. 

John  A.  Hyman Warrenton. 


Raleigh.  |  Matt  W.  Ransom. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  M.  Robbins Statesville. 

Alfred  M.  Scales. .  .Greensboro ugh. 
Robert  B.  Vance Ashevifle. 


Weldon. 


Alfred  M.  Waddell  . . .Wilmington. 
Jesse  T.  Yeates .  .Murfreesborough. 


John  Sherman. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
.Mansfield.  I  Allen  G.  Thurman 


.Columbus. 


Henry  B.  Banning Cincinnati. 

Jacob  P.  Cowan Ashland. 

Lorenzo  Danford St.  Clairsville. 

Charles  Foster Fostoria. 

James  A.  Garfield Hiram. 

Frank  H.  Hurd Toledo. 

William  Lawrence. . . Belief ontaine. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  A.  McMahon Dayton. 

James  Monroe Oberlin. 

Lawrence  T.  Neal Chillicothe. 

Henry  B.  Payne Cleveland. 

Early  F.  Poppleton Delaware. 

Americns  V.  Rice Ottawa. 

John  S.  Savage Wilmington. 


Milton  Sayler Cincinnati. 

Milton  I.  Southard Zanesville. 

John  L.  Vance Gallipolis. 

Nelson  H.  Van  Vorhes Athens. 

Ansel  T.  Walling Circleville. 

L.  D.  Woodworth  ....Youngstown. 


OREGON. 
SENATORS. 

James  K.  Kelly Portland.  |  JohnH.  Mitchell Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Lafayette  Lane  i Roseburg. 

i  Elected  in  place  of  George  A.  La  Dow,  deceased  in  1875;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6, 1875. 


Simon  Cameron , 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
.Harrisburg.  |  William  A.  Wallace Clearfield. 


202 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Hiester  Clymer Reading. 

Alex.  G.  Cochrane  .Alleghany  City. 

Francis  I).  Collins Scranton. 

Albert  G.  Egbert Franklin. 

Chapman  Freeman  . .  .Philadelphia. 

James  H.  Hopkins Pittsburg. 

George  A.  Jenks Brookville. 

William  D.  Kelley Philadelphia. 

W.  W.  Ketchum  i Wilkesbarre. 

Levi  A.  Mackev Lock  Haven. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Leyi  Maish York. 

William  Mutchler Easton. 

Charles  O'Neill Philadelphia. 

John  B.  Paoker Sunbury. 

Joseph  Powell Towanda. 

Samuel  J.  Randall2..  .Philadelphia. 

James  B.  Reilly Pottsville. 

John  Eeilly Altoona. 

John  Robbius Philadelphia. 

Sobieski  Ross Coudersport. 


James  Sheakley Greenville. 

A.  Herr  Smith Lancaster. 

William  H.  Stanton8 Scrantou. 

William  S.  Stenger  .  Chambersburg. 

W.  Townsend West  Chester. 

Jacob  Turney Greensburg. 

John  W.  Wallace Newcastle. 

Alan  Wood,  jun Conshohocken. 


Resigned  in  1876. 


Elected  speaker  Dec.  4,  1876.        3  Elected  in  place  of  Winthrop  W.  Ketchum,  resigned;  took  Ms 
seat  Dec.  4,  1876. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  B.  Anthony Providence.  |  Ambrose  E.  Burnside Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Latimer  W.  Ballou Woonsocket.  |  Benjamin  T.  Eames Providence. 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

John  J.  Patterson Charleston.  |  Thomas  J.  Robertson Columbia. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  W.  Buttz1 Charleston.  I  Edward  W.  M.  Mack  ey,2  Charleston.  I  Robert  Smalls Beaufort. 

Solomon  L.  Hoge Columbia.  |  Joseph  H.  Rainey  3 Georgetown.  |  Alexander  S.  Wallace  . .  .Yorkville. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  declared  by  Congress  July  19, 1876 ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  23, 1877.       2  Seat  declared  vacant  July  19, 1876. 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Samuel  Lee. 

TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 


James  E.  Bailey1 Clarksville. 

Henry  Cooper Nashville. 


Andrew  Johnson  2 Greenville. 

David  M.  Key  3 Chattanooga. 


John  D.  C.  Atkins Paris. 

John  M.  Bright Fayetteville. 

William  P.  Caldwell Gardner. 

G.  G.  Dibrell Sparta. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  F.  House Clarksville. 

William  McFarland  . .  .Morristown. 

Hay  wood  Y.  Riddle4 Lebanon. 

Jacob  M.  Thornburgh. .  .Knoxville. 


Washington  C.  Whitthorne, 

Columbia. 
Casey  Young Memphis. 


1  Elected  in  place  of  Andrew  Johnson,  deceased,  David  M.  Key  having  been  appointed  pro  tern. ;  took  his  seat  Jan.  29, 1877. 
8  Died  July  31,  1875.  8  Appointed  in  place  of  Andrew  Johnson,  deceased ;  took  his  seat  Dec.  6,  1875.  *  Elected  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  W.  Head  and  Samuel  M.  Fite,  neither  of  whom  lived  to  take  his  seat. 


Morgan  C.  Hamilton 


David  B.  Culberson Jefferson. 

John  Hancock Austin. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 

Austin.  |  Sam.  Bell  Maxey Paris. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Roger  Q.  Mills Corsicana.  I  Gustave  Schleicher Cuero. 

John  H.  Reagan Palestine.  |  Jas.  W.  Throckmorton.McKinney. 


George  F.  Edmunds. . . 
Dudley  C.  Denison. . . . 


VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

Burlington.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
. .  .Royalton.  |  George  W.  Hendee Morrisville.  |  Charles  H.  Joyce Rutland. 


John  W.  Johnston 


VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

.  Abingdon.  |  Robert  E.  Withers Wytheville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  C.  Cabell Danville. 

Beverly  B.  Douglas Ayletts. 

John  Goode,  jun.1 Norfolk. 


John  T.  Harris Harrisonburg. 

Eppa  Hunt  on Warrenton. 

William  H.  H.  Stowell  .Burkeville. 


William  Terry Wythevillo. 

John  Randolph  Tucker  .Lexington. 
Gilbert  C.  Walker Richmond. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  II.  Platt,  jun. 


THE  FORTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


203 


WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Allen  T.  Caperton1 Union.     Frank  Hereford2 

Henry  G.  Davis Piedmont.    Samuel  Price8. . . . 


Union. 

.Lewisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 
Charles  J.  Faulkner.  .Martinsburg.  |  Frank  Hereford2 Union.  |  Benjamin  Wilson Wilsonburg. 

*  Died  July  26. 1876.       *  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Allen  T.  Caperton,  deceased,  Samuel  Price  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.; 
took  his  seat  Jan.  31, 1877.       s  Appointed  in  place  of  Allen  T.  Caperton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Dec.  4, 1876. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Angus  Cameron La  Crosse.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  D.  Burchard.  .Beaver  Dam.    Alanson  M.  Kimball  . .  .Pine  River.    Jeremiah  M.  Rusk Viroqua. 

Lucien  B.  Caswell.  .Fort  Atkinson.    William  Pitt  Lynde. . .  .Milwaukee.     Charles  G.  Williams. . . .  Janesville. 
George  W.  Cate  . . .  .Stevens'  Point.    Henry  S.  Magoon Darlington. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Hiram  S.  Stevens Tucson. 

COLORADO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Thomas  M.  Patterson Denver. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jefferson  P.  Kidder Vermilion. 

IDAHO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 
Thomas  W.  Bennett1 Boise  City.  |  Stephen  S.  Fenn2 Mount  Idaho. 

1  Election  successfully  contested  by  Stephen  S.  Fenn.       2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Thomas  W.  Bennett;  took  his 

seat  June  23, 1876. 

MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Martin  Maginnis '. Helena. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
Stephens.  Elkins Santa  Fe\ 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
George  Q.  Cannon Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Orange  Jacobs Seattle. 

WYOMING  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
William  R.  Steele Cheyenne. 


204  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


TIE  FORTY-FIFTH  CONGKESS. 


First  Session,  from  Oct.  15,  1877,  to  Dec.  3,  1877.    Second  Session,  from  Dec.  3,  1877,  to  June  20,  1878.    Third 

Session,  from  Dec.  2, 1878,  to  March  3, 1879. 


Vice-President.  — WILLIAM  A.  WHEELER  of  New  York.  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore.  —  THOMAS  "W. 
FERRY  of  Michigan,  elected  March  5, 1877,  in  special  session;  again  elected  Feb.  26, 1878;  and  again  elected 
April  17, 1878.  Secretary  of  the  Senate.  —  GEORGE  C.  GORHAM  of  California. 

Speaker  of  the  House. — SAMUEL  J.  RANDALL  of  Pennsylvania,  elected  Oct.  15, 1877. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

JohnT.  Morgan Selma.  |  George  E.  Spencer Decatur. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Forney. .  .Jacksonville. 

William  W.  Garth Huntsville. 

Hilary  A.  Herbert. . .  .Montgomery. 


G.  W.  Hewitt Birmingham. 

James  T.  Jones Demopolis. 

Robert  F.  Ligon Tuskegee. 


Charles  M.  Shelley Selma. 

Jere  N.  Williams Clayton. 


Horace  F.  Page Placerville. 

Peter  D.  Wigginton Merced. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  W.  Dorsey Helena.  |  Augustus  H.  Garland Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jordan  E.  Cravens Clarksville.  I  Thomas  M.  Gunter Fayetteville. 

Lucien  C.  Gause Jacksonport.  |  William  M.  Siemens Monticello. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 
Newton  Booth Sacramento.  |  Aaron  A.  Sargent Nevada  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Horace  Davis San  Francisco. 

John  K.  Luttrell Santa  Rosa. 

R.  Pacheco  * San  Luis  Obispo. 

1  Received  the  certificate  of  election ;  but  the  House  gave  the  seat  to  P.  D.  Wigginton  Feb.  7, 1878. 

COLORADO. 
SENATORS. 

Jerome  B.  Chaffee Denver.  |  Henry  M.  Teller Central  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  B.  Belford1 Central  City.  |  Thomas  M.  Patterson Denver. 

1  Received  the  certificate  of  election ;  but  the  House  gave  the  seat  to  T.  M.  Patterson  Dec.  13, 1877. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
William  H.  Barnum Lime  Rock.  |  William  W.  Eaton Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  M.  Landers New  Britain.  I  John  T.  Wait Norwich. 

James  Phelps Essex.    Levi  Warner Norwalk. 


THE  FORTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


205 


DELAWARE. 
SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard Wilmington.  |  Eli  Saulsbury Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
James  Williams Kenton. 

FLORIDA. 
SENATORS. 

Simon  B.  Conover Tallahassee.  |  Charles  W.  Jones Pensacola. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Horatio  Bisbee,  jun Jacksonville.  |  R.  H.  M.  Davidson Quincy. 


John  B.  Gordon . 


Hiram  P.  Bell Gumming. 

James  H.  Blount Macon. 

Milton  A.  Candler Atlanta. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Atlanta.  |  Benjamin  H.  Hill 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Philip  Cook Americus. 

William  H.  Felton Cartersville. 

Henry  R.  Harris Greenville. 


.Atlanta. 


Julian  Hartridge Savannah. 

William  E.  Smith Albany. 

Alex.  H.  Stephens..  .Crawfordville. 


David  Davis 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
.Bloomington.  |  Richard  J.  Oglesby. 


.Decatur. 


William  Aldrich Chicago. 

Thomas  A.  Boyd Lewiston. 

Lorenzo  Bretano Chicago. 

H.  C.  Burchard Frceport. 

Joseph  G.  Cannon Tuscola. 

John  R.  Eden Sullivan. 

Greenbury  L.  Fort Lacon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Carter  H.  Harrison Chicago. 

William  Hartzell Chester. 

Philip  C.  Hayes Morris. 

Thomas  J.  Henderson. .  .Princeton. 

Robert  M.  Knapp Jerseyville. 

William  Lathrop Rockford. 

B.  F.  Marsh Warsaw. 


William  R.  Morrison  . . .  .Waterloo. 

W.  A.  J.  Sparks Carlyle. 

William  M.  Springer . . .  Springfield. 
Thomas  F.  Tipton  . .  .Bloomington. 
R.  W.  Townshend..  .Shawneetown. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 
Joseph  E.  McDonald.  .Indianapolis.  |  Oliver  P.  Morton  * Indianapolis.  |  Daniel  W.  Voorhees  2.Terre  Haute. 


John  H.  Baker Goshen. 

George  A.  Bicknell. .  .New  Albany. 

Thomas  M.  Browne Winchester. 

William  H.  Calkins La  Porte. 

Thomas  R.  Cobb Vincennes. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  L.  Evans Noblesville. 

B.  S.  Fuller Boonville. 

A.  H.  Hamilton Fort  Wayne. 

John  Hanna Indianapolis. 

M.  C.  Hunter Bloomington. 


M.  S.  Robinson Anderson. 

Leonidas  Sexton Rushville. 

M.  D.  White Crawfordsville. 


1  Died  Nov.  1, 1877.       *  Appointed  in  the  place  of  O.  P.  Morton,  deceased;  took  his  seat  Nov.  12, 1877. 

IOWA. 

SENATORS. 


Theodore  W.  Burdick  Decorah. 
Rush  Clark              .  Tnwn.  nit.v 

REPRESENT 
Nathaniel  C.  Deerir 

ATIVES. 
la  Osage. 

Onawa. 

TT    .T    "R    ririmrmncrs 

"Wintfirsfit. 

..Davenport. 

.Iowa  City. 


John  James  Ingalls . . 
Dudley  C.  Haskell.... 


James  B.  Beck. 


E.  S.  Sampson Sigourney. 

William  F.  Sapp Council  Bluffs. 

J.  C.  Stone Burlington. 

KANSAS. 
SENATORS. 

Atchison.  |  P.  B.  Plumb Emporia. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
,  .Lawrence.  |  William  A.  Phillips Salina.  |  Thomas  Ryan Topeka. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
Lexington.  |  Thomas  C.  McCreery Owensborougb, 


206 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


J.  C.  S.  Blackburn Versailles. 

Andrew  R.  Boone Mayfield. 

John  W.  Caldwell Russellville. 

John  G.  Carlisle Covington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Clark Brookville. 

Milton  J.  Durham Danville. 

J.  Proctor  Knott Lebanon. 

James  A.  McKensie Longview. 


Thomas  Turner Mt.  Sterling. 

Albert  S.  Willis Louisville. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
J.  B.  Eustis New  Orleans.  |  "William  Pitt  Kellogg New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Hayes  Acklen. . .  .Pattersonville. 
J.  B.  Elam Mansfield. 


E.  John  Ellis New  Orleans. 

Randall  L.  Gibson  . . .  New  Orleans. 

i  Died  March  15, 1878. 


John  E.  Leonard 1 Monon. 

Edw.  W.  Robertson.  .Baton  Rouge. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

James  G.  Elaine Augusta.  |  Hannibal  Hamlin Bangor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  B.  Reed Portland. 


"William  P.  Frye Lewiston. 

Eugene  Hale Ellsworth. 


Stephen  D.  Lindsey.Norridgewock. 
Llewellyn  Powers Houlton. 


George  R.  Dennis . 


Eli  Jones  Henkle Brooklyn. 

Daniel  M.  Henry Cambridge. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
.Kingston.  |  W.  Pinkney  "Whyte Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


"William  Kimmell Baltimore. 

Charles  B.  Roberts. .  .Westminster. 


Thomas  Swann Baltimore. 

William  Walsh Cumberland. 


Henry  L.  Dawes 


Nathaniel  P.  Banks Waltham. 

Benjamin  F.  Butler Lowell. 

William  Claflin Newton. 

William  W.  Crapo. .  .New  Bedford. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
SENATORS. 

Pittsfield.  |  George  F.  Hoar . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Dean Boston. 

Walbridge  A.  Field  l Boston. 

B.  W.  Harris East  Bridgewater. 

George  B.  Loring Salem. 


.Worcester. 


Leopold  Morse Boston. 

Amasa  Norcross Fitchburg. 

William  W.  Rice Worcester. 

George  D.  Robinson  Chicopee. 


Received  the  certificate  of  election ;  but  the  House  gave  the  seat  to  B.  Dean  March  28, 1878. 


Isaac  P.  Christiancy. 


Mark  S.  Brewer Pontiac. 

Omar  D.  Conger Port  Huron. 

Charles  C.  Ellsworth.. .  .Greenville. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Lansing.  |  Thomas  W.  Ferry. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jay  A.  Hubbell Houghton. 

E.  W.  Keightley .Constantino. 

J.  H.  McGowan Cold  Water. 


John  W.  Stone Grand  Rapids. 

A.  S.  Williams Detroit. 

Edwin  Willits Monroe. 


MINNESOTA. 
SENATORS. 

Samuel  J.  R.  McMillan. St.  Paul.  |  William  Windom Winona. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 
Mark  H.  Dunnell Owatonna.  |  Jacob  H.  Stewart St.  Paul.  |  Horace  B.  Strait Shakopee. 


Blanche  K.  Bruce. 


.  Oxford. 


MISSISSIPPI. 
SENATORS. 

Floreyville.  |  Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

J.  R.  Chalmers Friar's  Point.  I  Van  H.  Manning Holly  Springs.    H.  L.  Muldrow Starkville. 

Charles  O.  Hooker Jackson.  |  Hernando  D.  Money Winona.    Otho  R.  Singleton Canton. 


THE  FORTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


207 


MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 
Lewis  V.  Bogy St.  Louis.  |  Francis  Marion  Cockrell. 


.  "Warrensbu  rgh. 


Richard  P.  Bland Lebanon. 

Aylett  H.  Buckiier Mexico. 

John  B.  Clark,  jun Fayette. 

Nathan  Cole St.  Louis. 

T.  T.  Crittenden. . .  .Warrensburgh. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

B.  J.  Franklin Kansas  City. 

Robert  G.  Frost  1 St.  Louis. 

John  M.  Glover La  Grange. 

R.  A.  Hatcher New  Madrid. 

Anthony  Ittner St.  Louis. 

i  Contested  the  seat  of  Lynde  S.  Metcalfe. 


Lynde  S.  Metcalfe St.  Louis. 

Charles  H.  Morgan Lamar. 

Henry  M.  Pollard Chillicothe. 

David  Rea. Sayannah. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 
Algernon  S.  Paddock Beatrice.  |  Alvin  Saunders Omaha. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Frank  Welch Norfolk. 

NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

John  P.  Jones Gold  Hill.  |  William  Sharon Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Thomas  Wren Eureka. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
SENATORS. 

Edward  H.  Rollins Concord.  |  Bainbridge  Wadleigh Milford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Henry  W.  Blair Plymouth.  |  James  F.  Briggs Manchester.  |  Frank  Jones Portsmouth. 

NEW    JERSEY. 
SENATORS. 

John  R.  McPherson Jersey  City.  |  Theodore  F.  Randolph  Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alvah  A.  Clark Somerville.    Thomas  B.  Peddie Newark.    C.  H.  Sinnickson Salem. 

Augustus  W.  Cutler. .  .Morristown.    J.  Howard  Pugh Burlington. 

A.  A.  Hardenbergh. . .  .Jersey  City.    Miles  Ross New  Brunswick. 

NEW  YORK. 
SENATORS. 

Roscoe  Conkling Utica.  |  Francis  Kernan Utica. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Bacon Utica.  Jeremiah  W.  Dwight Dryden.  Anson  G.  McCook New  York. 

George  A.  Bagley Watertown.  Anthony  Eickhoff New  York.  Nicolas  Muller New  York. 

William  H.  Baker Constantia.  E.  Kirke  Hart   Rochester.  G.  W.  Patterson Westfield. 

George  M.  Beebe Monticello.  Abram  S.  Hewitt New  York.  C.  N.  Potter New  Rochelle. 

Charles  B.  Benedict Attica.  Frank  Hiscock Syracuse.  T.  J.  Quinn  1 Albany. 

Archibald  M.  Bliss Brooklyn.  J.  N.  Hungerford Corning.  J.  H.  Starin Fultonville. 

Solomon  Bundy Oxford.  A.  B.James Ogdensburgh.  Martin  I.  Tovrnsend Troy. 

John  H.  Camp Lyons.  J.  H.  Ketcham Dover  Plains.  William  I).  Veeder Brooklyn. 

S.  B.  Chittenden Brooklyn.  E.  G.  Lapham Canandaigua.  Andrew  Williams Plattsburgh. 

James  W.  Covert Flushing.  D.  N.  Lockwood Buffalo.  Benjamin  A.  Willis Nesv  York. 

S.  S.  Cox New  York.  S.  L.  Mayham Schoharie.  Fernando  Wood New  York. 

»  Died  at  Albany,  N.Y.,  June  18, 1878. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Augustus  S.  Merrimon Raleigh.  |  Matt  W.  Ransom Weldon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

C.  H.  Brogden Goldsborough.     A.  M.  Scales Greensborough.    A.  M.  Waddell Wilmington. 

Joseph  J.  Davis Louisburgh.     W.  L.  Steele Rockinghaiii.    J.  J.  Yates Murfreesborough. 

William  M.  Robbins Statesville.     R.  B.  Vance Asheville. 


208 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
Stanley  Matthews  * Cincinnati.  |  John  Sherman  2 Mansfield.  |  Allen  G.  Thurman Columbus. 


Henry  B.  Banning Cincinnati. 

Jacob  D.  Cox Toledo. 

L.  Danford St.  Clairsville. 

Henry  L.  Dickey Greenfield. 

Thomas  Ewing Lancaster. 

E.  B.  Finley Bucyrus. 

Charles  Foster Fostoria. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Miles  Gardner "Washington  C.H. 

James  A.  Garfield Hiram. 

John  S.  Jones Delaware. 

J.  Warren  Keif er Springfield. 

W.  McKinley Cannonsburg. 

J.  A.  McMahon Dayton. 

James  Monroe Oberlin. 


Henry  S.  Neal Ironton. 

A.  V.  Rice Ottawa. 

Milton  Sayler Cincinnati. 

M.  I.  Southward Zanesville. 

Amos  Townsend Cleveland. 

N.  H.  Van  Vorhes Athens. 


»  Elected  senator  in  place  of  John  Sherman,  resigned. 


2  Resigned  March  8, 1877,  on  having  been  appointed  secretary  of  the 
treasury. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

Lafayette  F.  Grover. Salem.  |  John  H.  Mitchell Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 
Richard  Williams Portland. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
J.  Don  Cameron  * Harrisburgh.  |  Simon  Cameron  2 Harrisburgh.  |  William  A.  Wallace Clearfield. 


Thomas  M.  Bayne Pittsburgh. 

S.  A.  Bridges Allentown. 

Jacob  M.  Campbell  . . .  .Johnstown. 

Heister  Clymer Reading. 

F.  D.  Collins Scranton. 

Russell  Errett Pittsburgh. 

I.  Newton  Evans Hatborough. 

Chapman  Freeman  . .  .Philadelphia. 
A.  C.  Harmer Philadelphia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  D.  Kelley Philadelphia. 

J.  W.  Killinger Philadelphia. 

L.  A.  Mackey Lock  Haven. 

Levi  Maish York. 

John  I.  Mitchell Wellsborough. 

Charles  O'Neil Philadelphia. 

Edward  Overton Towanda. 

S.  J.  Randall Philadelphia. 

J.  B.  Reilly Pottsville. 


W.  S.  Shallenberger Rochester. 

A.  Herr  Smith Lancaster. 

W.  S.  Stenger Chambersburgh. 

J.  M.  Thompson Butler. 

Jacob  Turney Greeusburgh. 

William  Ward Chester. 

Lewis  F.  Watson Warren. 

Harry  White Indiana. 

H.  B.  Wright Wilkesbarre. 


1  Elected  senator  in  place  of  Simon  Cameron,  resigned.       *  Resigned  March  3, 1877. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  B.  Anthony Providence.  |  Ambrose  E.  Burnside Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Latimer  W.  Ballou Woonsocket.  |  Benjamin  T.  Eames Providence. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
SENATORS. 

M.  C.  Butler Edgefield  C.H.  |  David  T.  Corbin l Charleston.  |  J.  J.  Patterson Columbia. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

D.  Wyatt  Aiken Cokesbury.  I  J.  H.  Evans Spartanburgh.  j  J.  S.  Richardson8 Sumter. 

Richard  H.  Cain2 Charleston.  |  Joseph  H.  Rainey Georgetown.  |  Robert  Smalls Beaufort. 

1  Contests  the  seat  held  by  Mr.  Butler.       *  Seat  contested  by  M.  P.  O'Connor.       »  Contests  the  seat  claimed  by  Mr.  Rainey. 


James  E.  Bailey. 


J.  D.  C.  Atkins,, Paris. 

John  M.  Bright Fayetteville. 

W.  P.  Caldwell Gardner. 

George  G.  Dibrell Sparta. 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

Clarksville.  |  Isham  G.  Harris. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  F.  House Clarksville. 

James  H.  Randolph Newport. 

W.  M.  Randolph  f, Memphis. 

H.  Y.  Riddle Lebanon. 

1  Contested  the  seat  of  Casey  Young. 


.Nashville. 


J.  M.  Thornburgh. , 
W.  C.  Whitthorne. 
Casey  Young 


.Knoxville. 
.Columbia. 
..Memphis. 


Richard  Coke. 


TEXAS. 
SENATORS. 
.Waco.  |  Samuel  Bell  Maxey. 


.Paris 


D.  B.  Culberson Jefferson. 

D.  C.  Giddinga Brenham. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Roger  Q.  Mills Corsicana. 

John  H.  Reagan Palestine. 


G.  Schleicher 

J.  W.  Throckmorton. . 


Cuero. 

.McKiuney. 


THE  FORTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS.  209 

• 

VERMONT. 
SENATORS. 

GeorgeF.  Edmunds Burlington.  |  Justin  S.  Morrill Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
D.  C.  Denison Royalton.  |  G.  W.  Hendee Morrisville.  |  Charles  H.  Joyce Rutland. 

VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

John  W.  Jolmston Abingdon.  |  Robert  E.  Withers Wytheville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  C.  Cabell Danville. 

Beverly  B.  Douglas Aylett's. 

John  Goode,  jun Norfolk. 

J.  T.  Harris Harrisonburgh. 


W.  E.  Hinton Petersburgh. 

Eppa  Hunton Warrenton. 

Joseph  Jorgensen Petersburgh. 

A.  L.  Pridemore Jonesville. 


J.  Randolph  Tucker  . . .  .Lexington. 
Gilbert  C.  Walker Richmond. 


WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
Henry  G.  Davis Piedmont.  |  Frank  Hereford Union. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
John  E.  Kenna Kanawha  C.H.  |  B.  F.  Martin Pruntytown.  |  B.  Wilson Wilsonburgh. 

WISCONSIN. 
SENATORS. 

Angus  Cameron La  Crosse.  |  Timothy  O.  Howe Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Gabriel  Bouck Oshkosh. 

E.  S.  Bragg Fond  du  Lac. 

L.  B.  Caswell Fort  Atkinson. 


G.  C.  Hazelton Boscobel. 

H.  L.  Humphrey Hudson. 

W.  P.  Lynde Milwaukee. 

ARIZONA  TERRITORY. 


T.  C.  Pound Chippewa  Falls. 

C.  G.  Williams Janes ville. 


DELEGATE. 
Hiram  S.  Stevens Tucson. 

DAKOTA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Jefferson  P.  Kidder Vermilion. 

IDAHO  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
S.  S.  Fenn Mt.  Idaho. 

MONTANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Martin  Maginnis Helena. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 
Trinidad  Romero Santa  FC*. 

UTAH  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
George  Q.  Cannon Salt  Lake  City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
Orange  Jacobs Seattle. 

WYOMING  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 
W.  W.  Corbett Cheyenne. 


SESSIONS  OF  CONGRESS. 


CONGRESS. 

SESSION. 

BEGAN. 

ENDED. 

LENGTH. 

LOCATION. 

Continental, 

First, 

September  5,  1774, 

October  26,  1774, 

52  days, 

Philadelphia. 

Second, 

May  10,  1775, 

December  12,  1776, 

582    " 

<i 

Third, 

December  20,  1776, 

March  4,  1777, 

75    " 

Baltimore. 

Fourth, 

March  4,  1777, 

September  18,  1777, 

199    " 

Philadelphia. 

Fifth, 

September  27,  1777, 

September  27,  1777, 

Iday, 

Lancaster. 

Sixth, 

September  30,  1777, 

June  27,  1778, 

272  days, 

York. 

Seventh, 

July  2,  1778, 

June  21,  1783, 

1816    " 

Philadelphia. 

Eighth, 

June  30,  1783, 

November  4,  1783, 

127    " 

Princeton. 

Ninth, 

November  26,  1783, 

June  3,  1784, 

189    " 

Annapolis. 

Tenth, 

November  1,  1784, 

December  24,  1784, 

54    " 

Treuton. 

Eleventh, 

January  11,  1785, 

November  4,  1785, 

298    " 

New  York. 

Twelfth, 

November  7,  1785, 

November  3,  1786, 

362    " 

u 

Thirteenth, 

November  6,  1786, 

October  30,  1787, 

359    " 

ii 

Fourteenth, 

November  5,  1787, 

October  21,  1788, 

353    " 

ii 

First, 

First, 

March  4,  1789, 

September  29,  1789, 

210    " 

<i 

u 

Second, 

January  4,  1790, 

August  12,  1790, 

221    " 

11 

« 

Third, 

December  6,  1790, 

March  3,  1791, 

88    " 

Philadelphia. 

Second, 

First, 

October  24,  1791, 

May  8,  1792, 

197      ' 

(i 

u 

Second, 

November  5,  1792, 

March  2,  1793, 

119     ' 

«i 

Third, 

First, 

December  2,  1793, 

June  9,  1794, 

190      ' 

ii 

it 

Second, 

November  3,  1794, 

March  3,  1795, 

121      ' 

< 

Fourth, 

First, 

December  7,  1795, 

June  1,  1796, 

177      « 

< 

" 

Second, 

December  5,  1796, 

March  3,  1797, 

89     ' 

i 

Fifth, 

First, 

May  15,  1797, 

July  10,  1797, 

57      ' 

« 

it 

Second, 

November  13,  1797, 

July  16,  1798, 

246     ' 

< 

it 

Third, 

December  3,  1798, 

March  3,  1799, 

91      ' 

i 

Sixth, 

First, 

December  2,  1795), 

May  14,  1800, 

164     ' 

i 

" 

Second, 

November  17,  1800, 

March  3,  1801, 

107      ' 

< 

Seventh, 

First, 

December  7,  1801, 

May  3,  1802, 

148      ' 

< 

it 

Second, 

December  G,  1802, 

March  3,  1803, 

88      ' 

i 

Eighth, 

First, 

October  17,  1803, 

March  27,  1804, 

163     ' 

< 

it 

Second, 

November  5,  1804, 

March  3,  1805, 

119      ' 

< 

Ninth, 

First, 

December  2,  1805, 

April  21,  1806, 

141    " 

< 

it 

Second, 

December  1,  1806, 

March  3,  1807, 

93     " 

i 

Tenth, 

First, 

October  26,  1807, 

April  25,  1808, 

182    " 

< 

" 

Second, 

November  7,  1808, 

March  3,  1809, 

117    " 

i 

Eleventh, 

First, 

May  22,  1809, 

June  28,  1809, 

38      ' 

ii 

" 

Second, 

November  27,  1809, 

May  1,  1810, 

156      ' 

u 

ii 

Third, 

December  3,  1810, 

March  3,  1811, 

91      ' 

u 

Twelfth, 

First, 

November  4,  1811, 

July  6,  1812, 

245      ' 

u 

" 

Second, 

November  2,  1812, 

March  3,  1813, 

122      ' 

« 

Thirteenth, 

First, 

May  24,  1813, 

August  2,  1813, 

71      ' 

<« 

" 

Second, 

December  6,  1813, 

April  18,  1814, 

134      ' 

ti 

u 

Third, 

September  19,  1814, 

March  2,  1815, 

166      ' 

ii 

Fourteenth, 

First, 

December  4,  1815, 

April  30,  1816, 

148      ' 

u 

" 

Second, 

December  2,  1816, 

March  3,  1817, 

92      ' 

ii 

Fifteenth,          , 

First, 

December  1,  1817, 

April  20,  1818, 

141      ' 

u 

" 

Second, 

November  16,  1818, 

March  3,  1819, 

108      ' 

1C 

Sixteenth, 

First, 

December  6,  1819, 

May  15,  1820, 

162      ' 

ii 

" 

Second, 

November  13,  1820, 

March  3,  1821, 

111      ' 

ii 

Seventeenth, 

First, 

December  3,  1821, 

May  8,  1822, 

157      ' 

Washington. 

" 

Second, 

December  2,  1822, 

March  3,  1823, 

92      ' 

ii 

Eighteenth, 

First, 

December  1,  1823, 

May  27,  1824, 

178      < 

ci 

" 

Second, 

December  6,  1824, 

March  3,  1825, 

88      ' 

u 

Nineteenth, 

First, 

December  5,  1825, 

May  22,  1826, 

169      ' 

it 

" 

Second, 

December  4,  1826, 

March  3,  1827, 

90      ' 

i< 

Twentieth, 

First, 

December  3,  1827, 

May  26,  1828, 

175    " 

« 

it 

Second, 

December  1,  1828, 

March  3,  1829, 

93    " 

ii 

Twenty-first, 

First, 
Second, 

December  7,  182!), 
December  6,  18:50, 

May  31,  1830, 
March  3,  1831, 

176     " 

88      ' 

ii 
(i 

Twenty-second, 

First, 

December  5,  1831, 

July  16,  1832, 

225      ' 

ii 

" 

Second, 

December  3,  1832, 

March  2,  1833, 

91      ' 

ii 

Twenty-third, 

First, 

December  2,  1833, 

June  30,  1834, 

211     « 

u 

" 

Second, 

December  1,  1834, 

March  3,  1835, 

93     « 

II 

210 


SESSIONS  OF   CONGRESS. 


211 


CONGKESS. 

SESSION. 

BEGAN. 

ENDED. 

LENGTH. 

LOCATION. 

Twenty-fourth, 

First, 
Second, 

December  7,  1835, 
December  5,  1836, 

July  4,  1836, 
March  3,  1837, 

211  days, 
89    " 

Washington. 

Twenty-fifth, 

First, 
Second, 

September  4,  1837, 
December  4,  1837, 

October  16,  1837, 
July  9,  1838, 

43    " 
218    " 

! 

" 

Third, 

December  3,  1838, 

March  3,  1839, 

91     " 

< 

Twenty-sixth, 

First, 
Second, 

December  2,  1839, 
December  7,  1840, 

July  21,  1840, 
March  3,  1841, 

233    " 
87    " 

! 

Twenty-seventh, 

First, 
Second, 

May  31,  184], 
December  6,  1841, 

September  13,  1841, 
August  31,  1842, 

106     ' 
269     ' 

1 

" 

Third, 

December  5,  1842, 

March  3,  1843, 

89     « 

< 

Twenty-eighth, 

First,| 

December  4,  1843, 

June  17,  1844, 

196      < 

' 

" 

Second, 

December  2,  1844, 

March  3,  1845, 

92      ' 

•' 

Twenty-ninth, 

First, 
Second, 

December  1,  1845, 
December  7,  1840, 

August  10,  1846, 
March  3,  1847, 

253      ' 

87      ' 

1 

Thirtieth, 

First, 

December  6,  1847, 

August  14,  1848, 

254     ' 

« 

" 

Second, 

December  4,  1848, 

March  3,  1849, 

90     ' 

' 

Thirty-first, 

First, 

December  3,  1849, 

September  30,  1850, 

302     ' 

« 

" 

Second, 

December  2,  1850, 

March  3,  1851, 

92      ' 

« 

Thirty-second, 

First, 

December  1,  1851, 

August  31,  1852, 

275     ' 

1 

" 

Second, 

December  6,  1852, 

March  3,  1853, 

88     ' 

' 

Thirty-third, 

First, 

December  5,  1853, 

August  7,  1854, 

246     ' 

' 

" 

Second, 

December  4,  1854, 

March  3,  1855, 

90     " 

' 

Thirty-fourth, 

First, 

December  3,  1855, 

August  18,  1856, 

260      ' 

1 

" 

Second, 

August  21,  1856, 

August  30,  1856, 

10      ' 

1 

" 

Third, 

December  1,  1856, 

March  3,  1857, 

93      ' 

1 

Thirty-fifth, 

First, 

December  7,  1857, 

June  14,  1858, 

189      ' 

' 

" 

Second, 

December  6,  1858, 

March  3,  1859, 

88     < 

1 

Thirty-sixth, 

First, 

Decembers,  1859, 

June  25,  1860, 

202     « 

1 

" 

Second, 

December  3,  1860, 

March  3,  1861, 

93      ' 

11 

Thirty-seventh, 

First, 

July  4,  1861, 

August  6,  1861, 

34     ' 

1 

" 

Second, 

December  2,  1861, 

July  17,  1862, 

228      ' 

1 

ii 

Third, 

December  1,  1862, 

March  3,  1863, 

94     ' 

1 

Thirty-eighth, 

First, 

December  7,  1863, 

July  4,  1864, 

209      ' 

1 

" 

Second, 

December  5,  1864, 

March  3,  1865, 

90      ' 

1 

Thirty-ninth, 

First, 

December  4,  1865, 

July  28,  1866, 

237      ' 

1 

" 

Second, 

December  3,  1866, 

March  3,  1867, 

92     ' 

I 

Fortieth, 

First, 

March  4,  1867, 

March  30,  1867, 

26      ' 

' 

Julv  3,  1867, 

July  20,  1867, 

18      ' 

1 

November  21,  1867, 

December  2,  1867, 

12      ' 

' 

Second, 

December  2,  1867, 

July  27,  1868, 

239    " 

1 

September  21,  1868, 

September  21,  1868, 

1  day, 

" 

October  16,  1868, 

October  16,  1868, 

1    " 

" 

November  10,  1868, 

November  10,  1868, 

1    " 

" 

Third, 

December  7,  1868, 

March  3,  1869, 

87  days, 

It 

Forty-first, 

First, 

March  4,  1869, 

April  10,  1869, 

37    " 

" 

Second, 

December  6,  1869, 

July  15,  1870, 

222    " 

Third, 

December  5,  1870, 

March  3,  1871, 

90    " 

Forty-second, 

First, 

March  4,  1871, 

April  20,  1871, 

47    " 

" 

" 

Second, 

December  4,  1871, 

June  10,  1872, 

190     " 

" 

(C 

Third, 

December  2,  1872, 

March  3,  1873, 

91      ' 

Forty-third, 

First, 

December  1,  1873, 

June  23,  1874, 

204     ' 

1 

*  u 

Second, 

December  7,  1874, 

March  3,  1875, 

87      ' 

Forty-fourth, 

First, 

December  6,  1875, 

August  15,  1876, 

254     ' 

' 

M 

Second, 

December  4,  1876, 

March  3,  1877, 

90      ' 

Forty-fifth, 

First, 
Second, 

October  15,  1877, 
December  3,  1877, 

December  3,  1877, 
June    20,  1878, 

50     ' 
200     ' 

' 

Third, 

December  2,  1878, 

March  3,  1879, 

92     ' 

THE    EXECUTIVE. 


THE    EXECUTIVE. 


FIRST  ADMINISTRATION. —WASHINGTON.  — March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON  of  Virginia  was  unanimously  elected,  receiving  69  electoral  votes.  His  cabinet 
was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  Thomas  Jefferson  of  Virginia,  appointed  Sept.  26,  1789. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  —  Alexander  Hamilton  of  New  York,  appointed  Sept.  11,  1789. 

Secretary  of  War  and  of  the  Navy.  —  Henry  Knox  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  Sept.  12,  1789. 

Attorney-General  —  Edmund  Randolph  of  Virginia,  appointed  Sept.  2<5,  1789. 

JOHN  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  34  votes;  while  John  Jay  had  9 
votes;  Robert  H.  Harrison,  6;  John  Rutledge,  6;  John  Hancock,  4;  George  Clinton,  3;  Samuel  Huntington, 
2;  James  Armstrong,  1;  Edward  Telf air,  1;  and  Benjamin  Lincoln,  1. 


SECOND  ADMINISTRATION.  —  WASHINGTON.  —  March  4,  1791-March  3,  1797. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON  of  Virginia  was  unanimously  re-elected  President,  receiving  132  votes.    His  cabinet 
was:  — 


cut,  Feb       1795 

Secretaries  of  War  and  of  the  Navy.  —  Henry  Knox,  continued  ;  Timothy  Pickering  of  Massachusetts, 
Jan.  2,1795;  James  McHenry  of  Maryland,  Jan.  27,  17(J6. 

Attorneys-General.  —  Edmund  Randolph  of  Virginia,  continued;  William  Bradford  of  Pennsylvania,  Jan. 
28,  1794;  Charles  Lee  of  Virginia,  Dec.  10,  1795. 

JOHN  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts  was  re-elected  Vice-President,  receiving  77  votes;  while  George  Clinton 
had  50  votes;  Thomas  Jefferson,  4;  and  Aaron  Burr,  1. 


THIRD  ADMINISTRATION.— JOHN  ADAMS.— March  4,  1797-March  3,  1801. 

JOHN  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  vote  of  New  Hampshire,  Mas 
sachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  and  Delaware,  with  10  scattering 
votes  from  other  States,  making  71  of  the  140  votes  cast.  His  cabinet  was:  — 

Secretaries  of  State.  — Timothy  Pickering  of  Massachusetts,  continued;  John  Marshall  of  Virginia,  May  13, 
1800. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury. — Oliver  Wolcott  of  Connecticut,  continued;  Samuel  Dexter  of  Massachusetts, 
Jan.  1,  1801. 

Secretaries  of  War.  — James  McHenry  of  Maryland,  continued;  Samuel  Dexter  of  Massachusetts,  May  13, 
1800. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  George  Cabot  of  Massachusetts,  May  3,  1798;  Benjamin  Stoddard  of  Maryland, 
May  21,  1798. 

Attorney-General.  — Charles  Lee  of  Virginia,  continued. 

THOMAS  JEFFERSON  of  Virginia  was  elected  Vice-President,  having  the  next  highest  number  of  votes  to 
the  President,  —  68;  while  Thomas  Pinkney  had  58;  Aaron  Burr,  30;  Samuel  Adams,  15;  Oliver  Ellsworth,  11; 
George  Clinton,  7;  John  Jay,  5;  James  Iredell,  3;  Samuel  Johnston,  2;  George  Washington,  2;  John  Henry,  2; 
and  Charles  C.  Pinckney,  1. 


FOURTH  ADMINISTRATION.— JEFFERSON.— March  4,  1801-March  3,  1805. 

THOMAS  JEFFERSON  of  Virginia  was  elected  President  by  the  House  of  Representatives,  he  and  Aaron 
Burr  having  each  received  73  electoral  votes;  while  John  Adams  had  65  votes;  Charles  C.  Pinckney  had  64; 
and  John  Jay,  1.  The  House  of  Representatives  voted  to  commence  balloting  on  Wednesday,  Feb.  11,  1801, 
and  not  to  adjourn  until  a  choice  was  effected.  Seats  were  provided  upon  the  floor  for^the  President  and  the 
senators;  but,  during  the  act  of  1 
Upon  the  first  ballot.  New  York, 

Tennessee  (8)  voted  lor  Thomas  t, , , , 

ware,  and  South  Carolina  (0)  voted  for  Aaron  Burr;  and  the  votes  of  Vermont  and  Maryland  (the  representa 
tives  of  which  were  divided)  were  given  blank.    The  balloting  was  continued,  and  the  House  remained  m 

215 


216  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

session,  nominally  without  adjournment,  for  seven  days,  during  which  104:  members  were  present.  Some  of 
them  were  so  infirm  or  indisposed,  that  it  was  necessary  to  provide  beds  for  them;  and  one  member,  who  was 
quite  ill,  was  attended  by  his  wife.  On  the  thirty-sixth  ballot,  which  was  taken  on  the  afternoon  of  the  17th, 
the  votes  of  Delaware  and  South  Carolina  were  given  blank;  while  those  of  Vermont  and  Maryland  were 
given  to  Mr.  Jefferson,  and  elected  him.  His  cabinet  was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  James  Madison  of  Virginia,  March  5,  1801. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  —  Albert  Gallatin  of  Pennsylvania,  May  14,  1801. 

Secretary  of  War.  — Henry  Dearborn  of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1801. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  Benjamin  Stoddard  of  Maryland,  continued ;  Robert  Smith  of  Maryland,  July 
15, 1801;  Jacob  Crowninshield  of  Massachusetts,  March  2,  1805. 

Attorneys-General.  —  Levi  Lincoln  of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1801 ;  Robert  Smith  of  Maryland,  March  2, 1805. 

AARON  BURR  of  New  York  became  Vice-President  when  Mr.  Jefferson  was  elected  President. 


FIFTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —JEFFERSON.  — March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809. 

THOMAS  JEFFERSON  of  Virginia  was  re-elected  President,  receiving  162  of  the  170  votes  cast.  This  com 
prised  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  all  the  States,  except  Connecticut,  Delaware,  and  Maryland;  the  two  first  of 
which  threw  their  full  vote  for  Charles  Cotesworth  Pinckney,  and  the  last  gave  9  votes  for  Mr.  Jefferson,  and 
2  for  Mr.  Pinckney.  His  cabinet  was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  James  Madison  of  Virginia,  continued. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasim/. — Albert  Gallatin  of  Pennsylvania,  continued. 

Secretary  of  War. — Henry  Dearborn  of  Massachusetts,  continued. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  — Jacob  Crowninshield  of  Massachusetts,  continued. 

Attorneys-General.  — Robert  Smith  of  Maryland,  continued;  John  Breckinridge  of  Kentucky,  Dec.  25,  1805; 
Caasar  A.  Rodney  of  Delaware,  Jan.  20,  1807. 

GEORGE  CLINTON  of  New  York  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  162  of  the  176  votes  cast.  This  com 
prised  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  all  the  States,  except  9  from  Connecticut,  3  from  Delaware,  and  2  of  the  11 
votes  from  Maryland,  making  14  votes  for  Rufus  King  of  New  York. 


SIXTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  MADISON.  —March  4,  1809-March  3,  1813. 

JAMES  MADISON  of  Virginia  was  elected  President,  having  received  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Vermont, 
Pennsylvania,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Tennessee,  Kentucky,  and  Ohio,  and  13  of  the  19  votes  of  New  York, 
9  of  the  11  of  Maryland,  and  11  of  the  14  of  North  Carolina,  — in  all,  122  of  the  175  votes  cast.  George  Clinton 
received  6  votes  of  New  York;  and  the  remaining  47  were  given  to  Charles  Cotesworth  Pinckuey.  His  cabi 
net  was :  — 

Secretaries  of  State.  — Robert  Smith  of  Maryland,  March  6,  1809;  James  Monroe  of  Virginia,  April  2,  1811. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury. — Albert  Gallatin  of  Pennsylvania,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  War.  — William  Eustis  of  Massachusetts,  March  7,  1809;  John  Armstrong  of  New  York,  Jan. 
13,  1813. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  — Paul  Hamilton  of  South  Carolina,  March  7, 1809;  William  Jones  of  Pennsylvania, 
Jan.  12, 1813. 

Attorneys-General.  —  Cresar  A.  Rodney  of  Delaware,  continued ;  William  Pinkney  of  Maryland,  Dec.  1 1, 181 1. 

GEORGE  CLINTON  of  New  York  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  113  votes;  while  Rufus  King  had  47; 
Jarnea  Madison,  3;  and  James  Monroe,  3. 


SEVENTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  MADISON. — March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817. 

JAMES  MADISON  of  Virginia  was  re-elected  President,  having  received  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Ver 
mont,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  North  and  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Ohio,  and  Louisiana, 
and  6  of  the  11  votes  of  Maryland,  — in  all,  128  of  the  217  votes  cast.  The  remaining  89  were  given  for  De  Witt 
Clinton  of  New  York.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretary  of  State. — James  Monroe  of  Virginia,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury. — Albert  Gallatin  of  Pennsylvania,  continued;  George  W.  Campbell  of  Ten 
nessee,  Feb.  9,  1814;  Alexander  J.  Dallas  of  Pennsylvania,  Oct.  6,  1814. 

Secretaries  of  War.  — John  Armstrong  of  New  York,  continued;  James  Monroe  of  Virginia,  Sept.  26,  1814; 
William  II.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  March  3,  1815. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  William  Jones  of  Pennsylvania,  continued;  Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield  of 
Massachusetts,  Dec.  19,  1814. 

Attorneys- General. — William  Pinkney  of  Maryland,  continued;  Richard  Rush,  Feb.  10,  1814. 

ELBRIDGE  GERRY  of  Massachusetts  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  131  votes ;  while  Jared  Ingersoll 
had  86. 


EIGHTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —MONROE.  —March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821. 

JAMES  MONROE  of  Virginia  was  elected  President,  having  received  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  every  State, 
except  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  and  Delaware,  —  in  all,  183  of  the  217  votes  cast;  the  remaining  34  being 
given  for  Rufus  King.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretary  of  State.  — John  Q.  Adams  of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1817. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  —  William  H.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  Oct.  22,  1817. 

Secretary  of  War.  — John  C.  Calhpun  of  South  Carolina,  Dec.  15,  1817. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  Benjamin  W.  Crowuinshield  of  Massachusetts,  continued;  Smith  Thompson  of 
New  York,  Nov.  9,  1818. 

Attorney-General. — William  Wirt  of  Virginia,  Dec.  15,  1817. 

DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  of  New  York  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  183  votes;  while  John  E.  How 
ard  had  22  votes;  James  Ross,  5;  John  Marshall,  4;  and  Robert  G.  Harper,  3. 


PRESIDENTS   AND   THEIR  CABINETS.  217 

NINTH  ADMINISTRATION. —MONROE. —March  4,  1821-March  3,  1825. 


Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  — William  H.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  continued. 

Secretan/  of  War.  —  John  C.  Calhoun  of  South  Carolina,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  Smith  Thompson  of  New  York,  continued;  Samuel  L.  Southard  of  New  Jersey, 
Sept.  16,  1823. 

Attorney-General.  —William  "Wirt  of  Virginia,  continued. 

DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  of  New  York  was  re-elected  Vice-President,  receiving  215  votes:  while  Richard 
Stockton  had  8  votes;  Daniel  Rodney,  4;  Eobert  G.  Harper,  1;  and  Richard  Rush  1. 


TENTH  ADMINISTRATION. — J.  Q.  ADAMS. —March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829. 

JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS  of  Massachusetts  was  elected  President  by  the  House  of  Representatives  the  elec 
toral  college  not  giving  either  of  the  four  candidates  — Andrew  Jackson,  John  Quincy  Adams,  William  H. 
Crawford,  or  Henry  Clay  —  the  requisite  majority,  which  was  132  votes.  Andrew  Jackson  received  99  votes, 


Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  and  Connecticut,  and  20  of  the  3G  votes  of 
New  York,  1  of  the  3  votes  of  Delaware,  3  of  the  11  votes  of  Maryland,  2  of  the  5  votes  of  Louisiana,  and  1 
of  the  3  votes  of  Illinois.  William  H.  Crawford  received  41  votes,  being  the  entire  vote  of  Virginia  and  of 
Georgia,  and  5  of  the  30  votes  of  New  York,  2  of  the  3  votes  of  Delaware,  and  1  of  the  11  votes  of  Maryland. 
Henry  Clay  received  37  votes,  being  the  entire  vote  of  Kentucky,  Ohio,  and  Missouri,  and  4  of  the  30  votes  of 
New  York.  The  House  of  Representatives  balloted  for  the  three  highest  candidates,  Messrs.  Jackson,  Adams, 
and  Crawford;  and  the  following  was  the  result  of  the  first  ballot:  For  John  Quincy  Adams,  Maine,  New 
Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  Maryland',  Ohio,  Kentucky,  Illi 
nois,  Missouri,  and  Louisiana, — 13  States;  for  Andrew  Jackson,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  South  Carolina, 
Tennessee,  Alabama,  Mississippi,  and  Indiana,  — 7  States;  for  William  H.  Crawford,  Delaware,  Virginia,  North 
Carolina,  and  Georgia, —4  States.  The  speaker  then  declared  that  John  Quincy  Adams,  having  received  a 
majority  of  the  votes  of  all  the  States,  was  duly  elected  President.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  Henry  Clay  of  Kentucky,  March  7,  1825. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  —  Richard  Rush  of  Pennsylvania,  March  7,  1825. 

Secretaries  of  War.  —  James  Barbour  of  Virginia,  March  7, 1825;  Peter  B.  Porter  of  New  York,  May  2G,  1828. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  — Samuel  L.  Southard  of  New  Jersey,  continued. 

Attorney -General.  — William  Wirt  of  Virginia,  continued. 

JOHN  C.  CALHOUN  of  South  Carolina  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  182  votes;  while  Nathan  San- 
ford  had  30  votes;  Nathaniel  Macon,  24;  Andrew  Jackson,  13;  Martin  Van  Buren,  9;  and  Henry  Clay,  2. 


ELEVENTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —JACKSON.  —March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833. 

ANDREW  JACKSON  of  Tennessee  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Pennsylvania, 
Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Ohio,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indi 
ana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  and  Missouri,  1  of  the  9  votes  of  Maine,  20  of  the  30  votes  of  New  York,  and  5  of  the 
11  votes  of  Maryland,  — 178  in  all;  John  Quincy  Adams  receiving  the  remaining  83  electoral  votes.  His  cabi 
net  was:  — 

Secretaries  of  State. — Martin  Van  Buren  of  New  York,  March  0,  1829;  Edward  Livingston  of  Louisiana, 
May  24,  1831. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury.  —  Samuel  D.  Ingham  of  Pennsylvania,  March  6,  1829 ;  Louis  McLane  of  Dela 
ware,  Aug.  8,  1831. 

Secretaries  of  War.  —  John  H.  Eaton  of  Tennessee,  March  9,  1829;  Lewis  Cass  of  Michigan,  Aug.  1,  1831. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  — John  Branch  of  North  Carolina,  March  9,  1829  ;  Levi  Woodbury  of  New  Hamp 
shire,  May,  1831. 

Postmaster-General. — William  T.  Barry  of  Kentucky,  March  9,  1829. 

Attorneys-General.  —  John  M.  Berrien  of  Georgia,  March  9, 1829;  Roger  B.  Taney  of  Maryland,  Dec.  27, 1831. 

JOHN  C.  CALHOUN  was  re-elected  Vice-President,  receiving  171  votes;  while  Richard  Rush  had  83  votes; 
and  William  Smith,  7. 


TWELFTH  ADMINISTRATION. —JACKSON.  — March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837. 

ANDREW  JACKSON  of  Tennessee  was  re-elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Maine, 
New  Hampshire,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  Georgia,  Tennessee,  Ohio, 
Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  and  Missouri,  with  3  of  the  8  votes  of  Maryland,  —  219. 
Henry  Clay  of  Kentucky  received  the  entire  vote  of  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Delaware, 
and  Kentucky,  with  5  of  the  8  votes  of  Maryland,  —49.  John  Floyd  received  the  entire  vote  of  South  Caro 
lina,  — 11 ;  and  William  Wirt,  the  entire  vote  of  Vermont,  —  7.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretaries  of  State.  —  Edward  Livingston  of  Louisiana,  continued;  Louis  McLane  of  Delaware,  May  /J, 
1833;  John  Forsyth  of  Georgia,  June  27,  1834. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury.  —  Louis  McLane  of  Delaware,  continued;  William  J.  Duane  of  Pennsylvania, 
May  29,  1833;  Levi  Woodbury  of  New  Hampshire,  June  27,  1834. 

Secretary  of  War.  —  Lewis  Cass  of  Michigan,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  Levi  Woodbury  of  New  Hampshire,  continued;  Mahlon  Dickerson  ot  ^ew  Jer- 

'  Postmasters-General.  —William  T.  Barry  of  Kentucky,  continued;  Amos  Kendall  of  Kentucky,  May  1, 1835. 
Attorneys-General.—  Roger  B.  Taney  of  Maryland,  continued;  Benj.  F.  Butler  of  New  York,  June  24, 18 
MARTIN  VAN  BUREN  of  New  York  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  189  votes;  while  John  bargeut 
had  49  votes,  William  Wilkins  had  30,  Henry  Lee  had  11,  and  Amos  Elmaker  had  7. 


218  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

THIRTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION. — VAN  BUREN. — March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841. 

MARTIN  VAN  BUREN  of  New  York  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Maine, 
New  Hampshire,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  Louisiana, 
Mississippi,  Illinois,  Alabama,  Missouri,  Arkansas,  Michigan,  — 170.  William  H.  Harrison  received  the  entire 
vote  of  Vermont,  New  Jersey,  Delaware,  Maryland,  Kentucky,  Ohio,  and  Indiana, — 73;  Hugh  L.  White,  the 
vote  of  Georgia  and  of  Tennessee,  —  2(5 ;  Daniel  Webster,  the  vote  of  Massachusetts,  — 14 ;  and  W.  P.  Mangum, 
the  vote  of  South  Caroliua,  — 11.  His  cabinet  was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  John  Forsyth  of  Georgia,  continued. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury/.  —  Leyi  Woodbury  of  New  Hampshire,  continued. 

Secretary  of  War.  —  Joel  R.  Poinsett  of  South  Carolina,  March  7,  1837. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  Mahlon  Dickerson  of  New  Jersey,  continued ;  James  K.  Paulding  of  New  York, 
June  30,  1838. 

Postmasters-General.  —Amos  Kendall  of  Kentucky,  continued;  John  M.  Niles  of  Connecticut,  May  25, 1840. 

Attorneys-General.  —  Benjamin  F.  Butler  of  New  York,  continued;  Felix  Grundy  of  Tennessee,  Sept.  1, 
1838;  Henry  D.  Gilpin  of  Pennsylvania,  Jan.  10,  1840. 

RICHARD  M.  JOHNSON  of  Kentucky  was  chosen  Vice-President  by  the  Senate,  no  one  having  received  a 
majority  of  the  electoral  votes,  which  stood:  Richard  M.  Johnson,  147;  Francis  Granger,  77;  John  Tyler,  47: 
William  Smith,  23. 


FOURTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  HARRISON.  —  March  4,  1841- April  4,  1841. 

WILLIAM  HENRY  HARRISON  of  Ohio  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Maine, 
Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Mary 
land,  North  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Ohio,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  and  Michigan,  — 
234.  Martin  Van  Buren  received  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  New  Hampshire,  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Illi 
nois,  Alabama,  Missouri,  and  Arkansas,  — 60.  His  cabinet  was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  — Daniel  Webster  of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1841. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.— Thomas  Ewing  of  Ohio,  March  5,  1841. 

Secretary  of  War.  —  John  Bell  of  Tennessee,  March  5,  1841. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.— George  E.  Badger  of  North  Carolina,  March  5,  1841. 

Postmaster-General.  —  Francis  Granger  of  New  York,  March  6,  1841. 

Attorney-General.  — John  J.  Crittenden  of  Kentucky,  March  5,  1841. 

JOHN  TYLER  of  Virginia  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  234  votes;  while  R.  M.  Johnson  had  48: 
L.  W.  Tazewell,  11;  and  James  K.  Polk,  1. 


FIFTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  TYLER.  —  April  4,  1841-March  3,  1845. 
JOHN  TYLER,  Vice-President,  became  President  after  the  death  of  Pres.  Harrison.    His  cabinet  was:  — 


George  M.  Bibb  of  Kentucky,  June  15,  1844. 

Secretaries  of  War.  —John  Bell  of  Tennessee,  continued;  JohnC.  Spencer  of  New  York,  Oct.  12, 1841;  William 
Wilkins  of  Pennsylvania,  Feb.  15,  1844. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  George  E.  Badger  of  North  Carolina,  continued;  Abel  P.  TTpshur  of  Virginia, 
Sept.  13,  1841;  David  Henshaw  of  Massachusetts,  July  24, 1843;  Thomas  W.  Gilmer  of  Virginia,  Feb.  15,  1844; 
John  Y.  Mason  of  Virginia,  March  14,  1844. 

Postmasters-General.  —  Francis  Granger  of  New  York,  continued;  Charles  A.  Wickliffe  of  Kentucky, 
Sept.  13,  1841. 

Attorneys-General.  —  John  J.  Crittenden  of  Kentuckv,  continued;  Hugh  S.  Legare"  of  South  Carolina- 
Sept.  13,  1841;  John  Nelson  of  Maryland,  Jan.  2,  1844. 


SIXTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  POLK.  —  March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849. 

JAMES  K.  POLK  of  Tennessee  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Maine,  New 
Hampshire,  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illi 
nois,  Alabama,  Missouri,  Arkansas,  and  Michigan,  — 170.  Henry  Clay  received  the  vote  of  Rhode  Island,  Mas 
sachusetts,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  Jersey,  Delaware,  Maryland,  North  Carolina,  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
and  Ohio,  — 105.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  James  Buchanan  of  Pennsylvania,  March  6,  1845. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  —  Robert  J.  Walker  of  Mississippi,  March  6, 1845. 

Secretary  of  War.  —  William  L.  Marcy  of  New  York,  March  5,  1845. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.— George  Bancroft  of  Massachusetts,  March  10,  1845;  John  Y.  Mason  of  Virginia, 
Sept.  9,  1846. 

Postmaster- General.  —Cave  Johnson  of  Tennessee,  March  5,  1845. 

Attorneys-General.  —  John  Y.  Mason  of  Virginia,  March  5,  1845;  Nathan  Clifford  of  Maine,  Dec.  23,  1846; 
Isaac  Toucey  of  Connecticut,  June  21,  1848. 

GEORGE  M.  DALLAS  of  Pennsylvania  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  170  votes;  while  T.  Freling- 
huysen  had  105. 


SEVENTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  TAYLOR.  —  March  4,  1849-July  9,  1850. 

ZACHARY  TAYLOR  of  Louisiana  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Massachusetts, 
Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  North 
Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Louisiana,  and  Florida,  —  1(J.'3  votes.  Lewis  Cass  received  the  entire 
Vote  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Ohio,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  Mis 
souri,  Arkansas,  Michigan,  Texas,  Iowa,  and  Wisconsin,  —  127  votes.  His  cabinet  was:  — 


PRESIDENTS   AND   THEIR  CABINETS.  219 

Secretary  of  State.  —  John  M.  Clayton  of  Delaware,  March  7,  1849. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.—  William  M.  Meredith  of  Pennsylvania,  March  8  1849 

Secretary  of  War.  —George  W.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  March  6,  1849. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  —  William  B.  Preston  of  Virginia,  March  8,  1849. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior.  —  Thomas  Ewing  of  Ohio,  March  7,  1849. 

Postmaster-General.  — Jacob  Collamer  of  Vermont,  March  7,  1849. 

Attorney-General. — Reverdy  Johnson  of  Maryland,  March  7,  1849. 

MiLLARD  P.  FILLMOKE  of  New  York  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  163  votes;  while  William  O. 

tl«r  recfiivfirl  197 


Butler  received  127. 


EIGHTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  FILLMORE.—  July  9,  1850-March  3,  1853. 

MILLARD  FILLMOKE,  Vice-President,  became  President  after  the  death  of  Pres.  Taylor.    His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretaries  of  State.  — John  M.  Clayton  of  Delaware,  continued;  Daniel  Webster  of  Massachusetts  July  20 
1850;  Edward  Everett  of  Massachusetts,  Nov.  6,  1852. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury.  — William  M.  Meredith  of  Pennsylvania,  continued;  Thomas  Corwin  of  Ohio, 
•July  s-iOj  loDUi 

Secretaries  of  War.  —  George  W.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  continued;  Charles  M.  Conrad  of  Louisiana,  July  15, 
3850. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  William  B.  Preston  of  Virginia,  continued ;  William  A.  Graham  of  North  Carolina. 
July  22,  1850;  John  P.  Kennedy  of  Maryland,  July  22,  1852. 

___  Secretaries  of  the  Interior.  —  Thomas  Ewing  of  Ohio,  continued;  Alexander  H.  H.  Stuart  of  Virginia,  July  22, 
18oO. 

Postmasters- General.  —  Jacob  Collamer  of  Vermont,  continued;  Nathan  K.  Hall  of  New  York,  July 20  1850: 
Samuel  D.  Hubbard  of  Connecticut,  Sept.  14,  1852. 

Attorneys-General.  —  Reverdy  Johnson  of  Maryland,  continued;  John  J.  Crittenden  of  Kentucky,  July  20, 


NINETEENTH  ADMINISTRATION. — PIERCE. —March  4,  1853-March  3,  1857. 

FRANKLIN  PIERCE  of  New  Hampshire  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Maine, 
New  Hampshire,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Maryland, 
Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Florida,  Alabama,  Mississippi,  Louisiana,  Texas,  Arkan 
sas,  Ohio,  Michigan,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Missouri,  Iowa,  Wisconsin,  and  California, — 254.  Winfield  Scott 
received  the  vote  of  Vermont,  Massachusetts,  Tennessee,  and  Kentucky,  — 42.  His  cabinet  was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  William  L.  Marcy  of  New  York,  March  7,  1853. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  — James  Guthrie  of  Kentucky,  March  7,  1853. 

Secretary  of  War.  —  Jefferson  Davis  of  Mississippi,  March  7,  1853. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.— James  C.  Dobbin  of  North  Carolina,  March  7,  1853. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior.  —  Robert  McClelland  of  Michigan,  March  6,  1853. 

Postmaster-General. — James  Campbell  of  Pennsylvania,  March  7,  1853. 

Attorney- General.  —  Caleb  Cushing  of  Massachusetts,  March  7,  1853. 

WILLIAM  R.  KING  of  Alabama  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  254  votes;  while  William  A.  Graham 
had  42. 


TWENTIETH  ADMINISTRATION.  —BUCHANAN.  —March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861. 

JAMES  BUCHANAN  of  Pennsylvania  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  New 
Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky.  Tennessee, 
Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  Missouri,  Arkansas,  Florida,  Texas,  and  California, — 173. 
John  C.  Fremont  received  the  entire  vote  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecti 
cut,  Vermont,  New  York,  Ohio,  Michigan,  Iowa,  and  Wisconsin,  —114.  Millard  Fillmore  received  the  vote  of 
Maryland,  —  8.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretaries  of  State. —  'Lewis  Cass  of  Michigan,  March  6,  1857;  Jeremiah  S.  Black  of  Pennsylvania,  Dec.  17, 
1860. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury.  —  Ho  well  Cobb  of  Georgia,  March  6,  1857;  Philip  F.  Thomas  of  Maryland,  Dec. 
12,  1860;  John  A.  Dix  of  New  York,  Jan.  11,  1861. 

Secretaries  of  War.  —  John  B.  Floyd  of  Virginia,  March  5, 1857;  Joseph  Holt  of  Kentucky,  Dec.  31,  1861. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  — Isaac  Toucey  of  Connecticut,  March  6,  1857. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior.  — Jacob  Thompson  of  Mississippi,  March  5,  1857. 

Postmasters-General.  —Aaron  V.  Brown  of  Tennessee,  March  6,  1857;  Joseph  Holt  of  Kentucky,  March  14, 
1859;  Horatio  King  of  Maine,  Feb.  12, 1861. 

Attorneys-General.  —  Jeremiah  S.  Black  of  Pennsylvania,  March  5,  1857;  Edwin  M.  Stanton  of  Ohio,  Dec. 
31,  1860. 

JOHN  C.  BRECKINRIDGE  of  Kentucky  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  173  votes;  while  W.  L.  Dayton 
had  114  ;  and  A.  J.  Donelson,  8. 


TWENTY-FIRST  ADMINISTRATION.  — LINCOLN.  — March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865. 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN  of  Illinois  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  vote  of California,  Connecticut, 
Illinois, 
Oreg 
inric 

nesse'e7a7id  Vlrginia7^39r "Stephen  ArDouglas  received  the  vote  of  Missouri,  and  3  of  New  Jersey,  —  12. 
cabinet  was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  William  H.  Seward  of  New  York,  March  5,  1861. 


220  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury.  —  Salmon  P.  Chase  of  Ohio,  March  7,  1861 ;  William  P.  Fessenden  of  Maine, 
July  1, 1864. 

Secretaries  of  War.  —  Simon  Cameron  of  Pennsylvania,  March  4,  1861 ;  Edwin  M.  Stanton  of  Ohio,  Jan.  11, 
1862. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  — Gideon  "Welles  of  Connecticut,  March  5,  1861. 

Secretaries  of  the  Interior. — Caleb  B.  Smith  of  Indiana,  March  5,  1861;  John  P.  Usher  of  Indiana,  Jan  8, 
1863. 

Postmasters-General.  —  Montgomery  Blair  of  Maryland,  March  7,  1861:  William  Dennison  of  Ohio,  Oct.  1, 
1864. 

Attorneys-General.  —Edward  Bates  of  Missouri,  March  5,  1861;  James  Speed  of  Kentucky,  Dec.  2,  1864. 

HANNIBAL  HAMLIN  of  Maine  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  180  votes;  while  Joseph  Lane  received 
72;  Edward  Everett,  39;  and  Herschel  V.  Johnson,  12. 


TWENTY-SECOND  ADMINISTRATION. — LINCOLN.  —  March  4,  1865- April  15,  1865. 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN  of  Illinois  was  re-elected  President,  receiving  the  votes  of  Maine,  Massachusetts,  New 
Hampshire,  Vermont,  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island,  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Maryland,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Michi 
gan,  Illinois,  Iowa,  Minnesota,  Wisconsin,  Missouri,  Kansas,  West  Virginia,  Oregon,  California,  and  Nevada, 
—  212.  George  B.  McClellan  received  the  vote  of  New  Jersey,  Delaware,  and  Kentucky,  —  21.  Hia  cabinet 
was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  — William  H.  Seward  of  New  York,  continued. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  —  Hugh  McCulloch  of  Indiana,  March  7,  1865. 

Secretary  of  War.  —  Edwin  M.  Stanton  of  Ohio,  continued. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  —  Gideon  Welles  of  Connecticut,  continued. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior.  —  John  P.  Usher  of  Indiana,  continued. 

Postmaster-General.  —  William  Dennison  of  Ohio,  continued. 

Attorney-General.  — James  Speed  of  Kentucky,  continued. 

ANDREW  JOHNSON  of  Tennessee  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  212  votes;  while  George  H.  Pendle- 
ton  received  21. 


TWENTY-THIRD  ADMINISTRATION. — JOHNSON.  —  April  15,  1865-March  3,  1869. 

ANDREW  JOHNSON,  Vice-President,  became  President  after  the  death  of  Pres.  Lincoln.    His  cabinet  was:  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  William  H.  Seward  of  New  York,  continued. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.— Hugh  McCulloch  of  Indiana,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  War.  —Edwin  M.  Stanton  of  Ohio,  continued;  John  M.  Schofieldof  New  York,  April  23,  1868. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  —  Gideon  Welles  of  Connecticut,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  the  Interior.  —  John  P.  Usher  of  Indiana,  continued;  James  Harlan  of  Iowa,  May  15,  1865; 
Orville  H.  Browning  of  Illinois,  Sept.  1,  1866. 

Postmasters-General.  —  William  Dennison  of  Ohio,  continued;  Alexander  W.  Randall,  July  24,  1866. 

Attorneys- General.  —  James  Speed  of  Kentucky,  continued;  Henry  Stanbery  of  Kentucky.  July  23, 1866: 
William  M.  Evarts  of  New  York,  July  15,  1868. 


TWENTY-FOURTH  ADMINISTRATION.  —  GRANT. — March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873. 

ULYSSES  S.  GRANT  of  Illinois  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Alabama, 
Arkansas,  California,  Connecticut,  Florida,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Michigan, 
Minnesota,  Missouri,  Nebraska,  Nevada,  New  Hampshire,  North  Carolina,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island, 
South  Carolina,  Tennessee,  Vermont,  West  Virginia,  and  Wisconsin,  —214.  Horatio  Seymour  of  New  York 
received  the  vote  of  Delaware,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Louisiana,  Maryland,  New  Jersey,  New  York,  and  Oregon, 
—  80.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secretaries  of  State.  —  Elihu  B.  Washburne  of  Illinois,  March  5,  1869;  Hamilton  Fish  of  New  York,  March 
11, 1869. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury/.  —  George  S.  Bout  well  of  Massachusetts,  March  11,  1869. 

Secretaries  of  War.  —  John  A.  Rawlins  of  lUinois,  March  11,  1869;  W.  W.  Belknap  of  Iowa,  Oct.  3,  1869. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy.  —  Adolph  E.  Borie  of  Pennsylvania,  March  5,  1869;  George  M.  Robeson  of  New 
Jersey,  June  25,  1869. 

Secretaries  of  the  Interior.  —Jacob  D.  Cox  of  Ohio,  March  5,  1869;  Columbus  Delano  of  Ohio,  Nov.  1,  1870. 

Postmaster-General.  —  John  A.  J.  Creswell  of  Maryland,  March  5,  1869. 

Attorneys- General.  —  Ebenezer  R.  Hoar  of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1869;  Amos  T.  Akerman  of  Georgia, 
June  23,  1870;  George  H.  Williams  of  Oregon,  Jan.  10,  1872. 

SCHUYLER  COLFAX  of  Indiana  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  214  votes;  while  Francis  P.  Blair,  jun., 
received  80. 


TWENTY-FIFTH  ADMINISTRATION. —  GRANT. —March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877. 

ULYSSES  S.  GRANT  was  re-elected  President,  receiving  the  electoral  votes  of  Alabama,  California,  Con 
necticut,  Delaware,  Florida,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Michigan,  Minnesota, 
Mississippi,  Nebraska,  Nevada,  New  Hampshire,  New  Jersey,  New  York,  North  Carolina,  Ohio,1  Oregon,  Penn 
sylvania,  Rhode  Island,  South  Carolina,  Vermont,  Virginia,  West  Virginia,  and  Wisconsin, — 292.  Horace 
Greeley,  had  he  lived,  would  have  received  the  votes  of  Arkansas,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Maryland,  Missouri, 
Tennessee,  and  Texas;  but,  he  having  died  before  the  meetings  of  the  electors,  the  votes  of  these  States  were 
cast  for  Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  42;  B.  Gratz  Brown,  18;  Horace  Greeley,  3;  Charles  J.  Jenkins,  2;  and  David 
Davis,  1,  —  66.  His  cabinet  was :  — 

Secrctanj  of  State.  —Hamilton  Fish  of  New  York,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasunj.  —William  A.  Richardson  of  Massachusetts,  March  17,  1873;  Benjamin  H.  Bris- 
tow  of  Kentucky,  June  4,  1874. 


PRESIDENTS   AND   THEEB  CABINETS.  221 

Secretaries  of  War.  —  "William  "W.  Belknap  of  Iowa,  continued;  Alphonso  Taft  of  Ohio,  March  7,  187G; 
James  Donald  Cameron  of  Pennsylvania,  May  22,  1876. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  —  George  M.  Robeson  of  New  Jersey,  continued. 

Secretaries  of  the  Interior.  —  Columbus  Delano  of  Ohio,  continued;  Zachariah  Chandler  of  Michigan,  Oct.  19, 
1875. 

Postmasters-General. — John  A.  J.  Creswell  of  Maryland,  continued;  James  "W.  Marshall  of  Virginia, 
July  3,  1874;  Marshall  Jewell  of  Connecticut,  Sept.  1,  1874;  James  N.  Tyner  of  Indiana,  July  12,  1876. 

Attorneys-General.  —  George  H.  Williams  of  Oregon,  continued ;  Edwarda  Pierrepont  of  New  York, 
May  15,  1875  ;  Alphonso  Taft  of  Ohio,  May  22,  1876. 

HENKY  WILSON  of  Massachusetts  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  292  votes;  while  B.  Gratz  Brown 
received  55  votes,  and  the  remaining  19  votes  were  scattered  among  different  candidates. 


TWENTY-SIXTH  ADMINISTRATION. — HAYES. — March  4,  1877- 

KUTHERFOKD  B.  HATES  of  Ohio  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  electoral  votes  of  California,  Colo 
rado,  Florida,  Illinois,  Kansas,  Louisiana,  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Michigan,  Minnesota,  Nebraska,  Nevada, 
New  Hampshire,  Ohio,  Oregon,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island,  South  Carolina,  Vermont,  and  Wisconsin,  — 185. 
Samuel  J.  Tilden  received  the  entire  vote  of  Alabama,  Arkansas,  Connecticut,  Delaware,  Georgia,  Indiana, 
Kentucky,  Maryland,  Mississippi,  Missouri,  New  Jersey,  New  York,  North  Carolina,  Tennessee,  Texas,  Vir 
ginia,  and  West  Virginia,  — 184.  His  cabinet  is :  — 

Secretary  of  State.  —  William  M.  Evarts  of  New  York,  March  12,  1877. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  — John  Sherman  of  Ohio,  March  8,  1877. 

Secretary  of  War.  —  George  W.  McCrary  of  Iowa,  March  12,  1877. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy.  —  Richard  W.  Thompson  of  Indiana,  March  12,  1877. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior.  —  Carl  Schurz  of  Missouri,  March  12,  1877. 

Postmaster-General.  —  David  M.  Key  of  Tennessee,  March  12,  1877. 

Attorney-General.  —  Charles  Devens  of  Massachusetts,  March  12,  1877. 

WILLIAM  A.  WHEELER  of  New  York  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  185  votes ;  while  Thomas  A. 
Hendricks  received  184. 


222 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  STATE. 


SECRETARIES   OF   FOREIGN   AFFAIRS. 


Robert  R.  Livingston  of  New  York,  from  Oct.  20,  1781. 
Elias  Boudinot  of  New  Jersey,  from  June,  1783,  ad 
int. 


Thomas  Mifflin  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Nov.  3, 1783,  ad 

int. 
John  Jay  of  New  York,  from  Dec.  21, 1784. 


SECRETARIES   OF   STATE. 


Thomas  Jefferson  of  Virginia,  from  March  21,  1790. 
Edmund  Randolph  of  Virginia,  from  Jan.  2,  1794. 
Timothy  Pickering  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Aug.  19, 

1795,  ad  int. 

Timothy  Pickering  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Dec.  10, 1795. 
John  Marshall  of  Virginia,  from  May  13,  1800. 
James  Madison  of  Virginia,  from  March  5,  1801. 
Robert  Smitli  of  Maryland,  from  March  G,  1809. 
James  Monroe  of  Virginia,  from  April  2,  1811. 
John  Quincy  Adams  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  5, 

1817. 

Henry  Clay  of  Kentucky,  from  March  7,  1825. 
James  A.  Hamilton  of  New  York,  from  March  4,  1829, 

ad  int. 

Martin  Van  Buren  of  New  York,  from  March  6,  1829. 
Edward  Livingston  of  Louisiana,  from  May  24,  1831. 
Louis  McLane  of  Delaware,  from  May  29,  1833. 
John  Forsyth  of  Georgia,  from  June  27,  1834. 
J.  L.  Martin  of  North  Carolina,  from  March  3,  1841,  ad 

int. 

Daniel  Webster  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  5,  1841. 
Hugh  S.  Legar^  of  South  Carolina,  from  May  9,  1843, 

ad  int. 


Abel  P.  TJpshur  of  Virginia,  from  June  24, 1843,  ad  int. 
Abel  P.  Upshur  of  Virginia,  from  July  24,  1843. 
John  Nelson  of  Maryland,  from  Feb.  29,  1844,  ad  int. 
John  C.  Calhoun  of  South  Carolina,  from  March  6, 

1844. 

James  Buchanan  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  6, 1845. 
John  M.  Clayton  of  Delaware,  from  March  7,  1849. 
Daniel  Webster  of  Massachusetts,  from  July  22,  1850. 
Charles  M.  Conrad  of  Louisiana,  from  Sept.  2,  1852,  ad 

int. 

Edward  Everett  of  Massachusetts,  from  Nov.  6,  1852. 
William  Hunter  of  Rhode  Island,  from  March  3,  1853, 

ad  int. 

William  L.  Marcy  of  New  York,  from  March  7,  1853. 
Lewis  Cass  of  Michigan,  from  March  6, 1857. 
William  Hunter  of  Rhode  Island,  from  Dec.  12,  1860, 

ad  int. 

Jeremiah  S.  Black  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Dec.  17, 1860. 
William  H.  Seward  of  New  York,  from  March  5,  1861. 
Elihu  B.  Washburne  of  Illinois,  from  March  5,  1869. 
Hamilton  Fish  of  New  York,  from  March  11,  1869. 
William  M.  Evarts  of   New   York,   from  March  12, 

1877. 


The  secretary  of  state  is  charged,  under  the  direction  of  the  President,  with  the  duties  appertaining  to 
correspondence  with  the  public  ministers  and  consuls  of  the  United  States,  and  with  the  representatives  of 
foreign  powers  accredited  to  the  United  States,  and  to  negotiations  of  whatever  character  relating  to  the  for 
eign  affairs  of  the  United  States.  He  is  also  the  medium  of  correspondence  between  the  President  and  the 
chief  executive  of  the  several  States  of  the  United  States.  He  has  the  custody  of  the  great  seal  of  the  United 
states,  and  countersigns  and  affixes  such  seal  to  all  executive  proclamations,  to  various  commissions,  and  to 
warrants  for  pardon,  and  the  extradition  of  fugitives  from  justice.  He  is  regarded  as  the  first  in  rank  among 
the  members  of  the  cabinet.  He  is  also  the  custodian  of  the  treaties  made  with  foreign  States,  and  of  the 
laws  of  the  United  States.  He  grants  and  issues  passports;  and  exequaturs  to  foreign  consuls  in  the  United 
States  are  issued  through  his  office.  He  publishes  the  laws  and  resolutions  of  Congress,  amendments  to  the 
Constitution,  and  proclamations  declaring  the  admission  of  new  States  into  the  Union.  He  is  also  charged 
with  certain  annual  reports  to  Congress  relating  to  commercial  information  received  from  diplomatic  and 
consular  officers  of  the  United  States. 

ASSISTANT   SECRETARIES   OF   STATE. 


A.  Dudley  Mann  of  Ohio,  from  March  23,  1853. 
William  Hunter  of  Rhode  Island,  from  May  8, 1855,  ad 

int. 
John  A.  Thomas  of  New  York,  from  Nov.  1,  1855. 


John  Apple 
William  H. 


leton  of  Maine,  from  April  4,  1857. 


1860. 


Trescot  of  South  Carolina,  from  June  8, 


Frederick  W.  Seward  of  New  York,  from  March  6, 1861. 


J.  C.  Bancroft  Davis  of  New  York,  from  March  25, 

1869. 

Charles  Hale  of  Massachusetts,  from  Feb.  19,  1872. 
J.  C.  Bancroft  Davis  of  New  York,   from  Jan.   24, 

1873. 

John  L.  Cadwalader  of  New  York,  from  July  1,  1874. 
Frederick  W.  Seward  of  New  York,  from  March  16, 

1877. 


The  assistant  secretary  of  state  becomes  the  acting  secretary  of  state  in  the  absence  of  the  secretary. 


SECOND   ASSISTANT    SECRETARY   OF   STATE. 
William  Hunter  of  Rhode  Island,  from  July  27,  1866. 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


223 


THIRD  ASSISTANT  SECRETARY  OF  STATE. 
John  A.  Campbell  of  Ohio,  from  Feb.  24, 1875.  |  Charles  Payson  of  Massachusetts,  from  June  1, 1878. 

Under  the  organization  of  the  department,  the  assistant  secretary,  second  assistant  secretary,  and  third 
assistant  secretary,  are  respectively  charged  with  the  immediate  supervision  of  all  correspondence  with  the 
diplomatic  and  consular  officers  in  the  countries  named  in  divisions  A,  B,  and  C  of  those  bureaus,  and  of  the 
miscellaneous  correspondence  relating  thereto;  and,  in  general,  they  are  intrusted  with  the  preparation  of 
the  correspondence  upon  any  questions  arising  in  the  course  of  the  public  business  that  may  be  assigned  to 
them  by  the  secretary. 

CHIEF  CLERKS. 


Henry  Eemsen,  jun.,  of  New  York,  from  March  2, 1784. 
Roger  Aklen  of  Connecticut,  from  July  25,  1789. 
Henry  Remsen,  jun.,  of  New  York,  from  Sept.  10, 1790. 
George  Taylor,  jun.,  of  New  York,  from  April  1,  1792. 
Jacob  Wagner  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Feb.  8,  1798. 
John  Graham  of  Virginia,  from  July  1,  1807. 
Daniel  Brent  of  Virginia,  from  Sept.  21,  1817. 
Asbury   Dickins    ot   North    Carolina,   from   Aug.  8, 

1833. 
Aaron  Ogden  Dayton  of  New  Jersey,  from  March  13, 

1837. 

Aaron  Vail  of  New  York,  from  June  26,  1839. 
J.  L.  Martin  of  North  Caroliua,  from  July  15,  1840. 


Daniel  Fletcher  Webster  of  Massachusetts,  from  March 

6,  1841. 
William  S.  Derrick  of  Pennsylvania,  from  April  24, 

1843. 

Richard  K.  Crall6  of  Virginia,  from  April  10,  1844. 
Nicholas  P.  Trist  of  Virginia,  from  Aug.  28,  1845. 
John  Appleton  of  Maine,  from  Jan.  20,  1848. 
William  S.  Derrick  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Aprils,  1849. 
William  Hunter  of  Rhode  Island,  from  May  17,  1852. 
Robert  S.  Chew  of  Virginia,  from  May  8,  1855. 
William  Hunter  of  Rhode  Island,  from  Nov.  1,  1855. 
Robert  S.  Chew  of  Virginia,  from  July  27,  I860. 
Sevellon  A.  Brown  of  New  York,  from  Aug.  7, 1873. 


The  chief  clerk  has  the  general  supervision  of  the  clerks  and  employe's  of  the  department. 

EXAMINERS   OF    CLAIMS. 

E.  Peshine  Smith  of  New  York,  from  July  27,  1866.        I  Henry  O'Connor  of  Iowa,  from  Feb.  9, 1872. 
Charles  C.  Beaman,  jun.,  of  New  York,  from  Nov.  1,1871.  | 

The  examiner  of  claims,  who  is  subordinate  to  the  attorney-general,  has  to  examine  all  questions  of  law 
and  other  matters  submitted  by  the  secretary  of  state  or  the  assistant  secretary,  and  all  claims  before  the 
department  of  state. 

CHIEFS   OF   THE    BUREAU   OF   INDEXES   AND   ARCHIVES. 
Sevellon  A.  Brown  of  New  York,  from  July  1,  1873.       |  John  H.  Haswell  of  New  York,  from  Aug.  7,  1873. 

The  duty  of  opening  the  mails;  preparing,  registering,  and  indexing  daily  all  correspondence  to  and  from 
the  department,  both  by  subjects  and  persons;  the  preservation  of  the  archives;  answering  calls  of  the  secre 
tary,  assistant  secretaries,  chief  clerk,  and  chiefs  of  bureaus  for  correspondence,  &c. 

CHIEFS    OF   THE   DIPLOMATIC   BUREAU. 
Henry  D.  J.  Pratt  of  Massachusetts,  from  July  1, 1874.  |  Charles  Payson  of  Massachusetts,  from  April  12,  1876. 

Diplomatic  correspondence,  and  miscellaneous  correspondence  relating  thereto. 

Division  A. — Correspondence  with  Austria,  Belgium,  Denmark,  France,  Germany,  Great  Britain,  Nether 
lands,  Portugal,  Spain,  Sweden,  and  Nonvay,  and  Switzerland,  and  miscellaneous  correspondence  relating  to 
those  countries. 

Division  U. — Correspondence  with  Argentine  Republic,  Brazil,  Central  America,  Chili,  Greece,  Hawaiian 
Islands,  Hayti,  Italy,  Liberia,  Mexico,  Paraguay,  Peru,  Russia,  San  Domingo,  Uruguay,  and  Venezuela,  and 
miscellaneous  correspondence  relating  to  those  countries. 

Division  C.  —  Correspondence  with  Barbary  States,  China,  Egypt,  Friendly  and  Navigator's  Islands,  Japan, 
Madagascar,  Muscat,  Siam,  Society  Islands,  Turkey,  and  other  countries  not  assigned,  and  miscellaneous 
correspondence  relating  to  those  countries. 

CHIEF  OF  THE  CONSULAR  BUREAU. 
Arthur  B.  Wood  of  Virginia,  from  July  1,  1874. 

Correspondence  with  consulates,  and  miscellaneous  correspondence  relating  thereto. 

There  arc  three  divisions,  A,  B,  and  C,  with  certain  countries  allotted  to  each,  as  in  the  diplomatic  bureau. 

CHIEFS   OF   THE   BUREAU   OF   ACCOUNTS. 
Edward  Haywood  of  New  York,  from  July  1,  1873.        |  Robert  C.  Morgan  of  New  York,  from  Aug.  15,  1874. 

Custody  and  disbursement  of  appropriations  under  direction  of  the  department;  charged  with  custody 
of  indemnity  funds  and  bonds;  care  of  the  building  and  property  of  the  department. 


CHIEF  OF  THE  BUREAU  OF  ROLLS  AND  LIBRARY. 
Ferdinand  Jefferson  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  July  1,  1874. 

Custody  of  the  rolls,  treaties,  &c. ;  promulgation  of  the  laws,  &c. ;  care  and  superintendence  of  the  library 
and  public  documents;  care  of  the  revolutionary  archives,  and  of  papers  relating  to  international  commissions. 


224 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  TREASURY  DEPARTMENT. 


SECRETARIES  OF  THE  TREASURY. 


Alexander  Hamilton  of  New  York,  from  Sept.  11. 

1789. 
Oliver  Wolcott,  jun.,  of  Connecticut,  from  Feb.  2, 

1795. 

Samuel  Dexter  of  Massachusetts,  from  Jan.  1,  1801. 
Albert  Gallatin  of  Pennsylvania,  from  May  14,  1801. 
George  W.  Campbell  of  Tennessee,  from  Feb.  9,  1814. 
Alexander  J.  Dallas  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Oct.  6, 1814. 
William  H.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  from  Oct.  22,  1816. 
Samuel  L.  Southard  of  New  Jersey,  from  March  7, 

1825,  ad  int. 

Richard  Rush  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  7,  1825. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  6, 

1829. 
Asbury  Dickins  of  North  Carolina,  from  June  21, 1831, 

ad  int. 

Louis  McLane  of  Delaware,  from  Aug.  8,  1831. 
William  J.  Duane  of  Pennsylvania,  from  May  29,  1833. 
Roger  B.  Taney  of  Maryland,  from  Sept.  23,  1833. 
McClintock  Young  of  Maryland,  from  June  25,  1834, 

ad  int. 

Levi  Woodbury  of  New  Hampshire,  from  June  27, 1834; 
McClintock  Young  of  Maryland,  from  March  3,  1841, 

ad  int. 

Thomas  Ewing  of  Ohio,  from  March  5,  1841. 
McClintock  Young  of  Maryland,  from  Sept.  13,  1841, 

ad  int. 

Walter  Forward  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Sept.  13,  1841. 
McClintock  Young  of  Maryland,  from  March  1,  184?, 

ad  int. 


John  C.  Spencer  of  New  York,  from  March  3,  1843. 
McClintock  Young  of  Maryland,  from  May  2,  1844,  ad 

int. 

George  M.  Bibb  of  Kentucky,  from  June  15,  1844. 
Robert  J.  Walker  of  Mississippi,  from  March  6,  1845. 
McClintock  Young  of  Maryland,  from  March  6,  1849, 

ad  int. 
William  M.  Meredith  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  8, 

1849. 

Thomas  Corwin  of  Ohio,  from  July  23,  1850. 
James  Guthrie  of  Kentucky,  from  March  7,  1853. 
Howell  Cobb  of  Georgia,  from  March  6,  1857. 
Isaac  Toucey  of  Connecticut,  from  Dec.  10,  1860,  ad 

int. 

Philip  F.  Thomas  of  Maryland,  from  Dec.  12,  1860. 
John  A.  Dix  of  New  York,  from  Jan.  11,  1861. 
Salmon  P.  Chase  of  Ohio,  from  March  5,  1861. 
George  Harrington  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  June 

30,  1864,  ad  int. 

William  P.  Fessenden  of  Maine,  from  July  1,  1864. 
George   Harrington   of   District   of   Columbia,  from 

March  4,  18(>5,  ad  int. 

Hugh  McCulloch  of  Indiana,  from  March  7,  1865. 
George  S.  Boutwell  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  11, 

1869. 
William  A.  Richardson  of  Massachusetts,  from  March 

17,  1873. 

Benjamin  H.  Bristow  of  Kentucky,  from  June  2,  1874. 
Lot  M.  Morrill  of  Maine,  from  June  21,  1876. 
John  Sherman  of  Ohio,  from  March  9,  1877. 


The  secretary  of  the  treasury  has  charge  of  the  national  finances.  He  digests  and  prepares  plans  for  the 
improvement  and  management  of  the  revenue,  and  support  of  the  public  credit ;  he  superintends  the  collection 
of  the  revenue,  and  prescribes  the  forms  of  keeping  and  rendering  all  public  accounts,  and  making  returns; 
grants  all  warrants  for  money  to  be  issued  f rorrj  the  treasury  in  pursuance  of  appropriations  by  law ;  makes 
report  and  gives  information  to  either  branch  of  Congress,  as  may  be  required,  respecting  all  matters  referred 
to  him  by  the  Senate  or  House  of  Representatives,  and  generally  performs  all  such  services  relative  to  the 
finances  as  he  is  directed  to  perform ;  controls  the  erection  of  public  buildings,  the  coinage  and  printing  of 
money,  the  collection  of  commercial  statistics,  the  marine  hospitals,  the  revenue-cutter  service,  the  life-saving 
service.  Under  his  superintendence  the  Light-house  Board  discharges  the  duties  relative  to  the  construction, 
illumination,  inspection,  and  superintendence  of  light-houses,  light-vessels,  beacons,  buoys,  sea-marks,  and 
their  appendages ;  makes  provision  for  the  payment  of  the  public  debt  under  enactments  of  Congress,  and 
publishes  statements  concerning  it;  and  submits  to  Congress,  at  the  commencement  of  each  session,  estimates 
of  the  probable  receipts  and  of  the  required  expenditures  for  the  ensuing  fiscal  year. 

The  routine  work  of  the  secretary's  office  is  transacted  in  the  following  divisions:  — 

Division  of  Appointments. — The  supervision  of  all  matters  relating  to  the  appointment,  removal,  promo 
tion,  or  suspension  of  the  officers,  clerks,  messengers,  &c.,  under  the  control  of  the  treasury  department,  and 
the  custody  of  papers  pertaining  thereto,  including  the  examination  of  applications  for  appointment,  and  the 
preparation  of  commissions  therefor;  the  examination  of  all  complaints  against  officials,  except  when  such 
investigation  is  otherwise  specially  directed ;  the  preparation  of  reports  required  by  law  relative  to  the  em 
ployment  and  compensation  of  persons  in  the  public  service,  and  the  publication  of  "The  United-States 
Treasury  Register; "  the  verification  of  all  pay-rolls  of  the  department,  and  all  vouchers  for  salaries  of  steam 
boat  inspectors,  custodians,  and  janitors;  the  inspection  of  the  accounts  of  internal-revenue  gangers,  and  the 
examination  of  all  estimates  for  salaries  and  compensation  of  officers  and  employees,  and  of  incidental  ex 
penses  payable  from  the  appropriation  for  collecting  the  customs  revenue,  and  keeping  account  thereof;  the 
keeping  account  of  absence  from  duty  of  employees  in  the  several  bureaus  and  offices  of  the  department,  and 
the  consideration  of  requests  for  leave  of  absence. 

Division  of  Warrants,  Estimates,  and  Appropriations. — The  issue  of  all  warrants  for  the  receipt  and  pay 
ment  of  public  moneys,  and  of  appropriation  and  surplus-fund  warrants;  the  preparation  and  keeping  of  all 
appropriation,  sinking-fund,  public-debt,  and  Pacific-railroad  accounts;  the  publication,  for  the  use  of  Con 
gress,  of  the  annual  estimates  of  appropriations,  and  of  the  digest  of  appropriations  made  at  each  session  of 
Congress,  with  the  designation  of  titles  under  which  funds  may  be  drawn  from  appropriations;  the  prepara 
tion  of  the  statements  of  the  annual  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  government,  and  of  the  tables  accom 
panying  the  annual  report  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury;  the  publication  of  the  monthly  statements  of  the 
public  debt,  and  the  preparation  of  the  daily  statement  showing  the  financial  condition  of  the  treasury;  the 
preparation  of  statistical  tables  relating  to  the  finances,  embracing  all  information  connected  with  the  receipts 
and  expenditures  of  the  government  from  its  foundation  to  the  present  time;  and,  generally,  all  matters 
connected  with  the  foregoing. 


THE   EXECUTIVE   DEPARTMENTS.  225 

Division  of  PuUic  Moneys.  — The  supervision  of  the  independent-treasury  offices,  the  designation  of 
national-bank  and  other  depositories,  and  the  obtaining  from  them  of  proper  securities;  the  keeping  of  a 
general  account  of  receipts  into  the  treasury;  the  classification  of  such  receipts,  and  the  preparation  ot  lists 
thereof  on  which  to  issue  covering  warrants;  the  directing  of  all  public  officers,  except  postmasters  as  to  the 


and  expenses  thereof,  and  the  expenses  of  the  independent-treasury  offices;  the  care  and  final  disposition  of 
moneys  arising  from  fines,  penalties,  and  forfeitures  under  the  internal-revenue  laws;  the  direction  for  special 
transfers  of  public  moneys;  and,  generally,  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  foregoing. 

Division  of  Customs.  —  The  examination  of  all  questions  arising  under  the  tariff  laws,  upon  appeals  from 
decisions  of  collectors  of  customs,  involving  the  rates  and  amount  of  duties  on  imports;  the  consideration  of 
cases  involving  errors  in  invoices  and  entries;  refund  and  abatement  of  duties;  drawback  of  customs  duties 
on  articles  manufactured  in  the  United  States  out  of  imported  material,  and  establishing  the  rates  of  draw 
back;  the  consideration  of  all  questions  arising  upon  the  construction  of  the  customs  laws,  and  the  general 
regulations  thereunder,  in  regard  to  the  entry,  appraisal,  and  delivery  of  merchandise,  and  payment  of  duties 
thereon;  correspondence  with  consular  officers,  through  the  department  of  state,  in  regard  to  dutiable  values, 
invoices,  &c. ;  supervision  of  appraisers  in  securing  uniformity  of  valuation  of  dutiable  merchandise  at  the 
various  ports,  and  compromises  in  customs  cases;  supervision  of  the  seal-fisheries  in  Alaska,  and  such  other 
matters  in  that  Territory  as  are  placed  by  law  in  charge  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury. 

Division  of  Internal  Revenue  and  Navigation. — The  examination  of  petitions  for  the  remission  of  fines, 
penalties,  and  forfeitures,  under  the  customs,  internal-revenue,  navigation,  and  steamboat-inspection  laws, 
and  applications  for  compromise  of  claims  in  favor  of  the  United  States,  except  customs  cases;  all  internal- 
revenue  business  coming  before  this  office,  except  such  as  relates  to  appointments;  the  examination  of  ques 
tions  relating  to  the  marine  documents,  entry,  clearance,  hypothecation,  and  admeasurement  and  tonnage  of 
vessels,  tax  on  tonnage,  fees  for  the  services  of  revenue  officers,  and  the  transportation  of  merchandise  in 
vessels;  and,  generally,  all  business  connected  with  the  foregoing. 

Division  of  Loans  and  Currency.  — The  supervision  of  the  details  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  loans  and  the 
issue  and  redemption  of  United-States  bonds,  including  the  details  of  negotiating  United-States  interest- 
bearing  securities;  the  preparation  of  orders  for  engraving  and  printing  United-States  bonds;  the  original 
issue  and  delivery  of  bonds;  the  preparation  and  distribution  of  circulars  designating  bonds  for  redemption- 
the  counting,  cancellation,  and  record  of  bonds  received  for  redemption;  the  cancellation  and  record  of 
coupon-bonds  received  for  exchange  for  registered  stock,  and  the  preparation  of  vouchers  for  the  issue  of 
registered  bonds;  the  examination  and  record  of  transfers  of  registered  United-States  securities;  notice 
of  caveats  tiled  against  United-States  securities  alleged  to  be  destroyed,  lost,  or  stolen,  and,  in  connection 
therewith,  the  procuring  of  evidence  for  the  courts  and  law-officers  of  the  department,  and,  in  cases  of  re 
issue,  the  securing  of  the  requisite  indemnity  for  the  government;  the  record  of  issues  of  gold  and  currency 
certificates,  and  their  cancellation  upon  redemption,  and  the  receipt,  counting,  cancellation,  record,  and  de 
struction  of  redeemed  District-of-Columbia  securities;  the  supervision  of  all  matters  under  the  immediate 
charge  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury  relating  to  the  counting,  cancellation,  record,  and  destruction  of  all 
redeemed  and  mutilated  United-States  notes  and  fractional  currency,  and  internal-revenue  stamps  redeemed 
or  mutilated  in  printing;  the  charge  of  the  distinctive  paper  for  United-States  notes,  bonds,  and  currency. 

Division  of  Revenue  Marine. — The  management  of  the  revenue-marine  service,  including  the  supervision 
of  the  building  and  equipment  of  revenue  vessels,  their  repair,  purchase,  and  sale;  the  assignment  or  cruising 
grounds;  the  assignment  of  officers  to  vessels;  the  purchase  of  outfits  and  supplies;  the  regulation  of  the 
complements  of  crews  and  their  wages;  the  examination  and  certification  of  revenue  vessels'  pay-rolls,  and 
accounts  of  disbursements  on  account  of  the  service  by  collectors  of  customs;  the  examination  of  the  prop 
erty  accounts  of  officers;  the  preparation  and  enforcement  of  regulations  for  the  examination,  admission,  and 
government  of  revenue-marine  cadets;  the  preparation  and  enforcement  of  general  regulations  for  the  govern 
ment  of  the  service,  &c. ;  the  examination  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  light-house  establishment,  placed 
by  law  in  charge  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury;  the  examination  of  all  matters  relating  to  the  United-States 
coast  survey  coming  before  the  secretary ;  the  charge  of  all  matters  relating  to  weights  and  measures  upon 
which  the  secretary  is  required  by  law  to  act;  the  general  superintendence  of  the  life-saving  service,  embra 
cing  the  supervision  of  the  establishment  of  life-saving  and  life-boat  stations,  and  houses  of  refuge;  the  se 
lection  of  sites  for  the  same,  and  the  procurement  of  titles  thereto;  the  preparation  of  plans  and  specifications 
for  buildings ;  the  making  of  contracts  for  their  construction;  the  testing,  selection,  and  purchase  of  their 
apparatus,  equipment,  and  supplies;  the  organization  of  the  service,  and  the  preparation  of  regulations  for 
the  government  of  its  officers  and  employees;  the  employment  of  crews,  and  the  regulation  of  their  wages; 
the  supervision  of  all  expenditures  and"  accounts  connected  with  the  service,  and  the  general  management 
of  the  service;  the  award  of  medals  for  the  saving  of  life  from  the  perils  of  the  sea;  the  collection  of  statistics 
of  marine  disasters;  the  preparation  of  the  annual  report  of  the  expenditures  and  operations  of  the  life-saving 
service,  as  required  by  law;  and,  generally,  all  business  of  the  office  connected  with  the  foregoing  subjects, 
except  appointments. 

Division  of  Stationery,  Printing,  and  Blanks.  — The  purchase  and  supply  of  stationery  for  the  department, 
sub-treasuries,  depositories,  United-States  mints,  custom-houses,  revenue  vessels,  steamboat-inspection  ser 
vice,  life-saving  stations,  marine  hospitals,  light-houses,  and  internal-revenue  offices,  and  blanks  and  blank- 
books  for  the  same,  except  internal-revenue  offices;  supervision  over  the  forms  of  books  and  blanks  used  by 
customs  officers,  with  a  view  of  securing  uniformity  in  their  methods  of  transacting  business,  and  of  the 
printing,  binding,  lithographing,  and  engraving  for  the  department,  except  United-States  bonds  and  notes, 
United-States  currency,  national-bank  notes,  and  internal-revenue  stamps;  the  arrangement  tor  publication 
and  the  indexing  of  the  several  reports  and  tables  comprising  the  finance  report;  the  superintendence  o  the 
advertising  of  th 
advertising,  and 
officers  of  the  govi 

tribution  of  official  postage-stamps  for  the  department; „  

of  the  customs;  the  examination  of  the  accounts  of  those  officers  to  see  that  such  stamps  are  properly  ac 
counted  for;  and,  generally,  all  business  connected  with  the  foregoing. 

Division  of  Special  Af/ents.—  The  assignment  and  detail  of  special  agents,  and  the  examination  o 
accounts  for  compensation  and  travelling  expenses,  and  the  examination  and  reference  of  t 


„—«*»,  supervision  of  the  transportation  of  merchandise  m  bond,  including  ti  oerc 

of  collectors  of  customs  at  ports  of  shipment  and  of  arrival,  and  the  investigation  of  cases  arising  trom  al 
leged  irregularities  in  connection  with  such  transportation;  the  examination  and  approval  ot  bonds 
toms  warehouses  and  bonded  routes;  the  enforcement  of  the  laws  and  regulations  governing  t 
Mexico  and  Canada,  so  far  as  relates  to  the  establishment  of  bonded  routes  and  mode  of  transportation. 


226 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Tico  disbursing  clerks  pay  the  salaries  and  compensation  of  the  officers  and  employees  of  the  department, 
and  disburse,  upon  the  orders  of  the  secretary,  such  moneys  as  have  been  appropriated  to  be  expended  under 
the  direction  of  the  department,  keeping  the  necessary  accounts  connected  therewith. 

ASSISTANT    SECRETARIES   OF   THE   TREASURY. 


Tench  Coxe  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Sept.  11,  1789. 
Charles  B.  Penrose  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  12, 

1849. 

Allen  A.  Hall  of  Tennessee,  from  Oct.  10,  1849. 
William  L.  Hodge  of  Pennsylvania,   from  Nov.  16, 

1850. 
Peter  G.  Washington  of  District  of  Columbia,  from 

March  4,  1853. 

Philip  Clayton  of  Georgia,  from  March  13,  1857. 
Gilbert  Rodman  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  16,  1861, 

ad  int. 
George  Harrington  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  March 

13,  1861. 
Maunsell  B.  Field  of  New  York,  from  March  18,  1864. 


William  Eaton  Chandler  of  New  Hampshire,  from 

June  5,  18G5. 

John  F.  Hartley  of  Maine,  from  July  11,  1865. 
Edmund  Cooper  of  Tennessee,  from  Nov.  20,  1867. 
William  A.  Richardson  of  Massachusetts,  from  March 

20,  1869. 
Frederick  A.  Sawyei  of  South  Carolina,  from  March 

8, 1873. 
Charles  F.  Conant  of  New  Hampshire,  from  July  1, 

1874. 

Curtis  F.  Burnam  of  Kentucky,  from  May  4,  1875. 
Henry  F.  French  of  Massachusetts,  from  Aug.  7,  1876. 
R.  C.  McCormick  of  Arizona,  from  April  3, 1877. 
John  B.  Hawley  of  Illinois,  from  Dec.  6, 1877. 


One  of  the  two  assistant  secretaries  (now  Hon.  R.  C.  McCormick)  has  the  general  supervision  of  all  the  work 
assigned  to  the  divisions  of  appointments,  public  moneys,  revenue  marine,  stationery,  printing,  and  blanks, 
loans  and  currency,  bureau  of  engraving  and  printing,  and  office  of  the  director  of  the  mint;  the  signing  of 
all  letters  and  papers  as  assistant  secretary,  or  "by  order  of  the  secretary,"  relating  to  the  business  of  the 
foregoing  divisions  and  bureau,  that  do  not  by  law  require  the  signature  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury;  the 
performance  of  such  other  duties  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the  secretary  or  by  law. 

The  other  assistant  secretary  (now  Hon.  H.  F.  French)  has  the  general  supervision  of  all  the  work  as 
signed  to  the  divisions  of  customs,  special  agents,  internal  revenue  and  navigation,  warrants,  estimates,  and 
appropriations,  and  to  the  offices  of  supervising  architect,  supervising  surgeon-general  of  marine  hospitals, 
bureau  of  statistics,  and  supervising  inspector-general  of  steamboats;  the  signing  of  all  letters  and  papers  as 
assistant  secretary,  or  "by  order  of  the  secretary,"  relating  to  the  business  of  the  foregoing  divisions,  that  do 
not  by  law  require  the  signature  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury ;  and  the  signing,  instead  of  the  secretary,  of 
certain  warrants  under  section  240  of  the  Revised  Statutes;  the  performance  of  such  other  duties  as  may  be 
prescribed  by  the  secretary  or  by  law. 

FIRST    COMPTROLLERS. 


Nicholas  Eveleigh  of  South  Carolina,  from  Sept.  11, 

1789. 
Oliver  Wolcott,  Jan.,  of  Connecticut,  from  June  17, 

1791. 
Jonathan  Jackson  of  Massachusetts,  from  Feb.  25, 

1795. 

John  Davis  of  Massachusetts,  from  June  26,  1795. 
John  Steele  ef  North  Carolina,  from  July  1,  1796. 
Gabriel  Duval  of  Maryland,  from  Dec.  15,  1802. 
Richard  Rush  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Nov.  22,  1811. 
Ezekiel  Bacon  of  Massachusetts,  from  Feb.  11,  1814. 


Joseph  Anderson  of  Tennessee,  from  Feb.  28,  1815. 
George  Wolf  of  Pennsylvania,  from  June  18,  1836. 
James   N.   Barker  of   Pennsylvania,  from   Feb.  23, 

1838. 

Walter  Forward  of  Pennsylvania,  from  April  6,  1841. 
James  W.  McCulloch  of  Maryland,  from  April  1,  1842. 
Elisha  Whittlesey  of  Ohio,  from  May  31,  1849. 
William  Mcdill  o'f  Ohio,  from  March  26,  1857. 
Elisha  Whittlesey  of  Ohio,  from  April  10,  1861. 
Robert  W.  Tayler  of  Ohio,  from  Jan.  14,  1863. 
Albert  G.  Porter  of  Indiana,  from  March  5,  1878. 


The  first  comptroller  countersigns  all  warrants  issued  by  the  secretary  of  the  treasury,  covering  the  pub 
lic  revenues  into  the  treasury,  and  authorizing  payments  therefrom.  All  accounts  examined  by  the  first 
auditor,  except  those  which  go  to  the  commissioner  of  customs,  and  all  examined  by  the  fifth  auditor,  and 
accounts  of  registers  and  receivers  of  land-offices  examined  by  the  commissioner  of  the  general  land-office, 
are  re-examined  and  revised  in  the  first  comptroller's  office.  Here  also  are  examined  and  reported  on  the 
drafts  for  salaries  and  expenses  drawn  by  ministers  and  consuls  abroad,  and  the  requisitions  for  advances 
drawn  by  marshals,  collectors  of  internal  revenue,  secretaries  of  the  territories,  and  other  disbursing  officers. 
Powers  of  attorney  for  the  collection  of  drafts  on  the  treasury  are  examined;  and  many  other  duties,  having 
reference  to  the  adjustment  of  claims  against  the  United  States,  pertain  to  the  office,  but  are  of  too  varied  a 
character  to  be  enumerated. 


SECOND   COMPTROLLERS. 


Richard    Cutts    of    Massachusetts,    from    March    6, 

1817. 

Isaac  Hill  of  New  Hampshire,  from  March  21,  1829. 
Enoch  Reynolds  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  May  25, 

1830,  dd  int. 
James  B.  Thornton  of  New  Hampshire,  from  May  27, 

1830. 
John  N.  Moulder  of  Pennsylvania,  from  June  18, 1836, 

ad  int. 

Albion  K.  Parris  of  Maine,  from  June  18,  1836. 
Hiland  Hall  of  Vermont  from  Nov.  27,  1850. 


James  Madison  Cutts  of  District  of  Columbia,  from 

Sept.  10,  1851,  ad  int. 

Edward  J.  Phelps  of  Vermont,  from  Sept.  30,  1851. 
John  M.  Brodhead  of  New  Hampshire,  from  Feb.  11, 

1853. 
James  Madison  Cutts  of  District  of  Columbia,  from 

Oct.  1,  1857. 

Goodsil  Buckingham  of  Iowa,  from  May  20, 1863,  ad  int. 
John  M.  Brodhead  of  New  Hampshire,  from  May  29, 

1863. 
Cyrus  C.  Carpenter  of  Iowa,  from  Jan.  7,  1876. 


Accounts  received  from  the  second,  third,  and  fourth  auditors  against  the  United  States  are  examined, 
revised,  and  certified  to;  viz. :  Reported  by  the  second  auditor,  —for  organizing  volunteers,  recruiting,  pay  of 
the  army,  special  military  accounts,  army  ordnance,  the  Indian  service,  the  army  medical  department,  con 
tingent  military  expenses,  bounty  to  soldiers,  the  Soldiers'  Home,  ami  the  National  Home  for  Disabled  Volun 
teers.  Reported  by  the  third  auditor,  —disbursements  by  the  quartermaster's  department,  the  subsistence 
department,  the  engineer  department,  army  pensions,  property  taken  by  military  authority  for  the  use  of  the 
annv,  and  miscellaneous  war  claims.  Reported  by  the  fourth  auditor,  —disbursements  for  the  marine  corps, 
by  the  navy  paymasters  for  pay  and  rations,  by  the  paymasters  at  the  navy-yards,  for  navy  pensions  by  the 
disbursing  agents  at  foreign  stations,  and  the  financial  agent  at  London. 

These  accounts  are  examined  in  divisions,  devoted  respectively  to  the  affairs  of  army  paymasters,  army 
quartermasters,  navy  paymasters  and  the  marine  corps,  army  pensions,  miscellaneous  claims,  and  Indian  affairs. 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


227 


COMMISSIONERS   OF   CUSTOMS. 


Charles  W.  Rockwell  of  Connecticut,  from  March  16, 

1849. 

Hugh  J.  Anderson  of  Maine,  from  March  23,  1853. 
Samuel  Ingham  of  Connecticut,  from  Dec.  5,  1857. 


Nathan  Sargent  of  Pennsylvania,  from  May  14, 1861. 
William  T.  Haines  of  Pennsylvania,  from  June  29, 

1871. 
Henry  C.  Johnson  of  Pennsylvania,  from  April  8, 1874. 


The  commissioner  of  customs  revises  and  certifies  the  accounts  of  revenue  collected  from  duties  on  im 
ports  and  tonnage;  of  moneys  received  on  account  of  the  marine-hospital  fund;  fines,  penalties,  and  for 
feitures  under  the  customs  and  navigation  laws;  steamboat  inspection;  licenses  to  pilots,  engineers,  &c.,  and 
from  miscellaneous  sources  connected  with  customs  matters,  accounts  of  the  importation,  withdrawal,  trans 
portation,  and  exportation  of  goods  under  the  warehouse  system ;  for  disbursements  for  the  expenses  of  col 
lecting  the  revenue  from  customs,  revenue-cutter  service,  construction  and  maintenance  of  lights,  marine 
hospitals,  debentures,  excess  of  deposits  for  unascertained  duties,  refund  of  duties  exacted  in  excess,  life- 
saving  service,  construction  of  custom-houses  and  marine  hospitals;  fuel,  light,  water,  &c.,  for  custom-houses, 
&c. ;  approves  and  riles  the  official  bonds  given  by  customs  officers,  and  transmits  their  commissions;  files  the 
oaths  of  office  of  the  persons  paid  in  the  accounts  certified  by  him;  and  prepares  for  the  use  of  the  law-officers 
of  the  department  the  accounts  of  those  in  arrears  under  the  heads  above  mentioned. 

The  office  is  organized  in  four  divisions;  viz.,  customs,  bookkeepers,  bond,  and  miscellaneous. 

FIRST   AUDITORS. 


Oliver  Wolcott,  jun.,  of  Connecticut,  from  Sept.  12, 1789. 
William  Smith  of  Maryland,  from  July  16,  1791. 
Richard  Harrison  of  Virginia,  from  Nov.  29,  1791. 
Jesse  Miller  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Nov.  1,  1836. 
Tully  R.  Wise  of  Virginia,  from  June  17,  1842. 


William  Collins  of  Virginia,  from  July  24, 1844. 
John  C.  Clarke  of  New  York,  from  Aug.  2, 1849. 
Thomas  L.  Smith  of  Virginia,  from  Oct.  31,  1849. 
David  W.  Mahon  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Dec.  19, 1871. 
R.  M.  Reynolds  of  Alabama,  from  April  16, 1878. 


It  is  the  duty  of  the  first  auditor  to  receive  all  accounts  accruing  in  the  treasury  department  (except  those 
arising  under  the  internal-revenue  laws),  and,  after  examination,  to  certify  the  balance,  and  transmit  the 
accounts,  with  the  vouchers  and  certificate,  to  the  first  comptroller  or  to  the  commissioner  of  customs  having 
respectively  the  revision  thereof.  The  subordinate  divisions  of  his  office  are:  — 

Customs  Division.  —  Receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  customs  service,  including  fines,  emoluments,  for 
feitures,  debentures,  drawbacks,  marine-hospital  service,  revenue-cutter  service,  &c. 

Judiciary  Division.  —  Salaries  of  United-States  marshals,  district  attorneys,  commissioners  and  clerks,  rent 
of  court-houses,  support  of  prisoners,  &c. 

Public  Debt  Division.  —  Redemption  of  the  public  debt,  including  principal,  premium,  and  interest;  pay 
ment  of  interest;  redemption  of  certificates  of  deposit;  notes  and  currency  destroyed. 

Warehouse  and  Bond  Division.  —  Examination  of  accounts  received  from  the  various  custom-houses. 

Miscellaneous  Division.  —  Accounts  of  mints  and  assay-offices;  territories;  coast  survey;  salaries  and  con 
tingent  expenses  of  the  legislative,  executive,  and  judicial  departments  of  the  government;  construction, 
repair,  and  preservation  of  public  buildings;  treasurer  of  the  United  States  for  general  receipts  and  expendi 
tures;  together  with  a  large  number  and  variety  of  accounts  not  permanent  in  their  character. 

SECOND   AUDITORS. 


William  Lee  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  6,  1817. 
William  B.  Lewis  of  Tennessee,  from  March  21,  1829. 
John  M.  McCalla  of  Kentucky,  from  March  29, 1845. 
Philip  Clayton  of  Georgia,  from  April  9,  1849. 


William  Mechlin  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  March 

16,  1857,  ad  int. 

Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller  of  Maine,  from  April  15,  1857. 
Ezra  B.  French  of  Maine,  from  Aug.  3,  1861. 


The  second  auditor  examines,  adjusts,  and  transfers  to  the  second  comptroller  all  accounts  relating  to 
bounties,  the  recruiting  service,  the  pay  and  clothing  of  the  army,  the  subsistence  of  officers,  medical  and 
hospital  accounts,  the  pay  of  private  physicians,  and  the  expenses  of  the  war  department,  contingent  dis 
bursements  of  the  army,  and  all  accounts  relating  to  Indian  affairs.  The  divisions  are:  — 

Paymaster's  Division.  —  Army  paymasters'  accounts,  and  payments  to  the  Soldiers'  Home  and  the  National 
Home  for  Disabled  Volunteers. 

Miscellaneous  Claims  Division.  —  Accounts  of  the  ordnance  and  medical  departments  of  the  army,  contin 
gent  expenses,  army  medical  museum  and  publications,  regular  and  volunteer  recruiting,  freeduien's  bounty 
and  pay. 

Indian  Affairs  Division.  —  Disbursements  for  the  Indians,  money-accounts  and  property-returns  of  Indian 
agents,  and  claims  for  goods  supplied  and  services  rendered. 

Pay  and  Bounty  Division.  —  Examination  and  adjustment  of  claims  of  white  and  colored  soldiers  and  their 
legal  heirs  for  pay  and  bounty. 

Investigation  of  Frauds  Division.  —  Investigation  of  alleged  cases  of  forgery,  fraud,  over-payments,  unlaw 
ful  withholding  of  money,  &c.,  in  the  payment  of  white  and  colored  soldiers. 

Book-keeper's  Division.  —  Accounts  of  the  numerous  requisitions  drawn  by  the  secretaries  of  war  and  inte 
rior  examined,  and  charged  to  various  appropriations. 


THIRD  AUDITORS. 


Peter  Hagner  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  March  6, 

1817. 

John  S.  Gallaher  of  Virginia,  from  Oct.  22,  1849. 
Francis  Burt  of  South  Carolina,  from  April  6,  1853. 
Robert  J.  Atkinson  of  Ohio,  from  Aug.  28,  1854. 
Elijah  Sells  of  Iowa,  from  July  18,  18(54. 


John  Wilson  of  Illinois,  from  Oct.  26,  1864. 
Reader  O.  Clarke  of  Ohio,  from  March  26,  1869. 
Allan  Rutherford  of  North  Carolina,  from  March  29, 

-I  O*7A 


1870. 


Horace  Austin  of  Minnesota,  from  Jan.  7,  1876. 


anizing,  arming,  and  equipping  volunteers  alter  1861.    TJie  divisions  01  tne  TI  LUI  »  uuiuc  1*5.— 

Book-keeper's  Division.  —  Accounts  of  the  numerous  requisitions  drawn  by  the  secretary  of  war  and  of  the 
fcterior  examined,  and  charged  to  various  appropriations. 


228 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Quartermaster's  Division.  — Accounts  of  disbursements  for  barracks  and  quarters,  hospitals,  offices,  stables, 
and  transportation  of  supplies;  the  purchase  of  clothing,  camp  and  garrison  equipage,  horses,  fuel,  forage, 
Btraw,  bedding,  and  stationery;  payments  of  hired  men  and  of  extra-duty  men;  expenses  incurred  in  the 
apprehension  of  deserters;  for  the  burial  of  officers  and  soldiers;  for  hired  escorts,  expresses,  interpreters, 
spies,  and  guides;  for  veterinary  surgeons,  and  medicines  for  horses;  for  supplying  posts  with  water;  and  for 
all  other  authorized  outlays  connected  with  the  movements  of  the  army  not  expressly  assigned  to  any  other 
department. 

Subsistence  and  Engineer  Division. — Accounts  of  all  commissaries  and  acting  commissaries  in  the  army, 
whose  duties  are  to  purchase  the  provisions  and  stores  necessary  for  its  subsistence,  and  to  see  to  their  proper 
distribution;  also  accounts  of  officers  of  the  corps  of  engineers  who  disburse  money  for  the  expenses  of  the 
military  academy,  the  improvement  of  rivers  and  harbors,  the  construction  and  preservation  of  fortifications, 
the  surveys  on  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  coasts,  the  surveys  of  lakes  and  rivers,  and  the  construction  and 
repair  of  breakwaters. 

State  War  and  Horse  Claims  Division.  —The  settlement  of  all  claims  of  the  several  States  and  Territories 
for  expenses  incurred  by  them  for  enrolling,  subsisting,  clothing,  arming,  paying,  and  transporting  their 
troops  while  employed  by  the  government  in  aiding  to  suppress  the  recent  insurrection  against  the  United 
States;  also  the  settlement  of  claims  for  the  loss  of  horses  and  equipages  sustained  by  officers  and  enlisted 
men  while  in  the  military  service,  and  for  horses,  mules,  &c.,  lost  while  in  service,  by  impressment  or  con 
tract. 

Miscellaneous  Claims  Division. —the  adjustment  of  claims  for  the  appropriation  of  stores,  the  purchase  of 
vessels,  railroad  stock,  horses,  and  other  means  of  transportation ;  the  occupation  of  real  estate,  court-martial 
fees,  travelling-expenses,  &c. ;  claims  for  compensation  for  vessels,  cars,  engines,  &c.,  lost  in  the  military  ser 
vice;  claims  growing  out  of  the  Oregon  and  Washington  war  of  1855  and  1856,  and  other  Indian  wars;  claims 
of  various  descriptions  under  special  acts  of  Congress,  and  claims  not  otherwise  assigned  for  adjudication. 

Collection  Division.  —  Prepares  accounts  for  suit  against  defaulting  officers;  answers  all  calls  for  informa 
tion  from  the  files  of  the  office;  examines  all  claims  lor  bounty -land  and  pensions  granted  to  the  soldiers  of 
the  war  of  1812,  and  properly  certifies  them  to  the  commissioner  of  pensions  for  action. 

FOURTH  AUDITORS. 


William  Winder  of  Maryland,  from  July  19,  1798. 
Thomas  Turner  of  Maryland,  from  Jan.  9,  1800. 
Constant  Freeman  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  22, 

1816. 
Constant  Freeman  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  6, 

1817. 
William  P.  Van  Ness  of  New  York,  from  May  26, 

1824. 
William  Lee  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  11, 1824,  ad 

int. 

Tobias  Watkins  of  Maryland,  from  June  18,  1824. 
Amos  Kendall  of  Kentucky,  from  March  24,  1829. 


John  C.  Pickett  of  Kentucky,  from  May  1,  1835. 
Aaron  O.  Dayton  of  New  Jersey,  from  June  9,  1838. 
Andrew  J.  O'Bannon  of  Virginia,  from  Oct.  4,  1858,  ad 

int. 

Andrew  J.  O'Bannon  of  Virginia,  from  March  1,  1859. 
Taliaferro  Hunter  of  Virginia,  from  Aug.  15,  1860. 
Hobart  Berrian  of  New  York,  from  April  24,  1861,  ad 

int. 

Hobart  Berrian  of  New  York,  from  May  4,  1861. 
William  W.  Danenhower  of  Illinois,  from  May  4,  1863, 

ad  int. 
Stephen  J.  W.  Tabor  of  Iowa,  from  May  19,  1863. 


The  fourth  auditor  examines,  adjusts,  and  transfers  to  the  second  comptroller  all  accounts  concerning  the 
pay,  expenditures,  pensions,  and  prize-money  of  the  navy,  and  the  accounts  of  the  navy  department.  The 
subordinate  divisions  of  the  bureau  are :  — 

Record  Prize  Division.  —  Adjusts  the  prize-money  accounts,  and  prepares  tabulated  statements  called  for 
by  Congress. 

Navy-Agents'  Division. — Examines  the  accounts  of  the  disbursements  by  the  navy-agents  at  Portsmouth, 
Boston,  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Baltimore,  Washington,  and  San  Francisco. 

Paymasters'  Division.  — Examines  the  accounts  of  paymasters',  including  mechanics',  rolls. 

FIFTH  AUDITORS. 


Stephen  Pleasonton  of  Delaware,  from  March  6,  1817. 
Josiah  Minot  of  New  Hampshire,  from  March  3,  1855. 
Gilbert  Rodman  of  Pennsylvania,  from  July  31,  1855, 

ad  int. 

Murray  McConnel  of  Illinois,  from  Aug.  1,  1855. 
Bartholomew  Fuller  of  North  Carolina,  from  March  1, 

1859. 


Thomas  M.  Smith  of  Indiana,  from  April  30,  1861,  ad 

int. 

John  C.  Underwood  of  Virginia,  from  July  31,  1861. 
Charles  M.  Walker  of  Indiana,  from  Aug.  31,  1863. 
Henry  D.  Barren  of  Wisconsin,  from  April  20,  1869. 
Jacob  H.  Ela  of  New  Hampshire,  from  Dec.  19,  1871. 


The  fifth  auditor  examines,  adjusts,  and  transfers  to  the  first  comptroller  the  diplomatic  and  consular 
accounts,  the  expenditures  of  the  department  of  state,  and  the  bureau  of  internal  revenue.  There  are  two 
divisions :  — 

Diplomatic  and  Consular  Division.  — Adjustment  is  made  of  the  expenses  of  all  missions  abroad  for  salaries, 
contingencies,  and  loss  by  exchange;  consular  fees,  salaries,  and  emoluments;  consular  courts  and  prisons; 
the  relief  of  American  seamen;  the  return  of  American  seamen  charged  with  crime;  the  expenses  of  claims, 
commissions,  boundary  surveys,  &c. 

Internal-Revenue  Division. — Accounts  for  assessing  and  of  collecting  the  internal  revenue,  including  the 
salaries,  commissions,  and  allowances  of  the  assessors  and  collectors,  their  contingent  expenses,  &c. ;  the  cost 
of  revenue-stamps;  the  accounts  for  salaries  and  expenses  of  supervisors,  agents,  and  surveyors  of  distilleries; 
the  fees  and  expenses  of  gaugers ;  counsel  fees,  and  taxes  refunded. 


SIXTH  AUDITORS. 


Charles  K.  Gardner  of  New  Jersey,  from  July  2,  1836. 
Elisha  Whittlesey  of  Ohio,  from  March  17,  1841. 
Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke  of  District  of  Columbia,  from 

Dec.  19,  1843. 

Peter  G.  Washington  of  Virginia,  from  March  26,  1845. 
John  W.  Farrelly  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Nov.  5,  1849. 
William  F.  Phillips  of  Virginia,  from  April  7,  1853. 
Thomas  M.  Tate  of  Virginia,  from  Oct.  1,  1857. 


Green  Adams  of  Kentucky,  from  April  17, 1861. 
Elijah  vSells  of  Iowa,  from  Oct.  26,  1864. 
Isaac  N.  Arnold  of  Illinois,  from  April  29,  1865. 
Hugh  J.  Anderson  of  Maine,  from  Sept.  26,  1866. 
J.  J.  Martin  of  Alabama,  from  April  19,  1869. 
Gnarles  Christopher  Sheats  of  Alabama,  from  March 

11,  1875. 
Jacob  M.  McGrew  of  Ohio,  from  July  1,  1875. 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


229 


The  sixth  auditor  examines  and  adjusts  all  accounts  relating  to  the  postal  service;  and  his  decisions  on 
these  are  final,  unless  an  appeal  be  taken  in  twelve  months  to  the  first  comptroller.  He  superintends  the 
collection  of  all  debts  dtie  the  post-office  department,  and  all  penalties  imposed  011  postmasters  and  mail 
contractors;  directs  suits  and  legal  proceedings,  civil  and  criminal,  and  takes  all  such  measures  as  may  be 
authorized  by  law  to  enforce  the  payment  of  moneys  due  to  the  department.  There  are  eight  subordinate 
divisions ;  viz. :  — 

Collecting  Division.  —  The  collection  of  balances  due  from  all  postmasters,  late  postmasters,  and  contract 
ors;  also  the  payment  of  all  balances  due  to  late  and  present  postmasters,  and  the  adjustment  and  final  settle 
ment  of  postal  accounts. 

Stating  Division. — The  general  postal  accounts  of  postmasters,  and  those  of  late  postmasters,  until  fully 
stated,  are  in  charge  of  this  division. 

Examining  Division.  —  Receives  and  audits  the  quarterly  accounts  current  of  all  post-offices  in  the  United 
States.  It  is  divided  into  four  subdivisions;  viz.,  the  opening-room,  the  stamp-rooms,  the  examining  corps 
proper,  and  the  error-rooms. 

Money-Order  Division.  — Accounts  of  money-orders  paid  and  received  are  examined,  assorted,  checked,  and 
filed;  remittances  are  registered  and  checked;  errors  corrected. 

Foreirjn  Mail  Division.  —  Has  charge  of  the  postal  accounts  with  foreign  governments,  and  the  accounts 
with  steamship  companies  for  ocean  transportation  of  the  mails. 

Reyisteriny  Division.  —  Receives  from  the  examining  division  the  quarterly  accounts  current  of  all  the  post- 
offices  in  the  United  States;  re-examines  and  registers  them,  placing  each  item  of  revenue  and  expenditure 
under  its  appropriate  head;  adds  and  recapitulates  the  same,  and  exhibits  in  the  register  ending  June  30  of 
each  year  the  total  amount  of  receipts  and  expenditures  for  the  fiscal  year. 

Pay  Division.  — The  adjustment  and  payment  of  all  accounts  for  the  transportation  of  the  mails,  whether 
carried  by  ocean  steamers,  railroads,  steamboats,  or  any  mail-carrier;  the  accounts  of  the  railway  postal  ser 
vice,  railway  postal  clerks,  route-agents  and  local  agents,  mail  depredations,  special  agents,  tree-delivery 
system,  postage-stamps,  postal-cards,  envelopes,  stamps,  maps,  wrapping-paper,  twine,  mail-bags,  mail  locks 
and  keys,  advertising,  fees  in  suits  011  postal  matters,  and  miscellaneous  accounts. 

Bookkeeping  Division.  —  The  duty  of  keeping  the  ledger-accounts  of  the  department,  embracing  post 
masters,  late  postmasters,  contractors,  late  contractors,  and  accounts  of  a  general,  special,  and  miscellaneous 
character. 

TREASURERS   OF   THE   UNITED   STATES. 


Samuel  Meredith  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Sept.  11,  1789. 
Thomas  Tudor  Tucker  of  South  Carolina,  from  Dec.  1, 

1801. 

Michael  Nourse  of  Virginia,  from  May  3,  1828,  ad  int. 
John  Savage  of  New  York,  from  May  9,  1828. 
William  Clark  of  Pennsylvania,  from  June  4,  1828. 
John  Campbell  of  Virginia,  from  May  2(5,  1829. 
William  Selden  of  Virginia,  from  July  22,  1839. 
William  B.  Randolph  of  Virginia,  from  Nov.  23,  1850, 

ad  int. 


John  Sloane  of  Ohio,  from  Nov.  27, 1850. 
Samuel  Casey  of  Kentucky,  from  April  4,  1853. 
William  B.  Randolph  of  Virginia,  from  Dec.  23,  1859, 

ad  int. 

William  C.  Price  of  Missouri,  from  Feb.  28,  I860. 
Francis  E.  Spinner  of   New  York,   from  March  16, 

1861. 

John  C.  New  of  Indiana,  from  June  30,  1875. 
A.  U.  Wyman  of  Wisconsin,  from  July  1,  1876. 
J.  Gilfillau  of  Connecticut,  from  July  1,  1877. 


The  treasurer  of  the  United  States  is  charged  with  the  custody  of  all  public  moneys  received  into  the 
treasury  at  Washington,  or  in  the  sub-treasuries  at  Boston,  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Baltimore,  Charleston, 
Cincinnati,  St.  Louis,  and  San  Francisco,  or  in  the  depositories  and  depository  banks;  disburses  all  public 
moneys  upon  the  warrants  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury,  and  upon  the  warrants  of  the  postmaster-general; 
issues  and  redeems  treasury-notes;  is  agent  for  the  redemption  of  the  circulating  notes  of  national  banks;  is 
trustee  of  the  bonds  held  for  the  security  of  the  circulating  notes  of  national  banks,  and  of  bonds  held  as 
security  for  public  deposits;  is  custodian  of  Indian  trust-funds;  is  agent  for  paying  the  interest  on  the  public 
debt,  and  for  paying  the  salaries  of  the  members  of  the  House  of  Representatives.  The  subordinate  divisions 
of  the  treasury  are:  — 

Issue  Division.  —Issues  are  made  of  legal-tender  notes,  fractional  currency,  coin-certificates,  &c. 

Redemption  Division.  —  Coin-certificates,  national-bank  notes,  fractional  currency,  &c.,  are  redeemed,  and 
generally  destroyed  by  maceration. 

Loan  Division.  — Bonds  are  issued,  purchased,  retired,  cancelled,  or  converted. 

Accounts  Division.— The  accounts  of  the  treasury,  the  sub-treasuries,  and  the  national  banks  used  as  depos 
itories,  are  kept. 

National-Bank  Division.  —  Bonds  held  as  security  for  national-bank  circulation  are  examined,  notes  issued, 
redeemed,  and  cancelled.  ,  , 

National-Bank  Redemption  Ayency.  —  Notes  of  national  banks  are  redeemed,  assorted,  and  accounte<   tor. 


REGISTERS  OF  THE  TREASURY. 


Joseph  Nourse  of  Virginia,  from  Sept.  12,  1789. 
Thomas  L.  Smith  of  Virginia,  from  June  1,  1829. 
Ransom  H.  Gillet  of  New  York,  from  April  1,  1845. 
Daniel  Graham  of  Tennessee,  from  June  4,  1847. 
Michael  Nourse  of  Virginia,  from  March  (!,  1849,  ad  int. 
Allen  A.  Hall  of  Tennessee,  from  April  7,  1849. 
Michael  Nourse  of  Virginia,  from  Jan.  17, 1850,  ad  int. 
Townsend  Haines  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Feb.  13, 1850. 
Michael  Nourse  of  Virginia,  from  Oct.  30,  1851,  ad  int. 
Nathan  Sargent  of  Dist.  of  Columbia,  from  Nov.  1, 1851. 


Finley  Bigger  of  Indiana,  from  April  20,  1853. 
Lucius  E.  Chittenden  of  Vermont,  from  April  17, 18G1. 
Reinhold  Solger  of  Massachusetts,  from  May  1,  1863, 

Stoddard  B.  Colby  of  Vermont,  from  Aug.  11, 1864. 
John  A.  Graham  of  Iowa,  from  Sept.  23,  1867,  ad  int. 
Noah  L.  Jeffries  of  Maryland,  from  Oct.  5, 1867. 
John  Allison  of  Pennsylvania,  from  April  3, 1869. 
Glenni  W.  Scofield  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  28, 
1878. 


The  register  of  the  treasury  has  charge  of  the  great  account-books  of  the  .United  States,  ^hich  show  _ev^y 
receipt  ami  disbursement,  and  from  which  statements  are  annually  made  for  transmission  t  ?*«U*S 

signs  and  issues  all  bonds  treasury-notes,  and  other  securities  ;  registers  all  warrants  dj^J^£  /???2H 
upon  the  treasurer;  transmits  statements  of  balances  due  to  individuals  after  their  8«»tle.me»t  J>s  ^e  lust 
comptroller,  on  which  payment  is  made;  issues  ships'  registers,  licenses,  and  enrolments    piepares  diinual 
returns  of  all  vessels  built;  lost,  or  destroyed;  and  also  prepares  statements  of  the  ton  »«go  of  ^  eshek  m  «  In 
importations  and  exportation  are  made,  with  the  various  articles  and  their  values.    These 


t0 


«  e*«,  -  Bonds,  interest-coupons,  gold-certificates,  coin-checks  currency  certificates  of 

deposit,  and  certificates  of  indebtedness,  are  examined,  registered,  and  issued 


230  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

Note  and  Fractional  Currency  Division. — Treasury-notes,  notes  of  national  banks  which  have  gone  into 
liquidation,  and  mutilated  fractional  currency,  are  examined,  cancelled,  and  destroyed  by  maceration. 

Loan  Division.  — Registered  and  coupon  bonds  are  issued,  embracing  the  transfer  of  all  registered  bonds; 
the  conversion  of  coupon  into  registered;  the  ledger  accounts  with  holders  of  registered  bonds,  and  schedules 
made  out  upon  which  interest  on  same  is  paid. 

Receipts  and  Expenditures  Division.  —  The  ledgers  of  the  United  States  are  kept,  showing  the  civil,  diplo 
matic,  internal- revenue,  miscellaneous,  and  public-debt  receipts  and  expenditures;  also  statements  of  the 
warrants  and  drafts  registered. 

Tonnage  Division.  —  Accounts  are  kept,  showing  the  registered  and  the  enrolled  and  licensed  tonnage, 
divided  into  different  classes,  and  exhibiting  what  is  annually  built,  and  what  is  engaged  in  the  fisheries  of 
different  kinds. 

COMPTROLLERS  OF  THE  CURRENCY. 


Hugh  McCulloch  of  Indiana,  from  May  9,  1863. 
Freeman  Clarke  of  New  York,  from  March  9,  1865. 


Hiland  R.  Hulburd  of  Ohio,  from  Feb.  6,  1867. 
John  Jay  Kuox  of  Minnesota,  from  April  24,  1872. 


The  comptroller  of  the  currency  has,  under  the  direction  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury,  the  control  of 
the  national  banks.    The  divisions  of  this  bureau  are :  — 

Issue  Division.  —  The  preparation  and  issue  of  national-bank  circulation. 
Redemption  Division.  —  The  redeuiption  and  destruction  of  notes  issued  by  national  banks. 
Reports  Division.  —  Examination  and  consolidation  of  the  reports  of  national  banks. 
Organization  Division.  —  The  organization  of  national  banks. 

SOLICITORS. 


Virgil  Maxcy  of  Maryland,  from  May  29,  1830. 
Henry  D.  Gilpin  of  Pennsylvania,  from  June  16,  1837. 
Matthew  Birchard  of  Massachusetts,  from  Jan.  lf>,  1840. 
Charles  B.  Penrose  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  17, 

1841. 

Seth  Barton  of  Louisiana,  from  March  25,  1845. 
Ransom  H.  Gillet  of  New  York,  from  May  27,  1847. 
John  C.  Clark  of  New  York,  from  Oct.  31,  1849. 
George  F.  Comstock  of  New  York,  from  Nov.  15,  1852. 
Gilbert  Rodman  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  30, 1853, 

ad  int. 


John  C.  Legrand  of  Pennsylvania,  from  April  8,  1853. 
Albert  G.  Constable  of  Maryland,  from  May  2,  1853. 
Farris  B.  Streeter  of  Pennsylvania,  from  June  3, 1853. 
Junius  Hillyer  of  Georgia,  from  Dec.  1, 1857. 
Benjamin  P.  Pleasants  of  Kentucky,  from  Feb.  13, 

1801,  ad  int. 

Edward  Jordan  of  Ohio,  from  March  28, 1861. 
E.  C.  Banfield  of  Massachusetts,  from  April  15, 1869. 
Bluford  AVilson  of  Illinois,  from  June  22, 1874. 
George  F.  Talbot  of  Maine,  from  July  24,  1876. 
Kenneth  Raynor  of  Mississippi,  from  July  1,  1877. 


The  solicitor  of  the  treasury  is  an  officer  in  the  department  of  justice,  having  a  seal,  and  is  required  by 
law  to  take  cognizance,  under  the  direction  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury,  of  all  frauds  or  attempted  frauds 
upon  the  revenue,  and  exercises  a  general  supervision  over  all  legal  measures  for  their  prevention  and  detec 
tion;  also  to  establish  regulations,  with  the  approbation  of  the  secretary  of  the  treasury,  for  the  observance 
of  collectors  of  the  customs,  and,  with  the  approbation  of  the  attorney-general,  for  the  observance  of  United- 
States  attorneys,  marshals,  and  clerks  respecting  suits  in  which  the  United  States  is  a  party  or  interested.  He 
is  also  empowered  and  directed  to  instruct  the  district  attorneys,  marshals,  and  clerks  of  the  circuit  and  dis 
trict  courts  in  all  matters  and  proceedings  appertaining  to  suits  in  which  the  United  States  is  a  party  or  in 
terested,  except  those  arising  under  the  internal-revenue  laws. 

He  is  required  to  examine  reports  of  collectors  and  district  attorneys  upon  bonds  delivered  for  suit;  to 
inform  the  President  of  false  reports  of  bonds  delivered  for  suit,  and  supervise  statements  from  district  at 
torneys  concerning  suits,  and  those  from  marshals  relating  to  proceedings  on  execution;  also  reports  from 
clerks  as  to  judgments  and  decrees;  and  is  charged  by  the  attorney-general  with  all  post-office  litigation. 

He  also  has  charge  of  the  secret-service  employees  engaged  in  the  detection  of  persons  counterfeiting  the 
coin,  currency,  and  public  securities  of  the  United  States,  and  all  other  frauds  on  the  government.  In  addi 
tion  to  the  duties  prescribed  by  law,  the  secretary  of  the  treasury  refers  to  the  solicitor  for  opinion  a  very 
large  number  of  cases  arising  in  his  department  relating  to  duties,  remission  of  fines,  penalties,  and  for 
feitures,  navigation  and  registry  laws,  steamboat-inspection  acts,  claims,  &c. 

COMMISSIONERS    OF    INTERNAL    REVENUE. 


Tench  Coxe  of  Pennsylvania,  from  May  8,  1792. 
W.  Miller  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  28,  1798. 
S.  H.  Smith  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  July  31, 1813. 
George  S.  Boutwell  of  Massachusetts,  from  July  12, 

1862. 
Charles  F.  Estee  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  5, 1863, 

ad  int. 
J.  J.  Lewis  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  10,  1863. 


William  Orton  of  New  York,  from  July  1,  1865. 
E.  A.  Rollins  of  New  Hampshire,  from  Nov.  1,  1865. 
Columbus  Delano  of  Ohio,  from  March  11,  1869. 
Alfred  Pleasonton  of  New  York,  from  Jan.  3,  1871. 
John  W.   Douglass   of    Pennsylvania,   from  Aug.   9, 

1871. 

Daniel  D.  Pratt  of  Indiana,  from  May  15,  1875. 
Green  B.  Rauin  of  Illinois,  from  Aug.  2,  1876. 


The  commissioner  of  internal  revenue  makes  all  assessments,  and  superintends  the  collection  of  all  taxes; 
preparation  of  instructions  for  special  tax-stamps  (formerly  licenses),  forms,  and  stamps  of  all  kinds;  and 
pay s_  into  the  treasury  daily  all  moneys  received  by  him  from  collectors.  He  is  aided  in  his  duties  by  the 
solicitor  of  internal  revenue,  who  is  an  officer  of  the  department  of  justice,  and  to  whom  all  questions  of  law 
and  practice  thereunder  are  submitted ;  by  one  deputy  commissioner,  seven  heads  of  divisions,  one  stenog 
rapher,  twenty-five  clerks  of  class  four,  thirty  clerks  of  class  three,  forty  clerks  of  class  two,  eighteen  of 
class  one,  fifty  clerks  at  $900  each,  four  messengers,  and  ten  laborers,  aggregating  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
seven  persons. 

The  business  of  the  bureau  is  transacted  in  seven  divisions;  viz.:  — 

Appointment  Division.  — Is  charged  with  all  matters  pertaining  to  issuing  of  commissions,  leaves  of  absence, 
office  discipline,  assorting  and  disposition  of  the  mail,  registry  and  copying  of  all  letters;  with  the  care  of  the 
general  files,  and  all  matters  relating  to  messengers,  laborers,  office  stationery,  printing,  advertising,  and  tlio 
preparation  of  blanks  and  blank-books  for  the  bureau. 

Law  Division.  —  Is  charged  with  all  questions  (except  as  hereinafter  stated)  relating  to  seizures,  suits, 
abatement,  and  refunding  <-Iaims,  and  those  relating  to  special  taxes,  documentary  stamp-taxes,  taxes  on  in 
comes,  legacies,  and  successions,  and  on  dividends,  &c. ;  also  lands  purchased  for  the  United  States  on  dis 
traint,  and  the  extension  of  time  on  distraints. 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


231 


Tobacco  Division.  —  Is  charged  with  all  matters  (including  special  taxes)  relating  to  tobacco,  snuff,  and 
cigars  not  in  suit  or  in  bond,  stamp-tax  on  medicines  and  preparations  under  schedule  A,  Revised  Statutes. 

Division  of  Accounts.  —  Has  charge  of  the  examination  and  reference  of  the  revenue  and  disbursing  ac 
counts,  the  estimates  of  collectors  and  of  their  applications  for  special  allowances,  and  other  matters  relative 
to  advertising  and  the  purchase  of  blank-books,  newspapers,  and  stationery  for  collectors,  revenue  agents,  &c. ; 
also  has  charge  of  the  examination  and  reference  of  the  monthly  bills  of  revenue  agents,  gangers,  and  dis 
tillery  surveyors,  and  of  all  miscellaneous  claims  presented  to  this  bureau  arising  under  any  appropriation 
made  for  carrying  into  effect  the  various  internal-revenue  laws  (excepting  claims  for  abatement,  refunding, 
and  drawback),  and  the  preparation  of  estimates  for  appropriations  by  Congress,  together  with  the  prepara 
tion  of  the  statistical  records  of  the  bureau.  » 

Division  of  Distilled  Spirits.  —  This  division  is  charged  with  the  supervision  of  all  matters  pertaining  to 
distilleries,  distilled  spirits,  fermented  liquors,  wines,  rectification,  gangers'  fees  and  instruments,  approval  of 
bonded  warehouses,  and  the  assignment  of  storekeepers. 

Stamp  Division.  —  This  division  is  charged  with  the  supervision  of  the  preparation,  safe  keeping,  issue,  and 
redemption  of  stamps  for  distilled  spirits,  tobacco,  snuff,  and  cigars,  fermented  liquors,  special  taxes,  docu 
mentary  and  proprietary  stamps,  and  the  keeping  of  all  accounts  pertaining  thereto;  also  the  supervision  of 
all  business  with  Adams's  Express  Company,  and  the  preparation,  custody,  and  issue  of  steel  dies  for  cancel 
ling  stamps. 

Division  of  Assessments. —Is  charged  with  the  preparation  of  the  assessment  lists;  with  the  consideration 
of  all  reports  and  returns,  except  those  received  from  distillers,  rectifiers,  and  brewers,  affording  data  from 
which  assessments  may  be  made;  also  with  keeping  the  bonded  account,  and  with  the  consideration  of  claims 
for  the  allowance  of  drawback. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  there  was  organized,  at  the  commencement  of  what  is  commonly  known  as  the 
"whiskey  war,"  a  division  of  revenue  agents  for  the  purpose  of  detecting  any  and  all  frauds  which  might 
be  perpetrated  against  the  internal-revenue  laws;  and  for  the  reason  that  the  work  assigned  to  this  division 
has  been  efficiently  performed,  and  with  great  advantage  to  the  interests  of  the  government,  the  same  has 
been  continued,  and  is  now  in  active  operation. 

SUPERINTENDENTS  OF  THE  COAST  SURVEY. 


Alexander  D.  Bache  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Dec.  12, 

1843. 
J.  E.  Hilgard  of  Illinois,  from  April  11, 1862. 


Benjamin  Peirce  of  Massachusetts,  from  Sept.  27, 1867. 
C.  P.  Patterson  of  California,  from  May  4, 1871. 


The  coast  survey  is  continuing  the  hydrographical  survey  of  the  Atlantic,  Pacific,  and  lake  coasts,  with  the 
topography  of  the  shores,  tidal  operations,  &c. ;  drawings  of  charts  are  made  and  published;  and  the  publica 
tion  of  the  "  Coast  Pilot "  for  the  Atlantic  coast  has  been  commenced. 


THE  WAR  DEPAETMENT. 


SECRETARIES   OF  WAR. 


Henry  Knox  of  Massachusetts,  from  Sept.  12, 1789. 
Timothy  Pickering  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  2,  1795. 
James  McHenry  of  Maryland,  from  Jan.  27,  1790. 
Samuel  Dexter  of  Massachusetts,  from  May  13,  1800. 
Roger  Griswold  of  Connecticut,  from  Feb.  3,  1801. 
Henry  Dearborn  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  5,  1801. 
William  Eustis  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  7,  1809. 
John  Armstrong  of  New  York,  from  Jan.  13,  1813. 
James  Monroe  of  Virginia,  from  Aug.  31,  1814,  ad  int. 
William  H.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  from  Aug.  1,  1815. 
Isaac  Shelby  of  Kentucky,  from  March  5,  1817. 
George  Graham  of  Virginia,  from  April  7, 1817,  ad  int. 
John  C.  Calhoun  of  South  Carolina,  from  Oct.  8, 1817. 
James  Barbour  of  Virginia,  from  March  7,  1825. 
Samuel  L.  Southard  of  New  Jersey,  from  May  26,  1828, 

ad  int. 

Peter  B.  Porter  of  New  York,  from  May  26,  1828. 
John  H.  Eaton  of  Tennessee,  from  March  9,  1829. 
Philip  G.  Randolph  of  Virginia,  from  June  18,  1831,  ad 

int. 

Roger  B.  Taney  of  Maryland,  from  July  21, 1831,  ad  int. 
Lewis  Cass  of  Ohio,  from  Aug.  1,  1831. 
Benjamin  F.  Butler  of  New  York,  from  Oct.  25, 1836, 

ad  int. 
Joel   R.  Poinsett  of  South  Carolina,  from  March  7, 

1837. 
John  Bell  of  Tennessee,  from  March  5, 1841. 


John  McLean  of  Ohio,  from  Sept.  13,  1841. 
John  C.  Spencer  of  New  York,  from  Oct.  12,  1841. 
James  M.  Porter  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  8,  1843. 
William  Wilkins  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Feb.  15, 1844. 
William  L.  Marcy  of  New  York,  from  March  5,  1845. 
George  W.  Crawford  of  Georgia,  from  March  8,  1849. 
Winfield  Scott  of  Virginia,  from  July  23,  1850,  ad  int. 
Charles  M.  Conrad  of  Louisiana,  from  Aug.  15,  1850. 
Jefferson  Davis  of  Mississippi,  from  March  7,  1853. 
Samuel  Cooper  of  New  York,  from  March  3,  1857,  ad 

int. 

John  B.  Floyd  of  Virginia,  from  March.6, 1857. 
Joseph  Holt  of  Kentucky,  from  Jan.  18,  1861. 
Simon  Cameron  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  5,  1861. 
Edwin  M.  Stanton  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  15, 1862. 
U.  S.  Grant  of  Illinois,  from  Aug.  12,  1867,  ad  int. 
E.  M.  Stanton  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  14,  1868. 
John  M.  Schofield  of  New  York,  from  May  28,  1868. 
John  A.  Rawlins  of  Illinois,  from  March  11,  1869. 
William  T.  Sherman  of  Ohio,  from  Sept.  9, 1869,  ad  int. 
William  W.  Belknap  of  Iowa,  from  Oct.  25, 1869. 
George  M.  Robeson  of  New  Jersey,  from  March  2, 1876, 

ad  int. 

Alphonso  Taft  of  Ohio,  from  March  8, 1876. 
James  Donald  Cameron  of  Pennsylvania,  from  May  22, 

1876. 
George  W.  McCrary  of  Iowa,  from  March  12, 1877. 


The  secretary  of  war  performs  such  duties  as  the  President  of  the  United  States,  who  is  commander-in- 
chief,  may  enjoin  upon  him  concerning  the  military  service,  and  has  the  superintendence  of  the  purchase  of 
army  supplies,  transportation,  &c. 


232  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

The  chief  clerk  receives  in  the  secretary's  office  the  public  mail  and  correspondence;  distributes,  records, 
and  answers  it;  keeps  the  accounts  of  appropriations  and  estimates;  is  the  medium  of  communication  between 
the  secretary  and  officers  of  the  department;  and  has  the  general  superintendence  of  the  department. 

ASSISTANT   SECRETARIES   OF   WAR. 


Thomas  A.  Scott  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  10, 

18(51. 
Peter  II.  "Watson  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  Jan.  24, 

1862. 


John  Tucker  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  29,  1862. 
Christopher  P.  Wolcott  of  Ohio,  from  June  11,  1862. 
Charles  A.  Dana  of  New  York,  from  Jan.  28,  1864. 
Thomas  T.  Eckert  of  New  York,  from  July  27, 1866. 


The  office  of  assistant  secretary  of  war  was  abolished  in  1868. 

MILITARY   BUREAUS   OF   THE   WAR   DEPARTMENT. 

The  chiefs  of  the  military  bureaus  of  the  War  Department  are  officers  of  the  regular  army  of  the  United 
States,  and  a  part  of  the  military  establishment;  viz.:  — 

The  Adjutant-General  promulgates  the  orders  of  the  President  and  the  general  commanding  the  army,  and 
conducts  correspondence  between  the  general  and  the  army,  receives  reports,  issues  commissions  and  resigna 
tions,  superintends  recruiting  and  the  military  prison  at  Leavenworth,  has  charge  of  the  papers  concerning  the 
enlistment  and  drafting  of  volunteers,  receives  all  muster-rolls,  and  furnishes  consolidated  reports  of  the  entire 
army,  and  has  charge,  under  the  general,  of  details  affecting  the  discipline  of  the  army. 

The  Inspector-General  and  his  assistants  inspect  and  report  upon  the  personnel  and  the  materiel  of  the 
army  at  all  posts,  stations,  and  depots;  and  give  instruction  relative  to  the  correct  interpretation  of  doubtful 
points  of  law,  regulations,  and  orders,  and  upon  other  mooted  questions  regarding  the  proper  performance  of 
military  duties ;  and  they  also  inspect  the  money  accounts  of  all  disbursing  officers  of  the  army  under  the  act 
of  Congress  approved  April  20,  1874. 

The  Quartermaster-General,  aided  by  assistants,  provides  quarters  and  transportation  for  the  army,  clothing, 
camp  and  garrison  equipage,  horses  and  mules,  forage,  wagons,  stoves,  stationery,  fuel,  lights,  straw,  hospitals, 
and  medicines:  he  pays  the  expenses  of  guides,  spies,  and  interpreters,  and  veterinary  surgeons;  pays  the 
funeral-expenses  of  officers  and  men;  and  is  in  charge  of  the  national  cemeteries. 

The  Commissary-General  has  administrative  control  of  the  subsistence  department,  of  the  disbursement  of 
its  appropriations ;  the  providing  of  rations,  and  their  issue  to  the  army ;  the  purchase  and  distribution  of  arti 
cles  authorized  to  be  kept  for  sale  to  officers  and  enlisted  men ;  and  the  adjustment  of  accounts  and  returns  for 
subsistence  funds  and  supplies,  preliminary  to  their  settlement  by  the  proper  accounting  officers  of  the  treasury. 

The  Surgeon-General,  under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  secretary  of  war,  is  charged  with  the  adminis 
trative  duties  of  the  medical  department,  the  designation  of  the  stations  of  medical  officers,  and  the  issuing  of 
all  orders  and  instructions  relating  to  their  professional  duties.  He  directs  as  to  the  selection,  purchase,  and 
distribution  of  the  medical  supplies  of  the  army.  The  Army  Medical  Museum  and  the  official  publications  of 
the  surgeon-general's  office  are  also  under  his  direct  control. 

The  Paymaster-General  and  his  assistants  pay  the  army,  also  second  auditor's  treasury  certificates,  and 
keep  a  record  of  said  payments. 

The  Chief  of  Engineers  commands  the  corps  of  engineers,  which  is  charged  with  all  duties  relating  to  forti 
fications,  whether  permanent  or  temporary;  with  torpedoes  for  coast  defence;  with  all  works  for  the  attack 
and  defence  of  places;  with  all  military  bridges;  and  with  such  surveys  as  may  be  required  for  these  objects,  or 
the  movement  of  armies  in  the  field.  It  is  also  charged  with  the  harbor  and  river  improvements ;  with  military 
and  geographical  explorations  and  surveys;  with  the  survey  of  the  lakes;  and  with  any  other  engineer  work 
specially  assigned  to  the  corps  by  acts  of  Congress,  or  orders  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. 

The  Chief  of  Ordnance  commands  the  ordnance  department,  the  duties  of  which  consist  in  providing,  pre 
serving,  distributing,  and  accounting  for  every  description  of  artillery,  small-arms,  and  all  the  munitions  of 
war,  which  may  be  required  for  the  fortresses  of  the  country,  the  armies  in  the  field,  and  for  the  whole  body  of 
the  militia  of  the  Union.  In  these  duties  are  comprised  that  of  determining  the  general  principles  of  construc 
tion,  and  of  prescribing  in  detail  the  models  and  forms  of  all  military  weapons  employed  in  war.  They  com 
prise  also  the  duty  of  prescribing  the  regulations  for  the  proof  and  inspection  of  all  these  weapons,  for  main 
taining  uniformity  and  economy  in  their  fabrication,  for  insuring  their  good  quality,  and  for  their  preservation 
and  distribution;  and,  for  carrying  into  effect  the  general  purposes  here  stated,  large  annual  appropriations  are 
made;  and,  in  order  to  fulfil  these  purposes,  extensive  operations  are  conducted  at  the  national  armories,  arse 
nals,  and  ordnance  depots. 

The  Judge- Advocate-General  and  his  assistant  receive,  review,  and  have  recorded,  the  proceedings  of  the 
courts-martial,  courts  of  inquiry,  and  military  commissions,  of  the  armies  of  the  United  States,  and  furnish 
reports  and  opinions  on  such  questions  of  law  and  other  matters  as  maybe  referred  to  the  bureau  of  military 
justice  for  the  purpose  by  the  secretary  of  war. 

The  Chief  Signal  Officer  superintends  the  instruction  of  officers  and  men  in  signal  duties,  supervises  the 
preparation  of  maps  and  charts,  and  has  the  reports  from  the  numerous  stations  received  at  Washington  con- 
BoUdated  and  published. 


THE   EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


THE  NAVY  DEPAETMENT. 


SECRETARIES   OF   THE   NAVY. 


George  Cabot  of  Massachusetts,  from  May  3,  1798. 
Benjamin  Stoddert  of  Maryland,  from  May  21,  1798. 
Robert  Smith  of  Maryland,  from  July  15,  1801. 
Jacob  Crowninshield  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  3, 

1805. 

Paul  Hamilton  of  South  Carolina,  from  March  7,  1809. 
William  Jones  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  12,  1813. 
Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield  of  Massachusetts,  from 

Dec.  19, 1814. 

Smith  Thompson  of  New  York,  from  Nov.  9,  1818. 
John  Rodgeis  of  Maryland,  from  Sept.  1,  1823,  ad  int. 
Samuel  L.  Southard  of  New  Jersey,  from  Sept.  16, 1823. 
John  Branch  of  North  Carolina,  from  March  9,  1829. 
Levi  Woodbury  of  New  Hampshire,  from  May  23, 1831. 
Mahlon  Dickersen  of  New  Jersey,  from  June  30,  1834. 
James  K.  Paulding  of  New  York,  from  June  25, 1838. 
George  E.  Badger  of  North  Carolina,  from  March  5, 

184L 


Abel  P.  Upshur  of  Virginia,  from  Sept.  13, 1841. 
David  Henshaw  of  Massachusetts,  from  July  24, 1843. 
Thomas  W.  Gilmer  of  Virginia,  from  Feb.  15, 1844. 
John  Y.  Mason  of  Virginia,  from  March  14, 1844. 
George  Bancroft  of   Massachusetts,  from  March  10, 

1845. 

John  Y.  Mason  of  Virginia,  from  Sept.  9, 1846. 
William  B.  Preston  of  Virginia,  from  March  8, 1849. 
William  A.  Graham  of  North  Carolina,  from  Julv  22. 

1850. 

John  P.  Kennedy  of  Maryland,  from  July  22, 1852. 
James  C.  Dobbin  of  North  Carolina,  from  March  7, 

1853. 

Isaac  Toucey  of  Connecticut,  from  March  6, 1857. 
Gideon  Welles  of  Connecticut,  from  March  5, 1861. 
Adolph  E.  Borie  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  5, 1869. 
George  M.  Robeson  of  New  Jersey,  from  June  25, 1869. 
Richard  W.  Thompson  of  Indiana,  from  March  12, 1877. 


The  secretary  of  the  navy  performs  such  duties  as  the  President  of  the  United  States,  who  is  commander- 
in-chifif,  may  assign  him;  and  has  the  general  superintendence  of  construction,  manning,  armament,  equip 
ment,  and  employment  of  vessels-of-war. 

Ttut  C3uef  Clerk  has  general  charge  of  the  records  and  correspondence  of  the  secretary's  office. 

ASSISTANT   SECRETARIES   OF   THE   NAVY. 

Gustavns  V.  Fox  of  Massachusetts,  from  July  31,  1861.  I  Gustavus  V.  Fox   of  Massachusetts,  from  Nov.  26, 
William  Faxon  of  Connecticut,  from  June  1,  1866.          |         1866. 

The  office  of  assistant  secretary  of  the  navy  was  abolished  in  1868. 


NAVAL  BUREAUS  OF  THE  NAVY  DEPARTMENT. 

The  chiefs  of  the  naval  bureaus  of  the  Navy  Department  are  officers  of  the  United-States  navy,  and  a  part 
of  the  naval  establishment ;  viz. :  — 

The,  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks  has  charge  of  the  navy-yards  and  naval  stations,  their  construc 
tion  and  repair:  he  purchases  timber  and  other  materials. 

The  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Navigation  supplies  vessels-of-war  with  maps,  charts,  chronometers,  barometers, 
flags,  signal-lights,  glasses,  and  stationery:  he  has  charge  of  the  publication  of  charts,  "  The  Nautical  Almanac," 
and  surveys ;  and  the  Naval  Observatory  and  Hydrographic  Office  at  Washington  are  under  the  direction  of 
this  bureau. 

The  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Ordnance  has  charge  of  the  manufacture  of  naval  ordnance  and  ammunition;  the 
armament  of  vessels-of-war;  the  arsenals  and  magazines;  the  trials  and  tests  of  ordnance,  small-arms,  and 
ammunition;  also  of  the  torpedo-service,  and  torpedo-station  at  Newport,  and  experimental  battery  at 
Annapolis. 

The  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Provisions  and  Clothing  has  charge  of  all  contracts  and  purchases  for  the  supply 
of  provisions,  water  for  cooking  and  drinking  purposes,  clothing,  and  small  stores  for  the  use  of  the  navy. 

The  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Medicine  and  Surgery  superintends  every  thing  relating  to  medicines,  medical 
stores,  surgical  instruments,  and  hospital  supplies  required  for  the  treatment  of  the  sick  and  wounded  of  the 
navy  and  the  marine  corps. 

The  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Construction  and  Repair  has  charge  of  dry-docks  and  of  all  vessels  undergoing 
repairs,  the  designing,  building,  and  fitting-out  of  vessels,  and  the  armor  of  iron-clads. 

Tlie  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Equipment  and  Recruitinfi  has  charge  of  the  equipment  of  all  vessels-of-war,  and 
the  supply  to  their  sails,  rigging,  anchors,  and  fuel;  also  of  the  recruiting  of  sailors  of  the  various  grades. 

The  Enrjineer-in-Chief  directs  the  designing,  fitting  out,  running,  and  repairing  of  the  steam  marine  engines, 
boilers  and  appurtenances  used  on  vessels-of-war,  and  the  workshops  in  the  navy-yards  where  they  are  made 
and  repaired. 


234 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  DEPAETMENT  OF  THE  INTEKIOK, 


SECRETARIES   OF   THE   INTERIOR. 


Thomas  Ewing  of  Ohio,  from  March  8, 1849. 

Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Aug. 

15, 1850. 

Alexander  H.  H.  Stuart  of  Virginia,  from  Sept.  12, 1850. 
Robert  McClelland  of  Michigan,  from  March  7, 1853. 
Jacob  Thompson  of  Mississippi,  from  March  6, 1857. 
Caleb  B.  Smith  of  Indiana,  from  March  5,  1861. 


John  P.  Usher  of  Indiana,  from  Jan,  8, 1863, 
James  Harlan  of  Iowa,  from  May  15, 1865. 
Orville  H.  Browning  of  Illinois,  from  Sept.  1, 1865, 
Jacob  D.  Cox  of  Ohio,  from  March  5, 1869. 
Columbus  Delano  of  Ohio,  from  Nov.  1, 1870. 
Zachariah  Chandler  of  Michigan,  from  Oct.  19, 1875, 
Carl  Schurz  of  Missouri,  from  March  12, 1877. 


The  secretary  of  the  interior  is  charged  with  the  supervision  of  public  business  relating  to  patents  for 
inventions;  pensions  and  bounty-lands ;  the  public  lands,  including  mines ;  the  Indians;  education;  the  census, 
when  directed  by  law;  the  custody  and  distribution  of  public  documents;  and  certain  hospitals  and  eleemosy 
nary  institutions  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  He  also  exercises  certain  powers  and  duties  in  relation  to  the 
Territories  of  the  United  States. 

ASSISTANT    SECRETARIES   OF   THE   INTERIOR. 


John  P.  Usher  of  Indiana,  from  March  20,  1862. 
"William  T.  Otto  of  Indiana,  from  Jan.  29,  1863. 
Benjamin  R.  Cowen  of  Ohio,  from  April  17,  1871. 


Charles  T.  Gorham  of  Michigan,  from  March  10, 1876, 
Alonzo  Bell  of  New  York,  from  April  9, 1877. 


The  assistant  secretary  of  the  interior  performs  such  duties  as  are  prescribed  by  the  secretary  or  required! 
by  law,  aiding  in  the  general  administration  of  the  affairs  of  the  department.  In  the  absence  of  the  secretary, 
he  acts  as  the  head  of  the  department. 

The  Chief  Clerk  has  the  general  management  of  the  order  of  business  in  the  secretary's  office,  which  is 
transacted  in  divisions;  viz.,  Appointment  Division,  Disbursement  Division,  Land  and  Railroad  Division, 
Indian  Division,  Pension  and  Miscellaneous  Division.  Document  Division,  Stationery  Division,  and  Returns 
Office. 

COMMISSIONERS   OF   THE   GENERAL   LAND-OFFICE.* 


Edward  Tiffin  of  Ohio,  from  May  7, 1812. 

Josiah  Meigs  of  Georgia,  from  Oct.  11,  1814. 

John  McLean  of  Ohio,  from  Sept.  11,  1822. 

George  Graham  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  June  26, 

1823. 
John  M.  Moore  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Oct.  1,  1830, 

ad  int. 

Elijah  Hayward  of  Ohio,  from  Sept.  30,  1830. 
Ethan  A.  Brown  of  Ohio,  from  Aug.  31,  1835. 
James  Whitcomb  of  Indiana,  from  Oct.  31,  1836. 
Elisha  M.  Huntington  of  New  York,  from  Julv  3, 

1841. 

Thomas  H.  Blake  of  Indiana,  from  May  19,  1842. 
James  Shields  of  Illinois,  from  April  16,  1845. 


Richard  M.  Young  of  Illinois,  from  Jan.  6, 1847. 
Justin  Butterfield  of  Illinois,  from  Jan.  24, 1850. 
John  Wilson  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  Sept.  16, 

1852. 

Thomas  A.  Hendricks  of  Indiana,  from  Jan.  8, 1856. 
Samuel  A.  Smith  of  Tennessee,  from  Jan.  18T 1860. 
Joseph  S.  Wilson  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  Feb. 

13,  1860. 

James  M.  Edmunds  of  Michigan,  from  March  19, 1861. 
Joseph  S.  Wilson  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  Aug. 

10,  18(56. 

Willis  Drummond  of  Iowa,  from  Feb.  4, 1871. 
Samuel  S.  Burdett  of  Missouri,  from  June  1, 1874. 
James  A.  Williamson  of  Iowa,  from  June  24, 1876. 


The  commissioner  of  public  lands  is  charged  with  the  survey,  management,  and  sale  of  the  public  domain, 
and  the  issuing  of  titles  therefor,  whether  derived  from  confirmations  of  grants  made  by  former  governments, 
by  sales,  donations,  or  grants  for  schools,  railroads,  military  bounties,  or  public  improvements.  The  land-office 
also  audits  its  own  accounts. 

The  divisions  of  the  office  are,  the  Recorder's,  Public  Lands,  Private  Land-Claims,  Surveys,  Draughting, 
Mineral  Claims,  Railroads,  Bounty  Lands,  Swamp  Lands,  Pre-emption  Claims,  and  Accounts. 


COMMISSIONERS   OF   PATENTS.2 


William  Thornton  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  1802. 

Thomas  P.  Jones,  from  April  12,  1828. 

John  D.  Craig,  from  Jan.  1,  1830. 

James  C.  Pickett  of  Virginia,  from  Feb.  1, 1835. 

Henry  L.  Ellsworth  of  Connecticut,  from  July  4,  1836. 

Edmund  Burke  of  New  Hampshire,  from  May  5,  1845. 


Thomas  Ewbank  of  New  York,  from  Sept.  3, 1850. 
Silas  II.  Hodges  of  Vermont,  from  Nov.  8, 1852. 
Richard  C.  Weightman  of  District  of  Columbia,  ad  int. 
Charles  Mason  of  New  York,  from  March  24, 1853. 
S.  T.  Shugert  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  5, 1857,  ad  int. 
Ellis  Spear  of  Maine,  from  April,  1877. 


1  The  General  Land  Office  was  organized  as  a  bureau  of  the  Treasury  Department  by  Act  of  Congress  approved  April  25, 
1812  (prior  to  which  time  grants  of  land  were  issued  by  letters-patent  from  the  Department  of  State),  and  was  transferred  to 
the  Department  of  the  Interior  upon  the  creation  of  the  department  in  1849. 

2  Prior  to  the  year  1*36  the  Patent  Office  was  a  bureau  in  the  Department  of  State,  and  the  heads  of  the  office  were  styled 
"  superintendents."    The  office  was  re-organized  by  Act  of  Congress  approved  July  4,  1836,  and  transferred  to  the  Department 
»f  the  Interior  upon  tho  creation  of  this  department  in  1849. 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


235 


Joseph  Holt  of  Kentucky,  from  Sept.  10, 1857. 
Samuel  T.  Shugert  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  15, 

1859,  ad  int. 

"William  D.  Bishop  of  Connecticut,  from  May  23, 1859. 
Philip  F.  Thomas  of  Maryland,  from  Feb.  16,  I860. 
Samuel  T.  Shugert  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Dec.  14, 1860, 

ad  int. 
David  P.  Holloway  of  Indiana,  from  March  28, 1861. 


Thomas  C.  Theaker  of  Ohio,  from  Aug.  17, 1865. 
Elisha  Foote  of  New  York,  from  June  6,  1868. 
Samuel  S.  Fisher  of  Ohio,  from  May  1,  1869. 
Mortimer  D.  Leggett  of  Ohio,  from  Jan.  16, 1871. 
John  M.  Thacher  of  Virginia,  from  Nov.  1,  1874. 
R.  Holland  Duell  of  New  York,  from  Oct.  1, 1875. 
Ellis  Spear  of  Maine,  from  Jan.  30, 1877. 


The  commissioner  of  patents  is  charged  with  the  administration  of  the  patent-laws,  and  supervises  all  mat 
ters  relating  to  the  issue  of  letters-patent  for  new  and  useful  discoveries,  inventions,  and  improvements  He  is 
aided  by  an  assistant  commissioner,  three  examiners-in-chief,  twenty-four  examiners,  an  examiner  of  inter 
ferences,  and  an  examiner  of  trade-marks. 


COMMISSIONERS   OF   PENSIONS.* 


James  L.  Edwards  of  Virginia,  from  March  9, 1837. 
James  E.  Heath  of  Virginia,  from  Nov.  27,  1850. 
Loren  P.  Waldo  of  Connecticut,  from  March  17,  1853. 
Josiah  Minot  of  New  Hampshire,  from  Jan.  10,  1856. 
George  C.  Whiting  of  Virginia,  from  Jan.  19,  1857. 
Joseph  H.  Barrett  of  Ohio,  from  May  1,  1861. 


Christopher  C.  Cox  of  Maryland,  from  July  28, 1868. 
Henry  Van  Acrnam  of  New  York,  from  May  1,1869. 
James  H.  Baker  of  Minnesota,  from  April  20, 1871. 
Henry  M.  Atkinson  of  Nebraska,  from  March  26, 1875. 
Charles  R.  Gill  of  Wisconsin,  from  Feb.  10, 1876. 
John  A.  Bentley  of  Wisconsin,  from  March  28, 1876. 


futionary  and  all  subsequent  wars  in  which  the  United  States  has  been  engaged.  He  is  assisted  by  a  deputy- 
commissioner,  a  medical  referee,  and  a  board  of  appeal.  The  divisions  of  the  office  are  entitled  the  Invalid, 
Widows',  War  of  1812,  Medical,  Records  and  Accounts,  Bounty-Land,  Special  Service,  and  Mail. 

COMMISSIONERS   OF   INDIAN   AFFAIRS.2 


Elbert  Herring  of  Connecticut,  from  July,  1832. 
Carey  A.  Harris  of  Tennessee,  from  July  4,  1836. 
Thomas  Hartley  Crawford  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Oct. 

22,  1838. 

William  Medill  of  Ohio,  from  Oct.  28, 1845. 
Orlando  Brown  of  Kentucky,  from  May  29,  1850. 
Luke  Lea  of  Mississippi,  from  July  1,  1850. 
George  W.  Manypenny  of  Ohio,  from  March  24,  1853. 
James  W.  Denver  of  California,  from  April  17,  1857. 
Charles  E.  Mix  of  Connecticut,  from  June  17, 1858. 
James  W.  Denver  of  California,  from  Nov.  8,  1858. 


Alfred  B.  Greenwood  of  Georgia,  from  May  13, 1859. 
William  P.  Dole  of  Illinois,  from  March  14, 1881. 
Dennis  N.  Cooley  of  Iowa,  from  July  11, 1865. 
Lewis  V.  Bogy  of  Missouri,  from  Nov.  1, 1866. 
Nathaniel  G.  Taylor  of  Tennessee,  from  March  26L 

1867. 

Ely  S.  Parker  of  New  York,  from  April  21, 1869. 
Francis  A.  Walker  of  Massachusetts,  from  Dec.  16, 1871. 
Edward  P.  Smith  of  New  York,  from  March  20, 1&73. 
John  Q.  Smith  of  Ohio,  from  Dec.  11, 1875. 
Ezra  A.  Hayt  of  New  York,  from  August,  187T. 


The  commissioner  of  Indian  affairs  has  charge  of  the  several  tribes  of  Indians  in  the  States  and  Territories. 
He  issues  instructions  to,  and  receives  reports  from,  inspectors,  superintendents,  agents,  and  traders;  super 
intends  the  purchase,  transportation,  and  distribution  of  presents  and  annuities;  and  reports  annually  the  rela 
tion  of  the  government  with  each  tribe.  The  divisions  of  the  office  are  four  in  number;  viz.,  the  Finance,  Land 
Accounts,  Civilization,  Educational  and  Records. 

COMMISSIONERS   OF   EDUCATION. 
Henry  Barnard  of  Connecticut,  from  March  14, 1867.      |  John  Eaton  of  Tennessee,  from  March  16, 1870. 

The  duties  of  the  commissioner  of  education  are  to  collect  such  statistics  and  facts  as  shall  show  the  condi 
tion  and  progress  of  education  in  the  several  States  and  Territories,  and  of  diffusing  such  information  respecting 
the  organization  and  management  of  schools  and  school  systems,  and  methods  of  teaching,  as  shall  aid  the 
people  of  the  United  States  in  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  efficient  school  systems,  and  otherwise 
promote  the  cause  of  education  throughout  the  country. 


SUPERINTENDENTS  OF  THE  CENSUS.8 


J.  C.  G.  Kennedy  of  Pennsylvania,  from  1850. 
J.  D.  B.  DeBow  of  Louisiana,  from  1853. 


J.  C.  G.  Kennedy  of  Pennsylvania,  from  1860. 
Francis  A.  Walker  of  Massachusetts,  from  Feb.  7, 1870. 


The  superintendent  of  the  census  supervises  the  taking  of  the  census  of  the  United  States  every  tenth  year, 
and  the  subsequent  arrangement,  compilation,  and  publication  of  the  statistics  collected. 

1  The  Pension  Office  was  a  bureau  in  the  War  Department  until  the  creation  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior  in  the  year 
1849.    The  office  of  Commissioner  of  Pensions  was  created  by  Act  of  March  2,  1833. 

2  The  office  of  Indian  Affairs  was  a  bureau  of  the  War  Department  until  its  transfer  to  the  Department  of  the  Interior 
upon  the  organization  of  that  department  in  1849.    The  office  of  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs  was  created  by  Act  of  July  9, 
1832 

'»  Prior  to  the  year  1850,  the  work  of  the  Census  Office  was  conducted  under  the  direction  of  the  secretary  of  state.  By 
Act  of  March  3, 1849,  this  supervision  was  transferred  to  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  the  chief  of  the  office  being  styled 
"Superintending  Clerk,"  and  afterwards  "  Superintendent." 


236 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


THE  POST-OFFICE  DEPARTMENT. 


POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. 


Samuel  Osgpod  of  Massachusetts,  from  Sept.  26, 1789. 
Timothy  Pickering  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Aug.  12, 

1791. 

Joseph  Habersham  of  Georgia,  from  Feb.  25, 1795. 
Gideon  Granger  of  Connecticut,  from  Nov.  28,  1801. 
Return  J,  Meigs,  jun.,  of  Ohio,  from  March  17,  1814. 
John  McLean  of  Ohio,  from  June  26,  1823. 
William  T.  Barry  of  Kentucky,  from  March  9,  1829. 
Amos  Kendall  of  Kentucky,  from  May  1, 1835. 
John  M.  Niles  of  Connecticut,  from  May  19,  1840. 
Francis  Granger  of  New  York,  from  March  6, 1841. 
Charles  A.  Wickliffe  of  Kentucky,  from  Sept.  13, 1841. 
Cave  Johnson  of  Tennessee,  from  March  6,  1845. 
Jacob  Collainer  of  Vermont,  from  March  8,  1849. 
Nathan  K,  Hall  of  New  York,  from  July  23,  1850. 


Samuel  D.  Hubbard  of  Connecticut,  from  Aug.  31, 1852. 
James  Campbell  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  7, 1853. 
Aaron  V.  Brown  of  Tennessee,  from  March  6,  1857. 
Joseph  Holt  of  Kentucky,  from  March  14, 1859. 
Horatio  King  of  Maine,  from  Feb.  12, 1861. 
Montgomery  Blair  of  District  of  Columbia,  from  March 

5, 1861. 

"William  Dennison  of  Ohio,  from  Sept.  24, 1864. 
Alexander  W.  Randall  of  "Wisconsin,  from  July  25, 

1866. 

John  A.  J.  Creswell  of  Maryland,  from  March  5, 1869. 
James  W.  Marshall  of  Virginia,  from  July  3, 1874. 
Marshall  Jewell  of  Connecticut,  from  Aug.  24,  1874. 
James  N.  Tyner  of  Indiana,  from  July  12,  1876. 
David  M.  Key  of  Tennessee,  from  March  12, 1877. 


The  postmaster-general  has  the  direction  and  management  of  the  Post-office  Department.  He  appoints  all 
officers  and  employes  of  the  department,  except  the  three  assistants  postmaster-general,  who  are  appointed  by 
the  President,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate ;  appoints  all  postmasters  whose  compensation 
does  not  exceed  one  thousand  dollars;  makes  postal  treaties  with  foreign  governments,  by  and  with  the  advice 
and  consent  of  the  President;  awards  and  executes  contracts;  and  directs  the  management  of  the  domestic  and 
foreign  mail  service. 

FIRST   ASSISTANT   POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. 


Seth  Pease  of  Connecticut,  1816. 
Abraham  Bradley  of  Connecticut,  1817. 
Phineas  Bradley  of  Connecticut,  1816. 

(The  office  was  dispensed  with  for  some  years.) 
Charles  K.  Gardner  of  New  Jersey,  1829. 
Selah  R.  Hobbie  of  New  York,  1836. 
S.  D.  Jacobs  of  Tennessee,  1851. 
Selah  R.  Hobbie  of  New  York,  from  March  22,  1853. 
Horatio  King  of  Maine,  from  March  28,  1854. 


St.  John  B.  L.  Skinner  of  New  York,  1861. 
John  A.  Kasson  of  Iowa,  from  March  8, 1861. 
Alexander  W.  Randall  of  Wisconsin,  from  Jan.  9, 1863. 
St.  John  B.  L.  Skinner  of  New  York,  from  July  28, 1866. 
George  Earle  of  Maryland,  from  April  2, 1869. 
James  W.  Marshall  of  New  Jersey,  from  Dec.  1, 1869. 
James  H.  Marr  of  Maryland,  from  July  7,  1874. 
James  W.  Marshall  of  New  Jersey,  from  Aug.  24, 1874. 
James  N.  Tyner  of  Indiana,  from  March  16, 1877. 


The  first  assistant  postmaster-general  has  charge  of  the  appointment-office,  which  includes  five  divisions; 
viz.:  — 

Appointment  Division.  —  The  duty  of  preparing  all  cases  for  the  establishment,  discontinuance,  and  change 
of  name  or  site  of  post-offices,  and  for  the  appointment  of  all  postmasters,  agents,  postal  clerks,  mail-messengers, 
and  department  employe's,  and  attending  to  all  correspondence  consequent  thereto. 

Bond  Division.  —  The  duty  of  receiving  and  recording  appointments;  sending  out  papers  for  postmasters 
and  their  assistants  to  qualify;  receiving,  entering,  and  filing  their  bonds  and  oaths;  and  issuing  the  commis 
sions  for  postmasters. 

Salary  and  Allowance  Division.  —  The  duty  of  re-adjusting  the  salaries  of  postmasters,  and  the  consideration 
of  allowances  for  rent,  fuel,  and  lights,  clerk-hire,  and  miscellaneous  expenditures. 

Free  Delwcnj.  —  The  duty  of  preparing  cases  for  the  inauguration  of  the  system  in  cities,  the  appointment 
of  letter-carriers,  and  the  general  supervision  of  the  system. 

Blank  Agency  Division.  —  The  duty  of  sending  out  the  blanks,  wrapping-paper,  and  twine,  letter-balances, 
and  cancelling-stamps  to  offices  entitled  to  receive  the  same. 


SECOND   ASSISTANT   POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. 


Selah  R.  Hobbie  of  New  York,  1829. 
Robert  Johnson  of  Pennsylvania,  1836. 
Philo  C.  Fuller  of  New  York,  1841. 
John  A.  Bryan  of  Massachusetts,  1842. 
J.  W.  Tyson,  1843. 
N.  M.  Miller  of  Virginia,  1844. 
William  Medill  of  Delaware,  1845. 
William  J.  Brown  of  Indiana,  1845. 


Fitz  Henry  Warren  of  Iowa,  1851. 

William  II.  Dundas  of  Virginia,  1852. 

George  W.  McLellan  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  13, 

1861. 

Giles  A.  Smith  of  Illinois,  from  March  26, 1869. 
John  L.  Routt  of  Illinois,  from  Oct.  12,  1871. 
James  N.  Tyner  of  Indiana,  from  Feb.  26, 1875. 
Thomas  J.  Brady  of  Indiana,  from  July  24,  1876. 


The  second  assistant  postmaster-general  has  charge  of  the  contract-office,  mail  equipments,  &c.,  including 
the  following  three  divisions:  — 

Contract  Division. — The  arrangement  of  the  mail-service  of  the  United  States,  and  placing  the  same  under 
contract,  embracing  all  correspondence  and  proceedings  respecting  the  frequency  of  trips,  mode  of  conveyance, 
and  times  of  departures  and  arrivals  on  all  the  routes,  the  course  of  the  mails  between  the  different  sections  of 
the  country,  the  points  of  mail-distribution,  and  the  regulations  for  the  government  of  the  domestic  mail-service. 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


237 


It  prepares  the  advertisements  for  mail-proposals,  receives  the  bids,  and  has  charge  of  the  annnal  and  occa 
sional  mail-lettings,  and  the  adjustment  and  execution  of  the  contracts.  All  applications  for  the  establishment 
or  alteration  of  mail-arrangements  and  for  mail-messengers  should  be  sent  to  this  office.  All  claims  should  bo 
submitted  to  it  for  transportation  service  not  under  contract.  From  this  office  all  postmasters  at  the  end  of 
routes  receive  the  statement  of  mail-arrangements  prescribed  for  the  respective  routes.  It  reports  weekly  to 
the  auditor  all  contracts  executed,  and  all  orders  affecting  the  accounts  for  mail-transportation  •  prepares  the 
statistical  exhibits  of  the  mail-service,  and  the  reports  to  Congress  of  the  mail-lettings,  giving  a  statement  of 
each  bid,  also  of  the  contracts  made,  the  new  service  originated,  the  curtailments  ordered,  and  the  additional 
allowances  granted  within  the  year. 

Infection  Division.  —  The  duty  of  receiving  and  examining  the  registers  of  the  arrivals  and  departures  of 
the  mails,  certificates  of  the  service  of  route-agents,  and  reports  of  mail-failures;  noting  the  delinquencies  of 
contractors,  and  preparing  cases  thereon  for  the  action  of  the  postmaster-general;  furnishing  blanks  for  mail- 
registers,  reports  of  mail  failures,  and  other  duties  which  may  be  necessary  to  secure  a  faithful  and  exact  per 
formance  of  all  mail  contracts  and  service. 

Mail-Equipment  Division.  —  The  issuing  of  mail  locks  and  keys,  mail  pouches  and  sacks, and  the  construction 
of  mail-bag  catchers. 

THIRD   ASSISTANT    POSTMASTERS-GENERAL. 


Daniel  Coleman  of  North  Carolina,  1836. 
John  S.  Skinner  of  Maryland,  1841. 
N.  M.  Miller  of  Virginia,  1845. 

(This  office  was  dispensed  with  for  some  years.) 
John  Marron  of  Georgia. 


Alexander  N.  Zevely  of  North  Carolina,  from  March 

5, 1859. 

W.  H.  H.  Terrell  of  Indiana,  from  May  22, 18G9. 
Edward  W.  Barber  of  Michigan,  from  March  17, 1873. 
Abram  D.  Hazen  of  Pennsylvania,  from  July  1, 1877. 


The  third  assistant  postmaster-general  has  charge  of  the  finance-office,  &c.,  embracing  the  following  four 
divisions :  — 

Division  of  Finance.  — The  duty  of  issuing  drafts  and  warrants  in  payment  of  balances  reported  by  the 
auditor  to  be  due  to  mail-contractors  or  other  persons;  the  superintendence  of  the  collection  of  revenue  at 
depository,  draft,  and  depositing  offices,  and  the  accounts  between  the  department,  and  the  treasurer  and  as 
sistant  treasurers  and  special  designated  depositaries  of  the  United  States.  This  division  receives  all  accounts, 
monthly  or  quarterly,  of  the  depository  and  draft  offices,  and  certificates  of  deposit  from  depositing-offices. 

Division  of  Postage-Stamps  and  Stamped  Envelopes. — The  issuing  of  postage-stamps,  stamped  envelopes, 
newspaper-wrappers,  and  postal  cards ;  also  the  supplying  of  postmasters  with  envelopes  for  their  official  use, 
and  registered  package-envelopes  and  seals. 

Division  of  Registered  Letters.  —  The  duty  of  preparing  instructions  for  the  guidance  of  postmasters  relative 
to  registered  letters  and  all  correspondence  connected  therewith;  also  the  compilation  of  statistics  as  to  the 
transactions  of  the  business. 

Division  of  Dead  Letters.  —  The  examination,  and  return  to  the  writers,  of  dead  letters,  and  all  correspondence 
relating  thereto. 

The  Superintendent  of  Foreign  Mails  has  charge  of  all  foreign  postal  arrangements,  and  the  supervision  of  the 
ocean  mail-steamship  service. 

The  Superintendent  of  the  Money-Order  System  has  the  general  supervision  and  control  of  the  postal  money- 
order  system  throughout  the  United  States,  and  the  supervision  of  the  international  money-order  correspond 
ence  with  foreign  countries. 


DEPAETMENT  OF  JUSTICE. 


ATTORNEYS-GENERAL. 


Edmund  Randolph  of  Virginia,  from  Sept.  26, 1789. 

"William  Bradford  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  27,  1794. 

Charles  Lee  of  Virginia,  from  Dec.  10,  1795. 

Levi  Lincoln  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  5,  1801. 

Robert  Smith  of  Maryland,  from  March  3,  1805. 

John  Breckinridge  of  Kentucky,  from  Aug.  7, 1805. 

Cjcsar  A.  Rodney  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  20,  1807. 

William  Pinkney  of  Maryland,  from  Dec.  11,  1811. 

Richard  Rush  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Feb.  10, 1814. 

William  Wirt  of  Virginia,  from  Nov.  13, 1817. 

John  Macpherson  Berrien  of  Georgia,  from  March  9, 

1829. 

Roger  B.  Taney  of  Marvland,  from  July  20,  1831. 
Benjamin  F.  Butler  of  New  York,  from  Nov.  15, 1833. 
Felix  Grundy  of  Tennessee,  from  July  5,  1838. 
Henry  D.  Gilpin  of  Pennsylvania,  from  Jan.  11, 1840. 
John  J.  Crittcnden  of  Kentucky,  from  March  5,  1841. 
Hugh  S.  LegarcS  of  South  Carolina,  from  Sept.  13,  1841. 
John  Nelson  of  Maryland,  from  July  1,  1843. 
John  Y.  Mason  of  Virginia,  from  March  6,  1845. 


Nathan  Clifford  of  Maine,  from  Oct.  17,  1846. 
Isaac  Toucey  of  Connecticut,  from  June  21, 1848. 
Reverdy  Johnson  of  Maryland,  from  March  8, 1849. 
John  J.  Crittenden  of  Kentucky,  from  July  22, 1850. 
Caleb  Gushing  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  7,  1853. 
Jeremiah  S.  Black  of  Pennsylvania,  from  March  6, 

1857. 
Edwin  M.  Stanton  of   Pennsylvania,  from  Dec.  20, 

1860. 

Edward  Bates  of  Missouri,  from  March  5, 1861. 
James  Speed  of  Kentucky,  from  Dec.  2, 1864. 
Henry  Stanbery  of  Kentucky,  from  July  23, 1866. 
William  M.  Evarts  of  Ne\v  York,  from  July  15, 1868. 
Ebenezer  R.  Hoar  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  6, 

1869. 

Amos  T.  Akerman  of  Georgia,  from  June  23,  1870. 
George  H.  Williams  of  Oregon,  from  Jan.  10,  1872. 
Edwards  Pierrepont  of  New  York,  from  May  15, 1875. 
Alphonso  Taft  of  Ohio,  from  May  22, 1876. 
Charles  Devens  of  Massachusetts,  from  March  12, 1877. 


The  attorney-general  is  the  head  of  the  Department  of  Justice,  and  the  chief  law-officer  of  the  government. 
He  represents  the  United  States  in  matters  involving  legal  questions;  he  gives  his  advice  and  opinion  on  ques 
tions  of  law  when  they  are  required  by  the  President,  or  by  the  heads  of  the  other  executive  departments  on 


238  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

questions  of  law  arising  upon  the  administration  of  their  respective  departments;  he  exercises  a  general  super 
intendence  and  direction  over  United-States  attorneys  and  marshals  in  all  judicial  districts  in  the  States  and 
Territories ;  and  he  provides  special  counsel  for  the  United  States  whenever  required  by  any  department  of  the 
government. 

He  is  assisted  by  a  chief  clerk  and  other  clerks  and  employe's  in  the  executive  management  of  the  business 
of  the  department. 

The  law  clerk,  who  is  also  an  examiner  of  titles,  assists  the  attorney-general  in  the  investigation  of  legal 
questions  and  in  the  preparation  of  opinions. 

SOLICITORS-GENERAL. 
Benjamin  H.  Bristow  of  Kentucky,  Oct.  11, 1870.  |  Samuel  F.  Phillips  of  North  Carolina,  Dec.  11, 1872. 

The  solicitor-general  assists  the  attorney-general  in  the  performance  of  his  general  duties,  and  by  special 
provision  of  law,  in  the  case  of  a  vacancy  in  the  office  of  attorney-general,  or  in  his  absence,  exercises  all  these 
duties.  Except  when  the  attorney-general  in  particular  cases  otherwise  directs,  the  attorney-general  and 
solicitor-general  conduct  and  argue  all  cases  in  the  Supreme  Court  and  in  the  Court  of  Claims  in  which  the 
United  States  are  interested;  and,  when  the  attorney-general  so  directs,  any  such  case  in  any  court  of  the. 
United  States  may  be  conducted  and  argued  by  the  solicitor-general ;  and  in  the  same  way  the  solicitor-general 
may  be  sent  by  the  attorney-general  to  attend  to  the  interests  of  the  United  States  in  any  State  court  or  else 
where. 

ASSISTANT   ATTORNEYS-GENERAL. 


Alfred  B.  McCalmont  of  Pennsylvania,  March  14, 1859. 
Titian  J.  Coffey  of  Pennsylvania,  April  20, 18(51. 
J.  Hubley  Ashton  of  Pennsylvania,  May  10, 1864. 
John  M.  Binckley  of  District  of  Columbia,  June  1, 18G7. 
J.  Hubley  Ashton  of  Pennsylvania,  July  30, 1868. 
T.  Lyle  Dickey  of  Illinois,  July  30, 1868. 
Walbridge  A.  Field  of  Massachusetts,  May  1, 1869. 
Thomas  H.  Talbot  of  Maine,  Dec.  1, 1869. 


Clement  Hugh  Hill  of  Massachusetts,  Oct.  3, 1870. 
Walter  H.  Smith  of  Ohio,  March  17, 1871. 
William  McMichael  of  Pennsylvania,  Oct.  15, 1871. 
John  Goforth  of  Pennsylvania,  March  18, 1873. 
Thomas  Simons  of  New  York,  May  28, 1875. 
Edwin  B.  Smith  of  Maine,  Aug.  28, 1875. 
Augustine  S.  Gaylord  of  Michigan,  Nov.  8, 1875. 
Edgar  M.  Marble  of  Michigan,  April  4,  1877. 


Two  assistant  attorneys-general  assist  the  attorney-general  and  the  solicitor-general  in  the  performance  of 
their  duties.  One  assists  in  the  argument  of  causes  in  the  Supreme  Court  and  in  the  preparation  of  legal 
opinions:  the  other  is  charged  with  the  conduct  of  the  defence  of  the  United  States  in  the  Court  of  Claims. 

Under  the  Act  of  1870,  the  different  law-officers  of  the  executive  departments  exercise  their  functions  under 
the  supervision  and  control  of  the  attorney-general.  They  are,  the  assistant  attorney-general  for  the  department 
of  the  interior ;  the  assistant  attorneif-general  for  the  post-office  department ;  the  solicitor  of  the  treasury,  and  the 
solicitor  of  internal  revenue,  treasury  department;  the  naval  solicitor,  navy  department;  and  the  examiner  of 
claims,  state  department. 


THE  DEPAETMENT  OF  AGEICULTUEE. 


COMMISSIONERS   OF   AGRICULTURE. 


Isaac  Newton  of  Pennsylvania,  June  30, 1867. 
Horace  Capron  of  Illinois,  Dec.  4,  1867. 


Frederick  Watts  of  Pennsylvania,  Aug.  1,  1871. 
William  G.  LeDuc  of  Minnesota,  July  1,  1877. 


The  commissioner  of  agriculture  is  required  to  collect  and  diffuse  useful  information  on  subjects  connected 
with  agri  ulture.  He  is  to  acquire  and  preserve  in  his  office  all  information  he  can  obtain  concerning  agri 
culture  by  means  of  books  and  correspondence,  and  by  practical  and  scientific  experiments,  the  collection  of 
statistics,  and  other  appropriate  means;  to  collect  new  and  valuable  seeds  and  plants;  to  learn  by  actual  culti 
vation  such  of  them  as  may  require  such  tests ;  to  propagate  such  as  may  be  worthy  of  propagation,  and  to 
distribute  them  among  agriculturists. 

The  Statistician.  —  He  collects  reliable  information  as  to  the  condition,  prospects,  and  results  of  the  cereal, 
cotton,  and  other  crops,  by  the  instrumentality  of  four  correspondents  in  each  county  of  every  State:  this  infor 
mation  is^gathered  at  stated  periods  of  each  month,  carefully  studied,  estimated,  tabulated,  and  published. 

The  Entomologist.  —  He  obtains  information  with  regard  to  insects  injurious  to  vegetation;  investigates  the 
character  of  insects  sent  him,  to  point  out  their  modes  of  infliction,  and  the  means  by  which  their  depredations 
may  be  avoided;  and  arranges  specimens  of  their  injuries  and  nest  architecture. 

The  Botanist.  — He  receives  botanical  contributions,  and,  after  making  desirable  selections  for  the  National 
Herbarium,  distributes  the  duplicate  plants  among  foreign  and  domestic  scientific  societies,  institutions  of 
learning,  and  botanists;  and  answers  inquiries  of  a  botanico-agricultural  character. 

The  Chemist.  —  He  makes  analyses  of  natural  fertilizers,  vegetable  products,  and  other  materials  which 
pertain  to  the  interests  of  agriculture.  Applications  are  constantly  made  from  all  portions  of  the  country  for 
the  analysis  of  soils,  minerals,  liquids,  and  manipulated  manures. 

The  Microteoptst.  —  He  makes  original  investigations,  mostly  relating  to  the  habits  of  parasitic  fungoid  plants, 
which  arcs  frequently  found  on  living  plants  and  animals,  producing  sickly  growth,  and,  in  many  cases,  prema 
ture  death. 

The  Propagating  Garden.  —  Large  numbers  of  exotic,  utilizable,  and  economic  plants  are  propagated  and 


THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPABTMENTS.  239 

distributed.  The  orange  family  is  particularly  valuable;  and  the  best  commercial  varieties  are  propagated 
and  distributed  to  the  greatest  practicable  extent. 

The  tieed  Division.  — Seeds  are  purchased,  in  this  and  foreign  countries,  of  reliable  firms,  whose  guaranty  of 
good  quality  and  genuineness  cannot  be  questioned:  they  are  packed  at  the  department,  and  distributed  to 
applicants  in  all  parts  of  the  country. 

The  Library.  —  Exchanges  are  made,  by  which  the  library  receives  reports  of  the  leading  agricultural,  porno- 
logical,  and  meteorological  societies  of  the  world. 


THE  PUBLIC  FEINTING, 


The  printing  and  binding  of  the  two  Houses  of  Congress  and  of  the  executive  departments  was  executed 
by  contracts,  awarded  to  the  lowest  bidders,  until  1819,  when  it  was  made  the  duty  of  the  Senate  and  House  to 
elect  printers  for  each  successive  Congress;  and,  later,  the  President  was  directed  to  have  all  the  printing  and 
binding  of  the  executive  departments  executed  by  one  of  the  congressional  printers,  designated  by  him.  It 
frequently  happened,  in  carrying  out  this  law,  that  one -firm  or  person  was  elected  by  each  House  as  its  printer 
for  that  Congress.  The  printers  thus  elected,  generally  proprietors  of  Washington  newspapers,  were:  — 

Printers  to  the  Senate.  —  Gales  and  Seaton  of  "The  National  Intelligencer,"  1820;  Duff  Green,  "Tele- 

Saph,"  1831;  Gales  and  Seaton,  1835;  Thomas  Allen,  "  Madisonian,"  1841;  Gales  and  Seaton,  1843;  Ritchie  and 
eiss,  "  Union,"  1845;  Robert  Armstrong,  "  Union,"  1852;  Beverly  Tucker,  "  Sentinel,"  1852;  A.  O.  P.  Nichol 
son,  "  Union,"  185(3;  W.  A.  Harris,  "  Union,"  1857;  George  W.  Bowman,  I860. 

Printers  to  the  House  of  Representatives.  —  Gales  and  Seaton,  1821;  Blair  and  Rives,  "  Globe,"  1835;  Thomas 
Allen,  1837;  Gales  and  Seaton,  1841;  Blair  and  Rives,  1843;  Ritchie  and  Hciss,  1845;  John  T.  Towers,  1853; 
A.  O.  P.  Nicholson,  1854;  Cornelius  Wendell,  1850;  J.  H.  Steadman,  1857;  Thomas  H.  Ford,  I860. 

The  Public  Printing-Office  was  established  in  18GO,  and  has  since  been  under  the  superintendence  of  the  fol 
lowing  gentlemen,  with  varied  official  designations:  Cornelius  Wendell  of  New  York,  from  I860;  John  D. 
Defrees  of  Indiana,  from  March  5,  1861;  Cornelius  Wendell,  from  Sept.  1,  18GG;  John  D.  Defrees,  from  Feb.  26, 
1867;  Almon  M.  Clapp  of  New  York,  from  June  4,  1868;  John  D.  Defrees,  from  April  6, 1877. 

"The  Congressional  Globe"  was  published  by  John  C.  Rives  from  December,  1833,  until  March  G,  1873, 
giving  reports  of  the  debates  and  proceedings  of  the  Twenty-third  to  the  Forty-second  Congresses  inclusive. 

"The  Congressional  Record  "  has  been  published,  by  order  of  Congress,  at  the  Public  Printing-Office  since 
the  commencement  of  the  Forty-third  Congress,  Dec.  1,  1873.  Copies  are  supplied  to  the  public  at  the  cost  of 
printing. 


THE  CONGEESSIONAL  DIKECTOEY, 


"The  Congressional  Directory"  was  published  as  a  private  enterprise  from  1820  until  1864  inclusive,  and 
copies  were  sold  to  Congress  and  to  the  Departments.  It  was  sometimes  two  months  after  the  commencement 
of  a  session  before  the  first  edition  of  the  Directory  was  ready  for  delivery;  and  the  work  did  not  contain 
much  of  the  varied  information  given  in  similar  publications  at  the  capitals  of  some  of  the  States,  and  at  the 
seats  of  government  in  Europe. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  second  session  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  a  Joint  resolution  was  passed 
unanimously,  ordering  the  compilation  and  publication  of  "  The  Congressional  Directory,"  under  the  direction 
of  the  Joint  Committee  on  Public  Printing.  The  joint  committee,  urged  by  senators  and  representatives 
to  give  additional  value  to  the  work,  examined  upward  of  twenty  publications  of  a  similar  nature,  and  adopted 
several  features,  among  them  statistical  sketches  of  members  of  Congress.  The  form  of  these  statistical 

•K.     j.     -i  -txrlii   >Ti     mo^     +Ti£i     « ""      ~  *    J*~1~  -     ---  —  •*• «~._~,i  .*.*.«  ~    , .    . .    •     t  1  , : .  <    i-«rT»i*iV»     <-l-ir*t-r  -f  ruin /I     ir»     CV  fill  nl  1/"1iYtlO'n    (MIT  IT"  I  ft  1 

the  "House  of  Commons,     

and  it  has  since  been  used  as  a  model  in  the  compilat ^ — r 

compiler  of  this  work.  The  favor  with  which  the  publication  has  been  received  prompted  the  preparation 
of  this  Congressional  Directory,  which  includes  all  of  the  executive,  legislative,  and  judicial  officers  of  the 
Federal  Government  to  the  present  time. 


THE    JUDICIARY. 


THE    JUDICIARY. 


CHIEF   JUSTICES   OF   THE   SUPREME    COURT. 


John  Jay  of  New  York,  appointed  by  Washington, 
Sept.  26, 1789;  resigned  1791. 

John  Rutledge  of  South  Carolina,  appointed  by  Wash 
ington,  July  1,  1795;  rejected  Dec.  15,  1795. 


V  Vji     JL^llO  *V  \Ji  \,ll     U±      V^Wlimjl^LJ^ULj    C*J  '  [_IV»111  LUll      U  V       TT   Cfci 

ington,  March  4,  1796;  resigned  November,  1796. 
John  Marshall  of  Virginia,  appointed  by  J.  Adams, 
Jan.  20, 1801;  died  July  6,  1835. 


Roger  Brooke  Taney  of  Maryland,  appointed  by  Jack 
son,  March  15,  1836;  died  Oct.  12,  1864. 

Salmon  Portland  Chase  of  Ohio,  appointed  by  Lincoln, 
Dec.  6,  1864;  died  May  7,  1873. 

George  H.  Williams  of  Oregon,  appointed  by  Grant 
in  1873 ;  rejected. 

Caleb  Gushing  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  by  Grant 
in  187-'!;  rejected. 

Morrison  11.  Waite  of  Ohio,  appointed  by  Grant,  Jan. 
21,  1«74. 


JUSTICES   OF   THE    SUPREME    COURT. 


John  Rutledge  of  South  Carolina,  appointed  by  Wash 
ington,  Sept.  26,  1789;  resigned  1791. 

William  Cushing  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  by  Wash 
ington,  Sept.  26,  1789;  died  1810. 

James  Wilson  of  Pennsylvania,  appointed  by  Wash 
ington,  Sept.  26, 1789;  died  1798. 

John  Blair  of  Virginia,  appointed  by  Washington,  Sept. 
26,  1789;  resigned  1796. 

Robert  H.  Harrison  of  Maryland,  appointed  by  Wash 
ington,  Sept.  26,  1789;  resigned  1790. 

James  Tredell  of  North  Carolina,  appointed  by  Wash 
ington,  Feb.  10,  1790;  died  1799. 

Thomas  Johnson  of  Maryland,  appointed  by  Washing 
ton,  Aug.  5,  1791 ;  resigned  1793. 

William  Patterson  of  New  Jersey,  appointed  by  Wash 
ington,  March  4,  1793;  died  1806. 

Samuel  Chase  of  Maryland,  appointed  by  Washington. 
Jan.  27,  1796;  died  1811. 

Bushrod  Washington  of  Virginia,  appointed  by  J. 
Adams,  Sept.  29,  1798;  died  1829. 

Alfred  Moore  of  North  Carolina,  appointed  by  J. 
Adams,  Dec.  10,  1799;  resigned  1804. 

William  Johnson  of  South  Carolina,  appointed  by  Jef 
ferson,  March  2(5,  1804;  died  1834. 

Brockholst  Livingston  of  New  York,  appointed  by  Jef 
ferson,  Nov.  10,  1806;  died  1823. 

Thomas  Todd  of  Kentucky,  appointed  by  Jefferson, 
March  2,  1807;  died  1826. 

Levi  Lincoln  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  by  Madison, 
Jan.  3,  1811;  declined. 

John  Quincy  Adams  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  by 
Madison,  Feb.  22, 1811;  declined. 

Joseph  Story  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  by  Madison, 
Nov.  18,  1811;  died  J845. 

Gabriel  Duval  of  Maryland,  appointed  by  Madison, 
Nov.  18,  1811 ;  resigned  1836. 

Smith  Thompson  of  New  York,  appointed  by  Monroe, 
Dec.  9,  1823;  died  1843. 

Robert  Trimble  of  Kentucky,  appointed  by  J.  Q. 
Adams,  May  9, 1826;  died  1828. 

John  McLean  of  Ohio,  appointed  by  Jackson,  March  7, 
1829;  died  1861. 

Henry  Baldwin  of  Pennsylvania,  appointed  by  Jack 
son,  Jan.  6, 1830;  died  184G. 


James  M.  Wayne  of  Georgia,  appointed  by  Jackson, 

Jan.  9,  1835;  died  1867. 
Philip  P.  Barbour  of  Virginia,  appointed  by  Jackson, 

March  15,  1836;  died  1841. 
John  Catron  of  Tennessee,  appointed  by  Van  Buren, 

March  8, 1837;  died  1865. 
William  Smith  of  Alabama,  appointed  by  Van  Buren, 

March  8, 1837;  declined. 
John  McKinley  of  Alabama,  appointed  by  Van  Buren, 

April  22,  1837;  died  1852. 
Peter  V.  Daniel  of  Virginia,  appointed  by  Van  Buren, 

March  3,  1841;  died  1860. 
Samuel  Nelson  of  New  York,  appointed  by  Tyler,  Feb. 

14, 1845;  resigned  1872. 
Levi  Wood  bury  of  New  Hampshire,  appointed  by  Polk, 

Sept.  20,  1845;  resigned  1872. 
Robert  C.  Grier  of  Pennsylvania,  appointed  by  Polk, 

Aug.  4, 1846;  resigned  1870. 
Benjamin  R.  Curtis  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  by 

Fillmore,  Dec.  20,  1851;  resigned  1857. 
John  A.  Campbell  of  Alabama,  appointed  by  Pierce, 

March  22,  1853;  resigned  1861. 
Nathan  Clifford  of  Maine,  appointed  by  Buchanan, 

Jan.  28,  1858. 
Noah  II.  Swayne  of  Ohio,  appointed  by  Lincoln,  Jan. 

4,  1862. 
Samuel  F.  Miller  of  Iowa,  appointed  by  Lincoln,  July 

16, 1862. 
David  Davis  of  Illinois,  appointed  by  Lincoln,  Dec.  8, 

1862;  resigned  March  4,,  1877. 
Stephen  J.  Field  of  California,  appointed  by  Lincoln, 

March  10, 1863. 
Edwin   M.  Stanton  of  Ohio,  appointed   by  Grant  in 

1869;  died  1869. 
William  Strong  of  Pennsylvania,  appointed  by  Grant, 

Feb.  18,  1870. 
Joseph  P.  Bradley  of  New  Jersey,  appointed  by  Grant, 

March  21,  1870. 
Ebenezer  R.  Hoar   of   Massachusetts,  appointed  by 

Grant;  rejected. 
Ward  Hunt  of  New  York,  appointed  by  Grant,  Dec. 

11, 1872. 
John  M.  Harlan  of  Kentucky,  appointed  by  Hayes, 

Nov.  2J,  11,77. 

243 


244 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


CLERKS   OF   THE    SUPREME   COURT. 


John  Tucker  of 'Massachusetts,  appointed  Feb.  3, 1790; 

resigned. 
Samuel  Bayard  of  Delaware,  appointed  Aug.  1, 1791; 

resigned. 
Elias  B.  Caldwell  of  New  Jersey,  appointed  Aug.  15, 

1800;  died. 


William  Griffith  of  New  Jersey,  appointed  Feb.  9, 1826; 
died. 

"William  T.  Carroll  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  ap 
pointed  Jan.  20, 1827;  died. 

Daniel  W.  Middleton  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  ap 
pointed  Dec.  7, 18G3. 


REPORTERS   OF   THE   SUPREME    COURT. 


Alexander  J.  Dallas  of  Pennsylvania  reported  from 

1789  to  1800  inclusive ;  4  volumes. 
"William  Cranch  of  Massachusetts  reported  from  1801 

to  1815  inclusive;  9  volumes. 
Henry  Wheaton  of  New  York  reported  from  1816  to 

1827  inclusive;  12  volumes. 
Richard  Peters  of  Pennsylvania  reported  from  1828  to 

1842  inclusive;  16  volumes. 


Benjamin  C.  Howard  of  Maryland  reported  from  1843 

to  1861  inclusive;  24  volumes. 
Jeremiah  S.  Black  of  Pennsylvania  reported  from  1862 

to  1864  inclusive ;  2  volumes. 
John  "W.  Wallace  of  Pennsylvania  reported  from  1864 

to  1875;  23  volumes. 
William  J.  Otto  of  Indiana  reported  from  the  1875 

term. 


MARSHALS   ATTENDANT   ON   THE   SUPREME    COURT. 


David  Lenox,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  attended  from  Jan.  28, 1790,  to  Feb.  4,  1801. 

David  Carroll  Brent,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  attended  from  Aug.  3,  1801,  to  Aug.  6, 
1808. 

Washington  Boyd,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  attended  from  Feb.  1,  1808,  to  Aug.  1, 
1818. 

Tench  Ringold,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Colum 
bia,  attended  from  Nov.  30,  1818,  to  Aug.  3, 1831. 

Henry  Ashton,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Colum 
bia,  attended  from  Feb.  4,  1831,  to  Feb.  2,  1834. 

Alexander  Hunter,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  attended  from  March  6,  1834,  to  Dec.  4, 
1848. 

Robert  Wallace,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  attended  from  Dec.  5,  1848,  to  Dec.  3, 
1849. 


Richard  Wallach,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of' 
Columbia,  attended  from  Dec.  4,  1849,  to  May  6, 
1853. 

Jonah  D.  Hoover,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  attended  from  May  31,  1853,  to  April  1, 
1858. 

William  Selden,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  attended  from  April  1,  1858,  to  March  8, 
1861. 

Ward  H.  Lamon,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  attended  from  March  8,  1861,  to  June  6, 
1865. 

D.  C.  Gooding,  U.  S.  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Colum 
bia,  attended  from  June  6, 1865,  to  April  3, 1867. 

Richard  C.  Parsons,  Marshal  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
attended  from  April  3, 1867,  to  Dec.  16,  1872. 

John  G.  Nicolay,  Marshal  of  the  Supreme  Court,  at 
tended  from  Dec.  16, 1872. 


UNITED-STATES   CIRCUIT   JUDGES. 


Benjamin  Bourne  of  Rhode  Island First. 

John  Lowell  of  Massachusetts , 

George  F.  Shepley  of  Maine 

Jeremiah  Smith  of  New  Hampshire 

Egbert  Benson  of  New  York Second. 

Samuel^Hitchcock  of  Vermont , 

Alexander  S.  Johnson  of  New  York 

Oliver  Wolcott  of  Connecticut 

Lewis  B.  Woodruff  of  Connecticut 

Richard  Bassett  of  Delaware Third. 

William  Griffith  

Jared  Ingersoll  of  Pennsylvania 

William  Tighlman  of  Maryland 

Philip  Barton  Key  of  Maryland Fourth. 

Charlea  Lee  of  Virginia . .     " 


George  K.  Taylor Fourth. 

Hugh  L.  Bond  of  Maryland " 

Thomas  Bee  of  South  Carolina Fifth. 

Joseph  Clay,  jiin 

Theodore  Gaillard  of  Louisiana 

Dominick  A.  Hall  of  North  Carolina 

Edward  Harris 

Henry  Potter  of  Virginia 

John  Sitgreaves  of  North  Carolina 

William  B.  Woods  of  Alabama 

William  McClurg Sixth. 

Halmer  H.  Emmons  of  Michigan " 

Thomas  Drummond  of  Illinois Seventh. 

John  F.  Dillon  of  Iowa Eighth. 

Lorenzo  Sawyer  of  California Ninth. 


UNITED-STATES   DISTRICT  JUDGES. 


Richard  Busteed Alabama. 

John  Gayle 

William  G.  Jones 

George  W.  Lane 

Charles  Tait 

Henry  C.  Caldwell Arkansas. 

Benjamin  Johnson 

Thomas  J.  Lacey 

Daniel  Ringo 

William  Story 

John  Thompson 

Archibald  Yell 

Fletcher  M.  Haight California. 

Ogden  Hoffman 

J.  M.  Jones 

Matt.  H.  McAllister 

Isaac  S.  K.  Ogler 

William  Bristol Connecticut. 

Pierrepont  Edwards 

Andrew  T.  Judson 

Richard  Law 

Nathaniel  Shipman 


Gunning  Bedford Delaware. 

Edward  G.  Bradford 

John  Fisher 

Willard  Hall 

Richard  C.  Allen Florida 

Thomas  J.  Boynton 

H.  M.  Breckinridge 

H.  M.  Brockenbrough 

Isaac  H.  Bronson 

John  A.  Cameron 

Samuel  W.  Cormack 

Samuel  J.  Douglass 

Philip  Frazer 

Dillen  Jordon,  jun 

William  W.  Lawrence 

James  W.  Locke 

McQueen  Mclntosh 

William  Marvin 

T.  Randall 

Joseph  L.  Smith 

Joseph  Clay,  jun Georgia. 

Jeremiah  Cayles " 


THE  JUDICIARY. 


245 


UNITED-STATES  DISTRICT  JUDGES.  —  Continued. 


William  Davies Georgia. 

John  Erskine " 

Thomas  Gibbons " 

Robert  B.  Gilchrist " 

JohnC.  Nicoll " 

"William  Stephens " 

Henry  W.  Blodgett Illinois. 

Nathaniel  Pope " 

Alexander  Stewart " 

Jesse  B.  Thomas " 

Thomas  Towles " 

Samuel  H.  Treat " 

Elisha  M.  Huntington Indiana. 

David  McDonald " 

Caleb  B.  Smith " 

Walter  Q.  Gresham " 

Jesse  L.  Holman " 

John  J.  Dyer Iowa. 

James  M.  Love " 

Mark  W.  Delahay Kansas. 

Archibald  Williams " 

Bland  Ballard Kentucky. 

John  Boyle " 

Harry  Innes " 

Thomas  B.  Munroe " 

Robert  Trimble " 

Henry  Boyce Louisiana. 

John  Dick " 

Edward  H.  Durell " 

Rufus  Easton " 

Theodore  Gaillard " 

Dominic  A.  Hall " 

Samuel  H.  Harper " 

Philip  K.  Lawrence " 

Edward  Fox Maine. 

John  Holmes " 

Albion  K.  Paris " 

David  Serrell " 

Ashur  Ware " 

Theodorick  Bland Maryland. 

Hugh  L.  Bond " 

William  E.  Giles 

Elias  Glenn " 

Upton  S.  Heath " 

James  Houston " 

Thomas  Johnson " 

William  Paca " 

James  Winchester " 

John  Davis Massachusetts. 

John  Lowell " 

Peleg  Sprague " 

John  W.  Longyear Michigan. 

Ross  Wilkins " 

Solomon  L.  Withey " 

Rensselaer  Nelson Minnesota. 

George  Adams Mississippi. 

Samuel  J.  Gholson " 

Robert  Andrews  Hill " 

Obadiah  Jones " 

Walter  Leake " 

George  Poindexter " 

Peter  Randolph 

William  Bayard  Shields " 

Josiah  Simpson " 

Harry  Toulman " 

Arnold  Krekel Missouri. 

John  B.  C.  Lucas " 

J.  H.  Peck " 

William  Sprigg " 

Robert  W.  Wells " 

Daniel  Clark New  Hampshire. 

Matthew  Harvey " 

John  Pickering " 

John  S.  Sherburne 

John  Sullivan " 

David  Brearly New  Jersey. 

Philemon  Dickerson " 

Richard  S.  Field " 

Robert  Morris " 

John  T.  Nixon " 

W.  S.  Pennington " 

William  Rosscll " 

Charles  L.  Benedict New  York. 

Samuel  R.  Betts 

Samuel  Blatchford " 

Alfred  Conkling " 


James  Duane New  York. 

Nathan  K.  Hall 

John  S.  Hobart 

John  Lawrance 

Brockholdst  Livingston 

Roger  Skinner 

Mathias  B.  Tallmadge 

Daniel  D.  Tompkins 

Robert  Troup 

William  P.  Van  Ness 

Asa  Biggs North  Carolina. 

George  W.  Brooks " 

William  R.  Davis " 

Robert  P.  Dick " 

William  H.  Hill " 

Henry  Potter " 

John  Sitgreaves " 

John  Stokes " 

Charles  Whiting  Byrd . .  .Ohio. 

J.  W.  Campbell 

William  Creighton,  jun " 

Humphrey  H.  Leavitt " 

Charles  T.  Sherman " 

Philip  B.  Swing " 

Hiram  V.  Wilson " 

M.  P.  Deady Oregon. 

John  Cadwalader Pennsylvania. 

Francis  Hopkinson " 

Joseph  Hopkinson " 

Thomas  Irwin " 

John  K.  Kane " 

William  Lewis " 

Wilson  McCandless " 

William  McKennan " 

Richard  Peters " 

Archibald  Randall " 

John  H.  Walker " 

William  Wilkins " 

David  L.  Barnes Rhode  Island. 

Benjamin  Bourne " 

James  R.  Bullock " 

David  Howell " 

John  P.  Knowles 

Henry  Marchant " 

John  Pitman " 

Thomas  Bee South  Carolina. 

George  S.  Bryan " 

John  Drayton " 

William  Drayton. " 

Robert  B.  Gilchrist 

Thomas  Lee " 

A.  G.  McGrath 

Thomas  Parker 

Thomas  Pinckney " 

Jacob  Read " 

Morgan  W.  Brown Tennessee. 

John  M.  Lea 

John  McNairy " 

Connolly  F.  Trigg " 

Thomas  H.  Duval Texas. 

Amos  Morrill 

John  C.  Watrous 

Nathaniel  Chipman Vermont. 

Samuel  Hitchcock 

Elijah  Paine 

Samuel  Prentiss 

David  A.  Smalley 

Philip  Barbour Virginia. 

J.  W.  Brockenbrough 

Alexander  Caldwell 

Peter  V.  Daniel 

Cyrus  Griffin 

James  D.  Hallyburton 

George  Hay 

John  J.  Jackson,  jun 

John  Y.  Mason 

Edmund  Pendleton 

Isaac  S.  Pennybacker 

Alexander  Rives 

St.  George  Tucker 

John  Tyler 

John  C.  Underwood 

John  J.  Jackson,  jun West  Virginia. 

Andrew  J.  Miller Wisconsin. 

A.  J.Miller 


246 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


UNITED-STATES   TERRITORIAL   JUDGES. 


William  Crawford Alabama. 

Joseph  P.  Allyn Arizona. 

Henry  T.  Backus 

Harley  H.  Carter " 

Edmund  Francis  Duane " 

Porter  D.  Forest " 

John  N.  Goodwin " 

William  F.  Howell " 

Isham  Reavis " 

Jolm  Titus " 

William  T.  Turner " 

Charles  A.  Tweed " 

J.  Woodson  Bates Arkansas. 

Alexander  M.  Clayton " 

Edward  Cross " 

Thomas  P.  Eskeridge " 

C.  C.  Jewett " 

Andrew  Scott " 

Joseph  Seldon " 

William  Trimble " 

S.  Heydenfelt California. 

H.  A.  Lyons " 

H.  C.  Murray " 

Charles  Lee  Armor Colorado. 

Allen  A.  Bradford " 

C.  S.  Eyster " 

William  H.  Gale 

William  R.  Gorshire " 

Benjamin  F.  Hall " 

Moses  Hallet " 

Stephen  S.  Harding " 

Charles  F.  Holly " 

S.  Newton  Pettis " 

Ebenezer  T.  Wells " 

Alonson  H.  Barnes Dakota. 

Asa  Bartlett " 

G.  G.  Bennett " 

Philemon  Bliss 

John  W.  Boyle 

W.  W.  Brookings 

William  E.  Gleason 

J.  P.  Kidder 

Peter  C.  Shannon 

Joseph  L.  Williams 

Lorenzo  P.  Williston 

Alfred  Balch Florida. 

Robert  R.  Reid " 

James  Webb " 

John  Cummins Idaho. 

Sidney  Edgerton " 

M.  E.  Hollister 

Milton  Kilby " 

John  R.  McBride " 

David  Noggle " 

Samuel  C.  Parks " 

Allcock  C.  Smith " 

William  C.  Winston " 

Stanley  Griswold Illinois. 

Obadiah  Jones " 

William  Sprigg " 

Alexander  Stuart " 

Thomas  Towles " 

William  Clark Indiana. 

Thomas  T.  Davis " 

James  Fisk " 

John  Griffin " 

Benjamin  Parke " 

James  Scott " 

Walter  Taylor " 

Henry  Vanderburg " 

Charles  Mason Iowa. 

Joseph  Williams " 

T.  S.  Wilson " 

J.  M.  Burrell Kansas. 

Sterling  G.  Cato " 

R.  Elmore., " 

Samuel  D.  Lecompte " 

John  Petit , " 

John  Coburn , , , Louisiana. 

John  B.  C.  Lucas " 

Theodore  H,  McCaleb " 

Return  J.  Meigs, " 

T.  B.  Robertson , . , .  " 

Otto  Shrader " 

William  Sprigg • " 

Frederick  Bates .,..,,,.  .Michigan. 


Henry  Chipman Michigan. 

John  Coburu " 

James  D.  Doty " 

David  Erwin " 

John  Griffin " 

Samuel  Huntington " 

Return  J.  Meigs,  jun " 

George  Morell " 

Solomon  Sibley " 

William  Sprigg " 

James  Withefall " 

William  Woodbridge " 

Aug.  B.  Woodward " 

A.  G.  Chatfield Minnesota. 

David  Cooper " 

Charles  E.  Flandraw " 

Jerome  Fuller " 

A.  Goodrich " 

B.  B.  Meeker " 

R.  R.  Nelson " 

Moses  Sherburne " 

William  H.  Welch " 

Peter  Bryan  Bruin Mississippi. 

Powhattan  Ellis " 

Oliver  Fitts " 

Obadiah  Jones " 

David  Ker " 

Ephraim  Kirby " 

Walter  Leake " 

Seth  Lewis " 

William  McGuire " 

Francis  X.  Martin " 

George  Matthews,  jun " 

George  Poindexter " 

Thomas  Rodney " 

Daniel  Tilton " 

Harry  Toulman " 

Silas  Bent Missouri. 

George  Bullet " 

John  B.  C.  Lucas " 

Alexander  Stuart " 

Henry  N.  Blake Montana. 

H.  L.  Hosmer " 

Hiram  Knowles " 

Lyman  E.  Munson " 

John  L.  Murphy " 

Francis  G.  Service " 

D.  L.  Wade 

Samuel  W.  Black Nebraska. 

James  Bradley " 

Elmer  S.  Dundy " 

Ferguson  Fenner " 

Augustus  Hall " 

E.  R.  Hardin " 

William  P.  Kellogg " 

William  F.  Loekwood " 

Joseph  Miller " 

Samuel  Milligin " 

Elcazer  Wakely " 

Powhattan  B.  Locke Nevada. 

Gordon  N.  Mott " 

John  W.  North " 

George  Turner " 

Grafton  Baker New  Mexico. 

K.  Benedict " 

William  G.  Blackwood " 

William  F.  Boone " 

AVaren  Bristol " 

J.  J.  Davenport " 

Sidney  A.  Hubbell 

D.  B.  Johnson 

Hezekiah  S.  Johnson 

Joseph  G.  Knapp 

Horace  Moner 

Joseph  G.  Palin 

Henry  Sherman 

H.  L.Waldo 

John  S.  Watts 

Joseph  Gilman North- West  of  Ohio  River. 

Return  J.  Meigs 

Samuel  H.  Parsons 

Rufus  Putnam 

John  C.  Symmes 

George  Turner 

William  P.  Bryant Orego 

O.  B.  McFadden 


THE  JUDICIARY. 


247 


UNITED-STATES  TERRITORIAL  JUDGES.  —  Continued. 


Thomas  Nelson Oregon. 

Cyrus  Olney 

George  H.  Williams 

James  Brown Orleans. 

John  Coburn 

Moreau  De  Lisle 

George  Duffield 

Dominick  A.  Hall 

Joshua  Lewis 

Francis  X.  Martin 

George  Matthews,  jun.  

John  B.  Prevost  

William  Sprigg 

John  Thompson 

Buckner  Thurston. . . . 

Joseph  Anderson South  of  Ohio  River. 

William  Peery " 

Jacob  S.  Boreman Utah. 

L.  G.  Brandeburg 

P.  E.  Brochus 

Joseph  Bufflngton 

F.  A.  Chenowith 

John  Cradlebaugh 

Henry  R.  Crosbie 

Thomas  J.  Drake 

William  W.  Drummond 

Delano  R.  Eckles 

G.  Edmunds 

Philip  H.  Emerson 

Robert  P.  Henniker 

Cyrus  M.  Hawley 

J.  F.  Kinney 

S.  P.  McCurdy 

James  B.  McKean 

E.  D.  Potter 


Lazarus  H.  Read Utah. 

Leonidas  Shaver 

Charles  E.  Sinclair 

Zerubbabel  Snow 

George  P.  Stiles 

O.  F.  Strickland 

John  Titus 

Charles  B.  Waite 

C.  B.  Darwin Washington. 

Edward  C.  Fitzhugh 

Roger  S.  Greene 

M.  Hoogland 

Orange  Jacobs 

James  K.  Kennedy 

Edward  Lander 

Joseph  R.  Lewis 

V.  Monroe 

E.  P.  Oliphant 

William  Strong 

James  E.  Wyche 

Orasmus  Cole Wisconsin. 

Luther  C.  Dixon 

Charles  Duncan 

Charles  Dunn 

William  C.  Frazier 

James  C.  Hopkins 

David  Irwin 

Bryan  Paine 

Joseph  M.  Carey Wy  ming. 

Joseph  W.  Fisher 

John  H.  Howe 

William  T.  Jones 

John  W.  Kingman 

E.  A.  Thomas 


JUDGES   IN  THE   DISTRICT   OF   COLUMBIA. 


David  K.  Cartter,  Chief  Justice  from  Ohio. 


William  Cranch,  Chief  Justice. . 
Thomas  H.  Crawford. 

Allen  B.  Duckett 

James  Dunlop 

George  P.  Fisher 

Nicholas  Fitzhugh. . . . 
David  C.  Humphreys. 


Massachusetts. 

Pennsylvania. 

Maryland. 

Dist.  of  Col. 

Delaware. 

Virginia. 

Alabama. 


Thomas  Johnson from  Maryland. 


William  Kilty,  Chief  Justice. . . . 

James  Marshall... 

Arthur  McArthur. 

James  S.  Morsell. . 

Abraham  B.  Olin. . 

Buckner  Thurston. 

Andrew  Wylie 


Dist.  of  Col. 

Virginia. 

Wisconsin. 

Maryland. 

New  York. 

Kentucky. 

Pennsylvania. 


UNITED-STATES   COURT   OF   CLAIMS. 


Isaac  Blackford  of  Indiana,  1855;  died. 

Joseph  Casey  of  Pennsylvania,  1801,  C.  J.,  1863;  resigned. 

J.  C.  Bancroft  Davis  of  New  York,  1877. 

Charles  D.  Drake  of  Missouri,  C.J.,  1870. 

John  J.  Gilchrist  of  New  Hampshire,  1855;  died. 

William  H.  Hunt,  1878. 

James  Hughes  of  Indiana,  I860;  resigned. 


Edward  G.  Loring  of  Massachusetts,  1858;  retired. 
Samuel  Milligan  of  Tennessee,  18G8;  died. 
Charles  C.  Nott  of  New  York,  1865. 
Ebenezer  Peck  of  Illinois,  1803;  retired. 
William  A.  Richardson  of  Massachusetts,  1874. 
G.  P.  Scarborough  of  Virginia,  1855;  died. 
David  Wilmot  of  Pennsylvania,  1803;  died. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES 


OF 


MEMBERS  OF  CONGRESS. 


STATISTICAL    SKETCHES. 


Abbott,  Amos,  was  born  at  Andover,  Massa 
chusetts,  September  10,  1786;  reared  on  his  father's 
farm ;  educated  at  the  district  school  and  at  Bradford 
Academy;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  filled  a 
number  of  town-offices ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1835,  1S3G,  and  1842,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1840  and  1843;  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Boston  and  Maine  Railroad,  and  for 
several  years  one  of  its  directors ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
on  the  second  trial;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  serving  from  February  15, 1844,  until  March 
3,  1849;  died  at  Andover,  Massachusetts,  November 
2,  1808. 

Abbot,  Joel,  was  born  at  Fairfield,  Connecticut, 
in  1790 ;  received  an  academic  education ;  removed  to 
Washington,  Georgia;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  on  a  general  ticket, 
and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses,  receiving 
on  his  last  election  11,231  votes  as  a  supporter  of 
Mr.  Crawford  for  the  presidency,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  at  Wash 
ington,  Georgia,  November  19,  1826. 

Abbott,  Joseph.  C.,  was  born  at  Concord,  New 
Hampshire,  July  15, 1825 ;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
March,  1852 ;  was  editor  and  proprietor  of  "  The  Man 
chester  American"  for  five  years,  and  subsequently 
editor  of  "  The  Boston  Atlas ; "  was  appointed  adju 
tant-general  of  the  State  of  New  Hampshire  in  July, 
1855,  and  held  the  office  until  July,  1861,  when  he  re 
signed;  received  orders  from  the  War  Department 
in  September,  1861,  to  raise  a  regiment  of  infantry, 
which  regiment  having  been  raised,  he  entered  the 
service  as  lieutenant-colonel,  and  in  November,  1863, 
was  promoted  colonel ;  in  January,  1865,  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  for  "gallant  services  in  the  capture 
of  Fort  Fisher; "  after  leaving  the  service,  removed  to 
North  Carolina,  and  entered  into  business;  in  Sep 
tember,  1867,  was  elected  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention ;  in  April,  1868,  was  elected  to  the  State 
legislature ;  in  July,  1868,  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  North  Carolina,  as  a  Republican,  serving 
from  July  17,  1868,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  resumed  busi 
ness  at  Wilmington. 

Abbott,  Josiah  G.,  was  born  at  Chelmsford, 
Massachusetts,  November  1, 1815;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  from  Harvard  University  in 
1832;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Boston ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1836,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1841  and  1842;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  Massachusetts  in  1855 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,429  votes 


against  5,717  votes  for  Rufus  S.  Frost,  Republican 
(owing  to  informalities  in  the  returns,  Mr.  Frost 
obtained  the  certificate  of  election ;  but  the  House 
decided  that  Mr.  Abbott  was  entitled  to  the  seat,  and 
he  was  sworn  in  July  28,  1876,  serving  to  March  3, 
1877) ;  declined  a  re-nomination  to  Congress ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
St.  Louis  in  1S76,  which  nominated  Tilden  and  Hen- 
dricks ;  was  a  member  of  the  Electoral  Commission. 

Abbott,  Nehemiah,  was  born  at  Sidney,  Maine, 
March  29,  1806;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Belfast,  Maine ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1842,  1843;  edited  "The 
Belfast  People's  Advocate"  in  1844, 1845;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,562  votes  against 
8,252  votes  for  Ingalls,  Coalition ;  resumed  practice  at 
Belfast,  and  died  there  July  26,  1877. 

Abercrombie,  James,  was  born  in  Hancock 
County,  Georgia;  received  an  academic  education; 
removed  to  Montgomery  County,  Alabama,  in  1819; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1820  and  1822,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1825,  1826, 
1827,  1828,  1829,  1830,  1831,  1832,  and  1833;  removed 
to  Russell  County,  and  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1838  and  1839,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1847,  1848, 1849,  and  1850 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Alabama  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  as  a  Union  Whig,  receiving  7,598  votes 
against  6,211  votes  for  John  Cochran,  Southern 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  as  a  Union  Whig,  receiving  7,474  votes 
against  5,838  votes  for  Daniel  Clopton,  Southern 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1855 ;  was  engaged  in  supplying  brick  for  the  Pen- 
sacola  Navy  Yard ;  and  died  in  1860. 

Acker,  Ephraim  L.,  was  born  in  Marlborough 
Township,  Pennsylvania,  January,  11,  1827;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Marshall  College 
September  8, 1847 ;  taught  school  two  years,  and  grad 
uated  in  medicine  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  March,  1852;  was  editor  and  publisher  of  "The 
Norristown  Register;"  was  superintendent  of  com 
mon  schools  for  Montgomery  County  from  June,  1854, 
to  June,  1860 ;  was  appointed  postmaster  under  Presi 
dent  Buchanan  at  Norristown  in  March,  I860,  and 
removed  by  President  Lincoln,  after  serving  about 
eleven  months;  was  inspector  of  Montgomery-county 
prison  three  years ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-second  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,049  votes  against  11,072  votes 
for  J.  H.  Oliver,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  until  March  3,  1873. 

Acklen,  J.  Hayes,  was  born  at  Nashville,  Ten 
nessee,  May  20,  1850;  was  educated  partly  by  private 
tutor  at  Belle  Monte,  the  country-seat  of  his  parents, 
near  Nashville,  then  at  Burlington  College,  and  finally 

251 


252 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


graduated  successively  at  two  foreign  universities; 
returning  to  the  United  States,  graduated  in  the  Law 
Department  of  Cumberland  University  at  Lebanon, 
Tennessee ;  practised  law  for  two  years  at  Nashville, 
and  then  for  two  years  at  Memphis,  Tennessee ;  relin 
quished  practice  to  superintend  his  sugar-plantations 
on  the  Bayou  Teche  in  Louisiana;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  conservative  Democrat,  receiving  15,204 
votes  against  14,879  votes  for  Chester  B.  Darrall,  who 
contested  the  seat. 

Adair,  John,  was  born  in  Chester  County,  South 
Carolina,  August  16,  1759;  received  a  public-school 
education;  served  in  the  army  of  the  Revolution; 
removed  to  Kentucky  in  1787 ;  was  major  of  volun 
teers  in  the  expeditions  against  the  Indians  under 
General  Wilkinson  in  1791, 1792,  and  lieutenant-colo 
nel  under  General  Charles  Scott  in  1793;  was  a 
member  of  the  Kentucky  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1799 ;  was  elected  several  years  a  member  of  the 
Kentucky  legislature,  serving  one  year  as  speaker  of 
the  House;  was  register  of  the  United-States  land- 
office  in  Kentucky ;  was  elected  a  senator  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat  (in  the 
place  of  John  Breckinridge,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  9,  1805,  until  April  21,  1806,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  a  volunteer  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Shelby  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames  in  1813;  was  com 
mander  of  the  Kentucky  Rifle  Brigade,  which  served 
under  General  Jackson  in  1814,  1815,  and  distin 
guished  himself  at  the  battle  of  New  Orleans;  was 
governor  of  Kentucky  1820-1824 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1831,  to  March  3,  1833;  and  died  at  Harrodsburg, 
Kentucky,  May  19,  1840. 

Adams,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Stratford,  Con 
necticut,  January,  1736;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1760;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Stamford,  but  removed  in  1764  to  Litchfield ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1776-1781 ; 
was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1777-1780,  and  in  1781, 1782 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  executive  council  of  Connecticut  in  1781 ; 
was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Connecticut  in  1789,  and  chief  justice  in  1793 ;  died 
at  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  November  26,  1797. 

Adams,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Worcester, 
Massachusetts,  in  1765;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1788 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Uxbridge ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1809-1814,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1814,  1815,  and  in  1822-1825;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Federalist  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  Elijah  Brigham) ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 1816,  until  March 
3,  1821;  was  defeated  as  the  Federal  candidate  for 
the  Seventeenth  Congress  by  Jonathan  Russell ;  was 
defeated  as  the  Federal  candidate  for  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  by  James  Sibley,  Democrat;  died  at  Ux 
bridge,  Massachusetts,  March  28,  1837. 

Adams,  Charles  Francis  (grandson  of  John 
Adams,  and  son  of  John  Quincy  Adams),  was  born 
at  Boston,  August  18, 1807 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  in  Europe ;  studied  law  under  Daniel  Webster, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  but  never  prac 
tised  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1831-1834,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1835-1837;  edited  "The  Boston  Whig"  in  1845-1848; 
was  nominated  by  the  Free-soil  party  in  1848  for 
Vice-President ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Re 
publican  (from  the  district  formerly  represented  by 
his  father),  receiving  6,524  votes  against  3,880  votes 
for  Austin,  Democrat,  and  1,462  votes  for  Cobb, 
American;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 


Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,530  votes 
against  7,449  votes  for  L.  Saltonstall,  Democrat,  but 
only  served  from  December  5,  1859,  until  March  3, 
1861 ;  was  appointed  minister  to  Great  Britain  March 
20,  1861,  and  served  until  May  13,  1868;  was  chosen 
an  overseer  of  Harvard  College  in  1869;  was  defeated 
in  1876  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of 
Massachusetts.  He  contributed  numerous  articles  to 
"The  North- American  Review"  and  other  periodi 
cals,  and  edited  the  published  works  of  John  Adams, 
Mrs.  John  Adams,  and  John  Quincy  Adams. 

Adams,  Charles  H.,  was  born  in  Coxsackie, 
New  York,  in  1824 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  and  practised  law;  removed  to  Cohoes  in 
1850,  and  engaged  in  manufacturing  pursuits;  retired 
from  active  business  in  1870;  was  chosen  in  1859 
president  of  the  Board  of  Water  Commissioners  of 
Cohoes,  having  previously  served  as  a  trustee  of  the 
village ;  arid  was  elected  in  1870  the  first  mayor  of 
the  then  city  of  Cohoes,  serving  two  years;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Assembly  in  1858,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1872-1873;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Republican  Convention  in  1872;  was  ap 
pointed  United-States  commissioner  from  New  York 
to  the  Vienna  Exposition  in  1873;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,626  votes  against 
9,903  votes  for  T.  J.  Quinn,  Democrat,  and  6,108 
votes  for  Eli  Perry,  Independent  Democrat. 

Adams,  George  ]YL,  was  born  in  Knox  County, 
Kentucky,  December  20, 1837 ;  was  educated  at  Centre 
College,  Danville,  Kentucky;  studied  law;  was  clerk 
of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Knox  County  from  1859  to 
1861;  he  raised  .a  company  in  August,  1861,  and  en 
tered  the  Union  army  as  captain  in  the  Seventh  Ken 
tucky  Volunteers;  in  August,  1861,  he  was  appointed 
paymaster  of  volunteers,  and  served  in  that  capacity 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,690  votes  against  7,175  votes 
for  M.  D.  Rice,  Radical ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  10,323  votes  against  9,861 
votes  for  Barnes,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  12,226  votes  against 
12,208  votes  for  J.  H.  Finley,  Republican,  serving 
from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,684  votes  against  8,199  votes  for  Wood,  Republi 
can;  was  elected  clerk  of  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
defeating  Edward  McPherson,  Republican;  and  or 
ganized  the  House  as  clerk  at  the  commencement 
of  the  first  session  of  the  Forty-fifth  Congress. 

Adams,  Green,  was  born  at  Barboursville,  Ken 
tucky,  August  20,  1812 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised;  was  deputy-sheriff  of  Knox  County  in 
1832,  1833;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
of  Kentucky  in  1839;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 1849 ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  in  1844  and  1856;  was  judge 
of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Kentucky  1851-1856;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Na 
tional  American,  receiving  8,164  votes  against  7,241 
votes  for  Garrard,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  sixth  auditor  of  the 
treasury  from  April  17,  1861,  to  October  26,  1864; 
was  appointed  chief  clerk  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress. 

Adams,  John  (father  of  John  Quincy  Adams, 
and  grandfather  of  Charles  Francis  Adams),  was 
born  at  Braintree,  now  Quincy,  Massachusetts,  Octo 
ber  30,  1735 ;  received  a  classical  education,  and  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  College  in  1755;  gave  lessons  in 
Latin  and  Greek  at  Worcester;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Quincy; 
removed  to  Boston  in  1768;  was  a  member  of  the 
General  Court  in  1770,  and  of  the  Provincial  Council 
in  1773,  1774;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


253 


gress  from  Massachusetts  1774-1777;  was  appointed 
commissioner  to  France,  November  28,  1777,  but 
deemed  it  best,  after  his  arrival  at  Paris,  to  resign 
and  return;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1779;  was  appointed, 
in  September,  1779,  minister  plenipotentiary  to  ne 
gotiate  a  treaty  of  peace  with  Great  Britain;  nego 
tiated  a  treaty  of  commerce  with  the  Netherlands  in 
1782,  accompanied  by  a  loan,  and  performed  other 
diplomatic  services;  recalled  in  1788,  he  was  again 
appointed  a  delegate  to  Congress,  but  did  not  serve, 
as  he  was  elected  Vice-President  of  the  United  States, 
as  a  Federalist,  defeating  John  Jay  and  others;  and 
was  re-elected  in  1793,  defeating  George  Clinton; 
in  1797  he  was  elected  the  second  President  of  the 
United  States,  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  71  electoral 
votes  against  08  votes  for  Thomas  Jefferson,  Demo 
crat;  was  a  candidate  for  re-election,  but  only  re 
ceived  65  of  the  128  electoral  votes  cast,  and  Thomas 
Jefferson,  who  received  73,  was  subsequently  elected 
by  the  House  of  Representatives;  he  retired  to 
Quincy,  where  he  died  July  4,  1826.  His  autobiog 
raphy  and  other  works  have  been  edited  and  pub 
lished  by  his  grandson,  Charles  Francis  Adams. 

Adams,  John,  was  born  at  Durham,  Greene 
County,  New  York,  August  26,  1808;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law,  and  practised  at 
Catskill,  New  York ;  was  surrogate  of  Greene  County 
1810-1811;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Eepresentatives  1812-1813 ;  was  a  Democratic  candi 
date  from  the  State  of  New  York  for  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  and  was  returned  as  elected,  but  did  not 
take  his  seat,  and  a  committee  of  the  House  decided 
that  his  competitor,  Erastus  Root,  had  been  legally 
elected,  576  of  his  votes  having  been  thrown  out  by 
the  erroneous  copying  of  a  deputy  county  clerk ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  and 
died  at  Catskill,  New  York,  September  28,  1854. 

Adams,  John  Quincy  (son  of  John  Adams, 
and  father  of  Charles  Francis  Adams),  was  born  at 
Braintree,  Massachusetts,  July  11,  1767;  received  a 
classical  education  abroad  and  at  home,  graduating 
at  Harvard  College  in  1787 ;  studied  law  at  Newbury- 
port  with  Theopiiilus  Parsons ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Boston;  was  minis 
ter  to  the  Netherlands  from  May  30,  1794,  until  June 
20,  1797,  and  to  Prussia  from  July,  1797,  until  April 
28,  1801 ;  resumed  practice  at  Boston ;  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate  of  Massachusetts  in  1802  on  the 
Federal  ticket;  was  the  Federal  candidate  for  repre 
sentative  in  Congress  in  1802,  and  was  defeated  by 
William  Eustis,  Democrat;  was  elected  to  the  United- 
States  Senate,  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  Thomas  J. 
Skinner,  the  Democratic  candidate,  serving  from  Oc 
tober  17,  1803,  until  he  was  defeated  for  re-election, 
and  resigned  June  8,  1808;  was  professor  of  rheto 
ric  at  Harvard  College  1806-1809;  was  minister  to 
Russia  1809-1814;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  in  1811,  but  declined;  was  on  the  com 
mission  which  negotiated  the  Treaty  of  Ghent  in 
1815;  was  minister  to  Russia  1815-1817;  was  secre 
tary  of  state  under  President  Monroe  1817-1825; 
was  inaugurated  sixth  President  of  the  United 
States,  March  4,  1825;  was  an  unsuccessful  candi 
date  for  governor  in  1834;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  by  the  House  in  1835,  but  the  Senate  refused 
to  concur ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
and  was  successively  re-elected  eight  times,  receiving 
at  his  last  election  5,765  votes  against  2,617  for 
Wright,  Democrat,  and  980  scattering,  and  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  until  he  was  stricken  by 
death  in  the  Capitol,  February  23,  1848. 

Adams,  Parmenio,  was  born  at  Hartford,  Con 
necticut;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  Genesee  County,  New  York;  served  in  the  war 
against  Great  Britain  as  paymaster  of  Dobbins's  New- 
York  Volunteers ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


New  York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,"  as  an  Adams 
man,  receiving  2,077  votes  against  2,871  votes  for 
Isaac  Wilson,  Democrat,  who  obtained  the  seat 
through  incorrect  returns,  but  the  House  gave  it  to 
Adams;  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  January  7,  1824,  until  March  3, 
1827. 

Adams,  Robert  H.,  was  born  in  Rockbridge 
County,  Virginia,  in  1792;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Washington  College,  Lexington; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced 
practice  at  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  and  removed  to 
Natchez,  Mississippi,  in  1819;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1828;  was  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate  to  fill  the  vacancy  occa 
sioned  by  the  death  of  Thomas  B.  Reed,  serving  from 
February  8,  1830,  until  May  31,  1830;  and  died  at 
Natchez,  Mississippi,  July  2,  1830,  from  drinking  too 
freely  of  ice-water  when  heated. 

Adams,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  September,  27,  1722;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1740,  and 
studied  theology ;  was  appointed  tax-collector  of  Bos 
ton  ;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Court  of  Massa 
chusetts  1765-1774;  was  a  delegate  from  Massachu 
setts  to  the  Continental  Congress  from  September  5, 
1774,  to  1781;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1779;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate,  and  its  president  in  1781 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Convention  which  adopted  the 
Federal  Constitution  in  1788;  1789-1794  was  elected 
lieutenant-governor  of  Massachusetts  as  a  Democrat, 
and  governor  in  1794-1797 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Dem 
ocratic  candidate  for  representative  from  Boston  in 
the  First  Congress  by  Fisher  Ames,  Federalist;  and 
died  at  Boston,  October  2,  1803. 

Adams,  Stephen,  was  born  in  Franklin  Coun 
ty,  Tennessee;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Tennessee; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  removed 
to  Mississippi,  where  he  commenced  practice;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1848;  was  chosen  a 
United-States  senator  from  Mississippi,  as  a  State- 
rights  Democrat  (in  place  of  Jefferson  Davis,  re 
signed),  serving  from  March  17,  1852,  until  March  3, 
1857;  removed  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  to  resume 
practice ;  and  died  there,  of  small-pox,  May  11,  1857. 

Adams,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and 
was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  serving  from  1778  to  1780. 

Addams,  William,  was  born  in  Lancaster 
County,  Pennsylvania,  September  4,  1776 ;  settled  in 
Berks  County,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  served  as 
auditor  in  1813,  1814,  and  as  county  commissioner 
1814-1817 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1822-1824;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829 ;  was  asso 
ciate  judge  of  Berks  County  1839-1842;  and  died 
May  19,  1858. 

Adgate,  Asa,  was  a  native  of  the  State  of  New 
York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1798,  1799 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (in  the 
place  of  Benjamin  Pond,  who  had  died  before  taking 
liis  scat),  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  until  March 
%  1817 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1823;  and  died  at  Clinton,  New 
York. 

Adrain,  Garnett  B.,  was  born  at  New- York 
City,  December  20,  1816;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Rutgers  College  in  1833 ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and  commenced 
practice  at  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-fifth 


254 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,781  votes 
against  9,708  votes  for  Bishop,  Fusion  candidate; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  an 
anti-Lecomptoii  Democrat,  supported  by  the  oppo 
sition,  receiving  9,713  votes  against  9,255  votes  for 
Paterson,  Democrat;  resumed  the  practice  of  law. 

Alll,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Strasburg,  Pennsyl 
vania,  August  9,  1815;  received  a  thorough  English 
education ;  studied  medicine  with  his  father ;  gradu 
ated  at  the  Washington  Medical  College  of  Baltimore, 
and  practised  until  1850,  when  he  became  a  manu 
facturer;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  11,191  votes  against  9,670  votes  for  Todd, 
Union. 

Aiken,  D.  W^yatt,  was  born  at  Winnsborough, 
South  Carolina,  March  17,  1828;  received  a  classical 
education  at  Mount  Zion  Institute,  Winnsborough, 
and  graduated  from  the  South-Carolina  College  in 
1849 ;  taught  school  two  years ;  settled  upon  a  farm  in 
1852,  and  has  since  devoted  himself  to  agriculture; 
entered  the  Confederate  service  as  a  private  in  1861 ; 
was  appointed  adjutant  of  the  Seventh  South-Caro 
lina  Volunteers,  and  was  elected  colonel  when  the 
regiment  was  re-organized  at  the  expiration  of  its 
term  of  service,  serving  until  forced  to  retire  by  rea 
son  of  wounds  received  at  the  battle  of  Antietam; 
was  elected  to  the  State  legislature  in  1864  and  1866 : 
was  master  of  the  State  Grange  of'  Patrons  of  Hus 
bandry  for  two  years,  and  a  member  of  the  Execu 
tive  Committee  of  the  National  Grange  for  six  years ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  St.  Louis  in  1876 ;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  21,479  votes  against 
15,55:3  votes  for  L.  Cass  Carpenter,  Republican. 

Aiken,  TATilliam,  was  born  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  in  1806;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  South-Carolina  College  in  1825; 
cultivated  a  large  rice-plantation;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1838,  1840,  and  1842;  was 
governor  of  South  Carolina  1844-1846;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  as  a  Southern-rights  Democrat, 
without  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  without  opposition,  and  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  without  opposition,  receiving  the  votes  of 
the  Democrats  and  the  National  Americans  in  the 
last  ballotings,  which  resulted  in  the  election  of  N.  P. 
Banks  as  speaker  of  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  until  March  3,  1857; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  753  votes  against  699  votes  for  Stephen  Elliot, 
422  votes  for  William  Whaley,  and  76  votes  for  L. 
M.  Ayer;  presented  his  credentials  February  12, 
1867,  but  was  not  admitted  to  a  seat. 

Ainsworth,  Lucien  Lester,  was  born  at 
New  Woodstock,  New  York,  June  21,  1831;  was 
educated  at  public  schools  and  at  Oneida  Conference 
Seminary,  Cazenovia,  New  York;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Madison  County,  New  York, 
in  1854;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1855,  and  commenced 
practice  at  West  Union ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Iowa  1860-1862;  entered  the  Union  army 
in  the  fall  of  1862  as  captain  in  the  Sixth  Iowa  Cav 
alry,  and  served  for  three  years  against  the  Indians 
at  the  North- West ;  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  of 
service  returned  to  West  Union,  and  resumed  prac 
tice;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  of  Iowa  in  1872  and  1873 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  Anti-Monopolist,  receiving  11,066  votes 
against  11,003  votes  for  C.  T.  Granger,  Republican. 

Akers,  Thomas  Peter,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  as  a  National  American  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  J.  G.  Miller),  serving 
from  August  18,  1856,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Albert,  William  Julian,  was  born  at  Balti 
more,  Maryland,  August  4,  1816;  was  educated  at 


Mount  Saint  Mary's  College,  Maryland;  was  a  mer 
chant,  but  retired  from  business  in  1856 ;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  Electoral  College  of  Maryland  in  1864, 
which  voted  for  Abraham  Lincoln  for  re-election  as 
President;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  First 
National  Bank  of  Maryland,  and  a  director  in  it, 
besides  being  director  in  insurance-companies,  sav 
ings-banks,  and  manufacturing-companies  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,405  votes 
against  10,300  votes  for  Merrick,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Albertson,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
removed  to  Indiana,  and  located  at  Greenville ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,271  votes 
against  7,598  votes  for  Embree,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Albright,  Charles,  was  born  in  Berks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  December  13,  1830;  was  educated  at 
Dickinson  College ;  studied  law  at  Ebensburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852;  in 
1854  went  to  Kansas,  and  participated  in  the  early 
struggles  of  the  Territory  for  freedom;  in  1856  re 
turned  to  Pennsylvania,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  at  Mauch  Chunk,  where  he  has  since  resided ; 
in  1860  he  Avas  a  delegate  to  the  Republican  National 
Convention;  entered  the  army  in  1862  as  major 
of  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-second  Regiment 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers ;  after  the  battle  of  Antie 
tam,  was  made  lieutenant-colonel;  on  February  22, 
1863,  was  commissioned  colonel,  commanding  the 
third  brigade,  third  division,  Second  Army  Corps, 
until  after  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville ;  in  Septem 
ber,  1864,  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the  Two  Hun 
dred  and  Second  Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volunteers ; 
in  March,  1865,  was  promoted  to  brevet  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers;  after  the  surrender  of  Rich 
mond,  was  sent  to  pacify  the  tumults  in  the  mining 
regions;  in  August,  18(55,  he  was  mustered  out  of 
service,  and  resumed  business  at  Mauch  Chunk;  in 
1872  was  a  delegate  to  the  Republican  National  Con 
vention  at  Philadelphia;  was  elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  one  of  the  three  congressmen  at 
large  from  Pennsylvania,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
360,574  votes  against  314,036  votes  for  Richard  Vaux, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Albright,  Charles  J.,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  removed  to  Ohio;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  8,332  votes  against  0,017  votes 
for  Wire,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Alcorn,  James  Lusk,  was  born  November, 
1816,  near  Golcorida,  Illinois ;  was  reared  in  Living 
ston  County,  Kentucky,  and  educated  at  Cumber 
land  College  in  that  State;  was  appointed  deputy- 
sheriff  of  Livingston  County,  and  held  the  office  for 
five  years;  in  1843  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  legis 
lature  of  Kentucky;  removed  in  1844  to  Coahoma 
County,  Mississippi,  and  entered  upon  the  practice 
of  law;  between  1846  and  1865  he  served  sixteen 
years  in  the  legislature  of  that  State,  sometimes  in 
the  House,  sometimes  in  the  Senate;  in  1852  he  was 
chosen  elector  at  large  on  the  Scott  ticket;  nomi 
nated  by  the  Whigs  in  1857  for  governor,  he  de 
clined;  running  in  that  year  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  Congress  in  his  district  (one  largely  Democratic), 
he  was  beaten  by  L.  Q.  C.  Lamar;  having  been  the 
founder  of  the  levee  system  in  his  State,  in  1858  he 
was  chosen  president  of  the  Levee  Board  of  the 
Mississippi-Yazoo  Delta;  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Convention  of  1851,  and  again  to  that  of  1861,  the 
latter  body  electing  him  a  brigadier-general,  but, 
when  his  brigade  entered  the  Confederate  service, 
Jefferson  Davis  refused,  owing  to  'some  old  political 
differences,  to  commission  him  as  its  commander; 
in  1865  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States,  but  was  not  allowed  to  take  his  seat ;  in  1869 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


255 


he  was  elected  on  the  Republican  ticket  governor 
of  Mississippi,  and  was  inaugurated  in  March,  1870 ; 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  he  re 
signed  the  office  of  governor  the  30th  of  November, 
1871,  and  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  on  December  4, 
1871 ;  in  1873  he  ran  as  Independent  candidate  for 
governor,  and  was  defeated. 

Aldrich,  Cyrus,  was  born  at  Smithfield;  Rhode 
Island,  June  7, 1808 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  made  several  coasting-voyages  as  a  sailor;  re 
moved  to  Illinois,  and  became  an  extensive  mail- 
contractor;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1845,  1846 ;  was  register  of  deeds  in 
Jo  Daviess  County  in  1847 ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Taylor  receiver  of  the  land-office  at  Dixon 
in  1849;  was  the  Whig  candidate  in  Northern  Illi 
nois  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  and  was  de 
feated  by  John  Wentworth,  Democrat ;  removed  in 
1854  to  Minneapolis,  Minnesota;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Minnesota  in 
1857;  was  defeated  in  a  contest  for  the  Republican 
nomination  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Minnesota  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  an  unsuccessful  candi 
date  for  the  United-States  Senate  in  1863;  was  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  Minnesota  in  1864 ;  was 
appointed  postmaster  at  Minneapolis  by  President 
Johnson  in  March,  1867;  and  died  at  Minneapolis, 
Minnesota,  of  dropsy,  October  5,  1871. 

Aldrich,  William,  was  born  at  Greenfield, 
Saratoga  County,  New  York,  in  January,  1820;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education,  with  one  term 
of  private  instruction  in  higher  mathematics  and 
surveying,  and  one  term  at  an  academy;  was  reared 
on  a  farm,  and  taught  school  until  twenty-six  years 
of  age,  when  he  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  re 
moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1851,  and  manufactured  lum 
ber,  wooden-ware,  and  furniture,  in  connection  with 
merchandising;  was  for  three  years  superintendent 
of  schools,  one  year  chairman  of  the  County  Board 
of  Supervisors,  and  represented  a  part  of  Manitowoc 
County  in  the  legislature  of  Wisconsin  in  1859 ;  re 
moved  to  Chicago,  Illinois,  in  1861,  and  established 
himself  as  a  wholesale  grocer;  was  elected  alderman 
from  the  Third  Ward  of  Chicago  in  1876 ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,578  votes 
against  14,101  votes  for  John  R.  Hoxie,  Democrat. 

Alexander,  Adam  R.,  was  born  in  Washing 
ton  County,  Virginia;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  removed 
to  Madison  County,  Tennessee ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  to  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1, 1823,  to  March  3, 1827 ;  and 
died  at  Jackson,  Tennessee. 

Alexander,  Evan,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1787;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  for  two  years ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Ninth  Congress 
(to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Na 
thaniel  Alexander,  who  had  been  elected  govern 
or)  against  Robert  Locke ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  February,  1806,  to 
March  3,  1809;  died  suddenly  October  28,  1809. 

Alexander,  Henry  P.,  was  born  in  New  York 
in  1802 ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Little  Falls,  Herkimer 
County;  was  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  and  was  defeated,  receiving  6,047  votes 
against  6,685  votes  for  Buell,  Democrat ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  6,109  votes  against  5,564  for  Nellis, 
Free-soil  Democrat,  and  1,264  votes  for  Samous,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  1, 
1851 ;  and  died  at  Little  Falls,  New  York,  February 
22,  1867. 


Alexander,  James,  jun.,  was  born  in  Mary 
land  ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to 
St.  Clairsville,  Belmont  County,  Ohio ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  defeating  Kennon,  Van  Buren  Dem 
ocrat,  and  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1839;  and  died  at  St.  Clairsville,  August  6,  1846. 

Alexander,  John,  was  born  at  Spartaiiburg, 
South  Carolina,  where  the  family  was  called  Elchi- 
nor;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Ohio,  where  he  became  known  in  politics  as  "the 
Buffalo  of  the  West;"  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirteenth,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Alexander,  Mark,  was  born  in  Mechleuburg 
County,  Virginia ;  received  a  liberal  education ;  held 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  as  a  Dem 
ocrat;  and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty- 
first,  and  Twenty-second  Congress,  without  opposi 
tion,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3, 
1833. 

Alexander,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  Mechleii- 
burg  County,  North  Carolina,  March  5,  1756;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  1776;  studied  medicine  and  surgery,  and 
entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  surgeon;  after 
the  establishment  of  independence,  he  practised  his 
profession  at  the  High  Hills  of  Santee ;  was  for  sev 
eral  years  a  member  of  the  legislature ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Eighth 
Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1805 ;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  1805-1807 ;  and 
died  at  Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  March  8,  1808. 

Alexander,  Robert,  was  a  native  of  Baltimore ; 
was  chosen  a  member  of  the  People's  Committee, 
November  12,  1774;  was  chosen  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Convention  of  Maryland  in  1775;  was 
elected  a  deputy  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  December  9,  1775 ;  and  re-elected  July  4, 
1776 ;  but,  soon  after  the  promulgation  of  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence,  he,  with  other  Baltimore 
loyalists,  left  for  England. 

Alford,  Julius  C.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  La 
Grange,  Georgia ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  T\yenty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  State- 
rights  Whig,  to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
resignation  of  George  W.  B.  Towns,  serving  from 
January  31,  1837,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  defeated  as 
the  State-rights  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  28,805  votes  against  29,600  votes 
for  George  W.  B.  Towns,  Union  Democrat;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
32,333  votes  against  31,190  votes  for  Josiah  S.  Patter 
son,  Union  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  as  a  Harrison  Whig,  receiving  39,- 
275  votes  as  a  Harrison  Whig  against  35,362  votes 
for  Robert  W.  Pooler,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Allan,  Chilton,  was  born  in  Albemarle  County, 
Virginia,  April  6,  1786 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  learned  the  wheelwright's  trade;  removed  to 
Kentucky,  where  he  read  law  after  his  work,  and 
was  in  time  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  elected  to  the 
State  legislature  in  1811,  and  several  successive  years; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Clay  Democrat;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  without  oppo 
sition;  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  2,883  votes  against  2,570  votes  for  Richard 
Hawes,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  3,  1837;  was  elected  president  of  the  State 
Board  of  Internal  Improvement  in  1838;  was  again 
elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1842; 
and  died  at  Winchester,  Kentucky,  September  3, 
1858. 


256 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Allen,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1740 ;  received  a  classical  education ; 
studied  law  with  his  father,  Chief  Justice  William 
Allen;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Philadelphia;  was  appointed  attorney-general  in 
1766 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Committee 
of  Safety;  is  said  by  several  biographers  to  have 
served  in  the  Continental  Congress  in  1775-1776,  but 
no  mention  of  such  service  is  to  be  found  in  the 
printed  journal  of  that  body;  renewed  his  allegiance 
to  Great  Britain  in  1776,  and  went  to  London ;  was 
attainted,  and  his  landed  estate  was  forfeited  under 
the  Confiscation  Act ;  died  at  London,  March  7, 1825. 

Allen,  Augustus  F.,  was  born  in  1810;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  but  died  at  James 
town,  New  York,  January  22,  1875,  before  he  took 
his  seat. 

Allen,  Charles,  was  born  at  Worcester,  Massa 
chusetts,  August  9,  1797 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1818;  commenced  practice  at  New 
Braintree,  but  soon  after  removed  to  Worcester,  and 
became  a  partner  of  John  Davis ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1829,  1833,  1834, 
1838,  and  1840,  and  State  senator  in  1835,  1838,  1839; 
was  a  member  of  the  North-eastern  Boundary  Commis 
sion  in  1842;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  in  1842-1844;  was  nominated  judge  of  the  State 
Supreme  Court  in  1847,  but  declined;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  as  a  Free-Soilef,  on  the  second  trial,  de 
feating  Charles  Hudson,  Whig,  and  J.  Davis,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
on  the  second  trial,  defeating  J.  M.  Barton,  Whig, 
and  J.  S.  C.  Knowlton,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  until  March  1,  1853;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1853 ;  was 
chief  justice  of  the  Suffolk  Superior  Court  1858-1860; 
was  chief  justice  of  the  Superior  Court  1860-1867; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861 ;  and 
died  of  paralysis  at  Worcester,  Massachusetts,  Au 
gust  6,  1869. 

Allen,  Elisha  H.,  was  born  at  New  Salem, 
Massachusetts,  January  28,  1804;  received  a  liberal 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Bangor;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1836-1841,  serv 
ing  in  1838  as  speaker ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  500  majority,  and  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  Whig  candidate  for 
re-election,  but  was  defeated  by  Hannibal  Hamlin, 
Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1846 ;  removed  to  Boston  in  1847, 
and  practised  law ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachu 
setts  House  of  Representatives  in  1842 ;  was  appointed 
consul  at  Honolulu ;  and  has  since  been  prominently 
connected  with  the  government  of  the  Hawaiian 
Islands,  as  chief  justice,  chancellor,  and  regent,  and 
as  envoy  to  the  United  States  in  1856, 1864, 1870,  and 
1875. 

Allen,  Heman,  was  born  at  Milton,  Vermont, 
in  1776;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Mil 
ton;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  by  711  major 
ity;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
on  the  second  trial,  receiving  2,382  votes  against  1,725 
votes  for  Van  Ness,  Democrat,  and  1,389  votes  for 
the  anti-Masonic  candidate,  serving  from  June  23, 
1832,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  a  Whig  candidate  for 
re-election,  but  was  defeated  on  the  second  trial  by 
John  Smith,  Democrat;  removed  to  Burlington,  Ver 
mont,  where  he  died  December  11,  1844. 

Allen,  Heman,  was  born  at  Poultney,  Vermont, 
February  23,  1779;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1795;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Colchester;  was  sheriff  of  Chittenden  County 


in  1808-1809,  and  chief  justice  of  the  county  court 
1811-1814;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1812-1817;  was  a  trustee  of  the  University 
of  Vermont ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ver 
mont  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  but  resigned  when 
appointed  by  President  Monroe  United-States  marshal 
for  the  district  of  Vermont,  serving  from  December 

1,  1817,  until  August  1,  1818;  was  appointed  minister 
plenipotentiary  to  Chili  January  27,  1823,  and  served 
until  July  31,  1827;  was  president  of  the  Burlington 
branch  of  the  United-States  Bank  from  1830  until 
the  expiration  of  its  charter ;  removed  to  Highgate, 
Vermont,  and  died  there,  of  heart-disease,  April  7, 
1852. 

Allen,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Shelby  County, 
Kentucky,  January  28, 1823 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Indiana  in  1843,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
prosecuting  attorney  for  the  Seventh  Judicial  Dis 
trict  of  Indiana  1846-1848;  removed  to  Illinois; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  1850-1851;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  8,223  votes  against  7,035  votes  for  Constable, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  until  March 
3,  1855 ;  was  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  against  Archer,  Whig,  and  claimed 
to  have  received  8,452  votes  against  8,451  for  Archer, 
but  the  House  declared  the  seat  vacant ;  was  subse 
quently  elected,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1856, 
serving  until  March  3,  1857 ;  was  chosen  clerk  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  128  votes  against  85  votes  for  B. 
Gratz  Brown,  and  6  scattering;  and  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  representative  at 
large,  receiving  136,060  votes  against  119,761  votes  for 
Ingersoll,  Republican. 

Allen,  John,  was  born  at  Great  Barrington, 
Massachusetts;  in  1763,  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut;  was  a 
member  of  the  Council  of  Connecticut  for  several 
years ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
in  the  Fifth  Congress,  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
May  15, 1797,  to  March  3, 1799;  and  died  at  Litchfield, 
Connecticut,  July  31,  1812. 

Allen,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Harrison  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Virginia. 

Allen,  John  W.  (son  of  John  Allen),  was  born 
at  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  in  1802 ;  received  a  liberal 
education;  removed  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1825; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1835-1837;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1841. 

Allen,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Boston,  September 

2,  1749 ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  1774 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits    at  Leicester,   Massachusetts  ;    was  an  active 
Whig;  removed  to  Worcester  in  1776,  having  been 
chosen  clerk  of  the  court,  which  office  he  held  until 
1810 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  1778;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1797;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Eleventh  Congress  (in  the  place  of  Jabez  Upham, 
resigned),  serving   from   December  11,   1810,  until 
March  3, 1811;  was  a  State  councillor  1815, 1816;  and 
died  at  Worcester,  September  2,  1827. 

Allen,  Judson,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Har- 
persville,  Brown  County,  New  York ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1837 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


257 


5,072  votes  against  4,284  votes  for  Erastus  Root, 
Whig. 

Allen,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  Dutchcss  County, 
New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  in 
1812 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  until  March  3,  1821. 

Allen,  Philip,  was  born  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  September  1,  1785;  graduated  at  Brown  Uni 
versity  in  1803 ;  became  actively  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  business,  particularly  the  West-India  trade,  and, 
when  foreign  commerce  was  prostrated  by  the  war  of 
1812,  turned  his  attention  to  the  manufacture  of  cot 
ton  goods;  was  appointed  president  of  the  Rhode- 
Island  branch  of  the  United-States  Bank  and  pension 
agent  in  1827;  was  elected  as  a  Tariff  Democrat 
governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1851,  and  re-elected  in 
1852  and  in  1853;  at  the  May  session  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1853,  after  he  had  been  declared  gov 
ernor,  he  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  the 
4th  of  March  preceding ;  served  in  the  United-States 
Senate  from  December  7,  1853,  until  March  3,  1859; 
and  died  at  Providence,  of  a  bilious  attack,  Decem 
ber  10,  1865. 

Allen,  Robert,  was  born  in  Augusta  County, 
Virginia,  in  1777;  received  a  public-school  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  removed  to  Car 
thage,  Tennessee,  where  he  entered  into  business; 
was  for  many  years  clerk  of  the  county  court ;  com 
manded  a  regiment  of  Tennessee  volunteers,  under 
General  Jackson,  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  successively  re-elected  to 
the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  0,  1819,  to  March  3, 
1827,  and  declining  a  re-election.  lie  died  at  Carthage, 
Tennessee,  August  19,  1864. 

Allen,  Robert,  was  born  at  Woodstock,  Vir 
ginia,  July  30,  1794;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Washington  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Woodstock; 
was  prosecuting  attorney ;  was  for  five  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
first  and  the  Twenty-second  Congresses,  receiving  at 
the  last  election  1,050  votes  against  072  votes  for  James 
M.  Mason,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  until 
March  3,  1833;  died  at  Mount  Jackson,  Virginia. 

Allen,  Samuel  Clesson,  was  born  at  Bernards- 
town,  Massachusetts,  January  5,  1772;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College 
in  1794;  studied  theology,  and  was  pastor  of  a  Con 
gregational  church  in  Northfield  1795-1798;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Green 
field  and  at  Northfield ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1800-1810,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1812-1815 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
and  was  successively  elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seven 
teenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  0,  1819,  to  March  3, 
1829;  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  in 
1829-1830 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in 
1831;  and  died  at  Northfield,  Massachusetts,  Feb 
ruary  8,  1842. 

Allen,  "William,  was  born  at  Edenton,  North 
Carolina,  in  1800;  received  a  liberal  education;  re 
moved  to  Ohio,  where  he  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  sen-ing  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  elected  to  the  United- 
States  Senate  (in  the  place  of  Thomas  Ewing,  Whig), 
and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  March  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  elected  governor  of  Ohio  by  a 
plurality  of  723  votes  over  Noyes,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  1874-1876;  was  the 'Democratic  candidate 
for  re-election,  but  was  defeated  by  Rutherford  B. 
Hayes,  Republican. 


Allen,  William,  was  born  in  Butler  County, 
Ohio,  August  13,  1827;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  taught  school;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced  practice  at  Green 
ville,  Ohio;  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney  in  1850, 
and  re-elected  in  1858;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,558  votes  against  9,371  votes  for< 
M.  II.  Nichols,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to* 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  11,756  votes 
against  10,908  votes  for  Hart,  Republican,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Allen,  William  J.,  was  born  in  Tennessee  in 
1828,  and  was  taken  the  next  year  by  his  father  to 
Illinois;  received  a  public-school  education ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in 
1854;  was  appointed  United-States  district  attorney 
in  1855,  and  resigned  when  elected  judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Tliirty-seventh  Congress  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  General  J.  A. 
Logan) ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,497  votes  against 
4,290  votes  for  Bartley,  Republican,  serving  from 
June  2,  1862,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Allen,  Willis,  was  born  in  Tennessee;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,863  votes 
against  4,816  votes  for  Davis,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  12,100  votes,  without  any  organized  oppo 
sition. 

Alley,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Lynn,  Massachu 
setts,  January  7,  1817;  received  a  thorough  public- 
school  education;  was  apprenticed  to  shoemaking; 
engaged  in  the  shoe  and  leather  business;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  Lynn-city  councils; 
was  a  State  councillor  in  1851 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1852;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1853 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  5,587  votes  against  2,116 
votes  for  G.  B.  Loring,  Democrat,  and  3,017  votes  for 
Lord,  American ;  was're-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  9,014  votes  against  2,471  votes  for 
Otis  P.  Lord,  Democrat,  2,300  votes  for  J.  Knight, 
American,  722  votes  for  G.  B.  Loring,  Democrat,  and 
253  scattering  votes;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  8,505  votes  against  0,152 
votes  for  B.  Poole,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  13,085  votes  against 
4,158  for  C.  O.  Morse,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  resumed  J^usi- 
ness,  and  was  prominently  connected  with  the  Union 
Pacific  Railroad. 

Allison,  James,  was  born  in  Cecil  County, 
Maryland,  October  4,  1772;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Beaver  County,  Pennsylvania; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress,  but  declined  serving  on  account  of 
ill  health;  resumed  practice;  and  died  in  June,  1854. 

Allison,  John  (son  of  James  Allison),  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  August  5,  1812;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
never  practised! ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1846-1847  and  1849;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,596 
votes  against  5,439  votes  for  Power,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  1, 1823,  to  March  3, 1825;  was 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
but  was  defeated,  receiving  5,340  votes  against  5,369 
votes  for  Trout,  Democrat;  Was  again  elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,808 
votes  against  5,172  votes  for  Trout,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857; 


258 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


declined  a  renomination ;  was  appointed  register  of 
the  treasury  April  3,  1869. 

Allison,  Robert,  was  born  at  Huntingdon, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December 
5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1833. 

Allison,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Perry,  Ohio, 
March  2,  1829 ;  was  educated  at  the  Western-Reserve 
College,  Ohio ;  studied  law,  and  practised  in  Ohio  un 
til  he  removed  to  Iowa  in  1857 ;  served  on  the  staff 
of  the  governor  of  Iowa,  and  aided  in  organizing 
volunteers  in  the  beginning  of  the  war  for  the  sup 
pression  of  the  rebellion;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-eight  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  12,112  votes  against  8,452 
votes  for  Mahony,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  16,130  votes  against 
10,578  votes  for  13.  B.  Richards,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  15,472 
votes  against  10,470  votes  for  Noble,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  20,119 
votes  against  14,120  votes  for  Mills,  Democrat,  and 
149  votes  for  Thomas,  Independent;  serving  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  from  December  7,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1871 ;  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Sen 
ate,  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  James  Harlan,  Re 
publican),  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1873.  His  term 
of  service  will  expire  March  3,  1879. 

Alsop,  John,  was  born  at  Middletown,  Connecti 
cut;  removed  to  New  York,  where  he  engaged  suc 
cessfully  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  an  earnest 
Whig;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  and  re-elected,  serving  from 
September  14,  1774,  to  October  26,  1774,  and  from 
May  10,  1775,  to  the  latter  part  of  that  year,  when 
he  went  to  Middletown,  Connecticut,  and  remained 
there  until  the  British  troops  evacuated  the  city  of 
New  York.  He  died  at  his  country  seat  at  Newtown, 
Long  Island,  November  22,  1794. 

Alston,  Lemuel  J.,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  -the 
Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to 
March  3,  1811. 

Alston,  William  J.,  was  born  in  Georgia,  but 
removed  to  Alabama  early  in  life,  and  settled  in 
Marengo  County ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1837,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  4,922  votes  against  4,091  votes  for  Calvin  C. 
Sellers,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
until  March  3,  1851;  and  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1855. 

Alston,  Willis,  was  born  in  Halifax  County, 
North  Carolina;  received  an  academic  education; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1791,  179*  1820,  and  1821,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1794,  1795,  and  1796;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Eighth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth 
Congresses,  as  a  War  Democrat,  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  until  March  3,  1819;  and  again  elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  defeating  George  C.  Out 
law;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses,  without  opposition,  serving  from 
December  5,  1825,  until  March  3,  1831 ;  and  died  at 
Halifax,  North  Carolina,  April  10,  1837. 

Alvord,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
in  1808;  received  a  liberal  education,  graduating  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1827;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a 
member  of  each  branch  of  the  State  legislature  for 
one  year;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  4,440  votes  against  2,054  votes  for  Thomas 
Nims,  and  088  scattering;  died  before  taking  his 
seat,  September  27,  1839. 

Ambler,  Jacob  A.,  was   born   at  Pittsburg, 


Pennsylvania,  February  18,  1829;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law  in  Ohio;  was  elected  in  1857  to  the  State 
legislature  of  Ohio,  and  served  two  terms;  was  ap 
pointed  in  1859  judge  of  the  Ninth  Judicial  District, 
and  served  until  1867,  when  he  resumed  practice; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,998  votes  against  11,602  votes  for  Lawson,  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,685  votes  against  9,514 
votes  for  John  Ball,  Democrat. 

Ames,  Adelbert,  was  born  at  Rockland,  Maine, 
October  31,  1835  ;  received  an  academic  education; 
entered  the  United-States  Military  Academy  at  West 
Point,  and  graduated  May  6,  1861;  was  commis 
sioned  second  lieutenant  of  artillery ;  was  brevetted 
major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  where  he  was  wounded;  was 
brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  for  services  at  the  bat 
tle  of  Malvern  Hill;  was  appointed  colonel  of  the 
Twentieth  Maine  Volunteers ;  was  brevetted  colonel 
for  services  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg ;  was  brevet 
ted  major-general  of  volunteers  for  services  at  Fort 
Fisher;  was  brevetted  major-general  in  the  United- 
States  army,  at  the  close  of  the  war,  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  field  during  the  Rebellion ; 
was  appointed  provisional  governor  of  Mississippi 
June  15,  1868;  was  appointed  to  the  command  of 
the  fourth  military  district  (department  of  Missis 
sippi)  March  17,  1869;  was  elected  to  the  United- 
States  Senate  on  the  reconstruction  of  that  State, 
taking  his  seat  April  1,  1870,  and  serving  until  he  re 
signed  in  January,  1874,  having  been  elected  gov 
ernor  of  Mississippi;  resigned  as  governor  in  the 
fall  of  1875,  and  removed  to  Minnesota. 

Ames,  Fisher,  was  born  at  Dedham,  Massa 
chusetts,  April  9,  1758;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  entering  Harvard  College  when  twelve  years  of 
age,  and  graduating  in  1774;  studied  law  while  teach 
ing  school ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  1781;  was  a  member  of  the  convention 
which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  to  the  First  Congress,  as  a 
Federalist,  over  Samuel  Adams ;  and  was  successively 
re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3, 
1797;  resumed  practice,  but  gradually  relinquished 
it,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits ;  was 
chosen  president  qf  Harvard  College  in  1804,  but 
declined ;  and  died  at  Dedham,  Massachusetts,  July 
4,  1808.  His  writings  were  collected  and  published 
in  1809,  with  a  memoir,  by  Dr.  Kirklarid ;  and  an  en 
larged  edition  was  published  in  1854,  edited  by  his 
son,  Judge  Seth  Ames. 

Ames,  Oakes,  was  born  at  Easton,  Massachu 
setts,  January  10,  1804  ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  trade  of  shovel-making,  and 
established  himself  as  a  manufacturer  at  North  Eas 
ton  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,271  votes  against  5,884  votes  for  Swan,  people's  can 
didate;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  13,591  votes  against  5,266  votes  for  Maguire, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  9,581  votes  against  2,456  votes  for  Ide, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  14,498  votes  against  5,698  votes  for  Avery, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  9,367  votes  against  6,100  votes 
for  Avery,  Democrat ;  serving  from  December  7,  1863, 
until  March  3,  1873;  was  largely  concerned  in  trans 
continental  railroad  enterprises ;  and  died  at  North 
Easton,  of  apoplexy,  May  8,  1873. 

Ancona,  Sydenham  E.,  was  born  at  War 
wick,  Pennsylvania,  November  20,  1824;  received  a 
thorough  English  education;  removed  to  Berks 
County,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  for  several 
years  connected  with  the  Reading  Railroad  Com- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


259 


pany;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  9,993  votes  against  7,111  votes  for  Smith, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eight  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,022  votes  against  4,898  votes  for 
Wanner,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,070  votes  against  5,971 
votes  for  William  M.  Heister,  Republican,  and  serv 
ing  from  July  4,  ISOi,  to  March  3,  18(57;  was  nomi 
nated  as  navy  agent  at  Philadelphia  in  March,  1867, 
but  the  Senate  did  not  confirm  the  nomination. 

Anderson,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Tennessee ; 
received  a  classical  education ;  studied  law,  and  prac 
tised  atKnoxville;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Tennessee,  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  Hugh 
L.  White,  resigned),  serving  from  February  20,  1840, 
to  March  3,  1841. 

Anderson,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  East  Tennessee,  May  22,  1832;  graduated  at 
Franklin  College,  Tennessee;  studied  and  practised 
law ;  went  to  Missouri  in  1853 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  Missouri  in  1859  and  1800,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1802 ;  was  a  presidential  elec 
tor  in  1800;  served  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  the 
reserve  corps  from  18G2  to  18G4,  and  commanded  the 
Forty-ninth  Regiment  and  First  Battalion  E.  M.  M. 
in  active  service;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Repub 
lican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  4,870  votes  against  4,098 
votes  for  W.  F.  Switzher,  "Conservative. 

Anderson,  Hugh  J.,  was  born  at  Belfast,  Mas 
sachusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  in  1801;  received  an 
academic  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  was  clerk  of  the  Waldo-county  courts  1827- 
1837;  studied  law;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  30,572  votes  against  24,319  votes  for  Morse, 
Whig,  on  a  general  ticket;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,727  votes  against 
3,519  votes  for  William  G.  Crosby,  Whig,  and  101 
scattering,  and  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1841;  was  governor  of  Maine  1844-1847; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and  Butler 
ticket  in  1849;  was  commissioner  of  customs  in  the 
Treasury  Department  March  23,  1853-February  3, 
1858;  was  sixth  auditor  of  the  Treasury  Department 
September  20,  1800-May  3,  18G9. 

Anderson,  Isaac,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Anderson,  John,  was  born  at  Cumberland, 
Maine,  in  1792;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1813;  studied  law  with 
Stephen  Longfellow  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
ISlo,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1824 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses,  sen-ing  from  December  5, 1825,  to 
March  3,  1833 ;  was  mayor  of  Portland  in  1833  and 
1842 ;  was  United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of 
Maine,  1833-1837;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Port 
land,  1837-1841  and  1843-1848;  and  died  August  21, 
1853. 

Anderson,  Joseph,  was  born  near  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  November  5,  1757;  received  a 
liberal  education;  studied  law;  was  commissioned 
ensign  in  the  New- Jersey  line  in  1775 ;  served  through 
the  war  of  the  Revolution,  and  attained  the  rank  of 
brevet-major;  practised  law  in  Delaware  for  seven 
years;  was  appointed  in  1791  United-States  judge 
of  the  territory  south  of  the  Ohio  River ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  first  Constitutional  Convention  of  Ten 
nessee  ;  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  from 
Tennessee,  and  served  from  September  20,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1815;  was  first  comptroller  of  the  treasury, 
March  4,  1815-July  1,  1830;  and  died  at  Washington 
April  17,  1837. 


Anderson,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  at  White 
Plains,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  4,811  votes  against  3,435  votes  for  Cruger,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  0,098  votes  against  4,807  for  Barretto,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 1847 ;  died  at 
White  Plains,  New  York. 

Anderson,  Josiah  M.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,250  votes 
against  5,693  votes  for  Lyon,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was 
a  Whig  candidate  for  re-election,  but  was  defeated, 
receiving  G,G58  votes  against  6,674  votes  for  Church- 
well,  Democrat;  was  a  delegate  from  Tennessee  to 
the  Peace  Congress  of  1801. 

Anderson,  J.  Patton,  was  born  in  Tennessee ; 
removed  to  the  Pacific  coast,  and  settled  at  Olympia, 
Washington  Territory;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Washington  Territory  in  the  Thirty-fourth  "Congress, 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1857;  was  appointed  governor  of  Washing 
ton  Territory,  but  only  held  the  position  for  two 
months;  entered  the  Confederate  army  February  10, 
1802,  as  brigadier-general ;  commanded  a  brigade  com 
posed  of  the  First  Florida,  Seventeenth  Alabama,  and 
Fifth  and  Eighth  Mississippi  Regiments;  was  pro 
moted  major-general  February  17,.  1864,  and  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  district  of  Florida;  and  was 
subsequently  in  command  of  Hindman's  division, 
Folk's  corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee. 

Anderson,  Lucien,  was  born  at  Mayfield,  Ken 
tucky,  June,  1824 ;  received  a  thorough  English  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Scott  and  Graham  ticket  in  1853;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  as  a  Union  man,  receiving  4,323  votes 
against  711  votes  for  Trimble,  Democrat. 

Anderson,  Richard  Clough,  jun.,  was  born 
at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  August  4,  1788;  received  a 
classical  education  in  Virginia,  graduating  at  William 
and  Mary  College,  and  studying  law  under  Judge 
Tucker;  practised  law  at  Louisville ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  for  several  years ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress  by  a  large  majority  over  Stephen  Ormsby,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821;  declined  a  re 
election;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1822,  and  was  elected  speaker; 
was  commissioned  as  the  first  minister  to  Colombia, 
January  27, 1823,  and  took  leave  June  7,  having  been 
commissioned  envoy  extraordinary  to  the  Panama 
Congress  of  Nations;  but  died  at  Carthagena,  on  his 
way  there,  July  24,  1826. 

Anderson,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
in  1774;  served  several  years  in  the  State  legislature; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3, 1829 ;  died  at  Chester,  Pennsylvania, 
January  17,  1850. 

Anderson,  Simeon  H.,  was  born  in  Garrard 
County,  Kentucky,  March  2,  1802;  received  a  classi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  with  success;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  for  several  years;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  the  first  session,  from  December  2, 
1839,  until  July  21,  1840,  and  dying  before  the  expira 
tion  of  his  term,  at  his  home,  near  Lancaster,  Ken 
tucky,  August  11,  1840. 

Anderson,  Thomas  L.,  was  born  in  Greene 
'ounty,  Kentucky,  December  8,  1808 ;  received  a  pub 
ic-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
:he  bar,  and,  removing  to  Missouri,  commenced  prac- 
;ice  there  in  1830;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis- 
.ature  in  1840 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1844, 1848, 


260 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1852,  and  1856;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1845;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Na 
tional  American,  receiving  8,876  votes  against  8,149 
votes  for  Richmond,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,902  votes  against  6,089  votes  for  Henderson,  Re 
publican,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to 
March  3,  1861. 

Anderson,  "William,  was  born  in  Chester 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1759;  joined  the  Revolu 
tionary  army  in  1776,  and  served  until  peace  was  de 
clared,  especially  distinguishing  himself  at  German- 
town  and  at  Yorktown ;  removed  in  1790  to  Delaware 
County,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  occupied  several 
public  positions;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  as  a  Jeffer- 
sonian  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,218  votes  against  4,269  votes  for 
Thomas  B.  Dich,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  22, 1809,  to  March 
3,  1815 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1, 1817,  to  March  3, 1819;  was 
judge  of  the  Delaware-county  court,  and  collector 
of  customs  at  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  died 
December  13,  1829. 

Anderson,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Mount 
Vernon,  Illinois,  April  2,  1830;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  was  elected  surveyor  of  Jefferson 
County  in  1851 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1858,  but  never  practised,  engaging  in  agricultural 
pursuits ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  of  Illinois  in  1856,  and  again  in 
1858;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as  private, 
was  successively  elected  captain,  lieiitenant-colonel, 
and  colonel,  and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Seymour  and  Blair  ticket 
in  1868 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  Illinois  in  1869;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  of  Illinois  November  5,  1871,  to  fill  a 
vacancy;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  an  Independent  Re 
former,  receiving  8,293  votes  against  7,556  votes  for 
Samuel  S.  Marshall,  Democrat,  and  5,482  votes  for 
Green  B.  Raum,  Republican. 

Anderson,  William  C..  was  born  at  Lancas 
ter,  Kentucky,  December  6,  1826;  was  educated  at 
Danville  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1851  and  1853 ;  was  the  Ameri 
can  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was 
defeated  by  Talbott,  Democrat ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  as  an  American,  receiving  7.204  votes  against 
7,201  votes  for  Chrisman,  Democrat  (who  unsuccess 
fully  contested  the  seat),  and  served  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  4,  1861 ;  died  at  Frankfort,  Ken 
tucky,  December  23,  1861. 

Andrews,  Charles,  was  born  at  Paris,  Maine, 
in  1814;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Turner,  Maine;  was  clerk  of  the  Oxford- 
county  court ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1839-1843,  serving  as  speaker  in 
1842 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
0,718  votes  against  6,652  for  Isaac  Reed,  Whig,  and 
183  for  Alfred  Pierce,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  until  his  death,  at  Paris  Hill,  Maine, 
April  30,  1852. 

Andrews,  George  B.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  7,033  votes  against  3,166  votes  for  Culver,  Van 
Buren  Democrat,  and  2,186  votes  for  Cutting,  Cass 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1849,  to 
March  8,  1851 ;  and  died  at  Ticondcroga,  New  York. 

Andrews,  John  T.,  was  born  at  North  Reading, 
New  York,  in  1810;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  sheriff  of  Steuben  County  1834-1837 ;  was 


elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  served 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Andrews,  Landaff  W.,  was  born  in  Fleming 
County,  Kentucky,  February  12,  1803;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Transylvania  Uni 
versity  in  1824;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1826,  and  has  since  practised;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1834;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  714 
majority  over  Thompson  Ward,  Democrat ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
4,411  votes  against  2,930  for  the  Democrat  candidate, 
serving  from  December  2, 1839,  to  March  1, 1843;  was 
the  Whig  candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  and  was  defeated  by  Andrews, 
Democrat,  who  received  408  majority. 

Andrews,  Samuel  G.,  was  born  at  Derby,  Con 
necticut,  October  16, 1799;  received  an  academical  ed 
ucation  ;  removed  with  his  father  to  Rochester,  New 
York,  in  1816;  was  a  merchant  and  manufacturer; 
was  mayor  of  Rochester ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1831,  1832;  was  clerk 
of  the  Monroe-county  court,  and  of  the  Court  of  Ap 
peals;  was  secretary  of  the  State  Senate  for  four 
years;  was  postmaster  of  Rochester;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,786  votes 
against  4,337  votes  for  Paine,  Democrat,  and  3,156 
votes  for  Clark,  American,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3, 1859 ;  died  at  Rochester,  New  York, 
in  1863. 

Andrews,  Sherlock  J.,  was  born  at  Walling- 
fprd,  Connecticut,  in  1801 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Union  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  removed  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  and 
commenced  practice  there  in  1825 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  until 
March  3,  1843. 

Angel,  William  G.,  was  born  at  New  Shorcham, 
Block  Island,  July  17,  1790;  when  two  years  old,  his 
father  removed  to  Litchfield,  Otsego  County,  New 
York,  where  he  worked  on  a  farm,  and  received  a 
common-school  education ;  commenced  the  study  of 
medicine  in  1807,  but  changed  to  the  study  of  law  in 
1809;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  October,  1817,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Burlington,  New  York ;  was 
appointed  surrogate  of  Otsego  Coxinty  in  1821 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Y^ork  in  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress,  as  a  John  Quincy  Adams  Democrat, 
defeating  Dr.  Campbell ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
tieth  Congress,  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  defeating 
General  Crafts;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  defeating  Hor 
ace  Lathrop;  resumed  practice,  and  removed  in  1833 
to  Hammondsport ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1846 ;  was  elected  county  judge 
of  Allcghany  County  in  1847;  resigned  in  1852;  and 
died  at  Angelica,  New  York,  August  13,  1858. 

Anthony,  Henry  B.,  was  born  at  Coventry, 
Rhode  Island,  April  1,  1815;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1833 ;  as 
sumed  the  editorial  charge  of  "The  Providence 
Journal;"  was  elected  governor  of  Rhode  Island,  as 
a  Whig,  in  1849;  re-elected  in  1850,  and  declined  a 
re-election;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Rhode  Island,  as  a  Union  Republican,  to  succeed 
Philip  Allen,  Democrat,  and  took  his  seat  December 
5,  1859;  was  successively  re-elected  in  1864, 1870,  and 
1876;  was  elected  president  of  the  Senate  pro  tcmpore 
March  23,  1869;  and  was  re-elected  March  10,  1871. 

Anthony,  Joseph  B.,  was  born  in  Pennsylva 
nia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Twenty-third  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2, 1833,  to  March  3, 1837;  died  at  Williamsport,  Penn 
sylvania,  January  17,  1851. 

Appleton,  John,  was  born  at  Beverly,  Massa- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


261 


chusetts,  February  11,  1815;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1834 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Portland,  Maine,  in  1837;  edited  "The  Port 
land  Argus;"  was  register  of  the  Cumberland- 
county  Probate  Court ;  was  chief  clerk  of  the  Navy 
Department,  and  subsequently  of  the  Department  of 
State;  was  minister  to  Bolivia  from  March  30,  1848, 
to  May  4,  1849;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Port 
land  in  partnership  with  Nathan  Clifford ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,943  votes  against 
5,903  votes  for  W.  P.  Fessenden,  Whig  and  Free-Soil, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was 
commissioned  secretary  of  legation  at  London  in 
1853,  but  declined;  was  secretary  of  legation  at 
London  from  February  19,  1855,  until  November  10, 
1855,  serving  in  October,  1855,  as  charge  d'affaires ; 
returning,  he  declined  the  editorship  of  "  The  Wash 
ington  Union;"  was  assistant  secretary  of  state 
from  April  4,  1857,  to  June  8,  18GO;  was  minister  to 
Russia  from  June  8,  1800,  to  June  7,  1801 ;  died  at 
Portland,  Maine,  August  22,  1804. 

Appleton,  Nathan,  was  born  at  New  Ipswich, 
New  Hampshire,  October  0,  1779;  received  an  aca 
demic  education,  entering  Dartmouth  College,  but 
leaving  to  become  a  clerk  in  his  brother  William 
Appleton' s  store  in  Boston;  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  pioneer  cotton-mill  at  Walt-ham,  and  one  of 
the  three  founders  of  Lowell  in  1821 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  for  several  years;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress,  as  a  High-tariff  Whig,  defeating 
Henry  Lee,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  3,  1833;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  Robert  C.  Winthrop, 
resigned),  receiving  2,753  votes  against  1,233  votes 
for  Washburn,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  June  9, 
1842,  until  he  resigned,  October  4,  1842;  was  the 
author  of  pamphlets  on  the  tarilT,  the  currency,  the 
power-loom,  and  the  origin  of  Lowell;  died  at 
Boston,  July  14,  1801.  His  memoirs  were  written 
by  Robert  C.  Winthrop. 

Appleton,  William  (brother  of  Nathan),  was 
born,  at  Brookfield,  Massachusetts,  November  10, 
1780;  received  an  academic  education;  entered  a 
country  store  at  Temple,  at  the  age  of  fifteen,  as  a 
clerk;  removed  in  1807  to  Boston,  where  he  was  for 
upwards  of  half  a  century  honorably  and  successfully 
engaged  in  mercantile  and  manufacturing  pursuits ; 
was  president  of  the  Boston  branch  of  the  United- 
States  Bank  1832-1830;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  5,839  votes  against  1,855  votes  for 
John  T.  Heard,  Democrat,  and  1,107  for  B.  B.  Mus- 
sey,  Free-Soil ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,072  votes  against 
1,550  votes  for  Anson  Burlingame,  Free-Soil,  serving 
from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  8,014  votes  against  7,750  votes  for  Anson 
Burlingame,  American  Republican,  and  serving  dur 
ing  the  extra  session  from  July  4,  1801,  to  August  0, 
1801,  after  which  he  resigned;  died  at  Longwood, 
near  Boston,  February  15,  1802. 

Archer,  John  (father  of  Stevenson  Archer,  and 
grandfather  of  Stevenson  Archer),  was  born  in  Harford 
County,  Maryland,  Juno  0,  1741 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1700; 
studied  theology,  but,  on  account  of  a  throat  affec 
tion,  turned  his  attention  to  medicine,  and  received 
in  1708,  from  the  Philadelphia  Medical  College,  the 
first  medical  diploma  issued  on  the  American  conti 
nent;  was  a  Whig;  raised  a  military  company  at  the 
commencement  of  the  Revolution;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Mary 
land  ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1801 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Seventh  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  and  the  Ninth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  until 


March  3,   1807;   died  at  his  residence  in  Harford 
County,  Maryland,  in  1810. 

Archer,  Stevenson,  was  born  in  Harford 
Coun,ty,  Maryland;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1805 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  judge 
of  the  Maryland  Court  of  Appeals;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twelfth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
teenth  and  the  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  appointed 
United-States  judge  for  the  Territory  of  Mississippi ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  2,580  votes  against  1,879  votes  for  Reed,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  0,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was 
appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of 
Maryland  in  1845,  and  held  the  position  until  he 
died  in  1848. 

Archer,  Stevenson,  was  born  in  Harford 
County,  Maryland,  February  28,  1827;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  Maryland  in  1854;  was 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,091  votes  against  5,014  votes  for  I.  L. 
Thomas,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Ensor,  Re 
publican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,622  votes  against 
8,002  votes  for  W.  M.  Marine,  Republican ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,591  votes  against  10,303  votes  for  A.  M. 
Hancock,  Republican. 

Archer,  William  B.,  claimed  to  have  been 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,451  votes 
against  8,452  votes  for  James  C.  Allen,  Democrat; 
but  the  official  canvas  gave  Allen  the  seat  by  one 
majority.  The  House  decided  that  Mr.  Allen  was  not 
entitled  to  the  seat,  and  rejected  a  resolution  declar 
ing  Mr.  Archer  elected, — yeas  89,  nays  91.  On  a 
second  trial,  Mr.  Allen  was  elected  beyond  doubt. 

Archer,  William  S.,  was  born  in  Amelia 
County,  Virginia,  March  5,  1789;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  College  of  William  and 
Mary;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Dele 
gates  in  1812,  and  was  annually  re-elected,  with  the 
exception  of  one  year,  until  1819 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
(in  place  of  James  Plcasants,  resigned)  by  120  ma 
jority  over  James  Robinson;  and  was  re-elected, 
without  opposition,  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty -first,  Twenty -sec 
ond,  and  TAventy-tliird  Congresses,  serving  from  Jan 
uary  18,  1820,  until  March  3,  1835 ;  was  elected  to  the 
United-States  Senate,  as  a  Whig  (in  place  of  William 
II.  Roane,  Democrat),  and  served  from  May  31, 1841, 
until  March  3, 1847.  At  the  expiration  of  his  congres 
sional  career,  he  retired  to  his  paternal  estate,  where 
he  died,  of  neuralgia,  March  28, 1855. 

Armstrong,  David  A.,  for  many  years  a  citi 
zen  of  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  where  he  held  several  local 
offices,  among  them  that  of  vice-president  of  the  city 
board  of  police  commissioners,  was  appointed  United- 
States  senator  from  Missouri,  as  a  Democrat,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Lewis  V.  Bogy, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Armstrong,  James  (son  of  John  Armstrong, 
and  brother  of  John  Armstrong),  was  born  at  Car 
lisle,  Pennsylvania;  served  in  the  war  of  the  Revo 
lution;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795;  died  at  Carlisle,  Pennsyl 
vania. 

Armstrong  John  (father  of  James  Armstrong 
and  of  John  Armstrong),  was  born  in  the  north  of 
Ireland  in  1725;  immigrated  to  Pennsylvania,  and 
settled  at  Carlisle;  entered  the  service  of  the  Pro 
prietary  Government  as  land-surveyor;  was  colonel 
of  militia  rangers,  and  commanded  the  force  which 


262 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


destroyed  the  Indian  town  of  Kittakinning  in  1755 ; 
was  commissioned  brigadier-general  in  the  Conti 
nental  army  in  1770,  but  resigned  April  4,  1777,  on 
account  of  a  difficulty  concerning  rank;  was  a  .dele 
gate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
1778-1780  and  1787-1788;  and  died  at  Carlisle,  Penn 
sylvania,  March  9,  1795. 

Armstrong,  John  (son  of  John  Armstrong,  and 
brother  of  James  Armstrong),  was  born  at  Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania,  November  25,  1755 ;  received  a  liberal 
education,  and  entered  Princeton  College,  but  left  to 
enter  the  Revolutionary  army,  where  he  served  on  the 
staff  of  Generals  Mercer  and  Gates;  was  elected  by 
the  Continental  Congress  one  of  the  three  judges  for 
the  Western  Territory,  October  16,  1787,  but  declined 
January  16, 1788;  removed  to  New  York;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  New  York,  as  a  Demo 
crat  (in  the  place  of  John  Lawrence,  resigned);  took 
his  seat  Januarys,  1801,  and  served  until  he  resigned 
in  1802 ;  was  appointed  to  the  United-States  Senate 
(in  place  of  De  Witt  Clinton,  resigned),  and  served 
from  December  7,  1803,  to  February  25,  when  he  took 
his  seat  as  the  elected  successor  of  Theodoras  Bailey, 
resigned,  and  served  until  he  resigned,  June  80,  1804; 
was  minister  to  France  from  June  30,  1804,  to  Sep 
tember  14,  1810;  returning  home,  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  July  6,  1812 ;  was  secretary  of  war 
from  January  19,  1813,  to  September  20,  1814;  retired 
to  his  estate  at  Red  Hook,  New  York,  where  he  died 
April  1,  1843.  lie  published  a  brief  history  of  the 
military  operations  against  the  British  forces  while 
he  was  secretary  of  war. 

Armstrong,  Moses  K.,  was  born  at  Milan, 
Ohio,  September  19,  1832;  was  educated  at  Huron 
Institute  and  Western-Reserve  College,  Ohio  ;  re 
moved  to  Minnesota  Territory  in  1850;  was  elected 
surveyor  of  Mower  County,  and  in  1858  was  assigned 
to  the  survey  of  the  United-States  lands ;  on  the  ad 
mission  of  Minnesota  as  a  State,  lie  removed  to  Yank- 
ton,  then  an  Indian  village ;  on  the  organization  of 
the  Territory  of  Dakota,  in  1861,  he  was  elected  to 
the  first  territorial  legislature,  and  was  re-elected  in 
1862  and  1863,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker ;  edited 
"The  Dakota  Union  "  in  1864;  was  appointed  clerk 
of  the  Supreme  Court  in  1805;  was  elected  to  the 
Territorial  Council  in  1800,  and  was  chosen  president 
of  that  body  in  1867 ;  published  the  first  history  of 
Dakota  in  1807,  and  acted  as  secretary  of  the  Indian 
Peace  Commission ;  in  1866,  1867,  1808,  and  1809,  he 
established  the  great  meridian  and  standard  lines  for 
United-States  surveys  in  Southern  Dakota  and  the 
Northern  Red-river  Valley,  detecting  the  erroneous 
location  of  the  international  boundary-line  near  Pem- 
bina  since  1823 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Territorial 
Council  in  1809;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,221  votes  against 
1,102  votes  for  W.  A.  Burleigh,  Republican,  and  1,023, 
for  S.  L.  Spink,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  2,003  votes  against 
1,594  votes  for  G.  C.  Moody,  Republican,  and  1,002 
votes  for  W.  W.  Broqkings,  Republican. 

Armstrong,  William,  was  born  at  Lisburn, 
Antrim  County,  Ireland,  December  23,  1782;  immi 
grated  to  Virginia  in  1792 ;  obtained  employment  in 
a  store  at  Winchester,  where  he  studied  law;  was 
United-States  tax-collector  in  1818-1819;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Delegates  1822-1823 ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1820  and  1824;  held  several 
local  offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  defeat 
ing  Edward  Colston,  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Con 
gresses,  receiving  at  the  last  election  1,512  votes  against 
1,219  votes  for  Edward  Lucas,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1833.  After  leav 
ing  Congress,  lie  resided  in  the  valley  of  the  south 
branch  of  the  Potoma_c. 

Armstrong,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Wil- 
liamsport,  Pennsylvania,  September  7,  1824;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College,  New  Jersey,  in  1847; 


studied  and  practised  law;  served  in  the  State  legis 
lature  in  1800  and  1861 ;  in  1802  was  tendered  a  com 
mission  as  president  judge  of  the  Twenty-sixth  Judi 
cial  Circuit  of  Pennsylvania,  which  he  declined;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,760  votes  against  14,732  votes  for  Mackey,  who 
claimed  to  be  a  Republican,  but  was  nominated  and 
supported  by  the  Democrats. 

Arnell,  Samuel  M.,  was  born  in  Maury  County, 
Tennessee,  May  3,  1833;  was  educated  at  Amherst 
and  East  Hampton,  Massachusetts;  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Tennessee  in 
1865 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  Tennessee  in  1855  and  I860 ;  was  elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and  admitted  at  the  second 
session;  was  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  7,590  votes  against  2,170  votes 
for  Thomas,  Conservative ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  as  an  Independent  Republican, 
receiving  5,143  votes  against  2,141  votes  for  Buck, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  3, 1800,  to  March 
3,  1871. 

Arnold,  Benedict,  was  born  at  Amsterdam, 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly, 
1810-1817;  was  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  until  March  3,  1831. 

Arnold,  Isaac  N.,  was  born  at  Hardwicke,  New 
York,  November,  1815 ;  taught  school  while  acquiring 
his  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1835,  and  commenced  practice  at  Chicago,  Illinois; 
was  chief  city  clerk  of  Chicago  in  1837 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1843; 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1844;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  30,834  votes  against 
16,950  votes  for  Harrington,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  9,966  votes 
against  8,206  votes  for  Sherman,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  4, 1865;  was  appointed 
sixth  auditor  of  the  treasury,  serving  from  April  29, 
1805,  to  September  20,  1800.  He  published  a  "His 
tory  of  Abraham  Lincoln"  in  1805. 

Arnold,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Providence, 
Rhode  Island,  December  14,  1741 ;  studied  medicine, 
and  commenced  practice ;  was  a  charter  member  of 
the  Providence  Grenadiers  in  1774;  was  a  member  of 
the  General  Assembly  of  Rhode  Island  from  Provi 
dence  in  1776 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as 
surgeon;  was  director  of  the  army  hospital  at  Provi 
dence  ;  was  a  delegate  from  Rhode  Island  in  1782  and 
1783;  removed  to  St.  Johnsbury,  Vermont,  where  he 
held  several  local  offices;  and  died  February  2,  1798. 

Arnold,  Lemuel  H.,  was  born  at  St.  Johns- 
bury,  Vermont,  January  2w,  1792,  and  was  taken  to 
Rhode  Island  at  an  early  age;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1811 ; 
began  the  study  of  law,  but  relinquished  it  for  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  was  elected  governor  of  Rhode 
Island  in  1831,  and  re-elected  in  1832 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Executive  Council  during  the  Dorr  Rebellion 
in  1842;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode 
Island  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  until  March  3,  1847;  and  died  at 
Kingston,  Rhode  Island,  June  27,  1852. 

Arnold,  Peleg,  was  born  at  Smithfield,  Rhode 
Island,  in  1752;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
General  Assembly ;  was  a  delegate  from  Rhode  Island 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  April  9,  1787,  to 
November  1,  1787;  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Rhode  Island ;  died  at  Smithfield 
February  13,  1820. 

Arnold,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Iladdam,  Connec 
ticut,  June  1,  loOO;  received  an  academic  education; 
was  interested  in  agriculture,  and  carried  on  a  large 
stone-quarry  with  success;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1839,  1842,  1844, 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


263 


and  1851;  was  elected  to  the  Thirty  fifth  Congress,  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  9,398  votes  against  8,906  votes 
for  Woodruff,  Fusion  candidate. 

Arnold,  Samuel  Greene,  was  born  at  Provi 
dence,  Rhode  Island,  April  12,  1821;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in 
1841 ;  studied  law  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Khode-Island  bar  in  1845 ;  trav 
elled  extensively  in  Europe,  the  East,  and  South 
America;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  Khode 
Island  in  1852,  being  the  only  successful  candidate 
on  the  Whig  ticket;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Peace 
Convention  in  1801;  was  again  elected  lieutenant- 
governor  in  1801  and  1862;  served  in  the  Union  army 
as  captain  of  light  artillery,  and  as  aide-de-camp  to 
Governor  Sprague;  was  elected  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Khode  Island,  as  a  Union  man  (in  the 
place  of  J.  F.  Simmons,  Whig,  resigned),  and  served 
from  December  1,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863.  He  pub 
lished  a  "History  of  Khode  Island  "  in  seven  volumes, 
1859,  and  a  number  of  biographical  and  historical 
articles  in  reviews  and  magazines. 

Arnold,  Thomas  D.,  Avas  born  in  Tennessee; 
was  defeated  as  candidate  for  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
and  again  as  candidate  for  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
receiving  4,413  votes  against  4,496  votes  for  Pryor 
Lea ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
237  majority  over  Pryor  Lea,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1831,  to  March  3, 1833.  He  was  assaulted  in 
the  Capitol,  May  14,  1832,  by  Morgan  A.  Heard,  who 
fired  a  loaded  horse-pistol  at  him  (the  ball  grazing  his 
arm),  and  then  struck  him  with  a  bludgeon.  He  was 
again  elected,  without  opposition,  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1843.  Died  at  Campbell  Station,  Tennes 
see. 

Arlington,  H.  Archibald,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  4,813  votes  against  4,205  votes  for  Stanly, 
Whig;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  First  Confederate  Congress,  serving  from 
February,  1802,  to  February,  1804. 

Arthur,  William  E.,  was  born  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  March  3,  1825.  His  parents  removed  when  he 
was  a  child  to  Covington,  Kentucky,  where  he  was 
educated;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1850,  and  has  since  practised  at  Covington;  was 
Commonwealth's  attorney  for  the  Ninth  Judicial  Dis 
trict  of  Kentucky,  1850-1802;  was  a  candidate  for 
presidential  elector  on  the  Breckinridge  and  Lane 
ticket  in  1800;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Ninth,  after 
wards  the  Twelfth,  Judicial  Circuit  in  1866,  for  a  full 
term  of  six  years,  but  resigned  in  two  years;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,213 
votes  against  4,578  votes  for  Thomas  Wrightson,  Re 
publican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,424  votes  against 
6,564  votes  for  II.  Myers,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875;  resumed  the  prac 
tice  of  law  at  Covington. 

Ash,  Michael  WM  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Ashe,  John  Baptiste  (a  son  of  Governor  Sam 
uel  Ashe),  was  born  at  Halifax,  North  Carolina,  in 
1748;  entered  the  Continental  army  in  1776  as  cap 
tain,  and  served  through  the  Revolutionary  war,  at 
taining  the  rank  of  colonel,  and  especially  dis 
tinguishing  himself  at  the  battle  of  Eutaw;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Caro 
lina  in  1786,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1789  and  1795; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1787, 
1788;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Second 
Congress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  until  March 
2,  1793;  was  elected  governor  of  North  Carolina  in 


1801,  but  died  before  his  inauguration,  at  Halifax, 
November  27,  1802. 

Ashe,  John  B.  (a  son  of  John  Baptiste  Ashe), 
was  born  at  Halifax,  North  Carolina;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  removed  to  Tennessee,  and  practised  there 
with  great  success;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,457  votes  against  5,274  votes  for  Frederick 
P.  Stanton,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December 
4, 1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  removed  to  Harris  County, 
Texas,  where  he  died  in  January,  1858. 

Ashe,  Thomas  Samuel,  was  born  in  Orange 
County,  North  Carolina;  was  prepared  for  college  at 
the  classical  school  of  W.  T.  Bingham,  in  Hills- 
borough,  North  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  North  Carolina  in  1832;  studied  law,  and 
has  ever  since  pursued  that  profession;  was  elected 
in  1842  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  the 
legislature  of  North  Carolina  from  the  county  of 
Anson;  was  elected  in  1847  by  the  legislature  solicit 
or  of  the  Fifth  Judicial  District  of  North  Carolina, 
and  served  in  that  capacity  for  four  years;  was 
elected  in  1854  to  the  Senate  of  the  State  legislature 
from  the  counties  of  Anson  and  Union ;  was  elected 
in  1861  to  the  House  of  Representatives  of  the  Con 
federate  States,  and  to  the  Senate  of  the  Confederate 
Congress  in  1864;  was  one  of  the  councillors  of 
state  during  the  administration  of  Governor  Jona 
than  Worth  in  1860 ;  was  the  Conservative  candidate 
for  governor  in  1868,  but  was  defeated ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  of  the  United  States,  as  a  Conserva 
tive,  by  a  majority  of  2,149  votes  over  O.  II.  Dock- 
ery,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a  majority 
of  5,930  votes  over  C.  C.  Davidson,  Independent, 
serving  from  December  6,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Ashe,  "William  S.  (son  of  John  Baptiste  Ashe), 
was  born  at  Wilmington,  North  Carolina;  received  a 
liberal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wilmington ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  North  Carolina 
in  1846  and  1848 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,128  votes  against  2,813  votes 
for  Reid,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  without  opposition,  serving  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Ashley,  Chester,  was  born  at  Westfield,  Massa 
chusetts,  June  1,  1790;  was  taken  when  young  to 
Hudson,  New  York,  where  he  received  a  liberal 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  in  1817  removed  to  Illinois,  where  he  com 
menced  practice;  removed  in  1819  to  Little  Rock; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Arkansas 
in  1844,  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  William  S.  Ful 
ton,  Democrat,  deceased),  and  re-elected  for  six 
years  in  1846,  defeating  Archibald  Yell,  and  serving 
from  December  4,  1844,  until  his  death,  at  Washing 
ton,  April  29,  1848. 

Ashley,  Delos  B.,  was  born  at  the  Post,  Ar 
kansas,  February  19,  1828;  received  an  academic 
education?  studied  and  practised  law;  went  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1849;  was  district  attorney  in  1851,  1852, 
and  1853;  was  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of  Cali 
fornia  in  1854  and  1855 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  California  in  1856  and  1857;  was  State 
treasurer  of  California  in  1862  and  1863;  went  to 
Nevada  in  1864,  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Nevada  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  3,691  votes  against  2,215  votes  for 
II.  K.  Mitchell,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  5,040  votes  against 
4.295  votes  for  Mitchell,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Ashley,  Henry,  was  born  in  Cheshire  County, 
New  Hampshire;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Catskill ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Nine- 


264 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December,  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1355. 

Ashley,  James  M.,  was  born  near  Pittsburg, 
Pennsylvania,  November  14, 1824;  was  self-educated ; 
went  to  the  West,  and  there  acted  as  clerk,  and 
learned  the  art  of  printing;  edited  "The  Dispatch," 
and  afterwards  "  The  Democrat,"  at  Portsmouth, 
Ohio ;  studied  law,  but  did  not  practise,  engagi  ig  in 
boat-building,  and  subsequently  in  the  drug-bu-iness 
at  Toledo;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,532  votes  against  9,986  votes  for  Mungen,  Demo 
crat;  was  successively  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a  Pie- 
publican,  receiving  14,873  votes  against  12,956  votes 
for  Commager,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  governor  of  Montana 
Territory  1869  and  1870;  was  the  Republican  candi 
date  for  the  Forty-first  Congress,  and  was  defeated, 
receiving  14,595  votes  against  15,507  votes  for  T.  II. 
Hoag,  Democrat. 

Ashley,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Powhatan 
County,  Virginia,  in  1778;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Missouri  (then  Upper  Louisi 
ana)  in«180S;  was  a  successful  Indian  trader,  and 
dealer  in  furs;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Illinois  in 
1820;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  on  a  general 
ticket,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  near  Boonville,  Mis 
souri,  March  26,  1838. 

Ashmore,  John  D.,  was  born  in  Greenville 
District,  South  Carolina,  August  7,  1819;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  clerk  in  a  store;  taught 
school ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
never  practised;  became  a  planter;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1848,  1850, 
and  1852;  was  comptroller-general  of  the  State 
1853-1857;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  State- 
rights  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
until  he  withdrew,  December  21,  1860,  his  State  hav 
ing  seceded;  served  in  the  Confederate  army;  com 
mitted  suicide  by  blowing  out  his  brains  at  Sardis, 
Mississippi,  December  6,  1871. 

Ashraun,  Eli  Porter,  was  born  at  Blandford, 
Massachusetts,  June  24,  1770;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Middlebury  College  in 
1807;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Blandford  until  1807;  was  several  times 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Massachusetts  to  succeed  Christopher  Gore,  serving 
from  December  2,  1816,  to  May,  1818,  when  he  re 
signed;  died  at  Northampton,  Massachusetts,  May 
10,  1819. 

Ashmun,  George,  was  born  at  Blandford, 
Massachusetts,  December  25,  1804 ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1823; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Springfield  in  1828 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1833, 
1835,  1836,  1838,  and  1841,  serving  the  last  year  as 
speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Whig ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving 
6,228  votes  against  4,425  votes  for  Tabor,  Democrat, 
and  1,158  scattering ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  was  president  of  the  National  Repub 
lican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1860;  was  a  govern 
ment  director  in  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad;  died  at 
Springfield,  Massachusetts,  July  10,  1870. 

Asper,  Joel  P.,  was  born  in  Adams  County, 
Pennsylvania,  April  20,  1822;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Ohio  in  1827;  worked  on  a  farm  and  at 
tended  school  alternately;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1814;  was  elected  a  justice  of 


the  peace  in  1846;  in  1847,  a  prosecuting  attorney 
for  his  county ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Buffalo  Con 
vention  of  1848;  editor  of  "The  Western-Reserve 
Chronicle"  in  1849,  and  of  "The  Chardon  Demo 
crat"  in  1850;  in  1861  he  raised  a  company,  serving 
at  the  battle  of  Winchester,  where  he  was  wounded ; 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel  in 
1862;  and,  in  1863,  he  was  mustered  out  of  service 
"  on  account  of  wounds  received  in  action;"  in  the 
latter  year  he  organized  a  regiment  of  national 
guards,  and  commanded  it  at  the  battle  of  Kellar's 
Bridge  in  1864.  He  removed  to  Chillicothe,  Mis 
souri,  where  he  practised  law  with  success  in  18(54, 
and,  in  1866,  commenced  the  publication  of  "The 
Spectator;"  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  Conven 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a  Radical  Republican, 
receiving  15,272  votes  against  8,029  votes  for  Oliver, 
Democrat  and  Old-Line  Whig,  and  serving  from 
March  4,  18(59,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Atchison,  David  R.,  was  born  at  Frogtown, 
Kentucky,  August  11,  1807;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Missouri  in  1830 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature  in  1834  and  1838;  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  Platte-county  Circuit  Court 
in  1841;  was  appointed  United-States  senator  from 
Missouri,  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  Lewis  F.  Linn, 
deceased);  and  was  subsequently  elected  and  re- 
elected,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1855 ;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits. 

Atherton,  Charles  Gordon  (son  of  Charles 
Humphrey  Atherton),  was  born  at  Amherst,  New 
Hampshire,  July  4,  1804;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  gradiiating  at  Harvard  College  in  1822;  studied 
law  under  Charles  II.  Atherton  (his  father) ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Dunstablc  (now  Nashua);  was  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives, 
serving  three  years  as  speaker ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  as  a 
Democrat,  on  general  tickets ;  and  was  elected  to  the 
United-States  Senate  in  1843,  serving  from  Septem 
ber  4,  1837,  until  March  3,  1849  (Moses  Norris,  jun., 
was  chosen  to  succeed  him) ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  in  1852,  defeating  Ira  Per- 
ley,  Whig,  and  John  P.  Hale,  Free-soil  Democrat; 
and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  he  was  stricken 
with  paralysis  in  court;  and  died  at  Manchester, 
New  Hampshire.  November  15,  1853. 

Atherton,  Charles  Humphrey  (father  of 
Charles  Gordon  Atherton),  was  born  at  Amherst, 
New  Hampshire,  August  14, 1773;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1794; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Amherst  in  1797 ;  was  register  of 
probate,  1798-1837 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  as  a 
Federalist,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  until 
March  3,  1817;  declined  a  re-election;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1823-1838 
and  1839;  wrote  several  valuable  historical  articles; 
and  died  suddenly  of  pneumonia  at  Amherst,  New 
Hampshire,  January  8,  1853. 

Atkins,  John  D.  C.,  was  born  in  Henry 
County,  Tennessee,  June  4,  1825;  received  a  good, 
early  education,  and  graduated  at  the  East-Tennessee 
University  in  1846;  studied  law;  is  a  farmer;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1849  and  in  1851;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  of  Tennessee  in  1855;  was  chosen  a 
presidential  elector  in  1856;  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Congress  cf 
the  United  States  in  1857;  was  on  the  Breckinridge 
electoral  ticket  in  1860;  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Fifth  Tennessee  Regiment  in  the  Confederate  army 
in  1861;  was  elected  to  the  Confederate  Provisional 
Congress  in  August,  1861 ;  was  re-elected  in  Novem 
ber,  1861,  and  again  elected  in  November,  1863 ;  was 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


265 


elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  of  the  United  States,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  11,411  votes  against  7,734  votes  for  W.  W. 
Murray,  Republican,  and  1,309  votes  for  W.  E.  Tra 
vis,  Independent  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,4-1(3  votes 
against  4,789  votes  for  T.  C.  Muse,  Republican. 

Atkinson,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Isle  of 
Wight  County,  Virginia,  September  13, 1792 ;  received 
a  liberal  education;  studied  law,  completing  his 
studies  at  the  law  school  of  William  and  Mary  Col 
lege  ;  served  in  the  war  of  1S12,  and  was  at  the  battle 
of  Crany  Island;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  at 
Smithfield ;  served  several  years  in  the  State  Senate 
and  House  of  Delegates ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  1,789  votes  against  1,784  votes 
for  Langhorne,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  receiving  2,238  votes  against  2.100  votes 
for  Watts,  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1849 ;  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  Isle  of 
Wight  County;  and  died  at  Smithfield,  Virginia, 
January  10,  1872. 

Atlee,  Samuel  John,  was  born  in  1738 ;  com 
manded  a  company  of  Pennsylvania  rangers  in  the 
French  war,  and  a  battalion  of  Pennsylvania  conti 
nentals  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  was  taken  pris 
oner  by  the  British  at  the  battle  of  Long  Island ;  was 
a  commissioner  to  treat  with  the  Indians;  was  a 
delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1778-1782;  and  died  at  Philadelphia  No 
vember  7,  178G. 

Atwood,  David,  was  born  in  Bedford,  New 
Hampshire,  December  15,  1815 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education,  and  became  an  apprentice  to  the 
printing  business  in  Hamilton,  New  York,  in  1832 ; 
was  for  twenty-three  years  editor  and  publisher  of 
"  The  State  Journal  "  at  Madison,  Wisconsin;  was  a 
member  of  the  legislature  in  1851,  United-States 
assessor  for  four  years,  and  mayor  of  Madison  in 
1808;  was  elected  a  representative  for  Wisconsin  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  without 
organized  opposition,  to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  B.  F.  Hopkins;  and  served  from  1870 
to  March  3,  1871. 

Austin,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Buckingham 
County,  Virginia,  August  11,  1772 ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  a  practice  in  his  native  county 
which  was  successfully  extended  over  forty  years; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  John 
Randolph  of  Roanoke,  and  served  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  re-election  by  Mr.  Randolph  by  490  majority;  was 
subsequently  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  of  Virginia,  and,  so  aggravated  a  chronic 
lung  complaint,  while  serving  in  1835  and  1830,  that 
he  died  at  his  residence  in  Buckingham  County, 
Virginia,  October  10,  1837. 

Averett,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,113 
votes  against  2,105  votes  for  Flournoy,  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  1,450  votes  against  1,200  votes  for  Flournoy, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1853. 

Aver  ill,  John  T.,  was  born  at  Alna,  Maine, 
March  1,  1825;  received  a  common-school  and  aca 
demic  education,  and  completed  his  studies  at  the 
Maine  Weslcyan  University;  removed  to  St.  Paul. 
Minnesota ;  was  a  manufacturer ;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  of  Minnesota  in  1858  and  1859;  entered 
the  Union  army  in  August,  1802,  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Sixth  Minnesota  Infantry,  and  was 
mustered  out  in  November,  1805,  as  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,133  votes  against 


14,491  votes  for  Ignatius  Donnelly,  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
19, 182  votes  against  10,841  votes  for^G.  L.  Becker, 
Democrat. 

^  Avery,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Cayuga  County, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  by  a  majority  of 
2,027 ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1815; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Enos  T. 
Throop,  serving  from  December  3,  1810,  to  March  3, 
1817 ;  and  died  at  Aurora,  New  York. 

Avery,  William  T.,  was  born  in  Maury  County, 
Tennessee,  November  11,  1819;  received  an  academic 
education  by  his  own  exertions;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  was  a  successful  practitioner; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Tennessee 
in  1843;  was  elected  a  representative  in  Congress 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  0,000  votes  against  5,707  votes 
for  Stevens,  American;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,954  votes  against 
5,048  votes  for  Sneed,  Opposition,  and  230  votes  for 
Currin,  Independent. 

Axtell,  Samuel  B.,  was  born  in  Franklin 
County,  Ohio,  October  14, 1819;  was  a  student  at  the 
Western-Reserve  College,  Ohio;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  removed  to  California,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  San  Francisco;  was  elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  18,793 
votes  against  13,989  votes  for  Phclps,  Union  Repub 
lican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  23,032  votes  against  20,081  votes  for  Pix- 
ley,  Republican. 

Aycrigg,  John  B.,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York;  removed  to  Pyramus,  New  Jersey;  Avas  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  on  general  ticket,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  claimed  to  have 
been  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  on  gen 
eral  ticket,  receiving  28,294  votes,  and  received  the 
certificate  of  the  governor,  with  the  "broad  seal"  of 
the  State  of  New  Jersey  (but  the  House  refused  to 
admit  him  and  his  Whig  colleagues,  and  admitted 
their  Democratic  competitors);  Avas  again  elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  May  3,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Ayer,  Richard  S.,  Avas  born  in  Waldo  County, 
Maine,  October  9,  1829;  received  a  common-school 
education;  Avas  engaged  for  a  number  of  years  in 
agricultural  and  mercantile  pursuits ;  at  the  breaking- 
out  of  the  Rebellion,  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the 
Fourth  Maine  Volunteers,  and  Avas  promoted  to  a 
captaincy,  which  position  he  held  for  three  years, 
serving  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Seven  Pines, 
and  Malvern  Hill;  in  1805,  he  removed  to  Virginia; 
in  1807,  he  Avas  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Virginia 
Constitutional  Convention;  and  he  Avas  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,023  A-otes  against 
7,377  for  Segar,  Conservative,  5,050  for  Lewis,  Con 
servative,  and  0,525  for  Norton,  Independent  Re 
publican. 

Babcock,  Alfred,  was  born  in  the  State  of  NCAV 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  AA*as  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  K  CAV  York  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,524  votes 
against  4,309  A-otes  for  S.  M.  Burroughs,  Van  Burcn 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March 
3,  1843. 

Babbitt,  Elijah,  Avas  born  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  in  1790;  received  an  academic  education;  re 
moved  to  Pennsylvania,  Avhere  he  studied  laAv;  Avas 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Erie;  Avas  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1830  and  1837,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1844  and  1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a 


266 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Unionist,  receiving  6,360  votes  against  4,113  votes 
for  Marshall,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,705  votes  against  5,551  votes  for  Wilson,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  5, 1859,  to  March  4,  1861. 

Babcock,  Leander,  was  born  in  New  York; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,423  votes  against  7,136  votes  for  Williams,  Whig, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Babcock,  William,  was  born  in  New  York; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1831,  to  March  3,  1833. 

Bacon,  Ezekiel,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  September  1,  1776;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1794;  studied  law 
at  the  Litchfield  Law  School,  and  afterwards  with 
Nathan  Dane  at  Beverly ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Stockbridge,  Massachu 
setts;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1806 
and  1807 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth,  the  Eleventh,  and  the 
Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  26,  1807, 
to  March  3,  1813;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  for  the  Western  District  of  Massa 
chusetts  ;  was  comptroller  of  the  United-States  Treas 
ury  from  February  11,  1814,  to  February  28,  1815; 
removed  to  Utica,  New  York,  in  1816;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  of  New  York;  was  judge  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1821;  was  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
but  was  defeated  by  Henry  11.  Storrs;  and  died  at 
Utica,  October  18,  1870. 

Bacon,  John,  was  born  at  Canterbury,  Connec 
ticut,  in  1737;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Princeton  College  in  1765;  studied  theology; 
preached  in  Somerset  County,  Maryland,  in  1768, 
and  was  settled  over  the  Old  South  Church,  Boston, 
September  25,  1771 ;  was  dismissed  February  8,  1775, 
owing  to  differences  of  opinion  with  his  church,  and 
removed  to  Stockbridge,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives, 
and  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to 
March  3,  1803;  and  died  at  Stockbridge,  Massachu 
setts,  October  25,  1820. 

Bacon,  William  Johnson,  was  born  at  Wil- 
liamstown,  Massachusetts,  February  18,  1803;  re 
moved  to  Utica,  New  Y"ork,  in  1814;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Hamilton  College 
in  1822;  commenced  the  study  of  law  the  same  year 
in  the  office  of  General  Joseph  Kirkland,  at  Utica, 
and  completed  it  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School  in 
1824;  was  appointed  corporation  counsel  of  Utica  in 
1837 ;  was  a  member  of  the  New- York  House  of  As 
sembly  in  1850;  was  elected  in  1853  a  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  for  eight  years,  and  in  1861  was  re- 
elected  for  another  term  of  eight  years ;  was  elected 
a  trustee  of  Hamilton  College  in  1851 ;  and  was 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  13,799  votes  against  13,069  votes  for  Scott 
Lord,  Democrat. 

Badger,  George  Edmund,  was  born  at  New- 
berne,  North  Carolina,  April  13,  1795;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1813;  studied  law  with  John  Stanly;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Newberne; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1816;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Superior 
Court  in  1820,  and  served  until  he  resigned  in  1825 ; 
was  appointed  secretary  of  the  navy  by  President 
Harrison,  March  5,  1841;  and  was  re-appointed  by 
President  Tyler,  but  resigned  September  13,  1841; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  in  1846  (to  fill  a 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  11.  Hey- 
wood),  as  a  Whig,  and  re-elected  in  1849,  serving 


from  December  14, 1846,  to  March  3, 1855 ;  was  nomi 
nated  as  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  by  President 
Fillmore  in  1851 ,  but  was  not  confirmed  by  the  Senate ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Convention  of  1861,  and 
spoke  in  defence  of  the  Union;  died  at  Raleigh, 
North  Carolina,  May  11,  1865. 

Badger,  Luther,  was  born  at  Partridgefield, 
Massachusetts,  April  10,  1785;  was  taken  to  New 
York  by  his  father  in  1786 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Hamilton  College  in  1807; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and 
became  a  successful  practitioner;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  until  March  3, 
1827;  resumed  practice  in  1832;  was  examiner  in 
chancery,  and  commissioner  of  United-States  loans, 
1840-1843;  was  United-States  attorney  for  the  d's- 
trict  of  New  York  1843-1849. 

Baer,  George,  jun.,  was  born  at  Frederick, 
Maryland;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
a  merchant  and  a  manufacturer ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Fifth  Congress; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving 
from  May  15,  1797,  until  March  3,  1801 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  at  Fred- 
crick,  Maryland. 

Bagby,  Arthur  P.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1794;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  removed  to  Alabama,  where 
he  commenced  practice  in  1818;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1820-1822;  was 
governor  of  Alabama  1837-1841;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Alabama  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  C.  C.  Clay),  as  a  Demo 
crat  (defeating  David  Moore),  and  serving  from 
December  27,  1841,  until  he  resigned,  June  16,  1848, 
to  accept  the  appointment  from  President  Polk  of 
minister  to  Russia,  which  he  held  until  May,  1849; 
was  a  commissioner  to  revise  the  Code  of  Alabama; 
died  at  Mobile,  Alabama,  September  21,  1858. 

Bagby,  John  C.,  was  born  at  Glasgow,  Ken 
tucky,  January  24, 1819;  was  educated  in  the  schools 
of  Barren  County,  Kentucky;  graduated  as  a  civil 
engineer  at  Bacon  College,  Harrodsburg,  in  June, 
1840;  studied  law  with  Hon.  Christopher  Tompkins; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  March,  1845,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Rushville  in  April,  1846;  never 
held  a  public  office  of  any  kind  until  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,784  votes  against 
8,825  votes  for  Henderson  Ritchie,  Republican,  and 
serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Bagley,  George  A.,  was  born  at  Watertown, 
New  Y'ork,  July  22,  1826;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1847,  and  practised  for  six  years,  when  he  engaged 
in  the  manufacture  of  iron,  which  he  still  continues; 
was  president  of  the  village  of  Watertown  in  1866, 
and  supervisor  of  the  town  of  Watertown  in  18C5, 
1866,  1867,  and  1868;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  14,391  votes  against  13,255 
votes  for  Martin  L.  Graves,  Granger,  Liberal,  and 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,391  votes  against  13,255  votes  for 
Martin  L.  Graves,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Bagley,  John  H.,  jun.,  was  born  at  Hudson, 
New  York,  November  26,  1832;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  at  the  age  of  nineteen  went  to 
California,  where  he  was  engaged  in  mining  and  in 
selling  goods ;  on  his  return  he  engaged  in  steamboat- 
ing  on  the  Hudson  River,  and  was  a  merchant  at 
Catskill;  served  as  supervisor  of  the  town  four  terms; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
16,205  votes  against  12,700  votes  for  Seymour  L. 
Stcbbins,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December 
6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Baily,  Joseph,  was  born   on  the  Brandywine 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


267 


battle-ground,  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  March 
18,  1810 ;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  (Senate  and  House  from  Chester 
County  1839-1845,  and  from  Perry  County  1850- 
1854;  was  treasurer  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania 
1854;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  12,069  votes  against  11,712  votes  for  Junkin, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  as  a  War  Democrat,  receiving  11,905  votes 
against  9,746  votes  for  Glosbrenncr,  Independent 
Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1865. 

Bailey,  Alexander  H.,  was  born  at  Minisink, 
New  York,  August  14,  1817 ;  received  a  classical  ed 
ucation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College;  studied 
and  practised  law;  was  examiner  in  chancery  in 
Greene  County  in  1840,  1841,  and  1842;  was  justice 
of  the  peace  in  the  town  of  Catskill  for  four  years; 
was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State 
of  New  York  in  1849;  was  county  judge  of  Greene 
County  for  four  years  from  1851 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1801, 1862,  1863,  and  1864;  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  resignation  of  Roscoe  Conkling),  receiving 
about  670  majority  over  F.  Stryker,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
12,543  votes  against  11,240  votes  for  Spriggs,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  November  30,  1867,  to  March 
3,  1871 ;  died  at  Home,  New  York,  April  20,  1874. 

Bailey,  David  J.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
5,232  votes  against  5,227  votes  for  Trippe,  Whig, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Bailey,  Goldsmith  P.,  was  born  at  Westmore 
land,  New  Hampshire,  July  17,  1823.  An  orphan 
when  two  years  of  age,  he  earned  a  public-school 
education.  In  1839  he  began  to  learn  the  art  of  print 
ing,  and  became  the  assistant  printer  and  editor  of  a 
country  newspaper;  commenced  the  stxidy  of  law  in 
1845  with  Torrey  &  Wood  of  Fitchburg,  and  when 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1848,  was  received 
into  that  firm;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1856,  and  a  State  senator  in  1858 
and  1800;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  9,745  votes  against  7,949  votes  for  E. 
Thayer,  Independent  Republican,  and  serving  from 
July  4,  1801,  until  April,  1802,  when  his  health  forced 
him  to  return  home.  He  died  of  consumption,  at 
Fitchburg,  Massachusetts,  May  8,  1802. 

Bailey,  James  E.,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Tennessee,  August  15, 1822 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education  at  the  Clarksville  Academy  and  at  the 
University  of  Nashville ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Clarksville  in 
1843 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  as  a  Whig,  in  1853;  was  not  an  original  seces 
sionist,  but  served  in  the  Confederate  army;  was 
appointed  by  the  governor  of  Tennessee  to  sit  on  the 
Court  of  Arbitration  in  1874;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Tennessee  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
cavised  by  the  death  of  Andrew  Johnson,  which  had 
been  filled,  by  appointment,  by  D.  M.  Key),  and  took 
his  seat  January  29;  1877. 

Bailey,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Little  Compton, 
Rhode  Island;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Brown  University;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  atWiscasset, 
Maine ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1811-1814;  was  a  judge  of  probate  1814- 
1835;  was  a  candidate  for  Congress,  and  was  de 
feated,  in  1825;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
defeating  Edward  Kavanagh,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  7, 1835,  to  March  3, 1837 ;  was  defeated 
as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 


by  Jonathan  Cilley,  Democrat ;  was  collector  of  cus 
toms  atWiscasset  1849-1853;  and  died  at  Wiscasset 
July  7,  1853. 

Bailey,  John,  was  born  in  Norfolk  County, 
Massachusetts ;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Brown  University  in  1807;  was  a  tutor  in 
Brown  University  1808-1814;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1815-1810;  was  a 
clerk  in  the  Department  of  State  from  October  1, 
1817,  to  October  23, 1823 ;  was  elected  on  the  eighth 
day  of  September,  1823,  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  as  an  Adams 
man.  A  protest  was  filed  against  his  election  on  the 
ground  that  he  was  not  an  inhabitant  of  the  district, 
and  the  House  decided,  March  18,  1824,  that  he  was 
not  entitled  to  a  seat;  was  again  elected,  receiving 
1,001  votes,  being  two  more  than  a  majority  of  all  the 
votes  cast,  and  was  subsequently  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth,  the  Twentieth,  and  the  Twenty-first 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  6, 1824,  to  March 
3,  1831 ;  died  at  Dorchester,  Massachusetts,  June  20, 
1835. 

Bailey,  Theodorus,  was  born  in  Dutchess 
County,  New  York,  June  11,  1752;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Third  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1793,  to  March  3, 
1797 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1799,  until  March  3,  1803;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  New  York,  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  until  January  10,  1804,  when  he 
resigned,  to  accept  the  position  of  postmaster  at  the 
city  of  New  York,  which  he  held  until  his  death 
there,  September  6,  1828. 

Baker,  Caleb,  was  born  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island ;  removed  to  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly  there  for  four  years;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Con- 
ress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3. 
1821. 

Baker,  David  Jewett,  was  born  at  East  Had- 
dam,  Connecticut,  September  7,  1792;  received  a 
public-school  education;  removed  with  his  parents 
to  Ontario  County,  New  York,  where  he  worked  on 
a  farm,  and  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1819,  and  commenced  practice  at  Kaskaria,  Illinois ; 
was  prominent  in  State  politics,  especially  in  his  op 
position  to  a  constitutional  amendment  sanctioning 
slavery,  proposed  in  1823;  was  probate  judge  of  Ran 
dolph  County;  was  appointed  to  the  United-States 
Senate  November  12,  1830,  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  McLean),  and 
served  from  December  6, 1830,  until  January  4, 1831 ; 
died  at  Alton,  Illinois,  August  6,  1809. 

Baker,  Edward  Dickinson,  was  born  at  Lon 
don,  England,  February  24,  1811;  was  brought  to  the 
United  States  in  1815  by  his  father,  who  first  settled 
in  Philadelphia  as  a  weaver,  and  taught  the  boy  that 
trade ;  in  1825  the  family  removed  to  Illinois,  where 
the  boy  attended  public  school.  He  then  studied 
law,  and  served  as  a  private  in  the  Black-Hawk  war. 
Admitted  to  the  bar  in  Greene  County,  he  commenced 
practice  at  Springfield;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
[louse  of  Representatives  in  1837,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1840-1844;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  until  Decem 
ber  30,  1846,  when  he  resigned,  having  previously 
>een  commissioned  as  colonel  of  the  Fourth  Regiment 
of  Illinois  Volunteers.  Serving  in  the  war  against 
Mexico,  he  participated  in  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz, 
and  commanded  a  brigade  at  Cerro  Gordo ;  removed 
after  the  war  to  Galena,  Illinois,  and  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  10,325 
votes  against  9,302  votes  for  Wells,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
declined  a  re-election;  removed  to  California  in  1851, 
and  practised;  removed  to  Oregon  in  1861,  and  was 
lected  a  United-States  senator  from  that  State, 


268 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


taking  Ins  seat  December  5,  18GO;  raised  a  regiment 
of  California  volunteers  in  New  York  and  Philadel 
phia  at  the  breaking-out  of  the  civil  war,  and  took 
the  field'  as  its  colonel ;  commanded  a  brigade  at  the 
battle  of  Ball's  Bluff,  where  he  was  killed,  October 
21,1801. 

Baker,  Ezra,  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  and  was 
elected  a  representative  in  Congress  from  that  State 
in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Baker,  Jehu,  was  born  in  Fayette  County,  Ken 
tucky,  November  4,  1822;  received  an  academic 
education ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Union  .Republican,  receiving  11,817  votes 
against  11,741  votes  for  W.  R.  Morrison,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a 
Union  Eepublican,  receiving  13,032  votes  against 
11,956  for  Morrison,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Baker,  John,  was  a  native  of  Virginia;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  as  a 
Federalist,  receiving  111  majority  over  Daniel  Mor 
gan,  Democrat,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to 
March  3,  1813 ;  resumed  practice ;  died  at  Shepherds- 
town,  Virginia,  August  18,  1833. 

Baker,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Parma  Township, 
New  York,  February  28,  1832 ;  removed  at  an  early 
age  with  his  parents  to  the  present  county  of  Fulton, 
Ohio,  where  he  assisted  in  such  farm-labor  as  is  inci 
dent  to  early  pioneer  life  until  less  than  a  year  before 
attaining  his  majority.  His  early  education  while  at 
home  was  limited  to  the  brief  winter  terms  of  a  new 
and  sparsely-settled  country.  He  afterward  taught 
school,  and  attended  the  Wesleyan  University  at 
Delaware,  Ohio,  completing  the  first  two  years  of  the 
college  course ;  studied  law  at  Adrian,  Michigan;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1857 
at  Goshen,  Indiana;  has  been  constantly  engaged  in 
practice  until  his  election  to  Congress,  having  pre 
viously  held  no  office;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  lie- 
publican,  receiving  13,071  votes  against  13,013  votes 
for  Freeman  Kelley,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,481  votes 
against  10,273  votes  for  Freeman  Kelley,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  0,  1875. 

Baker,  Osmyn,  was  born  at  Amherst,  Massa 
chusetts,  May  18,  1800;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1822;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  1853- 
1854 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  decease  of  James  C.  Alvord),  as  a 
Whig,  the  House  rejecting  a  protest  against  his  elec 
tion  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  and  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2, 1839,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  elected 
State  councillor  1853-1854. 

Baker,  Stephen,  was  born  in  New- York  City 
August  12,  1819;  received  a  public-school  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  amassed  consider 
able  wealth,  and  retired  in  1849  to  a  country-seat 
near  Poughkeepsie ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  lie- 
publican,  receiving  11,795  votes  against  10,514  votes 
for  Wager,  Fusion  Democrat,  and  378  votes  for  Over- 
heiser,  Breckinridge  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1803.  He  was  travelling  on  the 
Union  Pacific  Railroad,  and  died  suddenly  as  the 
train  was  approaching  Ogden,  June  9,  1875. 

Baker,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Lenox,  New 
York,  January  17,  1827;  removed  with  his  father  to 
Oswego  County,  New  York,  in  1829;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1851 ;  located  at  Constantia,  and  practised 
there ;  was  elected  district  attorney  in  1802,  and  re- 


elected  in  I860,  acting  as  district  attorney  of  Oswego 
County  from  January,  1803,  to  January,  1870;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,li9 
votes  against  11,109  votes  for  A.  S.  Warner,  Republi 
can,  Independent,  and  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,555  votes 
against  11,708  votes  for  Bond,  Democrat  and  Pro 
hibitionist,  and  550  votes  for  Richardson,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  0,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Baldwin,  Abraham  (half-brother  to  Henry 
Baldwin),  was  born  at  Guilford,  Connecticut,  No 
vember  0,  1754;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1772 ;  was  a  tutor  of 
mathematics  there  until  1777,  studying  theology,  and 
served  as  chaplain  in  the  Revolutionary  army  1777- 
1783;  removed  to  Savannah;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  there ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1784;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1785-1788;  was  a  member  of 
the  United-States  Constitutional  Convention;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  First 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Second,  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving 
from  April  20,  1789,  to  March  3,  1799 ;  was  chosen  a 
United-States  senator  from  Georgia,  serving  from 
December  2,  1799;  was  elected  president  pro  tcmpore 
of  -the  Senate  December  7,  1801,  and  April  17,  1802, 
until  he  died,  at  Washington  City,  March  4, 1807. 

Baldwin,  Augustus  C.,  was  born  at  Salina, 
New  York,  December  24,  1817;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1837; 
taught  school ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1842,  and  commenced  practice  in  Oakland  County, 
Michigan;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in 
1844  and  1840;  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  Oak 
land  County  in  1853  and  1854;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention,  which  met  at 
Charlestown  and  at  Baltimore  in  1800 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Michigan  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  as  a  Union  Democrat,  receiving  10,090  votes 
against  10, 432  votes  f or  li.  E.  Trowbridge,  Republican, 
and  serving  from  December  7,  18(53,  to  March  3,  1805 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,937  votes  against 
12,047  votes  for  R.  E.  Trowbridge,  Republican, 
and  contested  the  scat,  on  the  ground,  that,  by  an 
act  of  the  legislature  of  Michigan,  soldiers  had  been 
permitted  to  vote  outside  of  the  State;  but  the  House, 
by  a  vote  of  108  yeas  against  30  nays,  decided  that 
Mr.  Trowbridge  should  retain  the  seat ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Chi 
cago  in  1804,  and  the  Peace  Convention  at  Phila 
delphia  in  1800. 

Baldwin,  Henry  (half-brother  of  Abraham 
Baldwin),  was  born  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  in 
1779;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1797;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  settled  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  defeating  S.  Douglas,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  until  he  resigned  in  1822; 
was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  United-States  Supreme 
Court,  and  served  until  he  died,  at  Philadelphia, 
April  21,  1844.  He  was  the  author  of  "  A  General 
View  of  the  Origin  and  Nature  of  the  Constitution 
and  Government  of  the  United  States,"  published  at 
Philadelphia  in  1837. 

Baldwin,  John,  was  born  at  Windham,  Con 
necticut;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1809. 

Baldwin,  John  Denison,  was  born  at  North 
Stonington,  Connecticut,  September  28,  1810;  studied 
at  Yale  College;  studied  law,  but  never  practised; 
devoted  himself  to  literary  pursuits,  and  was  coil- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


269 


nected  editorially  with  the  press  until  he  became 
editor  and  proprietor  of  "  The  Worcester  Spy ; "  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,128  votes  against  5,178  votes  for  Whitin,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  12,935  votes  against  4,377  votes  for  Hodges, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,039  votes  against  1,901  votes  for 
Williams,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1803, 
to  March  3,  1809;  resumed  his  editorial  labors;  pub 
lished,  in  1847,  "Raymond  Hill  and  other  Poems," 
and  "  Pre-Historic  Nations." 

Baldwin,  Roger  Sherman  (son  of  Simeon 
Baldwin),  was  born  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut, 
January  4, 17U3;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Yale  College  in  1811;  studied  at  the  Litch- 
field  Law  School ;  was  'admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814, 
and  commenced  practice  at  New  Haven ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  in  1837,  and  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1840, 1841 ;  was  governor 
of  Connecticut  1844-184!) ;  was  appointed  by  the  gov 
ernor  of  Connecticut  United-States  senator  (to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  T.  W.  Hunting- 
ton),  as  a  Whig,  and  subsequently  elected  for  the 
remainder  of  Mr.  lluntington's  term,  serving  from 
December  7,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Baldwin,  Simeon  (father  of  RogerS.  Baldwin), 
was  born  at  Norwich,  Connecticut,  December  14, 
1701;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1781,  and  remaining  there  as  tutor 
1781-1780;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  New  Haven;  was  clerk  of  the 
District  and  Circuit  Courts  1790-1793;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  October  17,  1803, 
to  March  3,  1805 ;  was  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  1800-1817 ;  was  president  of  the  commission  to 
locate  the  Farmiugton  Canal  1S22-1S3J;  was  mayor 
of  New  Haven  in  1820;  and  died  at  New  Haven  May 
20,  1851. 

Ball,  Edward,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,101  votes  against  0,347 
votes  for  Gay,  Democrat,  and  189  votes  for  Blauchard, 
Free-Soiler;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,205  votes 
against  5,072  votes  for  Galigher,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5, 1853,  to  March  3, 1857 ;  was  elected 
sergeant-at-arms  of  the  House  of  Representatives  for 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  July  5, 
1801,  to  December  8,  1803. 

Ball,  William  Lee,  was  born  in  Lancaster 
County,  Virginia,  in  1779;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  until  his  death,  at  Washington  City,  February 
28,  1824. 

Ballou,  Latimer  W.,  was  born  at  Cumber 
land,  Rhode  Island,  March  1,  1812;  received  his  edu 
cation  at  the  public  schools  and  academies  in  the 
vicinity;  removed  to  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  in 
1828,  and  learned  the  art  of  printing  at  "  The  Uni 
versity  Press ;"  established  "  The  Cambridge  Press" 
in  1835,  and  continued  in  the  business  until  1842, 
when  he  removed  to  Woonsocket,  Rhode  Island,  and 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  chosen  in  1850 
cashier  of  the  Woonsocket-Falls  Bank,  and  treasurer 
of  the  Woonsockct  Institution  for  Savings,  which 
positions  he  has  retained  for  twenty-live  years ;  was 
active  in  the  organization  of  the  Republican  party, 
and  was  president  of  the  Fremont  Club  in  Woon- 
socket  in  1850;  was  presidential  elector  on  the  Lin 
coln  and  Ilamlin  ticket  in  1800;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Republican  Convention  which  nominated 
Grant  and  Wilson  at  Philadelphia  in  1872;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
2,302  votes  against  1,235  votes  for  Samuel  Rodman, 


Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Cor- 
gress,  receiving  7,179  votes  against  5,295  votes  for 
Page,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  G,  1875. 

Banister,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  classical  education  in  England,  and  studied  law  at 
the  Temple ;  returned  to  Virginia,  and  took  a  promi 
nent  part  in  the  anti-revolutionary  movements;  was 
a^colpnel  in  the  Virginia  line;  was  a  member  of  the 
Virginia  House  of  Representatives;  was  a  delegate 
from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress,  serving 
from  March  10, 1778,  to  September  24,  1778;  was  one 
of  the  framers  of  the  Articles  of  Confederation; 
served  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  Virginia  cavalry  in 
1781,  and  was  active  in  repelling  the  British  invaders ; 
and  died  near  Hatcher's  Run,  Dinwiddie  County, 
Virginia,  1787. 

Banks,  John,  was  born  in  Juniata  County, 
Pennsylvania,  October  17,  1793 ;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1819,  and  commenced  practice  in  Western  Pennsyl 
vania;  filled  several  local  oflices;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5, 
1831,  until  he  resigned  in  1830,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  Governor  Ritter  judge  of  the  Berks  Judi 
cial  District  (in  place  of  Garrick  Mallery,  resigned); 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1841,  receiving  113,573  votes  against 
130,570  votes  for  Porter,  Democrat;  was  State  treas 
urer  of  Pennsylvania  in  1847,  resigning  his  judgeship; 
resumed  practice  at  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  and  died 
there  April  3,  1804. 

Banks,  Linn,  was  born  in  Madison  County,  Vir 
ginia;  was  for  twenty  successive  years  speaker  of  the 
Virginia  House  of  Delegates,  an  office  for  which  he 
was  so  peculiarly  qualified  that  he  was  selected  to  fill 
it  in  all  the  mutations  of  party;  declined  further  ser 
vice  in  the  legislature  in  1838,  and  was  elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  John  M. 
Patton),  defeating  Mr.  Slaughter  by  13  majority;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
1,785  votes  against  1,390  votes  for  Slaughter;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
against  William  Smith,  also  a  Democrat,  who  suc 
cessfully  contested  the  election;  resigned  at  the  close 
of  the  extra  session,  having  served  from  May  19,  1838, 
to  September  13,  1841,  and  submitted  the  case  to  the 
voters  of  the  district,  who  elected  Smith  by  a  small 
majority;  was  thrown  from  his  horse  and  drowned 
while  attempting  to  ford  Conway  River,  January  14, 
1842. 

Banks,  Nathaniel  Prentiss,  was  born  at 
Waltham,  Massachusetts,  January  30, 1810 ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  was  a  factoiy  operative; 
became  a  newspaper  editor,  and  afterwards  studied 
law;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  legislature 
in  1849,  1850,  1851,  and  1852,  and  was  two  years 
speaker  of  the  House;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1851,  but,  being  a  member  of  the  House, 
declined;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  Massachusetts  in  1853,  and  was  chosen  its 
president ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a  Coali 
tion  Democrat,  on  the  second  trial ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  an  American,  receiv 
ing  9,050  votes  against  2,707  votes  for  L.  V.  Bell, 
Whig,  and  715  votes  for  B.  Buckman,  Democrat; 
was  elected  speaker  of  the  House  after  a  protracted 
contest;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,814  votes  against 
4,593  votes  for  Isaac  II.  Wright,  Democrat,  and 
2,049  votes  for  Isaac  Story,  American,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  until  December  4,  1857,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  elected  governor  of  Massachu 
setts;  served  as  governor  from  January,  1858,  until 
January,  1801;  was  president  of  the  Illinois  Central 
Railroad;  entered  the  Union  army  as  major-general 
of  volunteers  in  1801,  and  served  throughout  the 


270 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


•war;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of 
D.  W.  Gooch),  as  a  Union  Republican,  receiving 
8,123  votes  against  1,938  votes  for  Greenwood,  Dem 
ocrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  10,075  votes  against  3,36o  votes 
for  Prince,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,933  votes 
against  7,187  votes  for  Prince,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  10,543  votes  against  5.123  votes  for 
Tarbox,  Democrat,  and  034  votes  for  Clark,  Prohibi 
tionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1873;  was  defeated  as  the  Liberal  Republican  and 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  8,03'J  votes  against  12,472  votes  for  Gooch, 
Republican;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Liberal  Republican,  receiving  13,438 
votes  against  7,203  votes  for  Gooch,  Republican;  and 
was  re-elected  to  tho  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  13,325  votes  against  12,317  votes 
for  Richard  Frotiiingham,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  0,  1875. 

Banning,  Henry  B.,  was  born  at  Mount  Ver- 
iion,  Ohio,  JSTovember  10,  1834;  received  a  common- 
school  and  academic  education;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law  at  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  until  April,  1801, 
when  he  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier,  and  was  pro 
moted  successively  to  the  rank  of  captain,  major, 
lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  brevet  brigadier-general, 
and  brevet  major-general;  represented  Knox  County 
in  the  Ohio  legislature  in  1800  and  1807;  removed  to 
Cincinnati  in  the  year  18G9,  where  he  resumed  the 
practice  of  the  law;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Liberal  Re 
publican,  receiving  11,03(3  votes  against  9,532  votes 
for  Rutherford  B.  Hayes,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  10,852  votes  against  9,317  votes  for  Steven,  Re 
publican;  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  14,133  votes  against  14,058  votes  for  Stanley 
Matthews,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December 
1,  1873. 

Barber,  J.  Allen,  was  born  at  Georgia,  Ver 
mont  ;  after  a  partial  course  of  studies  at  tho  Univer 
sity  of  Vermont,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  1833;  in  1837,  he  removed  to  the  then 
Territory  of  Wisconsin,  and  settled  at  Lancaster, 
Grant  County,  where  he  has  since  practised.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  first  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Wisconsin  in  1840;  was  elected  to  the  State  Assembly 
of  Wisconsin  in  1852,  1853,  and  1803,  serving  the  last 
year  as  speaker;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in 
1850  and  1857;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-second  Congress,  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  11,503  votes  against  8,150  votes  for 
J.  Strachan,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,745  votes  against 
9,830  votes  for  Warden,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1871j  to  March  3,  1875. 

Barber,  Levi,  was  born  in  Litchficld  County, 
Connecticut;  removed  to  Ohio;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
receiving  1,803  votes  against  2,727  votes  for  Henry 
Brush,  and  1,954  votes  for  Edward  Tupper;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  defeating 
Henry  Brush,  and  serving  from  December  3, 1821,  to 
March  3,  1823. 

Barber,  Noyes,  was  born  at  Groton,  Connecti 
cut,  April  28,  1781 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  clerk  in  a  store;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Groton;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twen 
ty-third  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1821, 
to  March  3, 1845;  resumed  practice;  and  died  at  Gro 
ton,  Connecticut,  January  3,  1845. 


Barbour,  James,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
Virginia,  June  10,  1775;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law  while  serving  as  deputy- 
sheriff;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1794,  and  com 
menced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
House  of  Delegates,  and  its  speaker;  was  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Virginia,  anti  Democratic  and 
State  Rights,  from  January  11,  1815,  to  March  7, 
1825,  when  he  resigned  on  being  appointed  secretary 
of  war  by  President  John  Quincy  Adams ;  was  min 
ister  to  England  from  May,  23,  1828,  to  September 
23,  1829;  and  died  near  Gordonsville,  Virginia,  June 
8,  1842. 

Barbour,  John  S.,  was  born  in  Culpepcr 
County,  Virginia,  August  8,  1790;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  Col 
lege  in  1808;  studied  law  with  his  relative,  Governor 
James  Barbour,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was 
aide-de-camp  to  General  Madison  in  the  war  of  1812; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  by  50  majority, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  until  March  3,  1833;  was  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1829, 1830 ;  and  died  in  Culpeper  County,  Virginia, 
January  12,  1866. 

Barbour,  Lucien,  was  born  at  Canton,  Connect 
icut,  March  4,  1811;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Amherst  College  in  1837;  removed  to 
Indiana;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  com 
menced  practice  at  Indianapolis;  was  appointed 
United-States  district  attorney  for  the  district  of  In 
diana;  was  a  commissioner  to  codify  the  laws  of 
Indiana  in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  9,824  votes  against  9,280  votes  for 
Ilcndricks,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December 
3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Barbour,  Philip  Pendleton,  was  born  in 
Orange  County,  Virginia,  in  1799;  received  a  classi 
cal  education;  studied  law,  and  practised  with  suc 
cess;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Fourteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth, 
and  Eighteenth  Congresses  without  opposition,  serv 
ing  from  September  19,  1814,  until  he  resigned  in 
February,  1825 ;  was  chosen  speaker  in  1821 ;  was  ap 
pointed  judge  of  the  Virginia  General  Court  for  the 
Eastern  District  in  1825  (in  place  of  Judge  Holmes, 
deceased);  was  again  elected  a  representative  to  the 
Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  3,  1827,  until  he  resigned,  May  31,  1830; 
received  40  votes  for  candidate  for  Vice-President  at 
the  Democratic  National  Convention  at  Baltimore  in 
1832,  at  which  Jackson  and  Van  Burcn  were  nomi 
nated;  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  associ 
ate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  March  15,  1830, 
and  held  the  ofiice  until  found  dead  in  his  bed,  at 
Washington  City,  of  ossification  of  the  heart,  Feb 
ruary  25,  1841. 

Barclay,  David,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,115  votes  against  3,527  votes  for  Arthurs,  Whig, 
and  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 1857. 

Bard,  David,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  1778;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourth  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected  to  tho 
Eighth  Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  until  March 
3, 1815.  Soon  after  the  expiration  of  his  congressional 
service,  he  died  in  Virginia. 

Barker,  Abraham  A.,  was  born  at  Lovell, 
Maine,  March  30, 1810 ;  received  a  public-school  cdu- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


271 


cation;  was  a  farmer;  removed  to  Pennsylvania  in 
1854,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  trade;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at  Chi 
cago  in  1800;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  a 
Union  Republican,  receiving  9,225  votes  against 
8,71(3  votes  for  Johnston,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  4,  18G5,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Barker,  David,  jun.,  was  born  at  Stratham, 
New  Hampshire,  January  8,  1797;  received  a  classical 
education  at  Exeter  Academy  and  at  Harvard  College, 
where  he  graduated  in  1815;  studied  law  with  John 
P.  Hale  at  Rochester,  New  Hampshire ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  commenced  practice  there ; 
was  an  original  member  of  the  New-Hampshire  His 
torical  Society;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature;  was  elected  to  (he  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3, 1829; 
resumed  practice  at  Rochester;  and  died  there,  of  a 
heart  disease,  April  1,  1834. 

Barker,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Swan  Island,  Maine, 
December  7, 1779;  received  a  public-school  education; 
became  a  ship-owner,  and  engaged  in  commercial  spec 
ulations  ;  removed  to  New- York  City,  where  he  be 
came  a  noted  financier;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  New  York;  lost  his  property,  and  was  in 
dicted  for  conspiracy  to  defraud,  after  the  failure  of 
a  life-insurance  company  of  which  he  was  the  mana 
ger;  removed  to  New  Orleans  in  1834;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  there, and  became  a  business  and  political  lead 
er;  was  elected  from  Louisiana  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  (in  accordance  with  the  advice  of  President 
Johnson),  as  a  Conservative ;  and  his  credentials  were 
presented  December  19,  1805,  but  he  was  not  admit 
ted  to  a  seat;  became  again  bankrupt  in  1807;  and 
died  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  December  27, 
1871. 

Barker,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in 
1751;  received  a  classical  education,  studying  two 
years  at  Harvard  College,  and  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1771 ;  studied  theology,  and  was  ordained  as  a 
pastor;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to 
March  3,  1809;  died  in  1815. 

Barksdale,  William,  was  born  in  Rutherford 
County,  Tennessee,  August  21,  1821;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  and  was  a  student  at  the  Nashville 
University;  studied  law  at  Columbia;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  removed  to  Columbus,  Mississippi, 
where  he  practised;  edited  "The  Columbus  Demo 
crat;  "  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  quartermaster  of 
the  Second  Mississippi  Volunteers;  was  a  member  of 
the.  National  Democratic  Convention  of  1852;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a  State-rights  Democrat, 
for  the  State  at  large,  receiving  29,702  votes  against 
25,183  votes  for  Bradford,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,340  votes  against 
5,894  votes  for  Gobi),  American;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  without  opposition,  receiving 
5,530  votes;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  without  opposition,  receiving  7,125  votes, 
serving  from  December  5, 1853,  until  January  12, 1801, 
when  he  retired,  and  entered  the  military  service  of 
the  Southern  Confederacy.  He  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general  August  12,  1802,  commanding  a 
Mississippi  brigade  in  Longstreet's  corps;  and  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  July 
2,  1803. 

Barlow,  Stephen,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that,  State  in 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Barnard,  Daniel  Dewey,  was  born  in  Berk 
shire  County,  Massachusetts,  July  10,  1797;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Williams  College 
in  1818;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821, 
and  practised  at  Rochester,  New  York ;  was  prosecut 
ing  attorney  in  1820;  was  elected  a  representative 


from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  sen-ing 
from  December  3, 1827,  to  March  3,  1829;  travelled  in 
Europe  in  1831,  and,  on  his  return  in  1832,  removed  to 
Albany;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  5,080  votes  against  5,145  votes  for 
Gallup,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sev 
enth  Congress,  receiving  0,351  votes  against  "5, 973 
votes  for  French,  Van  Buren  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  minister  to 
Prussia  from  Septembers,  1850,  to  September21, 1853; 
was  a  contributor  to  literary  reviews;  and  died  at 
Albany,  New  York,  April  24,  1801. 

Barnard,  Isaac  D.,  was  born  at  Aston,  Penn 
sylvania,  July  18,  1791 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  appointed  captain  in  the 
Fourteenth  United-States  Infantry  March  12,  1812; 
and  after  distinguishing  himself,  especially  at  the  en 
gagements  of  Lyons  Creek  and  Fort  George,  he  left 
the  service  in  1815;  resumed  his  legal  studies;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  West- 
chester  in  1810;  was  deputy  attorney-general  in  1817; 
was  a  State  senator  in  1820 ;  was  State  secretary  of  state 
in  1820;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Pennsylvania,  serving  from  December  3, 1827,  until  he 
resigned  in  1811 ;  and  died  at  Westchester,  Pennsylva 
nia,  February  28,  1834. 

^Barnes,  Demas,  was  born  at  Gorham,  New 
York,  April  4,  1827;  received  an  academic  education ; 
was  reared  on  a  farm;  was  a  clerk  in  a  country  store; 
removed  to  New-York  City  in  1849,  and  engaged  in 
the  wholesale  drug  and  medicine  business;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,014  votes  against 
8,985  votes  for  Van  Brunt,  Republican,  and  884"  votes 
for  Hughes,  Independent  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Barney,  John  (the  son  of  Commodore  Joshua 
Barney),  was  born  at  Baltimore  in  1785;  was  an  un 
successful  candidate  for  Congress  in  1823;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  as  an  Adams  anti-Democrat,  receiving  5,517 
votes  against  5,347  votes  for  Isaac  McKim;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Barnett,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Georgia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  (in  place  of  Ilowell 
Cobb,  resigned),  as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  November  27,  1812,  to  March  3,  1815;  was  ap 
pointed  a  member  of  the  commission  to  establish  the 
boundaries  of  the  Creek-Indian  reservation  in  1815. 

Barnitz,  Charles  A.,  was  born  at  York,  Penn 
sylvania,  September  11,  1780;  received  a  liber;  1  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  brr,  and 
practised  at  York;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1815;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-third  Congiess,  as 
a  friend  of  Clay,  defeating  Doctor  Adam  King,  Jack 
son  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  2,  ]833, 
until  March  3,  1835 ;  was  president  of  the  York  B;  nk ; 
and  died  at  York,  Pennsylvania,  January  8,  1850. 

Barnum,  William  H.,  was  born  September  17, 
1818;  received  a  public-school  education;  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  iron :  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Connecticut  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  13,083  votes  against  12,103  votes 
for  P.  T.  Barnum,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  13,075  votes  against 
11,915  votes  for  Beardsley,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  defeating  Coffin, Repub 
lican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  12,501  votes  against  10,799  votes  for  Miner, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  14,275  votes  against  11,040  votes 
for  Hubbard,  Republican,  and  075  votes  for  Hedge, 
Prohibitionist;  and  resigning  May  22,  1870,  when  he 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Connect!- 


272 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


cut,  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  Orris  Ferry,  Repub 
lican),  he  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  May  22,  1876. 

Barnwell,  Robert,  was  born  in  South  Carolina, 
and  was  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Second 
Congress,  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  2,  1793. 

Barnwell,  Robert  Woodward,  was  born  in 
South  Carolina  August  10,  1801 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1821; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Twenty-first  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829, 
to  March  3,  1823;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  re 
election;  was  appointed  United-States  senator  from 
South  Carolina  (in  place  of  Franklin  II.  Elmore,  de 
ceased),  and  served  from  June  24,  1850,  to  January  G, 
1851;  was  a  commissioner  from  South  Carolina  to 
confer  with  the  Federal  Government  regarding  the 
secession  of  that  State  in  December,  I860;  was  a 
member  of  the  Provisional  Congress  of  the  Confeder 
ate  States,  serving  from  February  4,  18G1,  to  February 
1,  1862;  was  a  senator  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Confederate  Congress,  serving  from  February  1, 1802, 
to  February  18, 1866 ;  was  president  of  the  University 
of  South  Carolina. 

Barr,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  at  New  York  in 
1812;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  the 
landlord  of  a  hotel  in  New  Jersey  1835-1842;  returned 
to  New- York  City,  and  was  an  assistant  alderman 
1849-1850;  was  a  State  senator  in  1853;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (in  the  place  of  John  Kelly,  resigned),  as 
a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  an  Independent  Democrat,  receiving 
3,941)  votes  against  2,671  votes  for  Stephens,  Demo 
crat,  2,290  votes  for  Brennan,  Republican,  710  votes 
for  Farmer,  Democrat,  and  300  votes  for  Ilusted, 
American,  serving  from  January  17,  1859,  to  March 
4,  1801. 

Barr  ere,  Granville,  was  born  in  Highland 
County,  Ohio,  where  he  received  a  public-school 
education,  and  afterward  attended  college  at  Au 
gusta,  Kentucky,  and  Marietta,  Ohio;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Ohio,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Illinois  in  1850 ;  devoted  his  entire  atten 
tion  to  his  profession  until  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  12,055  votes  against  10,799  votes 
for  N.  E.  Worthington,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Barrere,  Nelson,  of  Hillsborough,  Ohio,  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,515  votes 
against  5,219  votes  for  E.  M.  Ellsberry,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  until  March  3,  1853; 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  7,208  votes  against  7,479 
votes  for  Ellison,  Democrat. 

Barrett,  J.  Richard,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
removed  to  St.  Louis;  was  the  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  Agricultural  Society,  and  organized  its  highly- 
successful  exhibitions ;  claimed  a  seat  as  a  represen 
tative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
but  it  was  awarded,  June  8,  1860,  to  Francis  P.  Blair, 
who  soon  afterwards  resigned;  was  elected  to  the 
vacant  seat  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  12,862  votes  against  12,538  for  Francis 
P.  Blair,  Republican,  and  served  from  December  3, 
1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  9,967  votes  against  11,453  votes  for  Blair, 
Republican,  and  4,542  votes  for  Todd,  American. 

Barringer,  Daniel  L.,  was  born  in  Cabarrus 
(then  Mechlenburg)  County,  North  Carolina,  Octo 
ber  1,  1788;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  in  Wake 
County,  where  he  married;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1813,  1819, 
1821,  and  1822;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  (in  the  place  of  W.  Mangum, 


resigned),  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  James  Mebane 
by  7  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  defeating  A.  L.  Murphy  by  226  majority;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  defeating 
James  A.  Craig  by  1,060  majority;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat,  receiving  3,082  votes  against  3,073  votes  for 
Edward  Do  Berry,  Adams  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  defeating  J. 
G.  A.  Williamson  by  61  votes,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1820,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as  a 
Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  2,066  against  2,446  for  William  Montgom 
ery,  Democrat ;  removed  to  Tennessee ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and 
chosen  its  speaker ;  and  died  in  Tennessee  October 
16,  1852. 

Barringer,  Daniel  Moreau,  was  born  in 
Cabarrus  County,  North  Carolina,  in  July,  1800; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  North  Carolina  in  1826;  studied  law  under 
Chief  Justice  Ruffin;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  1829 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1829,  1830, 
1831,  1832,  1833,  1834,  1840,  and  1842;  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention  in  1835;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,135  votes 
against  3,787  votes  for  Craige,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
5,308  votes  against  5,342  votes  for  Charles  Fisher, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
receiving  3,412  votes  against  702  votes  for  Leake, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  until 
March  3,  1849;  was  appointed  by  President  Taylor 
minister  to  Spain,  and  served  from  June  18,  1849, 
until  September  4,  1853;  returned  home,  and  was 
elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1854, 
but  declined  a  re-election  in  1855;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Peace  Congress  of  1861. 

Barrow,  Alexander,  was  born  near  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  in  1801 ;  was  educated  at  the  West-Point 
Military  Academy;  studied  law  at  Nashville;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  soon  afterwards  removed  to 
Louisiana,  where  he  practised  a  few  years;  then  de 
voted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Louisi 
ana;  was  chosen  United-States  senator  from  Louisi 
ana,  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  suddenly,  while  he  was  on  a 
visit  at  Baltimore,  December  29,  1840. 

Barrow,  "Washington,  was  born  in  Davidson 
County,  Tennessee,  October  5,  1817 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised;  was  minister  to  Portugal  from 
August  10,  1841,  to  February  24,  1844;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849;  edited  "The  Nashville  Banner;" 
was  State  senator  in  I860,  1801;  was  member  of  a 
commission  which  negotiated  a  military  league  with 
the  Southern  Confederacy,  May  4, 1801;  was  arrested 
by  order  of  Governor  Andrew  Johnson  March  28, 
1802,  and  imprisoned  in  the  penitentiary  at  Nash 
ville,  but  released  the  following  week  by  order  of 
President  Lincoln;  died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  Oc 
tober  19,  1800. 

Barry,  Henry  "W.,  was  born  in  New  York;  was 
self-educated;  was  principal  of  Locust-Grove  Acid- 
emy,  Kentucky,  for  two  years;  graduated  at  the 
Columbian  Law  College,  Washington,  District  of 
Columbia;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private  early 
in  the  war;  organized  the  first  regiment  of  colored 
troops  raised  in  Kentucky;  commanded  a  brigade, 
and,  for  a  time,  a  division  of  the  army;  was  brevetted 
major-general;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  Mississippi  in  1807;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  of  Mississippi  in  1808;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  as  a  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


273 


Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  12,912  votes  against 
7,6:30  votes  for  Steen,  Democrat,  and  1,817  votes  for 
Le  Flore,  Conservative;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  15,047  votes  against  0,440 
votes  for  Bolding,  Democrat,  and  served  from  Aprr 
8,  1870,  to  March  4,  1875;  visited  Washington  City 
the  following  June;  and  died  there,  of  apoplexy, 
June  7,  1875. 

Barry,  William  Taylor,  was  born  at  Lunen- 
burg,  Virginia,  February  5,  1784;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College 
in  1803;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lexington,  Kentucky;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Elev 
enth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  appointment  of  B.  G.  Howard  to  be 
governor  of  Indiana  Territory),  and  served  from 
December  13,  1810,  until  March  3,  1811 ;  served  in  the 
Indian  war  of  1813,  and  was  aide-de-camp  to  Governor 
Shelby  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and  was  elected 
its  speaker;  was  appointed  to  the  United-States 
Senate  in  1814  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig 
nation  of  George  M.  Bibb),  and  served  from  Febru 
ary  2,  1815,  until  he  resigned  in  1816;  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Kentucky;  was 
elected  lieutenant-governor;  Avas  appointed  pro 
fessor  of  law  and  politics  in  Transylvania  Univer 
sity,  at  Lexington,  in  1821;  was  successively  secre 
tary  of  state  and  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Kentucky;  was  appointed  postmaster- 
general  by  President  Jackson  March  9,  1829,  and 
was  the  first  postmaster-general  invited  to  sit  in  the 
Cabinet;  resigned  April  10,  1835,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Spain;  died  on 
his  way  to  Madrid,  at  Liverpool,  England,  August 
30,  1835.  His  remains  were  brought  home  by  direc 
tion  of  the  legislature  of  Kentucky,  and  re-interred 
in  Frankfort  Cemetery,  with  Masonic  honors,  No 
vember  8,  1854. 

Barry,  William  Taylor  Sullivan,  was  born 
at  Columbus,  Mississippi,  December  12,  1821;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1841 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Columbus;  had  planting  interests 
in  Oktibba  and  Sunflower  Counties,  making  the  lat 
ter  his  residence  in  1853;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  7,039  votes  against  0,837  votes 
for  Wilcox,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  president  of  the  State 
Secession  Convention  of  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Provisional  Confederate  Congress,  serving  from  Feb 
ruary  4,  1801,  to  January,  1862,  when  he  resigned,  to 
enter  the  military  service;  recruited  and  commanded 
the  Thirty-fifth  Mississippi  Volunteers,  acting  sev 
eral  times  as  commander  of  the  brigade  to  which  he 
belonged,  until  captured  at  Mobile,  April  12,  1865; 
resumed  practice  at  Columbus;  and  died  there,  of 
consumption,  January  29,  1868. 

Barstow,  Gamaliel  H.,  was  born  in  the  State 
of  New  York  in  1785;  was  treasurer  of  the  State  of 
New  York  1825-1828;  was  several  times  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  and  Assembly;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March 
3,  1833;  died  at  Nichols,  New  York,  April,  1865. 

Barstow,  Gideon,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
Massachusetts,  in  1783 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  and  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a 
representative  in  Congress  from  Massachusetts,  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  by  200 
majority  over  Timothy  Pickering,  Federalist,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823; 
died  at  St.  Augustine,  Florida,  March  26,  1852. 

Bartlett,  Bailey,  was  born  at  Haverhill,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1750;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  a  clerk  in  his  father's  English-goods  store, 
and  then  carried  on  the  business  until  1789;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 


1781,  1782,  and  1783,  declining  a  re-election  in  1784; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention  to  ratify  the 
Federal  Constitution  in  1787;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1788,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1789;  was  appointed  high 
sheriff  of  Essex  County  in  1789,  and  held  the  office 
over  forty  years  consecutively,  except  between  De 
cember  5,  1811,  and  January  20,  1812,  when  he  was 
superseded  on  political  grounds  by  Governor  Gerry, 
and  appointed  county  treasurer  by  the  commission 
ers  of  Essex  County;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fifth  Congress  (in  the 
place  of  Theophilus  Bradbury,  resigned),  as  a  Fed 
eralist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  November  27,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was 
on  the  defeated  Federal  electoral  ticket  in  1804;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1820;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Adams  and 
Rush  ticket  in  1824;  was  a  prominent  member  of  the 
state  and  county  agricultural  societies ;  and  died  at 
Haverhill,  Massachusetts,  September  9,  1830. 

Bartlett,  Ichabod,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  New 
Hampshire,  July  24,  1780;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  in  1808;  studied 
law  under  Moses  Eastman  at  Salisbury;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1811;  commenced  practice  at  Dur 
ham,  but  removed  to  Portsmouth  in  1810 ;  was  clerk 
of  the  State  Senate  1817-1818;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1820  and  1821, 
serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  an  active  militia 
officer;  was  State  solicitor  for  Rockingham  County 
in  1819,  1820,  and  1821 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
as  an  anti-Democrat,  receiving  10,464  votes  on  a 
general  ticket,  and  successively  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1823,  until  March  3,  1829;  was  ap 
pointed  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  established  in  1825,  but  declined,  preferring  to 
remain  in  Congress;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1830;  was  defeated 
as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor,  in  1832,  by  Sam 
uel  Dinsmoor,  Democrat;  was  again  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1838,  1851, 
and  1852 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1850;  and  died  at  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire,  October  19,  1853. 

Bartlett,  Josiah,  was  born  at  Amesbury,  Mas 
sachusetts,  November  21,  1727  (old  style) ;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  medicine  under  Dr. 
Ordway  at  Amesbury,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Kingston,  New  Hampshire,  in  1748;  was  a  member 
of  the  colonial  legislature  of  New  Hampshire,  and 
filled  various  offices  of  trust  under  the  royal  govern 
ment  ;  was  chosen  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire 
to  the  Continental  Congress  which  met  at  Philadel 
phia  in  September,  1775;  and  was  the  first,  after 
President  Hancock,  to  sign  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence.  He  resigned  in  November,  1778;  was  ap 
pointed  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
soon  afterwards;  was  transferred  to  the  Superior 
Bench  in  November,  1782,  and  there  officiated  until 
he  was  appointed,  in  1788,  chief  justice  of  the  State. 
He  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  from 
New  Hampshire  in  1789,  but  declined,  and  also  re 
signed  the  office  of  chief  justice ;  was  elected  presi 
dent  of  the  State  of  New  Hampshire  in  1790;  took 
an  active  part  in  forming  the  New-Hampshire  Medi 
cal  Society,  and  was  elected  its  first  president  in 
1791;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  1792  (which  substituted  the  title  of  governor 
for  that  of  president),  and  was  the  first  chief  magis 
trate  of  New  Hampshire  with  the  title  of  governor; 
received  the  honorary  degrees  of  M.A.  and  M.D. 
from  Dartmouth  College ;  and  died  suddenly,  of  pa 
ralysis,  at  Kingston,  New  Hampshire,  May  19,  1795. 
Bartlett,  Josiah,  jun.  (a  son  of  Dr.  Josiah 
Bartlett),  was  born  at  Kingston,  New  Hampshire, 
December  16, 1768;  studied  medicine,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Strathara,  New  Hampshire ;  was  chosen  a 


274 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


presidential  elector  on  the  Washington  ticket  in  1793, 
and  again  on  the  John  Quincy  Adams  ticket  in  1825; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  to 
the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  November  4, 
1811,  until  March  3,  1813;  was  president  of  the  New- 
Hampshire  Medical  Society;  died  at  Stratham,  New 
Hampshire,  April  14,  1838. 

Bartley,  Mordecai,  was  born  in  Fayettc  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  December  16,  1783;  was  taken  by 
his  parents  in  1824  to  Virginia,  where  he  attended 
public  school ;  removed  to  Ohio  in  1809,  and  became 
a  farmer  at  Mansfield;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 
under  General  Harrison  as  adjutant  and  captain; 
was  a  State  senator  1817,  1818;  was  register  of 
the  land-office  1818-1823;  was  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  and  was  successively  re- 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1831;  was  governor  of  Ohio  1844-1846; 
died  at  Mansfield,  Ohio,  October  10,  1870. 

Bartlett,  Thomas,  jun.,  was  born  at  Sutton, 
Vermont,  June  18,  1808;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law  at  Lyndon,  Vermont,  with 
Isaac  Fletcher  and  George  C.  Cahoon;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Groton  in 
1833;  removed  in  1835  to  Groton,  where  he  practised 
in  partnership  with  Isaac  Fletcher;  was  State's 
attorney  for  Caledonia  County  in  1839,  1841,  and 
1842;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1841  and 
1842,  and  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1849,  1850,  1854,  and  1855;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Conventions  in  1850  and  1857 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,009  votes  against  5,014  votes  for  Davis,  Whig,  649 
votes  for  Willard,  Democrat,  and  114  votes  scattering, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 1853; 
was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress,  receiving  436  votes  against  9,319 
votes  for  Andrew  Tracy,  Whig,  3,261  votes  for  Kel 
logg,  Democrat,  and  1,675  votes  for  Henry,  Democrat ; 
resumed  practice,  which  he  continued  until  he  died, 
at  Lyndon,  September  8,  1876. 

Barton,  David,  removed  from  Waco,  Kentucky, 
early  in  life,  to  the  then  Territory  of  Missouri ;  was 
a  member  of  the  convention  which  formed  a  State 
constitution  in  1820;  was  a  United-States  senator 
from  Missouri,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 
March  3,  1831;  died  near  Boonville,  Missouri,  Sep 
tember  28,  1837. 

Barton,  Richard  W.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  one  of  the  founders 
and  the  first  president  of  the  Valley  Agricultural 
Society;  died  in  Frederick  County,  Virginia,  March 
15,  1859. 

Barton,  Samuel,  was  horn  in  New  York;  was 
for  three  years  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Bashford,  Coles,  was  born  near  Cold  Springs, 
New  York,  January  2-1,  1816;  received  a  classical 
education  at  the  Wesleyan  Seminary,  now  Genesee 
College,  Lima,  New  York;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841;  was  district  attorney 
of  Wayne  County  from  1847  until  1850,  when  he 
resigned;  removed  to  Oshkosh,  Wisconsin,  in  1850, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  that  State  in 
1852,  1853,  and  1854,  resigning  in  1855;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Wisconsin  from  1855  to  1858;  accompanied 
the  territorial  officers  to  Arizona  in  1863;  was  attor 
ney-general  of  Arizona  from  1864  until  1867;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  first  Territorial  Council  of 
Arizona,  and  was  its  presiding  officer;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Arizona  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as 
an  Independent,  receiving  1,000  votes  against  518 
votes  for  Posten,  and  108  votes  for  Adams,  serving 


from  March  4, 1867,  to  March  3,  1869;  was  appointed 
secretary  of  Arizona  in  1869. 

Bass,  Lyman  K.,  was  born  at  Alden,  New 
York,  November  13,  1836;  graduated  at  Union  Col 
lege,  Schencctady,  in  1856;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Buffalo;  was  district 
attorney  for  Erie  County  1865-1872;  was  renominated, 
and  declined ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  17,929  votes  against  12,813  votes  for  Wil 
liams,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  15,968  votes  against  14,070 
votes  for  Nicholls,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Bassett,  Burwell,  was  born  in  New  Kent 
County,  Virginia,  in  1764;  was  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  legislature;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Ninth,  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  2,  1806,  until  March  3,  1813; 
was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  by  Thomas  M.  Bayley,  and 
unsuccessfully  contested  the  seat;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  by  a  majority  of  47, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  until  March  3,  1817; 
Avas  again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
defeating  John  Patterson  by  650  votes,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Con 
gresses;  was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  by  Richard  Coke,  jun. ; 
and  died  in  New  Kent  County,  Virginia,  February 
26,  1841. 

Bassett,  Richard,  was  born  in  Delaware;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  arid  practised ;  was  a  delegate  from  Dela 
ware  to  the  convention  which  framed  the  Constitu 
tion  of  the  United  States  in  the  summer  of  1787; 
was  a  United-States  senator  from  Delaware,  serving 
from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2,  1793;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  in  1797,  voting  for  John  Adams  as 
President;  was  governor  of  Delaware  1798-1801 ;  was 
United-States  circuit  judge  1801,  1802;  died  Sep 
tember,  1815. 

Bateman,  Ephraim,  was  born  at  Cedarville, 
New  Jersey,  in  1770 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine  while  a  mechanic's  appren 
tice,  and  practised  at  Cedarville;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  as 
a  Democrat,  and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the 
Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  until  March  3,  1823; 
was  elected  to  the  council  of  the  State  legislature, 
and,  as  its  president,  gave  in  1826  the  casting  vote 
which  elected  him  against  T.  Frclinghuysen  to  the 
United-States  Senate,  as  a  Crawford  Democrat  (in 
the  place  of  J.  Mcllvaine,  deceased).  He  served  in  the 
United-States  Senate  from  December  7,  1826,  until 
he  resigned  in  January,  1829;  died  at  Cedarville, 
NCAV  Jersey,  January  29,  1829. 

Bates,  Edward,  was  born  at  Belmont,  Gooch- 
land  County,  Virginia,  September  4,  1793;  received 
the  rudiments  of  a  liberal  education  at  Charlotte- 
Hall  Academy,  Maryland,  and  obtained  a  midship 
man's  warrant  in  1812,  but  was  prevented  by  his 
mother  from  going  to  sea;  served  as  sergeant  in 
the  winter  of  1812-1813  in  the  volunteer  brigade 
raised  for  the  defence  of  Norfolk;  removed  to  St. 
Louis,  where  his  elder  brother  was  established,  in 
1814;  studied  law  with  Ruf us  Easton ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
circuit  prosecuting  attorney  in  1818;  was  a  member 
of  the  convention  which  formed  the  State  constitu 
tion  in  1820;  was  State  attorney-general  in  1820;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1822;  was  United-States  district  attorney  1821-1826 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  as  an  Adams  anti-Democrat, 
receiving  6,635  votes  against  4,155  votes  for  John 
Sedt,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1827, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


275 


to  March  3,  1829;  was  defeated  as  the  anti-Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-first  Congress;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1830,  and  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  18:34;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Internal  Improvement  Convention  at 
Chicago  in  1847;  was  offered  a  seat  in  the  cabinet  by 
President  Fillmore,  but  declined  it;  was  judge  of  the 
St.  Louis  Land  Court  1853-1850;  presided  at  the 
National  Whig  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1856; 
was  attorney-general  in  President  Lincoln's  cabinet 
March,  1861-September,  1864;  died  at  St.  Louis 
March  25,  1869. 

Bates,  Isaac  C.,  was  born  at  Granville,  Massa 
chusetts,  May  14,  1780;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1802;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  North 
ampton;  was  several  years  a  member  successively 
of  the  Executive  Council,  the  State  Senate,  and  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  as  an  anti-Jackson  man,  receiving  1,883  votes 
against  946  votes  for  Lathrop,  Democrat,  and  236 
votes  scattering;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  18*3; 
declined  a  re-election;  was  a  presidential  elector 
from  Massachusetts  in  1837  and  in  1841 ;  was  chosen 
United-States  senator  from  Massachusetts  (in  place 
of  John  Davis,  resigned  on  being  elected  governor), 
and  serving  from  January,  1841,  until  his  death  at 
Washington  City,  March  16,  1845. 

Bates,  James,  was  born  in  the  State  of  Maine ; 
studied  medicine;  was  licensed,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  a  physician  at  the  Augusta  Insane 
Hospital ;  removed  to  Norridgewock,  where  he  paid 
great  attention  to  the  cultivation  and  improvement 
of  a  farm;  edited  "  The  Democratic  Somerset  Repub 
lican,"  established  at  Norridgewock  June  10,  1828; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1831,  to  March  3,  1833;  was  president  of  the  Somer 
set-county  Agricultural  Society. 

Bates,  James  Woodson,  was  born  in  Gooch- 
land  County,  Virginia;  removed  to  Arkansas  Terri 
tory;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  there  to  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  serving  from  March  2,  1820,  to  March  3, 
1823;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Arkansas;  died  at  Van  Buren,  Arkansas,  January 
20,  1847. 

Bates,  Martin  W\,  was  born  at  Salisbury, 
Connecticut,  February  24,  1787;  received  a  liberal 
cdiication,  and  removed  to  Delaware  at  an  early  age ; 
taught  school;  studied  medicine,  and  then  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Dover;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1850;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Delaware  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  M.  Clayton),  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  6,  1858,  to  March  3,  1859;  died  at 
Dover,  Delaware,  January  1, 1869. 

Battle,  Cullen  Gr.,  was  a  Brcckinridge  elector 
from  Alabama  in  1860;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army,  attaining  the  rank  of  brigadier-general;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  as  a  Conservative,  defeating  George 
F.  Reese,  but  was  not  admitted  to  a  seat. 

Baxter,  Elisha,  of  Little  Rock,  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Arkansas  in  1864,  but 
was  not  permitted  to  take  his  seat,  on  the  ground 
that  the  State  had  not  been  legally  reconstructed; 
was  governor  of  Arkansas  1874,  1875. 

Baxter,  Portus,  was  born  at  Brownington, 
Vermont;  received  an  academic  education;  became 
a  merchant;  Avas  a  Scott  presidential  elector  in  1852, 
and  a  Fremont  elector  in  1856;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,326  votes  against 
2,588  votes  for  Chaffee,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  7,234  votes 


against  2,673  votes  for  Harrington,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  9,408  votes  against  3,281  votes  for  Harrington, 
Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1867 ;  died  at  Washington  March  4,  1868. 

Bay,  William  V.  N.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Mis 
souri,  and  located  at  Union,  Newton  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,394  votes 
against  6,968  votes  for  Porter,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Bayard,  James  Asheton  (father  of  James  A. 
Bayard  and  Richard  H.  Bayard,  and  grandfather  of 
Thomas  Francis  Bayard),  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  July  28,  1767 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1784; 
studied  law  under  General  Joseph  Reed;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Wilmington, 
Delaware;  was  offered  the  mission  to  France  by 
President  Adams,  and  declined  it;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Fifth  Congress, 
as  a  Federalist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1803;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Delaware  (in  place  of  William  Hill  Wells,  re 
signed),  serving  from  January  15,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1813;  was  appointed  by  President  Madison  one  of 
the  commission  to  negotiate  peace  with  Great  Britain ; 
resigned  his  seat  in  the  Senate,  and  went  to  Europe 
in  May,  1814 ;  aided  in  negotiating  the  Treaty  of 
Ghent  in  December,  1814;  was  commissioned  minis 
ter  to  Russia  February  28, 1815,  but  declined,  although 
he  expressed  his  willingness  to  negotiate  a  commer 
cial  treaty  with  Great  Britain.  Compelled  by  a  seri 
ous  illness  to  return  home,  he  arrived  at  Wilmington 
in  June,  and  died  there  August  6,  1815. 

Bayard,  James  A.  (son  of  James  A.  Bayard, 
and  father  of  Thomas  Francis  Bayard),  was  born  at 
Wilmington,  Delaware,  November  15,  1799;  received 
a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Wilmington ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Delaware  in  1851,  as  a 
Democrat  (in  the  place  of  John  Wales,  Whig);  was 
re-elected  in  1857,  and  was  again  re-elected  in  1863, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  until  his  resignation 
January  30,  1864;  was  appointed  a  United-States 
senator,  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  Hon.  George  Read  Riddle),  and  was 
subsequently  elected  for  the  unexpired  term,  serving 
from  April  1,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  New  York 
in  1868. 

Bayard,  John,  was  born  in  Cecil  County,  Mary 
land,  August  11,  1738;  received  a  liberal  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Philadelphia; 
was  many  years  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  As 
sembly,  serving  several  sessions  as  speaker;  was  a 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Committee  of  Safety; 
was  major  of  the  Second  Battalion  of  Philadelphia 
Volunteers,  which  he  commanded  at  the  battle  of 
Trenton ;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1785-1787;  removed  in  1788  to 
New  Brunswick,  of  which  place  he  became  mayor, 
and  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 

Bayard,  Richard  H.,  was  born  at  Wilmington, 
Delaware,  1796;  received  a  liberal  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Princeton  College  in  1814;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator,  as  a  Whig  (to  fill  a  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Arnold  Naudin), 
and  served  from  June  20,  1836,  to  September,  1839, 
when  he  resigned,  to  accept  the  appointment  of 
chief  justice  of  Delaware  (in  the  place  of  John  M. 
Clayton,  resigned);  was  again  elected  to  the  United- 
States  Senate,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
March  3,  1845;  was  appointed  chart/*  d'affaires  to 
Belgium  December  10,  1850,  and  served  until  Sep 
tember  12,  1853;  died  at  Philadelphia  March  4, 
1868. 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Bayard,  Thomas  Francis  (grandson  of  James 
A.  Bayard,  and  son  of  James  A.  Bayard),  was  born 
at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  October  ^9,  1828;  was 
chiefly  educated  at  the  Flushing  School,  established 
by  Kev.  Dr.  F.  L.  Hawks;  and,  although  his  early 
training  was  for  a  mercantile  life,  he  studied  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law.  He  came  to  the  bar 
in  1851 ;  and  excepting  the  years  1855  and  1856,  when 
he  resided  in  Philadelphia,  he  h;;s  always  practised 
in  his  native  city.  In  1853  he  was  appointed  United- 
States  district  attorney  for  Delaware,  but  resigned 
in  1854;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Delaware,  as  a  Democrat,  to  succeed  James  A.  Bay 
ard  (his  father) ;  took  his  seat  March  4,  1869,  and 
was  re-elected  in  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  ex 
pire  March  3,  1881. 

Bayard,  W^illiam,  was  a  native  of  New  York; 
was  a  member  of  the  Assembly  in  1764;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  New  York  to  the  Colonial  Congress  which 
met  at  New  York  October  7,  1765. 

Bayley,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Somerset  County, 
Maryland ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1794 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Maryland  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  1, 1817,  to  March 
3,  1823. 

Bayley,  Thomas  Henry  (son  of  Thomas  M. 
Bayly),  was  born  at  the  ancestral  homestead  in 
Accoruac  County,  Virginia,  December  11,  1810; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the 
University  of  Virginia;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1830,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Assembly  1835-1840,  resigning 
on  being  elected  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  a  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  A.  Wise), 
receiving  a  majority  of  75  over  Carter,  Whig,  and 
was  successively  re-elected,  without  opposition,  to 
the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  Thirty- 
second,  Thirty-third,  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses, 
serving  from  May  6,  1844,  until  his  death,  at  his 
home  in  Accomac  Co_unty,  June  23,  1856. 

Baylies,  Francis  (brother  of  William  Baylies), 
was  born  at  Taunton,  Massachusetts,  October  16, 
1783;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  law 
with  his  brother,  William  Baylies;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised;  was  register  of  probate  for 
Bristol  County  1812-1820;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress,  receiving  100  majority  over  Marcus  Morton, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  on  the  second  trial,  de 
feating  Hodges,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 
March  3, 1827 ;  commissioned  chargtf  d'affaires  to  the 
Argentine  Republic  January  3,  1832,  and  received 
his  passports  September  3,  1832;  died  at  Taunton, 
Massachusetts,  October  28,  1852. 

Baylies,  \Villiam  (brother  of  Francis  Baylies), 
was  born  at  Taunton,  Massachusetts,  October  16, 
1783;  studied  law  with  Seth  Padelford  at  Taunton; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
West  Bridgewater;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  1808-1809,  1812-1813,  1820-1821,  1830-1831, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  1825-1826;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  as  a  War  Democrat,  and  took  his  seat  in 
May,  1809  (but  the  House  declared  his  opponent, 
Charles  Turner,  jun.,  Peace  candidate,  to  have  been 
elected  at  a  previous  election,  which  the  governor  of 
Massachusetts  had  declared  void,  and  gave  Turner 
the  seat  June  28,  1809);  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 
1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
2,447  votes  of  the  5,087  votes  cast,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  election  to  the  Twenty- 


fourth  Congress,  receiving  3,684  votes  against  4,400 
votes  for  Borden,  Democrat;  died  at  Taunton,  Sep 
tember  27,  1865. 

Baylor,  R.  E.  B.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  receiv 
ing  a  large  majority  over  Barton  and  Ellis,  and 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Bayly,  Thomas  M.  (father  of  Thomas  Henry 
Bayley),  was  born  at  the  ancestral  home  in  Accomac 
County,  Virginia,  September  2,  1775;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1794;  entered  public  life  in  1798  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  served  several  years  in  each  of  the  two 
houses  of  the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1815 ;  was  afterwards  several  times  elected 
to  the  State  legislature,  and  enjoyed  the  confidence 
of  his  constituents  during  many  agitated  political 
phases,  never  having  lost  an  election,  and  rarely 
ever  having  one  closely  contested;  died  in  Accomac 
County,  Virginia,  January  6,  1834. 

Bayne,  Thomas  M.,  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  from  the  Pittsburg  district  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  4,996  votes 
against  5,256  votes  for  Alexander  G.  Cochrane, 
Democrat,  and  2,803  votes  for  A.  Purviance,  Inde 
pendent  Democrat ;  was  elected  a  representative  from. 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  12,506  votes  against  8,326  votes  for 
A.  G.  Cochrane,  Democrat,  and  151  votes  for  Thomas 
H.  Rabe,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875. 

Beach,  Samuel  Fergurson,  of  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  138  votes  against  11  votes 
for  C.  B.  Shirley,  Democrat ;  but  the  House  decided 
that  he  was  not  entitled  to  a  seat. 

Beale,  Charles  L.,  was  born  at  Canaan,  New 
York,  March  5,  1824;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Union  College  in  1844;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  18-19,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Kinderhook,  New  York;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,750  votes 
against  8,385  votes  for  McClellan,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  9,512  votes  against 
10,712  votes  for  Nelson,  Democrat ;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson  ticket  in 
1864;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Conven 
tion  at  Philadelphia  in  18G6. 

Beale,  James  M.  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
resided  at  Point  Pleasant;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
receiving  1,638  votes  against  1,156  votes  for  Steele, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
without  opposition,  serving  from  December  2,  1833, 
to  March  3,  1837;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,310  votes 
against  4,094  votes  for  McComas,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  4,010 
votes  against  2,813  votes  for  Smith,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853,  having 
declined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election. 

Beale,  Richard  L.  T.,  was  born  at  Hickory 
Hill,  Westmoreland  County,  Virginia,  May  22,  1819; 
received  a  classical  education,  partly  at  Dickinson 
College;  studied  law,  graduating  at  the  law  school 
of  the  University  of  Virginia;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1839,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,116  votes  against 
1,963  votes  for  Newton,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  declined  a  re 
election  to  Congress;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Reform  Convention  in  1850;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1857 ;  entered  the  cavalry  arm  of  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


277* 


Confederate  forces,  and  was  successively  promoted, 
until  in  February,  18(i5,  he  commanded  a  brigade  ir 
Lee's  cavalry  division,  Army  of  Northern  Virginia, 
composed  of  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Thirteenth,  and 
Fourteenth  Virginia  Cavalry  Regiments. 

Beall,  Reazin,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  August 
10,  1770;  was  appointed  ensign  in  the  United-States 
array  March  7,  1792,  and  battalion  quartermaster 
1793;  served  under  General  Wayne  in  his  campaigns 
against  the  Indians;  located  at  Wooster,  Ohio;  was 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in  1812;  occupied 
several  local  positions ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  24,  1813,  to  November,  1814,  when  he  resigned ; 
died  at  Wooster,  Ohio,  February  20,  1843. 

Beaman,  Fernando  C.,  was  born  at  Chester, 
Vermont,  June  28,  1814;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Lcnawec  County  six  years;  was  judge 
of  probate  four  years;  was  presidential  elector  in 
185(5;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  19,173  votes  against  12,099  votes  for  Coff en- 
berry,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  13,400  votes  against  13,208  votes 
for  Penniman,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  17,906  votes  against 
15,592  votes  for  Noble,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  17,139  votes  against 
13,443  votes  for  Chipman,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-tirst  Congress,  receiving  22,197 
votes  against  20,595  votes  for  Mills,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  July  3,  18(51,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Bean,  Benning  MM  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1782;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  for  five  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature, 
and  was  president  of  the  State  Senate  in  1832;  was  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council  in  1829;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837. 

Beardsley,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Otsego  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Rome;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1822,  resigning  to  be  chosen  first  judge  of  Oneida 
County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  until 
July  4,  183(3,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  appoint 
ment  of  circuit  judge;  was  attorney-general  of  the 
State  of  New  York  in  183(5;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  G,  1844,  when  he  resigned  to  accept 
the  position  of  associate  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court; 
was  made  chief  justice  in  1847,  but  declined  a  new 
term  of  sendee  under  the  new  constitution ;  died  at 
Utica,  New  York,  May  6,  18GO. 

Beatty,  John,  was  born  in  Bucks  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  December  10, 1749;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  in  17G9;  studied 
medicine  under  Dr.  Hush  at  Philadelphia,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice ;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army 
in  177G,  and  had  attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel  when  he  was  made  prisoner  at  the  surrender 
of  Fort  Washington;  after  having  been  exchanged, 
was  appointed  commissary-general  of  prisoners,  with 
the  rank  of  colonel,  May  28,  1778;  resigned  March 
31,  1780,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  medicine  at 
Trenton,  New  Jersey;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Jer 
sey  to  the  Continental  Congress,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  13,  1784,  to  June  3,  1784,  and  from  November  11, 
1784,  to  November  7, 1785 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Convention  that  adopted  the  Federal  Constitution; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to 
March  3,  1795 ;  was  secretary  of  state  of  New  Jersey 
1795-1805 ;  was  several  years  elected  to  the  State  Sen 


ate  and  House  of  Representatives,  serving  twice  as 
speaker  of  the  House;  was  president  of  the  Trenton 
Bank  1815-2G;  and  died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  May 
30,  1826. 

Beatty,  John,  was  born  near  Sandusky  City, 
Ohio,  December  10,  1828;  received  a  good  English 
education;  engaged  in  the  business  of  banking;  was 
a  Republican  presidential  elector  in  18GO ;  volunteered 
as  a  private  in  the  Third  Ohio  Infantry  at  the  begin 
ning  of  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion, 
and  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  in  1861;  took 
part  in  several  battles  in  West  Virginia ;  was  promoted 
colonel  in  18G2,  and  was  conspicuous  in  campaigns  in 
the  South-West;  commanded  a  regiment  at  Perryville 
and  a  brigade  at  Stone  River;  was  commissioned 
brigadier-general  in  1863,  and  commanded  a  brigade 
at  Tallahoma,  Chickamauga,  and  Marion  Ridge ;  wat. 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  (for  the  unexpircd  term  of  C.  S.  Hamilton, 
deceased);  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,193  votes  against  11,250 
votes  for  Benson,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  10,610  votes 
against  9,441  votes  for  James  R.  Hubbell,  Democrat, 
and  312  votes  for  Lindsey,  Prohibitionist,  serving 
from  February  5,  18G8,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Beaty,  Martin,  was  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  defeating  Gaither 
and  T.  J.  Marshall,  and  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as  a  Whig  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  by  Sherrod 
Williams,  Whig-  died  at  South  Fork,  Kentucky. 

Beatty,  William,  was  born  in  Ireland ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  settled  at  Butler,  Penn 
sylvania;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  tfic  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,978 
votes  against  3,617  votes  for  Smith,  Whig,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Beaumont,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  public -school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  defeating  Shoemaker, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1837;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  commissioner 
of  public  buildings  at  Washington,  and  served  from 
November  5,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847;  and  died  at 
Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylvania,  October  30,  1853. 

Beck,  Erasmus  W.,  was  born  at  McDonough, 
Georgia,  October  21, 1833;  received  a  classical  edxica- 
tion,  graduating  at  Mercer  University;  studied  law: 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Griffin,  Georgia;  never  was  a  candidate 
for  or  held  any  public  office  until  he  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  Thomas  J.  Speer),  receiving  9,290 
votes  against  5,858  votes  for  Green,  Republican,  and 
serving  from  December  2,  1872,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Beck,  James  B.,  was  born  in  Dumfriesshire, 
Scotland,  February  13,  1822;  received  an  academic 
education  in  Scotland ;  immigrated  with  his  parents 
to  Lexington,  Kentucky;  entered  the  law  school  of 
Transylvania  University;  graduated  in  1840,  and  has 
since  practised  at  Lexington;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,716  votes  against  1,<564 
votes  for  Brown,  Republican,  and  1,388  votes  for 
Hanson;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  13,019  votes  against  2, 373  votes  forEginton, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,312  votes  against  10,912  votes  for 
Brown,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  13,978  votes  against  6,322 
votes  for  Trabue,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem- 
3er  3,  1867,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Kentucky,  as  a  Democrat  (iu 


278 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


place  of  J.  W.  Stevenson,  Democrat),  for  six  years 
from  March  4,  1877;  was  appointed  in  May,  1870,  a 
member  of  the  commission  to  define  the  Virginia  and 
Maryland  boundary  (in  the  place  of  Ex-Governor  Gra 
ham  of  North  Carolina,  deceased). 

Bedford,  Gunning,  was  born  at  Philadelphia; 
received  a  public-school  education;  served  as  lieuten 
ant  in  the  French  war  of  1755 ;  entered  the  Revolu 
tionary  army  as  major  March  20,  1775;  was  lieu 
tenant-colonel  in  Haslet's  regiment  January  19, 
1770;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  White  Plains, 
and  was  appointed  mustermaster-general  June  18, 
1770 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  old  Con 
gress  1783-1785;  was  elected  governor  of  DelaAvare  in 
1790;  and  died  while  in  office,  at  Newcastle,  Dela 
ware,  September  30,  1797. 

Bedford,  Gunning,  jun.  (cousin  of  Gunning 
Bedford),  was  born  at  Philadelphia  in  1747;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1771;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Dover,  Delaware,  removing 
afterwards  to  Wilmington;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  attorney-general 
of  Delaware;  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  in  the 
Continental  Congress,  serving  from  March  10,  1783, 
to  November,  1780;  was  a  member  of  the  Federal 
Constitutional  Convention ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1789  and  in  1793;  was  appointed  by  President 
Washington  United-States  judge  for  the  district  of 
Delaware  in  1789,  and  occupied  the  position  until  he 
died  at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  March  30,  1812. 

Bedinger,  George  Michael,  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  one  of  the  earliest  emigrants  to 
Kentucky;  served  as  adjutant  in  the  expedition 
against  Chillicothe  in  1779,  as  major  at  the  battle  of 
Blue  Licks  in  1782,  as  major  in  Darke's  regiment  in 
1791,  as  major  commanding  the  Winchester  battalion 
of  sharpshooters  in  the  St.  Clair  expedition  1791, 
and  as  major  commanding  the  third  sub-legion  of 
United-States  infantry  from  April  11,  1792,  to  Febru 
ary  28,  1793 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1795;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Eighth  Congress ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  to  March  3,  18J7;  and  died  at  the  Lower 
Blue  Licks,  Kentucky,  about  1830. 

Bedinger,  Henry,  was  born  near  Shepherds- 
town,  Virginia,  in  1810;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Shcpherdstown;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3, 1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
2,181  votes  against  2,533  votes  for  Faulkner,  Whig; 
was  appointed  charge  d'affaires  to  Denmark  May  24, 
1853,  and  minister  resident  June  29,  1854,  serving 
until  August  10, 1858;  returned  home;  and  died  near 
Shepherdstown,  Virginia,  November  20,  1858. 

Bee,  Thomas,  was  born  in  the  province  of  South 
Carolina  in  1729;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  of  South  Carolina;  was  a  member 
of  the  Royal  Privy  Council ;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
Revolution,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Council  of 
Safety;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  South  Carolina; 
was  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1780-1782;  was  judge  of  the  United-States 
Court  for  the  district  of  South  Carolina;  published  in 
1810  "Reports  of  the  District  Courts  of  South  Caro 
lina." 

Beebe,  George  M.,  was  born  at  Mount  Vernon, 
New  York,  October  28,  1830 ;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law  at  the  Law  University  at 
Albany;  graduated  in  1857,  and  commenced  practice; 
removed  to  Kansas  in  1859;  was  a  member  of  the 
Territorial  Council,  secretary  of  the  treasury,  and 
acting  governor;  removed  to  Nevada  in  1803;  was 


appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue,  but  declined; 
returned  to  Monticello,  New  York,  and  edited  "  The 
Republican  Watchman;"  was  president  of  the  State 
Democratic  Conventions  of  New  York  in  1873  and 
1874;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in. 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
14,518  votes  against  11,220  votes  for  Everett,  Repub 
lican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  17,732  votes  against  14,000  votes  for  Halsted 
Sweet,  serving  from  December  0,  1875. 

Beecher,  Philemon,  was  born  at  New  Haven, 
Connecticut,  in  1775 ;  received  a  classical  education ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice ;  removed 
to  Ohio,  and  became  noted  as  a  successful  law  pre 
ceptor;  was  deputy  grand  master  of  Masons  of  Ohio; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  as  a  Federalist,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  the  Seventeenth  Congress  by  David  Chambers ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  defeating 
D.  Chambers  500  votes ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-first  Congress  by  W.  W. 
Irwin,  who  received  1,100  majority;  died  at  Lan 
caster,  Chio,  November  30,  1839. 

Beekman,  Thomas,  was  a  native  of  New  York, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Beers,  Cyrus,  was  born  in  the  city  of  New  York ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Andrew  D.  W. 
Bruyn,  deceased),  serving  from  December  3,  1838,  to 
March  3,  1839. 

Beeson,  Henry  W.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Begole,  Josiah  W.,  was  born  at  Grovcland, 
New  York,  January  20,  1815;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  Genesee  County, 
Michigan,  then  an  unbroken  wilderness,  in  August, 
1830;  taught  district  school  during  the  winters  of 
1837  and  1838 ;  commenced  work  as  a  farmer  March 
15,  1839,  and  followed  that  occupation  until  1850; 
was  elected  county  treasurer  four  successive  terms 
from  1850  to  1804;  commenced  the  lumbering  busi 
ness  in  1863;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1871 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen  for  the  city 
of  Flint  for  three  years;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Na 
tional  Republican  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in 
1872;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michigan 
in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  19,470  votes  against  13,994  votes  for  A.  C. 
Baldwin,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1875. 

Beirne,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Ireland;  immi 
grated  to  Virginia,  and  settled  at  Union,  Monroe 
County;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Van  Buren  Demo 
crat,  defeating  Andre  wDonelly,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  2,745  votes 
against  1,721  votes  for  P.  B.  Wetherel,  Whig,  and 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Belcher,  Hiram,  was  born  at  Augusta,  Maine 
(then  Massachusetts),  June  10,  1790;  received  a 
classical  education  at  Hallowell  Academy;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Augusta  in  1812;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,087  votes  against 
3,487  votes  for  Cutter,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  0,  1847,  to  March  3, 1849;  died  at  Augusta, 
Maine,  May  7,  1857. 

Belcher,  Nathan,  was  born  at  Griswold,  Con- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


279 


necticut,  June  23,  1813;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Amherst  College  in  1832;  studied 
law  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1830,  and  commenced  practice  at  Clinton, 
Connecticut;  removed  to  New  London  in  1841; 
relinquished  the  practice  of  law,  and  became  a  manu 
facturer;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  184(5  and  1847,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1850 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and 
King  ticket  in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5.  1853,  to  March 
3,  1855. 

Belden,  George  O.,  was  born  in  the  city  of 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
tieth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  3, 1827,  to 
March  3,  1829. 

Belford,  James  B.,  was  born  at  Lewistown, 
Pennsylvania,  September  28,  1837;  was  educated  at 
Dickinson  College ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  removed  to  the  Territory  of  Colorado  in 
1870,  having  been  appointed  a  justice  of  the  Terri 
torial  Supreme  Court,  and  held  that  office  until 
elected  a  representative  from  Colorado,  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,308  votes  against  12,310  votes  for 
Thomas  M.  Patterson,  Democrat;  was  elected  at  the 
same  time  to  the  Forty-iiftli  Congress,  receiving  a 
majority  of  1,038  over  Thomas  M.  Patterson  (who 
claimed  that  he  was  subsequently  legally  elected  at 
an  election  held  on  the  7th  of  November),  and  serv 
ing  from  January  31,  1877,  when  he  was  admitted  to 
his  seat  by  the  House. 

Bell,  Hiram,  was  born  in  Vermont;  received  a 
public-school  education;  removed  to  Greenville, 
Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
8,014  votes  against  5,181  votes  for  John  A.  Corwin, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853; 
died  at  Greenville,  Ohio,  December  21,  1855. 

Bell,  Hiram  P.,  was  born  in  Jackson  County, 
Georgia,  January  27,  1827;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  taught  school  for  two  years,  during  which 
time  he  read  law ;  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  No 
vember  28,  1849;  has  since  practised  at  dimming, 
Georgia;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  presidential 
elector  on  the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Secession  Convention  with 
out  opposition  in  1801,  and  opposed  the  secession 
ordinance;  was  a  commissioner  from  Georgia  to 
solicit  the  co-operation  of  Tennessee  in  the  forma 
tion  of  a  Southern  Confederacy;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1801,  and  resigned  to  remain  in 
the  Confederate  army,  which  he  entered  in  March, 
1802,  as  captain,  and  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel 
and  colonel  of  the  Forty-third  Georgia  Regiment;  was 
dangerously  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Chickasaw 
Bayou,  Mississippi,  December  29,  1802;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Second  Confederate  Congress  in  1804,  1865; 
was  a  United-States  presidential  elector  on  the  Sey 
mour  and  Blair  ticket  in  1808;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Democratic  Executive  Committee  1808-1871; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,168 
votes  against  4, 168  votes  forDarrall,  Republican,  and 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  St.  Louis  that  nominated  Tilden  and  Hen- 
dricks;  was  chosen  a  member  from  the  State  at 
large  of  the  Democratic  National  Executive  Com 
mittee;  was  again  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  election  of  Benjamin  II.  Hill  to  the 
United-States  Senate),  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 5, 173 
votes  against  3,734  votes  for  Emory  Speer,  Independ 
ent  Democrat,  and  1,014  votes  for 'Martin  R.  Archer, 
Republican. 

Bell,  James  (son  of  Samuel  Bell),  was  born  at 
Fraucistown,  Hillsborough  County,  New  Hampshire, 
November  13,  1804;  received  a  classical  education, 


graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1822 ;  studied  law 
at  the  Litchfield  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1825,  and  commenced  practice  at  Gilmanton, 
New  Hampshire;  removed  in  1831  to  Exeter,  and 
thence  in  1840  to  Guilford;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1840 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1850; 
Wc-vs  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in 
1854  and  1855;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  New  Hampshire,  as  a  Whig  (by  a  coalition  with 
the  friends  of  John  P.  Hale),  serving  from  December 
3,  1855,  to  his  death  at  Laconia,  New  Hampshire 
(whither  he  had  gone  from  Washington  to  recruit  his 
health),  May  20,  1857. 

Bell,  James  M.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Clay 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 

o     ioor 
O,  loOO. 

Bell,  John,  was  born  near  Nashville,  Tennessee, 
February  15,  1797;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  University  of  Nashville  in  1814; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Franklin,  Tennessee;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  in  1817;  declined  re-election,  and 
became  eminent  in  his  profession;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  a  majority  of  1,010  votes  over  Felix 
Grundy,  both  Democrats;  and  was  successively  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  as 
a  Whig,  presiding  as  speaker  the  second  session  of  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  and  serving  from  December 
7,  1829,  until  March  3,  1841 ;  was  appointed  in  1841 
secretary  of  war  by  President  Harrison,  but  resigned 
October  12,  1841 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  of  Tennessee  in  1847 ;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate,  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  0,  1847,  until  March  3,  1859;  was  nominat 
ed  for  President,  with  Edward  Everett  for  Vice-Pres 
ident,  and  defeated;  became  concerned  in  large  iron 
works  at  Chattanooga;  and  died  at  his  home,  near 
Cumberland  River,  near  Nashville,  September  10, 
1809. 

Bell,  John,  of  Fremont,  Ohio,  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  that  State  in  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Amos 
E.  Wood),  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,014  votes  against 
7,088  votes  for  Holt,  Democrat,  serving  from  January 
7,  1851,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Bell,  JoshuaF.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Danville,  Ken 
tucky;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
0,044  votes  'against  5,965  votes  for  Caldwell,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847; 
declined  a  re-election;  was  appointed  secretary  of 
state  of  Kentucky  in  July,  1849,  in  the  place  of  Or 
lando  Brown,  resigned;  was  a  delegate  from  Ken 
tucky  to  the  Peace  Convention  of  1861 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1805; 
died  in  Kentucky,  August  20,  1870. 

Bell,  Peter  Hansbrough,  was  born  in  Virgin 
ia;  received  a  public-school  education ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  removed  to  Texas;  was 
captain  of  Texas  Volunteer  Rangers  1845-1840 ;  served 
in  the  Mexican  war  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  mount 
ed  volunteers ;  was  colonel  of  a  Texas  volunteer 
regiment  raised  for  frontier  defence  in  1848-1849; 
resumed  practice ;  was  governor  of  Texas  1849-1853 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,750 
votes  against  2,401  votes  for  Caruthers,  Whig,  3,911 
for  Scurry,  Democrat,  3,052  for  Lewis,  Democrat,  and 
1,429  for 'Blake,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  14,379  votes  against 
9,496  votes  for  Hancock,  American,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Texas. 


280 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Bell,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Londonderry,  New 
Hampshire,  February  9,  1770;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1793; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1796,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Chester,  New  Hampshire; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1804-1808, 
serving  as  speaker;  and  was  State  senator  in  1807- 
1808;  was  a  State  councillor  in  1809;  was  judge  of  the 
State  Supreme  Court  in  1816-1819;  was  governor  of 
New  Hampshire  1819-1823;  was  elected  to  the  Unit 
ed-States  Senate,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  March 
4, 1823,  until  March  3, 1S35.  He  died  at  Chester,  New 
Hampshire,  December  23,  1850. 

Bell,  Samuel  N.,  was  born  at  Chester,  New 
Hampshire,  March  25, 1829;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College,  New  Hampshire,  in  1847;  studied  law,  and 
practised  at  Manchester;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,404  votes  against  10,526 
votes  for  A.  F.  Stevens,  Republican,  and  202  votes 
for  W.  H.  Gove,  Labor  Reform,  and  scattering; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  13,084  votes  against  12,930  votes  for  Austin 
S.  Pike,  Republican,  and  204  scattering,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 1875;  was  appointed  chief 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Hampshire. 

Bellows,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Walpole,  New 
Hampshire,  October  6,  1740;  was  elected  town-clerk 
when  nineteen  years  of  age,  and  was  successively 
elected  until  1776 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  and 
afterward  of  the  State  legislature,  State  senator,  and 
State  councillor;  was  appointed  a  delegate  from  New 
Hampshire  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1781,  but 
his  business  engagements  forced  him  to  decline;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Convention  that  ratified  the 
Federal  Constitution  in  1788;  was  president  of  the 
electoral  college  of  New  Hampshire  which  voted  for 
Washington  in  1789,  and  a  member  of  the  electoral 
college  which  voted  for  John  Adams  in  1797;  in  the 
Colonial  and  State  militia  he  rose  from  the  grade  of 
corporal  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general,  serving 
during  the  Revolutionary  war  as  colonel.  He  died 
at  Walpole  in  June,  1802. 

Bellinger,  Joseph,  was  born  in  South  Carolina, 
and  was  a  presidential  elector  from  that  State  on  the 
Madison  and  Clinton  ticket;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
defeating  Joseph  Chappell  and  John  C.  Allen,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  April  20,  1818. 

Belser,  James  B.,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  learned  a  trade ; 
removed  to  Montgomeiy,  Alabama,  where  he  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  elected  clerk 
of  the  county  court,  and  subsequently  county  soli 
citor;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,177  votes  against  3,881  votes  for  J.  W.  A.  Pcttit, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1843,  and  declining  a  re-election;  in  1848  he  was 
among  those  Alabama  Democrats  who  espoused  the 
cause  of  General  Taylor  for  the  presidency ;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1853 
and  in  1855;  and  died  at  Montgomery,  Alabama,  Jan 
uary  16,  1859. 

Benedict,  Charles  B.,  was  born  at  Attica,  New 
York,  February  7,  1828;  received  a  common-school 
and  academic  education ;  studied  law,  and  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1856;  engaged  in  the  business  of 
banking  at  Attica  in  May,  1860 ;  was  for  five  years  a 
member  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Wyoming  Coun 
ty  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Democratic  State  Commit 
tee  in  1875 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Tilden 
and  Hendricks  ticket  in  1876;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,251  votes  against 
11,847  votes  for  George  G.  Hoskin,  Republican,  and 
2,327  votes  for  Thomas  T.  Flugler,  Republican. 

Benjamin,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Cicero,  New 
York,  January  23,  1817 ;  received  a  public-school  ed 
ucation;  removed  to  Texas,  where  he  passed  three 


years,  and  thence  to  Missouri ;  sttidied  law,  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Shelby- 
ville  in  1848;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1850  and  1852;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856 ;  entered  tho 
Union  army  in  1861  as  a  cavalry  private,  and  was 
subsequently  promoted  captain,  major,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  brigadier-general;  was  provost-marshal 
of  the  eighth  district  of  Missouri  in  1863  and  1864; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  Baltimore  in  1864;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as 
a  Radical,  receiving  8,536  votes  against  2,978  votes 
for  Glover,  Conservative ;  was  re-elected  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  receiving  7,601  votes  against  6,069 
votes  for  Glover,  Conservative ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  8,954  votes  against 
7,348  vote  for  Williams,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869;  practised  law 
and  prosecuted  claims  at  Washington  City  until  his 
death  there,  March  8,  1877. 

Benjamin,  Judah  Peter,  was  born  in  St.  Do 
mingo  in  1812,  and  Avas  brought  to  Savannah  by  his 
parents  in  1816;  received  a  liberal  education,  and  en 
tered  Yale  College,  but  left,  without  graduating,  in 
1827 ;  removed  to  New  Orleans  in  1831 ;  taught  school ; 
was  a  notary's  clerk ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1831,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1845;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  in  1853  as  a  Whig,  and 
re-elected  in  1859  as  a  Conservative,  serving  from 
March  4,  1853,  until  he  resigned,  February  4,  1861 ; 
was  appointed  attorney-general  of  the  Southern  Con 
federacy  February  21,  1861;  was  expelled  from  the 
United-States  Senate  March  14,  1861;  was  appointed 
in  August,  1861,  acting  secretary  of  war  of  the  South 
ern  Confederacy,  and  was  secretary  of  war  from 
November  10,  1861,  until  February  7,  1862,  when  he 
was  appointed  secretary  of  state ;  removed  to  Great 
Britain,  and  became  a  member  of  the  bar  at  London, 
receiving  the  appointment  of  queen's  counsel  for 
Lancaster,  and  enjoying  a  lucrative  practice. 

Bennet,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  1762;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  theology,  and  was 
ordained  as  a  Baptist  minister  at  Middletown,  New 
Jersey;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  January  15,  1816, 
to  March  3,  1819;  died  at  Middletown,  New  Jersey, 
October  8,  1840. 

Bennett,  David  S.,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  16,004  votes  against  14,293 
votes  for  Verplanck,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Bennett,  Henry,  was  born  at  New  Lisbon,  New 
York,  September  29,  1808;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1832,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Berlin,  New 
York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
8,014  votes  against  6,394  votes  for  Mason,  Cass 
Democrat,  and  2,839  votes  for  Smith,  Van  Buren. 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,170  votes  against  8,191  votes  for 
Taylor,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  9,876  votes  against  9,534 
votes  for  Smith,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,757  votes  against 
5,579  votes  for  Tompkins,  Hard  Democrat,  and  2,077 
votes  for  Crocker,  Soft  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  13,359  votes  against  8,192  votes  for  Hyde,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1859. 

Bennett,  Henry  S.,  was  born  in  Williamson 
County,  Tennessee,  Marcli7,  1807;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Mississippi 
in  1830;  was  circuit  judge  1846-1854;  was  elected 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


281 


a  representative  in  Congress  from  Mississippi  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  5,930  votes  against  5,554  votes  for  Houston, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1855.  to 
March  3,  1857. 

Bennett,  Hiram  P.,  was  born  at  Carthage, 
Maine,  September  2,  1826;  received  a  public-schoo 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Western  Iowa,  where  he 
was  elected  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1852 ;  re 
moved  into  Nebraska  Territory  in  1854,  and  was  that 
year  elected  a  member  of  the  territorial  council, 
was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1858,  and  chosen  speaker;  removed  to  Colorado  Ter 
ritory  in  1850,  and  was  elected  its  delegate  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Conservative  Repub 
lican,  receiving  3,065  votes  against  2,754  votes  for 
Francisco,  Democrat,  and  2,312  votes  for  Gilpin, 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1861,  until 
March  3,  18(55 ;  was  appointed  secretary  of  state  of 
Colorado  in  March,  1867. 

Bennett,  Thomas  W.,  was  born  in  Union 
County,  Indiana,  February  16,  1831;  was  educated 
at  the  Indiana  Asbury  University,  where  he  gradu 
ated  at  the  Law  School  in  July,  1854,  and  com 
menced  practice ;  was  elected  to  the  Indiana  State 
Senate  in  1858,  and  resigned  in  1861  to  enter  the 
Union  army;  was  commissioned  a  captain  in  the 
Fifteenth  Regiment  Indiana  Volunteers  in  April, 
1861,  major  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Regiment,  Septem 
ber,  1861,  colonel  of  the  Sixty-ninth  Regiment  in 
August,  1862,  and  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
in  March,  1865 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
in  October,  1864,  serving  until  March,  1867;  was 
elected  mayor  of  the  city  of  Richmond,  Indiana, 
May,  1809,  serving  two  years ;  was  appointed  govern 
or  of  Idaho  Territory  in  September,  1871,  serving 
until  December  4,  1875,  when  he  resigned  upon 
regarding  himself  as  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  Independent  candidate;  but  the 
House  gave  the  seat  to  his  opponent,  S.  S.  Fenn, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  June 
23,  1876. 

Benson,  Egbert,  was  born  in  New- York  City, 
June  21,  1746;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Columbia  College  in  1765;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
York;  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  Revolutionary 
Committee  of  Safety;  was  appointed  in  1777  the  first 
attorney-general  of  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the 
first  State  legislature  in  1777;  was  one  of  the  three 
commissioners  to  direct  the  embarkation  of  the 
Tory  refugees  for  the  loyal  British  provinces  in  1783; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  serving  from  1784  to  1788;  was  elected  a 
'representative  from  New  York  in  the  First  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Second  Congress,  serving 
from  April  9,  1789,  to  March  3,  1793;  was  regent  of 
the  New- York  University  1789-1802;  was  judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  New  York  1784-1801;  was 
judge  of  the  United-States  Circuit  Court;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  on  the  "  Peace 
and  Commerce  ticket,"  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
until  he  resigned,  August  2,  1813;  was  the  first 
president  of  the  New- York  Historical  Society;  and 
died  at  Jamaica,  Long  Island,  August  24,  1833.  He 
wrote  and  published  "Vindication  of  the  Captors  of 
Major  Andre"  in  1817,  and  "Memoir  on  Dutch 
Names  of  Places  "  in  1835. 

Benson,  Samuel  P.,  was  born  at  Winthrop, 
Maine;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Bowdoin  College  in  1825 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Winthrop; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Maine 
1834-1S36;  was  secretary  of  state  of  Maine  1838- 
1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,708 
votes  against  5,433  votes  for  Porter,  Democrat,  and 
1,580  votes  for  May,  Free-Soil ;  was  re-elected  to 


the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  11,610  votes  against  3,467  votes  for  Rogers, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1857 ;  resumed  practice,  and  was  appointed  one  of 
the  overseers  of  Bowdoin  College. 

Benton,  Charles  S.,  was  born  and  raised  in 
Maine;  removed  to  Mohawk,  New  York;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,750  votes 
against  4,870  for  Frey,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  7,691  votes  against 
5,706  votes  for  Alexander,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Benton,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Waterford,  Ver 
mont,  August  14,  1819;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation  ;  engaged  in  teaching  for  several  years ;  studied 
law ;  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Lancaster,  New  Hampshire ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1854,  1855,  and 
1856;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  in  1860;  was  brigadier-general,  com 
manding  the  State  volunteers;  was  elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,294 
votes  against  10,246  for  Bingham,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-h'rst  Congress,  serving 
from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Benton,  Lemuel,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  a  classical  education ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Third  Congress ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Con 
gresses,  sen-ing  from  June  9,  1794,  to  March  3,  1799. 
He  was  prevented,  by  indisposition  in  his  family, 
from  taking  his  seat  in  the  Fourth  Congress  until 
the  last  day  of  the  first  session,  six  months  after  its 
commencement;  and  he  notified  the  House  that  he 
was  not  willing  to  qualify  unless  it  could  be  noted 
on  the  journal  that  he  declined  receiving  compensa 
tion  or  travelling-expenses. 

Benton,  Thomas  Hart,  was  born  at  Hart's 
Mill,  near  Hillsborough,  North  Carolina,  March  14, 
1782;  received  a  classical  education,  and  was  a 
student  at  Chapel-hill  College;  studied  law  at  Wil 
liam  and  Mary  College ;  removed  to  Nashville,  Ten 
nessee,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  as 
aide-de-camp  to  General  Jackson;  was  colonel  of  a 
regiment  of  Tennessee  volunteers  from  December, 
1812,  to  April,  1813;  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Thirty-ninth  United-States  Infantry  1813-1815;  re 
moved  to  St.  Louis,  where  he  practised  law,  and 
edited  "The  Missouri  Inquirer;"  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Missouri  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  five  times  re-elected,  serving  from  August 
10,  1821,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  for  the  seventh  time 
a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  United-States  Senate, 
jut  was  defeated  on  the  fortieth  ballot,  receiving  55 
votes  against  80  votes  for  Henry  S.  Geyer,  and  20 
scattering  votes;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Missouri- 
Compromise  Democrat,  receiving  8,437  votes  against 
7,565  votes  for  Carpenter,  Whig,  and  2,566  votes  for 
Bogy,  Southern  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
5,298  votes  against  6,259  votes  for  Kennett,  National 
American ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  governor 
of  Missouri  in  1856,  receiving  27,576  votes  against 
46,425  votes  for  Polk,  Democrat,  and  41,076  votes  for 
Swing,  American;  devoted  himself  to  the  comple- 
ion  of  his  "Abridgment  of  Congressional  Debates" 
at  Washington  City,  and  died  there  April  10,  1858. 

Beresford,  Richard,  was  a  native  of  South 
Carolina;  and  was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  serving  from  May  30,  1783,  to 
June  8,  1784. 

Bergen,  Tennis  Gr.,  was  born  at  Brooklyn,  New 
York,  October  6,  1806;  received  an  academical  educa- 
ion  at  Flushing;  was  a  horticulturist  and  land  sur- 
•eyor;  served  in  the  State  volunteer  militia  as  ser 
geant,  and  was  regularly  promoted  until  he  became 
colonel;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 


282 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Convention  of  1846;  was  a  member  of  the  National 
Democratic  Conventions  at  Baltimore  and  Charleston 
in  18(50;  was  supervisor  of  New  Utrecht  for  twenty- 
three  years ;  and  was  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,63'J  votes  against 
8,829  votes  for  Samuel  T.  Maddox,  Republican. 

Bergen,  John  T.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1833. 

Bernhisel,  John  M.,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  Pennsylvania,  June  23,  1799;  received  a 
liberal  education;  studied  medicine,  and  graduated 
from  the  medical  department  of  the  Pennsylvania 
University;  removed  to  Utah;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Utah  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  and  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Berrien,  John  Macpherson,  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  August  23, 1781 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  in  1796 ;  studied  law  at  Savan 
nah,  the  residence  of  his  father,  under  Honorable 
Joseph  Clay;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799;  com 
menced  practice  at  Louisville,  then  the  capital  of 
Georgia,  and  afterwards  removed  to  Savannah ;  was 
elected  solicitor  of  the  eastern  judicial  circuit  of 
Georgia  in  1899;  was  judge  of  the  same  circuit 
1810-1821;  was  captain  of  the  Georgia  Hussars,  a 
Savannah  volunteer  company  in  the  war  of  1812- 
1815;  was  State  senator  1822-1823;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  from  Georgia,  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  took  his  seat  March  4,  1825,  and  served  until 
March  9,  1829,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  from 
President  Jackson  the  position  of  attorney-general; 
resigned  as  attorney-general  December  27,  1831 ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate,  as  a  Whig ; 
took  his  seat  May  31,  1841 ;  was  re-elected  in  1847, 
and  resigned  May  28,  1852 ;  and  died  of  an  inflam 
mation  of  the  kidneys  at  Savannah,  Georgia,  January 
1,  1856. 

Berry,  John,  was  born  April  26,  1833,  in  that 
portion  of  Crawford  County,  Ohio,  which  is  now 
Wyandotte  County;  received  a  liberal  English  educa 
tion  at  the  common  schools  and  the  Ohio  Wesleyan 
University  at  Delaware ;  graduated  at  the  Law  School 
of  the  Cincinnati  College ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  April,  1857,  and  commenced  practice  at  Upper 
Sandusky ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  of  Wyan 
dotte  County  in  1862,  and  again  in  1864;  never  held, 
or  was  a  candidate  for,  any  other  office,  until  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,668  votes 
against  9,925  votes  for  T.  E.  Douglas,  Republican, 
and  serving  from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Bethune,  Laughlm,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  North  Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1817,  1818,  1821,  and 
1827;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina,  receiving  3,082  votes  against  3,073  votes  forE.  De 
Berry,  anti-Jackson  Democrat,  and  in  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1831,  until  March 3,  1833;  was  defeated 
as  the  Jackson  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  by  Edward  De  Berry,  anti-Jackson 
Democrat,  who  had  37  majority;  died  at  Fayetteville, 
North  Carolina,  in  1856. 

Bethune,  Marion,  of  Talbotton,  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  and  was  admitted  to  his  seat  January  16,  1871, 
serving  until  March  3,  1871. 

Betton,  Silas,  was  born  at  Londonderry,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1764;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1787 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Eighth 
Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807;  was 
for  several  years  high  sheriff  of  llockingham  County; 
and  died  at  Salem,  New  Hampshire,  in  1822. 

Bettg,  Samuel  Rossiter,  was  born  at  Rich 
mond,  Massachusetts,  Juno  8,  1707;  was  reared  0:1 


his  father's  farm;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Williams  College  in  1806 ;  studied  law  at 
Hudson,  New  York;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Sullivan  County;  served  as 
judge-advocate  of  volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York,  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  removed  to  New- 
burgh,  New  York,  where  he  practised;  was  appointed 
circuit  judge  under  the  new  State  constitution  in  1823 ; 
was  appointed  in  1826  judge  of  the  United-States 
District  Court  for  the  southern  district  of  New  York, 
and  occupied  the  position  until  he  resigned  in  1807; 
died  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  November  2,  1868. 
Published  in  1838  a  valuable  work  on  "Admiralty 
Practice." 

Betts,  Thaddeus,  was  born  at  Norwalk,  Con 
necticut;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Yale  College  in  1807;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Norwalk; 
filled  several  important  public  positions;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Connecticut,  as  a  Whig, 
for  six  years,  from  March  4,  1839;  and  served  from 
December  9,  1839,  until  he  died,  at  Washington,  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia,  April  8,  1840. 

Beveridge,  John  L.,  was  born  at  Greenwich, 
New  York,  July  6,  1824;  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and 
received  a  common-school  education ;  emigrated  to 
Illinois  in  1842,  and  received  further  education  at 
Rock-river  Seminary;  taught  school  in  Tennessee, 
and  read  law,  from  1846  to  1851 ;  practised  law  in 
Chicago;  served  four  years  in  the  Union  army  as 
major  and  colonel  of  cavalry;  was  sheriff  of  Cook 
County,  Illinois,  two  years,  from  November,  1866; 
was  elected  State  senator  in  November,  1870,  and 
resigned  when  nominated  as  a  Republican  to  fill  the 
vacancy  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  caused  by  the 
election  of  John  A.  Logan,  member-elect  to  the  Sen 
ate;  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois,  re 
ceiving  137,920  votes  against  115,337  votes  for  S.  S. 
Hayes,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  January  4,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1873 ;  was  elected  governor  of  Illinois,  in 
1873,  for  four  years. 

Bibb,  George  M.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1772; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1792;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Kentucky ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  and 
Senate;  was  three  times  elected  chief  justice  of 
Kentucky;  was  chancellor  of  the  Louisville  Court  of 
Chancery;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Kentucky,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  1814, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  again  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Kentucky,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  secretary  of  the  treasury 
under  President  Tyler,  serving  from  June  15,  1844, 
to  March  3,  1845;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at 
Washington ;  was  a  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  attorney- 
general;  and  died  at  Georgetown,  District  of  Colum 
bia.  April  14,  1859. 

Bibb,  William  WVatt,  was  born  in  Virginia, 
October  1,  1780;  received  a  classical  education;  stud 
ied  medicine,  and  graduated  at  the  medical  depart 
ment  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1801 ; 
removed  to  Georgia;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  Georgia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  Thomas 
Spalding,  resigned),  and  re-elected  to  the  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses  on  general  ticket, 
serving  from  January  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1813;  Avas 
United-States  senator  from  1813  to  1816  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  W.  II.  Craw 
ford,  appointed  minister  to  France);  removed  to  the 
Alabama  territory,  and  was  elected  the  first  governor 
under  the  State  constitution  in  1819.  He  died  at 
Fort  Jp.ckson,  while  in  ofiice,  July  9,  1820. 

Bibighaus,  Thomas  M.,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania  in  1816;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  ill 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


283 


the  Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
5.596  votes  against  5,489  votes  for  Power,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 

Bicknell,  Bennet,  was  born  at  Mansfield,  Con 
necticut,  in  1803;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Morrisville,  New  York;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Assembly  in  1812,  and  a  State  senator 
1815-1818;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839; 
and  died  at  Morrisville,  Madison  County,  New  York, 
1S63. 

Bicknell,  George  Augustus,  was  born  at 
Philadelphia,  and  was  reared  there ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Penn 
sylvania;  studied  law  at  the  Law  School  of  Yale  Col 
lege;  removed  to  Scott  County,  Indiana,  in  1846; 
was  elected  fence-viewer  in  1847,  county  prosecutor 
in  1848,  circuit  prosecutor  in  1850,  and  judge  of  the 
second  judicial  circuit  in  1852,  holding  the  last-named 
position  twenty-four  years  by  four  successive  re-elec 
tions  ;  was  professor  of  law  at  the  University  of  Indi 
ana  1861-1870;  and  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  17,225  votes 
against  11,57(5  for  Ncwsom,  Republican,  and  1,034 
votes  for  G.  W.  Carr,  Independent. 

Biddle,  Charles  John  (son  of  Nicholas  Biddle), 
was  born  at  Philadelphia  in  1819;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1837; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Philadelphia;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war,  receiving  the  brevet  of  major  for  gal 
lant  and  meritorious  services ;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  at  Philadelphia;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1861  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Reserve  Corps;  was  elected  while  in  military  service 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
resignation  of  E.  Joy  Morris),  as  a  Democrat,  sen-ing 
from  December  2,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  0,063  votes  against  8,614 
votes  for  C.  O'Neill,  Republican;  and  died  at  Phila 
delphia,  September  28,  1873. 

Biddle,  Edward  (uncle  of  Richard  Biddle),  was 
born  at  Philadelphia  in  1739;  served  in  the  French 
war  as  lieutenant  and  captain  1756-1763;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Reading,  Pennsylvania ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Old  Congress, 
serving  in  1774-1775;  arid  died  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land,  September  5,  1779. 

Biddle,  John,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  March  9,  1789;  served  in  the  army  during 
the  war  of  1812;  was  subsequently  paymaster  and 
Indian  agent ;  removed  to  Detroit,  Michigan,  and  was 
the  delegate  from  that  Territory  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  defeating  Rev.  Mr.  Richard,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  appointed 
register  of  the  land-office  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  in 
1831 ;  visited  Europe;  and  died  at  the  White  Sulphur 
Springs,  Virginia,  August  25,  1859. 

Biddle,  Richard  (nephew  of  Edward  Biddle), 
was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  March  25, 
1796;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania;  visited  England,  where  he 
made  important  historical  investigations,  1827-1830; 
resumed  practice  on  his  return ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,090  votes  against  4,383 
votes  for  James  Power,  Democrat,  sen-ing  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  his  resignation  in  1840;  died  at 
Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  July  7, 1847.  He  published 
a  "  Life  of  Sebastian  Cabot"  in  1831. 

Bidlack,  Benjamin  A.,  was  born  at  Wilkes- 
barre,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 


as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,007  votes  against  2,716 
votes  for  Willits,  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841, 
to  March  3,  1845;  was  appointed  charge  d'affaires  to 
Colombia,  May  14,  1845 ;  and  died  in  office  at  Bogota, 
Colombia,  February  6,  1849. 

Bidwell,  Barnabas,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1785;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachu 
setts  House  of  Representatives  1805-1807;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March 
3,  1807;  was  attorney-general  of  Massachusetts  1807- 
1810;  died  1833. 

Bidwell,  John,  was  born  in  Chautauqua  County, 
New  York,  Augusts,  1819;  removed  with  his  father's 
family  to  Erie,  Pennsylvania,  in  1829,  and  again  to 
Ashtabula  County,  Ohio,  in  1829;  was  educated  at 
Kingsville  Academy;  taught  school;  crossed  the 
plains  to  California  in  1841 ;  served  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  attaining  the  rank  of  major;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  convention  which  framed  the  first  con 
stitution  of  California;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  California  in  1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Charleston  in 
1860 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Unionist,  receiving 
18,018  votes  against  14,249  votes  for  Temple,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1867 ;  was  defeated  as  candidate  for  governor  of  Cali 
fornia  in  1875. 

Biery,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Venango  County, 
Pennsylvania,  March  2,  1839;  received  an  academic 
education;  taught  school  several  years;  studied  the 
ology  two  years  and  a  half;  afterward  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  fall  of  1868,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Allentown ;  in  1869  was  the  Re 
publican  candidate  from  Lehigh  County  for  the 
lower  house  of  the  Pennsylvania  legislature,  run 
ning  ahead  of  his  ticket  235  votes;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,916  votes 
against  11,340  votes  for  William  II.  Witte,  and  3,777 
votes  for  E.  L.  Acker,  serving  from  December  1, 1873, 
to  March  3,  1875. 

Bigby,  John  Summerfield,  was  born  in 
Coweta  County,  Georgia,  February  13,  1832;  was 
educated  at  the  county  schools;  received  a  classical 
education  at  Emory  College,  Oxford,  Georgia,  in 
1853;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  18G7-18G8; 
was  solicitor-general  of  the  Tallapoosa  circuit  from 
August,  1867,  to  September  22,  1868;  was  judge  of 
the  superior  courts  of  the  Tallapoosa  circuit  from 
September  22, 1868,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  by  a  majority  of  1,600 
over  Wright,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871, 
to  March  3,  1873. 

Bigelow,  Abijall,  was  born  at  Westminster, 
Massachusetts,  Decembers,  1775;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1795; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1798,  and 
commenced  practice  in  the  courts  of  Worcester 
County,  Massachusetts;  was  town-clerk  of  Leomin- 
ster  for  five  years;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  Stead- 
man),  as  a  Federalist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth  and  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  sen-ing  from 
December  14, 1810,  to  March  3, 1815;  was  clerk  of  the 
courts  of  Worcester  County  1817-1833 ;  was  appointed 
a  master  in  chancery  in  1838;  and  died  April  4,  1860. 

Bigelow,  Lewis,  was  born  in  Worcester  County, 
Massachusetts,  in  1783;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Williams  College  in  1803;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Worcester;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


284 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Massachusetts  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  defeat 
ing  Jonas  Kendall,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  to  March  3,  182;};  was  the  editor  of  the  first 
seventeen  volumes  of  Massachusetts  Reports,  and  of 
a  Digest  of  six  volumes  of  Pickering's  Reports;  re 
moved  to  Peoria,  Illinois;  was  clerk  of  the  Peoria- 
county  court;  and  died  at  Peoria,  Illinois,  October  3, 
1888, 

Bigger,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Warren  County, 
Ohio,  December  16,  1799;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Athens  University;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Fort  Wayne,  Indiana;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  until  March  3,  1835; 
was  governor  of  Indiana  1840-1843;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1843  by  James 
Whitcomb,  Democrat;  died  at  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana, 
in  1845. 

Biggs,  Asa,  was  born  at  Williamston,  North 
Carolina,  February  4,  1811;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1831,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  North  Carolina  in  1835 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1840  and  1842,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1844  and  1854;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  3,695  votes  against  3,548  votes  for 
Outlaw,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1845, 
until  March  3,  1847;  was  one  of  a  commission  to 
codify  the  State  laws  of  North  Carolina  in  1850;  was 
elected  United-States  senator,  as  a  Democrat,  for  six 
years  from  March  3,  1853,  and  resigned  May,  1858, 
when  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  United- 
States  judge  for  the  district  of  North  Carolina. 

Biggs,  Benjamin  T.,  was  born  at  Summit 
Bridge,  Delaware,  October  1,  1821;  spent  his  youth 
upon  a  farm;  attended  the  Pcnnington  Seminary  for 
two  years,  and  afterwards  taught  school  for  a  short 
time;  was  subsequently  a  student  in  the  Wesleyan 
University  of  Connecticut,  but  left  it  on  account  of 
his  health;  in  1847  he  turned  his  whole  attention  to 
farming ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1853;  subsequently  took  an  interest  in 
railroad  operations,  and  was  elected  director  in  the 
Kent  and  Queen  Anne's  Railroad  Company;  was  a 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1860,  in  opposition  to  Judge 
Fisher,  and  was  defeated  by  247  votes ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,961  votes  against 
7,636  votes  for  Torbert,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  11,446  votes 
against  9,150  votes  for  T.  J.  Heald,  Republican,  serv- 
ingfrom  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Bigler,  "William,  was  born  at  Shermansburg, 
Pennsylvania,  in  December,  1813;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  served  an  apprenticeship  to  the 
art  of  printing;  removed  to  Clearfield,  and  established 
"  The  Clearfield  Democrat;"  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1841  by  3,000  majority,  receiving  every  vote 
in  Clearfield  County,  save  one ;  was  elected  governor 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1851  simultaneously  with  the 
election  of  his  brother,  John  Bigler,  as  governor  of 
California,  and  served  1852-1855 ;  was  elected  a  Unit 
ed-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania,  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  National  Convention  of 
1864,  to  the  Philadelphia  National  Union  Convention 
of  1866,  and  to  the  New- York  National  Convention  of 
1868 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  fiscal  organizer  of  the 
Centennial  Exposition  of  1876. 

Billinghurst,  Charles,  was  born  at  Brighton, 
New  York,  July  27,  1818;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1847; 
was  a  me-mber  of  the  first  State  legislature  of  Wis 
consin  in  1848;  was  elected  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in  1852;  was  elected  a 


representative  from  the  second  district  of  Wisconsin, 
the  largest  in  the  United  States,  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,359  votes 
against  8,596  votes  for  Macy,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  25,800  votes 
against  23,448  votes  for  H.  C.  Hobart,  IJemocrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 1859;  was 
defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  23,011  votes  against  23,905 
votes  for  Larrabee,  Democrat ;  and  died  at  Juneau, 
Wisconsin,  August  18,  1865. 

Bines,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Trenton,  New  Jer 
sey;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Jacob  Hufty),  serving  from  November  2,  1814,  to 
March  3,  1815. 

Bingham,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Mercer,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1815;  received  an  academic  education; 
passed  two  years  in  a  printing-oflice;  was  a  student 
of  Franklin  College,  Ohio ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1840 ;  was  district-attorney  for  Tuscarawas  County, 
Ohio,  from  1846  to  1849;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  9,860  votes  against  5,238  votes 
for  Stewart,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,444  votes  against  6,933 
votes  for  Woods,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,883  votes  against 
6,577  votes  for  Mansfield,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
9,170  votes  against  5,053  votes  for  Wells,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1863; 
was  chairman  of  the  managers  of  the  house  in  the 
impeachment  of  Judge  Humphreys,  impeached  for 
high  treason,  May  22,  1862 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  9,999  votes  against  12,299  votes  for  White, 
Democrat;  was  appointed  by  Mr.  Lincoln  United- 
States  district  judge  for  the  southern  district  of 
Florida,  which  he  declined;  was  appointed  judge- 
advocate  in  the  Union  army  in  1864,  and  later  in 
that  year  was  appointed  solicitor  of  the  Court  of 
Claims;  was  special  judge-advocate  in  the  trial  of  the 
conspirators  against  the  life  of  Mr.  Lincoln;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  12,377  votes  against  11,119  votes 
for  White,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  13,369  votes  against  11,947  votes 
for  Mitchner,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  13,757  votes  against  13,341 
votes  for  Estep,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  13,155  votes  against 
11,958  votes  for  Chambers,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  appointed 
minister  to  Japan  May  3,  1873. 

Bingham,  Kinsley  S.,  was  born  at  Camillus, 
New  York,  December  16,  1808;  received  an  academic 
education;  taugbt  school;  was  for  three  years  a  law 
yer's  clerk;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1833,  and  settled 
on  a  farm ;  held  several  local  offices ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1835-1840;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Micbigan  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,492  votes 
against  5,780  votes  for  Wisner,  Democrat,  and  981 
votes  for  Canfield,  Abolitionist;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  elected  governor  of 
Michigan  in  1854,  as  a  Republican,  defeating  Barry. 
Democrat,  and  Scott,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  gov 
ernor  in  1856,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  71,402  votes 
against  54,085  votes  for  Felch,  Democrat;  was  elected, 
United-States  senator  from  Michigan,  as  a  Republi 
can,  in  place  of  Charles  E.  Stuart,  Democrat,  and 
served  from  December  5,  1859,  until  he  died  at  Oak 
Grove,  Michigan,  October  5,  1861. 

Bingham,  "William,  was  born  at  Philadelphia 
in  1751 ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Philadelphia  College  in  1768;  was  agent  of  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  at  Martinique,  and  afterwards 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


285 


consul  at  St.  Pierre;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl 
vania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1780;  was 
United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania,  serving 
from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was  elected 
president  pro  tcm.  of  the  Senate,  February  10,  1797 ; 
visited  Europe  after  his  senatorial  term;  and  died  at 
Bath,  England,  February  7,  1804.  He  published  in 
1784  "  A  Letter  from  an  American  on  the  Subject  of 
the  Restraining  Proclamation;"  and,  in  1793,  "A 
Description  of  Certain  Tracts  of  Land  in  Maine." 

Binney,  Horace,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  January  4,  1780;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  in  1797;  studied 
law  with  Jared  Ingersoll ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1800,  and  commenced  practice  at  Philadelphia;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  180(3- 
1807,  and  declined  a  re-election ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,364  votes  against 
3,191  votes  for  Henry  Horn,  Jackson  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  a 
director  and  defender  of  the  United -States  Bank; 
made  his  last  appearance  in  court  in  1843;  and  died 
at  Philadelphia,  August  12,  1875.  His  most  impor 
tant  published  works  were,  "  Reports  of  Cases  in  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania,  1799-1814;"  Eulo- 
giums  on  Chief-Justice  Tilghman  (1827)  and  on 
Chief-Justice  Marshall  (183U);  "An  Inquiry  into 
the  Formation  of  Washington's  Farewell  Address" 
(1859);  and  "  The  Leaders  of  the  Old  Bar  of  Phila 
delphia"  (1859). 

Bird,  John,  was  born  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  178G;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Troy,  New  York; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Sixth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  and  died  at  Troy,  New 
York,  in  180G. 

Bird,  John  T.,  was  bom  in  Hunterdon  County, 
New  Jersey,  August  10,  1829;  received  an  academic 
education;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1855;  practised  in  his  native  county;  was  nominated 
as  prosecutor  of  the  pleas  in  1803,  and  held  the  office 
for  the  full  term,  five  years;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-first  Congress,  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  19,580  votes  against  15,450 
votes  for  Amos  Clark,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  18,007  votes 
against  13,323  votes  for  II.  Rusling,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Birdsall,  Ausburn,  was  born  in  the  city  of  New 
York;  removed  to  Binghamton;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  0,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1849 ;  was  appointed  United-States  naval 
storekeeper  at  New- York  City. 

Birdsall,  James,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  Marcli 
3, 1817 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  General  Assembly 
in  1837. 

Birdsall,  Samuel,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  4.  1837,  to  March 
3,  1839. 

Birdseye,  Victory,  was  born  in  1782;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to 
March  3,  1817;  was  chosen  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1821 ;  was  a  State  sen 
ator  in  1821  and  1829,  and  for  three  years  a  member 
of  the  State  Assembly;  was  defeated  as  a  Whig  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,015 
votes  against  9,099  votes  for  Edward  Rogers;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  10,854  votes  against  10,772  votes  for 
Earle,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  and  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Pompey,  Septem 
ber  10, 1853. 


Bisbee,  Horatio,  jun.,  of  Jacksonville,  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Florida  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,289  votes 
against  11,147  votes  for  Jesse  J.  Finlcy,"  Republican. 

Bishop,  James,  was  born  at  New  Brunswick, 
New  Jersey ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was 
bred  a  merchant;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


March  3,  1857 ;  was  defeated  as  an  American  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  9,708  votes  against  10,781  votes  for  Adrian,  Demo 
crat. 

Bishop,  Phanuel,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
received^ a  public-school  education;  was  a  State  sen 
ator  1787-1791,  and  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1792,  1793,  1797,  and  1798;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Sixth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh, 
Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Bishop,  William  D.,  was  born  at  Bloomficld, 
New  Jersey,  September  14,  1827 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1849 ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  gave  up  his 
profession  to  engage  in  railroad  enterprises;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,403 
votes  against  8,387  votes  for  Ferry,  Republican,  and 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  10,990  votes  against 
11,553  votes  for  Ferry,  Republican;  was  commissioner 
of  patents  from  May  23,  1859,  to  January,  1800;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1800. 

Bissell,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Ilartwick, 
New  York,  April  25,  1811;  received  a  public-school 
education,  supporting  himself  by  teaching  during  the 
winter  months;  studied  medicine,  graduating  from 
the  Philadelphia  Medical  College  in  1835;  removed 
to  Illinois,  and  practised  medicine  in  Monroe  County 
until  1840 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Belleville,  Illinois;  was 
county  prosecuting  attorney  in  1844;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war,  distinguishing  himself  at  Buena  Vista 
as  a  captain  in  the  Second  Illinois  Volunteers;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  without  opposition; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as  an  Inde 
pendent  Democrat,  receiving  5,723  votes  against  4,083 
votes  for  Gillespie,  Whig,  and  4,515  votes  for  Fouke, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
March  3,  1845 ;  was  elected  as  a  Republican  governor 
of  the  State  of  Illinois,  serving  1850-1800;  and  died 
at  Springfield,  Illinois,  March  18,  1800. 

Black,  Edward  J.,  was  born  at  Beaufort, 
South  Carolina,  in  1800;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law  at  Augusta,  Georgia,  under 
Judge  Reid ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Augusta  in  1827;  removed  in  1832  to 
Scriven  County,. Georgia;  served  for  several  years  in 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  defeated  as 
candidate  for  State  attorney-general  in  1831;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  as  a  State-rights  Whig,  receiving 
31,075  votes  against  30,905  votes  for  Burncy,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  December  2, 1839,  to  March  3, 
1841;  became  a  supporter  of  Van  Buren,  and  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  35,496  votes  against 
39,379  for  Habersham,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  to  fill  a 
vacancy,  receiving  35,220  votes  against  32,997  votes 
for  Wilde,  Whig,  and  serving  from  March  2,  1842,  to 
March  3,  1845 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can- 


286 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


dictate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  3,309 
votes  against  4,005  votes  for  Toombs,  Whig;  and  died 
while  on  a  visit  at  Barmvell  District,  South  Carolina, 
184(5. 

Black,  Henry  (father  of  Jeremiah  S.  Black), 
was  born  at  Stony  Brook,  Somerset  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  February  23,  1783;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1815-1818;  was  an  associate 
judge  of  Somerset  County  1820-1840;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  Ogle),  but  died  be 
fore  taking  his  seat,  November  28,  1841. 

Black,  James,  was  born  at  Newport,  Pennsylva 
nia;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  (in  place  of  Jesse  Miller,  resigned), 
as  a  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1830, 
to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,617  votes  against  5,189 
votes  for  Miller,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  8,405  votes  against  8,084 
for  his  Whig  opponent,  and  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Black,  James  A.,  was  born  in  Abbeville  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina,  in  1793;  received  a  public-school 
education,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  en 
tered  the  United-States  army  in  1812  as  lieutenant, 
and  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  captain;  filled 
several  situations  of  trust  and  responsibility;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Calhoun  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  his 
death,  of  pneumonia,  at  Washington,  April  3,  1848. 

Black,  John,  was  a  native  of  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  taught  school;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  Louisiana;  removed  to  Mississippi,  where  he 
was  appointed  judge;  was  appointed  United-States 
senator  from  Mississippi  by  the  governor  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Powhatan 
Ellis),  as  a  Whig,  and  was  subsequently  elected, 
serving  from  December  12,  1832,  until  he  resigned 
in  1838;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  and  died  at 
Winchester,  Virginia,  August  29,  1854. 

Blackburn,  Joseph  C.  S.,  was  born  in  Wood- 
ford  County,  Kentucky,  October  1,  1838;  was  edu 
cated  at  Sayres  Institute,  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  and 
at  Centre  College,  Danville,  Kentucky,  whence  he 
graduated  in  1857;  studied  law  with  George  B.  Kin- 
caid,  Esq.,  at  Lexington;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1858,  and  practised  until  1801 ;  entered  the  Confeder 
ate  army  in  1801,  and  served  throughout  the  war; 
resumed  practice  in  1805;  was  elected  to  the  State 
legislature  of  Kentucky  in  1871  and  1873;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,298  votes 
against  5,045  votes  for  E.  C.  Marshall,  Independent, 
and  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
18,884  votes  against  11,348  votes  for  T.  O.  Shackel- 
ford,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  0, 1875. 

Blackburn,  William  Jasper,  was  born  in 
Arkansas  July  24,  1820;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  established  the 
"  Homer  Iliad  "  at  Homer,  Louisiana,  and  took  such 
antislavery  ground  before  emancipation,  that  his  of 
fice  was  twice  mobbed ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1848;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  and  served  from  July  18, 1808, 
to  March  3,  1809. 

Blacklege,  William,  was  born  in  Craven 
County,  North  Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1797,  1798,  1799,  and 
1809  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serv 


ing  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809;  was 
defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Eleventh 
Congress ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress, 
defeating  William  Gaston,  Federalist,  and  serving 
from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  de 
feated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  by  William  Gaston,  Federalist;  and  died  at 
Spring  Hill,  Craven  County,  North  Carolina,  Octo 
ber  19,  1828. 

Blackledge,  William  S.,  was  born  in  Pitt 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1793;  removed  to  Craven 
County ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1820 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (to  fill  a 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Jesse  Slocum),  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Davis;  arid  was  re-elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  February  7,  1821, 
to  March  3,  1823;  died  at  New  Berne,  North  Carolina, 
March  21,  1857. 

Blackmar,  Esbon,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  was  a  prominent  citizen  of  Newark  in 
that  State;  was  two  years  a  member  of  the  State 
Assembly;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  John  M.  Holley),  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Blackwell,  Julius  W.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  pu  blic-school  education ;  removed  to  Ten 
nessee,  and  settled  at  Athens;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Van  Biiren  Democrat,  receiving  1,313 
majority  over  W.  Stone,  Whig,  receiving  5,793  votes, 
and  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ; 
was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,793  votes  against 
5,700  votes  for  Campbell,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
December  4, 1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  defeated  as 
a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress  by  Crozier,  Whig. 

Blaine,  James  Gillespie,  was  born  in  Washing 
ton  County,  Pennsylvania,  January  31,  1830;  gradu 
ated  at  Washington  College,  Pennsylvania;  adopted 
the  editorial  profession,  and  went  to  Maine,  where 
he  edited  "The  Portland  Advertiser"  and  "The 
Kennebec  Journal;"  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
legislature  in  1859,  1800,  1801,  and  1862,  serving  the 
last  two  years  as  speaker  of  the  house ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,971  votes  against 
0,549  votes  for  Gould,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  14,055  votes 
against  9,727  votes  for  Gould,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  14,909 
votes  against  8,318  votes  for  Heath,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  16,127 
votes  against  12,881  votes  for  Farley,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
11,590  votes  against  9,270  votes  for  Farley,  Demo 
crat:  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  15,084  votes  against  11,516  votes  for  Lang, 
Liberal  Republican ;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  11,524  votes  against  8,094  votes 
for  O'Brien,  Democrat;  and  was  appointed  United- 
States  senator  from  Maine,  July  10,  1870,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Lot  M. 
Morrill,  appointed  secretary  of  the  treasury,  and 
was  subsequently  elected  for  that  uncxpired  term, 
and  for  the  ensuing  term,  which  will  expire  March  3, 
1883,  serving  from  July  7,  1803. 

Blair,  Austin,  was  born  at  Caroline,  New  York, 
February  8,  1818;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Union  College,  New  York;  studied 
law,  and  on  removing  to  Michigan  commenced  its 
practice;  was  county  clerk  of  Eaton  County,  and 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Jackson  County ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Michigan ;  was 
governor  of  Michigan  from  1801  to  1805;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,240  votes  against 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


287 


12,288  votes  for  Granger,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  19,208  vote, 
against  12,208  votes  for  Crane,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
15,230  votes  against  13,708  votes  for  D.  D.  Hughes' 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  '3 
187;}. 

Blair,  Barnard,  was  born  at  Salem,  New  York 
received  a  public-school  education ;  held  several  loca 
offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Yorl 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  recciv 
ing  4,990  votes  against  3,001  votes  for  Orvillc  Clark 
Van  Burcn  Democrat,  and  serving  from  May  31 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Blair,  Francis  P.,  jun.,  was  born  at  Lexing 
ton,  Kentucky,  February  19,  1821 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1841 
removed  to  St.  Louis,  where  he  studied  law  with  his 
brother,  Montgomery  Blair;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice ;  visited  the  Eocky  Moun 
tains  for  his  health  in  1845,  and  while  in  New  Mexico 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  regiment  of  Colonel 
Doniphan,  serving  through  the  Mexican  war;  re 
sumed  practice  at  St.  Louis,  and  was  one  of  the 
pioneers  of  the  Free-soil  movement  there ;  was  elected 
to  the  Missouri  legislature  in  1852,  and  again  in  1854, 
although  Colonel  Benton,  the  Free-soil  candidate  for 
Congress  in  1852,  was  defeated;  became  interested 
in  "The  Missouri  Democrat;"  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
as  a  Frce-Soiler,  receiving  0,035  votes  against  5,549 
votes  for  Kennett,  American,  and  2,181  votes  for 
Reynolds,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  defeating  Barrett,  Democrat,  by  a 
vote  so  close  that  the  election  was  contested,  but  the 
house  gave  him  the  seat,  which  he  resigned  at  the 
close  of  the  first  session;  was  defeated  as  the  Free- 
soil  candidate  for  the  remainder  of  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  12,538  votes  against  12,802  votes 
for  Barrett,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  11,453  votes 
against  9,907  votes  for  Barrett,  and  4,542  votes  for 
Todd,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  4,743  votes  against  4,590  votes 
for  Knox,  and  2,530  votes  for  Bogy;  entering  the 
Union  army  as  colonel,  he  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  August  7,  arid  major-general  November  29, 
1802,  resigning  his  seat  in  Congress;  commanded  a 
division  in  the  Vicksburg  campaign  and  the  Seven 
teenth  Army  Corps  in  Sherman's  campaigns;  was 
appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  at  St.  Louis 
in  1800,  and  was  rejected  by  the  Senate ;  was  after 
wards  nominated  minister  to  Austria,  and  was  again 
rejected  by  the  Senate;  changed  front  on  politics, 
and  was  nominated  at  the  National  Democratic  Con 
vention  in  1808  as  vice-president  on  the  Seymour 
ticket;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Missouri  in  1870;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of 
Judge  Drake),  as  a  Democrat,  and  served  from 
January  25,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  a  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  re-election,  and  defeated  by  L. 
V.  Bogy,  Democrat.  Returning  to  St.  Louis,  his 
healtl^failed,  and  he  died  there  July  8,  1875. 

Blair,  Henry  W.,  was  born  at  Campton,  New 
Hampshire,  December  6,  1834;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law  with  William  Leverett  at 
Plymouth;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1859,  and 
commenced  ^practice  at  Plymouth;  was  appointed 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Graf  ton  County  in  1800; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  Fifteenth  New-Hampshire  Volunteers;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1800,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1807-1808;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12.389  votes  against  12,180  for  Henry  O.  Kent,  Demo 
crat  and  Liberal  Republican,  and  104  scattering;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
12,083  votes  against  11,824  votes  for  Henry  O.  Kent, 


Democrat,  and  78  scattering,  serving  from  December 
0,  1875. 

Blair,  Jacob  B.,  was  born  at  Parkersburg,  Vir 
ginia,  April  11,  1821;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law:  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  prosecuting  attorney  for 
Ritchie  County  for  several  years;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Unionist,  serving  from  December  2,  1801, 
to  March  3,  1803;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
West  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  8,000  votes  against  005  votes  for  Do  Hass,  also  a 
Unionist,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to 
March  3,  1805. 

Blair,  James,  was  born  at  Lancaster,  South 
Carolina;  received  a  liberal  education;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress,  as  an  anti-tariff  Democrat, 


Union  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  April  1,  1834; 
during  the  first  session  of  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
he  attended  the  Washington  Theatre"  one  night,  and, 
becoming  displeased  with  the  actors,  fired  a  loaded  pis 
tol  at  them,  for  which  he  was  arrested,  and  fined  five 
dollars,  his  physician  testifying  that  he  was  under 
the  influence  of  brandy  and  "opium,  taken  to  alleviate 
pain  from  chronic  rheumatism;  three  weeks  after 
wards,  April  1,  1834,  he  blew  out  his  brains  with  a 
pistol,  at  his  boarding-house  on  Capitol  Hill. 

Blair,  James  G.,  was  born  in  1828;  received  a 
common  English  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Canton; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  as  a  Liberal  Republican, 
receiving  11,040  votes  against  9,100  votes  for  J.  T.  K. 
Haywood,  Radical  Republican,  serving  from  March 
4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Blair,  John,  was  bom  in  Washington  County, 
Tennessee,  in  1798;  received  an  academic  education; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
and  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  100  majority  over  John 
Tipton ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
receiving  270  majority  over  John  Tipton;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  75 
majority  over  Campbell,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving  181  majority  over 
Carter,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  receiving  314  majority  over  Carter,  Whig; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
receiving  3,284  votes  against  2,480  votes  for  Carter, 
and  1,850  votes  for  Arnold,  Whigs,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1825,  to  March  3,  1835;  and  died  at 
Jonesborough,  Washington  County,  Tennessee,  July 
J,  1803. 

Blair,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,114  votes 
against  0,079  votes  for  Pcrshing,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
11,185  votes  against  8,220  votes  for  McAllister,  Demo- 
rat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March 
J,  1803. 

Blaisdell,  Daniel,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire 
n  1700;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
nember  of  the  executive  council  1803-1808;  was 
dected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Eleventh  Congress,  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811;  and  died  in  1832. 

Blake,  Harrison  G.,  was  born  at  Newfane, 
Vermont,  March  17,  1818;  received  a  public-school 
;ducation ;  removed  to  Ohio  in  1830,  and,  while  en- 
jaged  as  clerk  in  a  store,  studied  law;  was  admitted 
o  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Medina ;  was 


288 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


for  four  years  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Ohio, 
serving  as  president  of  the  State  Senate  1848-1849; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Cyrus  Spink),  as  a  Republican;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  12,040  votes 
against  9,053  votes  for  Prentiss,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1803 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Loyalists'  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in 
1800. 

Blake,  John,  jun.,  was  born  at  Montgomery, 
Orange  County;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1798,  1799,  and  1800;  was  sheriff  of  Orange  County 
1803-1805;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Ninth  Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805, 
to  March  3,  1809 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1812-1813;  and  died  at 
Montgomery,  New  York. 

Blake,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  in  Calvert  County, 
Maryland,  June  14,  1792;  received  a  public-school 
education,  and  studied  law  at  Washington  City; 
served  in  the  militia  of  the  District  of  Columbia  at 
the  battle  of  Bladensburg  in  1814 ;  removed  to  Ken 
tucky,  and  thence  to  Indiana,  where  he  commenced 
the  practice  of  law  at  Terre  Haute ;  was  prosecuting 
attorney  and  judge  of  the  circuit  court;  relinquished 
his  profession  for  mercantile  pursuits;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Indiana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana 
in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  as  an  Adams  Republican, 
receiving  5,222  votes  against  5,138  votes  for  Ratcliff 
Boon,  Jacksonian,  and  1,037  votes  for  L.  S.  Shuler, 
Jacksonian,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March 
3,  1829;  was  defeated  as  an  anti-Jackson  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  by  Ratcliff  Boon, 
Jacksonian,  who  had  78  majority;  declined  being  a 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-second  Congress;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Tyler  commissioner  of  the 
general  land  office,  May  19,  1842,  serving  until  April, 
1845;  was  appointed  president  of  the  Erie  and  Wa- 
bash  Canal  Company;  visited  England  as  financial 
agent  of  the  State  of  Indiana;  and,  while  returning, 
died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  November  28,  1849. 

Blakey,  George  D.,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  and 
claimed  to  have  been  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress  from  that  State.  Elijah  Hise,  Democrat,  had  re 
ceived  7,740  votes,  and  G.  D.  Blakey,  Republican,  had 
received  1,201 ;  but  Blakey  claimed  that  Hise  had  been 
disloyal  during  the  war,  and  had  been  elected  by  dis 
loyal  men,  while  he  had  received  a  majority  of  the  loy 
al  votes.  Before  the  certificate  was  given,  Hise  com 
mitted  suicide.  A  new  election  was  ordered  by  the 
governor;  and  J.  S.  Golladay  was  declared  elected; 
the  house  refusing  to  sustain  the  claim  of  Blakey. 

Blanchard,  John,  was  born  at  Peacham,  Ver 
mont,  and  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1812; 
removed  to  York,  Pennsylvania,  and  taught  school ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  by  a  majori 
ty  of  253  votes ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  by  a  majority  of  050  votes,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  and  died  at  Co 
lumbia,  Pennsylvania,  March  8,  1849. 

Blanchard,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  a  public-school  education ;  took  an  ac 
tive  part  in  the  preliminary  stages  of  the  Revolution, 
and  was  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  1793-1794. 

Bland,  Richard,  was  born  in  Prince  Orange 
County,  Virginia,  in  1708;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College,  and 
at  the  University  of  Edinburgh ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Virginia  House  of  Burgesses  1745-17(59,  investigat 
ing  the  settlement  and  progress  of  the  colony  with 
such  care,  that  he  was  known  as  "  The  Virginian  An 
tiquary;"  took  a  leading  part  in  Revolutionary 


movements ;  was  chosen  a  delegate  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1774-1770,  and  was  again  chosen,  but  de 
clined  ;  and  died  at  Williamsburg,  Virginia,  October 
28,  1776. 

Bland,  Richard  Parks,  was  born  near  Hart 
ford,  Kentucky ;  was  left  an  orphan  at  an  early  age ; 
worked  during  the  summer  months  to  enable  him  to 
attend  the  common  schools  in  the  winters,  and  when 
he  had  attained  his  majority  he  taught  school,  to  en 
able  him  to  take  an  academic  course ;  studied  law, 
and  practised  his  profession,  never  having  held  a  pub 
lic  office  until  he  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  receiving  9,974  votes  against  8,820  votes 
for  A.  J.  Seay,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  11,350  votes  against 
8,929  votes  for  A.  J.  Seay,  Republican ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  11,350 
votes  against  8,929  votes  for  A.  J.  Seay,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Bland,  Thodorick  (an  uncle  of  John  Ran 
dolph),  was  born  in  Prince  George  County,  Virginia, 
in  1742;  was  sent  to  England  to  be  educated  in  1753; 
studied  medicine  at  Edinburgh  in  17G1-1703;  was  ad 
mitted  to  practice,  and  returned  home ;  took  an  active 
part  in  Revolutionary  movements,  and  entered  the 
Continental  army  as  captain  of  the  first  troop  of  Vir 
ginia  cavalry;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1780-1783,  and,  while  in 
attendance  in  1781,  his  home  was  plundered  by  the 
enemy;  was  appointed  by  Governor  Henry  lieuten 
ant  of  Prince  George's  County  in  1785;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Virginia  Convention  of  1788  on  the  adop 
tion  of  the  Federal  Constitution,  and  was  one  of  the 
minority  which  opposed  its  ratification;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  First  Congress; 
took  his  seat  March  30,  1789,  and  served  until  he 
died  at  New  York,  June  1,  1790. 

Bledsoe,  Jesse,  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Kentucky, 
and  practised  in  the  courts  of  that  State  with  great 
success;  was  professor  of  law  in  the  Transylvania 
University;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Kentucky,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  until  he  re 
signed  in  1815,  and  was  appointed  chief  justice  of 
Kentucky;  removed  to  Texas,  where  he  practised; 
and  died  at  Nacogdoches,  Texas,  June  30,  1837. 

Bleecker,  Hermanns,  was  born  at  Albany, 
New  York,  in  1779;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Albany;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  as  an  anti-war 
Federalist,  by  a  majority  of  482,  serving  from  No 
vember  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  appointed  a 
regent  of  the  University  of  New  York  in  1822;  was 
charr/e  d'affaires  in  the  Netherlands  May  12,  1842- 
June  28,  1845;  and  died  at  Albany,  New  York,  July 
19,  1849. 

Bliss,  Archibald  M.,  was  bom  at  Brooklyn, 
New  York,  January  25,  1830;  received  an  academic 
education;  was  engaged  for  many  years  in  mercantile 
pursuits ;  was  an  alderman  of  Brooklyn  in  1804,  1805, 
1800,  and  1807,  serving  in  1800  as  president  of  the 
board;  was  the  Republican  candidate  for  mayor  of 
Brooklyn  in  1807;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Re 
publican  Conventions  at  Baltimore  in  1804  and  at 
Chicago  in  1808,  and  to  the  Liberal  National  Con 
vention  at  Cincinnati  in  1872;  was  a  member  cf  the 
Board  of  Water  Commissioners  of  Brooklyn  in  1871- 
1872;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Liberal  and 
Democrat,  receiving  12,439  votes  against  7,802  votes 
for  George  C.  Bennett,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,500 
votes  against  11,490  votes  for  Solomon  Spitzer,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  0,  1875. 

Bliss,  George,  was  born  at  Jericho,  Vermont, 
January  1, 1813;  received  a  classical  education,  study 
ing  one  year  at  Gran  ville  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  commenced  practice 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


289 


at  Wooster,  Ohio;  was  appointed  president  judge 
of  the  eighth  judicial  district  in  1850,  serving  until  a 
change  of  the  constitution  vacated  the  office;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,490  votes  against  10,454  votes  for  Martin  Wel- 
ker,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1805;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  10,312  votes  against  11,366  votes  for  Martin 
Welker,  Republican;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866. 

Bliss,  Philemon,  was  born  at  Canton,  Connec 
ticut,  July  28,  1814;  received  a  classical  education  at 
Fairfield  Academy  and  Hamilton  College;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Ohio;  was  president  judge  of  the  fourteenth 
judicial  circuit;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  8,788  votes  against  6,041  votes  for  Johnson, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  10,414  votes  against  7,617  votes  for  Fire 
stone,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  7, 1863, 
to  March  3,  1865 ;  was  appointed  United-States  judge 
for  the  Territory  of  Dacotah. 

Blodget,  Foster,  was  born  at  Augusta,  Georgia; 
was  mayor  of  Augusta ;  entered  the  Confederate  ser 
vice  in  1861-1862,  but  withdrew,  and  left  the  State; 
was  postmaster  at  Augusta;  claimed  to  have  been 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Georgia,  as  a  Re 
publican,  for  six  years  from  the  4th  of  March,  1871, 
but  the  Senate  gave  the  seat  to  Thomas  M.  Norwood; 
died  at  Atlanta,  Georgia,  November  13,  1877. 

Bloodworth,  Timothy,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina  in  1736;  he  was  reared  in  poverty,  and  it  is 
recorded  that  he  "  was,  by  turns,  farmer,  blacksmith, 
preacher,  physician,  wheelwright,  and  politician;" 
he  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1779,  1780,  1781,  1782,  1783,  and  1784;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1786-1787; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1788  and  1789; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  First  Congress,  serving  from  April  6,  1790,  to 
March  3,  1791;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1793  and  1794;  was  elected 
United-States  senator,  serving  from  December  7, 1795, 
to  March  3,  1801 ;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Wil 
mington;  and  died  at  Washington,  North  Carolina, 
August  24,  1814. 

Bloom,  Isaac,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  but  died  before 
taking  his  seat. 

Bloomfield,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Woodbridge, 
New  Jersey ;  received  an  academic  education ;  stud 
ied  law ;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  in  1776  as  a 
captain  in  the  Third  New-Jersey  Regiment,  and  served 
through  the  war,  attaining  the  rank  of  major;  re 
sumed  the  study  of  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey;  was 
State  attorney-general ;  was  governor  of  New  Jersey 
1801  and  1803-1812;  was  commissioned  brigadier-gen 
eral  March  27,  1812,  and  served  until  June  15,  1815; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  and  died  at  Burlington,  New 
Jersey,  October  3,  1823. 

Blount,  James  H.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  9,993  votes  against  6,196  votes  for  L. 
B.  Anderson,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  For 
ty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,007  votes  against 
2,756  votes  for  Samuel  G.  Gove,  Republican ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,- 
096  votes  against  4,576  votes  for  Samuel  S.  Gove,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Blount,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Edgecombc  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  in  1760;  volunteered  in  the  Revo 


lutionary  army  at  the  age  of  sixteen;  became  deputy- 
paymaster-general  in  1780;  and  was  major,  command 
ing  a  battalion  of  North-Carolina  militia,  at  the  battle 
of  Eutaw  Springs;  was  major-general  of  militia;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Third,  Fourth,  and 
Fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 1793,  until 
March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected  to  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 1805,  until 
March  3,  1807;  and  was  again  elected  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  William  Kennedy, 
Federalist,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  until  his 
death  at  Washington  City,  February  7,  1812. 

Blount,  William,  was  born  in  Craven  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1744;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1780-1784;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from  North 
Carolina  in  1782, 1783, 1786,  and  1787;  was  appointed 
by  President  Washington  governor  of  the  territory 
south  of  the  Ohio  in  1790;  was  chairman  of  the  con 
vention  which  framed  the  first  State  Constitution  of 
Tennessee,  February  6,  1796;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Tennessee,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1796,  until  he  was  impeached,  found  guilty,  and 
expelled,  for  having  instigated  the  Creeks  and  Chero- 
kees  to  aid  the  British  in  conquering  the  Spanish 
territory  of  West  Florida,  July  8,  1797;  was  elected, 
during  the  trial,  to  the  State  Senate  of  Tennessee, 
and  chosen  its  president ;  died  at  Knoxville,  Tennes 
see,  March  21,  1800. 

Blount,  William  G.,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  arid 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
January  8,  1816,  to  March  3,  1819 ;  was  secretary  of 
state  of  the  State  of  Tennessee ;  and  died  at  Paris, 
Tennessee,  May  21,  1827. 

Blow,  Henry  T.,  was  born  in  Southampton 
County,  Virginia,  July  15, 1817;  removed  to  Missouri 
in  1830;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  St.  Louis  University;  engaged  in  the  wholesale 
drug-business,  and  afterwards  became  largely  inter 
ested  in  lead  mines ;  was  four  years  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate;  was  minister  resident  at  Venezuela, 
June  8,  1861,  to  February  22,  1862;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,164  votes 
against  2,984  votes  for  Allen,  Democrat,  and  191  votes 
for  Law-son,  Independent;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  6,180  votes  against 
1,253  votes  for  Stafford,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  was  minister  to 
Brazil  from  May  1,  1869,  to  February  11,  1871;  was  a 
commissioner  for  governing  the  District  of  Columbia 
1874-1875 ;  and  died  suddenly  of  congestion,  at  Sara 
toga,  New  York,  September  11,  1875. 

Boardman,  Elijah,  was  born  at  New  Milford, 
Connecticut,  March  7,  1760;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
and  of  the  executive  council;  was  a  United-States 
senator  from  Connecticut,  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  until  his  death,  suddenly,  at  Boardman,  Ohio 
(a  town  which  he  was  largely  interested  in),  October 
8,  1823.  His  remains  were  brought  home. 

Boardman,  William  W.,  was  born  at  New 
Milford,  Connecticut,  October  10,  1794;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1812;  studied  law  at  the  Cambridge  and  Litchfield 
Law  Schools;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  New  Haven;  was  judge  of  probate;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  serving  one  year  as  speaker;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  resignation  of  William  L.  Storrs),  receiving 
7,158  votes  against  6,102  votes  for  C.  A.  Ingersoll, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  991  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1840,  Until  March  3,  1843. 

Boarman,  Aleck,  was  born  in  Mississippi  in 
1830;  was  educated  at  the  Kentucky  Military  lusti- 


290 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


tute,  Frankfort,  Kentucky ;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Shreveport; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  (in  place 
of  James  McCleary,  deceased),  as  a  Liberal,  and 
served  from  December  ;3,  1872,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Bockee,  Abraham,  was  born  at  Northeast, 
Dutchess  County,  New  York,  in  17S3;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Assembly  in  1820;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 
3,  1831 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 1837 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1842-1845;  was  first 
judge  of  the  Dutchess-county  court  18-10;  and  died 
at  Poughkeepsie,  June  1,  1805. 

Bocock,  Thomas  S.,  was  born  in  Buckingham 
County,  Virginia,  1815;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Hampdcn-Sidney  College;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  Virginia;  was 
State's  attorney  for  Appomattox  County  1845-1840; 
was  successively  elected  several  times  to  the  Vir 
ginia  House  of  Delegates;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  2,203  votes  against  2,243  votes 
for  Irving,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  2,097  votes  against  2,338  for  Ir 
ving;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress, 
receiving  2,857  votes  against  2,095  votes  for  Goggin, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
receiving  4,384  votes  against  3,912  votes  for  Wootton, 
Whig,  and  428  votes  for  Arnctt,  Independent;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
5,974  votes  against  4,073  votes  for  Claiborne,  Ameri 
can;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
without  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  without  opposition,  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  until  March  3,  1801;  was  elected  in  1801  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Confederate  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  in  1803. 

Boden,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Carlisle,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to 
March  3,  1821. 

Bodle,  Charles,  was  a  native  of  Sullivan  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  held  several  local  offices  at  Blooming- 
burg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  at  New-York  City  in 
1830. 

Boerum,  Simon,  was  born  at  Brooklyn,  New 
York;  received  a  liberal  education;  was  county  clerk 
of  King's  County  1750-1775;  was  a  member  of  the 
Colonial  Assembly  1701-1775;  was  a  deputy  to  the 
Provincial  Convention,  April,  1775;  was  a  delegate 
from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Congress  1775- 
1777. 

Bogy,  Lewis  V.,  was  born  at  St.  Genevieve,  Mis 
souri,  April  9,  1813;  is  a  descendant  of  the  French 
pioneers  who  came  to  that  region  when  it  belonged 
to  France;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools;  in 
early  life  was  a  clerk  in  a  store ;  afterward  studied 
law  under  Judge  Pope  in  Illinois,  and  then  at  the 
Law  School  at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  where  he  gradu 
ated  in  the  spring  of  1886,  and  at  once  commenced 
practice  at  St.  Louis;  was  elected  several  times  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Missouri;  was 
commissioner  of  Indian  affairs  in  1807  and  1808;  was 
one  of  the  projectors  of  the  St.  Louis  and  Iron 
Mountain  Eailroad,  of  which  he  was  for  two  years 
president;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Missouri,  as  a  Democrat,  to  succeed  F.  P.  Blair, 
Democrat,  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1873;  died  at 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  September  20,  1877. 

Bokee,  David  A.,  was  born  in  New- York  City 
October  0,  1SG5;  received  a  public-school  education; 


was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,108 
votes  against  1,087  votes  for  Crooke,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was 
appointed  by  President  Fillmore  naval  officer  of  the 
port  of  New  York;  and  while  on  a  visit  to  Washing 
ton  Cily  was  found  dead  in  his  room,  March  10,  1800. 

Boles,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Johnson  County, 
Arkansas,  July  10,  1837;  was  raised  on  a  farm;  re 
ceived  a  limited  common-school  education;  was 
deputy-clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of  Yell  County  in 
1859-1800,  during  which  time  he  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1800;  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  captain  during  the  war  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Rebellion;  was  elected  in  June, 
1805,  circuit  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial  circuit  of 
Arkansas,  and  resigned  April  20,  1808,  when  elected 
to  Congress;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ar 
kansas  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
without  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  9,547  votes  against  5,580  votes  for 
Nash,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  10,344  votes  against  8,211 
votes  for  John  Edwards,  Liberal  Republican.  Mr. 
Edwards  received  the  certificate  of  election,  and  took 
the  seat;  but  the  house  declared  Mr.  Boles  entitled  to 
it,  and  he  was  sworn  in  February  9,  1872,  serving 
from  June  24,  1808,  until  March  3,  1873. 

Bond,  William  Key,  was  born  in  St.  Mary's 
County,  Maryland;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Chillicothe,  Ohio;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3, 
1841 ;  was  appointed  collector  of  customs  at  Cincin 
nati  ;  and  died  there  February  17,  1874. 

Bond,  Shadrack,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education;  removed  to  Kaskasia 
(now  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  then  in  Indiana  Territo 
ry);  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  the  Territory 
of  Illinois,  and  its  first  delegate  in  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives,  serving  from  December  3,  1812,  to  April 
18,  1814;  was  appointed  receiver  of  public  moneys  at 
Kaskasia  in  1814;  was  the  first  governor  of  Illinois 
after  its  admission  as  a  State  1818-1822 ;  died  at  Kas 
kasia,  Illinois,  after  a  long  and  painful  illness,  April 
13,  1832. 

Bonzano,  M.  P.,  was  born  in  Louisiana;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
1,009  votes  against  1,450  votes  for  all  others.  A  ma 
jority  of  the  committee  on  elections  reported  that  he 
was  entitled  to  a  seat;  but  such  was  the  opposition, 
that  no  vote  was  taken  on  the  resolution,  although, 
on  the  last  day  of  the  session,  he  was  voted  two  thou 
sand  dollars  for  compensation  mileage  and  expenses. 

Bonham,  Milledge  L.,  was  born  in  South 
Carolina,  MayO,  1815;  received  a  classical  education, 
raduating  at  the  University  of  South  Carolina  in 
1834;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Columbia  in  1837,  and  commenced  practice  at  Edge- 
field,  South  Carolina;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as 
commandant  of  a  battalion  of  South-Carolina  volun 
teers;  was  State  solicitor  for  the  southern  circuit 
1848-1850;  was  major-general  of  militia;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiving 
1,000  majority  over  Charles  P.  Sullivan,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  without  oppo 
sition,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  until  he  with- 
Irew,  with  the  other  members  of  the  South-Carolina 
delegation,  December  21,  1800;  was  a  commissioner 
from  South  Carolina  to  Mississippi ;  was  detailed  as 
major-general  to  command  the  South-Carolina  troops, 
and  afterwards  appointed  brigadier-general  in  the 
Confederate  army,  taking  part  in  the  battles  of 
Blackburn's  Ford  and  Bull  Run,  in  command  of  a 
jrigade  of  South-Carolinians;  was  elected  a  repre- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


291 


sentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Confederate 
Congress,  and  served  until  governor  of  South  Caro 
lina  1862-1804;  returned  to  the  Confederate  army, 
and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  New 
York  in  1868. 

Bpody,  Azariah,  was  born  in  New- York  City; 
received  a  public-school  education;  engaged  largely 
in  the  construction  of  railroads ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,290  votes  against  6,578 
votes  for  Field,  Democrat,  and  641  for  Foss,  Free- 
Soilcr;  was  compelled  to  resign  before  taking  his 
seat,  because  of  the  extensive  railroad  contracts  into 
which  he  had  entered,  but  could  not  complete  before 
the  commencement  of  the  session. 

Booker,  George  W.,  was  born  in  the  county 
of  Patrick,  Virginia,  December  5,  1821;  received  a 
common-school  education;  studied  law,  and  taught 
school ;  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  the 
county  of  Henry;  and  was  presiding  justice  of  Heii- 
ry-county  court,  which  position  he  occupied  for  ten 
years;  was  an  unconditional  Union  man  during  the 
war  of  the  Rebellion ;  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Delegates  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Virginia 
in  1865;  was  nominated  by  the  Republican  party  in 
1868,  and  elected  attorney-general  on  the  Wells  ticket; 
which  position  he  resigned  in  1869,  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  in  July,  1869,  as  a  Conservative,  receiving  13,- 
101  votes  against  9,568  votes  for  Tucker,  Conserva 
tive,  and  4,639  votes  for  Stowell,  Independent,  and 
serving  from  January  31,  1870,  until  March  3,  1871. 

Boon,  Ratliff,  was  born  in  Franklin  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1781 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  removed  to  Indiana;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  that  State  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  defeated  as  a  Jackso- 
nian  candidate  for  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving 
5,138  votes  against  5,222  votes  for  Blake,  Adams 
Republican;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  by  78  majority,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  died  in  Louisiana,  November 
20,  1844. 

Boone,  Andrew  R.,  was  born  in  Davidson 
County,  Tennessee,  April  4,  1831,  and  removed  with 
his  parents  in  1833  to  Graves  County,  Kentucky;  re 
ceived  a  limited  English  education ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  October,  1851;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  Graves-county  court  in  1854  for  four 
years,  and  was  re-elected  in  1858;  resigned  as  county 
judge  in  1861,  and  was  elected  to  the  Kentucky 
legislature  in  that  year,  but  resigned  that  position  in 
the  same  year;  was  elected  circuit  judge  for  the  first 
judicial  district  of  Kentucky  in  1868  for  six  years; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,882  votes  against  5,801  votes  for  O.  Turner,  Inde 
pendent  Democrat,  and  1,255  votes  for  T.  J.  Pickett, 
Independent  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,994  votes  against 
5,835  votes  for  Henry  M.  Houston,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  (i,  1875. 

Booth,  Newton,  was  born  at  Salem,  Indiana, 
December  25,  1825;  graduated  at  the  Asbury  Uni 
versity  in  1846;  studied  law  at  Terre  Haute;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  removed  to  California, 
where  he  temporarily  abandoned  his  profession,  and 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Sacramento;  re 
turning  to  Terre  Haute  in  1857,  he  practised  lajv 
there  in  1860,  when  he  again  went  to  California;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  California  in  1863;  was 
elected  governor  of  California  in  1871,  and  served 
until  March,  1874,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
elected  United-States  senator  from  California,  as  an 
anti-monopolist,  to  succeed  Eugene  Casserly,  Demo 
crat  (whose  unexpired  term  had  been  filled  by  the 


election  of  John  S.  Hager,  anti-monopolist),  and  took 
his  seat  March  9,  1875;  his  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3,  1881. 

Booth,  Walter,  was  born  at  Woodbridge,  Con 
necticut,  December  8,  1791 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  located  at  Meriden,  where  he  became 
largely  interested  in  manufactures;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  and  of  the 
State  Senate;  was  associate  judge  of  the  county 
court  1834;  was  major-general  of  militia;  was  elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free-Soiler,  receiving 
6,672  votes  against  6,532  votes  for  Babcock,  and  139 
scattering,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851. 

Borden,  Joseph,  was  an  early  settler  at  Borden- 
town,  New  Jersey;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Jersey 
to  the  Colonial  Congress  which  met  at  New  York 
October  7,  1765 ;  his  residence  was  burned  by  British 
troops  in  1778. 

Borden,  Nathaniel  B.,  was  born  at  Fall  River, 
Massachusetts,  April  15,  1801 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1831  and  1834;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  on  the  second  trial,  as  a 
Van  Burcn  Democrat,  receiving  4,400  votes  against 
3,684  votes  for  Baylies,  Whig;  "and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty -fifth  Congress,  receiving  3,093  votes 
against  1,411  votes  for  all  others,  serving  from  De 
cember  7, 1835,  to  March  3, 1839;  was  defeated  as  the 
Whig  candidate  for  election  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  2,920  votes  against  3,306  votes 
for  Williams,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  on  the  second 
trial,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  a  State  senator  1845-1848,  and  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1851 ;  and  died  at 
Fall  River,  Massachusetts,  April  10,  1865. 

Boreman,  Arthur  Inghram,  was  born  at 
Waynesburg,  Pennsylvania,  July  24,  1823;  when  a 
child,  removed  with  his  father  to  Western  Virginia; 
received  a  common-school  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Parkersburg;  in  1855  he  was  elected  to 
the  House  of  Delegates  of  Virginia,  and  was  re-elected 
until  1800;  was  also  a  member  of  the  extra  session  of 
the  legislature  in  1861,  taking  an  active  part  against 
the  secession  movement;  was  president  of  the  Wheel 
ing  convention  of  1801  to  re-organize  the  government 
of  Virginia;  in  October  of  that  year  he  was  elected  a 
judge  of  the  circuit  court,  and  held  the  office  until 
1803,  when  he  was  elected  governor  of  West  Virginia, 
and  was  twice  re-elected,  and  was  still  in  that  office 
when  he  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  West 
Virginia,  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1869,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Borland,  Charles,  jun.,  was  born  in  Orange 
County,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  General 
Assembly  in  1820-1821 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  S.  Tuthill,  re 
ceiving  a  majority  of  149  votes  over  John  Duer,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the 
State  of  New  York  in  1836. 

Borland,  Solon,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  classical  education  in  North  Carolina;  studied 
medicine;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and  located  at 
Little  Rock,  Arkansas;  served  throughout  the  Mexi 
can  war  as  major  of  Yell's  Arkansas  Volunteer  Cav 
alry,  and  as  volunteer  aide  to  Major-General  North ; 
was  appointed  United-States  senator  from  Arkansas, 
as  a  Democrat,  by  the  governor  of  that  State,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Ambrose  H. 
Sevier;  and  was  subsequently  elected  by  the  legisla 
ture  to  fill  Mr.  Sevicr's  unexpired  term,  serving 
from  April  24,  1848,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  appointed 
by  President  Pierce  minister  to  Nicaragua  and  the 
other  Central-American  republics,  serving  from  April 
18,  1853,  to  June  30,1854;  was  appointed  governor 
of  New  Mexico,  but  declined;  resumed  the  practice 


292 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


of  medicine  at  Little  Rock;  raised  a  brigade  of  Con 
federate  troops,  and  took  possession  of  Fort  Smith, 
April  24,  18(51,  before  Arkansas  had  seceded;  raised 
the  Third  Arkansas  Confederate  Cavalry,  and  was  its 
colonel;  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
Confederate  service;  and  died  in  Texas,  January  31, 
ISM. 

Borst,  Peter  I.,  was  born  at  Middlebury,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  7, 1829,  to  March  3, 1831 ;  died  at  Middlebury, 
New  York,  November  14,  1848. 

Boss,  John  L.,  jun.,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1811). 

Bossier,  Pierre  Evariste,  was  a  native  of 
Louisiana,  of  a  Creole  family,  which  was  among  the 
earliest  settlers  of  the  French  colony;  received  a 
thorough  classical  education ;  served  ten  years  in  the 
State  Senate;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Cal- 
houn  Democrat,  by  a  large  majority,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  until  his  death,  after  a  protracted 
illness,  at  Washington,  April  24,  1844. 

Boteler,  Alexander  R.,  was  born  at  Shepherds- 
town,  Jefferson  County,  Virginia,  May  16,  1815;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  1835;  devoted  himself  to  agriculture  and 
literature  at  his  rural  home;  was  an  elector  on  the 
Whig  ticket  in  1852,  and  on  the  American  ticket  in 
1856 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  National  American, 
receiving  6,616  votes  against  6,449  votes  for  Faulkner, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1861 ;  opposed  secession  until  Virginia  had 
seceded ;  was  chosen  by  the  State  convention  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Provisional  Confed 
erate  Congress  (in  the  place  of  James  M.  Mason, 
resigned),  November  19,  1861;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  First  Confederate 
Congress,  serving  from  February,  1862,  to  February, 
1864;  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Centennial 
Commission. 

Botts,  John  Minor,  was  born  at  Dumfries, 
Virginia,  September  16,  1802 ;  he  was  left  an  orphan 
in  1811,  his  parents  having  perished  when  the  Rich- 
mond  Theatre  was  burned ;  received  a  thorough  Eng 
lish  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1820;  practised  for  six  years,  and  then  abandoned 
the  profession  for  agricultural  pursuits ;  \vas  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1833-1839 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Henry  Clay  Whig,  re 
ceiving  1,459  votes  against  1,251  votes  for  W.  Seklen, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1843 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  2,334  votes  against 
2,363  votes  for  John  W.  Jones,  Democrat,  the  House 
deciding  that  the  returns  were  correct;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  as  a  Henry  Clay 
Whig,  receiving  3,062  votes  against  2,468  votes  for  S. 
F.  Leake,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  2,458  votes  against 
2,944  for  James  A.  Seddon,  and  317  votes  for  Lee, 
Independent  Whig;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candi 
date  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  2,472 
votes  against  2,960  votes  for  John  S.  Caskie,  Demo 
crat;  opposed  the  secession  of  Virginia,  and  was  im 
prisoned  in  1862  for  his  devotion  to  the  Union ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Southern  Loyalists'  Convention  in 
1866;  and  died  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  Januarys, 
1869.  He  published  "The  Great  Rebellion;  its  Se 
cret  History." 

Bouch,  Gabriel,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York;  removed  to  Wisconsin,  and  located  at  Oshkosh ; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in 


the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
20,623  votes  against  17,847  votes  for  A.  M.  Kimball, 
Republican. 

Bouck,  Joseph,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March 
3,  1833. 

Boude,  Thomas,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Boudinot,  Elias,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
May  2,  1740;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
laAV  with  Richard  Stockton ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
of  New  Jersey,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  com 
missary-general  of  prisoners  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  1776-1779;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  in 
the  Continental  Congress,  serving  1777-1778  and 
1781-1784;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Philadel 
phia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  First  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Sec 
ond  and  Third  Congresses,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  director  of  the  national 
mint  from  October,  1795,  to  July,  1805.  Locating  at 
Burlington,  he  devoted  his  time  to  biblical  litera 
ture,  and  his  fortune  to  charitable  and  religious  pur 
poses;  and  died  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey,  October 
24,  1821. 

Bouldin,  James  W.  (brother  of  Thomas  T. 
Bouldin),  was  born  in  Virginia;  Avas  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  sudden  death 
of  Thomas  J.  Bouldin),  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  1,038  votes  against  737  votes  for  Nathaniel 
B.  Tucker,  anti- Jackson  Democrat;  wTas  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  defeating  Philip  A. 
Boiling,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  TAventy- 
iif th  Congress,  serving  from  March  28, 1834,  to  March 
3,  1839. 

Bouldin,  Thomas  T.  (brother  of  James  W. 
Bouldin),  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1772;  received  a 
thorough  English  education  while  working  on  a 
farm;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  General 
Court,  and  served  until  he  was  elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a 
majority  of  28  votes  over  George  W.  Crump,  Jack 
son  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1829; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  by  a 
majority  of  449  votes  over  George  W.  Crump ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  defeat 
ing  Daniel  A.  Wilson;  but,  soon  after  he  entered 
upon  his  third  term,  he  was  rebuked  by  Hon.  Henry 
A.  Wise,  one  of  his  colleagues,  for  having  failed  to 
call  the  attention  of  the  house  to  the  death  of  his 
predecessor,  John  Randolph,  and,  as  he  rose  to  reply, 
was  seized  with  an  apoplectic  fit,  dying  instantly, 
February  11,  1834.  His  wife  witnessed  the  appalling 
scene  from  the  gallery. 

Bouligney,  Dominique,  was  born  in  Louisi 
ana;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  New  Orleans;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Louisiana  (in  place  of  Henry  Johnson, 
resigned),  and  served  from  December  21,  1824,  until 
March  3,  1829;  died  at  New  Orleans,  Louisiana, 
March  5,  1833. 

Bouligney,  John  Edmund  (nephew  of  Domi 
nique  Bouligney),  was  born  at  New  Orleans,  Febru 
ary  5,  1824;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  New  Orleans,  where  he  held  sev 
eral  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Na 
tional  American,  receiving  2,215  votes  against  1,796 
votes  for  La  Sere,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861,  he  being  the  only  repre 
sentative  from  a  State  which  seceded  who  did  not 
leave  his  scat.  He  died  at  Washington  City,  of  con 
sumption,  February  20,  1864. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


293 


Bourn,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Bristol,  Rhode 
Island,  September'.!,  1755;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1775;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Provi 
dence,  where  he  filled  several  public  positions;  was  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Rhode  Island ; 
was  quartermaster  of  the  Second  Rhode-Island  Regi 
ment  in  1770;  was  one  of  a  committee  sent  with  a 
petition  from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1789;  was  elected  the  first  representative 
from  Rhode  Island  to  the  First  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  17,  1790,  to  1796, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Unit 
ed-States  District  Court  for  the  District  of  Rhode 
Island  in  1801. 

Bourne,  Shearjashub,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  17(54;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Boston;  was 
chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Suf 
folk  County,  Massachusetts ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Second  Congress, 
and  re-elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from 
October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1795;  and  died  1800. 

Boutwell,  George  Sewall,  was  born  at  Brook- 
line,  Massachusetts,  January  28,  1818;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  at  Groton  previous  to  1850;  commenced  the 
study  of  law  in  1838,  and  began  practice  in  1853;  was 
a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Massachusetts  in  1842, 
1843,  1844,  1847,  1848,  1849,  and  1850  ;  was  State 
bank  commissioner  in  1849  and  1850;  was  governor 
of  Massachusetts  in  1851  and  1852 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  Constitutional  Convention  in  1853; 
was  secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  of 
Massachusetts  from  October,  1855,  until  January, 
1801 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Overseers  of 
Harvard  College  from  1850  to  1800;  was  a  member 
of  the  Peace  Congress  of  1801 ;  was  the  first  com 
missioner  of  internal  revenue  in  1802  and  1803;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
7,994  votes  against  6,490  votes  for  Thomas,  people's 
candidate;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,087  votes  against  5,433  votes  for 
Sweetser,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  9,847  votes  against  2,885  votes 
for  Saltonstall,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  but  resigned  on  being  appointed 
secretary  of  the  treasury  by  President  Grant,  March 
11,  1809;  resigned  as  secretary  of  the  treasury  in 
March,  1873,  having  been  elected  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Massachusetts  to  succeed  Henry  Wilson, 
and  served  in  the  Senate  to  March  3,  1877 ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Hayes  commissioner  to  codify 
and  edit  the  statutes  at  large  in  March,  1877. 

Bovee,  Matthias  J.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Bowden,  Lemuel  J.,  was  born  at  Williams- 
burg,  Virginia,  January  1(5, 1815;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Constitu 
tional  Conventions  of  1849  and  1851 ;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  in  1801;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Virginia  for  six  years  from  March  3, 
1803,  but  died  of  the  small-pox,  at  Washington, 
January  2,  1864. 

Bowdoin,  James,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  August  8,  1727;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1745;  devoted 
himself  to  literary  and  scientific  pursuits;  was  a 
member  of  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts  in 
1753,  and  provincial  senator  and  councillor  in  1750; 
was  again  chosen  councillor  in  1709,  but  was  nega 
tived  by  Governor  Bernard,  and  immediately  after 


wards  again  elected  a  representative  in  the  General 
Court;  was  chosen  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1774,  but  was  prevented 
by  ill-health  from  serving;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
Revolutionary  struggle ;  was  president  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1778;  was  governor  of 
Massachusetts  in  1785-1786;  was  a  founder  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  of  the 
Massachusetts  Humane  Society;  and  died  at  Boston, 
November  6,  1790.  He  contributed  three  pieces  to 
the  "Pietas  et  Gratulatis,"  published  on  the  acces 
sion  of  George  III.  to  the  British  throne ;  and  pub 
lished  a  volume  of  poems  anonymously  at  Boston 
in  1759. 

Bowden,  Franklin  W.,  was  born  at  Talladega, 
Alabama;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  the  University  of  Alabama;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1844-1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Felix  G.  McConnell),  defeat 
ing  T.  A.  Walker,  both  Democrats;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,419  votes  against  4,024  votes  for  S.  F.  Rice,  and 
793  votes  for  Phillips,  both  Democrats ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  6,033  votes  against  4,895  votes  for  J.  T. 
Bradford,  Whig,  serving  from  December  7,  1840,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  he  removed  in  1852  to  Texas,  where 
he  practised  his  profession ;  -he  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket 
in  1856 ;  and  he  died  at  Henderson,  Texas,  June  8. 
1857. 

Bowen,  Christopher  Columbus,  was  born  in 
Rhode  Island  January  5,  1832 ;  removed  to  Georgia 
in  1850;  studied  and  practised  law;  removed  to 
Charleston  in  1802;  in  1807  was  elected  to  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  South  Carolina  held 
under  the  reconstruction  acts  of  the  Thirty-ninth 
and  Fortieth  Congresses;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  25,845  votes  against  8,290  votes 
for  Seymour,  Democrat,  serring  from  July  20,  1868, 
to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Independent 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  15,700  votes  against  10,080  votes  for  De- 
Large,  Republican;  was  elected  sheriff  of  Charles 
ton  in  November,  1872. 

Bowen,  John  H.,  received  a.public-school  edu 
cation;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  May  14,  1813,  to  March  3,  1815. 

Bowen,  Rees  T.,  was  born  in  Tazewell  County, 
Virginia,  January  10,  1809;  received  an  academic 
education;  was  a  farmer  and  grazier;  was  represen 
tative  from  Tazewell  County  in  the  legislature  of 
Virginia  in  18(53  and  1864;  was  a  magistrate  for  sev 
eral  years  prior  to  the  war,  and  the  presiding  justice 
of  the  county  court  a  portion  of  the  time ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  as  a  Conservative,  receiving  10,352 
votes  against  5,304  votes  for  R.  W.  Hughes,  Republi 
can,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 1875. 

Bower,  Gustavus  B.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Mis 
souri;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  on  a 
general  ticket,  and  serving  from  December  4, 1843,  to 
March  3,  1845. 

Bowers,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Columbia  College,  New  York;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Cooperstown,  New  York,  in  1800;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  June  21,  1813,  to  December  20, 
1813,  when  the  House  gave  his  seat  to  Isaac  Wil 
liams,  juu. ;  and  he  died  at  Cooperstown,  New  York. 


294 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Bowie,  Richard  T.,  was  born  at  Georgetown, 
District  of  Columbia,  June  23,  1807 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Rockville,  Maryland, 
in  1827;  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  legislature 
in  1836-1837;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Whig  National 
Convention  at  Harrisburg  in  1840;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,283  votes  without  oppo 
sition,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  defeating  Thomas  F.  Bowie,  Independent 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1840,  to  March 
3,  1853. 

Bowie,  Thomas  F.,  was  born  at  Queen  Anne, 
Prince  George  County,  Maryland,  April  7,  1808;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Union 
College  in  1837;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Upper  Marlborough, 
Maryland;  was  for  sixteen  years  deputy  attorney- 
general  for  Prince  George  County;  served  three 
terms  in  the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  I,  1855,  to  March  3, 
1859;  died  at  Upper  Marlborough,  Maryland,  Octo 
ber  30,  1869. 

Bowie,  Walter,  was  born  in  Prince  George 
County,  Maryland ;  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1776;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Seventh  Con 
gress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  Sprigg;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  March  24,  1802,  to  March  3, 
1805. 

Bowler,  Metcalfe,  was  a  delegate  from  Rhode 
Island  to  the  Colonial  Congress  which  met  at  New 
York  October  7,  1865;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
General  Assembly,  and  speaker,  1774. 

Bowlin,  James  Butler,  was  born  in  Spottsyl- 
vania  County,  Virginia,  in  1804;  was  apprenticed  to 
a  mechanical  trade,  but  abandoned  it,  and  by  teach 
ing  school  acquired  a  classical  education;  removed  in 
1825  to  Greenbrier  County,  where  he  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced 
practice;  removed  to  St.  Louis  in  1827,  commenced 
practice,  and  established  "The  Farmers'  and  Me 
chanics'  Advocate;"  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1836;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  State  legislature  in  1837 ;  was  ap 
pointed  district-attorney  for  St.  Louis  in  1837;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  criminal  court  in  1839;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Con 
gresses,  always  on  general  tickets,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1843,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  appointed 
by  President  Buchanan  commissioner  to  Paraguay, 
serving  from  September  9,  1858,  to  February  10,  1859. 

Bowne,  Obadiah,  was  born  on  Staten  Island, 
New  York,  May  19,  1822 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-sec 
ond  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,723  votes  against 
6,426  votes  for  Bogardus,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  1, 1851,  to  March  3, 1853;  studied  law  with 
out  intending  to  practice;  was  a  quarantine  commis 
sioner  1857-1859;  was  a  Lincoln  presidential  elector 
in  1866.  Domestic  difficulties  drove  him  to  intemper 
ance,  and,  after  squandering  a  large  fortune,  he  be 
came  reduced  to  destitution;  he  committed  suicide 
by  taking  opium,  on  Staten  Island,  April  27,  1874. 

Bowne,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York  in  1795;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Otsego  County;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Assembly  of  New  York  in  1834;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat, 
receiving  5,612  votes  against  4,831  votes  for  D.  M. 
Hard,  Whig,  and  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 


March  3,  1843;  was  judge  of  Otsego  County  in  1857; 
died  in  Otsego  County,  New  York,  July  15,  1875. 

Boyce,  W^illiam  W.,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  October  24, 1819;  received  a  classical 
education  at  the  College  of  South  Carolina  and  Vir 
ginia  University;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Winnsborough, 
South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as  a 
State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  2,549  votes  against 
2,270  votes  for  Moses,  State-rights  Democrat,  and  180 
votes  for  O'Hanlon,  Independent,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  without  opposition,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5, 1853,  until  he  vacated  his  seat  after  the  secession 
of  South  Carolina,  December  21, 1860;  was  appointed 
a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Provisional 
Congress  January  4,  1861;  was  elected  to  the  First 
Confederate  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Second, 
serving  from  February  10,  1862,  to  February  18,  1864; 
removed  to  Washington  City,  and  practised  law. 

Boyd,  Adam,  was  a  native  of  New  Jersey ;  was 
active  in  the  colonial  resistance  to  British  authority, 
and  during  the  Revolutionary  struggle  was  a  leading 
citizen  at  Hackensack,  holding  several  local  offices; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  on  a  general  ticket, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Ezra  Darby,  deceased);  was 
re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  on  a  general 
ticket,  which  received  18,705  votes  against  14,702 
votes  for  the  Federal  ticket;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  and  served  from  April  4,  1808,  to 
March  3,  1813 ;  died  at  Hackensack,  New  Jersey,  at 
an  advanced  age. 

Boyd,  Alexander,  was  a  native  of  New  York, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Thirteenth  Congress  on  the  "  Peace  and  Com 
merce  "  ticket,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March 
3,  1815. 

Boyd,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Whitehall,  New 
York;  received  a  public  education;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Assembly  in  1840;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,286  votes  against  4,415 
votes  for  Thompson,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  died  at  White 
hall,  New  York,  July  21,  1868. 

Boyd,  Linn,  was  born  at  Nashville,  Tennessee, 
November  28,  1800;  his  parents  soon  afterwards  set 
tled  on  the  eastern  bank  of  the  Cumberland  River, 
in  Trigg  County,  Kentucky,  where  he  was  brought 
up  to  labor  on  the  farm,  while  he  acquired  a  scanty 
education  by  winter  attendance  at  public  schools;  in 
1826  he  located  himself  on  a  farm  in  Calloway 
County,  Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  1827-1830;  returned  to  Trigg  County,  which 
he  represented  in  the  State  legislature  in  1831-1832; 
was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  by  C.  Lyon,  Democrat;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  2,547  votes  against  2.921  votes 
for  Murray,  Democrat,  and  1,885  votes  for  Campbell, 
Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,665  votes  against 
2,513  votes  for  Patterson,  Whig,  and  2,138  votes  for 
Murray,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  defeating  Barbour,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
6,097  votes  against  4,648  votes  for  Barbour,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  without 
opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
receiving  7,421  votes  against  4,194  votes  for  Delany, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
without  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  6,638  votes  against  3,746 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


295 


votes  for  M'Carty,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,585  votes  against 
5,590  votes  for  Brown,  Independent  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1855;  was 
speaker  of  the  House  in  the  Thirty-second  and 
Thirty-third  Congresses;  was  lieutenant-governor 
of  Kentucky  one  year;  and  died  at  Paducah,  Ken 
tucky,  December  10,  1859. 

Boyd,  Sempronius  H.,  was  born  in  William 
son  County,  Tennessee,  May  28,  1828;  received  a 
good  English  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  practised  at  Springfield,  Mis 
souri  ;  was  clerk  of  the  court ;  was  mayor  of  Spring 
field  in  1857;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1801  as  the 
commander  of  a  regiment  known  as  the  "  Lyon  Le 
gion,"  which  he  raised;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  an 
Emancipationist,  receiving  3,072  votes  against  1,840 
votes  for  Phelps,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  18G3,  to  March  3,  18(55;  returned  to  the  duties 
of  his  profession;  was  judge  of  the  fourteenth  judi 
cial  circuit  of  Missouri ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Balti 
more  Convention  in  1804;  raised  the  Forty-sixth  Mis 
souri  Infantry  in  1805;  supported  General  Grant  for 
President  in  convention;  and  was  again  elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,927  votes  against  4,955  votes  for  McAfee,  Democrat, 
and  1,384  votes  for  Kelso,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Boyd,  Thomas  A.,  was  born  in  Adams  County, 
Pennsylvania,  June  25,  1830;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Marshall  College,  Mercers- 
burg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1848;  studied  law  at  Cham- 
bersburg,  Pennsylvania;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Bedford,  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  Illinois  in  1850,  and  continued  in  his  pro 
fession;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1801  as  captain 
in  the  Seventeenth  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1800,  and  re-elected  in 
1870;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois 
in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,548  votes  against  14,001  votes  for  George  A.  Wil 
son,  Democrat,  and  078  votes  for  W.  M.  Matthews, 
Independent. 

Boyden,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Franklin, 
Massachusetts,  August  10,  J790;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Union  College,  Schenec- 
tady,  in  1821;  removed  to  Stokes  County,  North 
Carolina,  in  1822;  taught  school;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1838  and  1840,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1844;  removed  to  Salisbury, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  3,882  votes  against 
3,025  votes  for  Bolge,  Independent  Whig,  arid  000 
votes  forVogler,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849 ;  declined  a  re-election 
on  account  of  professional  engagements ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  legislature  of  North  Carolina  under  the 
Confederate  Government;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  July 
13,  1808,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  11,103  votes  against  12,192  votes 
for  Shober,  Democrat. 

Boyer,  Benjamin  M.,  was  born  in  Montgom 
ery  County,  Pennsylvania,  January  22,  1823;  gradu 
ated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  district-attorney  of  Montgomery 
County,  Pennsylvania,  from  1848  until  1850;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,- 
847  votes  against  9,001  votes  for  Bullock,  Repub 
lican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  14,009  votes  against  11,447  votes  for  Thomas, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  4, 1805,  to  March 
3,  1809. 

Boyle,  John,  was  born  in  Botecourt  County, 
Virginia,  October,  28,  1774;  was  taken  by  his  father 
to  Kentucky  in  1779;  received  a  good  education; 


studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Lancaster  in  1797;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Eighth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1809;  was  appointed  governor  of  Illinois  Territory, 
but  did  not  serve;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals 
of  Kentucky  from  April,  1809,  to  April,  1810,  and 
chief  justice  of  that  court  from  April,  1810,  to  No 
vember  8,  1820;  was  United-States  district  judge  for 
the  District  of  Kentucky  from  November  8,  1820, 
to  his  death,  January  28,  1834. 

Brabson,  Reese  B.,  was  born  at  Chattanooga, 
Tennessee;  received  a  public -school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,372  votes 
against  8,313  votes  for  S.  A.  Smith,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Brace,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Harrington,  Con 
necticut,  November  12,  1754;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1779;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Hartford;  was  prosecuting  attorney  for 
Hartford  County,  judge  of  probate,  and  chief  judge 
of  the  county  court;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Fifth  Congress  to  fill  a 
vacancy  made  by  the  decease  of  Joshua  Coit,  and 
Avas  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from 
December'-S,  1798,  until  he  resigned  in  1800;  was 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Connecticut,  and  for  nine  years  mayor  of  Hartford, 
at  which  city  he  died  August  20,  1837. 

Bradbury,  George,  was  born  at  Falmouth, 
Massachusetts  (afterwards  Portland,  Maine),  in  1770; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1789;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Portland;  was 
a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  from  Portland  in  1800-1810, 1811,  and  1812; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  the  then  Maine  Dis 
trict  of  Massachusetts  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
as  a  Federalist,  defeating  William  Widgery,  War 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817; 
resumed  practice;  was  associate  clerk  of  the  Portland 
court  1817-1820;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Maine  in  1820;  and  died  at  Portland,  Maine,  Novem 
ber  7,  1823. 

Bradbury,  James  "W.,  was  born  in  the  Maine 
District  of  Massachusetts  in  1805;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1825; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Augusta,  Maine;  was  prosecuting  attor 
ney  1834-1838 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk 
ticket  in  1844;  and  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Maine,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1S53. 

Bradbury,  Theophilus,  was  born  at  Newbury, 
Massachusetls,  November  13,  1739;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in 
1757;  studied  law  while  teaching  school  at  Falmouth 
(now  Portland,  Maine) ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  there  1701-1779;  returned  to  Newbury,  and 
practised  there;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  and  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourth 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  1797,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Massachusetts,  a  position  which  he 
held  until  his  death  at  Newburyport,  Massachusetts, 
September  0,  1803. 

Bradford,  Allen  A.,  was  born  at  Friendship, 
Maine,  July  23,  1815;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1841;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Atchison  County,  Mis 
souri,  1845-1851;  removed  to  Iowa,  and  was  judge 
of  the  sixth  judicial  district  1852-1855;  removed  to 
Nebraska,  and  was  a  member  of  the  legislative  coun- 


296 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


cil  1856,  1857,  and  1858;  removed  to  Colorado  in 
18(50;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  Colorado  June  (>,  1S<>2;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Colorado  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  December 
4,  1865,  to  March  3,  18(37;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-iirst  Congress,  receiving  4,092  votes  against 
4,075  votes  for  Belden,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
March  4,  1861),  to  March  3,  1871. 

Bradford,  Taul,  was  born  at  Mardisville,  Ala 
bama,  January  20,  1835;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Alabama  in 
1854;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855, 
and  has  since  practised;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army  throughout  the  war ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  of  Alabama  in  1871  and  1872;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  19,424 
votes  against  14,076  votes  for  William  II.  Betts,  Re 
publican,  and  serving  from  December  0,  1875. 

Bradford,  ^William,  was  born  at  Plympton, 
Massachusetts,  November  4,  1729;  received  a  clas 
sical  education ;  studied  medicine  under  Dr.  Ezekiel 
Hersey,  at  Ilingham;  commenced  practice  at  Warren, 
Rhode  Island,  and  a  few  years  afterwards  removed 
to  Bristol,  where  he  studied  law,  and  practised  that 
profession;  he  was  a  member  of  the  Rhode-Island 
Committee  of  Correspondence  in  1773;  was  chosen 
deputy-governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1773 ;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1773,  but  never  took  his  seat;  was 
a  delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to  confer  with  the 
governments  of  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  General  Assembly,  and  one 
year  its  speaker ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Rhode  Island,  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
until  he  resigned  in  1797;  was  elected  president  of 
the  Senate  pro  tern.  July  6,  1797;  died  at  Bristol, 
Rhode  Island,  July  6,  1808. 

Bradley,  Edward,  was  born  at  East  Bloomfield, 
New  York,  April,  1808;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Ontario  County,  New  York ; 
was  appointed  associate  judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  in  1836;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1839, 
and  practised  there ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  of  Michigan  in  1842 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Michigan  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  9,515  votes  against  8,678  votes  for 
Gordon,  Whig,  and  1,127  votes  for  Hussey,  Aboli 
tionist,  but  never  took  his  seat,  on  account  of  ill- 
health  ;  died  at  New-York  City  August  5,  1847. 

Bradley,  Nathan  B.,  was  born  at  Lee,  Berk 
shire  County,  Massachusetts,  May  28,  1831 ;  removed 
with  his  parents  to  Lorain  County,  Ohio,  in  1835, 
and  settled  on  a  farm  in  a  locality  which  afforded  bill 
limited  opportunities  for  education;  apprenticed 
himself  at  the  age  of  sixteen  to  learn  the  trade  of  a 
custom  clothier,  and  served  the  term  of  three  years ; 
at  the  age  of  nineteen  went  to  Oshkosh,  Wisconsin, 
where  he  spent  a  year  in  the  employ  of  lumber  man 
ufacturers;  returned  to  Ohio,  where  he  remained 
about  two  years,  and  then  went  back  to  Michigan  to 
engage  in  manufacturing  lumber;  was  elected  a  jus 
tice  of  the  peace  three  terms,  a  supervisor  one  term, 
an  alderman  three  terms,  and  was  the  first  mayor  of 
Bay  City  after  it  obtained  its  charter,  declining  a 
renomination  from  both  political  parties  at  the  close 
of  the  term ;  was  a  candidate  for  the  lower  house  of 
the  State  legislature ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate  in  1866,  but  declined  a  renomination  at  the  close 
of  the  term ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Michigan  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Republi 
can,  receiving  11,333  votes  against  7,995  votes  for 
C.  W.  Wisner,  Liberal;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,258  votes  against 
9,997  votes  for  George  F.  Lewis,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  until  March  3,  1877. 

Bradley,  Stephen  Row,  was  born  at  Walling- 
ford,  Connecticut,  February  20,  1754;  received  a 


classical  education,  graduating  at  Tale  College  in 
1775;  studied  law  under  Judge  Reeve;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  May,  1779,  and  commenced  practice; 
commanded  a  volunteer  company  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  war,  and  served  as  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Wooster;  removing  to  Vermont,  he  took  an  active 
part  in  organizing  that  State ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Vermont,  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  again 
elected  United-States  senator  in  place  of  Elijah 
Paine  resigned,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1801,  until  March  3,  1813;  was  president  pro 
tempore  of  the  Senate  during  a  part  of  the  Seventh 
and  Tenth  Congresses;  and  died  at  Walpole,  New 
Hampshire,  December  16,  1830. 

Bradley,  William  Czar  (son  of  Stephen  Row 
Bradley),  was  born  at  Westminster,  Vermont,  March 
23,  1783;  received  a  classical  education,  entering 
Yale  College,  but  leaving  when  a  freshman,  in  1796; 
studied  law  with  his  father;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1802,  and  commenced  practice  at  Westminster, 
Vermont ;  was  secretary  of  commissioners  of  bank 
ruptcy  1800-1803 ;  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  Wind- 
ham  County  1804-1811 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1806-1807 ;  was  a  state  coun 
cillor  in  1812;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ver 
mont  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  as  a  War  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1815;  was 
agent  of  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  Ghent 
1823-1827 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1827 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  inlSSO;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Fremont  ticket  in  1856 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1857 ;  took  a  for 
mal  farewell  of  the  bar  of  Windham  County,  after 
fifty-six  years  of  practice,  in  1858;  and  died  at  West 
minster,  Vermont,  March  3,  1867. 

Bradshaw,  Samuel  C.,  was  born  at  Plum- 
stead,  Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania,  June  10,  1809; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  medi 
cine,  graduating  at  the  Pennsylvania  Medical  College 
in  1833,  and  commenced  practice  at  Quakertown ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
8,527  votes  against  8,182  votes  for  Bridges,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 1855,  to  March  3, 
1857;  was  defeated  as  a  Union  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,789  votes  against 
10,321  votes  for  Chapman,  Democrat. 

Brady,  Jasper  E.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  learned  the  hat 
ter's  trade;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Chambersburg,  Pennsyl 
vania  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  8,015  votes  against  8,182  votes 
for  J.  X.  McLanahan,  Democrat ;  removed  to  Pitts- 
burg,  Pennsylvania,  and  practised  law;  was  ap 
pointed  in  1861  a  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  paymaster- 
general  in  the  War  Department ;  died  at  Washington 
City  January  23,  1870. 

Bragg,  Edward  S.,  was  born  at  Unadilla,  New 
York,  February  20,  1827;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  which  was  completed  at  Geneva  College ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Fond- 
du-Lac,  Wisconsin ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  of  Wisconsin  in  1868  and  1869;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  May,  1861,  as  captain,  and  was  mustered  out 
of  service  in  October,  1865,  with  the  full  rank  of 
brigadier-general;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  19,544  votes  against  14,031  votes 
for  George  W.  Carter,  Republican. 

Bragg,  John  (brother  of  Thomas  Bragg),  was 
born  in  Warren  County,  North  Carolina;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


297 


North  Carolina  in  1824;  studied  law  under  Judge 
Hall;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons 
of  North  Carolina  in  1830-1834;  removed  in  1836  to 
Mobile,  Alabama,  where  he  practised ;  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  tenth  judicial  circuit  in  1842;  elected 
by  the  legislature  in  1844,  re-elected  in  1847,  and  re- 
elected  by  the  people  in  1850 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  6,113 
votes  against  4,254  votes  for  C.  C.  Langdon,  Union 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1853 ;  declined  a  re-election,  and  devoted  himself  to 
agricultural  pursuits;  was  a  delegate  from  Mobile 
to  the  State  Convention  of  1861. 

Bragg,  Thomas  (brother  of  John  Bragg),  was 
born  in  Warren  County,  North  Carolina,  November 
9,  1810;  was  educated  at  the  Military  Academy  at 
Middletown,  Connecticut;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Jackson, 
North  Carolina,  in  1831 ;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1842 ;  was  elected 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket 
in  1853 ;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1855-1859 ; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  North  Car 
olina,  as  a  Democrat,  to  succeed  David  S.  Reid, 
Democrat;  took  his  seat  December  5,  1859,  and  re 
signed  early  in  1861,  North  Carolina  having  seceded 
from  the  Union ;  was  appointed  by  Jefferson  Davis 
attorney-general  of  the  Confederate  States  February 
22,  1861,  and  served  two  years;  was  active  in  the  im 
peachment  of  Governor  Holden ;  and  died  at  Raleigh, 
North  Carolina,  January  21,  1872. 

Brainerd,  Lawrence,  was  a  prominent  busi 
ness-man  at  St.  Albans;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Vcnnont,  as  a  Free-Soiler,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  Upham,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Branch,  A.  M.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Texas  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress ;  and  his 
credentials  were  presented  January  10,  1S67  ;  but  he 
was  not  admitted  to  a  seat. 

Branch,  John,  was  born  in  Halifax  County, 
North  Carolina,  November  4,  1782;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1801 ;  studied  law  with  Judge  John  Hay- 
wood  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  North  Caro 
lina  in  1811,  1812,  1813,  1814,  1815,  1816,  1817,  1822, 
and  1834;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  1817-1820; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  in  1823,  and  re-elect 
ed  in  1829,  resigning  when  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  secretary  of  the  navy  March  9,  1829,  and  re 
signed  1831;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  until  March  3,  1833;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1835;  was  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of 
North  Carolina  in  1838,  and  was  defeated  by  Dudley, 
Whig;  was  appointed  by  President  Tyler  governor 
of  Florida,  serving  from  1844  until  the  election  of  a 
governor  under  the  State  Constitution  in  1845 ;  died 
at  Enfield,  North  Carolina,  January  4,  1863. 

Branch,  Lawrence  O'Brien  (son  of  John 
Branch),  was  born  in  Halifax  County,  North  Caro 
lina,  July  7,  1820;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1838;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Raleigh;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Tbirty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5.881  votes  against  3,310  votes  for 
Shepard,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  7,375  votes  against  1,102 
scattering  votes,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,827  votes  against  2,459 
votes  for  Sanders,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December 
3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  after  the  secession  of  North  Carolina  in  May, 
1861,  and  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in  Novem 
ber,  1861 ;  was  in  command  at  Newbern  when  it  was 


captured  by  General  Burnside ;  and  was  killed  at  the 
battle  of  Antietam  September  17,  1862. 

Brandegee,  Augustus,  was  born  at  New  Lon 
don,  Connecticut,  July  15,  1828;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1849;  studied 
law,  graduating  at  the  Yale  Law  School  in  1851 ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
London;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Connecticut  in  1854, 1858, 1859,  and  1861 ;  was  elected 
an  elector  on  the  Lincoln  ticket  in  1861 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Connecticut  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,878 
votes  against  6,381  votes  for  Converse,  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,566  votes  against  4,349  votes  for  Allen, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March 
4,  1867;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1864. 

Braxton,  Carter,  was  born  at  Newington,  Vir 
ginia,  Sept  ember  10,  1736;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  graduated  at  William  and  Mary  College  1755; 
visited  England,  and  remained  there  three  years; 
was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  House  of  Burgesses 
from  1760  until  1775;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
Conventions  of  1774  and  1775;  was  appointed  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  the  place  of 
Peyton  Randolph,  deceased,  in  December,  1775; 
signed  the  Declaration  of  Independence  adopted  July 
4,  1776;  was  not  re-appointed  to  the  next  Congress, 
but  was  re-appointed  at  the  first  session  of  the  Gen 
eral  Assembly  of  Virginia  under  the  new  constitu 
tion,  serving  from  1777  until  1783,  and  again  in  1785; 
was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Council  of  State  from 
1786  until  1791,  and  from  1794  until  he  died,  October 
10,  1797. 

Braxton,  Elliott  M.,  was  born  in  Matthews 
County,  Virginia,  October  8,  1823;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  studied  law,  and  practises 
the  profession;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
Virginia  in  1851,  and  re-elected  in  1853;  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Common  Council  of  Fredericksburg 
in  1866;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Forty-second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  12,719  votes  against  11,194  votes  for  L.  Mc- 
Kenzie,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1873. 

Brayton,  W^illiam  D.,  was  born  at  Warwick, 
Kent  County,  Rhode  Island,  November  6,  1815;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  passing  two  years  at 
Brown  University ;  entered  into  mercantile  persuits; 
was  for  several  years  town-clerk,  and  then  a  member 
of  the  Town  Council  of  Warwick;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  General  Assembly  in  1841  and  1851,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1848  and  1853;  served  as  major 
of  the  Fourth  Regiment  Rhode-Island  Militia  in  the 
Dorr  rebellion ;  was  chosen  presidential  elector  on  the 
Fremont  ticket  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  an 
American  Republican,  receiving  3,932  votes  against 
3,209  votes  for  Jackson,  Democrat,  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  3,019  votes 
against  1,789  votes  for  Anthony,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was 
defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,004  votes  against  4,545 
votes  for  Browne,  Unionist;  was  appointed  collector 
of  internal  revenue  for  the  Second  District  of  Rhode 
Island  in  1862,  and  served  until  he  resigned  in  1871 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  National  Union  Republican 
Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1872;  was  a  member 
of  the  National  Union  Republican  Committee  in 
1872  and  1876,  resigning  in  favor  of  Governor  How 
ard. 

Breck,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Topsfield,  Massa 
chusetts,  February  12,  1788;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1813; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Richmond,  Kentucky,  in  1814; 
was  judge  of  the  Richmond-county  court;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1824- 


298 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1829;  was  president  of  the  Richmond  branch  of 
the  State  Bank  of  Kentucky  1835-1843;  was  a  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Kentucky  1843-1849;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thir 
ty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,353  votes 
against  5,271  votes  for  Martin,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  resumed 
his  duties  as  president  of  the  Richmond  branch  of 
the  State  Bank. 

Breck,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Boston  July  17, 
1771 ;  received  a  classical  education,  which  was  com 
pleted  at  the  Royal  Military  School  of  Loreze,  in  the 
south  of  France ;  returning  to  the  United  States,  he 
afterwards  visited  Paris  during  the  stormy  scenes  of 
the  Revolution ;  establishing  himself  at  Philadelphia 
in  1792,  he  became  a  successful  merchant;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  and  the  city 
government ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  as  a  Federalist, 
and  served  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825; 
died  at  his  residence,  called  "Sweet  Brier,"  in  what 
was  afterwards  West  Fairmount  Park,  September  1, 
1802. 

Breckenridge,  Henry  M.,  of  Tarentum, 
Pennsylvania,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Richard  Biddle,  serving  from  December  10,  1840,  to 
March  3,  1841. 

Breckenridge,  James,  was  born  near  Fin- 
castle,  Botetourt  County,  Virginia,  March  7,  1703; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College 
in  1785;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1787,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fincastle;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  General  Assem 
bly,  and  took  especial  interest  in  the  construction  of 
the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal,  and  in  the  establish 
ment  of  the  University  of  Virginia;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Eleventh  Con 
gress,  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  Alexander  Wilson, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  119  majority  over  Thomas  L.  Preston,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  117  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1817;  and  died  at  Fineastle,  Virginia,  August  9,  1840. 

Breckenridge,  James  D.,  was  born  in  Jeffer 
son  County,  Kentucky;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress,  in  place  of  Winfield  Bul 
lock,  deceased,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1821, 
to  March  3,  1823;  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  May, 
1849. 

Breckenridge,  John  (grandfather  of  John  C. 
Breckinridge),  was  born  in  Virginia  in  17(>0;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Virginia;  removed 
to  Lexington,  Kentucky,  where  he  was  elected  to 
several  local  offices ;  was  elected  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Kentucky,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1801,  until  December  25,  1805,  when  he 
resigned  to  accept  the  position  of  attorney-general 
of  the  United  States  from  President  Jeff erson ;  and 
died  while  in  office,  at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  Decem 
ber  14,  1800.  He  was  the  author  and  advocate  of 
the  Virginia  Resolutions  of  1798-1799. 

Breckinridge,  John  Cabell  (grandson  of 
John  Breckenridge),  was  born  near  Lexington,  Ken 
tucky,  January  21,  1825;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  at  Centre  College;  studied  law  at  the  Transyl 
vania  Institute ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  went 
to  Burlington,  Iowa,  with  the  intention  of  settling 
there,  but  soon  returned,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Lexington,  Kentucky;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as 
major  of  the  Third  Kentucky  Volunteers;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,071  votes  against 


5,141  for  Leslie  Combs,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  0,532  votes  against 
0.900  votes  for  It.  P.  Letcher,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  tendered 
the  mission  to  Spain,  and  declined  it;  was  elected 
Vice-President  of  the  United  States  in  1850,  receiv 
ing  117  electoral  votes  as  a  Democrat  against  114 
votes  for  Dayton,  Republican,  and  8  votes  for  Donel- 
son,  National  American,  serving  from  March  4,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1861;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  President  in  1800,  receiving  72  electoral 
votes  against  180  votes  for  Abraham  Lincoln,  Repub 
lican,  39  votes  for  John  Bell,  National  American,  and 
12  votes  for  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Democrat;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky  in  the 
place  of  John  J.  Crittenden,  Whig;  served  from  July 
4,  1801,  to  August  0,  1801,  and  was  expelled  Decem 
ber  4,  1801 ;  entered  the  Confederate-States  army  as 
major-general;  was  secretary  of  war  of  the  Con 
federate-States  Government  from  January,  1805,  to 
April,  1805;  visited  Europe,  and  remained  there  until 
1808,  when  he  returned  to  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
where  he  died,  May  17,  1875. 

Breese,  Sidney,  was  born  at  Whitesborough, 
New  York,  July  15,  1800;  attended  Hamilton  Col 
lege,  but  graduated  at  Union  College;  removed  to 
Illinois;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1820,  and  commenced  practice  at  Kaskasia;  was  ap 
pointed  postmaster  of  Kaskasia  in  1821,  prosecuting 
attorney  in  1822,  and  United-States  district-attorney 
in  1827;  held  several  commissions  in  the  militia,  and 
served  as  a  lieutenant  of  volunteers  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war;  was  elected  circuit  judge  in  1835;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Illinois,  as  a 
Democrat,  to  succeed  Richard  M.  Young,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 1849 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and  its 
speaker  in  1850;  was  made  a  judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court  of  Illinois  in  1855,  and  its  chief  justice  in  1873. 

Brengle,  Francis,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
18U6;  received  a  classical  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843, 
to  March  3,  1845;  died  at  Frederick,  Maryland,  De 
cember  10,  1846. 

Brent,  Richard,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  classical  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Fourth  Congress,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795, 
to  March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Virginia,  serving  from  May  22,  1809, 
to  his  death,  at  Washington,  December  30,  1814. 

Brent,  William  Li.,  was  born  in  Charles  Coun 
ty,  Maryland;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  removed  to  Louisi 
ana,  where  he  practised ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Louisiana  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  as  a 
Whig,  by  a  majority  of  200  votes  over  J.  S.  Johnson, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress  by  a  majority  of  741  votes  over  Bullard,  Demo 
crat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress 
by  460  majority  over  his  Democratic  opponent,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1829;  prac 
tised  law  at  Washington  City  and  in  Louisiana;  and 
died  suddenly  of  apoplexy,  at  St.  Martinsville,  Lou 
isiana,  July  7,  1848. 

Brenton.  Samuel,  was  born  in  Gallatin  County, 
Kentucky,  November  22,  1810;  received  an  English 
education;  was  a  minister  of  the  gospel  1830-1848, 
when  he  was  stricken  with  paralysis,  and  left  the 
pulpit;  was  appointed  registrar  of  the  land  office  at 
Fort  Wayne  1848;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
Congress  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,823  votes  against  8,446 
votes  for  Borden,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  a 
Whig  candidate  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  5,900  votes  against  6,875  votes  for  Chamberlain, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


299 


Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7.485  votes 
against  5,881  votes  for  Chamberlain,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
10,699  votes  against  9,989  votes  for  Lowry.  Demo 
crat,  but  died  at  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana,  March  29, 
1857. 

Bretano,  Lorenzo,  was  born  at  Manheim, 
Grand  Duchy  of  Baden,  Germany,  November  4, 
1813;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  juris 
prudence  at  the  Universities  of  Heidelberg  and 
Freiburg,  and  graduated  as  LL.D. ;  practised  before 
the  Supreme  Court  of  Baden ;  was  elected,  on  attain 
ing  the  legal  age,  to  the  Chamber  of  Deputies,  and 
in  1848  to  the  Frankfort  Parliament;  was  president 
of  the  Provisional  Republican  Government  estab 
lished  by  the  revolutionists  of  1849;  was  in  contuma- 
ciwn  sentenced  to  imprisonment  for  life  after  the 
failure  of  the  revolution,  but  he  had  found  an  asy 
lum  in  the  United  States;  settled  in  Kalamazoo 
County,  Michigan,  as  a  farmer;  in  1859  he  removed 
to  Chicago,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  soon 
became  editor  in  chief  and  principal  proprietor  of 
"  The  Illinois  Staats-Zeitung ; "  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  in  1802;  was  for  five  years  presi 
dent  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Education;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket 
in  1868;  a  general  amnesty  having  been  granted  to 
those  who  had  participated  in  the  revolution  of  '49, 
he  revisited  his  native  land  in  1869,  returning  to 
Chicago  after  the  great  fire ;  was  appointed  United- 
States  consul  at  Dresden  in  1872,  and  served  until 
April,  1876;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  11,843  votes  against  11,435  votes  for  J.  V. 
LeMoyne,  Democrat. 

Brevard,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Mecklenburg 
County,  North  Carolina,  J.uly  19,  1766;  received  a 
classical  education ;  entered  the  North-Carolina  line 
in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  lieutenant  in  1782,  and 
served  throughout  the  war;  removed  to  Camden, 
South  Carolina,  and  was  sheriff  of  that  district  1789- 
1791 ;  was  appointed  commissioner  in  equity  Octo 
ber  14,  1791 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  February  11, 
1792;  was  elected  judge  December  17,  1801,  and  re 
signed,  on  account  of  his  health,  in  December,  1815; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821,  when  he  declined;  and  died 
at  Camden,  South  Carolina,  October  11,  1821. 

Brewer,  Mark  S.,  was  born  at  Addison,  Oak 
land  County,  Michigan,  October  22, 1837 ;  was  reared 
on  a  farm,  receiving  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law  with  ex-Governor  Wisner  and  M.  E. 
Crofoot ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Pontiac,  Michigan;  was  city  at 
torney  of  Pontiac  in  1866-1867;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Michigan  in  1872-1874 ;  and  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  23,356  votes 
against  21,615  votes  for  George  II.  Durand,  Demo 
crat. 

Brewster,  David  P.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Oswego,  New  York ;  was 
district-attorney  of  Oswego  County  1829-1836 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9.395  votes  against  8,592  votes  for  Henry  Fitzhugh, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  11,837  votes  against  11,364  votes 
for  Fortune  C.  White,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843;  and  died  at  Oswego,  New 
York,  February  19,  1876. 

Bridges,  George  W.,  was  born  in  McMinn 
County,  Tennessee,  October  9,  1825 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education  at  the  East-Tennessee  University; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  also  engaging  in  agricultural  pur 


suits;  was  attorney-general  of  Tennessee  1F49-1860; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  presidential  elector 
in  I860;  was  elected  in  August,  1861,  a  representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
as  a  Unionist,  receiving  8,000  votes  against  ^7,062 
votes  given  to  a  candidate  for  the  Confederate  Con 
gress  ;  was  arrested  011  his  way  to  Washington,  taken 
back,  and  held  over  a  year  #  prisoner  in  Tennessee ; 
succeeded  at  last  in  escaping,  and  was  admitted  to  a 
seat  in  the  House  February  25,  1863.  serving  until 
March  3,  1863. 

Bridges,  Samuel  Augustus,  was  born  at  Col 
chester,  Connecticut,  January  27,  1802;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Williams  College 
in  1826 ;  removed  to  Easton,  Pennsylvania,  in  Octo 
ber,  1826;  studied  law  with  James  Madison  Porter 
and  Robert  May  Brooke ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1829,  and  commenced  practice  at  Doylestown,  Penn 
sylvania;  removed  in  March,  1830,  to  Allentown, 
Pennsylvania,  where  he  continued  to  practice  until 
his  retirement;  was  deputy  attorney-general  of  the 
state  for  Lehigh  County  for  seven  years ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Democratic  State  Convention  in  1841 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  W.  Hornbeck,  Whig),  as  a  Demo 
crat,  by  154  majority,  and  serving  from  March  6, 
1848,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  8,328  votes  against 
7,480  votes  for  Caleb  N.  Taylor,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  "1855 ;  was  de 
feated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,182  votes  against  8,527 
votes  for  Samuel  C.  Bradshaw,  Whig;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  20,119 
votes  against  12,266  votes  for  Howard  J.  Reeder, 
Republican. 

Briggs,  George,  was  born  in  Fulton  County, 
New  York,  May  6,  1805;  removed  to  Vermont 
in  1812;  received  a  public-school  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  to  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1837;  removed 
in  1838  to  New- York  City,  and  was  a  large 
dealer  in  hardware  there;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,627  votes  against  1,476 
votes  for  Spencer,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  4,444  votes 
against  4,114  votes  for  Arcularius,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  an  American, 
receiving  8,3O6  votes  against  6,591  votes  for  Ward, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1861 ;  Avas  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union 
Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866;  and  died  at 
Saratoga,  New  York,  June  1,  1869. 

Briggs,  George  Nixon,  was  Jjorn  at  North 
Adams,  Massachusetts,  April  13,  1796;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  apprenticed  to  a  hatter; 
studied  law  with  L.  Washlmrn;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  October,  1818,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Pittsfield;  was  an  advocate  of  total  abstinence;  was 
register  of  deeds  for  Berkshire  County  1S24-1831 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  4,229  votes 
against  2,923  votes  for  all  others ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  3,567  votes 
against  3,014  votes  for  all  others ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,326  votes 
against  3,601  votes  for  Henry  W.  Bishop,  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5, 1831,  to  March  3, 1843 ;  was 
governor  of  Massachusetts  1844-1851;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1853; 
was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1851-1856 ; 
was  president  of  the  Tract  Society,  the  Baptist  Mis 
sionary  Union,  and  the  Sunday-school  Union;  was 
appointed  in  1861  one  of  a  commission  to  adjust 


300 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


differences  between  the  United  States  and  New 
Grenada;  was  mortally  wounded  by  tbe  accidental 
discharge  of  a  fowling-piece  September  12,  18(51.  A 
biography  of  him  was  published  by  Rev.  William  C. 
Richards  in  1800. 

Briggs,  James  F.,  was  born  at  Berry,  England, 
October  23,  1827;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  13,209  votes  against  12,111  votes 
for  Sulloway,  Democrat,  and  73  scattering. 

Brigham,  Elijah,  was  born  at  Northborough, 
Massachusetts,  June  0,  1750;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1778; 
commenced  the  study  of  divinity,  but  soon  relin 
quished  it,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  business  with 
his  brother-in-law  Breck  Parkman  of  Westborough ; 
was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
in  1795 ;  was  elected  a  State  senator  in  1790,  and  a  State 
councillor  in  1789  and  1790;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  as 
a  Federalist,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  November  4, 
1811,  until  he  died  suddenly,  of  croup,  at  Washing 
ton,  February  22,  1810. 

Bright,  Jesse  D.,  was  born  at  Norwich,  New 
York,  December  18,  1812;  was  taken  by  his  parents 
to  Indiana  in  1820;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Madison,  Indiana;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Probate  Court  of  Jefferson  County 
in  1834;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1830;  was  United-States  marshal  for  the 
District  of  Indiana;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor 
of  Indiana  in  1841 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Indiana,  as  a  Democrat,  to  succeed  Albert 
S.  White,  Whig;  and  was  twice  re-elected,  serving 
from  December  27,  1845,  to  February  5,  1802,  when 
he  was  expelled  for  having,  in  a  letter  to  Jefferson 
Davis,  recognized  him  as  President  of  the  Confed 
erate  States;  removed  to  Covington,  Kentucky;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1800;  was 
chosen  president  of  the  Raymond-City  Coal  Com 
pany  in  1871 ;  removed  to  Baltimore  in  1874,  retaining 
his  connection  with  the  coal  company;  and  died  of  a 
rheumatic  affection  of  the  heart,  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land,  May  20,  1875. 

Bright,  John  Morgan,  was  born  at  Fayette- 
ville,  Tennessee,  January  20,  1817;  received  a  clas 
sical  and  legal  education,  graduating  from  Nashville 
University,  Tennessee,  in  1839,  and  from  the  law 
department  of  Trannsylvania  University,  Lexington, 
Kentucky,  in  1841;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Fayetteville,  Tennessee ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1847-1848;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,827 
votes  against  1,843  votes  for  J.  Mullins,  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
12,585  votes  against  5,442  votes  for  J.  P.  Steelc,  Re 
publican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  10,224  votes  against  3,831  votes  for  Wisner, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,094  votes  against  5,309  votes  for 
Galbraith,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871. 

Brinkerhoff,  Henry  B.,  was  born  in  Adams 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1788;  was  taken  early  in 
life  by  his  parents  to  Cayuga  County,  New  York, 
then  a  wilderness ;  received  a  scanty  frontier  educa 
tion  ;  commanded  a  company  of  militia  in  the  war 
of  1812,  distinguishing  himself  at  the  battle  of 
Queenstown  Heights;  was  twice  elected  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature;  was  major-general  of  the 
New- York  State  militia;  removed  to  Huron  County, 
Ohio,  in  1827,  and  cultivated  a  large  farm;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,814  votes 
against  1,900  votes  for  Weldon,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  his  death,  at  his  farm  in 
Huron  County,  Ohio,  of  disease  contracted  in  Wash 
ington,  April  30,  1844. 


Brinkerhoff,  Jacob,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  removed  to  Plymouth,  Ohio;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,814  votes 
against  1,990  votes  for  Waldon,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Brisbin,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Chester  Butler),  as  a  Whig,  and  served  from  Janu 
ary  13,  1851,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Bristow,  Francis  Marion,  was  born  in  Clark 
County,  Kentucky,  August  11,  1804;  received  a 
thorough  English  education;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  devoting  himself  to  his  practice 
and  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1831  and  1833,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1840;  was  a  mcTiiber  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1849;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Presby  Ewing,  and  served  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,146  votes 
against  5,575  votes  for  Sale,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1801;  espoused 
the  Union  cause,  and  was  for  a  time,  a  refugee  in  Illi 
nois;  died  at  Elkton,  Kentucky,  June  10,  1804. 

Broadhead,  John  C.,  was  a  resident  at  Mo- 
dena,  Ulster  County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  that  State  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1831,  to  March  3,  1833;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Brockenbrough,  "William  H.,  was  born  in 
1813;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  was  induced  by  ill- 
health  to  settle  at  Tallahassee,  Florida;  was  a  sena 
tor  under  the  territorial  government,  and  United- 
States  district-attorney;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Florida  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  and  received  his  scat,  although  it  was 
contested  by  E.  C.  Cabell,  Whig,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  24,  1840,  to  March  3,  1847;  died  of  pulmonary 
consumption  at  Tallahassee,  Florida,  in  June,  1850. 

Brockway,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Ellington, 
Connecticut;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Yale  College  in  1820;  taught  school ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Ellington;  was  several  times  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  Con 
necticut  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecti 
cut  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
3,997  votes  against  3,505  votes  for  Cleveland,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  by  1,045  majority,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Broderick,  David  Colbreth,  was  born  at 
Washington  City  in  December,  1818,  his  father  hav 
ing  emigrated  from  Ireland  to  work  as  a  stone-cutter 
on  the  Capitol ;  removed  to  New  York  in  1823 ;  received 
a  public-school  education,  and  was  apprenticed  to 
learn  the  stone-cutter's  trade;  was  prominently  con 
nected  with  the  volunteer  fire  department;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  receiving  3,809  votes  against  4,205  votes  for 
Tallmadge,  Whig;  removed  to  California  in  1849; 
was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
California  in  1849;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  of  California  in  1850,  1851,  and  president  of  that 
body  the  last  year;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  California,  serving  from  March  4,  1857,  to 
March  3,  1859;  was  mortally  wounded  in  a  duel, 
before  the  expiration  of  his  term,  by  David  S.  Terry, 
chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  California,  near 
Lake  Merced  in  that  State ;  and  died  September  10, 
1859. 

Brodhead,  John,  was  born  in  1771;  was  for 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


301 


forty-four  years  a  minister  of  the  Methodist-Episco 
pal  Church;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  servin^ 
from  December  7,  1820,  to  March  3,  183;);  he  died  at 
New  Market,  New  Hampshire,  April  7,  1838. 

Brodhead,  Richard,  was  born  in  Pike  County, 
Pennsylvania ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,040  votes  without  opposition ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3, 1849;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Penn 
sylvania,  as  a  Democrat,  to  succeed  Daniel  Sturgeon, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1857;  died  at  Easton,  Pennsylvania,  September 
17,  1803. 

Brogden,  Curtis  H.,  of  Goldsborough,  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
21,000  votes  against  11,874  votes  for  Green,  Demo 
crat. 

Bromberg,  Frederick  George,  was  born  in 
New- York  City  June  10,  1837;  his  family  removed  to 
Mobile  in  February,  1838;  graduated  at  Harvard 
University,  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  in  1858;  was 
a  student  and  assistant  in  the  chemical  laboratory  of 
the  Lawrence  Scientific  School,  Cambridge,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  18(51-1803;  was  elected  tutor  "in  mathe 
matics  at  Harvard  University  in  1803;  resigned  in 
1805,  and  returned  to  Mobile ;  was  appointed  treas 
urer  of  the  city  of  Mobile  in  July,  1807,  by  Major- 
General  John  Pope,  commanding  the  department, 
and  served  until  January  19,  18(59;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Alabama  1808-1872;  was  ap 
pointed  postmaster  of  Mobile  in  July,  1809,  and 
removed  in  June,  1871,  without  cause;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  by  the  Liberal  Republicans  and  Demo 
crats,  receiving  15,007  votes  against  13,174  votes  for 
B.  S.  Turner,  and  7,024  votes  for  P.  Joseph,  Admin 
istration  Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,953 
votes  against  19,551  votes  for  Haralson,  Republican. 

Bromwell,  Henry  P.  H.,  was  born  at  Balti 
more,  Maryland,  August  26,  1823;  removed  when  a 
lad  to  Ohio,  and  afterwards  to  Illinois;  studied  and 

Rractised  law;  published  and  edited  "The  Vanda- 
an  Age  of  Steam  and  Fire;"  was  a  presidential 
elector  from  Illinois  in  1800;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,353  votes  against  12,027 
votes  for  Eden,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  17,410  votes  against  13,- 
252  votes  for  Black,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Bronson,  David,  was  born  at  Suffield,  Con 
necticut;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Dartmouth  College  in  1819;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1823,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Anson,  Maine ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1832  and  1834,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  George 
Evans  on  his  election  to  the  Senate),  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  col 
lector  of  customs  at  Bath,  Maine,  1850-1853;  was 
judge  of  probate  for  Sagadahoc  County  1854-1857; 
and  died  in  Talbot  County,  Maryland,  November 
20,  1863. 

Bronson,  Isaac  H.,  was  born  at  Rutland,  New 
York,  October  1(5,  1802;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1822, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Watertown,  New  York : 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1830;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 


gress,  receiving  4,309  votes  against  4,089  votes  for 
Thomas  C.  Chittenden,  Whig;  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  fifth  judicial  district  of  New  York;  was  ap 
pointed  United-States  district  judge  for  the  northern 
district  of  Florida;  and  died  at  Pilatka,  Florida,  Au 
gust  13,  1855. 

Brooke,  Walter,  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lexington,  Mississippi;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mississippi  (in 
place  of  Henry  S.  Foote  resigned),  sen-ing  from 
March  11,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Provisional  Confederate  Congress 
from  Mississippi,  serving  from  February  18,  1801,  to 
February  18,  1802;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 
the  Confederate  Senate  by  James  Phelan. 

Brooks,  David,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in 
1750;  received  a  public-school  education ;  entered  the 
Continental  army  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Pennsyl 
vania  line  in  1770;  was  captured  at  Fort  Washing 
ton  November  10,  1770,  and  exchanged  after  two 
years'  imprisonment;  was  appointed  assistant  cloth 
ier-general  in  1778,  in  which  position  he  secured  the 
friendship  of  Washington;  removed  after  the  war  to 
Dutchess  County,  New  York;  was  for  six  years  a 
member  of  the  State  Assembly;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  15,  1707,  to  March  3,  1700;"  was 
appointed  commissioner  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with 
the  Seneca  Indians;  was  first  judge  of  Dutchess 
County  for  sixteen  years;  was  an  officer  in  the 
United-States  customs  sen-ice;  and  died  at  his  resi 
dence  in  Dutchess  County,  New  York,  August  30, 
1838. 

Brooks,  George  Merrick,  was  born  at  Con 
cord,  Massachusetts,  July  20, 1824;  graduated  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1844;  studied  and  practised  law;  was 
a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1858,  of  the  Massachusetts  State  Senate  in 
1850,  and  of  the  joint  committee  of  the  Senate  and 
House  chosen  in  1850  to  revise  the  statutes  of  Massa 
chusetts;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  in  November, 
1809  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  appoint 
ment  of  Honorable  George  S.  Boutwcll  to  the  office 
of  secretary  of  the  treasury),  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  8,809  votes  against  4,284  votes  for  Saltonstall, 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  8,406  votes  against  4,501  votes 
for  Adams,  Democrat,  and  1,489  votes  for  Kimball, 
Labor  Reformer;  resigned  in  1872  on  being  appoint 
ed  judge  of  probate  for  Middlesex  County,  serving 
from  December  6,  1809,  to  May  13,  1872,  when  he 
resigned. 

Brooks,  James,  was  born  at  Portland,  Maine, 
November  10,  1810;  received  a  collegiate  education, 
graduating  at  Waterville  College;  taught  school  in 
Portland  until  1830;  edited  "  The  Portland  Adverti 
ser,"  for  which  he  wrote  letters  from  Washington 
during  the  sessions  of  Congress ;  travelled  in  Europe 
in  1835,  and  on  his  return  established,  in  1836,  "The 
New-York  Daily  Express,"  of  which  he  was  the  edit 
or  in  chief  through  the  remainder  of  his  life;  was 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  Congress  in  the 
Portland  district  in  1836,  receiving  3,320  votes  against 
3,729  votes  for  Francis  O.  J.  Smith,  Democrat,  and 
486  votes  scattering,  Mr.  Smith  receiving  a  majority 
at  the  second  trial;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1807;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  9,708  votes  against  2,042  votes  for 
Field,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  8,357  votes  against  0,724  votes  for 
Cocliran,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
0,025  votes  against  5,570  votes  for  Cowdin,  Union 
candidate;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  but  his  seat  was  successfully  contested  by 
William  E.  Dodge,  Republican,  serving  from  Deceni- 


302 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


bcr  7,  1803,  to  April  7,  1806;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,216 
votes  against  8,210  votes  for  Cannon,  Republican, 
and  serving  from  March  4,  1807;  was  appointed  a 
government  director  in  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad 
in  October,  1807;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  21,487  votes  against  9,866  votes 
for  Lainsbeer,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  12,845  votes  against 
5,497  votes  for  Wilkes,  Republican,  and  4,789  votes 
for  Wadsworth,  Independent;  contracted  disease 
while  travelling  around  the  world  in  1872,  which 
was  aggravated  by  the  action  of  the  House  condemn 
ing  his  connection  with  the  credit  mobilier;  and  he 
died  at  Washington,  April  30,  1873. 

Brooks,  Micah,  was  born  at  Cheshire,  Con 
necticut,  in  1775;  was  educated  by  his  father,  with 
whom  he  removed  to  Western  New  York;  taiight 
school  in  the  winters,  and  worked  on  a  farm  in  the 
summers;  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace  in 
1806 ;  was  judge  of  the  Livingston-county  court  1806- 
1820;  was  a  member  of  the  New- York  Assembly  1808 
and  1809;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from'  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1821;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Adams  ticket  in  1824;  and 
died  in  Livingston  County,  New  York,  July  7,  1857. 

Brooks,  Preston  S.,  was  born  in  Edgeficld  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina,  August  10,  1819;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  College  of 
South  Carolina  in  1839;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  May,  1843,  and  devoted  himself  to  his 
practice  and  to  planting;  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  General  Assembly  in  1844;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  captain  of  the  Palmetto  Regiment 
of  South-Carolina  Volunteers;  gave  his  attention 
exclusively  to  his  plantation  on  his  return;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress,  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  2,098  votes  against  1,492  for  Pickens,  1,474  for 
Sullivan,  and  1,415  for  Marshall,  all  State-rights 
Democrats;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  0,118  votes  against  3,051  votes  for 
A.  C.  Garlington,  State-rights,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  July  14,  1856,  when  (the  House  not 
having  given  a  two-thirds  vote  for  his  expulsion  for 
the  assault  upon  Charles  Sumner)  he  resigned ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  by  a 
unanimous  vote,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  by  a  unanimous  vote,  serving  from 
August  1,  1856,  to  his  death,  at  Washington  City, 
of  inflamed  sore-throat,  January  27,  1857. 

Broom,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land,  July  25,  1808;  received  a  classical  education; 
removed  to  Pennsylvania;  was  appointed  deputy- 
auditor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1840;  was  elected  clerk 
of  the  Philadelphia  Orphans'  Court  in  1849;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  as  an  American  Whig,  re 
ceiving  6,747  votes  against  5,993  votes  for  Phillips, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1857;  died  at  Washington  in  November,  1864. 

Broomall,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Upper  Chich- 
ester,  Pennsylvania,  January  19,  1810;  received  a 
classical  education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1851  and  1852;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Revenue 
Board  in  1854 ;  was  presidential  elector  in  1860  and 
1861;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,891  votes  against  6,445  votes  for  McCall, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,908  votes  against  7,231  votes  for 
Beatty,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  12,011  votes  against  8,531  votes 
for  Pratt,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863, 
to  March  3,  18(59. 

Broom,  James  M.,  was  born  in  Delaware  in 
1778;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 


Princeton  College  in  1794 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Delaware  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Broomfield,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Woodbridge, 
New  Jersey,  in  1754 ;  received  a  classical  education ; 
studied  law;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  in  1776, 
and  served  throughout  the  war,  attaining  the  rank 
of  major  of  the  Third  New-Jersey  Regiment;  was 
attorney-general  of  New  Jersey;  was  governor  of 
New  Jersey  1801-1812 ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821;  died  at  his 
residence,  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey,  October  3, 
1823. 

Brown,  Aaron  Vail,  was  born  in  Brunswick 
County,  Virginia,  August  15,  1795;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1814 ;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Nash 
ville,  Tennessee,  in  1815;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Nashville; 
was  subsequently  in  partnership  with  James  K.  Polk, 
in  Giles  County;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  4,403  votes  against  2,885  votes  for 
Ebenezer  S.  Shields,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  without  opposition,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,852  votes  against  3,723  votes  for  Pavat, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 1839,  until  March  3, 
1845;  was  elected  governor  of  Tennessee  in  1845, 
receiving  58,275  votes  against  50,805  votes  for  Foster, 
and  was  defeated  in  1847  as  a  candidate  for  re-elec 
tion;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  post 
master-general  in  March,  1857 ;  and  died  at  Washing 
ton  March  8,  1859. 

Brown,  Albert  Gallatin,  was  born  in  Ches 
ter  District,  South  Carolina,  May  31,  1813,  but  was 
taken  by  his  parents  to  Mississippi  when  he  was  a 
child;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1835-1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mis 
sissippi  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
on  a  general  ticket,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Superioi 
Court  in  1852-1853;  wras  governor  of  Mississippi  1844- 
1848;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  without  opposition;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,980 
votes  against  3,620  votes  for  Winans,  Whig,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
7,304  votes  against  5,444  votes  for  Dawson,  Whig, 
serving  from  January  24,  1848,  to  March  3,  1853;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mississippi  in 
1853,  and  re-elected  in  1859,  serving  from  January 
26,  1854,  to  his  withdrawal  on  the  secession  of  Mis 
sissippi,  January  12,  1861;  was  expelled  from  the 
United-States  Senate  July  11,  1861;  entered  the  Con 
federate  army  as  captain  in  the  Seventeenth  Missis 
sippi  Volunteers;  was  elected  a  Confederate-States 
senator  in  1862,  and  served  in  the  First  and  Second 
Congresses.  A  volume  of  his  addresses  and  speeches 
was  published  in  1859. 

Brown,  Anson,  was  born  at  Ballston,  New 
York,  in  1800;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Ballston;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,401  votes  against  5,028  votes  for  Nicolas 
Hill,  jun.,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  March  3,  1839, 
until  his  death,  at  Ballston  (where  he  had  gone  a  few 
days  previously  in  ill-health),  June  14,  1840. 

Brown,  Bedford,  was  born  in  Caswell  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1795;  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1815,  1816,  1817,  and 
1823,  and  to  the  State  Senate  in  1828  and  1829;  was 
elected  United-vStates  senator  from  North  Carolina  (to 
iill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


303 


Branch),  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  in  1835, 
serving  from  December  28,  1829,  until  1840,  when  he 
resigned,  because  he  could  not  obey  the  instructions  of 
the  General  Assembly  of  North  Carolina;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Slate  Senate  in  1842,  and  was  a  candi 
date  for  the  United-States  Senate,  but  was  defeated 
by  W.  II.  llaywood,  jun.,  after  an  angry  contest,  and 
withdrew  from  public  life;  removed  to  Missouri,  but 
returned  to  North  Carolina,  where  he  died,  at  his 
home  in  Caswell  Comity,  December  0,  1870. 

Brown,  Benjamin,  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  18U9,  1811,  and  1812;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1S17. 

Brown,  B.  Gratz  (grandson  of  John  Brown), 
was  born  at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  May  28,  1820; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Transyl 
vania  University  in  1845,  and  at  Yale  College  in  1847 ; 
studied  law  at  Louisville;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1852-1858;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  "  The  Missouri 
Democrat,"  and  its  editor  1864-1859;  wTas  an  eman 
cipationist,  and  took  an  active  part  in  preventing  the 
secession  of  Missouri  in  18(51;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Missouri,  as  a  Republican,  in  the 
place  of  W.  P.  Johnson,  expelled  in  18(52  (Robert 
Wilson  having  been  appointed  pro  tern.),  and  serving 
from  December  14,  1S03,  until  March  4,  1847;  was 
nominated  for  Vice-President  on  the  Greeley  ticket 
in  1872,  and,  after  Mr.  Greeley's  death,  received  18 
votes  for  president. 

Brown,  Charles,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,258 
majority  over  Tyson,  Whig,  and  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3, 1843;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  G,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  appointed  collector  of  customs  at 
Philadelphia;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
Union  Convention  of  18(50. 

Brown,  Elias,  was  born  near  Baltimore,  Mary 
land  ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  legislat  ire ;  was  chosen 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Monroe  ticket  in  1820, 
and  again  on  the  Adams  ticket  in  1828;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  receiving  0,144  votes  against  3,711  votes  for 
Barney,  and  serving  from  December  7, 1829,  to  March 
3,  1831;  was  again  chosen  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Adams  ticket  in  1830;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention;  and  died  near  Baltimore, 
July  7,  1857. 

Brown,  Ethan  Allen,  was  born  at  Darien, 
Connecticut,  July  4, 1770;  received  a  thorough  classi 
cal  education;  studied  law  under  Alexander  Hamil 
ton  at  New  York;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1802; 
removed  to  Cincinnati  in  1804,  and  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ohio  1810- 
1818;  was  governor  of  Ohio  1818-1822;  resigned  on 
being  elected  United-States  senator  from  Ohio  (to  fill 
a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  A.  Trim 
ble),  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  January  15,  1822, 
to  March  3,  1825;  was  canal  commissioner  of  Ohio 
1825-1830;  was  minister  to  Brazil  1830-1834;  was 
commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office  at  Washing 
ton,  from  July  24, 1835,  to  October  31,  1830 ;  removed 
to  Rising  Sun,  Indiana,  November  1,  183(5;  was  a 
member  of  the  Indiana  House  of  Representatives  in 
1842;  and  died  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  February  24, 
1852. 

Brown,  George  H.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1848;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Somerville,  New 
Jersey;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1844;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a 


Whig,  receiving  6,470  votes  against  0,251  votes  for 
Vail,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1851, 
to  March  3,  1855. 

Brown,  James  (brother  of  John  Brown),  was 
born  near  Staunton,  Virginia,  September  11,  17GG; 
received  a  classical  education,  which  was  completed 
at  William  and  Mary  College;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Frank 
fort,  Kentucky;  commanded  a  company  of  sharp 
shooters  in  an  expedition  against  the  Indians  in  1791 ; 
was  secretary  to  Governor  Shelby  in  1792;  removed 
to  New  Orleans  soon  after  the  cession  of  Louisiana; 
aided  Livingston  in  compiling  the  codes  of  laws ;  was 
secretary  of  the  territory,  and  subsequently  United- 
States  district-attorney;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Louisiana  (to  lill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  Noel  Destrahan),  serving 
from  February  5,  1813,  to  March  3, 1817;  was  defeated 
for  re-election  to  the  Senate  by  W.  C.  C.  Claiborne, 
who  died  before  taking  his  seat;  was  again  elected 


Brown,  James  S.,  was  born  at  Hampton,  Maine, 
February  1,  1824;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Cincinnati  in  1S40;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Mil- 
waukie,  Wisconsin,  in  1844;  was  prosecuting  attorney 
for  Milwaukio  County  in  1840,  and  attorney-general 
of  Wisconsin  in  1848;  was  mayor  of  Milwaukie  in 
18(50;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,598  votes  against  10,077  votes  for  Potter,  Republi 
can,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1865. 

Brown,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Goshen,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1782;  served  two  years  in  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  the  first  associate  judge 
elected  by  the  people;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  defeating 
the  Democratic  and  anti-Masonic  candidates;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
4,898  votes  against  3,940  votes  for  Martin,  Democrat, 
and  1,582  votes  for  Roberts,  anti-Mason,  and  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  died  at  Lancas 
ter,  Pennsylvania,  March  2,  1848. 

Brown,  John,  was  born  at  Lewistown,  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Brown,  John  (brother  of  James  Brown),  was 
born  at  Staunton,  Virginia,  September  12,  1757 ;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education ;  was  a  student  at  Prince 
ton  College  when  the  Revolutionary  army  retreated 
through  New  Jersey,  and  enlisted,  serving  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  completed  his  studies  at  William 
and  Mary  College,  Virginia;  taught  school  while 
studying  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  in  1782; 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Vir 
ginia  from  the  district  of  Kentucky  in  1785;  was  a 
delegate  from  the  Kentucky  district  of  Virginia  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1787-1788;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  the  Kentucky  district  of  Vir 
ginia  to  the  First  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  from 
that  district  to  the  Second  Congress,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  until  November  5,  1792,  when  he  took 
his  seat  as  United-States  senator  from  the  newly- 
admitted  State  of  Kentucky,  and  was  re-elected  in 
1799,  serving  from  November  5,  1792,  until  March  3, 
1795.  He  was  the  first  member  of  Congress  from  the 
Mississippi  Valley,  and  was  the  last  survivor  of  the 
Continental  Congress  when  he  died,  at  Frankfort, 
Kentucky,  August  27,  1828. 

Brown,  John,  was  born  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  January  27,  1730;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  in  partnership  with  his  three  brothers;  com 
manded  the  party  which  destroyed  the  British  sloop- 


304 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


of-war  "Gaspd"  in  Narragansctt  Bay,  and  was  sent 
iu  irons  to  Boston  for  trial,  but  was  released  through 
the  efforts  of  his  brother  Moses;  was  chosen  a  dele 
gate  from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental  Congress 
in  1784,  but  did  not  serve ;  was  a  munificent  patron 
of  Brown  University,  of  which  he  was  for  forty  years 
treasurer;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode 
Island  in  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  and  died  at  Providence, 
Rhode  Island,  September  20,  1803. 

Brown,  John,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from 
May  22,  1809,  to  his  resignation  in  1810. 

Brown,  John  W.,  was  born  at  Dundee,  Scot 
land,  October  11,  17(50;  was  brought  to  Newburg, 
New  York,  by  his  father,  in  1802 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  law  with  Jonathan  Fisk; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  1820; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  Congress  from  New 
York,  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837; 
was  elected  in  November,  1849,  a  justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  for  the  second  judicial  district  of  the 
State  of  New  York ;  was  re-elected  in  1857 ;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals  in  18G4  by  Judge  Hunt,  Republi 
can;  retired  from  the  bench  in  1805  to  resume  prac 
tice;  was  an  earnest  advocate  of  the  war  for  the  sup 
pression  of  the  Rebellion;  and  died  at  Newburg, 
after  a  short  illness,  September  6,  1875. 

Brown,  John  Young,  was  born  in  Hardin 
County,  Kentucky,  June  28,  1835;  graduated  at  Cen 
tre  College,  Danville,  Kentucky,  in  1855;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  over  Honorable  Joshua  II.  Jewett,  but,  by 
reason  of  not  having  attained  the  age  required  by 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  did  not  take 
his  seat  as  a  member  of  that  body  until  the  second 
session;  he  was  a  member  of  the  National  Douglas 
Committee  in  18GO;  he  was  again  elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,922 
votes  against  2,810  votes  for  Samuel  E.  Smith,  and 
1,555  votes  for  B.  C.  Ritter,  but  the  House  refused 
him  a  seat,  on  account  of  the  alleged  disloyalty  of  a 
letter  which  he  had  written,  by  a  vote  of  108  yeas 
against  43  nays,  and  his  district  remained  unrepre 
sented  during  that  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,- 
888  votes  against  457  votes  for  S.  W.  Langley,  Re 
publican;  and  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,381  votes  against  3,864  votes  for 
George  Smith,  Republican,  and  797  votes  for  E.  R. 
Weir,  Independent  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1873. 

Brown,  Milton,  was  born  in  Ohio ;  removed  to 
Jackson,  Tennessee;  filled  several  k>cal  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,852  votes 
against  3,723  votes  for  Pavat,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841.  to  March  3,  1847. 

Brown,  Robert,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fifth  Congress  to  fill  a 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  Sit- 
greaves;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh, 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thir 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  4,  1798, 
to  March  2,  1815. 

Brown,  Titus,  was  born  in  Cheshire  County, 
New  Hampshire,  in  1780;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Middlebury  College  in  1811 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Francestown,  New  Hampshire;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  in  1820-1825;  was  solicitor  of  Hills- 
borough  County  1823-1825  and  1829-1834;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Nine 


teenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3,  1829  ;  was  State  senator,  and  president  of  the 
Senate,  in  1842;  and  died  at  Francestown,  New 
Hampshire,  January  31,  1849. 

Brown,  William,  was  born  in  Frederick  County, 
Virginia;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  Kentucky,  and  located  at  Cynthiana,  Harrison 
County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  by  a  majority  of  over  1,000 
over  B.  Tyler,  and  serving  from  December  6, 1819,  to 
March  3,  1821. 

Brown,  William  G.,  was  born  in  Preston 
County,  Virginia,  September  25,  1801  ;  received  a 
public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Kingwood, 
in  1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Delegates  of 
Virginia  in  1832,  and  again  in  1840-1843;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Allen,  Whig, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  defeat 
ing  Hawkins,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1850;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  of  1800  at 
Charleston  and  at  Baltimore ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Virginia  State  Convention  of  18(51,  opposing  seces 
sion;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  from  Virginia,  as  a  Unionist ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  from  West  Virginia,  as 
a  Unionist,  receiving  3,57(5  votes  against  1,804  votes 
for  Burdett,  Unionist,  and  800  votes  for  Zinn,  Union 
ist,  serving  from  July  15,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Brown,  William  J.,  was  born  in  Kentucky, 
November  22,  1805;  removed  to  Indiana  in  1821 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature,  and  secretary  of 
state,  for  Indiana;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,399  votes  against  0,314  votes  for 
Wallace,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  4,  1843, 
to  March  3,  1845;  was  second  assistant  postmaster- 
general  during  the  Polk  administration,  1845-1849; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,762  votes  against  7,205  votes  for  Herod, 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March 
3,  1851;  was  editor  of  "The  Indiana  Sentinel,"  and 
State  librarian  of  Indiana;  was  special  agent  of  the 
Post-office  Department  for  Indiana  and  Illinois; 
died  near  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  March  18,  1857. 

Brown,  William  R.,  was  born  at  Buffalo,  New 
York,  July  16,  1840;  graduated  at  Union  College, 
Schenectady,  New  York,  in  1862 ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864;  was  elected  judge 
of  the  ninth  judicial  district  of  Kansas  in  1867,  and 
re-elected  in  1872;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kansas  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  14,538  votes  against  9,893  votes 
for  J.  K.  Hudson,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
6,  1875. 

Browne,  George  Huntington,  was  born  at 
Gloucester,  Rhode  Island,  January  6,  1811;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  from  Brown  Uni 
versity  in  1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1843,  and  commenced  practice  at  Providence ;  was 
elected  a  representative  to  the  so-called  Charter  Gen 
eral  Assembly  of  Rhode  Island  in  1842,  and  at  the 
same  time  was  elected  a  representative  to  what  was 
denominated  the  Suffrage  Legislature,  and  attended 
the  latter;  was  again  elected  a  representative  to  the 
General  Assembly  of  Rhode  Island,  under  the  Con 
stitution,  in  1849,  1850,  1851,  and  1852;  was  appointed 
in  1852  United-States  district-attorney  for  Rhode  Is 
land,  and  held  the  office  until  he  resigned  in  1861 ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Charleston  and  Baltimore  National 
Democratic  Convention  in  1860,  supporting  Stephen 
A.  Douglas  as  a  candidate  for  the  presidency;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Peace  Conference  at  Washington 
February  4,  1861 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a 
Union  Democrat,  receiving  4,547  votes  against  3,998 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


305 


votes  for  William  Brayton,  American  Republican 
and  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863 
entered  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  Twelftl 
Rhode-Island  Volunteers  October  13,  1862,  and 
served  through  the  tenn  of  enlistment,  participating 
in  the  battle  of  Fredcricksburg  December  13,  18(52" 
and  in  several  subsequent  skirmishes  ;  was  State 
senator  in  1872  and  1873;  was  elected  in  May,  1874, 
by  the  General  Assembly,  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Rhode  Island,  and  commissioned,  but  de 
clined  the  office. 

Browne,  Thomas  MM  was  born  at  New  Paris, 
Preble  County,  Ohio,  April  19,  1829;  removed  to  Indi 
ana  in  January,  1844;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Winchester,  Indiana;  was 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  for  the  thirteenth  judi 
cial  circuit  in  1855,  and  re-elected  in  1857  and  in 
1859;  was  secretary  of  the  State  Senate  in  1861,  and 
a  member  of  that  body  in  1863;  assisted  in  organ 
izing  the  Seventh  Indiana  Cavalry,  and  went  to  the 
field  as  its  lieutenant-colonel ;  was  promoted  to  its 
colonelcy,  and  subsequently  commissioned  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  brigadier-general  by  brevet;  was  ap 
pointed  in  April,  1869,  United-States  district-attorney 
for  the  District  of  Indiana,  and  resigned  August  1, 
1872 ;  was  the  Republican  candidate  for  governor  of 
Indiana  in  1872,  and  was  defeated  by  Thomas  A. 
Hendricks;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,598 
votes  against  14,069  votes  for  William  S.  Holman, 
Democrat. 

Browning,  Orville  H.,  was  born  in  Harrison 
County,  Kentucky,  in  1810;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation  at  Augusta  College;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Quincy,  Illinois;  served  in  the  Illinois  volunteers 
through  the  Black  Hawk  war  in  1832 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Illinois  in  1836-1840,  and  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1841-1843;  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  Republican  party,  and  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Convention  at  Chicago  in 
1860 ;  was  appointed  United-States  senator  from 
Illinois  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Stephen  A.  Douglas),  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
January  30, 1863 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Union  execu 
tive  committee  in  1866;  was  appointed  secretary  of 
the  interior  by  President  Johnson  in  July,  1866,  but 
only  served  from  September  1,  1866,  to  March  3, 
1869;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1869. 

Brownlow,  "William  Gannaway,  was  born 
in  Wy the  County,  Virginia,  August  29,  1805 ;  when 
about  twelve  years  of  age,  his  parents  died,  leav 
ing  him  penniless;  when  eighteen  years  of  age,  he 
removed  to  Abingdon,  where  he  apprenticed  him 
self  to  a  house-carpenter,  and,  after  obtaining 
the  trade,  he  entered  the  travelling  ministry  of  the 
Methodist-Episcopal  Church ;  in  1828  he  removed  to 
Tennessee;  from  1839  until  the  last  of  October,  1861, 
he  published  and  edited  a  newspaper  called  "  The 
Whig;"  in  1843  he  ran  for  Congress  as  the  Whig 
nominee  against  Andrew  Johnson;  in  1850  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Fillmore  one  of  several  com 
missioners  to  carry  out  congressional  provisions  for 
improving  the  navigation  of  the  Tennessee  River; 
having  always  been  a  supporter  of  the  Union,  he  was 
very  severe  in  his  denunciations  of  the  Rebellion 
when  it  broke  out,  and  for  his  loyalty  was  impris 
oned  in  a  fireless  jail  in  the  winter,  where  he  con 
tracted  painful  diseases ;  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  which  re-organized  the 
State  Government  of  Tennessee ;  on  the  4th  of  March, 
1865,  he  was  elected  governor  of  Tennessee  without 
opposition,  and  in  August,  1867,  he  was  re-elected, 
defeating  Emerson  Etheridge,  a  former  representa 
tive  in  Congress,  and  clerk  of  the  House;  he  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Tennessee,  as  a 
Republican,  in  place  of  David  T.  Patterson,  War 
Democrat,  and  served  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March 


3,  1875 ;  returned  to  Knoxville,  where  he  occasionally 
gave  publicity  to  his  views  on  public  questions 
through  the  local  journals;  and  died  at  Knoxville 
April  29,  1877,  after  an  illness  of  only  a  few  hours. 
He  published  "  The  Iron  Wheel  Examined,  and  its 
False  Spokes  Extracted;"  "Debates  on  Slavery;" 
and  "Sketches  of  the  Rise,  Progress,  and  Decline  of 
Secession." 

Brownson,  Nathan,  was  born  in  Georgia  in 
1743;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1761 ;  studied  medicine ;  was  admitted 
to  practice,  and  located  in  Liberty  County,  Georgia; 
was  an  active  revolutionist;  was  a  member  of  the - 
Provincial  Congress  of  1775;  served  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  army  as  surgeon ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  its  speaker  in  1781, 
and  was  chosen  by  that  body  governor  of  Georgia; 
was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1776  and  1778;  was  again  elected  to  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1778,  serving  as  speaker 
in  1798;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  was  its 
president  in  1789-1791 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1789;  and  died  in  Lib 
erty  Countv,  Georgia,  November  6,  1796. 

Bruce,  Blanche  K.,  was  born  in  Prince  Edward 
County,  Virginia,  March  1,  1841;  as  his  parents  were 
slaves,  he  received  a  limited  education;  became  a 
planter  in  Mississippi  in  1869 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Mississippi  levee  board,  and  sheriff  and  tax-collector 
of  Bolivar  County  from  1872  until  his  election  to  the 
United-States  senate  from  Mississippi,  February  3, 
1875,  as  a  Republican,  to  succeed  Henry  R.  Pease, 
Republican,  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1875.  His 
term  of  sen-ice  will  expire  March  3,  1881. 

Bruce,  John  P.,  of  Washington,  Missouri, 
claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  contested  the  seat  taken  by  Benjamin  F. 
Loan,  Republican,  on  the  ground  that  the  armed 
militia  of  the  State  had  interfered  with  the  election; 
the  House  committee  of  elections  decided  that  there 
was  such  an  amount  of  intimidation  by  armed  men 
as  to  require  the  seat  to  be  vacated  and  a  new  elec 
tion  held;  but  the  House  refused  to  adopt  the  report, 
and  General  Loan  retained  the  seat. 

Bruce,  Phineas,  was  born  June  17,  1762;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1786;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
legislature  in  1792,  1793,  1796,  and  1800;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eighth 
Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1805. 

Brush,  Henry,  was  born  in  Dutchess  County, 
New  York,  in  June,  1778;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  removing  sub 
sequently  to  London,  Ohio;  was  grand  master  of 
Masons  in  Ohio  1813-1818;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  2,727  votes  against  1,954  votes  for  Edward 
Tupper,  and  1,803  votes  for  Levi  Barber,  and  serving 
irom  December  6, 1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  de- 
'eated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
jy  Levi  Barber;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Ohio;  retired  to  his  farm,  near  London,  Ohio,  and 
died  there  January  19,  1855. 

Bruyn,  Andrew  De  Witt,  was  born  in  the 
State  of  New  York;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
jractice  at  Ithaca;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  his  death,  from  consumption, 
at  Ithaca,  July  27,  1838. 

Bryan,  Guy  M.,  Avas  born  in  Missouri,  June  12, 
1821;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Texas,  participating  in  the  revolutionary  struggle 
against  Mexico  in  1836 ;  served  in  the  Texas  Volun- 
,eers  on  the  eastern  bank  of  the  Rio  Grande;  was  a 


30G 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


member  of  the  Texas  legislature  for  seven  years; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  21,142 
votes  against  5,013  votes  for  Howth,  National  Ameri 
can,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1859. 

Bryan,  Henry  H.,  was  born  in  Martin  County, 
North  Carolina;  received  a  classical  education;  re 
moved  to  Tennessee;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  receiving  a  large  majority  over  E.  B. 
Robertson,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1823;  died  in  Montgomery  County,  Ten 
nessee,  May  9,  1835. 

Bryan,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Newbern  in  1798; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  in  1815 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1823- 
1824;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  defeating  Richard 
D.  Spaight,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1829;  declined  a  re-election;  removed  to  Raleigh. 

Bryan,  Joseph,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Eighth  Congress;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  until  1806,  when  he  resigned. 

Bryan,  Joseph  H.,  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to 
March  3,  1819. 

Bryan,  Nathan,  was  born  in  Jones  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1748;  was  a  leading  member  of 
the  Baptist  persuasion  in  North  Carolina;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina 
in  1793  and  1794;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Fourth,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  until 
his  death,  of  a  pulmonary  complaint,  at  Philadelphia, 
June  4,  1798. 

Buchanan,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Waynesburg, 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Andrew  Stewart,  Whig,  by  1,000 
majority;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 
3,  1839. 

Buchanan,  Hugh,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  a  Con 
servative,  but  was  not  admitted  to  a  seat. 

Buchanan,  James,  was  born  in  Franklin  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  April  23,  1791 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dickinson  College  in  1809; 
studied  law  with  James  Hopkins;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1812,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lancas 
ter,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  as  a 
Federalist,  and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses,  having  become  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March 
3,1831;  was  minister  to  Russia  in  1832-1834;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  on  the  fourth  ballot, 
as  a  Democrat,  in  place  of  William  Wilkins,  Demo 
crat,  resigned ;  was  twice  re-elected,  and  served  from 
December  15,  1834,  until  he  resigned  in  March,  1845 ; 
was  secretary  of  state  under  President  Polk  1845- 
1849;  was  minister  to  Great  Britain  1853-1850;  was 
elected  President  of  the  United  States  in  1856,  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  173  electoral  votes  against  114 
electoral  votes  for  John  C.  Fremont,  and  8  elec 
toral  votes  for  Millard  Fillmore,  and  serving  from 
March  4,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  retired  to  Wheat- 
land,  near  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  died 
of  pleuro-piuHimonia,  June  1,  1808.  He  published 
numerous  political  pamphlets,  and  "Mr.  Buchanan's 
Administration,"  1868. 


Bucher,  John  C.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Harrisburg;  was  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1831,  to  March  3, 1833 ;  and  died  at  Harrisburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  October  26,  1851. 

Buck,  Alfred  B.,  was  born  at  Foxcroft,  Maine, 
February  7,  1S32  ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Waterville  College,  Maine,  in  1859; 
was  principal  of  the  high  school  at  Lewiston,  Maine; 
entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as  captain  of  com 
pany  C,  Thirteenth  Maine  Infantry ;  was  appointed 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Ninety-first  United-States 
Colored  Troops  in  August,  1863;  was  transferred, 
and  made  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Fifty-first  United- 
States  Colored  Troops  in  October,  1864 ;  was  brevettcd 
colonel  of  volunteers  for  gallant  conduct  at  the  siege 
of  Fort  Blakely,  Alabama,  April,  1865 ;  was  mustered 
out  of  service  at  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  June,  1866; 
was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Alabama  in  1867;  was  appointed  by  General  Pope 
clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Mobile  County,  Ala 
bama,  in  1867,  and  was  elected  to  the  same  office  in 
1868;  was  chosen  presidential  elector  in  1868,  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,191 
votes  against  12,080  votes  for  Mann,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Buck,  Daniel  (father  of  Daniel  A.  A.  Buck), 
was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  Vermont,  and  took 
an  active  part  in  securing  its  recognition  as  one  of 
the  States  of  the  Union;  was  distinguished  as  a  law 
yer;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in 
the  Fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  7, 
1795,  to  March  3,  1797;  died  1817. 

Buck,  Daniel  Azro  A.,  was  born  in  Vermont, 
January  16,  1789;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Middlcbury  College  in  1807;  entered 
the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point,  and  was  com 
missioned  as  lieutenant  in  the  army  in  1808;  resigned 
his  commission  in  1811,  and  studied  law;  raised  a 
company  of  volunteer  rangers  in  1813,  and  served 
until  1815;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Chelsea,  Vermont;  was  for  sixteen  years  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Vermont,  serving 
twelve  years  as  speaker  of  the  House;  was  State 
attorney  for  Orange  County  for  six  years;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1821 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Vermont  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  10,151  votes  against  2,961  votes  for  P.  White, 
and  serving  from  December  1, 1823,  to  March  3,  1825 ; 
and  was  again  elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829; 
was  a  clerk  in  the  Indian  Bureau,  then  connected 
with  the  War  Department;  and  died  at  Washington 
City  December  24,  1841. 

Buckalew,  Charles  R.,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  Pennsylvania,  December  28,  1821;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  and  practised  law; 
was  State  attorney  for  Columbia  County  from  1845  to 
1847;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Pennsyl 
vania  in  1851,  1852,  1853,  1854,  1855,  1856,  and  1858; 
was  United-States  commissioner  to  exchange  ratifi 
cations  of  a  treaty  with  Paraguay  in  1854;  was  ap 
pointed  resident  minister  to  Ecuador  in  1858;  was 
elected  by  a  majority  of  one  vote  United-States  senator 
from  Pennsylvania  (to  succeed  David  Wilmot,  Re 
publican),  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1869;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate,  when  he  initiated  the  movement  for  a 
constitutional  convention,  of  which  he  was  a  leading 
member. 

Buckingham,  William  Alfred,  was  born  in 
Lebanon,  Connecticut,  May  28,  1804;  educated  prin 
cipally  in  the  public  schools;  was  trained  a  farmer; 
entered  a  store  at  twenty;  was  engaged  in  mercantile 
business  twenty-one  years,  and  then  in  manufactur 
ing;  was  elected  mayor  of  the  city  of  Norwich  in 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


307 


1840,  1850,  1850,  and  1857;  was  presidential  electo 
in  1850;  was  governor  of  Connecticut  from  1858  t( 
18GO;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Con 
nccticut,  as  a  Republican,  to  succeed  James  Dixon 
Democrat,  and  too"k  his  seat  March  4,  1809;  he  diec 
after  an  illness  of  some  months  at  Norwich,  Con 
necticut,  February  5,  1875. 

Buckland,  Ralph  P.,  was  born  at  Leyden,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  20,  1812,  and  was  taken  to  Ohi< 
in  the  same  year;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Kenyon  College,  Ohio;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio 
in  185(5,  1857,  1858,  and  1859;  entered  the  Union  armj 
in  1801  as  colonel  of  the  Seventy-second  Ohio  Volun 
teers,  and  attained  the  rank  of  major-general,  serving 
until  he  took  his  seat  as  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  having  been  elected  while 
in  the  field,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,511  votes 
against  11,717  votes  for  Noble,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  15,23] 
votes  against  13,944  votes  for  Finefrock,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809. 
Buckley,  Charles  W.,  was  born  at  Otsego 
County,  New  York,  February  18,  1835 ;  graduated  at 
Bcloit  College,  Wisconsin,  in  1800,  and  at  the  Union 
Theological  Seminary  in  New  York-City  in  1803; 
entered  the  Union  army  February  9,  1804,  and  was 
mustered  out  January  11,  1800;  was  the  Alabama 
State  superintendent  of  education  for  the  Bureau  of 
Refugees  and  Freedmen  in  1800  and  1807;  was  a 
member  of  the  convention  which  framed  the  present 
Constitution  of  Alabama  in  1807 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
as  a  Republican,  and  took  his  seat  on  the  re-admis 
sion  of  the  State;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  14,933  votes  against  10,780 
votes  for  Wortley,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
6,  1809,  to  March  0,  1871. 

Buckner,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Indiana; 
removed  to  Missouri  in  1818 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1820 ;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Mis 
souri,  serving  from  March  4,  1831,  until  he  died,  of 
cholera,  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  June  15,  1833. 

Buckner,  Aylett  Hawes,  was  born  at  Freder- 
ricksburg,  Virgina  ;  was  educated  at  Georgetown 
College  and  at  the  University  of  Virginia;  taught 
school,  and  studied  law;  emigrated  to  Missouri  in 
1837;  was  elected  in  1841  clerk  of  the  County  Probate 
Court  of  Pike  County;  in  1850  removed  to  St.  Louis, 
and  practised  his  profession;  was  elected  attorney 
for  the  Bank  of  the  State  of  Missouri  in  1852 ;  in  1854 
was  appointed  commissioner  of  public  works  by 
Governor  Sterling  Price ;  in  1857  was  elected  judge 
of  the  Third  Judicial  Circuit;  in  1801  was  selected 
by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  as  one  of  the 
delegates  to  the  Peace  Congress ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,249  votes  against 
7,710  votes  for  T.  J.  C.  Fogg,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  17,518 
votes  against  5,491  votes  for  F.  Keckel,  Republican ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  22,575  votes  against  587  votes  for  I.  S.  Hazelton, 
Greenbacker,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Buckner,  Aylett,  was  born  at  Greensburg,  Ken 
tucky  ;  received  a  classical  education  at  New-Athens 
Seminary;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1842-1843;  was  elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,177  votes  against 
5,791  votes  for  James,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,579  votes  against  0,719  votes  for  Caldwell, 
Democrat. 

Buckner,  Richard  A.,  was  born  in  Fauquier 
County,  Virginia,  July  10,  1703;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Greensburg,  Kentucky; 


was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  as  an  anti-Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  the  Twentieth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1829;  was  defeated  as  a  Whig  candidate  for  governor; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in 
1841;  was  a  circuit  judge  in  1845;  and  died  at 
Greensburg,  Kentucky,  December  8, 1847. 

Buel,  Alexander  Hamilton,  was  born  at 
Fairfield,  New  York,  July  14,  1801 ;  was  educated  at 
the  Herkimer-county  Academy;  inherited  at  an 
early  age  his  father's  store  and  business,  which  he 
successfully  carried  on;  was  largely  interested  in 
California  trade;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  0,035  votes  against  6,047  votes  for 
Alexander,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851, 
until  he  died  at  Washington,  after  a  brief  attack  of 
pneumonia,  January  29,  1853. 

Buel,  Alexander  Wadleigh,  was  born  at 
Castleton,  Vermont,  in  1813;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Middlebury  College  in 
1830;  taught  school  while  he  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  De 
troit,  Michigan,  in  1834;  was  city  attorney  of  Detroit 
in  1830;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Michigan  in  1837,  and  again  in  1847;  was  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Wayne  County  in  1843  and  1844;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,909  votes  against  10,741  votes  for 
Penniman,  Free-soil  Whig;  died  at  Detroit,  Michi- 
;an,  April  17,  1808. 

Buffinton,  James,  was  born  at  Fall  River, 
Massachusetts,  March  10,  1817;  received  an  English 
education  at  the  Friends'  College,  Providence;  worked 
n  a  factory;  studied  medicine,  but  was  not  admitted 
to  practice;  went  on  a  whaling-voyage,  and,  on  his 
return,  commenced  business  at  Fall  River,  of  which 
city  he  was  mayor  in  1854,  1855 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  as  an  American,  receiving  0,352  votes 
against  1,401  votes  for  Crocker,  Whig,  800  votes  for 
Vickery,  Democrat,  and  454  votes  for  Weston,  Free- 
soil  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  an 
American  Republican,  receiving  11,658  votes  against 
3,314  votes  for  Vickery,  Democrat,  and  1,132  votes 
'or  Dunbar,  National  American  ;  was  re-elected  to 
he  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
',385  votes  against  2,941  votes  for  Wilson,  Democrat; 
tvas  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  10,103  votes  against  4,409  votes 
x>r  Hobart,  Democrat,  and  258  scattering,  —  serving 
'rom  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1865.  Fall  River 
laving  been  incorporated  into  another  district,  he 
icccpted  a  position  as  special  agent  of  the  treasury, 
and  was  then  made  collector  of  internal  revenue; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  12,975  votes  against  3,486  votes 
or  Cobb,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
econd  Congress,  receiving  8,284  votes  against  2,667 
rotes  for  Pitman,  Independent,  and  1,927  votes  for 
Domstock,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
hird  Congress,  receiving  12,441  votes  against  2,609 
votes  for  Day,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Torty-fourth  Congress,  but  died  suddenly,  before 
aking  his  seat,  at  Fall  River,  Massachusetts,  March 
,  1875,  having  served  from  March  4,  1869. 
Buffington,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Pennsylva- 
lia;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Kit- 
aning,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
rom  that  State  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a 
(Vhig,  receiving  5,079  votes  against  4,032  votes  for 
,orain,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
linth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
larch  3,  1847. 
Buffum,  Joseph,  jun.,  was  bom  at  Fitchlmrg, 


308 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Massachusetts,  September  23,  1784;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1800;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Westmoreland,  New  Hamp 
shire;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  served 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  was  re- 
nominated,  but  declined  a  re-election;  relinquished 
practice ;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  January  21,  1825,  and  resided  on  a  well- 
cultivated  farm  until  he  became  the  last  survivor  of 
the  Sixteenth  Congress;  died  at  Westmoreland,  New 
Hampshire,  February  24,  1874. 

Bugg,  Robert  M.,  was  born  at  Lynnvillc,  Ten 
nessee  ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was 
elected  a.  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  6,421  votes  against 
5,865  votes  for  Pavott,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Bull,  John,  resided  at  Charleston,  and  was  a 
delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1784-1787. 

Bull,  John,  resided  at  Cha,riton,  Missouri;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  3,672  votes  against  3,660 
votes  for  Strother,  Democrat,  3,440  votes  for  Shan 
non,  and  2,100  votes  for  Birch,  and  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835. 

Bullard,  Henry  Adams,  was  born  at  Groton, 
Massachusetts,  September  9, 1781 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1807; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  He  ac 
companied  General  Toledo  as  military  secretary  on  a 
revolutionary  expedition  into  New  Mexico,  which 
was  repulsed  by  the  Spanish  troops  at  San  Antonio. 
After  many  hardships  he  reached  Natchitoches, 
where  he  commenced  practice;  in  1822  was  elected 
district  judge  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
defeating  A.  Moreton,  Democrat,  by  206  votes,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  until  he  resigned  in 
1834  on  receiving  an  appointment  as  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Louisiana;  remained  on  the  su 
preme  bench  until  1846,  with  the  exception  of  a  few 
months  in  1839,  when  he  acted  as  secretary  of  state; 
was  appointed  professor  of  civil  law  in  the  Louisiana 
Law  School  in  1847,  and  delivered  two  courses  of  lec 
tures  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  Louisiana  in  1850 ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  Charles  M.  Conrad),  and 
served  from  December  5, 1850,  until  his  death  (caused 
by  the  fatigues  of  his  journey  from  Washington)  at 
New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  April  17,  1851. 

Bullock,  Archibald  (father  of  William  B.  Bul 
lock),  was  born  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina;  re 
moved  to  Savannah;  was  prominent  in  the  difficul 
ties  with  the  British  Government  which  preceded 
the  Revolution ;  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1775;  was  president  of  the 
Executive  Council  of  Georgia  from  June  20,  1776,  to 
February  5,  1777,  when  the  State  government  was  in 
augurated;  and  died  at  Savannah,  Georgia,  in  1777. 

Bullock,  Stephen,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
in  1736;  was  a  member  of  the  first  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention ;  served  several  years  in  the  State 
legislature ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  May  15, 
1797,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  for  Bristol  County ;  was  a  State  sena 
tor  and  an  executive  councillor ;  and  died  at  Massa 
chusetts  1816. 

Bullock,  William  B.  (son  of  Archibald  Bul 
lock),  was  born,  in  Georgia  in  1776;  received  a  classi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Savannah  in  1797; 
was  mayor  of  Savannah  in  1809,  and  subsequently 
collector  of  customs  at  that  port;  served  in  the  Sa 
vannah  heavy  artillery  during  the  war  of  1812;  was 


appointed  by  the  governor  United-States  senator  from 
Georgia  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  H.  Crawford),  and  served  from  May  24, 
1813,  until  December  0,  1813,  when  W.  Wyatt  Bibb, 
who  had  been  elected  as  Mr.  Crawford's  successor, 
took  his  seat ;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  State 
Bank  of  Georgia,  and  its  president  1816-1843;  died  at 
Savannah,  Georgia,  March  6,  1852. 

Bullock,  Wlngfield,  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Kentucky  1812-1814;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fifth  Congress,  but 
died,  before  taking  his  seat,  at  Shelbyville,  Kentucky, 
October  13,  1821. 

Bunch,  Samuel,  was  born  in  1786 ;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  served  in  the  Creek  war  as 
captain  of  a  company  of  mounted  riflemen  under 
General  Jackson,  and  was  distinguished  in  the  attack 
on  Hillibeetown  November  18,  1813;  was  elected  a 
representative  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a 
Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress,  defeating  Adams,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  2, 18)33,  to  March  3, 1837 ;  died  at  Rutledgc, 
Tennessee,  September  5,  1849. 

Bundy,  Hezekiah  S.,  was  born  at  Marietta, 
Ohio,  August  15,  1817.  His  parents  removed  two 
years  afterward  to  a  farm  in  Athens  County,  Ohio, 
where  he  was  left  an  orphan  at  the  age  of  fifteen, 
having  only  received  the  rudiments  of  an  English 
education;  entering  into  business  as  a  clerk  in  a 
store,  he  commenced  the  purchase  of  land,  and  be 
came  a  prosperous  farmer;  studying  law  at  home, 
he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850;  he  aided  in 
establishing  the  Latrobe  Furnace  in  Jackson  County, 
which  he  now  owns  and  operates;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1848  and  1850, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1855 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  6,702  votes  against  8,605  votes  for  Hutchins, 
Democrat;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,581  votes 
against  7,793  votes  for  Hutchins,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  13,267  votes  against  10,360  votes  for  S.  A.  Nash, 
Liberal,  and  serving  from  December,  1873,  to  March 
3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate 
for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,496  votes 
against  12,437  votes  for  J.  L.  Vance,  Democrat. 

Bundy,  Solomon,  was  born  at  Oxford,  Che- 
nango  County,  New  York,  May  22,  1823 ;  was  edu 
cated  at  Oxford  Academy;  taught  school  for  several 
years;  studied  law  with  James  W.  Glover;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1859,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Oxford;  was  district-attorney  of  Chenango  County 
1862-1865;  and  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,825  votes  against 
17,056  votes  for  Tompkins  II.  Matteson,  Democrat. 
•  Bunner,  Rudolph,  was  born  in  1779;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Columbia  Col 
lege;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Oswego,  New  York  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  as  an  Adams  Democrat,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829; 
died  at  Oswego,  New  York,  July  23,  1837. 

Burch,  John  Chilton,  was  born  in  Boone 
County,  Missouri,  February  1,  1826;  received  a  lib 
eral  education  at  Bonne  Femme  Academy  and 
Kemper  College ;  was  practically  engaged  as  a  mason 
on  the  construction  of  several  public  buildings  to 
defray  the  expenses  of  his  education;  studied  law 
with  General  E.  L.  Edwards  at  Jefferson  City;  was 
in  1855-1856  deputy  county  clerk  of  Cole  County,  and 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  Missouri;  was  in  1857 
assistant  enrolling  clerk  of  the  State  Senate  of  Mis 
souri,  and  military  secretary  to  Governor  John  C. 
Edwards,  in  which  capacity  he  assisted  in  organizing 
Doniphan's  regiment,  which  conquered  New  Mexico, 
and  Powell's  Oregon  battalion;  removed  to  Califor 
nia  in  1850,  and  worked  in  the  mines  until  1851,  when 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


309 


the  region  in  which  he  was  at  work  was  organized  as 
Trinity  County,  and  he  was  elected  county  cleric;  was 
elected  district-attorney  in  185:3;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1856,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  1857-1859;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  from  California,  as  a 
Lecompton  Democrat,  receiving  37,865  votes  against 
41,4;)S  votes  for  E.  D.  Baker,  Republican,  and  "2,969 
votes  for  S.  A.  Booker,  anti  Lecompton  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  5, 1859,  to  March  3,  1861; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  San  Francisco;  was 
appointed  a  code  commissioner  by  Governor  Haight, 
and  served  four  years ;  declined  being  a  candidate  for 
supreme  judge  of  the  State. 

Burch,  James  H.,  claimed  to  have  been  elected 
a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  contested  the  seat  oc 
cupied  by  Eobert  T.  Van  Horn,  Unionist,  on  the 
ground  that  a  sufficient  number  of  votes  to  have 
elected  him  had  been  rejected  at  the  polls,  under  a 
State  law  of  registration  which  was  unconstitutional ; 
hut  the  House,  without  a  dissenting  vote,  declared 
Mr.  Van  Horn  entitled  to  his  seat. 

Bur  chard,  Horatio  C.,  was  born  at  Marshall, 
Oneida  County,  New  York,  September  22,  1825;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education,  graduating  at  Hamilton 
College,  New  York,  1850;  studied  and  practised  law; 
was  engaged  in  mercantile  business;  was  school 
commissioner  of  Stephenson  County,  Illinois,  from 
1857  to  1860;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
the  State  of  Illinois  from  1803  to  1866;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-first  Con, 
gress,  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  resignation  of  Elihu  B.  Washburne),  receiv 
ing  6,217  votes  against  1,845  votes  for  Eustace,  In 
dependent  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  11,718  votes  against  0,2i9 
votes  for  C.  Betts,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  14,036  votes  against 
7,538  for  J.  Dinsmoor,  Liberal  and  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
9,232  votes  against  7,008  votes  for  Daniel  J.  Pinck- 
ney,  Liberal  and  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,973  votes 
against  10,600  votes  for  John  Pattison,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1869. 

Burchard,  Samuel  B.,  was  born  at  Leyden, 
New  York,  July  17,  1836,  and  removed  with  his  father 
to  Wisconsin  in  1845 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
which  was  finished  at  Madison  University,  Hamilton, 
New  York,  but  ill  health  prevented  him  from  gradu 
ating;  was  a  manufacturer  of  woollen  goods;  entered 
the  Union  army  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Missouri 
militia;  was  appointed  assistant  quartermaster  of 
United-States  volunteers,  with  the  rank  of  captain ; 
was  stationed  at  New  York,  where  he  had  charge  of 
the  purchase  of  forage  for  the  forces  on  the  Atlantic 
coast,  and  was  mustered  out  with  the  rank  of  major; 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1872; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
15,784  votes  against  9,889  votes  for  Barber,  Republi 
can,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Burd,  George,  was  born  in  1796 ;  resided  at  Bed 
ford,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835; 
died  at  Bedford,  Pennsylvania,  January  13,  1844. 

Burdett,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  Leicester 
shire,  England,  February  21,  1836;  emigrated  to  the 
United  States  at  the  age  of  twelve;  received  an 
academic  education  at  Oberlin,  Ohio;  studied  the 
law,  and  commenced  its  practice  in  De  Witt,  Iowa, 
in  1858;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private  in 
May,  1861,  and  served  until  August,  1864;  was  presi 
dential  elector  for  the  second  district  of  Iowa  in  the 
campaign  of  that  year;  removed  to  Missouri  in 
December,  1864;  was  appointed  circuit-attorney  in 
1866 ;  was  chosen  a  delegate  from  Missouri  to  the 


Chicago  Presidential  Convention  of  1868;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  as  a  Radical  Republican,  receiving  11,387 
votes  against  7,941  for  Phillips,  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
10,772  votes  against  9,066  votes  for  G.  R.  Smith,  In 
dependent,  and  2,090  votes  for  D.  Dale,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1869.  to  March  3,  1873. 

Bufdick,  Theodore  Weld,  was  born  at  Evans- 
burg,  Crawford  County,  Pennsylvania,  October  7, 
1836 ;  received  a  common-school  and  academic  edu 
cation  ;  removed  in  1853  with  his  parents  to  Decorah, 
Iowa;  was  appointed  in  1854  deputy-treasurer  and 
recorder  of  Winneshiek  County,  and  occupied  those 
positions  until  1857,  when,  having  attained  his  ma 
jority,  he  was  elected  treasurer  and  recorder,  and 
was  twice  re-elected,  serving  until  1862,  when  he  re 
signed,  to  recruit  a  company  for  the  Union  army; 
was  elected  and  commissioned  captain,  and  assigned 
to  the  Sixth  Regiment  of  Iowa  Volunteer  Cavalry, 
in  which  he  served  for  three  years,  in  the  Department 
of  the  North- West;  after  the  regiment  was  mustered 
out  in  1865  he  returned  to  Decorah,  and  was  chosen 
cashier  of  the  First  National  Bank  there ;  was  elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,423  votes  against  16,100  votes  for  Jeffrey  M.  Grif 
fith,  Democrat. 

Burges,  Tristam,  was  born  at  Rochester,  Mas 
sachusetts,  February  26,  1770;  was  raised  on  his 
father's  farm,  with  scanty  opportunities  for  educa 
tion,  and  limited  means,  but  by  his  own  industry 
entered  Brown  University,  graduating  in  1796; 
studied  law  with  Judge  Barnes ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1799,  and  commenced  practice  at  Providence ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Rhode 
Island  in  1811;  was  chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island  in 
1815;  was  professor  of  oratory  and  belles-lettres  in 
Brown  University  1815-1825 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Federalist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twen 
ty-third  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1825, 
until  March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  by  Dutee  J. 
Pearce,  Democrat,  who  received  41  majority;  was 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1836 ; 
resumed  his  practice;  and  died  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  October  13,  1853. 

Burgess,  Dempsey,  was  born  in  Camden  (then 
Pasquotank)  County,  North  Carolina;  took  an  active 
part  in  Revolutionary  movements;  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  Gregory's  Continental  regiment;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  in  the  Fourth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1795,  to  July  16,  1798. 

Burke,  ^Edanus,  was  born  at  Galway,  Ireland, 
June  16,  1743;  received  a  classical  and  theological 
education  at  the  college  at  St.  Omer,  in  France; 
visited  the  West  Indies,  and  came  to  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  to  enlist  in  the  Revolutionary  army; 
relinquishing  the  church,  lie  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  in  1778;  served  again  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  1780-1782,  and  then  resumed  his  seat  on  the 
bench;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  First  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  March  4, 1789,  until  he  resigned  in  1791,  the 
legislature  of  South  Carolina  having  passed  a  law 
prohibiting  any  State  judge  from  leaving  the  State; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  for  several 
years ;  and  became  State  chancellor  a  short  time  be 
fore  his  death,  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  March 
30,  1802.  He  published  a  pamphlet  denouncing  the 
order  of  the  Cincinnati,  which  was  translated  by 
Mirabeau,  and  used  by  him  in  the  French  Assembly. 

Burke,  Edmund,  was  born  at  Westminster, 
Vermont,  January  23,  1809;  received  a  private  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Newport,  New  Hamp 
shire,  in  1833;  established  "The  New-Hampshire 


310 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Argus,"  and  edited  it  for  several  years;  was  com 
missioned  as  adjutant  in  the  militia  in  1837,  and  as 
brigade  inspector  in  1838;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  until  March  3,  1845 ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Polk  commissioner  of 
patents,  and  served  from  May  5,  184(5,  until  Septem 
ber  3,  1850;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Newport, 
New  Hampshire,  having  also  an  office  at  Boston. 

Burke,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Galway,  Ireland, 
about  1747;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
medicine,  and  in  1764  immigrated  to  Accornac 
County,  Virginia,  where  he  commenced  practice; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  removed  to 
Norfolk,  where  he  commenced  practice ;  removed  to 
Hillsborough,  North  Carolina,  in  1774;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Conventions  at  New  Berne  and  Hillsbor 
ough  in  1775,  and  at  Halifax  in  1776;  was  a  delegate 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
December,  1776,  until  he  was  elected  by  acclamation, 
in  July,  1781,  the  first  governor  of  North  Carolina 
under  its  State  constitution ;  was  kidnapped  Septem 
ber  13, 1781,  by  the  Tories,  and  carried  to  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  where  he  was  detained  as  a  hostage; 
but,  being  permitted  to  go  at  large  on  parole,  he 
escaped,  and,  having  been  exchanged,  resumed  his 
duties  as  governor  in  April,  1772;  when  a  candidate 
for  re-election  the  following  December,  he  was  de 
nounced  as  having  violated  his  parole,  and  was  defeat 
ed  by  Alexander  Martin ;  died  at  Hillsborough,  North 
Carolina,  December  2,  1783. 

Burleigh,  John  H.  (son  of  William  Burleigh), 
was  born  at  South  Berwick,  Maine,  October  9,  1822; 
received  an  academic  education;  went  to  sea  at  the 
age  of  sixteen ;  commanded  a  ship  on  foreign  voyages 
seven  years;  left  the  sea  in  1853,  and  engaged  in 
manufacturing;  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1862,  1864,  1866,  and 
1872 ;  was  president  of  a  state  and  national  bank,  also 
of  a  savings-bank,  for  twelve  years ;  was  delegate  at 
large  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at  Bal 
timore  in  1864;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  15,485  votes  against  13,216  votes  for  W.  H. 
Clifford,  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,275  votes  against  10,- 
805  votes  for  Bion  Bradbury,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  killed,  on 
the  night  of  December  5,  1877,  by  being  thrown  in  his 
carriage  from  a  high  bridge  over  the  Salmon-Falls 
River,  at  South  Berwick,  Maine. 

Burleigh,  Walter  A.,  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Dacotah  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  as  an 
Independent  candidate,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  593  votes  against  254 
votes  for  Brookings,  Republican;  was  defeated  as 
the  Independent  candidate  for  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  658  votes  against  1,379  votes  for 
Spink,  Republican,  644  votes  for  Todd,  Democrat, 
(503  votes  for  Yoohy,  Independent,  and  581  votes  for 
Kidder,  people's  candidate,  serving  from  December 
4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869;  and  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  1,102  votes  against  1,221  votes  for  Arm 
strong,  Democrat,  and  1,023  votes  for  Spink,  Inde 
pendent  Republican. 

Burleigh,  William  (father  of  John  C.  Burleigh), 
was  born  at  Rockingham,  New  Hampshire;  received 
a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  South  Berwick, 
Maine;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  on  the  fourth  trial,  as  John 
Quincy  Adams  Democrat,  receiving  92  majority  over 
M'Intyre,  William  H.  Crawford  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827;  died  at  South 
Berwick,  Maine,  in  July,  1827. 

Burlingame,  Ansbn,  was  born  at  New  Berlin, 


New  York,  November  14,  1822;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  Seneca  County,  Ohio,  in  1823,  and  after 
wards  to  Michigan;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1846;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Boston;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1852; 
was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1853;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
as  an  American,  receiving  5,967  votes  against  3,109 
votes  for  Appleton,  Whig,  604  votes  for  Parmenter, 
Democrat,  and  16  votes,  scattering;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  an  American,  receiving 
6,582  votes  against  6,513  votes  for  Appleton,  Whig 
and  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  as  an  American  and  Republican,  receiving 
6,214  votes  against  5,823  votes  for  Heard,  Democrat, 
and  39  votes  scattering,  and  serving  from  December 
3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  7, 756  votes  against  8,014  votes  for  Appleton, 
Conservative;  was  appointed  minister  to  Austria 
March  22,  1861,  but  the  Austrian  Government  refused 
to  receive  him;  was  minister  to  China  June  14,  1861- 
November  21, 1867;  was  appointed  December  1,  1867, 
by  the  Chinese  Government,  its  ambassador,  to  ne 
gotiate  treaties  with  foreign  powers ;  and  died  at  St. 
Petersburg,  Russia,  February  23,  1873. 

Burnell,  Barker,  was  born  at  Nantucket,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  1798;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1819,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1824-1825;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
Constitutional  Convention;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Whig  Convention  at  Harrisburg  in  1840; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Wash 
ington  City  June  4,  1843. 

Burnell,  Frank  C.,  was  born  in  Wyoming 
County,  Pennsylvania,  March  19,  1842;  received  an 
academic  education;  left  Congress  to  enlist  as  a 
private  in  the  Fifty-second  Pennsylvania  Volunteers; 
was  promoted,  and,  after  serving  through  the  Penin 
sular  campaign,  was  discharged"  April  2,  1863,  on  a 
surgeon's  certificate  of  disability;  was  employed  in 
mercantile  pursuits  from  1864  to  1869,  when  he 
engaged  in  banking;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  (to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Ulysses 
S.  Mercur,  resigned),  as  a  Republican,  receiving  999 
majority  over  V.  E.  Piolett,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  January  7,  1873,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Burnet,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Newark,  New  Jer 
sey,  February  22,  1770;  received  a  classical  educa*jn, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1791 ;  studied 
law  under  Judge  Boudinot;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1796,  and  commenced  practice  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  territorial  councils  of 
Ohio  in  1799-1802;  was  deputy  grand  master  of 
Free  Masons  1808-1813 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1812 ;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Ohio  1821-1828;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Ohio  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  W.  H.  Harrison,  receiving  56 
votes  against  50  votes  for  John  W.  Campbell,  and 
served  from  December  1,  1828,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  commission  appointed  in  1831  by 
the  States  of  Virginia  and  Kentucky  to  settle  their 
controversy  on  the  statute  of  limitation  passed  by 
Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the  prominent  literary 
and  astronomical  associations  of  Southern  Ohio,  and 
of  the  French  Academy;  and  died  at  Cincinnati 
April  27,  1853.  He  published  "  Notes  on  the  Early 
Settlement  of  the  North-western  Territory,"  1847. 

Burnett,  David  G.,  was  born  at  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  April  4,  1789;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  was  a  merchant's  clerk  in  New  York;  joined 
Gen.  Miranda's  expedition  in  1817;  was  a  merchant's 
clerk  at  Natchitoches,  Louisiana;  went  to  Cincinnati, 
and  studied  law  there;  removed  to  Texas  in  18^6; 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


311 


was  a  member  of  the  San  Felipe  Convention  in  1833; 
was  municipal  judge  at  Austin  1834-1830;  was  the 
provisional  president  of  the  incipient  republic  of 
Texas  in  1836,  and  afterwards  vice-president;  re 
mained  on  his  plantation,  near  the  battle-held  of  San 
Jacinto,  during  the  Rebellion;  was  one  of  the  com 
missioners  sent  by  Texas  to  intercede  with  President 
Johnson  for  the  release  of  Jefferson  Davis;  was 
chosen  United-States  senator  from  Texas  Septem 
ber  1,  1800,  but  was  not  permitted  to  take  his  seat; 
and  died  at  Galveston,  Texas,  December  5,  1870. 

Burnett,  Henry  C.,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
Virginia,  October  5,  1825;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Cadiz,  Kentucky;  was  clerk 
of  the  Trigg-county  Circuit  Court  1851-1853;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,223 
votes  against  5,708  votes  for  Hughes,  American ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
8,989  votes  against  2,945  votes  for  Grimes,  American; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
11,540  votes  against  2,248  votes  for  Morrow,  Ameri 
can  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
as  Secessionist,  receiving  8,988  votes  against  6,255 
votes  for  Trimble,  Union  man,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1855,  until  December  3,  1801,  when  he  was 
expelled.  He  had  been  president  of  a  Kentucky 
Southern  Conference  which  met  at  Eussellville 
October  29,  1801,  and  called  a  Sovereignty  Conven 
tion,  of  which  he  was  also  president,  which  met  at 
Russellville  November  18,  passing  an  ordinance  of 
secession,  and  organizing  a  State  government;  was  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  Provisional  Con 
federate  Congress,  serving  from  November  18,  1861, 
to  February  17,  1802;  was  a  senator  from  Kentucky 
in  the  First  and  the  Second  rebel  Congresses,  serving 
from  February  19,  1802,  to  February  18,  1805;  and 
died  of  cholera,  near  Hopkinton,  Kentucky,  1806. 

Burnett,  William,  was  born  at  Newark,  New 
Jersey;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1749;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Continental  Congress,  serving  from 
December  11,  1780,  to  April  1,  1781;  and  died  at 
Newark,  New  Jersey,  in  1791. 

Burnham,  Alfred  A.,  was  born  at  Windham, 
Windham  County,  Connecticut,  March  8,  1819;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  spending  one  year  at 
Washington  College;  taught  school;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Windham;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1844,  1845,  1850,  and 
1858,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  clerk  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1847;  was  lieutenant-governor 
of  Connecticut  in  1857;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  7,323  votes  against  0,771  votes 
for  Baker,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  8,701  votes  against  6,496 
votes  for  Baker,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Burns,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Waynesborough, 
Virginia,  March  11,  1800;  removed  to  Ohio  when  a 
boy;  received  a  public-school  education;  learned  the 
hatter's  trade,  but  subsequently  became  a  farmer; 
held  several  offices  in  Coshocton  County ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,194  votes  against 
9, 143  votes  for  Sapp,  Whig,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  was  defeated  as  a 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  8,719  votes  against  8,949  votes  for  Helmich, 
Republican. 

Burns,  Robert,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
and  Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  23,059  votes  against  6,404  votes  for 
James  Wilson,  jun.,  Whig,  and  l,842votes  for  Hatch, 
anti-Mason;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 


fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837;  died  at  Plymouth,  New  Hampshire, 
June  20,  1806. 

Burnside,  Ambrose  Everett,  was  born  at 
Liberty,  Indiana,  May  23,  1824;  entered  West  Point 
in  his  nineteenth  year,  and  graduated  in  1847 ;  served 
in  the  Mexican  and  Indian  wars,  and  resigned  in 
1852  to  manufacture  a  breech-loading  rifle  of  his 
own  invention;  removed  to  Illinois,  when  appointed 
treasurer  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  in  1858; 
entered  the  Union  army  in  April,  1801,  as  colonel  of 
the  First  Rhode-Island  Volunteer  Infantry;  com 
manded  a  brigade  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run; 
was  promoted  brigadier  and  major  general;  com 
manded  successively  the  expedition  to  North  Caro 
lina  in  1802,  the  left  wing  of  the  Union  army  at 
Antietam,  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  the  Ninth 
Army  Corps,  resigning  in  April,  1805;  was  elected 
governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1800,  1807,  and  1808; 
visited  Europe  in  1870,  and  was  admitted  within  the 
German  and  French  lines  in  and  around  Paris,  acting 
as  a  medium  of  communication  between  the  hostile 
nations  in  the  interests  of  conciliation ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island,  as  a  Re 
publican,  to  succeed  William  Sprague,  Independent, 
and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1875.  His  term  of  service 
will  expire  March  3,  1881. 

Burnside,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
in  1783;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1804;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  11,  1815,  to  April,  1816,  when  he  resigned; 
was  president-judge  of  a  judicial  district,  and  subse 
quently  an  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Pennsylvania;  died  at  Germantowii,  Pennsylvania, 
March  25,  1851. 

Burr,  Aaron,  was  born  at  Newark,  New  Jersey, 
February  5,  1750;  received  a  classical  education, 
entering  Princeton  College  when  twelve  years  of 
age,  and  graduating  in  1772;  studied  theology  with 
a  clergyman  in  Connecticut;  entered  the  Continen 
tal  army  in  1775;  distinguished  himself  at  Quebec, 
Monmouth,  and  New  Haven,  and  resigned,  owing  to 
ill  health,  March  10,  1779;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to -the  bar  in  1782;  commenced  practice  at  Albany, 
and  in  1783  removed  to  New  York;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1784  and 
1798;  was  attorney-general  of  New  York  1789  and 
1790;  was  commissioner  on  Revolutionary  claims 
in  1791 ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  New 
York,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  October  24,  1791, 
until  March  3,  1797.  At  the  presidential  election  of 
1801  Burr  and  Jefferson  had  each  73  votes,  and  the 
House  of  Representatives,  on  the  thirty-sixth  ballot, 
elected  Jefferson  President,  and  Burr  Vice-President. 
In  1804  he  was  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of 
New  York,  and  was  defeated  by  Morgan  Lewis  by 
8,000  majority;  he  mortally  wounded  Alexander 
Hamilton  in  a  duel  fought  at  Weehawken  July  12, 
1804;  after  endeavoring  to  revolutionize  the  Missis 
sippi  Valley,  he  was  arrested,  and  brought  to  Rich 
mond,  where  he  was  tried,  in  August,  1807,  on  a 
charge  of  treason,  and  acquitted;  to  escape  further 
prosecution  and  his  creditors,  he  went  abroad  in 
1808;  returning  to  the  city  of  New  York  in  1812,  he 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  and  died  at  Port  Rich 
mond,  Staten  Island,  September  14,  1830. 

Burr,  Albert  G.,  was  born  in  Illinois  in  1829; 
received  a  good  English  education;  studied  and 
practised  law ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
of  Illinois  in  1861,  1862,  1803,  and  1804;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  as  aDemocrat,  receiving  17,110  votes  against 
14, 743  votes  for  Case,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  21,420  votes 
against  15,279  votes  for  Ross,  Republican,  serving 
from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1871. 


312 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Burrill,  James,  jun.,  was  born  at  Providence, 
Rhode  Island,  April  25,  1772;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1788; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September, 
1791,  and  commenced  practice  at  Providence;  was 
attorney-general  of  Rhode  Island  1797-1813,  when  he 
retired  from  the  bar  on  account  of  ill  health ;  was  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Rhode  Island  in 
1813,  1814,  and  speaker  the  last  year;  was  chief  jus 
tice  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  in  1810 ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island,  and  served 
from  December  1,  1817,  until  his  death  at  Washing 
ton  City,  December  25,  1820. 

Burroughs,  Silas  M.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  received  a  liberal  education;  served  four 
years  in  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,885  votes 
against  4,694  votes  for  Hunt,  Republican,  and  1,731 
votes  for  Church,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  6,093  votes  against 
3,376  votes  for  Trott,  Democrat,  and  2,132  votes  for 
White,  American,  and  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  until  his  death  at  Medina,  New  York,  June  3, 
1860. 

Burrows,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Groton,  Connecti 
cut;  received  a  liberal  education,  and  studied  the 
ology;  was  one  of  the  commissioners  who  established 
the  boundary-line  between  Connecticut  and  Massa 
chusetts  in  1776;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  sur 
veyor  of  the  port  of  Middletown  for  twenty  years; 
died  at  Mystic  River,  Connecticut,  January  23,  1858. 

Burrows,  Julius  C.,  was  born  at  North-east 
Pennsylvania  January  9,  1837;  received  a  liberal 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Kalamazoo,  Michigan;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,717  votes 
against  11,451  votes  for  Potter,  Liberal,  and  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,278  votes  against  13,317 
votes  for  Potter,  Liberal  Democrat. 

Burrows,  Lorenzo,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Albion,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,753  votes  against  5,332  votes  for  Piper, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,372  votes  against  3,846  votes  for 
Davis,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  and  2,214  votes  for 
Burroughs,  Cass  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  was  elected  comptroller  of 
the  State  of  New  York  in  1855. 

Burt,  Armistead,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wil- 
lington,  South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
as  a  Calhoun  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected,  without 
opposition,  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  Thirty- 
first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  was  speaker  pro 
tempore  of  the  House  of  Representatives  during  the 
absence  of  Mr.  Speaker  Winthrop;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  New  York  in 
1868. 

Burton,  Hutchins  C.,  was  born  in  Granville 
County,  North  Carolina;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mecklenburg 
County ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of 
North  Carolina  in  1810 ;  was  elected  attorney-general 
in  1810,  and  resigned  in  November,  1816;  removed  to 
Halifax;  was  again  elected  to  the  House  of  Commons 
in  1816;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  as  an  anti-Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
without  opposition,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eigh 


teenth  Congress  by  a  large  majority  over  Dawson, 
serving  from  December  6,  1819,  until  he  resigned, 
March  23,  1824;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  in 
1824-1827;  was  nominated  by  President  John  Quincy 
Adams  governor  of  Arkansas,  but  not  confirmed  by 
the  Senate ;  died  in  Iredell  County,  North  Carolina, 
April  21,  1836. 

Burton,  Robert,  was  born  in  Mecklenburg 
County,  Virginia,  in  1847;  was  a  planter;  removed 
to  Granville  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1775,  and 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army,  attaining  the 
rank  of  colonel;  was  a  delegate  from  North  Carolina 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1787-1788;  was  a 
member  of  the  commission  which  established  the 
boundary-line  between  North  Carolina,  South  Caro 
lina,  and  Georgia,  in  1801;  and  died  in  Granville 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1825. 

Burwell,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Mecklen 
burg  County,  Virginia,  about  the  year  1780;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  William  and 
Mary  College;  removed  in  1802  to  Franklin  County; 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Dele 
gates  ;  was  private  secretary  to  President  Jefferson ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Ninth  Congress  (in  the  place  of  Christopher  Clark, 
resigned),  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  successively  re- 
elected  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  1,  1806,  until  his  death  at 
Washington,  February  16,  1821.  He  is  interred  in 
the  city  of  Baltimore ;  and  his  character  is  taught  in 
his  epitaph,  written  by  Thomas  Jefferson,  —  "Died 
at  his  post  in  Congress:  his  body  here,  his  spirit  with 
its  kindred,  — the  just,  the  good,  the  beloved  of  men." 

Busby,  George  H.,  was  born  at  Davistown, 
Pennsylvania,  July  10,  1794;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  with  his  father  to  Ohio  in  1810; 
learned  the  cabinet-maker's  trade ;  worked  on  a  farm ; 
was  appointed  clerk  of  the  Marion-county  courts, 
and  subsequently  recorder  of  deeds  for  the  same 
county;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,615  votes  against  5,037  votes  for  Ford,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Butler,  Andrew  Pickens,  was  born  in  Edge- 
field  District,  South  Carolina,  November  19,  1796; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  col 
lege  of  South  Carolina  in  1817;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Edgefield  Court  House;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  Sessions  Court  in  1833;  was 
judge  of  the  State  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1835- 
1846 ;  was  appointed  by  the  governor  of  South  Caro 
lina  United-States  senator  from  that  State  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Mr.  McDuffice),  as  a 
State-rights  Democrat,  and  was  subsequently  elected 
and  re-elected  by  the  legislature,  serving  from  De 
cember  21,  1846,  to  his  death  at  his  residence  near 
Edgefield  Court  House,  South  Carolina,  May  25,  1857. 

Butler,  Benjamin  Franklin,  was  born  at 
Deerfield,  New  Hampshire,  November  5,  1818;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Waterville 
College  in  1838;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lowell,  Massachu 
setts;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1853;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  Massachusetts  1853 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1859;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Conventions  at  Charleston  and  Baltimore 
in  1860;  had  been  for  some  years  an  active  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  militia,  when  he  entered  the 
Union  army  in  April,  1861,  as  brigadier-general;  was 
appointed  major-general  May  16,  1861,  and  served 
throughout  the  war;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  ^Massachusetts  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  9,021  votes  against  2,838  votes 
for  Northend,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  13,109  votes  against  5,001 
votes  for  Lord,  Democrat,  1,811  votes  for  Dana,  In 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


313 


dependent,  and  33  scattering  votes ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,333  votes 
against  4,297  votes  for  Endicott,  Democrat,  and  1,07(5 
votes  for  Orne,  Independent;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  •  receiving  11,881  votes 
against  5,737  votes  for  Thompson,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  was  defeated 
as  a  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,731  votes  against  8,703  votes  for 
Charles  P.  Thompson,  Democrat ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,100  votes 
against  9,371)  votes  for  John  K.  Tarbox,  Democrat. 

Butler,  Chester,  was  born  at  Wilkcsbarre, 
Pennsylvania,  March  6,  1798;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1817 ; 
studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School;  \vas  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1820,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Wilkcsbarre ;  was  for  three  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,032  votes  against 
4,399  votes  for  Wright,  Democrat,  and  1,938  for 
Collins,  Independent  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  until  his  death  at  Philadelphia, 
October  5,  1850. 

Butler,  Ezra,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in  1762 ; 
received  a  good  English  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  and  commenced  practice  at 
Waterbury,  Vermont,  hi  1786;  was  eleven  years  a 
member  of  the  State  Assembly,  and  fifteen  years  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council;  was  first  judge  of 
the  Chittenden-county  Court  1803-1806,  and  chief 
justice  1800-1811;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Vermont  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1815;  was 
chief  justice  of  the  Jefferson-county  Court  1814- 
1826 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Vermont  Constitutional 
Convention  1822;  was  governor  of  Vermont  1826- 
1828;  and  died  at  Waterbury,  Vermont,  July  19, 
1838. 

Butler,  Josiah,  was  born  in  Rockingham  Coun 
ty,  New  Hampshire,  in  1780;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1803; 
studied  law  while  teaching  in  Virginia;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  South  Deer- 
field,  New  Hampshire;  was  several  times  elected  a 
representative  in  the  State  legislature;  was  sheriff  of 
Rockingham  County;  was  appointed  judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  New  Hampshire  in  1813,  and  occu 
pied  the  position  until  the  office  was  abolished  by 
the  legislature  in  1816;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  15,76-1  votes  against  18,478  votes  for  Wilcox,  peace 
candidate;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  the 
Seventeenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1823;  and  died  at  Deerfield,  New 
Hampshire,  November  8,  1854. 

Butler,  M.  Calvin,  was  born  at  Edgefield  Court 
House,  South  Carolina;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Edgefield  Court  House;  entered  the 
Confederate  service  as  colonel  of  the  Second  South- 
Carolina  Cavalry  August  22,  1862;  was  promoted 
brigadier-general  September  1,  1863,  and  placed  in 
command  of  a  brigade  of  South-Carolina  cavalry; 
was  promoted  major-general,  and  placed  in  command 
of  Wright's  and  Logan's  cavalry  brigades,  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia;  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a 
senator  from  South  Carolina,  as  a  Democrat,  for  the 
term  commencing  March  4,  1877. 

Butler,  Pierce,  was  born  in  Ireland  July  11, 
1744;  received  a  liberal  education;  served  in  the 
British  army  as  lieutenant,  captain,  and  major,  and 
was  stationed  in  Boston,  but  resigned  previous  to 
the  Revolution,  and  settled  in  Charleston,  South 
Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress 
from  South  Carolina  in  1787;  was  a  member  of  the 


Convention  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution 
in  1788;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
South  Carolina,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  March 
4,  1789,  to  1796,  when  he  resigned;  was  again  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate"(in  place  of  J.  C.  Cal- 
houn,  deceased),  serving  from  October  18,  1803,  until 
1804,  when  he  again  resigned.  He  died  at  Philadel 
phia  February  15,  1822. 

Butler,  Roderick  R.,  was  born  at  Wythcville, 
Virginia,  April  8,  1827 ;  went  at  an  early  age  to  Ten 
nessee;  learned  the  tailor's  trade;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Tay- 
lorsville,  Tennessee;  was  elected  county  judge  in 
1856;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1859  and  1861 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Balti 
more  Republican  Convention  of  1864,  and  to  the 
Tennessee  Constitutional  Convention  of  1865;  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1865;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  as  a  Republican,  almost  without 
opposition,  receiving  10,107  votes  against  78  votes  for 
Powell,  Independent,  and  75  votes  for  Kyle,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  11,972  votes  against  1,717  votes  for  White, 
Conservative;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  6,584  votes  against  5,979  votes 
for  White,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  10,289  votes  against  7,849 
votes  for  Carter,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  June 
26,  1868,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  6,984  votes  against  8,797  votes  for  McFar- 
land,  Democrat. 

Butler,  Samson  H.,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  received  a  classical  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1819, 
until  he  resigned,  on  account  of  ill  health,  Septem 
ber  27,  1842. 

Butler,  Thomas,  was  bom  at  Carlisle,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  classical  education;  removed  to 
Louisiana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisi 
ana  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  William  C.  C.  Claiborne, 
deceased),  defeating  Edward  Livingstone,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
February  26,  1818,  to  March  3,  1821;  died  at  New 
Orleans  August  14,  1847. 

Butler,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  at  Wethersfield, 
Connecticut,  in  1807;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Norwalk,  Connecticut;  served  in  the 
State  legislature;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  8,172  votes  against  7,028  votes  for  Wildman, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  died  at  Norwalk,  Connecticut,  June 
8,  1873. 

Butler,  William  (father  of  Andrew  Pickens 
Butler  and  of  William  Butler),  was  born  in  Prince 
William  County,  Virginia,  in  1759;  received  a  clas 
sical  education;  removed  to  South  Carolina,  and 
graduated  at  the  South-Carolina  College  as  a  student 
of  medicine;  served  with  distinction  in  the  war  of 
the  Revolution;  was  a  member  of  (he  State  Conven 
tion  which  adopted  the  Federal  Constitution,  and  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  several  years,  and  in  1794 
sheriff;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Car 
olina  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  and  was  successively 
re-elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and 
Twelfth  Congresses,  without  any  serious  opposition, 
serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1813; 
was  major-general  commanding  the  troops  raised  for 
the  defence  of  South  Carolina  during  the  war  with 
Great  Britain;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  by  Eldrcd  Simkins;  died  at  Co 
lumbia,  South  "Carolina,  November  15,  1821. 

Butler,  "William  (son  of  William  Butler,  and 


314 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


brother  of  Andrew  Pickens  Butler),  was  born  at  Co 
lumbia,  South  Carolina;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  South-Carolina  College  in 
1810 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Butler,  William  Orlando,  was  born  in  Jessa 
mine  County,  Kentucky,  in  1793;  received  a  liberal 
education,  and  studied  law;  entered  the  United- 
States  army  as  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Infantry, 
September  28,  1812,  and  served  throughout  the  war 
with  Great  Britain,  attaining  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel;  practised  law  at  Carrollton,  Kentucky,  1817- 
1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Van  Buren  Demo 
crat,  receiving  a  majority  of  237  over  W.  E.  South- 
gate,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  4,079  votes  against  4,391  votes  for 
Southgate,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  2, 1839, 
to  March  3,  1841 ;  served  during  the  war  with  Mexico, 
receiving  the  rank  of  major-general;  was  nominated 
by  the  Democrats,  in  1848,  as  their  candidate  for  the 
Vice-Presidency,  with  General  Cass  as  the  candidate 
for  President,  and  was  defeated;  was  appointed  by 
President  Pierce  governor  of  Nebraska,  but  declined 
the  appointment;  was  a  member  of  the  Washington 
Peace  Congress.  His  life  and  writings,  edited  by 
Francis  P.  Blair,  were  published  in  1848. 

Butman,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Maine  when  it 
was  a  district  of  Massachusetts ;  received  an  academic 
education ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  of  Maine  in  1822,  1820,  and  1827;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3, 
1831 ;  was  county  commissioner  of  Penobscot  County 
in  1840;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  and  its 
president  in  1853;  and  died  at  Dixmont,  Maine,  in 
1804. 

Butterfield,  Martin,  resided  at  Palmyra,  New 
York,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  10,855  votes  against  5,389  votes  for  Gris- 
wold,  Democrat,  and  1,031  votes  for  Sisson,  Ameri 
can,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  4, 
1801. 

Byers,  William,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Arkansas  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  was 
not  admitted  to  a  seat. 

Byington,  Le  Grand,  claimed  to  have  been 
elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  having  received 
3,895  votes  at  a  general  election  held  in  1801,  in 
accordance  with  a  constitutional  provision  of  the 
State,  and  contested  the  seat  of  William  Vandever, 
who  had  been  elected  in  1800,  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  30,805  votes  against  27,200  votes  for  Samuels, 
Democrat,  and  who  had  since  accepted  the  commis 
sion  of  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Iowa  volunteers. 
The  House,  February  14,  1803,  voted,  80  yeas  against 
28  nays,  that  Mr.  Vandever,  by  accepting  his  commis 
sion,  had  vacated  his  seat,  but  that  Mr.  Byington  had 
not  been  lawfully  elected. 

Bynum,  Jesse  A.,  was  born  in  Halifax  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1795;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1810;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Halifax;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Com 
mons  of  North  Carolina  in  1823  and  1824;  in  1825  a 
brawl  between  the  contesting  candidates,  Bynum  and 
Potter,  and  their  friends,  prevented  an  election,  and 
in  1820  Bynum  was  defeated  by  Potter;  was  again 
elected  to  the  House  of  Commons  in  1827,  1828,  1829, 
and  1830;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth  (defeating  Long, 
Whig),  and  Twenty-sixth  (by  72  majority)  Congresses, 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  until 
March  3,  1841;  fought  a  duel  with  Representative 
Daniel  Jenifer  of  Maryland,  in  which  several  shots 
were  exchanged  without  harm;  had  a  personal  diffi 


culty  on  the  floor  of  the  House  with  Representative 
Rice  Garland  of  Louisiana;  removed  to  Alexandria 
Parish,  Louisiana,  where  he  devoted  himself  to  agri 
cultural  pursuits,  and  died  September,  1808. 

Cabannis,  E.  G.,  of  Georgia,  claimed  to  have 
been  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress;  and  his  credentials  were  pre 
sented  December  17,  1800,  but  no  action  was  taken 
on  them. 

Cabell,  Edward  Carrington,  was  born  at 
Richmond,  Virginia,  in  1817;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia;  re 
moved  in  1837  to  Florida  (then  a  Territory),  and 
settled  on  a  cotton  plantation  near  Tallahassee;  re 
ceived  the  certificate  of  election  as  a  representative 
from  Florida  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  but  the 
House  gave  the  seat  to  the  contestant,  W.  H.  Brock- 
enborough,  who  took  it  January  28,  1840;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Florida  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  4,382  votes  against  3,805  votes  for 
Duvall,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  4,531  votes  against  4,050 
votes  for  Beard,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  0, 
1847,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
4,587  votes  against  4,027  votes  for  Augustus  E.  Max 
well,  Democrat. 

Cabell,  George  C.,  was  born  at  Danville  Jan 
uary  25,  1837;  was  instructed  by  his  father  until 
twelve  years  of  age,  and,  from  that  time  until  the  age 
of  eighteen,  attended  the  Danville  Academy;  taught 
school  in  Henry  County,  devoting  his  leisure  hours 
to  the  study  of  law ;  attended  the  Law  School  of  the 
University  of  Virginia  in  1857;  commenced  practice 
at  Danville  in  1858;  also  edited  "The  Republican," 
and  then  "The  Democratic  Appeal,"  papers  pub 
lished  at  Danville;  was  elected  in  September,  1858, 
Commonwealth's  attorney  for  Danville,  which  posi 
tion  he  held  until  April  23,  1801,  when  he  volunteered 
as  a  private  in  the  Confederate  army ;  in  June,  1801, 
was  commissioned  major,  and  assigned  to  the  Eigh 
teenth  Virginia  Infantry,  Colonel  Withers,  Pickett's 
division,  Longstreet's  corps;  participated  in  most  of 
the  battles  fought  by  that  portion  of  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia  to  which  he  was  attached ;  was 
twice  wounded,  and  left  the  army  at  the  close  of  the 
war  with  the  rank  of  colonel ;  after  the  war,  returned 
to  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,221  votes  against 
7,723  votes  for  C.  Y.  Thomas,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,221 
votes  against  7,723  votes  for  Thomas,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  0,  1875. 

Cabell,  Samuel  J.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  but  left  William  and 
Mary  College  to  enter  the  Revolutionary  army,  in 
whfrh  he  attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel, 
serving  until  taken  prisoner  by  the  British  at  the 
capture  of  Charleston  in  May,  1780;  returned  to  Vir 
ginia  after  the  war;  was  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Delegates;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fourth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3, 
1803;  died  on  iris  estate  in  Nelson  County,  Virginia, 
September  4,  1818. 

Cable,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  0,987  votes  against  0,330  votes  for 
Mason,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  0,085  votes  against  5,303 
votes  for  Roberts,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Cabot,  George,  was  born  at  Salem,  Massachu 
setts,  December  3,  1752;  received  a  classical  educa- 
I  tion,  and  entered  Harvard  College,  but  left  at  the 
!  end  of  his  sophomore-year,  and  shipped  as  a  cabin- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


315 


boy;  was  in  command  of  a  vessel  before  he  reached 
his  majority,  and  followed  the  seas  for  some  years ; 
engaged  in  commercial  pursuits  at  Boston;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Provincial  Congress  in  1775,  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1777,  and  to 
the  Convention  which  ratified  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Massachusetts  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
October  24,  1791,  until  he  resigned  in  1790;  was  ap 
pointed  by  John  Adams  the  first  secretary  of  the 
navy  May  3,  1798,  but  declined;  was  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Council  of  Massachusetts  1808 ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Hartford  Convention  in  1814,  and 
was  its  presiding  officer;  retired  from  public  affairs, 
and  died  at  Boston  April  8,  1823. 

Cadwalader,  John,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  April  1,  1805;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1821;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1821,  and  commenced  practice  at  Philadelphia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Nebraska  Democrat, 
receiving  7,842  votes  against  7,834  votes  for  Jones, 
anti-Nebraska  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  declined  a  renomination,  and 
resumed  practice  at  Philadelphia;  was  appointed  by 
President  Buchanan  judge  of  the  United-States  Dis 
trict  Court  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania. 

Cadwalader,  Lambert,  was  born  at  Trenton, 
New  Jersey,  in  1741  ;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
army,  and  commanded  a  regiment  of  "  Jersey  Blues ; ' ' 
was  a  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1784- 
1787 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789, 
to  March  3,  1791;  was  again  elected  to  the  Third 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March 
3,  1795 ;  and  died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  September 
12,  1S33. 

Cady,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Chatham,  New  York, 
April  29,  1773;  received  a  public-school  education; 
learned  the  trade  of  shoemaking  ;  studied  law  at 
Florida,  New  York;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1795, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Johnstown,  New  York ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1809-1813;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817; 
resumed  practice;  was  a  justice  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  from  1847  to  January  1,  1855,  when  he  re 
signed  ;  and  died  at  Johnstown,  New  York,  October 
31,  1859. 

Cady,  John  "W.,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1822 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1825. 

Cage,  Harry,  was  born  in  Tennessee;  received 
a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Woodville,  Mis 
sissippi  ;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Mississippi  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-Third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  until  March  3,  1835 ;  retired 
from  practice,  and  settled  on  a  plantation  in  Louisi 
ana,  Avhcre  he  died. 

Gaboon,  William,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
Vermont;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Madison  ticket  in  1809;  was  a  member  of  the 
executive  council  1815-1820 ;  was  county  judge ; 
was  lieutenant-governor  of  Vermont  1820-1821 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Twen 
ty-first  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  2,  1833;  died  at  "Lyndon,  Vermont,  May  30, 
1833. 

Cain,  Richard  H.,  was  born  in  Greenbricr 
County,  Virginia,  April  12,  1825.  His  father  re 
moved  to  Ohio  in  1831,  and  settled  in  Gallipolis.  He 


had  no  education,  except  such  as  was  afforded  in 
sabbath  school,  until  after  his  marriage;  entered  the 
ministry  at  an  early  age ;  became  a  student  at  Wilber- 
force  University  at  Xenia,  Ohio,  in  18GO,  and  re 
mained  there  for  one  year;  removed,  at  the  breaking- 
out  of  the  war,  to  Brooklyn,  New  York,  where  he 
was  a  pastor  for  four  years ;  was  sent  by  his  church 
as  a  missionary  to  the  f reedmen  in  South  Carolina ; 
was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  from  Charleston,  and  served  two  years ; 
took  charge  of  a  Republican  newspaper  in  18G8 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  00,- 
825  votes  against  26,394  votes  for  Lewis  E.  Johnson, 
and  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-Fifth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  21,385  votes  against  10,074 
votes  for  M.  P.  O'Connor,  Democrat. 

Cake,  Henry  L.,  was  born  in  Northumberland 
County,  Pennsylvania,  October  6,  1827;  received  a 
common-school  education;  learned  the  art  of  print 
ing,  and  published  "The  Pottsville  Mining  Record" 
up  to  the  commencement  of  the  Rebellion ;  entered 
the  Union  army  as  a  private  April  17,  1801,  arriving 
at  Washington  April  18,  1801,  with  the  first  volun 
teers,  afterwards  incorporated  with  the  Twenty-fifth 
Pennsylvania  Regiment,  of  which  he  was  unanimous 
ly  elected  colonel  at  Washington,  May  1,  1801;  after 
the  three-months'  service  he  re-organized  his  regi 
ment,  and  commanded  the  Ninety-sixth  Pennsylvania 
Volunteers;  was  largely  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  machinery  for  the  preparation  of  and  in  the  mining 
and  shipping  of  anthracite  coal ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,180  votes  against  12,- 
971  votes  for  Dr.  Cyrus  D.  Gloninger,  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
12,501  votes  against  12,270  votes  for  Connor,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Caldwell,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Hunting 
don  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  1,1830;  attended 
public  schools  until  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age ;  en 
listed  in  1847  as  a  soldier  in  the  Mexican  war,  enter 
ing  his  father's  company,  who  was  killed  at  one  of 
the  gates  of  the  city  of  Mexico ;  returned  in  1848  to 
Columbia,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  employed  as 
teller  in  a  bank,  and  subsequently  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  ;  went  in  1801  to  Kansas,  where  he  engaged  in 
the  transportation  of  military  supplies  to  the  various 
posts  on  the  plains,  and  was  afterward  largely  inter 
ested  in  the  building  of  railroads  and  bridges;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Kansas  as  a  Re- 
l?ublican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Caldwell,  George  A.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,500  votes  against  4,090  votes  for  B.  Y.  Owsley, 
Whig,  and  1,507  for  Stone,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  5,905  votes  against  0,044  votes  for  Joshua 
F.  Bell,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  0,719  votes  against  5,579  votes 
for  Aylett  Buchner,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1800,  and  died, 
at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  September  17,  1800. 

Caldwell,  Greene  Washington,  was  born  in 
Gaston  County,  North  Carolina,  April  13,  1811;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  medicine;  was 
admitted  to  practice;  was  assistant  surgeon  in  the 
United-States  army  July  13,  1832-October  19,  1832; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Charlotte ;  was  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  appointed  superintendent  of  the  United- 
States  mint  at  Charlotte  in  1844;  was  appointed 


316 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


captain  of  dragoons  March  3, 1847 ;  and  was  mustered 
out  July  30,  1848. 

Caldwell,  James,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Caldwell,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Huntsville, 
Alabama;  received  a  classical  education  in  his  native 
town,  and  was  for  two  years  at  Bacon  College,  Har- 
rodsburg,  Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the  legisla 
ture  of  Alabama  in  1857-1858 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1859;  was  elected  solicitor  for  the  Tenth  Judicial 
Circuit  by  the  legislature  at  the  session  of  1859-1860; 
re-elected  at  the  session  of  1803-18(54;  deposed  by  the 
provisional  governor  in  1805;  re-elected  the  same 
winter,  when  things  were  no  longer  "provisional," 
and  removed  from  the  office  in  1807  by  military 
authority  for  refusing  to  obey  military  orders ;  con 
tinued  practice  until  he  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  10,544  votes  against  0,293  votes 
for  G.  D.  Campbell,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
13,011  votes  against  8,909  votes  for  James  L.  Shef 
field,  Independent  Democrat. 

Caldwell,  Joseph  Pearson,  was  born  in  Ire- 
dell  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1808;  was  educated 
at  Bethany  Academy;  studied  law  with  Judge  Cald 
well  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Statesville ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1838,  1840,  and  1842;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,351 
votes  against  1,809  votes  for  Stokes,  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  without  opposition,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  until  his  death,  January  3,  1853. 

Caldwell,  Patrick  C.,  was  bom  in  South  Caro 
lina;  resided  near  Newberry  Court  House;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Caldwell,  Robert  P.,  was  born  in  xidair  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky,  December  16, 1821 ;  had  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Trenton;  was  in  the  lower 
branch  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Tennessee  in 
1847-1848,  and  was  in  the  upper  branch  in  1855-1850; 
was  elected  attorney-general  in  the  Sixteenth  Judicial 
Circuit  of  Tennessee  in  1858;  was  major  in  the 
Twelfth  Tennessee  Infantry  of  the  Confederate  ser 
vice  ;  had  his  disabilities  removed  by  act  of  Congress, 
and  was  e4ected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,227  votes  against  1,848  votes  for  J.  Norman,  Re 
publican. 

Caldwell,  "William  P.,  was  born  at  Christmas- 
ville,  Tennessee,  Novembers,  1832;  was  educated  at 
Cumberland  College,  Kentucky;  studied  law  at  Leb 
anon;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Dresden,  Tennessee;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1857  and  1859; 
was  on  the  Douglas  electoral  ticket  in  1800;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
New  York  in  1808,  which  nominated  Seymour  and 
Blair ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  11,128  votes  against  4,330  votes  for  David  A. 
Nunn,  Republican,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,790  votes  against  6,509 
votes  for  Folk,  Republican,  serving  from  December 
0,  3875. 

Calhoun,  John,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  received 
a  classical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1820-1821  and  in  1829-1830; 
was  elected  a  representative'  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  defeating  Dr. 
Ray,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
tifi.li  Congress,  defeating  Vanmetre,  Democrat,  serv 


ing  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  re 
moved  in  1839  to  St.  Louis,  where  he  practised  law; 
returned  to  Kentucky,  and  was  appointed  judge  of 
the  Fourteenth  Judicial  District  in  January,  1842. 

Calhoun,  John  Caldwell,  was  born  in  Abbe 
ville  District,  South  Carolina,  March  18,  1782;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education  from  his  brother-in-law, 
Rev.  Moses  Waddell,  at  the  Wilmington  Academy, 
which  he  perfected  at  Yale  College,  graduating  in 
1804;  studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  (Connecticut) 
Law  School,  and  with  H.  W.  De  Saussurc  at  Charles 
ton,  and  George  Bowie  at  Abbeville;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1807,  and  commenced  practice  at  Abbeville ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  General  Assembly  in 
1808-1809;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  War  Demo 
crat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
to  March  3,  1817;  was  secretaiy  of  war  December 
16,  1817-March  3,  1825;  was  Vice-President  of  the 
United  States  March  4,  1825-December  28,  1832, 
when  he  resigned,  and  was  elected  United-States 
senator  (to  fill  the  vacancy  made  by  the  election  of 
General  Hayne  as  governor),  and  was  re-elected,  serv 
ing  from  January  4,  1833,  until  he  resigned,  March 
3,  1843 ;  was  secretary  of  state  under  President  Ty 
ler  March  6,  1844-March  3,  1845;  was  again  elected 
United-States  senator  from  South  Carolina,  serving 
from  December  22,  1845,  until  his  death,  at  Washing 
ton,  March  31,  1850. 

Calhoun,  John  Erwin,  Avas  born  in  1749 ;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  1744;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  March,  1789,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Charleston;  was  a  commissioner  of  confiscated  es 
tates  ;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  South  Carolina  as  a  Democrat,  and  served  from 
December  11,  1801,  until  his  death,  at  his  summer 
residence  near  Fort  Hill,  South  Carolina,  November 
3,  1802. 

Calhoun,  Joseph,  was  born  in  South,  Carolina; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Tenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3, 
1811. 

Calhoun,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  December  29,  1790;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1814; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Springfield ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1825-1835,  serving  two  years 
as  speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  3,039  votes  against  2,399  votes  for  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
defeating  Bancroft,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,303  votes  against 
2,957  votes  for  W.  W.  Thompson,  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1840  and  1847,  and  its 
president;  was  secretary  of  state  of  Massachusetts 
1848-1851;  was  State  bank  commissioner  1853-1855; 
was  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  and  Frelinghuy- 
sen  ticket  1844;  was  mayor  of  Springfield  1859;  and 
died  at  Springfield,  Massachusetts,  November  8, 1805. 

Calkin,  Hervey  C.,  was  born  at  Maiden,  New 
York,  March  23,  1828;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  settled  in  the  city  of  New  York  in  1847 ;  was 
for  five  years  employed  in  the  Morgan  Iron  Works; 
in  1852  he  commenced  business  as  a  dealer  in  metals, 
and  identified  himself  with  the  shipping  interests 
of  the  country;  held  no  public  positions,  excepting 
that  of  a  school-officer  in  his  ward;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  18,485  votes  against 
5,9S7  votes  for  Pinckney,  Republican. 

Call,  Jacob,  resided  at  Princeton,  Indiana;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State,  in  place  of 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


317 


William  Prince,  deceased,  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  23,  1824,  to  March  3, 
1825. 

Call,  Richard  K.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  en 
tered  the  United-States  army  in  1814  as  first  lieuten 
ant  of  the  Forty-fourth  Infantry;  was  volunteer  aide 
to  Major-General  Jackson,  April,  1818;  was  captain 
July,  1818,  and  resigned  May  1,  1822;  settled  in 
Florida;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  Legislative 
Council  in  1822;  was  brigadier-general  of  the  West- 
Florida  militia  January,  1823 ;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Florida  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Callis,  John  B.,  was  born  in  North  Carolina  in 
1828;  removed  to  Tennessee  in  1841,  and  from  there 
to  Wisconsin;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  lieu 
tenant,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general; 
settled,  after  the  war,  at  Huntsvillc,  Alabama;  de 
clined  a  colonel's  commission  in  the  United-States 
army;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
3,874  votes  against  2,183  votes  for  J.  W.  Burke,  and 
serving  from  July  21,  18G8,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Calvert,  Charles  B.,  was  born  in  Prince  George 
County,  Maryland,  August  24,  1808;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Vir 
ginia  in  1827 ;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits, 
and  was  noted  as  a  stock-breeder;  was  president  of 
the  Prince  George  County  Agricultural  Society,  and 
of  the  Maryland  State  Agricultural  Society,  and  vice- 
president  of  the  United-States  Agricultural  Society; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1830,  1843,  and  1844;  was  a  political  and  personal 
friend  of  Henry  Clay;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Union  Whig,  receiving  4,407  votes  against  4,305  votes 
for  Harris,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  July  4,  1801, 
to  March  3,  1803;  died  at  "Riverside,"  his  estate 
near  Bladensburg,  Maryland,  May  14,  1804. 

Calvin,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Washingtonville, 
Pennsylvania,  July  30,  1811;  received,  through  his 
own  exertions,  a  classical  education;  taught  school; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Ilollidaysburg,  Pennsylvania; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  declined  a  re 
election. 

Cambreleng,  Churchill  C.,  was  born  at  Wash 
ington,  North  Carolina,  in  1780 ;  received  an  academic 
education  at  New  Berne,  North  Carolina:  removed 
in  1802  to  New- York  City,  where  he  entered  a  count 
ing-room  as  a  clerk,  and  in  time  became  a  leading 
merchant,  establishing  the  house  of  Cambreleng  and 
Pearson;  Avas  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gresses,  by  large  majorities,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  19,205  votes  against  20,503  votes  for  Moses 
Grinnell,  Whig;  went  abroad,  and,  while  in  Europe, 
was  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren  minister  to 
Russia,  serving  from  May  20,  1840,  to  July  13,  1841 ; 
died  at  his  country-seat,  at  West  Neck,  Long  Island, 
April  30,  1802. 

Cameron,  Angus,  was  born  at  Caledonia,  New 
York,  July  4,  1820;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  and  graduated  at 
the  National  Law  School,  Ballston  Spa;  removed  to 
La  Crosse,  Wisconsin,  in  1857;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1863,'  18C4,  1871,  and 
1872 :  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative  Assembly  of 
Wisconsin  in  1800  and  1807,  and  was  speaker  in  1807; 
was  a  member  of  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  at  Baltimore  in  1804;  was  one  of  the  regents  of 
the  University  of  Wisconsin  1800-1875;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Wisconsin  by  the  votes  of 


Republicans,  Democrats,  and  Liberals,  to  succeed 
Matthew  H.  Carpenter,  serving  from  March  4,  1875. 

Cameron,  James  Donald  (son  of  Simon  Cam 
eron),  was  born  atMiddlctown,  Pennsylvania,  in  1833; 
received  a  classical  education,  and  was  a  student  at 
Princeton  College;  entered  the  Middlctown  Bank  as 
clerk,  and  became  its  cashier;  was  president  of  the 
Northern-Central  Railway  Company  of  Pennsylvania 
1800-1874,  when  the  road  was  leased  to  the  Pennsyl 
vania  Railroad  Company;  was  secretary  of  war  under 
President  Grant,  May  22,  1870-March  3,  1877 ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at 
Cincinnati  in  1870;  and  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Pennsylvania  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Simon  Cameron)  in  March,  1877, 
sen-ing  from  October  15,  1877. 

Cameron,  Simon  (father  of  James  Donald 
Cameron),  was  born  at  Waynesborough,  Pennsyl 
vania,  March  8,  1799;  learned  the  art  of  printing; 
worked  as  a  journeyman  in  Washington  City,  and 
afterward  edited  newspapers  at  Doylestown  and  Har- 
risburg;  afterward  became  interested  in  important 
banking  and  railroad  interests,  and  served  as  adju 
tant-general  of  Pennsylvania;  was  secretary  of  war 
in  1801,  organizing  the  Union  armies,  and  initiating 
the  arming  of  colored  men;  he  resigned  when  ap 
pointed  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Russia  in  1802; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania 
in  1845,  serving  until  1849,  and  was  re-elected  in  1857 
for  the  term  ending  in  1803,  but  resigned  in  1801 ; 
was  again  re-elected  as  a  Union  Republican,  to  suc 
ceed  Edgar  Cowan,  Democrat;  took  his  seat  in  1807; 
was  re-elected  in  1872;  resigned  in  1877,  and  was  suc 
ceeded  by  his  son. 

Campbell,  Alexander,  was  born  at  Concord, 
Pennsylvania,  October  4,  1814;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  entered  an  iron-manufacturing 
establishment  at  an  early  age  as  clerk ;  became  super 
intendent,  and  continued  in  the  business  of  mana 
ging  iron-works  in  Pennsylvania,  Kentucky,  and  Mis 
souri,  until  1850,  when  he  removed  to  La  Salic,  where 
he  has  since  resided;  was  elected  mayor  of  La  Salle 
in  1852,  and  re-elected  in  1853;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  Illinois  in  1858  and  1859;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Illinois  in  1802,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an  Independ 
ent,  receiving  10,303  votes  against  7,900  votes  for  F. 
Corwin,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  0, 
1875,  to  March  3, 1877 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
13,313  votes  against  14,849  votes  for  Philip  C.  Hayes, 
Republican. 

Campbell,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1779;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  medi 
cine,  and  commenced  practice  in  Kentucky  in  1785; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1800;  removed  to  Ripley,  Ohio,  in  1803;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1800;  was  elected  a  senator  from  Ohio  in  place  of 
Edward  Tiffin,  resigned,  and  took  his  seat  January 
12,  1810,  serving  until  March  3,  1813;  was  a  State 
senator  1813-1823;  and  died  at  Ripley,  Ohio,  Novem 
ber  5,  1857. 

Campbell,  Brookins,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Tennessee,  in  1808;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  and  speaker  of  the 
House  in  1845 ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  com 
missary,  with  the  rank  of  major,  August  4,  1840,  to 
July  17,  1847;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ten 
nessee  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,530  votes  atrainst  5,387  votes  for  Taylor, 
Whig,  but  died  at  Washington  City  December  25, 
1853^  having  never  taken  his  seat. 

Campbell,  George  Washington,  was  born 
in  Tennessee  in  1708;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1794;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Nashville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ten- 


318 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ncssce  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 
rc-clectecl  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17, 
183:3,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Tennessee  in  place  of  Jenkin  White- 
side,  resigned,  and  took  his  scat  November  4,  1811, 
serving  until  he  resigned,  February  9,  1814;  was 
secretary  of  the  treasury  from  February  9,  1814,  to 
October  6,  1814;  was  again  elected  senator  from 
Tennessee,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  until  he 
resigned,  in  1818;  was  minister  to  Russia  from  April 
16, 1818,  to  July  5, 1821;  was  a  member  of  the  French 
Claims  Commission  in  1801 ;  and  died  at  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  February  17,  1843. 

Campbell,  James  H.,  was  horn  at  Williams- 
port,  Pennsylvania,  February  8,  1820;  received  a 
classical  education;  studied  law;  graduated  at  the 
Carlisle  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1841,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pottsville;  was  a 
member  of  the  National  Whig  Convention  at  Balti 
more  in  1844;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,384  votes  against  5,081  votes  for  W.  L. 
Dcwart,  Democrat;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-iifth  Congress,  receiving 
6,418  votes  against  8,925  votes  for  W.  L.  Dewart, 
Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  7,153  votes  against  4,800  votes 
for  W.  L.  Dewart;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  9,807  votes  against  9,518 
votes  for  Hughes,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  3,  18G3;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  8,518  votes  against  9,239  votes  for  Myer 
Strouse,  Democrat ;  was  minister  to  Sweden  from  May 

18,  1804,  to  March  29,  1867;  was  appointed  minister  to 
the  United  States  of  Colombia  in  1807,  but  declined. 

Campbell,  John,  was  born  in  Charles  County, 
Maryland,  July  4,  1705;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  ;  held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as 
a  Federalist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1811;  was  judge  of  the 
Orphans'  Court  of  Charles  County;  and  died  at  Port 
Tobacco,  Maryland,  June  23,  1828. 

Campbell,  John,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the 
South-Carolina  College  in  1819;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Brownsville;  removing  to  Parnassus,  Maryborough 
District,  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  State- 
rights  Whig,  serving  from  December  7, 1829,  to  March 
3,  1831 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  1,280  votes 
against  690  votes  for  Smith,  sub-treasury  nullifier; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  1,280  majority,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3.  1845;  and  died  at  Parnassus,  May 

19,  1845. 

Campbell,  JohnH.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Phil 
adelphia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Native 
American,  receiving  5,662  votes  against  5,509  votes 
for  his  Democratic  opponent,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  declined  a  renomi- 
nation,  and  resumed  practice;  died  at  Philadelphia 
January  19, 1868. 

Campbell,  John  P.,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  and 
resided  at  Belleview;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1820;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  National  American,  receiving  7,533 
votes  against  0,089  votes  for  Peyton,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  ]855,  t:>  March  3,  1857. 


Campbell,  John  W.,  was  horn  in  Augusta 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  West  Union,  Ohio;  held  several 
local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  judge  of  the  United- 
States  Court  for  the  District  of  Ohio ;  and  died  Sep 
tember  24,  1833. 

Campbell,  Lewis  D.,  was  horn  at  Franklin, 
Ohio,  August  9,  1811;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  apprenticed  to  the  art  of  printing  1828- 
1831 ;  published  a  Clay  Whig  newspaper  at  Hamilton, 
Ohio,  1831-1836;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Hamilton;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,914  votes  against 
6,479  votes  for  Bahhvin,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Free-soil  Whig,  re 
ceiving  6,092  votes  against  5,279  votes  for  Vance, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,'OSO  votes  against  8,533  votes  for  C. 
L.  Vallandigham,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,058  votes  against 
6,493  votes  for  C.  L.  Vallandigham  (claimed  to  have 
been  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-iifth  Congress ;  but  the 
House  gave  the  scat  to  C.  L.  Vallandigham),  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  May  25,  1858;  served  in 
the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Ohio 
volunteer  infantry  1801-1802,  resigning  on  account 
of  ill  health;  was  commissioned  minister  to  Mexico 
May  4,  1806-June  16,  1867,  but  did  not  reach  his 
post;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  14,838  votes  against  14". 785  votes  for  Robert 
C.  Schenk,  Republican. 

Campbell,  Robert  B.,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  South-Carolina  College  in  1809;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  as  a  State-rights  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  in  place  of  Thomas  D. 
Singleton,  deceased,  as  a  nullilicr,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  81  majority 
over  Postell,  Union  Democrat,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  27,  1834,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  declined  a  re-election ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Tyler  in  1842  consul- 
general  at  Havana. 

Campbell,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Mansfield, 
Connecticut ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  re 
moved  to  Columbus,  New  York ;  was  for  five  succes 
sive  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Campbell,  Thomas  Jefferson,  was  born  in 
Tennessee  in  1780;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  assistant  inspector-general  to  Major-Gen 
eral  Coke's  division  of  East-Tennessee  militia  Sep 
tember  25,  1813,  to  March  12, 1814;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1841 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  79  majority  over  Ju 
lius  Blackwell,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
5,700  votes  against  5,793  votes  for  Julius  Blackwell, 
Democrat;  was  elected  clerk  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1847,  until  his 
death,  at  Washington  City,  April  13,  1850. 

Campbell,  Thompson,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  Galena,  Illinois,  where  he  became  interested  in 
mining;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,181  votes  against  7,807  votes  for  Sweet,  Whig,  and 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


319 


serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853; 
removed  to  California,  and  died  there  December  7, 
1868. 

Campbell,  William  B.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  a  classical  education;  studied  law  at  Abing- 
don  and  at  Winchester,  Virginia;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Tennessee,  and  commenced  practice ;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1835;  served  as  captain  of  a  company 
in  Trousdale's  regiment  in  the  Florida  war;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twen 
ty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  014  majority; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7(56  majority  over  W.  C.  Trousdale,  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
without  opposition,  serving  from  September  4,  1837, 
to  March  3, 1843 ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  colonel 
of  the  First  Tennessee  Volunteers ;  commanded  his 
brigade  after  General  Pillow  was  wounded,  and  was 
distinguished  at  Cerro  Gordo  and  at  Monterey;  was 
made  judge  of  the  Fourth  Circuit  of  Tennessee  soon 
after  he  returned  from  Mexico;  was  governor  of 
Tennessee  1851-1853;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Cir 
cuit  Court  in  1857 ;  canvassed  the  State  in  opposition 
to  secession  in  1861;  was  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  June  30, 
1862;  resigned,  on  account  of  bad  health,  January  26, 
1863;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  his  seat  December  3,  1867,  serving  to 
March  3,  1867;  died  at  Lebanon,  Tennessee,  August 
19,  1867. 

Campbell,  "William  "W.,  was  born  at  Cherry 
Valley,  New  York,  June  10,  1806;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Union  College  in  1827; 
studied  law  with  Chancellor  Kent  of  New  York; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
New- York  City  in  1831 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
National  American,  receiving  7,856  votes  against 
7,750  votes  for  Moore,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  visited  Europe; 
was  a  justice  of  the  Superior  Court  of  New-York 
City  1849-1855 ;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  State  Su 
preme  Court  for  the  Sixth  District  1857-1865 ;  pub 
lished  "Annals  of  Tryon  County"  (1831),  "Border 
Warfare"  (1849),  "Life  of  De  Witt  Clinton"  (1849), 
"  Sketches  of  Robin  Hood  and  Captain  Kidd  "  (1853), 
"  Life  of  Mrs.  Grant,  a  Missionary"  (1840). 

Canby,  Richard  S.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  resided 
at  Bellefontaine;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  6.  1847,  to  March  3,1849. 

Candler,  Milton  A.,  Avas  born  in  Campbell 
County,  Georgia,  January  11,  1837;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
Georgia  in  1854;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1856,  and  commenced  practice  at  Decatur, 
Georgia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1861-1863,  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1865,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1868- 
1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,450  votes  against  6,273  votes  for  G.  Mills,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Cannon,  George  Q.,  was  born  at  Liverpool, 
England,  January  11, 1827;  at  an  early  age  emigrated 
with  his  parents  to  the  United  States;  received  a 
careful  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  is  an 
editor  by  profession;  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  of 
the  Great  Salt-lake  Basin,  since  organized  as  Utah 
Territory;  when  steps  were  taken  by  the  people  of 
Utah,  in  1862,  to  have  the  Territory  admitted  into 
the  Union  as  a  State,  was  elected  United-States  sen 
ator;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  legislative  coun 
cil  of  the  Territory  of  Utah  for  the  years  1865  and 
1866,  1869  and  1870,  and  1871  and  1872 ;  was  elected 
in  1865,  and  regularly  since  then,  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Regents  of  the  Deseret  University;  at  a 


Constitutional  Convention  held  at  Salt-lake  City  in 
the  months  of  February  and  March,  1872,  was  elected 
a  delegate  to  present  the  constitution  and  memorial 
to  Congress  for  the  admission  of  the  Territory  into 
the  Union  as  a  State;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Utah  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  20,9(>9 
votes  against  1,942  votes  for  G.  R.  Maxwell,  anti- 
Mormoii ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  24,863  votes  against  4,518  votes  for  11.  N. 
Baskin,  anti-Mormon,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  21,531  votes  against 
3,842  votes  for  R.  N.  Baskin,  anti-Mormon,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873. 

Cannon,  Joseph  G.,  was  born  at  Guilford, 
North  Carolina,  May  7,  1836;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Tuscola,  Illinois;  was  State's 
attorney  from  March,  1861,  to  December,  1868;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,191  votes 
against  11,405  votes  for  W.  E.  Nelson,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,243  votes  against  10,603  votes  for  James  II. 
Pickrell,  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,796  votes  against  1(5,404 
votes  for  Black,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1873. 

Cannon,  Newton,  was  born  in  Guilford  County, 
North  Carolina;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Tennessee ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Felix  Grundy,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  15,  1814,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  appointed 
by  President  Monroe  a  commissioner  to  negotiate 
a  treaty  with  the  Chickasaw  Indians  in  1819 ;  was 
again  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,413 
majority  over  Trimble,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  without  opposition,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Tennessee  1835-1839 ;  and  died  at  Harpeth, 
Tennessee,  September  29,  1842. 

Cantine,  John,  was  born  .at  Kingston,  New 
York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1777-1781,  1788-1789,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  1790-1797 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Ulster  County 
to  the  State  Convention  which  adopted  the  Federal 
Constitution  in  1788;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  but  resigned 
before  taking  his  seat,  in  June,  1803. 

Capertoil,  Allen  Taylor,  was  born  near  Union, 
Monroe  County,  Virginia  (now  West  Virginia),  No 
vember  21,  1810;  attended  school  in  Virginia,  and  at 
Huntsville,  Alabama,  the  University  of  Virginia, 
and  Yale  College,  graduating  at  the  latter  institu 
tion  in  1839;  studied  law  with  Judge  Briscoe  G. 
Baldwin  at  Staunton,  Virginia;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  has  since  practised;  was  a  director  of 
the  James-river  and  Kanawha  Canal ;  was  for  several 
years  a  Whig  member  of  the  State  House  of  Dele 
gates  and  of  the  State  Senate  of  Virginia,  his  last 
senatorial  term  being  from  1859  to  1860;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Vir 
ginia  in  1861;  was  elected  by  the  legislature  of 
Virginia  a  member  of  the  Confederate-States  Senate, 
and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war,  in  1865 ;  took 
an  active  part,  after  returning  home,  in  bringing  the 
fine  coal,  mineral,  timber,  and  grazing-lands  of 
West  Virginia  before  distant  capitalists ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  West  Virginia  as  a 
Democrat,  to  succeed  Arthur  I.  Boreman;  took  his 
seat  March  4,  1875;  and  died  at  Washington  City, 
July  26,  1876. 

Caperton,  Hugh  (father  of  Allen  T.  Caperton), 
was  bom  in  Virginia  in  1780;  received  an  academic 
education ;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits ; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  Virginia  State 
House  of  Delegates;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in,  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Fed- 


320 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


eralist,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815; 
died  in  Monroe  County,  Virginia  (now  West  Vir 
ginia),  February  9,  1847. 

Carey,  George,  was  born  in  Charles  County, 
Maryland;  received  an  academic  education;  removed 
to  Georgia,  and  settled  at  Appling;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
sen-ing  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827; 
and  died  in  Upson  County,  Georgia,  June  14,  1844. 

Carey,  Jeremiah  E.,  was  born  at  Coventry, 
Rhode  Island,  April  30,  1803;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  to  Cherry  Valley,  in  the 
State  of  New  York;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,085  votes  against 
5,893  votes  for  Tuckerman,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
December  4, 1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  removed  to  New- 
York  City,  and  commenced  practice  there. 

Carey,  John,  was  born  in  Monongahela  County, 
Virginia,  April  5,  1792;  removed  with  his  parents  to 
the  North-western  Territory  in  1798;  worked  with 
his  father  as  a  tanner  until  1812;  assisted  in  building 
the  first  stone  house  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  1834; 
was  an  associate  judge  1825-1832;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1828,  1836, 
and  1843;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  9,304  votes  against  9,117  votes  for  L.  W. 
Hall,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1861 ;  retired  to  his  farm,  devoting  himself 
*o  agricultural  pursuits. 

Carlile,  John  S.,  was  born  at  Winchester,  Vir 
ginia,  December  16,  1817;  was  educated  by  his 
mother;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Beverly,  Virginia,  in  1842;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1847-1851 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1850;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Unionist,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  until  July  13,  1861,  when  he  took  his 
scat  in  the  Senate,  having  been  elected  in  place  of 
R.  M.  T.  Hunter,  withdrawn,  and  serving  to  March 
3,  1805. 

Carlton,  Peter,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
received  a  public-school  education;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Tenth 
Congress,  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3, 
1809. 

Carmichael,  Richard  B.,  was  born  in  Mary 
land;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1828;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Centreville ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2, 1833,  to  March  3, 1835 ;  was  presiding  judge 
of  the  County  Court  of  Queen  Anne  County  in  1861. 

Carmichael,  William,  was  born  in  Maryland ; 
received  a  classical  education ;  went  to  Paris  as  secre 
tary  to  the  commissioners  of  the  American  States 
November  28,  1777;  returned  home,  and  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Maryland  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1780;  went  to  Spain  as  secretary  of  legation 
September  28,  1779;  was  appointed  charr/e  d'affaires 
April  20,  1790,  and  served  until  May,  1794,  having 
negotiated  in  1792,  jointly  with  William  Short,  a 
treaty  concerning  the  free  navigation  of  the  Missis 
sippi  River;  returned  to  Maryland;  and  died  in  Feb 
ruary,  1795. 

Games,  Thomas  P.,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1762;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  removed  to  Millcdge- 
yillc,  Georgia,  where  he  commenced  practice;  was 
solid  tor-general,  and  subsequently  attorney-general, 
of  Georgia;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  'Court  of 
Georgia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 


the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
to  March  3,  1795;  died  at  Milledgcville,  Georgia,  May 
5,  1822. 

Carpenter,  Davis,  was  born  at  Walpole,  New 
Hampshire,  December  25,  1799;  received  an  academic 
education ;  studied  medicine ;  received  the  degree  of 
M.D.  at  Middlebury  College  in  1824,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Brockport,  New  York ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  A.  Boody,  resigned)  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  148  majority,  and  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
4,227  votes  against  5,609  votes  for  John  Williams, 
Soft  Democrat,  and  1865  votes  for  Sibley,  Hard  Dem 
ocrat;  resumed  practice  at  Brockport. 

Carpenter,  Leyi  D.,  was  born  in  Oneida  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  (in  place  of  Samuel  Beards- 
ley,  resigned),  as  a  Hard  Democrat,  by  734  majority, 
serving  from  December  2,  1844,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Carpenter,  Lewis  Cass,  was  born  at  Putnam, 
Connecticut,  February  20,  1836;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  to  New  Jersey,  where  he 
taught  school  for  several  years ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never  practised ;  began  writ 
ing  for  the  press  at  an  early  age,  and  was  for  several 
years  connected  with  New- York  papers ;  removed  to 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  in  1864,  and  was 
appointed  an  officer  of  the  treasury  department;  was 
also  Washington  correspondent  for  several  news 
papers;  assisted  in  establishing  the  first  Republican 
daily  paper  in  South  Carolina  —  "The  Charleston 
Republican" — in  1868,  and  removed  there  in  1870 
to  become  one  of  its  editors;  established  "  The  Daily 
Union"  in  1870;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican  (in  place  of  Robert  B.  Elliott,  resigned), 
receiving  23,185  votes,  without  any  organized  oppo 
sition,  serving  from  December  7,  1874,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Carpenter,  Matthew  H.,  of  Milwaukee,  was 
born  at  Moretown,  Vermont,  in  1824;  entered  the 
Military  Academy  at  West  Point  in  1853,  and  re 
mained  there  two  years;  studied  law  with  Rufus 
Choate,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  removed  to 
Wisconsin  in  1848,  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of 
his  profession;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Wisconsin  as  a  Republican,  in  place  of  James 
R.  Doolittle;  took  his  seat  March  4,  1869,  and  served 
until  March  3,  1875 ;  resumed  practice  at  Washington 
City. 

Carr,  Francis,  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in 
1752;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1806-1811; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Twelfth  Congress  (in  place  of  B.  Gannett,  re 
signed)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  June  3,  1812,  to 
March  3,  1813 ;  and  died  October  7,  1821. 

Carr,  James,  was  born  in  that  portion  of  Massa 
chusetts  which  afterwards  became  Maine;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1806- 
1811;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1816,  to  March  3,  1817;  and  died  at  Bangor. 

Carr,  John,  settled  at  Charlcstown,  Clarke  Coun 
ty,  Indiana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indi 
ana  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  TAventy-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1831, 
to  March  3,  1837;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  William 
Graham,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
March  3,  1841;  and  died  at  Charlestown,  Indiana, 
January  20,  1845. 

Carrington,  Edward,  was  born  in  Virginia, 
February  11,  1749;  received  an  academic  education: 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  in  the  quarter 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


321 


master's  department;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1780;  was  foreman 
of  the  jury  before  which  Aaron  Burr  was  tried  for 
treason  in  1807;  and  died  at  Richmond,  Virginia, 
October  28,  1810. 

Carroll,  Charles,  was  born  at  Annapolis,  Mary 
land,  September  20,  1737;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  at  the  College  of  St.  Omer,  in  France;  studied 
the  civil  law  at  the  College  of  Louis-le-Grand  at 
Rheims,  and  the  common  law  at  the  Temple  at  Lon 
don;  returned  to  Baltimore  in  1764,  and  took  an 
active  part  in  the  discussions  which  preceded  the 
He  volution;  was  a  continental  commissioner  to  Can 
ada  early  in  177(5,  but  failed  to  induce  the  Canadians 
to  join  the  other  provinces;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  Maryland ;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Maryland  in  the  Continental  Congress, 
serving  from  July  18,  1776  (signing  on  the  2d  of 
August  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  which  had 
been  adopted  on  the  4th  inst.),  until  1778,  when  lie 
resigned,  to  devote  his  whole  time  to  his  duties  as 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  senator 
from  Maryland  in  the  First  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  his  term  of  two  years  from  March  4,  1789; 
was  re-appointed,  and  resigned  in  1792;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  of  Maryland  from  1791  un 
til  1801,  when,  on  the  defeat  of  the  Federal  party, 
lie  retired  into  private  life.  He  laid  the  corner-stone 
of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  July  4,  1828; 
and  died  at  Baltimore  November  14,  1832. 

Carroll,  Charles  H.,  was  born  in  Maryland 
June  7,  1794;  removed  to  the  Genesee  Valley,  New 
York,  with  his  father,  when  young ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education ;  studied  law  with  John  C.  Spencer, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never  practised, 
devoting  his  time  to  the  management  of  his  large 
landed  estates;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1836,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1837;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Henry  Clay 
Whig,  receiving  6,979  votes  against  623  votes  for 
Pills,  Abolitionist,  the  Democrats  making  no  oppo 
sition,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,310  votes  against  6,465  votes  for 
Wadsworth,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  a  presidential  elector  011 
the  Fillmore  and  Donaldson  ticket  in  1856,  and  the 
Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860;  was  a  prominent 
Union  man  during  the  war  for  the  suppression  of 
the  Rebellion;  and  died  at  Groveland,  New  York, 
June  8,  1865. 

Carroll,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Prince  George's 
County,  Maryland,  in  1756;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation  ;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  on  an  estate 
now  included  within  the  limits  of  Washington  City; 
was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1780-1784;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Conven 
tion  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  First 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  March  4, 1789, 
to  March  3,  1791 ;  took  an  active  part  in  securing  the 
establishment  of  a  seat  of  government ;  was  appoint 
ed  by  President  Washington  one  of  the  commission 
ers  to  locate  the  District  of  Columbia  and  the  Federal 
city  in  1791;  resided  at  "  Duddington,"  his  mansion- 
house,  near  the  Capitol  at  Washington  City,  and  died 
there  in  1829. 

Carroll,  James,  was  born  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land;  received  a  thorough  English  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,018 
votes  against  7,632  votes  for  John  P.  Kennedy,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Carroll,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Springfield,  New 
York,  April  27,  1825;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  graduated  at  Union  College,  Schencctady,  New 
York,  in  1846;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1848,  and  practised  at  Johnstown;  was  elected 
district-attorney  of  Fulton  County  in  1859,  and  held 
that  oliice  three  years ;  and  was  elected  a  representa 


tive  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,828  votes  against  13,390 
votes  for  Marvin,  Republican,  and  2,286  votes  for  S. 
McKean,  Independent. 

Carson,  Samuel  P.,  was  born  at  Pleasant  Gar 
den,  North  Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1822  and  1824;  was 
elected  a  representative  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
defeating  the  then  representative,  R.  B.  Vance,  M.D. ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  again  de 
feating  Dr.  Vance  (a  duel  ensued  that  fall  at  Saluda 
Gap,  South  Carolina,  in  which  Dr.  Vance  received  a 
mortal  wound,  of  which  he  soon  died) ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  without  opposi 
tion,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress  without  opposition,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  until  March  3,  1833 ;  removed  soon  afterwards 
to  Arkansas,  where  he  died  at  the  Hot  Springs  in 
November,  1840. 

Carter,  John,  was  born  on  Black  River,  Sumter 
District,  South  Carolina,  September  11, 1792;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  South-Caro 
lina  College  in  1811;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Camden;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place  of  James  Blair,  re 
signed)  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nine 
teenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  11,  1822,  to  March  3,  1827;  declined  a  re 
election;  resumed  practice  at  Camden;  removed  in 
1836  to  Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia,  where  he 
died  June  20,  1850. 

Carter,  Luther  C.,  was  born  at  Bethel,  Maine, 
February  25,  1805 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
removed  to  New  York,  where  he  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Education  of  New- York  City;  retired  from 
business,  and  removed  to  Long  Island,  where  he 
became  interested  in  agriculture ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Union  Republican,  receiving  8,122  votes 
against  7,339  votes  for  the  Democratic  candidate, 
and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1861;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  10,631  votes 
against  11,882  votes  for  E.  Henry  Smith,  Democrat. 

Carter,  Timothy  J.,  was  born  in  that  portion 
of  Massachusetts  now  Maine;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Paris,  Maine;  was  secretary  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Maine  1833;  was  county-attorney 
1833-1837 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  his  death  at  Washington 
City  March  14,  1838. 

Carter,  William  B.,  was  born  in  Tennessee  in 
1812  ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  in 
terested  in  agricultural  and  mercantile  pursuits ;  was 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  and 
House  of  Representatives;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1834,  and  its  pre 
siding  officer ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  Anderson  and  Arnold  ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  defeating  T.  J. 
Arnold,  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  defeating  Powell,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841;  died  at 
Elizabethtown,  Tennessee,  April  17,  1848. 

Cartter,  David  K.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  thorough  English  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Masillon,  Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,774  votes  against  3,477  votes  for  Brown, 
Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,682  votes  against  4,448  votes  for 
Hemphill,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1853;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
minister  to  Bolivia,  serving  from  March  27,  1861,  to 


322 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


March  10,  1862;  was  appointed  in  1863  chief  justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Caruthers,  Robert  L.,  was  born  in  Smith 
County,  Tennessee,  July  31,  1800;  received  a  classical 
education,  mainly  through  his  own  exertions,  while 
clerk  in  a  store;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1823,  and  commenced  practice;  was  clerk  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1824;  was 
clerk  of  the  Chancery  Court  of  Smith  County,  and 
edited  a  newspaper  there;  removed  to  Wilson  County 
in  1826;  was  State  attorney  1827-1832;  was  a  member 
of  the  Tennessee  House  of  Representatives  in  1835; 
was  elected  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  and 
Frelinghuysen  ticket  in  1845,  declining  to  be  regarded 
as  a  candidate  for  governor;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  1,214  majority,  and  serv 
ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  declined  a 
re-election;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Tennessee  in  1852;  was  a  delegate  from 
Tennessee  to  the  Peace  Convention  of  1860. 

Caruthers,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Madison 
County,  Missouri,  October  13,  1820 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Clinton  College, 
Tennessee;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Fredericktown,  removing 
subsequently  to  Girardeau,  Missouri;  held  several 
local  offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mis 
souri  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  on  a 
general  ticket;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  8,045  votes  against  5,625  votes  for 
Jones,  Benton  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,291 
votes  against  4,883  votes  for  Ferryman,  American, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859; 
and  died  at  Cape  Girardeau,  Missouri,  July  20,  1860. 

Gary,  George  B.,  was  born  near  Petersburg, 
Virginia,  in  1811;  received  a  classical  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Bethlehem,  Vir 
ginia,  March  5,  1850. 

Gary,  Samuel  P.,  was  born  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
February  18, 1814;  graduated  at  the  Miami  University 
of  Ohio,  and  afterwards  at  the  Cincinnati  Law 
School;  practised  law  until  1845,  when  he  engaged 
in  agricultural  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  an  Independ 
ent  Republican,  receiving  959  majority  over  Smith, 
Republican ;  was  prominent  as  a  labor-reformer. 

Gary,  Shepard,  was  born  in  Maine ;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  interested  in  agricul 
ture  and  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1832,  1833, 
1339,  1840,  1841,  1842,  and  1843;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and  Johnson  ticket  in 
1836;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  May  10,  1844,  to  March  3,  1845;  died  at  Houl- 
ton,  Maine.  August  12,  1866. 

Case,  Charles,  was  born  at  Austinburgh,  Ohio, 
December  21,  1817;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Republican  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Samuel  Brcnton),  receiving  800  majority  over  J. 
L.  Wcrden,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  10,780  votes  against 
9,417  votes  for  Dawson,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Case,  Walter,  was  born  in  Dutchess  County, 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  died  at  Newburgh, 
New  York. 

Casey,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Maryland;  received 
a  liberal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  New  Berlin,  Pennsylvania; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 


the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,341 
votes  against  7,118  votes  for  Petrckin,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Claims  in  1863. 

Casey,  Levi,  was  an  active  partisan  officer  in 
South  Carolina  during  the  Revolutionary  war;  was 
elected  brigadier-general  of  militia;  was  elected  a 
representative  in  Congress  from  South  Carolina  to 
the  Eighth  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  until 
his  death,  at  Washington  City,  February  1,  1807. 

Casey,  Samuel  L.,  was  born  in  Union  County, 
Kentucky;  received  a  good  English  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Casey- 
ville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  March  10, 

1862,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Casey,  Zadoc,  was  born  in  Georgia  in  1796;  re 
moved  to  Illinois,  where  he  founded  the  town  of 
Cascyville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois 
in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1843;  was 
elected  lieutenant-governor  of  Illinois;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  a  State  Constitutional  Convention;  and  died 
at  Caseyyille,  Illinois,  in  1862. 

Caskie,  John  S.,  was  born  at  Richmond,  Vir 
ginia;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law  ;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Richmond ; 
was  appointed  prosecuting  attorney;  was  elected, 
when  twenty-five  years  of  age,  by  the  legislature, 
judge  of  the  Richmond  and  Ilenrico  Circuit;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,960  votes 
against  2,472  votes  for  John  Minor  Botts,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
4,333  votes  against  3,561  votes  for  Coleman,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  5,951  votes  against  5,446  votes  for  W.  C.  Scott, 
National  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,148  votes  against  2,931 
votes  for  Crane,  National  American,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,481  votes  against  5,581  votes  for 
Daniel  S.  Dcjarnette,  Independent  Democrat;  re 
sumed  practice;  and  died  at  Richmond,  Virginia, 
after  a  protracted  illness,  December  16,  1809. 

Cason,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  Union  County, 
Indiana,  September  13,  1828;  was  educated  at  com 
mon  schools,  and  by  himself  at  home ;  was  raised  on 
a  farm;  when  seventeen  years  of  age,  commenced 
teaching  school,  and  reading  law;  studied  law  with 
Governor  Henry  S.  Lane  and  Judge  Samuel  C.  Wil 
son  of  Crawf ordsville ;  was  licensed  to  practise  in 
March,  1850 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  Supreme 
Court  in  May,  1852,  and  continued  to  practise  at 
Lebanon,  except  when  on  the  bench;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1861,  1862, 

1863,  and  1864,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1864,  1865, 
1866,  and  1867;  was  appointed  by  Governor  Baker 
common-pleas  judge  in  April,  1867,  and  served  until 
October,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  same  office  for 
a  term  of  four  years ;   was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  17,929  votes  against  17,730  votes 
for  M.  D.  Manson,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
13,188  votes  against  12,754  votes  for  McClurg,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Cass,  Lewis,  was  born  at  Exeter,  New  Hamp 
shire,  October  9,  1782;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  crossed  the  Alleghany  Mountains  on  foot,  when 
seventeen  years  of  age,  to  Ohio;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1802,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Zanesvillc;  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  House  of 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


323 


Representatives;  was  United-States  marshal  for  the 
District  of  Ohio  1807-1813;  was  colonel  of  the  Third 
Ohio  Volunteers,  which  was  a  part  of  General  Hull's 
army  surrendered  at  Detroit  August  16,  1812;  was 
appointed  colonel  of  the  Twentieth  United-States  In 
fantry  in  February,  1813,  and  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  March  12,  1813;  was  governor 
of  Michigan  Territory  1813-1831;  was  appointed 
secretary  of  war  by  President  Jackson,  serving  from 
1831  to  1836;  was  minister  to  France  from  October  4, 
1836,  to  November  12, 1842;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Michigan  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  until  he  resigned,  May  29,  1848; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  Presi 
dent  in  the  fall  of  1848;  was  subsequently  elected  to 
fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  his  own  resignation, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1857; 
was  secretary  of  state  under  President  Buchanan 
from  March  4,  1857,  until  he  resigned,  December  17, 
1860;  retired  to  Detroit,  Michigan,  where  he  died, 
June  17,  1866.  Published  "  France,  its  King,  Court, 
and  Government,"  and  several  magazine  articles  on 
Indian  affairs. 

Cassedy,  George,  was  born  in  Bergen  County, 
New  Jersey,  May  14,  1784;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March 
3,  1823 ;  died  at  Hackensack,  New  Jersey. 

Casserly,  Eugene,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1823 ; 
came  with  his  parents,  in  1827,  to  New-York  City, 
where  he  resided  until  1850;  received  there  a  classical 
education;  was  connected  with  the  press  for  about 
five  years ;  was  admitted  to  the  highest  courts  of  New 
York  in  1845 ;  practised  law  in  New- York  City  until 
1850,  and  was  corporation-attorney  there  in  1846- 
1847;  went  to  California  in  1850,  and  has  since  re 
sided  in  San  Francisco;  in  1850-1851  he  published  a 
daily  paper  there,  and  was  State  printer  for  one  year, 
in  1851-1852;  practised  law  from  1851  until  Novem 
ber,  1868;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
California  as  a  Democrat,  to  succeed  John  Conness, 
Republican,  and  served  from  March  4,  1869,  until 
November  29,  1873,  when  he  resigned,  and  resumed 
practice  at  San  Francisco. 

Caswell,  Lucien  B.,  was  born  at  S wanton,  Ver- 
mont,  November  27,  1827 ;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in 
1837;  pursued  a  partial  collegiate  course;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  practised 
at  Fort  Atkinson;  was  elected  district-attorney  in 
1855  and  1856 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative  As 
sembly  of  Wisconsin  in  1863, 1872,  and  1874;  was  com 
missioner  of  the  second  district  board  of  enrolment 
from  September,  1863,  to  May  5, 1865 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Republican  National  Convention  at  Chicago 
in  1868 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wis 
consin  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  11,676  votes  against  11,459  votes  for  A.  G. 
Cook,  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  15,073  votes  against  14,745  votes 
for  Orton,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Caswell,  Richard,  was  born  in  Maryland,  Au 
gust  3,  1729;  received  a  classical  education;  removed 
to  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  in  1746,  and  was  for 
several  years  a  clerk  at  the  State  capitol,  studying 
law  in  his  leisure  hours;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice ;  was  a  member  of  the  Colo 
nial  House  of  Delegates  1754-1771,  serving  the  two  last 
years  as  speaker ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army, 
commanding  the  right  wing  at  the  battle  of  Alla- 
mance  in  1771 ;  was  a  delegate  from  North  Carolina 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776;  was  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention,  and  its  presi 
dent;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  1777-1780; 
commanded  the  North-Carolina  troops  at  the  battle 
of  Camden  1780;  was  speaker  of  the  Senate  of  North 
Carolina  1782-1784,  performing  the  duties  of  comp 
troller-general  at  the  same  time;  was  again  governor 
of  North  Carolina  1785-1788;  was  a  delegate  from 
North  Carolina  to  the  Convention  which  framed  the 


Federal  Constitution  1787;  was  again  elected  State 
senator  in  1789,  and,  while  presiding  over  that  body, 
was  struck  with  paralysis,  of  which  he  died  ten  days 
afterwards,  November  5,  1789. 

Gate,  George  "W.,  was  born  in  Montpclier,  Ver 
mont,  September  17,  1825;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1845  at  Montpelier;  removed  the  same  year  to 
Wisconsin,  and  located  at  Plover;  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature  in  1852  and  1853;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  April,  1854,  and 
held  that  position  continuously  until  March  4,  1875, 
when  he  resigned  upon  being  elected  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
Independent  Reformer,  receiving  9,446  votes  against 
9,444  votes  for  A.  S.  McDill,  Republican,  and  serving 
from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Cathcart,  Charles  W.,  was  born  on  the  Island 
of  Madeira  in  1809;  received  a  good  English  educa 
tion;  followed  the  sea  in  his  boyhood;  located  at 
La  Porte,  Indiana,  in  1831,  and  engaged  in  agricul 
tural  pursuits,  and  was  for  several  years  a  United- 
States  land  surveyor;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  chosen  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1845 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,302  votes 
against  5,959  votes  for  Sample,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  7,474 
votes  against  7,070  votes  for  Pratt,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  ap 
pointed  United-States  senator  from  Indiana  in  place 
of  James  Whitcomb,  deceased,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1852,  to  March  3, 1853 ;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits. 

Catlin,  George  S.,  was  born  at  Harwinton, 
Connecticut,  August  7,  1809;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1830,  and  commenced  practice  at  Windham,  Connecti 
cut  ;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature;  was  State  attorney  for  Windham  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,253  votes  against  6,011  votes  for  the  Whig  candi 
date,  and  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1845;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  5,391  votes 
against  5,734  votes  for  Rockwell,  Whig,  and  784  votes 
for  Wilson,  Abolitionist ;  was  judge  of  the  Windham- 
county  Court;  died  at  Windham,  Connecticut,  De 
cember  26,  1851. 

Cattell,  Alexander  G.,  was  born  at  Salem, 
New  Jersey,  February  12,  1816;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  a  clerk  in  his  father's  store, 
and  afterwards  a  merchant  and  a  banker  in  Philadel 
phia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislative  of  New 
Jersey  in  1840;  was  clerk  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
New  Jersey  from  1842  to  1844 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  New  Jersey  in 
1844;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  New 
Jersey  as  a  Republican  in  the  place  of  John  P. 
Stockton,  Democrat,  who  had  been  unseated,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1866,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Caulfleld,  Bernard  G.,  was  born  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  October  18,  1828 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  Georgetown  College,  District 
of  Columbia,  in  1848,  and  at  the  law  department  of 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1850;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  removed  in  1853  to  Chicago, 
where  he  practised  law;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  B.  Rice),  and 
took  his  seat  February  1,  1875;  and  had  previously 
been  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  10,211  votes  against  9,803  votes  for 
Sidney  Smith,  Republican,  serving  until  March  3, 
1877. 

Causin,  John  M.  S.,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1811;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 


324 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Leonardtown;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1845;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  died  at  Cairo, 
Illinois,  January  30,  1861. 

Cavanaugh,  James  M.,  was  born  in  Spring 
field,  Massachusetts,  July  4,  1823;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  became  a  newspaper  editor;  studied 
and  practised  law;  settled  in  Minnesota  in  1854,  and 
represented  that  State  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress ; 
removed  to  Colorado  in  1801,  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession  and  mining;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  that  framed  the  Constitution 
of  the  State  of  Colorado ;  went  to  Montana  in  I860, 
and  was  elected  delegate  from  Montana  in  the  Forti 
eth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,004  votes 
against  4,890  votes  for  Sanders,  Republican,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  serving  from 
March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Cessna,  John,  was  born  in  Bedford  County, 
Pennsylvania,  June  29,  1821 ;  graduated  at  Marshall 
College,  Merccrsburg,  in  1842;  was  a  tutor  in  that 
institution  for  a  short  time,  after  which  he  studied 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1845 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1850,  1851,  1802,  and  1803, 
serving  as  speaker  of  the  House  in  1851  and  1803; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Cincinnati  Convention  of  1850, 
to  the  Charleston  and  Baltimore  Conventions  of 
1800,  and  to  the  Chicago  Convention  of  1808;  in 
1805  he  was  chosen  chairman  of  the  Republican 
State  Convention,  and,  on  motion  of  Hon.  Thad- 
deus  Stevens,  was  elected  chairman  of  the  Repub 
lican  State  Central  Committee  of  1805 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,053 
votes  against  13,509  votes  for  Kimmcll,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  12,844  votes  against 
12,859  votes  for  Benjamin  F.  Myers,  Democrat;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
14,383  votes  against  13,007  votes  for  Benjamin  F. 
Myers,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  in  1875  assistant  attorney-general,  but  de 
clined. 

Chaffee,  Calvin  C.,  was  born  at  Saratoga,  New 
York,  August  28,  1811 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine,  graduating  with  the  degree 
of  M.D.  from  the  Medical  School  of  Micldlebury 
College;  located  at  Springfield,  Massachusetts,  and 
practised  there;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Know-Nothing,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  10,902  votes  against  4,107  votes 
for  Fowler,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 1855, 
to  March  3,  1859;  was  librarian  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  1859-1801;  was  a  claim-agent  at 
Washington  City  1801-1870. 

Chaffee,  Jerome  B.,  was  born  in  Niagara 
County,  New  York,  April  17,  1825;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  is  a  banker  and  a  miner;  was 
elected  in  1801,  1802,  and  1803  to  the  legislature  of 
Colorado,  and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker  of  the 
House;  was  elected  by  the  State  legislature  of  the 
proposed  State  of  Colorado  in  1805  as  one  of 
the  United-States  senators ;  was  elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  a  majori 
ty  of  over  1,300  votes  over  G.  W.  Miller,  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  7,590  votes  against  0,260  votes  for  A.  C. 
Hunt,  Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  elected  United-States 
senator,  on  the  admission  of  Colorado  as  a  State,  as  a 
Republican,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1870. 

Chalmers,  Joseph  W.,  removed  to  Holly 
Springs,  Mississippi,  and  practised  law  there;  was 
appointed  United-States  senator  from  Mississippi  in 


place  of  Robert  J.  Walker  (Jacob  Thompson  having 
declined  the  appointment),  and  was  siibscquently 
elected  for  the  vacant  term,  serving  from  December 
7,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  resumed  practice  in  part 
nership  with  Robert  Barton. 

Chamberlain,  Ebenezer  M.,  was  born  at 
Orrington,  Maine,  August  20,  1805;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  worked  in  a  ship-yard ;  studied  law 
with  Elisha  H.  Allen  at  Bangor,  resorting  to  school- 
teaching  to  meet  his  expenses;  removed  in  1832  to 
Connersville,  Indiana,  where  he  completed  his  legal 
studies;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  August,  1833, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Elkhart  County;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1835  and  1837;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  0,875  votes  against  5,900  votes  for  Samuel 
Brcnton,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1853, 
to  March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  re-election,  receiving  5,881  votes  against 
7,485  votes  for  Samuel  Brcnton,  Republican,  and 
resumed  practice  at  Goshen. 

Chamberlain,  Jacob  P.,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to 
Seneca  Falls,  New  York;  filled  several  local  positions; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,581  votes  against  8,153  votes  for  Lewis,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Chamberlain,  John  C.,  was  born  in  1772;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1793;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Alstead,  New  Hamp 
shire  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serv 
ing  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811;  and  died 
at  Utica,  New  York,  December  8,  1834. 

Chamberlain,  William,  was  born  in  the  State 
of  Vermont;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law;  .was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  a  State  councillor  1790-1803;  was  chosen  a 
presidential  elector  in  1801 ;  was  chief  justice  of  the 
State  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1801-1803 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Eighth  Congress, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Ninth  and  Tenth 
Congresses  by  James  Fisk;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress,  receiving  169  majority  over  James 
Fisk,  and  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1811;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twelfth 
Congress  by  James  Fisk;  was  lieutenant-governor  of 
Vermont  1813-1815. 

Chambers,  David,  was  born  at  AllentoAvn, 
Pennsylvania,  March  17,  1780;  was  educated  in  the 
academy  taught  by  his  father;  served  in  the  Whiskey- 
insurrection  campaign  as  a  confidential  express- 
rider  for  President  Washington;  learned  the  art  of 
printing  in  the  office  of  "  The  Philadelphia  Aurora; " 
passed  sixteen  years  on  a  farm  in  Virginia;  estab 
lished  a  newspaper  at  Zanesville,  Ohio,  and  was 
elected  State  printer;  when  the  seat  of  government 
of  Ohio  was  removed  to  Columbus,  he  was  chosen 
secretary  of  the  Senate;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 
as  a  volunteer  aide-de-camp  to  General  Cass;  was 
elected  recorder,  and  afterwards  mayor,  of  Zanesville ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821, 
to  March  3,  1823 ;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives,  serving  in  1844 
as  speaker;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
onvention  of  1851;  and  died  at  Zanesville,  Ohio, 
August  8,  1864. 

Chambers,  Ezekiel  F.,  was  born  in  Kent 
'ounty,  Maryland,  February  28,  1788;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Washington  Col- 
ege  in  1805;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  1808 ;  served  in  the  war 
of  1812,  attaining  the  rank  of  brigadier-general; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1822;  was 
ilected  United-States  senator  from  Maryland  as  a 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


325 


Whig  (in  the  place  of  Edward  Lloyd,  resigned) ;  took 
his  seat  February  22,  1826,  serving  till  1834,  when  he 
resigned;  was  appointed  presiding  judge  of  the  sec 
ond  judicial  circuit  of  Maryland  in  1834,  and  occu 
pied  the  position  until  1851,  when,  by  a  change  of  con 
stitution,  the  judiciary  of  Maryland  became  elective; 
was  offered  the  position  of  secretary  of  the  navy  by 
President  Fillraore  in  1852,  but  declined  on  account 
of  feeble  health;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor  of  Maryland  in  1864;  and 
died  at  Chestertown,  Maryland,  January  30,  1867. 

Chambers,  George,  was  born  at  Chambers- 
burg  (founded  by  his  grandfather),  Pennsylvania, 
February  24,  1786;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1804;  studied  law 
with  Judge  Duncan  at  Carlisle ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1807,  and  commenced  practice  at  Chambers- 
burg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1837;  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania  April  12,  1851,  and 
occupied  that  position  until  it  was  vacated  by  con 
stitutional  provision;  died  March  25, 1866.  He  wrote 
a  history  of  the  Cumberland  Valley,  the  manuscript 
of  which  was  destroyed  when  the  Confederate 
troops  burned  his  house  during  their  invasion  of 
Pennsylvania. 

Chambers,  Henry,  studied  medicine,  and  prac 
tised  at  Madison,  Alabama;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  until 
his  death,  January  25,  1826. 

Chambers,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey, 
December  4, 1779;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Kentucky  with  his  father  in  1792 ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1800 ;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812  as  aide-de-camp  to  General  Harrison, 
and  was  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Thomas  Metcalfe,  resigned)  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  337  majority,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1828,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
1,255  majority  over  Tanner,  Democrat,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  iS39;  was  governor 
of  Hie  Territory  of  Iowa  1841-1846;  Avas  a  commis 
sioner  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with  the  Sioux  Indians 
1849;  and  died  near  Paris,  Kentucky,  September  21, 
1852. 

Champion,  Epaphroditus,  was  born  at  East 
Iladdam,  Connecticut,  February  1,  1752;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  Feder 
alist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thir 
teenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
October  20,  1807,  to  March  3,  1817;  and  died  at  East 
Haddam,  Connecticut,  November  22,  1835. 

Champlin,  Christopher  Grant,  was  born  at 
Newport,  Rhode  Island,  April  12,  1768;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1786;  completed  his  studies  at  the  College  of  St. 
Omcr,  in  France;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
llhode  Island  in  the  Fifth  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  sen-ing  from  May  15, 
1797,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Rhode  Island  (in  place  of  Francis  Mai- 
bone,  deceased);  took  his  seat  January  12,  1810, 
serving  until  1811,  when  he  resigned;  was  for  many 
years  president  of  the  Rhode-Island  Bank,  and  occu 
pied  that  position  when  he  died,  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  March  18,  1840. 

Chandler,  John  (brother  of  Thomas  Chandler, 
and  uncle  of  Zachariah  Chandler),  was  born  at  Ep- 
ping,  New  Hampshire;  received  a  liberal  education; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  removed  to  that  part 
of  Massachusetts  which  afterwards  became  the  State 
of  Maine,  and  settled  on  a  farm  at  Monmouth ;  was  a 


member  of  the  State  Senate  1803-1805;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  a  Maine  district  of  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Maine  on  the  admission 
of  that  State,  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  No 
vember  13,  1820,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  collector  of 
customs  at  Portland  1829-1837;  and  died  at  Augusta, 
Maine,  September,  1841. 

Chandler,  Joseph  B.,  was  born  at  Kingston, 
Massachusetts,  in  1792 ;  received  a  liberal  education ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Philadelphia;  edited  "The  United-States 
Gazette;"  was  grand  master  of  the  Free  Masons  of 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,656  votes  against  3,874  votes  for  Van 
Dyke,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  5,912  votes  against  3,714  votes 
for  Martin,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  6,994  votes  against 
3,556  votes  for  Hamlin,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  advocated  the  elec 
tion  of  President  Buchanan,  and  was  appointed  by 
him  minister  to  the  Two  Sicilies,  serving  from  June 
15,  1858,  to  November  15,  1860;  edited  "The  Phila 
delphia  North- American ;"  and  died  at  Philadelphia. 
He  published  a  "Grammar  of  the  English  Lan 
guage,"  and  several  addresses  delivered  at  Masonic 
and  literary  assemblages. 

Chandler,  Thomas  (brother  of  John  Chandler, 
and  uncle  of  Zachariah  Chandler),  was  born  at  Bed 
ford,  New  Hampshire,  August  10,  1772;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  was  by  occupation  a  fanner, 
and  a  teacher  of  sacred  music ;  wras  a  justice  of  the 
peace  and  of  the  quorum  in  1808;  was  a  captain  of 
militia  in  1815;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  in  1818,  and  again  in  1827 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  on  general  ticket,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1833 ;  and  died 
at  Bedford,  New  Hampshire,  January  28,  1866. 

Chandler,  Zachariah,  was  born  at  Bedford, 
New  Hampshire,  December  10,  1813;  received  an 
academic  education;  removed  to  Michigan,  and  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  wras  mayor  of  Detroit 
in  1851;  was  elected  in  1857  United-States  senator 
from  Michigan  as  a  Republican  to  succeed  Lewis 
Cass,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  in  1863,  and  was 
again  re-elected  in  1869,  serving  from  March  4,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 
the  Republican  nomination  by  I.  P.  Christiancy ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Grant  secretary  of  the 
interior,  serving  from  October  19,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877;  was  chairman  of  the  National  Republican 
Executive  Committee  in  the  presidential  campaigns 
of  1868  and  1876. 

Chaney,  John,  was  born  in  Maryland  in  1801; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  defeating  W. 
W.  Irvin,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1839;  died  at  Courtwright,  Ohio. 

Chanler,  John  Winthrop,  was  born  in  New- 
York  City  in  1826 ;  graduated  from  Columbia  College, 
New  York,  irt  1847 ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was 
elected  member  of  the  New- York  State  Assembly 
from  the  tenth  district  of  New- York  City  for  1858 
and  1859 ;  was  nominated  State  senator  from  the  fifth 
district  in  1860,  but  declined ;  was  nominated  repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  from  the 
sixth  district  of  New  York,  but  was  defeated ;  wras 
elected  representative  from  the  seventh  district  of 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,326  votes  against  2,937  votes  for 
Burr,  Union  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,513  votes  against 


326 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


5,003  votes  for  W.  Eoardman,  Union  Republican, 
and  was  re-olected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,503  votes  against  0,743  votes 
for  G.  F.  Steinbrcnner,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809';  and  died  sud 
denly  at  his  residence  near  Rhinebeck,  New  York, 
October  19,  1877. 

Chapin,  Chester  W.,  was  born  at  Ludlow, 
Massachusetts,  December  10, 1798;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  engaged  for  five  years  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  was  a  mail-contractor,  running 
post-coaches  and  steamboats ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  Massachusetts,  in  1853; 
is  a  farmer,  manufacturer,  banker,  and  president  of 
the  Boston  and  Albany  Railroad  Company;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,904  votes  against  0,227  votes  for  Henry  Alexander, 
jun.,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  0,  1875, 
to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,7CO 
votes  against  11,922  votes  for  G.  D.  Robinson,  Repub 
lican. 

Chapin,  Graham  H.,  was  born  in  Connecticut 
in  17U9;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1817;  removed  to  Rochester,  New 
York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1830,  to  March  3, 1837;  died  at 
Mount  Morris,  New  York,  September  8,  1843. 

Chapman,  Augustus  A.,  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia  in  1810;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Van 
Buren  Democrat,  receiving  1,200  majority  over  Watts, 
Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  sen-ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1847 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  3,443  votes  against 
W.  B.  Preston,  Whig. 

Chapman,  Bird  B.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Omaha,  Nebraska;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Ne 
braska  Territory  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  his 
seat  being  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Hiram  P. 
Bennett,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 
1857. 

Chapman,  Charles,  was  born  at  Newtown, 
Connecticut,  June  21,  1799;  received  an  academical 
education ;  studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced 
practice  at  New  Haven  in  1827 ;  removed  to  Hartford 
in  1828,  and  succeeded  John  D.  Prentice  and  John 
G.  Whittier  as  editor  of  "The  New-England  Re 
view;"  was  three  times  successively  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  State  legislature ;  was  United-States  dis 
trict-attorney  1841-1848;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
7,327  votes  against  7,444  votes  for  Loren  P.  Waldo, 
Democrat;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
7,895  votes  against  7,749  votes  for  Waldo,  and  423 
votes  for  Cowles,  Free  Soil,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the 
Temperance  candidate  for  governor  of  Connecticut  in 
1854,  receiving  10,072  votes,  thereby  throwing  the 
election  into  the  legislature,  and  electing  the  Whig 
candidate,  although  Judge  Ingham,  the  Democratic 
candidate,  received  the  largest  proportion  which  fell 
to  any  one  of  the  three  candidates,  and  nearly  a  ma 
jority  of  the  popular  vote.  When  the  Republican 
party  was  formed,  he  identified  himself  with  the 
Democracy,  and  was  sent  to  the  legislature  three 
times  by  that  party.  He  was  regarded  as  the  best 
criminal  lawyer  in  Connecticut ;  and  he  died  at  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut,  August  7,  1809. 

Chapman,  Henry,  was  born  in  Bucks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  January  10, 1805;  received  a  thorough 
English  education ;  studied  law  with  his  father ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Doylestown;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 


1843-1845;  was  president  judge  of  the  fifteenth  judi 
cial  district  of  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1Q,321  votes  against 
8,789  votes  for  Bradshaw,  Union  Republican,  and 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 1859 ;  was 
elected  president  judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  dis 
trict  of  Pennsylvania  in  1801. 

Chapman,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1799. 

Chapman,  John  G.,  was  born  in  Charles  Coun 
ty,  Maryland,  July  5,  1798;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  partly  at  Yale  College,  but  did  not  gradu 
ate,  on  account  of  his  health;  studied  law  with 
Samuel  Riddle  at  Bedford,  Pennsylvania,  and  after 
wards  with  William  Wirt;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1820,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Maryland 
1824-1839,  1843,  and  1844,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1840 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  without  opposition, 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849; 
was  president  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Maryland  in  1851;  was  president  of  the  National 
Whig  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1850  which  nomi 
nated  Fillmore  and  Donaldson;  died  at  Port  Tobac 
co,  Maryland,  December  10,  1850. 

Chapman,  Reuben,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1800;  received  an  academic  education;  removed  to 
Alabama,  and  settled  at  Somerville,  Morgan  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  without  op 
position;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  Twenty-eighth,  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  without  opposition,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1847 ;  was  governor  of 
Alabama  1847-1849. 

Chapman,  William  W\,  was  one  of  the  first 
immigrants  into  Iowa,  settling  at  Burlington;  was 
elected  the  first  delegate  from  Iowa,  taking  his  seat 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  September 
4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Chappell,  Absalom  H.,was  born  in  Georgia; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Macon ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (in  the  place  of  John 
B.  Lamar,  resigned)  as  a  State-rights  Whig,  receiv 
ing  37,505  votes  against  34,721  votes  for  Herschel 
V.  Johnson,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Chappell,  John  Joel,  was  born  on  Little  River, 
in  Fairlield  District,  South  Carolina,  January  19, 
1782;  his  parents  removed,  when  he  was  an  infant, 
to  Richland  District,  where  they  afterward  resided ; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law  four 
years  under  Thomas  Henry  Egan ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1805,  and  commenced  practice  at  Columbia; 
held  the  commission  of  colonel  during  the  war  of  1812, 
but  his  regiment  saw  no  active  service ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  War  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March  3, 1817;  was  defeated 
as  a  candidate  for  the  Fifteenth  Congress  because  he 
had  voted  for  the  bill  which  gave  congressmen  a 
yearly  salary  of  fifteen  hundred  dollars,  instead  of  a 
per  diem  allowance;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 
the  Sixteenth  Congress;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  secretary  of  state  of  South  Carolina;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law,  and  practised  until  1849;  was 
a  director  in  the  Columbia  branch  of  the  State  Ban1' 
of  South  Carolina  1830-1858;  removed  to  Alabama,, 
where  he  became  a  cotton-planter;  and  died  on  his 
plantation  in  Lowndes  County,  May  23,  1871. 

Charlton,  Robert  M.,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  January  19,  1807;  received  a  liberal  educa- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


327 


tion ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Savannah ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
United-States  district-attorney;  was  elected  a  judge 
of  the  Superior  Court  in  1835;  resigned  to  devote 
himself  to  his  profession;  was  appointed  a  senator 
from  Georgia  (in  place  of  J.  McPherson  Berrien,  re 
signed),  serving  from  June  11,  1852,  to  March  3, 1853; 
was  mayor  of  Savannah;  and  died  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  January  8,  1854.  Published  a  volume  of 
poems  in  1839,  and  "Leaves  from  the  Portfolio  of  a 
Georgia  Lawyer,"  with  a  number  of  historical  and 
literary  addresses ;  and  he  was  a  regular  contributor 
to  "  The  Knickerbocker  Magazine." 

Chase  [or  Chace],  Dudley  (uncle  of  Salmon  P. 
Chase),  was  born  at  Cornish,  New  Hampshire,  De 
cember  30,  1771 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1791;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Randolph,  Vermont ;  was  State  attorney  for 
Orange  County  1803-1811;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Conventions  of  1814  and  of 
1822;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  for  several  years,  and  speaker  1813-1817 ; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Vermont  in 
the  place  of  Stephen  R.  Bradley,  serving  from  May 
24,  1813,  until  he  resigned  in  1817;  was  chief  jus 
tice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Vermont  1817-1821 ; 
was  again  elected  United-States  senator  (in  the  place 
of  William  A.  Palmer),  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  and  died  at  Randolph,  Ver 
mont,  February  23,  1846. 

Chase,  George  W.,  was  born  at  Schenevus, 
New  York ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,608  votes 
against  7,664  votes  for  Snow,  Democrat;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  9,550  votes  against 
8,034  votes  for  Gordon,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  died  at  Mary 
land,  New  York,  May  1,  1867. 

Chase,  Jeremiah  T.,  was  born  in  Maryland, 
and  was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1783-1784. 

Chase,  Lucien  B.,  was  born  in  Vermont  Au 
gust  9,  1817;  removed  to  Tennessee,  and  located  at 
Clarksville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ten 
nessee  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  declined  a 
re-election;  died  December  14,  1864.  Published  a 
"History  of  the  Polk  Administration." 

Chase,  Salmon  Portland,  was  born  at  Cornish, 
New  Hampshire,  January  13,  1808;  studied  a  year  at 
Cincinnati  College,  Ohio,  of  which  his  uncle,  Bishop 
Chase,  was  president;  entered  the  junior  class  at 
Dartmouth  College,  and  graduated  in  1826;  studied 
law  at  Washington  with  William  Wirt,  supporting 
himself  by  teaching  school,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1829;  commenced  practice  at  Cincinnati  in 
1830;  compiled  an  edition  of  the  statutes  of  Ohio, 
and  wrote  upon  biographical,  historical,  and  scien 
tific  subjects  for  periodicals  and  newspapers;  became 
a  prominent  defender  of  persons  tried  for  violating 
the  Fugitive-slave  Act  in  1837;  a  school-examiner  of 
Cincinnati  in  1839 ;  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Cin 
cinnati  city  council  in  1840;  advocated  the  election 
of  Harrison  and  Tyler  in  1840;  identified  himself  in 
1841  with  the  Liberty  party,  and  was  a  participant  in 
its  national  conventions,  at  Buffalo  in  1843,  and  at 
Cincinnati  in  1847 ;  was  a  member  of  the  National 
Free-soil  Convention  at  Buffalo  in  1848  which  nom 
inated  Van  Buren;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  (by  a  coalition  under  which  the  Free-Soilers  gave 
all  the  State  offices  to  the  Democrats  in  considera 
tion  for  their  electing  him  senator),  and  served  from 
March  4,  1849,  to  March  4,  1855;  was  elected  gov 
ernor  of  Ohio  in  1855  as  a  Free-soil  Democrat,  and 
re-elected  as  a  Republican  in  1857;  was  a  member  of 
the  National  Peace  Convention  in  1868;  received 


some  votes  for  candidate  for  President  at  the  Repub 
lican  National  Convention  of  1860;  was  again  elected 
United-States  senator  in  1860;  took  his  seat  March  4, 
1861,  and  resigned  the  next  day  to  become  secretary 
of  the  treasury  under  President  Lincoln,  which  posi 
tion  he  held  until  he  resigned  in  September,  1864;  was 
appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  Decem 
ber  6,  1864;  presided  at  the  impeachment  trial  of 
President  Johnson  in  1866;  was  prominently  before 
the  Democratic  National  Convention  of  1868;  died  at 
New  York,  after  a  paralytic  shock,  May  7,  1873. 

Chase,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Somerset  County, 
Maryland,  April  17,  1771;  received  a  thorough  Eng 
lish  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1761,  and  commenced  practice  at  Annapolis;  was  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Maryland  1764- 
1784;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1774,  and  re-elected  in  1776 ; 
was  sent  on  a  special  mission  to  Canada  in  1774,  with 
Charles  Carroll  and  John  Carroll,  to  induce  the 
Canadians  to  join  in  the  revolution  against  Great 
Britain;  was  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence  ;  went  to  England  in  1782  as  agent  of  the 
State  of  Maryland,  to  recover  the  stock  in  the  Bank 
of  England  which  it  had  purchased  when  a  British 
colony;  removed  to  Baltimore  in  1786;  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  General  Court  of  Maryland  in  1791, 
and  judge  of  the  Baltimore  Criminal  Court  in  1793; 
was  appointed  by  President  Washington  a  justice  of 
the  Supreme  Court  in  1796 ;  was  impeached  in  1804, 
through  the  exertions  of  John  Randolph,  on  charges 
of  malfeasance  in  office  several  years  previous ;  was 
tried  by  the  Senate  in  1805,  and  acquitted  of  all  the 
charges;  remained  on  the  bench  of  the  Supreme 
Court  until  he  died,  June  19,  1811. 

Chase,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Cooperstown,  New 
York,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  an  Adams  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3, 
1829. 

Chastain,  Edward  W.,  was  born  in  South 
Carolina;  removed  to  Tacoah,  Georgia;  held  several 
local  offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Geor 
gia  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Union  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,481  votes  against  5,904  votes  for 
Stiles,  State  Rights ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  8,118  votes  against  7,871 
votes  for  Tomlinson,  State-rights  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Chaves,  J.  Francisco,  was  born  at  Padillers, 
New  Mexico,  June  27,  1833;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri;  studied  medicine  at 
the  New-York  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons; 
engaged  in  mercantile  and  agricultural  pursuits  in 
New  Mexico ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  major  of 
the  First  New-Mexico  Infantry;  after  seeing  much 
active  service  on  the  frontier,  and  participating  in 
several  battles,  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
lieutenant-colonel,  and  was  mustered  out,  at  his  own 
request,  in  1864;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Mexico  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses,  receiving  at  the  last  election 
2,200  majority  over  Romero,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Cheatham,  Richard,  was  born  at  Springfield, 
Tennessee,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  123  majority  over  Cave  Johnson,  Van  Bureii 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  by  Cave  Johnson, 
Democrat,  who  received  1,057  majority. 

Chestnut,  James,  jun.,  was  born  near  Cam- 
den,  South  Carolina,  in  1815;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
South  Carolina  1842-1852,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
1854-1858;  was  appointed  to  the  United-States  Senate 
as  a  State-rights  Democrat  (in  the  place  of  J.  J. 


328 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Evans,  deceased),  and  was  subsequently  elected, 
serving  from  January  5,  1859,  until  he  resigned, 
November  10,  18(30,  and  was  expelled  July  11,  1861; 
was  appointed  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the 
Confederate  Provisional  Congress  January  4,  1861; 
was  appointed  colonel  in  the  Confederate  army,  and 
given  a  position  as  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Jef 
ferson  Davis  in  1861 ;  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
in  1864,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  brigade 
011  the  coast  of  South  Carolina;  was  a  member  of 
the  National  Democratic  Convention  of  1868  which 
nominated  Seymour  and  Blair. 

Chetwood,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  Elizabeth- 
town,  New  Jersey,  in  1769;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1792; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1798,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Council  of  New  Jersey;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Philemon  Dickerson,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  5,  1836,  to  March  3,  1837; 
resumed  practice;  and  died  at  Elizabethtown,  New 
Jersey,  December  18,  1857. 

Cheves,  Langdon,  was  born  on  Eocky  Eiver, 
Abbeville  District,  South  Carolina,  September  17, 
1776;  received  a  scanty  education;  was  taken  by  his 
father  'to  Charleston  in  1786,  and  placed  in  a  store  as 
clerk;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  1794  with 
William  Marshall ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1797, 
and  practised  at  Charleston;  was  a  member  of  the 
General  Assembly  in  1808,  and  State  attorney-general 
the  same  year;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  (in  place 
of  Robert  Marion,  resigned);  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  and  re-elected  over  John  Rut- 
ledge  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  presiding  during 
the  second  session  as  speaker,  and  serving  from  Jan 
uary  24,  1811,  to  March  3,  1815;  declining  a  re 
election,  he  resumed  practice,  but  was  elected  law 
judge  in  December,  1816;  he  was  elected  March  6, 
1819,  president  of  the  Bank  of  the  United  States; 
was  chief  commissioner  of  claims  under  the  treaty 
of  Ghent;  practised  at  Philadelphia,  and  then  at 
Lancaster,  but  returned  to  South  Carolina  in  1830, 
and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Southern  Convention  at  Nashville  in  1850, 
and  of  the  Southern  Convention  at  Columbia  in  1852; 
and  died  at  Columbia,  South  Carolina,  June  26, 
1852.  _ 

Chilcott,  George  M.,  was  born  in  Huntingdon 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1828;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  was  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  and 
by  profession  a  lawyer,  having  been  admitted  to 
practice  in  1863;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1844;  was 
elected  sheriff  of  Jefferson  County  in  1853;  moved 
to  Nebraska  in  1856,  and  was  elected  the  same  year 
to  the  territorial  legislature;  moved  to  Colorado  in 
1859;  served  in  the  legislature  of  Colorado  during 
the  first  two  sessions  of  that  body  in  1861  and  1862 ; 
was  appointed  register  of  the  United-States  land 
office  for  the  Colorado  district  in  1863,  and  served 
four  years;  was  elected  a  representative  in  Congress 
under  the  State  organization  in  1865,  but  was  not 
admitted;  and  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Colorado 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
3,529  votes  against  3,421  votes  for  Hunt,  serving  from 
March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Childs,  Thomas,  jun.,  was  born  at  New- York 
City;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American  Whig, 
receiving  6,557  votes  against  5,094  votes  for  Kennedy, 
Democrat,  but  never  took  his  seat,  owing  to  pro 
longed  illness. 

Childs,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Pittsfield,  Mas 
sachusetts  ;  removed  to  Rochester,  New  York ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1828;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  7, 1829,  to  March  3, 1831 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to 


the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Santa  Cruz  Novem 
ber  8,  1847. 

Chilton,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Warrenton,  Vir 
ginia,  September  7, 1804;  received  a  thorough  English 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Warrenton;  was  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  1,581  votes 
against  1,303  votes  for  William  Smith,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  ;  and  died  at  Warrenton,  Virginia,  January 
14,  1867. 

Chilton,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Elizabethtown, 
Kentucky ;  received  a  liberal  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress,' serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March 
3,  1839 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1835. 

Chinn,  Joseph  W.,  was  born  at  Nuttsville, 
Virginia ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  76  majority  over  John  Taliaferro,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  defeat 
ing  John  Taliaferro,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  by  John 
Taliaferro,  Whig,  who  received  171  majority;  and 
died  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  December  5,  1840. 

Chinn,  Thomas  W\,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
removed  to  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana;  held  several 
local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Lou 
isiana  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841;  was 
appointed  by  President  Taylor  minister  to  the  Two 
Sicilies,  serving  from  June  5,  1849,  until  he  resigned 
in  October,  1849. 

Chipman,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  Con 
necticut,  in  1765  ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1788;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Ripton,  Vermont;  was  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  serving 
as  speaker  four  years;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3, 
1817;  died  at  "Ripton,  Vermont,  April  23,  1850.  He 
published  a  work  on  "  Law  Contracts  for  the  Sale  of 
Specific  Articles,"  and  a  volume  of  the  "Decisions 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Vermont." 

Chipman,  John  S.,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Middlebury 
College  in  1823;  removed  to  Centreville,  Michigan; 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Michigan  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1847 ;  removed  to  California. 

Chipman,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Salisbury, 
Connecticut,  November  15,  1752;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1777 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Tinmouth,  Vermont;  was  law-professor  at 
Middlebury  College  for  many  years;  was  elected  a 
judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  in  1786,  and  was 
chosen  chief  justice  in  1789;  was  appointed  judge  of 
the  United-States  District  Court  in  1791,  serving 
until  1794,  when  he  was  again  elected  chief  justice 
of  the  State  Supreme  Court;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Vermont  in  place  of  Isaac 
Tichenor,  resigned,  serving  from  November  22,  1797, 
until  March  3,  1803;  died  at  Tinmouth,  Vermont, 
February  13,  1843.  He  published  in  1793  "  Sketches 
of  the  Principles  of  Government,"  and  "Reports  and 
Dissertations." 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


329 


Chipman,  Norton  P.,  was  born  at  Mil  ford 
Centre,  Ohio,  March  7,  18:34;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  different  counties  of  Ohio,  in  which  his 
parents  successively  resided;  removed  to  Iowa  in 
1845;  entered  Washington  College,  Iowa,  and  after 
wards  attended  the  law-school  at  Cincinnati;  re 
turned  to  Washington,  Iowa,  and  commenced  the 
practice  of  law;  entered  the  Union  army  as  private, 
and  was  enrolled  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  Second 
Iowa  Infantry,  the  first  three-years'  regiment  sent 
from  that  State;  was  adjutant  and  major  of  that 
regiment ;  was  appointed  colonel  and  additional  aide- 
de-camp  in  the  regular  army,  and  at  the  close  of  the 
war  was  brevetted  brigadier-general ;  settled  at  Wash 
ington  City,  where  he  had  previously  been  on  duty 
for  two  years ;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the  Terri 
torial  Government  of  the  District  of  Columbia  at  its 
organization ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  the  District 
of  Columbia  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  15,190  votes  against  11,104  votes  for 
E.  T.  Merrick,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  12,443  votes  against 
7,042  votes  for  L.  G.  Hine,  Democrat;  removed  to 
California,  and  entered  into  the  lumber-business. 

Chittenden,  Martin,  was  born  at  Salisbury, 
Connecticut,  March  12,  1769;  removed  with  his  par 
ents  to  Williston,  Vermont,  in  1776;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1789;  commenced  the  study  of  law,  but,  his  health 
failing,  he  became  a  farmer;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  that  ratified  the  Federal  Constitu 
tion;  was  elected  clerk  of  Chittenden  County  in  1790; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1790-1 79G;  was  judge  of  the  Chittenden-county  Court 
1793-1795,  and  was  chief  justice  1796-1803 ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  receiving 
twelve  majority  at  the  last  election,  and  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  governor  of 
Vermont  1813  and  1814,  but  was  defeated  for  re-elec 
tion;  was  judge  of  probate  1821-1823.  Contracted  a 
fever  while  on  a  visit  to  Illinois,  and  died  at  Willis- 
ton,  Vermont,  September  5,  1841. 

Chittenden,  Simeon  B.,  was  born  at  Guilford, 
Connecticut,  March  29,  1814;  received  an  academic 
education ;  entered  a  store  in  early  life  at  New  Haven, 
Connecticut ;  removed  to  New  York  in  1843,  and  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  vice-president  of 
the  New- York  Chamber  of  Commerce  from  1867  to 
1869;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1872;  was  one  of 
the  first  directors  in  the  Continental  Bank  and  in  the 
Continental  Fire-insurance  Company;  was  a  trustee 
of  the  United-States  Trust  Company;  was  a  director 
in  the  Delaware,  Lackawanna  and  Western,  and  other 
railroads ;  is  president  of  the  New-Haven  and  New- 
London  Shore-Line  Railroad  of  Connecticut;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
resignation  of  Stewart  L.  Woodford;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an  Independent  Re 
publican,  receiving  14,539  votes  against  8,996  votes 
for  Ostrander,  Republican,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,110  votes  against 
17,858  votes  for  Thomas  S.  Dakin,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1874. 

Chittenden,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  in  Massa 
chusetts;  removed  to  Adams,  Jefferson  County,  New 
York ;  held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,989  votes  against  4,309 
votes  for  Isaac  II.  Bronson,  Democrat ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
6,212  votes  against  5,750  votes  for  A.  S.  Greene,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2, 1839,  to  March  3, 1843. 

Choate,  Rufus,  was  born  at  Ipswich,  Massachu 
setts,  October  1, 1791);  was  reared  on  a  farm;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege  in  1819 ;  was  a  tutor  at  Dartmouth  College  for 
one  year;  studied  law  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School, 


and  then  with  Attorney-General  Wirt  at  Washing 
ton  City;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1823, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Danvers ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1825,  and 
State  senator  in  1826;  removed  to  Salem  in  1828;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  1,750 
votes  against  767  votes  for  B.  W.  Crowninshield, 
Democrat,  and  352  votes  for  Cabot,  Jackson  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  by 
an  increased  majority,  but  resigned  at  the  close  of  the 
first  session,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  June 
30,  1834;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Massachusetts  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Daniel  Webster),  and  served  from 
March  1,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845,  declining  a  re-elec 
tion;  was  a  regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution, 
but  resigned  February  2,  1855,  as  he  could  not  in 
dorse  the  management  of  it;  declined  in  1848  the 
position  of  professor  of  the  Law  School  at  Cambridge; 
declined  also  a  seat  on  the  bench  of  the  State  Su 
preme  Court;  visited  Europe  in  the  summer  of  1850; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Whig  National  Convention  at 
Baltimore  in  1852;  declined  the  attorney-generalship 
of  Massachusetts  in  1853;  advocated  the  election  of 
Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  in  1856;  started  on  a 
voyage  to  Europe,  but  was  unable  to  proceed  farther 
than  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  where  he  died,  of  Bright's 
disease,  July  13,  1859. 

Chrisman,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Kentucky, 
and  resided  at  Monticello  in  that  State;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1849; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,657 
votes  against  5,622  votes  for  Bramlette,  Whig,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  and  claimed  to  have  been  elected,  but  the 
House  decided  that  he  had  only  received  7,201  votes, 
and  gave  the  seat  to  Anderson,  who  had  received 
7,204  votes ;  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  First  and  Second  Confederate  Congresses. 

Christian cy,  Isaac  P.,  was  born  at  Canonga 
(then  Johnstown),  New  York,  March  12,  1812;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education  at  the  Johnstown  and 
Ovid  Academics ;  studied  law  with  Hon.  John  May- 
nard  until  1836,  when  he  removed  to  Monroe,  Michi 
gan,  where  he  completed  his  legal  studies  with  Hon. 
Robert  McClelland;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  until  called  to  the  bench  of  the  Supreme 
Court  in  1858;  was  prosecuting-attorney  1841-1846; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Free-soil  Convention 
at  Buffalo  in  1848;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
of  Michigan  from  January  1,  1850,  until  January  1, 
1852 ;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Michigan  from  January  1,  1858,  until  February  27, 
1875  (chief  justice  from  January,  1872,  until  January 

1,  1874) ;  and  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Michigan  as  a  Republican,  to  succeed  Z.  Chandler, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1875. 

Christie,  Gabriel,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Third  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3, 
1797 ;  was  again  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December 

2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Churchill,  John  Charles,  was  born  at  Mooers, 
New  York,  January  17,  1821;  fitted  for  college  at 
Burr  Seminary,  Vermont;  graduated  at  Middlebury 
College,  Vermont,  July,  1843;  taught  languages  at 
Castleton  Seminary,  Vermont,  two  years;  was  tvitor 
at  Middlebury  College  one  year;  read  law  at  Dane 
Law  School,  Harvard  University;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  July,  1847;  occupied  the  chair  of  languages  at 
Middlebury  College  for  a  few  months,  during  the  ill 
ness  of  Professor  Solomon  Stoddard ;  commenced  the 
practice  of  law  at  Oswego,  New  York,  early  in  1848, 
and  has  continued  it  to  the  present  time;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  Oswego  City  from 


330 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1853  to  1856,  and  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of  Osweg< 
County  1854  and  1855;  was  district-attorney  for  Os 
wego  County  from  1857  to  1800;  was  judge  of  Oswegi 
County  from  1800  to  1804,  and  in  the  latter  year  was 
unanimously  presented  by  his  county  as  a  candidate 
for  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,401  votes  against  8,827 
votes  for  Albertus  Perry,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  15,701 
votes  against  6,109  votes  for  Stebbins,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Church  well,  W^illiam  M.,  was  born  near 
Knoxville,  Tennessee;  was  one  of  the  county  judges 
of  Knox  County;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  0,074  votes  against  0,658  votes  for 
Anderson,  Whig ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  6,026  votes  against  4,797 
votes  for  H.  Maynard,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Cilley,  Bradbury,  was  born  at  Nottingham, 
New  Hampshire,  February  1,  1700;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire,  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  on  the 
Peace  ticket,  headed  by  Daniel  Webster,  receiving 
18,585  votes  against  15,985  votes  for  J.  A.  Harper, 
War  Democrat;  was  re-elected'  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
until  March  3, 1817 ;  was  an  aide-de-camp  to  Governor 
Gilmaii,  and  was  on  duty  when  the  British  threatened 
to  attack  Portsmouth,  in  1814;  and  died,  at  Notting 
ham  December  17,  1831. 

Cilley,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Nottingham, 
New  Hampshire,  July  2,  1802;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1825; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Thomaston,  Maine;  edited 
"  The  Thomaston  Register  "  1829-1831;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1832-1837, 
serving  two  years  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  February  24, 1838,  when  he  was  killed  in  a 
duel,  near  Washington,  by  William  J.  Graves,  a  rep 
resentative  from  Kentucky. 

Cilley,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Nottingham,  New 
Hampshire,  January  4,  1791;  was  commissioned  as 
ensign  of  State  militia  October  17,  1811,  and  as  en 
sign  in  the  regular  army  March  12,  1812;  served 
through  the  war  with  Great  Britain  with  distinction, 
and  resigned  in  July,  1816;  was  an  aide-de-camp  to 
Governor  Benjamin  Pierce  in  1827 ;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  senate  as  a  Democrat  to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Levi  Wood- 
bury  (who  had  been  appointed  a  justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court),  serving  from  June  22,  1846,  until 
March  3,  1847;  passed  the  remainder  of  his  life  on 
his  well-tilled  farm  at  Nottingham,  New  Hampshire. 
Claflin,  William,  was  born  at  Milford,  Massa 
chusetts,  March  0,  1818;  was  for  many  years  engaged 
in  the  wholesale  boot  and  shoe  business  at  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  and  afterwards  at  Boston,  residing  at  New 
ton;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1849-1852;  was  a  State  senator  1800-1861,  and 
president  of  the  Senate  the  last  year;  was  a  member 
of  the  Republican  National  Executive  Committee 
fmm  1864  to  1875,  serving  as  chairman  from  1S08  to 
1872 ;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Massachusetts  1866- 
1809;  was  governor  of  Massachusetts  1809-1871 ;  was 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,245  votes  against  12,497  votes  for  William 
W.  Warren,  Democrat. 

Clagett,  Clifton,  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire,  December  3,  1702 ;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law  with  his  father,  Attorney- 
Goneral  Wyseman  Clagett;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
1^4  '  ancl  commftnc°d  practice  at  Litchfield  in 
1787;  was  appointed  judge  of  probate  for  Hills- 
borough  County  in  1811,  and  removed  to  Amherst; 


was  the  representative  from  Litchfield  in  the  legisla 
ture  for  several  years,  and  from  Amherst  in  1816; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803, 
to  March  3,  1805;  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the 
peace  and  quorum  in  1808;  was  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  Superior  Court  in  1812,  and  held  that  office 
until  the  alterations  of  the  court  the  ensuing  year; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  0,  1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  appointed 
judge  of  probate  August  5,  1823,  and  held  the  office 
at  the  time  of  his  death,  at  Amherst,  January  29, 
1829. 

Clagett,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Upper  Marl- 
borough,  Maryland,  September  21,  1838;  was  early 
educated  to  a  knowledge  of  the  rod,  and  not  much 
else;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature  of  Nevada  in  1862,  1803,  and  1865; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Montana  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
5,274  votes  against  4,801  votes  for  E.  W.  Toole,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Claiborne,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  liberal  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1805,  to  1808,  when  he  died. 

Claiborne,  John  F.  H.,  was  born  at  Natchez, 
Mississippi;  received  a  classical  education  in  Vir 
ginia,  where  he  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar ;  commenced  practice  at  Natchez ;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  claimed  to  have 
been  re-elected  to  the  TAventy-fif  th  Congress,  —  the 
House  admitting  him  to  his  seat  October  3,  1837,  but 
subsequently  reversing  its  decision,  and  declaring 
the  seat  vacant,  — serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
January  31,  1838;  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candi 
date  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  at  the  special 
election  ordered,  receiving  11,308  votes  against  12,249 
votes  for  S.  S.  Prentiss,  Whig;  edited  "  The  Natchez 
Free-Trader,"  and  subsequently  "  The  Louisiana 
Courier;  "  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  United- 
States  live-oak  timber  agent  for  the  districts  of 
Louisiana  and  Mississippi.  He  published  "  The  Life 
of  General  Samuel  Dale,"  "  The  Life  of  General 
Quitman,"  and  many  magazine  articles. 

Claiborne,  Nathaniel  Herbert,  was  born  in 
Sussex  County,  Virginia,  November  14,  1767;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  was  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Delegates;  was  an 
executive  councillor;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  defeating 
Jabez  Leftwich;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  receiving  1,648  votes  against  786  votes  for 
William  Campbell;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
iirst  Congress  without  opposition ;  was-  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  Congress  without  opposition ;  was 
•e-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  without  oppo 
sition  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
ivithout  opposition,  serving  from  December  5,  1825, 
;o  March  3,  1837;  died  at  Rocky  Mount,  Virginia, 
August  15,  1839.  Published  "  Notes  on  the  War  in 
the  South,  1819." 

Claiborne,  Thomas  (father  of  John  and 
Thomas  Claiborne),  was  born  at  Brunswick,  Vir- 
inia;  received  a  classical  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Third  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1799; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Sixth  Congress; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress ;  was  re 
flected  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem- 
>er  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1805;  died  at  Brunswick, 
Virginia,  1812. 

Claiborne,  Thomas  (son  of  Thomas  Claiborne, 
xnd  brother  of  John  Claiborne),  was  born  at  Bruns 
wick,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


331 


Tennessee  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Claiborne,  William  Charles  Cole,  was  born 
in  Virginia;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Nashville,  Tennessee;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  March  23,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was 
appointed  governor  of  the  Territory  of  Mississippi  in 
1801,  and  of  newly-acquired  Louisiana  in  1804;  was 
elected  governor  of  Louisiana,  serving  from  1812  to 
181G ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Loui 
siana  as  a  Democrat,  but  died,  before  taking  his  seat, 
at  New  Orleans,  November  23,  1817. 

Clapp,  Asa  "W.  H.,  was  born  in  Maine;  was  a 
merchant  at  Portland ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  4,369  votes  against  3,023  votes  for 
Little,  Whig,  and  1,010  scattering  votes,  and  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  May  3,  1849. 

Clark,  Abraham,  was  born  near  Elizabeth- 
town,  New  Jersey,  February  15,  172(5;  was  self-edu 
cated;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Railway ;  was  sheriff  of  Union 
County ;  was  clerk  of  the  Provincial  Assembly ;  was 
active  in  the  ante-Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a 
delegate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1770-1782  and  1787-1788 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
conventions  of  1780  and  1787 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1782-1787;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Sec 
ond  Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  his  death, 
at  Railway,  New  Jersey,  September  15,  1794. 

Clark,  Ambrose  W".,  was  born  near  Coopers- 
town,  New  York,  February  19,  1810;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing; 
was  publisher  of  "  The  Otsego  Journal "  for  five 
years,  of  "The  Northern  Journal"  in  Lewis  County 
for  eight  years,  and  of  "The  Northern  New  Yale 
Journal"  at  Watertown  for  sixteen  years;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,904 
votes  against  4,834  votes  for  Purple,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  14,820  votes  against  11,031  votes  for  Carryl, 
Republican,  serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1805 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  consul  at 
Valparaiso,  serving  from  1805  to  1809,  and  acting  the 
last  year  as  chary€  d' affaires  at  Chili,  in  the  absence 
of  the  minister. 

Clark,  Amos,  jun.,  was  born  at  Westfield,  New 
Jersey,  November  8,  1827;  received  an  English  edu 
cation;  was  in  business  in  New- York  City,  though 
always  residing  in  Elizabeth,  and  largely  interested 
in  real  estate  there ;  was  a  member  of  the  city  coun 
cil  of  Elizabeth  in  1865  and  1806;  was  elected  State 
senator,  and  served  from  1800  to  1809 ;  was  an  elector 
on  the  Republican  presidential  ticket  for  1872;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,- 
794  votes  against  12,018  votes  for  J.  H.  Patterson, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Clark,  Christopher,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1707;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  several 
times  elected  a  member  of  the  State  legislature;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Eighth 
Congress  as  a  Jeffersonian  Democrat,  in  place  of 
John  Trigg,  deceased;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  November  5,  1804,  until 
he  resigned,  Jxily  1,  1800;  and  died  near  New  Lon 
don,  Virginia,  November  21,  1828. 

Clark,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Stratham,  New 
Hampshire,  October  24,  1809;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1834; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and 


commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1842,  1843,  1840,  1854, 
and  1855;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
New  Hampshire  as  a  Republican  in  place  of  James 
Bell,  deceased;  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1857,  to  July,  1806,  when  he  resigned ;  was 
chosen  president  pro  tempore  during  the  first  session 
of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress;  was  appointed,  iii 
July,  1806,  judge  of  the  United-States  District  Court 
for  the  District  of  New  Hampshire. 

Clark,  Ezra,  jun.,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
moved  to  Hartford ;  was  elected  a  representative  from, 
Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American  Republican,  receiving  8,519  votes  against 
7,852  votes  for  Pratt,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,410  votes 
against  7,973  votes  for  11.  D.  Hubbard,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859; 
received  220  votes  for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
although  not  a  candidate. 

Clark,  Franklin,  was  born  in  Maine;  received 
a  public-school  education;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  at  Wiscasset,  Maine;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  was  an  executive 
councillor  in  1855 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from. 
Maine  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,226  votes  against  4,657  votes  for  F.  H. 
Morse,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849. 

Clark,  Henry  S.,  was  born  in  Beaufort  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1801 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
in  1828;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Washington ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Commons  in  1833,  1834;  waa 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,640  votes  against  3,999  votes  for  R.  S.  Donnell, 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1847. 

Clark,  Horace  P.,  was  born  at  Southbury, 
Connecticut,  in  1815 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Williams  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  the 
city  of  New  York,  where  he  became  prominent  in 
financial,  political,  and  railroad  circles;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,722  votes  against 
3,760  votes  for  Wakeman,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,035 
votes  against  6,338  votes  for  Herrick,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801; 
declined  a  renomination ;  died  in  New- York  City 
June  19,  1873. 

Clark,  James,  was  born  in  Bedford  County, 
Virginia,  in  1779;  removed  when  a  lad,  with  his 
father,  to  Clarke  County,  Kentucky;  received  a  lib 
eral  education;  studied  law  in  Virginia;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Win 
chester,  Kentucky,  in  1797;  was  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  ;  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  in  1810; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Clay  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  without  oppo 
sition,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  1816,  when  he 
resigned;  was  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  1817-1824; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1831; 
was  elected  governor  of  Kentucky  in  1836,  receiving 
8,000  majority;  and  died  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky, 
August  27,  1839. 

Clark,  James  "W.,  was  born  in  Bertie  County, 
North  Carolina,  March  2,  1781;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1790; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  from  Bertie  County  in  1802  and  1803,  and, 
removing  to  Edgecombe  County,  was  elected  there 


332 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


in  1811;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Madison 
ticket  in  1812;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1812,  1813,  and  1814;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  until  March  3,  1817,  and  de 
clining  a  re-election;  was  appointed  by  Secretary 
Branch  chief  clerk  of  the  Navy  Department  in  March, 
1828 ;  resigned,  and  died  at  Washington  City  Janu 
ary,  1844. 

Clark,  John  B.,  jun.,  was  born  at  Fayette,  Mis 
souri,  January  14,  1831;  attended  the  common 
schools;  entered  Missouri  University  at  the  age  of 
fifteen,  but  remained  there  only  two  years ;  studied 
law  under  General  John  B.  Clark  of  Missouri,  and 
afterward  graduated  in  the  law  department  of  Har 
vard  University,  at  Cambridge,  Massachusetts ;  prae- 
tised  law  from  1855  until  he  entered  the  Confed 
erate  army  as  a  lieutenant,  and  was  promoted  succes 
sively  to  he  captain,  major,  colonel,  and  brigadier- 
general;  was  state  and  county  collector  of  Howard 
County;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
17,341  votes  against  8,280  votes  for  M.  L.  De  Motte, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  19,344  votes,  without  opposition ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
21,761  votes  against  9,915  votes  for  M.  L.  De  Motte, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Clark,  John  B.,  was  born  in  Madison  County, 
Kentucky,  April  17,  1802;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Fayette,  Missouri;  was  clerk  of 
the  Howard-county  courts  1824-1834;  commanded  a 
regiment  of  Missouri  mounted  volunteers  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war  1832;  was  commissioned  major- 
general  of  militia  1848;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1850  and  1851 ;  was  com 
mander  of  the  State  force  called  out  to  expel  the 
Mormons  from  Missouri;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  election  of 
James  S.  Green  as  senator;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  without  opposition;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
14,822  votes  against  10,270  votes  for  Hawkins,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  until  he  with 
drew,  and  was  expelled,  July  13,  1801;  served  as  a 
senator  from  Missouri  in  the  First  Confederate  Con 
gress,  and  as  a  representative  in  the  Second  Confed 
erate  Congress ;  was  a  brigadier-general  in  the  Con 
federate  service. 

Clark,  Lincoln,  was  born  in  Hampshire  County, 
Massachusetts,  June  0,  1800 ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ; 
taught  school;  obtained  a  classical  education,  and 
graduated  at  Amherst  College;  studied  law  in  Vir 
ginia,  teaching  as  a  means  of  support;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Pickens 
County,  Alabama ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1834,  1835,  and  1845;  removed 
to  Tuscaloosa  in  1830;  was  appointed  attorney-gen 
eral  in  1839;  was  appointed  United-States  circuit 
judge  in  1840;  removed  in  1848  to  Dubuque,  Iowa; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King 
ticket  in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Iowa  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,923 
votes  against  7,773  votes  for  J.  P.  Cook,  Whig,  and 
serving  from  December  1, 1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  and  resumed  practice. 

Clark,  Lot,  was  born  in  New  York;  resided  at 
Norwich;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Clark,  Robert,  was  born  in  Washington  County, 
New  York;  received  an  academic  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1812- 
1815;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  G, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Clark,  Samuel,  was  born  in  New  York;  was 


elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  removed  to  Michi 
gan,  and  settled  at  Kalamazoo ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,765  votes  against  9,969 
votes  for  Bradley,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,178  votes  against  12,865  votes  for 
Walbridge,  Republican;  died  at  Kalamazoo,  Michi 
gan,  October  2,  1870. 

Clark,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  Dauphin,  Penn 
sylvania;  was  State  treasurer  of  Pennsylvania ;  was 
treasurer  of  the  United  States  1828-1829;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  400  majority  over 
John  C.  Beecher,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 

2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  and  died  at  Dauphin, 
Pennsylvania,  April  28,  1841. 

Clark,  William  T.,  was  born  at  Norwalk,  Con 
necticut,  June  29,  1834;  was  educated  in  Connecti 
cut  and  in  New-York  City ;  taught  school ;  read  law 
in  the  city  of  New  York;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1855, 
and  practised  law  there  until  the  commencement  of 
the  war;  served  in  the  Union  army  in  all  grades  up 
to  brevet  major-general,  and  commanded  a  division 
in  Texas  until  mustered  out  in  1866,  when  he  went 
into  business  at  Galveston;  took  an  active  part  in 
reconstruction,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Texas  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  10,582  votes  against  8,804  for  Elliot,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  18,407  votes  against  17,082  votes  for 
D.  C.  Giddings,  Democrat,  and  409  votes  for  L.  W. 
Stevenson;  claimed  to  have  been  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  but  the  House  decided  that  he 
had  only  received  19,400  votes  against  25,391  votes 
for  D.  C.  Giddings,  Democrat,  and  gave  Giddings  the 
seat;  so  that  he  served  from  March  4,  1867,  to  May 
13,  1872 ;  was  an  officer  of  the  Treasury  Department. 

Clarke,  Archibald  S.,was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York  in  1778;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  suc 
cessively  clerk,  surrogate,  and  judge  of  Saratoga 
County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1813- 
1816;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  in  place  of  Peter  B. 
Porter,  resigned,  serving  from  December  2,  1810,  to 
March  3,  1817 ;  died  at  Clarence,  New  York,  Decem 
ber  4,  1821. 

Clarke,  Bayard,  was  born  in  New  York  March 
17,  1815;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Geneva  College ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  attache  to  General  Cass,  minister  to 
France,  1830-1840;  studied  at  the  Royal  Cavalry 
School;  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the 
Eighth  Infantry,  March  3,  1841 ;  was  transferred,  in 
September,  1841,  to  the  Second  Dragoons,  and  resigned 
December  15,  1843;  settled  in  Westchester  County, 
New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American 
Whig,  receiving  7,704  votes  against  2,038  votes  for 
Whiting,  Democrat,  and  2,540  votes  for  Brandreth, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 

3,  1857. 

Clarke,  Beverly  L.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1841,  1842;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1849; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,201 
votes  against  5,065  votes  for  Todd,  Whig,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  minister  to  Guate 
mala,  and  was  also  accredited  to  Honduras,  serving 
from  January  7,  1858,  until  his  death,  at  Guatemala, 
March  17,  1860. 

Clarke,  Charles  E.,  was  born  at  Great  Bend, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


333 


New  York  April  8,  1790 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1839,  1840;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,036  votes  against 
4,427  votes  for  W.  Ives,  Democrat,  and  2,024  votes 
for  Dann,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 1849, 
to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candi 
date  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,058 
votes  against  5,477  votes  for  W.  Ivcs,  Democrat;  died 
at  Great  Bend,  New  York,  December  29,  1803. 

Clarke,  Daniel,  became  a  resident  at  New 
Orleans,  and  was  a  delegate  from  the  Territory  of 
Orleans  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1800,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Clarke,  Freeman,  was  born  at  Troy,  New  York, 
March  22,  1809;  commenced  active  life  as  a  mer 
chant,  but  was  engaged  for  thirty-five  years  in  the 
banking-business  and  as  an  officer  of  railroad  compa 
nies;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1850;  was  appoint 
ed  comptroller  of  the  currency  in  the  United-States 
Treasury  Department  in  1805 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1807;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,193  votes 
against  10,470  votes  for  Church,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805;  and  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
13,844  votes  against  11,187  votes  for  J.  II.  White, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Clarke,  John  B.,  was  born  near  Augusta, Bracken 
County,  Kentucky,  April  14,  1833;  was  educated  at 
Augusta;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  April,  1854;  was  elected  county  attorney  for 
Bracken  County  in  August,  1858,  for  the  term  of 
four  years ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Ken 
tucky,  in  August,  1807,  from  the  twenty-sixth  sena 
torial  district,  composed  of  the  counties  of  Bracken, 
Pendlcton,  and  Grant;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  9,324  votes  against  0,320  votes 
for  John  Means,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,400  votes  against 
10,501  votes  for  Doming,  Republican,  and  serving 
from  December  6,  1875. 

Clarke,  John  C.,  was  born  in  Connecticut, 
March  8,  1793;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Williams  College  in  1811 ;  removed  to  Chc- 
nango  County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  Assembly  in  1820;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  until 
March  3,  1829;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  but  changed  front  on  the 
appearance  of  President  Van  Buren's  message  in 
1837;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as 
a  Whig  by  1,000  majority,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
September  4, 1837,  until  March  3, 1843 ;  was  appointed 
first  auditor  of  the  treasury  August  2,  1849,  but  only 
served  until  October  31,  1849;  died  in  1852. 

Clarke,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Elizabethtown, 
New  Jersey,  in  1791;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1809;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice 
at  Providence;  engaged  in  manufacturing;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island  as 
a  Whig,  serving  from  December  0,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1853;  and  died  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  1870. 

Clarke,  Reader  Wright,  was  born  at  Bethel, 
Ohio,  May  18,  1812;  received  a  thorough  education, 
and  learned  the  art  of  printing;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law;  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  legislature  in 
1840,  1841,  and  1842;  was  presidential  elector  in  1844; 
was  clerk  of  the  court  of  Clermont  County  from  1840 
until  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  12,015  votes  against  10,174  votes  for  C.  A.  White, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 


as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,846  votes  against  12,267 
votes  for  Howard,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809 ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  third  auditor  of  the  treasury,  serving  from 
March  20,  1809,  to  March  20,  1870 ;  was  appointed  a 
collector  of  internal  revenue  in  Ohio ;  and  died  Alay 
23,  1872. 

Clarke,  Sidney,  was  born  at  Southbridge, 
Massachusetts,  October  10,  1831 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  selected  the  editorial  profession, 
and  published  "The  Southbridge  Press;"  went  to 
Kansas,  and  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  that 
State  in  1802;  served  as  captain  and  as  assistant 
provost  marshal-general  in  the  war  for  the  suppres 
sion  of  the  Rebellion;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kansas  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  19,202  votes  against  8,100  for  Blair,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  29,324  votes  against  13,909  votes  for  Blair, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1805,  to  March 
3,  1871. 

Clarke,  Staley  N.,  resided  at  Ellicottsville, 
Cattaraugus  County,  New  York,  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,909  votes 
against  5,789  votes  for  B.  Chamberlain,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Clarkson,  Matthew,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
and  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  serving  from  1785  to  1786. 

Clawson,  Isaiah  D.,  was  born  at  Woodstown, 
New  Jersey,  March  30,  1822;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1840; 
studied  medicine,  receiving  his  degree  of  M.D.  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1843;  commenced 
practice  at  Woodstown,  New  Jersey;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1853 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,209 
votes  against  4,385  votes  for  Mulford,  Democrat, 
and  3,949  votes  for  Hazleton,  Temperance;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  9,073  votes  against  7,351  votes  for  Hineline, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 1855,  to  March 
3,  1859. 

Clay,  Brutus  J.,  was  born  in  Madison  County, 
Kentucky,  July  1,  1808;  received  a  liberal  education 
at  Danville  College,  and  became  a  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser  in  Bourbon  County,  Kontucky ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1840 
and  1860;  was  president  of  the  Bourbon-county 
Agricultural  Society,  and  president  of  the  State 
Agricultural  Society  of  Kentucky  1853-1857;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving 
4,711  votes  against  2,487  votes  for  Boyle,  Unionist, 
and  2,143  votes  for  the  Democratic  candidate,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  devoted 
himself  to  agricultural  pursuits. 

Clay,  Clement  Comer  (father  of  C.  C.  Clay, 
jun. ) ,  was  born  in  Halifax  County,  Virginia,  Decem 
ber  17,  1789;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809,  and 
removed  in  1811  to  Huntsvillc,  Alabama,  where  he 
commenced  practice ;  served  in  the  war  against  the 
Creek  Indians,  1813;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial 
Council  of  Alabama  in  1817;  was  elected  a  judge  of 
the  Circuit  Court  in  1819,  and  chief  justice  in  1820, 
resigning  in  1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  of  Alabama  in  1827 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 
3,  1835;  was  governor  of  Alabama  in  1830-1837;  was 
elected  a  senator  in  Congress  from  Alabama  to  fill  a 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  McKinley 
(appointed  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States),  and  served  from  September  4,  1837. 
until  he  resigned  in  the  fall  of  1841 ;  was  judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court  in.  1843  for  a  few  months ;  codi- 


334 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIKECTOE-Y. 


fied  the  laws  of  Alabama  in  1842-1843 ;  and  died  at 
Huntsvillc,  Alabama,  September  7,  1866. 

Clay,  Clement  Coiner,  jun.  (son  of  C.  C. 
Clay),  was  born  at  Madison,  Alabama,  in  1819;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Alabama ;  studied  at  the  law  department 
of  the  University  of  Virginia,  graduating  in  1839; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Huntsville,  Alabama;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Alabama  in 
1842,  1844,  and  1845 ;  was  judge  of  the  county  court 
of  Madison  County  1845-1850;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in  1852;  was 
an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Congress  in  1853;  was 
elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a  Democrat  in 
1853,  and  unanimously  re-elected  in  1859;  withdrew 
from  the  United-States  Senate  December  10,  1860; 
was  elected  to  the  Confederate-States  Senate  in  1861, 
and  served  until  1863;  was  appointed  a  diplomatic 
agent  of  the  Confederate  States;  was  arrested  in 
1865,  and  imprisoned  in  Fortress  Monroe;  devoted 
himself  to  agricultural  pursuits  on  his  plantation  in 
Jackson  County,  Alabama. 

Clay,  Henry,  was  born  in  Hanover  County,  Vir 
ginia,  April  12,  1777;  was  reared  on  a  farm,  receiving 
a  scanty  public-school  education ;  when  fifteen  years 
of  age,  entered  the  office  of  Mr.  Tinsley,  clerk  of  the 
Court  of  Chancery  at  Richmond,  where  he  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  November,  1797,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lexington,  Kentucky ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1803;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Ken 
tucky  in  place  of  John  Adair,  resigned,  serving  from 
December  29,  1806,  to  March  3,  1807;  was  again 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1808  and  1809,  serving  the  last  year  as 
speaker ;  was  again  elected  United-States  senator  in 
place  of  Buckner  Thurston,  resigned,  serving  from 
February  5,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Congress  in  the  Twelfth  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
serving  as  speaker  from  November  4,  1811,  until  he 
resigned,  January  19,  1814;  was  appointed  one  of  the 
commissioners  to  negotiate  a  treaty  of  peace  with 
Great  Britain;  was  again  elected  representative  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  serving  as 
speaker  from  December  4,  1815,  until  he  resigned, 
October  20,  1820;  was  again  elected  a  representative 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  as  speaker  from 
December  1,  1823,  until  March  3, 1825 ;  was  appointed 
by  President  John  Quincy  Adams  secretary  of  state 
1825-1829;  was  again  elected  United-States  senator, 
and  re-elected,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  until 
lie  resigned,  March  31,  1842;  was  defeated  as  the 
Whig  candidate  for  President  by  Andrew  Jackson  in 
1842,  and  again  by  James  K.  Polk  in  1844;  was  again 
elected  United-States  senator,  serving  from  December 
3,  1849,  until  he  died,  at  Washington  City,  June  29, 
1852.  He  declined  the  mission  to  Russia  and  a 
place  in  the  cabinet  offered  him  by  President  Madi 
son,  and  the  mission  to  Great  Britain  and  a  place 
in  the  cabinet  offered  him  by  President  Monroe. 
He  fought  duels  with  Humphrey  Marshall  of  Ken 
tucky  and  John  Randolph  of  Virginia. 

Clay,  James  Brown  (son  of  Henry  Clay),  was 
born  at  Washington  City,  November  9,  1817 ;  received 
a  liberal  education  at  Transylvania  University;  was 
a  clerk  in  a  counting-house  at  Boston  1832-1834; 
was  on  a  farm  near  St.  Louis  1834-1838;  returned 
to  Kentucky;  studied  law,  graduating  at  the  Lex 
ington  Law  School,  and  commenced  practice  in 
partnership  with  his  father;  was  chanji:  d'affaires 
to  Portugal  from  August  1,  1849,  to  July  19,  1850; 
resided  in  Missouri  1851-1852;  returned  to  Kentucky 
after  the  death  of  his  father,  from  whom  he  inherited 
the  estate  known  as  "Ashland,"  near  Lexington; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,577 
votes  against  ((,451  votes  for  Hanson,  American,  and 


serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859; 
was  a  member  of  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861 ;  iden 
tified  himself  with  the  Southern  Confederacy;  and 
died  at  Montreal,  Canada,  January  26,  1864. 

Clay,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Savannah,  Georgia; 
took  an  active  part  in  the  ante-Revolutionary  move 
ments;  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  in  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1778-1780;  served  in  the  Revolution 
ary  army  as  paymaster  of  the  Southern  Department ; 
was  judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  the  Dis 
trict  of  Georgia  1796-1801;  and  died  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  January  16,  1805. 

Clay,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  in  the  Eighth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  to  1808,  when  he  resigned. 

Clay,  Matthew,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth, 
Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and 
Twelfth  Congresses,  generally  without  opposition, 
and  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1813; 
died  in  1815. 

Clayton,  Augustin  Smith,  was  born  at  Fred- 
ericksburg,  Virginia,  November  27, 1783.  His  parents 
removed  to  Georgia  when  he  was  one  year  old.  He 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Franklin 
College  in  1804;  studied  law  under  Judge  Carnes; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Wilkes  County,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Franklin  County,  but,  at  the 
expiration  of  one  year,  removed  to  Athens ;  was  se 
lected  by  the  legislature  in  1810  to  compile  the 
statutes  of  Georgia  from  1800;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  ;  was 
elected  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  in  1819,  and 
re-elected  in  1822 ;  was  defeated  when  a  candidate  in 
1825 ;  was  re-elected  in  1828,  and  was  defeated  when 
a  candidate  in  1831;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
State-rights  Democrat  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Governor  Lumpkins),  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving 
from  January  21,  1832,  to  March  3,  1835.  After 
having  been  for  many  years  sceptical  upon  religious 
subjects,  he  became  converted,  and  joined  the  Meth 
odist-Episcopal  Church  in  1838.  He  died  at  Athens, 
Georgia,  of  paralysis,  June  21,  1839.  He  published 
"  The  Laws  of  Georgia,"  "  The  Mysterious  Picture," 
"The  Life  of  David  Crockett,"  and  a  number  of 
political  essays  signed  "  Atticus." 

Clayton,  Charles,  was  born  in  England  in  1825; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  came  to  Wiscon 
sin  in  1842 ;  crossed  the  Rocky  Mountains  to  Oregon 
in  1847;  arrived  in  San  Francisco  in  April,  1848;  was 
alcalde  in  Santa  Clara  in  1849-1850;  built  the  Santa- 
Clara  flour-mills  in  1852;  removed  to  San  Francisco 
in  1853;  engaged  in  the  grain  and  flour  business 
there;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  from 
San  Francisco  in  1863,  1864,  1865,  and  1866;  was  a 
member  of  the  board  of  supervisors  (aldermen)  of 
San  Francisco  from  1864  until  1869;  was  appointed 
by  President  Grant,  March  16,  1870,  surveyor  of  cus 
toms  of  the  port  and  district  of  San  Francisco;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  California  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,943 
votes  against  10,888  votes  for  W.  A.  Piper,  Democrat. 

Clayton,  John  Middleton,  was  born  in  Sus 
sex  County,  Delaware,  July  24,  1796;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1815;  studied  law  at  the  Litchiicld  Law  School;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Dover;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1824;  was  secretary  of  state  of  Dela 
ware;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Dela 
ware,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  December  7,  1829, 
to  1836;  was  chief  justice  of  Delaware  1837-1839; 
was  again  elected  United-States  senator,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  his  resignation  March  (J, 
1819;  was  appointed  secretary  of  state  by  President 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


335 


Taylor,  serving  from  March  1,  1849,  to  July  22,  1850; 
was  again  elected  United-States  senator,  serving 
from  March  4,  1853,  until  he  died  at  Dover,  Dela 
ware,  November  9,  1856. 

Clayton,  Joshua,  was  born  in  Delaware;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education;  studied  medicine  at  Phila 
delphia,  and  practised  at  Middletown,  Delaware;  was 
president  of  Delaware  1789-1793;  was  governor  of 
the  State  of  Delaware  1793-1798 ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Delaware  (in  place  of  John 
Vining,  resigned),  serving  from  February  19,  1798, 
to  July  16,  1798;  died  at  his  residence  near  Middle- 
town,  Delaware,  August  11,  1798. 

Clayton,  Powell,  was  born  in  Delaware  County, 
Pennsylvania,  August  7,  1833;  received  a  common- 
echool  education,  and  was  afterward  at  Partridge's 
Military  Academy,  Bristol,  Pennsylvania;  studied 
civil  engineering  at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  and  fol 
lowed  it  as  a  profession ;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
Kansas  May  29,  1861,  as  captain  of  the  First  Kan 
sas  Infantry;  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  Fifth  Kansas  Cavalry  in  February,  1862 ;  was  ap 
pointed  colonel  of  the  same  regiment  in  March, 
1862,  and  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  in 
August,  1864 ;  settled  in  Arkansas  at  the  close  of  the 
war  as  a  planter ;  was  elected  governor  in  1868 ;  and 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Arkansas  as 
a  Republican  (to  succeed  A.  McDonald,  Republican), 
serving  from  March  25,  1871,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Clayton,  Thomas,  was  born  at  New  Castle, 
Delaware,  March  9,  1758;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  New  Castle;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Delaware  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature ;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  (in  the  place  of  Ca3sar 
A.  Rodney,  resigned),  serving  from  January  15,  1824, 
to  March  3,  1827;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Delaware 
Court  of  Common  Pleas;  was  again  elected  United- 
States  senator  (in  place  of  John  M.  Clayton,  resigned), 
serving  from  January  19,  1837,  to  March  3,  1847;  was 
chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Delaware; 
died  at  New  Castle,  Delaware,  August  21,  1854. 

Cleaveland,  Jesse  P.,  was  born  at  Decatur, 
Georgia;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat,  receiving  30,811 
votes  against  27.947  votes  for  Gamble,  State-rights 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839; 
removed  to  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in  the  fall 
of  1839,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  died  at 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  May  19,  1841. 

Clemens,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Huntsville, 
Alabama,  December  28,  1814;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Alabama 
in  1833;  studied  law  at  Transylvania  University,  Ken 
tucky;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834,  and  prac 
tised  at  Huntsville;  was  appointed  United-States 
marshal  for  the  northern  district  of  Alabama  in 
1838;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1839-1841;  raised  a  company  of  riflemen 
and  served  in  the  Texas  war  of  independence  in 
1842 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1843-1844;  served  in  the  Mexican  war, 
and  was  appointed  major  of  the  Thirteenth  United- 
States  Infantry  March  3,  1847 ;  promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Ninth  United-States  Infantry  July  16, 
1847;  disbanded  July  20,  1848;  was  appointed  in  1848 
chief  of  the  depot  of  purchases  in  Mexico ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Alabama  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  which  voted  Ala 
bama  out  of  the  Union  in  1861,  but  protested  against 
its  action;  held  office  under  the  Southern  Confed 
eracy;  advocated  the  re-election  of  President  Lincoln 
in  1864;  removed  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  and  became 
editor  of  "  The  Memphis  Eagle  and  Enquirer,"  Jan 
uary  1.  1859;  returned  to  Alabama,  and  died  at 


Huntsville  May  25,  1865.  He  published  "Bernard 
Lile,"  "Mustang  Gray,"  and  "  Tobias  Wilson." 

Clemens,  Sherrard,  was  born  at  Wheeling, 
Virginia,  April  28,  1826;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Washington  College ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Wheeling ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (in  place  of  George 
W.  Thompson,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
506  majority,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1852, 
to  March  3,  1853;  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1856  on  the  Buchanan  and  Brcckinridge  ticket;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,074  votes 
against  2,821  votes  for  Dunnington,  American;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  without 
opposition.  His  second  term  of  service  was  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  but  a  wound 
received  in  a  duel  with  Mr.  Wise  in  1859  prevented 
his  attending  the  second  session  of  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress. 

Clements,  Andrew  J.,  was  born  in  Jackson 
County,  Tennessee,  in  1832;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  medicine ;  received  the  degree  of 
M.D.  from  the  University  of  Tennessee  in  1858,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lafayette ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Unionist,  serving  from  January  13, 
1862,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1866. 

Clements,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Franklin  County, 
Indiana,  in  1837;  graduated  at  the  Indiana  Asbury 
University  at  Greencastle  in  1859,  paying  his  own 
way  by  teaching  school ;  studied  law  with  John  A. 
Matson  of  Greencastle  ;  removed  to  Illinois,  and 
taught  school  to  raise  money  for  the  purchase  of  law- 
books;  entered  the  Union  army  as  second  lieutenant 
of  Company  G,  Ninth  Illinois  Infantry,  in  July, 
1861 ;  remained  in  the  service  over  three  years,  dur 
ing  which  he  was  wounded  three  times,  and  was 
twice  promoted;  was  appointed  register  in  bank 
ruptcy  in  June,  1867 ;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  12,999  votes  against  11,278 
votes  for  G.  W.  Wall,  Democrat  and  Liberal,  serving 
from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3, 1875;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  9,280  votes  against  10,866  votes 
for  W.  Hartzcll,  Democrat  and  Reformer. 

Clendenen,  David,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  in  place 
of  Rezin  Beall,  resigned ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  22, 
1814,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Cleveland,  Chauncey  F.,  was  born  at  Hamp 
ton,  Connecticut,'  in  1799;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1819,  and  commenced  practice  at  Hampton;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1826,  1827,  1828, 
1829,  1832,  1835,  1836,  1838,  1847,  and  1848,  serving 
two  years  as  speaker  of  the  House;  was  governor  of 
Connecticut  in  1842-1843;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  6,140  votes  against  5,992  votes 
for  Rockwell,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-second  Congress,  receiving  6,261  votes  against 
5,810  votes  for  Ames,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket  in  1860,  and  a 
member  of  the  Peace  Congress  in  1861. 

Cleveland,  Orestes,  was  born  in  Duanesburg, 
Schenectady  County,  New  York,  March  2,  1829;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits  in  New- York  City,  and  afterwards 
became  a  manufacturer  in  Jersey  City;  was  elected 
alderman  in  1801,  and  was  president  of  the  board 
in  1862;  elected  mayor  in  1864,  re-elected  in  1865 
and  1866,  and  in  1867  was  assured  that  no  Repub 
lican  candidate  would  oppose  him  if  he  would 
accept  the  unanimous  nomination  tendered  by  his 


336 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


own  party,  but  refused,  and  the  city  went  back  to 
the  Republicans ;  in  1804  the  city  exhausted  its  au 
thority  to  issue  bonds  for  bounties,  and  he  borrowed 
large  amounts  with  unauthorized  bonds  by  attach 
ing  his  individual  guaranty,  furnishing  promptly  all 
the  men  required ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  19,110  votes  against  16,802  votes  for  Ilalsey, 
Republican,  and  serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1871;  was  defeated  as  Democratic  candi 
date  for  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  14,094 
votes  against  18,092  votes  for  George  A.  Ilalsey,  Re 
publican,  and  030  votes  for  Fitzpatrick,  Independent. 

Clever,  Charles  P.,  was  born  at  Cologne,  Prus 
sia,  February  23,  1830;  was  educated  at  the  Gymna 
sium  of  Cologne  and  the  University  of  Bonn ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico;  held  several  territorial 
offices,  and  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Mexico  in  the  Fortieth  Congress ;  but 
the  House  decided,  nem.  con.,  that  he  had  only  re 
ceived  8,307  votes,  and  gave  the  scat  to  J.  Francisco 
Cleaves,  who  had  received  8,(59G  votes,  so  that  he 
served  from  March  4, 1807,  to  February  20,  1869.  He 
published  "  The  Resources  of  New  Mexico  "  in  1868. 

Clifford,  Nathan,  was  born  at  Rumney,  New 
Hampshire,  August  18,  1803;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  York  County,  Maine,  in 
1827;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Eepresentatives  1830-1834,  serving  the  two  last  years 
as  speaker;  was  attorney-general  of  Maine  1834-1838; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,568  votes  against  4,560  votes  for  Nathan  D.  Apple- 
ton,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  900  majority  over  Daniel  Goode- 
now,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 1839,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  attorney- 
general  of  the  United  States,  serving  from  December 
23,  1846,  to  March  17,  1848;  was  commissioner  to 
Mexico,  with  the  rank  of  envoy  extraordinary  and 
minister  plenipotentiary,  from  March  18,  1848,  to 
September  6,  1849;  resumed  practice  at  Portland, 
Maine ;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  asso 
ciate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States  January  28,  1858.  He  published  "United- 
States  Circuit-Court  Reports,"  in  two  volumes,  1869. 

Clif  t,  Joseph  Wales,  was  born  at  North  Marsh- 
field,  Massachusetts,  September  1,  1836;  received  an 
education  at  the  common  school  and  Phillips 
Academy;  learned  a  carpenter's  trade;  united  with 
the  Congregational  Church  in  1855;  entered  the 
Union  army;  was  acting-surgeon  United-States  army 
from  July  13,  1862,  to  August  7,  1805,  serving  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  until  November  18,  1866 ;  prac 
tised  medicine  in  Savannah;  was  appointed  registrar 
of  the  city  of  Savannah  by  Major-General  John 
Pope  under  the  reconstruction  acts;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,980  votes  against  8,140 
votes  for  Fitch,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  July  25, 
1868,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Clinch,  Duncan  L.,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina  in  1798;  entered  the  United-States  army  as  first 
lieutenant  July  1,  1808,  and  was  gradually  promoted 
until  he  became  colonel  of  the  Eighth  infantry  in 
April,  1819;  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  April  20, 
1829;  commanded  at  and  won  the  battle  of  Withla- 
wochce  against  the  Seminole  Indians  December  31, 
1835;  resigned  September  21,  1830,  and  settled  on  a 
plantation  near  St.  Mary's,  Georgia;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Whig  by  over  4,000  majority  (to  iill  a 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  John  Millen), 
and  served  from  February  15,  1844,  to  March  3,  1845; 
died  at  Macon,  Georgia,  November  21,  1849. 

Clingan,  William,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  delegate  from  that  State  in  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1777-1779. 


Clingman,  Thomas  L.,  wasborn  at  Huntsville, 

North  Carolina;  received  a  classical  education;  grad 
uated  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1832; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  practice;  was  elected 
to  the  State  House  of  Commons  in  1835 ;  removed  to 
Ashville,  Buncombe  County,  in  1830;  was  elected 
State  senator  in  1840;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
3,817  votes  against  2,888  votes  for  Graham,  Demo 
crat,  and  served  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845;  was  defeated  by  Graham  in  1845;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  4,550 
votes  against  3,426  votes  for  Bynum,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,231 
votes  against  1,146  scattering  votes;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  an  Independent  can 
didate,  receiving  6,500  votes  against  2,819  votes  for 
Gaither,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  7,546  votes  against  5,214  votes  for 
Gaither;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,079  votes  against 
0,584  votes  for  Carmichacl,  Know-Nothing ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,673  votes  against  3,759  scattering 
votes ;  was  appointed  to  the  United-States  Senate  as 
a  Democrat  to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
resignation  of  Asa  Bigs,  and  was  elected  for  six  years 
after  March  4, 1861 ;  withdrew  from  the  United-States 
Senate  January  21,  1861,  after  having  served  contin 
uously  since  December  0,  1847 ;  was  appointed,  May 
17, 1802,  brigadier-general  in  the  Confederate  service, 
commanding  a  brigade  composed  of  the  Eighth, 
Thirty-first,  Fifty-first,  and  Sixty-first  North-Carolina 
Infantry. 

Clinton,  De  Witt,  was  bom  at  Little  Britain, 
New  York,  March  2,  1709;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1786;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1788,  but  did  not 
practise  much;  was  private  secretary  to  his  uncle, 
Governor  George  Clinton,  1790-1795;  was  made  a 
Freemason  in  Holland  Lodge  in  1793,  and  rose  to  be 
Grand  Master  of  New  York  in  1800,  Grand  High 
Priest  in  1816,  and  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  En 
campment  in  1816;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1798,  and  State  senator  in 
1799-1802;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
New  York  as  a  Democrat  in  place  of  John  Arm 
strong,  resigned,  serving  from  Februrary  23,  1802,  to 
1803,  when  he  resigned ;  fought  a  duel  with  Samuel 
Swartwout  in  July,  1802,  after  a  political  controversy; 
was  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  1803-1807 ;  was 
again  State  senator  1806-1811;  was  again  mayor  of 
the  city  of  New  York  1810-1811;  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  New  York  1811-1813;  was  defeated  in 
1812  as  the  Peace  candidate  for  president  of  the 
United  States,  receiving  89  electoral  votes  against  128 
votes  for  James  Madison,  Avar  Democrat ;  was  again 
mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  1811-1814;  initiated 
the  Erie  Canal  in  1815,  and  served  several  years  as 
canal  commissioner;  was  governor  of  the  State  of 
New  York  1817-1822  and  1824-1827 ;  was  prominent 
in  the  establishment  of  the  New-York  Historical  So 
ciety,  the  Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  and  the  Orphan 
Asylum;  declined  the  mission  to  Great  Britain, 
tendered  him  by  President  John  Quiucy  Adams; 
died  at  Albany,  New  York,  February  11,  1828.  Pub 
lished  "Letters  on  the  Natural  History  and  Internal 
Resources  of  the  State  of  New  York,"  and  several 
papers  on  historical  topics  and  internal  improve 
ments. 

Clinton,  George,  was  born  in  Ulster  County, 
New  York,  July  20, 1739 ;  received  a  liberal  education ; 
made  a  cruise  in  a  privateer;  served  as  a  lieutenant 
of  rangers  in  the  expedition  against  Fort  Frontenac; 
studied  law  with  William  Smith;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Ulster  County;  was 
a  delegate  from  New  York  in  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1775-1777,  but  was  a  part  of  the  time  in  the  field 
as  brigadier-general  of  militia;  was  appointed  brig 
adier-general  by  Congress  March  25,  1777;  was  gov- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


387 


ernor  of  New  York  1777-1795 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  which  ratified  the  Federal  Consti 
tution,  and  its  president;  was  defeated  as  the  State- 
rights  candidate  for  the  vice-presidency  in  1790,  re 
ceiving  50  electoral  votes  against  77  electoral  votes 
for  John  Adams,  4  for  Jefferson,  and  1  for  Burr; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1800;  was  again  governor  of  New  York 
1801-1804;  was  elected  vice-president  in  1804  as  a 
State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  162  electoral  votes 
against  14  electoral  votes  for  Rufus  King;  and  was 
re-elected  in  1808,  receiving  118  electoral  votes  against 
47  electoral  votes  for  Rufus  King,  3  for  James  Madi 
son,  and  3  for  James  Monroe ;  and  died  at  Washing 
ton  City,  April  20,  1812. 

Clinton,  George,  jun.,  was  born  in  New- York 
City;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1801-1802 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress  in  place  of  Samuel 
L.  Mitchill,  elected  senator;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  14,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Clinton,  James  G.,  was  born  at  Newburgh, 
New  York;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sev 
enth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,867  votes 
against  4,343  votes  for  Thomas  McKissock,  Whig; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  5,563  votes  against  4,439  votes  for  Wheeler, 
Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Clopton,  David,  was  born  in  Georgia  in  1820; 
removed  to  Tuskegee,  Alabama ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  6,880 
votes  against  6,666  votes  for  T.  J.  Judge,  American 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  Janu 
ary  21,  1861,  when  he  retired  from  the  House ;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  First  and  Second  Con 
federate  Congresses  1862-1864. 

Clopton,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  his  seat  being  unsuccess 
fully  contested  by  Burwcll  Bassett ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 1795, 
to  March  3,  1799 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seventh 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth 
(receiving  164  majority  over  Peyton  Randolph), 
Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  7, 1801,  to  September 
11,  1816,  when  he  died. 

Clowney,  William  K.?  was  born  in  Union 
County,  South  Carolina;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  South-Carolina  College  in 
1818;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Union  Court  House;  was 
commissioner  in  equity  of  South  Carolina  1830- 
1833 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Nullifier, 
receiving  4,564  votes  against  4,339  votes  for  Thomas 
Williams,  Unionist,  and  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as  the  State- 
rights  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  4,038  votes  against  4,213  votes  for  James 
Rogers,  Unionist ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  candidate,  defeating 
James  Rogers,  Unionist,  and  serving  from  September 
4,  18o7,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  State- 
rights  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  by 
James  Rogers,  Unionist. 

Clymer,  George,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1739 ;  received  an  English  education, 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  prominent 
in  the  ante-Revolutionary  movements;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1776-1778  and  1780-1783;  was  a  member  of  the  Penn 
sylvania  legislature  in  1784;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
convention  that  framed  the  Federal  Constitution; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  First  Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to 
March  3,  1791;  was  appointed  collector  of  excise 


duties  in  1791,  but  resigned  after  the  "Whiskey  In 
surrection  ; "  was  one  of  the  commissioners  who  nego 
tiated  a  treaty  with  the  Cherokecs  and  the  Creeks 
June  29,  1796;  retired  from  public  life,  but  was  in 
terested  in  agriculture,  the  fine  arts,  and  finance; 
died  at  Morrisville,  Pennsylvania,  January  23,  1813. 

Clymer,  Hiester,  was  born  at  Caernarvon, 
Pennsylvania,  November  3,  1827;  received  his  pri 
mary  education  in  the  schools  of  Reading,  and  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College,  New  Jersey,  in  1847; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Berks 
County  in  1849 ;  pursued  his  profession  in  that  county 
until  1851,  when  he  removed  to  Pottsvillc,  Schuylkill 
County,  and  there  practised  until  1856,  when  he  re 
turned  to  Reading ;  in  January,  1860,  by  appointment 
of  the  judges  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  he  rep 
resented  Berks  County  in  the  Board  of  Revenue  Com 
missioners  of  the  State,  and  in  the  same  year  he  rep 
resented  his  district  in  the  National  Democratic  Con 
vention,  which  held  its  sessions  at  Charleston  and 
Baltimore;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Pennsylvania  from  October,  1860,  until  he  resigned, 
when  nominated,  in  March,  1866,  as  Democratic  can 
didate  for  governor  of  Pennsylvania;  in  1868  he  again 
represented  his  district  in  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  which  met  at  New  York ;  in  1870  he  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Geary  a  member  of  the  State 
Board  of  Public  Charities;  visited  Europe  in  1870- 
1871 ;  was  president  of  the  Democratic  State  Conven 
tion  which  met  at  Reading  in  May,  1872 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,854  votes 
against  7,783  votes  for  J.  Millholland,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  10,553  votes  against  5,358  votes  for  McKnight, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,239  votes  against  6,213  votes  for 
Markley,  Republican,  serving  from  December  1, 1873. 

Cobb,  Amasa,  was  born  in  Crawford  County, 
Illinois,  September  27,  1823;  received  a  public-school 
education;  went  to  Wisconsin  Territory  in  1842;  was 
engaged  in  lead-mining;  served  in  the  United-States 
army  as  a  private  in  the  Mexican  war,  during  which 
he  studied  law,  and  afterwards  commenced  practice; 
was  district-attorney  from  1850  until  1854;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1855 
and  1856;  was  adjutant-general  of  Wisconsin  from 
1855  until  1858;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1860  and  1861,  serving  the  last 
year  as  speaker ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  colonel 
of  the  Fifth  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  which  he  had 
raised,  and  subsequently,  during  a  recess  of  Con 
gress,  as  colonel  of  the  Forty-third  Wisconsin  Volun 
teers,  which  he  had  also  raised,  serving  with  such 
gallantry  as  to  receive  the  brevet  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  11,921  votes  against  9,249  votes  for  Simpson, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,753  votes  against  8,436  votes  for 
C.  A.  Rodolph,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,006 
votes  against  7,655  votes  for  Virgin,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
17,903  votes  against  11,162  votes  for  Passmore,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1871. 

Cobb,  Clinton  L.,  was  born  at  Elizabeth  City, 
North  Carolina,  August  25,  1842;  he  attended  school 
until  he  was  thirteen  years  of  age,  and  then  went 
into  a  counting-room;  studied  law,  and  obtained  a 
license  to  practise  in  1867;  was  a  candidate  for  the 
legislature  in  1866,  but  was  defeated  on  the  Howard 
Amendment ;  was  an  Independent  candidate  for  Con 
gress  in  1868,  but  withdrew  in  favor  of  J.  R.  French ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,476  votes  against  11,893  votes  for  Barnes,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as 
the  regular  Republican  candidate  by  5,000  majority 


338 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


over  T.  Morgan,  Independent  Republican ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,- 
620  votes  against  12,101  votes  for  D.  M.  Carter,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1875 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,590  votes  against 
14,071  votes  for  Jesse  j.  Yeates,  Democrat. 

Cobb,  David,  was  born  at  Attlcborough,  Massa 
chusetts,  September  14,  1748;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  17(30; 
studied  medicine  at  Boston  with  Dr.  Perkins;  was 
licensed,  and  practised  at  Taunton,  Massachusetts; 
was  an  ardent  revolutionist,  and  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Congress  in  1775;  was  lieutenant-colonel 
of  Jackson's  regiment  in  1777-1778,  serving  in  Rhode 
Island  and  New  Jersey,  and  was  for  some  years  a 
member  of  Washington's  military  family;  after  the 
close  of  the  war,  he  resumed  practice  at  Taunton; 
was  appointed  major-general  of  militia,  and  also 
judge  of  the  Bristol-county  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
declaring,  during  Shays' s  rebellion,  that  he  "  would 
sit  as  a  judge,  or  die  as  a  general;"  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Third 
Congress  as  a  Federalist  on  a  general  ticket,  serving 
from  December  2, 1793,  until  March  3,  1795 ;  removed 
in  179G  to  Maine,  where  he  devoted  himself  to  agri 
culture  ;  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  Massachusetts 
from  the  Eastern  District  of  Maine  in  1802,  and 
served  as  president;  was  elected  to  the  State  Council 
in  1808;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  in  1809; 
was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Military  Defence  in 
1812;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Hancock-county  Court 
of  Common  Pleas ;  returned  to  Taunton  in  1817,  and 
died  there  April  17,  1830. 

Cobb,  George  T.,  was  born  at  Morristown, 
New  Jersey;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,789  votes  against 
9,711  votes  for  Edsall,  Republican,  and  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Cobb,  Howell  (uncle  of  Ho  well  Cobb),  was 
born  at  Granville,  North  Carolina;  removed  to  Geor 
gia,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  served  in 
the  United-States  army  as  ensign  and  captain  1793- 
1806;  was, elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Tenth  Congress  on  a  general  ticket;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Congresses, 
serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  1812,  when  he  re 
signed  to  accept  a  captain's  commission  in  the 
United-States  army;  served  through  the  war  with 
Great  Britain;  resigned  when  peace  was  declared, 
and  resided  on  his  plantation  until  his  death  in 
1820. 

Cobb,  Howell,  was  born  at  Cherry  Hill,  G>eor- 
gia,  September  7,  1815;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Franklin  College  in  1834 ;  studied 
law  with  Judge  Harden;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Athens,  Georgia,  in  1836; 
was  chosen  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren 
and  Johnson  ticket  in  1836;  was  solicitor-general  of 
the  western  judicial  circuit  of  Georgia  1837-1841; 
was  master  of  Mount-Vernon  Lodge  of  Freemasons  at 
Athens ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
^he  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
35,267  votes  against  33,214  votes  for  A.  R.  Wright, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  6,369  votes  against  4,424  votes  for  Under 
wood,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,368  votes  against  3,131  votes  for 
Cleveland,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  5,891  votes  against  4,294  votes 
for  Harris,  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1S43,  to 
March  3,  1851,  the  last  two  years  as  speaker;  was 
governor  of  Georgia  1851-1853 ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,203  votes 
against  5,i>27  votes  for  Franklin,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  secre 
tary  of  the  treasury  under  President  Buchanan,  serv 
ing  from  March  6,  1857,  until  he  resigned,  December 
10,  1860;  was  chairman  of  the  convention  of  dele 


gates  from  the  seceded  States  which  assembled  at 
Montgomery,  Alabama,  to  form  a  Confederate  gov 
ernment,  February  4,  1861 ;  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  in  the  Confederate  army  February  13,  18(52, 
and  promoted  major-general  September  9,  1863;  sur 
rendered  at  Macon,  Georgia,  April  20,  1864;  died  at 
New-York  City,  October  9,  1868. 

Cobb,  Stephen  Alonzo,  was  born  at  Madison, 
Maine,  June  17,  1833;  received  a  common-school 
education;  moved  with  his  father  to  Minnesota  in 
1850;  worked  in  the  lumbering  business  in  Minne 
sota  nearly  four  years,  studying  the  languages,  and 
preparing  for  college ;  entered  Beloit  College  in  1854, 
passed  the  freshman  and  sophomore  years  there,  and 
then  went  to  Providence,  and  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  the  class  of  1858;  settled  in  Wyaridotte, 
Kansas,  in  1859,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  the 
law ;  entered  the  army  in  1862,  and  served  throxigh 
the  war,  rising  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel  in 
the  general  volunteer  staff;  was  mayor  of  Wyandotte 
in  1862  and  1868;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
of  Kansas  in  1862,  1869,  and  1870 ;  was  speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  Kansas  in  1872;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kansas  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  from  the  State  at  large  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  66,345  votes  against  33,274  votes  for 
R.  B.  Mitchell,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December 
1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  14,220  votes  against  14,965  votes  for  John 
R.  Goodin,  Democrat  and  Reformer. 

Cobb,  Thomas  R.,  was  born  in  Lawrence 
County,  Indiana,  July  2,  1828;  was  reared  on  a 
farm ;  attended  the  Bloomington  University ;  studied 
law  with  William  H.  Crawford  at  Lexington;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Bedford  1853- 
1867,  when  he  removed  to  Vincennes,  where  he  has 
since  continued  practice;  was  commissioned  major 
of  militia  by  the  governor  of  Indiana  in  1852 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Sena-te  of  Indiana  1858-1866 ; 
was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  presi 
dential  elector  in  1868;  was  president  of  the  Indiana 
State  Democratic  Convention  in  1876 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  St.  Louis 
which  nominated  Tilden  and  Ilcndricks  in  1876;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  18,888 
votes  against  13,519  for  Rev.  Lewis  Loveless,  Re 
publican. 

Cobb,  Thomas  V/.,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  Georgia,  in  1784 ;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Greensborough ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and, 
before  the  expiration  of  his  term,  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  in  place  of  Nicholas  Ware,  deceased, 
serving  from  December  6,  1824,  to  1828,  when  he 
resigned;  was  chosen  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court; 
and  died  at  Greensborough,  Georgia,  February  1, 
1830. 

Cobb,  "Williamson  R.  W.,  was  born  in  Ray 
County,  Tennessee,  June  8,  1807;  was  taken  by  his 
father  in  1809  to  Madison  County,  Alabama,  where 
he  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  a  farmer, 
and  dealer  in  clocks;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1804  and  1805;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,330  votes 
against  2,747  votes  for  W.  Acklen,  and  1,284  votes 
for  H.  Pope,  both  Democrats;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,551 
votes  against  3,695  votes  for  J.  Clemens;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  4,908  votes  against  1,303  votes  for  Murphy, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,673  votes  against 
3,241  votes  for  C.  C.  Clay,  jun.,  Democrat;  was  re- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


339 


elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  1,416  votes  against  758  for  Adams,  anti- 
Know-Nothing ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  without  organized  opposi 
tion,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  without  organized  opposition,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  until  January  21,  1801, 
when  he  resigned,  Alabama  having  seceded;  was 
elected  to  the  Confederate  House  of  Representatives 
in  180:3,  but  did  not  take  his  seat;  and  was  killed,  by 
the  accidental  discharge  of  a  pistol  in  his  own  hands, 
in  November,  1804. 

Coburn,  John,  was  born  at  Indianapolis,  In 
diana,  October  27,  1825;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Wabash  College  in  1840;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  practised 
at  Indianapolis';  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1850;  was  judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  during  1859,  1800,  and  1801,  when 
he  resigned,  and  served  in  the  Union  army  as  colonel 
of  the  Thirty-third  Indiana  Regiment  during  the 
war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  for  gallant  and  merito 
rious  services;  was  appointed  the  first  secretary  of 
Montana  Territory  in  March,  1805,  but  resigned  at 
once ;  was  elected  judge  of  the  fifth  judicial  circuit 
of  Indiana  in  October,  1805,  and  resigned  in  July, 
1800 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,719  votes  against  14,245  votes  for  Lord,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
15,715  votes  against  14,083  votes  for  Knightly,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  14,123  votes  against  13,707  votes  for  Cot- 
trell,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  18,794  votes  against  18,001  votes 
for  Shelley,  Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  March 
4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  10,411  votes  against  16,997  votes  for  F.  Lan 
ders,  Democrat. 

Coburn,  Stephen,  was  born  in  Maine ;  resided 
at  Skowhegan;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (in  place  of  Israel 
Washburn,  jun.,  resigned)  as  a  Republican,  serving 
from  January  2,  1801,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Cochran,  James,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1813.  . 

Cochran,  James,  was  born  at  Oswego,  New 
York,  February  11,  1769;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving 
from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3, 1799;  was  postmaster 
at  Oswego ;  and  died  at  Oswego,  New  York,  Novem 
ber  7,  1848. 

Cochrane,  Alexander  G.,  was  born  at  Alle- 
ghany  City,  Pennsylvania,  March  20,  1845;  was  edu 
cated  at  the  public  schools  of  that  city,  and  at  Phillips 
Academy,  Aiidover,  Massachusetts  ;  studied  law; 
graduated  at  the  Columbian  Law  School  in  1804; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866,  and  has  since  prac 
tised  at  Alleghany  City ;  he  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,256  votes  against  4,996 
votes  for  Bayne,  Republican,  and  2,803  votes  for 
A.  Purviance,  Independent  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,326  votes  against  12,506  votes  for 
Bayne,  Republican. 

Cochrane,  Clarke  B.,  was  born  at  New  Boston, 
New  Hampshire,  May  31,  1815;  removed  to  Mont 
gomery  County,  New  York,  and  acquired  a  classical 
education  by  his  own  exertions,  graduating  at  Union 
College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1843  and  1844 ;  removed 


to  Schenectady;  was  an  early  Free-soil  Democrat, 
supporting  Van  Buren  and  Adams  in  1848;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,719  votes  against  6,123 
votes  for  Rossiter,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  10,581  votes 
against  9,320  votes  for  Goodyear,  Democrat;  feeble 
health  forced  him  to  decline  a  renomination,  and  on 
his  recovery  he  removed  to  Albany,  where  he  prac 
tised;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1866 ;  and  was  a  candidate  for  re-elec 
tion  in  1867,  but  was  defeated ;  totally  worn  out,  he 
took  to  his  bed,  and  kept  it  until  he  died,  at  Albany, 
March  5,  1867. 

Cochrane,  John,  was  born  at  Palatine,  New 
York,  August  27,  1813;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Hamilton  College  in  1831 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Palatine,  but  removed  to  New-York  City 
in  1840;  was  a  "barn-burner  Democrat;"  sustained 
the  action  of  the  Buffalo  Free-soil  Convention  of  1848; 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  surveyor  of  the 
port  of  New  York  1853-1857 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  7,531  votes  against 
3,991  votes  for  Stillman,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,336 
votes  against  5,520  votes  for  McCurdy,  Union  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  March  3, 1801 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Charleston-Baltimore  National 
Convention ;  was  not  renominated  by  the  Democrats 
for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  August,  1801,  as  colonel  of  the  First  New- 
York  Chasseurs,  which  he  commanded  through  the 
Chickahominy  campaign;  was  promoted  brigadier- 
general  July  17,  1862,  and  commanded  a  brigade  in 
Couch's  division,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  until  he 
resigned,  February  25,  1863;  was  president  of  the 
Cleveland  Convention  in  1864,  which  nominated  him 
for  vice-president  on  the  ticket  with  Fremont  for 
president;  was  attorney-general  of  the  State  of  New 
York,  1865 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republi 
can  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1868;  was  appointed 
collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the  sixth  district  of 
New  York  in  1869. 

Cocke,  John  (son,  of  William  Cocke),  was  born 
at  Brunswick,  Virginia,  in  1772;  removed  early  in  life 
to  Tennessee,  where  he  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice ;  was  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives; 
served  in  the  Creek  war  in  1813  as  major-general  of 
Tennessee  volunteers,  and  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of 
Tennessee  riflemen  under  General  Jackson  at  New 
Orleans ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sev 
enteenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  without  oppo 
sition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
receiving  1,200  majority  over  Arnold,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits ;  and  died  at  Rutledge,  Tennessee, 
February  10,  1854. 

Cocke,  William,  (father  of  John  Cocke),  was 
born  in  Virginia;  received  an  English  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives, 
and  a  colonel  of  militia;  removed  to  Tennessee;  was 
colonel,  and  subsequently  brigadier-general,  of  mi 
litia  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1813;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court ;  was  elected  a  senator  from  Tennessee,  serving 
from  December  5,  1790,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Madison  Indian  agent  for  the 
Chickasaw  Nation  in  1814. 

Cocke,  William  M.,  was  born  in  Tennessee;  re 
sided  at  Rutledge ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  2,481  majority;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845, 
to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  a  Whig  candidate 


340 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


for  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  4,968  votes 
against  8,026  votes  for  Albert  G.  Watkins,  also  a 
Whig. 

Cockerill,  Joseph  R.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Ohio;  received  a  public-school  education; 
held  several  local  offices  at  West  Union;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,603  votes  against 
7,460  votes  for  Emrie,  Republican,  and  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  and  died  at 
West  Union,  Ohio,  October  25,  1875. 

Cockrell,  Francis  Marion,  was  born  in  John 
son  County,  Missouri,  October  1,  1834;  received  his 
early  education  in  the  common  schools  of  his  coun 
ty;  graduated  from  Chapel-hill  College,  Lafayette 
County,  Missouri,  in  July,  1853;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Warrcnsburg; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army;  was  appointed  brig 
adier-general  February  23,  1863,  and  commanded  a 
Missouri  brigade  in  Bowen's  division,  Army  of  the 
West;  never  held  any  public  office  prior  to  his  elec 
tion  to  Congress;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Missouri  as  a  Democrat  to  succeed  Carl  Schurz, 
Independent  Republican,  and  took  his  scat  March  4, 
1875. 

Coffin,  Charles  D.,  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Lebanon, 
Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  (in  place  of  Andrew  W. 
Loomis,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  receiving  99  majority, 
and  serving  from  December  20,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1839;  removed  to  Cincinnati,  and  practised  there. 

Coffin,  Peleg,  jun.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
in  September,  1756;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795 ;  was  State 
treasurer  of  Massachusetts  1797-1802 ;  died  March  6, 
1805. 

Cof froth,  Alexander  H.,  was  born  at  Somer 
set,  Pennsylvania,  May  18,  1828;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1851,  and  commenced  practice  at  Somerset; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  Charleston  in  1860;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,966  votes  against  10,426 
votes  for  McPherson,  Union  Republican,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  claimed 
to  have  been  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
and  served  from  February  19,  1866,  to  July  18,  1866, 
when  the  House  gave  the  seat  to  William  H.  Koontz, 
Union  Republican,  as  having  received  11,242  votes 
against  11, 174  votes  for  Coffroth;  was  appointed  an 
assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  1867. 

Coghlan,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  December  8,  1835;  removed  to  Illinois 
with  his  parents  in  1847,  and  in  1850  emigrated  to 
California;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Suisun  City;  was  a  member  of  the 
California  legislature  in  1865-1866;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  California  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,504  votes 
against  17,303  votes  for  G.  Pearce,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Coit,  Joshua,  was  born  at  New  London,  Con 
necticut,  October  7,  1758;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1776;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  New  London  in  1779;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Third 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  Sep 
tember  5,  1798;  when  he  died,  at  New  London,  Con 
necticut,  of  yellow  fever. 

Coke,  Richard,  jun.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Abington ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  and 


was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  without 
opposition,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March, 
2,  1833;  died  at  Abington,  Virginia,  March  30,  1851. 
Coke,  Richard,  Avas  born  at  Williamsburg,  Vir 
ginia,  March  13,  1829;  was  educated  at  William  and 
Mary  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  removed  to  Waco,  Texas,  where  he  has  since 
practised ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  private, 
and  afterwards  as  captain;  was  appointed  district 
judge  in  June,  1865;  was  elected  judge  of  the  State 
Supreme  Court  in  1866,  and,  after  having  held  the 
position  for  one  year,  was  removed  by  General  Sheri 
dan  as  "  an  impediment  to  reconstruction ; "  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  was  elected  governor  of  Texas 
in  December,  1873,  by  a  majority  of  50,000,  and  was 
re-elected  in  February,  1876,  by  a  majority  of  102,000, 
resigning  December  1,  1877,  after  having  been  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate  from  Texas  as  a  Demo 
crat  to  succeed  Morgan  C.  Hamilton,  Republican, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1877. 

Colcock,  William  F.,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the 
South-Carolina  College  in  1823;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Gra- 
hamville,  South  Carolina;  was  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and  two 
years  speaker  of  the  House;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3, 
1853. 

Golden,  Cadwallader  David,  was  born  at 
Flushing,  New  York,  April  4, 1759 ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  which  was  completed  at  London;  re 
turned  to  the  United  States;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1791,  and  commenced  practice  at 
New  York;  removed  in  1793  to  Poughkccpsic,  where 
he  remained  a  few  years,  and  then  located  in  New- 
York  City;  was  appointed  State  district-attorney 
1810;  was  a  colonel  of  volunteers  in  1812;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1818 ;  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  in  1819 ; 
was  grand  warden  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Masons  of 
the  State  of  New  York  in  1820 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress,  having  successfully  contested  the  election  of 
Peter  Sharpe,  and  serving  from  December  12,  1821, 
to  March  3,  1823;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1824-1827;  and  died  at  Jersey  City,  New  Jersey, 
February  7,  1834.  Published  "The  Life  of  Robert 
Fulton"  in  1817,  and  a  "Memoir of  the  Erie  Canal" 
in  1826,  with  several  pamphlets  on  internal  improve 
ments  and  the  reformation  of  juvenile  criminals. 

Cole,  Cornelius,  was  born  at  Lodi,  New  York, 
September  17,  1822;  graduated  at  the  Wesleyan  Uni 
versity,  Connecticut;  studied  law  in  the  office  of 
William  H.  Seward,  and  was  admitted  to.  the  bar; 
crossed  the  plains  to  California  in  1849,  and,  after 
working  a  year  in  the  gold-mines,  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  district-attorney  of  Sacramento  City  and 
County  from  1859  to  1862;  was  a  member  of  the 
National  Republican  Committee  from  1856  to  1860; 
removed  to  Santa  Cruz;  was  a  representative  from 
California  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Union 
Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March 
3,  1865;  was  elected  United-States  senator  to  suc- 
eed  James  A.  McDougall,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Cole,  George  E.,  was  born  in  Oncida  County, 
New  York,  December  23,  1826;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1849 ;  crossed 
the  plains  to  California,  and  went  thence  to  Oregon; 
was  a  member  of  the  Oregon  House  of  Representa 
tives  1851-1853;  was  clerk  of  the  United-States  Court 
for  the  District  of  Oregon  1859,  1860;  removed  to 
Washington  Territory  in  1861 ;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Washington  Territory  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
ress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863^ 
to  March  3,  1865. 

Cole,  Orsamus,  was  born  in  New  York;   re- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


341 


ceived  a  liberal  education ;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Potosi, 
Wisconsin;  was  appointed  United-States  judge  for 
Wisconsin  Territory;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Re- 
publican,  serving  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3, 
1851 ;  was  elected  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court 
in  1855,  receiving  upwards  of  7,000  majority  over 
Judge  Crawford. 

Coleman,  Nicholas  D.,  was  born  at  Maysville, 
Kentucky,  in  1800;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 1829,  to  March  3, 
1S31;  removed  to  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  where  he 
resumed  practice ;  was  postmaster  at  Vicksburg  1841- 
1844;  died  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  May  11,  1874. 

Coles,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received  a 
liberal  education ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  First  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Third  Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
to  March  3,  1797. 

Coles,  "Walter,  was  born  in  Pittsylvania  County, 
Virginia,  in  1789;  received  an  English  education;  en 
gaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  for  many  years 
justice  of  the  peace;  served  in  the  United-States 
array,  during  the  war  with  Great  Britain  of  1812,  as 
captain  of  riflemen,  on  the  Northern  frontier;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1833  and  1834;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  defeating  Davenport,  Federalist;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  defeating  John  Kerr, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  1,564  votes  against  1,405  votes  for  Witcher, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  defeating  Witcher,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  2,017  votes 
against  -1,911  votes  for  George  II.  Gilmer,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1845; 
declined  a  re-election;  and  died  at  his  residence, 
near  Roberson's  store,  Virginia,  after  an  illness  of 
four  days,  November  9,  1857. 

Colfax,  Schuyler,  was  born  at  New-York  City 
March  23,  1823;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  in  1845  he  became  the  proprietor  and  editor  of 
"The  Register,"  at  South  Bend,  Indiana,  which  he 
published  for  eighteen  years;  was  elected  in  1850  a 
delegate  from  St.  Joseph  County  to  'the  convention 
that  framed  the  Constitution  of  Indiana;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Indiana  as  a  Republican  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,989  votes  against 
8,223  votes  for  Eddy,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,920  votes 
against  11,890  votes  i'or  Stuart,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  14,541 
votes  against  12,610  votes  for  John  C.  Walker,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  1(5,860  votes  against  13,458  votes  for  C.  W. 
Cathcart,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  14,775  votes  against  14,545 
votes  for  D.  Turpie,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  16,658  votes  against 
14,978  votes  for  D.  Turpie,  Democrat;  and  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
20,221  votes  against  18,073  votes  for  Turpie,  Demo 
crat.  He  was  speaker  of  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Forti 
eth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1869;  was  elected  vice-president  of  the 
United  States  on  the  ticket  with  General  Grant,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1809,  to  March  3, 1873 ;  became 
vice-president  of  a  manufacturing  company  at  South 
Bend,  Indiana,  and  delivered  public  lectures  to  large 
audiences  in  every  section  of  the  Union. 

Collamer,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Troy,  New  York, 
in  1792;  removed  with  his  father  to  Burlington,  Ver 


mont;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  Vermont  in  1810;  served  as  a  sub 
altern  in  the  war  of  1812;  studieil  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Woodstock,  Vermont, 
from  1813  to  1833,  serving  several  years  in  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supe 
rior  Court  of  Vermont  from  1833  to  1842;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  on  the  second  trial 
4,866  votes  against  4,207  votes  for  Ransom,  Demo 
crat,  and  others ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  659  majority;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  on  the  second  trial,  receiv 
ing  5,457  votes  against  3,854  votes  for  Henry  and 
some  scattering,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1849 ;  was  appointed  postmaster-general  by 
President  Taylor,  serving  from  March  7, 1849,  to  July 
20,  1850 ;  was  again  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
Vermont  from  November  8,  1850,  to  October  3,  1854; 
was  elected  a  senator  from  Vermont  as  a  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  until  his  death, 
at  Woodstock,  Vermont,  November  9,  1865. 

Collier,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Broome  County, 
New  York,  in  1787;  located  at  Binghamton;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-second  Congress  as  a  Clay  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  and  died  at 
Binghamton,  New  York,  March  24,  1873. 

Collin,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Hillsdale,  New 
York,  April  30,  1802;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  a  practical  farmer;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  in  1834 ;  was  for  some  years  a  super 
visor  of  Columbia  County ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847; 
died  at  Hillsdale,  New  York. 

Collins,  Ela  (father  of  William  Collins),  was 
born  at  Meriden,  Connecticut,  February  14, 1786;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lowville, 
New  York;  was  district-attorney  of  Lewis  County, 
1819-1840 ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  colonel  of  an 
infantry  regiment  of  militia;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  and  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1821 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1825;  devoted  the  closing  years  of  his  life 
to  agricultural  pursuits ;  and  died  at  Lowville,  New 
York,  November  23,  1848. 

Collins,  Francis  D.,  was  born  at  Saugerties, 
New  York,  March  5,  1844 ;  was  educated  at  St.  Jo 
seph's  College,  in  Susquchanna  County,  and  Wyoming 
Seminary,  at  Kingston,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Luzerne  County  in  1866, 
and  practised  at  Scran  ton,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected 
district-attorney  of  the  Scranton  mayor's  court  dis 
trict  in  1869;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1872, 1873,  and  1874;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,980  votes 
against  5,846  votes  for  Alexander  II.  Butler,  Repub 
lican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  18,548  votes  against  10,171  votes  for  David  J. 
Waller,  Republican. 

Collins,  John,  was  born  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  June  8,  1717;  was  an  active  champion  of 
independence;  was  a  delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1778-1783;  was  governor 
of  Rhode  Island  1786-1789 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  First  Congress,  but 
did  not  take  his  seat;  and  died  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  March  8,  1795. 

Collins,  W^illiam  (son  of  Ela  Collins),  was  born 
in  Oneida  County,  New  York;  received  a  liberal 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Lowville,  New  York; 
was  district-attorney  for  Lewis  County  1845-1846, 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 


342 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


cember  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  removed  to  Cleve 
land,  Ohio. 

Colquitt,  Alfred  H.  (son  of  Walter  T.  Col- 
qnitt),  was  born  in  Georgia  in  1823;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in 
1844;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
(5,795  vote's  against  0,"249  votes  for  Johnson,  Whig, 
and  serving  from  December  5, 1853,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  an  elector  on  the  Breckinridge  and  Lane  ticket 
in  1860 ;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in  the  Con 
federate  army  September  30,  1802,  and  placed  in 
command  of  a  brigade  composed  of  the  Sixth,  Nine 
teenth,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty- 
eighth  Georgia  Infantry,  in  Hill's  division,  Jackson's 
corps,  Lee's  army  of  Northern  Virginia;  was  in  com 
mand  at  the  battle  of  Olustee,  where  he  distinguished 
himself;  engaged  in  the  insurance  business  after  the 
war;  was  prominently  connected  with  the  Patrons 
of  Husbandry;  was  elected  governor  of  Georgia  in 
1870  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  109,811  votes  against 
34,110  votes  for  Norcross,  Republican. 

Colquitt,  Walter  T.  (father  of  Alfred  H.  Col 
quitt),  was  born  in  Halifax  County,  Virginia,  De 
cember  27,  1799,  but  was  taken  by  his  parents  to 
Georgia  a  few  years  afterwards;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  which  was  completed  at  Princeton 
College,  but  did  not  graduate;  studied  law  under 
Colonel  Rockwell  at  Milledgeville;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1820,  and  commenced  practice  at  Sparta, 
Georgia;  removed  soon  afterwards  to  Cowpens;  was 
elected  brigadier-general  of  militia  by  the  legislature 
in  1820 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Troup  candidate  for  the 
Twentieth  Congress  by  Lumpkin,  the  Clark  candi 
date,  who  was  elected  by  32  majority;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  Chattahoochee  circuit  in  1820,  and  re- 
elected  in  1829;  was  licensed  as  a  Methodist-Episco 
pal  preacher  in  1827;  was  a  State  senator  in  1834 
and  1837 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  State-rights 
Whig,  but  refused  to  support  General  Harrison  for 
president,  and  resigned,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  July  21,  1840;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  from  February  1,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  elected  United-States  senator,  and  served  from 
December  4,  1843,  until  he  resigned  in  1848 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Nashville  Convention  of  1850 ;  and 
died  at  Macon,  Georgia,  while  on  his  way  to  the 
mineral  springs  of  East  Tennessee  for  his  health, 
May  7,  1855. 

Colston,  Edward,  was  born  in  Berkeley  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  in  1788;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1800 ;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and  high  sheriff  of  Berkeley  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  Robert  Bailey 
and  Daniel  Morgan,  and  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Federal 
candidate  for  the  Sixteenth  Congress  by  Thomas 
Van  Swearingen ;  died  in  Berkeley  County,  Virginia, 
April  23,  1851. 

Comegys,  Joseph  P.,  was  born  at  Cherbourg, 
Delaware,  December  29,  1813;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law  with  John  M.  Clayton;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1841  and  1848 ;  was  appointed  in  1851  one 
of  the  three  commissioners  to  revise  the  State  laws ; 
was  appointed  United-States  senator  to  fill  the  va 
cancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  M.  Clayton,  and 
served  from  December  4,  1850,  to  March  3,  1857;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  at  Phil 
adelphia  in  1800. 

Comingo,  Abram,  was  born  in  Mercer  County, 
Kentucky,  January  9,  1820;  received  a  liberal  English 
education;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
iu  1817;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1S48;  was  elected  a 


member  of  the  Missouri  State  Convention  in  Febru 
ary,  1801 ;  was  appointed  provost-marshal  of  the  sixth 
district  of  Missouri  in  May,  1803;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,052  votes  against 
8,597  votes  for  G.  Smith,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,235 
votes  against  7,317  votes  for  D.  S.  Twichell, "Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Comins,  Linus  B.,  was  born  at  Charlton,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1817;  received  a  business  education, 
graduating  at  the  Worcester-county  Manual-labor 
High  School;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  and 
manufacturing  at  Roxbury,  Massachusetts;  was  a 
member  of  the  Roxbury  city  council  in  1840,  1847, 
and  1848,  serving  the  two  last  years  as  president; 
was  mayor  of  Roxbury  in  1854;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  4,972  votes 
against  2,770  votes  for  S.  H.  Walley,  Whig,  and  926 
votes  for  Spinney,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
5,188  votes  against  4,431  votes  for  C.  G.  Greene, 
Democrat,  and  1,078  votes  for  B.  F.  Cook,  American, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Comstock,  Oliver  C.,  was  born  in  Oswego 
County,  New  York,  in  1784;  received  an  academic 
education,  and  commenced  the  study  of  theology, 
but  relinquished  it  for  medicine;  was  licensed,  and 
practised  at  Trumansburgh,  New  York;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1810-1812; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819 ;  abandoned  the 
practice  of  medicine,  and  was  ordained  as  a  clergy 
man  of  the  Baptist  Church;  was  chaplain  of  the 
United-States  House  of  Representatives;  and  died 
at  Marshall,  Michigan,  January  11,  1800. 

Condict,  John,  was  born  in  1755;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war  as  surgeon ;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3, 
1803 ;  was  elected  a  senator  from  New  Jersey,  serving 
from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  at 
Orange,  New  Jersey,  May  4,  1834. 

Condict,  Lewis,  was  born  at  Morristown,  New 
Jersey,  March,  1773;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  medicine ;  was  licensed  to  practise,  and  locat 
ed  at  Morristown ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1805-1810,  serving  the  last  two 
years  as  speaker ;  was  a  member  of  the  commission 
for  adjusting  the  boundary  between  New  York  and 
New  Jersey  in  1807;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March 
3,  1817;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth  (receiving  5,000  majority),  Twenty-first, 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1821,  to  March  2,  1833;  declined  a  re-election; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler 
ticket  in  1840;  and  died  at  Morristown,  New  Jersey, 
May  20,  1802. 

Condict,  Silas  (father  of  Silas  Condict),  was 
born  in  New  Jersey,  and  was  a  delegate  from  that 
State  to  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1784. 

Condict,  Silas  (son  of  Silas  Condict),  was  born 
at  Newark,  New  Jersey,  in  1777;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1795; 
was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Clay 
Democrat,  serving  from  Decembers,  1831,  to  March 
2,  1833 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Clay  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving  23,780  votes  against 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


343 


24,278  votes  for  F.  S.  Schenck,  Jackson  Democrat; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1844 ;  was  for  several  years  president  of  the  Newark 
Banking  Company ;  and  died  at  Newark,  New  Jersey, 
November  29,  1861. 

Conger,  Harmon  S.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
removed  to  Cortland,  New  York;  held  several  local 
offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  0,732 
votes  against  5,747  votes  for  Ballard,  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  and  1,870  for  Hyde,  Cass  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Conger,  James  L.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
removed  to  Mount  Pleasant,  Michigan;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Free-soil  Whig,  receiving  8,023  votes 
against  8,427  votes  for  Hascall,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Conger,  Omar  D.,  was  born  in  1818  at  Coopers- 
town,  New  York;  removed  with  his  father,  Rev.  E. 
Conger,  to  Huron  County,  Ohio,  in  1824 ;  pursued  his 
academic  studies  at  Huron  Institute,  Milan,  Ohio,  and 
graduated  in  1842  at  Western  Reserve  College ;  was 
employed  in  the  geological  survey  and  mineral  explo 
rations  of  the  Lake-Superior  copper  and  iron  regions 
in  1845,  1840,  1847 ;  and  in  1848  engaged  in  the  prac 
tice  of  law  at  Port  Huron,  Michigan,  where  he  has 
since  resided;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Saint  Clair 
County  Court  in  1850,  and  senator  in  the  Michigan 
legislature  for  the  biennial  terms  of  1855,  1857,  and 
1859,  and  was  elected  president  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate 
in  1859;  was  elected  in  1800  a  member  of  the  Consti 
tutional  Convention  of  Michigan ;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1804;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,347  votes 
against  14,023  votes  for  Stout,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  13,782 
votes  against  13,593  votes  for  B.  G.  Stout,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
12,037  votes  against  7,79!)  votes  for  Richardson,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  10,185  votes  against  8,203  Votes  for  E.  M. 
Goodrich,  Democrat,  and  107  votes  for  H.  Fish,  Tem 
perance  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  15,818  votes  against  13,177  votes  for  Chad- 
wick,  Democrat,  and  239  votes  for  Henry  Whiting, 
Greenback  candidate,  serving  from  March  4,  1809. 

Conkling,  Alfred  (father  of  Alfred  and  Fred 
erick  Conkling),  was  born  at  East  Hampton,  New 
York,  October  12,  1789;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Union  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Canajoharie ;  was  district-attorney  for  Montgom 
ery  County  for  two  years ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as 
an  anti-Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  removed  to  Albany;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Adams  United-States  district 
judge  for  the  northern  district  of  New  York,  serving 
from  1825  to  1852 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Fillmore 
minister  to  Mexico,  serving  from  August  0,  1852,  to 
August  17,  1853;  located  on  his  return  at  Genesec, 
New  York,  where  he  devoted  himself  to  literary  pur 
suits,  including  the  revision  of  later  editions  of  his 
law-books;  and  died  at  Utica  February  5,  1874.  He 
published  "  Conkling's  Treatise,"  "  Colliding' s  Ad 
miralty,"  "The  Powers  of  the  Executive  Depart 
ments' of  the  United  States,"  and  "The  Young 
Citizen's  Manual." 

Conkling,  Frederick  Augustus  (son  of 
Alfred  Conkling),  was  born  at '  Canajoharie,  New 
York,  August  22,  181(5;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation,  including  the  Latin  and  Greek  classics,  at  the 
Albany  Academy;  was  clerk  to  a  mercantile  firm  at 
Albany  at  the  age  of  sixteen;  entered  the  dry-goods 
house  of  J.  W.  &  R.  Leavitt,  at  New- York  City,  in 
1835,  and  remained  there  seven  years;  became  a 
partner  in  the  firm  of  Mygate  &  Conkling  in  1842, 


and  of  the  firm  of  Conkling,  Barnes,  &  Shepard, 
1850-1858;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Assembly  in  1853,  1858,  and  1859;  organized  in  June, 
1800,  at  his  own  expense,  the  Eighty-fourth  Regi 
ment  of  the  National  Guard  of  the  State  of  New 
York,  and  was  its  colonel ;  it  was  ordered  to  the  seat  of 
war  July  3,  1803,  and  did  duty  one  month  as  provost- 
guard  at  Baltimore ;  in  July,  1804,  it  was  again  mus 
tered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  for  one 
hundred  days,  and  placed  on  picket-duty  in  Virginia 
and  West  Virginia,  receiving  high  praise  for  effi 
ciency  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  0,530  votes  against  0,300  for  John  Cochran, 
Breckinridge  Democrat,  and  5,724  votes  for  J.  W. 
Chanler,  Douglas  Democrat,  and  serving  from  July 
4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  was  the  Republican  candi 
date  for  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  in  1808. 

Conkling,  Roscoe,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York,  October  30,  1829 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  and  practised  law;  removed  to  Utica  in 
1840;  was  district-attorney  for  On eida  County  in  1850; 
was  elected  mayor  of  Utica  in  1858 ;  was  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  11,084  votes  against  8,251 
votes  for  Root,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty -seventh  Congress,  receiving  12,530  votes 
against  8,973  votes  for  Grove,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,900 
votes  against  10,810  votes  for  Francis  Kernan,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  12,470  votes  against  11,053  votes  for  Palmer  V. 
Kellogg;  but  was  immediately  afterwards  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States  as  a  Union  Republi 
can  to  succeed  Ira  Harris,  Republican ;  took  his  seat 
in  the  Senate  in  March,  1807;  and  was  re-elected, 
taking  his  seat  March  4,  1873.  His  term  of  congres 
sional  service  was  commenced  December  5,  1859. 

Conner,  Henry  "W.,  was  born  in  Prince  George 
County,  Virginia,  in  August,  1793;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  South 
Carolina  in  1812 ;  served  as  aide-de-camp  to  Brigadier- 
General  Joseph  Graham  in  the  expedition  against  the 
Creek  Indians  in  1814;  settled  in  Catawba  County, 
North  Carolina;  was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  receiving  078  votes 
against  1,708  votes  for  William  Davidson;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  of  the  Macon  school, 
defeating  W.  Davidson;  and  continuously  re-elected 
until  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1821,  until  March  3,  1841,  when  he  declined 
a  re-election;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1848,  after  which  he  declined  all  offers  of  public 
office;  he  died  in  Catawba  County,  North  Carolina, 
January  15,  1800. 

Conner,  John  C.,  was  born  at  Noblesville,  In 
diana,  October  27,  1842;  was  educated  at  Wabash 
College,  Indiana;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1802  as 
a  lieutenant  in  the  Sixty-third  Indiana  Volunteers, 
and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  an  unsuc 
cessful  candidate  for  the  legislature  of  Indiana  on 
the  National  Union  ticket  in  1800;  upon  there-or 
ganization  of  the  army  in  the  fall  of  1800,  was  ap 
pointed  a  captain  in  the  Forty-first  Infantry,  and 
served  in  Texas  until  nominated  for  Congress;  was 
electe'd  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,738  votes 
against  4,355  votes  for  Grafton,  Republican,  3,540 
votes  for  Johnson,  Republican,  and  994  votes  for 
Taylor,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  18,285  votes  against  5,948 
votes  for  Bryant,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
18(50,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Conner,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1800;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
major  of  the  Twenty-first  Infantry,  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Thirteenth  Infantry,  resigning  July  14, 
1814;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu- 


344 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


setts  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De- 


Conness,  John,  was  born  in  Ireland,  September 
20,  1821,  and  immigrated  to  the  United  States  when 
a  lad;  learned  the  trade  of  pianoforte-making,  and 
worked  at  it  in  New  York;  was  one  of  the  California 
pioneers,  interested  in  the  mines,  and  afterwards  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  member  of-the  California 
legislature  in  1853-1854,  and  in  1860-1801 ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  California  as  a  Union 
Ee publican  to  succeed  Milton  S.  Latham,  Democrat, 
and  served  from  March  4,  18613,  to  March  4,  1869;  re 
sided  in  Massachusetts  after  his  senatorial  term. 

Conover,  Simon  B.,  was  born  in  Middlesex 
County,  New  Jersey,  September  23,  1840;  received  a 
liberal  preliminary  education,  and  was  graduated  as  a 
doctor  of  medicine  in  1863;  was  soon  afterward  ap 
pointed  assistant  surgeon  in  the  Army  of  the  Cum 
berland,  and  stationed  at  Nashville,  Tennessee;  after 
several  promotions  in  the  medical  corps  of  the  army, 
he  was  ordered  to  Lake  City,  Florida,  in  1866,  and 
shortly  afterward  resigned  his  commission;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1868;  was  appointed  State  treasurer  by  Governor 
Reed;  was  a  member  of  the  Chicago  Convention 
which  nominated  General  Grant  in  1868.  and  was  at 
that  time  appointed  a  member  of  the  National  Ee- 
publican  Committee;  was  also  a  member  of  the 
State  Executive  Republican  Committee  of  Florida; 
on  retiring  from  the  position  of  State  treasurer  at 
the  expiration  of  his  term  of  oflice,  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and 
was  chosen  to  preside  over  that  body;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Florida  as  a  Republican 
in  place  of  T.  W.  Osborn,  Republican,  and  took  his 
seat  March  4,  1873. 

Conrad,  Charles  M.,  was  born  at  Winchester, 
Virginia,  about  1804;  was  taken  by  his  father  when 
a,  child  to  Mississippi,  and  thence  to  Louisiana;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education ;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  and  practised  at  New  Orleans; 
served  several  years  in  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Louisiana  as  a  Whig,  in  place  of  Alexander  Mouton, 
resigned,  serving  from  April  14,  1842,  to  March  3, 
1843 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1844;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,259  votes  against  4,022  votes  for  Bcatty, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
August  17,  1850,  when  he  resigned;  was  appointed 
secretary  of  war  by  President  Fillmore,  serving  from 
August  13, 1850,  to  March  7, 1853;  was  a  deputy  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Montgomery  Provisional  Congress 
of  1861 ;  was  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
First  and  Second  Confederate  Congresses  1862-1864 ; 
and  died  at  New  Orleans  February  12,  1878. 

Conrad,  Frederick,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighth  Congress;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Conrad,  John,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815. 

Constable,  Albert,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Perryville, 
Maryland ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1, 1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Maryland  in 
1851 ;  and  died  at  Camden,  New  Jersey,  September 
18,  1855. 

^Contee,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1755;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  theology, 
and  became  a  clergyman  of  the  Protestant-Episcopal 
Church ;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  in  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1787-1788;  was  elected  a  represen 


tative  from  Maryland  in  the  First  Congress,  serving 
from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791;  was  presiding 
judge  of  the  Charles-county  Testamentary  Court; 
and  died  in  Charles  County,  Maryland,  November  3, 
1815. 

Conway,  Henry  Wharton,  was  born  in 
Greene  County,  Tennessee;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Arkansas,  and  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  that  Territory  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  receiving  370  majority  over  William  Bradford ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving 
2,575  votes  against  519  votes  for  Bates,  and  serving 
from  December  3,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Conway,  Martin  P.,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  in  1830;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  removed  to  Baltimore  in  1844;  learned  the 
art  of  printing,  and  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
National  Typographical  Union;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Balti 
more  ;  removed  to  Kansas  in  1854 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  first  legislative  council;  was  chosen  chief  justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  under  the  Topcka  Constitution ; 
was  president  of  the  Leavenworth  Constitutional 
Convention ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kansas 
in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  July  4, 1861,  to  March  3, 1863 ;  was  appointed 
United-States  consul;  returned  to  the  United  States, 
and  resided  at  Washington  City,  devoting  himself  to 
literary  pursuits. 

Cook,  Burton  C.,  was  horn  in  Monroe  County, 
New  York,  May  11,  1819;  was  educated  at  the  Colle 
giate  Institute,  Rochester;  studied  law;  removed  to 
Ottawa  County,  Illinois,  in  1835;  commenced  the 
practice  of  law  in  1840;  was  elected  in  1846,  by  the 
legislature,  State  attorney  for  the  ninth  judicial 
district  for  two  years,  and  was  re-elected  by  the 
people  in  1848  for  four  years ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Illinois  from  1852  to  1860;  was  a 
member  of  the  Peace  Conference  which  met  at 
Washington  in  1861 ;  was  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  from  Illinois  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,598  votes  against  9,980  votes  for  S.  C.  Casey, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  15,0i5  votes  against  7,721  votes  for  Harris, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  19,607  votes  against  11,946  votes  for 
Gray,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  4, 1865, 
to  March  3,  1869. 

Cook,  Daniel  P.  (a  son-in-law  of  Ninian  Ed 
wards),  was  born  in  Scott  County,  Kentucky,  in 
1795;  received  1i  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  at 
Kaskaskia,  and  then  removed  to  Edwardsville ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress,  defeating  Elias  K.  Kane ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  4,764  votes  against 
3,811  votes  for  John  McLean;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  re-election  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving 
1,660  votes  against  2,201  votes  for  Joseph  Duncan; 
and  died  at  Edwardsville,  Illinois,  October  16,  1827. 

Cook,  John  P.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
moved  to  Davenport,  Iowa;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  7,773  votes  against  7,193  votes  for 
Clark,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5, 1853, 
to  March  3,  1855. 

Cook,  Orchard,  was  born  in  that  portion  of 
Massachusetts  which  became  the  State  of  Maine; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits ;  was  high  sheriff  of  Lincoln  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Ninth  Congress;  was  re-electexl  to  the  Tenth  and 
Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 1805, 
to  March  3. 1811. 

Cook,  Philip,  was  born  in  Twiggs  County, 
Georgia,  July  31,  1817;  was  partially  educated  at 
Oglethorpe  University,  Georgia  ;  read  law  at  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


345 


University  of  Virginia,  and  practised  at  Americus, 
Georgia ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Georgia 
in  1859,  1860,  and  1863 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  Convention  of  1865  called  by  President  John 
son  ;  entered  the  Confederate  service  in.  April,  1861,  as 
a  private ;  was  commissioned  first  lieutenant,  lieuten 
ant-colonel,  colonel,  and  in  August,  1863,  brigadier- 
general;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  but  was 
not  allowed  to  take  his  seat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  6,145  votes  against 
4,490  votes  for  J.  Brown,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,677 
votes  against  4,199  votes  for  John  Brown,  Republi 
can;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  10,684  votes  against  4,280  votes  for  Pierce, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Cook,  Thomas  B.,  resided  at  Catskill,  New  York; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  243  ma 
jority,  and  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March 
3,  1813 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1838  and  1839. 

Cook,  Zadock,  was  born  in  Georgia  in  1769; 
was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  in  place  of 
Alfred  Cuthbert,  resigned ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  January  23,  1817, 
to  March  3,  1819. 

Cooke,  Bates,  was  born  in  Niagara  County, 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  an  anti- 
Mason,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2, 
1833;  was  comptroller  of  the  State  of  New  York 
from  February  4,  1839 ;  and  was  bank  commissioner 
from  May  14, 1840,  until  his  death,  at  Lewiston,  New 
York,  early  in  1841. 

Cooke,  Eleutheros,  was  born  at  Granvillc, 
New  York,  December  25,  1787;  received  a  liberal 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  GranviLle,  removing  soon 
afterwards  to  Sandusky,  Ohio;  was  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
Second  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  2,  1833;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  and  died  at  Sandusky, 
Ohio,  December  28,  1864. 

Cooke,  Joseph  Platt,  was  born  at  Danbury, 
Connecticut,  in  1730 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1750;  was  a  delegate 
from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental  Congress  1784- 
1788;  and  died  at  Danbury,  Connecticut,  August  14. 
1816. 

Cooper,  Edmund,  was  born  at  Franklin,  Ten 
nessee,  September  11,  1821;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Jackson  College  in  1839; 
studied  law  at  Harvard  College ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Bedford  County, 
Tennessee;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1849;  was  elected  a  Union  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1861 ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1865,  but  resigned  when  he  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Conservative,  receiving  7,864  votes 
against  224  votes  for  R.  Mullins,  and  serving  from 
July  25,  1866,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  appointed  by 
President  Johnson  assistant  secretary  of  the  treasury 
November  20,  1867,  serving  until  March  20,  1869. 

Cooper,  George  B.,  was  born  at  Long  Hill, 
New  Jersey,  June  0,  1808 ;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1830,  and  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Jackson ;  was  postmaster  at 
Jackson  for  eleven  years;  was  State  treasurer  of 
Michigan  two  years;  was  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives; 
claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representative  from 
Michigan  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  but  the 


House  decided  that  he  had  received  but  12,173  legal 
votes,  while  William  A.  Howard  had  receiAred  12,687 
legal  votes ;  so  the  seat  was  awarded  to  Howard,  Mr. 
Cooper  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  May  15, 
1860. 

Cooper,  Henry,  was  born  at  Columbia,  Tennes 
see,  August  22,  1827 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Jackson  College  August  11,  1847 ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  August  22, 
1849,  and  commenced  practice  at  Shelbyville  Janu 
ary  1,  1850;  was  elected  to  the  State  legislature  of 
Tennessee  in  1853,  and  again  in  1857;  was  appointed, 
in  April,  1862,  judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  circuit 
of  Tennessee,  and  resigned  in  January,  1866;  was 
chosen  professor  in  the  Law  School  at  Lebanon, 
Tennessee,  September  1,  1866,  and  resigned  in  June, 
1867,  when  he  removed  to  Nashville,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
of  Tennessee  in  1869  and  1870 ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Tennessee  as  a  Democrat  (de 
feating  Andrew  Johnson,  Democrat)  to  succeed  Jo 
seph  S.  Fowler,  Union  Republican,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Cooper,  James,  was  born  in  Frederick  County, 
Maryland,  May  8,  1810;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Washington  College;  studied  law 
with  Thaddeus  Stevens ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1834,  and  commenced  practice  at  Gettysburg,  Penn 
sylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,716  votes  against  4,503  votes  for  Daniel 
Sheffer,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  in  1843, 1844, 1846,  and  1848,  serving  as  speaker 
in  1847;  travelled  in  Europe;  was  made  attorney- 
general  of  Pennsylvania  in  1848 ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855;  removed 
to  Philadelphia;  was  authorized  by  President  Lin 
coln  to  raise  a  brigade  of  loyal  Marylanders,  and  was 
commissioned  brigadier-general  in  May,  1861 ;  served 
in  West  Virginia  under  General  Fremont ;  was  ap 
pointed  commandant  at  Camp  Chase,  near  Cincin 
nati,  and  died  there  March  1,  1863. 

Cooper,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  and 
was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1776. 

Cooper,  Mark  A.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Columbus ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  2, 1849,  to  March  3, 1851 ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  February  1,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
35,451  votes  against  33,483  votes  for  Richard  W. 
Habersham,  Whig,  but  resigned ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of  Georgia  in 
1843,  receiving  35,325  votes  against  38,713  votes  for 
George  W.  Crawford,  Whig. 

Cooper,  Richard  M.,  was  bom  in  Gloucester 
County,  New  Jersey,  in  1767;  received  an  English 
education ;  was  a  leading  member  of  the  Society  of 
Friends;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833; 
was  for  a  number  of  years  president  of  the  State 
Bank  of  New  Jersey;  died  at  Camden,  New  Jersey, 
March  10,  1843. 

Cooper,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Delaware;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Delaware  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  973  majority  over 
Dale,  war  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March 
3,  1817. 

Cooper,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  at  Cooperstown, 
Pennsylvania,  December  29,  1823;  received  a  classi- 


346 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


cal  education,  graduating  at  Pennsylvania  College; 
studied  medicine;  received  a  degree  of  M.D.  from  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Cooperate wn;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  tlie  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  10,762  votes  against  10,620  votes 
for  Longnecker,  Whig,  and  serving  from  July  4, 1861, 
until  he  died  at  Cooperstowu,  Pennsylvania,  April  4, 
1862. 

Cooper,  William  (father  of  J.  Fenimore  Cooper, 
the  novelist),  was  born  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey, 
and  removed  to  Otsego  County,  New  York,  where  he 
founded  Cooperstown;  practised  law;  was  appointed 
first  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Otsego 
County  February  17,  1791 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Fourth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March 
3,  1797;  was  again  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801; 
died  at  Cooperstown,  New  York. 

Cooper,  W.  R.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  his  election  was  unsuccessfully  contested, 
And  he  served  from  March  10,  1840,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Corbett,  Henry  W.,  was  born  at  Westborough, 
Massachusetts,  February  18,  1827 ;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  Washington  County,  New  York,  when 
young;  received  an  academic  education;  commenced 
mercantile  pursuits  in  1840  at  Cambridge,  New  York; 
removed  to  New- York  City  in  1843,  continuing  there 
in  mercantile  pursuits  until  1851 ;  removed  to  Port 
land,  Oregon,  and  commenced  mercantile  business 
there  in  March,  1861 ;  was  city  treasurer,  a  member 
of  the  city  council,  and  chairman  of  the  Republican 
State  Central  Committee ;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  as  a  Union  Republican  to  succeed  J.  W. 
Nesmith,  Democrat,  and  served  from  1807  to  March 
3,  1873. 

Corlett,  William  W.,  of  Cheyenne,  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Wyoming  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  1,102  majority 
over  William  R.  Steele,  Democrat. 

Corley,  Simeon,  was  born  in  Lexington  County, 
South  Carolina,  February  10,  1823;  received  the  ru 
diments  of  an  English  education  in  the  Lexington 
Academy  from  1830  to  1834,  when  he  was  apprenticed 
to  learn  the  tailors  trade;  began  business  on  his  own 
apcount  in  1838;  of  progressive  tendencies,  he  em 
ployed  his  pen  in  advocacy  of  the  reform  movements 
of  the  day  after  1846 ;  opposed  the  first  attempted 
secession  of  South  Carolina  in  1852,  for  which,  on  the 
ground  of  his  abolitionism,  an  attempt  was  made  to 
expel  him  from  the  State;  edited  "The  South-Caro 
lina  Temperance  Standard"  in  1855-1856,  and  held 
the  office  of  grand  scribe  of  the  Sons  of  Temperance 
of  South  Carolina  during  the  same  years ;  invented 
and  patented  a  new  system  of  garment-cutting  in 
1857 ;  was  arrayed  in  hopeless  opposition  to  secession 
in  1860;  was  compelled  to  enter  the  rebel  army  in 
1863 ;  was  captured  by  the  national  troops  at  Peters 
burg,  Virginia,  April  2,  1865;  gladly  took  the  oath 
of  allegiance  June  5,  and  returned  home ;  advocated 
the  reconstruction  policy  of  Congress  in  1866 ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  South 
Carolina  in  1867;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  by  a  majority  of  2,500  over  his  old  Con 
federate  general  McGowan,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Cornell,  Ezekiel,  was  born  in  Scituate,  Rhode 
Island;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
mechanic ;  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  in  Hitch 
cock's  Rhode-Island  regiment  in  1775;  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  Rhode-Island  State  troops  in 
1776,  and  served  until  March  16,  1780;  was  a  delegate 
from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Continental  Congress  1780- 
1783;  retired  to  his  farm  at  Scituate,  where  he  passed 
the  remainder  of  his  days. 

Cornell,  Thomas,  was  born  at  White  Plains, 
New  York,  January  27,  1814;  received  a  public-school 


education;  was  engaged  in  transportation  and  bank 
ing;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,521  votes  against  10, 179  votes  for  Tuthill,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1809; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  11,692  votes  against 
12,201  votes  for  John  A.  Griswold,  Democrat. 

Corning,  Erastus,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Con 
necticut,  December  14,  1794;  removed  when  thirteen 
years  of  age  to  Troy,  New  York,  and  entered  the 
hardware  store  of  his  uncle,  Benjamin  Smith,  whose 
business  and  fortune  he  inherited;  removed  to  Al 
bany  in  1814,  and  established  the  iron-house  of  E. 
Corning  &  Company ;  was  a  State  senator  1842-1845 ; 
was  for  several  years  an  alderman,  and  subsequently 
mayor,  of  Albany ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,296  votes  against  4,631  votes  for 
Van  Dyck,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,371  votes  against  9,571  votes  for  Reynolds, 
Republican,  and  260  votes  for  Livingston,  Inde 
pendent  Democrat ;  was  a  member  of  the  Peace  Con 
gress  of  1861 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  10,814  votes  against  10,043  votes 
for  Olcott,  Republican,  and  serving  from  July  4, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  15,715  votes  against  10,065 
votes  for  Smith,  Republican,  but  resigned,  and  J.  V. 
L.  Pryn  was  chosen  in  his  place ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1867;  "died  at 
Albany,  New  York,  April  9,  1872. 

Corwin,  Franklin,  was  born  at  Lebanon,  Ohio, 
January  12,  1818;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1839;  was  a  representative  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  and  a  senator  in  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-sev 
enth  General  Assemblies  of  the  State  of  Ohio ;  re 
moved  to  Peru,  Illinois,  in  1857;  was  a  representative 
in  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty- 
sixth  General  Assemblies  of  Illinois,  and  speaker  of 
the  House  for  the  last  two  tenns ;  Avas  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,404  votes  against  8,293 
votes  for  G.  D.  A.  Parks,  Liberal  and  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,960  votes  against 
10,303  votes  for  A.  Campbell,  Democrat  and  Inde 
pendent. 

Corwin,  Moses  B.  (brother  of  Thomas  Cor 
win),  was  born  in  Bourbon  County,  Kentucky,  Jan 
uary  5,  1790 ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1812,  and  commenced  practice  at  Urbana, 
Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1838  and  1839;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  8,771  votes  against  6,215  votes  for 
John  A.  Corwin  (his  son),  Democrat,  and  serving 
froin  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  8,561 
votes  against  5,780  votes  for  Young,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855; 
died  at  Urbana,  Ohio,  April  7,  1872. 

Corwin,  Thomas  (brother  of  Moses  B.  Cor- 
wiu),  was  born  in  Bourbon  County,  Kentucky,  July 
29,  1794;  removed  to  Lebanon,  Ohio,  where  he  was 
reared  on  his  father's  farm;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1818,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Lebanon ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  1822-1829;  was  a  zealous  Freemason,  attaining 
the  position  of  grand  master  of  Ohio ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty- 
sixth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1831, 
to  1840,  when  he  resigned;  and  was  elected  governor 
of  OLio  by  19,003  majority,  defeating  Willson  Shan- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


347 


non,  who  in  turn  defeated  him  in  1842 ;  was  elected 
a  senator  from  Ohio,  serving  from  December  1, 
184.),  to  July  22,  1850,  when  he  resigned,  having 
heen  appointed  secretary  of  the  treasury  by  President 
Taylor,  and  serving  until  March  3,  1853;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  8,8(56  votes  against  5,020  votes  for 
C.  W.  Blair,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3, 1801 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  but  resigned,  having  been  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  minister  to  Mexico,  and  serving 
from  March  22,  1801,  to  September  1, 1804;  located  at 
Washington  City,  and  died  there  very  suddenly,  of 
heart  disease,  December  18,  1805. 

Cottman,  Joseph  S.,  was  born  in  Somerset 
County,  Maryland,  August  10,  1803;  received  a  clas 
sical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1820,  and  commenced  practice  at  Upper  Trappe, 
Maryland;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor 
and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-seco)id  Con 
gress  as  an  Independent  Whig,  receiving  1,717  votes 
against  1,509  votes  for  Henry,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  and  died 
at  Upper  Trappe,  Somerset  County,  Maryland,  in 
1803. 

Cotton,  Aylett  R.,  was  born  at  Austintown, 
Ohio,  November  29,  1820;  removed  with  his  father 
to  Iowa  in  1844;  was  a  student  at  Alleghany  College, 
Meadville,  Pennsylvania,  in  1845;  taught  school  in 
Fayette  County,  Tennessee,  .in  1840-1847;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Clinton  County, 
Iowa,  in  1848;  crossed  the  plains  to  California  in 
1849,  and  returned  to  Iowa  in  1851 ;  was  county  judge 
of  Clinton  County,  Iowa,  in  1851-1853;  was  prose- 
cuting-attorney  of  the  same  county  in  1854;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Iowa  in  1857;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1808  and  1870,  serving  the  last 
term  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Iowa  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  13,580  votes  against  9,338  votes  for  W.  E. 
Leffingwell,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  12,521  votes  against 
12,340  votes  for  W.  E.  Leffingwell,  Liberal,  serving 
from  Marcli  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Cottrell,  James  La  Fayette,  was  elected  to 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Alabama  in 
1834,  1830,  and  1837;  and  to  the  State  Senate  in  1838 
for  three  years,  serving  as  president  in  1840 ;  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Twen 
ty-ninth  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  W.  L.  Yancey)  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  428  votes  against  398  votes  for  S.  Beaman,  Mr. 
Yancey' s  half-brother,  and  serving  from  December 
7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  nominated  on  the  Cass 
electoral  ticket  in  1848,  but  resigned,  and  removed  to 
Florida,  where  he  engaged  actively  in  politics. 

Coulter,  Richard,  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Greensburgh; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twentieth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Congress 
es,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1835; 
was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania; 
and  died  near  Greensburgh,  Pennsylvania,  April  21, 
1852. 

Covington,  Leonard,  was  born  at  Aquasco, 
Maryland,  October  30,  1708;  received  a  thorough 
English  education;  entered  the  army,  by  appoint 
ment. from  President  Washington,  as  cornet  of  caval 
ry,  March  14,  1792;  distinguished  himself  in  Wayne's 
campaigns;  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy,  and  re 
signed  September  12,  1795;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1807;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  lieuten 


ant-colonel  of  light  dragoons  January  9,  1809,  ami 
colonel  February  15,  1809;  commanded  the  expedi 
tion  which  occupied  West  Florida  in  1810;  was  pro 
moted  brigadier-general  August  1,  1813,  and  ordered 
to  the  Northern  frontier;  fought  gallantly  and  fell  at 
the  battle  of  Chrystler's  Fields  November  11,  1813, 
and  died  the  next  day.  His  remains  were  removed 
to  Sackett's  Harbor,  and  re-interred  there  August 
13,  1820. 

Covode,  John,  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Pennsylvania,  March  17,  1808;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  engaged  in  agricul 
tural,  manufacturing,  and  transportation  pursuits; 
became  largely  interested  in  the  coal  trade;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  anti-Masonic  Whig, 
receiving  9,342  votes  against  0,588  votes  for  Drum- 
mond,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,409  votes 
against  8,724  votes  for  M.  Kinby,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
9,257  votes  against  8,105  votes  for  H.  D.  Foster, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,709  votes  against  9,701  votes  for 
Phelps,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1803. 

Cowan,  Edgar,  was  born  in  Westmoreland  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  September  19,  1815;  thrown  upon 
his  own  resources,  he  obtained  a  good  education, 
graduating  at  Franklin  College,  Ohio,  in  1839;  was 
by  turn  a  raftsman,  boat-builder,  schoolmaster,  and 
student  of  medicine,  finally  devoting  himself  to  the 
law,  obtaining  admission  to  the  bar,  arid  commencing 
practice  at  Greensburg ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in. 
1800  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Re 
publican,  serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3, 1807; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  at 
Philadelphia  in  1800;  and  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson,  in  January,  1807,  minister  to  Austria,  but 
the  Senate  did  not  confirm  the  nomination. 

Cowan,  Jacob  P.,  was  born  at  Florence,  Penn 
sylvania,  March  20,  1823;  removed  with  his  parents 
in  1835  to  Steubenville,  Ohio ;  was  engaged  in  manu 
facturing  until  1843,  when  he  commenced  the  study 
of  medicine;  removed  to  Ashland  County,  Ohio,  in 
1840,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession ; 
attended  lectures,  and  graduated  at  Starling  Medical 
College,  Columbus;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  in  1855,  and  was  re-elected  in  1857; 
returned  to  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  1859;  was 
president  of  the  Citizens'  Bank  of  Ashland,  and  a 
dealer  in  real  estate;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  12,394  votes  against  7,214  votes  for 
W.  W.  Armstrong,  Republican,  and  399  votes  for 
Martin  Deal,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  December 
0,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Cowen,  Benjamin  Sprague,  was  born  at 
Washington  County,  New  York,  September  27,  1793; 
was  reared  on  a  farm;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  medicine;  served  as  a  private  in 
the  war  of  1812;  removed  to  Moorfield,  Ohio,  in  1820; 
practised  medicine  and  studied  law  there;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced  practice 
at  St.  Clairville,  Ohio;  was  editor  of  "  The  Belmont 
Chronicle"  1830-1840;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Whig  Convention  which  nominated  Harrison  and 
Tyler  in  1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  an  anti- 
slavery  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March 
3,  1843 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1845  and  1840;  became  presiding  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1847;  was  for 
many  years  president  of  a  local  Bible  society;  and 
died  at  St.  Clairville,  Ohio,  September  27,  1800. 

Cowles,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Otisco,  New 
York;  graduated  at  Hamilton  College,  New  York,  in 
1845,  and  was  engaged  in  teaching  until  1853;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854;  was  elected 


348 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


judge  of  "Wayne  County,  New  York,  in  1803,  and  was 
re-elected  iii  1807;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republi 
can,  receiving  17,234  votes  against  12,743  votes  for 
Ross,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

Cowles,  Henry  B.,  was  born  at  Hartford,  Con 
necticut,  March  18,  1798,  and  removed  with  his  father 
to  Dutchess  County,  New  York,  in  1809;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Union  College  in 
1810;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Putnam  County;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1820,  1827,  and  1828;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3, 1831 ;  removed  in 
1834  to  New  York,  and  practised  there. 

Cox,  Jacob  D.,  was  born  at  Montreal,  Canada, 
October  27,  1828,  his  parents  being  natives  of  the 
United  States,  temporarily  sojourning  there ;  and  was 
reared  in  the  city  of  New  York;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Oberlin  College  in  1851; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Warren,  Ohio ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1859;  entered  the  Union  army 
as  brigadier-general  of  Ohio  volunteers  April  23, 
1801 ;  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  of  United- 
States  volunteers  May  14,  1801 ;  served  in  the  Ninth 
Corps  at  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antie- 
tam;  was  assigned  a  division  of  the  Twenty-third 
Army  Corps  in  the  fall  of  1803,  although  there  was 
no  vacancy  for  his  promotion  as  major-general; 
served  under  Sherman  at  the  siege  of  Atlanta,  and 
under  Thomas  in  the  campaigns  of  Franklin  and 
Nashville;  was  commissioned" as  major-general  in 
December,  1804;  was  sent  with  his  corps  to  North 
Carolina  in  1805,  and  received  the  surrender  of  Gen 
eral  Johnston ;  was  elected  governor  of  Ohio  in  Octo 
ber,  1805,  and  declined  a  renomination  in  1807;  re 
moved  to  Cincinnati,  and  there  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  was  secretary  of  the  interior  in  President 
Grant's  first  cabinet,  March,  1809 -December,  1870; 
returned  to  Cincinnati  and  to  legal  practice;  was 
made  president  of  the  Wabash  Railroad  in  October, 
1873,  and  removed  to  Toledo  to  take  charge  of  it ;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,270  votes  against  15,301 
votes  for  Frank  II.  Hurd,  Democrat. 

Cox,  James  (grandfather  of  S.  S.  Cox),  was 
born  at  Monmouth,  New  Jersey,  June  14,  1753;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  commanded  a  com 
pany  of  militia  at  the  battles  of  Germantown  and  of 
Monmouth,  and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen 
eral;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
Assembly,  and  one  year  its  speaker;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Tenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Madison  Democrat,  serving  from  May  22, 
1809,  until  he  died,  while  a  member  of  the  House,  at 
Monmouth,  September  12,  1810. 

Cox,  Leander  M.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Flcmingsburg,  Kentucky;  was  grand  mas 
ter  of  Masons  in  Kentucky  in  1843;  was  captain  in 
the  Third  Kentucky  Volunteers,  raised  for  the  Mexi 
can  war  in  October,  1847;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Scott  .and  Graham  ticket  in  1852 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,006  votes  against 
5,974  votes  for  T.  M.  Rice,  and  some  votes  for  A. 
Young;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  8,083  votes  against 
6,598  votes  for  Stanton,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  defeated  as 
the  American  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,534  votes  against  8,748  votes  for 
John  W.  Stevenson,  Democrat. 

Cox,  Samuel  Sullivan  (grandson  of  James 
Cox),  of  New  York,  was  born  at  Zanesville,  Ohio, 
September  30,  1824;  attended  Ohio  University, 
Athens,  but  graduated  at  Brown  University,  Provi 
dence,  in  the  class  of  1340;  studied  and  practised 


(law;  was  owner  and  editor  of  "The  Columbus 
j  (Ohio)  Statesman"  in  1853  and  1854;  was  appoint 
ed  secretary  of  legation  to  Peru  in  1855;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Chicago,  New- York,  and  St.  Louis  Demo 
cratic  Conventions  of  1804,  1808,  and  1876;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  the  Columbus  district 
of  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
9,560  votes  against  8,913  votes  for  L.  Case,  Republi 
can  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty- 
eighth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to 
March  3,  1865 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  9,587 
votes  against  12,750  votes  for  S.  Shellabarger,  Demo 
crat;  removed  to  New- York  City  in  March,  1805;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  12,302  votes  against  9,682 
votes  for  Starr,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  9,228  votes  against 
8,203  votes  for  Horace  Greeley,  Republican,  and  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  representative  at 
large  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  400,097 
votes  against  438,436  votes  for  Lyman  Tremainc,  Re 
publican  ;  but  was  subsequently  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat  (to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  Brooks), 
receiving  12,674  votes  against  5,742  for  Julius  Wads- 
worth,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  13,702  votes  against  3,428 
votes  for  J.  H.  Campbell,  Republican;  was  appointed 
speaker  pro  tern,  of  the  House  June  7,  1870,  and  elect 
ed  speaker  pro  tern.  June  19,  1870,  serving  until  he 
vacated  the  office  June  24,  1876;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,098  votes 
against  41  votes  for  A.  J.  Duganne,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873.  Published  "The 
Buckeye  Abroad,"  1852;  "Eight  Years  in  Con 
gress,"  1865;  "Search  for  Winter  Sunbeams ;"  and 
numerous  magazine  articles  and  lectures. 

Coxe,  Tench,  was  born  at  Philadelphia  May  22, 
1755 ;  received  a  thorough  English  education ;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  entered  into  partnership 
with  his  father  in  1770;  was  a  commissioner  to  the 
Federal  Convention  at  Annapolis  in  1780;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1788;  was 
assistant  secretary  of  the  treasury  in  1790;  was  reve 
nue  commissioner  in  1792;  was  purveyor  of  the  pub 
lic  supplies  1803-181 2;  and  died  at  Philadelphia  July 
17,  1824.  He  published  a  number  of  pamphlets  on 
American  commerce  and  manufactures. 

Coxe,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  Burlington,  New 
Jersey ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  serving  one  year  as  speaker ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
to  March  2,  1815;  died  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey. 

Crabb,  George  W.,  was  torn  in  Tennessee, 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Ala 
bama  when  young,  and  settled  at  Tuscaloosa; 
then  the  seat  of  government;  was  elected  assistant 
secretary  of  the  State  Senate,  and  subsequently 
comptroller  of  public  accounts;  served  in  the  Florida 
Indian  war  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Alabama 
Volunteers;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Alabama,  and  major-general  of  militia;  was  elected 
a  representative  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (to  fill 
a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Joab  Lawler) 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,406  votes  against  4,303  votes 
for  Harvey  W.  Ellis,  Democrat;  Avas  re-elected  to  (he 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  909  ma 
jority  over  Harvey  W.  Ellis,  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  an  unsuc 
cessful  candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  on  general  ticket;  espoused  the 
cause  of  "Polk,  Dallas,  and  Texas,"  in  1844;  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  County  Court  of  Mobile  in 
1846;  visited  Cuba  that  winter  for  his  health;  and, 
going  to  Philadclpliia  for  medical  advice,  died  thero 
in  1847. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


349 


Crabb,  Jeremiah,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to 
1796,  when  he  resigned. 

Cradlebaugh,  John,  was  born  in  Ohio ;  removed 
to  Carson  City,  Nevada  Territory;  was  elected  a  dele 
gate  from  Nevada  Territory  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  July  4, 1SG1,  to  March  3, 1863; 
was  appointed  United-States  district  judge  for  the 
district  of  Utah. 

Crafts,  Samuel  Chandler,  was  born  at  Wood 
stock,  Connecticut,  October  (5, 1768;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1790; 
removed  to  Vermont  with  his  father,  who  founded 
the  town  of  Craftsbury,  of  which  he  was  town-clerk, 
1792-1829;  was  the  youngest  delegate  to  the  Vermont 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1793 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  179G,  1800, 
1801,  1803,  and  1805,  and  clerk  of  the  House  in  1798- 
1799;  was  register  of  probate  179G-1815;  accompanied 
the  younger  M.  Michaux  in  a  botanical  reconnois- 
sancc  of  the  Mississippi  valley  in  1802;  was  a  judge  of 
the  Orleans-county  Court  1800-1816,  and  1825-1828 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire 
in  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eigh 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1817, 
until  March  3,  1825;  was  governor  of  Vermont  1829- 
1832;  was  a  member  of  the  Vermont  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1829,  and  served  as  its  president ;  was 
appointed  by  the  governor  of  Vermont,  and  subse 
quently  elected,  to  the  United-States  Senate,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel 
Prentiss,  serving  from  April  30,  1842,  until  March  3, 
1843;  and  died  at  Craftsbury,  Vermont,  November 
19,  1853. 

Cragin,  Aaron  H.,  was  born  at  Wcston,  Ver 
mont,  February  1,  1821;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Albany,  New  York,  in  1847,  and  practised  at  Lebanon, 
New  Hampshire ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1852-1855;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  12,126  votes 
against  8,640  votes  for  W.  P.  Wheeler,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  10,983  votes  against  9,841  votes 
for  W.  P.  Wheeler,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859;  resumed  practice;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  as  a  Republican  to 
succeed  John  P.  Hale,  Republican;  and  was  re-elect 
ed,  serving  from  March  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1877; 
was  appointed  by  President  Hayes  one  of  the  com 
missioners  for  the  sale  of  the  Hot  Springs  of  Ar 
kansas. 

Craig,  Hector,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1, 1823,  to  March  3, 1825 ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  7, 1829,  to  July  12,  1830,  when  he 
resigned. 

Craig,  James,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  May 
7,  1820;  received  an  English  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
St.  Joseph,  Missouri ;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico 
as  captain  of  the  Missouri  Mounted  Volunteers ;  was 
State  attorney  for  the  twelfth  judicial  circuit  1852- 
1856 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,742  votes  against  G,274  votes  for  Moss,  American; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  14,439  votes  against  7,824  votes  for  Adams, 
American,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
3, 1861 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers,  and  served  in  the  Union  army. 

Craig,  Robert,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  receiving  222  major 
ity  over  David  Smith,  serving  from  December  7r  1829, 


to  March  2,  1833 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Jackson  Dem 
ocratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
receiving  1,695  votes  against  1,757  votes  for  S.  M. 
Moore,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  1,160  majority  over  S.  M.  Moore, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
defeating  Edward  Johnson,  Whig ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Craige,  Burton,  was  born  in  Rowan  County, 
North  Carolina,  March  13,  1811 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating"  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1829;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Salisbury;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina 
in  1832  and  1834;  visited  Europe  for  his  health  in 
1836;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,999  votes  against 
5,649  votes  for  Osborne,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  "a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,744  votes  against  4,104  votes  for  Stowe,  Know-Noth 
ing;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,394  votes  against  539  scatter 
ing  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,495  votes  against  4,075 
votes  for  Walkup,  Opposition,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  until  he  resigned  in  1861 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  which  dissolved  the  union  between 
North  Carolina  and  the  other  States ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Provisional  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States 
which  met  at  Richmond  in  July,  1861;  retired  to 
private  life,  declining  to  serve  in  the  Constitutional 
Convention  after  the  Avar,  or  to  apply  for  a  removal 
of  his  political  disabilities;  and  died  at  Salisbury, 
North  Carolina,  December  29,  1875. 

Craik,  "William,  was  born  near  Port  Tobacco, 
Maryland;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Fourth 
Congress  in  place  of  Jeremiah  Crabb,  resigned ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  5,  1796,  to  March  3,  1801;  was  ap 
pointed  a  judge  of  the  United-States  District  Court, 
and  subsequently  chief  justice  of  the  fifth  judicial 
district  of  Maryland. 

Cramer,  John,  was  born  at  Waterford,  New 
York,  September  26,  1779;  was  chosen  presidential 
elector  on  the  Jefferson  and  Clinton  ticket  in  1805 ; 
served  in  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1806 
and  1811;  was  State  senator  1823-1825;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1821 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  2, 1833,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  died  at 
Waterford,  New  York,  June  1,  1870. 

Crane,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  at  Elizabethtown, 
New  Jersey,  in  1782;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  law,  and  practised;  removed  to  Dayton, 
Ohio;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twen 
ty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7, 1829,  to  March 
3,  1837 ;  died  at  Dayton,  Ohio,  November  12,  1832. 

Crane,  Stephen,  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  and 
was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1776. 

Cranston,  Henry  Y.,  was  born  at  Newport, 
Rhode  Island,  October  9,  1789;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  worked  at  a  trade,  and  was  a  clerk 
when  a  lad;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1809,  and  commenced  practice  at  Newport;  was  clc.'k 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1818-1833;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention;  was 
ft  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1827-1843;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode 
Island  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig., 
receiving  1,521  majority;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4, 


350 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  and  served  three 
sessions  as  speaker,  finally  retiring  from  public  life  in 
1854;  died  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  February  12, 
1804. 

Cranston,  Robert  B.,  was  born  at  Newport, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1791 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  was  employed  in  the  collection  of  internal 
revenue;  was  elected  sheriff  of  Newport  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  cashier  of  the  Newport  Exchange  Bank,  post 
master  of  Newport,  and  cashier  of  the  Newport 
Traders'  Bank;  was  several  years  elected  to  tbe  State 
Senate  or  House  of  Representatives,  serving  one  year 
as  speaker  of  the  House;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  law-and-order  Whig,  receiv 
ing  3,310  votes  against  2,422  votes  for  B.  B.  Thurston, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  0,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  elected  mayor  of  Newport,  but 
declined  serving.  lie  bequeathed  $75,000  to  those 
poor  people  in  Newport  "who  are  too  honest  to 
steal,  and  too  proud  to  beg;"  and  died  at  Newport, 
Rhode  Island,  January  27,  1873. 

Crapo,  William  Wallace,  was  born  at  Dart 
mouth,  Massachusetts,  May  l(i,  1830;  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools  of  New  Bedford,  at  Phillips 
Academy,  Andover,  and  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1852;  studied  law  at  Dane  Law  School,  Cambridge, 
and,  with  John  H.  Clifford  of  Massachusetts,  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  New  Bedford; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1857;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Hon.  James 
Buftinton),  receiving  9,553  votes  against  5,017  votes 
for  Charles  G.  Davis,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,153  votes  against 
6,179  votes  for  Joseph  M.  Day,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  0,  1875. 

Crary,  Isaac  E.,  was  born  at  Preston,  Connect 
icut;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Marshall,  Michigan;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Michigan,  and  was  subsequently  elected  a  rep 
resentative  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat;  wras  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  10,750  votes  against  10,552  votes  for  Wells ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  January  27,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841; 
died  at  Marshall,  Michigan,  May  8,  1854. 

Cravens,  James  A.,  was  born  in  Rockingham 
County,  Virginia,  November  4,  1818,  and  removed 
with  his  father  to  Indiana  in  1820;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser; 
served  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  as  major  of  the  Sec 
ond  Indiana  Volunteers,  from  June,  1840-1847 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1848-1849,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1850-1853;  was 
commissioned  as  brigadier-general  of  militia  in  1854; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating 
John  S.  Davis,  Independent;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,911  votes 
against  0,211  votes  for  W.  Q.  Gresham,  Union  Re 
publican,  serving  from  July  4, 1801,  to  March  3, 1805; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  at 
Philadelphia  in  1800,  and  to  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  at  New  York  in  1808. 

Cravens,  James  H.,  was  born  in  Rockingham 
County,  Virginia,  in  1798;  removed  to  Indiana  early 
in  life,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  UK; Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  1,014  majority,  and  serv 
ing  from  May  31, 1841,  to  March  3, 1843;  was  defeated 
as  tbe  Free-soil  candidate  for  governor;  served  in  the 
war  for  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion  as  colonel  of 
a  regiment  of  Indiana  volunteers. 


Crawford,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  Georgia,  December  22,  1798;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  in  1820; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Augusta,  Georgia,  in  1822;  was 
attorney-general  of  the  State  of  Georgia  1827-1831; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1837-1842;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Richard  W.  Habersham,  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  February  1,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1843 ;  was  elected  governor  of  Georgia  in  1843,  and 
re-elected  in  1845 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Tay 
lor  secretary  of  war,  serving  from  March  7,  1849,  to 
August  15,  1850;  travelled  in  Europe. 

Crawford,  Joel,  was  bom  in  Columbia  County, 
Georgia,  June  15,  1783;  was  educated  by  private 
tutors;  studied  LIAV  at  the  Litchficld  Law  School; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1808  at  Sparta,  but  soon  removed  to  Milledgcville; 
served  in  the  war  against  the  Creek  Indians  as 
second  lieutenant,  and  aide-de-camp  to  Brigadier- 
General  Floyd,  1813-1814;  resumed  practice  at  Mil 
ledgcville;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1814-1817;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March 
3,  1821;  declined  are-election;  was  for  several  years 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature;  was  appointed 
in  1820  a  commissioner  to  run  the  boundary-line 
between  Alabama  and  Georgia;  was  elected  in  1837 
a  State  commissioner  to  locate  and  construct  the 
Western  and  Atlantic  Railroad;  and  died  in  Early 
County,  Georgia,  April  5,  1858. 

Crawford,  Martin  J.,  was  born  in  Jasper 
County,  Georgia,  March  17,  1820;  received  a  classical 
education  at  Mercer  University;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  February,  1839,  and  com 
menced  practice,  but  the  death  of  his  father  forced 
him  to  devote  his  attention  to  planting;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1845-1847; 
wras  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Southern  Convention  at 
Nashville  in  May,  1850;  was  judge  of  the  superior 
courts  of  the  Chattahoochee  circuit  1853-1855;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  953  major 
ity  over  Willis  A.  Hawkins,  American ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,220  votes 
against  0,305  votes  for  S.  C.  Elane,  American ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
8,279  votes  against  0,437  votes  for  M.  Douglas,  Amer 
ican,  and  417  votes  for  J.  N.  Bcthune,  free-trade 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  Janu 
ary  23,  1801,  when  he  retired  from  the  House;  was 
elected  by  the  Secession  Convention  of  Georgia  a 
deputy  to  the  Confederate  Provisional  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  January,  1801,  to  February  22,  1802 ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Davis  a  special  commissioner  to 
the  government  of  the  United  States  at  Washington ; 
raised  the  Third  Georgia  Cavalry  Regiment  in  May, 
1802 ;  served  with  it  one  year,  and  was  then  placed 
on  the  staff  of  Major-General  Howell  Cobb,  on  which 
he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  appointed, 
in  September,  1875,  judge  of  the  superior  courts  of 
the  Chattahtochce  circuit  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Judge  James  Johnson;  and  was 
re-appointed  in  1877  for  eight  years. 

Crawford,  Thomas  Hartley,  was  born  at 
Chambersburg,  Pennsylvania,  November  14,  1780; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1804;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1807,  and  commenced  practice  at  Cham 
bersburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 
2, 1833 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1833;  was  appointed  in  1830  a  commis 
sioner  to  investigate  alleged  frauds  in  the  sale  of  the 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


351 


Creek  reservations ;  was  appointed  by  President  Van 
Buren  commissioner  of  Indian  affairs,  serving  from 
October  22,  1838,  to  October  30,  1845 ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Polk  judge  of  the  Criminal  Court  of 
the  District  of  Columbia,  serving  from  1845  until  his 
death,  at  Washington  City,  January  27,  1803. 

Crawford,  William,  was  born  at  Paisley, 
Scotland,  in  1700;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  medicine  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh, 
and  received  his  degree  in  1791 ;  immigrated  to  the 
United  States ;  settled  near  Gettysburg ;  purchased  a 
farm  on  Marsh  Creek  in  1795,  and  passed  the  rem 
nant  of  his  life  there,  practising  medicine  among 
his  friends;  was  an  associate  judge  for  Adams 
County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1817 ;  resumed  practice ;  and  died  in  1823. 

Crawford,  William  Harris,  was  born  in  Am- 
herst  County,  Virginia,  February  24,  1772;  removed 
with  his  father  to  Georgia  in  1783;  received  an 
academic  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Lexington ;  was  appointed  in 
1799  to  prepare  a  digest  of  the  laws  of  Georgia ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1803- 
1807;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Geor 
gia  in  place  of  Abraham  Baldwin,  deceased,  serving 
from  December  9,  1807,  to  March  3,  1813;  and  was 
elected  president  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  March 
24,  1812;  declined  the  position  of  secretary  of  war 
offered  him  by  President  Madison,  and  accepted  the 
mission  to  France,  serving  from  April  3,  1813,  to 
April  22,  1815 ;  returned  to  act  as  agent  for  the  sale  of 
the  lands  donated  by  Congress  to  La  Fayettc;  accept 
ed  the  position  of  secretary  of  war  March  2,  1815, 
and  was  transferred  to  the  treasury  October  22,  1810, 
serving  until  March  7,  1825;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  president  in  1825,  receiving 
but  41  electoral  votes  and  four  States,  when  the  elec 
tion  was  thrown  into  the  House ;  was  stricken  down 
by  illness,  and  declined  the  request  of  President  J. 
Q.  Adams  that  he  remain  secretary  of  the  treasury; 
returned  to  Georgia,  where  he  was  appointed  in  1827 
judge  of  the  Northern  Circuit  Court,  and  held  the 
position  until  he  died,  at  Elbcrton,  Georgia,  Septem 
ber  15,  1834. 

Creamer,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  Ireland 
May  20,  1843 ;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools 
of  the  city  of  New  York;  engaged  in  mercantile 
business  at  an  early  age ;  was  elected  to  the  New- 
York  State  Assembly  in  1804,  1805,  and  18GG;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1807,  and  re-elected  in 
1809,  serving  four  years  in  that  body ;  was  appointed 
tax  commissioner  for  New- York  City  in  1809,  serv 
ing  as  such  until  May,  1873;  was  president  of  the 
Young  Democracy  General  Committee  in  their  con 
test  against  Tammany  in  1870;  was  delegate  to  the 
Baltimore  National  Convention  in  1872;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,100 
votes  against  8,270  votes  for  C.  Gcib,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Crebs,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Middleburg, 
Loudon  County,  Virginia,  April  9,  1830;  went  with 
his  parents  to  Illinois  in  1837 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education,  and,  during  his  minority,  worked 
upon  a  farm;  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  he  com 
menced  the  study  of  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1852,  and  settled  in  White  County,  Illinois,  where 
he  practised  his  profession;  in  1802  he  entered  the 
Union  army  as  lieutenant-colonel;  participated  in  all 
the  Mississippi  movements  until  the  capture  of  Vicks- 
burg,  and  was  also  in  the  Arkansas  campaign,  com 
manding  a  brigade  of  cavalry  in  the  department  of 
the  Gulf;  after  the  war  he  returned  to  his  profession, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,704 
votes  against  14,201  votes  for  Raum,  Repiiblican ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 


receiving  13,949  votes  against  12,3G6  votes  for  D. 
W.  Munn,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1873. 

Creighton,  William,  jun.,  was  born  in  Berke 
ley  County,  Virginia,  October  29,  1778;  received  a 
classical  education ;  graduated  at  Dickinson  College ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1798; 
removed  to  Chillicothc,  Ohio,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  secretary  of  the  State  of  Ohio  in  1803 ;  was 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  177  majority  over  Abram  Claypool,  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  until  March  3,  1817;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  a 
majority  of  1,572  over  John  Thompson;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  an  Adams 
man,  defeating  C.  Wallace,  Jacksonian ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  thc'Twenty-sccond  Congress,  serving  from 
Dccember3,  1827,  until  March  3, 1833;  was  appointed 
a  judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  the  district  of 
Ohio  at  the  expiration  of  his  congressional  term; 
and  died  at  Chillicothc,  Ohio,  October  8,  1851. 

Crisfield,  John  W\,  was  born  in  Kent  County, 
Maryland,  November  0, 1808 ;  received  a  liberal  cduca- 
cation  at  Washington  College,  Chcstertown;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Somerset  County,  Maryland ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature  in  1830 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,497  votes  against  3,700  votes  for 
the  Democratic  candidate,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  G,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  was  a  dele- 
jate  to  the  Peace  Congress  in  1801 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Union  Republi 
can,  receiving  7,181  votes  against  5,331  votes  for  D. 
M.  Henry,  peace  Democrat,  and  serving  from  July  4, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,482  votes  against  0,742  votes  for  John  A.  J. 
Crcswell,  Union  Republican;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1800. 

Crist,  Henry,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1704; 
was  taken  by  his  father  to  Pennsylvania  when  he  was 
a  lad,  and  received  a  public-school  education  there ; 
removed  to  Bullitt  County,  Kentucky,  in  1788,  and 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  salt;  was  attacked 
by  a  party  of  Indians,  and,  after  having  been  wound 
ed,  saved  his  life  by  remaining  concealed  four  days 
without  food ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  of  Kentucky  in  1795,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1800-1804 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 1811 ;  died  in  Bul 
litt  County,  Kentucky,  in  1844. 

Critcher,  John,  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Virginia,  March  11,  1820;  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Virginia  in  1839,  and  afterwards 
studied  three  years  at  the  University  of  France; 
studied  law,  and  practised  several  years;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  of  Virginia,  and  to  the  State  Con 
vention  of  1801 ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
lieutenant-colonel  of  cavalry ;  was  afterward  appoint 
ed  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  circuit  of  Virginia, 
but  was  removed  by  the  thirty-day  resolution  of  Con 
gress  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Conservative,  re 
ceiving  10,282  votes  against  0,018  votes  for  W.  W. 
Douglas,  Republican,  and  5,043  votes  for  D.  M.  Nor 
ton,  colored  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871, 
to  March  3,  1873. 

Crittenden,  John  Jordan,  was  bom  in  Wood- 
ford  County,  Kentucky,  September  10,  1780 ;  received 
an  academic  education;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
aide  to  Governor  Shelby;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representative? 
in  1810;  was  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819; 
practised  from  1819  to  1835,  serving  several  years  in 


352 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  again 
United-States  senator,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  appointed  attorney-gen 
eral  of  the  United  States  by  President  Harrison, 
serving  from  March  5,  1841,  to  September  13,  1841 ; 
was  again  United -States  senator,  serving  from 
March  31,  1842,  until  he  resigned  in  1848;  was 
elected  governor  of  Kentucky  1848-1850;  was  again 
appointed  attorney-general  by  President  Fillmore, 
serving  from  July  20,  1850,  to  March  3,  1853;  was 
again  United-States  senator,  serving  from  December 

3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Unionist,   receiving  8,272  votes  against  5,70(3 
votes  for  Simms,  Secessionist,  and  serving  from  July 

4,  18(51,  to  March  3,  1863;   died  at  Frankfort,  Ken 
tucky,  July  26,  1863. 

Crittenden,  Thomas  T.,  was  born  in  Shelby 
County,  Kentucky,  January  2,  1834;  graduated  at 
Centre  College,  Danville,  Kentucky,  in  April,  1855; 
studied  law  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Warrensburg,  Missouri; 
was  appointed  attorney-general  of  Missouri  in  1864 
by  Governor  Willard  P.  Hall  to  fill  out  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  Ackman  Welsh,  deceased ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  16,341  votes 
against  14,770  votes  for  S.  S.  Burdctt,  Republican, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1773,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Crocheron,  Henry,  resided  in  Richmond  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4, 1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Crocheron,  Jacob,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829, 
to  March  3,  1831;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Van  Buren  and  Johnson  ticket  in  1837. 

Crocker,  Alvah,  was  born  at  Leominster,  Mas 
sachusetts,  October  14,  1801 ;  became  a  factory  opera 
tive  at  eight  years  of  age ;  secured  an  academic  edu 
cation  ;  became  proprietor  of  paper  manufactories  at 
Fitchburg;  was  president  of  the  Boston  and  Fitch- 
burg  Railroad;  was  a  commissioner  of  the  Hoosac 
Tunnel ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1836,  1842,  and  1843 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  two  terms ;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  January  2, 1872,  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  William  B. 
Washburn,  elected  governor  of  Massachusetts) ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
14,919  votes  against  4,588  votes  for  D.  W.  Bond, 
Democrat,  serving  from  February  14,  1872,  until  he 
died,  at  Fitchburg,  Massachusetts,  December  26, 
1874. 

Crocker,  Samuel  L.,  was  born  at  Taunton, 
Massachusetts,  March  31,  1804;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1822 ; 
engaged  in  manufacturing;  was  a  member  of  the 
Executive  Council  of  Massachusetts  in  1849;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  on  the 
first  ballot  5,303  votes  against  2,956  votes  for  A.  M. 
Ide,  Democrat,  4,305  votes  for  G.  M.  Wcston,  Free 
Soil,  and  723  scattering  votes,  and  receiving  a  plu 
rality  on  the  second  trial,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 


tioiiary  soldier;  became  noted  as  a  bear-hunter  and 
marksman ;  commanded  a  battalion  of  mounted  rifle 
men  under  General  Jackson  in  the  Creek  campaign 
1813-1814;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
1  wentieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  3,045  ma 
jority  over  Adam  Alexander,  Democrat;  and  was 


re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  froi 
December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  defeated  a 


the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  3,416  votes  against  4,603  votes  for  William 
Fitzgerald,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-third  Congress,  receiving  164  majority  over  Wil 
liam  Fitzgerald,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  went  to  Texas  to  aid 
in  the  struggle  there  for  independence,  and  was  killed, 
while  gallantly  fighting  at  San  Antoine  de  Bexar, 
March  6,  1836.  Published  several  works  written  for 
him  by  others. 

Crockett,  John  "W.  (son  of  David  Crockett), 
was  born  at  Trenton,  Tennessee;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,885  votes  against  1,413  votes  for  A.  M. 
Hughes,  also  a  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,304  votes  against 
4,070  votes  for  S.  C.  Pavalt,  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  elected  by 
the  State  legislature  attorney-general  for  the  ninth 
district  of  Tennessee  November  1,  1841;  removed  to 
New  Orleans,  and  became  associate  editor  of  "  The 
National"  May  22,  1848;  removed  to  Memphis,  Ten 
nessee,  and  died  there  November  24,  1852. 

Crooke,  Philip  S.,  was  bom  at  Poughkeepsie, 
New  York,  March  2,  1810;  was  educated  at  the 
Dutchess  Academy  at  Poughkecpsie ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  city  of  New  York 
in  1831;  located  at  Flatbush  in  1S38;  was  elected  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1852; 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of  the  State 
of  New  York  as  a  Republican  in  1863;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  King's  County  in 
1844-1852,  1858-1870,  and  chairman  of  the  board  in 
1801,  1862,  1864,  and  1865;  served  forty  years  in  the 
National  Guard  of  the  State  of  New  York,  from  pri 
vate  to  brigadier-general,  and  commanded  the  Fifth 
Brigade,  National  Guard,  in  Pennsylvania,  in  Juno 
and  July,  1863;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  11,012  votes  against  10,202  votes  for 
S.  J.  Colahan,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Cross,  Edward,  was  born  in  Tennessee;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  United- 
States  judge  for  the  district  of  Arkansas;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,771  votes  against 
4,218  votes  for  Cummings,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  7,876  votes 
against  5,783  votes  for  Fowler,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
9,413  votes  against  5,315  votes  for  Cummings,  Whig, 
and  1,686  votes  for  Evans,  Independent,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  appointed 
a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  July  31,  1845. 

Crossland,  Edward,  was  born  in  Hickman 
County,  Kentucky,  June  30,  1827,  and  was  educated 
there;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852, 
and  continues  to  practise  his  profession ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Kentucky  in 
1857-1858;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  in  the  first  judicial  district  of  Kentucky  in  Au 
gust,  1867,  for  six  years,  and  resigned  on  the  1st  of 
November,  1870;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,930  votes  against  2,980  votes  for 
N.  R.  Black,  "Republican,  and  1,402  votes  for  W.  C. 
Clark,  Independent  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  10,276  votes 
against  2,510  votes  for  Trabue,  Republican,  1,796  for 
II.  II.  Houston,  Republican,  and  1,473  for  J.  Martin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Crouch,  Edward,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  John  Gloninger,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815. 

Crounso,    Lorenzo,    was    born    in    Schoharie 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


353 


County,  New  York,  January  27,  1834;  received  a 
common-school  education,  supplemented  by  two 
terms  in  a  seminary;  removed  in  1855  to  Fort  Plain, 
Montgomery  County,  New  York,  and  there  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law;  raised  a  battery  of  light  ar 
tillery  in  1801 ;  entered  the  army  as  captain  in  the 
First  Regiment  New- York  State  Artillery;  was 
wounded,  and  resigned  after  a  year's  sendee;  re 
moved  in  1865  to  Nebraska  Territory ;  was  a  member 
of  the  territorial  legislature  in  1800,  and  assisted  in 
framing  and  securing  the  adoption  by  the  people  of 
the  Territory  of  its  present  State  Constitution;  was 
elected  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and 
entered  upon  his  duties  in  March,  18G7,  when  Ne 
braska  was  admitted  into  the  Union ;  at  the  expira 
tion  of  his  term  on  the  bench,  was  elected  a  represen- 
tive  from  Nebraska  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  17,124  votes  against  10,412 
votes  for  Warner,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  22,532  votes 
against  8,386  votes  for  James  W.  Savage,  Democrat, 
4,074  votes  for  James  W.  Davis,  Independent,  and  972 
votes  for  J.  G.  Miller,  Temperance,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Crowell,  John,  was  born  in  Halifax  County, 
Alabama ;  was  the  son  of  Edward  Crowell,  who  was 
a  great-nephew  of  Oliver  Cromwell ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  was  elected  delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Alabama  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  March  9,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819,  when 
the  State  Constitution  went  into  operation;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  22,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1821;  was  appointed  agent  for  the  Creek 
Indians,  then  inhabiting  Western  Georgia  and  East 
ern  Alabama,  and  occupied  the  position  until  they 
were  removed  to  the  Indian  Territory  in  1830 ;  died 
at  Fort  Mitchell,  Alabama,  June  25,  1846. 

Crowell,  John,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  re 
moved  to  Warren,  Ohio ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
8,427  votes  against  7,373  votes  for  Raney,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Crowninshield,  Benjamin  Williams,  was 
born  at  Boston,  Massachusetts,  December  27,  1772; 
received  an  English  education;  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits  at  Salem,  Massachusetts;  was  a  State 
senator  in  1811;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the  navy 
by  President  Madison  December  17,  1814;  and  re-ap 
pointed  by  President  Monroe,  resigning  in  1814;  was 
again  a  State  senator  1822,  1823 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress  by  081  majority;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  223  votes  against 
136  scattering  votes ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  1,284  votes  against  620  votes 
for  L.  Saltonstall,  and  181  votes  for  J.  S.  Cabot, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1831; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  receiving  767  votes  against 
1,750  votes  for  Rui'us  Choate,  352  votes  for  J.  S. 
Cabot,  and  84  scattering  votes ;  he  died  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  February  5,  1851. 

Crowninshield,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Salem, 
Massachusetts;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was 
defeated  as  Democratic  candidate  to  fill  the  vacancy 
in  the  Sixth  Congress  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Dwight  Foster,  by  Nathan  Read,  Federalist;  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Representa 
tives;  was  tendered  the  position  of  secretary  of  the 
navy  by  President  Jefferson,  but  declined  it;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  17,  1803,  to  April  15,  1808,  when  he  died  at  the 
City  of  Washington. 

Crozier,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Tennessee;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Knox- 


ville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  declined  a  re-elec 
tion. 

Crudup,  Josiah,  was  born  in  Wake  County, 
North  Carolina;  resided  at  Raleigh;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  receiving  1,180  majority  over  John 
Scott,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March 
3,  1823. 

Cruger,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Bath,  New  York, 
and  raised  there,  receiving  a  public-school  education ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1814-1815;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Crump,  George  "William,  was  born  in  Pow- 
hatan  County,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College;  studied  medi 
cine,  and  was  licensed  to  practise;  was  a  member  cf 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress  (in  the  place  of  John  Randolph,  resigned)  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  23  majority  over  Mr. 
Giles,  and  serving  from  February  0, 1820,  to  March  3, 
1827;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twentieth 
Congress  by  John  Randolph ;  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Jackson  chief  clerk  of  the  Pension  Bureau  in 
1832,  and  served  until  he  died,  at  Washington  City, 
in  1850. 

Crutchfield,  William,  was  born  at  Greenville, 
Tennessee,  November  Id,  1826;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  settled  in  McMinn  County,  where 
he  remained  until  1840;  was  a  practical  farmer;  re 
moved  to  Alabama  in  1S44;  became,  in  1850,  a  citizen 
of  Chattanooga,  Tennessee;  has  held  several  local 
offices,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ten 
nessee  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  10,041  votes  against  8,960  votes  for  D.  M. 
Key,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Culberson,  David  B.,  was  born  in  Troup 
County,  Georgia,  September  29,  1830;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1851,  and  commenced  practice;  removed 
to  Texas ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  of  Texas  in  1859,  and  again  in  1864,  and 
to  the  State  Senate  in  1866 ;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  as  a  private  in  1862,  and  was  promoted  until  he 
became  adjutant-general  with  the  rank  of  colonel ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  F.  W.  Sum- 
ner,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1877. 

Culbreth,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Kent  County, 
Delaware,  in  1786;  removed  to  Carolina  County, 
Maryland ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1813;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  defeating  Colonel  Porter,  Federalist;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821;  was  clerk  of  the 
Executive  Council  of  Maryland  1825-1838;  and  died 
at  his  residence;  near  Denton,  Maryland,  May  17, 1843. 

Cullen,  Elisha  D.,  was  born  at  Georgetown, 
Delaware ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Dela 
ware  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American, 
receiving  6,820  votes  against  0,334  votes  for  G.  R. 
Riddle,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3, 1857 ;  was  defeated  as  the  American 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
6,360  votes  against  8,111  votes  for  William  G.  White- 
ley,  Democrat. 

Cullom,  Alvan,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  received 
a  thorough  English  education ;  studied  law ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Living 
ston,  Tennessee ;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 


354 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,180  votes  against 
3, 050  votes  for  Bransford,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Peace  Congress  of  1801. 

Cullom,  Shelby  M.,  was  born  in  Wayne  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky,  November  22,  1829;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Tazewell  County,  Illinois,  in  1830;  was 
reared  on  a  farm,  receiving  an  academic  education ; 
studied  law  with  John  T.  Stewart;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Springfield,  Illinois;  was 
city  attorney  of  Springfield ;  was  a  presidential  elect 
or  in  1856  on  the  Fillmore  ticket;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1856  and  1860;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln, 
in  1862,  on  a  commission  to  sit  at  Cairo  for  the  ex 
amination  of  quartermasters'  accounts  and  war 
claims;  was  defeated  as  a  Union  candidate  for  the 
State  Senate,  and  for  the  Constitutional  Convention ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Union  Republican,  re 
ceiving  15,812  votes  against  14,027  votes  for  Stuart, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  18,623  votes  against  14,520  votes  for  Fowler, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  22,193  votes  against  19,309  votes  for 
Edwards,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4, 1865,  to 
March  3, 1871 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Repub 
lican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1868;  returning  to 
Springfield,  he  engaged  in  banking  under  the  Nation 
al  Banking  Law ;  was  again  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1872  and  1874, 
serving  the  first  term  as  speaker;  was  elected  gov 
ernor  of  Illinois  in  1877. 

Cullom,  William,  was  born  in  Tennessee ;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Carthage,  Ten 
nessee;  was  tried  for  killing  a  man  named  Davidson, 
and  acquitted,  as  it  was  shown  that  the  act  was  com 
mitted  in  self-defence;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  5,196  votes  against  4,145  votes  for 
Southard,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress,  receiving  5,630  votes  against  5,593 
votes  for  Gar,  serving  from  December  "l,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the  American  candi 
date  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,563 
votes  against  6,016  votes  for  Savage,  Democrat;  was 
elected  clerk  of  the  House  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  February  4,  1856,  to  December  6, 
1857. 

Culpepper,  John,  was  born  in  Anson  County, 
North  Carolina;  received  a  public-school  education; 
became  interested  in  religious  matters,  and  was  li 
censed  to  preach  to  the  Baptist  denomination ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Tenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  his  seat  was  con 
tested  by  Duncan  McFarland,  and  declared  vacant, 
January  2,  1808,  on  account  of  inequalities  in  elec 
tion  ;  he  was  subsequently  re-elected  at  a  new  elec 
tion,  and  took  his  seat  February  23,  1808,  serving  to 
March  3,  1809;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress,  receiving  20(5  majority  over  John  A.  Cam 
eron;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Fifteenth  Congress; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
by  Archibald  McNeill  ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  a  majority  of  95  votes 
over  Archibald  McNeill,  and  serving  from  December 
1, 1824,  to  March  3, 1825;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  the  Nineteenth  Congress;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  2,377  votes  against 
1,989  votes  for  John  A.  Cannon,  and  1,387  votes  for 
John  Gilchrist;  and  serving  from  December  3,  1827, 
to  March  3,  1829;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  re 
election. 

Culver,  Charles  Vernon,  was  born  at  Logan, 


Ohio,  September  6,  1830;  received  a  business  educa 
tion,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  became 
largely  interested  in  the  development  of  the  oil  re 
gions  in  Venango  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  estab 
lished  national  banks  as  a  part  of  his  extensive 
operations ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republi 
can,  receiving  13,350  votes  against  11,940  votes  for 
Corbett,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  became  bankrupt  while  he 
was  a  member  of  Congress,  and  was  imprisoned  in 
1806,  but,  after  a  prolonged  trial,  was  acquitted ;  re 
sumed  operations  in  the  oil  business. 

Culver,  Erastus  D.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Vermont  in  1826;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Greenwich ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1S38  and  1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  7,512  votes  against  5,207  votes  for  Bishop, 
Democrat,  and  474  votes  for  Corliss,  Abolition,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  minister  to  Venezue 
la,  serving  from  July  12,  1862,  to  June  30,  1866. 

Cumback,  Will,  was  born  in  Franklin  County, 
Indiana,  March  24,  1829 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  Miami  University,  Ohio; 
taught  school  for  two  years;  studied  law  at  tho 
Cincinnati  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Grcensburg,  Indiana;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,061  votes 
against  8,391  votes  for  Holman,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,998  votes  against 
10,541  votes  for  J.  B.  Foley,  Democrat ;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamilton  ticket 
in  1800 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  pay 
master  in  the  army. 

Gumming,  Thomas  W.,  was  born  in  Mary 
land  ;  removed  to  Brooklyn,  New  York ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,228  votes  against 
6,789  votes  for  Sanford,  Whig,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Gumming,  William,  was  born  at  Edcnton, 
North  Carolina;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  in  1784,  and  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1788. 

Cummings,  Henry  J.  B.,  was  born  at  Newton, 
New  Jersey,  May  21,  1831 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  edited  a  ncAvspaper  in  Schuylkill  County, 
Pennsylvania,  at  the  age  of  nineteen;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Williamsport,  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  commenced  practice  at  Winterset,  Iowa, 
in  January,  1856;  was  elected  county  prosecuting 
attorney  in  August,  1856,  and  held  the  office  two 
years  and  three  months,  when  it  was  abolished  by 
the  new  constitution;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
July,  1861,  and  Avas  elected  captain  of  Company  F, 
Fourth  Iowa  Infantry;  was  commissioned  colonel  of 
the  Thirty-ninth  Iowa  Infantry,  which  he  command 
ed  until  1865;  became  editor  and  proprietor  of  "  The 
Winterset  Madisonian"  in  1869,  and  still  edits  and 
publishes  it;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa 
in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
19,496  votes  against  li,684  votes  for  Samuel  J.  Gilpin, 
Democrat,  and  2,156  votes  for  Andrew  Hastie,  Inde 
pendent. 

Cummins,  John  D.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
Philadelphia,  Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  died  of 
cholera  at  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  September  11, 1849. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


355 


Cunningham,  Francis  A.,  was  born  in  South 
Carolina;  removed  to  Eaton,  Ohio;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845, 
to  March  3,  1847. 

Curry,  Jabez  Lafayette  Monroe,  was  born 
in  Lincoln  County,  Georgia,  June  5,  1825,  and  re 
moved  with  his  father  to  Talladega  County,  Alaba 
ma,  in  1838;  received  a  liberal  education,  graduating 
at  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1843 ;  studied  law,  re 
ceived  the  degree  of  L.B.  from  the  Harvard  Law  School 
in  1845,  and  commenced  practice  in  Talladega  County 
in  1845;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico  as  a  private 
iu  the  Texas  Hangers  in  1846,  but  resigned  on  account 
of  ill  health ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Eepresentativcs  in  1847,  1853,  and  1855;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  without 
opposition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  without  opposition,  serving  from  December 
7, 1857,  to  January  21,  1861,  when  he  retired  from  the 
House;  was  a  deputy  from  Alabama  to  the  Provis 
ional  Confederate  Congress,  and  a  representative  to 
the  First  Confederate  Congress ;  served  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  cavalry  in  the  Confederate  army ;  became 
a  Baptist  preacher  after  the  war ;  was  chosen  presi 
dent  of  Howard  College,  Alabama,  in  1865;  was 
chosen  professor  in  a  Virginia  college  in  1868. 

Curtis,  Carlton  B.,  was  born  in  Madison  County, 
New  York,  December  17, 1811;  received  an  academic 
education ;  studied  law,  and  practised  at  Warren,  and 
subsequently  at  Eric,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  to 
the  legislature  of  Pennsylvania  for  the  sessions  of 
1836,  1837,  and  1838;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  6,522  votes  against  0,41(5  votes  for 
Walker,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  8,321  votes  against  4,375 
votes  for  Kcrr,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1855;  served  in  the  Union  army  as 
colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Pennsylvania  volunteers; 
and  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  17,742  votes  against  16,235 
votes  for  T.  L.  Kane,  Democrat ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  10,381  votes  against  10,393  votes  for  A.  G. 
Egbert,  Democrat. 

Curtis,  Edward,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Union 
College  in  1821;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  New-York  City  with 
his  brother,  George  Curtis,  in  1824;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Whig;  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  20,458  votes 
against  19,206  votes  for  I.  L.  Varian,  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  until  March  3,  1841 ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Harrison  collector  of  the 
port  of  New  York,  and  held  the  position  for  nearly 
four  years,  when  he  was  removed  by  President  Tyler, 
to  make  room  for  Governor  Van  Ness;  resumed 
practice  at  Washington  City;  was,  later  in  life,  de 
prived  of  reason;  and  died,  after  a  lingering  illness, 
in  New- York  City,  August  2>  1856. 

Curtis,  Samuel  R.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York  February  3,  1807;  was  reared  in  Ohio, 
where  he  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
appointed  a  cadet  at  West  Point  in  1827,  graduating 
in  July,  1831,  as  brevet  second  lieutentant  in  the 
Seventh  Infantry,  and  resigned  in  June,  1S32 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Ohio;  was  chief  engineer  of  the  Mus- 
kingum-river  improvements  April,  1837-May,  1839; 
served  in  the  war  with  Mexico  as  adjutant-general 
of  Ohio,  and  as  colonel  of  the  Second  Ohio  Infantry, 
June,  1846-June,  1847,  after  which  he  served  as  act 
ing  assistant  adjutant-general  to  Brigadier-General 
Wool ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  was  engineer  on 
several  important  public  works ;  was  elected  a  repre 


sentative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  18,065  votes  against  17,110 
votes  for  Augustus  Hall,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  33,936  votes  against 
30,240  votes  for  Cole,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  August  6,  1861,  when  he  resigned; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  Second 
Iowa  Volunteers,  brigadier  and  major  general,  1861- 
1865;  was  appointed  United-States  peace  commis 
sioner  to  treat  with  the  Indians  1865;  was  appointed 
commissioner  to  examine  and  report  on  the  Union 
Pacific  Road,  and  served  from  November,  1865-April, 
1866;  and  died  at  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  December 
25,  1866. 

Gushing,  Caleb,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  Massa 
chusetts,  January  7,  1800;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1817,  and 
was  tutor  of  mathematics  there  1819-1821;  studied 
law  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Newburyport  in 
1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1825,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1827; 
visited  Europe  in  1829;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1833  and  1834; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  as  a 
Whig  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-sev 
enth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1843;  was  appointed  by  President  Tyler 
commissioner  to  China,  serving  from  May  8,  1843,  to 
March  13,  1845;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1845  and  1846;  raised  a 
regiment  of  Massachusetts  volunteers  for  the  war 
with  Mexico,  and  was  commissioned  its  colonel 
January  15,  1847;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk 
brigadier-general  April  14,  1847,  and  served  until 
July  20,  1848;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1847,  and 
again  in  1848;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1850 ;  declined  the  posi 
tion  of  attorney-general  of  Massachusetts,  offered 
him  in  1851 ;  was  appointed  by  Governor  Boutwell  a 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massachusetts  in 
1852;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  attorney- 
general  of  the  United  States  March  7, 1853 ;  was  pres 
ident  of  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
Charleston  and  Baltimore  1860;  was  appointed  by 
President  Johnson  a  commissioner  to  revise  and  cod 
ify  the  statutes  of  the  United  States  1866-1870;  was 
appointed  by  President  Grant  counsel  for  the  United 
States  before  the  Geneva  tribunal  of  arbitration  on 
the  Alabama  claims;  was  nominated  by  President 
Grant  to  be  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States  in  1874,  but  was  not  confirmed  by  the 
Senate ;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant  minister 
to  Spain,  serving  from  January  6,  1874,  to  January  6, 
1877.  Published  a  "  History  of  Newburyport,"  1826; 
"Reminiscences  of  Spain,"  1830;  "Growth  arid 
Territorial  Progress  of  the  United  States,"  1839; 
"Life  of  W.  il.  Harrison,"  1840;  and  numerous 
orations  and  essays. 

Gushing,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Boston  March 
24,  1725;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Harvard  College  in  1744;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  'and  practised  at  Boston;  was  for 
many  years  a  member  of  the  Provincial  Assembly ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Provincial  Congress  in  1774; 
was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1774-1776;  was  commissary-general  of 
Massachusetts  in  1775;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  and  of  Probate  in  Suffolk  County  in 
1777 ;  declined  a  re-election  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1779 ;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Massachu 
setts  1779-1788,  and  acting-governor  in  1788;  was  an 
agent  of  the  British  Society  for  promoting  the  Gos 
pel  in  New  England,  and  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences ;  and  died 
at  Boston  February  28,  1788. 

Cushman,  John  Paine,  was  boi  n  at  Poinf ret, 


356 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Connecticut,  in  1784;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1807;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Troy,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  re 
corder  of  the  city  of  Troy;  was  appointed  a  regent 
of  the  State  University  from  April  2,  1830,  until  he 
resigned  in  April,  1834;  was  circuit  judge  1838-1840; 
died  at  Troy,  New  York,  September  16,  1848. 

Cushman,  Joshua,  was  born  at  Plymouth, 
Massachusetts;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1787 ;  studied  theology, 
and  was  licensed  to  preach ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1811,  and  a  State 
senator  in  1809,  1810,  1819,  and  1820;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March 
3,  18:21 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821, 
to  March  3,  1823 ;  died  at  Winslow,  Maine,  in  1834. 

Cushman,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Portsmoiith, 
New  Hampshire,  June  8,  1783;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  judge  of  the  Portsmouth  Po 
lice  Court,  county  treasurer  1823-1828,  and  member 
of  the  State  council  1833-1835;  was  nominated  by 
President  Jackson  to  be  United-States  attorney  for 
the  district  of  New  Hampshire,  but  was  rejected  by 
the  Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 
3, 1839 ;  was  United-States  navy-agent  at  Portsmouth 
1845-1849 ;  and  died  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire, 
May  20,  1851. 

Cuthbert,  Alfred,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1803;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Monti- 
cello,  Jasper  County,  Georgia;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Wil 
liam  VV.  Bibb,  appointed  senator)  as  a  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  February  7,  1814,  to  1816,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nine 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3, 1821,  to 
March  3,  1827;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Georgia  in  place  of  John  Forsyth,  resigned; 
and  was  re-elected  for  a  full  term,  serving  from  Jan 
uary  12,  1835,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  and  died  at  his  resi 
dence,  near  Monticello,  Georgia,  July  9,  1856. 

Cuthbert,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  in  1778;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1805;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Eatonton ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  declined  a  re-election;  was 
appointed  by  President  Monroe  a  commissioner  to 
treat  with  the  Creek  and  Cherokee  Indians. 

Cutler,  Augustus  W.,  was  born  at  Morris- 
town,  New  Jersey,  October  22,  1827;  his  early  life 
was  passed  upon  a  farm ;  studied  law  with  Governor 
Daniel  Haines ;  was  admitted  as  an  attorney  in  1850, 
and  as  a  counsellor  in  1853;  was  prosecutor  of  the 
pleas  in  1856-1861;  was  president  of  the  Board  of 
Education  in  1870,  and  has  since  occupied  that  posi 
tion  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  New  Jersey  in  1873;  was  elected  State  senator 
in  1871 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jer 
sey  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  11,677  votes  against  11,070  votes  for  William 
Walter  Phelps,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,034  votes  against 
13,SS2  votes  for  Mills,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875. 

Cutler,  Manasseh,  was  born  at  Killingly,  Con 


necticut,  May  3,  1742;  received  a  classical  and  medi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1765; 
engaged  in  the  whaling  business  at  Edgarton,  Mar 
tha's  Vineyard ;  removed  to  Dedham  in  1709 ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  abandoned  the 
practice;  studied  theology  with  his  father-in-law, 
Rev.  Thomas  Balch  of  Dedham;  was  licensed  to 
preach  in  1770,  and  was  ordained  minister  of  the 
Congregational  Society  at  Hamilton,  Massachusetts, 
September  11, 1771 ;  was  appointed  chaplain  of  Colo 
nel  Francis's  regiment  in  1776,  and  was  presented 
with  a  horse  by  his  colonel  for  gallant  conduct  at 
the  action  in  Rhode  Island  of  August  28,  1778; 
became  noted  for  his  scientific  attainments,  and  was 
made  a  member  of  the  leading  scientific,  historical, 
and  agricultural  societies  in  this  country  and  Europe; 
took  a  prominent  part  in  colonizing  Ohio,  and,  while 
in  attendance  upon  Congress  to  secure  a  land-grant, 
draughted  for  Nathan  Dane  the  celebrated  Ordinance 
of  1787,  which  excluded  slavery  from  the  North-west 
Territory;  was'  appointed  by  President  Washington 
in  1795  judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  Ohio, 
but  declined ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses 
as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  until 
March  3, 1805 ;  and  died  at  Hamilton,  Massachusetts, 
July  28,  1823. 

Cutler,  William  P.  (a  grandson  of  Mannsseh 
Cutler),  was  born  near  Marietta,  Ohio,  July  12,  1813; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
of  Ohio  in  1844,  1845,  and  1840,  serving  the  last  year 
as  speaker;  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1850;  was  president  of  the  Marietta 
and  Cincinnati  Railroad  Company;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,560  votes  against 
8,496  votes  for  Jewett,  Democrat. 

Cutting,  Francis  B.,  was  born  at  New  York 
in  1805;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Columbia  College  in  1825;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  New  York ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1836, 
1837;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,414  votes  against  3,398  votes  for  Brooks,  Whig,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855; 
became  eminent  as  a  commercial  lawyer;  was  a 
"war  Democrat"  in  1863,  and  advocated  the  re-elec 
tion  of  President  Lincoln ;  died  in  New-York  City 
June  26,  1870. 

Cutts,  Charles,  was  bo-rn  in  Massachusetts  in 
1769;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  1790;  studied  law  with  Judge 
Pickering,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New-Hampshire  House  of  Representatives 
in  1804,  and  was  chosen  speaker  of  the  House ;  was 
elected  a  senator  from  New  Hampshire  in  place  of 
Nahum  Parker,  resigned,  serving  from  December  3, 
1810,  to  March  3,  1813;  subsequently  appointed  sena 
tor  to  fill  a  vacancy  during  recess  of  the  legislature, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  June  21, 1813,  when  his 
successor  took  his  seat;  was  chosen  secretary  of  the 
United-States  Senate,  serving  from  October  11,  1814, 
to  December  12,  1825 ;  died  in  Fairfax  County,  Vir 
ginia,  January  25,  1846. 

Cutts,  Richard,  was  bom  at  Cutts  Island,  Saco, 
Massachusetts  (now  Maine),  June  22,  1771;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1790;  studied  law;  was  engaged  in  commerce,  and 
became  interested  in  politics;  visited  Europe;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1799  and  1800;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1801,  to  March  3, 1813;  was  defeated  as  the 
war  Democrat  candidate  for  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress  by  Cyrus  King,  the  peace  candidate;  was  ap 
pointed  superintendent-general  of  military  supplies 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


357 


March  4,  1813,  and  held  the  office  until  it  was  abol 
ished  by  law  March  3,  1817,  when  he  was  appointed 
second  comptroller  of  the  treasury,  a  position  which 
he  retained  until  1829 ;  he  died  at  Washington  City 
April  7,  1845. 

Daggett,  David,  was  born  at  Attleborough, 
Massachusetts,  December  31,  1704;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1783; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  New  Haven;  was  initiated  into 
Freemasonry  in  Hiram  Lodge  No.  1,  at  New  Haven, 
in  1791,  and  was  a  zealous  member  of  the  order 
through  life ;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1805,  voting 
for  Charles  C.  Pinckney,  in  1809  voting  again  for 
Charles  C.  Pinckney,  and  in  1813  voting  for  De  Witt 
Clinton ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Con 
necticut  as  a  Federalist  (in  place  of  Chauncey  Good 
rich,  resigned),  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March 
3,  1819. 

Daily,  Samuel  Gr.,  was  born  in  Indiana  in  1819; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  the 
frontier;  settled  at  Peru,  Nebraska  Territory;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Nebraska  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  (as  the 
House  decided)  2,790  votes  against  2,071  votes  for 
Experience  Estabrook,  Democrat,  who  received  the 
certificate  of  election ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  (as  the  House  decided) 
2,908  votes  against  2,758  votes  for  J.  Sterling  Morton, 
who  unsuccessfully  contested  the  seat;  and  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  2,833 
votes  against  2,180  votes  for  Keirney,  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  18,  1800,  to  March  3,  1805;  received 
the  appointment  of  deputy-collector  of  customs  at 
New  Orleans  at  the  expiration  of  his  congressional 
term,  at  the  special  request  of  President  Lincoln; 
and  held  the  position  until  he  died,  at  New  Orleans, 
September  14,  1805. 

Dallas,  George  Mifflin,  was  I)orn  at  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  July  10,  1792;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in 
1810;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but, 
before  commencing  practice,  went  abroad  as  private 
secretary  to  Albert  Gallatin,  minister  to  Russia;  re 
turned  in  1814,  and  resumed  his  legal  studies;  was 
appointed  deputy-attorney-geiicral  at  Philadelphia  in 
1817 ;  was  made  a  Freemason  in  1818,  and  rose  to  be 
grand  master  of  Pennsylvania  in  1834;  was  mayor  of 
Philadelphia  1825;  was  United-States  district-attor 
ney  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania  1829- 
1831 ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Penn 
sylvania,  on  the  eleventh  ballot,  as  a  Democrat 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  I.  II. 
Barnard),  serving  from  December  15,  1831,  to  March 
2,  1833;  declined  a  re-election,  and  resumed  practice; 
was  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren  minister  to 
Russia,  serving  from  March  7,  1837,  to  July  29,  1839; 
again  resumed  practice ;  was  elected  Vice-President  in 
1844  on  the  Polk  ticket,  receiving  170  electoral  votes 
against  105  electoral  votes  for  T.  Frelinghuysen, 
Whig;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  minister  to 
Great  Britain,  serving  from  February  4,  1801,  to  May 
1(5,  1801;  returned  to  Philadelphia,  and  died  there 
December  31,  1804. 

Dalton,  Tristam,  was  born  in  that  part  of  the 
town  of  Newbury  afterwards  Newburyport,  May  28, 
1738;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  1760;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  but  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
with  his  father-in-law,  Robert  Hooper;  took  a  deep 
interest  in  the  cultivation  of  "  Spring  Hill,"  a  fertile 
estate  on  an  eminence  overlooking  the  Merrimack 
River,  where  he  entertained  Louis  Philippe  of  Or 
leans,  Talleyrand,  and  other  distinguished  guests; 
was  a  zealous  member  of  the  Protestant-Episcopal 
Church  and  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  occupying 
high  positions  in  both;  was  a  leading  pre-revolu- 
tionist,  and  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  convention  of  committees  of  New-England  States 


which  first  met  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  Decem 
ber  25,  1770;  was  one  of  the  first  United-States 
senators  from  Massachusetts,  drawing  lot  No.  1,  and 
serving  from  April  14,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  was 
persuaded  by  his  personal  friend  President  Washing 
ton  to  make  large  investments  in  real  estate  in  Wash 
ington  City,  which  proved  unsuccessful;  meeting 
also  with  heavy  losses  in  business,  he  was  left  desti 
tute,  and  accepted  the  position  of  surveyor  of  the 
port  of  Boston,  serving  from  November  10,  1814, 
until  his  death,  at  Boston,  May  30,  1817. 

Damrell,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  November  20,  1809;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  learned  the  art  of  printing, 
and  became  the  proprietor  of  a  large  printing  estab 
lishment  at  Boston ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  9,925  votes  against  2,273  votes 
for  Satl'ord,  Whig,  and  923  votes  for  others ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
10,433  votes  against  5,077  votes  for  A.  W.  Austin,  Dem 
ocrat,  and  1,435  votes  for  Alfred  B.  Ely,  American, 
serving  from  December  8,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859; 
was  partially  paralyzed  before  the  expiration  of  his 
term;  and  died  at  Dedham,  Massachusetts,  May  17, 
1800. 

Dana,  Amasa,  resided  at  Ithaca,  New  York; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1828-1829;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  9,157  votes  against  8,757  votes  for  William 
A.  Ely,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,790  votes 
against  0,020  votes  for  Woodworth,  Whig,  and  294 
votes  for  Whitman,  Abolition,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Dana,  Francis,  was  born  at  Charlestown,  Mas 
sachusetts,  June  13,  1743;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  17G2;  stud 
ied  law  under  Judge  Trowbridge;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1707,  and  commenced  practice  in  Boston; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Provincial  Congress  in  1774; 
visited  England  in  1775-1770;  was  a  State  councillor 
1770-1780;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  Massachusetts  1770-1778  and  1784;  was 
secretary  of  legation  at  London  from  September  28, 
1779,  until  appointed  minister  to  Russia,  December 
19,  1780;  was  re-commissioned  secretary  of  legation 
at  London  June  15,  1781;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Massachusetts  1785-1792;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Convention  which  adopted  the  Federal 
Constitution  in  1788;  was  a  founder  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences ;  and  died  at  Cam 
bridge,  Massachusetts,  April  25,  1811. 

Dana,  Judah,  was  born  at  Pomfret,  Connecti 
cut,  April  25,  1772;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1795;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Frycburg,  Massachusetts  (afterwards  Maine), 
in  1798;  was  county-attorney  of  Oxford  County 
1805-1811,  and  judge  of  probate  1805-1822;  was 
judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1811- 
1823;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed 
the  Constitution  of  Maine  in  1819;  was  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Council  in  1834;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Maine  as  a  Democrat  ' 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Ether  Sheplcy),  serving  from  December  21,  1830,  to 
March  3, 1837 ;  and  died  at  Fryeburg,  Maine,  Decem 
ber  27,  1845. 

Dana,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Groton,  Massachu 
setts,  June  20,  1707;  received  a  classical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Charlestown,  Massachusetts ;  held 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  William  M.  Richardson,  resigned),  serving 
from  September  22,  1814,  to  March  3,  1815;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate,  and  its  president;  wa,s 


358 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas ;  and  died  at  Charlestown,  Massachusetts,  No 
vember  20,  1835. 

Dana,  Samuel  Whittlesey,  was  born  at  New 
Haven,  Connecticut,  July,  1757;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1775;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Fourth  Congress  as  a  Federalist  (in  place  of  Uriah 
Tracy,  resigned);  and  was  successively  re-elected  to 
the  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth 
Congresses;  was  again  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  but,  before  taking  his  seat,  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  as  a  Federalist  (in  place  of 
James  Ilillhouse,  resigned) ;  and  was  re-elected  in 
1815,  serving  in  the  two  houses  from  January  3, 
1797,  until  March  3,  1821 ;  was  for  many  years  mayor 
of  Middletown,  Connecticut,  where  he  died  July 
21,1830. 

Dane,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Beverly,  Essex  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts,  October  25,  1778;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in 
1799 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Kennebunk,  Maine ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Conventions  of  181(5  and 
1819;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caiised  by  the 
resignation  of  Mr.  Holmes,  elected  senator)  as  a 
Federalist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  11,  1820,  to  March 
3,  1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1823-1828,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1829; 
declined  serving  as  executive  councillor  in  Maine 
1841;  and  died  at  Kennebunk,  Maine,  May  1,  1858. 

Dane,  Nathan,  was  born  at  Ipswich,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1752 ;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1799 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  *o  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Beverly,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1782-1785 ;  was  a  delegate 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1785-1788 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1790, 
1794,  1796-1798;  was  a  commissioner  to  codify  the 
laws  of  Massachusetts  in  1795,  and  again  in  1812; 
was  a  member  of  the  Hartford  Convention  in  1814 ; 
was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1820,  but  declined  serving  on  account 
of  his  deafness ;  endowed  the  Dane  professorship  of 
law  at  Harvard  College ;  and  died  at  Beverly,  Mas 
sachusetts,  February  15,  1835. 

Danf  ord,  Lorenzo,  was  born  in  Belmont  Coun 
ty,  Ohio,  October  18,  1829;  received  a  common -school 
education,  and  attended  college  two  years  at  Waynes- 
burg,  Pennsylvania;  studied  and  practised  law  at 
Saint  Clairsville,  Ohio;  was  elected  prosecuting-at- 
torney  of  Belmont  County  in  1857,  and  again  in 
1859 ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private  at  the 
breaking-out  of  the  Rebellion,  and  served  as  private, 
lieutenant,  and  captain,  until  August,  1804,  when  he 
resigned  on  account  of  sickness ;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  the  Electoral  College  which  gave  the  vote 
of  Ohio  to  Abraham  Lincoln  in  1804;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,350  votes  against 
11,052  votes  for  C.  L.  Poorman,  Liberal  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiv- 
.  ing  12,097  votes  against  10,861  votes  for  Henry  Boyle, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,089  votes  against  13,837  votes  for 
Lawrence,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Daniel,  Henry,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1793; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Ken 
tucky  when  a  youth;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Mount  Sterling;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1812;  served  in  the  war  against  Great  Britain  as 
captain  of  the  Twenty-eighth  United-States  Infantry 
from  May  20,  1813,  to  May  18,  1815;  was  again  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
181!)  and  1820;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson 


Democrat,  defeating  Davis,  Clay  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  defeating  Har 
rison,  Clay  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  defeating  Davis,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  2,  1833; 
had  an  altercation  with  his  brother-in-law  at  the 
court-house  at  Mount  Sterling  in  1845,  and  shot  him 
dead ;  died  at  Mount  Sterling,  Kentucky,  October  5, 
1873. 

Daniel,  John  Reeves  Jones,  was  born  in 
Halifax  County,  North  Carolina ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1821;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised  witli  great  success ;  was  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1831, 
1832,  1833,  and  1834 ;  was  elected  attorney-general  in 
1834;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  3,644  votes  against  3,489  votes  for  Nash,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  4,872  votes  against  2,729  votes 
for  Bond,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,890  votes  against 
3,419  votes  for  Arlington,  Independent  Democrat, 
and  214  votes  for  Toole,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,413 
votes  against  2,430  votes  for  Clarke,  Democrat ;  and 
was  elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  without  organized  opposition,  serving  from  May 
1,  1841,  until  March  3,  1853  ;  removed  to  Louisiana, 
and  died  there. 

Danner,  Joel  B.,  resided  at  Gettysburg,  Penn 
sylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (in  place  of  Henry 
Nes,  deceased )  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 
1850,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Darby,  Ezra,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1769 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Ninth  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  Janu 
ary  28,  1808,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Darby,  John  Fletcher,  was  born  in  Person 
County,  North  Carolina,  December  10,  1803;  received 
a  public-school  education;  his  father  removed  in 
1818  to  Missouri,  where  he  worked  on  a  farm;  went 
in  1825  to  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  where  he  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1827,  and  commenced 
practice  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate;  was  prominently  connected  with  the 
city  government  of  St.  Louis,  serving  four  terms  as 
mayor;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
7,145  votes  against  5,600  votes  for  Rozier,  Benton 
Democrat,  and  5,317  votes  for  Bowlin,  anti-Benton 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1853. 

Dargan,  Edward  S.,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Washington,  Alabama,  where  he  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
elected  a  justice  of  the  peace;  removed  to  Mont 
gomery,  and  subsequently  to  Mobile;  was  elected 
mayor  of  Mobile  in  1844;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  4,961  votes  against  4,650  votes 
for  W.  D.  Dunn,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December 
1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  elected  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  in  1847,  and  became  chief  justice 
in  1849;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Convention  of  1861,  and  voted  for  the 
ordinance  of  secession;  was  a  member  of  the  First 
Confederate  House  of  Representatives,  but  declined 
a  re-election ;  resumed  pract ice  at  Mobile. 

Darling,  Mason  C.,  was  born  at  Bellingham, 
Massachusetts,  May  18,  1801 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  taught  school  in  the  State  of  New  York; 
studied  medicine;  graduated  at  the  Berkshire  Medi 
cal  College  in  1824,  and  practised  for  thirteen  years; 
removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1837;  was  one  of  the  origi- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


359 


nal  settlers  at  Fond  du  Lac,  and  its  first  mayor;  was 
several  years  a  member  of  the  Territorial  legislature; 
was  elected  one  of  the  first  representatives  from  Wis 
consin  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  June  9,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Darling,  William  A.,  was  born  at  Newark, 
New  Jersey,  December  17,  1817;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  New  York  when  a  lad ; 
entered  a  store  as  clerk,  and  became  a  merchant; 
was  for  many  years  connected  with  the  Seventh 
Regiment,  National  Guard;  was  deputy-receiver  of 
taxes  for  the  city  of  New  York  1847-1854;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  ticket  in  18GO; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
5,822  votes  against  4,749  votes  for  Fernando  Wood, 
Mozart  Democrat,  and  4,897  votes  for  Anson  Herrick, 
Tammany  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
7,995  votes  against  9,605  votes  for  Fernando  Wood, 
Democrat. 

Darlington,  Edward,  was  born  in  Chester 
County,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  an  anti-Mason,  receiving  1,321  votes  against  1,075 
votes  for  A.  J.  Dick,  Jackson  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
5,524  votes  against  4,065  votes  for  Leiper,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Darlington,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Westtown, 
Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  December  13,  1781; 
received  a  public-school  education,  and  worked  in 
his  father's  blacksmith's  shop;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  West- 
town;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1807;  served  as  lieutenant  of  Pennsyl 
vania  volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March 
3,1819;  declined  are-election;  was  appointed  dcputy- 
attorney-general  for  Chester  County  in  1820;  was 
appointed  president-judge  of  the  Chester-county  Court 
in  1821,  and  served  until  his  death,  at  Westtown, 
April  27,  1839. 

Darlington,  William,  was  born  at  Birming 
ham,  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  April  28,  1782 ; 
was  reared  on  a  farm,  where  he  became  a  botanist  at 
an  early  age;  received  an  academic  education;  stud 
ied  medicine,  and  received  the  degree  of  M.D.  from 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1824;  went  to  the 
East  Indies  as  surgeon  of  a  ship;  returning  in  1807,  he 
commenced  practice  at  West  Chester,  and  continued 
his  botanical  researches ;  raised  a  company  of  volun 
teers  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  1812,  and 
was  major  of  a  volunteer  regiment  raised  after  the 
burning  of  the  Capitol ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1817 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  was 
appointed  canal  commissioner  in  1825 ;  established  a 
natural-history  society  at  West  Chester  in  1826;  be 
came  noted  as  a  botanist,  and  was  made  a  corre 
sponding  member  of  some  forty  literary  and  scientific 
societies  in  Europe  and  America;  and  died  at  West 
Chester,  Pennsylvania,  April  23,  1863.  Published 
the  "Flora  Cestrica"  1826  and  1853,  "Agricultural 
Botany"  1857,  "Correspondence  of  John  Bartram 
and  Humphrey  Marshall "  1849,  with  many  papers  on 
botany  and  natural  history. 

Darragh,  Cornelius,  was  born  in  Pennsylva 
nia,  and  resided  at  Pittsburg;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Whig  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  Wilkins,  appointed  secretary 
of  war),  receiving  1,000  majority;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  March 


26,  1844,  to  March  3,  1847;  died  at  Pittsburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  January  20,  1855. 

Darrall,  Chester  B.,  was  born  in  Somerset 
County,  Pennsylvania,  June  24,  1842;  received  a 
common-school  education;  studied  medicine,  and 
graduated  at  the  Albany  Medical  College;  entered 
the  Union  army  as  assistant-surgeon  of  ^he  Eighty- 
sixth  New- York  Volunteers;  was  promoted  to  be 
surgeon,  and  served  throughout  the  war;  settled  in 
Louisiana  at  the  close  of  the  war,  and  engaged  in. 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
of  Louisiana  in  1868;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Loxiisiana  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  (as  was  determined  by  the  House) 
7,436  votes  against  7,191  votes  for  A.  Bailey,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  13,220  votes  against  8,123  for  A.  Bailey, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,396  votes  against  7,724  votes  for 
Price,  Democrat,  and  4,214  votes  for  Gantt,  Liberal 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,273  votes 
against  11,921  votes  for  Joseph  A.  Breaux,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  15,782  votes  against  14,695  votes  for  Joseph 
H.  Achlen,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  7,  1869. 

Davee,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Plymouth,  Mas 
sachusetts,  December  9,  1797;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  to  Maine,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits ;  was  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
high  sheriff  of  Somerset  County;  was  postmaster  at 
Blanchard;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
7,839  votes  against  7,042  votes  for  John  S.  Tenney, 
Whig,  and  228  votes  scattering,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841;  died  of  dropsy  al 
Blanchard,  Maine,  December  11,  1841. 

Davenport,  Franklin,  was  born  in  New  Jer 
sey;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Woodbury ; 
served  in  the  New-Jersey  line  in  the  war  of  the  Revo 
lution;  was  appointed  judge ;  was  appointed  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  Jersey  (in  place  of  John 
Rutherford,  resigned),  serving  from  December  19, 
1798,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  not  elected  to  fill  the 
vacancy  when  the  legislature  met;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Davenport,  James  (brother  of  John  Daven 
port),  was  born  at  Stamford,  Connecticut,  October 
12, 1758;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1777 ;  served  in  the  commissary  de 
partment  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution;  was  a  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Fourth  Congress 
(in  place  of  James  Hillhouse,  elected  senator) ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  5,  1796,  to  August  3, 1797,  when  he  died  at 
Stamford,  Connecticut. 

Davenport,  John,  jun.  (brother  of  James 
Davenport),  was  born  at  Stamford,  Connecticut, 
January  16,  1752;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1770;  was  a  tutor 
there  in  1773-1774;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Stamford,  Connecticut; 
served  in  the  commissary  department  in  the  war  of 
the  Revolution;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Federalist; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1799, 
to  March  3,  1817;  died  at  Stamford,  Connecticut, 
November  28,  1830. 

Davenport,  John,  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  at  Barnesville,  Ohio;  was  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  and  of  the 
State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  an  Adams  man,  serv- 


360 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829;  was 
delcated  as  the  Adams  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  by  William  Kennon,  Jackson  Demo 
crat;  was  twice  elected  by  the  legislature  judge  of 
the  Monroe  Judicial  Circuit;  and  died  at  Woodsfield, 
Ohio,  July  25,  1855. 

Davenport,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Meadsvillc ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  re 
ceiving  1,004  votes  against  422  votes  for  James  Lanier, 
303  votes  for  B.  Graves,  and  135  votes  for  Urquhart ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twen 
ty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses  without  op 
position,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1835;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  by  Walter  Coles,  Democrat; 
died  near  Meadsville,  Virginia,  November  18,  1838. 

Davidson,  Robert  H.  M.,  was  born  in  Gads- 
den  County,  Florida,  September  23,  1832;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  -bar,  and  practised  at  Quincy ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1850-1859,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1860;  retired  from  the  Senate,  and 
entered  the  Confederate  service ;  was  commissioned 
captain,  major,  and  lieutenant-colonel ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1805 ; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Greeley  and  Brown 
ticket  in  1872;  and  claimed  to  have  been  elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Conservative  Democrat, 
receiving  13,103  votes  against  12,623  votes  for  Wil 
liam  J.  Purman,  Republican. 

Davidson,  Thomas  G.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Mississippi,  August  6,  1805;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Baton  Rouge, 
Louisiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1833-1840;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  4,731  votes  against  4,010  votes 
for  Pond,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  4,270  votes  against  3,512 
votes  for  Watterson,  American;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  0,288  votes 
against  720  votes  for  Cannon,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  3,  1.855,  to  March  4,  1801. 

Davidson,  William,  was  born  in  Mecklenburg 
County,  North  Carolina,  September  12, 1778;  received 
an  academic  education;  was  a  planter;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  1813-1817;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Daniel  M.  Forney,  resigned)  as 
a  Federalist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  receiving  1,708  votes  against  1,403  votes  for 
J.  Brevard,  and  078  votes  for  "Henry  W.  Connor, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1818,  to  March 
3,  1821 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  by  Henry  W.  Connor,  Democrat, 
who  received  30  majority ;  was  thrown  from  his  car 
riage,  and  received  injuries  which  caused  his  death, 
at  Charlotte,  North  Carolina,  September  10,  1857. 

Davies,  Edward,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Churchtown;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  15,178  votes  against  11,420  votes  for 
R.  Frazer,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  September  4, 
1S37,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Davis,  Amos  (brother  of  Garrett  Davis),  was 
born  at  Mount  Sterling,  Kentucky;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Mount  Sterling;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1819, 
1825,  1827,  and  1828;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  J.  Crawford,  also  a  Whig,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  a 
candidate  for  re-election,  and  canvassed  his  district 
after  the  adjournment  of  Congress;  after  speaking 


three  hours  at  Owingsville,  Kentucky,  he  was  seized 
with  bilious  colic,  and  died  in  a  few  hours,  June  5, 
1835. 

Davis,  David,  was  born  in  Cecil  County,  Mary 
land,  March  9,  1815;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Kenyon  College,  Ohio,  in  1832;  studied 
law  at  Lenox,  Massachusetts,  and  at  the  New-Haven 
Law  School ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Illinois  in  the  fall  of  1835,  locating  in  1836 
at  Bloomington ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1844;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1847;  was  elected  in 
1848  a  judge  of  one  of  the  circuit  courts  in  Illinois, 
and  held  the  office  by  repeated  elections  until  he 
resigned  it  in  October,  1802;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Republican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  I860; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  in  October,  1802, 
and  served  until  March  5,  1877,  when  he  resigned  to 
take  his  seat  as  United-States  senator  from  Illinois, 
having  been  elected  the  previous  January,  by  the 
votes  of  Independents  and  Democrats,  to  succeed 
John  A.  Logan,  Republican.  His  term  will  expire 
March  3,  1883. 

Davis,  Garrett  (brother  of  Amos  Davis),  was 
born  at  Mount  Sterling,  Kentucky,  September  10, 
1801;  received  an  academic  education;  was  employed 
in  the  office  of  the  county  clerk  of  Montgomery 
County,  and  afterwards  of  Bourbon  County;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824,  and  practised  at 
Paris,  Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1833-1835;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,728  votes  against  2,110 
votes  for  Jacob  A.  Slack,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  without  opposition; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,788  votes  against  4.910  votes  for  Wickliffe, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  5,809  votes  against  5,109  votes  for 
Marshall,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3, 1837;  declined  a  re-election,  and  resumed 
his  professional  and  agricultural  avocations ;  declined 
a  nomination  for  lieutenant-governor  on  the  ticket 
headed  by  John  J.  Critt enden  in  1848 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1849 ; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  as  an  Old-line 
Whig  (to  succeed  John  C.  Breckinridge),  and  was  re- 
elected,  defeating  B.  F.  Bristow,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1801,  until  his  death  at  Paris,  Kentucky, 
September  22,  1872. 

Davis,  George  T.,  was  born  at  Sandwich,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  12,  1810;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1829; 
studied  law  at  Cambridge  and  at  Greenfield;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Greenfield  in  1832;  established  "  The  Franklin  Mer 
cury"  in  1833,  and  conducted  it  with  ability  until  he 
sold  it  in  1830;  was  subsequently  an  editorial  con 
tributor  to  another  Greenfield  newspaper;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  one 
year,  and  of  the  State  Senate  for  two  years;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  on  the  second 
trial,  defeating  Chester  W.  Chapin,  Democrat,  and 
Huntington,  Free-soilcr,  and  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  removed  to  Portland  on 
marrying  as  a  second  wife  a  resident  of  that  city; 
was  noted  as  a  brilliant  table-talker,  eliciting  even 
the  admiration  of  Thackeray  by  the  efflorescence  of 
his  conversation;  and  died  at  Portland,  Maine,  June 
17,  1877. 

Davis,  Henry  G.,  was  born  in  Howard  County, 
Maryland,  November  10,  1823;  received  a  country- 
school  education ;  lived  and  worked  upon  a  f ami  until 
1843;  was  in  the  employ  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
Railroad  Company  for  fourteen  years;  commenced 
banking,  and  mining  coal,  at  Piedmont  in  1858;  be 
came  president  of  the  Piedmont  National  Bank,  and 
engaged  in  mining  and  shipping  coal,  manufacturing 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


361 


lumber,  &c. ;  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates 
of  West  Virginia  in  1805;  was  a  member  of  the 
National  Democratic  Conventions  at  New  York  in 
1808,  and  at  Baltimore  in  1872;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  of  West  Virginia  in  1808  and  1870;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  West  Virginia  as 
a  Democrat  (to  succeed  W.  T.  Willey,  Republican) ; 
and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  March  4,  1871. 

Davis,  Henry  Winter,  was  born  at  Annapolis, 
Maryland,  August  10,  1817;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Kcnyon  College  in  1837;  stud 
ied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Alexandria; 
removed  in  1830  to  Baltimore,  where  he  practised, 
and  engaged  in  literary  pursuits;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
frcss  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,988  votes  against 
,493  votes  for  May.  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,515  votes 
against  3,979  votes  for  Brooks,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  10,108 
votes  against  2,790  votes  for  Harrison,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1801; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  0,200  votes  against  20  votes  scattering,  and 
serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805; 
died  at  Baltimore,  Maryland,  December  2),  1805.  A 
eulogy  was  pronounced  on  him  by  his  late  colleague, 
Senator  A.  J.  Cresswell,  in  the  hall  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  at  the  Capitol,  February  22,  1800. 
He  published  "The  War  of  Onnuzd  and  Ahriman  in 
the  Nineteenth  Century,"  1852;  and  his  collected 
speeches  were  published  in  1807. 

Davis,  Jefferson,  was  born  in  Christian  County, 
Kentucky,  June  3,  181)8;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  and  entered  Transylvania  University,  but  was 
appointed  a  cadet,  and  graduated  at  West  Point  in 
1828;  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant  of  the 
First  Infantry  July  1,  1828,  and  promoted  first  lieu 
tenant  of  the  First  Dragoons  March  4,  1833,  resign 
ing  June  3P,  1835;  engaged  in  cotton-planting  in 
Warren  County,  Mississippi ;  was  a  presidential  elect 
or  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  June,  1840,  when  he  resigned  to  command 
the  First  Regiment  of  Mississippi  Riflemen  in  the 
war  with  Mexico,  serving  from  June  20,  1840,  to  July 
12,  1847,  and  distinguishing  himself  at  Monterey  and 
Buena  Vista;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  May 
27,  1847,  but  declined;  was  appointed  United-States 
senator  from  Mississippi  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Jesse  Speight,  and  subsequently  elected, 
serving  from  December  0,  1847,  to  November,  1851, 
when  he  resigned;  was  defeated  as  the  Secession 
candidate  for  governor  in  1851  by  H.  S.  Foote,  Union 
candidate ;  was  again  elected  United-States  senator, 
but  resigned;  was  appointed  secretary  of  war  by 
President  Pierce,  serving  from  March  7,  1853,  to 
Marcli  3,  1857;  was  again  elected  United-States  sen 
ator,  serving  from  Marcli  4,  1857,  until  he  withdrew, 
January  21,  1801 ;  was  chosen  President  of  the  Con 
federate  States  by  the  Provisional  Congress,  and  was 
inaugurated  February  18, 1801 ;  was  elected  President 
of  the  Confederate  States  for  six  years,  and  inaugu 
rated  February  22,  1802 ;  was  captured  by  the  Union 
troops  at  Irwinsville,  Georgia,  May  10,  1865,  impris 
oned  two  years  at  Fortress  Monroe,  and  then  released 
on  bail ;  became  interested  in  life-insurance  and  im 
migration  associations,  and  visited  Europe  on  busi 
ness  therewith  connected. 

Davis,  John,  was  born  at  Northborough,  Massa 
chusetts,  January  13,  1787;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1812;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Worcester,  Massachusetts ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
tieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third, 
and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 


ber,  1825,  to  June  30,  1834;  was  governor  of  Massa 
chusetts  1834-1835;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Massachusetts,  serving  from  December 
7,  1835,  to  December,  1840,  when  he  resigned;  was 
again  governor  of  Massachusetts  1840-1841;  was 
again  elected  United-States  senator,  serving  from 
March  24,  1845,  to  March  3,  1853;  declined  a  re-elec 
tion;  and  died  suddenly,  at  Worcester,  Massachu 
setts,  April  19,  1854. 

Davis,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1788; 
removed  to  Maryland,  where  he  received  a  public- 
school  education;  returned  to  Pennsylvania  in  1812, 
and  located  at  what  is  now  Davisville;  was  a  farmer 
and  merchant;  served  as  captain  in  the  war  of  1812; 
rose  to  the  rank  of  major-general  of  militia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,404 
votes  against  4,138  votes  for  Matthias  Morris,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2, 1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was 
appointed  collector  of  tile  port  of  Philadelphia  by 
President  Polk;  was  a  delegate  to  many  state  and 
national  Democratic  conventions;  and  died  at  Davis 
ville,  Pennsylvania,  April  1,  1878. 

Davis,  John  CK,  was  born  in  Fleming  County, 
Kentucky,  October  10,  1810;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  removed 
to  Indiana,  and  settled  at  Rockville;  was  sheriff  of 
Parke  County  1830,  1831 ;  was  clerk  of  the  Superior 
and  Inferior  Courts  of  Parke  County  1833-1851 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,070  votes 
against  5,814  votes  for  McGaughey,  Whig;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
8,007  votes  against  0,085  votes  for  Barbour,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  again  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,137  votes  against  9,529  votes  for  Usher,  Repub 
lican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  an  anti-Leccmpton  Democrat,  receiving  10,893 
votes  against  7,584  votes  for  Secrest,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  died  at 
Terre  Haute,  Indiaria,  January  18,  1800. 

Davis,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Clarksburg,  West 
Virginia,  May  1,  1835;  was  educated  at  the  North 
western  Virginia  Academy  at  that  place;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  when  twenty  years  of 
age,  and  has  since  practised  at  Clarksburg;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Virginia  in  1801, 
and  of  West  Virginia  in  1870;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  McClellan  ticket  in  1804;  was  one  of 
the  delegates  from  the  State  at  large  to  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  at  New  York  in  1808;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  West  Virginia  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,030  votes  against  10,509  votes  for  N.  Goff,  jun.,  Re 
publican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  an  Independent  Democrat,  receiving  13,301 
votes  against  12,948  votes  for  B.  Wilson,  Greeley 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Davis,  John  W\,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  Pennsylvania,  July  17,  1799;  received  a 
classical  education;  studied  medicine;  and,  after 
graduating  at  the  Baltimore  Medical  College  in  1821, 
removed  in  1823  to  Carlisle,  Indiana;  was  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and  speaker  in  1832;  was  a  commissioner  to 
negotiate  an  Indian  treaty  1834 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835, 
to  March  3,  1837;  was  again  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  7,510  votes  against  0,217  votes  for 
Ewing,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
March  3,  1841;  was  again  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,107  votes  against  0,205  votes  for 
Dunn,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  8,183  votes  against  5,253  votes  for 


362 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Farmer,  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1847;  was  elected  speaker  December  1,  1845; 
was  commissioner  to  China  January  3,  1848-May  25, 
1850;  was  governor  of  Oregon  1853-1854;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Bal 
timore  in  1852 ;  died  at  Carlisle,  Indiana,  August  22, 
1850. 

Davis,  Joseph  J.,  was  born  in  Franklin  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  April  13,  1828;  was  educated  at 
the  Louisburg  Academy;  studied  law  at  Chapel  Hill, 
receiving  the  degree  of  bachelor  of  laws  in  1850, 
and  has  since  been  engaged  in  practice;  served  in 
the  Confederate  army  as  captain ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  I860,  1807 ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a  majority 
of  1,028  votes  over  J.  H.  Harden,  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
10,832  votes  against  15,229  votes  for  Young,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Davis,  Noah,  was  born  at  Haverhill,  New 
Hampshire,  September  10,  1818;  removed  in  1825 
with  his  parents  to  Albion,  New  York;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law  at  Lcwiston;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  practised  at  Gains 
and  at  Buffalo;  removed  in  February,  1844,  to  Albion, 
and  practised  there  in  partnership  with  Sanford  E. 
Church  until  May,  1858;  was  appointed  and  subse 
quently  twice  elected  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  for 
the  Eighth  Judicial  District,  serving  1857-1868;  re 
moved  to  New  York,  and  practised  in  partnership  with 
H.  E.  Davis;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  15,389  votes  against  12,099  votes  for  Gardiner, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  until  he 
resigned,  July  15,  1870;  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  United-States  attorney  for  the  Southern  Dis 
trict  of  New  York,  serving  from  July,  1870,  until  he 
resigned  in  January,  1873,  having  been  again  elected 
a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State  of  New 
York. 

Davis,  Reuben,  was  born  in  Tennessee,  Janu 
ary  18,  1813;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  medicine,  and  was  licensed  to  practice,  but, 
after  a  few  years,  abandoned  the  medical  profession, 
and  studied  law;  removed  to  Aberdeen,  Mississippi, 
where  he  practised  law;  was  prosccuting-attorncy  for 
the  Sixth  Judicial  District  1835-1839;  was  judge  of 
the  High  Court  of  Appeals  in  1842,  but  resigned  after 
four  months'  service;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico 
as  colonel  of  the  Second  Regiment  Mississippi  Volun 
teers  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1855-1857;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  4,939  votes  against  2,025  votes 
for  Clarke,  American;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,034  votes  against 
445  votes  for  Martin,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1857,  to  January  12,  1861,  when  he  retired 
from  the  House ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
brigadier-general,  commanding  a  brigade  of  sixty- 
days  Mississippi  militia  in  Kentucky;  resumed  prac 
tice;  was  shot  dead  while  defending  a  prisoner  in  the 
court-house  at  Columbus,  Mississippi,  by  S.  M.  Meek, 
the  prosecuting-attorney,  after  a  verbal  altercation, 
December  15,  1873. 

Davis,  Richard  D.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1818;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,104  votes  against 
4,947  votes  for  Charles  Johnston,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
6,009  votes  against  4,527  votes  for  Rankin,  Whig,  and 
22  votes  for  Knerels,  Abolition,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Davis,  Roger,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Con 


gress,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  2, 
1815. 

Davis,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Bath,  in  that  part 
of  Massachusetts  afterwards  the  State  of  Maine,  in 
1774;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1803  and 
1808-1812;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
receiving  1,752  votes  against  948  votes  for  Eames, 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1815-1816;  died  at  Bath,  Maine, 
April  17,  1831. 

Davis,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Ireland ;  emigrated 
to  the  United  States,  and  located  at  Providence, 
Rhode  Island;  was  a  manufacturing  jeweller;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,523  votes  against 
4,942  votes  for  King,  Whig,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Davis,  Thomas  T.,  was  born  at  Middlcbury, 
Addison  County,  Vermont,  August  22, 1810;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Hamilton  College 
in  1831;  studied  law  at  Syracuse,  New  York;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Syracuse,  but  turned  his  attention  to  railroads  and 
coal-mining;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Unionist, 
receiving  13,032  votes  against  9,257  votes  for  Strong, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  14,800  votes  against  10,404  votes 
for  iluger,  Democrat,  serving  from^December  7,  1863, 
to  March  3,  1807 ;  died  May  2,  1872. 

Davis,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  March,  1794 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1816,  where  he  com 
menced  practice ;  removed  in  1837  to  Dubuque,  Iowa ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  22,885  votes 
against  5,898  votes  for  S.  Leffler,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Davis,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Gloucester,  Mas 
sachusetts,  April  12,  1821 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  worked  two  years  in  a  printing-oflice; 
was  a  clerk,  and  subsequently  a  merchant,  in  Boston, 
residing  at  Gloucester;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as 
an  American,  receiving  7,428  votes  against  3,231  votes 
for  C.  W.  Upham,  Whig,  and  746  votes  for  Nathan 
iel  J.  Lord  and  others;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,044  votes  against  3,214  votes  for  Nathaniel  J.  Lord, 
Democrat,  and  1,121  votes  for  Ben:  Perley  Poore, 
American,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1859;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  to  a 
position  in  the  Boston  Custom  House,  which  he  held 
several  years,  and  then  became  an  attorney  for  the 
prosecution  of  claims  against  government. 

Davis,  W^arren  R.,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina  in  1793;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  the  College  of  South  Carolina  in  1810; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and 
practised;  was  State  solicitor  in  1818;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress  as  a  Nullificr,  receiving  25  majority  over 
John  Wilson,  Union  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving  61  majority  over  the 
Union  candidate  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  2,930  votes  against  2,887 
votes  for  Grisham,  Union  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving  2,930 
votes  against  2,887  votes  for  the  Union  candidate, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  until  his  death,  at 
Washington  City,  January  29,  1835. 

Davis,  W^arren  Ransom,  was  born  at  Colum 
bia,  South  Carolina,  May  8,  1793 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  South-Carolina  College 
in  1810;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Charleston  in  1814,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pen- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


363 


dleton,  South  Carolina;  was  solicitor  for  the  Western 
Judicial  Circuit  1818-1824;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twentieth  Congress 
as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Con 
gresses,  receiving  at  the  last  election  2,930  votes 
against  2,887  votes,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to 
January  2'J,  183")  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Davis,  William  Morris,  resided  at  Milestown, 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  10,020  votes  against  9,724  votes 
for  Ingersoll,  Democrat,  and  1,176  votes  for  Kitten- 
house,  Unionist,  and  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1863. 

Davy,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Ottawa,  Ontario, 
June  29,  1835;  removed  in  infancy  with  his  parents 
to  Monroe  County,  New  York ;  was  thrown  upon  his 
own  resources  at  an  early  age ;  received  a  common- 
school  and  academic  education;  studied  law  in  Roch 
ester,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  elected 
district-attorney  of  Monroe  County  in  1868  for  the 
term  of  three  years;  in  April,  1872,  was  appointed 
by  President  Grant  collector  of  customs  for  the  port 
of  Genesee,  which  office  lie  held  until  he  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,770  votes 
against  12,522  votes  for  James  M.  Angle,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Dawes,  Henry  L.,  was  born  at  Cummington, 
Massachusetts,  October  30,  1816;  graduated  at  Yale 
College;  was  a  school-teacher,  and  edited  "The 
Grcenlield  Gazette"  and  "Adams  Transcript;" 
studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  Massachusetts  in.  1848, 
1849,  and  1852 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  Mas 
sachusetts  in  1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  of  Massachusetts  in  1853 ;  was 
district-attorney  for  the  Western  District  of  Massa 
chusetts  from  185'5  until  1857;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,823  votes  against 
4,533  votes  for  J.  D.  Weston,  Democrat,  and  4,282 
votes  for  Mark  Trafton,  American;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,G31  votes 
against  4,911  votes  for  Plunkct,  Democrat,  and  7 
votes  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  10,409  votes  against  4,396  votes 
for  M.  T.  Leonard,  and  567  votes  for  J.  M.  Cole; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,449  votes  against  5,785  votes  for  Chapin,  Peo 
ple's  candidate;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  11,594  votes  against  6,315  votes 
for  Harvey  Arnold,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  8,125  votes  against  4,185 
votes  for  Chapin,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  12,260  votes  against 
7,490  votes  for  Chapin,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,419  votes 
against  7,077  votes  for  Noble,  Democrat,  and  368 
votes  for  Bosworth,  Prohibitionist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  12,260  votes 
against  6,927  votes  for  J.  F.  Arnold,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1875;  de 
clined  being  a  candidate  for  election  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress ;  he  was  elected  United-States 
senator  to  succeed  Charles  Sumner  (whose  unex- 
pired  term  had  been  filled  by  William  B.  Washburn), 
and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1875. 

Dawson,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1762; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1782;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Washing 
ton  ticket  in  1793;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  30,  1814,  when  he 
died  at  Washington  City. 


Dawson,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  in  1800;  removed  to  Louisiana,  where  he 
became  a  planter;  was  several  years  a  nember  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  judge  of  the 
Parish  Court ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Lou 
isiana  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  1,933  votes  against  1,920  votes  for 
Morgan,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  300  majority,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  died  at  St.  Francis- 
ville,  Louisiana,  June  26,  1845. 

Dawson,  John  L.,  was  born  at  Uniontown, 
Pennsylvania,  February  7,  1813;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Washington  College ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Brownsville,  Pennsylvania;  was  United- 
States  district-attorney  for  the  Western  District  of 
Pennsylvania  1845-1848;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  6,404  votes  against  6,135  votes 
for  Ogle,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  9,791  votes  against  7,460 
votes  for  Gowen,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  appointed  by  President 
Pierce  governor  of  Kansas  Territory,  but  declined; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  10,234  votes  against  10,009  votes  for  Steward, 
Unionist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  10,855  votes  against  10,730  votes 
for  Fuller,  Unionist,  serving  from  December  7,  1863, 
to  March  3,  1867;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Conventions  in  1844,  1848,  1860,  and 
1868;  and  died  at  Uniontown,  Pennsylvania,  Sep 
tember  18,  1870. 

Dawson,  William  C.,  was  born  in  Greene 
County,  Georgia,  January  4,  1798;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Franklin  College  in 
1816;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Greensborough,  Georgia ;  was 
grand  master  of  the  Freemasons  of  Georgia;  was 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  and  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (in  place  of 
James  Coffee,  deceased)  as  a  State-rights  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  28,994  votes  on  general  ticket;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  33,128  votes 
against  30,989  votes  for  Campbell,  Van  Burcn  Demo 
crat  ;  anu  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  39,619  votes  against  35,569  votes  for 
Mark  A.  Cooper,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  26,  1836,  to  September  13,  1841,  when  he 
resigned;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Ochmulgee 
Circuit  in  1845;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Georgia,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1855;  and  died  at  Greensborough,  Georgia, 
May  5,  1856. 

Dawson,  William  J.,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Third  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795. 

Day,  Rowland,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York  in  1788;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1816-1817;  held  several  local 
offices  at  Sempronius,  where  he  resided;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1835. 

Day,  Timothy  C.,  was  born  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,716  votes  against 
4,442  votes  for  Pennington,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  and  died 
at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  15,  1869. 

Dayan,  Charles,  was  born  at  Amsterdam,  NCAV 
York,  July  16,  1792 ;  was  brought  up  on  a  farm,  re 
ceiving  a  public-school  education;  taught  school; 


364 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


stiidied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Lowville;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1827-1829;  was  acting  lieutenant-governor  in  1829; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1835  and 
1830;  was  district-attorney  for  Lewis  County  1840- 
1845 ;  died  at  Lowville  December  25,  1877. 

Dayton,  Elias  (father  of  Jonathan  Dayton), 
was  born  at  Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey,  in  1735;  re 
ceived  a  good  English  education ;  served  in  the  Jer 
sey  Blues  in  the  provincial  expedition  under  Wolfe, 
which  conquered  Canada;  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  of  Safety  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war 
of  the  Revolution;  was  appointed  colonel  of  the 
Third  New-Jersey  Regiment,  and  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general  January  7,  1783 ;  was  elect 
ed  major-general  of  militia;  was  elected  a  delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  and  died  at 
Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey,  July  17,  1807. 

Dayton,  Jonathan  (son  of  Elias  Dayton),  was 
born  in  New  Jersey  October  10,  1700;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1770 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
entered  the  Continental  army  as  paymaster  in  the 
regiment  commanded  by  his  father ;  served  through 
out  the  war  of  the  Revolution ;  was  several  years  a 
member  of  the  New-Jersey  House  of  Representatives, 
and  speaker  in  1790;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Federal 
Constitutional  Convention  1787;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Second  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3, 
1799 ;  served  as  speaker  during  the  Fourth  and  Fifth 
Congresses ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
New  Jersey,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to 
March  3,  1805;  and  died  at  Elizabethtown,  New 
Jersey,  October  9,  1824. 

Dayton,  William.  Lewis,  was  born  at  Baskin- 
ridge,  New  Jersey,  February  17,  1807;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1825;  studied  law  at  Gould's  Law  School,  Litch- 
field,  Connecticut;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey ; 
was  a  State  senator  1830,  1837 ;  was  judge  of  the  Su 
perior  Court  from  February  28,  1838,  to  November  1, 
1841,  when  he  resigned;  was  appointed  United-States 
senator  from  New  Jersey  (to  till  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  decease  of  Samuel  L.  Southard),  and  subse 
quently  elected,  serving  from  December  7,  1842,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  resumed  practice ;  was  nominated  in 
1850  Republican  candidate  for  Vice-President  on  the 
Fremont  ticket,  receiving  on  the  informal  ballot  in 
the  convention  259  votes  against  110  votes  for  Abra 
ham  Lincoln,  and  received  114  electoral  votes  against 
173  electoral  votes  for  John  C.  Breckinridge,  Demo 
crat,  and  8  electoral  votes  for  A.  J.  Donelson,  Ameri 
can;  was  attorney-general  of  New  Jersey  1857-1801; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  minister  to 
France  March  18,  1801,  and  served  until  he  died, 
at  Paris,  December  1,  1804. 

Dean,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Clitherve,  Eng 
land,  August  14,  1824;  came  to  this  country  at  an 
early  age,  and  resided  at  Lowell,  Massachusetts; 
received  a  classical  education  at  the  public  schools 
of  Lowell  and  at  Dartmouth  College;  studied  law 
with  Judge  Thomas  Hopkinson  at  Lowell,  and  at  the 
Cambridge  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845;  practised  at  Lowell,  and  subsequently  at  Bos 
ton  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  in 
1802,  1803,  and  1809;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  (as  the  House  subsequently  de 
termined)  9,315  votes  against  9,295  votes  for  Wai- 
bridge  A.  Field,  Republican.  Mr.  Field  received  the 
certificate  of  election  on  a  different  return,  and  took 
the  seat;  but  Mr.  Dean  contested  it,  and  was  declared 
entitled  to  it  March  28,  1878,  from  which  day  he 
served. 


Dean,  Ezra,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York 
in  1791;  removed  to  Wooster,  Ohio;  held  several 
local  oflices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  3,008  votes  against  1,588  votes  foi  Well- 
house,  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1845;  died  at  Wooster,  Ohio. 

Dean,  Gilbert,  was  born  at  Pleasant  Valley, 
Dutchess  County,  New  York ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1841;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Ponghkeepsie  in  1844;  held  several  local 
offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  0,218  votes  against  5,942  votes  for  Cruger, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,937  votes  against  9,798  votes  for 
Cruger,  Whig,  serving  from  December  ],  1851,  to 
July  3,  1854,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  ap 
pointed  judge  of  the  Second  District  of  the  Supreme 
Court  (in  the  place  of  Seward  Barculo,  deceased),  and 
serving  until  November  0,  1855;  died  at  Pough- 
keepsie  October  12,  1870. 

Dean,  Josiah,  was  born  at  Raynham,  Massachu 
setts,  March  10, 1748;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson 
ticket  in  1805;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1804-1807 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  Octo- 
bcv  20,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1810,  1811 ;  died 
October  14,  1818. 

Dean,  Sidney,  was  born  at  Glastenbury,  Con 
necticut,  November  10,  1818;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  a  manufacturer,  and  afterwards  be 
came  a  clergyman ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  8,055  votes  against  3,877  votes 
for  White,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  0,082  votes 
against  5,000  votes  for  J.  A.  Hovey,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859;  re 
moved  in  1800  to  Rhode  Island,  where  he  was  pastor 
of  a  church;  became  the  editor  of  "The  Providence 
Press." 

Deane,  Silas,  was  born  at  Groton,  Connecticut, 
December  24,  1737;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1758;  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits  at  Weathersfield,  Connecticut;  was 
prominent  in  the  ante-Revolutionary  movements; 
was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1770;  was  sent  on  a  secret  mission  to 
France  in  March,  1770,  and  was  commissioned  as  am 
bassador,  with  Franklin  and  Lee,  in  September,  1770; 
negotiated  and  signed  the  treaty  with  France  of  Feb 
ruary  0,  1778,  and  personally  secured  the  services  of 
Lafayette,  De  Kalb,  and  other  foreign  officers ;  was 
recalled  in  1777,  and  investigated  by  Congress,  Lee 
having  charged  him  with  financial  irregularities ;  re 
turning  to  France  to  procure  transcripts  of  his  pecu 
niary  transactions  there,  he  found  that  the  publication 
of  some  of  his  confidential  despatches  had  imbittered 
the  French  Government  against  him,  and  he  was 
forced  to  go  to  Holland,  and  thence  to  Great  Britain, 
impoverished,  and  feeling  that  he  had  been  injured; 
he  died  at  Deal,  England,  August  23, 1789.  Congress, 
in  1842,  vindicated  his  reputation  by  deciding  that  a 
considerable  sum  of  money  was  due  him,  and  direct 
ing  the  payment  of  it  to  his  heirs.  He  published 
several  political  pamphlets. 

Dearborn,  Henry  (father  of  Henry  A.  S.  Dear 
born),  was  born  at  Hampton,  New  Hampshire,  Feb 
ruary  23,  1751 ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  medicine  under  Dr.  Jackson  of  Portsmouth ; 
was  licensed,  and  commenced  practice  at  Nottingham 
Square  in  1772;  was  captain  of  a  company  of  minute- 
men,  which  he  led  to  Cambridge  the  day  after  the 
battle  of  Lexington  in  1775,  and  served  with  distinc- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


365 


tion  throughout  the  Revolutionary  war;  removed  to 
Monmouth,  Maine,  in  June,  1784;  was  elected  briga 
dier-general  of  militia  in  1787,  and  major-general 
in  1789;  was  appointed  by  President  Washington 
United-States  marshal  for  the  District  of  Maine  in 
1789;  was  elected  a  representative  from  one  of  the 
Maine  districts  of  Massachusetts  in  the  Third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  until  March 
3,  1797;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  secre 
tary  of  war,  serving  from  March  4,  1801,  until  March 
7, 1809;  was  appointed  by  President  Madison  collector 
of  the  port  of  Boston  in  1809,  and  served  until  ap 
pointed  senior  major-general  in  the  United-States 
army  January  27, 1812,  and  detailed  to  the  command 
of  the  Northern  Department :  he  was  in  command  at 
the  capture  of  York  (now  Toronto)  April  27,  1813, 
and  Fort  George  May  27, 1813,  but  was  recalled  from 
the  frontier  July  0,  1813,  and  placed  in  command  of 
the  city  of  New  York ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Monroe  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Portugal,  serving 
from  May  7,  1822,  until  June  30,  1824,  when  he  was 
recalled  at  his  own  request;  he  settled  at  lioxbury, 
annually  revisiting  his  farm  in  Maine ;  and  died  at 
Eoxbury,  Massachusetts,  June  G,  1829. 

Dearborn,  Henry  Alexander  Scammell 
(son  of  H.  Dearborn),  was  born  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1783;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College  in  1803; 
studied  law  with  Judge  Story;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Salem,  Massachu 
setts;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Boston  1812-1829; 
was  brigadier-general  commanding  the  volunteers  at 
Boston  during  the  war  of  1812;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1820;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1829,  and 
State  senator  1830;  Avas  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  was 
adjutant-general  of  Massachusetts  1834-1843;  was 
mayor  of  Roxbury  1847-1851 ;  and  died  at  Portland, 
Maine,  July 29, 1851.  He  published  "The  Commerce 
of  the  Black  Sea,"  "  Life  of  Henry  Dearborn,"  "  Life 
of  Commodore  Bainbridge,"  and  "Life  of  Christ." 

Deberry,  Edmund,  was  born  at  Mount  Gilead, 
North  Carolina,  August  14,  1787;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  180G-1811,  1813, 
1814,  1820,  1821,  1820-1828;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
as  an  Adams  man,  receiving  200  majority  over  John 
A.  Cameron,  Jackson  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Adams  candidate  for  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  3,073  votes  against  3,082  votes  for 
L.  Bethune,  Jackson  Democrat;  was  again  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving  37  majority 
over  Laurence  Bethune,  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  480  majority  over  Bethune,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
760  majority  over  Bethune,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  3,649  votes 
againsi  2,753  votes  for  W.  A.  Morris,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
891  majority ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  2,063  votes  against  1,851  votes  for 
Mendell,  also  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 1833, 
to  March  3, 1845 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,899  votes  against 
4,299  votes  for  G.  W.  Caldwell,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3, 1851 ;  died  at 
Mount  Gilead,  North  Carolina,  December  12,  1859. 

De  Bolt,  Rezin  A.,  was  born  in  Fairfield  Coun 
ty,  Ohio,  January  20, 1828;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  worked  on  a  farm  until  in  his  seventeenth 
year,  when  he  was  apprenticed  for  three  years  to  a 
tanner;  after  serving  his  time,  he  followed  his  trade 
for  a  few  years,  in  the  mean  time  studying  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  February,  1850;  removed  to 


Trenton,  Grundy  County,  Missouri,  in  1858,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  appointed  in  1859  com 
missioner  of  common  schools  for  Grundy  County, 
and  was  elected  to  the  same  office  in  I860,  serving 
until  the  commencement  of  the  civil  war;  entered 
the  Union  army  in  1861  as  captain  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Missouri  Volunteer  Infantry;  was  captured  at 
the  battle  of  Shiloh  April  6, 1862,  and  held  as  prisoner 
until  the  following  October;  resigned  his  commis 
sion  in  1863  on  account  of  impaired  health;  in  1864 
he  again  entered  the  United-States  service  as  major 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Missouri  Volunteer  Infantry,  and 
was  mustered  out  in  August,  1865 ;  was  elected  judge 
of  the  Circuit  Court  for  the  Eleventh  Judicial  Circuit 
of  Missouri  in  November,  1863,  which  office  he  held 
by  re-election  until  January  1,  1875;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,722  votes  against 
11,505  votes  for  Ira  B.  Hyde,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Deering,  Nathaniel  C.,  was  born  at  Denmark, 
Maine,  September  22,  1827;  was  educated  at  public 
schools  and  at  North-Bridgeton  Academy;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
Maine  in  1855  and  1856 ;  removed  to  Osage,  Iowa,  in 
1857;  was  a  clerk  of  the  United-States  Senate  1861- 
1865;  was  special  agent  of  the  post-office  department 
for  the  district  comprising  Minnesota,  Iowa,  and  Ne 
braska,  1865-1869;  was  national-bank  examiner  for 
the  State  of  Iowa  1869-1877 ;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  20,770  votes  against  9,339 
votes  for  Cyrus  Foreman.  Democrat. 

Defrees,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  at  Carthage, 
Tennessee,  May  13,  1812;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  removed  to 
Indiana,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was 
sheriff  of  Elkhart  County  1836-1840;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1849,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1850;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Unionist,  receiving  14.617  votes  against  14,037  votes 
for  Joseph  K.  Edgerton,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Degener,  Edward,  was  born  in  Brunswick, 
Germany,  October  20,  1809;  received  an  academic 
education,  partly  in  England  and  partly  in  Germany ; 
was  twice  member  of  a  legislative  body  in  Anhalt- 
Dessau,  and  was  a  member  of  the  first  German  par 
liament  in  Frankfort ;  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1850,  and  settled  in  Sistcrdalc,  Texas,  as  a  farmer; 
was  court-martial  led  and  imprisoned  by  the  Confed 
erates  for  his  devotion  to  the  Union  cause;  after  his 
release  he  remained  in  San  Antonio,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1866,  in  which  he  offered  the 
first  resolution  in  favor  of  universal  suffrage;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1868,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,312  votes  against  9,240  votes  for  Ilayncs,  Democrat, 
and  949  votes  for  Varncll,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  31,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 

De  Graff,  John  I.,  was  born  at  Schenectady, 
New  York;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827, 
to  March  3,  1829 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  from  September  4,  1S37,  to 
March  3,  1839;  died  at  Schenectady,  New  York, 
June  26,  1848. 

Deitz,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  Schoharie  County, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1814, 
1815 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  1830-1833;  died  cat  Schoharie,  New  York. 

De  Jarnette,  Daniel  C.,  was  born  near  Bowl 
ing  Green,  Virginia,  in  1822;  received  a  liberal  edu- 


366 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


cation;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
served  several  years  in  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  an  anti-administration 
Democrat,  receiving  5,581  votes  against  5,481  votes 
for  J.  L.  Caskie,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1801;  was  elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  hut  did  not  serve;  was  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  First  and  Second 
Confederate  Congresses  1802-1865. 

Delano,  Charles,  was  horn  at  Braintree,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  182 J;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Amherst  College  in  1840;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Northampton,  Massachusetts;  was  ap 
pointed  treasurer  of  Hampden  County  in  1850;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
6,847  votes  against  3,270  votes  for  Osgood,  Democrat, 
and  508  votes  for  Trafton,  American;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
10,021  votes  against  2,528  votes  for  Josiah  Allis, 
Democrat,  and  744  votes  for  B.  Leavitt,  American, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Delano,  Columbus,  was  born  at  Shoreham, 
Vermont,  in  1809 ;  removed  to  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio, 
in  1817;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  practised 
at  Mount  Vernon;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  de 
feating  McNulty,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  presented  to 
the  Whig  State  Convention  of  1847  as  a  candidate 
for  the  nomination  for  governor;  was  defeated  by 
two  votes;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  at  Chicago  which  nominated  Lincoln  and 
Hamlin;  served  as  State  commissary-general  of  Ohio 
in  1801 ;  was  presented  to  the  Republican  members 
of  the  Ohio  legislature  in  1802  as  a  candidate  for  the 
nomination  for  United-States  senator,  but  was  de 
feated  by  two  votes ;  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  House 
of  Representatives  in  1803;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Republican  Convention  at  Baltimore  which 
nominated  Lincoln  and  Johnson ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  11,870  votes  against  11,051  votes  for  Charles  Fol- 
let,  Democrat;  the  election  was  contested,  but  the 
House  decided  that  he  was  entitled  to  the  scat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  (as  the 
House  determined)  12,848  votes  against  12,707  votes 
for  George  W.  Morgan,  Democrat,  who  obtained  the 
certificate  of  election,  but  was  voted  out  of  the  seat 
June  3,  1808,  and  Mr.  Delano  recognized,  making  his 
term  of  service  from  December  4,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1809 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant  commissioner 
of  internal  revenue  March  5,  1809,  and  transferred 
to  the  position  of  secretary  of  the  interior,  sen-ing 
from  November  1, 1870,  to  October  19,  1875,  when  his 
resignation,  which  had  been  tendered  a  year  before, 
was  accepted. 

Delaplaine,  Isaac  C.,  was  born  at  New  York; 
received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Fusionist,  receiving  13,570  votes  against 
9,417  votes  for  Wakeman,  Republican,  and  serving 
from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1863. 

De  Large,  Robert  C.,  was  born  at  Aiken,  South 
Carolina,  March  15, 1842;  received  such  an  education 
as  was  then  attainable;  was  a  farmer;  was  an  agent 
of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  from  May,  1807,  to  April, 
1868,  when  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  State  legislature  in 
1868-1869  and  1S70;  was  one  of  the  State  commis 
sioners  of  the  sinking  fund;  was  elected  in  1870 
State  land  commissioner,  and  served  until  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
16,080  votes  against  15,700  votes  for  C.  C.  Bovvcii,  In 


dependent  Republican;  was  appointed  a  trial-justice, 
which  office  he  held  when  he  died  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  February  15,  1874. 

Dellet,  James,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1788, 
and  immigrated  to  South  Carolina  when  young;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  South  Carolina  in  1810;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  removed  to  Alabama  in  1818,  and  located  at 
Claiborne;  was  elected  to  the  first  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  under  the  State  Government  in  1819,  and 
was  its  speaker ;  was  re-elected  in  1821  and  1825 ;  was 
an  unsuccessful  Whig  candidate  for  Congress  in  1833; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,132 
votes  against  3,930  votes  for  John  Murphy,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  until  March  3, 
1841;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,843  votes  against  4,708 
votes  for  Henry  Goldthwait,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  1, 1845,  until  March  3, 1847;  he  after 
wards  devoted  himself  to  the  management  of  his 
large  property;  and  died  at  Claiborne  December  21, 
1848. 

Deming,  Benjamin  F.,  was  born  at  Danville, 
Vermont;  received  a  public-school  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  for  sixteen  years 
clerk  of  the  county  courts;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Vermont  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  July  11, 
1834,  when  he  (lied  at  Saratoga  Springs,  New  York. 

Deming,  Henry  C.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1830 ;  studied  law ;  graduated  at  the  Har 
vard  Law  School  in  1838;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  New-York  City,  con 
tributing  to  several  periodicals;  removed  in  1847  to 
Hartford,  Connecticut;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1849,  1850,  1859,  1800,  and 
1801,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1851 ;  was  several  years  mayor  of 
Hartford ;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as  colonel 
of  the  Twelfth  Connecticut  Volunteers,  and  partici 
pated  in  the  occupation  of  New  Orleans;  was  ap 
pointed  mayor  of  New  Orleans  under  martial  law, 
serving  from  October,  1802,  to  February,  1803,  when 
he  resigned  his  commission ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,493  votes  against 
10,158  votes  for  Hyde,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  10,019  votes 
against  8,033  votes  for  Mitchell,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  11,447  votes  against  11,994  votes 
for  Richard  D.  Hubbard,  Democrat;  was  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  collector  of  internal  revenue 
in  1839,  and  served  until  his  death,  from  apoplexy, 
at  Hartford,  Connecticut,  October  9,  1872. 

De  Mott,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
moved  at  an  early  age  to  New  York ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1833;  was  prominent  as  a  Freemason; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
0,581  votes  against  0,387  votes  for  Holley,  Whig,  and 
034  votes  for  Gaylord,  Abolitionist,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Denison,  Charles,  was  born  in  the  Wyoming 
Valley,  Pennsylvania,  January  23,  1818;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Dickinson  College 
in  1829;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Wilkesbarre;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,408  votes  against 
9,041  votes  for  Grow,  Unionist;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  10,573  votes  against 
10,058  votes  for  Winthrop  W.  Ketcham,  Unionist; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  15,280  votes  against  13,274  votes  for  Archibald, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


367 


Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  June 
27,1867,  when  he  died  at  Wiikesbarre,  Pennsylvania. 

Denison,  Dudley  Chase,  was  born  at  Royal- 
ton,  Vermont,  September  13,  1819;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Ver 
mont  in  1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1844,  and  has  practised  since;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Vermont  in  1853  and  1854,  and  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1861,  1862,  and 
1863;  was  State's  attorney  1858-1860;  was  United- 
States  district-attorney  for  the  District  of  Vermont; 
and  was  elected,  on  the  second  trial,  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  8,295  votes  against  4,079  votes  for 
Luke  P.  Poland,  Republican,  and  1,524  votes  forL.  P. 
McLane,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  14,430  votes  against  5,739  votes 
for  Dickey,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Denning,  William,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  but  resigned  be 
fore  that  Congress  met. 

Dennis,  George  R.,  was  born  at  White  Haven, 
Somerset  County,  Maryland,  April  8,  1822 ;  was  grad 
uated  at  the  Polytechnic  Institute  of  Troy,  New  York, 
and  then  entered  the  University  of  Virginia;  studied 
medicine  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  being 
graduated  in  that  institution  in  1843;  practised  his 
profession  for  many  years,  but  retired,  and  has  since 
devoted  his  attention  principally  to  agricultural  pur 
suits;  is  president  of  the  Eastern-Shore  Railroad; 
was  a  delegate  from  the  State  at  large  to  the  Nation 
al  Whig  Convention  which  nominated  Fillmore  at 
Philadelphia  in  1856,  and  also  to  the  Democratic  Na 
tional  Convention  at  New  York  in  1868,  serving  as 
one  of  the  vice-presidents  of  that  body ;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  of  Maryland  in  1854,  to  the  House 
of  Delegates  in  1867,  and  again  to  the  Senate  in  1871 ; 
and,  while  filling  this  position,  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Maryland  as  a  Democrat  (to  suc 
ceed  George  Vickcrs),  serving  from  March  4,  1873. 

Dennis,  John  (father  of  John  Dennis),  was  born 
in  Somerset  County,  Maryland,  in  1807;  received  a 
classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  but  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  twice  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Fifth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth, 
Seventh,  and  Eighth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15, 
1797,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  died  at  Philadelphia  August 
17,  1807.  _ 

Dennis,  John  (son  of  John  Dennis),  was  born  in 
Somerset  County,  Maryland,  in  1807;  received  a  liber 
al  education,  and  studied  law,  but  devoted  himself 
to  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  twice  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  3,182  votes  against  2,801  votes  for 
Stewart,  Democrat,  and  36  votes  for  Donaho,  Whig, 
serving  from  September  4, 1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1850;  and  died  of  consumption  at  his  rural  home, 
near  Princess  Anne,  Maryland,  November  1,  1859. 

Dennis,  Littleton  Purnell,  was  born  in  Mary 
land;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1803;  served  several  years  in  the 
State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1800,  1812,  1816,  1824,  and  1828; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  208  ma 
jority  over  Stewart,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  1834,  when  he  died  at  Washington 
City. 

Dennison,  George,  was  born  in  Luzerne  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Wiikesbarre;  was  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature,  and  recorder  of  Luzerne 
County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 


nia  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  at 
Wiikesbarre,  Pennsylvania,  in  1831. 

Denny,  Arthur  A.,  was  born  in  Indiana  May 
7,  1822 ;  was  taken  by  his  parents  to  Knox  County, 
Illinois,  in  1834;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  surveyor  of  Knox  County  1843-1851 ;  removed  to 
the  Pacific  coast  in  1851,  and  located  at  Puget's 
Sound,  afterwards  Washington  Territory ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Territorial  legislature  1853-1861 ;  was  regis 
ter  of  the  land-office  at  Olympia  1861-1865;  was  elect 
ed  a  delegate  from  Washington  Territory  in  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to 
March  3,  1867. 

Denny,  Harmar,  was  born  at  Pittsburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1794;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dickinson  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Pittsburg;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress  as  an  anti-Mason,  receiving  4,208  votes  against 
3,092  votes  for  James  S.  Stevenson ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  7,  1829, 
to  March  3,  1837;  died  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania, 
January  29,  1852. 

Denoyelles,  Peter,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March 

2,  1815. 

Dent,  George,  was  born  in  Maryland;  received 
a  classical  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March 
3, 1801 ;  was  elected  speaker  pro  tcmporc  April  20, 1793 
(during  the  illness  of  Mr.  Speaker  Dayton),  and  served 
two  days;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson,  in 
1801,  United-States  marshal  for  the  Potomac  District. 

Dent,  William  B.  "W.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Newnan,  Georgia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  6,706  votes  against  6,363  votes  for  Calhoun, 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 

3,  1855;   died  at  iiis  residence  at  Newnan,  Georgia, 
after  a  long  illness,  September  9,  1855. 

Denver,  James  "W.,  was  bora  at  Winchester, 
Virginia,  in  1818;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
removed  in  1841  to  Missouri,  where  he  taught  school ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in 
the  war  with  Mexico  as  captain;  removed  to  Califor 
nia  in  1850;  was  appointed  secretary  of  state  of  Cali 
fornia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  California 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  anti-Broderick 
Democrat,  receiving  37,676  votes  against  36,524  votes 
for  Bowie,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1857;  was  appointed  by  President  Bu 
chanan  commissioner  of  Indian  affairs  April  17,  1857; 
resigned,  to  serve  as  governor  of  Kansas,  June  17, 
1858,  and  was  re-appointed  November  8,  1858,  serv 
ing  to  March  13,  1859;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Soldiers' 
Convention  at  Cleveland  in  1866;  located  at  Wash 
ington  City,  and  practised  there. 

Desaussure,  W^illiam  P.,  was  born  at  Charles 
ton,  South  Carolina,  in  1792;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1810; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Charleston ;  was  appointed  United-States  senator 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  R.  B. 
Rhett,  resigned),  serving  from  December  20,  1852,  to 
March  3,  1853. 

Desha,  Joseph  (brother  of  Robert  Desha),  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania  December  9,  1768;  removed  to 
Kentucky  in  1781 ;  served  in  the  Indian  wars  under 
Generals  Wayne  and  Harrison;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


368 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Kentucky  in  the  Tenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and 
Fifteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  20,  1807, 
to  March  3,  1819;  was  governor  of  Kentucky  1824- 
1823;  and  died  at  Georgetown,  Kentucky,  October  13, 
1842. 

Desha,  Robert  (brother  of  Joseph  Desha),  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania;  removed  to  Tennessee  early  in 
life ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  captain  and  brigade- 
major;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  without  opposition,  serving 
from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  Feb 
ruary  8,  1849. 

Destrihan,  John  Noel,  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Louisiana,  receiving  21  votes 
against  10  votes  for  Mr.  Brown,  but  resigned  in  1812, 
having  never  taken  his  seat. 

Dewart,  Lewis,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  Sunbury;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1831, 
to  March  2,  1833. 

Dewart,  William  L.,  was  born  in  Pennsylva 
nia;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Sunbury,  Pennsylvania;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,081  votes  against  5,384  votes  for  James  II. 
Campbell,  Whig;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,959  votes  against  0,418  votes  for 
Campbell,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  4,803  votes  against  7,153  votes  for  James  H. 
Campbell,  Republican. 

Deweese,  John  T.,  was  born  in  Crawford  Coun 
ty,  Arkansas,  June  4, 1835 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  entered  the 
Union  army  in  1801 ;  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel 
in  1803,  and,  at  the  conclusion  of  the  war,  was  com 
missioned  a  lieutenant  in  the  army;  resigned,  and 
was  appointed  register  in  bankruptcy  for  North  Caro 
lina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  a  majority  of  2,500  votes;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  14, 790  votes  against 
13,55'J  votes  for  Rogers,  Democrat,  serving  from  July 
6,  1808,  to  February  28,  1870,  when  he  resigned. 

Dewey,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Sheffield,  Massa 
chusetts,  January  29,  1700;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  passing  two  years  at  Yale  College;  studied 
law  with  Judge  Scdgewick  at  Stockbridge ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wil- 
liamstown,  Massachusetts,  in  May,  1787;  was  treas 
urer  of  Williams  College  1798-1814;  was  a  member  of 
the  governor's  council  in  1809  and  1812;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  1814, 
when  he  resigned;  was  appointed  by  Governor 
Strong  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massachu 
setts  in  1814,  and  served  until  he  died,  May  20,  1815. 

De  Witt,  Alexander,  was  born  at  New  Brain- 
tree,  Massachusetts,  April  2,  1798;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  engaged  in  manufacturing,  and 
erected  a  large  mill  for  spinning  thread  at  Oxford; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1830-1830;  was  a  commission-merchant  in  Boston 
1837-1840;  was  a  State  senator  in  1842,  1844,  1850, 
and  1851 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  10,228  votes  against  1,702  votes 
for  Isaac  Davis,  Democrat,  and  1,015  votes  for  Ira  M. 
Barton,  Whig ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  8,795  votes  of  the  11,420  votes 
cast,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1857;  was  defeated  as  the  American  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  4,414  votes 


against  8,920  votes  for  Eli  Thayer,  Republican,  2,987 
votes  for  N.  Wood,  Democrat,  and  292  votes  for  J.  G. 
Thurston,  National  American. 

De  Witt,  Charles,  was  born  at  Kingston,  New 
York,  in  1728;  received  a  classical  education;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  New  York  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1783-1785;  and  died  at  Kingston,  New 
York,  September  12,  1787. 

De  Witt,  Charles  G.,  was  born  at  Newburg, 
New  York,  in  1802 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3, 
1831;  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  charge 
d'affaires  to  Central  America  January  29,  1833,  serv 
ing  until  February,  1839;  returned  home,  and  died  at 
Newburg,  New  York,  April  13,  1839. 

De  Witt,  David  Miller,  was  born  at  Paterson, 
New  Jersey,  November  25,  1837;  received  his  early 
education  at  the  public  schools  of  Brooklyn,  a  select 
school  at  Saugerties,  and  Kingston  Academy;  gradu 
ated  at  Rutgers  College,  New  Brunswick,  June,  1858; 
studied  law  in  New  York  and  Brooklyn,  and  practised 
at  Kingston;  was  elected  district-attorney  of  Ulster 
County  in  the  fall  of  1802,  and  re-elected  in  the  fall 
of  1805 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  12,031  votes  against  12,014  votes  for  J.  Max 
well,  Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

De  Witt,  Jacob  H.,  was  born  in  Ulster  County, 
New  York,  in  1784;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  G,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1839  and  in  1847;  and  died  at  Kingston,  New 
York,  January  30,  1857. 

D'Wplfe,  James,  was  born  at  Bristol,  Rhode 
Island,  in  1703;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Rhode  Island,  serving  from  December  3,  1821, 
to  December,  1825,  when  he  resigned ;  died  at  New- 
York  City,  December  21,  1837. 

Dexter,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
May  14,  1701 ;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1781;  studied  law  at 
Worcester  with  Levi  Lincoln;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1788-1790;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Third 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  2, 
1793,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  elected  United-States 
senator,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  until  he  re 
signed  in  June,  I860;  was  appointed  by  President 
Adams  secretary  of  war  May  13,  1800,  and  secretary 
of  the  treasury  December  31,  1800;  was  removed  by 
President  Jefferson,  but  became  an  earnest  supporter 
of  his  Democratic  war-policy ;  was  offered  the  mis 
sion  to  Spain  by  President  Madison,  and  declined  it; 
was  a  leading  practitioner  before  the  Supreme  Court; 
and  died  at  Athens,  New  York,  on  his  way  home 
from  Washington  with  his  family,  May  3, 1810.  Pub 
lished  "The  Progress  of  Science"  (a  poem)  1780, 
"  Speeches  and  Political  Papers,"  and  several  politi 
cal  pamphlets. 

Dibrell,  George  Gibbs,  was  born  in  White 
County,  Tennessee,  April  12,  1822;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education,  and  attended  East-Tennessee 
University  one  session;  is  a  fanner  and  merchant; 
has  held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Tennessee 
in  February,  1801,  on  the  Union  ticket;  was  elected 
to  the  State  legislature  of  Tennessee  in  August,  1801 ; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  as  private;  was  elected 
lieutenant-colonel,  and  promoted  colonel  and  briga 
dier-general  of  cavalry;  was  detailed  to  escort  the 
executive  officers  and  treasure  of  the  Confederate 
Government  after  the  evacuation  of  Richmond,  and 
did  so  from  Greensborough,  North  Carolina,  to  Wash 
ington,  Georgia,  where  his  command  was  paroled 
May  11,  1805;  was  a  member  of  the  Const itutional 
Convention  of  Tennessee  in  1870;  was  elected  a  rep- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


369 


reset  cative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-fourtli  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,559  votes  against 
4,597  votes  for  D.  M.  Nelson,  Republican,  and  372 
votes  for  William  B.  Stokes,  Independent  Repub 
lican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  13,132  votes  against  8,218  votes  for  Drake, 
Republican. 

Dick,  John,  was  born  at  Meadville,  Pennsylva 
nia;  received  a  public-school  education ;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  no  opposition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,944 
votes  against  4,215  votes  for  McFadden,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Dick,  Samuel,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ;  received 
a  classical  education;  studied  medicine,  and  prac 
tised;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1783  and  1784 ;  and  died  in  New 
Jersey  in  November,  1812. 

Dickens,  Samuel,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
received  an  academic  education;  was  elected  a 'rep 
resentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Richard  Stanford,  deceased), 
serving  from  December  2,  1810,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Dickerson,  Mahlon  (brother  of  Philemon 
Dickcrson),  was  born  at  Hanover,  New  Jersey,  April 
17,  1770;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1789;  studied  law;  was  ad- 
milted  to  the  bar  in  1793,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Philadelphia;  was  quartermaster-general  of  Pennsyl 
vania  1805-1898;  was  recorder  of  the  city  court  of 
Philadelphia  1808-1810;  removed  back  to  New  Jersey, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1814;  was  governor  of  New  Jersey  1815- 
1817;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  New 
Jersey  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  favoring  protec 
tion,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  2, 
1833;  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  secretary 
of  the  navy  June  30,  1834,  and  re-appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Van  Buren,  serving  until  June  30,  1838 ;  was 
United-States  district-judge  of  the  District  of  New 
Jersey;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1844;  was  president  of  the  American 
Institute  1840-1848;  and  died  at  his  residence,  Suca- 
sanny,  Morris  County,  New  Jersey,  October  5,  1853. 

Dickerson,  Philemon  (brother  of  Mahlon 
Dickcrson),  was  born  in  Morris  County,  New  Jersey, 
in  1792;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Paterson,  New  Jersey;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  1830, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  New  Jersey  in 
1830;  was  again  elected  to  the.  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  March  10,  1840,  to.March  3,  1841 ; 
was  judge  of  the  United-States  District  Court  for 
the  District  of  New  Jersey;  and  died  at  Paterson, 
New  Jersey,  December  10,  1802. 

Dickey,  Jesse  C.,  was  born  in  Chester  County, 
Pennsylvania  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,786  votes  against  5,100  votes  for  Hemp- 
hill,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1851. 

Dickey,  John,  was  born  at  Beaver,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twen 
ty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,9G2  votes 
against  4,903  votes  for  Leet,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  appointed 
United-States  marshal  for  the  Western  District  of 
Pennsylvania;  and  died  at  Beaver,  Pennsylvania, 
March  14,  1853. 

Dickey,  Oliver  J.,  was  born  in  Old  Brighton, 
Pennsylvania,  April  G,  1823;  received  an  academic 


education;  passed  through  the  junior  year  at  Dick 
inson  College;  studied  lav/  with  Thaddcus  Stevens 
in  Lancaster,  and  practised;  never  held  any  public 
office,  except  district-attorney  for  Lancaster  County 
from  1850  to  1859;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  (to  fill  the  va 
cancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Thaddeus  Stevens),  and 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,993  votes  against  8,074  votes  for  Swarr, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  9.722  votes  against  7,411  votes 
for  A.  K.  Witner,  Independent,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1808,  to  March  3,  1871;  died  at  Lancaster, 
Pennsylvania,  of  typhoid  pneumonia,  April  21,  1870. 

Dickinson,  Daniel  Stevens,  was  born  at 
Goshen,  Connecticut,  September  11,  1800;  was  taken 
by  his  father  to  Chenango  County,  New  York,  in 
1800;  received  a  public-school  education;  taught 
school,  and  studied  the  classics  and  mathematics 
without  a  master;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1826,  and  in  1831  commenced  practice  at  Bing- 
hamton,  New  York;  was  a  State  senator  1837-1840; 
was  lieutenant-governor,  president  of  the  Senate, 
and  president  of  the  Court  of  Errors,  1842-1844;  was 
a  regent  of  the  University  of  New  York  in  1843;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention, 
and  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  ticket,  in  1844; 
was  appointed  United-States  senator  (to  fill  the  va 
cancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  N.  P.  Tal- 
madgc,  appointed  governor  of  Wisconsin)  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  was  subsequently  elected,  serving  from 
December  9,  1844,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  of  1852;  was 
elected  attorney-general  of  the  State  of  New  York  in 
1801;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  of  18G4;  was  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  United-States  district-attorney  for  the  South 
ern  District  of  New- York;  died  suddenly,  at  New- 
York  City,  April  12,  1860. 

Dickinson,  David  W.,  was  born  at  Franklin, 
Tennessee,  in  1807 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,137  votes  against  no  opposition,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  June  12,  1844;  was 
prevented  by  ill  health  from  attending  the  last  ses 
sion  of  his  term,  and  died  near  Murfreesborough, 
Tennessee,  April  27,  1845. 

Dickinson,  Edward,  was  born  at  Amherst, 
Massachusetts,  January  1,  1803;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1823 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826,  and  prac 
tised  at  Amherst;  was  for  many  years  treasurer  of 
Amherst  College;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1839,  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1842-1843,  and  of  the  governor's  council  in  1846- 
1847;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  4,160  votes  against  1,625  votes  for  S.  F.  Cutler, 
Democrat,  and  1,507  votes  for  E.  Hopkins,  Free-soil 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1873 ;  and  died  June  16, 
1874. 

Dickinson,  Edward  F.,  was  born  at  Fremont, 
Ohio,  January  21,  1829;  graduated  at  the  St.  Xavier 
College,  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Fremont ;  served  over 
three  years  in  the  Union  army  as  lieutenant  and 
regimental  quartermaster  of  the  Eighth  Ohio  Infan 
try  ;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Sandusky-county  Pro 
bate  Court  in  1866;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,322  votes  against  14,677  votes  for  Gib 
son,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Dickinson,  John,  was  bom  in  Maryland  No 
vember  13,  1732;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law  at  Philadelphia,  and  afterwards  at  the 


370 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Temple  in  London;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Philadelphia;  was  a  membei 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Assembly  in  1764;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Delaware  to  the  Colonial  Congress  in  17G5, 
and  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1774-1770  and 
1779-1780;  served  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution  a 
brigadier-general  of  Pennsylvania  militia;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  State  of  Delaware  in  1781;  removed  to 
Philadelphia;  was  president  of  the  State  of  Pennsyl 
vania  1782-1785;  was  a  member  of  the  conventions 
which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution  and  the  con 
stitution  of  Delaware;  died  at  Wilmington,  Dela 
ware,  February  14,  1808.  His  political  writings  were 
published  in  two  volumes  in  1801. 

Dickinson,  John  D.,  was  born  in  Middlesex 
County,  Connecticut,  in  1767;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1785 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Troy,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1817 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December 
3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Troy,  New  York, 
January  28,  1841. 

Dickinson,  Philemon,  was  born  near  Dover, 
Delaware,  April  5,  1739;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Allison,  and  com 
menced  practice  near  Trenton,  residing  on  a  small 
farm,  which  he  cultivated;  served  in  the  army  of  the 
Revolution,  commanding  the  New-Jersey  militia  at 
the  battle  of  Monmouth;  was  elected  a  delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress ;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  New  Jersey  (in  place  of  William  Pat 
terson,  resigned),  serving  from  December  0,  1790,  to 
March  2,  1793;  died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  Feb 
ruary  4,  1809. 

Dickinson,  Rudplphus,  was  born  in  Massa 
chusetts  in  1798;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Lower  Sandusky,  Ohio;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,404  votes  against  5,184 
votes  for  Watson,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  died  at  Washington  City 
March  12,  1849. 

Dickson,  John,  was  born  in  Vermont;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Middlebury  Col 
lege  in  1808;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  West  Bloomfield,  New 
York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1829,  1830;  was  eleeted  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress 
as  a  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-Third 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March 
3,  1835. 

Dickson,  Samuel,  was  born  in  New  York  in 
1807;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  medi 
cine,  and  practised  at  New  Scotland,  New  York ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,G38  votes 
against  3,244  votes  for  Pruyn,  Democrat,  4,270  votes 
for  Harcourt,  American,  and  2,255  for  Hamilton, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1857;  contracted  a  spinal  disease  while 
faithfully  attending  the  sessions  of  the  House,  and 
died  at  New  Scotland,  New  York,  May  3,  1858. 

Dickson,  William,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Seventh  Congress;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Dillingham,  Paul,  jun.,  was  born  at  Shutcs- 
bury,  Massachusetts,  August  0,  1800;  was  taken  by 
his  father  to  Waterbury,' Vermont,  in  1805;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1824,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wa 


terbury;  was  a  justice  of  the  peace  1826-1844;  was 
town-clerk  of  Waterbury  1829-1844 ;  was  prosecuting- 
attorncy  for  Washington  County  1835-1838;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  183G, 
1837 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1830-1840,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1841, 
1842;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  0,317  votes  against  4,957  votes  for  Chandler, 
Whig,  797  votes  for  Putnam,  Abolition,  and  377  votes 
for  others;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1847. 

Dimmick,  Milo  M.,  was  born  in  Monroe 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  by  his  own  exertions ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Stroutlsburg, 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Dem?- 
ocrat,  receiving  7,704  votes  against  4,444  votes  for 
Wheeler,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  0,400  votes  against  399 
votes  scattering,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1853;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  and  was 
elected  in  1853  president-judge  of  the  Twenty-second 
Judicial  Circuit  of  Pennsylvania;  died  at  Mauch 
Chunk,  Pennsylvania,  November  21,  1872. 

Dimmick,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Milford, 
Pennsylvania,  December  20,  1815;  received  a  clas 
sical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Honesdale,  Penn 
sylvania;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  Wayne  County 
in  1836,  1837;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1845,  1840,  and  1847;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,235  votes  against  5,065  votes 
for  S.  E.  Dimmick,  Unionist ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,009  votes 
against  6,566  votes  for  D.  K.  Shoemaker,  Unionist, 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861; 
died  at  Honesdale,  Pennsylvania,  August  2,  1861. 

Dimock,  Davis,  jun.,  was  born  in  Susque- 
hanna  County,  Pennsylvania;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  that  State  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  until  his  death 
at  Montrose,  Pennsylvania,  of  disease  contracted  at 
the  previous  extra  session  of  Congress,  January  13, 
1842. 

Dinsmoor,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Windham, 
New  Hampshire,  July  1,  1706;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1789; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Keene,  New  Hampshire;  held  several 
commissions  successively  in  the  militia;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Twelfth 
Congress  as  a  War  Democrat,  serving  from  Novem 
ber  4,  1811,  until  March  3,  1813;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
as  a  War  Democrat,  receiving  15,996  votes  against 
18,611  votes  for  R.  Vose,  Peace  Federalist;  was  State 
:ouncillor  in  1821 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Munroe  ticket  in  1821 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
'or  governor  by  Lcvi  Woodbury;  was  judge  of  pro 
bate  for  Cheshire  County  1823-1831 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  commission  which  established  the  boundary- 
ine  between  New  Hampshire  and  Massachusetts  in 
1825;  was  governor  of  New  Hampshire  1831-1833; 
and  died  at  Keene,  New  Hampshire,  March  15,  1835. 

Disney,  David  Tiernan,  was  born  in  Balti 
more,  Maryland,  in  1803;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Ohio  with  his  parents  in  1807; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,   and  com 
menced  practice  at  Cincinnati;  was  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  scrv- 
ng  three  years  as  speaker;  took  an  active  part  in. 
sending  men,  and  munitions  of  war,  to  Texas  during 
the  struggle  of  that  State  for  independence;  was 
lected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,292  votes  against 
6,297  votes  for  Strait,  Whig,   and  2,158  votes  for 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


371 


Lewis,  Free-soil  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,'  receiving  10,640  votes,  with 
out  opposition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  5,852  votes  against  4,317 
votes  for  Cassilly,  Whig,  and  82  votes  for  Jolly,  Free- 
soil  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1855;  was  tendered  by  President  Buchanan 
the  mission  to  Spain,  but  declined  it;  and  died  at 
Washington  City,  after  a  brief  illness,  of  lung-fever, 
March  14,  1857. 

Diven,  Alexander  S.,  was  born  at  Catharine, 
New  York,  February  15,  1809 ;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Elmira;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1858;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,482  votes  against  10,088 
votes  for  Dowe,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  July  4, 
1SG1,  to  March  3,  18G3. 

Dix,  John  Adams,  was  born  at  Boscawen,  New 
Hampshire,  July  24,  1798;  received  an  academical 
education;  entered  the  United-States  army  as  ensign; 
served  throughout  the  war  of  1812,  and  resigned  in 
1828 ;  travelled  in  Europe ;  having  studied  law  while 
he  was  in  the  army,  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  on 
his  return,  and  commenced  practice  at  Coopcrstown; 
was  adjutant-general  of  New  York  in  1831;  was  sec 
retary  of  the  National  Democratic  Convention  which 
renominated  Jackson  at  Baltimore  in  1832;  was 
secretary  of  state  of  New  York  in  1833;  was  a  regent 
of  the  university,  member  of  the  council,  and  canal 
commissioner;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  from  Albany  in  1842;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  York  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Silas  Wright) 
as  a  Democrat,  and  served  from  January  27,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  appointed  postmaster  of  the  city 
of  New  York  in  1860;  was  secretary  of  the  treasury 
January  11,  1861,  to  March  3,  1861;  served  in  the 
Union  army  as  major-general  1861-18(i5;  declined 
the  mission  to  the  Netherlands;  was  naval  officer  of 
the  port  of  New  York ;  was  minister  to  France  from 
September  24,  18G6,  to  May  23,  1869;  was  governor  of 
the  State  of  New  York  in  1873-1875 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Republican  candidate  for  governor  in  1874,  and 
as  the  Republican  candidate  for  mayor  of  the  city  of 
New_  York  in  1876_. 

Dixon,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Caswell  County, 
North  Carolina,  April  2,  1892;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Henderson  County,  Kentucky,  in  1805;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Henderson,  Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1830  and  1841,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1836;  was  lieutenant-governor 
in  1843;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1849,  and  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Kentucky  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Henry  Clay)  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  20,  1852,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  an  advo 
cate  of  peace  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Frankfort  Peace  Convention  in 
1863;  died  at  Henderson,  Kentucky,  April  24,  1876. 

Dixon,  James,  was  born  at  Enfield,  Connecti 
cut,  August  5,  1814;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  from  Williams  College  in  1834 ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1837,  1838,  and  1844;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,612 
votes  against  6,941  votes  for  Thomas  II.  Seymour, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3, 
1849;  was  an  editorial  contributor  to  "The  Hartford 
Courant;"  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1854,  and  an  unsuccessful  can- 
date  for  the  Whig  nomination  for  United-States  sen 
ator;  was  elected.  United-States  senator  as  a  Repub 
lican  (to  succeed  Francis  Gillette,  Free-boiler),  and 


was  re-elected,  serving  from  March  4.  1857,  to  March 
3,  18C9;  was  prominent  in  the  attempt  to  organize  a 
Johnson  party  in  1866 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  United-States  senator  in  1868; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  repre 
sentative  in  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  10,885 
votes  against  11,620  votes  for  J.  L.  Strong,  Repub 
lican;  died  of  heart-disease  at  Hartford,  Connecti 
cut,  March  27,  1873. 

Dixon,  Joseph  Henry,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina;  served  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to 
March  3,  1801. 

Dixon,  Nathan  F.  (father  of  Nathan  F.  Dixon), 
was  born  at  Plainfield,  Connecticut,  1774;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Brown  University 
in  1799;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1802,  and  commenced  practice  at  Westerly,  Rhode 
Island;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly 
1813-1839;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  fi-om 
Rhode  Island  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  his  death,  at  Washington,  January  29, 1842. 

Dixon,  Nathan  F.,  was  born  at  Westerly, 
Rhode  Island,  May  1,  1812;  graduated  at  Brown 
University;  studied  at  the  Cambridge  and  New- 
Haven  Law  Schools;  practised  law;  was  a  member 
of  the  General  Assembly  of  Rhode  Island  in  1840- 
1849, 1851, 1852, 1855-1863;  was  one  of  the  governor's 
council  appointed  by  the  General  Assembly  during 
the  troubles  in  1842;  was  presidential  elector  in  1844; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  2,822 
votes  against  2,197  votes  for  Thurston,  Coalitionist, 
and  serving  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3, 1851 ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  4,202  votes  against  3,180  votes 
for  Browne,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  2,881  votes  against  1,291 
votes  for  Bradford,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  2,669  votes  against  1,480 
votes  for  Carder,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  4,135  votes  against 
2,640  votes  for  Waterhouse,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1871;  declined  a  re 
election  to  Congress,  and  resumed  practice;  was 
again  elected  to  the  General  Assembly  in  1872,  1873, 
1874,  1875,  1876,  and  1S77. 

Doane,  William,  was  born  in  Maine;  received 
a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio;  filled 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1843. 

Dobbin,  James  Cochrane,  was  born  at  Fay- 
ettcville,  North  Carolina,  in  1814 ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1832;  studied  law  with  Robert  Strange; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  1835,  and  practised  success 
fully  at  Fayetteville ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North 'Carolina  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,242  votes  against  3,236 
votes  for  Houghton,  Whig,  and  served  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1845,  until  March  3,  1847,  declining  a  re-elec 
tion;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  in 
1848,  1850,  and  1852,  and  was  chosen  speaker  in  1850; 
was  a  member  of  the  Democratic  National  Conven 
tion  at  Baltimore  in  1852;  was  appointed  secretary 
of  the  navy  by  President  Pierce,  serving  from  March 
7, 1853,  until  March  6, 1857;  and  died  at  Fayetteville, 
North  Carolina,  August  4,  1857. 

Dobbins,  Samuel  A.,  was  born  in  Burlington 
County,  New  Jersey,  April  14,  1814;  was  educated 
in  common  and  select  schools;  is  extensively  en 
gaged  in  farming;  was  high  sheriff  of  Burlington 
County  from  1854  until  1857 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  from  1859  until  1862;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  NCAV  Jersey  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,192  votes 


372 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


against  11,787  votes  for  S.  C.  Forker,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  13,997  votes  against  13,011  votes  for  A.  J.  Smith, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Dockery,  Alfred,  was  born  in  Richmond  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  December  11,  1797;  was  a  plant 
er;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of 
North  Carolina  in  1822,  and  State  senator  in  1836- 
1844;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  until  March  3,  1847, 
and  declined  re-election;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,352 
votes  against  4,277  votes  for  G.  W.  Caldwell,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  until 
March  3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  governor  in  1854,  receiving  40,020  votes  against 
48,705  votes  for  Bragg,  Democrat;  was  opposed  to 
secession,  and  became  a  Republican  after  the  war; 
and  died  at  his  residence  in  Richmond  County,  North 
Carolina,  December  7,  1875. 

Dockery,  Oliver  H.,  was  born  in  Richmond 
County,  North  Carolina,  August  12,  1830;  a  son  of 
the  Hon.  Alfred  Dockery,  an  ex-member  of  Con 
gress,  a  man  of  prominence  and  influence  in  the 
State  of  North  Carolina  for  the  last  thirty  years; 
he  received  a  good  education,  graduating  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  in  1848 ;  read  law,  but 
never  practised,  and  was  a  farmer;  represented  his 
county  in  the  legislature  of  1858  and  1859;  was  the 
district-elector  for  the  Union  ticket  under  Bell  and 
Everett  in  1800;  was  for  a  short  time  In  the  Confed 
erate  service,  but  honorably  withdrew  therefrom, 
and  ever  afterwards  took  a  bold  and  manly  stand  for 
the  re-establishment  of  the  National  Government, 
and  a  speedy  restoration  of  North  Carolina  to  her 
original  position  therein ;  he  was  active  and  enthu 
siastic  in  the  peace  movement  in  1804  in  his  State 
under  the  leadership  of  Governor  Holden ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from 
July  13,  1808,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,314  votes  against  13,353  votes  for  McKoy,  Demo 
crat. 

Dodd,  Edward,  was  born  at  Salem,  Washing 
ton  County,  New  York,  1805;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
was  clerk  of  Washington  County  1835-1844;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
6,700  votes  against  0,358  votes  for  Clark,  Democrat, 
2,428  votes  for  Hughes,  Democrat,  and  2,399  votes 
for  Andrews,  Temperance ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  11,717  votes  against 
5,033  votes  for  Cramer,  American,  and  5,373  votes 
for  Gray,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1859. 

Doddridge,  Philip,  was  born  at  Wellsbury, 
Western  Virginia,  1708;  he  was  reared  on  a  farm, 
where  he  taught  himself  Latin;  studied  law,  and 
won  distinction  at  the  bar;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  without 
opposition,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  his 
death  at  Washington,  November  19,  1832,  while  in 
the  performance  of  official  duties  as  one  of  a  com 
mittee  appointed  to  prepare  a  code  of  laws  for  the 
District  of  Columbia. 

Dodge,  Augustus  C.  (son  of  Henry  Dodge), 
was  born  at  St.  Genevieve,  Missouri,  January  2, 
1812;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Burlington,  Iowa,  and  was  register  of  the  land- 
office  there  1838-1840;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Iowa  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh,  Twenty-eighth, 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  8,  1840,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  elected  United- 


States  senator  from  Iowa  on  its  admission  as  a  State, 
serving  from  December  20,  1848,  to  his  resignation, 
February  8,  1855;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce 
minister  to  Spain,  serving  from  February  9,  1855,  to 
March  12,  1859  ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1804 ;  was 
elected  mayor  of  Burlington  on  an  Independent 
ticket  February  2,  1874. 

Dodge,  Grenville  M.,  was  born  at  Danvers, 
Massachusetts,  April  12,  1831  ;  graduated  at  the 
Military  University,  Norwich,  Vermont ;  studied 
civil  engineering;  was  engineer  in  several  important 
public  works,  and  became  chief  engineer  of  the 
Union  Pacific  Railroad ;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1801  as  captain,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  major-gen 
eral  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,290 
votes  against  9,898  for  Tuttle,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1S07,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Dodge,  Henry  (father  of  Augustus  C.  Dodge), 
was  born  at  Vinccnnes,  Indiana,  October  12,  1782; 
received  a  frontier-school  education ;  removed  to 
Missouri ;  entered  the  volunteer  service  when  a 
young  man,  and  was  engaged  in  the  Black-Hawk 
and  other  Indian  wars  at  the  North-West;  was  com 
missioned  major  of  United-States  Rangers  in  June, 
1832,  and  the  first  colonel  of  the  First  United-States 
Dragoons  March  4,  1833,  resigning  in  July,  1830; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  governor  of 
Wisconsin,  serving  from  July  4,  1830,  to  1841 ;  was 
elected  delegate  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  appointed  by 
President  Polk  governor  of  Wisconsin  February  0, 
1846 ;  was  elected  one  of  the  first  United-States  sen 
ators  from  the  State  of  Wisconsin  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  60  votes  against  23  votes  for  Collins,  Whig; 
and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  June  23,  1848,  to 
March  3,  1857. 

Dodge,  "William  B.,  was  born  at  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  September  4,  1805;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  New  York  when 
thirteen  years  of  age,  and  entered  a  store  as  clerk; 
commenced  business  on  his  own  account  in  1820, 
establishing  the  house  of  Phelps,  Dodge,  &  Co.,  of 
which  he  was  the  head  for  forty  years ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Peace  Convention  of  1801 ;  claimed  to 
have  been  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (James  Brooks  having 
received  the  certificate  of  election  and  taken  the 
scat) ;  and  the  House  decided,  April  0,  1800,  that  he 
had  received  8,378  legal  votes  against  8.362  legal 
votes  for  James  Brooks,  which  entitled  him  to  the 
seat,  serving  from  April  7,  1800,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Doe,  Nicholas  B.,  was  born  in  New  York,  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (in  the  place  of  Anson 
Brown,  deceased)  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December 
7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Doig,  Andrew  W.,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  taught  school;  was  county  surveyor  and  clerk; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Hoiise  of  Representatives 
in  1832;  was  surrogate  of  Washington  County  1835- 
1840 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  5,043  votes  against  3,835  votes  for  Seth  Miller, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  0,182  votes  against  4,774  votes 
for  H.  W.  Doolittle,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3, 1843;  went  to  California  in  1849, 
but  returned  to  Lowville,  New  York. 

Donley,  Joseph  B.,  was  born  at  Mount  Morris, 
Pennsylvania,  October  10, 1838;  graduated  at  Waynes- 
burg  College  in  1859;  was  engaged  in  teaching; 
entered  the  Union  army  in  1862,  serving  as  a  captain 
in  the  Eighty-third  Illinois  Infantry;  graduated  at 
the  Law  University  of  Albany,  New  York,  in  May, 
1806;  was  appointed  register  in  bankruptcy  for  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


373 


Twenty-fourth  District  in  May,  1867;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  If}, 800  votes 
against  12,737  votes  for  Crawford,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Donnan,  W^illiam.  GK,  was  born  at  West  Charl- 
ton,  New  York,  June  30,  1834;  his  early  education 
was  received  on  the  farm,  at  the  district-school,  and 
at  the  Cambridge  Academy;  he  entered  Union  Col 
lege,  New  York,  in  1853,  and  graduated  in  1856;  he 
removed  in  September,  1856,  to  Independence,  Iowa, 
where  he  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1857 ;  in  September  of  that  year  he  was  elected 
treasurer  and  recorder  of  Buchanan  County,  and 
held  the  office  by  re-election  until  1862 ;  he  entered 
the  Union  army  as  a  private  in  1802,  and  was  pro 
moted  to  the  grade  of  first  lieutenant,  and  brevetted 
captain  and  major  for  efficient  services  in  the  field, 
and  served  to  the  close  of  the  Rebellion ;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Iowa  in  1808  and 
1870,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,927  votes  against  10,901  votes  for  Stoneman,  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  13,654  votes  against  11,774  votes  for  J.  T. 
Stoneman,  Democrat  and  Liberal;  declined  being  a 
candidate  for  re-election,  having  served  from  March 
4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Donnell,  Richard  S.,  was  born  at  New  Berne, 
North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  4,293  votes  against  3,924  votes  for  Lane, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849. 

Donnelly,  Ignatius,  was  born  at  Philadelphia 
November  3,  1831 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion,  graduating  from  the  high  school  of  that  city; 
studied  and  practised  law;  went  to  Minnesota  in 
1857 ;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  Minnesota 
in  1859,  and  was  re-elected  in  1801;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Minnesota  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,920  votes 
against  4,921  votes  for  Cullen,  Democrat;  was 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
10,874  votes  against  8,211  votes  for  John  M.  Oilman, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,022  votes  against 
7,754  votes  for  Colville,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Doolittle,  James  R.,  was  born  at  Hampden, 
New  York,  January  3,  1815;  graduated  at  Geneva 
College,  New  York;  studied  and  practised  law;  was 
district-attorney  of  Wyoming  County,  New  York,  for 
several  years,  and  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1851 ; 
was  elected  judge  of  the  First  Judicial  Circuit  of 
Wisconsin  in  1853,  and  held  the  office  until  he  re 
signed  in  1856;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Wisconsin  as  a  Democratic  Republican  (to  suc 
ceed  Henry  Dodge,  Democrat);  and  was  re-elected, 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Dorsey,  Clement,  was  born  in  Anne  Arundel 
County,  Maryland;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses  with 
out  opposition,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to 
March  3,  1831 ;  died  August  6,  1846. 

Dorsey,  Stephen  ^W.,  was  born  at  Benson, 
Vermont,  February  28,  1842;  received  an  academical 
education;  removed,  when  a  boy,  to  Oberlin,  Ohio; 
was  one  of  the  first  to  volunteer  in  the  Union  army, 
in  which  he  served  under  General  Grant  at  Shiloh, 
General  Buell  at  Perryvillc,  General  Rosecrans  at 
Stone  River  and  Chattanooga,  and  General  Thomas 
at  Mission  Ridge;  in  1864  he  was  transferred  to  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  took  part  in  the  battles 
of  the  Wilderness  and  of  Cold  Harbor,  serving  until 
the  close  of  the  war;  returning  to  Ohio,  he  resumed 
business  as  an  employe  of  the  Sandusky  Tool  Com 
pany,  and  was  soon  chosen  its  president;  on  the 
Barne  day  he  was  elected,  without  his  knowledge, 


president  of  the  Arkansas  Central  Railway  Com 
pany;  removing  to  Arkansas,  he  was  chosen  chair 
man  of  the  Republican  County  and  State  Commit 
tees;  was  offered  a  seat  in  Congress  by  the  Repub 
licans  of  the  First  District,  but  declined,  and  was 
elected,  almost  unanimously,  United-States  senator 
from  Arkansas  as  a  Republican,  and  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1873. 

Doty,  James  Duane,  was  born  in  New  York, 
1800;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
early  in  life  to  Wisconsin  Territory,  and  settled  at 
Menasha;  was  elected  delegate  from  Wisconsin  as  a 
Democrat  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (successfully 
contesting  the  seat  with  G.  W.  Jones),  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from 
January  14,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  governor  of 
Wisconsin  1841-1844;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,746  votes  against  3,338  votes 
for  T.  O.  Howe,  Whig,  and  2,330  votes  for  Judd, 
Free-soil  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Free-soil  Democrat,  receiving 
11,159  votes  against  5,371  votes  for  Hobert,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  treasurer  of 
Utah,  and  governor  of  that  Territory  in  1864;  died 
at  Salt-Lake  City,  Utah,  June  11,  1865. 

Doubleday/ Ulysses  P.,  was  born  in  Otsego 
County,  New  York,  in  1794;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing; 
established  a  newspaper  at  Ballston,  and  another 
at  Auburn,  publishing  the  last  twenty  years;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5, 1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7, 1835,  to  March  3, 1837 ;  removed  to 
New  York,  and  engaged  in  the  book-trade  there; 
died  at  Belvidcre,  Illinois,  March  11,  1866. 

Douglas,  Beverly  B.,  was  born  in  New-Kent 
County,  Virginia,  December  21,  1822;  received  an 
academic  and  collegiate  education;  studied  law; 
graduated  from  the  law  school  of  Judge  Beverly 
Tucker,  William  and  Mary  College,  1843,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844;  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  to  amend  the  State  Con 
stitution  in  1850-1851 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  for  twelve  years;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Breckinridge  and  Lane  ticket  in  1860;  entered 
the  Confederate  army  as  first  lieutenant  in  Lee's 
Rangers,  and  was  successively  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  major  of  the  Fifth  Virginia  Cavalry;  was  chosen 
a  delegate  to  the  Democratic  National  Convention 
at  New  York  which  nominated  Seymour  and  Blair, 
but  was  unable  to  attend ;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Conservative,  receiving  10,783  votes  against 
10,488  votes  for  J.  B.  Scner,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,218 
votes  against  10,940  votes  for^Bristow,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Douglas,  Stephen  Arnold,  was  born  at 
Brandon,  Vermont,  April  23,  1813;  received  an 
academical  education ;  worked  at  the  cabinet-maker's 
trade;  removed  to  Canandaigua,  New  York,  where 
he  commenced  the  study  of  law  under  Mr.  Hubble, 
and  continued  under  S.  I.  Andrews  at  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  after  removing  there  in  1833;  his  health  fail 
ing,  he  went  to  Illinois,  where  he  taught*  school,  and, 
having  been  admitted  to  the  bar,  commenced  practice 
at  Jacksonville  in  March,  1834;  was  elected  by  the 
legislature  State's  attorney  for  the  Morgan  Circuit.in 
1835;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  of  Illinois  in  1836-1837;  was  ap 
pointed  register  of  the  land-office  at  Springfield, 
Illinois,  in  1837;  was  defeated  in  1838  as  a  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  election  to  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  of  the  United  States,  receiving  18,337 
votes  against  18,405  votes  for  John  T.  Stewart, 
Whig;  was  appointed  secretary  of  state  of  Illinois 


374 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


during  the  session  of  the  legislature  of  1840-1841, 
and,  before  the  adjournment,  was  elected  one  of  the 
judges  of  the  State  Supreme  Court;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,031  votes  against 
8,lli)  votes  for  Browning,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,028  votes  against  0,804  votes  for  Vandevener,  Whig, 
and  393  votes  for  Wilson,  Abolitionist;  was  again 
re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
but,  before  taking  his  seat,  was  elected  to  the  Senate 
of  the  United  States,  taking  his  seat  March  4,  1847 ; 
•was  re-elected  in  1853  as  a  Popular-Sovereignty 
Democrat;  and  again  in  1859,  defeating  Abraham 
Lincoln,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  until  he 
died  at  Chicago,  June  3,  1801;  he  received  twelve 
electoral  votes  for  President  in  18GO. 

Dowdell,  James  P.,  was  born  in  Jasper  County, 
Georgia,  November  20,  1818;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Randolph  Macon  College  in 
1840;  studied  law  with  II.  A.  Haralson  at  La  Grange, 
Georgia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1841,  and 
practised  at  Greenville,  Georgia;  removed  in  1840 
to  Chambers  County,  Alabama,  and  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  the  legislature  of  Alabama  in  1849,  and  again  in 
1851 ;  was  chosen  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce 
and  King  ticket  in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  7,338  votes  against 
4,223  votes  for  T.  G.  Garrett,  Union  Democrat ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  0,342  votes  against  5,808  votes  for  Watts,  Ameri 
can  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  0,505  votes  against  0,418  votes  for  T.  J. 
Judge,  American,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1859. 

Downing,  Charles,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  the  Territory  of  Florida  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  890  majority  over 
Blatzell,  serving  from  September  4, 1837,  to  March  3, 
1841 ;  died  October  24,  1841. 

Downs,  Solomon  W.,  was  born  in  Tennessee 
in  1801 ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Transylvania  University;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  in  1820;  was  United-States  district-attor 
ney  1845-1847;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Louisiana  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  G,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853;  and  died  at  Orchard 
Springs,  Kentucky,  August  14,  1854. 

Dowse,  Edward,  was  born  in  Norfolk  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  G,  1819,  to  1820,  when  lie  re 
signed. 

Dowse,  William,  resided  at  Otsego,  New  York, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  but  died  be 
fore  the  commencement  of  the  first  session,  February 
13  1813. 

Dox,  Peter  M.,  was  born  at  Geneva,  Ontario 
County,  New  York,  September  11,  1813;  was  edu 
cated  at  Geneva  Academy  and  at  Hobart  College, 
Geneva,  from  which  he  graduated  in  August,  1833; 
was  chosen  tutor  immediately  after  graduating; 
studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  New  York  from  Ontario  County  in 
1841-1842;  was  judge  of  the  Ontario-county  courts; 
removed  to  Madison  County,  Alabama,  in  1855,  and 
has  been  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  there;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1805 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  0,047  votes  against  4,933  votes  for  Ilaralson, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,(;SD  votes  against 
4,.r)L>:}  votes  for  L.  J.  Standifee,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  7,  1809,  to  March  3,  1873. 


Drake,  Charles  D.,  was  born  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  April  11,  1811;  studied  and  practised  law; 
went  to  St.  Louis  in  1834;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  of  Missouri  in  1859- 
1800;  was  a  member  in  1803  of  the  State  Convention 
of  Missouri  which  had  been  elected  in  February,  1801 ; 
was  presidential  elector  in  1804;  was  a  member  in 
1805  of  the  Missouri  Constitutional  Convention  which 
had  been  elected  in  November,  1804;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Missouri  as  a  Republican 
(to  succeed  B.  Gratz  Brown),  serving  from  March  4, 
1807,  to  December  19, 1870,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Claims. 
Published  a  "Treatise  on  the  Law  of  Suits  by  At 
tachment  in  the  United  States,"  and  a  "Life  of 
Daniel  Drake." 

Drake,  John  R.,  was  born  in. 1783;  received  a 
good  English  education;  was  one  of  the  pioneer 
settlers  in  Tioga  County,  New  York;  held  several 
local  ofiices ;  Avas  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819^  was  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Tioga  County  1833- 
1838;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1834;  died  at  Oswego  March  21,  1857. 

Draper,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  (in  place  of  Alexander  Smyth,  de 
ceased);  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  G,  1830,  to  March 
2,  1833. 

Drayton,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  St.  Augustine, 
Florida,  December  30,  1770;  received  a  thorough 
English  education  in  England ;  studied  law  while 
assisting  his  brother  Jacob  Drayton,  clerk  cf  the 
county  courts  of  Charleston;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  December  12,  1797;  entered  the  United-States 
army  as  lieutenant-colonel  March  12, 1812,  and  served 
through  the  war  of  1812,  attaining  the  rank  of  in 
spector-general  ;  was  associated  with  Generals  Scott 
and  Macomb  in  compiling  infantry  tactics  for  the 
use  of  the  army  and  the  militia;  was  recorder  of 
Charleston  1819-1824;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as 
a  Union  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
appointment  of  Joel  R.  Poinsett,  who  had  been 
elected  as  minister  to  Mexico),  and  was  successively 
re-elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twen 
ty-second  Congresses,  without  opposition,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  2,  1833;  opposed 
nullification  in  1830,  and  consequently  left  South 
Carolina,  removing  to  Philadelphia  in  August,  1833; 
was  president  of  the  Bank  of  the  United  States  1840- 
1841;  and  died  of  disease  of  the  heart  at  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  May  2-i,  1840. 

Drayton,  William  Henry,  was  born  at  Dray 
ton  Hall,  on  Ashley  River,  South  Carolina,  in  Sep 
tember,  1742;  received  a  classical  education  at  West 
minster  School,  London,  and  at  Baliol  College,  Uni 
versity  of  Oxford ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  returned  to  England,  and  was  appointed  by 
George  III.  privy  councillor  for  the  Province  of  South 
Carolina;  coming  home  to  discharge  the  duties  of  his 
office,  he  was  appointed  assistant  judge,  but  took 
such  an  active  part  in  the  pro-Revolutionary  contro 
versies,  that  he  was  deprived  of  both  positions;  was 
president  of  the  Council  of  Safety  in  1775,  and  chief 
justice  in  1770;  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1778,  and  served  until  he  died, 
September,  1779.  He  wrote  a  "History  of  the  Revo 
lution  "  in  three  volumes,  which  was  published  by 
his  son  in  1821. 

DriggS,  John  F.,  was  born  at  Kinderhook, 
New  York,  March  8,  1813;  received  a  good  common- 
school  education ;  was  a  master  mechanic  and  build 
er;  is  a  dealer  in  lands;  was  superintendent  of  the 
New-York  Penitentiary  in  184-i;  removed  to  Michi 
gan  in  1850;  was  president  of  Saginaw  Village  in 
1858;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Michi 
gan  in  1G59  and  18GO;  was  elected  a  representative 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


875 


from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  7.879  votes  against  7,340  votes 
for  Moore,  Union;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  12,490  votes  against  10,604  votes 
for  Willard,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,603 
votes  against  10,564  votes  for  Rose,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869 ;  died  at 
East  Saginaw.  Michigan,  December  17,  1877. 

Dromgoole,  George  C.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  classical  education;  studied  law,  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Represen 
tatives  ;  fought  a  duel  with  Mr.  Dugger  of  Virginia, 
in  North  Carolina,  and  killed  him ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 1835,  to  March  3, 
1841 ;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  without  opposition;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  1,641 
votes  against  1,620  votes  for  Boiling,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847 ;  died  April 
27,  1847. 

Drum,  Augustus,  was  born  at  Indiana,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,968 
votes  against  5,959  votes  for  Kuhns,  Whig,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Duane,  James,  was  born  at  New  York  Febru 
ary  6,  1733 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  prominent  in 
the  ante-Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Continental  Congress  from  New  York  1774-1784; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  1776- 
1777;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  17S3-1784; 
was  the  first  mayor  of  New- York  City  1784;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Convention  to  consider  the 
Federal  Constitution  1788 ;  was  United-States  district- 
judge  for  the  District  of  New  York  1789-1794;  and 
died  at  Duanesburg,  New  York,  which  he  had  found 
ed,  February  1,  1797. 

Du  Bose,  Dudley  Mclver,  was  born  in  Shel 
by  County,  Tennessee,  October  28,  1834 ;  was  a  stu 
dent  at  the  University  of  Mississippi ;  studied  law, 
and  practised  it  as  a  profession;  was  a  brigadier- 
general  in  the  Confederate  army;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a  majority  of  over 
6,000  votes  over  J.  S.  Fannin,  Republican,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Dudley,  Charles  Edward,  was  born  at  John 
son  Hall,  Statt'ordsbire,  England,  May  23,  1780; 
came  with  his  mother  in  1794  to  Newport,  Rhode 
Island  (where  his  father  had  been  the  king's  collector 
of  customs),  and  entered  a  counting-room  as  clerk; 
went  to  the  East  Indies  as  supercargo ;  removed  to 
New- York  City,  and  thence  to  Albany,  where  lie 
became  a  leading  merchant;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1820-1825;  was  mayor  of  Albany  1821- 
1828;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  New 
York  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Martin  Van  Buren),  and  served 
from  January  29, 1829,  to  March  2,  1833;  and  died  at 
Albany,  New  York,  January  23,  1841.  He  had  dis 
played  a  fondness  for  astronomical  science;  and  his 
widow  erected  and  endowed  the  Dudley  Observatory 
at  Albany,  at  an  expense  of  over  $100,000,  as  a  trib 
ute  to  his  memory. 

Dudley,  Edward  B.,  was  born  at  Wilmington, 
North  Carolina,  in  1771 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1816 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  defeating  Gabriel 
Holmes,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  3, 1831 ;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  1837- 
1841 ;  was  president  of  the  Wilmington  and  Raleigh 


Railroad  Company;  and  died  at  Wilmington,  North 
Carolina,  October  30,  1853. 

Duell,  R.  Holland,  was  born  at  Warren,  New 
York,  December  20,  1824 ;  received  a  common-school 
and  academic  education;  studied  and  practised  law; 
was  district-attorney  of  Cortland  County  from  1850 
to  1855;  was  county  judge  of  the  same  county  from 
1855  to  1859 ;  was  assessor  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
Twenty-third  District  of  New  York  from  1869  to 
1871;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  10,951  votes 
against  8,147  votes  for  Sands,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
13,960  votes  against  4,923  votes  for  Hitchcock,  Demo 
crat,  and  3,559  votes  for  Nelson  Breckinridge,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,788  votes  against  8,734 
votes  for  Denis  McCarthy,  Independent  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  15,457  votes  against  13,288  votes  for  F.  His- 
cock,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1875;  was  commissioner  of  patents  1875- 
1877. 

Duer,  William  (father  of  William  Duer),  was 
born  in  England  March  18,  1747 ;  received  a  classical 
education;  served  in  the  Anglo-Indian  army  as  aide- 
de-camp  to  Lord  Clive;  came  to  the  Province  of 
New  York  in  1768,  and  colonized  a  large  tract  of 
land  in  Washington  County,  where  he  was  judge, 
colonel  of  militia,  member  of  the  Committee  .of 
Safety,  and  leader  in  the  ante-Revolutionary  move 
ments;  was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1777-1778;  removed  to  New-York: 
City  in  1783  ;  .aided  Hamilton  in  organizing  the 
Treasury  Department  1789-1790;  and  died  at  New- 
York  City  May  7,  1799. 

Duer,  William  (son  of  William  Duer),  was 
born  at  New- York  City  May  25,  1805;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Columbia  College 
in  1824;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Oswego;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1832;  removed  to  New  York  in  1832,  and  thence  to 
New  Orleans  in  1S33;  returned  to  Oswego  in  1835; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1840,  1841  ;  was  district-attorney  for  Oswego 
County  1845-1847 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
8,107  votes  against  0,884  votes  for  Nye,  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1851. 

Duke,  Richard  T.  W.,  was  born  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia,  June  6,  1822;  attended  school 
until  he  was  eighteen  years  of  age,  and  then  taught 
one  year;  entered  the  Virginia  Military  Institute  as 
a  cadet  in  1842,  and  graduated  second  in  the  class  of 
1845;  taught  school,  reading  law  at  the  same  time; 
attended  the  law  lectures  in  the  University  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  graduated  in  its  law  school  in  1850;  prac 
tised  law;  was  elected  Commonwealth's  attorney  for 
the  county  of  Albemarle  in  1858,  and  continued  in 
that  office  until  all  the  State  officers  of  Virginia  were 
removed  in  1869;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Conserva 
tive  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of 
Robert  Ridgeway),  defeating  Rives,  Republican;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Conservative,  receiving  12,596  votes  against  11,480 
votes  for  A.  Rives,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1870,  to  Marcl'i  3,  1873. 

Dumont,  Ebenezer,  was  born  at  Vevay,  Indi 
ana  Territory,  November  23,  1814;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  attending  the  Indiana  University,  but 
not  graduating;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Vevay ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1838; 
was  treasurer  of  Vevay  County  1839-1845 ;  served  in 
the  war  with  Mexico  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  volun 
teers  ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  ticket 


376 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


in  1852 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1850  and  1853;  served  in  the  Union 
army  as  colonel  of  the  Seventh  Indiana  Volunteers; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving 
12,525  votes  against  11,054  votes  for  A.  Connctt, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  18,886  votes  against  10,898  votes 
for  Love,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863, 
to  March  3,  1807. 

Dunbar,  W'illiam,  resided  at  New  Orleans; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,555 
votes  against  2,691  votes  for  Gayarre,  Independent 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855. 

Duncan,  Alexander,  was  a  physician,  and  re 
sided  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  by  Nathaniel  G.  Pendleton,  Democrat; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  6,058  votes  against  5,044  votes  for  Haines, 
Independent,  and  474  votes  for  Lewis,  Abolitionist, 
and  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 1845 ; 
and  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  March  2,  1852. 

Duncan,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Shippensburg, 
Pennsylvania,  July  22,  1806;  received  a  public-school 
education;  devoted  himself  to  mercantile  pursuits 
at  Lancaster,  Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  in  1843;  was  defeated  as  a  Whig  candidate  for 
the  State  Senate  in  1844;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  8,438  votes  against  8,454  votes  for 
Charles  Sweetser,  Democrat;  and  died  at  Washington 
City,  June  18,  1849. 

Duncan,  Garnett,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  Avas  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Louisville;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,7C3  votes 
against  6,487  votes  for  Mcrri wether,  Democrat;  de 
clined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election;  removed  to 
New  Orleans,  where  he  practised  until  he  retired 
from  his  profession  in  1854. 

Duncan,  James  Henry,  was  born  at  Haverhill, 
Massachusetts,  Decembers,  1793;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1812; 
studied  law  with  Leverett  Saltonstall  at  Salem ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  practised  at  Haver- 
hill,  Massachusetts;  was  an  active  militia  officer, 
attaining  the  rank  of  colonel ;  was  a  trustee  of  the 
Essex  Agricultural  Society,  and  for  three  years  its 
president;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1827,  1837,  1838,  and  1857 ;  was  State 
senator  1828-1831;  was  appointed  commissioner  in 
bankruptcy  in  1841;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Convention  at  Harrisburg  in  1839  which  nominated 
Harrison  and  Tyler;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  920  majority;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  1,064  majority, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  prominently  connected  with  several  religious 
and  educational  institutions;  and  died  at  Haverhill, 
Massachusetts,  February  8,  1869. 

Duncan,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Kentucky  in 
1790;  received  a  thorough  English  education;  studied 
law;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  lieutenant  of 
United-States  infantry,  and  distinguished  himself  at 
the  defence  of  Fort  Stephenson;  removed  to  Illinois, 
and  settled  at  Kaskaskia;  held  several  local-oflices; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving  14,609 
of  the  25,727  votes  cast;  was  re-elected  to  the 


Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to  his  resignation  in 
November,  1834;  he  had  removed  to  Jacksonville, 
Illinois,  in  1829;  was  governor  of  Illinois  1834-1838; 
and  died  at  Jacksonville,  Illinois,  of  congestive  fever, 
January  15,  1844. 

Dunham,  Cyrus  L.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
acquired  his  education  by  his  own  industry;  removed 
to  Salem,  Indiana;  studied  law;  taught  school,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1846,  1847;  became  interested  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,823  votes  against  7,338  votes  for  W.  M. 
Dunn,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  8,088  votes  against  7,125  votes 
for  Martin,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  8,911  votes  against  7,980 
votes  for  Marshall,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,329  votes  against  9,989  votes  for  George  G. 
Dunn,  Republican;  was  again  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  and  died  at 
Valley  Farm,  Indiana,  October  15,  1856. 

Dunlap,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Fayette 
County,  Kentucky,  February  22,  1813;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Transylvania  Uni 
versity;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lancaster,  Kentucky;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving  8,101  votes 
against  152  votes  for  Smith,  Secessionist,  and  serving 
from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  McClellan  and  Pendleton  ticket  in 
1864. 

Dunlap,  Robert  P.,  was  born  in  Maine  in  1789; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1815 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Brunswick,  Maine ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1821-1823,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1823-1832,  serving 
four  years  as  its  president;  was  an  executive  coun 
cillor  in  1833;  was  governor  of  Maine  1834-1838;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  a  prominent  Freema 
son,  and  general  grand  high  priest  of  the  General 
Grand  Chapter  of  Royal  Arch  Masons  1847-1853; 
was  collector  of  customs  at  Portland,  Maine,  1848, 
1849;  was  postmaster  at  Brunswick,  Maine,  1853- 
1857;  was  chosen  president  of  the  Board  of  Over 
seers  of  Bowdoin  College;  and  died  at  Brunswick, 
Maine,  October  20.  1859. 

Dunlap,  "William  C.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  removed  to  Texas  in  1838; 
was  minister  from  Texas  to  Mexico  in  1839. 

Dunn,  George  G.,  was  born  in  1813;  received 
an  academic  education ;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bedford,  In 
diana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,365 
votes  against  7,343  votes  for  Dobson,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  9,989  votes  against  8,329  votes 
for  C.  L.  Dunham,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  3, 1855,  to  March  3, 1857 ;  died  at  Bedford, 
Indiana,  September  4,  1857. 

Dunn,  George  H.,  resided  at  Lawrenceburg, 
Indiana;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
Congress  in  1835  by  Amos  Lane,  Democrat;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,091  votes  against 
5,057  votes  for  Amos  Lane,  Democrat,  and  serving 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


377 


from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  by  Thomas  Smith,  Democrat. 

Dunn,  William  McKee,  was  born  in  Indiana 
Territory  December  12,  1814;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  Indiana  State  College 
in  1832,  and  at  Yale  College  in  1835;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1848 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1850;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,363  votes  against  8,385  votes  for  Hughes, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  defeating  W.  M.  Dally,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,144  votes  against  11,524  votes  for 
H.  W.  Harrington,  Democrat;  was  appointed  assist 
ant  judge-advocate  general  of  the  United-States 
army ;  and  was  promoted  in  December,  1875,  to  be 
judgc-advocatc-general. 

Dunnell,  Mark  H.,  was  born  inBuxton,  Maine, 
July  2,  1823;  graduated  at  Waterville  College  (now 
Colby  University),  Maine,  in  1849;  for  five  years  was 
the  principal  of  Norway  and  Hebron  Academies ;  in 
1854  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  in  1855  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ; 
during  the  years  1855,  1857,  1858,  and  1859,  was  State 
superintendent  of  common  schools;  in  1856  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at 
Philadelphia;  in  1860  commenced  the  practice  of  the 
law  at  Portland ;  in  1861  entered  the  Union  army  as 
colonel  of  the  Fifth  Maine  Infantry;  in  1862  was 
United-States  consul  at  Vera  Crux,  Mexico ;  in  1864 
was  tendered  the  secretaryship  of  Montana  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln;  in  January,  1865,  became  a  citizen  of 
Minnesota;  was  a  member  of  the  Minnesota  House 
of  Representatives  in  1867;  was  State  superintendent 
of  public  instruction  from  April,  1867,  to  August, 
1870;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Minne 
sota  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  19,606  votes  against  14,904  votes  for  C.  F. 
Buck,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  20,671  votes  against  10,841  votes 
for  Morton  S.  Wilkinson,  Liberal;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  16,716  votes 
against  13,721  votes  forFrankan  H.  Waite,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  26,010  votes  against  16,065  votes  for  Stacey, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871. 

Durand,  George  H.,  was  born  at  Cobleskill, 
New  York,  February  21,  1838;  removed  to  Flint. 
Michigan,  in  1858,  and  has  since  resided  there ;,  is  a 
lawyer  by  profession ;  was  elected  mayor  of  the  city 
of  Flint  in  1873,  and  re-elected  in  1874;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  17,758 
votes  against  16,122  votes  for  Josiah  W.  Begole, 
Republican,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1877. 

Durfee,  Job,  was  born  at  Tiverton,  Rhode 
Island,  in  1790 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1813;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Tiverton ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1813-1819  and  1827-1829;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving 
3,563  votes  against  2,033  votes  for  Nathaniel  Hazard, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  without  opposition,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1825;  resumed  practice;  was 
appointed  chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island;  and  died 
in  1847.  Published  "  What  Cheer,  or  Roger  Williams 
in  Exile;"  "Pandea,"  a  philosophical  treatise;  and 
several  minor  articles,  which  were  published,  with  a 
memoir  by  his  son,  in  1849. 

Durfee,  Nathaniel  B.,  was  born  at  Tiver 
ton,  Rhode  Island,  September  29,  1812;  received  an 


academic  education  at  Newport;  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  Rhode- 
Island  General  Assembly  for  eleven  years;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
6,283  votes  against  1,987  votes  for  Davis,  Democrat, 
and  584  votes  scattering ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,442  votes  against 
1,901  votes  for  Burnside,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 1859;  suffered  a  shock 
of  paralysis,  caused  by  being  thrown  from  a  carriage, 
and,  after  lingering  some  years,  died  at  Tiverton, 
Rhode  Island,  November  12,  1872. 

Durham,  Milton  J.,  was  born  in  Mercer  County 
(Boyle  County),  Kentucky,  May  16,  1824;  received 
his  primary  education  at  the  common  schools  in  the 
neighborhood  of  his  birthplace,  and  graduated  at 
Asbury  University,  Indiana,  in  1844;  studied  law 
with  Hon.  J.  F.  Bell,  and  graduated  at  the  Louisville 
Law  School  in  1850;  was  one  of  the  circuit-judges 
of  Kentucky  in  1861  and  1862,  and,  with  the  excep 
tion  of  that  time,  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law  at  Danville  since  1850;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,736  votes  against 
10,063  votes  for  W.  O.  Bradley,  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
8,195  votes  against  382  votes  for  McMurtry,  Repub 
lican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  15,484  votes  against  12,654  votes  for  Bradley, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Durkee,  Charles,  was  born  at  Royalton,  Ver 
mont,  December  10,  1805;  was  educated  at  public 
schools  and  at  Burlington  Academy;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  May, 
1838,  and  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Southport 
(afterwards  Kenosha) ;  was  a  member  of  the  Terri 
torial  legislature  in  1837  and  1838;  was  elected  one 
of  the  first  representatives  from  the  recently  ad 
mitted  State  of  Wisconsin,  and  the  first  distinctive 
antislavery  man  from  the  North-West  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free-Soiler,  receiving  7,512 
votes  against  5,674  votes  for  Lynde,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Frce- 
Soiler,  receiving  5,038  votes  against  4,436  votes  for 
Lynde,  Democrat,  and  3,615  votes  for  Fitch,  Whig, 
and  serving  from  December  6,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1853;  was  a  delegate  to  the  World's  Peace  Conven 
tion  at  Paris;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Wisconsin  as  a  Republican  (in  the  place  of 
Isaac  P.  Walker,  Democrat),  and  served  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  appointed 
governor  of  Utah,  arid  served  from  1865  until  fail 
ing  health  compelled  him  to  leave;  and  died  of 
pneumonia  on  his  way  home,  at  Omaha,  Nebraska, 
January  14,  1870. 

Duval,  Gabriel,  was  born  in  Prince  George 
County,  Maryland,  December  6,  1752;  received  a 
classical  education;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  was  clerk  to  the  legislature  of  Maryland ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Third  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Francis  Mercer, 
resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  November  11,  1794, 
to  March  28,  1796,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
elected  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Maryland; 
was  appointed  comptroller  of  the  currency  in 
December,  1802,  and  held  the  office  until  November 
18,  1811,  when  he  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States;  lie  sat  on  the 
bench  by  the  side  of  Chief  Justice  Marshall  until 
1836,  when  deafness  forced  him  to  resign;  he  died  in 
Prince  George  County,  Maryland,  March  6,  1844. 

Duval,  Isaac  H.,  was  born  at  Wellsburg,  Brooke 
County,  Virginia,  September  1,  1824 ;  received  a 
public-school  education;  entered  the  United-States 
volunteer  service  June  1,  1861,  as  major  of  the 
First  West-Virginia  Infantry;  was  promoted  to  the 
colonelcy  of  the  Ninth  West-Virginia  Infantry 
September  0,  1862 ;  was  promoted  as  brigadier- 


378 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


general  October  20,  1864,  and  subsequently  as 
major-general  by  brevet;  was  elected  to  tbe  State 
Senate  of  West  Virginia,  and  served  two  years;  was 
two  years  adjutant-general  of  West  Virginia ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  West  Virginia  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,569 
votes  against  10,720  votes  for  Walker,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Duval,  William  P.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1784;  received  an  English  education;  removed  in  his 
boyhood  to  Kentucky,  where  he  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  commanded  a  company  of 
mounted  volunteers  during  the  Indian  hostilities 
of  1812 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  resumed 
practice  at  Bardstown,  Kentucky;  was  appointed 
United-States  judge  for  the  District  of  Florida;  was 
appointed  governor  of  Florida  by  President  Monroe, 
and  was  re-appointed  by  President  Adams  and  by 
President  Jackson,  serving  from  1822  to  1834;  re 
moved  in  1848  to  Texas ;  was  attacked  by  paralysis 
while  on  a  professional  visit  to  Washington  City, 
and  died  there  March  19,  1854.  He  was  the  original 
"  Nimrod  Wildfire "  of  James  K.  Paulding,  and 
"  Ralph  Ringwood  "  of  Washington  Irving. 

Dwight,  Henry  "W.,  was  born  in  Berkshire 
County,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1818;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twen 
tieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  at  New- 
York  City  February  21,  1845. 

Dwight,  Theodore,  was  born  at  Northampton, 
Massachusetts,  December  6,  1704;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Hartford;  was 
several  years  a  State  senator;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Ninth  Congress 
as  a  Federalist  (in  place  of  John  Cotton  Smith, 
resigned),  serving  from  December  1,  1800,  to  March 
3,  1807;  edited  "The  Hartford  Mirror,"  which  was 
the  leading  Federal  journal  in  Connecticut;  was 
secretary  of  the  Hartford  Convention;  removed  to 
Albany  in  1815,  and  published  "  The  Albany  Daily 
Advertiser;"  removed  to  New  York  in  1817,  and 
established  "The  New- York  Daily  Advertiser,"  with 
which  he  was  connected  until  the  great  fire  of  1835, 
when  he  sold  his  interest,  and  removed  with  his 
family  to  Hartford;  died  at  New  York  June  11,  1840. 
Published  the  "Journals  of  the  Hartford  Conven 
tion"  in  1833,  the  "  Character  of  Jefferson  "  in  1837, 
and  a  "Dictionary  of  Roots  and  Derivations." 

Dwight,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Massachusetts ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1778;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  in  1794,  1795;  was  a  State  senator  1790-1803  and 
1813;  was  a  member  of  the  governor's  council  in 
1808  and  1809;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  17.  1803,  to_  March  3,  1805;  died  in  1819. 

Dwinell,  Justin,  was  born  at  Cazenovia,  New 
York;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1805;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1821,  1822;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1823,  to  March  3, 
1825. 

Dyer,  David  P.,  was  born  in  Henry  County, 
Virginia,  February  12,  1838;  removed  to  Lincoln 
County,  Missouri,  in  June,  1841;  was  educated  at 
the  common  schools,  and  at  Saint  Charles  College  in 
the  latter  State;  studied  law  at  Bowling  Green,  Pike 
County,  Missouri,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
March,  1859;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  for 
the  Third  Judicial  Circuit  in  November,  1800;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  from  Pike  County 
from  1802  to  1805;  recruited  and  commanded  the 
Forty-ninth  Regiment  Missouri  Volunteer  Infantry 


during  the  recent  war,  serving  in  the  Sixteenth  Army 
Corps ;  was  chosen  secretary  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1800;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  in  1808;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  5,407  votes  against  4,407  votes 
for  Switzler,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1871. 

Dyer,  Eliphalet,  was  born  at  Windham,  Con 
necticut,  September  28,  1721;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1740; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice;  wras  a 
representative  to  the  General  Court  1743-1762 ;  was 
appointed  in  1755  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Connec 
ticut  volunteers,  raised  for  the  conquest  of  Canada; 
visited  England  in  1703  as  agent  of  the  Susquehanna 
Land  Company;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Stamp-Act 
Congress  in  1765;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  in  1706;  was  a  delegate  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1779  and 
1780-1783;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Connecticut  1789-1793;  and  died  at  Windham, 
Connecticut,  May  13,  1807. 

Eager,  S.  W.,  was  born  in  Orange  County,  New 
York;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1809;  resided  at  Montgomery; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (in  place  of  Hector  Craig,  re 
signed),  serving  from  December  6,  1830,  to  March  3, 
1881. 

Eames,  Benjamin  T.,  was  born  at  Dedham, 
Massachusetts,  June  4,  1818;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1843;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845,  and  practised  at  Providence;  was  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  General  Assem 
bly  of  Rhode  Island  in  1859,  1868,  and  1809,  serving 
the  last  year  as  speaker ;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1854,  1855,  1856,  1859,  and  1863;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
4,902  votes  against  1,905  votes  for  T.  A.  Jenckes,  Re 
publican,  1,040  votes  for  T.  Davis,  Republican,  1,380 
votes  for  Nicolas  Van  Slyck,  Democrat,  and  370  for 
others;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,977  votes  against  3,138 
votes  for  T.  Davis,  Liberal;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  2,342  votes  against 
824  votes  for  W.  B.  Beach,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,516 
votes  against  5,003  votes  for  E.  W.  Brunson,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4, 1871. 

Earle,  Elias,  was  born  in  Frederick  County, 
Virginia ;  received  an  academic  education  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twelfth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to 
March  2,  1815;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  and  was  're-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3, 
1821. 

Earle,  John  B.,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  an  academic  education;  held  several  local 
offices;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Earle,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina;  was  actively  engaged  in  the  ante-Revolu 
tionary  movements;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1797. 

Earll,  Jonas,  jun.,  was  born  in  1786;  received 
a  public-school  education  ;  resided  in  Onondaga 
County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1820,  1821;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to 
March  3,  1831;  was  elected  a  canal  commissioner, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


379 


serving  from  February  8,  1842,  until  his  death,  at 
Syracuse,  October  11,  1840. 

Earll,  Nehemiah  H.,  was  born  in  Onondaga 
Oouuty,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,189  votes  against  9,050  votes  for  A.  Lawrence  Fos 
ter,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
March  3,  1841 ;  resided  at  Syracuse. 

Early,  Peter,  was  born  in  Madison  County, 
Virginia,  June  20,  1773;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1792;  stud 
ied  law  at  Philadelphia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Madison  County,  Georgia,  in 
1793;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Mi  Hedge,  re 
signed);  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth 
Congresses,  serving  from  January  10,  1803,  to  March 
3,  1807;  was  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court 
1807-1813;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  and 
died  at  Green  County,  Georgia,  August  15,  1817. 

Easterbrook,  Experience,  was  born  at  Leb 
anon,  New  Hampshire,  April  30,  1813;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law  at  Buffalo,  and  at 
the  Law  School  of  Marshall  College ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Geneva,  Wis 
consin,  in  1840;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Second  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  Wisconsin;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1851;  was  attorney-general  of  Wisconsin  in  1852; 
removed  to  Nebraska  (of  which  Territory  he  was 
district-attorney)  1854-1859;  claimed  to  have  been 
elected  a  delegate  from  Nebraska  Territory  as  a 
Democrat  (but  the  House  decided  that  he  had  only 
received  2,671  legal  votes,  and  gave  the  seat  to  Sam 
uel  G.  Daily,  Republican,  as  having  received  2,790 
legal  votes),  so  that  Easterbrook  served  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1859,  to  April  20,  1800;  practised  at  Omaha 
City. 

Eastman,  Benjamin  C.,  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  Platteville,  Wisconsin; 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,202  votes  against  5,852 
votes  for  Cole,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  10,893  votes  against 
7,816  votes  for  Abbott,  Whig,  and  1,497  votes  for 
Enos,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1855;  and  died  at  Platteville,  Wisconsin, 
February  5,  1856. 

Eastman,  Ira  A.,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1829;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Gilmanton; 
was  several  years  a  State  senator  and  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  serving  as  speaker 
of  the  House  1837-1839 ;  was  register  of  probate ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  was  a  judge  of 
the  Circuit  and  State  Supreme  Court  1844-1859. 

Eastman,  Nehemiah,  was  born  in  Strafford 
County,  New  Hampshire,  in  1800;  received  an  aca 
demic  education ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Farmington,  New 
Hampshire ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1820- 
1825 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  died  at  Farming- 
ton,  New  Hampshire,  January  11,  1856. 

Easton,  Rufus,  was  a  lawyer  by  profession, 
and  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  United- 
States  judge  for  the  newly-acquired  Territory  of 
Louisiana;  located  at  St.  Louis;  was  elected  a  dele 
gate  from  the  Territory  of  Missouri  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  (defeating  John  Scott,  who  ob 
tained  the  certificate,  but  was  rejected  by  the  House), 
serving  from  November  16,  1814,  to  March  3,  1817. 


Eaton,  John  Henry,  was  born  in  Tennessee 
1790;  received  a  thorough  English  education;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Nashville ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Tennessee  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  George  W. 
Campbell,  resigned),  and  was  unanimously  re-elected, 
serving  from  November  16,  1818,  to  March,  1829, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed  secretary  of  war 
by  his  personal  friend,  President  Jackson,  serving 
from  March  9,  1829,  to  June  18,  1831,  when  he  mar 
ried  Mrs.  Timberlake,  and,  the  wives  of  the  other 
members  of  the  Cabinet  refusing  to  call  upon  her, 
resigned ;  was  appointed  governor  of  the  Territory  of 
Florida,  serving  1834-1836;  was  appointed  minister 
to  Spain,  serving  from  March  16,  1836,  to  May  1, 
1840;  resided  in  Washington  City,  and  died  there 
November  17,  1856.  Published  a  "Life  of  Andrew 
Jackson." 

Eaton,  Lewis,  resided  at  Duanesburg,  Schenec- 
tady  County,  New  York ;  and  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  that  State  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Eaton,  William  W.,  was  born  at  Tolland, 
Connecticut,  October  11,  1816;  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  and  by  private  tutors;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  was  actively  engaged  in. 
practice  until  elected  to  the  Senate;  was  clerk  of  the 
Superior  and  Supreme  Courts  of  Tolland  and  Hart 
ford  Counties;  was  for  several  years  one  of  the 
judges  of  the  Hartford  City  Court,  and  for  four 
years  recorder  of  Hartford;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  of  Connecticut  in  the 
sessions  of  1847,  1848,  1853,  1863,  1868,  1870,  1871, 
1873,  and  1874,  and  speaker  of  the  House  in  1853  and 
1873;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Connec 
ticut  in  the  session  of  1850;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Connecticut  as  a  Democrat  (to 
succeed  William  A.  Buckingham,  Republican)  for 
the  term  to  commence  March  4,  1875 ;  and  upon  the 
death  of  Senator  Buckingham  in  February,  1875, 
was  appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy,  serving  from  Feb 
ruary  13, 1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire  March 
3,  18«1. 

Eckhert,  George  N.,  resided  at  Pottsville, 
Pennsylvania;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Eckley,  Ephraim  R.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Ohio,  December  9,  1812;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised  at  Carrollton;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1843,  1844,  1845,  1846, 
1849,  and  1850 ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  of  Ohio  in  1853;  served  in  the  Union 
army  as  colonel  of  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Eightieth 
Regiments  of  Ohio  Volunteers,  and  as  a  brigadier- 
general  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  10,018  votes  against  9,085  votes  for  Belden, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,758  votes  against  8,746  votes  for 
J.  H.  Wallace,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,917 
votes  against  9,275  votes  for  Schaefer,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Eddy,  Norman,  was  born  in  New  York,  but 
removed  when  young  to  Indiana,  locating  at  South 
Bend ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,038  votes  against  6,930  votes  for  Biddle,  Whig,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,223  votes  against 
9,989  votes  for  Schuyler  Colfax,  Republican;  served 
in  the  Union  army  during  the  civil  war  as  colonel  of 
the  Forty-eighth  Indiana  Volunteers;  was  elected 
secretary  of  state  of  Indiana  in  1870;  and  died  at 
Indianapolis,  Indiana,  January  28,  1872. 

Eddy,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Johnson,  Rhode 
Island,  March  31,  1709;  received  a  classical  educa- 


380 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tion,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1787;  stud 
ied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  did  not 
practise  long;  was  clerk  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Kliode  Island  1790-1793;  was  secretary  of  state  of 
Rhode  Island  1798-1819;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat  without  opposition;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Seventeenth  Congress,  receiving  2,892  votes 
against  2,773  votes  for  Samuel  C.  Bridgham,  Feder 
alist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
without  opposition,  serving  from  December  6,  1819, 
to  March  3,  1825;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Rhode  Island  1827-1835;  and  died  suddenly 
at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  February  2,  1839.  He 
published  a  work  on  "  Antiquities,"  and  contributed 
several  papers  to  the  collections  of  the  Massachusetts 
Historical  Society. 

Eden,  John  R.,was  born  in  Bath  County,  Ken 
tucky,  February  1,  182(5,  but  went  with  his  parents, 
at  an  early  age,  to  Indiana ;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Sullivan,  Illinois;  was  State 
attorney  for  the  Seventeenth  Judicial  District  1856- 
1860;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,371  votes  against  10,004  votes  for  McCarthy,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March 
3,  1865;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,653  votes  against  12,298  votes  for 
G.  Hunt,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,084  votes  against  10,789 
votes  for  Jacob  W.  Wilkin,  Republican;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,714 
votes  against  13,768  votes  for  George  D.  Chaffee,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Edgerton,  Alfred  P.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York,  and  removed  early  in  life  to  Hicksville, 
Ohio,  where  he  acquired  an  academic  education  by 
his  own  exertions ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,684  votes  against  5,281  votes  for  Riley, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,072  votes  against  4,561  votes  for 
Parker,  Whig,  and  102  votes  for  Wells,  Free-Soiler, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Edgerton,  Joseph  Ketchum,  was  born  at 
Vergennes,  Vermont,  February  16,  1818;  received  a 
public-school  education  in  Clinton  County,  New 
York;  studied  law  at  Plattsburg;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  the  city  of  New  York  in  1839,  and  commenced 
practice  there;  removed  in  1854  to  Fort  Wayne,  In 
diana;  was  president  of  the  Fort  Wayne  and  Chicago 
Railroad;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  12,353  votes  against  11,917  votes  for  Mitchell, 
Unionist,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1865;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  14,037 
votes  against  14,617  votes  for  J.  D.  Defrees,  Repub 
lican. 

Edgerton,  Sidney,  was  born  at  Cazcnovia, 
New  York,  in  1818;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  removed  to  Ohio  in  1864;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Talmadge,  Ohio;  was  for  four  years  prosccuting- 
attorncy  for  Summit  County;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  8,184  votes  against  7,162 
votes  for  J.  L.  Ranney,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  9,720  votes 
against  6,956  votes  for  Starkweather,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863;  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  United-States  judge 
for  the  Territory  of  Idaho  in  1864,  and  governor  of 
Montana  in  1865,  serving  until  1866. 

Edie,  John  R.,  was  born  at  Somerset,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,423  votes 
against  3,218  votes  for  Crcsswell,  Democrat;  and  was 


re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Unionist, 
receiving  8,792  votes  against  8,508  votes  for  Pershing, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1859. 

Edmands,  J.  "Wiley,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts,  March  1,  1809;  was  educated  at  the  city 
schools;  entered  the  counting-room  of  Abbott  & 
Amos  Lawrence,  and  in  time  became  a  member  of 
the  firm,  from  which  he  retired  in  1843;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  3,516  votes 
against  2,978  votes  for  Adams,  Democrat  and  Free- 
Soiler,  and  652  votes  scattering,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  declined  being 
a  candidate  for  re-election ;  was  chosen  treasurer  of 
the  Pacific  Mills  at  Lawrence  in  1855,  and  served 
until  his  death;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Grant  and  Coif  ax  ticket  in  1868 ;  was  the  founder  of 
a  free  public  library  at  Newton,  where  he  resided, 
and  was  a  patron  of  several  charitable  institutions; 
died  at  Newton,  of  heart-disease,  January  31,  1877. 

Edmond,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  South  Britain, 
Connecticut,  September  28,  1755;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1773; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army,  and  was  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Danbury;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1780,  and  practised;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  a  judge  of 
the  State  Supreme  Court;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Connecticut  in  the  Fifth  Congress  (in  place 
of  James  Davenport,  deceased)  as  a  Federalist,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from 
November  13,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  practised  until 
1805;  was  made  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court, 
and  held  the  position  until  the  number  of  judges 
was  reduced,  when  he  retired  to  private  life;  and 
died  at  Newton,  Connecticut,  August  1,  1838. 

Edmondson,  Henry  A.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Salem;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
2,804  votes  against  2,161  votes  for  Anderson,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  no  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  no  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,492  votes 
against  6,385  votes  for  Staples,  American;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  no 
opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  18(51. 

Edmunds,  George  F.,  was  born  at  Richmond, 
Vermont,  February  1, 1828;  received  a  public-school 
education  and  the  instruction  of  a  private  tutor; 
studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  Vermont  in  1854-1859,  serving 
three  years  as  speaker ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate,  and  its  presiding  officer  pro  tcmpore  in  1861 
and  1862;  was  appointed  United-States  senator  from 
Vermont  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Solomon  Foot),  and  took  his  seat 
April  5,  1866;  was  elected  by  the  legislature  for  the 
remainder  of  the  term,  ending  March  4,  1869;  re- 
elected  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1875,  and  re- 
elected  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1881. 

Edsall,  Joseph  E.,  was  born  in  Sussex  County, 
New  Jersey;  received  a  public-school  education; 
resided  at  Hamburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,779  votes  against  5,848  .votes 
for  Robinson,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  receiving  5,424  votes  against  2,046 
votes  for  Runk,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Edwards,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Stafford 
County,  Virginia,  in  1752;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  engaged  in  agricultural  and  mer can- 
tile  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature, 
mid  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention  which  rali- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


381 


fled  the  Federal  Constitution;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Third  Congress  (in 
plaee  of  Uriah  Forrest,  resigned),  serving  from  Jan 
uary  2,  1705,  to  March  3,  171)5  ;  removed  to  Todd 
County,  Kentucky,  and  died  there  November  13, 
1828. 

Edwards,  Francis  S.,  was  born  at  Norwich, 
Connecticut,  May  28,  1818;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Fredonia,  Chatauque  County;  held  sev 
eral  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  8,359  votes  against  (5,442  votes 
for  11.  E.  Fenton,  Soft  Democrat,  and  241  votes  for 
Lester,  Hard  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  February  28,  1857,  when  he  resigned ;  was 
defeated  as  the  American  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  3,251  votes  against  12,046 
votes  for  11.  E.  Fenton,*  Kepublican,  and  3,436  votes 
for  Allen,  Democrat. 

Edwards,  Henry  Waggaman,  was  born  at 
New  Haven,  Connecticut,  in  1779;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in 
1797;  studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
Haven,  Connecticut;  was  initiated  into  Freemasonry 
in  1809;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecti 
cut  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  appointed  sena 
tor  (in  place  of  Elijah  Boardman,  deceased),  and  sub 
sequently  elected,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  4,  1827;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1828,  1829,  and  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1830,  serving  as  speaker;  was  governor  of 
Connecticut  in  1833,  and  again  in  1835-1838;  and  died 
at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  July  22,  1847. 

Edwards,  John,  was  born  in  Jefferson  County, 
Kentucky,  October  24,  1815;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  studied  law,  and  practises  the 
profession ;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  the 
State  of  Indiana  continuously  from  1845  to  1849; 
removed  to  California,  and  was  elected  alcalde  there 
in  1849;  returned  to  Indiana  in  1852,  and  was  the 
same  year  elected  to  the  State  Senate ;  removed  to 
Iowa,  and  was  elected  in  1855  a  member  of  the  Con 
stitutional  Convention  of  that  State ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  of  Iowa  1856-1860,  serving 
the  last  two  years  as  speaker  of  the  House;  was 
appointed,  May  21,  1861,  lieutenant-colonel  and  aide- 
de-camp  on  the  staff  of  the  governor  of  Iowa,  and 
organized  and  commanded  State  troops  until  May, 
1862,  when  he  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Eigh 
teenth  Iowa  Infantry;  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  in  April,  1864;  settled  at  Fort 
Smith  at  the  close  of  the  war;  was  appointed,  August 
6,  1866,  United-States  assessor;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Arkansas  in  the.  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Liberal  Republican  against  T.  Boles, 
Fusion;  his  election  was  successfully  contested  by 
Thomas  Boles,  who  took  his  seat  February  9,  1872. 

Edwards,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and  re 
moved  early  in  life  to  Fayette  County,  Kentucky; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1781-1783  and  1785;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1785,  and  of  the  Con 
vention  to  ratify  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1792; 
and  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Ken 
tucky,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3, 
1795. 

Edwards,  John,  resided  atEphratah,  NcwYork; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Edwards,  John,  resided  at  Ivy  Mills,  Delaware 
County,  Pennsylvania;  held  several  local  offices; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843. 


Edwards,  John  C.,  was  born  at  Chester, 
Pennsylvania;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  governor  of  Missouri 
1844-18-18. 

Edwards,  Ninian,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Maryland,  March,  1775;  received  a  classical 
education  under  the  direction  of  William  Wirt, 
graduating  at  Dickinson  College;  studied  law;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky  before  he  became  of  age;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  the 
Green-River  District;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature;  was  successively  elected  judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court,  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  and 
chief  justice  of  the  State;  was  appointed  governor 
of  the  Territory  of  Illinois  1809-1818;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Illinois  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1818,  to  March  4,  1824, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed  minister  to 
Mexico  March  4,  1824,  but  when  he  reached  New 
Orleans,  on  his  way  to  his  post,  he  was  overtaken 
by  instructions  not  to  proceed,  in  consequence  of 
charges  made  against  him  by  W.  H.  Crawford,  secre 
tary  of  the  treasury;  was  again  elected  governor  of 
Illinois,  serving  from  1826  to  1831 ;  and  died  of 
cholera  at  Belleville,  Illinois,  July  20,  1833. 

Edwards,  Pierreppnt,  was  born  at  Northamp 
ton,  Massachusetts,  April  8,  1750;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1768; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  in  1771 ;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  army;  was  the  first  grand 
master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Connecticut;  was 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives ;  was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  was  appointed 
United-States  district-judge  for  the  District  of  Con 
necticut,  and  held  the  ofiice  at  the  time  of  his  death 
at  Bridgeport,  Connecticut,  April  14,  1826. 

Edwards,  Samuel,  was  born  near  Chester, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  piiblic-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving 
6,090  votes,  on  a  general  ticket;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3, 
1827. 

Edwards,  Thomas  M.,  was  born  in  Cheshire 
County,  New  Hampshire ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Kcene;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  New- 
Hampshire  legislature;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Fremont  ticket  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,717  votes  against 
10,639  votes  for  W.  Burns,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
11,778  votes  against  9,940  votes  for  Burns,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Edwards,  Thomas  O.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio, 
and  settled  at  Lancaster;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849; 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  6,984  votes  against  6,906 
votes  for  E.  B.  Olds,  Democrat. 

Edwards,  Weldon  Nathaniel,  was  born  at 
Warren,  North  Carolina,  in  1788;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law  under  Judge  Hall; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810,  and  practised  at 
Warrenton;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Com 
mons  in  1814  and  1815 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Nathaniel  Macon,  elected,  senator)  as  a 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Six 
teenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  February  7,  1816,  until 


382 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


March  3,  1827;  was  elected  State  senator  in  1833, 
and  successively  re-elected  until  1844;  was  a  member 
of  the  North-Carolina  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1835;  was  again  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1850, 
and  was  chosen  president;  was  president  of  the 
State  Convention  in  18(31 ;  and  died  at  Warren,  North 
Carolina,  December  18,  1873. 

Edwards,  William  P.,  was  born  in  Georgia, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,806  votes  against  11,581  votes  for  Alexander, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  July  25,  1868,  to  March 
3,  1869. 

Effner,  Valentine,  was  born  in  Schoharie 
County,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  resided  at  Jefferson;  Avas  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1829;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1S35,  to  Marclxg,  1837. 

Egbert,  Albert  G.,  was  born  in  Mercer  County, 
Pennsylvania,  April  13,  1828;  was  educated  prin 
cipally  in  public  schools;  was  trained  a  farmer ;  left 
farming  in  1852,  and  attended  two  academic  courses 
in  Ohio;  commenced  the  study  of  medicine  in  1853, 
and  graduated  in  March,  1856;  was  actively  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  medicine  until  1861,  since  when  he 
has  been  interested  in  the  production  and  manufac 
ture  of  petroleum  and  in  farming;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,393  votes 
against  10,381  votes  for  C.  B.  Curtis,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Egbert,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Richmond,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,620  votes  against  4,780  votes  for  Hillyer,  Whig, 
and  89  votes  for  II.  B.  Cropsey,  and  serving  f romJVIay 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Ege,  George,  was  born  in  Brooks  County,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Fourth  Congress  (in  place  of  Daniel  Heister,  re 
signed);  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  8,  1796,  to  1797,  when  he 
resigned. 

Eggleston,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Corinth, 
New  York,  Januarys,  1816;  received  a  public-school 
education;  went  to  Cincinnati,  where  he  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits,  and  became  interested  in  public 
works;  was  presiding  oflicer  of  the  City  Council  of 
Cincinnati;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Ohio  in  1862,  1863,  18(54,  and  1865;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con- 

fress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,893  votes  against 
,461  votes  for  George  E.  Pugh,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  10,422  votes  against  9,496  votes  for  Pendle- 
ton,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to 
March  3,  1869. 

Eggleston,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Amelia 
County,  Virginia,  November  24,  1754;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  College  of 
William  and  Mary;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  captain  and  major  of  Lee's  Light-Horse 
Cavalry;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the,  Virginia 
House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Fifth  Congress  (in  place  of 
William  B.  Giles,  resigned) ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1798, 
to  March  3,  1801;  and  died  in  Amelia  County,  Vir 
ginia,  February  13,  1811. 

Eickhoff,  Anthony,  was  born  in  Westphalia, 
Germany,  September  11,  1827;  studied  philology; 
sailed  for  America  in  1847;  studied  law  at  St.  Louis, 
and  adopted  the  editorial  profession;  edited  papers 
successively  at  St.  Louis,  Dubuque,  Louisville,  and 
finally  at  New  York,  where  he  located  in  1852;  was 
appointed  commissary-general  of  subsistence  for  the 


State  of  New  York  in  1863;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1863;  was  elected 
coroner  in  1873;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  13,199  votes  against  6,051  votes  for  Wallace 
P.  Groom,  Greenbacker  and  Republican,  and  serving 
from  October  15,  1877. 

Ela,  Jacob  H.,  was  born  at  Rochester,  New 
Hampshire,  July  18,  1820;  learned  the  art  of  print 
ing;  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  held  several 
local  offices,  and  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  of  New  Hampshire  in  1857  and  1858;  was 
United-States  marshal  from  July,  1861,  to  October, 
1866 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  13,243  votes 
against  12,247  votes  for  Marcy,  Democrat ;  an'd  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  1,700  majority  over  Hibbard,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871 ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Grant  fifth  auditor  of 
the  treasury. 

Elam,  Joseph  B.,  was  born  in  Hampstcad  Coun 
ty,  Arkansas,  June  12,  1821,  and  removed  with  his 
father  to  Natchitoches,  Louisiana,  in  1826;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Alexandria  in  1843, 
and  practised  in  Sabine  and  afterwards  in  De  Soto 
Parish;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  from  Sabine  Parish  for  two  terms;  re 
moved  to  Mansfield,  De  Soto  County,  in  1851;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1861,  and  signed  the  ordinance  of  secession;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  for  two  terms  during  the  civil  war,  serving  one 
term  as  speaker;  was  again  elected  to  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1872,  but  was  counted 
out  by  the  returning  board ;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1874,  but  was  again  counted  out;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  claiming  to  have  re 
ceived  12,136  votes  against  11,540  votes  for  George 
L.  Smith,  Republican,  and  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Eldridge,  Charles  A.,  was  born  at  Bridport, 
Vermont,  February  27,  1821;  went  with  his  parents 
to  New  York;  studied  and  practised  law;  settled  at 
Fond  du  Lac,  Wisconsin,  in  1848;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1854  and  1855 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,374 
votes  .against  9,832  votes  for  Bragg,  Union ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  15,583 
votes  against  10,952  votes  for  A.  Scott  Sloan,  Union; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
12,036  votes  against  10,028  votes  for  Hatch,  Repub 
lican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  17,688  votes  against  12,205  votes  for  Frisbic, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,019  votes  against  9,056  votes  for 
Watrous,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  15,587  votes  against 
12,507  votes  for  H.  Batz,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Eliot,  Samuel  Atkins,  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  March  5,  1798;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1817; 
engaged  in  commercial  pursuits;  was  mayor  of  Bos 
ton  1837-1839;  was  a  senator  and  a  representative  in 
the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (in 
place  of  Robert  C.  AVinthrop,  appointed  senator)  as 
a  Whig,  serving  from  August  22,  1850,  to  March 
3,  1851;  was  for  eleven  years  treasurer  of  Harvard 
College  (of  which  his  son,  Charles  William  Eliot,  was 
afterwards  president);  and  died  at  Cambridge,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  26,  1862. 

Eliot,  Thomas  D.,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  March  20,  1808;  studied  and  practised  law; 
was  a  member  of  the  Senate  and  of  the  House  in  the 
State  legislature  of  Massachusetts;  was  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-third  Con- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


383 


gross  for  -the  unexpired  term  of  Z.  Scuddcr,  serving 
from  April  17,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,854  votes 
against  1,740  votes  for  Bates,  Democrat,  and  58  votes 
scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,350  votes  against  1,001  votes  for 
Daniel  Fisher,  and  1,723  votes  for  others;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  8,399 
votes  against  2,702  votes  for  Fisher,  People's  candi 
date  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  13,087  votes  against  2,850  votes  forPhinney, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,184  votes  against 
1,530  votes  for  Ellis,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1800;  died  at  New  Bedford, 
Massachusetts,  June  12,  1870. 

Elkins,  Stephen  B.,  was  born  in  Ohio,  Sep 
tember  20,  1841;  moved  to  the  State  of  Missouri 
when  very  young;  graduated  at  the  university  of 
that  State  July,  1800;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  went  to  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico  in 
1803;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  Legislative 
Assembly  of  1804  and  1805 ;  held  the  offices  of  Terri 
torial  district-attorney,  attorney-general,  and  United- 
States  district-attorney,  in  said  Territory;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Mexico  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  3,818  majority 
over  J.  M.  G-allcgos,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  by  1,580  ma 
jority  over  Pedro  Valdez,  Democrat. 

Bllery,  Christopher,  was  born  at  Newport, 
Rhode  Island;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Yale  College  in  1787 ;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
port;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Rhode 
Island  (in  place  of  Ray  Greene,  resigned)  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1805;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  United- 
States  commissioner  of  loans  in  1800;  was  appointed 
by  President  J.  Q.  Adams  collector  of  customs  at 
Newport  in  1828,  and  held  the  office  until  he  died,  in 
1840. 

Ellery,  "William,  was  born  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  December  22,  1727 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1747;  was 
naval  officer  of  the  colony  of  Rhode  Island ;  studied 
law,  serving  for  two  years  as  clerk  of  a  court;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1770,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Newport;  was  a  delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to 
the  Continental  Congress  (in  place  of  Samuel  AVard, 
deceased),  taking  his  seat  May  14,  1770,  signing  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  and  serving  until  1781 ; 
he  was  again  a  delegate  1783-1785 ;  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island  in  1785;  was  elected  by 
Congress  loan  commissioner  for  Rhode  Island  in 
1786;  was  appointed  by  President  Washington  col 
lector  of  the  port  of  Newport  from  1790  until  his 
death;  he  was  reading  his  favorite  author,  Cicero, 
when  he  fell  from  his  chair,  and  expired,  February 
15.1 820. 

Ellett,  Henry  T.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Jeff erson  Davis,  resigned),  serving-from  Jan 
uary  20,  1847,  to  March  3,  1&47. 

Ellicott,  Benjamin,  received  a  public-school 
education;  resided  at  Batavia,  Genesee  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  1,  1817, 
to  March  3,  1819. 

Elliot,  John,  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1794;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Suribury,  Liberty  County,  Georgia;  held  several  im 
portant  local  offices;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Georgia,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1825;  and  died  at  Sunbury, 
Georgia,  August  9,  1827. 

Elliott,  James,  was  born  at  Guilford,  Vermont, 
August  0,  1770;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  in  the  Indian  war  of  1793  as  a  sergeant ;  was 


clerk  in  a  store  at  Guilford,  Vermont;  studied  law, 
and  was  a  contributor  to  several  newspapers  in  Ver 
mont  and  at  Philadelphia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Brattleborough, Vermont; 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Vermont  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March 
3,  1809;  died  at  Newfane,  Vermont,  November  10, 
1839.  Published  a  volume  of  poetry  and  prose  in 
1796. 

Elliott,  James  T.,  was  born  in  Monroe  County, 
Georgia,  April  22,  1823;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1854,  and  commenced  practice  at  Caniden,  Arkansas; 
was  elected  circuit-judge  in  1800;  established  and 
edited  "The  South-Arkansas  Journal  "  in  1807;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Forti 
eth  Congress  (in  place  of  James  Hinds,  assassinated) 
as  a  Republican,  serving  from  January  13,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1869;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  can 
didate  for  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  2,836 
votes  against  4,932  votes  for  W.  C.  Sherrod,  Demo 
crat;  and  died  at  Camdcn,  Arkansas,  July  28, 1875. 

Elliott,  John  M.,  was  born  in  Scott  County, 
Virginia,  May  10,  1820;  removed  to  Kentucky  when 
a  lad;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  1843;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1847 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  0,257  votes  against  5,370  votes 
for  Pierce,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  7,686  votes  against  6,341  votes  for 
Dunlop,  American;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  7,470  votes  against  5,950 
votes  for  Moore,  American,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  First  and  Second  Confederate  Con 
gresses. 

Elliott,  Robert  Brown,  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  August  11, 1842;  received  his  primary 
education  at  private  schools;  in  1853  entered  High 
Holborn  Academy  in  London,  England ;  in  1855  en 
tered  Eton  College,  England,  and  graduated  in  1859; 
studied  law,  and  practises  his  profession ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  South 
Carolina  in  1868;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  of  South  Carolina  from  July  6,  1868,  to 
October  23, 1870;  was  appointed  on  the  25th  of  March, 
1869,  assistant  adjutant-general,  which  position  he 
held  until  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  20,504  votes  against  13,997  votes  for 
J.  E.  Bacon,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 

1873,  when  he  resigned;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third    Congress    as    a    Republican,   receiving 
21,6£7  votes  against  1,094  votes  for  W.  II.  McCan, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  May, 

1874,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  sheriff. 
Ellis,  Caleb,  was  born  at  Walpolc,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1707;  received  a  liberal  education  ;  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1793;    studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice;  he  removed  to  Newport,  New 
Hampshire,  and  afterwards  to  Claremont ;  was  elect 
ed  to  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the 
State  legislature;   was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807 ;   was  chosen  an. 
elector  on  the  Clinton  and  Ingersoll  ticket  in  1813; 
was  appointed  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  New 
Hampshire  in  1813,  and  held  the  office  until  he  died, 
May  0,  1810. 

Ellis,  Cheselden,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Water- 
ford;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,328  votes  against  7,110  votes  for  Linn,  Whig,  and 
111  votes  for  Smith,  Abolitionist,  and  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  defeated  as 


384 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,124  votes  against  8,423  votes. 

Ellis,  E.  John,  Avas  born  at  Covington,  Louisi 
ana,  October  15,  1841;  received  his  early  education  at 
Clinton,  Louisiana;  entered  the  freshman  class  at 
Centenary  College,  Jackson,  Louisiana,  in  1855,  and 
withdrew  when  in  the  junior  class  in  1858;  entered 
the  Law  Department  of  the  University  of  Louisiana; 
graduated  in  March,  1801;  joined  the  Confederate 
army  live  days  afterward,  and  served  throughout  the 
war;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Louisiana  in  186(5, 
and  practised  in  New  Orleans  after  1807;  never  held 
a  public  office  of  any  kind  until  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  13,900  votes  against  11,000 
votes  for  Henry  C.  Dibble,  Republican;  and  claimed 
to  have  been  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  13,548  votes  against  12,130  votes  for  J.  B. 
Elam,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Ellis,  Powhatan,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  when  young  to  Mississippi ;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  State 
Supreme  Court  in  1823;  was  appointed  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Mississippi  (in  place  of  David 
Holmes,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  12,  1825,  to  March  11,  182(5,  when  his  succes 
sor  took  his  seat;  was  again  elected  a  United-States 
senator,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  1832, 
when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  judge  of 
the  United-States  Court;  was  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  charge  d' 'affaires  to  Mexico  January  5,  1830, 
and  closed  the  legation  of  the  United  States  Decem 
ber  28,  1830;  was  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren 
minister  plenipotentiary  to  Mexico  February  15,  1839, 
and  was  superseded  by  Waddy  Thompson  of  South 
Carolina  April  21,  1842. 

Ellis,  William  C.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Muncy,  Ly- 
«oming  County;  was  a  prominent  Freemason;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and  served 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  resumed 
practice;  and  died  at  Muncy,  Pennsylvania,  Decem 
ber  13,  1871. 

Ellison,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Ireland;  emi 
grated  to  the  United  States ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  located  at  Georgetown,  Ohio;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,479  votes  against 
7,208  votes  for  Barrere,  Whig,  and  served  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Ellsworth,  Charles  C.,  of  Greenville,  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,098  votes 
against  15,700  votes  for  Fred.  H.  Potter,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Ellsworth,  Oliver  (father  of  William  W.  Ells 
worth),  was  born  at  Windsor,  Connecticut,  April  29, 
1745;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1796;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Windsor; 
was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1777;  was  an  executive  councillor  1778- 
1780 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed 
the  Federal  Constitution  1787;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Connecticut  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  179(5,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  in  1790,  but  resigned,  on 
account  of  ill  health,  in  1800;  was  appointed  envoy 
extraordinary  to  France  in  1799  to  negotiate  a  treaty; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pinckney  and  King 
ticket  in  1805,  and  again  in  1807;  died  at  Windsor, 
Connecticut,  November  20,  1807. 

Ellsworth,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  Vermont; 
received  an  academic  education;  removed  to  Penn 
Yan,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1840;  was  elected  a  represen 


tative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,703  votes  against  7,062 
votes  for  Judd,  Whirr,  and  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Ellsworth,  William  W.  (son  of  Oliver  Ells 
worth,  and  twin-brother  of  Henry  L.  Ellsworth, 
commissioner  of  patents  for  many  years),  was  born 
in  Windsor  County,  Connecticut,  November  10,  1791 ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1810;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  was  professor  of  law  at  Trinity  College, 
Hartford;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
1834,  when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  Connecti 
cut  1838-1842  ;  was  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  from  1847,  until  he  was  obliged,  by  the  consti 
tutional  provision,  to  retire  in  1861;  declined  twice 
an  election  to  the  United-States  Senate ;  and  died  at 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  January  15,  1868. 

Elmendorf,  Lucas,  was  born  at  Kingston,  New 
York,  in  1758;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating 'at  Princeton  College  in  1782;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Kingston;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fifth 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  and  Sev 
enth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15, 1797,  to  March 
8,  1803;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1804-1805,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1814- 
1817 ;  and  died  at  Kingston,  New  York,  August  17, 
1843. 

Elmer,  Ebenezer  (brother  of  Jonathan  Elmer), 
was  born  at  Cedarville,  New  Jersey,  in  1752;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  medicine,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  a  field-officer,  and  also  as  a  surgeon ;  was 
president  of  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati  for  New 
Jersey;  practised  medicine  at  Bridgeton,  New  Jersey; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1789-1795,  serving  as  speaker  in  1791  and  1795 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Seventh  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth 
and  Ninth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1807;  was  appointed  by  President 
Jefferson  collector  of  customs  at  Bridgeton;  com 
manded  a  brigade  of  New-Jersey  militia  on  the  east 
ern  bank  of  the  Delaware  in  the  war  of  1812;  was 
vice-president  of  the  Burlington  College  1808-1817 
and  1822-1832;  became  the  last  surviving  officer  of 
the  New-Jersey  Revolutionary  officers;  and  died  at 
Bridgeton,  New  Jersey,  October  18,  1843. 

Elmer,  Jonathan  (brother  of  Ebenezer  Elmer), 
was  born  in  Cumberland  County,  New  Jersey,  in 
1745;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  med 
icine;  graduated  at  the  Medical  School  of  the  Univer 
sity  of  Pennsylvania,  and  practised  with  success; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1770-1778,  1781-1784,  and  1787;  was  high 
sheriff  and  afterwards  surrogate  of  Cumberland 
County;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
New  Jersey  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  devoted  the  closing  years  of 
his  life  to  literary  pursuits,  and  died  at  Burlington, 
New  Jersey,  in  1817. 

Elmer,  Lucius  Q.  C.,  was  born  at  Bridgeton, 
New  Jersey,  in  1793;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Bridgeton,  New  Jersey;  was  several  years  prosccut- 
ing-attorney ;  was  a- member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1820-1823,  serving  the  last  year  as 
speaker;  was  United-States  district-attorney  for  the 
District  of  New  Jersey  1824-1829 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  served  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  6,053  votes  against  7,440  votes  for  J.  G. 
Hampton,  Whig;  was  appointed  attorney-general  of 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


385 


New  Jersey  in  1850;  was  a  justice  of  the  State  Su 
preme  Court  1850-1852.  Published  a  "Digest  of  the 
Laws  of  New  Jersey"  1838. 

Elmore,  Franklin  Harper,  was  born  in  Lau- 
rens  District,  South  Carolina,  January  16,  1799;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  South- 
Carolina  College  in  1819;  studied  law  with  Judge  A. 
P.  Butler;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Walterborough,  South  Carolina; 
was  solicitor  of  the  South-eastern  and  afterwards  of 
the  Southern  Judicial  Circuits  1822-1834 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
resignation  of  General  Hammond)  as  a  State-rights 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  19,  1836,  to  March 
3,  1839;  was  president  of  the  Bank  of  the  State  of 
South  Carolina  from  December,  1839,  to  1850;  de 
clined  the  position  of  minister  to  Great  Britain  ten 
dered  him  by  President  Polk ;  was  appointed  United- 
States  senator  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
death  of  John  C.  Calhoun),  serving  from  May  G,  1850, 
until  his  death  at  Washington,  of  neuralgia,  May  29, 
1S50. 

Ely,  Alfred,  was  born  at  Lyme,  New-London 
County,  Connecticut,  February  18,  1815;  received  an 
academic  education;  removed  to  Rochester,  New 
York,  in  1835;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1841,  and  commenced  practice  at  Rochester;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,270 
votes  against  5,114  votes  for  Trimmer,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  10,704  votes  against  7,314  votes  for  Rey 
nolds,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1863;  went  as  a  spectator  to  the  battle-field 
of  Bull  Run  in  1861,  where  he  was  captured  by  the 
Confederates,  and  imprisoned  at  Richmond  for  nearly 
six  months,  when  he  was  exchanged  for  Charles  J. 
Faulkner.  His  journal  of  prison  life  at  Richmond 
was  edited  and  published  by  Mr.  Charles  Lanman. 

Ely,  John,  was  born  in  Connecticut ;  removed  to 
Coxsackie,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1837-1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress. as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,668  votes  against  9,502  votes  for 
Mitchell  Sanford,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December 
2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Ely,  Smith,  jun.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1825 ;  was  educated  as  a  lawyer,  and  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1846,  but  never  practised  his  profession ;  has 
been  for  twenty-four  years  past  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits  in  the  city  of  New  York ;  was  elected 
school-trustee  in  1856,  State  senator  in  1857,  and 
county  supervisor  in  1860,  retaining  the  latter  office 
until  it  was  abolished  in  July,  1870;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,514  votes 
against  3,503  votes  for  D.  H.  McAlpin,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
7,689  votes  against  6,418  votes  for  Spencer,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  December  12, 
1876,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  mayor 
of  New-York  City. 

Ely,  William,  was  born  in  Massachusetts;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1787;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mas 
sachusetts  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and 
Thirteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 
1805,  to  March  3,  1815;  and  died  in  1817. 

Embree,  Elisha,  was  born  in  Lincoln  County, 
Kentucky,  September  28,  1801;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Indiana  in  1811;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Princeton,  Indiana  ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Indiana  in  1833; 
was  circuit-judge  1835-1845;  was  elected  a  repre 


sentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  7,445  votes  against  7,054  votes  for 
R.  D.  Owen,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
7,598  votes  against  7,823  votes  for  N.  Albertson, 
Democrat;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits,  and 
died  at  Princeton,  Indiana,  March  7,  1863. 

Emott,  James,  was  born  at  Albany,  New  York, 
in  1770;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Poughkeepsie ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress, 
receiving  a  majority  of  131  votes,  and  serving  from 
May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 1813;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1814-1817 ;  was  first 
judge  of  the  Court  df  Common  Pleas  of  Dutchess 
County  from  April  8,  1817,  to  February  3,  1823;  was 
appointed  judge  for  the  Second  Judicial  Circuit 
February  21,  1827,  and  held  the  office  until  he 
became  sixty  years  of  age,  when  he  had  to  retire; 
he  died  at  Poughkeepsie,  New  York,  April  7,  1850. 

Emrie,  Joseph  Reece,  resided  at  Hillsborough, 
Ohio,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,990  votes  against  5,370  votes  for  Ellison, 
and  serving  from  December  3, 1855,  to  March  3, 1857 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  7,460  votes  against 
8,603  votes  for  J.  R.  Cockerell,  Democrat,  and  1,598 
votes  for  Trimbull,  American. 

English,  James  E.,  was  born  in  New  Haven, 
Connecticut,  in  March,  1812;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  became  a  master-builder  and 
dealer  in  lumber,  engaging  subsequently  in  banking 
and  manufacturing;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1855,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1856-1858,  but  declined  a  re-election ;  was 
an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  lieutenant-governor 
on  the  ticket  with  Colonel  Seymour  in  1860;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress ;  was  elected  governor  of  Connecti 
cut  in  1867,  defeating  J.  E.  Hawley;  re-elected  in 
1868,  defeating  M.  Jewell ;  was  an  unsuccessful  can 
didate  in  1869,  and  again  elected  in  1870;  was  again 
elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  representative  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress;  was  appointed  United-States 
senator  from  Connecticut  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Orris  S.  Ferry, 
Republican),  and  served  from  December  8,  1875,  to 
May  22,  1876. 

English,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Scott 
County,  Indiana,  August  27,  1822 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  passing  three  years  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  South  Hanover;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1846, 
but  devoted  most  of  his  time  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  clerk  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1843;  was  a  clerk  in  the  treasury  department  at 
Washington  1844-1848;  was  clerk  of  the  Indiana 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Indiana  in 
1851,  serving  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,654  votes  against  7,094  votes 
for  Fergason,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,931  votes  against  8,345 
votes  for  Shaulter,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,577  votes 
against  7,927  votes  for  Wilson,  Republican ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
9,293  votes  against  7,434  votes  for  J.  M.  Wilson, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  5, 1853,  to  March 
3,  1861. 

Eppes,  John  W.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1773;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 


386 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


Richmond;  married  Maria,  a  daughter  of  Thomas 
Jefferson;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1811;  was  again  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  receiving  a  majority 
of  176  votes,  and  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March 

2,  1815;   was  elected   a  United-States  senator  from 
Virginia,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  181!), 
when  he  resigned  on   account  of    ill    health,   and 
retired  to  his  plantation  in  Chesterfield  County,  Vir 
ginia,  where  he  died  September  20,  1853. 

Erdman,  Jacob,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Coopers- 
burg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1, 1845,  to  March  3, 1847;  and 
died  at  Coopersburg,  Pennsylvania,  July  20,  1867. 

Errett,  Russell,  of  Pittsburg,  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,551  votes 
against  12,913  votes  for  James  H.  Hopkins,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Erwin,  James,  was  born  in  Williamsburg  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina,  October  17,  1778;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Brown  University 
in  1797 ;  studied  law  with  W.  D.  James,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1800,  and  commenced  practice  in  the 
Pedee  country;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1800-1804;  was  solicitor  of  the 
Northern  Judicial  Circuit  1804-1816;  was  a  trustee 
of  the  South-Carolina  College  1809-1817;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  as  a  Tariff  man,  defeating  Benjamin  Huger, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  without 
opposition,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March 

3,  1821 ;  his  health  failed  while  he  was  in  Congress, 
and  he  declined  a  re-election;  he  was  killed  by  a  fall 
from  his  horse,  near  Darlington  Court  House.  July  7, 
1841. 

Estil,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Abington ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  nearly 
every  vote,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to 
March  3,  1827. 

Esty,  Constantine  C.,was  born  at  Framingham, 
Massachusetts,  December  26, 1824;  received  a  classical 
education ;  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1845 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  and  practised 
at  Framingham ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1857  and  1858,  and  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1867 ;  was  appointed  assessor  of  internal 
revenue  in  1862,  removed  in  1866,  re-appointed  in 
1867,  and  resigned  in  1872 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
(in  place  of  George  M.  Brooks,  resigned)  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,583  votes  against  5,274  votes  for 
George  Stevens,  Democrat  and  Liberal,  and  170  votes 
scattering,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1872,  to 
March  3,  1873. 

Etheridge,  Emerson,  was  born  at  Currituck, 
North  Carolina,  September  28,  1819;  removed  to 
Tennessee  in  1831;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  1840;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1845-1847;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  no  opposition;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  7,952  votes  against  7,394  votes 
for  Freeman,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3, 1857 ;  was  defeated  as  the  American 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  by  T.  C. 
Atkins,  Democrat ;  was  again  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
National  American,  receiving  9,437  votes  against 
9,430  votes  for  T.  C.  Atkins,  Democrat,  and  serving 


from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  clerk 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  from  July  4,  1861, 
to  December  8,  1863;  resumed  the  practice  of  law. 

Eustis,  George,  jun.,  was  born  at  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  September  28,  1828;  received  a  classical 
education  at  Jefferson  College,  Louisiana,  and  gradu 
ated  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Orleans; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  2,588  votes 
against  2,258  votes  for  Fabre,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
2,336  votes  against  1,528  votes  for  Villiers,  Democrat, 
serving  from  Decembers,  1855,  until  March  3,  1859; 
was  appointed  secretary  of  the  Confederate  legation 
at  Paris,  and  remained  in  France  after  the  civil  war; 
was  commissioned  by  Mr.  Washburne,  the  minister 
of  the  United  States  at  Paris,  to  negotiate  a  postal 
treaty  with  the  French  Government;  and,  on  the  out 
break  of  the  Franco-Prussian  war,  he  voluntarily 
contributed  his  services  to  the  legation  of  the  United 
States ;  he  died  at  Cannes,  France,  March  15,  1872. 

Eustis,  James  B.,  was  born  at  New  Orleans 
August  27,  1834 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  was 
at  the  Harvard  Law  School  in  1853  and  1854;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856,  and  practised  at  New 
Orleans;  entered  the  Confederate  service  at  the  com 
mencement  of  hostilities  as  judge-advocate  on  the 
staff  of  General  Magrudcr,  and,  after  one  year's 
service,  was  transferred  to  the  staff  of  General  Joe 
Johnston,  with  whom  he  served  until  the  close  of 
the  Avar;  resumed  practice  at  New  Orleans;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  prior  to  the 
reconstruction  acts ;  was  one  of  the  committee  sent 
to  Washington  to  confer  with  President  Johnson  on. 
Louisiana  affairs;  was  nominated  for  Congress  in 
1872  as  a  candidate  at  large,  but  was  left  off  by  the 
fusion  of  tickets ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1872 ;  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  for  four  years  in  1874;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  as  a  Democrat  to  succeed 
William  Pitt  Kellogg,  Republican  (the  seat  having 
been  vacant  since  1873),  and  took  his  seat  December 
10,  1877;  his  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3, 
1879. 

Eustis,  "William,  was  born  at  Cambridge, 
Massachusetts,  June  10,  1753;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1772; 
studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Joseph  Warren ;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  army  as  surgeon,  and  had  charge 
of  the  hospital  opposite  West  Point  in  which  Arnold 
had  his  headquarters ;  resumed  his  practice  in  Boston, 
after  the  war;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1805; 
was  appointed  secretary  of  war  by  President  Madison, 
serving  from  March  7, 1809,  to  January  19,  1813 ;  was 
minister  to  the  Netherlands,  serving  from  December 
19,  1814,  to  May  5,  1818 ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Edward  Dowse, 
resigned),  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  serving  from  November  13, 1820,  to  March 
3,  1823;  was  elected  governor  of  Massachusetts  in 
1823,  and  served  until  his  death,  after  an  illness  of 
five  days,  at  Boston,  February  6,  1825. 

Evans,  Alexander,  was  born  at  Elkton,  Mary 
land;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
civil-engineer's  assistant;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Elkton  in 
1845;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,909 
votes  against  4,444  votes  for  Carmichael,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
4,986  votes  against  4,487  votes  for  S.  M.  Magraw, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  4,992  votes  against  4,486  votes 
for  McCullough,  Opposition,  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law. 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


387 


Evans,  David  E.,  of  Batavia,  Genesee  County, 
New  York;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  but  resigned 
before  taking  his  seat. 

Evans,  David  R.,  was  born  at  Westminster, 
England,  February  20,  1769;  his  father  brought  him 
to  ISouth  Carolina  in  1784;  he  received  a  classical 
education  at  Mount-Zion  College ;  studied  law  with 
Daniel  Brown,  and  (after  having  been  rejected)  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1796 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1800-1804;  was 
solicitor  of  the  Middle  Judicial  Circuit  1804-1811; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating 
Eobert  Creswell,  and  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1815 ;  declining  a  re-election,  he  retired  to 
his  plantation,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural 
pursuits;  was  State  senator  1818-1826,  when  he 
declined  a  re-election;  held  several  prominent  posi 
tions  in  societies  connected  with  the  Presbyterian 
Church;  and  died  near  Winn's  Bridge,  Fairfield 
District,  South  Carolina,  March  8,  1843. 

Evans,  George,  was  born  at  Hallowell,  Massa 
chusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  January  12,  1797;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1815;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1818,  and  practised  at  Gardiner,  removing 
afterwards  to  Hallowell ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  its  speaker  in  1829; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig;  Avas  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving  3,542  votes  against 
2,863  votes  for  White,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty- 
sixth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  3,  1841;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Maine  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1847 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  senator  in  1847  by  J.  W.  Bradbury,  Democrat; 
was  a  member  of  the  commission  to  ascertain  the 
claims  against  Mexico  1849-1850;  was  elected  attor 
ney-general  of  Maine  in  1850,  1854,  and  1856;  and 
died  at  Hallo  well,  Maine,  April  5,  1867. 

Evans,  Isaac  Newton,  was  born  in  East-Nant- 
meal  Township,  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  July 
27,  1827;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
medicine,  graduating  in  the  medical  department  of 
Bowdoin  College,  Maine,  in  1851,  and  at  the  Jeffer 
son  Medical  College  of  Philadelphia  in  1852;  prac 
tised  at  Johnsville,  Berks  County,  and  Hatborough, 
Montgomery  County;  is  a  member  of  the  Pennsyl 
vania  State  Medical  Society  and  of  the  American 
Medical  Association ;  is  president  of  the  Hatborough 
National  Bank;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  15,765  votes  against  14,247  votes  for 
Abel  Rambo,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  October 
15,  1877. 

Evans,  James  La  Fayette,  was  born  in  Har 
rison  County,  Kentucky,  March  27,  1825;  received  a 
common-school  education;  removed  to  Hancock 
County,  Indiana,  in  1837,  and  to  Noblesville  in  1850; 
was  by  occupation  a  miller  and  general  trader;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,595  votes  against  13,426  votes  for  J.  D.  Cox,  Dem 
ocrat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  17,930  votes  against  16,482  votes  for  Arm 
strong,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6, 1875. 

Evans,  John,  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Continental  Congress  from  1776  to  1777. 

Evans,  Joshua,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  resided  at  Paoli;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serv- 
ingfrom  December  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Evans,  Josiah  James,  was  born  in  Marlbor- 
ough  District,  South  Carolina,  November  27,  1786; 


was  for  a  time  a  clerk  in  a  store ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  South-Carolina  College 
in  1808;  studied  law  with  his  brother-in-law,  Mr. 
Hanson;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1811,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Marlborough  District;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in. 
1812  and  1813;  removed  to  the  estate  of  his  wife  in 
Darlington  District  in  1816,  and  was  again  elected  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives ;  was  State 
solicitor  for  the  Northern  District  1816-1829;  was  a 
circuit-judge  1829-1835,  and  of  the  higher  court 
1829-1852;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
South  Carolina  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  his  sudden  death 
from  heart-disease  at  Washington  City,  May  6,  1858. 

Evans,  Lemuel  D.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
removed  to  Texas,  where  he  practised  law  at  Mar 
shall;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiv 
ing  10,342  votes  against  10,311  votes  for  Crosby, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  until 
March  3,  1857;  was  defeated  as  the  American  candi 
date  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,085 
votes  against  15,799  votes  for  J.  H.  Regan,  Democrat; 
was  a  circuit-judge;  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  United-States  marshal  of  the  Eastern  Judicial 
District  of  Texas. 

Evans,  Nathan,  was  born  in  Belmont  County, 
Ohio,  June  24,  1804;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Cambridge,  Ohio;  was 
prosecuting-attorney  for  Guernsey  County  1842-1846 , 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  6,606  votes  against 
5,840  votes  for  Gaston,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  resumed  his  prac 
tice  at  Cambridge. 

Evans,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Fifth  Congress;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1801. 

Eveleigh,  Nicholas,  was  a  delegate  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1782. 

Everett,  Edward,  was  born  at  Dorchester, 
Massachusetts,  April  11,  1794;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1811; 
was  a  tutor  at  Harvard  1812;  studied  theology,  and 
was  ordained  pastor  of  the  Brattle-street  Unitarian 
Church,  Boston,  February  9,  1814;  was  elected  pro 
fessor  of  Greek  literature  at  Harvard  in  1814,  and 
passed  three  years  and  a  half  abroad,  studying  at 
Gottingen  and  other  European  universities,  before 
he  entered  upon  his  duties ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1835 ;  declined  a  re-election ;  was  governor  of  Massa 
chusetts  1836-1840;  was  appointed  commissioner  to 
China  March  3,  1843,  but  declined ;  was  minister  to 
Great  Britain  September  13,  1841-August  8,  1845; 
returning,  he  was  elected  president  of  Harvard  Col 
lege,  serving  1846-1849 ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Fillmore  secretary  of  state  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Daniel  Webster),  serving  from 
November  6,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Massachusetts,  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  June  1,  1854,  when  he 
resigned ;  was  defeated  as  the  American  compromise 
candidate  for  Vice-President  on  the  ticket  headed  by 
John  Bell,  receiving  39  electoral  votes  against  180 
electoral  votes  for  Hannibal  Hamlin,  72  electoral 
votes  for  Joseph  Lane,  and  12  electoral  votes  for  II. 
V.  Johnson ;  lectured  in  behalf  of  the  fund  for  the 
purchase  of  Mount  Vernon;  was  a  presidential  elect 
or  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson  ticket  in  1864;  and 
died  at  Boston,  after  a  short  illness,  January  15, 


388 


CONGEESSIONAL  DIKECTOEY. 


1865.  Published  "Webster's  Works,  with  a  Memoir," 
"  The  Life  of  General  Stark,"  "  The  Mount-Vernon 
Papers,"  an  "  Abridged  Biography  of  Washington," 
and  numerous  magazine  articles  and  addresses. 

Everett,  Horace,  was  born  in  Vermont  in 
1780;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Windsor,  Vermont;  was  prosecuting -attorney  for 
Windsor  County  1813-1817;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1820,  1822-1824, 
and  1834;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1828;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  George  E.  Wales;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  on  the  second  trial,  receiving 
304  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  defeating  Anderson,  Democrat,  and  Arnold, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth.  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,183  votes  against  3,841  votes  for  Alden 
Partridge,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  2,222  majority, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1843; 
died  at  Windsor,  Vermont,  January  30,  1851. 

Everhartt,  William,  was  born  at  West  Chester, 
Pennsylvania;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,641 
votes  against  6,464  votes  for  Murton,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Evins,  John  H.,  resides  at  Spartanburg,  South 
Carolina,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  21,875  votes  against  16,071  votes  for  Alex 
ander  S.  Wallace,  Eepublican,  serving  from  October 
15,1877. 

Ewing,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Nashville,  Ten 
nessee  ;  received  an  academic  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,894  votes  against 
4,816  votes  for  Cullom,  Whig,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Ewing,  Edwin  H.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Nash 
ville  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Ewing,  John,  was  born  at  sea  while  his  parents 
were  on  their  way  from  Cork  to  Baltimore,  and  was 
taken  by  them  to  Indiana ;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits  at  Vin- 
cennes;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  and  House  of  Eepresentatives ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1835 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,728  votes  against  4,887 
votes  for  John  Law,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 1839;  was  found  dead 
in  his  room  at  Vincennes  in  December,  1857,  and  on 
his  table  was  this  epitaph,  apparently  just  written, — 

"  Here  lies  a  man  who  loved  his  friends, 
His  God,  hie  country,  and  Vincennes." 

Ewing,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Washington, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Ewing,  Presley,  was  born  at  Eussellville,  Ken 
tucky  ;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  travelled  in  Europe ;  was 
twice  elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Eepre 
sentatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,887  votes  against  5,778  votes  for  Clarke, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  5,318  votes  against  no  opposition, 
serving  from  December  1, 1851,  to  September  27, 1854, 


when  he  died  at  the  Mammoth  Cave,  Kentucky, 
where  he  had  gone  for  his  health. 

Ewing,  Thomas  (father  of  Thomas  Ewing), 
was  born  near  West  Liberty,  Virginia,  December  28, 
1789;  removed  with  his  father's  family  to  Ohio  in 
1792;  worked  on  his  father's  farm  and  in  the  Kana- 
wha  Salt  Works,  earning  the  money  with  which  he 
received  a  classical  education  at  the  Athens  Acad 
emy,  which  conferred  on  him  the  degree  of  A.B.  in 
1815,  the  first  granted  in  Ohio ;  studied  law  at  Lan 
caster ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816,  and  practised 
at  Lancaster;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Ohio  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  5, 1831, 
to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  for  re-election  as  the 
Whig  candidate,  receiving  52  legislative  votes  against 
54  legislative  votes  for  W.  Allen,  and  1  blank  legisla 
tive  vote ;  was  appointed  secretary  by  President  Har 
rison,  serving  from  March  5,  1841,  to  September  13, 
1841 ;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the  interior  by 
President  Taylor,  serving  from  March  7,  1849,  to 
July  25,  1850;  was  appointed  senator  (in  place  of 
Thomas  Corwin,  resigned),  serving  from  July  27, 
1850,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861 ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  in  1865, 
but  did  not  take  part  in  its  proceedings ;  and  died  at 
Lancaster,  Ohio,  October  26,  1871. 

Ewing,  Thomas  (son  of  Thomas  Ewing),  was 
born  at  Lancaster,  Ohio;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Lancaster ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  19,628  votes  against  14,541 
votes  for  Nash,  Eepublican,  and  serving  from  Octo 
ber  15,  1877. 

Ewing,  William  L.  D.,  was  born  in  1795;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Van- 
dalia;  was  appointed  United-States  senator  from 
Illinois  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Elias  Kent  Kane,  serving  from  January  25,  1S36,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  was  State  auditor  of  Ohio,  and  died 
while  holding  that  office,  March  25,  1846. 

Fairfleld,  John,  was  born  at  Saco,  Maine,  Jan 
uary  30,  1797 ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Saco,  Maine ;  was  appointed 
in  1832  reporter  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  decis 
ions  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  was  governor  of 
Maine  1839-1843;  was  elected  a  senator  from  Maine 
(in  place  of  Eeuel  Williams,  resigned);  and  was  re- 
elected,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  December 
24,  1847,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City,  after 
having  had  a  siirgical  operation  performed  on  him, 
December  24,  1847. 

Faran,  James  J.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received 
a  public-school  education;  located  at  Cincinnati; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twen 
ty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1849 ;  became  one  of  the  owners  of 
"  The  Cincinnati  Enquirer." 

Far  lee,  Isaac  G-.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Flem- 
ington ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jer 
sey  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Farley,  E.  Wilder,  was  born  in  Maine  in  1818; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1836;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Castle ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Eepresentatives  1843. 
and  1851-1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  5,255  votes  against  4,724  votes  for  Kimball, 
Democrat,  3,871  votes  for  Smith,  Democrat,  and  592 
votes  for  Foster,  Free-Soiler,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  5, 1853,  to  March  3, 1855 ;  was  defeated  as  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


389 


Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  3,587  votes  against  5,905  votes  for  Ebenezcr 
Knowlton,  Democrat,  and  4,072  votes  for  J.  G.  Dick- 
erson,  Democrat;  was  a  State  senator  in  1856. 

Farlin,  Dudley,  of  Dudley,  New  York ;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  and  died  at  Warrensburg,  New  York, 
September  26,  1837. 

Farnsworth,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Eaton, 
Canada  East,  March  27,  1820;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was  a  repre 
sentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  21,518  votes  against  9,814 
votes  for  Van  Nortwick,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  21,797  votes 
against  13,198  votes  for  Dyer,  Democrat,  and  701 
votes  for  Blackburn,  anti-Lecompton  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  cavalry  and  brigadier- 
general  ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,012  votes  against  4,785  votes  for 
Donnelly,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  17,898  votes  against  5,237 
votes  for  Merrill  C.  Johnson,  Democrat;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  10,185  votes 
against  3,340  votes  for  Haines,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  20,725 
votes  against  6,307  votes  for  Herrington,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1871 ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  8,306  votes  against  2,349  votes 
for  R.  D.  Bishop,  Democrat,  and  0,310  votes  for  J.  C. 
Stoughton,  Temperance  candidate. 

Farquhar,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Frederick 
County,  Maryland,  December  20,  1818;  received  a 
public-school  education;  removed  with  his  father's 
family  to  Indiana  in  1833;  was  a  civil  engineer; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Brookville;  was  secretary  of  the 
State  Senate  1842  and  1843;  was  chief  clerk  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1844;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket  in 
1800;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  captain  in 
the  Nineteenth  United-States  Infantry  in  1861,  serv 
ing  until  he  resigned  in  1864;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,015  votes  against  9,949 
votes  for  George  Berry,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Farrelly,  John  W.  (son  of  Patrick  Farrelly), 
was  born  at  Meadville,  Pennsylvania,  July  7,  1809; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Pennsylvania  1828;  was  a 
State  senator  1838-1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1849;  was  appointed  sixth  auditor  of  the  treasury  by 
President  Taylor,  serving  from  November  5,  1849, 
to  April  7,  1853;  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Farrelly,  Patrick  (father  of  John  W.  Farrelly), 
was  born  in  Ireland  in  1760;  came  to  the  United 
States ;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Meadville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  to  January  12,  1826,  when  he  died 
at  Meadville,  Pennsylvania. 

Farrington,  James,  was  born  at  Conway,  New 
Hampshire,  in  October,  1791;  received  an  academic 
education  at  PYyeburg  Academy,  Maine ;  studied  med 
icine  under  Dr.  Chandler  of  Fryeburg,  and  Dow  of 
Dover;  was  licensed  July  18,  1818,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Rochester,  New  Hampshire,  August  9, 
1818 ;  was  a  State  representative  and  State  senator, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 


from  September  4,  1837,  until  March  3,  1839;  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  trustees  for  the  New-Hampshire 
Insane  Asylum  in  1845 ;  and  died  at  Rochester,  New 
Hampshire,  October  29,  1859. 

Farrow,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1759; 
his  family  removed  to  South  Carolina  in  1765,  and 
settled  in  Spartanburg  District ;  served  in  the  Revo 
lutionary  war;  was  wounded  in  one  skirmish,  and 
taken  prisoner  in  another;  studied  law  with  Robert 
Goodloe  Harper;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1793, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Spartanburg;  was  lieu 
tenant-governor  of  South  Carolina  in  1810;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  War  Democrat,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  but  declined  to 
serve ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  181(5-1821 ;  and  died  at  Columbia,  South 
Carolina,  November  18,  1824. 

Farwell,  Charles  B.,  was  born  at  Painted  Post, 
New  York,  July  1,  1823;  was  educated  at  the  Elmira 
Academy;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1838;  was  employed 
in  government  surveying  and  in  farming  until  1844, 
when  he  engaged  in  real-estate  business  and  banking 
in  Chicago ;  was  elected  county  clerk  of  Cook  Coun 
ty  in  1853,  and  re-elected  in  1857;  subsequently  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  is  now  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  John  V.  Farwell  &  Co.  of  Chicago ; 
was  appointed  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of 
Equalization  in  1867 ;  was  chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Supervisors  of  Cook  County  in  1808 ;  was  appointed 
national-bank  examiner  in  1809;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  20,342  votes  against  15,025 
votes  for  John  Wentworth,  Independent  Democrat 
and  Coalition  candidate;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  9,202  votes  against  4,902 
votes  for  J.  V.  Le  Moyne,  Liberal ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  8,177  votes  against  7,991  votes  for  J.  V.  Le  Moyne, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  May  6, 
1870,  when  the  House  decided  that  J.  V.  Le  Moyne 
was  entitled  to  the  seat. 

Farwell,  Nathan  A.,  was  born  at  Unity,  Maine, 
in  1812;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Rockland,  Maine ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1800,  1803,  and  1864; 
was  a  State  senator  in  1853,  1854,  1861,  and  1862, 
serving  the  last  year  as  presiding  officer;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at  Bal 
timore  in  1864;  was  appointed  and  afterwards  elected 
a  United-States  senator  as  a  Republican  (in  place  of 
William  Pitt  Fessenden,  resigned),  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1804,  to  March  3,  1807 ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  Loyalists'  Convention  in  1866. 

Faulkner,  Charles  James,  was  born  at  Mar- 
tinsburg,  Virginia  (afterwards  West  Virginia),  in 
1808;  graduated  at  Georgetown  University,  District 
of  Columbia;  attended  Chancellor  Tucker's  law  lec 
tures  at  Winchester,  Virginia;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1829 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  House  of  Representatives  in  1831; 
was  commissioner  of  Virginia  on  the  disputed  bound 
ary  between  that  State  and  Maryland ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  1841-1844,  but  resigned  in 
1842;  was  appointed  a  visitor  of  the  Virginia  Military 
Institute  in  1846;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Re 
vising  Legislature  of  Virginia  in  1848;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Virginia  in  1850;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  until  March  3,  1859;  was  chair 
man  of  the  resident  National  Democratic  Committee 
in  charge  of  the  presidential  canvass  of  1856;  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  minister  to  France 
in  1859;  returned  to  the  United  States  in  August, 
1861,  and  was  held  as  a  prisoner  of  state,  froir*  an 
apprehension  that  he  would  unite  his  fortunes  with 


390 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


those  of  the  Southern  Confederacy;  was  exchanged 
in  December,  1801,  for  Alfred  Ely,  member  of  the 
United-States  House  of  Representatives  from  New 
York,  then  a  prisoner  in  Richmond;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  General  Stone 
wall  Jackson's  staff,  and  served  urftil  the  death  of 
that  officer;  was  elected  in  1870  president  of  the 
Martinsburg  and  Potomac  Railroad,  and  in  1871 
president  of  the  Berkeley-county  Agricultural  So 
ciety;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  West  Virginia  in  1872;  was  appointed 
a  regent  of  the  West- Virginia  University  in  1873; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  West  Virginia 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  11,500  votes  against  8,064  votes  for  Alexander  II. 
Boteler,  Independent,  serving  from  December 6, 1875, 
to  March  3,  1877. 

Fay,  Francis  B.,  was  born  at  Southborough, 
Massachusetts,  June  12, 1703 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a 
deputy-sheriff  of  Worcester  County  1824-1830;  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  General  Court  1830- 
1831 ;  removed  in  1831  to  Chelsea,  which  he  represented 
in  the  Massachusetts  General  Court  in  1834-1836  and 
1840 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  in 
1S43  and  1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mas 
sachusetts  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Robert 
Rantoul),  receiving  191  plurality,  and  serving  from 
December  29,  1852,  until  March  3,  1853;  was  mayor 
of  Chelsea  in  1857 ;  removed  in  1858  to  South  Lan 
caster,  that  he  might  be  near  the  State  Reform 
School,  of  which  he  was  a  founder;  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  in  18G8;  and  died  at 
South  Lancaster,  of  paralysis,  October  0,  1876. 

Fay,  John,  was  born  in  Worcester  County,  Mas 
sachusetts;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Montgomery  County,  New  York;  held 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Fearing,  Paul,  was  born  at  Wareham,  Massa 
chusetts,  February  28,  1762;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1785; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised; 
was  elected  a  delegate  from  the  North-west  Territory 
in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Featherston,  W.  S.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  an  academic  education ;  located  at  Houston, 
Mississippi;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  iii  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  6,433  votes  against  5,587  votes  for  McClung, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,237  votes  against  6,179  votes  for 
Harris,  Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1851;  entered  the  Confederate  army;  was 
appointed,  March  6,  1862,  brigadier-general,  and  as 
signed  to  a  brigade  composed  of  the  Twelfth,  Six 
teenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Forty-eighth  Mississippi 
Infantry  and  Smith's  Light  Battery;  and  was  killed 
in  action  near  Atlanta,  Georgia,  July  20,  1864. 

Felch,  Alpheus,  was  born  at  Limerick,  Maine, 
September  28,  1806;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Bowdoin  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Ann 
Arbor,  Michigan;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1836  and  1837;  was  appointed 
bank  commissioner  in  1838,  resigning  in  1839;  was 
elected  auditor-general  in  1842,  but  resigned  to  accept 
the  position  of  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court; 
was  governor  of  Michigan  1845-1847;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Michigan  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  a  commissioner  for  the  settlement  of  California 
land  claims  under  the  treaty  of  Giiadalupe  Hidalgo, 
serving  from  March,  1853,  until  March,  1856;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
Chicago  in  1864. 

Felder,  John  M.,  was   born    in    Orangeburg 


District,  South  Carolina,  July  7,  1782;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1804  in  the  class  with  John  C.  Calhoun  and  Bishop 
Gadsden;  studied  law  at  the  law  school  of  Judge 
Gould  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  and,  returning  to 
South  Carolina,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Columbia 
in  1808 ;  commenced  practice  at  Orangeburg ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  with 
the  exception  of  a  few  years,  1810-1830 ;  was  a  major 
of  volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  W.  C. 
Preston,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  3,  1835;  declined  a  re-election,  but  did  not 
resume  practice ;  was  elected  a  State  senator  in  1840, 
and  was  successively  re-elected  until  he  died  of 
bilious  colic,  suddenly  and  unknown,  in  a  hut  by  the 
roadside  at  Union  Point,  Georgia,  September  1,  1851. 

Fell,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ;  received  a 
public-school  education,  and  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1780. 

Felton,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Oglethorpe 
County,  Georgia,  June  19,  1823;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Georgia  at  Athens  in  August,  1843; 
graduated  at  the  Medical  College  of  Georgia  at 
Augusta  in  March,  1844;  became  a  farmer  by  pro 
fession  and  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  of  Georgia  from  Cass 
(now  Bartow)  County  in  1851 ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  Independent  Democrat,  receiving  7,587 
votes  against  7,505  votes  for  W.  H.  Dabney,  Demo 
crat,  and  197  votes  for  N.  P.  Harden,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  13,269  votes  against  10,807  votes  for  W.  H. 
Dabney,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Fenn,  Stephen  S.,  was  born  at  Watertown, 
Connecticut,  March  28,  1820;  his  parents  removed  to 
Niagara  County,  New  York,  in  1824,  where  he  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education;  removed  to 
Jackson  County,  Iowa,  in  1841,  and  there  held  sev 
eral  county  offices;  in  1850  removed  to  California, 
and  engaged  in  mining,  merchandising,  and  ranch 
ing;  again  removed  in  1862  to  that  part  of  Washing 
ton  Territory  which  became  a  part  of  the  Territory 
of  Idaho  upon  its  organization  in  1863;  there  mined, 
and  practised  law;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
Legislative  Council  in  1864,  and  re-elected  in  1865; 
was  elected  district-attorney  for  the  First  Judicial 
District  in  18G9 ;  was  again  elected  a  member  of  the 
Legislative  Assembly  in  1872,  and  served  as  speaker 
of  the  House  of  Representatives;  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Idaho 
Territory  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  2,690  votes  against  2,333  votes  for 
Thomas  W.  Bennett,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  June  23, 
1876. 

Fenner,  James,  was  born  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  in  1771;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Brown  University  in  1789 ;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Rhode  Island,  serving  from  December  2, 1805,  to  1807, 
when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  governor  of 
Rhode  Island,  which  office  he  filled  1807-1811,  1824- 
1831,  and  1843-1845;  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1821  and  1837 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1842,  and  its  president;  died  at 
Providence,  Rhode  Island,  April  17,  1846. 

Fenton,  Reuben  E.,  was  born  at  Carroll,  Chau- 
tauqua  County,  New  York,  July  1,  1819;  received 
an  academic  education ;  studied  law,  but  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  supervisor  of  Car 
roll  in  1843;  was  governor  of  the  State  of  New  York 
in  1865-1866  and  1867-1868 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
receiving  8,717  votes  against  8,661  votes  for  Crocker, 
Whig,  and  486  votes  for  Plummer,  Free-Soiler,  serving 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


391 


from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,040 
votes  against  3,43(5  votes  for  Allen,  Democrat,  and 
3,251  votes  for  Edwards,  American ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  10,018  votes 
against  4,711  votes  for  Jenks,  Democrat,  and  1,886 
votes  for  Johnson,  American ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  14,303  votes 
against  7,111  votes  for  Lee,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
11,950  votes  against  6,982  votes  for  Caldwell,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  December  10, 
1834,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  govern 
or  of  New  York;  was  elected  a  senator  from  New 
York,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Ferguson,  Fenner,  was  born  in  Rensselaer 
County,  New  York,  April  25,  1814;  received  an  aca 
demic  education ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Albany,  New  York; 
removed  to  Michigan,  where  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature ;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce 
chief  justice  of  Nebraska  in  1854;  was  elected  a  dele 
gate  from  Nebraska  Territory  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,654  votes  against 
1,607  votes  for  Bird  B.  Chapman,  Democrat,  1,386 
votes  for  Thayer,  Eepublican,  and  1,306  votes  for 
Rankin,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1859. 

Ferris,  Charles  G-.,  was  born  in  New- York 
City;  received  an  academic  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (in  place  of  Dudley  Selden,  resigned)  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1834, 
to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  21,974  votes  against 
20,862  votes  for  James  Monroe",  Whig,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Ferriss,  Orange,  was  born  at  Glenn's  Falls,  New 
York,  November  26,  1814;  was  educated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Vermont;  studied  and  practised  law;  was 
surrogate  of  Warren  County  from  1841  until  1845; 
was  judge  of  Warren  County  from  1851  iintil  1863; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,341 
votes  against  7,412  votes  for  Iloyle,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
10,428  votes  against  6,284  votes  for  Wallace,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871 ; 
was  appointed  by  General  Grant  a  member  of  the 
Southern  Claims  Commission. 

Ferry,  Orris  Sanford,  was  born  at  Bethel, 
Connecticut,  August  15,  1823;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1844;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Norwalk;  was  appointed  judge 
of  probate  in  1849;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1855  and  1856;  was  State's  attorney  for  Fairiield 
County  1856-1859;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
8,387  votes  against  8,403  votes  for  W.  D.  Bishop, 
Democrat;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  11,533  votes  against  10,966  votes  for  W.  D. 
Bishop,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  11,668  votes  against  11,739  votes  for  George 
C.  Woodruff,  Democrat ;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
July,  1861,  as  colonel  of  the  Fifth  Connecticut  Vol 
unteers;  was  promoted  brigadier-general  March  17, 
1862,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Connecticut  as  a 
Republican  (to  succeed  Lafayette  S.  Foster,  Repub 
lican)  ;  and  was  re-elected  by  a  combination  of  Inde 
pendent  Republicans  and  Democrats,  serving  from 
March  4,  18(57,  to  his  death,  caused  by  a  softening 
of  the  spinal  marrow,  at  Norwalk,  Connecticut,  No 
vember  21,  1875. 

Ferry,  Thomas  "W.,  was  born  at  Mackinae, 
Michigan,  June  1,  1827;  received  a  public-school 


education;  has  been  engaged  in  business  pursuits; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of 
Michigan  in  1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1856 ;  was  vice-president  for  Michigan  in  the  Chi 
cago  Republican  Convention  of  1860;  was  appointed 
in  1864  to  represent  Michigan  on  the  Board  of  Man 
agers  of  the  Gettysburg  Soldiers'  National  Cemetery, 
and  was  re-appointed  in  1867;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,426  votes  against  9,355 
votes  for  Frederick  Hall,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  15,306  votes 
against  8,154  votes  for  Hutchins,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  23,043 
votes  against  13,714  votes  for  Mason,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1871;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat,  having  subsequently  been  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate  to  succeed  Jacob  M. 
Howard,  Republican;  he  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate 
March  4,  1871 ;  was  chosen  president  pro  tempore 
March  9  and  19,  1875,  and  again  December  20,  1875 ; 
and  was  re-elected  for  six  years  from  March  3, 1877. 

Fessenden,  Samuel  C.,  was  born  at  New 
Gloucester,  Maine,  March  7, 1815;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1834; 
completed  his  studies  at  the  Bangor  Theological 
Seminary  in  1837 ;  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Congrega 
tional  Church  at  Thomaston  (afterwards  Rockland), 
Maine,  1838-1856;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1838;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  Rockland  Municipal  Court;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,062  votes 
against  9,090  votes  for  Johnson,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  July  4, 1831,  to  March  3, 1863 ;  was  appointed 
one  of  the  examiners  in  the  Patent  Office  in  1865. 

Fessenden,  T.  A.  D.,  was  born  at  Portland, 
Maine,  January  23,  1826;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1845;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Lewiston,  Maine;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Republican  Convention  in  1856;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1860;  was  prosecuting  -  attorney  for  Androscoggin 
County  1861-1862;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (in  place  of 
Charles  W.  Walton,  resigned)  as  a  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863;  died 
at  Lewiston,  Maine,  September  28,  1868. 

Fessenden,  William  Pitt,  was  born  at  Bos- 
cawen,  New  Hampshire,  October  16,  1806;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College 
in  1823;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1827,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bridgewater,  but 
soon  afterwards  removed  to  Portland,  Maine ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1832  and  1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  200  majority  over  Albert  Smith,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
declined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election;  was  again 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1845  and  1846 ;  was  defeated  as  a  Whig  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,905  votes 
against  5,945  votes  for  John  Appleton,  Democrat; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1853  and  1854;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Maine  as  a  Whig  (to  succeed 
J.  W.  Bradbury,  Democrat) ;  and  was  re-elected  as  a 
Republican,  serving  from  February  23,  1854,  until  he 
resigned  in  July,  1864;  was  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  secretary  of  the  treasury,  serving  from  July 
1,  1864,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  again  elected  United- 
States  senator,  serving  from  March  4,  1865,  to  his 
death,  at  Portland,  Maine,  September  8,  1869. 

Few,  W^illiam,  was  born  near  Baltimore,  Mary 
land,  June  8,  1748;  removed  with  his  family  to  North 
Carolina  in  1758;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 


392 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


menced  practice  at  Augusta,  Georgia;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  colonel,  and  distinguished  him 
self  in  several  skirmishes  with  the  British  and  Indi 
ans;  was  presiding  judge  of  the  Richmond  -county 
Court,  and  surveyor-general  in  1778;  was  a  delegate 
from  Georgia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1782 
and  1785-1788;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention 
which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1787;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Georgia,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2,  1793;  was  a 
judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Georgia  1794-1797;  re 
moved  to  New-York  City  in  July,  1799  ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New-  York  State  House  of  Representatives 
1802-1805;  was  United-States  commissioner  of  loans; 
and  died  at  Fishkill,  New  York,  July  16,  1828. 

Ficklin,  Orlando  B.,  was  born  in  Kentucky 
in  1808;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
studied  law;  graduated  at  the  Transylvania  Law 
School  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1835,  1838,  and  1842;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,425  votes  against  5,528  votes 
for  Harlan,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  receiving  6,473  votes  against  4,780  votes 
for  McLaughlin,  Independent,  and  36  votes  for  Scott, 
Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1849;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,429  votes  against  5,739  votes  for 
Ryan,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1853;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in  1856;  and  be 
came  interested  in  farming  as  well  as  in  his  pro 
fession. 

Field,  A.  P.,  claimed  to  have  been  legally 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  but  the  com 
mittee  on  elections  reported  adversely;  he  returned 
to  New  Orleans,  had  a  new  election  held,  and  re 
turned  with  a  certificate  that  he  had  received  1,377 
votes  against  1,023  votes  for  A.  P.  Dostie  ;  a  majority 
of  ths  committee  on  elections  reported  that  he  was 
entitled  to  a  seat;  but  such  was  the  opposition,  that 
no  vote  was  taken  on  the  resolution,  although  on  the 
last  day  of  the  session  he  was  voted  $2,000  for  com 
pensation,  mileage,  and  expenses. 

Field,  Moses  "W.,  was  born  at  Watertown, 
Jefferson  County,  New  York,  February  10,  1828;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  worked  upon  a 
farm;  removed  to  Michigan,  and  embarked  in  mer 
cantile  and  agricultural  pursuits;  has  been  a  mer 
chant  in  the  city  of  Detroit  for  twenty-five  years,  and 
also  interested  in  manufactures  and  real  estate  ;  was 
elected  (without  opposition)  alderman,  and  served 
two  terms;  was  elected  chairman  of  the  Board  of 
School  Inspectors  of  Hamtramc  ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,863  votes 
against  9,843  votes  for  Bagg,  Grecley  Democrat,  and 
195  votes  for  Lester  H.  Brown,  *"  straight  "  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 


Field,  Richard  S.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Princeton  ;  was  appointed  a  senator  from  New  Jer 
sey  (in  place  of  John  R.  Thompson,  deceased),  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863;  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  judge  of  the  United- 
States  District  Court  for  the  District  of  New  Jersey; 
and  died  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  May  25,  1870. 

Field,  Walbridge  Abner,  was  born  at  Spring 
field,  Vermont,  April  26,  1833;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1855  ; 
studied  law  at  Boston  and  at  the  Harvard  Law 
School,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Boston  in 
1860  ;  was  appointed  assistant  attorney  of  the  United 
States  for  Massachusetts  in  1865,  and  held  the  office 


until  April,  1869,  when  he  was  appointed  assistant 
attorney-general  of  the  United  States,  and  held  this 
office  until  August,  1870,  when  he  resigned,  and  re 
turned  to  the  practice  of  law  in  Boston ;  he  received 
the  official  certificate  that  he  had  been  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,320  votes 
against  9,315  votes  for  Benjamin  Dean,  Democrat, 
and  took  his  seat,  but  the  House  gave  it  to  Mr. 
Dean;  he  thus  served  from  October  15,  1877,  to 
March  28,  1878. 

Fields,  William  C.,  was  born  at  New-York 
City  February  13,  1804;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  went  to  Laurens,  where  he  was  justice  of 
the  peace  for  sixteen  years,  and  subsequently  super 
visor;  was  county  clerk  of  Otsego  County  for  three 
years ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,277  votes  against  13,621  votes  for  Johnson,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Fillmore,  Millard,  was  born  at  Sumner  Hill, 
Cayuga  County,  New  York,  January  7, 1800;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1823,  and  commenced  practice  at  Aurora, 
New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1829-1831 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1835 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  5,014  votes  against  2,831  votes  for  G.  P. 
Barker,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  6,682  votes  against 
3,742  votes  for  L.  J.  Roberts,  Democrat,  serving 
from  September  4, 1837,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  declined  a 
renomination ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  governor  in  1844;  was  elected  State  comptroller 
in  1847;  was  elected  Vice-President  on  the  Whig 
ticket  headed  by  Z.  Taylor  in  1848,  receiving  136 
electoral  votes  against  127  electoral  votes  for  W.  O. 
Butler;  became  President  of  the  United  States  after 
the  death  of  President  Taylor,  serving  from  July  9, 
1850,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  travelled  in  Europe ;  was  de 
feated  as  the  National-American  candidate  for  Presi 
dent  in  1856,  receiving  8  electoral  votes  against  173 
electoral  votes  for  James  Buchanan,  and  114  elect 
oral  votes  for  John  C.  Fremont;  was  president  of 
the  Buffalo  Historical  Society,  and  commanded  a 
corps  of  home  guard  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion ; 
was  stricken  with  paralysis  February  13,  1874,  and 
died  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  March  8,  1874. 

Finch,  Isaac,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at 
Jay,  Essex  County;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1S29,  to  March 
3,  1831. 

Findlay,  James  (brother  of  John  Findlay  and 
William  Findlay),  was  born  at  Mercersburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  1775;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the 
Territorial  Legislative  Council,  and  afterwards  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  served  in  the 
war  with  Great  Britain  in  1812  as  colonel  of  the 
Second  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry;  was  United-States 
receiver  of  public  moneys  at  Cincinnati ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  500  plurality ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving 
2,500  majority  over  John  Woods,  an ti- Jackson;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  5, 1825,  to  March  2, 1833;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Jackson  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  of  Ohio  in  1834  by  Robert  Lucas;  and  died 
at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  December  28,  1835. 

Findlay,  John  (brother  of  James  Findlay  and 
William  Findlay),  was  bom  at  Mercersburg,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  public-school  education ;  located  at 
Chambersburg,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  repre- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


393 


from  Pennsylvania   in    the  Seventeenth    served  in  the  Union  army  for  the  suppression  of  the 
re-elected  to  theEigh-    Rebellion;  was  elected  to  the  Missouri  legislature  as 


sentative 

Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 

teenth   Congress,    aiid   was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 


teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 
March  3,  1827;  was  appointed  postmaster  at  Cham- 
bersburg,  Pennsylvania,  and  held  the  office  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  November  5,  1838. 

Findlay,  William  (brother  of  James  Findlay 
and  John  Findlaj),  was  born  at  Mercersburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  June  20,  1768;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Franklinton,  Pennsylvania;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1797  and  1803;  was  State  treasurer  1807-1817;  was 
governor  of  Pennsylvania  1817-1820;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3, 
1827;  was  treasurer  of  the  United-States  Mint  1827- 
1840;  and  died  at  Harrisburg  November  12,  1846. 

Findley,  William,  was  born  in  Ireland  Janu 
ary  11,  1751;  received  a  parish-school  education; 
came  to  the  United  States,  and  located  at  Phila 
delphia;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  removed 
to  Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature,  and  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Third, 
Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  October 
24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thir 
teenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  Oc 
tober  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1817;  he  died  near 
Greensburg,  Pennsylvania,  April  7,  1821.  He  pub 
lished  a  "Review  of  the  Funding  System "  1794,  a 
"History  of  the  Insurrection  in  Western  Pennsyl 
vania"  1796,  and  several  political  pamphlets. 

Pine,  John,  was  born  in  New  York  August  26, 
1784;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Columbia  College,  New  York,  in  1809;  studied  law  at 
the  Litchfield  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Ogdensburg,  New  York; 
was  first  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  St. 
Lawrence  County  from  November  21,  1824,  to  April 
18,  1838;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  4,756  votes  against  4,663  votes  for  H.  Van 
Rensselaer,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  again  first  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  from  February  16,  1843,  un 
til  the  court  was  abolished  by  a  change  of  the  State 
constitution  June,  1847;  was  a  State,  senator  in  1848; 
and  died  at  Ogdensburg,  New  York,  January  4,  1867. 
Published  a  volume  of  law  lectures. 

Fink,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Somerset,  Ohio, 
September  1,  1822;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Sep 
tember,  1843;  practised  at  Somerset,  Ohio;  was  a 
State  senator  in  1851 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Whig  Convention  which  nominated  Scott  and  Gra 
ham  in  1852 ;  was  again  a  State  senator  in  1861 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,721 
votes  against  8,087  votes  for  Trimble,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  12,965  votes  against  11,349  votes  for  Job  E. 
Stevenson,  Republican,  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Ohio  in  1868;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (in  place  of  Hugh  J.  Jewett,  resigned)  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  14,090  votes  against  9,301  votes 
for  David  C.  Taylor,  Republican,  and  serving  from 
December  7,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Finkelnburg,  Gustavus  A.,  was  born  near 
Cologne,  Prussia,  April  6,  1837;  immigrated  to  Mis 
souri  with  his  family  in  1848;  received  an  academic 
education  at  St.  Charles  College,  Missouri;  graduated 
in  the  law  department  of  Ohio  University  at  Cincin 
nati  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  St.  Louis  in  1860 ; 


a  radical  in  1864;  re-elected  in  1866,  and  chosen 
speakerpro  tempore;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  11,506  votes  against  8,280  votes  for  Lind- 
ley,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  12,708  votes  against  1,350 
votes  for  A.  Van  Wormer,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Finley,  E.  B.,  resides  atBucyrus,  Ohio,  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  16,654  votes 
against  11,067  votes  for  Grosse,  and  serving  from 
October  15,  1877. 

Finley,  Jesse  J.,  was  horn  in  Wilson  County, 
Tennessee,  November  18, 1812;  received  an  academic 
education;  was  a  captain  of  mounted  volunteers  in 
the  Seminole  war  of  1836;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1838,  and  located  in  Mississippi  County, 
Arkansas,  in  1840;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
Arkansas  in  1841 ;  removed  to  Memphis,  Tennessee, 
in  1842;  resumed  the  practice  of  law,  and  was  elected 
mayor  of  Memphis  in  1845;  removed  to  Mariana, 
Florida,  in  November,  1846,  and  resumed  the  prac 
tice  of  law;  was  elected  to  the  State  Seriate  of  Florida 
in  1850;  was  elected  a  presidental  elector  on  the 
Whig  ticket  in  1852;  was  appointed  judge  of  the 
Western  Circuit  of  Florida  in  1853,  and  was  elected 
to  the  same  office  in  1855,  and  again  in  1859 ;  was  ap 
pointed  judge  of  the  Confederate-States  Court  for 
the  District  of  Florida  in  1861 ;  resigned,  and  volun 
teered  as  a  private  in  the  anny  of  the  Confederate 
States  in  March,  1862,  and  was  successively  pro 
moted  to  the  rank  of  captain,  colonel,  and  brigadier- 
general;  located  at  Lake  City,  Florida,  in  1865,  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  removed  to  Jackson 
ville,  Florida,  in  1871,  and  continued  practice  there; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Florida  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Conservative  Democrat, 
receiving  8,147  votes  against  7,804  votes  for  J.  T. 
Walls,  Republican;  claimed  a  re-election  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  against  Bisbee,  Republican,  serv- 
ingfrom  April  19,  1876. 

Finney,  Darwin  A.,  was  born  at  Shrewsbury, 
Vermont,  August  11,  1814;  removed  with  his  family 
to  Meadville,  Pennsylvania,  when  a  lad;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Meadville  Col 
lege;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac 
tised  at  Meadville;  was  twice  elected  to  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  once  to  the  State 
Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  17,106  votes  against  15,222  votes  for 
McCalmont,  Democrat,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1867,  until  his  death,  while  travelling  in  Europe, 
August  25,  1868. 

Fish,  Hamilton,  was  born  at  New- York  City 
Augusts,  1808;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Columbia  College  in  1827 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  practised  in  New 
York;  was  commissioner  of  deeds  for  the  city  and 
county  of  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  5,904  votes  against  5,699  votes  for 
McKeon,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  State  senator  in  1847; 
was  governor  of  New  York  1848-1850;  was  elect 
ed  a  senator  from  New  York,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  one  of  a  board 
of  commissioners  for  the  relief  of  Union  prisoners 
of  war  at  the  South ;  travelled  in  Europe ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  General  Grant  secretary  of  state,  serving 
from  March  11,  1869,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Joint  High  Commission  which  settled  the 
differences  between  the  United  States  and  Great 
Britain,  and  negotiated  the  Treaty  of  Washington  in 
1871;  was  president  of  the  New- York  Historical 
Society,  and  president-general  of  the  Society  of  the 
Cincinnati. 


394 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Fisher,  Charles,  was  born  in  Rowan  County, 
North  Carolina,  October  20,  1789;  was  educated 
by  private  tutors  at  Poplar  Tent  and  at  Raleigh; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never 
practised  to  any  extent;  was  a  State  senator  in  1818; 
was  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (in  the  place 
of  George  Mumford,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat  by  a 
majority  of  305  votes  over  Dr.  W.  Jones,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  by  a  large  majority 
over  John  Long,  serving  from  February  11,  1819, 
until  March  3,  1821,  when  he  declined  re-election; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1821,  1822,  1823,  1820,  1827,  1828,  1829, 
1830,  1831,  1833,  and  1836;  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1835;  was  elected  a 
representative  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  3,553  votes  against  3,370  votes 
for  Dr.  P.  Henderson,  Whig,  serving  from  December 

2,  1839,  until  March  3,  1841 ;   was  again  nominated 
for  Congress  in  1845  as  a  Democrat,  but  was  defeated, 
receiving  5,342  votes  against  5,308  votes  for  the  in 
cumbent,    D.    M.    Barringer,  Whig;    declined    the 
Democratic    nomination    for    governor    of    North 
Carolina  in  1840;   and  died,  while  travelling  at  the 
South-West,   at    Hillsborough,   Mississippi,  May  7, 
1849. 

Fisher,  David,  was  born  in  Somerset  County, 
Pennsylvania,  December  3,  1794;  removed  to  Ohio, 
where  he  was  reared  as  a  farmer,  receiving  a  scanty 
backwoods  education;  was  a  lay-preacher  and  a 
newspaper  contributor;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1842;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
as  a  Wing,  serving  from  December  0,  1847,  to  March 

3,  1849. 

Fisher,  George,  was  born  in  Oswego  County, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education; 
claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  but  the 
election  was  successfully  contested  by  Silas  Wright, 
jun.,  to  whom  the  House  awarded  the  seat  December 
15,  1829 ;  but  he  refused  to  take  it,  and  a  new  election 
was  held,  which  resulted  in  the  choice  of  Jonah 
Sanford. 

Fisher,  George  P.,  was  born  at  Milford,  Dela 
ware,  October  13,  1817;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Dickinson  College  in  1838; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and 
practised  at  Dover,  Delaware ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1843  and  1844; 
was  secretary  of  state  of  Delaware  in  184(5;  was 
confidential  clerk  of  Secretary  Clayton  in  the  Depart 
ment  of  State  at  Washington  in  1849;  was  appointed 
by  President  Taylor  a  commissioner  to  adjudicate 
claims  against  Brazil  1850-1852;  was  attorney- 
general  of  the  State  of  Delaware  1857-1800;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Union  Republican,  receiving 
7,732  votes  against  7,475  votes  for  Biggs,  Breckinridge 
Democrat,  and  701  votes  for  Reed,  Douglas  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  July  4, 1801,  to  March  4,  1803; 
was  defeated  as  the  Union-Republican  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  8,014  votes 
against  8,015  votes  for  Temple,  Democrat;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  judge  of  the  District 
Supreme  Court,  which  position  he  resigned  when 
appointed  district-attorney  for  the  District  of  Colum 
bia,  from  which  lie  was  removed  in  1875. 

Fisher,  John,  was  born  at  Londonderry,  New 
Hampshire,  March  13,  1800;  was  reared  on  his 
father's  farm,  and  subsequently  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  spent  about  twenty-one  years  in 
Hamilton,  Canada,  where  he  had  charge  of  an  iron 
manufacturing  establishment,  and  where  he  was  a 
member  of  the  city  council,  and  subsequently  mayor; 
returned  to  New  York  in  1856,  and  settled  at  Batavia; 
was  subsequently  engaged  as  a  State  commissioner 
in  erecting  the  buildings  for  the  New-York  State 
Institution  for  the  Blind  in  Batavia;  was  the  presi 
dent  of  a  fire-insurance  company ;  and  was  elected  a 


representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,432  votes 
against  10,294  votes  for  Jackson,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Fisk,  James,  was  born  in  Vermont  in  1702; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Swanton,  Vermont;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  receiving  719 
majority;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March 
2,  1815;  was  appointed  United-States  judge  for  the 
Territory  of  Indiana  in  1812,  but  declined;  was  a 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Vermont  1815-1810; 
was  elected  a  senator  from  Vermont  (in  place  of 
Dudley  Chace,  resigned),  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  April  20,  1818,  when  he  resigned;  was  col 
lector  of  customs  for  the  District  of  Vermont  1818- 
1826;  died  at  Swanton,  Vermont,  December  1,  1844. 

Fisk,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Newburg,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May 
22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  June, 
1815,  when  he  resigned,  before  having  taken  his 
seat,  to  accept  the  position  of  United-States  attorney 
for  the  Southern  District  of  New  York. 

Fitch,  Asa,  resided  at  Salem,  Washington 
County,  New  York;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  that  State  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist  by  an  average  majority  of  342  votes,  serv 
ing  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813. 

Fitch,  Graham  N.,  was  born  at  Le  Roy,  New 
York,  December  7,  1810;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine,  and  practised  at  Logansport, 
Indiana;  was  a  professor  in  the  Rush  Medical  College 
at  Chicago  1844-1849;  was  an  Indiana  presidential 
elector  in  1844,  1848,  and  1850 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  in  1830  and  1839 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,800  votes  against  8,519 
votes  for  Williamson  Wright,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
9,350  votes  against  9,118  votes  for  Colfax,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  Marcli  3,  1853; 
was  elected  a  senator  from  Indiana,  serving  from 
February  9,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  New  York 
in  1808. 

Fitch,  Thomas,  was  born  in  New-York  City 
January  27, 1838;  received  a  public-school  education; 
went  to  Milwaukee  in  1855,  and  engaged  as  clerk' 
was  local  editor  of  "  The  Milwaukee  Free  Democrat '-' 
in  1859-1800;  went  to  California  in  1800;  edited  "  The 
San  Francisco  Times"  and  "  Placerville  Repub 
lican;"  studied  law;  was  amemberof  the  California 
Assembly  in  1802-1863;  went  to  Nevada  in  June, 
1803;  was  reporter  of  the  Territorial  Supreme  Court 
in  1803;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  convention 
which  framed  the  State  constitution  in  1804;  was 
the  Union  nominee  for  Territorial  delegate  to  Con 
gress  in  1804;  was  district-attorney  of  Washoe 
County  in  1865  and  I860;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Nevada  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  about  10,000  votes  against 
about  8,000  votes  for  Anderson,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Fite,  Samuel  M.,  was  elected,  December  31, 
1834,  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  W.  Head) ;  but  he  also 
died  before  taking  his  seat,  at  the  Hot  Springs  of 
Arkansas,  October  23,  1875. 

Fitzgerald,  Thomas,  received  an  academic 
education;  served  under  General  Harrison  in  tuo 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


395 


•war  of  1812  against  Great  Britain;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  St. 
Joseph,  Michigan;  was  appointed  a  senator  from 
Michigan  (in  place  of  Lewis  Cass,  resigned),  serving 
from  June  20,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849;  died  at  Niles, 
Michigan,  March  25,  1855. 

Fitzgerald,  William,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  a  thorough  English  education ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Dresden,  Tennessee;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  4,630  votes  against  3,410 
votes  for  David  Crockett,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  by  David  Crockett,  who  had  164  majority. 

Fitzhugh,  "William,  was  born  at  "Boscobel," 

Stafford  County,  Virginia,  in  1726;  received  a  classi- 

-  cal  education  from  private  tutors ;   was  a  delegate 

from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1780; 

and  died  July  6,  1809. 

Fitzpatrick,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Greene 
County,  Georgia,  June  30,  1802;  left  an  orphan,  he 
was  taken  by  his  elder  brother  to  Alabama  in  1815 ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and  practised  until 
1829,  when  he  devoted  himself  to  planting;  was 
governor  of  Alabama  1845-1855;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Alabama  as  a  State- 
rights  Democrat  (in  place  of  Dixon  H.  Lewis,  de 
ceased),  serving  from  December  11, 1848,  to  March  3, 
1849;  was  again  appointed  a  United-States  senator 
(in  place  of  William  R.  King,  resigned),  and  was 
subsequently  elected  by  the  legislature,  serving  from 
January  20,  1853,  to  January  21,  1861,  when  he  re 
tired  from  the  Senate,  of  which  he  had  several  times 
been  president  pro  temporc;  was  an  earnest  sup 
porter  of  the  Southern  Confederacy ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in 
1866;  and  died  on  his  plantation,  near  Wetunipka, 
Alabama,  November  21,  1869. 

Fitzsimons,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Belfast, 
Ireland,  in  1741 ;  received  a  Latin-school  education ; 
emigrated  to  the  United  States,  and  entered  the 
counting-house  of  George  Meade  &  Co.  at  Phila 
delphia  as  clerk;  commanded  a  company  of  volun 
teer  home  guard  during  the  Revolutionary  war;  was 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1782-1783,  and  to  the 
United-States  Constitutional  Convention  in  1787; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  First  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Second 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Third  Congress, 
serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1795;  held 
several  local  offices;  and  died  at  Philadelphia  in 
August,  1811. 

Flagler,  Thomas  T.,  resided  at  Lockport, 
Niagara  County,  New  York;  held  several  local 
offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
5,858  votes  against  5,508  votes  for  Woods,  Democrat, 
and  1,358  votes  for  Murphy,  Free-Soiler;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,190 
votes  against  1,231  votes  for  Baker,  Democrat,  and 
962  votes  for  Chase,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  was  a  'member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1860. 

Flanagan,  J.  W.,  was  born  in  Albemarle,  Vir 
ginia,  Septembers,  1805;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  removed  in  1816  to  Kentucky,  where  he 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  was  a  justice  of 
the  peace  for  twelve  years;  removed  in  1843  to 
Texas,  where  he  studied  law,  and  entered  upon  its 
practice,  planting  cotton  also;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1851  and  1852,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1855  and  1856;  was  State  elector 
on  the  Fillmore  ticket  in  1857 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1866  and  1868; 
was  elected  by  the  convention  as  representative  to 


Congress  for  the  State  at  large  in  1869;  was  elected 
lieutenant-governor  in  1869;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Texas  as  a  Republican  on  the 
reconstruction  of  Texas,  and  served  from  March  31, 
1870,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Flanders,  Alvin,  was  born  at  Hopkinton,  New- 
Hampshire,  August  2,  1825;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  machinist's  trade  in  Boston; 
removed  to  California  in  1851,  and  was  there  engaged 
in  the  lumber  business  until  1858;  was  one  of  the 
projectors  and  proprietors  of  "The  San  Francisco 
Daily  Times;"  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  in  1861;  was  appointed  register  of  the  Hum- 
boldt  land-office ;  removed  to  Washington  Territory, 
and  engaged  in  business  there ;  was  elected  a  dele 
gate  from  Washington  Territory  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  2,368  votes  against  2,272  votes  for  Clark, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1869;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant  governor  of 
Washington  Territory,  and  served  one  year. 

Flanders,  Benjamin  F.,  was  born  at  Bristol, 
New  Hampshire,  January  26,  1816;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1842;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  New  Orleans;  edited  "The 
New -Orleans  Tropic;"  was  superintendelit  of  a 
school;  took  an  active  part  in  reconstruction;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving  2,330 
votes  against  157  votes  for  Bouligny,  Unionist,  and 
serving  from  February  23,  1863,  to  March  3,  1863; 
was  military  governor  of  Louisiana  1867-1SGS. 

Flemming,  William,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and 
represented  that  State  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1779-1781. 

Fletcher,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Vermont ;  received 
a  classical  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Vermont  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  an 
anti-Masonic  Democrat,  defeating  Henry  "F.  Janes, 
Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  by 
370  majority,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1841 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  re 
election  by  John  Mattocks,  Whig;  and  died  at  Lyn 
don,  Vermont,  October  19,  1842. 

Fletcher,  Richard,  was  born  at  Cavendish, 
Vermont,  January  8,  1788;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1806; 
studied  law  under  Daniel  Webster;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1809,  and  commenced  practice  at  Salisbury, 
New  Hampshire ;  removed  to  Boston  in  1825 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
Massachusetts;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,702  votes  against  2,949  votes  for 
Charles  Sumner,  Coalitionist,  and  59  scattering  votes; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massachusetts 
1848-1853;  received  the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  Dart 
mouth  College,  to  which  he  bequeathed  $100,000; 
and  died  at  Boston  June  21,  1869. 

Fletcher,  Thomas,  received  a  public-school 
education;  located  in  Montgomery  County,  Ken 
tucky;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in 
1803,  1805,  and  1806;  served  in  the  war  against  Great 
Britain  in  1812  as  major  of  Kentucky  volunteers 
under  General  Harrison,  and  distinguished  himself 
at  the  action  before  Fort  Meigs  May  5,  1813 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress  (in  place  of  James  Clark,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  2,  1816,  to  March  3,  1817; 
declined  a  re-election ;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1817,  1820,  1821, 
and  1825. 

Florence,  Elias,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio,  and 
located  at  Circleville,  Pickaway  County ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,429  votes  against 
4,864  votes  for  Medill,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 


396 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Florence,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  in  the  South- 
wark  District  of  Philadelphia  January .  26,  1812; 
received  a  public-school  education;  learned  the  hat 
ter's  trade,  and  went  into  business  for  himself  in 
1833;  was  for  many  years  a  prominent  member  of 
the  Volunteer  Hope  Hose  Company;  was  a  leader 
in  the  Sons  of  Temperance,  and  in  the  Brotherhood 
of  the  Union,  a  secret  organization  of  working-men; 
was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  receiving  2,832  votes  against  3,437 
votes  for  L.  C.  Levin,  Whig  Native  American;  and 
was  again  defeated  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  3,358  votes  against  4,095  votes  for  L.  C. 
Levin ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,352  votes  against  4,104  votes  for  L. 
C.  Levin;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,937  votes  against  3,290  votes  for 
Price;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  0,439  votes  against  5,999  votes  for  E.  Joy 
Morris,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,495  votes  against  7,275  votes  for 
Knight,  Union;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  0,823  votes  against  0,492 
votes  for  Ryan,  Republican,  and  2,442  for  Nebingcr, 
anti-Lecompton  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1861;  edited  "The  National 
Democratic  Review;"  established  and  edited  in  1803 
"The  Washington  Constitutional  Union,"  and  in 
1868  "The  Washington  Sunday  Gazette;"  retaining 
his  legal  residence  at  Philadelphia,  he  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  in  his  old  district  for 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  11,913  votes  against 
14,533  votes  for  C.  O'Neill,  Republican;  met  with  an 
accident  to  his  right  foot  during  the  canvass,  which 
caused  inflammation,  followed  by  dry  gangrene, 
which  finally  proved  fatal;  he  was  again  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,970  votes  against  9,637  votes  for 
Chapman  Freeman,  Republican,  and  2,370  votes  for 
David  Branson,  Independent  Republican ;  he  would 
have  contested  the  election,  but  he  died  at  Washing 
ton  City  July  3,  1875. 

Flournoy,  Thomas  S.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Halifax ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  AVhig,  receiving  one 
majority  over  T.  H.  Averctt,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  1,206  votes  against  1,450  votes 
for  Averett,  Democrat;  entered  the  Confederate 
army,  and  was  killed  in  battle  in  Virginia  in  June, 
1864. 

Floyd,  Charles  A.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  piiblic-school  education;  resided  at  Corn- 
mac,  Suffolk  County;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1836  and  1838;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,009  votes  against 
4,880  votes  for  William  P.  Buffett,  Whig,  and  serv 
ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Floyd,  John,  was  born  at  Beaufort,  South  Car 
olina,  October  3,  1769;  removed  in  1791  with  his 
father  to  Georgia,  where  they  were  successful  as 
builders  of  boats  for  river-navigation ;  served  in  the 
war  with  Great  Britain  of  1812  as  brigadier-general 
in  the  expeditions  against  the  Creek  Indians,  who 
were  supplied  with  arms  and  ammunition  by  the 
British;  was  several  times  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  Decembers,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829;  and  died 
near  Jefferson,  Georgia,  June  24,  1839. 

Floyd,  John,  father  of  John  B.  Floyd,  was 
born  in  Jefferson  County,  Virginia;  received  an 
academic  education;  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fifteenth  Con 


gress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  defeating  Colonel 
McClanahan,  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Six 
teenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and 
Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  governor  of  Virginia 
1829-1S34;  after  having  been  a  personal  friend  and 
stanch  supporter  of  Jefferson,  Sladison,  Crawford, 
and  Jackson,  he  became  incensed  by  the  proclama 
tion  of  the  latter  against  nullification,  and  opposed 
him ;  he  died  at  the  Sweet  Springs,  Virginia,  August 
10,1837. 

Floyd,  John  G.,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at 
Utica ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1839-1843;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  9,280  votes  against  8,362  votes 
for  C.  P.  Kirkland,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  11,775  votes 
against  11,328  votes  for  Thomas  H.  Bond,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  again  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  4,125  votes 
against  3,661  votes  for  Rose,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Floyd,  "William,  was  born  at  Brookhaven,  New 
York,  December  17,  1734 ;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  took  an  active  part  in  the  ante-Revolutionary 
movements ;  was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1777,  signing  the  Declara 
tion  of  Independence  when  the  British  were  upon 
his  estate ;  was  a  State  senator  1777-1778 ;  was  again 
a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1783;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  First 
Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3, 
1791 ;  removed  in  1794  to  Western,  in  Oneida  County, 
then  a  wilderness ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1800, 
1804,  and  1820;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1801;  was  again  elected  State 
senator  in  1808;  and  died  at  Western,  New  York, 
August  4,  1821. 

Fogg,  George  G.,  was  born  at  Meredith,  Bel- 
knap  County,  New  Hampshire,  May  26, 1815 ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege  in  1839;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1842,  and  commenced  practice  at  Gilmanton,  New 
Hampshire ;  was  secretary  of  state  of  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1840;  became  an  editor  of  "The  Independ 
ent  Democrat,"  then  published  at  Manchester  in 
1847,  and  afterwards  at  Concord,  and  was  editor-in- 
chief  1S54-1801 ;  was  reporter  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  1S56-1800;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
minister  resident  at  Switzerland,  serving  from  March 
28, 1861,  to  October  10, 1805;  was  appointed  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  Hampshire  as  a  Republican 
(in  place  of  Daniel  Clark,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  3,  1800,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Foley,  James  B.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Greens- 
burg,  Indiana;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,451  votes  against 
8,998  votes  for  Cumback,  Republican,  and  serving 
from  December  7,  1857;  to  March  3,  1859. 

Folger,  "Walter,  jun.,  was  born  at  Nantucket, 
Massachusetts;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  a  State  senator  1809-181 5  and  in  1822.;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Folsom,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  September  18,  1726;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  served  in  the  Seven  Years'  War  as 
captain  of  a  company  in  Colonel  Blanchard's  regi 
ment;  was  successively  major,  lieutenant-colonel, 
and  colonel  of  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  New-Hamp 
shire  Militia,  which  he  commanded  at  the  commence 
ment  of  the  Revolutionary  war ;  was  appointed  by  the 
Convention  of  New  Hampshire,  April  21, 1775,  briga- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


397 


dier-gcncral  to  command  the  New-Hampshire  troops 
sent  to  Massachusetts,  and  served  during  the  siege  of 
Boston;  was  promoted  major-general,  and  made  the 
details  of  troops  sent  from  New  Hampshire  to  Ticon- 
deroga ;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1775  and  1777-1780;  was 
executive  councillor  in  1778;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1783,  and  its 
president;  and  died  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  May 
20,  1790. 

Poote,  Samuel  Augustus,  was  born  at  Chesh 
ire,  Connecticut,  Novembers,  1780;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  171)7; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  New  Haven ;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives,  and  twice  its  speaker ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  0,  1811), 
to  March  3,  1821 ;  and  was  again  elected  to  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1825;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Connecticut,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to 
March  2,  1833;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  re 
election  as  United-States  senator  by  Nathan  Smith ; 
was  again  elected  a  representative  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
May  9,  1834,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected 
governor  of  Connecticut;  served  as  governor  1834- 
1835;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  and 
Frelinghuysen  ticket  in  1844;  and  died  at  Cheshire, 
Connecticut,  September  15,  1846.  He  was  the  father 
of  Admiral  Foote,  U.S.N. 

Foot,  Solomon,  was  born  at  Cornwall,  Addison 
County,  Vermont,  November  19,  1802;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Middlcbury  College 
in  1826;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Rutland,  Vermont;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,098  votes 
against  4,920  votes  for  Harrington,  Democrat,  508 
votes  for  Theall,  Abolitionist,  and  07  votes  scatter 
ing;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1847;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  clerk  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  December,  1849;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Vermont  as  a 
Republican ;  and  was  twice  re-elected,  serving  from 
December  1,  1857,  to  March  28,  1860,  when  he  died, 
having  served  several  times  as  president  pro  tcmporc. 

Foote,  Charles  A.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3, 1825 ;  and  died  at  Delhi,  New  York,  August 
1,  1828. 

Foote,  Henry  Stuart,  was  born  in  Fauquicr 
County,  Virginia,  September  20,  1800;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Washington  Col 
lege,  Virginia,  in  1819;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1822,  and  commenced  practice  at  Tuscuin- 
bia,  Alabama,  in  1824,  removing  in  1820  to  Jackson, 
Mississippi ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Mississippi  as  a  Unionist,  serving  from  December  6, 
1847,  to  the  fall  of  1852,  when  he  resigned  to  success 
fully  canvass  the  State  as  Union  candidate  for  gov 
ernor  against  Jefferson  Davis,  Secessionist;  was 
governor  of  Mississippi  1852-1854 ;  removed  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1854;  returned  to  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  in 
1858;  was  a  member  of  the  Southern  Convention  at 
Knoxville  in  1809,  and  spoke  against  disunion;  was 
a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  First  and 
Second  Confederate  Congresses ;  removed  to  Wash 
ington  City,  where  he  practised  law.  He  published 
"Texas  and  the  Texans"  1841,  a  "History  of  the 
Southern  Struggle"  1840,  and  a  volume  of  "Per 
sonal  Reminiscences." 

Forbes,  James,  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1780. 

Ford,  James,  resided  at  Lawrenceville,  Penn 
sylvania;  held  several  local  ofiices;  was  elected  a 


representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Ford,  W^illiam  D.,  was  born  at  Providence, 
Rhode  Island;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Jefferson  County,  New  York;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1816- 
1817 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  died  "at  Watertown,  New 
York. 

Forester,  John  B.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at 
McMinnsville;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving 
500  majority  over  J.  C.  Isacks;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  1,234  majority 
over  P.  Burum,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1S37. 

Forker,  Samuel  C.,  was  born  at  Mount  Holly, 
New  Jersey,  March  10,  1821;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  is  director  and  cashier  of  the  Bor- 
dentown  Banking  Company ;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,899  votes 
against  15,452  votes  for  W.  A.  Newell,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Fornance,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Norristown, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4.527  votes  against  3,723  votes  for  Joseph  Royer, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  4,480  votes  against  3,601  votes 
for  Potts,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
March  3,  1843. 

Forney,  Daniel  M.  (the  eldest  son  of  Peter 
Forney),  was  born  in  Lincoln  County,  North  Caro 
lina,  in  May,  1784;  filled  several  local  ofiices;  was 
major  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  1818,  when  he  resigned;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Munroe  in  1820  a  commissioner 
to  treat  with  the  Creek  Indians ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1823,  1824,  1825, 
and  1826;  removed  to  Alabama  in  1834;  and  died 
in  Lowndes  County,  Alabama,  in  October,  1847. 

Forney,  Peter,  was  born  in  Lincoln  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  April,  1750;  was  a  Revolutionary 
soldier;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  iron;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina 
in  1794,  1795,  and  17CG,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1801  and  1802;  was  elected  a  representatis'e  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1815;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Jefferson  ticket  in  1809,  the  Madison  ticket  in  1813, 
the  Munroe  ticket  in  1817,  and  the  Jackson  tickets  in 
1825  and  1829;  died  at  his  hospitable  home,  known 
as  "  Mount  Welcome,"  Lincoln  County,  North  Caro 
lina,  February  1,  1834. 

Forney,  William  Henry,  was  born  at  Lin- 
colnton,  North  Carolina,  November  9, 1823 ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
Alabama  in  1844;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico  as 
a  first  lieutenant  in  the  First  Regiment  of  Alabama 
Volunteers ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1848,  and  practised ;  was  elected  by  the  legislature  of 
Alabama  a  trustee  of  the  University  of  Alabama,  and 
served  1851-1800 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  of  Alabama  1859-1800 ;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  at  the  commencement  of  hostilities 
in  1861  as  captain,  and  was  successively  promoted 
major,  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and  brigadier- 
general  ;  surrendered  at  Appomattox  Court  House ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Alabama  1865- 
1866,  serving  until  the  State  was  reconstructed; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 


398 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


106,080  votes  against  89,909  votes  for  C.  C.  Sheets, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  De 
cember  0,  1875. 

Forrest,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  0, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  receiving  4,798  votes 
against  10,735  votes  for  Henry  Baldwin ;  but  he  was 
subsequently  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  William  Milnor,  resigned  to  serve  as  sheriff), 
serving  from  December  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1823; 
and  died  at  Philadelphia  March  20,  1825. 

Forrest,  Uriah,  was  horn  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  served  in  the 
Maryland  line  during  the  Revolutionary  war;  was 
wounded  at  Germantown,  and  lost  a  leg  at  the 
Brandywine ;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1780-1787 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Third  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  November  8,  1794, 
when  he  resigned;  and  died  near  Georgetown,  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia,  in  1805. 

Forsyth,  John,  was  born  at  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia,  October  2, 1780;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1799;  re 
moved  with  his  father  to  Charleston,  and  afterwards 
to  Augusta,  Georgia;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1802,  and  commenced  practice  at  Augusta; 
was  attorney-general  of  Georgia  1808;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  May 
24,  1813,  to  November  23,  1818,  when  he  was  elected 
United-States  senator,  and  took  his  seat ;  he  resigned 
February  15,  1819,  having  been  appointed  minister 
to  Spain,  where  he  served  until  March  2,  1823;  was 
again  elected  a  representative  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827; 
was  again  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Geor 
gia  (in  place  of  J.  McPherson  Berrien,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  8,  1829,  to  June  27,  1834, 
when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  secretary 
of  state  by  President  Jackson;  was  continued  in 
office  by  President  Van  Buren,  serving  until  March 
3,  1841;  and  died  at  Washington  City,  of  bilious 
fever,  October  21,  1841. 

Fort,  Greenbury  L.,  was  born  in  Ohio  Octo 
ber,  17,  1825;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Illinois  in 
April,  1834;  was  raised  on  a  farm;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lacon;  was 
elected  sheriff,  clerk  circuit  court,  and  county  judge ; 
volunteered  in  the  Union  army  April  22,  1801,  and 
was  mustered  out  of  the  service  March  24,  1860;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Illinois  in  1866;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,461 
votes  against  8,504  votes  for  George  O.  Barnes,  the 
Coalition  candidate ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,753  votes  against  7,403 
votes  for  J.  G.  Bayne,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,001  votes 
against  12,211  votes  for  G.  W.  Parker,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Fort,  Tomlinson,  of  Millcdgeville,  Georgia,  was 
born  in  1787 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied 
medicine,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1810;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
•Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  on  a  general 
ticket,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3, 
1829;  resumed  practice;  was  chosen  president  of  the 
State  Bank  of  Georgia  in  1832,  and  held  the  position 
until  his  death,  at  Milledgeville,  May  11,  1859. 

Forward,  Chauncey  (brother  of  Walter  For 
ward),  was  born  at  Old  Granby,  Connecticut,  in  1793; 
removed  with  his  father  to  Ohio  in,  1800 ;  received  a 


classical  education,  studying  at  Jefferson  College; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Pittsburg  in 
1817,  and  commenced  practice  at  Somerset;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Alexander 
Thomson,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1826,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was 
appointed  by  the  governor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1831 
prothonotary  and  recorder  of  Somerset  County;  iden 
tified  himself  with  the  Baptist  Church,  and  became 
noted  as  a  lay-preacher ;  and  died  at  Somerset,  Penn 
sylvania,  October  19,  1839. 

~  Forward,  W^alter,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in 
1786;  received  an  academic  education;  removed  to 
Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1803 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1806,  and  practised  until  1826 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Henry  Bald 
win,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a  majority 
of  755  votes  over  Pentland ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1822, 
to  March  3,  1825;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  in  1837 ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Harrison  first  comptroller  of  the  treasury  April 
6,  1841,  serving  until  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Tyler  secretary  of  the  treasury  September  13,  1841, 
and  serving  until  March  1,  1843:  resumed  practice; 
was  appointed  by  President  Taylor  cfiarye  d'affaires 
to  Denmark,  serving  from  November  8,  1849,  to  Oc 
tober  10,  1851 ;  returned  to  serve  as  president-judge 
of  the  District  Court  of  Alleghany  County,  to  which 
he  had  been  elected;  was  attacked  by  illness  while 
on  the  bench,  and  died  the  second  day  afterwards,  at 
Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  November  24,  1842. 

Fosdick,  Nicoll,  was  born  at  New  London, 
Connecticut,  November  9,  1785;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  removed  to  Norway,  New  York; 
was  a  presidcntal  elector  on  the  Monroe  and  Tomp- 
kins  ticket  in  1816;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1818-1819;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1825, 
to  March  3,  1827 ;  returned  to  New  London  in  1843, 
and  was  collector  of  customs  there  1849-1853 ;  died 
at  New  London  May  7,  1868. 

Foster,  Abiel,  was  born  at  Andover,  Massachu 
setts,  Augusts,  1735;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1756;  studied 
theology;  was  ordained  over  the  Congregational 
Church  at  Canterbury,  New  Hampshire,  January 
21,  1761,  and  remained  its  minister  until  1779;  was 
a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1783-1784;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  1784-1788;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  the  First  Congress  from  New  Hampshire,  serv 
ing  from  August  14,  1789,  until  March  3,  1791 ;  was 
president  of  the  State  Senate  of  New  Hampshire  in 
1793-1794;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  until 
March  8,  1803 ;  and  died  at  Canterbury,  New  Hamp 
shire,  February  6,  1806. 

Foster,  A.  Lawrence,  resided  at  Morrisville, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
10,826  votes  against  10,757  votes  for  William  J. 
Hough,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  May  31,  1841, 
to  March  3,  1843. 

Foster,  Charles,  was  born  in  Seneca  County, 
Ohio,  April  12,  1828;  was  educated  at  the  common 
schools  and  the  academy  at  Norwalk,  Ohio ;  engaged 
in  mercantile  and  banking  business,  and  never  held 
any  public  office  until  he  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  13,274  votes  against  12,498  votes  for  EdAvard  F. 
Dickinson,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  14,997  votes  against  14,27l 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


399 


votes  for  E.  E.  Sloane,  Liberal  Republican ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republi 
can,  receiving  13,778  votes  against  13,619  votes  for 
Seney,  Democrat,  and  289  votes  for  Mead,  Temper 
ance  candidate;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  17,324  votes  against  17,053  votes 
for  Hudson,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871. 

Foster,  Dwight,  was  born  at  Brookfield,  Mas 
sachusetts,  December  7,  1757;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1774 ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Brookfield ;  was  high  sheriff  of 
Worcester  County,  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  and  afterwards  chief  justice;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  as 
a  Federalist  in  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3, 
1799;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  1799;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Massachusetts  (in  place  of  Samuel  Dexter,  re 
signed),  serving  from  Jiine  0,  1800,  to  March  3,  1803; 
and  died  at  Brookfield,  Massachusetts,  April  29, 
1823. 

Foster,  Ephraim  H.,  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Nashville,  Tennessee;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Tennessee  (in  place  of 
Felix  Grundy,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  defeating  W. 
Carroll,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1838,  to  March  3,  1839,  when  he  resigned  because  he 
would  not  obey  instructions  given  him  by  the  legis 
lature  ;  he  was  again  elected  a  United-States  senator, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845; 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  of 
Tennessee,  receiving  5(5,805  votes  against  58,275  votes 
for  Aaron  V.  Brown,  Democrat;  died  at  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  September  4,  1854. 

Foster,  Henry  A.,  resided  at  Rome,  New  York ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  a  State 
senator  1831-1834;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1839 ;  was  again  a  State  senator  1841-1844 ;  was  ap 
pointed  a  United-States  senator  from  New  York  (in 
place  of  Silas  Wright,  jun.,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  9,  1844,  to  January  27,  1847,  when  his  suc 
cessor  took  his  scat;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Fifth 
District  of  the  Supreme  Court  November  3,  1803,  to 
November,  1869. 

Foster,  Henry  Donnel,  was  born  at  Mercer, 
Pennsylvania,  December  19,  1812;  received  a  liberal 
education  at  Alleghany  College,  Meadville,  Pennsyl 
vania;  studied  law,  and  practises  the  profession; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
no  opposition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twcnty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1847 ;  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  of  the  legislature  of  Pennsylvania  in  1840 
and  1847 ;  was  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1860;  was  a  candidate  for  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  but  did  not  secure  the  seat;  and 
was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,399  votes  against  11,009  votes 
for  A.  Stewart,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Foster,  Lafayette  S.,  was  born  at  Franklin, 
Connecticut,  November  22,  1800;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1828; 
studied  law  with  Hon.  Calvin  Goddard,  and  at 
Centreville,  Maryland,  where  he  taught  school  for  a 
year;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Centreville  in  1830, 
and  again  at  Norwich  in  1831;  commenced  practice 
at  Norwich ;  removed  to  Hampton  in  1833,  but  re 
turned  in  1835  to  Norwich,  where  he  afterwards 
practised;  was  a  member  of  the  State  General 
Assembly  in  1839, 1840,  1846,  1847,  1848,  and  1854, 
serving  the  last  three  years  as  speaker ;  was  defeated 


as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1850,  1851, 
and  for  United-States  senator  in  1851 ;  was  mayor  of 
Norwich  in  1851,  1852;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Connecticut  as  a  Republican,  and  was 
re-elected,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1867,  and  acting  as  president  pro  tempore  of  the 
Senate  after  the  promotion  of  Vice-President  Johnson 
to  be  President;  was  elected  professor  of  law  at  Yale 
College  in  1869 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Connecticut  1870-1870;  was  defeated  as  tho 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,444  votes  against  5,818  votes  for 
H.  II.  Starkweather. 

Foster,  Nathaniel  GK,  was  born  in  Greene 
County,  Georgia,  August  25,  1809;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Franklin  College  in 
1839;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in"l831, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Madison,  Georgia;  was 
a  State  senator  and  representative;  was  for  three 
years  solicitor-general  of  the  Ocmulgee  Circuit;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  4,792 
votes  against  4,580  votes  for  Stephens,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 1857. 

Foster,  Stephen  C.,  was  born  at  Machias, 
Maine,  December  24,  1799;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  blacksmith's  trade,  but  be 
came  a  dealer  in  lumber  and  a  ship-builder;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1834— 
1837;  was  a  State  senator  and  president  of  the  Senate 
in  1840;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1847;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  8,503  votes  against  7,507  votes  for  Arno 
Wiswell,  Coalition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,297  votes  against  7,804 
votes  for  Bradbury,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Foster,  Theodore,  was  born  at  Brookfield, 
Massachusetts,  April  29,  1752,  old  style;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Rhode-Island 
College  (now  Brown  University)  in  1770,  and  again 
at  Dartmouth  College  in  1780;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Provi 
dence,  Rhode  Island;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1776-1782;  was  town-clerk 
of  Providence  for  many  years ;  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Admiralty  in  May,  1785;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island,  and  twice 
re-elected,  serving  from  December  7,  1790,  until 
March  3,  1803;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1812-1816,  representing  the  town  of 
Foster,  which  bore  his  name;  was  an  antiquarian 
student,  and  collected  the  materials  fora  "History 
of  Rhode  Island,"  but  never  completed  it;  and  died 
at  Providence  January  13,  1828. 

Foster,  Thomas  P.,  was  born  at  Grcensbo rough, 
Georgia,  November  23, 1790;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Franklin  College  in  1812;  stud 
ied  law  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1816,  and  commenced  practice  at  Greens- 
borough  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat 
on  a  general  ticket;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  on  a  general  ticket,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  on  a  general 
ticket,  receiving  24,690  votes  against  18,878  votes  for 
Stewart,  Whig,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  3,  1835 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
25,337  votes  against  27,510  votes  for  George  W. 
Owens,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  sen-ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1843;  and  died  at  Columbus  in  1847. 

Foster,  Thomas  J.,  was  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  First  and  Second  Confederate  Con 
gresses;  his  political  disabilities  were  removed  by 
President  Johnson ;  he  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and  his 


400 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


credentials  were  presented  in  the  House  January  10, 
1SU7,  but  they  were  not  acted  upon. 

Foster,  W"ilder  D.,  was  born  in  Orange  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  January  8,  1819;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  moved  to  Michigan  in  1837  while 
an  apprentice  to  the  tinner's  trade;  entered  into  the 
general  hardware  business  in  Grand  Rapids  in  1845; 
was  city  treasurer  and  alderman  of  that  city,  and 
was  elected  mayor  in  1854;  was  elected  State  senator 
for  1855  and  1850 ;  was  again  elected  mayor  of  Grand 
Rapids  in  1805  and  1800;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Michigan  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Republican  in  April,  1871  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occa 
sioned  by  the  election  of  Thomas  W.  Ferry  to  the 
United-States  Senate),  receiving  19,437  votes  against 
13,95(5  votes  for  William  M.  Ferry,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4.  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Fouke,  Philip  B.,  was  born  at  Kaskaskia, 
Illinois,  January  23,  1818;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  a  civil  engineer;  established  "The 
Belleville  Advocate"  in  1841,  and  published  it  for 
four  years;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice;  was  prosccuting-attorney 
for  the  Kaskaskia  District  1840-1850 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Illinois  legislature  in  1851 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,490  votes  against  8,410 
votes  for  Baker,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,581  votes  against  13,240  votes  for  Gillespie,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1859,  until  March  4, 
1803;  was  colonel  of  Illinois  volunteers  in  18G1-18G2; 
resumed  practice,  and  died  at  Washington  October  3, 
1870. 

Fowler,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1755 ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  captain ;  removed  to  Lexing 
ton,  Kentucky,  soon  after  peace  was  declared;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fifth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh, 
Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15, 
1797,  to  March  3,  1807;  and  died  at  Lexington,  Ken 
tucky,  August  22,  1840. 

Fowler,  Joseph  Smith,  was  born  at  Steubcn- 
villc,  Ohio,  August  31,  1822;  graduated  at  Franklin 
College,  Ohio,  and  was  afterwards  its  professor  of 
mathematics  for  four  years ;  studied  law  in  Kentucky, 
and  went  to  Tennessee,  where  he  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  appointed  by  Governor  Johnson  comptrol 
ler  of  Tennessee,  and  took  an  active  part  in  recon 
structing  the  State  Government ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Tennessee  as  a  Union  Republican 
after  the  reconstruction  of  that  State,  and  took  his 
seat  July  25,  1800,  serving  until  March  3,  1871. 

Fowler,  Orin,  was  born  at  Lebanon,  Connecti 
cut,  July  29,  1791;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1815 ;  studied  theology 
under  Dr.  Dwight;  performed  an  extensive  mission 
ary  tour  in  the  Valley  of  the  Mississippi,  and,  on  his 
return  in  1819,  was  settled  as  minister  of  a  society 
at  Plainfield,  Connecticut;  removed  to  Fall  River, 
Massachusetts,  in  1829,  and  was  the  pastor  of  a  soci 
ety  there  for  twenty  years,  serving  several  times  as  a 
State  representative  and  State  senator;  was  elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free-soil  Whig,  re 
ceiving  5,170  votes  against  3,497  votes  for  Morton, 
Van  Buren  Democrat,  and  2,418  votes  for  Hooper, 
Cass  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Free-soil  Whig,  receiving  0,800  votes 
against  3,047  votes  for  Little,  Coalitionist,  301  votes 
for  Atwood,  147  votes  for  Baylies,  Whig,  and  35  scat- 


Fowler,  Samuel,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1779;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  medi 
cine  ;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and  located  at  Ham 
burg,  New  Jersey;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jack- 
BOU  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  23,808 


votes  against  23,780  votes  for  Wright,  Clay  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  30,905  votes  against  29,229  votes  for  Wright, 
Clay  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  died  at  Hamburg,  New  Jersey,  Feb 
ruary  21,  1844. 

Fox,  John,  was  born  at  New  York  June  30, 
1835;  received  a  public-school  education;  engaged  in 
mechanical  pursuits ;  was  an  alderman  and  a  super 
visor  in  New- York  City;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  14,003  votes  against  3,743  votes  for 
Horace  Greeley,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  20,074  votes 
against  4,024  votes  for  Lewis,  Republican. 

Franchat,  Richard,  was  born  at  Morris,  New 
York,  in  1810;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  civil  engineering ;  became  interested  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits;  engaged  in  the  construction  of 
railroads,  and  was  for  some  years  president  of  the 
Albany  and  Susquehanna  Railroad  Company;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,310 
votes  against  8,542  votes  for  Walworth,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  and 
died  at  Schenectady,  New  York,  November  23,  1875. 

Francis,  John  Brown,  was  born  at  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  May  31,  1794;  his  father  dying 
soon  afterwards,  he  was  reared  by  Nicholas  Brown  of 
Providence,  Rhode  Island ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1808 ;  at 
tended  the  Litchfield  Law  School,  but  never  practised ; 
gave  great  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  was 
secretary  of  the  State  Agricultural  Society ;  was  a 
representative  from  Warwick  in  the  State  legislature 
in  1824,  1820-1828,  and  1832 ;  was  elected  governor  in 
1832  as  a  Jackson  and  anti-Masonic  candidate,  and 
served  until  1838;  was  State  senator  in  1843;  was 
chancellor  of  Brown  University  1841-1854;  was  elect 
ed  a  United-States  senator  (in  place  of  William 
Sprague,  resigned)  as  a  Law-and-Ordcr  candidate, 
having  41  majority  over  Christopher  Spencer,  Dorr- 
ite,  and  serving  from  February  7,  1844,  to  March  3, 
1845;  was  again  State  senator  1847,  1849,  1852-1854; 
and  died  at  Warwick,  Rhode  Island,  August  9,  1804. 

Frank,  Augustus,  was  born  at  Warsaw,  New 
York,  July  17,  1820;  received  a  business  education, 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,917  votes 
against  5,355  votes  for  Skinner,  Democrat,  and  2,204 
votes  for  Black,  American;  was  re-elected  .to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  15,342  votes 
against  7,389  votes  for  Robinson,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  10,470  votes  against  9,027  votes  for  Hunt,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
18(55. 

Franklin,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  17, 1700;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  art  of  printing,  and,  after 
working  as  a  journeyman  at  Philadelphia  and  Lon 
don,  established  himself  at  Philadelphia;  was  State 
printer;  was  postmaster  at  Philadelphia;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Provincial  Assembly  1744-1754;  was  a 
member  of  several  Indian  commissions;  was  ap 
pointed  postmaster-general  of  the  British  North- 
American  colonies;  was  agent  of  Pennsylvania  at 
London ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1775-1770,  signing  the  Declaration  of  Independence ; 
was  sent  as  a  diplomatic  commissioner  to  France  by 
the  Continental  Congress  1778-1785;  was  governor 
of  Pennsylvania  1785-1788;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Convention  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution ; 
and  died  at  Philadelphia.  He  published  "Poor 
Richard's  Almanac,"  several  works  on  electricity, 
and  numerous  political  pamphlets;  and  left  an  auto 
biography,  which  has  been  published  by  Jared  Sparks 
and  John  Bigelow. 

Franklin,  Benjamin  J.,  was  born  in  Mason 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


401 


County,  Kentucky ;  was  educated  at  private  schools, 
and  at  an  early  age  entered  Bethany  College,  West 
Virginia,  remaining  there  only  two  years;  taught 
school  twelve  months;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1857,  and  commenced  practice  at  Leaven- 
worth,  Kansas;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1800,  and 
located  at  Kansas  City;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  as  a  private ;  was  promoted  captain,  and  served 
throughout  the  Avar;  was  elected  Commonwealth's 
attorney  of  the  Twenty-fourth  Judicial  Circuit  of 
Missouri  in  March,  1871;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,546  votes  against  3,595  votes 
for  J.  P.  Alexander,  Independent,  and  2,920  votes  for 
W.  H.  Powell,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,229  votes  against 
7,100  votes  for  D.  S.  Twitchell,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  ti,  1875. 

Franklin,  Jesse,  was  born  in  Surry  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1758;  served  as  major  in  the  Rev 
olutionary  war;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1794,  1797,  and  1798, 
and  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1805  and  1800 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  until 
March  3,  1797;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
in  1799,  serving  from  March  4,  1799,  until  March  3, 
1805;  was  again  elected  a  United-States  senator  in 
1807,  serving  from  March  4,  1807,  until  March  3, 
1813;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1820-1821; 
and  died  in  Surry  County,  North  Carolina,  in  Sep 
tember,  1823. 

Franklin,  John  R.,  was  born  near  Snow  Hill, 
Maiyland,  May  0,1820;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Jefferson  College  in  1830;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Snow  Hill,  Maryland ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1843,  and  again 
iu  1859,  serving  the  last  term  as  speaker ;  was  chosen 
president  of  the  State  Board  of  Public  Works  in  1851 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,815 
votes  against  5,127  votes  for  Stevenson,  Independent, 
and  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Franklin,  Meshach,  was  born  in  Surry  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1772;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1800,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1828  and  1829;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  as  a  Democrat  in  the 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  October  20,  1807,  until  March 
3,  1815;  he  died  in  Surry  County,  North  Carolina, 
December  18,  1839. 

Freedley,  John,  was  born  at  Norristown,  Penn 
sylvania,  May  22,  1793 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  worked  for  some  years  in  a  brick-yard ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820,  and  practised 
at  Norristown;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  0,655  votes  against  0,477  votes  for  McKeever, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1851 ;  died  at  Norristown,  Pennsylvania,  December 
8,  1851. 

Freeman,  Chapman,  was  bom  at  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  October  8,  1832;  was  educated 
at  public  and  private  schools,  graduating  at  the  Phil 
adelphia  High  School  in  July,  1850;  commenced  the 
study  of  the  law,  but  became  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  until  after  the  breaking-out  of  the  civil  war; 
entered  the  United-States  navy  as  acting  assistant 
paymaster  in  1863;  was  attached  to  the  United-States 
steamer  "  Iron  Age  "  at  the  time  of  her  destruction  at 
Lockwood's  Folly  Inlet,  off  the  coast  of  North  Car 
olina,  and  afterwards  on  special  duty  in  Eastern 
Carolina  during  the  attack  on  New  Berne,  Little 
Washington,  and  Plymouth,  in  February,  1864;  re 
signed  in  consequence  of  impaired  health  in  1864; 
resumed  the  study  of  the  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1867,  and  practised  at  Philadelphia;  was  one 


of  the  commissioners  on  behalf  of  the  Centennial 
from  the  city  of  Philadelphia  to  Vienna,  Austria,  in 
1873;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  9,037  votes  against  7,970  votes  for 
Thomas  B.  Florence,  Democrat,  and  2,370  votes  for 
David  Branson,  Independent  Republican ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,021 
votes  against  11,231  votes  for  John  S.  Thackara, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Freeman,  George  C.,  served  in  the  Confed 
erate  army  as  major,  and  lost  a  leg  in  action ;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
and  his  credentials  were  presented ;  but  he  was  not 
admitted  to  a  seat. 

Freeman,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Jones  Coun 
ty,  Georgia,  April  1,  1820 ;  received  a  common-school 
education;  never  studied  any  profession;  was  a 
planter;  was  an  old-line  Whig  in  politics;  opposed 
secession;  was  a  Union  man  before,  during,  and 
after  the  war;  and  never  held  any  office  before  he 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,910 
votes  against  10,631  votes  for  L.  J.  Glenn,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Freeman,  John  D.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Jack 
son,  Mississippi;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving  7,774  votes  against 
7,241  votes  forMcWillie,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Freeman,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1745;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  an  executive  councillor  from  1789  to  1797 ;  was  an 
overseer  of  Dartmouth  College  1793-1808 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Fifth 
Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  and  died 
in  1808. 

Freeman,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Dennis,  Mas 
sachusetts,  April  8,  1741 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Sandwich,  Massachusetts,  in  1765,  also  turning  his 
attention  to  the  law,  which  he  studied  and  practised ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  colonel ;  was  regis 
ter  of  probate  for  Barnstable  County  1775-1822 ;  was 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Barnstable 
County  1775-1811;  was  brigadier-general  of  militia 
1781-1793 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1799;  and  died 
at  Sandwich,  Massachusetts,  September  20,  1827. 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick,  was  born  in  New 
Jersey  April  13,  1753;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1770;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was 
a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1775,  1778-1779,  and  1782;  served  in  the 
Revolution  as  captain  and  colonel,  and  in  1790  was 
appointed  by  President  Washington  brigadier-general 
in  the  campaign  against  the  Western  Indians  in  1790; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey 
as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to 
179(5,  when  he  resigned;  and  died  April  13,  1804. 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick  T.  (nephew  and 
adopted  son  of  Theodore  Frelinghuysen),  was  born 
at  Milltown,  New  Jersey,  August  4, 1817 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Rutgers  College  in 
1836;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839, 
and  practised  at  Newark,  New  Jersey;  was  appointed 
attorney-general  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey  in  1861, 
and  re-appointed  iiilSOO;  was  appointed  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  Jersey  as  a  Republican  (to 
fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  William 
Wright),  and  was  elected  to  fill  the  unexpired  term, 
serving  from  December  3,  1866,  to  March  3,  1869; 
was  again  elected  a  United-States  senator  (to  succeed 
A.  G.  Cattell,  Republican),  serving  from  March  4. 
1871,  to  March  3,  1877;  he  was  offered  position  of 


402 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


minister  to  Great  Britain  by  President  Grant,  but 
declined  it. 

Frelinghuysen,  Theodore  (son  of  Frederick 
FrelhiEchuysen),  was  born  at  Mill  town,  New  Jersey, 
If  arch  28, 1787;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Princeton  College  in  1804;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  tbe  bar  in  1808,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Newark,  New  Jersey ;  was  a  captain  of  volunteer 
militia  during  the  war  with  Great  Britain  of  1812 ;  was 
attorney-general  of  New  Jersey  1817-1829;  was  de 
feated  when  a  candidate  for  election  as  United-States 
senator  in  1820  by  E.  Bateman,  who  was  elected  by 
his  own  vote;  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Sen 
ate  as  an  Adams  Republican,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1829,  until  March  3,  1833 ;  was  mayor  of  Newark, 
New  Jersey,  1837-1838 ;  was  chancellor  of  the  New- 
York  University  1839-1850;  was  defeated  as  the 
Whig  candidate  for  Vice-President  in  1844,  receiving 
1,291,043  votes  against  1,339,013  votes  for  Dallas, 
Democrat,  and  66,31)4  votes  for  Morris,  Free-Soiler; 
was  president  of  the  American  Bible  Society,  the 
American  Board  of  Foreign  Missions,  the  American 
Tract  Society,  and  the  American  Temperance  Union, 
and  was  prominently  connected  with  several  kindred 
organizations ;  was  president  of  Rutgers  College  from 
1850  until  his  death  at  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey, 
April  12,  1862. 

Fremont,  John  Charles,  was  born  at  Savan 
nah,  Georgia,  January  21,  1813;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Charleston  College  in  1830 ; 
was  instructor  in  mathematics  in  the  United-States 
navy  1833-1835 ;  became  a  civil  engineer,  and  was  an 
assistant  of  Nicollet  in  1838-1839  in  exploring  the 
country  between  the  Missouri  River  and  the  northern 
boundary  of  the  United  States ;  was  appointed  second 
lieutenant  of  topographical  engineers,  United-States 
army,  July  7, 1838 ;  commenced  in  1842  his  explora 
tions  and  surveys  for  an  overland  route  from  the 
Mississippi  to  the  Pacific;  was  major  commanding 
a  battalion  of  California  volunteers  from  July  to  No 
vember,  1846;  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of 
United-States  Mounted  Rifles  in  1846,  and  ordered  to 
act  as  governor  of  California  by  Commodore  Stock 
ton,  who  commanded  the  United-States  squadron  at 
San  Francisco ;  General  Kearney,  United-States  ar 
my,  revoked  this  order,  and  placed  him  under  arrest 
for  mutiny;  he  was  tried  by  court-martial  at  Wash 
ington,  found  guilty,  and  pardoned  by  President 
Polk,  but  he  resigned ;  crossed  the  continent  in  1848, 
and  located  in  California  on  the  Mariposa  grant; 
was  a  commissioner  in  1849  to  run  the  boundary-line 
between  the  United  States  and  Mexico;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  California  as  a  Free-soil 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  10, 1850,  to  March 
3,1851;  crossed  the  continent  for  the  fifth  time  in 
1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
President  in  1S56,  receiving  114  electoral  votes  against 
174  electoral  votes  for  James  Buchanan;  visited  Eu 
rope  in  1860;  was  appointed  major-general  of  volun 
teers  by  President  Lincoln  May  14,  1861,  and  placed 
in  command  of  the  western  military  district,  from 
which  he  was  removed  November  2,  1861;  was  ap 
pointed  to  command  the  mountain  department  Feb 
ruary  10,  1862,  and  resigned  in  1863;  was  again  nom 
inated  for  President  by  the  Cleveland  Convention  in 
1864,  but  received  no  electoral  votes.  He  published 
"Fremont's  Explorations"  1859,  and  a  number  of 
reports  giving  accounts  of  his  expeditions. 

French,  Ezra  B.,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
received  an  academic  education ;  removed  to  Maine, 
and  settled  at  Damariscotta ;  was  secretary  of  state 
of  Maine ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  8,994  votes  against  8,931  votes  for  Johnson, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1861 ;  was  appointed  second  auditor  of  the 
treasury  August  3,  1861,  and  continued  in  office  by 
Presidents  Johnson,  Grant,  and  Hayes. 

French,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Gilmanton,  New 
Hampshire,  May  28,  1819;  learned  the  art  of  print 


ing  in  the  office  of  "The  New-Hampshire  States 
man"  at  Concord;  was  for  live  years  publisher  and 
associate  editor  of  "The  New-Hampshire  States 
man;"  was  for  two  years  editor  of  "  The  Eastern 
Journal  "  at  Biddeford,  Maine;  removed  in  1854  to 
Lake  County,  Ohio,  and  was  an  editor  for  six  years, 
first  of  "The  Telegraph,"  afterwards  of  "'The 
Press,"  and,  during  the  presidential  campaign  of 
1856,  of  "The  Cleveland  Morning  Leader ;"  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1858  and  1859;  received  in  1861  an  appointment  from 
Secretary  Chase  in  the  Treasury  Department  at  Wash 
ington  ;  wae  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  in  1864 
one  of  the  board  of  direct  tax  commissioners  for  the 
State  of  North  Carolina,  and  removed  there ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1867 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  14,793  votes  against  10,346  votes  for  Gillam, 
Conservative,  serving  from  July  6,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1869;  was  elected  sergeant-at-arms  of  the  Senate  in 
December,  1870. 

French,  Richard,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Mount  Sterlixig; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1820  and  1822; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jackson  and  Van 
Buren  ticket  in  1829;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  312  majority  over  T.  A.  Mar 
shall,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  Richard  H. 
Menesse,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,481  votes  against  8,073 
votes  for  Landaff  W.  Andrews,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  6,473 
votes  against  6,166  votes  for  Cox,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Frick,  Henry,  was  born  at  Northumberland, 
Pennsylvania,  1795;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  learned  the  art  of  printing  at  Philadelphia; 
served  as  a  private  in  the  war  with  Great  Britain  of 
1812 ;  located  in  1816  at  Milton,  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  established  a  political  journal,  which  he  con 
ducted  for  upwards  of  twenty  years ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1828-1831 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,430 
votes  against  5,181  votes  for  Snyder,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  1,  1844, 
when  he  died  of  consumption  at  Washington  City. 

Fries,  George,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  studied  medicine, 
and  practised  at  Hanoverton,  Ohio;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1, 1845,  to  March  3, 1849;  and 
died  November  13,  1866. 

Fromentin,  Elegius,  was  born  in  Louisiana; 
received  a  classical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  New  Orleans; 
was  United-States  senator  from  Louisiana,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819 ;  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  Criminal  Court  at  New  Orleans  in  1821 ; 
was  appointed  United-States  district-judge  for  the 
district  of  Florida  in  January,  1822,  but  soon  re 
signed,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  New  Or 
leans.  His  wife  died  of  yellow  fever,  and  he  followed 
her  within  twenty-four  hours,  at  New  Orleans,  Oc 
tober  6,  1822.  He  published  "Observations  on  a 
Bill  respecting  Land-Titles  in  Orleans." 

Frost,  George,  was  born  at  New  Castle,  New 
Hampshire,  April  26,  1720;  received  a  public-school 
education;  entered  the  counting-house  of  his  uncle, 
Sir  William  Pepperill,  at  Kittery  Point,  near  Ports 
mouth,  and  then  followed  the  seas  for  twenty  years 
as  supercargo  and  captain;  returned  to  New  Castle  ir 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


403 


1760,  and  in  1770  removed  to  Durham ;  was  a  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Stafford  County 
1773-17K1,  and  for  some  years  the  chief  justice;  was 
a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1777-1779;  was  executive  councillor  1781- 
1784;  and  died  at  Durham,  New  Hampshire,  June 
21,  1790. 

Frost,  Joel,  was  born  in  Westchester  County, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1800-1810;  removed  to  Schenectady;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1825. 

Frost,  Robert  Graham,  of  St.  Louis,  claimed 
to  have  been  elected  a  representative  from  the  Third 
District  of  Missouri  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  de 
feating  L.  S.  Metcalfe,  to  whom  the  certificate  of 
election  was  given. 

Frost,  Rufus  S.,  was  born  at  Marlborough,  New 
Hampshire,  July  18,  1820,  and  removed  in  1833  to 
Boston,  where  he  received  his  education  principally 
in  the  public  schools;  he  entered  a  wholesale  dry- 
goods  store  early  in  life,  and  after  he  was  twenty-one 
years  of  age  was  actively  engaged  in  the  dry-goods  com 
mission  business  and  in  manufacturing;  was  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Chelsea  in  1807  and  1808;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  in  1871  and  1872, 
and  of  the  governor's  council  in  1873  and  1874; 
and  was  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican  (but  the  House  gave  the  seat 
to  J.  G.  Abbott,  Democrat,  who  had  contested  the 
election),  and  served  from  December  0,  1875,  until 
July  28,  1870. 

Fry,  Jacob,  jun.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Fry- 
burg,  Clarion  County;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1839. 

Fry,  Joseph,  jun.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  resided  at  Fry  burg,  Clarion  County;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March 
3,  1831. 

Frye,  "William  P.,  was  born  at  Lewiston,  Maine, 
September  2,  1831 ;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College, 
Maine,  in  1850;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1801,  1802,  and 
1807 ;  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  Lewiston  in  1800  and 
1807 ;  was  attorney-general  of  the  State  of  Maine  in 
18o7, 1808,  and  1809;  arid  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  10,245  votes  against  7,028  votes 
for  A.  Black,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  13,550  votes  against  9,455 
votes  for  A.  Garalon,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,088  votes 
against  0,073  votes  for  P.  Clark,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  13,- 
C83  votes  against  10,223  votes  for  S.  Clifford  Belcher, 
Democrat,  and  550  votes  for  Solon  Chase,  Green- 
backer,  serving  from  March  4,  1871. 

Fuller,  Beaoni  S.,  was  born  in  "Warrick  County, 
Indiana,  November  13,  1825,  and  brought  up  on  a 
farm,  receiving  a  common-school  education;  when 
twenty-one  years  of  age  he  b.ecame  a  school-teacher ; 
was  elected  sheriff  in  1856,  and  re-elected  in  1858; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Plouse  of  Representatives 
in  1860  and  1808,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1802, 
187',  and  1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  12,804  votes  against  12,527  votes  for  Heil- 
nian,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,727  votes  against  13,158 
votes  for  C.  A.  De  Bruler,  Republican,  and  serving 
from  December  0,  1875. 


Fuller,  George,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Mont- 
rose;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (in  place  of  Almon 
H.  Read,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1844,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Fuller,  Henry  M.,  was  born  at  Bethany,  Penn 
sylvania,  January  3,  1820;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Nassau  Hall,  Princeton,  in 
1839;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Wilkesbarre;  was  elected  to  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1848;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,210  votes 
against  0,157  votes  for  H.  B.  Wright,  Opposition, 
and  served  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853, 
his  election  having  been  unsuccessfully  contested  by 
Mr.  Wright;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  by  Hendrick  B.  Wright, 
who  obtained  100  majority;  was  again  elected  to'the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,115  votes  against 
7,087  votes  for  H.  B.  Wright,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  died  at 
Philadelphia  December  26,  1860. 

Fuller,  Philo  C.,  resided  at  Geneseo,  Livingston 
County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1830;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  1830,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  second  assistant  postmaster-general 
1841-1843;  was  comptroller  of  New  York  from  De 
cember  18,  1850,  to  November  4,  1851 ;  died  at  Ge 
neva,  New  York,  August  10,  1855. 

Fuller,  Thomas  J.  D.,  was  born  at  Hard  wick, 
Caledonia  County,  Vermont,  March  17, 18C8;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Calais, 
Maine;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,819  votes  against  4,269  votes  for  Downes,  Whig, 
and  061  votes  for  Redman,  Van  Buren  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
4,814  votes  against  4,629  votes  for  James  S.  Pike,Whig, 
710  votes  for  S.  C.  Foster^  Free-Soil,  and  39  scattering ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
6,283  votes  against  5,280  votes  for  Robinson,  Whig, 
328  votes  for  S.  C.  Foster,  Free-Soil,  and  54  scatter 
ing;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,713  votes  against  4,307  votes  for 
J.  A.  Milliken,  Republican,  2,G99  votes  for  M. 
Smith,  jun.,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1857";  his  election  was  unsucccssfully 
contested  in  1857  by  James  A.  Milliken;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Buchanan  second  auditor  of 
the  treasury,  serving  from  April  15,  1857,  to  August 
3, 1801;  practised  law  at  Washington,  and  died  at  the 
country  residence  of  his  son,  near  that  city,  in  1876. 

Fuller,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Chilmark,  Mas 
sachusetts,  July  11,  1778;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1801 ;  taught 
in  Leicester  Academy;  studied  law  under  Levi  Lin 
coln  at  Worcester;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Boston,  residing  at  Cambridge; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Massachusetts 
1813-1817,  and  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1825 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democratic 
Republican,  opposed  to  the  Federalists;  was  succes 
sively  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  January  2, 
1818,  until  March  3,  1825;  was  a  State  councillor  in 
1828;  was  again  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1831  from  Grotpn,  to  which  place  he 
had  removed,  and  where  he  died  suddenly  of  Asiatic 
cholera  October  1,  1835. 

Fuller,  William  K.,  resided  at  Chittenango, 
New  York;  was  adjutant-general  of  New  York  in 
1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1829  and  1830 ;  was  elected  a  represen- 


404 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837. 

Fullerton,  David,  was  born  in  the  Cumberland 
Valley,  Pennsylvania,  in  1772;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  located  at  Greencastle;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  1820,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  burned  in  effigy  by  some 
of  his  constituents  at  Carlisle,  and  positively  de 
clined  a  renomination;  was  president  of  the  bank 
at  Greencastle,  and  died  there  February  1,  1843. 

Fulton,  Andrew  S.,  was  born  near  Wytheville, 
Virginia;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirti 
eth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  2,084  votes  against 
2,078  votes  for  McMullen,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Fulton,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Abington,  Vir 
ginia;  received  a  classical  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  2,021  votes  against 
1,237  votes  for  Byass,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
by  George  W.  Hopkins,  Democrat. 

Fulton,  William  S.,  was  born  in  Cecil  County, 
Maryland,  June  2,  1795;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Baltimore  College  in  1813;  com 
menced  the  study  of  law  with  William  Pinckney,  but 
served  in  the  war  against  Great  Britain  of  1812  in  a 
company  of  volunteers  stationed  at  Fort  McHenry ; 
removed  to  Tennessee  with  his  fathers  family  after 
peace  had  been  declared,  and  resumed  his  legal 
studies  with  Felix  Grundy;  was  military  secretary  to 
General  Jackson  during  his  Florida  campaign  in 
1818;  located  in  Alabama;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jackson  secretary  of  state  of  the  Territory  of 
Arkansas  in  1829;  was  governor  of  Arkansas  1835- 
1836;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Ar 
kansas  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1830,  to  August  15,  1844,  when  he  died  near  Little 
Kock,  Arkansas. 

Gage,  Joshua,  was  born  in  Massachusetts;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1805-1808,  1813, 
and  1814;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1820  and  1821,  and  was  an  executive  coun 
cillor  in  1822  and  1823. 

Gaillard,  John,  was  born  in  St.  Stephen's  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina,  September  5,  1705 ;  received  a 
classical  education;  was  elected  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  South  Carolina  (in  place  of  Pierce  Butler, 
resigned),  serving  from  January  31,  1805,  until  he 
died  at  Washington  City  February  26,  1826.  He 
was  chosen  president  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  in 
the  Eleventh,  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth, 
Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses. 

Gaines,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Walton,  Ken 
tucky;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Walton;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  major  in 
Marshall's  Kentucky  cavalry  volunteers;  was  made 
prisoner  at  Incarnacion  in  January,  1847;  was  ap 
pointed  volunteer  aide-de-camp  to  General  Scott,  and 
distinguished  himself  in  the  battle  of  El  Molino ;  was 
elected,  while  he  was  in  captivity,  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  7,496  votes  against  7,382  votes  for  Lucius 
Desha,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  6, 1847, 
to  March  3, 1849 ;  was  appoint  ed  by  President  Fillmore 
governor  of  the  Territory  of  Oregon,  serving  1850- 
1853;  ^remained  in  Oregon,  and  died  there  in  1858. 

Gaither,  Nathan,  was  born  at  Columbia,  Ken 
tucky,  in  1785 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied 


medicine,  and  practised  at  Columbia ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1815-1818; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jackson  and  Cal- 
houn  ticket  in  1829;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  defeating 
Martin  Beatty,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  2,  1833;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1849;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1861 ;  and  died  at 
Columbia,  Kentucky,  in  1862. 

Galbraith,  John,  was  born  at  Franklin,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Franklin ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  for  several  terms;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,189  votes  against 
5,918  votes  for  David  Dick,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  appointed 
president-judge  for  the  Sixth  Judicial  District;  and 
died  at  Erie,  Pennsylvania,  June  15,  1860. 

Gale,  George,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  that  State  in  the  First  Congress, 
serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791. 

Gale,  Levin,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  resided 
at  Elkton;  received  a  public-school  education;  he 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827, 
to  March  3,  1829. 

Gallatin,  Albert,  was  born  at  Geneva,  Switzer 
land,  January  29,  1761;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Geneva  in  1779; 
declined  a  military  commission  offered  him  by  the 
landgrave  of  Hesse-Cassel ;  sailed  from  Brest,  and 
landed  at  Boston  July  14,  1780;  served  with  a  body 
of  Revolutionary  troops  at  Machias,  Maine;  was  in 
structor  of  French  at  Harvard  College  in  1782 ;  prose 
cuted  the  claim  of  a  European  house  against  the 
State  of  Virginia  at  Richmond  1783-1784;  purchased 
a  large  tract  of  land  in  Fayette  County,  Pennsyl 
vania  (then  under  the  jurisdiction  of  Virginia), 
settled  there,  and  became  a  naturalized  citizen  in 
1785;  was  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1789 ;  was  elected  to  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1790-1792;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  as  a  Democrat,  and  at 
tempted  to  take  his  seat  December  2,  1793,  but  it 
was  urged  that  he  had  not  been  naturalized  a  suf 
ficient  length  of  time  to  be  eligible,  and  his  election 
was  declared  void  February  28,  1794;  he  was  again 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  but  declined ;  was  the  counsel  of  the  "Whiskey- 
Insurrection  "  leaders;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  H.  M.  Brackenridge ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 1795,  until 
March  3,  1801;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the  treas 
ury  by  President  Jefferson  January  26,  1802;  was 
re-appointed  by  President  Madison,  and  held  the 
office  until  February  9,  1814,  when  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  joint  ministers  plenipotentiary  to  nego 
tiate  the  Treaty  of  Ghent,  which  was  signed  Decem 
ber  24,  1814;  was  one  of  the  commission  which  nego 
tiated  a  commercial  convention  with  Great  Britain 
in  1815 ;  was  minister  plenipotentiary  to  France  from 
February  28,  1815,  until  May  16,  1823,  within  which 
time  he  was  deputed  to  the  Netherlands  in  1817,  and 
to  Great  Britain  in  1818;  was  minister  plenipoten 
tiary  to  Great  Britain  from  May  10,  1826,  until  Octo 
ber  4,  1827;  returned  to  New- York  City;  became 
president  of  the  National  Bank,  and  identified  him 
self  with  historical,  literary,  and  scientific  pursuits; 
he  died  at  the  residence  of  his  son-in-law,  at  Astoria, 
August  12,  1849.  » 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


405 


GallegOS,  Jose  M.,  was  born  in  Rio  Arriba 
County,  New  Mexico,  November  14,  1815 ;  was  edu 
cated  at  the  public  schools  of  Santa  Fe  and  the 
Academy  of  Taos ;  studied  philosophy  and  theology  at 
the  College  of  Durango,  republic  of  Mexico,  where  he 
graduated  in  1840 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative  As 
sembly  of  what  was  then  the  department  of  New  Mex 
ico,  republic  of  Mexico,  in  1843-1846 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  First  Legislative  Assembly  of  the  Territory  of 
New  Mexico,  United  States,  in  1850  and  1851 ;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico 
in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
539  majority  over  Lane,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853;  his  election  was  successfully  contested  by 
Miguel  A.  Otero,  who  took  his  seat  July  23,  1856 ; 
was  speaker  of  the  Territorial  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1860,  1861,  and  1862;  was  quartermaster- 
general  of  the  Territorial  militia,  and  treasurer  of  the 
Territory  for  five  years ;  was  made  prisoner  of  war 
by  the  Texas  Confederate  troops  under  General 
Sibley  in  1862,  and  subjected  to  a  very  rigorous  con 
finement;  was  superintendent  of  Indian  affairs  in 
New  Mexico  in  1868;  and  was  elected  delegate  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a 
majority  of  2,500  votes  over  J.  F.  Chaves,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Galloway,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1730;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Philadel 
phia;  was  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Colonial 
House  of  Representatives  in  1764 ;  was  a  delegate 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1775 ; 
remained  loyal  to  the  king,  joined  the  British  army 
in  New  York  in  December,  1775,  and  went  in  1778 
to  England,  where  he  died  August  29,  1803.  He 
published  a  number  of  political  pamphlets. 

Galloway,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania,  March  20,  1811;  removed  in  1830  to 
Highland  County,  Ohio;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Miami  University  in  1833;  was 
professor  of  Greek  at  Miami  University,  and  after 
wards  professor  of  languages  at  South-Hanover  Col 
lege,  Indiana;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1842,  and  commenced  practice  in  partnership  with 
N.  Massie  at  Chillicothe,  Ohio ;  was  elected  secretary 
of  state,  and  removed  to  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  1844; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,698 
votes  against  6,930  votes  for  Edson  B.  Olds,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  a  candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  but  was  defeated,  receiving  8,582 
votes  against  8,938  votes  for  S.  S.  Cox,  Democrat, 
and  851  votes  for  Stanberry ;  was  again  a  candidate 
for  election  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
10,131  rotes  against  11,014  votes  for  S.  S.  Cox; 
rendered  important  legal  services  to  the  "War  Depart 
ment  of  the  United  States  during  the  war  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Rebellion ;  was  a  leading  delegate 
at  meetings  of  the  Presbyterian  Church;  died  at  Co 
lumbus,  Ohio,  April  5,  1872. 

Gallup,  Albert,  was  born  at  New  Berne,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
sheriff  of  Albany  County  1831-1834;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Septem 
ber  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  5, 145  votes  against  5,680  votes  for  D.  D. 
Barnard,  Whig;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk 
collector  of  customs  at  Albany;  and  died  at  Provi 
dence,  Rhode  Island,  in  1851. 

Gamble,  James,  was  born  in  Lycoming  County, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Jersey  Shore ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,832  votes  against 
6,172  votes  for  Armstrong,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  8,742  votes , 


against  6,026  votes  for  Irwin,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Gamble,  Roger  L.,  was  born  in  Jefferson  Coun 
ty,  Georgia;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Louisville;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  State- 
rights  Democrat,  receiving  23,632  votes  against 
18,475  votes  for  Harris,  Whig,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  27,947  votes  against  30,811  votes 
for  J.  F.  Cleveland,  Union  candidate;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Har 
rison  Whig,  receiving  39,254  votes  against  35,311 
votes  for  Alfred  Iverson,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  33,249  votes  against  35,307 
votes  for  John  B.  Lamar,  Democrat ;  was  a  judge  of 
the  Superior  Court  of  Georgia;  and  died  at  Louis 
ville,  Georgia,  December  20,  1847. 

Gannett,  Barzillai,  was  born  inMassaclmsetts; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1785;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  for  four  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eleventh  Congress, 
serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Gansevoort,  Leonard,  was  born  at  Albany, 
New  York,  and  represented  that  State  in  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  serving  1787-1788. 

Ganson,  John,  was  born  at  Le  Roy,  New  York, 
January  1,  1818;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1839;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Buffalo; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1862;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  12,400  votes  against  8,985  votes  for  Spauld- 
ing,  Union,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1865 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Re 
publican  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1864;  and  died 
at  Buffalo,  New  York,  September  28, 1874. 

Gardenier,  Barent,  was  born  in  Ulster  County, 
New  York;  received  an  academic  education;  held 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  Federal 
ist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  a  majority  of  500  votes  over  W.  Denning, 
Democrat,  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March 
3,  1811 ;  and  died  at  Kingston,  Ulster  County,  Janu 
ary  10,  1822. 

Gardner,  Francis,  was  born  at  Leominster, 
Massachusetts,  December  27,  1771;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College; 
studied  theology,  and  was  the  pastor  of  a  church  in 
New  Hampshire ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809 ;  and  died  at  Rox- 
bury,  Massachusetts,  June  25,  1835. 

Gardner,  Gideon,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eleventh  Con- 
ress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Gardner,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  represented  that  State  in  the  Continental  Con- 
ress  1784-1785. 

Gardner,  Mills,  was  born  in  Russcllville,  Brown 
County,  Ohio,  January  30,  1830 ;  removed  to  Fayette 
County  in  1854;  received  a  common-school  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Washington  Court  House; 
was  prosecuting-attorney  of  Faycttc  County  for  four 
years ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in 
1862-1864;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln 
ticket  in  1864;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1863-1868;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Ohio  in  1873 ;  and 
was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub- 


406 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


lican,  receiving  16,549  votes  against  16,098  votes  for 
John  S.  Savage,  Democrat. 

Garfield,  James  A.,  was  born  in  Orange,  Cuya- 
hoga  County,  Ohio,  November  19,  1831 ;  graduated 
at  "Williams  College,  Massachusetts,  in  1856;  was 
president  of  a  literary  institution  for  several  years ; 
studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1859  and  I860 ;  entered  the 
Union  army  in  1861  as  colonel  of  the  Forty-second 
Ohio  Volunteers ;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  briga 
dier-general  January  10,  1862;  was  appointed  chief 
of  staff  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  major-general  September  20, 
1863 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
13,288  votes  against  6,763  votes  for  Wood,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  18,086  votes  against  6,315  votes  for  H.  H.  Moses, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  18,362  votes  against  7,376  votes  for  Cool- 
man,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  20,187  votes  against  9,759  votes 
for  McEwen,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  13,538  votes  against  7,263 
votes  for  Howard,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  19,189  votes  against 
8,245  votes  for  M.  Sutliff,  Liberal  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  12,591  votes  against  6,245  votes  for 
Woods,  and  391  votes  for  Price,  Prohibitionist;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
20,012  votes  against  11,349  votes  for  Casern,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863. 

Garfielde,  Selucius,  was  born  in  Shoreham, 
Vermont,  December  8,  1822;  removed  to  Kentucky 
in  early  life;  finished  his  collegiate  course  at  Au 
gusta  College ;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
in  1849  was  elected  a  member  of  the  convention  to 
revise  the  State  Constitution,  and  spent  the  follow 
ing  year  in  South-American  travel ;  emigrated  to 
California  in  1851;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  that  State  in  1852,  and  in  1853  was 
selected  by  that  body  to  codify  the  laws  of  the  State; 
returned  to  Kentucky  in  1854 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Cincinnati  National  Convention  in  1856,  and  an 
elector  during  that  canvass ;  removed  to  Washington 
Territory  in  1857,  where  he  filled  the  position  of  re 
ceiver  of  public  moneys  to  1860;  in  1861  he  was  nom 
inated  for  Congress,  but  beaten  by  the  secession 
wing  of  the  Democratic  party ;  wras  surveyor-general 
from  1866  to  1869,  when  he  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Washington  Territory  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  2,743  votes  against 
2,595  votes  for  Moore,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  3,469  votes 
against  2,734  votes  for  Mix,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Garland,  Augustus  H.,  was  bom  in  Tipton 
County,  Tennessee,  June  11,  1832 ;  in  1833  his  parents 
removed  to  Arkansas ;  received  a  classical  education 
at  St.  Mary's  College  and  St.  Joseph's  College  in 
Kentucky;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice  in  1853  at  Washington,  Arkansas,  where  he  then 
lived;  in  1856  he  removed  to  Little  Rock;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Convention  that  passed  the 
ordinance  of  secession  in  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Provisional  Congress  that  met  at  Montgomery,  Ala 
bama,  in  May,  1861,  and  subsequently  of  the  Con 
federate  Congress,  serving  in  both  Houses,  and  being 
in  the  Senate  when  the  war  closed ;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  from  Arkansas  for  the 
term  beginning  March  4,  1867,  but  was  not  admitted 
to  his  seat;  made  the  test-oath  case  as  to  lawyers  in 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  and  gained 
it  (see  Garland  ex  parti,  4  Wallace);  followed  the 
practice  of  law  until  the  fall  of  1874,  when  he  was 
elected  governor  of  Arkansas  without  opposition; 
was  elected  in  January,  1867,  by  the  legislature  of 
Arkansas,  without  opposition,  to  the  United-States 
Senate,  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed  Powell  Clayton, 


Republican),  and  took  his  seat  March  5,  1877.  His 
term  of  service  will  expire  March  3,  1883. 

Garland,  David  S.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress  (in  place  of  Wilson  C.  Nicholas,  resigned) 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  January  17,  1310,  to 
March  3,  1811 ;  died  at  his  home  in  Virginia  October 
7,  1841. 

Garland,  James,  was  born  in  Nelson  County, 
Virginia,  in  1792 ;  received  a  thorough  English  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and 
practised  at  Lovingston ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1829;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,690  votes  against 
6,300  votes  for  W.  F.  Gordon,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841; 
removed  to  Lynchburg,  and  was  judge  of  the  Hust 
ings  Court  of  that  city  for  many  years,  having 
reached  his  eighty-fourth  birthday,  when  he  was 
last  re-elected  by  the  legislature  of  Virginia,  in 
March,  1876. 

Garland,  Rice,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Opelousas, 
Louisiana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisi 
ana  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  Henry 
A.  Bullard,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  defeating  J.  Craw 
ford  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
defeating  Robert  Triplet;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-Sixth  Congresses  without 
opposition,  serving  from  April  28,  1834,  to  July  21, 
1840,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Louisiana. 

Garnett,  James  M.,  was  born  at  Elmwood, 
Essex  County,  Virginia,  June  8,  1770;  received  an 
academic  education;  served  several  terms  in  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Ninth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1829;  was  president  of  the  Fredericksburg  Agricul 
tural  Society  for  upwards  of  twenty  years ;  and  died 
at  Elmwood,  Virginia,  May  7,  1843. 

Garnett,  Muscoe  R.  H.,  was  born  in  Essex 
County,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Lovett's,  Virginia;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1853-1856;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  (in  place  of  Thomas  H.  Bayly,  de 
ceased)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
filth  Congress,  receiving  1,112  majority  over  ditcher, 
American ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  without  opposition,  serving  from  December  1, 
1856,  to  March  3, 1861 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Conventions  at  Baltimore  in  1852,  and  at 
Cincinnati  in  1856;  was  a  member  from  Virginia  of 
the  First  Confederate  Congress. 

Garnett,  Robert  S.,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
Virginia;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Lloyd's;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  Avas 
re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
1,  1817,  to  March  3, 1827. 

Garnsey,  Daniel  G.,  was  born  in  Saratoga 
County,  New  York;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Pomfret,  New  York;  was  district- 
attorney  of  Chautauqua  County  from  June  11,  1818, 
to  March  4, 1825 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  by  2,000 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


407 


majority  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  removed  to  Kock  Island, 
Illinois;  was  president  of  the  Harrison  celebration 
at  Galena  July  4,  1840. 

Garrett,  Abraham  B.,  was  born  in  Overton 
March  0, 1830 ;  received  his  early  education  in  country 
schools,  and  was  afterward  at  Poplar-spring  College, 
Kentucky;  studied  law,  but  was  by  occupation  a 
farmer;  served  in  the  Union  army  during  the  war; 
was  elected  to  the  Lower  House  of  the  legislature  of 
Tennessee  in  1865,  and  to  the  State  Senate  in  18G7; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,675  votes  against  4,116  votes  for  W.  H.  Stokes, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Garrison,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Salem,  New 
Jersey ;  received  an  academic  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Garrow,  Nathaniel,  received  a  public-school 
education;  resided  at  Auburn;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth  Congress 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Garth.  William  "W.,  was  b°rn  in  Morgan 
County.  Alabama;  received  a  classical  education  at 
La  Grange,  and  at  Emory  and  Henry  College,  Vir 
ginia;  studied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  atHuntsville, 
Alabama;  and  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,529  votes  against 
8,910  votes  for  McClellan,  Independent  Democrat. 

Gartrell,  Lucius  J.,  was  born  near  Washing 
ton,  Georgia,  January  7,  1821 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  which  was  completed  at  Randolph-Macon 
College,  Virginia,  and  Franklin  College,  Georgia; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Atlanta,  Georgia;  was  elected  by  the  State  legisla 
ture  in  1843  solicitor-general  of  the  Northern  Judicial 
Circuit,  and  resigned  in  1847;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1847-1850;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  and  Breckin- 
ridge  ticket  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,008  votes  against  6,939  votes  for 
M.  M.  Tidwell,  American ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,877  votes  against 
6,053  votes  for  Wright,  Opposition,  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  January  23,  1861,  when  he  re 
tired  from  the  House,  and  gave  his  adherence  to  the 
Southern  Confederacy;  was  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  First  Confederate  Congress ;  was  ap 
pointed  in  1864  brigadier-general  in  the  Confederate 
service,  and  placed  in  command  of  the  Second 
Brigade  of  Georgia  Reserves. 

Garvin,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Mercer, 
Pennsylvania;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3, 1847. 

Gaston,  William,  was  born  at  New  Berne,  North 
Carolina,  September  19,  1778;  received  a  classical 
education;  was  a  student  at  Georgetown  (District  of 
Columbia)  College,  and  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  1790;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1798,  and  attained  the  head  of  the  legal  profession  in 
the  State ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in.lSOO ; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1808,  1809,  serving  the  first  year  as 
speaker;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1809;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
as  an  anti-administration  candidate,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  24.  1813,  until  March  3,  1817;  was  again  elected 
to  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  (to  fill 
a  vacancy)  in  1827;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  North  Carolina  in  1834,  and  held  the  posi 


tion  until  his  death;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1835;  declined  a  nomination  to 
the  United-States  Senate  in  1840 ;  and  died  at  Raleigh, 
North  Carolina,  January  23, 1844. 

Gates,  Seth  Merrill,  was  born  at  Winfield, 
New  York,  October  16, 1800;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1827,  and  commenced  practice  at  Le  Roy,  New  York ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1832,  and  declined  are-election;  purchased  "The 
Le  Roy  Gazette  "  in  1838,  and  edited  it  for  several 
years ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  an  antislavery 
Whig,  receiving  6,033  votes  against  3,202  votes  for 
William  Mitchell,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  6,970  votes 
against  3,881  votes  for  John  B.  Skinner,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843; 
provoked  the  enmity  of  the  Southern  people  by 
franking  to  their  governors  and  other  public  men 
the  address  adopted  at  the  London  World's  Anti- 
slavery  Convention,  and  a  reward  of  five  hundred 
dollars  was  at  one  time  offered  for  his  delivery  on  a 
Southern  plantation;  was  defeated  as  the  Free-soil 
candidate  for  lieutenant-governor  in  1848;  and  died 
atLe  Roy,  New  York,  September  1, 1877. 

Gatlin,  Alfred  M.,  was  born  at  Edenton,  North 
Carolina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  the  University  of  North  Carolina;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress,  receiving  2,407  votes  against  2,139  votes 
for  Lemuel  Sawyer. 

Gaunt,  E.  "W.,  was  born  in  Tennessee  March 
17,  1832;  received  an  English  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  Arkansas  in  1850 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Arkansas  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as 
an  Independent  Democrat,  receiving  16,509  votes 
against  13,007  votes  for  C.  B.  Mitchell,  regular  Demo 
crat,  but  never  took  his  seat;  entered  the  Confeder 
ate  army  as  colonel  of  the  Twelfth  Arkansas  In 
fantry;  was  promoted  brigadier-general,  and  placed 
in  command  at  Fort  Thompson,  Missouri;  was  ap 
pointed  in  1873  a  commissioner  to  revise  and  codify 
the  statutes  of  Arkansas ;  was  the  commissioner  from 
Arkansas  to  the  Centennial  Exhibition ;  and  died  in 
Arkansas  June  10,  1874. 

Gause,  Lucien  C.,  was  born  in  Brunswick 
County,  North  Carolina,  December  25, 1838;  removed 
with  his  father  to  Lauderdale  County,  Tennessee, 
when  young ;  received  his  primary  education  at  the 
public  schools  there,  and  was  subsequently  at  the 
University  of  Virginia;  studied  law  at  Cumberland 
University,  Tennessee;  graduated  there,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Jacksonport,  Arkansas,  in  1859; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861,  and  served 
throughout  the  war,  attaining  the  rank  of  colonel  of 
the  Thirty-second  Arkansas  Infanty ;  resumed  prac 
tice  at  Jacksonport  in  1865;  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  in  1866 ;  was  appointed  one 
of  the  commissioners  to  represent  the  State  Govern 
ment  at  Washington;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  but  his  competitor  was  permitted  to  oc 
cupy  the  seat  without  any  action  on  the  case ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,211  votes 
against  5,183  votes  for  W.  H.  Rogers,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  15,841  votes  against  404  votes  scattering, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Gayarre,  Charles  A.  E.,  was  born  at  New  Or 
leans,  Louisiana,  January  3,  1805 ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  which  was  completed  at  the  New- 
Orleans  College;  studied  law  at  Philadelphia  with 
William  Rawle;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829, 
and  commenced  practice  at  New  Orleans ;  wras  elected 
to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1830 ;  was 
appointed  attorney-general  in  1831 ;  was  appointed 
presiding  judge  of  the  City  Court  of  New  Orleans  in 
1833;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 


408 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOR!. 


Louisiana  in  1834  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  but  the 
state  of  his  health  obliged  him  to  resign  before  tak 
ing  his  seat  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and  to 
travel  abroad;  returning  to  New  Orleans,  he  was 
a~ain  elected,  in  1$43,  a  representative  from  Louisi 
ana  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
but  resigned  before  taking  his  seat,  having  been 
elected  secretary  of  state  for  Louisiana,  which 
position  he  held  1846-1853.  He  published  "An 
Historical  Essay  on  Louisiana"  1830,  a  "History 
of  Louisiana"  1847,  " Eomance  of  the  History  of 
Louisiana"  1848,  "Spanish  Domination  in  Louisi 
ana"  1854,  "French  Domination  in  Louisiana" 
1851  and  1854,  "  The  School  of  Politics"  1854,  and 
a  number  of  historical  and  political  essays. 

Gayle,  John,  was  born  in  Sumter  District, 
South  Carolina,  September  11,  1792;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  South-Caro 
lina  University;  studied  Law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Mobile,  Alabama, 
in  1813 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  Legislature 
in  1817 ;  was  appointed  solicitor  of  the  First  Judicial 
District  in  1819 ;  was  elected  judge  of  the  State  Su 
preme  Court  in  1823;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  its  speaker,  in  1829 ; 
was  governor  of  Alabama  1831-1835 ;  was  defeated  as 
a  candidate  for  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison 
ticket  in  183(3,  and  again  in  1840;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,050  votes  against  4,490 
votes  for  John  T.  Taylor,  Democrat,  and  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849 ;  was  ap 
pointed  judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  the 
District  of  Alabama  in  1849 ;  and  died  near  Mobile 
July  28,  1859. 

Gaylord,  James  M.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  resided  at  MacCon- 
nellsville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,744  votes 
against  5,098  votes  for  Fink,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 
^Gazley,  James  W.,  was  born  in  New  York  in 
1784;  received  an  academic  education;  removed  to 
Ohio  early  in  life,  and  settled  in  Cincinnati;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Free-States  man,  defeating 
William  Henry  Harrison,  an  Adams  Conservative, 
and  serving  from  December  1, 1823,  to  March  3, 1825; 
became  unpopular  on  account  of  his  vote  to  reduce 
the  national  donation  to  Lafayette,  and  was  defeated 
as  a  candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress  by  James  Fiudlay;  and  died  at  Cincinnati 
July  12,  1874. 

Gebhard,  John,  was  born  at  Claverack,  New 
York ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 
March  3,  1823. 

Geddes,  James,  was  born  near  Carlisle,  Penn 
sylvania,  July  22,  1703 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  removed  to  the  State  of  New  York,  and 
settled  at  Onondaga,  where  he  established  salt 
works  in  1794;  was  elected  justice  of  the  peace  in 
1800 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1804,  and  again  in  1821 ;  was  an  asso 
ciate  justice  of  the  County  Court  in  1809;  was  a 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1809;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and  served  from 
May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  appointed 
chief  engineer  of  the  Ohio  Canal  in  1822,  and  an 
engineer  on  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal  in  1827 ; 
and  died  August  19,  1838. 

Gentry,  Meredith  P.,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina  in  1811;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Franklin,  Tennessee ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1835-1839 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  3,245 


votes  against  2,744  votes  foi  William  G-.  Childress, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1843 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  defeating  Jacilson,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  tlie  Thirtieth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,766  votes,  without 
any  regular  opposition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  without  opposition,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  a 
member  from  Tennessee  of  the  First  Confederate 
Congress ;  and  died  November  3,  1866. 

German,  Obadiah,  was  born  in  Dutchess  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  in  1767 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  removed  in  1792  to  Norwich,  Chenango  County, 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1798,  1804,  1805,  1807,  1808, 
1809 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New 
York  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
March  2,  1815;  voted  against  declaring  war  with 
Great  Britain,  but,  after  hostilities  had  been  com 
menced,  did  all  in  his  power  to  support  the  war  meas 
ures  of  the  administration;  was  again  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1819,  and  chosen  speaker;  was  for  some  years  first 
judge  of  Chenango  County,  loan  commissioner,  and 
brigadier-general;  became  a  zealous  Whig;  and  died 
at  Norwich  September  24,  1842. 

Gerry,  Elbridge  (grandfather  of  Elbridge  Gerry), 
was  born  at  Marblehead,  Massachusetts,  July  17, 
1744;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  1762 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  and 
maritime  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial 
House  of  Representatives  1772-1775 ;  was  a  delegate 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental  Congress 
from  February  9,  1776,  to  February,  1780,  and  from 
1783  to  September,  1785;  was  a  delegate  to  the  con 
vention  which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  and  one  of  those  who  refused  to  afiix  their 
signatures  to  the  instrument  adopted ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  First  Con 
gress  as  a  Federalist  (defeating  Gorham,  Democrat, 
on  second  trial),  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Second 
Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2, 
1793;  was  sent  to  France  on  a  special  mission  in 
1797;  was  defeated  as  Democratic  candidate  for  gov 
ernor  in  1798  and  1801 ;  was  elected  in  1810  and  1811, 
and  was  defeated  in  1812;  was  elected  Vice-Presi- 
dent  of  the  United  States  in  1812  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  131  electoral  votes  against  86  electoral  votes 
for  Jared  Ingersoll;  and  died  while  in  office,  at 
Washington  City,  November  23,  1814. 

Gerry,  Elbridge  (grandson  of  Elbridge  Gerry), 
was  born  at  Waterford,  Maine,  December  6,  1815; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  an1 1  commenced  practice 
at  Waterford,  Maine;  was  clerk  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1840;  was  appointed  State's  at 
torney  for  Oxford  County  in  1842,  and  elected  in 
1843 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1846;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Cass  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5,897  votes  against  3,934  votes  for 
Jameson,  Whig,  and  840  votes  for  D.  Gerry,  Van 
Buren  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  removed  to  Portland,  Maine, 
where  he  practised  his  profession. 

Gerry,  James,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  received 
an  academic  education;  removed  to  Pennsylvania, 
and  settled  at  Shrewsbury ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,195  votes  against 
3,221  votes  for  C.  A.  Barnitz,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Gervais,  John  L.,  was  born  in  South  Carolina, 
and  represented  that  State  in  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  serving  1782-1783. 

Getz,  J.  Lawrence,  was  born  at  Reading, 
Pennsylvania,  September  14,  1821;  received  an  aca- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


409 


demic  education;  studied  and  practised  law;  has 
been  for  twenty-five  years  editor  of  "  The  Reading 
Gazette  and  Democrat;  "  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  of  Pennsylvania  in  1856  and  1857,  serving 
the  last  year  as  speaker  of  the  House;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,188  votes  against 
6,999  votes  for  Lincoln,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  13,738  votes 
against  7,472  votes  for  Eckert,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  10,411 
votes  against  5,045  votes  for  N.  Hunter,  Republican, 
servinglrom  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Geyer,  Henry  S.,  was  born  in  Frederick  County, 
Maryland,  in  1793 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
removed  to  Missouri  early  in  life,  and  settled  at  St. 
Louis ;  served  as  captain  of  militia  in  the  last  war 
against  Great  Britain ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  St.  Louis ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  which  framed  a  State  constitution 
in  1820 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1820-1824,  serving  during  the  last  term  as 
speaker;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Missouri  on  the  fortieth  ballot  by  the  legislature,  re 
ceiving  80  votes  against  55  votes  for  T.  H.  Benton, 
and  20  scattering,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1857 ;  was  one  of  the  counsel  in  the  Dred 
Scott  case  while  he  was  a  senator;  and  died  at  St. 
Louis  March  5,  1859. 

Gholson,  James  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1798;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Percival's;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  and 
died  at  Brunswick,  Virginia,  July  2,  1848. 

Gholson,  Samuel  J.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Athens, 
Mississippi ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mis 
sissippi  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (in  place  of 
David  Dickson,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
January  7,  1837,  to  January  31,  1838,  when  his  seat 
was  declared  vacant  by  the  House;  was  appointed 
United-States  district-judge  for  the  district  of  Mis 
sissippi  in  1839;  took  an  active  part  in  the  Rebellion; 
was  appointed,  June  1,  1804,  brigadier-general  in  the 
Confederate  service,  commanding  a  brigade  of  cav 
alry  in  the  Department  of  Alabama,  Mississippi,  and 
East  Louisiana. 

Gholson,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Brunswick  County,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Tenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  John  Claiborne,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  November 
7,  1808,  to  July  4,  1810,  when  he  died  in  Brunswick 
County,  Virginia. 

Gibbons,  "William,  was  born  in  Georgia,  and 
represented  that  State  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1784-1786. 

Gibson,  James  King,  was  born  in  Abington, 
Virginia,  February  18,  1812;  received  a  common- 
school  education,  and  was  brought  up  in  a  store; 
went  to  Limestone  County,  Alabama,  in  1833,  and 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  returned  to  Virginia, 
and  was  deputy-sheriff  of  Washington  County  in 
1834,  and  again  in  1835 ;  was  a  merchant  in  Abing 
ton  from  1835  until  1840;  was  postmaster  at  Abing 
ton  (a  distributing  office)  from  1838  until  1849  by  the 
appointments  of  Presidents  Van  Buren,  Tyler,  and 
Polk ;  was  appointed  teller  and  clerk  in  the  branch 
of  the  Exchange  Bank  of  Virginia  at  Abington  in 
1849,  also  notary-public,  and  held  all  these  offices 
until  after  the  war,  when  he  became  a  farmer ;  and 
wras  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,508 


votes  against  5,966  votes  for  Smith,  Radical,  serving 
from  January  28,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Gibson,  Randall  Lee,  was  born  September  10, 
1832,  at  Spring  Hill,  Woodford  County,  Kentucky 
(the  residence  of  Nathaniel  Hart,  his  grandfather), 
where  his  parents  were  on  a  visit  from  their  home  in 
Terre-Bonne  Parish,  Louisiana;  was  educated  by  a 
private  tutor  at  "  Live-Oak  Plantation,"  his  father's 
homestead ;  at  Yale  College,  where  he  graduated  in 
1853;  at  the  University  of  Louisiana,  from  the  law 
department  of  which  he  received  a  diploma  in  1855 ; 
and  in  Europe,  where  he  was  engaged  in  study  and 
travel  for  three  years ;  was  a  planter  when  the  civil 
war  began  in  1861 ;  joined  the  Confederate  army  as  a 
private  soldier,  and  was  promoted  to  the  command 
of  a  company,  regiment,  brigade,  and  division ;  after 
the  war,  he  began  and  continues  the  pcactice  of  law 
in  the  city  of  New  Orleans,  and  is  also  a  sugar- 
planter;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
from  the  Second  District  by  a  large  majority,  but  was 
counted  out  by  the  "Lynch  Board;"  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  from  the  First  District  (which  had  been 
extended  to  embrace  his  residence)  as  a  Conserva 
tive  Democrat,  receiving  15,720  votes  against  11.121 
votes  for  J.  H.  Sypher,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,876 
votes  against  11,978  votes  for  William  M.  Burwell, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Giddings,  De  Witt  C.,  was  born  in  Susque- 
hanna  County,  Pennsylvania,  July  18, 1827 ;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law  at  Honesdale, 
Pennsylvania,  and,  removing  to  Texas,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  there  in  1852;  practised  at  Brenham  until 
the  commencement  of  hostilities;  entered  the  Con 
federate  service,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1866,  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Texas  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  25,391  votes  against  19,460  votes  for 
W.  T.  Clark,  Radical.  Mr.  Clark  received  the  cer 
tificate  of  election,  but  Mr.  Giddings  contested  the 
seat,  and  was  admitted  by  a  vote  of  the  House  May 
13,  1872 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
serving  from  May  13,  1872,  to  March  3,  1875;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
15,286  votes  against  13,277  votes  for  G.  W.  Jones,  In 
dependent  Republican,  serving  from  October  15.  1877. 

Giddings,  Joshua  Reed,  was  born  at  Tioga 
Point  (now  Athens),  Pennsylvania,  October  6,  1795; 
was  taken  by  his  parents  to  Canandaigua,  New  York, 
the  next  year,  and  in  1806  to  Ashtabula  County, 
Ohio;  served  in  the  Ohio  militia  in  1812  in  the  war 
against  Great  Britain,  and  took  part  in  the  battle  of 
Sandusky ;  taught  school,  and  acquired  a  good  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law  with  Elisha  Whittlesey ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Jefferson,  Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1826,  declining  a  re 
election  in  1827;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  an  antislavery 
Whig  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Elisha  Whittlesey) ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  but  resigned 
after  the  passage  of  a  vote  of  censure  on  him  by  the 
House,  serving  from  December  3,  1838,  to  March  22, 
1842 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  by  a  majority  of  3,000;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  6,140  votes  against 
3,757  votes  for  Ranney,  Democrat,  and  797  votes  for 
Wade,  Abolition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free-soil  candidate,  receiv 
ing  5,879  votes  against  3,155  votes  for  White,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  6,896  votes  against  1,716  votes  for  Kelly,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  "the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
5,752  votes  against  4,427  votes  for  Woods,  Free-Soil, 
and  4,179  votes  for  Newton,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  6,972  votes 


410 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


against  3,782  votes  for  Lee;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,567  votes  against 
4,795  votes  for  Burchard,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1842,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  consul-general  of  Canada;  and 
died  suddenly  of  apoplexy  at  Montreal  May  27,  1864. 
He  published  a  work  on  Florida,  and  a  "  History 
of  the  Great  Rebellion." 

Gilbert,  Abijah,  was  born  at  Gilbertsville,  Ot- 
sego  County,  New  York,  June  18,  1806,  being  the 
eldest  of  a  family  of  eighteen  children ;  was  a  student 
at  Hamilton  College,  New  York;  but,  ill  health  pre 
venting  his  engaging  in  professional  pursuits,  he 
became  quite  extensively  engaged  in  mercantile 
operations  in  New- York  City  and  other  places  in  dif 
ferent  States  of  the  Union ;  he  was  an  Old-Line  Whig, 
and,  since  the  inception  of  the  Republican  party,  its 
ardent  supporter ;  having  retired  from  active  business- 
pursuits,  and  removed  to  Florida  for  the  health  of 
his  family,  he  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Sen 
ate  as  a  Republican  by  more  than  a  full  party  vote 
(in  place  of  A.  S.  Welch,  Republican),  and  served 
from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Gilbert,  Edward,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  California,  and  located  at  San  Francisco;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  California  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  11,  1850,  to  March  3,  1851;  returned  to 
California,  and  practised  law;  was  shot  in  a  duel  by 
General  J.  W.  Denver  in  1862. 

Gilbert,  Ezekiel,  was  born  at  Middletown,  Con 
necticut,  in  1755;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1778;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Hudson,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Third  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  stricken  by 
paralysis  in  1812 ;  and,  after  thirty  years  of  suffering, 
died  at  Hudson,  New  York,  July  11,  1842. 

Gilbert,  Sylvester,  was  born  at  Hebron,  Con 
necticut,  in  1756;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1775;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1777,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Hebron;  was  a  member  of  the 
Colonial  House  of  Representatives  in  1780;  was 
State's  attorney  for  Tolland  County  1786-1807;  was 
chief  judge  of  the  County  Court  and  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Probat*  1807-1818;  was  the  principal  of  a 
law  school  1810-1818;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Uriel  Holmes,  resigned),  serving  from  November 
16,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  again  chief  judge  of 
the  County  Court  and  judge  of  the  Court  of  Probate 
1820-1825;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1826 ;  and  died  at  Hebron,  Connecticut, 
January  16,  1846. 

Gilbert,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Rochester  County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,251  votes  against  1,513 
votes  for  Brown,  Democrat,  and  5,645  votes  for  Ives, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
February  27,  1857,  when  he  resigned. 

Giles,  John,  was  born  in  Rowan  County,  North 
Carolina,  July  16,  1788;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
in  1808;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  for  more  than  thirty  years  at  Salisbury; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress,  but  declined  serving  on  account  of  ill  health ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  in  1835;  and  died  at  Stanly  Court  House,  North 
Carolina,  while  there  on  professional  business,  March 
2,  1846. 

Giles,  William  Branch,  was  born  in  Amelia 
County,  Virginia,  August  12,  1762;  received  a  classi 
cal  education;  graduated  at  Princetoa  College  in 


1781 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
only  practised  a  few  years ;  was  chosen  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Jefferson  ticket  in  1801 ;  was  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  First  Congress  (in  place  of 
Theodore  Bland,  deceased) ;  re-elected  to  the  Second, 
Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  6,  1790,  to  March  3,  1799,  when  lie  re 
signed  ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803; 
was  appointed  United-States  senator  (in  place  of 
Abraham  B.  Venable,  resigned);  took  his  seat  No 
vember  5,  1804,  and  was  then  elected  United-States 
senator  (in  place  of  Wilson  Gary  Nicholas,  resigned), 
serving  from  March  5,  1804,  to  March  3,  1815,"when 
he  resigned ;  was  elected  to  the  Lower  House  of  the 
Virginia  legislature;  was  governor  of  Virginia  from 
1826  until  1829;  and  died  in  Albemarle  County, 
Virginia,  December  4,  1830.  He  published  a  num 
ber  of  political  pamphlets. 

Giles,  William  Fell,  was  born  in  Harford 
County.  Maryland,  April  8,  1807;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law  with  Judge  Purviance ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Baltimore ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  John  P.  Kennedy,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was 
appointed  United-States  district-judge  by  President 
Pierce. 

Gilfillan,  Calvin  W.,  was  born  near  Newcastle, 
Pennsylvania,  February  20,  1832;  was  educated  at 
Westminster  College,  Pennsylvania;  studied  and 
practised  law;  in  1867  he  was  elected  superintendent 
of  public  instruction  for  Mercer  County,  holding 
the  office  two  years;  in  1859  he  was  transcribing- 
clerk  in  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  in  1861 
he  was  appointed  district-attorney  for  Venango 
County;  in  1862  he  was  elected  to  the  same  position, 
and  held  the  office  for  three  years;  and  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,079 
votes  against  16,267  votes  for  De  France,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Gillespie,  James,  was  born  in  North  Carolina ; 
received  a  classical  education;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Third,  Fourth, 
and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 
1793,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to 
January,  1805,  when  he  died. 

Gillet,  Ransom  H.,  was  born  at  New  Lebanon, 
New  York,  January  27,  1800;  was  reared  on  his 
father's  farm,  and  by  his  own  labor  was  able  to  ob 
tain  an  academic  education;  studied  law  at  Canton 
with  Silas  Wright,  teaching  school  for  his  livelihood; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Ogdens- 
burg,  where  he  was  postmaster  1830-1833;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
Baltimore  in  1832  which  renominated  Andrew  Jack 
son  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  appointed 
by  President  Van  Buren  commissioner  to  treat  with 
the  New-York  Indians,  serving  1837-1839;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention 
which  renominated  Martin  Van  Buren  in  1840;  was 
appointed  by  President  Polk  register  of  the  treasury, 
serving  from  April  1,  1845,  to  May  27,  1847,  when  he 
was  appointed  solicitor  of  the  treasury,  serving  until 
October  31,  1849;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce 
assistant  attorney-general,  serving  1855-1858;  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  solicitor  of  the 
Court  of  Claims,  serving  1858-1861 ;  resumed  prac 
tice,  and  died  at  Washington  October  24,  1876.  He 
published  a  "  Life  of  Silas  Wright." 

Gillette,  Francis,  was  born  at  Broomfield,  Con 
necticut;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Yale  College  in  1829;  studied  law  with  Governor 
Ellsworth,  but  ill  health  forced  him  to  abandon  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


411 


profession  before  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was 
an  early  advocate  of  the  temperance  cause,  and  a 
pioneer  in  the  antislavery  movement ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Connecticut  as  a  Free- 
soil  Whig  (in  place  of  Truman  Smith,  resigned), 
serving  from  May  25,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  was 
several  times  defeated  as  the  Temperance  and  Anti- 
slavery  candidate  for  governor;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  chairman  of 
the  Connecticut  Board  of  Education  1849-1865. 

GUlis,  James  L.,  was  born  at  Hebron,  Washing 
ton  County,  New  York,  October  2,  1792 ;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  served  an  apprenticeship  to 
the  tanner  and  currier's  trade,  at  which  he  after 
wards  worked;  served  in  the  last  war  against  Great 
Britain  in  the  New- York  volunteers;  was  commis 
sioned  lieutenant  of  volunteers  in  1814,  and  soon 
after  taken  prisoner  and  carried  to  Halifax,  where 
he  was  detained  until  peace  was  declared;  re 
moved  in  1823  to  Ridgeway,  Pennsylvania;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1840,  and  again  in  1851 ;  was  appointed  one  of  the 
judges  of  Jefferson  County  in  1842;  was  a  State 
senator  in  1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
•Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,785  votes  against  9,114  votes  for 
Myers,  Union,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to 
March  3,  1859. 

Gillon,  Alexander,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  received  an  academic  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Third 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  1794, 
when  he  died. 

Gilman,  Charles  J.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Brunswick,  Maine;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  12,953  votes  against  9,670  votes  for 
E.  F.  Pillsbury,  Coalition,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Gilman,  John  Taylor  (brother  of  Nicholas  Gil- 
man),  was  born  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  December 
19,  1753;  was  one  of  the  minute-men  who  marched 
to  Cambridge  on  receiving  intelligence  of  the  battle 
of  Lexington  in  1775;  was  assistant  to  his  father, 
who  was  receiver-general  of  New  Hampshire ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Convention  of  the  States  at  Hartford 
in  October,  1780;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Hamp 
shire  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1782-1783 ;  was 
chosen  treasurer  of  New  Hampshire  in  1793;  was 
one  of  the  Continental  commissioners  to  settle  the 
accounts  between  the  several  States  1783-1791,  when 
he  resigned;  was  again  chosen  State  treasurer  in 
1791 ;  was  elected  governor  of  New  Hampshire  as  a 
Federalist  1794-1805;  was  defeated  as  the  Federal 
candidate  for  governor  in  1805  by  John  Langdon, 
Democrat,  who  received  4,000  majority;  was  again 
the  Federal  candidate  for  governor  in  1812,  receiving 
a  plurality  of  votes,  but  not  a  majority,  and  the 
legislature  chose  William  Plummer,  the  Democratic 
candidate;  was  again  elected  governor  in  1813  by  a 
majority  of  500  votes;  was  re-elected  in  1814  by 
a  majority  of  600  votes;  was  re-elected  in  1815  by  a 
majority  of  514  votes,  and  declined  a  re-election  in 
18K5;  died  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  August  21, 
1828. 

Gilman,  Nicholas,  was  born  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1762;  received  an  academic  education; 
served  during  the  Revolutionary  war  as  lieutenant, 
captain,  adjutant,  and  adjutant-general;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1786-1788;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  First  Congress,  and  succes 
sively  re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth 
Congresses,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  until  March 
3,  1797 ;  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat  (making  the  first  break  in  the  Federal 
line  in  New  England),  and  re-elected,  serving  from 
December  2,  1805,  until  he  died,  on  his  return  from 


the  session,  which  had  adjourned  April  18,  1814,  at 
Philadelphia,  May  3,  1814. 

Gilmer,  George  R.,  was  born  in  Wilkes  County, 
Georgia,  April  11,  1790;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lexington;  served  in  the 
United-States  army  in  1813  as  first  lieutenant  of  the 
Forty-third  Infantry,  and  was  engaged  in  the  cam 
paign  against  the  Creek  Indians;  resigned  in  1818, 
and  resumed  practice  at  Lexington ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1818,  1819, 
and  1824;  was  governor  of  Georgia  1829-1831;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  December 

2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Hugh  L.  White  ticket  in  1836;   was  again 
governor  of  Georgia  1837-1839;   was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;   and  died  at 
Lexington,  Georgia,  November  15,  1859.     He  pub 
lished  an  historical  work  entitled  "Georgians." 

Gilmer,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Guilford  County, 
North  Carolina,  November  4,  1805;  received  an  aca 
demic  education  by  his  own  exertions;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Greensborough ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1846-1856;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1856; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
5,692  votes  against  4,845  votes  for  Williams,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  6,361  votes  against  4,512  votes  for  Williams, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 

3,  1861;    was  a  member  of  the  Second  Confederate 
Congress;    was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union 
Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866;    and  died  at 
Greensborough,  North  Carolina,  May  14,  1868. 

Gilmer,  Thomas  W.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Charlottesville ;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature,  and  for  two  sessions  speaker  of  the 
House;  was  governor  of  Virginia  1840-1841;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig  (but  sustained  Presi 
dent  Tyler's  vetoes,  and  acted  with  the  Democrats), 
defeating  James  Garland,  and  was  re-elected  to.  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
2,361  votes  against  2,341  votes  for  W.  L.  Goggin, 
Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  February  18, 
1844,  when  he  resigned ;  his  election  was  unsuccess 
fully  contested  by  William  L.  Goggin ;  was  appointed 
secretary  of  the  navy  by  President  Tyler  February  15, 
1844,  and  served  until  he  was  killed  by  the  bursting 
of  a  gun  on  board  the  United-States  steamer  "  Prince 
ton,"  near  Washington  City,  February  28,  1844. 

Gilmore,  Alfred,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Butler; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  an  Opposition  candidate, 
receiving  7,260  votes  against  6,959  votes  for  Smith, 
Whig,  and  209  votes  for  McLaughlin,  Free-Soiler; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  6,513  votes  against  5,644  votes  for  Taylor,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Gilmore,  John,  was  born  at  Butler,  Pennsylva 
nia;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833 ;  died  at  Butler,  Penn 
sylvania,  May  18,  1845. 

Gist,  Joseph,  was  born  near  the  mouth  of  Fair- 
forest  River,  in  Union  District,  South  Carolina, 
January  12,  1775;  his  parents  removed  when  he  was 
thirteen  years  of  age  to  Charleston,  where  he  received 


412 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


a  classical  education;  studied  law  with  Robert  Good- 
loe  Harper;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799,  and 
commenced  practice  the  following  year  at  Pinckney- 
ville,  South  Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1801-1819;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1827;  declined  being  a  candidate 
for  re-election,  on  account  of  ill  health;  and  died  at 
Pinckneyville,  South  Carolina,  May  8,  1836. 

Glascock,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Georgia ;  set 
tled  at  Augusta,  Georgia;  received  a  public-school 
education;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  lieu 
tenant,  and  was  present  at  the  siege  of  Savannah ; 
was  commissioned  colonel-commandant  of  the  regi 
ment  of  volunteers  raised  by  Georgia  for  protection 
against  the  Creek  Indians;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  31,247  votes 
against  28,168  votes  for  Richard  H.  Wilde,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  47,448  votes  against  28,994  votes  for  W.  C.  Daw- 
son,  Whig,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 
3, 1839 ;  and  died  at  Decatur,  Georgia,  May  9,  1841. 

Glasgow,  Hugh,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1817. 

Glenn,  Henry,  was  born  in  Albany  County, 
New  York;  received  a  limited  education;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  war;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1786-1787;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Third  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 1793,  to  March 
3,  1801 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1810;  and  died  at  Schenectady 
August  14,  1814. 

Gloninger,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
to  August  2,  1813,  when  he  resigned. 

Glossbrenner,  Adam  J.,  was  born  at  Hagers- 
town,  Maryland,  August  31, 1810;  was  self-educated; 
learned  the  art  of  printing;  printed  "The  Western 
Telegraph"  in  Hamilton,  Ohio,  in  1827  and  1828; 
went  to  York,  Pennsylvania,  in  1829;  edited  and  pub 
lished  "The  York  Gazette"  from  1835  to  1858;  was 
clerk  in  the  Pennsylvania  legislature  in  1838;  was  in 
charge  of  transportation  on  State  railroad  at  Colum 
bia  in  1839  and  1840;  was  cashier  of  contingent  funds 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  for  the  Twenty- 
eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses ;  was  a  clerk  in 
the  State  Department,  and  confidential  clerk  to  Sec 
retary  Buchanan  in  1848  and  1849;  was  elected  ser- 
geant-at-arms  of  the  House  of  Representatives  for 
the  Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses;  was  President 
Buchanan's  private  secretary  in  1860  and  1861;  es 
tablished  "The  Philadelphia  Age"  in  1863;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  13,382  votes  against 
10,576  votes  for  Joseph  Baily,  Union;  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1866  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  15,830  votes  against  12,389  votes  for 
R.  M.  Henderson,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1867,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Glover,  John  Montgomery,  was  born  in 
Mercer  County,  Kentucky,  September  4,  1824;  re 
ceived  a  regular  course  of  collegiate  education,  but 
left  college,  in  his  senior  year,  before  graduating; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  prac 
tised  but  a  short  time ;  was  appointed  a  colonel  of 
cavalry  by  President  Lincoln,  and  was  subsequently 
commissioned  by  the  governor  of  Missouri  colonel  of 
the  Third  Missouri  Volunteer  Cavalry,  with  a  com 
mission  to  date  from  September  4,  1861;  resigned  in 
1864  on  account  of  impaired  health ;  was  appointed 


in  July,  1866,  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
Third  District  of  Missouri,  and  performed  the  duties 
of  that  office  from  November,  1866,  until  March  3, 
1867 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
13,006  votes  against  10,672  votes  for  J.  F.  Benjamin, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving,  12,200  votes  against 
8,867  votes  for  H.  S.  Lipscomb.  Republican;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  16,153 
votes  against  11,646  votes  for  J.  T.  K.  Hay  ward,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Goddard,  Calvin,  was  born  at  Shrewsbury, 
Massachusetts,  July  17,  1768;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1786; 
studied  law  with  Oliver  Ellsworth;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1790,  and  commenced  practice  atPlainfield, 
Connecticut;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1791-1806,  serving  three  years  as 
speaker  of  the  House ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Seventh  Congress ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1805;  removed  to  Norwich 
in  1807 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Executive  Coun 
cil  1808-1815;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  De 
Witt  Clinton  ticket  in  1812 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Hartford  Convention  in  1814 ;  was  judge  of  the  Su 
perior  Court  1815,  1818 ;  was  mayor  of  Norwich  for 
seventeen  years ;  and  died  at  Norwich,  Connecticut, 
May  2,  1842. 

Goggin,  William  L.,  was  born  in  Bedford 
County,  Virginia,  May  31, 1807;  received  an  academic 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1828,  and  commenced  practice  at  Winchester,  Vir 
ginia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1836 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  1,498  votes  against  1,347  votes  for  Stuart, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1843 ;  he  unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of 
Thomas  W.  Gilmer  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
and  was  subsequently  elected  upon  the  resignation 
of  Mr.  Gilmer,  serving  from  December  2,  1844,  to 
March  3,  1845;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  receiving  2,980  votes  against  2,870  votes  for 
Leake,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849;  relinquished  his  profession  for  agri 
cultural  pursuits;  was  appointed  by  President  Fill- 
more  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  to  West 
Point ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  gov 
ernor  in  1860,  receiving  71,543  votes  against  77,112 
votes  for  John  Letcher,  Democrat ;  and  died  at  Rich 
mond,  Virginia,  January  5,  1870. 

Gold,  Thomas  R.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Yale  College  in  1786  ;  resided  at  Whitestown, 
Oneida  County ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1797-1802,  and  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1808;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  by  a  majority  of  436 
votes,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1813; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817;  and 
died  at  Whitestown,  New  York,  June  22,  1826. 

Goldsborough,  Charles  W.,  was  born  in  Ma 
ryland;  received  an  academic  education;  held  sev 
eral  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Federalist ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thir 
teenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  was  governor  of 
Maryland  1818-1819;  and  died  at  Shoal  Creek,  Mary 
land,  December  13,  1834. 

Goldsborough,  Robert,  was  born  at  Cam 
bridge,  Maryland;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  medicine,  and  graduated  at  the  Philadelphia 
College  in  1760 ;  took  an  active  part  in  the  ante-Revo 
lutionary  movements ;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


413 


to  the  First  Continental  Congress  1774-1775;  and 
died  at  Cambridge,  Maryland,  December  31,  1788. 

Goldsborough,  Robert  Henry,  was  born  at 
New  Easton,  Maryland,  in  1780;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Maryland  as  an  anti-Jackson  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819;  and  was 
again  elected  United-States  senator  as  a  Whig  without 
opposition  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig 
nation  of  Ezekiel  F.  Chambers),  serving  from  January 
23,  1835,  until  his  death  at  New  Easton,  Maryland, 
October  5,  1836. 

Goldthwaite,  George,  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  December  10,  1809;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  removed  to  Alabama ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1826;  was  on  the 
bench  of  the  Circuit  Court,  and  afterward  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  of  which  he  was  chief  justice  for 
some  years;  was  adjutant-general  of  the  State  of 
Alabama  during  the  war;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Alabama  as  a  Democrat  December  7, 
1870  (to  succeed  Willard  Warner,  Republican),  and 
took  his  seat  January  15,  1872,  serving  until  March 
3, 1877. 

Golladay,  Edward  I.,  was  born  at  Lebanon, 
Tenneseee,  September  9,  1831;  graduated  in  the 
literary  department  of  Cumberland  University  at 
Lebanon;  taught  school  a  short  time;  studied  law; 
graduated  in  the  law  department  of  Cumberland 
University,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852 ;  was 
elected  to  the  State  legislature  for  the  session  of  1857- 
1858 ;  was  elected  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Bell- 
Everett  ticket  in  1860;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army  with  the  rank  of  colonel,  and  participated  in 
several  important  engagements;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,991  votes  against 
5,428  votes  for  W.  F.  Prosser,  Republican,  and  3,525 
votes  for  Bailie  Peyton,  Independent  Democratic 
Conservative,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March 
3,  1873. 

Golladay,  J.  S.,  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Elijah  Hise), 
receiving  6,619  votes  against  850  votes  for  Jackman, 
Republican,  and  1,175  votes  for  J.  T.  Curd;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  serving  from 
December  5,  1867,  to  February  28,  1870,  when  he 
resigned. 

Gboch,  Daniel  "W.,  was  born  at  WTells,  Maine, 
January  8,  1820;  was  fitted  for  college  at  Phillips 
Academy,  Andover,  and  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1843 ;  studied  law  at  South  Berwick  and 
Portland,  Maine,  and  at  Boston,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1846 ;  practised  law  in  Boston ;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  in  the  State  legislature  in 
1852 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  in  1853 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mas 
sachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  jun.,  resigned)  as  a  Repub 
lican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  7,129  votes  against  3,868  votes  for  C.  A. 
Welch,  Democrat,  and"810  votes  for  Baker,  Ameri 
can  ;  -was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  11,373  votes  against  6,730  votes  for  C.  A. 
Welch,  Democrat,  and  703  votes  for  George  Johnson, 
American,  and  100  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  8,124  votes  against 
6,152  votes  for  Perry,  People's  candidate;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  resigned 
before  taking  his  seat,  serving  from  January  21, 1858, 
to  March  3,  1865 ;  was  navy-agent  of  the  port  of  Bos 
ton  1865 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,472  votes  against 
8,039  votes  for  N.  P.  Banks,  Liberal  and  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forl  y-f ourth  Congress,  receiving  7,263  votes  against 
7,731  votes  for  N.  P.  Banks,  Liberal  Republican;  was 


appointed  by  President  Grant  pension-agent  at 
Boston. 

Goode,  John,  jun.,  was  born  in  Bedford  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  May  27,  1829;  attended  the  New-Lon 
don  Academy  in  early  life,  and  graduated  at  Emory 
and  Henry  College  in  1848;  studied  law  with  Hon 
orable  John  W.  Brockenborough  at  Lexington ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1851,  and  has  practised 
since;  was  elected  to  the  Virginia  House  of  Dele 
gates  in  1851  and  1856 ;  was  on  the  Democratic  ticket 
as  presidential  elector  in  1852  and  1856;  was  elected 
in  1860  a  member  of  the  State  Convention  of  Vir 
ginia  which  passed  the  ordinance  of  secession ;  was 
twice  elected  a  member  of  the  Confederate  Congress, 
and  served  in  that  capacity  from  February  22,  1862, 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  National  Democratic  Executive  Committee 
in  1868,  and  re-appointed  in  1872  for  four  years; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
13,521  votes  against  13,390  votes  for  James  H.  Platt, 
jun.,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  16,885  votes  against  14,1)89 
votes  for  Joseph  Segar,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  6,  1875. 

Goode,  Patrick  G.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Sydney;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Goode,  Samuel,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Goode,  William  O.,  was  born  at  Ingle  wood, 
Mecklenburg  County,  Virginia,  September  16,  1798 ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  William 
and  Mary  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1821,  and  commenced  practice  at  Boydtown; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Reform  Convention 
in  1829 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  again 
for  several  successive  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  was  three  times  chosen 
speaker;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1850;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  but  slight  opposition ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
4,811  votes  against  3,109  votes  for  Tazewell,  Ameri 
can  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  3,579  votes  against  1,132  votes  for  Collier, 
American,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1859;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
defeating  W.  C.  Flournoy,  but  died,  before  taking  his 
seat,  at  Boydtown,  Virginia,  July  3,  1859. 

Goodenow,  John  M.,  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Steubenville,  Ohio;  was  a  prominent 
Freemason ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
receiving  1,040  majority  over  John  C.  Wright,  Clay 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  April 
9,  1830,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  chosen  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ohio. 

Goodenow,  Robert,  was  born  at  Farmington, 
New  Hampshire,  June  10,  1800;  received  an  aca 
demic  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1821,  and  commenced  practice,  at  Farmington; 
was  county-attorney  1828-1834  and  in  1841 ;  removed 
to  Paris,  Maine;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  4,831  votes  against  4,700  votes  for  Lot  M. 
Morrill,  Democrat,  and  1,274  votes  for  Seth  May, 
Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  1, 1851,  to  March 
3,  1853;  was  appointed  State  bank  commissioner 
in  1857. 

Goodenow,  Rufus  EL.,  was  born  at  Henuiker, 


414 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


New  Hampshire,  April  24,  1790;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Brownfield,  Maine;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  a  farmer,  and  also  engaged  in 
the  coasting  trade;  served  in  the  war  against  Great 
Britain  as  captain  of  the  Thirty-third  Infantry  from 
April,  1813,  until  the  regiment  was  disbanded  in 
June,  1815;  removed  to  Paris,  Maine;  was  clerk  of 
the  Oxford-county  courts  1821-1837;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,582  votes  against 
5,607  votes  for  McCrate,  Democrat,  and  1,100  votes 
for  Vinton,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  and  died  at  Paris,  Maine, 
March  24,  1863. 

Goodhue,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Salem, 
Massachusetts,  October  1,  1748;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1766; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1784-1789;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  First  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Second  and  Third  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1795;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Massachu 
setts  (in  place  of  George  Cabot,  resigned),  serving 
from  December  6,  1796,  to  1800,  when  he  resigned; 
died  at  Salem,  Massachusetts,  July  28,  1814. 

Goodin,  John  R.,  was  born  at  Tiffin,  Ohio, 
December  14,  1836;  removed  to  Kenton,  Ohio,  in 
1844;  was  educated  at  Kenton  and  Geneva  College, 
Ohio ;  commenced  reading  law  in  1854 ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1857,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  at 
Kenton,  Ohio;  remained  at  the  last-named  place 
until  the  spring  of  1859,  when  he  removed  to  his 
present  place  of  residence  in  Kansas,  where  he  con 
tinued  his  law  practice;  was  elected  in  November, 
18G6,  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  in  November,  1867,  judge  of  the  Seventh 
Judicial  District,  Kansas,  for  the  term  of  four  years, 
commencing  January,  1868;  was  re-elected  in  Novem 
ber,  1871,  to  the  same  position,  which  position  he 
filled  until  February  1,  1875,  at  which  time  he  re 
signed  his  judicial  office,  having  been  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Kansas  to  Congress.  Politically  a 
Democrat,  he  was  nominated  as  the  Reform  and 
Opposition  candidate,  and  elected,  receiving  14,965 
votes  against  14,220  votes  for  Stephen  A.  Cobb, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Goodrich,  Chauncey,  was  born  at  Durham, 
Connecticut,  October  20,  1759;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1776; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1781,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Hartford ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1793;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Fourth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifth  and 
Sixth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to 
March  3,  1801 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Executive 
Council  1802-1807;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Connecticut  (in  place  of  Uriah  Tracy, 
deceased),  serving  from  November  27,  1807,  to  1813, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  mayor  of  Hartford ;  was  lieu 
tenant-governor  of  Connecticut  in  1814;  and  died  at 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  August  18,  1823. 

Goodrich,  Elizur,  was  born  at  Durham,  Con 
necticut,  March  24,  1761 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1779;  was  a  tutor 
at  Yale  for  two  years ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Haven  in 
1783;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
in  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
December  2,  1799,  to  March  3, 1801 ;  was  appointed 
collector  of  customs  at  New  Haven,  but  was  removed 
by  Jefferson;  was  a  judge  of  probate  for  seventeen 
years;  was  judge  of  the  county  court  for  twelve 
years ;  was  professor  of  law  in  Yale  College  for  nine 
years;  was  mayor  of  New  Haven  1803-1822;  and 
died  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  November  1,  1849. 


Goodrich,  John  Z.,  was  born  at  Sheffield, 
Massachusetts,  September  27,  1801;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  but  engaged  in  manufacturing;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1841; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1848  and  1849;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
5,579  votes  against  4,842  votes  for  Griswold,  Democrat, 
and  316  scattering,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1855;  was  a  member  of  the  Peace  Con 
gress  in  1861;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
collector  of  customs  at  Boston,  serving  from  1861  to 
18(55. 

Goodrich,  Milo,  was  born  at  Homer,  New  York, 
January  3,  1820;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law,  and  practises  the  profession;  was  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  the 
State  of  New  York  in  1867-1868;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,471  votes 
against  12,029  votes  for  Apgar,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Goodwin,  Henry  C.,  was  born  at  De  Ruyter, 
Madison  County,  New  York,  June  25,  1824;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1846,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Hamilton,  New  York;  was  district-attorney  1847- 
1850 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  Gerritt  Smith, 
resigned)  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  December  4, 
1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,380  votes  against 
6,080  votes  for  Clarke,  Democrat,  and  1,671  votes  for 
Culver,  American,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to 
March  3, 1859 ;  died  at  Hamilton,  New  York,  Novem 
ber  12,  I860. 

Goodwin,  John  Noble,  was  born  at  South 
Berwick,  Maine,  October  18, 1824;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1844; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and 
commenced  practice  at  South  Berwick;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  in  1854 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,018  votes  against 
10,556  votes  for  Hayes,  Democrat,  serving  from  July 
4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  appointed  chief  justice 
of  Arizona  Territory,  and  removed  there  in  1863; 
was  governor  of  Arizona  Territory  from  August, 
1863,  to  September,  1865;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Arizona  Territory  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  707  votes  against  376  votes 
for  Charles  D.  Posten,  Republican,  and  260  votes 
for  Joseph  P.  Allyn,  Republican,  and  serving  from 
December  4,  18(55,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Goodwin,  Peterson  (sometimes  spelled  Good- 
wyn),  was  born  in  Virginia;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  and 
wasVe-elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth, 
Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  February  21,  1818, 
when  he  died. 

Goodyear,  Charles,  was  born  at  Cobleskill, 
New  York,  April  26,  1805 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Union  College  in  1824;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Schoharie,  New  York;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1839 ;  was  ap 
pointed  first  judge  of  Schoharie  County  in  1841; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,298  votes  againstw7,966  votes  for  Danforth,  Whig, 
and  526  votes  for  North,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  continued  the 
practice  of  law  until  1852,  when  he  engaged  in 
private  banking  at  Schoharie  and  in  the  city  of 
New  York;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


415 


Congress,  receiving  17,497  votes  against  12,942  votes 
for  Gardiner,  Republican,  serving  from  December  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866, 
and  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  New 
York  in  1868. 

Gordon,  James,  was  born  at  Killead,  County 
Antrim,  Ireland,  in  1743;  came  to  New  York,  and 
became  an  Indian  trader  at  Schenectady ;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  war  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of 
militia,  raised  in  what  is  now  Saratoga  County; 
located  at  Ballston;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1778-1790;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Second  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  serving 
from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  a  State 
senator  1797-1804 ;  was  for  some  time  county-judge, 
and  was  the  first  supervisor  of  Ballston ;  he  died  at 
Ballston,  New  York,  January  17,  1810. 

Gordot),  John  B.,  was  born  in  Upson  County, 
Georgia,  February  6,  1832;  was  educated  at  the 
University  of  Georgia ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
practised  law  only  a  short  time ;  at  the  beginning  of 
the  war  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  captain  of 
infantry,  and  was  promoted  major,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  colonel,  brigadier-general,  major-general, 
and  to  the  command  of  the  Second  Army  Corps; 
commanded  one  wing  of  General  Lee's  army  at 
Appomattox  Court  House;  was  wounded  in  battle 
eight  times;  was  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  of  Georgia  in  1868,  and  his  party  claimed 
his  election  by  a  large  majority,  but  his  opponent, 
Rufus  II.  Bullock,  was  declared  elected;  was  a 
member  of  the  National  Democratic  Convention  of 
1868  from  Georgia ;  was  a  delegate  from  the  State  at 
large  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  of 
1872;  was  elected  presidential  elector  for  the  State  at 
large  on  the  Seymour  and  Blair  ticket  in  1868,  and 
the  Greeley  and  Brown  ticket  in  1872;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Georgia  as  a  Democrat, 
(to  succeed  Joshua  Hill,  Republican),  serving  from 
March  4,  1873. 

Gordon,  Samuel,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education; 
resided  at  Delhi,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1820-1821  and  1834; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,973  votes  against  5,434  votes  for  Herman  D.  Gould, 
Whig,  sen-ing  from  May  31, 1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  8,645  votes  against  8,121  votes  for  Herman 
D.  Gould,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1847;  was  provost-marshal  for  the  Nine 
teenth  District  of  New  York  1863-1865. 

Gordon,  William,  was  born  in  1763 ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1779;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Fifth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  1800,  when  he 
resigned ;  died  in  Boston  May  8, 1802. 

Gordon,  William  F.,  was  born  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academic  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a 
large  majority  over  Nelson  and  Bryce,  to  supply  a 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Rives ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  near  Lind- 
sey's  store,  Virginia,  July  2,  1858. 

Gore,  Christopher,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  September  21,  1758;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1776 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Boston;  was  United-States  attorney  for 
the  district  of  Massachusetts  1789-1796;  was  com 
missioner  to  England  under  Jay's  treaty  1796-1803; 
was  charge,  d'affaires  at  London  1803-1804;  was  a 


member  of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Represen 
tatives;  was  governor  of  Massachusetts  1809,  1810; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Massachu 
setts  (in  place  of  James  Lloyd,  resigned),  serving 
from  May  28,  1813,  to  1816,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  King  ticket  in  1817 ;  was 
a  trustee  of  Harvard  University,  and  an  active  mem 
ber  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society  and  the 
American  Academy  of  Sciences ;  died  at  Waltham, 
Massachusetts,  March  1,  1827. 

Gorham,  Benjamin  (son  of  Nathaniel  Gorham), 
was  born  at  Charlestown,  Massachusetts,  February 
13,  1775;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Harvard  College  in  1795 ;  studied  law  under  The- 
ophilus  Parsons ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Boston ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
as  a  Federalist  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  res 
ignation  of  Jonathan  Mason),  serving  from  Novem 
ber  27,  1820,  until  March  3,  1821,  and  declining  a 
renomination ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  until  March  3, 
1831;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress  by  503  majority,  serving  from  December  2, 1833, 
until  March  3,  1835;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  especially  noted  as 
having  given  his  professional  services,  without  pay, 
to  defend  the  newspaper-press  in  libel  suits;  and 
died  at  Boston,  Massachusetts,  September  27,  1855. 

Gorham,  Nathaniel  (father  of  Benjamin  Gor 
ham),  was  born  at  Charlestown,  Massachusetts,  May 
27,  1738;  received  a  public-school  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Colonial  legislature  1771-1775 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Provincial  Congress  1774-1775;  was  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  War  1778-1781 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1779;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1782-1783,  and  again  1785-1787,  serving  as  presiding 
officer  from  June  6,  1787,  until  the  expiration  cf  his 
term;  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
convention  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution 
in  1788,  and,  when  in  committee  of  the  whole,  was 
called  by  President  Washington  to  the  chair  for  three 
months ;  was  for  several  years  a  judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas ;  became  largely  interested  in  the 
purchase  and  settlement  of  lands  in  the  Genesee 
Valley,  New  York,  which  he  placed  under  the  charge 
of  his  eldest  son,  Nathaniel  Gorham,  jun. ;  and  died 
at  Canandaigua,  New  York,  June  11,  1796. 

Gorman,  Willis  Arnold,  was  born  near  Flem- 
ingsburg,  Kentucky,  Januaiy  12,  1814;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1825,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bloom- 
ington,  Indiana,  in  1825;  was  clerk  of  the  Indiana 
Senate  1837-1833;  was  major  of  Lane's  regiment  of 
Indiana  volunteers  in  the  Mexican  war;  commanded 
a  rifle  battalion  at  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista,  and 
was  afterwards  colonel  of  the  Fourth  Indiana  Regi 
ment  of  Mexican  Volunteers ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,466  votes  against  7,196 
votes  for  Watts,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  9,474  votes  against  4,693 
votes  for  Farmer,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  territorial  governor  of 
Minnesota  1853-1857;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Consti 
tutional  Convention  of  Minnesota  in  1857 ;  practised 
law  at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  1857-1861 ;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  First  Minnesota  Vol 
unteer  Infantry ;  was  commissioned  brigadier-general 
September  6,  1861;  was  in  the  battles  of  Ball's  Bluff 
and  West  Point ;  led  a  bayonet-charge  at  the  battle 
cf  Fair  Oaks,  and  commanded  a  brigade  in  Howard's 
division  of  the  Second  Army  Corps  at  the  battle  of 
Antietam. 

Goss,  James  H.,  was  born  at  Union  Court 
House,  South  Carolina,  August  9,  1820:  received  a 
public-school  education ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 


416 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


suits;  -was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1867;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  July  18,  1868,  to  March  3,  I860. 

Gott,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  received 
a  public-school  education;  was  .elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  5,403  votes  against  4,906  votes  f or  Sedgwick, 
Democrat,  and  2,493  for  Baldwin,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Gould,  Herman  D.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  an  academic  education;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,267  votes  against  4,443  votes 
for  Edgerton,  Democrat,  3,013  votes  for  Fitch,  Anti- 
Rent,  and  1,953  votes  for  Wheeler,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Gourdin,  Theodore,  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815. 

Go  van,  A.  &.,  was  born  at  Orangeburg,  South 
Carolina;  received  a  classical  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  (iu  place  of  James  Overstreet,  de 
ceased) ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nine 
teenth  Congresses  without  opposition,  serving  from 
December  4,  1822,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Gove,  Samuel  P.,  was  born  at  Weymouth, 
Massachusetts,  March  9,  1822;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  from  July 
25,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Graham,  James  (a  brother  of  William  A.),  was 
born  in  Lincoln  County,  North  Carolina,  in  January, 
1793;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1814;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  for 
many  years  with  great  success ;  removed  to  Ruther 
ford  County,  which  he  represented  in  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1822,  1823,  1828,  and 
1829:  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth, 
and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  as  a  Whig  (generally 
without  opposition),  serving  from  December  2,  1833. 
until  March  3,  1843,  excepting  from  March  25,  1836, 
to  December  5,  1836,  when  a  Democratic  House  de 
clared  his  seat  vacant,  although  it  refused  to  give  it 
to  his  contesting  competitor,  and  at  a  new  election 
he  was  elected,  receiving  4,971  votes  against  3,177  for 
Newland;  was  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  but  was  defeated  by  T.  L.  Cling- 
man,  also  a  Whig,  by  929  majority;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
5,244  votes  against  4,918  votes  for  Clingman,  Whig, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  until  March  3, 
1847;  retiring  to  private  life,  he  engaged  in  agricul 
tural  pursuits,  until  he  died,  in  Rutherford  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  September,  1851. 

Graham,  James  H.,  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9.981  votes  against  8,142  votes  for  Parker, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1861. 

Graham,  William,  was  born  March  16,  1782; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Vallonia;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
and  its  speaker  in  1820;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,717 
votes  against  4,390  votes  for  J.  S.  Simonson,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  September  4, 1837,  to  March  3, 
1839;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  and 
died  near  Vallonia  August  17,  1858. 

Graham,  William  Alexander,  was  born  in 
Lincoln  County,  North  Carolina,  September  5,  1804; 


received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  North  Carolina  in  1824 ;  studied  law  at  New 
Berne;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Hillsborough ;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  1833-1840;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  (in  place  of  Robert  Strange, 
resigned),  serving  from  December  10,  1840,  to  March 
3,  1843;  elected  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1844  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  42,586  votes  against  39,483  votes 
for  M.  Hoke,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  in  1846  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  40,128  votes  against  34,156  votes  for 
A.  H.  Shepherd,  Democrat,  serving  in  1845-1849;  was 
tendered  the  Spanish  mission  by  President  Taylor  in 
1849,  and  declined  it ;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the 
navy  by  President  Fillmore  July  20,  1850,  and  served 
until  March  7,  1853 ;  was  nominated  by  the  National 
Whig  Convention  at  Buffalo  June  17,  1852,  as  the 
Whig  candidate  for  Vice-President  on  the  Scott  ticket, 
and  received  42  electoral  votes,  W.  R.  King,  Demo 
crat,  receiving  254  electoral  votes ;  was  a  Confederate 
senator  in  the  Second  Confederate  Congress,  serving 
from  February  22,  1864,  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  Union  Convention 
in  1866;  and  died  of  organic  disease  of  the  heart, 
after  an  illness  of  four  days,  at  Saratoga  Springs, 
New  York,  August  11,  1875. 

Granger,  Amos  P.,  was  born  at  Suffield,  Con 
necticut,  June,  1789;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  removed  to  Manlius,  New  York,  in  1811,  and 
was  for  some  years  president  of  the  corporation; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  captain,  and  was  at  the 
battle  of  Sackett's  Harbor;  removed  to  Syracuse, 
New  York,  in  1820,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
4.803  votes  against  4,109  votes  for  Alvord,  Democrat, 
3,409  for  Noxon,  American,  and  487  for  Parker, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  9,748  votes  against  4,525  votes  for 
Peck,  Democrat,  and  1,720  votes  for  Beach,  Ameri 
can,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 
1859 ;  died  at  Syracuse,  New  York,  August  20,  1866. 

Granger,  Bradley  F.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Michi 
gan,  and  settled  at  Ann  Arbor;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1863. 

Granger,  Francis  (son  of  Gideon  Granger), 
was  born  at  Suffield,  Connecticut,  December  1,  1792; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1811;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1816,  and  commenced  practice  at  Canandai- 
gua,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1826-1831;  was  twice  the  candi 
date  of  the  National  Republicans  for  governor  of 
New  York,  and  was  defeated  by  the  Democratic 
candidate;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Anti-Ma 
sonic  Convention  at  Philadelphia  September  11, 1830; 
was  defeated  as  the  National  Republican  candidate  for 
Vice-President  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1831;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December 
7,  1&35,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  Mark  A. 
Sibley ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1841 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Harrison  postmas 
ter-general  (a  position  which  his  father  had  held 
1801-1814),  serving  from  March  6,  1841,  to  Septem 
ber  13,  1841 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Whig  (in  place  of  John  Greig,  re 
signed),  serving  from  December  7,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1843 ;  his  "  silver-gray  "  hair  gave  a  name  to  a  portion 
of  the  Whig  party  in  New  York  which  recognized 
him  as  its  leader;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Peace  Con 
vention  in  1861 ;  paid  great  attention  to  agricultural 
progress;  died  at  Canandaigua,  New  York,  August 
28,  1868. 

Grant,  Abraham   P.,  was  born  at  Oswego, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


417 


New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Grantland,  Seaton,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Mil- 
ledgeville,  Georgia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Union 
candidate  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  27,303  votes 
against  24,870  votes  for  A.  H.  Chappell,  State-rights ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  29,343  votes  against  28,447  votes  for  R.  W. 
Habersham,  State-rights,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  chosen  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket  in  1840 ;  died 
in  Georgia. 

Gravely,  Joseph  J.,  was  born  in  Henry  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  in  1828;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Virginia  in 
1853  and  1854;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1854;  was 
elected  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Missouri 
in  1860 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Missouri 
in  1862  and  1864;  entered  the  Union  army  as  colonel 
of  the  Eighth  Missouri  Cavalry,  and  served  in  the  war 
for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Radical,  receiving  6,083  votes  against  1,929  votes 
for  the  Conservative  candidate,  serving  from  March 
4,  18'J7,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Graves,  W^illiam  JM  was  born  at  New  Castle, 
Kentucky,  in  1805 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1834;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  defeating  P.  H.  Pope ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  defeating  Marshall, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  defeating  E.  F.  Nuttall,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  while  a  member  of 
Congress  he  killed  Jonathan  Cilley,  a  representative 
from  Maine,  at  the  third  fire,  in  a  duel  fought  with 
rifles  at  eighty  yards'  distance,  near  Washington,  Feb 
ruary  24, 1838 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
in  1843;  and  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  Septem 
ber  27,  1848. 

Gray,  Edwin,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1769; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  and 
successively  elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1813. 

Gray,  Hiram,  was  born  at  Salem,  New  York, 
April  10,  1802;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Union  College  in  1821;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Elmira;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839; 
was  appointed  judge  of  the  Sixth  Judicial  Circuit  in 
1846;  was  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  1847-1860. 

Gray,  John  C.,  was  born  in  Southampton 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academic  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  James  Johnson,  re 
signed),  serving  from  November  13,  1820,  to  March  3, 
1821 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Seventeenth 
Congress  by  a  majority  of  341  for  Arthur  Smith. 

Grayson,  W^llliam,  was  born  in  Prince  William 
County,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  education  in 
England,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Oxford,  and 
studying  law  at  the  Temple  in  London;  returning 
home,  he  practised  law  at  Dumfries,  Virginia;  was 
appointed  aide-de-camp  to  General  Washington  Au 
gust  24,  1776;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as 
colonel  of  a  Virginia  regiment  January  1,  1877;  dis 
tinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of  Monmouth ;  was 
appointed  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 


1784-1787 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Convention 
of  1788  on  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution, 
and  was  one  of  the  minority  which  opposed  its  ratifi 
cation  ;  was  appointed  one  of  the  senators  from  Vir 
ginia  to  the  First  Congress ;  took  his  seat  May  21, 
1789,  and  served  until  he  died  at  Dumfries,  Virginia, 
on  his  way  to  New  York,  then  the  seat  of  govern 
ment,  March  12,  1790. 

Grayson,  William  J.,  was  born  at  Beaufort, 
South  Carolina,  November  2,  1788;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  South-Carolina  Col 
lege  in  1809 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Beaufort ;  was  appointed 
a  commissioner  in  equity;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1813,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1831 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  Colonel  Alston ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  without  opposition, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837; 
was  collector  of  customs  at  Charleston  1841-1843; 
engaged  in  planting,  and  died  of  illness  following  a 
paralytic  stroke  at  Newberry,  South  Carolina,  Octo 
ber  4,  1863.  He  published  "The  Hireling  and  the 
Slave,"  "Chicova,  and  other  Poems,"  "Marion," 
"  The  Life  of  J.  L.  Petigru;"  and  was  a  contributor 
to  "  The  Southern  Review." 

Greeley,  Horace,  was  born  at  Amherst,  New 
Hampshire,  February  3,  1811 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  apprenticed  to  the  art  of  print 
ing  at  Poultney,  Vermont,  1826-1830;  worked  as  a 
journeyman  printer  in  Erie,  Pennsylvania,  and  after 
August,  1831,  in  New-York  City;  commenced  pub 
lishing  "  The  Morning  Post,"  the  first  one-cent  daily 
paper,  January  1,  1833,  but  it  was  soon  discontinued ; 
published  "The  New-Yorker,"  a  literary  weekly, 
1834-1841 ;  edited  a  Whig  campaign  paper,  called 
"  The  Log  Cabin,"  in  1840 ;  founded  "  The  New- York 
Tribune"  April  10,  1841,  and  edited  it  until  his 
death;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (in  place  of  David  S.  Jack 
son,  whose  seat  was  declared  vacant)  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  9,932  votes  against  6,326  votes  for  Bradurst, 
Democrat,  and  1,681  votes  for  Townsend,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  4,  1848,  to  March  3, 
1849;  visited  Europe  in  1851,  and  was  chairman  of 
one  of  the  juries  at  the  World's  Fair;  visited  Cali 
fornia,  by  way  of  Kansas  and  Utah,  in  1859;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1864;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1867 ;  advocated  universal  am 
nesty  and  universal  suffrage  at  the  close  of  the  Re 
bellion,  and  offered  himself  as  bail  for  Jefferson  Da 
vis  in  May,  1867 ;  was  appointed  by  President  John 
son,  in  November,  1867,  minister  to  Austria,  and  was 
confirmed,  but  declined;  was  nominated  in  1872  by 
the  Reform  Republicans  at  Cincinnati,  and  by  the 
Democrats  at  Baltimore,  as  President  of  the  United 
States,  but  was  defeated  by  U.  S.  Grant ;  he  lost  his 
reason,  and  died  in  an  asylum  near  the  city  of 
New  York  November  29,  1872.  He  published 
"  Hints  toward  Reforms,"  "  Association  Discussed," 
"Glances  at  Europe,"  "Art  and  Industry  as  repre 
sented  in  the  Exhibition  at  the  Crystal  Palace," 
"History  of  the  Struggle  for  Slavery-Extension  from 
1787  to  1856,"  "History  of  the  American  Conflict," 
"Recollections  of  a  Busy  Life,"  "Overland  Journey 
from  New  York  to  San  Francisco,"  "Essays  on  Po 
litical  Economy,"  and  many  pamphlets  and  maga 
zine  articles. 

Green,  Byram,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1816, 
1817,  1819,  1820,  and  1822;  was  a  State  senator  1823, 
1824;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  6,446  votes  against  5,611  votes  for  Adams, 
Whig,  and  274  votes  for  Gaylord,  Abolitionist,  and 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845; 
resided  at  Sodus. 


418 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Green,  Frederick  "W.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Tiffin,  Ohio;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,224  votes  against  643 
votes  scattering;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  8,198  votes  against  2,095 
votes  for  Goodman,  Whig,  and  768  votes  for  Samuel, 
Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  1, 1851,  to  March 
3,  1855. 

Green,  Innis,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  resided  at  Dauphin ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Green,  Isaiah  L.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1781;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  November  4, 
1811,  to  March  3,  1813;  held  several  local  offices;  and 
died  in  1841. 

Green,  James,  was  born  at  Dauphin,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  common-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 1827, 
to  March  3,  1829. 

Green,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Fauquier  County, 
Virginia,  February  28,  1817;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Alabama,  and  thence  to  Mis 
souri,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Canton;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1844  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1845; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  charge  d'affaires  to 
Colombia  May  24,  1853 -August  13,  1854,  and  was 
commissioned  as  minister  resident  June  29,  1854,  but 
did  not  present  his  credentials ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  but  did  not  take  his  seat, 
having  been  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Missouri  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  January  21, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1861;  died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri, 
January  19,  1870. 

Green,  Willis,  was  born  in  the  Shenandoah 
Yalley,  Virginia ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
located  in  that  part  of  Virginia  then  known  as  Ken 
tucky  County,  but  which  afterwards  became  the 
State  of  Kentucky ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1792;  was  a  surveyor  for 
locating  land-warrants;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1836-1837 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  "Whig,  receiving  a  majority  of  400  votes 
over  William  T.  Willis,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  4,687  votes 
against  2,064  votes  for  the  Democratic  candidate; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  5,218  votes  against  4,984  votes  for  McCreery, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1845. 

Greene,  Albert  Collins  (brother  of  General 
Nathanael  Greene),  was  bom  at  East  Greenwich, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1792;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  law  in  New  York,  where  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  returned  to  Rhode  Island,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1816,  1822-1825,  serving 
the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  brigadier-general  and 
subsequently  major-general  of  militia;  was  attorney- 
general  of  Rhode  Island  1825-1843;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1851; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 


sentatives  and  of  the  State  Senate;  and  died  at 
Providence  January  8,  1863. 

Greene,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Orange 
County,  New  York,  July  4,  1831 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  taught  school ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1860,  and  commenced  practice  at  Goshen, 
New  York;  was  school  commissioner  for  Orange 
County;  was  judge  of  the  Orange-county  cotirts 
1861-1864;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  11,620  votes  against  11,298  votes  for  Van 
Wyck,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to 
1870.  His  election  was  successfully  contested  by 
Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  who  took  his  seat  February 
17,  1870. 

Greene,  Ray,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1784 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Providence;  was  attor 
ney-general  of  Rhode  Island  1794-1797;  was  elected 
a  senator  from  Rhode  Island  (in  place  of  William 
Bradford,  resigned),  serving  from  November  22, 1797, 
to  1801,  when  he  resigned. 

Greene,  Thomas  M.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
removed  to  Mississippi  Territory,  and  located  at 
Bruinsburg,  where  he  became  an  extensive  planter; 
enjoyed  the  personal  friendship  of  General  Jackson ; 
was  elected  a  delegate  from  Mississippi  Territory 
in  the  Seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  Naisworthy 
Hunter,  deceased),  serving  from  December  6, 1802,  to 
March  3,  1803. 

Greenup,  Christopher,  was  born  in  Virginia, 
and  removed  to  Kentucky  when  it  was  the  "dark 
and  bloody  ground,"  locating  at  Frankfort;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Second 
Congress,  and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the 
Third  and  Fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  October 
24, 1791,  to  March  3, 1797;  was  governor  of  Kentucky 
1804-1808;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Madison 
and  Clinton  ticket  in  1809;  died  at  Frankfort,  Ken 
tucky,  April  24,  1818. 

Greenwood,  Alfred  B.,was  born  in  Franklin 
County,  Georgia,  July  11,  1811;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Georgia 
at  Athens;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Bentonville,  Arkansas ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1842-1845 ;  was  State  prosecuting-attorney  1845-1851 ; 
was  circuit-judge  1851-1853;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  7,939  votes  against  no  opposi 
tion  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  no  regular  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,399  votes  against 
6.161  votes  for  Thomason,  American,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1853,  to  March  3, 1859;  was  commissioner 
of  Indian  affairs  May  13, 1859- April  13,  1601 ;  was  a 
representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Confederate 
Congress. 

Gregg,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Carlisle,  Pennsyl 
vania,  J  une  10, 1755 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
was  for  several  years  a  tutor  in  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania;  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
at  Middletown  1783-1789;  became  a  farmer  in  the 
wilderness;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Second  Congress,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth, 
and  Ninth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  24, 1791, 
to  March  3, 1807 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Pennsylvania,  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to 
March  3,  1813,  a  portion  of  which  time  he  was  presi 
dent  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate;  removed  to  Belle- 
fonte  in  1814;  was  appointed  secretary  of  state  for 
Pennsylvania  in  1816;  died  at  Bellefonte,  Pennsyl 
vania,  "May  20,  1835. 

Gregg,  James  M.,  was  born  in  Patrick  County, 
Virginia,  June  26,  1806;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1830,  and  commenced  practice  at  Danville,  Indiana :. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


419 


was  county-surveyor  of  Hendrick  County  1834-1837; 
was  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  1837-1845;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,787  votes 
against  10,840  votes  for  Coburn,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Gregory,  Dudley  S.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  New 
York,  where  he  was  engaged  in  the  iron-mines  of 
the  Adirondack  region ;  settled  in  Jersey  City,  where 
he  was  identified  with  the  legal  State  lotteries;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,322  votes 
against  4.962  votes  for-Cassedy,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  6, 1847,  to  March  3, 1849;  held  several 
local  offices ;  died  at  Jersey  City,  New  Jersey,  Decem 
ber  8,  1874. 

Greig,  John,  was  born  in  Dumfriesshire,  Scot 
land,  August  6, 1779 ;  was  educated  at  the  Edinburgh 
High  School;  emigrated  to  America  in  1797;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1804,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Cananduigua,  New  York;  was  president 
of  the  Ontario  Bank  1820-1856;  wras  a  regent  of  the 
State  University  1825-1858,  serving  as  vice-chancellor 
from  1845:  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Ontario 
Female  Seminary;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Whig  (in  the  place  of  Francis  Granger,  resigned  to 
accept  the  office  of  postmaster-general),  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  September  25,  1841,  when  he  re 
signed,  that  Francis  Granger  (who  had  been  super 
seded  as  postmaster-general)  might  again  be  elected ; 
was  president  of  the  Ontario  Agricultural  Society ; 
died  at  Canandaigua,  April  9,  1858. 

Grennell,  George,  jun.,  was  born  at  Green 
field,  Massachusetts,  December  25,  1786;  received  a 
classical  education  at  Deerfield  Academy,  and  gradu 
ated  at  Dartmouth  College  with  the  highest  honors 
in  1808;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1811,  and  commenced  practice  at  Greenfield;  was 
prosecuting-attorney  for  Franklin  County  1820-1828 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1824-1827 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth, 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  a  trustee  of  Amherst 
College  on  the  part  of  the  Commonwealth  1838- 
1859;  was  judge  of  probate  1849-1853;  was  clerk  of 
the  Franklin-county  courts  1853-1865;  was  one  of 
the  original  corporators  of  the  Troy  and  Greenfield 
Railroad,  and  its  first  president;  and,  after  a  serene 
old  age,  died  at  Greenfield,  Massachusetts,  November 
20,  1877. 

Grey,  Benjamin  E.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Hopkinsville ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1838-1839; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1847-1851 ;  was 
speaker  of  the  Senate  and  acting  lieutenant-governor 
in  1850;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
7,830  votes  against '4, 125  votes  for  Jennings,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
7,076  vt>tes  against  6,408  votes  for  Davie,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Grider,  Henry,  was  born  in  Garrard  County, 
Kentucky,  July  16,  1796;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Bowling  Green ;  served  as  a 
private  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1827  and  1831,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  1833-1S37 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1847 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Union  Whig,  receiving  10,392  votes 
against  3,111  votes  for  Lewis,  Secessionist;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 


8,654  votes  against  1,293  votes  for  Winfrey,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,528  votes  against  4,871  votes  for 
Lowry,  Union  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861, 
to  September  14,  1866,  when  he  died,  in  Warren 
County,  Kentucky. 

Griffin,  Cyrus,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1749; 
was  sent  to  England  to  receive  a  classical  and  legal 
education,  and  while  there  married  a  lady  belonging 
to  a  noble  family;  returning  to  Virginia,  he  was 
prominent  in  pre-Ilevolutionary  movements ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Colonial  House  of  Burgesses ;  was  a 
delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1781  and  in  1787-1788,  and  its  president  in  1788; 
was  president  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Admiralty 
from  its  creation  to  its  abolition;  was  commissioner 
to  the  Creek  nation  in  1789 ;  was  judge  of  the  United- 
States  District  Court  for  the  district  of  Virginia 
from  December,  1789,  until  his  death  at  Yorktown, 
Virginia,  December  14,  1810. 

Griffin,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March 
3,  1817. 

Griffin,  John  K.,  was  born  at  Milton,  South 
Carolina;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth, 
Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1841;  died  at 
Milton,  South  Carolina,  August  1,  1841. 

Griffin,  Samuel,  was  bom  in  Virginia ;  received 
a  classical  education ;  studied  law,  and  practised ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the 
Second  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3, 
1795. 

Griffin,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  received 
a  classical  education ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  17, 1803,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Griffith,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Wales,  Great 
Britain,  February  14,  1816;  was  educated  by  a  pri 
vate  teacher  and  at  Alleghauy  College,  Meadville; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and 
engaged  in  active  practice  at  Mercer;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-sec 
ond  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,14(5  votes 
against  13,337  votes  for  C.  W.  Gilfillan,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Grimes,  James  W.,  was  born  at  Deering,  New 
Hampshire,  October  20, 1816;  was  educated  at  Hamp 
ton  Academy  and  at  Dartmouth  College,  New 
Hampshire,  graduating  in  1836;  studied  law,  and 
commenced  its  practice  in  Iowa;  was  elected  to  the 
General  Assembly  of  Iowa  in  1838,  and  was  re-elected 
for  several  years;  was  governor  of  Iowa  from  1854  to 
1858;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Iowa 
in  1859  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  George  W.  Jones, 
Democrat),  and  was  re-elected  in  1865,  serving  from 
March  4,  1859,  to  March  3,  1871;  he  founded  a  pro 
fessorship  in  Iowa  College  at  Grinnell,  and  furnished 
free  tuition  perpetually  for  several  students  there 
and  at  Dartmouth  College,  and  he  established  a  free 
public  library  at  Burlington ;  soon  after  leaving  the 
Senate  he  had  a  stroke  of  paralysis,  but  a  European 
tour  improved  his  health;  soon  after  his  return  he 
died  at  Burlington,  Iowa,  of  heart  disease,  February 
7,  1872. 

Grinnell,  Joseph,  was  born  at  New  Bedford, 
Massachusetts,  November  17,  1788;  was  educated  at 
private  schools  and  at  Friends' Academy;  received  a 
mercantile  training  in  his  father's  counting-room; 
removed  to  New  York  in  1809;  commenced  business 
as  a  commission-merchant,  and  continued  it  until 
1829,  when  he  retired ;  travelled  in  Europe,  and,  on 
his  return,  removed  back  to  New  Bedford ;  was  a 


420 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


member  of  the  governor's  council  1839-1841;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  297 
majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  3,806  votes  against  1,788  votes  for  Coffin, 
Democrat,  and  408  Abolition  and  scattering;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 4,719 
votes  against  2,476  votes  for  Rowland,  Democrat, 
and  1,199  for  Fessenden,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  president 
of  the  New-Bedford  and  Taunton  Railroad,  of  the 
First  National  Bank,  and  of  the  Wamsutta  cotton 
factory. 

Grinnell,  Josiah  B.,  was  born  at  New  Haven, 
Vermont,  December  22,  1821;  received  a  classical 
and  theological  education ;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1855, 
and  engaged  largely  in  agricultural  pursuits,  devoting 
himself  especially  to  wool-growing ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  for  four  years ;  was  a  special  agent 
of  the  Post-office  Department  for  two  years;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,9UO 
votes  against  11,529  votes  for  Martin,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
16,916  votes  against  10,592  votes  for  Ira  C.  Mitchell, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March 
3,  1867. 

Grinnell,  Moses  H.,  was  born  at  New  Bedford, 
Massachusetts,  March  3,  1803 ;  received  an  academic 
education;  entered  a  counting-room  at  New  York  in 
1818;  made  several  voyages  as  supercargo;  became  a 
partner  in  the  house  of  Fish,  Grinnell,  &  Co.,  which 
in  1832  became  the  house  of  Grinnell,  Minturn,  & 
Co.,  and  from  which  he  retired  in  1860;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty -sixth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  20,563  votes  against 
19,205  votes  for  C.  C.  Cambreleng,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  Whig  candidate  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  20,996  votes  against  22,010  votes 
for  J.  J.  Roosevelt,  Democrat;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  theFillmore  and  Dayton  ticket;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  president  of  the 
Merchants'  Clerks'  Savings  Bank,  a  commissioner  of 
charities  and  corrections,  a  member  of  the  original 
Central-park  Commission,  and  a  member  of  the 
Union  Defence  Committee ;  was  collector  of  the  port 
of  New  York  March,  1869- July,  1870;  died  of  heart- 
complaint  at  New  York  November  24,  1877. 

Griswold,  Gaylord,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1787 ;  removed  to  Herkimer,  New  York ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1796-1798;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Griswold,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Nassau,  New 
York,  in  1822;  received  an  academic  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  became  a  large 
manufacturer  of  iron  and  Bessemer  steel ;  was  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Troy  in  1850 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  12,226  votes  against  10,939 
votes  for  Dodd,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,251  votes  against  12,928  votes  for  William  A.  Van 
Alstyne,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  15,689  votes  against  10,373  votes 
for  Milliman,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1869;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  governor  of  New  York  in  1868 
by  John  T.  Hoffman,  Democrat,  who  received  a 
majority  of  27,946;  died  at  Troy,  New  York,  October 
31,  1872. 

Griswold,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Greene 
County,  New  York,  in  1827 ;  received  an  academic 
education  ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Greene  County;  was 
district-attorney  of  Greene  County  1856-1859;  was 


county-judge  1864-1 868;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,201  votes  against  11,692  votes 
for  Cornell,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1871. 

Griswold,  Roger,  was  born  at  Lyme,  Connect 
icut,  May  21,  1762;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1780 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1783,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Norwich;  removed  back  to  Lyme  in  1794;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Fourth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  7, 1795,  to  March  3,  1805 ; 
was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Connecticut  in  1807;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Pinckney  and  King  ticket  in  1809 ;  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Connecticut  1809-1811,  and  governor 
1811-1813;  removed  in  1814  to  Norwich,  Connecticut, 
and  died  there  October  25,  1812. 

Griswold,  Stanley,  was  born  at  Torringford, 
Connecticut,  November,  1768;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1786; 
studied  theology ;  was  pastor  of  the  church  at  Mil- 
ford,  Connecticut,  1790-1802 ;  preached  a  short  time 
at  Greenfield,  Massachusetts;  became  the  editor  of  a 
Democratic  paper  at  Walpole,  New  Hampshire,  in 
1804;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  secretary 
of  the  Territory  of  Michigan  in  1805;  removed  to 
Ohio;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from 
Ohio  (in  place  of  Edward  Tiffin,  resigned),  serving 
from  June  2,  1809,  to  January  12,  1810,  when  his 
successor  took  his  seat;  was  appointed  United-States 
judge  for  the  North-west  Territory;  died  at  Shawnee- 
town,  Illinois,  August  21,  1815. 

Groesbeck,  William  S.,  was  born  in  New 
York  in  1826;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1851 ;  was 
a  commissioner  to  codify  the  laws  of  Ohio  in  1852 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,738  votes 
against  4,343  votes  for  Gtirley,  Republican,  and  3,229 
for  Harrison,  American,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  a  member  of  the  Peace 
Congress  of  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
of  Ohio  in  1862;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union 
Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866 ;  was  one  of  the 
counsel  of  President  Johnson  when  he  was  im 
peached  before  the  Senate  in  1868. 

Gross,  Ezra  C.,  was  born  in  Windsor  County, 
Vermont;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  the  University  of  Vermont  in  1806;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Elizabethtown,  New  York;  was  surrogate  of  Essex 
County  1819-1821 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821; 
was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1828  and  1829 ;  and  died  at  Keeseville,  New  York, 
August  6,  1829. 

Gross,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  elected  a  representative  front  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  6, 1819,  to  March  3, 1823. 

Grosvenqr,  Thomas  P.,  was  born  at  Pomfret, 
Connecticut,  in  1780;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1806;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Hudson,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1810-1812;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twelfth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Robert  LeRoy  Livingston,  re 
signed)  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
teenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
January  29,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Grout,   Jonathan,   was  born    at   Lunenburg, 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


421 


Worcester  County,  Massachusetts,  July  23,  1737; 
served  in  the  colonial  expedition  against  Canada 
1757-1760;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Petersham,  Massachusetts, 
where  he  owned  a  valuable  farm,  which  he  carried 
on ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war ;  was  somewhat 
identified  with  Shays's  rebellion;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  First  Con 
gress,  after  several  trials,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  became  pecuniarily 
embarrassed,  and  left  Massachusetts  in  1803,  residing 
much  of  his  time  at  Lunenburg,  Vermont ;  and  died 
at  Dover,  New  Hampshire,  while  attending  to  pro 
fessional  business  there,  September  8,  1807. 

Grove,  William  B.,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina,  and  was  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Second,  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh 
Congresses,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March 
3,  1803. 

Grover,  A.  P.,  was  born  in  Ontario  County, 
New  York,  February  18,  1819 ;  removed  to  Kentucky 
in  1837;  received  a  collegiate  education  at  Centre 
College;  studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1843  at  Louisville,  Kentucky ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Kentucky  in  1858,  1859,  1860,  1861, 
1862,  1863,  1864,  and  1865 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,118  votes  against  2,417  votes 
for  Jacob,  Conservative,  and  742  for  Ballitt,  Radical, 
serving  from  December  3,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Grover,  Lafayette,  was  born  at  Bethel,  Oxford 
County,  Maine ;  received  a  classical  education ;  was  two 
years  at  Bowdoin  College ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  commenced  practice  at  Phila 
delphia;  removed  to  Oregon ;  was  elected  by  the  Terri 
torial  legislature  prosecuting-attorney  for  the  Second 
Judicial  District,  and  as  auditor  of  public  accounts 
for  the  Territory  1851-1852 ;  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  legislature  in  1853;  was  appointed  by  the 
Department  of  the  Interior  as  a  commissioner  to 
audit  the  spoliation  claims  growing  out  of  the  Rogue- 
river  Indian  war  in  1854;  was  again  elected  a  member 
of  the  legislature  in  1855,  at  which  session  he  served 
as  speaker  of  the  House;  was  appointed  by  the 
secretary  of  war  as  a  member  of  the  board  of  com 
missioners  to  audit  the  Indian-war  expenses  of 
Oregon  and  Washington  in  1856;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  which  framed  the  constitution 
of  Oregon  in  1857;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Oregon  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5,859  votes  against  4,199  votes  for 
Kelly  and  47  for  McBride,  Republicans,  and  serving 
from  February  15,  1859,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  chair 
man  of  the  Democratic  State  Central  Committee 
1866-1870;  was  elected  governor  of  Oregon  in  1870 
for  the  term  of  four  years;  was  re-elected  in  1874, 
and  served  until  February  1, 1877,  when  he  resigned, 
having  been  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat  (to  succeed  James  K.  Kelly,  Democrat), 
and  took  his  seat  March  8, 1877.  His  term  of  service 
will  expire  March  3,  1883. 

Grover,  Martin,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New- 
York  ;  received  an  English  education ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Angelica, 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Native- 
American  Democrat,  receiving  9,115  votes  against 
8,893  votes  for  Cady,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
1.  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  elected,  in  November, 
1857,  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  for  an  unex- 
pired  term  of  two  years,  and  was  elected  in  1859 
for  a  full  term;  was  elected  in  1867  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals;  and,  when  that  branch  of  the 
New-York  judiciary  was  re-organized,  he  was  elected 
an  associate  judge  in  1870  for  a  term  of  fourteen 
years ;  he  died  at  Angelica,  New  York,  August  23, 
1875. 

Grow,  Galusha  A.,  was  born  at  Ashford,  Con 
necticut,  August  31,  1823 ;  received  a  classical  edu 


cation,  graduating  at  Amherst  College  in  1844; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Ashford;  removed  in 
1848  to  Glenwood  in  Pennsylvania,  which  was  in 
the  famous  "Wilmot  District;"  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,880  votes 
against  5,730  votes  for  Adams,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  8,062  votes 
against  495  votes  for  Horton ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
13,325  votes  against  5,361  votes  for  Sherwood,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  11,165  votes  against  3,359  votes  for  Joel 
Parkhurst,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  14,922  votes  against 
5,984  votes  for  Sherwood,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1863.  During  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  he  served  as  speaker  of 
the  House;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Repub 
lican  Conventions  which  nominated  Lincoln  and 
Grant;  removed  to  Philadelphia  in  1869,  and  en 
gaged  in  manufacturing ;  was  elected  in  1872  presi 
dent  of  a  Texas  railroad,  and  removed  to  that  State, 
where  he  resided  until  1877,  when  he  returned  to 
Pennsylvania. 

Grundy,  Felix,  was  born  in  Berkeley  County, 
Virginia,  September  11,  1777;  when  he  was  two 
years  of  age  his  family  removed  to  Brownsville, 
Pennsylvania,  and  thence,  in  1780,  to  Kentucky; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Kentucky  Constitutional  Convention  of  1799; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1800-1805;  was  chosen  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Kentucky  in  1806,  and  soon  afterwards  chief 
justice;  removed  to  Nashville,  Tennessee,  in  1807; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  as  a  War  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  receiving  3,058  votes 
against  769  votes  for  Cannon,  Whig,  serving  from 
November  4,  1811,  to  1814,  when  he  resigned;  was  a 
member  of  the  Tennessee  House  of  Representatives 
1815-1819;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Tennessee  (in  place  of  John  H.  Eaton,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  7, 1820,  to  July  4,  1838,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren 
attorney-general  of  the  United  States,  serving  from 
July  5, 1838,  to  December  1, 1840,  when  he  resigned, 
having  again  been  elected  United-States  senator. 
Having  doubts  as  to  whether  he  was  eligible,  he 
returned  to  Tennessee;  and,  becoming  an  "in 
habitant"  of  the  State,  he  was  again  elected  De 
cember  14, 1840;  but  he  died  at  Nashville,  Tennessee, 
December  19,  1840. 

Gunckel,  Lewis  B.,  was  born  at  Germantown, 
Ohio,  October  15,  1826;  graduated  at  Farmer's  Col 
lege  in  1848,  and  at  the  law-scHool  of  Cincinnati 
College  in  1851;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  the  same 
year,  and  has  been  in  active  practice  in  Dayton  ever 
since;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  in  1856 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Senate  of 
Ohio  during  the  sessions  of  1862,  1863,  1864,  and 
1865 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  the  Ohio  Electoral 
College  of  1864;  was  appointed  by  Congress  one  of 
the  managers  of  the  National  Asylum  for  Disabled 
Volunteer  Soldiers  in  1864,  and  re-appointed  for  a 
term  of  six  years  in  1870;  was  appointed  United- 
States  commissioner  to  investigate  Indian  frauds  in 
1871 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
16,604  votes  against  14,627  votes  for  J.  J.  Winans, 
Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
14,312  votes  against  15,411  votes  for  J.  A.  McMahon, 
Democrat. 

Gunn,  James,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 


422 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Savannah, 
Georgia;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Georgia  in  the  First  Congress;  and  was  re-elected, 
.  sen-ing  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Gunter,  Thomas  Monticue,  was  born  in  Mid 
dle  Tennessee,  September  18,  1820 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Irving  College  in  1850; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Fayetteville  in  1853 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Washington  County  in  the  Arkansas  State 
Convention  of  May,  1861 ;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army  as  colonel  of  the  Thirteenth  Arkansas  Volun 
teers  ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attcrney  for  the  Fourth 
Judicial  Circuit  in  18(56,  and  held  the  office  until  his 
official  position  was  terminated  by  the  reconstruction 
of  the  State  in  1868 ;  contested  the  seat  of  W.  W.  Wil- 
shire  in  the  Forty-third  Congress,  and  the  House 
declared  that  he  was  entitled  to  it  June  16,  1874; 
was  re-elected  a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,828 
votes  against  791  votes  for  W.  L.  Landers,  Repub- 
lican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  12,355  votes  against  4,167  votes  for  Huckle 
berry,  Republican,  serving  from  June  16,  1874. 

Gurley,  Henry  H.?  was  born  at  Lebanon,  Con 
necticut,  in  1787;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Williamstown  College;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana;  was  United-States  judge 
for  the  district  of  Louisiana;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  defeating  W.  S.  Hamilton ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  Congress  without  opposition;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  137 
majority  over  W.  S.  Hamilton ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Baton  Rouge,  Louisi 
ana,  in  1832. 

Gurley,  John  A.,  was  born  at  East  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  December  9, 1813;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  theology;  was  ordained  as  pastor 
of  a  Universalist  church  at  Methuen,  Massachusetts, 
1834-1837;  removed  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  he 
was  pastor  of  a  society,  and  editor  of  "The  Star  in 
the  West;"  retired  from  the  ministry  in  1850;  was 
defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  4,343  votes  against  5,738 
votes  for  W.  S.  Groesbeck,  Democrat ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,054  votes  against 
7,263  votes  for  W.  S.  Groesbeck,  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
8,469  votes  against  7,586  votes  for  Long,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  governor  of  Ari 
zona,  and  was  on  his  way  there,  when  he  died  sud 
denly  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  August  19,  1863. 

Gustine,  Amos,  resided  at  Mifflintown,  Penn 
sylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  (in  the  place  of  William  S.  Ramsey,  deceased), 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Guthrie,  James,  was  born  in  Nelson  County, 
Kentucky,  December  5, 1792 ;  was  educated  at  McAl- 
istcr's  Academy,  Bardstown,  Kentucky;  commenced 
life  in  the  Mississippi-river  trade,  buying  up  the 
produce  of  the  country,  and  taking  it  to  New  Orleans 
in  flatboats,  returning  by  land  cither  on  foot  or  on 
horseback;  studied  and  practised  law  at  Bardstown, 
Kentucky;  in  1S2L)  moved  to  Louisville  with  an  ap 
pointment  from  the  governor  as  Commonwealth's 
attorney ;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Ken 
tucky  for  a  number  of  years,  first  as  representative, 
and  afterwards  as  senator;  was  elected  a  delegate  to 
and  chosen  president  of  the  convention  that  framed 
the  new  constitution  of  Kentucky ;  was  president  of 
the  University  of  Louisville,  of  the  Louisville  and 
Portland  Canal  Company,  and  of  the  Loiiisville  and 
Nashville  Railroad  Company;  was  appointed  secre 
tary  of  the  treasury  in  1853;  was  elected  United- 


States  senator  from  Kentucky  as  a  Democrat  (to 
succeed  L.  Powell),  serving  from  March  4,  18C5,  to 
February  7,  1868,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of 
ill  health;  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  March  13, 
1869. 

Guyon,  James,  jun.,  was  born  in  Richmond 
County,  New  York,  in  1777;  received  an  academic 
education;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1812-1814 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  hav 
ing  successfully  contested  the  election  of  Ebonezer 
Sage,  serving  from  January  14,  1820,  to  March  3, 
1820 ;  died  on  his  ancestral  estate  in  Richmond  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  March  8,  1846. 
"  Gwin,  William  M.,  was  born  in  Summer 
County,  Tennessee,  October  9,  1805;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Transylvania  Univer 
sity,  Lexington,  Kentucky;  studied  medicine;  was 
admitted  to  practice,  and  removed  to  Mississippi; 
was  appointed  United-States  marshal  for  Mississippi 
in  October,  1833 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  23,  1841,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  superintendent  of  the  erection  of  the 
Custom  House  at  New  Orleans :  removed  to  Califor 
nia  in  1848;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1849;  was  elected  one  of  the  first 
United-States  senators  from  California  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  September  10,  1850,  to  March  3, 
1855 ;  was  re-elected  a  senator,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  16,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  identified  with 
the  Southern  Confederacy,  and  with  the  Mexican 
imperial  government  of  Maximilian  as  the  leader  of  a 
proposed  southern  emigration  to  Sonora;  returned 
to  California,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits. 

Gwinnett,  Button,  was  born  in  England  in 
1732;  received  an  academic  education;  immigrated  to 
America  in  1770,  and  settled  at  Charleston,  where  he 
engaged  in  commercial  pursuits;  removed  to  St. 
Catherine's  Island,  Georgia,  and  became  a  planter; 
was  prominent  in  the  ante-Revolutionary  movements ; 
was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1775-1776,  and  was  one  of  the  signers  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  February,  1777; 
was  an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  of  Geor 
gia;  was  mortally  wounded  in  a  duel  with  General 
Mclntosh  May  15,  1777,  and  died  May  27,  1777. 

Habersham,  John,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  in  1754;  received  a  good  English  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  took  an  active  part 
in  pre-Revolutionary  movements ;  was  major  of  the 
First  Georgia  Continental  Regiment ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Continental  Congress  from  Georgia  1785-1786; 
was  collector  of  customs  at  Savannah  1789-1799; 
died  at  his  residence,  near  Savannah,  November  19, 
1799. 

Habersham,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  July  28, 1751;  received  a  thorough  English 
education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  one 
of  the  original  Sons  of  Liberty  in  July,  1774;  took 
an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements,  and 
in  several  seizures  of  royal  munitions  of  war;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  major,  and  afterwards 
as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  Georgia  Battalion ; 
wras  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  and  its  speaker 
in  1785  and  1790;  was  postmaster-general  of  the 
United  States  February  25,  1795-November  28, 1801 ; 
was  president  of  the  branch  of  the  United-States 
Bank  at  Savannah  from  1802  until  the  expiration  of 
its  charter;  died  at  Savannah,  Georgia,  November 
17,  1815. 

Habersham,  Richard  W.,  was  born  at  Savan 
nah,  Georgia,  in  1786;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1805;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Clarkesville,  Habersham  County;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  32, 150 
votes  against  30,967  votes  for  Iverson,  Democrat; 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


423 


and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  39,379  votes  against  35,496  votes  for  Edward 
J.  Black,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
until  his  death  at  Clarkesvifle,  Georgia,  December  2, 
1842. 

Hackett,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  in  Georgia; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Home ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,773 
votes  against  5, 864  votes  for  Calhoun,  Whig,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3, 1851 ;  died  at 
Marietta,  Georgia,  October  8,  1851. 

Hackley,  Aaron,  jun.,  was  born  at  New  Haven, 
Connecticut ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  re 
moved  to  Herkimer,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 
New- York  State  House  of  Representatives  1814, 1815, 
and  1818;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6, 1819,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Hagans,  John  Marshall,  was  born  at  Bran- 
donville,  Virginia,  August  13,  1838;  received  an  aca 
demic  education ;  attended  the  law -school  at  Harvard 
University,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859;  was 
elected  prosecuting-attorney  for  Monongalia  County, 
West  Virginia,  in  1862 ;  was  re-elected  in  1863,  1864, 
and  1870 ;  was  appointed  law-reporter  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Appeals  of  West  Virginia  in  January,  1864, 
and  held  the  position  until  the  4th  of  March,  1873; 
was  elected  mayor  of  Morgantowii  in  1866,  1867,  and 
1869;  was  the  elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  for 
the  Second  Congressional  District  during  the  presi 
dential  contest  in  1868;  was  elected  a  delegate  for 
the  County  of  Monongalia  to  the  convention  which 
framed  the  present  constitution  of  West  Virginia 
in  October,  1871 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  West  Virginia  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  in 
August,  1872,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  a  majority 
of  2,841  over  his  competitors,  serving  from  January 
27,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875;  his  election  was  unsuc 
cessfully  contested  by  Benjamin  F.  Martin. 

Hager,  John  S.,  was  born  in  Morris  County, 
New  Jersey,  March  12,  1818;  was  graduated  at 
Princeton  College,  New  Jersey,  in  1836;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  practised  law  at 
Morristown,  New  Jersey;  went  to  California  in  1849; 
in  1852  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  from  the  city 
and  county  of  San  Francisco,  and  served  two  years ;  in 
1855  was  elected  State  district-judge  for  the  district 
of  San  Francisco,  and  served  six  years ;  in  1865,  and 
again  in  1867,  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  from 
San  Francisco,  and  served  six  years;  in  1871  was 
elected  a  regent  of  the  University  of  the  State  of 
California;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
California  as  an  Anti-Monopoly  Democrat  (for  the 
unexpired  term  of  Eugene  Casserly,  resigned),  and 
served  from  February  9, 1874,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Hahn,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to 
March  3,  1817. 

Hahn,  Michael,  was  born  at  Klingeminster, 
Bavaria,  November  7,  1830;  his  family  emigrated  in 
the  following  year  to  New- York  City,  where  they 
remained  until  1840;  they  then  removed  to  Texas, 
and  soon  after  to  New  Orleans;  received  a  public- 
sehool  education;  studied  law  in  the  office  of 
Christian  Roselius ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  before 
he  was  twenty-one,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
Orleans;  was  appointed  a  notary  under  the  Con 
federate-States  Government,  and  took  an  oath  of 
allegiance  to  the  Southern  Confederacy;  when  the 
Union  forces  captured  New  Orleans  he  repudiated 
this  oath,  and  identified  himself  with  the  reconstruc 
tion  movements;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Unionist,  receiving  2,581  votes  against  1,450  votes 
for  Durell,  Unionist,  and  436  votes  for  Jacob  Barker, 
Secessionist,  and  serving  from  February  17,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1863;  was  governor  of  Louisiana  1864- 
1868. 


Haight,  Charles,  was  born  at  Colt's  Neck,  New 
Jersey,  January  4,  1838;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1857;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  New  Jersey  in 
1861  and  1862,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker  of  the' 
House;  was  commissioned  as  brigadier-general  of 
militia  in  1861,  and  was  active  in  raising  troops 
during  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,825 
votes  against  13,476  votes  for  Newell,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  16,299  votes  against  15,494  votes  for  Rusling, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1871. 

Haight,  Edward,  was  born  at  New  York  March 
26, 1817 ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  president  of  the  Bank 
of  the  Commonwealth,  and  a  director  of  several 
charitable  institutions;  resided  at  Westchcster;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,389 
votes  against  9,882  votes  for  Nelson,  Republican,  and 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Haile,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  1797 ;  removed  to 
Mississippi,  and  settled  at  Woodville;  held  several 
local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Christopher  Rankin,  deceased),  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  1,265  votes 
against  1,016  votes  for  Bingham,  and  911  votes  for 
Grayson,  serving  from  December  4,  1826,  to  1828, 
when  he  resigned;  died  at  Woodville,  Mississippi, 
March  7,  1837. 

Hailey,  John,  was  born  in  Smith  County,  Ten 
nessee,  August  29,  1835 ;  received  a  limited  common- 
school  education ;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Mis 
souri  in  1848;  left  home  in  1853,  and  went  to  Oregon; 
left  Oregon  in  1863,  and  settled  in  Idaho;  and  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Idaho  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,C99  votes  against 
1,654  votes  for  J.  W.  Huston,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Haldeman,  Richard  J.,  was  born  at  Harris- 
burg,  Pennsylvania,  May  19, 1831 ;  studied  in  the  acad 
emy  and  at  Captain  Partridge's  military  school  at 
Harrisburg;  graduated  at  Yale  College,  Connecticut, 
in  August,  1851 ;  the  same  year  he  visited  Europe, 
and  studied  a  short  time  in  the  universities  of 
Berlin  and  Heidelberg;  in  1853  he  went  with  Hon. 
John  Y.  Mason,  United-States  minister  to  France, 
as  attache  of  legation  in  Paris,  and  later  accompanied 
Hon.  Thomas  H.  Seymour  in  a  similar  capacity  to 
St.  Petersburg;  he  travelled  throughout  Scandinavia, 
Central  and  Southern  Europe,  and  the  Far  East;  in 
1857  purchased  "The  Daily  and  Weekly  Patriot  and 
Union"  in  Harrisburg,  and  edited  it  until  1860;  in 
1860  he  was  a  delegate  to  the  Charleston  and  Balti 
more  conventions ;  he  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  15,818  votes  against  12,519  votes 
for  Small;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  13,866  votes  against  10,416  votes 
for  W.  B.  Raber,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1869,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Hale,  Artemas,  was  born  at  Winchendon, 
Massachusetts,  October  20,  1783 ;  worked  on  a  farm 
until  he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age,  receiving  a 
public-school  education ;  taught  school  at  Hingham 
1804-1814;  removed  to  Bridgewater,  where  he  en 
gaged  in  manufacturing ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  for  several 
years;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1853;  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(in  the  place  of  Isaac  C.  Bates,  deceased)  as  a  Whig, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  4,937  votes  against  3,718  votes  for  Hooper,  Demo 
crat,  and  1,205  votes  Abolition  and  scattering,  serving 
from  December  7,  1846,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  a 


424 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1864. 

Hale,  Eugene,  was  born  at  Turner,  Maine,  June 
9,  1836;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1857,  and  commenced  practice  at  Ellsworth ;  was  for 
nine  successive  years  county-attorney  for  Hancock 
County;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Maine 
in  1867  and  1868;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,363  votes  against  11,677  votes  for  Wis- 
well,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  10,806  votes  against  8,876  votes 
for  P.  J.  Carleton,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  14,181  votes  against 
10,918  votes  for  F.  A.  Pike,  Liberal  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
10,695  votes  against  8,226  votes  for  C.  A.  Spofford, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  15,089  votes  against  12,178  votes 
for  W.  H.  McLellan,  Democrat,  serving  from  March 
4, 1869.  He  declined  the  oifice  of  postmaster-general 
offered  him  by  President  Grant  in  June,  1874,  and 
by  President  Hayes  in  March,  1877. 

Hale,  James  T.,  was  born  in  Bradford  County, 
Pennsylvania,  October,  1810 ;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1832,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bellefonte,  Penn 
sylvania;  was  appointed  president -judge  of  the 
Twentieth  Judicial  District;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,238  votes 
against  7,349  votes  for  White,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
11,907  votes  against  10,243  votes  for  Fleming,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,272  votes  against  8,855  votes  for 
Armstrong,  Republican,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  died  at  Bellefonte,  Pennsyl 
vania,  April  7,  1865. 

Hale,  John  Parker,  was  born  at  Rochester, 
New  Hampshire,  March  31, 1806;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1827; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Dover,  New  Hamp 
shire;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1832;  was  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  in  1834  United-States  attorney  for  the 
district  of  New  Hampshire,  and  was  removed  by 
President  Tyler  in  1840  for  party  reasons;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  re- 
nominated  by  the  Democrats  as  their  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  but  his  views  against 
the  annexation  of  Texas  on  antislavery  grounds 
caused  the  Democratic  leaders  to  pronounce  him  a 
traitor,  call  a  new  convention,  and  nominate  another 
candidate ;  he  ran  as  an  Independent  candidate,  re 
ceiving  3,137  votes  against  5,388  votes  for  Woodbury, 
Democrat,  and  4,357  votes  for  Goodwin,  Whig  (there 
being  no  choice,  the  district  was  unrepresented) ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1846,  and  was 
chosen  speaker;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
as  an  Antislavery  man,  serving  from  December  6, 
1847,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  nominated  in  1852  as 
the  Free-soil  candidate  for  the  presidency  against 
Franklin  Pierce,  Democrat,  and  Winfield  Scott, 
Whig,  receiving  157,685  votes,  of  which  440  were 
from  the  slave  States;  at  the  expiration  of  his 
senatorial  term  the  Democrats  were  in  power,  and 
he  was  not  re-elected ;  he  devoted  the  ensuing  two 
years  to  professional  duties  in  New- York  City, 
but  retained  his  residence  in  Dover;  was  elected 
again  in  1855  to  the  United-States  Senate  for  the 
short  term,  and  re-elected  for  the  long  term,  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1865;  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  minister  to  Spain, 
serving  March,  1865-July,  1869 ;  returning  to  Dover, 
his  health  became  impaired,  which  he  ascribed  to 
the  results  of  the  National-hotel  poisoning;  and  he 


met  with  two  accidents,  which  caused  him  great 
pain  until  he  died  at  Dover,  New  Hampshire, 
November  18,  1873. 

Hale,  Robert  S.,  was  born  at  Chelsea,  Vermont, 
September  24,  1822 ;  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Vermont  in  1842;  studied  law,  and,  after  having  been 
admitted  to  the  bar,  practised  at  Elizabethtown, 
New  York;  was  judge  of  Essex  County,  New  York, 
from  1856  until  1864;  was  appointed  a  regent  of  the 
University  of  New  York  in  1859;  was  a  presidential 
elector  from  the  Twenty-first  District  of  New  York 
in  1860;  was  special  counsel  of  the  United  States, 
charged  with  the  defence  of  the  "  abandoned  and 
captured  property  claims"  from  1868  to  1870;  was 
agent  and  counsel  for  the  United  States  before  the 
American  and  British  Mixed  Commission  under 
the  Treaty  of  Washington  from  1871  to  1873;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Orlando  Kellogg) ;  and  was  elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,025  votes  against  8,174  votes  for  II.  Heaton,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Hale,  Salma,  was  born  at  Alsted,  New  Hamp 
shire,  March  7,  1787;  learned  the  art  of  printing  in 
the  office  of  "  The  Walpole  Farmer's  Museum,"  and 
in  1805  became  the  editor  of  "  The  Walpole  Political 
Observatory;"  studied  law  with  Hon.  Roger  Vose; 
was  appointed  clerk  of  the  Cheshire-county  Court 
of  Common  Pleas,  and  removed  to  Keene  in  1813; 
was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  until  March  3,  1819, 
and  declined  a  re-election ;  was  clerk  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  New  Hampshire  from  May,  1817,  until  May, 
1834;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  October,  1834;  was 
secretary  to  the  Boundary  Commission  .appointed 
under  the  Treaty  of  Ghent;  was  several  times  a 
member  of  the  New-Hampshire  Senate  and  House 
of  Representatives;  died  at  Keene  November  19, 
1866.  He  published  the  "Annals  of  Keene,"  a 
"History  of  the  United  States  for  Schools,"  and 
other  works. 

Hale,  William,  was  born  at  Dover,  New  Hamp 
shire  ;  received  a  thorough  English  education ;  held 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1811 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
on  the  Peace  ticket  headed  by  Daniel  Webster,  re 
ceiving  18,583  votes  against  16,066  votes  for  D.  L. 
Merrill,  War  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1817;  died  at  Dover,  New  Hampshire, 
November  8,  1840. 

Haley,  Blisha,  was  born  at  Mystic,  Connecticut ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Hall,  Augustus,  was  born  at  Batavia,  New 
York,  April  29,  1814;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Marysville,  Ohio,  in 
1837;  was  county-attorney  1840-1842;  removed  to 
Kessauque,  Iowa,  in  1844;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in  1852 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,221  votes  against 
11,042  votes  for  R.  G.  B.  Clarke,  Republican,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857; 
his  election  was  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Mr. 
Clarke ;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  chief 
justice  of  Nebraska;  died  near  Bellevue,  Nebraska, 
February  1,  1861. 

Hall,  Boiling,  was  born  in  Georgia  in  1789;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education  from  a  private  tutor; 
held  several  local  offices ;  was  for  four  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a  repre- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


425 


sentative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twelfth,  Congress  as  a 
War  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  13,126 
votes;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses  from  March  4,  1811,  to  March  3, 
1817;  retired  to  private  life;  removed  to  Alabama, 
where  he  engaged  in  planting,  near  Montgomery, 
and  died  March  25,  1836.  ' 

Hall,  Chapin,  was  born  at  Ellicott,  Chautauqua 
County,  New  York,  July  12,  1816;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  to  Warren,  Pennsylvania; 
engaged  in  lumbering  and  mercantile  operations; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,905  votes  against  8,111  votes  for  James  L.  Gillis, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 1859,  to  March 
3,  1861. 

Hall,  George,  was  born  at  New  Haven,  Con 
necticut;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Onondaga,  New  York;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1816;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1821. 

Hall,  Hiland,  was  born  at  Bennington,  Ver 
mont,  July  20,  1795;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1819,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bennington;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1827;  was  State's  attorney  1828-1831;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty -third,  Twenty -fourth,  Twenty -fifth,  and 
Twenty -sixth  Congresses,  receiving  at  the  last 
election  5,211  votes  against  4,328  votes  for  John 
Roberts,  Democrat,  and  138  scattering;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
6,381  votes  against  4,116  votes  for  Daniel  Kellogg, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  State  bank-commissioner  1843-1846; 
was  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1846-1850; 
was  second  comptroller  of  the  treasury  November 
27,  1850-September  10, 1851 ;  was  United-States  land- 
commissioner  for  California  1851-1854;  returning  to 
Vermont,  he  resided  on  the  farm  on  which  he  was 
born ;  was  governor  of  Vermont  1859 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861.  He  published  the 
History  of  Vermont. 

Hall,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Essex  County,  Massa 
chusetts,  June  26,  1793;  received  an  academical 
education  at  Andover;  removed  to  Camden,  Maine, 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  a  sheriff, 
and  held  other  local  offices ;  was  for  four  years  post 
master  at  Camden,  Maine ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  1,600  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 1837;  was  navy  agent  of 
the  port  of  Boston  1849-1853;  was  a  clerk  in  the 
Boston  Custom  House;  died  in  1857. 

Hall,  Lawrence  W\,  was  born  in  Lake  County, 
Ohio,  in  1819;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Hudson  College  in  1839;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Bucyrus;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
1851-1856;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,561  votes  against  9,382  votes  for  Watson,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1859 ;  was  imprisoned  for  alleged  disloyalty  in  1862 ; 
and  died,  shortly  after  his  release,  at  Bucyrus,  Ohio, 
January  26,  1863. 

Hall,  Lyman,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in  1725; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1747;  studied  medicine;  was  licensed  to 
practise,  and  established  himself  at  Sunbury,  Georgia ; 
took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  conventions  held  in  i«774 
and  1775;  was  sent  as  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  March,  1775,  by  the  parish  of  St.  John's; 
he  was  elected  in  July  by  the  whole  province,  and 


was  re-elected  several  times,  serving  until  1780,  when 
he  was  called  home  by  the  invasion  of  the  State  by 
the  British,  who  confiscated  his  property;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Georgia  in  1783 ;  and  died  in  Burke  County, 
Georgia,  October  19,  1790. 

Hall,  Nathan  K.,  was  born  at  Marcellus,  New 
York,  March  28, 1810;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law  at  Buffalo  with  Millard  Fillmore ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Buffalo  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Fill- 
more,  Hall,  &  Haven;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1846 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849 ;  was  appointed  by  Mr.  Fillmore  postmaster- 
general,  serving  from  July  23,  1850- August  31,  1852; 
was  appointed  United-States  district-judge  for  the 
western  district  of  New  York,  and  held  the  position 
until  his  death  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  March  2, 1874. 

Hall,  Obed,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving 
from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813. 

Hall,  Robert  B.,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  January  28,  1812;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  theology,  and  was  ordained ;  was  one  of  the 
twelve  original  members  of  Garrison's  Antislavery 
Society  in  1832;  removed  to  Plymouth,  Massachu 
setts;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1855; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
5,335  votes  against  2,238  votes  for  Thomas  D.  Elliot, 
Whig,  and  854  votes  scattering ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  7,094  votes  against  1,830  votes  for  Moses  Bates, 
jun.,  Democrat,  and  1,601  votes  for  Daniel  Fisher, 
Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  3, 1855,  to  March 
3,  1859;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Union  Convention  at 
Philadelphia  in  1866 ;  died  at  Plymouth,  Massachu 
setts,  of  apoplexy. 

Hall,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  in  Edgecombe 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1733;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  medicine,  and  practised  medicine 
at  Tarborough;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seven 
teenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  until  March  3,  1825; 
was  defeated  for  re-election  by  Richard  Hines ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1836;  died 
at  Tarborough,  North  Carolina,  June  30,  1853. 

Hall,  Willard,  was  born  at  Westford,  Massa 
chusetts,  December  24,  1780;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1799; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1803,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Wilmington,  Delaware ;  was 
secretary  of  state  of  the  State  of  Delaware  1811-1814; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Delaware  in  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3, 1821 ;  was  again  secre 
tary  of  state  in  1821;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1822 ;  was  United-States 
district-judge  for  the  district  of  Delaware  1823-1872, 
when  he  resigned ;  and  died  at  Wilmington,  Delaware, 
May  10,  1875.  He  published  a  revision  of  the  State 
laws  of  Delaware  in  1829. 

Hall,  Willard  P.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  St.  Joseph,  Missouri ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  that  State  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  10,840  votes  against  4,418  votes 
for  Samuel,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  5,606  votes  against  5,505 
votes  for  Bowman,  Whig,  and  3,826  votes  for  Gar- 
denhire,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1853;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Mis 
souri  in  1861-1862,  and  acting  governor. 

Hall,  William,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1774; 
received  an  English  education;  removed  to  Green 


426 


CONGKESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Garden,  Tennessee;  served  in  the  Indian  wars,  and 
commanded  a  regiment  of  Tennessee  riflemen  under 
General  Jackson  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  for  a  num 
ber  of  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature,  and, 
as  speaker  of  the  Senate,  became  governor  of  Ten 
nessee  on  the  resignation  of  Governor  Sam.  Houston 
in  18:20;  was  major-general  of  militia;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  "Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  114  majority  over 
Robert  M.  Barton,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  2,  1833;  died  at  Green  Garden,  Tennessee. 

Hall,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Maine;  was 
taken  in  early  childhood  to  Virginia,  and  removed 
thence  to  Missouri  in  1841 ;  was  a  presidential  elect 
or  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844;  was  ap 
pointed  a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1847 ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1861 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  John  B. 
Clark,  expelled)  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  6,244  votes 
against  5,534  votes  for  Green,  Republican,  serving 
from  January  20,  1862,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Chi 
cago  in  1864. 

Hallock,  John,  jun.,  was  born  in  Orange 
County,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1816,  1817,  1820,  arid 
1821 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Halloway,  Hansom,  was  born  in  Dutchess 
County,  New  York;  received  a  thorough  English 
education;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  6,301  votes  against  1,681  votes  for  Bailey,  Demo 
crat,  and  4,333  votes  for  Gannun,  Cass  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851; 
died  at  Mount  Pleasant,  Maryland,  April  6,  1851. 

Halsey,  George  A.,  was  born  at  Springfield, 
New  Jersey,  December  7,  1827;  was  educated  at 
Springfield  Academy ;  established  himself  in  Newark 
as  a  manufacturer  in  1844;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly  of  New  Jersey  in  1861  and  1862 ;  was 
United-States  assessor  of  internal  revenue  from 
1862  until  1866;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  12,782  votes  against  11,847  votes  for  Gil- 
christ,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to 
March  3,  1869 ;  and  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,092 
votes  against  14,694  votes  for  O.  Cleveland,  Demo 
crat,  and  630  votes  for  Fitzpatrick,  Independent 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Halsey,  Jehiel  H.,  was  born  at  Lodi,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1832-1835. 

Halsey,  Nipoll,  was  born  in  Seneca  County, 
New  York ;  resided  at  Trumansburg ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1824 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835. 

Halsey,  Silas,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  from 
Onondaga  County  1796-1798,  and  from  Cayuga  Coun 
ty  1800-1804 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2, 1805,  to  March  3, 1807 ;  was  a  State  senator  in  1809. 

Halsted,  William,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1812;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1839;  was  refused  admission  to  the  Twenty-sixth 


Congress,  although  he  had  a  certificate  of  election 
with  the  broad  seal  of  the  State;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  28,192 
votes  against  27,951  votes  for  Philemon  Dickerson, 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1843. 

Hambleton,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Talbot 
County,  Maryland,  in  1812;  was  educated  at  the 
county  academy ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1833,  and  commenced  practice  at  Easton ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Delegates  in 
1834, 1835,  and  1853 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  from  1844  to  1850;  was  an  elector  of  President 
and  Vice-President  in  1844;  was  the  president  of  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal  in  1853  and  1854;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,703  votes 
against  4,606  votes  for^Torbert,  Republican;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  17,314  votes  against  13,348  votes  for 
H.  R.  Torbet,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1869,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Hamer,  Thomas  L.,  was  born  in  Pennyslvania; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Georgetown,  Ohio;  served  for  several  years  in  the 
Ohio  House  of  Representatives,  and  was  one  year  its 
speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1839;  while  a  representative  he  nominated  U.  S. 
Grant,  the  son  of  a  constituent,  to  be  a  cadet  at  West 
Point ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war,  volunteering  as  a 
private,  and  receiving  the  next  day  the  commission 
of  brigadier-general ;  died,  while  in  the  service,  at 
Monterey,  Mexico,  December  3,  1846. 

Hamill,  Patrick,  was  born  in  the  Green  Glades, 
Alleghany  County,  Maryland,  April  28,  1817;  was 
educated  at  private  schools ;  was  appointed  collector 
of  taxes  in  1841  and  1842 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  of  Maryland  in  1843  and 
1844;  was  appointed  and  served  for  three  years  as 
judge  of  the  Orphans'  Court  of  Alleghany  County, 
and  was  then  elected,  and  served  for  four  years  more; 
declined  a  nomination  to  the  State  convention  in 
1852;  engaged  in  farming  and  mercantile  pursuits; 
was  re-elected  in  1867  chief  judge  of  the  Orphans' 
Court  of  Alleghany  County ;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,239  votes  against 
11,653  votes  for  Weisel,  Radical,  serving  from  March 
4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Hamilton,  Alexander,  was  born  in  the  Island 
of  Nevis,  British  West  Indies,  January  11,  1757 ;  was 
a  counting-house  clerk  at  Santa  Cruz;  was  sent  to 
the  United  States  to  be  educated  in  1772 ;  was  a  stu 
dent  at  King's  (now  Columbia)  College  1773-1776; 
entered  the  Continental  army  in  March,  1776,  as  cap 
tain  of  artillery ;  was  appointed  aide-de-camp  by  Gen 
eral  Washington  March  1,  1777,  and  served  until 
February,  1781 ;  was  elected  as  a  Federalist  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Continental  Congress,  and  served  from 
November,  1772,  until  the  autumn  of  1783;  was  a 
member  of  the  convention  at  Annapolis  in  1786  that 
laid  the  foundation  of  the  general  convention  adopt- 
ing  the  Constitution ;  was  a  member  of  the  legisla 
ture  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  1787 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  which  met  at 
Philadelphia  in  1787 ;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
at  New-York  City;  was  secretary  of  the  treasury 
under  President  Washington  from  September  11, 
1789,  until  February  3, 1795;  resumed  practice  at  New 
York;  declined  the  position  of  chief  justice;  was 
appointed  by  General  Washington  inspector-general 
and  second  in  command  of  the  army  in  1798;  was 
distinguished  as  a  political  writer;  was  mortally 
wounded  by  Aaron  Burr  in  a  duel  at  Hoboken,  and 
died  at  New  York  the  next  day,  July  12,  1804.  He 
published  "The  Federalist,"  of  which  he  wrote  the 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


427 


larger  half;  and  his  works,  edited  by  his  son,  were 
published  in  seven  volumes. 

Hamilton,  Andrew  H.,  received  a  common- 
schuol  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fort  Wayne;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,318  votes 
against  12,083  votes  for  Taylor,  Republican ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  19,142 
votes  against  12,777  votes  for  Bonham,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Hamilton,  Andrew  JM  was  born  in  Madison 
County,  Alabama,  January  28,  1815;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  was  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  La  Grange,  Texas,  in  1846;  was 
attorney-general  of  Texas ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in  1856; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
16,409  votes  against  15,961  votes  for  Waul,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  military  governor 
of  Texas  in  1862,  and  provisional  governor  by  Presi 
dent  Johnson  in  1865 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Loyal 
ists'  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866 ;  resided  at 
Washington  as  a  claim  agent ;  and  died  at  Austin, 
Texas,  April  11,  1875. 

Hamilton,  Charles  M.,  was  born  in  Clinton 
County,  Pennsylvania,  November  1,  1840;  received 
an  academic  education;  studied  law;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  a  private  in  1861 ;  participated  in  six 
teen  battles,  and  was  wounded  at  Gaines's  Mill,  at 
Antietam,  and  at  Fredericksburg ;  was  appointed  a 
lieutenant  in  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  in  October, 
1863;  was  detailed  as  judge-advocate,  and  served  in 
that  capacity  until  1865;  was  appointed  assistant 
commissioner  of  the  Bureau  of  Freedmen  and  Refu 
gees;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  1868;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Florida  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,863  votes  against 
3,846  votes  for  Barnes,  Democrat,  and  831  votes  for 
Sanders,  Independent,  serving  from  July  1,  1868,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

Hamilton,  Cornelius  S.,  was  born  in  Mus- 
kingum  County,  Ohio,  January  2,  1821;  received  a 
public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice,  paying  at  the 
same  time  some  attention  to  farming,  banking,  and 
editing  a  newspaper;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1856;  was  appointed  an 
assessor  of  internal  revenue ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Ohio  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  11,710  votes  against  9,858  votes 
for  Reid,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867;  he 
was  summoned  home  to  see  a  grown  son,  who  had 
suddenly  become  insane,  and  was  killed  by  that  son 
at  Marysville,  Ohio,  December  21,  1867. 

Hamilton,  James,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  in  1789;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  arid 
commenced  practice  at  Charleston;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812  as  major  on  the  Canadian  frontier;  was 
for  several  years  mayor  of  Charleston;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place  of  William  Lowndes, 
resigned)  as  a  State-rights  Free-Trader;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth 
Congresses,  serving  from  January  6,  1823,  to  March 
3,  1829 ;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina  1830-1832 ; 
was  general  of  the  State  troops  raised  under  the  Nul 
lification  Act;  removed  to  Texas,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  securing  her  recognition  as  a  republic  by 
England  and  France  in  1841 ;  aided  in  procuring  the 
admission  of  Texas  into  the  Union;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Texas;  was  drowned  on 
his  passage  from  New  Orleans  to  Galveston  (the 


steamer  "  Opelousas,"  on  which  he  was,  having  been 
run  into  by  the  steamer  "Galveston")  November 
15,  1857.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  "  The 
Southern  Quarterly  Review." 

Hamilton,  John,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1763;  was  high  sheriff  of 
that  county  for  several  years ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807; 
died  at  his  home  in  Washington  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  August  31,  1837. 

Hamilton,  Morgan  C.,  was  born  in  the  terri 
tory  west  of  Georgia,  near  what  is  now  Huntsville, 
Alabama,  February  25, 1809 ;  received  a  country-school 
education  at  intervals  from  labor;  was  brought  up 
to  and  followed  mercantile  pursuits;  removed  to  the 
republic  of  Texas  in  1837;  was  a  clerk  in  the  War 
Department  from  1839  until  April,  1845,  acting  as 
secretary  of  war  the  greater  portion  of  the  last  three 
years ;  was  appointed  comptroller  of  the  treasury  of 
the  State  by  the  commander  of  the  Fifth  Military 
District  in  September,  1867;  was  elected  a  delegate 
to  the  Constitutional  Convention  in  1868 ;  was  elect 
ed  United-States  senator  from  Texas  as  a  Republican 
on  the  reconstruction  of  Texas ;  took  his  seat  March 
31,  1870;  and  was  re-elected,  serving  until  March  3, 
1877. 

Hamilton,  Robert,  was  born  at  Hamburg,  Sus 
sex  County,  Decembers,  1816;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  practice  as 
an  attorney  in  1836,  and  as  a  counsellor  in  1840 ;  was 
appointed  prosecutor  of  pleas,  and  filled  that  office 
fifteen  years ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
in  1863  and  1864,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,458 
votes  against  10,994  votes  for  F.  A.  Potts,  Republican ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  14,585  votes  against  9,931  votes 
for  Charles  Place,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Hamilton,  William  T.,  was  born  in  Washing 
ton  County,  Maryland,  September  8,  1820;  received 
an  academic  education,  and  was  at  Jefferson  College, 
Pennsylvania;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Hagerstown ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature  in  1846;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,307  votes  against 
7,191  votes  for  T.  J.  McKaig,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  6,863  votes 
against  6,626  votes  for  Roman,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,545 
votes  against  6,429  votes  for  Thomas,  Independent, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Maryland  as 
a  Democrat  (in  place  of  W.  P.  Whyte,  who  had  been 
appointed  in  place  of  Reverdy  Johnson,  resigned), 
and  served  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Hamlin,  Edward  S.,  resided  at  Elyria,  Ohio; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  (in  place  of  Henry  R. 
Brinkerhoff,  deceased),  serving  from  December  2, 
1844,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Hamlin,  Hannibal,  was  born  at  Paris,  Maine, 
August  27,  1809;  was  prepared  for  a  collegiate  edu 
cation,  but  was  obliged,  by  the  death  of  his  father, 
to  take  charge  of  his  home-farm  until  he  was  of 
age;  was  a  year  in  a  printing-office  as  a  compositor; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833, 
continuing  in  active  practice  at  Hampden  until  1848; 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Maine  1836-1840 
and  1847,  presiding  as  speaker  of  the  House  in  1837, 
1839,  and  1840 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  byElisha  H. 
Allen,  Whig,  who  received  about  250  majority  in  a 
poll  of  nearly  15,000;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  as  a  Democrat  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  in  1848 


428 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


for  four  years  (to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
death  of  John  Fairfield);  was  re-elected  in  1851,  but 
resigned  in  1857  to  act  as  governor;  was  again  elected 
United-States  senator  in  1857,  and  served  until  Jan 
uary,  1861;  having  been  elected  Vice-President  on 
the  ticket  with  Abraham  Lincoln,  he  presided  over 
the  Senate  from  March  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865; 
was  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  Boston  in 
1865,  but  resigned  in  1866;  served  as  a  regent  of  the 
Smithsonian  Institution  1861-1865,  and  was  appoint 
ed  again  in  1870;  was  again  elected  United-States 
senator,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  March  4,  1869. 
His  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3,  1881. 

Hammett,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  classical  education ;  studied  theology ;  was 
chaplain  at  the  University  of  Virginia;  was  chap 
lain  to  the  House  of  Representatives;  removed  to 
Mississippi,  and  settled  at  Princeton;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Hammond,  Edward,  was  born  at  Ellicott's 
Mills,  Maryland;  received  a  liberal  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,903 
votes  against  4,456  votes  for  George  W.  Gray,  Whig ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  5,434  votes  against  2,968  votes  for  Lynch,  Inde 
pendent,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1853. 

Hammond,  Jabez  D.,  was  born  at  New  Bed 
ford,  Massachusetts,  August  2,  1778;  received  a 
public-school  education;  taught  school;  studied 
medicine;  was  licensed  to  practise,  and  established 
himself  at  Reading,  Vermont,  in  1799 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Cherry  Valley,  New  York,  in  1805;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4, 
1815,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  was  a  State  senator  1817- 
1821;  removed  to  Albany,  and  practised  there  1822- 
1830;  was  commissioner  to  settle  the  claims  of  New 
York  on  the  Federal  Government  1825-1826 ;  visited 
Europe  in  1831,  and  on  his  return  settled  again  at 
Cherry  Valley;  was  elected  judge  of  Otsego  County 
in  1838 ;  and  died  at  Cherry  Valley,  New  York.  August 
18, 1855.  He  published  "  History  of  Political  Parties 
in  the  State  of  New  York,"  "  Julius  Melbourn,"  and 
"  Life  and  Times  of  Silas  Wright." 

Hammond,  James  Hamilton,  was  born  in 
Newbury  District,  South  Carolina,  November  15, 
1807;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
South-Carolina  College  in  1825;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced  practice; 
was  appointed  a  member  of  the  governor's  staff,  and 
aid(jd  in  organizing  the  nullification  forces  raised  in 
1833;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1835,  to  February  16,  1836, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina 
1842-1844 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
South  Carolina,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to 
November  11,  I860;  retiring  from  the  Senate,  he 
resumed  the  charge  of  his  large  landed  estates  on 
the  coast;  died  at  Beach's  Island  November  13, 1864. 
He  published  "  The  Proslavery  Argument,"  and  a 
"  Sketch  of  the  Life  of  Calhoun." 

Hammond,  Robert  H.,  was  bom  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  resided  at  Milton;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,227  votes  against 
5,407  votes  for  James  Merrill,  Whig,  serving"  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Hammond,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Richmond 
County,  Virginia,  September  21,  1757;  received  a 

food  English  education;   served  with  the  Colonial 
arces  in  the  Indian  war;    was  prominent  in  pre- 
Revolutionary  movements;  served  in  the  Revolution 
ary  army,  distinguishing  himself  at  King's  Mountain, 


the  Cow-Pens,  and  Eutaw ;  settled  at  Savannah  after 
independence  was  secured ;  was  surveyor-general  of 
Georgia;  commanded  a  corps  of  Georgia  volunteers 
in  the  Creek  war ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3, 1805;  was 
civil  and  military  governor  of  Upper  Louisiana  Ter 
ritory  1805-1824 ;  was  during  the  latter  portion  of 
this  time  receiver  of  public  moneys  at  St.  Louis;  re 
moved  to  South  Carolina  in  1824 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature ;  was  surveyor-general  1825 ;  was 
secretary  of  state  of  South  Carolina  1831-1835 ;  and 
died  near  Augusta,  Georgia,  September  11,  1842. 

Hammons,  David,  was  born  in  Oxford  County, 
Maine,  in  1807 ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lovell,  Maine ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1840-1841 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,430  votes  against  3,521  votes 
for  Hopkins,  Whig,  and  1,185  votes  Abolition  and 
scattering,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849;  resumed  practice  at  Bethel,  Maine. 

Hammons,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Farmington, 
New  Hampshire,  received  a  public-school  education ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Twenty-first  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  to  March  2,  1833 ;  was  appointed  postmaster  at 
Dover  in  June,  1833. 

Hampton,  James  G.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1835 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  7,440  votes  against  6,053  votes  for  Ellsler, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
receiving  5,472  votes  against  4,344  votes  for  Thomp 
son,  Democrat,  and  1,151  votes  for  Hollis,  American, 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Hampton,  Moses,  was  born  in  Beaver  County, 
Pennsylvania,  October  28,  1803;  removed  with  his 
parents,  when  young,  to  Trumbull  County,  Ohio; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Wash 
ington  College,  Pennsylvania ;  studied  law  at  Union- 
town  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829 ;  commenced 
practice  at  Somerset,  and  removed  in  1838  to  Pitts- 
burg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
7,666  votes  against  6,613  votes  for  S.  W.  Black, 
Democrat,  and  200  votes  for  D.  McLaughlin,  Free- 
Soiler,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1851 ;  and,  declining  to  be  a  candidate  for  re-election, 
was  elected  president-judge  of  the  Alleghany-county 
District  Court  in  1853. 

Hampton,  Wade,  was  born  in  South  Carolina 
in  1754;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  took  an 
active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements ;  raised  a 
company  of  light  horse,  with  which  he  served  under 
Marion  and  Sumter;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South'Carolina  in  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson  and  Burr  ticket 
in  1801 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March 
3,  1805 ;  entered  the  United-States  army  as  colonel  in 
October,  1808;  was  promoted  to  be  brigadier-general 
in  February,  1808,  and  major-general  in  March,  1813; 
served  on  the  Northern  frontier  in  the  war  with 
Great  Britain,  and  resigned  April  6,  1814;  became 
the  proprietor  of  very  large  plantations,  and  was  the 
owner  of  more  than  three  thousand  slaves  when  he 
died  at  Columbia,  South  Carolina,  February  4,  1834. 

Hanchett,  Luther,  was  born  in  Portage  County, 
Ohio,  October  25,  1825 ;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1846,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fremont;  removed 
to  Portage  County,  Wisconsin,  in  1849;  engaged  in 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


429 


lumbering  and  lead-mining;  was  for  four  years 
county-attorney;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1856-1860;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wis 
consin  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  36,223  votes  against  23,008  votes  for 
Reymert,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  until 
his  death  at  Madison,  Wisconsin,  November  26,  1862. 
Hancock,  George,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1755;  received  a  classical  education  from  private 
tutors ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  colonel 
of  infantry ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797 ;  died  at  Fother- 
ingay,  Virginia,  'after  a  brief  illness,  August  1, 
1820. 

Hancock,  John, was  born  at  Quincy,  Massachu 
setts,  January  12,  1737;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1754;  was 
trained  to  mercantile  pursuits  in  the  counting-room 
of  his  uncle,  whose  large  fortune  and  extensive 
business  he  afterwards  inherited;  was  for  several 
years  one  of  the  selectmen  of  Boston ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Provincial  legislature  1766-1772;  was  promi 
nently  identified  with  pre-Revolutionary  measures, 
and,  together  with  Samuel  Adams,  was  exempted 
from  pardon  in  Governor  Gage's  proclamation  June 
12,  1775 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1775-1780  and  1785-1786,  serv 
ing  as  president  May  27,  1775-October,  1777;  was 
commissioned  senior  major-general  of  the  Massachu 
setts  militia  February  6,  1778,  and  in  the  following 
August  commanded  a  division  in  the  expedition 
against  Rhode  Island ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  Constitutional  Convention  of  1780;  was 
governor  of  Massachusetts  1780-1785  and  1787,  until 
his  death  at  Quincy  October  8,  1792. 

Hancock,  John,  was  born  of  Virginia  parents 
in  Jackson  County,  Alabama,  October  29,  1824;  was 
educated  partly  in  Alabama,  and  partly  in  Tennessee ; 
studied  law  at  Winchester,  Tennessee,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1846;  settled  in  Texas  in  1847, 
practising  his  profession  there  until  August,  1851, 
when  he  was  elected  to  the  district  bench  of  the 
State,  and  served  as  judge  until  1855,  when  he  re 
signed,  and  resumed  practice  and  planting;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1860  and  1861, 
when  he  refused  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the 
Confederate  States,  and  was  expelled ;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1866 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  defeating  E.  Degener,  Re 
publican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  17,587  votes  against  11,024  votes  for  W.  O. 
Hutchinson,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  without  any  opposing  candi 
date,  serving  from  December  2,  1872,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Hand,  Augustus  C.,  was  born  at  Shoreham, 
Vermont,  in  1806 ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Elizabethtown,  New  York;  was 
surrogate  of  Essex  County  1831-1839;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,480  votes  against 
4,436  votes  for  T.  A.  Tomlinson,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1845-1848;  was  a  justice  of  the 
State  Supreme  Court  1848-1856;  resumed  the  practice 
of  his  profession;  died  at  Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey, 
March  8,  1878. 

Hand,  Edward,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1784-1785. 

Handley,  William  A.,  was  born  near  Frank 
lin,  Georgia,  December  15,  1834;  removed  when 
young  to  Alabama;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  when  a  youth  a  United-States  mail-carrier 
for  two  years,  afterward  a  post-office  clerk  in  con 
nection  with  mercantile  business,  and  then  for  many 


years  a  contractor  for  the  conveyance  of  the  United- 
States  mails,  which  made  the  postal  laws  and  regu 
lations  his  especial  study;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  at  Roanoke,  Alabama ;  was  in  the  service  of 
the  Confederate  States  as  a  civil  and  military  officer 
1861-1865 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alaba 
ma  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  about  4,000  majority  over  B.  W.  Norris, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873;  his  election  was  unsuccessfully  contested  bv 
B.  W.  Norris. 

Hanks,  James  M.,  was  born  at  Helena,  Ar 
kansas,  February  12,  1833 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  a  student  at  the  college  at  New  Al 
bany,  Indiana,  and  afterward  at  Jackson  College, 
Columbia,  Tennessee,  where  he  completed  the  course 
of  study,  with  the  exception  of  Greek,  in  1851 ;  stud 
ied  law;  graduated  at  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Louisville  in  1855;  commenced  prac 
tice,  and  continued  it  at  Helena  until  the  breaking- 
out  of  the  war;  was  opposed  to  secession,  and  took 
part  in  the  last  canvass  prior  to  hostilities  as  a 
Union  man;  was  elected  judge  of  the  First  Judicial 
District  of  Arkansas  in  1864  upon  the  re-organization 
of  the  State,  and  remained  upon  the  bench  until 
August,  1868;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Arkansas  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,318  votes  against  7,748  votes  for 
Roots,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1873. 

Hanna,  John,  was  born  in  Marion  County, 
Indiana,  September  3,  1827;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Indiana,  Asbury  University,  in 
1850;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Greencastle;  was  mayor  of 
Greencastle  1851-1854;  removed  to  Kansas,  and  was 
a  member  of  its  Territorial  legislature  in  the  winters 
of  1857  and  1858  from  the  then  county  of  Lykins, 
now  known  as  Miami;  returned  to  Indiana;  was 
presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  tick 
et  in  1860;  was  appointed  United-States  district-at 
torney  for  the  district  of  Indiana  by  President  Lin 
coln  in  1861,  and  re-appointed  by  him  in  1865,  but, 
when  the  breach  occurred  between  President  John 
son  and  the  Republican  party,  his  denunciation  of 
the  policy  of  the  administration  was  followed  by  his 
removal ;  he  has  since  devoted  his  time  exclusively 
to  the  practice  of  law  at  Indianapolis,  and  was  elect 
ed  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  19,634  votes  against  18,236  votes  for  Franklin 
Landers,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Hanna,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  May  15, 1797,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Hanna,  Kobert,  was  born  in  Laurens  District, 
South  Carolina,  April  6, 1786 ;  removed  with  his  par 
ents  to  Indiana,  and  subsequently  settled  in  Brook- 
ville  in  1802;  was  sheriff  of  the  Eastern  District  of 
Iowa  in  1809,  and  held  the  position  until  the  organi 
zation  of  the  State  Government;  was  appointed  regis 
ter  of  the  Land  Office,  and  removed  to  Indianapolis 
in  1825;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from 
Indiana  as  a  Whig  (in  place  of  James  Nobles,  de 
ceased),  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  January 
3, 1832,  when  his  successor  took  his  seat;  was  elected 
a  State  senator,  but  was  defeated  when  a  candidate 
for  re-election;  was  killed  by  a  railroad  train  while 
walking  on  the  track  at  Indianapolis  November  19, 
1858. 

Hannegan,  Edward  A.,  was  born  in  Ohio; 
received  an  academic  education  at  public  schools  in 
Kentucky;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Covington,  Indiana;  was 
'or  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
[ndiana  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Indiana, 


430 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849; 
was  minister  to  Prussia  March  22,  1849-January  13, 
1850;  killed  his  brother-in-law,  Captain  Duncan,  in 
1852,  while  intoxicated;  removed  to  St.  Louis,  Mis 
souri;  and  died  there  February  25,  1859. 

Hanson,  Alexander  Contee,  was  born  in 
Maryland;  received  a  liberal  education;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Washington  and  Adams  ticket 
in  1789  and  1793;  edited  "The  Federal  Republican" 
at  Baltimore,  when  in  1812,  a  mob,  irritated  by  his 
articles  denouncing  the  administration,  destroyed  his 
printing-office;  he  persisted  in  issuing  his  paper  the 
next  day,  and  the  house  in  which  he  printed  it  was 
attacked,  and,  after  a  fight,  he  and  his  friends  were 
escorted  to  jail,  where  the  mob  again  attacked  them, 
and  nearly  killed  him;  he  removed  "The  Federal 
Republican"  to  Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia, 
where  he  published  it  unmolested ;  returning  to  Bal 
timore,  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  re 
ceiving  914  majority,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth"  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  Jan 
uary  2, 1817,  when  he  took  his  seat  as  a  United-States 
senator  from  Maryland  (in  place  of  Robert  G.  Harper, 
resigned),  serving  to  April  23,  1819,  when  he  died  at 
Belmont,  Maryland. 

Hanson,  John,  was  born  In  Charles  County, 
Maryland,  in  1715;  received  a  thorough  English  edu 
cation;  was  a.  member  of  the  Maryland  House  of 
Delegates,  witli  the  exception  of  a  few  years,  1757- 
1781;  removed  to  Frederick  County  in  1773;  took  an 
active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  measures ;  was  com 
missioned  treasurer  of  Frederick  County  June  21, 
1775;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  February  22,  1781,  until  his 
death,  serving  one  year  as  President,  and,  as  such, 
thanking  General  Washington  for  his  victory  at 
Yorktown;  died  November  22,  1783,  at  Oxen  Hill, 
Prince  George  County,  Maryland,  while  on  a  visit 
to  his  nephew,  Thomas  Hanson. 

Haralson,  Hugh  Anderson,  was  born  near 
Penfield,  Georgia,  November  13,  1805;  was  reared  on 
a  farm,  and  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Franklin  College  in  1825;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825  by  a  special  act  of 
the  legislature ;  commenced  practice  at  Monroe,  and 
subsequently  located  at  La  Grange,  Georgia;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1837  and"l838;  was 
defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  on 
general  ticket  in  1840 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  35,163  votes 
against  38,827  votes  for  Augustus  H.  Kenan,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  the  State 
having  been  districted,  receiving  5,771  votes  against 
5,214  votes  for  Floyd,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1851;  served  in  the  militia,  attaining  the 
rank  of  major-general ;  was  a  prominent  Freemason ; 
and  died  at  La  Grange,  Georgia,  October  G,  1854. 

Haralson,  Jere,  was  born  in  Muscogee  County, 
Georgia,  April  1,  1840,  the  slave  property  of  John 
Walker;  after  Walker's  death,  was  sold  on  the  auc 
tion-block  in  the  city  of  Columbus,  and  bought  by 
J.  W.  Thomson,  after  whose  death  he  became  the 
property  of  J.  Haralson  of  Selma,  and  so  remained 
until  emancipated  in  1865;  received  no  education  un 
til  after  he  was  free,  when  he  instructed  himself;  was 
elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Ala 
bama  in  1870;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
Alabama  in  1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  19,551  votes  against  16,953  votes  for 
F.  G.  Bromberg,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,675  votes  against  9,685  votes  for  Charles  L. 
Shelley,  Democrat,  and  7,236  votes  for  James  T. 
Rapier,  Republican. 


Hard,  Gideon,  resided  at  Albion,  New  York; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1842-1847. 

Hardeman,  Thomas,  jun.,  was  born  in  Bibb 
County,  Georgia,  January  12,  1825;  received  a  lib 
eral  education ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  National  American, 
receiving  5,636  votes  against  5,483  votes  for  Speer, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  Janu 
ary  23,  1861,  when  he  retired  from  the  House,  and 
identified  himself  with  the  Southern  Confederacy. 

Hardenbergh,  Augustus  A.,  was  born  at 
New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey,  May,  1830;  entered 
Rutgers  College  in  1844,  but  was  only  enabled  to  con 
tinue  his  studies  through  the  freshman  year,  as  he 
was  called  upon  to  act  as  amanuensis  for  his  father, 
Cornelius  Hardenbergh,  LL.D.,  who  had  been  strick 
en  with  blindness ;  in  1846  entered  a  counting-room  in 
New  York,  and  took  up  his  residence  in  Jersey  City ; 
in  1852  became  connected  with  the  Hudson-county 
Bank,  and  has  been  its  cashier  since  1858;  in  1853 
was  elected  to  the  House  of  Assembly  of  the  State 
legislature ;  was  an  alderman  of  Jersey  City  in  1857- 
1860  and  1862;  in  1808  was  elected  by  the  legislature 
State  director  of  railroads;  removing  to  the  county  of 
Bergen  in  1868,  was  elected  a  councilman,  and  repre 
sented  that  district  in  the  Baltimore  National  Dem 
ocratic  Convention  of  1872 ;  in  1873  he  removed  back 
to  Hudson  County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  13,189  votes  against  9,108  votes  for 
Isaac  W.  Scudder,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,260  votes  against 
11,391  votes  for  Leonard  J.  Stiastny,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Hardin,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1784;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the'bar  in  1806,  and  commenced  practice 
atElizabethtown,  but  removed  to  Bardstown  in  1808; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  1810,  1811,  1824,  and  1825;  was  State  senator 
1828-1832;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  was  secretary  of  state  of  Kentucky 
1844-1847;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  1849;  was  injured  by  a  fall  from  his 
horse,  and  died  soon  after  at  Bardstown,  Kentucky, 
September  24,  1852. 

Hardin,  John  J.  (son  of  Martin  D.  Hardin), 
was  born  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  in  1810;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Transylvania 
University;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Jacksonville,  Illinois; 
was  prosecuting-attorney  for  several  years;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  1836-1842 ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6.230  votes 
against  5,357  votes  for  McDougal,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  command 
ed  a  regiment  of  Illinois  volunteers  in  the  Mexican 
war,  and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista, 
while  gallantly  leading  his  men  in  the  final  charge, 
February  27,  1847. 

Hardin,  Martin  D.  (father  of  John  J.  Hardin), 
was  born  on  the  Monongahela  River,  Western  Penn 
sylvania,  June  21,  1780;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Franklin  County,  Kentucky ; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


431 


of  Representatives ;  was  State  secretary  of  state; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  major  of  volunteers; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky 
(in  place  of  William  T.  Barry,  resigned)  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1816,  to  March  3, 
1817;  and  died  in  Franklin  County,  Kentucky,  Octo 
ber  S,  1823. 

Harding,  Aaron,  was  born  in  Greene  County, 
Kentucky;  received  a  public-school  education;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Greensburg,  Kentucky;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving 
10,339  votes  against  2,409  votes  for  Talbot,  Secession 
ist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  10,435  votes  against  2,508  votes  for  Heady, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,437  votes  against  3,652  votes  for 
Marion  C.  Taylor,  Eepublican,  serving  from  July  4, 
1861,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Harding,  Abner  C.,  was  born  at  East  Hamp 
ton,  Connecticut,  February  10,  1807;  received  an 
academical  education ;  studied  law,  and  practised  at 
Monmouth,  Illinois;  became  interested  in  railroads; 
was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Illinois  in  1848;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  of  Illinois  in  1848,  1849,  and  1850;  enlisted  as  a 
private,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in 
the  Union  army;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Eepublican, 
receiving  13,569  votes  against  12,721  votes  for  Charles 
M.  Harris,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Union  Republican,  receiving 
15,952  votes  against  13,391  votes  for  Thompson, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March 
3, 1869. 

Harding,  Benjamin  P.,  was  born  in  Wyo 
ming  County,  Pennsylvania,  January  4,  1823;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Illinois  the  following  year;  removed  to  Oregon  in 
1849;  was  clerk  of  the  Territorial  legislature  1850, 
1851;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  legislature 
and  its  speaker  1852;  was  United-States  district- 
attorney  for  Oregon  1853 ;  was  secretary  of  the  Ter 
ritory  1854-1859;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1859-1862,  serving  the  last  two 
years  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Oregon  as  a  Republican  (in  place  of  Edward 
D.  Baker,  deceased),  serving  from  December  1,  1862, 
to  March  3,  1865, 

Hardy,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was  a 
member  of  the  Continental  Congress  from  1783  until 
1785;  gave  evidence  of  great  talents,  but  died  sud 
denly  at  an  early  age. 

Haring,  John,  was  born  in  New  York,  and  was 
a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1774-1775  and  1785-1788. 

Harlan,  Aaron,  was  born  in  Warren  County, 
Ohio,  September  8,  1802;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1825,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1831 ;  was  a  State 
senator  in  1838,  1839,  and  1849;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844 ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constittitional  Convention  in 
1850 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,580 
votes  against  5,018  votes  for  Telfair,  Democrat,  and 
1,252  for  Nixon,  Free-Soiler;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,928  votes  against  2,307  votes  for  Hinkson,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  9,027  votes  against  5,076  votes  for  Ward, 
Democrat,  and  1,011  votes  for  Elsbury,  American, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Harlan,  Andrew  J.,  was  born  at  Chester,  Ohio, 
March  29,  1815 ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never 


practised ;  was  clerk  of  the  Indiana  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1842 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1846-1 848;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,366  votes  against  6,777  votes 
for  Kilgore,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3, 1849,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  7,779  votes  against  6,607  votes  for 
Wallace,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855. 

Harlan,  James,  was  born  in  Mercer  County, 
Kentucky,  June  22,  1800;  received  a  public-school 
education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  1817-1821 ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Harrodsburg;  was  circuit 
prosecuting-attorney  1829-1833 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  defeating  S.  H.  Anderson,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was 
secretary  of  state  of  Kentucky  1840-1844;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket 
in  1840 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1845;  was  appointed  attorney- 
general  of  Kentucky  in  1850,  and  held  the  office  until 
his  death  at  Frankfort  February  18,  1863. 

Harlan,  James,  was  born  in  Clarke  County, 
Illinois,  August  26,  1820;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  Asbury  University,  Indiana; 
studied  law;  was  the  Iowa  State  superintendent  of 
public  instruction  in  1847;  was  president  of  the 
Wesleyan  University,  Iowa,  in  1848;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Iowa  as  a  Whig  in  May, 
1855,  and,  his  seat  having  been  declared  vacant  on 
the  ground  of  an  informality  in  his  election,  he  was 
again  elected  in  1856  for  the  remainder  of  the  term ; 
he  was  re-elected  in  1860;  in  1865  he  entered  the 
cabinet  as  secretary  of  the  interior,  and  resigned  in 
September,  1866,  having  been  re-elected  to  the  Unit 
ed-States  Senate  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  S.  J. 
Kirkwood,  Republican),  and  serving  from  September, 
1866,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Harmanson,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Norfolk, 
Virginia,  January,  1803 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Jefferson  College,  Mississippi; 
removed  to  Louisiana,  where  he  devoted  himself  to 
the  law,  and  afterwards  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  a  State  senator  in  1844;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  3,909  votes  against  3,323  votes  for 
Saunders,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  2,740  votes  against  2,266 
votes  for  Stewart,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  October  25,  1850,  when  he  died  at  Ne\» 
Orleans. 

Harmer,  Alfred  C.,  was  born  in  Germantown 
(now  part  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia),  Pennsylvania, 
Augusts,  1825;  received  a  public-school  education; 
commenced  business  as  a  shoe-manufacturer  at 
twenty  years  of  age,  and  became  a  wholesale  dealer; 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  city  councils  of  Phila 
delphia  in  1856,  and  served  four  years;  was  elected 
recorder  of  deeds  for  Philadelphia  in  1860,  and  served 
three  years ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  last  National  Re 
publican  Convention  at  Chicago;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,561  votes 
against  11,401  votes  for  Dr.  John  R.  Reading,  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  14,743  votes  against  12,040  votes  for  S. 
Phillips,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1875;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  17,973  votes  against  14,722  votes 
for  Duval,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Harnett,  Cornelius,  was  a  delegate  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1777-1780. 

Harper,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Ireland ;  emi 
grated  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Zanesville ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth 


432 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Congress  as  a  Whig,  defeating  Hamer,  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1839;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,196  votes  against  4,002 
votes  for  Jennings,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,108  votes  against 
4,750  votes  for  Maxfield,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Harper,  Francis  J.,  was  born  at  Frankford, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1799;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1832,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1834-1835;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  from  Pennsylvania  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Charles  Naylor,  Whig;  and  died 
before  taking  his  seat,  at  Frankford,  Pennsylvania, 
March  18,  1837. 

Harper,  James,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1779; 
was  a  brickmaker;  immigrated  to  the  United  States, 
and  located  at  Philadelphia;  became  a  prominent 
member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Clay  Democrat,  receiving  5,104 
votes  against  3,396  votes  for  Richards,  Jackson  Dem 
ocrat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,550  votes  against  4,574 
votes  for  his  Democratic  opponent,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  at  Philadel 
phia.  Pennsylvania,  March  31,  1873. 

Harper,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  Pennsylvania,  December  6,  1819;  removed 
in  1831  with  his  parents  to  Darke  County,  Ohio, 
where  he  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  removed  in  1840  to  Caldwell 
County,  North  Carolina,  where  he  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits,  and  afterward  in  manufacturing  and 
fanning;  filled  various  county  offices;  was  elected  to 
the  House  of  Commons  of  the  State  legislature  in 
1865  and  1866;  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  the  State  legislature  in  1868,  and  was  barred 
by  the  adoption  of  the  Fourteenth  Amendment  to  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  but  his  political 
disabilities  were  removed  by  Act  of  Congress  in  1869; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Conservative,  receiv 
ing  12,130  votes  against  9,231  votes  for  A.  H.  Jones, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Harper,  John  A.,  was  a  native  of  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Meredith,  New  Hampshire ;  was  major  of  the  Twen 
ty-ninth  Regiment  in  1809-1810,  and  lieutenant-colo 
nel  in  1811-1814;  was  aide-de-camp  to  Governor 
Langdon  in  1811,  and  aide-de-camp  to  Governor 
Plumer  in  1812;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  War 
Democrat,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  until 
March  3,  1813;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  re 
election  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  War  Demo 
crat,  receiving  15,985  votes  against  18,585  votes  for 
B.  Cilly,  Peace  Federalist. 

Harper,  Joseph  M.,  was  born  at  Limerick, 
Maine,  June  21,  1787;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  studied  medicine, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Canterbury,  New  Hamp 
shire,  in  1811 ;  served  in  the  war  against  Great  Britain 
as  assistant  surgeon  of  the  Fourth  United-States  In 
fantry  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1826  and  1827,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1829  and  1830,  serving  the  last  year  as  president  of 
the  Senate,  and  ex  officio  as  governor  from  February 
until  June,  1831 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress,  receiving  22,992  votes  against  6,013  votes 
for  S.  E.  Cones,  Whig,  and  1,820  votes  for  D.  C.  At 
kinson,  Anti-Mason,  serving  from  December  5, 1831, 
to  March  3,  1835;  retired  from  practice  to  his  farm 


in  Canterbury,  retaining  the  presidency  of  the  Me 
chanics'  Bank  in  Concord;  and  died  at  Canterbury 
January  14,  1865. 

Harper,  Robert  Goodloe,  was  born  near 
Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  in  1765;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in 
1785,  and  was  for  a  time  a  teacher  there;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Third 
Congress  (in  place  of  Alexander  Gillon,  resigned)  as 
a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and 
Sixth  Congresses,  serving  from  February  9,  1795,  to 
March  3,  1801 ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  receiving 
promotion  from  the  rank  of  colonel  to  that  of  major- 
general;  married  a  daughter  of  Charles  Carroll  of 
Carrollton ;  removed  to  Baltimore,  and  practised  law 
there ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mary 
land,  to  serve  from  January  29, 1816,  to  March  3, 1821, 
but  resigned  in  1816;  visited  Europe  in  1819-1820; 
delivered  an  eloquent  address  to  a  jury  one  day,  and 
the  next  morning,  while  reading  a  newspaper  after 
breakfast,  fell  from  his  chair,  and  expired,  January 
15,  1825.  He  published  a  number  of  pamphlets  on 
the  diplomatic  questions  of  the  day. 

Harper,  William,  was  born  in  the  Island  of 
Antigua  January  17, 1790 ;  was  brought  by  his  father 
to  Baltimore,  and  went  from  there  to  Charleston, 
South  Carolina;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  the  South-Carolina  College  in  1808;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Columbia;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1818;  was 
State  chancellor  1819 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1821 ;  returned  to  South 
Carolina  in  1823;  was  State  reporter  in  1824, 1825; 
was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  South 
Carolina  (in  place  of  John  Gaillard,  deceased),  serv 
ing  from  March  28,  1826,  to  December  7,  1826,  when 
his  successor  took  his  seat ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  at  Charleston ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives,  and  speaker  of  the  House,  in  1828 ; 
was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  State  Court  of  Appeals 
in  1831 ;  was  chancellor  of  the  State  of  South  Caro 
lina  from  1834  until  his  death  in  South  Carolina 
October  10, 1847.  He  published  a  volume  of  "South- 
Carolina  Reports,"  a  "Eulogy  on  Chancellor  De 
Saussure,"  and  several  magazine  articles. 

Harrington,  Henry  AAT.,  was  born  in  Otsego 
County,  New  York,  September  12,  1825;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced  practice,  removing 
to  Madison,  Indiana,  in  1856 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  Convention  at  Charleston  in  1860;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,524 
votes  against  10,144  votes  for  W.  McKee  Dunn,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March 
3,  1865 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  New  York  in  1868;  was  assessor  of  internal 
revenue  in  Indiana. 

Harris,  Benjamin  Gwinn,  was  born  near 
Leonardstown,  St.  Mary's  County,  Maryland,  De 
cember,  13,  1806;  received  an  academical  education; 
was  a  student  at  Yale  College,  and  afterwards  at  the 
Cambridge  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Leonardstown,  devoting 
himself  also  to  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1832,  1833, 
1836,  1849,  ia52,  and  1856;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,939  votes  against  3,352 
votes  for  Holland,  Union,  and  2,237  votes  for  Calyert, 
Constitutional  Union ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  8,839  votes  against  3,389 
votes  for  Holland,  Union,  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  was  tried  at  Washington  in 
May,  1865,  by  a  court-martial,  for  having  given  aid 
and  comfort  to  the  enemy  by  harboring  two  paroled 
Confederate  soldiers,  and  sentenced  to  be  imprisoned 
for  three  years,  and  forever  disqualified  from  holding 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


433 


any  office  under  the  United-States  Government ;  but, 
new  evidence  having  been  produced,  President  John 
son  remitted  the  sentence. 

Harris,  Benjamin  W.,  was  born  at  East 
Bridgewater,  Massachusetts,  November  10,  1823 ;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  studied  law,  graduat 
ing  at  the  Dane  Law  School,  Cambridge,  in  1849, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Boston  in  April,  1850, 
commenced  practice  at  East  Bridgewater  in  July, 
1850,  and  has  been  constantly  engaged  in  it  since; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  from  Plymouth 
County  in  1857,  and  a  representative  in  the  State 
legislature  from  East  Bridgewater  in  1858;  was  dis 
trict-attorney  for  the  South-eastern  District  of  Mas 
sachusetts  from  July  1,  1858,  until  June  30,  1866; 
was  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the  Second 
District  of  Massachusetts  from  June  20,  1866,  until 
March  1,  1873,  when  he  resigned ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  *Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,752  votes 
against  5,090  votes  for  E.  Avery,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,651  votes  against  6,688  votes  for  Edward 
Avery,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,550  votes  against  9,757 
votes  for  Edward  Avery,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873. 

Harris,  Charles  M.,  was  born  at  Munfordsville, 
Kentucky,  April  10,  1821;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Oquawka,  Illinois;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,626  votes 
against  8,711  votes  for  Lawrence,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Harris,  G.  E.,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
North  Carolina,  January  6,  1827;  was  raised  in 
Caroline  County,  Tennessee ;  removed  to  Mississippi 
in  1844;  studied  law  without  a  preceptor;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1854,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Hernando,  Mississippi ;  was  an  Old-Line  Whig,  and 
opposed  to  secession,  but,  when  his  State  severed  her 
connection  with  the  Federal  Union,  he  entered  the 
Confederate  army,  serving  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
was  elected  district-attorney  in  1865,  re-elected  in 
1866,  and  removed  from  office  by  the  Reconstruction 
Acts ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi 
in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,200  votes  against  6,360  votes  for  Wofford,  Demo 
crat,  and  429  votes  for  Avery,  Independent  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress; 
was  elected  attorney-general  of  the  State  of  Missis 
sippi. 

Harris,  Henry  R.,  was  born  at  Sparta,  Georgia, 
February  2. 1828;  removed  to  Greenville,  Georgia,  in 
1833;  received  a  liberal  education,  graduating  at 
Emory  College  in  1847;  devoted  himself  to  agricultu 
ral  pursuits ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention 
of  1861 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,631  votes  against  8,466  votes  for  Marion  Bethune, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,236  votes;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  13,797  votes 
against  5", 785  votes  for  H.  W.  Billiard,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Harris,  Ira,  was  born  at  Charleston,  New  York, 
May  31,  1802;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Union  College  in  1824; 
studied  law  at  Cortland  with  Augustus  Donnelly,  and 
afterwards  at  Albany  with  Ambrose  Spencer;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Albany;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1844  and  1845 ;  was  a  State  sen 
ator  in  1846;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1846;  was  a  justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  1847-1859;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  York  as  a  Republican,  serving 
from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  a  delegate 
at  large  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 


1867;  was  professor  of  equity,  jurisprudence,  and 
practice  in  the  Albany  Law  School;  was  for  many 
years  president  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Union 
College ;  was  the  first  and  only  chancellor,  until  his 
death,  of  the  Rochester  University;  was  president 
of  the  American  Baptist  Missionary  Union  and  sev 
eral  other  religious  institutions;  was  struck  with 
paralysis,  and  died  at.  Albany  December  2,  1C. id. 

Harris,  Isham  G.,  was  born  in  Franklin  Coun 
ty,  Tennessee,  in  1818;  was  educated  at  the  academy 
at  Winchendon ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Paris,  Tennessee,  in 
1841 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  legislature  as  a  Demo 
crat  in  1847;  was  defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate 
for  presidential  elector  in  1848;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,433  votes  against  4,302 
votes  for  Morris,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  4,744  votes  against 
2,852  votes  for  Hornberger,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  declined  a  renomi- 
nation,  and  removed  to  Memphis ;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in 
1856 ;  was  elected  governor  of  Tennessee  as  a  Demo 
crat  in  1857;  re-elected  in  1859,  and  again  in  1861; 
was  a  volunteer  aide  upon  the  staff  of  the  command 
ing  general  of  the  Confederate  army  of  Tennessee 
for  the  last  three  years  of  the  war;  returned  to  the 
practice  of  law  at  Memphis  in  1867,  and  was  engaged 
in  it  when  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Judge  L.  L.  Hawkins,  Repub 
lican  (to  succeed  Henry  Cooper,  Democrat),  and  took 
his  seat  March  5,  1877. 

Harris,  J.  Morrison,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  in  1821;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Lafayette  College,  Pennsylvania;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Baltimore ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  6,538  votes  against 
6,484  votes  for  Vansant,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,761  votes  against 
5,455  votes  for  Wythe,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,617  votes 
against  4,226  votes  for  Preston,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3, 1855,  to  March  3, 1861 ;  was  a  dele- 
ate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  at  Philadel 
phia  in  1864 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Independent  can 
didate  for  governor  of  Maryland  in  1867. 

Harris,  John,  was  born  in  New  York;  resided  in 
Hcrkimer  County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  Oc 
tober  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Harris,  John  S.,  was  born  at  Truxton,  Cortland 
County,  New  York,  December  18,  1825;  recejved  an 
academic  education ;  removed  to  Milwaukee,  Wiscon 
sin,  in  1846,  where  he  followed  commercial  and  finan 
cial  pursuits  until  1863,  when  he  removed  to  Con- 
cordia  Parish,  Louisiana,  and  engaged  in  the  cultiva 
tion  of  cotton;  he  was  elected  to  the  Constitutional 
"!onvention  of  that  State  in  1867,  and  to  the  State 
Senate  in  April,  1868;  he  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Louisiana  in  July,  1868,  as  a  Republican, 
and  served  from  July  17,  1868,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  en 
gaged  in  planting  in  Louisiana;  held  several  State 
offices. 

Harris,  John  T.,  was  born  in  Albemarle  Coun- 
:y,  Virginia,  May  8, 1825;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Harrisonburg; 
was  attorney  for  the  Commonwealth  1852-1859;  was 
presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,011 
rotes  against  5,080  votes  for  Skinner,  Opposition, 
erving'from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861; 
was  a  member  of  the  Confederate  legislature  from 
.863  to  1865;  was  judge  of  the  Twelfth  Judicial  Cir 
cuit  of  Virginia  from  1866  to  1869;  was  elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,300 
otes  against  520  votes  for  Reynolds,  Independent, 


434 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


and  3,000  votes  for  Gray,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  10,894  votes 
against  (5,736  votes  for  O'Ferrall,  Independent;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
9,626  votes  against  7,723  votes  for  Lewis,  Republican ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  17,143  votes  against  6,250  votes  for  Early, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 1871. 

Harris,  Mark,  was  born  at  Ipswich,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1779;  removed  to  Portland  (then  in  the  dis 
trict  of  Maine)  in  1800;  was  in  the  grocery  business; 
was  county  treasurer  for  many  years;  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  in  1816  and  1819;  was  a 
State  councillor  on  the  organization  of  Maine  as  an 
independent  State;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Ezekiel  Whitman,  resigned),  serving  from  December 
20,  1822,  to  March  3,  1823 ;  was  for  many  years  State 
treasurer;  and  died  at  New-York  City  March  2, 1843. 

Harris,  Robert,  was  born  in  Dauphin  County, 
Pennsylvania;  resided  at  Harrisburg ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1823, 
to  March  3,  1827. 

Harris,  Sampson  "W.,  was  born  in  Elbert 
County,  Georgia,  February  23,  1809;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Geor 
gia  in  1828;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Eatonton ;  was  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  Georgia;  removed 
to  Wetumpka,  Alabama,  in  1838 ;  was  elected  solicit 
or  of  the  Eighth  Circuit  in  1841 ;  was  an  unsuccess 
ful  candidate  for  circuit-judge ;  was  State  senator  in 
1844,  and  again  in  1845;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  without  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,511  votes 
against  4,969  votes  for  John  S.  Hunter,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5,677  votes  against  5,085  votes  for 
William  S.  Mudd,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,285 
votes  against  1,560  votes  for  J.  Moore,  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,999  votes  against  5,220  votes 
for  W.  B.  Martin,  Know-Nothing,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  declined  a  re-elec 
tion  ;  was  seized  before  the  close  of  the  session  with 
sore  throat,  and  died  at  Washington  City  April,  1857. 

Harris,  Thomas  K.,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815;  his  election  was  unsuccessfully  contested  by 
William  Kelly;  he  died  from  wounds  received  in  a 
rencounter  with  Colonel  Simpson,  April  18,  1816. 

Harris,  Thomas  L.,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Con 
necticut,  October  29,  1816;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Trinity  College,  Hartford,  in 
1841 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Springfield,  IHinois,  but 
removed  in  1843  to  Mound  City;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  in  1846,  but  did  not  accept,  as  he  served 
in  the  Mexican  war,  distinguishing  himself  in  several 
engagements;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illi 
nois  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  7,201  votes  against  7,095  votes  for  Logan, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1851;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  6,254  votes 
against  7,008  votes  for  Yates,  Whig;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,090 
votes  against  9,890  votes  for  Yates,  Republican ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
14,196  votes  against  12,077  votes  for  Williams,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  Novem 
ber  24,  1858;  on  the  first  Monday  in  that  month  he 
had  been  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  16,193  votes  against  11,646  votes  for  Matheny, 
Republican ;  but  his  efforts  during  the  canvass  has 


tened  his  death,  from  pulmonary  consumption,  at 
Springfield,  Illinois,  November  24,  1858. 

Harris,  Wiley  P.,  was  born  in  Mississippi;  re 
sided  at  Monticello;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  a  change  in  the 
congressional  districts  prevented  his  re-election; 
was  a  deputy  to  the  Provisional  Congress  of  the 
Confederate  States  which  assembled  at  Montgomery, 
Alabama,  February,  1861. 

Harris,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Fauquier 
County,  Virginia,  August  8,  1805;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Luray;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  editor  of  "  The  Spectator,"  and  subsequently  of 
"  The  Constitution,"  published  at  Washington  City; 
was  chartje  d'affaires  to  the  Argentine  Republic  Feb 
ruary  19,  1846-February  27,  1851;  removed  to  Mis 
souri;  was  editor  of  "The  Washington  Union,"  and 
printer  to  the  United-States  Senate,  1857-1859 ;  and 
died  in  Pike  County,  Missouri,  March  28,  1S64. 

Harrison,  Albert  G.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fulton, 
Missouri;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  receiving  4,278  votes  against  3,479  votes 
for  James  Birch  White,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  23,425  votes 
against  16,708  votes  for  Wilson,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  died  at  Fulton, 
Missouri,  September  7,  1839. 

Harrison,  Benjamin  (father  of  William  Henry 
Harrison,  and  grandfather  of  John  Scott  Harrison), 
was  born  in  Berkeley  County,  Virginia,  April  5, 1740 ; 
received  a  classical  education,  studying,  but  not 
graduating,  at  William  and  Mary  College;  was  a 
member  of  the  Colonial  House  of  Burgesses  in  1764; 
took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements ; 
was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1778;  resigning,  he  was  again  elected 
to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  and  was  chosen  speaker; 
was  governor  of  Virginia  1782-1784 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Convention  that  ratified  the  Federal 
Constitution,  but  voted  against  it;  died  at  City  Point, 
on  the  James  River,  April  24,  1791. 

Harrison,  Carter  B.,  was  born  in  Charles  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Third 
Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 1793,  to  March 
3,  1799. 

Harrison,  Carter  H.,  was  born  in  Fayette 
County,  Kentucky,  February  15,  1825;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1845 ;  studied  law,  but  was  a  farmer  in  his  native 
county  until  1855 ;  spent  two  years  in  foreign  travel ; 
graduated  at  Transylvania  Law  School,  Lexington, 
Kentucky,  in  1855;  removed  to  Chicago;  did  not 
enter  into  active  practice  of  law,  but  was  a  real- 
estate  owner  and  operator  there ;  was  elected  a  Cook- 
county  commissioner  in  1871,  and  served  until  De 
cember,  1874 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an  Opposi 
tionist  (Democratic),  receiving,  according  to  the  re 
turns,  9,189  votes  against  9,181  votes  for  Jasper  D. 
Ward,  Republican ;  Mr.  Ward  gave  notice  of  contest, 
but,  a  recount  of  the  ballots  increasing  Mr.  Harrison's 
majority  to  upward  of  160,  the  contest  was  aban 
doned;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  14,732  votes  against  14,090  votes  for  George 
R.  Davis,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875. 

Harrison,  Horace  H.,  was  born  in  Wilson 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


435 


County,  Tennessee,  August  7,  1829 ;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1857,  and  commenced  practice  at  Xashville  iu 
1859:  was  United-States  district-attorney  for  the 
Central  Tennessee  District  1863-1866;  was  elected 
chancellor  in  the  Xashville  Chancery  Division ;  was 
judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1867,  1868;  was 
presidential  elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket 
in  1869 ;  was  again  United-States  district-attorney  for 
the  Central  Tennessee  District  1872-1873;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,033  votes 
against  8,131  votes  for  E.  I.  Golladay,  Democrat,  and 
5J384  votes  for  W.  G.  Brien,  Independent  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Harrison,  James  T.,  of  Lowndes  County,  Mis 
sissippi,  presented  to  the  House  of  Representatives 
on  the  4th  of  June,  1866,  credentials  signed  by  Gov 
ernor  Humphreys,  declaring  that  he  had  been  elected 
to  represent  the  Third  District  of  Mississippi  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress. 

Harrison,  John  Scott  (grandson  of  Benjamin 
Harrison,  and  son  of  William  Henry  Harrison),  was 
born  at  Xorth  Bend,  Ohio;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,780  votes 
against  3,849  votes  for  Rollins,  Democrat,  and  142 
votes  for  Hine,  Free-Soiler;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,562  votes  against 
3,891  votes  for  Groesbeck,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857;  died  suddenly 
on  his  farm,  near  Xorth  Bend,  Ohio,  May  26,  1878. 

Harrison,  Richard  A.,  was  born  in  England 
in  1827;  emigrated  with  his  parents  to  America  in 
183'J,  and  settled  in  Ohio;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  served  a  partial  apprenticeship  to  the  art 
of  printing;  studied  law  at  the  Cincinnati  Law 
School,  graduating  in  1846,  and  commenced  practice 
at  London;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1846,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1848 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
.Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat  (to  fill 
the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas 
Corwin,  who  had  been  appointed  minister  to  Mexico), 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Harrison,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
removed  to  Pennsylvania,  and  located  at  Kittanning; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Harrison,  William,  was  born  in  Maryland, 
and  was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  serving  1785-1787. 

Harrison,  William  Henry  (son  of  Benjamin 
Harrison,  and  father  of  John  Scott  Harrison),  was 
born  in  Charles  County,  Virginia,  February  9,  1773; 
received  a  classical  education,  studying,  but  not 
graduating,  at  Hampden-Sydney  College  ;  studied 
medicine ;  was  commissioned  by  President  Washing 
ton,  in  April,  1791,  ensign,  and  by  gallant  conduct  in 
Indian  wars  had  reached  the  rank  of  captain  when 
he  resigned  iu  1797;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the 
North-west  Territory,  and  was  elected  its  delegate  in 
the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1799, 
to  March,  1800,  when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of 
Indiana  1801-1813,  and  also  Indian  agent;  was  major- 
general  of  volunteers;  defeated  the  British  and  In 
dians  at  Tippecanoe  Xovember  7,  1811 ;  served  with 
distinction  in  the  war  of  1812,  resigning  in  1814;  was 
at  the  head  of  a  commission  to  treat  with  the  Indi 
ans  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  John  McLean,  re 
signed)  as  a  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1816,  to 
March  3, 18i9 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1819- 
1821 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Ohio, 
serving  from  December  5, 1825,  to  May  20, 1828,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  minister  to  Columbia  May  24,  1828, 
to  September  26,  1829;  was  elected  President  of  the 


United  States  in  1840,  and  was  inaugurated  March  4, 
1841 ;  died  at  Washington  City  April  4,  1841.  ' 
'""Hart,  Emanuel  B.,  was  born  at  Xew  York 
'  October  29,  1811;  received  a  public-school  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  an  active  militia 
officer,  attaining  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel;  was 
a  member  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Xew  York  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,079  votes  against 
1,755  votes  for  Bowen,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
1, 1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  appointed  by  President 
Buchanan  surveyor  of  the  port  of  Xew  York. 

Hart,  E.  Kirke,  was  born  at  Albion,  Xew  York, 
April  8,  1841;  was  educated  at  Albion  Academy; 
engaged  in  banking  business  in  I860,  and  became 
cashier  of  the  Orleans-county  Xational  Bank;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Xew  York  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
17.797  votes  against  17,138  votes  for  Jdhn  M.  Davy, 
Republican,  and  167  votes  for  Alphonso  A.  Hopkins, 
Prohibitionist,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Hart,  John,  was  born  at  Hopewell,  Xew  Jersey, 
in  1708;  received  a  public-school  education;  engaged 
in  agricultural  pursuits;  took  an  active  part  in  pre- 
Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a  delegate  from  Xew 
Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1777;  was 
hunted  by  the  Hessians,  but  escaped  capture;  and, 
after  peace  was  declared,  he  returned  to  his  farm, 
where  he  died  in  1780. 

Hart,  Roswell,  was  born  at  Rochester,  Xew 
York,  in  1824;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Yale  College  in  1843;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  but  did  not  practise;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Xew  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,081  votes  against  11,841 
votes  for  James  L.  Angle,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  10,757  votes  against  12,791  votes  for  Lewis 
Selye,  Independent  Republican. 

Hartley,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Reading,  Penn 
sylvania,  September  7,  1848;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  York,  Pennsylvania; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  colonel  of  the 
Sixth  Pennsylvania  Regiment ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1778;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  First, 
Second,  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses, 
serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  December  21,  1800, 
when  he  died  at  York,  Pennsylvania. 

Hartridge,  Julian,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia;  received  a  collegiate  education;  attended 
the  Law  School  at  Cambridge,  Massachusetts ;  prac 
tised  law;  was  solicitor-general  of  the  Eastern  Judi 
cial  Circuit  of  Georgia;  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Georgia ;  delegate  to  the  Charleston  Democratic  Con 
vention  in  1860 ;  was  in  the  Confederate  army  during 
the  first  year  of  the  war;  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
federate  Congress;  was  chairman  of  the  executive 
committee  of  the  Democratic  party  of  Georgia  in 
1871,  delegate  for  the  State  at  large  to  the  Xational 
Democratic  Convention  in  1872,  elector  for  the  State 
at  large  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1872,  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,252 
votes  against  6,714  votes  for  John  E.  Bryant,  Repub 
lican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  11,465  votes  against  5,922  votes  for  John  E. 
Bryant,  "Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Hartzell,  William,  was  born  in  Stark  County, 
Ohio,  February  20,  1837;  removed  with  his  parents 
to  Illinois  in  1840,  and  thence  to  the  then  republic  of 
Texas  in  1844,  where  he  remained  until  1853,  when 
he  removed  to  Randolph  County,  Illinois,  where  he 
has  since  resided ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  graduated 
at  McKendree  College,  Lebanon,  Illinois,  in  June, 
1859 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  June, 


436 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1864,  and  has  since  practised;  was  a  Democratic 
nominee  for  the  Forty-second  Congress,  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  (receiving  the  vote  of 
the  Liberal  Republicans  and  the  Independent  Re 
form  party)  by  10,806  votes  against  9,280  votes  for 
Isaac  Clements,  Republican;  and  Avas  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,691  votes 
against  14,671  votes  for  Benjamin  L.  Wiley,  Repub 
lican,  sen-ing  from  December  6,  1875. 

Harvey, "James  M.,  was  born  in  Monroe  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  September  21,  1833;  studied  principally 
in  the  public  and  select  schools  of  Indiana,  Iowa,  and 
Illinois ;  practised  surveying  and  civil  engineering  as 
a  profession  until  he  removed  to  Kansas  at  its  settle 
ment  in  1859,  and  has  since  been  a  farmer  there ;  was 
captain  in  the  Fourth  and  Tenth  Regiments  of  Kan 
sas  Volunteer  Infantry  from  1861  until  1864;  was  a 
member  of  the  Lower  House  of  the  State  legislature 
in  1865,  and  again  in  1866,  and  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1867-1868;  was  governor  of  Kansas  in  1869- 
1870,  and  again  in  1870-1871 ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Kansas  as  a  Republican  (to  fill 
the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Alexan 
der  Caldwell,  Republican,  which  had  been  tempo 
rarily  filled  by  the  appointment  of  Robert  Crozier), 
serving  from  February  12,  1874,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Harvey,  Jonathan  (brother  of  Matthew  Har 
vey),  was  born  in  Merrimack  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  in  1780;  received  a  good  English  education; 
resided  at  Sutton;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  and  Senate,  serv 
ing  as  president  of  the  Senate  1817-1823;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Executive  Council  1823-1825 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Nine 
teenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 1831 ;  died  at 
Sutton,  New  Hampshire,  August  23,  1859. 

Harvey,  Matthew,  was  born  at  Sutton,  New 
Hampshire,  June  21,  1781;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1806; 
studied  law  under  John  Harris ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Hopkinton,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1809;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1814,  1815,  1816,  1817, 
1818,  1819,  and  1820,  and  was  speaker  the  last  three 
years;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  on  a  general  ticket 
as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 1821.  until  March 
3,  1S25 ;  was  a  State  senator  in  1825,  1826,  and  1827, 
serving  as  president  of  the  Senate;  was  State  council 
lor  in  1828  and  1829;  was  governor  of  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1830-1831 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Jack 
son  judge  of  the  United-States  District  Court  for 
New  Hampshire  in  1831,  which  office  he  held  until  he 
died  at  Concord,  New  Hampshire,  April  7,  1856. 

Harvie,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a 
delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental  Congress 
177S-1779. 

T  Hasbrouck,  Abraham,  was  born  at  Kingston, 
Ulster  County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1781,  1782,  and  1811;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  June  28,  1813, 
to  March  2,  1815 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1822. 

Hasbrouck,  Abraham  B.,  was  born  in  Ulster 
County,  New  York;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1810;  resided  at  Kings 
ton;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
5,  1S25,  to  March  3,  1827;  removed  to  New  Jersey, 
and  was  for  several  years  president  of  Rutgers  Col 
lege. 

^  Hasbrouck,  Josiah,  was  born  at  Kingston, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1796,  1797,  1802,  and  1806;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving 


from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805;  and  was 
again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Hascall,  Augustus  P.,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts;  removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Le  Roy; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,715 
votes  against  3,699  votes  for  Sprague,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Haskell,  Dudley  C.,  was  born  at  Oxford,  New 
York,  November  25,  1837;  lived  in  Bradford  County, 
Pennsylvania,  from  infancy  until  1865,  when  he  re 
moved  to  Topeka,  Kansas,  and  located  there;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  entered  the  volunteer 
army  of  the  United  States  in  1862,  and  was  mustered 
out  as  a  captain  in  the  fall  of  1864  on  account  of 
wounds  received  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness; 
was  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law  in  1861 ;  was 
county-attorney  in  Kansas  for  eight  successive  years ; 
was  assistant  United-States  attorney  for  Kansas  from 
1873  to  1877;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kansas  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  22,088  votes  against  "17,518  votes  for  John 
R.  Goodin,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Haskell,  William  T.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice ;  served 
in  the  Mexican  war  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Ten 
nessee  volunteers,  distinguishing  himself  at  Cerro 
Gordo ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849 ;  resumed  prac 
tice;  was  attacked  with  insanity  in  August,  1858, 
and  died  in  the  lunatic  asylum  at  Hopkinsville, 
Kentucky,  March  20,  1859. 

Haskin,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Fordham,  West- 
chester  County,  New  York,  August  7, 1821 ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New- 
York  City  in  1845;  held  several  city  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,195 
votes  against  5,935  votes  for  Strang,  Republican,  and 
5,084  votes  for  Cobb,  American ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,637  votes 
against  7,624  votes  for  Kemble,  Democrat,  and  546 
votes  for  Andrews,  American,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Hastings,  George,  was  born  at  Clinton.  Oneida 
County,  New  York,  March  13,  1807;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Hamilton  College  in 
1826;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  barinl830, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Clinton;  removed  to 
Mount  Morris;  was  district-attorney  for  Livingston 
County  1839-1848;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  10,681  votes  against  9,225  votes  for 
Irvine,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1853, 
to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  elected  judge  of  the  county 
court  of  Livingston  County,  serving  from  November, 
1855,  until  his  death  at  Mount  Morris,  New  York, 
August  29,  1866. 

Hastings,  John,  resided  at  Salem,  Ohio;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
54  majority,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
March  3,  1843;  died  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  December 
29,  1854. 

Hastings,  Samuel  Clinton,  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Iowa;  was  a 
judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court;  was  elected  one 
of  the  first  representatives  from  Iowa  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  29,  1846,  to 
March  3,  1847;  removed  to  California,  and  practised 
at  San  Francisco. 

Hastings,  Seth  (father  of  William  S.  Hastings), 
was  born  at  Mendon,  Massachusetts,  in  1761 ;  received 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


437 


a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1782;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Worcester  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  7, 1801,  to  March  3,  1807;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1810  and  1814;  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Sessions ;  and  died  at 
Mendon,  Massachusetts,  in  1831. 

Hastings,  William  Soden  (son  of  Seth  Hast 
ings),  was  born  at  Mendon,  Massachusetts;  received 
a  classical  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,049  votes  against  3,090  votes  for 
Alexander  H.  Everett,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4, 1837,  to  June  17, 1842,  when  he  died  at  the 
Ked  Sulphur  Springs,  Virginia. 

Hatch,  Israel  T.,  was  born  at  Owasco,  New 
York,  in  1808;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  a  grain  merchant  and  forwarder;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,399 
votes  against  6,923  votes  for  Spaulding,  Republican, 
and  5,548  votes  for  Haven,  American,  and  serving 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,539  votes  against 
12,427  votes  for  E.  G.  Spaulding,  Republican;  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  to  report  on  the 
workings  of  the  reciprocity  treaty,  and  his  adverse 
statements  were  instrumental  in  bringing  about  its 
abrogation;  was  postmaster  at  Buffalo  1859-1861; 
and  died  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  September  24, 
1875. 

Hatcher,  Robert  A.,  was  born  in  Buckingham 
County,  Virginia,  February  24, 1819;  was  educated  at 
private  schools  in  Lynchburg,  Virginia ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Kentucky,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  New  Madrid,  Missouri,  in  1847; 
was  for  six  years  circuit-attorney  of  the  Tenth 
Judicial  Circuit  of  Missouri ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  in  1850  and  1851 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Convention  in  1862;  was  a  member  of  the 
Confederate  Congress  in  1864-1865,  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,340  votes 
against  4,594  votes  for  M.  Ward,  Independent  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  19,087  votes,  without  opposition;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
21,389  votes  against  3,953  votes  for  L.  Davis,  Repub 
lican,  and  1,737  votes  for  W.  Ballentine,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Hathaway,  Samuel  G.,  was  born  at  Free 
town,  Massachusetts,  July  18, 1780;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  went  to  sea  before  the  mast ;  re 
moved  to  Solon,  New  York,  in  1808;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Assembly  in  1814  and  1818,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1823 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1835;  declining  a  re-election,  he  devoted  himself 
to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  died  at  Solon  May  2, 
1807. 

Hathorn,  Henry  H.,  was  born  at  Greenfield, 
New  York,  November  96, 1813;  received  an  academic 
education;  was  a  merchant  at  Saratoga  Springs  from 
1839  to  1849,  and  subsequently  largely  interested  in 
the  hotel  business  there  as  one  of  the  proprietors  of 
Congress  Hall,  and  also  owner  of  the  Hathorn 
Spring;  was  supervisor  for  Saratoga  Springs  four 
years  between  1850  and  1860;  was  elected  sheriff  of 
Saratoga  County  in  1853,  and  again  in  1862,  serving 
six  years ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  17,762  votes  against  14,756  votes  for  D.  B. 
Judson,  Greeley  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to 


the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,933  votes  against  15,183  votes  for  Sanders,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Hathorn,  John,  resided  at  Warwick,  Orange 
County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  that  State  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from 
April  23,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Federal  candidate  to  the  Second  and  subsequently 
to  the  Third  Congress;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Fourth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  Lucas 
Elmendorph,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1795,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  defeated  as  the  Federal 
candidate  for  the  Fifth  Congress  by  Lucas  Elmen 
dorph,  Democrat;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1804;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  presidential 
elector  in  1804. 

Hatton,  Robert,  was  born  in  Sumner  County, 
Tennessee,  in  1827;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Lebanon;  was 'a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1856 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
National  American,  receiving  6,719  votes  against 
5,844  votes  for  Ready,  Independent,  and  serving 
from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 1861 ;  entered  the 
Confederate-States  army,  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  May  23,  1862,  and  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Fifth  Brigade,  First  Division,  First  Corps, 
Army  of  Virginia;  was  killed  in  action  at  Edwards' s 
Farm  June  1,  1862. 

Haughey,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Glasgow, 
Scotland,  in  1826;  immigrated  to  the  United  States, 
and  located  in  Alabama  in  1840;  received  a  classical 
education ;  studied  medicine ;  graduated  at  the  Now- 
Orleans  Medical  College  in  1858 ;  served  as  a  surgeon 
in  the  United-States  army  1862-1865;  was  subse 
quently  staff-surgeon  in  the  military  college  at  Chat 
tanooga;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Alabama  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  of  1867 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  from  July  21,  1868,  to  March  3, 1869. 

Haun,  H.  P.,  was  born  in  Scott  County,  Ken 
tucky,  January  18,  1815;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law  at  Lexington;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1839,  and  was  elected  county-attorney; 
removed  to  Iowa  in  1845,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
convention  which  framed  the  constitution  of  that 
State  in  1846;  removed  to  Yuba  County,  California, 
in  1849;  was  elected  county-judge  in  1851:  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor; 
was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Cali 
fornia  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  David  C.  Broderick, 
deceased),  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March 
5,  1860,  when  his  successor  took  his  seat;  died  at 
Maysville,  California,  May  6,  1860. 

Haven,  Nathaniel  A.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1762;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1779;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  May  22,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1811;  died  March  7,  1831. 

Haven,  Solomon  G.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
studied  and  practised  law;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,613  votes  against  5,305  votes  for 
Stevens,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  8,037  votes  against  7,C54  votes  for 
Verplanck,  Democrat,  and  434  votes  for  Davis,  Free- 
Soiler;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,075  votes  against  5,388  votes  for 
Hatch,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851.  to 
March  3, 1857 ;  died  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  December 
24,  1861. 

Havens,  Harrison  E.,  was  born  in  Franklin 
County,  Ohio,  December  15,  1837;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  studied  law  in  Illinois,  and 
practised  in  that  State,  and  afterward  in  Iowa;  re 
moved  to  Springfield,  Missouri,  in  1867,  and  became 


438 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


editor  of  "The  Springfield  Patriot;"  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Regular  Republican,  receiving  8.830 
votes  against  7,833  votes  for  W.  E.  Gilinore,  Bolting 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  13,156  votes  against  12,578  votes 
for  C.  B.  McAfee,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Havens,  Jonathan  NiooIL  was  born  on 
Staten  Island,  New  York;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1777;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  178(3- 
1795 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fourth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to 
March  3,  1799;  died  at  his  residence  on  Staten  Island 
July  7,  1799. 

Hawes,  Albert  G.,  was  a  native  of  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Hawesville ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  3,861  votes  against 
3,852  votes  for  Chilton,  Clay  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  defeating  R.  R. 
Thompson;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  defeating  Robert  Triplett,  serving  from 
December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  died  at  Hawes 
ville,  Kentucky,  April  14,  1849. 

Hawes,  Aylett,  was  born  in  Culpepper  County, 
Virginia;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
medicine,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  March  4,  1811,  to 
March  3,  1817;  resumed  practice,  and  died  in  Cul 
pepper  County,  Virginia,  August  31,  1833. 

Hawes,  Richard,  was  born  in  Caroline  County, 
Virginia,  February  6,  1797;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Winchester,  Kentucky;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1828,  1829,  and  1836;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1841. 

Hawkes,  James,  was  born  at  Worcester,  Massa 
chusetts;  removed  to  Richfield,  New  York,  where  he 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Hawkins,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Bute  (after 
wards  Warren)  County,  North  Carolina,  August  15, 
1754;  received  a  classical  education,  and  was  at 
Princeton  College,  but  the  Revolutionary  war  sus 
pended  the  exercises  while  he  was  in  the  senior 
class;  having  acquired  a  knowledge  of  the  French 
language,  Hawkins  was  placed  on  the  staff  of  General 
Washington  as  interpreter;  was  at  the  battle  of  Mon- 
mouth  and  other  engagements;  was  sent  to  the 
Island  of  St.  Eustatia  as  purchasing  agent  of  North 
Carolina  in  1780;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1781-1784  and  1786-1787;  was  appointed  by 
Congress  on  commissions  to  negotiate  treaties  with 
the  Creeks  and  Cherokees  in  1785;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  to  the  First  Congress,  serving 
from  January  13,  1790,  until  March  3,  1795;  was  ap 
pointed  Indian  agent  for  all  the  tribes  south  of  the 
Ohio  River  by  President  Washington  in  1796,  and 
held  the  office  by  successive  re-appointments  until 
he  died  at  the  Creek  agency  June  6,  1816. 

Hawkins,  George  S.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
removed  to  Pensacola,  Florida;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  that  State  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,985  votes  against  5,226 
votes  for  Baker,  American ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,465  votes  against 
4,070  votes  for  Wescott,  Independent  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March,  1861. 

Hawkins,  Isaac  R.,  was  born  in  Maury  County, 
Tennessee,  May  16,  1818;  received  an  academic  edu 


cation;  studied  and  practised  law;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  a  first  lieutenant  of  volunteers;  was 
elected  by  the  Tennessee  legislature  as  a  delegate  to 
the  Peace  Congress  of  1861 ;  was  elected  as  the  Union 
candidate  by  a  majority  of  3,000  to  the  State  con 
vention  called  to  consider  the  relations  of  Tennessee 
with  the  General  Government;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  lieutenant-colonel  in  1862 ;  was  appointed 
chancellor  of  the  Sixth  Division  in  1865,  but  de 
clined;  was  unanimously  chosen  to  represent  his 
district  in  the  Chicago  Convention  of  18(38;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
3,322  votes  against  1,819  votes  for  Etheridge,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  5,000  votes  against  981  votes  for  "William  D. 
Coldwell,  Conservative;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  2,825  votes  against 
1,136  votes  for  Foote,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1866,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Hawkins,  Joseph,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York ;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Henderson;  was  for  some  years  a  judge;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  an  Adams  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  31, 1831 ;  died 
at  Henderson,  New  York,  May  9,  1832. 

Hawkins,  Joseph  H.,  resided  in  Lexington, 
Kentucky;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1810-1813,  serv 
ing  the  last  two  years  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Henry  Clay,  resigned),  serving  from 
March  29,  1814,  to  March  2,  1815. 

Hawkins,  Micajah  Thomas,  was  born  in 
Warren  County,  North  Carolina;  received  a  liberal 
education  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina;  was 
•a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Caro 
lina  in  1819,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1823,  1824, 
1825,  1826,  1827,  and  1828;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
at  the  first  election  949  votes  against  863  votes  for 
Mann,  533  votes  for  Wyche,  and  342  votes  for  Pope, 
and  at  the  last  election  1,625  votes  against  1,621  votes 
for  R.  C.  Hilliard,  also  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1831,  until  March  3,  1841 ;  was  a  major- 
general  of  militia;  and  died  in  Warren  County  De 
cember  22,  1858. 

Hawley,  John  B.,  was  born  in  Fail-field  Coun 
ty,  Connecticut,  February  9,  1831;  went  to  Illinois 
with  his  parents  when  quite  young;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Rock  Island;  in  1856  he  was  elected 
State's  attorney,  serving  four  years;  in  1861  he  en 
tered  the  Union  army  as  captain,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  battles  of  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson,  re 
ceiving  injuries  in  the  last  engagement  which  made 
it  necessary  for  him  to  retire  from  military  duty  in 
1862 ;  in  1865  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
postmaster  of  Rock  Island,  and  removed  the  year 
following  by  President  Johnson ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-first  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,269  votes  against  15,547 
votes  for  Singleton,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  12,023  votes  against 
11,982  votes  for  P.  L.  Cable,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  13,123  votes  against  7,215  votes  for  C. 
Truesdale,  Liberal  and  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  was  appointed  as 
sistant  secretary  of  the  treasury  December  6,  1877. 

Hawley,  Joseph  Roswell,  was  born  at  Stew- 
artsville,  North  Carolina,  October  31, 1826;  his  family 
removed  to  Connecticut  in  1837;  was  educated  in 
Connecticut  and  New  York,  and  graduated  at  Ham 
ilton  College  iu  1847;  studied  law  at  Cazenovia,  New 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


439 


York,  and  Farmington,  Connecticut,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Hartford  September  1,  1850;  became  ed 
itor  of  "The  Hartford  Evening  Press"  in  February, 
1857;  enlisted  in  the  First  Regiment  Connecticut 
Volunteers  April  15,  1801,  and  was  commissioned  a 
captain;  served  three  months,  and  immediately  en 
gaged  in  recruiting  the  Seventh  Connecticut  Volun 
teers,  in  which  he  was  commissioned  lieutenant-colo 
nel  ;  became  colonel  in  1862,  and  brigadier-general  in 
1864;  was  brevetted  major-general  in  1865,  and  was 
mustered  out  January  15, 1866 ;  was  elected  governor 
of  Connecticut  in  April,  1866,  holding  the  office 
one  year;  returned  to  journalism  as  editor  of  "  The 
Hartford  Courant,"  with  which  "The  Press  "  had 
been  consolidated;  was  president  of  the  National 
Republican  Convention  in  1868 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican  November  5,  1872  (to  succeed 
Julius  L.  Strong,  deceased),  by  633  majority  over  W. 
W.  Eaton,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  12,048  votes  against  10,766 
votes  for  S.  P.  Kendall,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1872,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  president  of 
the  Centennial  Exhibition  at  Philadelphia  in  1876. 

Haws,  J.  H.  Hobart,  was  born  at  New- York 
City,  and  resided  there ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,155  votes  against  3,824  votes  for 
Marsh,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Hay,  Andrew  K.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts ; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Wins- 
low,  New  Jersey;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,052  votes 
against  6,043  votes  for  Pitney,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Hay,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Belleville,  Illinois, 
January  8,  1834 ;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion;  worked  on  a  farm,  and  in  his  sixteenth  year 
became  a  printer;  subsequently  studied  law,  and  de 
voted  himself  to  the  profession ;  was  for  eight  years 
State's  attorney  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Judicial  Dis 
trict  of  Illinois;  served  in  the  Union  army  during 
the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,980  votes 
against  13,338  votes  for  Snyder,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
10,903  votes  against  10,126  votes  for  W.  Hartzell, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Hayden,  Moses,  was  born  in  Hampshire  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Williams  College  in  1804;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
York,  Livingston  County;  was  first  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  'Livingston  County  1821- 
1823 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Eighteenth  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Hayes,  Philip  C.,  was  born  at  Granby,  Connec 
ticut.  February  3, 1833,  and  removed  with  his  father's 
family  to  La  Salle  County,  Illinois,  during  the  sum 
mer  of  the  same  year ;  spent  the  first  twenty  years  of 
his  life  on  a  farm;  received  a  collegiate  education; 
served  in  the  Union  army,  having  been  commissioned 
successively  captain,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel, 
and  brevetted  brigadier-general;  after  the  war,  be 
came  one  of  the  publishers  of  "  The  Morris  Herald ; " 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  For 
ty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,849 
votes  against  13,313  votes  for  Alexander  Campbell, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Hayes,  Rutherford  B.,  was  born  at  Delaware, 
Ohio,  October  4, 1822;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Kenyon  College,  Ohio;  studied  law  at 
the  Cambridge  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  was 


city  solicitor  1858-1861 ;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1862  as  major  of  the  Twenty-third  Ohio  Volunteers ; 
received  rapid  promotion  for  brilliant  services,  and, 
when  mustered  out  after  the  cessation  of  hostilities, 
was  brigadier-general ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  10,425  votes  against  7,327  votes  for 
Joseph  C.  Butler,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  11,549  votes  against 
8.991  votes  for  Theodore  Cook,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1865,  to  December,  1867,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  elected  governor  of  Ohio;  he 
was  re-elected  in  1869,  serving  1868-1872;  was  again 
elected  governor  of  Ohio,  serving  1876-1877;  was 
elected  President  of  the  United  States  in  1876,  and 
inaugurated  March  4,  1877. 

Haymond,  Thomas  S.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
resided  at  Fail-mount;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (in  place 
of  Alexander  Newman,  deceased),  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Haympnd,  William  S.,  was  born  near  Clarks 
burg,  Virginia  (now  West  Virginia) ;  received  a  thor 
ough  classical  and  scientific  education;  taught  school 
two  years,  and  served  as  a  civil  engineer  about  one 
year;  studied  medicine  in  his  native  State,  and  is  a 
graduate  of  two  medical  colleges,  one  of  which  is 
the  Bellevue  Hospital  College  of  New- York  City; 
commenced  practice  at  Moriticello  in  1851,  and  has 
continued  it  since,  except  when  interrupted  by  other 
duties  imposed  upon  him;  entered  the  Union  army 
in  1861  as  a  surgeon,  and  served  until  1863 ;  was  the 
unsuccessful  candidate  of  the  Democrats  and  Liber 
als  in  his  district  for  the  State  Senate  in  18C6;  was 
elected  president  of  the  Indianapolis,  Delphi,  and 
Chicago  Railroad  in  1872,  1873,  and  1874 ;  is  the  pro 
jector  of  the  Chicago  and  South- Atlantic  Railroad, 
—  a  trunk-line  which  will  extend  from  Chicago  to 
Charleston  and  Port  Royal,  South  Carolina:  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  the  candidate  of  the  Democrats 
and  Liberals,  receiving  15,088  votes  against  14,423 
votes  for  W.  H.  Calkins,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  6,  1875,  to  March  4,  1877;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,390  votes  against  16,439  votes  for 
W.  H.  Calkins,  Republican. 

Hayne,  Arthur  P.  (brother  of  Robert  Y.  Hayne), 
was  born  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  March  12, 
1788;  received  an  English  education,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  re 
ceiving  promotion  until  he  became  an  inspector-gen 
eral;  participated  in  engagements  on  the  Northern 
frontier,  at  Pensacola,  and  at  New  Orleans;  studied 
law  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
served  in  the  Florida  war  in  command  of  the  Tennes 
see  volunteers ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  of  South  Carolina;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  Jackson  and  Calhoun  ticket  in 
1828;  was  United-States  naval  agent  in  the  Mediter 
ranean  for  five  years;  was  offered  and  declined  the 
Belgian  mission;  was  appointed  a  United-States 
senator  from  South  Carolina  (in  place  of  Josiah  J. 
Evans,  deceased),  serving  from  May  20,  1858,  to  Jan 
uary  5,  1859,  when  his  successor  took  his  seat ;  died 
at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  January  0,  1807. 

Hayne,  Robert  Y.  (brother  of  Arthur  P.  Hayne), 
was  born  near  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  November 
10,  1791 ;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied 
law  with  Langdon  Cheves  and  A.  B.  Northrop;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  eight  days  before  he  was  of  age, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Charleston;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature  1814-1818,  serving  the  last 
year  as  speaker;  was  attorney-general  1818-1822; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  South  Caro 
lina  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  defeating  Judge 
William  Smith,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
December,  1832,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elect 
ed  governor;  served  as  governor  1832-1 834;  was  in- 
tendant  and  afterwards  mayor  of  Charleston.  1835- 


440 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1836 ;  was  president  of  the  Cincinnati  and  Charleston 
Railroad  183(5-1839;  and  died  at  Ashville,  North  Car 
olina,  where  he  was  in  attendance  on  a  railroad  con 
vention,  September  24,  1839;  was  a  contributor  to 
"  The  Southern  Review."  His  life  and  speeches  were 
published  in  1845. 

Haynes,  Charles  E.,  was  born  at  Brunswick, 
Virginia;  removed  to  Georgia,  and  located  at  Sparta; 
was  defeated  as  a  Clark  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  by  Crawford,  State-rights,  on 
a  general  ticket ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3,  1831 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Union 
man,  receiving  27,631  votes  against  24,734  votes  for 
Daniell,  State-rights;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  29,490  votes  against 
28,450  votes  for  King,  State-rights,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Hays,  Charles,  was  born  in  Greene  County, 
Alabama,  February  2,  1834;  was  educated  at  the 
University  of  Georgia,  and  matriculated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Virginia  in  May,  18(54;  devoted  himself 
entirely  to  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  elected  to  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  Alabama  in  1867;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Alabama  in  1868,  and, 
while  a  member,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  a  majority  of  16,000  votes  over  Dustin,  In 
dependent,  and  Read,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  18,373  votes 
against  16,540  votes  for  J.  G.  Harris,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  by  a  majority 
of  5,212  over  his  competitor;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
23,900  votes  against  18,378  votes  for  James  T.  Jones, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1869,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Hays,  L.  Samuel,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  Virginia,  locating  at  Stuard's  Creek; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Hays,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Virginia;  resided  at 
Franklin,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  that  State  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,044  votes  against  892  votes  for 
Doughty,  Abolition,  and  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Haywood,  William  Henry,  jun.,  was  born 
in  Wake  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1801 ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1819;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1831  and  1834- 
1836,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  in  1842  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  until  he  resigned,  July  25, 
1846;  returned  to  practice;  was  a  great  sufferer  from 
a  cancer  at  the  root  of  his  tongue,  and  died  at  Ra 
leigh,  North  Carolina,  October  (5,  1852. 

Hazard,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island, 
and  was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  in  1787  and  in  1788. 

Hazard,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Newport, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1773;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1792;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  his  death,  after  ten  days'  sickness,  at  Wash 
ington  City,  December  17,  1820.  He. had  been  de 
feated  the  previous  August  for  re-election  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
having  received  2,033  votes  against  3,563  votes  for 
Job  Durfee,  Federalist. 

Hazeltine,  Abner,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  resided  at  Jamestown;  was  a  member  of 


the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1829  and  1830; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Hazelton,  George  C.,  was  born  at  Chester,  New 
Hampshire,  January  3, 1833 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Union  College,  Schenectady, 
New  York,  in  1858;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  the  State  of  New  York,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Boscobel,  Wisconsin,  in  1863;  was  elected  dis 
trict-attorney  of  Grant  County  in  1864,  and  re-elected 
in  1866 ;  in  1867  was  elected  State  senator,  and  chosen 
president  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate,  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Senate  in  1860 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  15,582  votes  against  13,034  votes 
for  Philo  A.  Orton,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Oc 
tober  15,  1877. 

Hazelton,  Gerry  W.,  was  born  at  Chester,  New 
Hampshire,  February  24, 1829 ;  educated  at  the  Pink- 
erton  Academy,  Deny,  New  Hampshire,  and  after 
ward  with  a  private  tutor;  studied  law  in  New  York ; 
removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1856;  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1860,  and  twice  chosen  presi 
dent  pro  tempore;  elected  district-attorney  for  Co 
lumbia  County  in  1864;  appointed  collector  of  inter 
nal  revenue  for  the  Second  District  in  the  winter  of 
1866,  and  removed  by  Andrew  Johnson  in  the  same 
year;  appointed  United-States  attorney  for  the  dis 
trict  of  Wisconsin  in  1869,  which  place  he  held  until 
elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,467 
votes  against  11,568  votes  for  A.  G.  Cook,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  13,745  votes  against  9,880  votes  for  A.  War 
den,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 1871,  to  March 
3, 1875. 

Hazelton,  John  W.,  was  born  at  Mullica  Hill, 
New  Jersey;  attended  the  public  schools  there,  and 
the  high  school  at  Burlington;  was  a  practical  farm 
er;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  at  Chicago  in  1868;  was  an  elector  on 
the  Grant  and  Coif  ax  ticket  in  the  fall  of  that  year; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,502  votes  against  12,469  votes  for  B.  F.  Lee,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  15,312  votes  against  8,948  votes  for  O.  A. 
Chute,  Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Head,  John  W.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat.  His  suc 
cessor  also  died  before  taking  his  seat,  and  Congress 
voted  each  of  their  widows  $1,250. 

Healy,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Cheshire,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1776;  received  a  good  English  educa 
tion;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1824;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,000 
majority  over  Ezekiel  Webster,  Federalist;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Executive  Council  1829-1832;  died  at 
Washington,  New  Hampshire,  October  10,  1861. 

Heath,  James  P.,  was  born  in.  Delaware  De 
cember  21,  1777;  received  an  academic  education; 
fought  a  duel  when  nineteen  years  of  age  with  John 
Knight,  receiving  a  ball,  which  was  never  extracted ; 
was  a  lieutenant  of  engineers  in  the  regular  army 
1799-1802;  was  register  in  chancery  at  Annapolis; 
served  throughout  the  war  of  1812  as  aide-de-camp 
to  General  Winder  of  the  Maryland  militia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twen 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  400  ma 
jority  over  Benjamin  C.  Howard,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  re-election  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  by  Benjamin  C.  Howard, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


441 


Whig ;  was  one  of  the  survivors  of  the  wreck  of  the 
steamer  "  Pulaski "  in  1838;  and  died  at  Georgetown, 
District  of  Columbia,  June  12,  1854. 

Heath,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received  a 
classical  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Third  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797. 

Heaton,  David,  was  born  at  Hamilton,  Ohio, 
March  10,  1823;  received  an  academic  education; 
read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice ;  was  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1855; 
advocated  the  election  of  Fremont  in  1850 ;  removed 
to  St.  Anthony's  Falls,  Minnesota,  in  1857;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Minnesota  1858-1863 ; 
was  appointed  by  Secretary  Chase  special  agent  of 
the  Treasury  Department  and  United-States  Deposi 
tory  at  New  Berne,  North  Carolina,  in  1803 ;  was  ap 
pointed  third  auditor  of  the  treasury  in  1864,  but 
declined ;  was  the  author  of  the  Republican  platform 
adopted  at  the  Raleigh  Convention  March  27,  1867 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
North  Carolina  in  1867;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Republican  in  April,  1868;  was  re-elected  in  1868, 
receiving  14,895  votes  against  12,293  votes  for  Kenan, 
Democrat;  land  was  renominated  in  1870,  serving 
from  July  15,  1868,  until  he  died  at  Washington  of 
consumption  June  25,  1870. 

Hebard,  William,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Chelsea,  Vermont;  was  judge  of  probate  for  Orange 
County  seven  years ;  was  several  times  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature;  was  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  1842-1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Vermont  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  5,603  votes  against  5,228  votes  for  Webber, 
Democrat,  and  296  votes  for  Weston,  Cass  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,652  votes  against  4,384  votes  for  Jefferson 
P.  Kidder,  Democrat,  and  206  scattering,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Heflin,  Robert  S.,  was  born  near  Madison, 
Georgia,  April  15,  1815;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation  ;  served  in  the  Creek  war  in  1836 :  was  elected 
clerk  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Fayette  County, 
Georgia,  1836-1840;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1840;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Georgia  in  1840  and  1841 ;  removed  to  Randolph  Coun 
ty,  Georgia,  in  1844;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  of  Georgia  in  1849,  and  of  the  Senate 
in  1860;  was  an  uncompromising  Union  man  during 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  in  August,  1864,  was 
compelled  to  leave  his  home  to  save  his  life,  passing 
through  the  lines  to  the  Union  army  at  Rome, 
Georgia,  and  accompanying  General  Sherman's  com 
mand  to  Savannah;  was  appointed  judge  of  probate 
in  1865  by  Provisional-Governor  Parsons,  and  was 
subsequently  elected  to  that  office,  which  he  held 
until  the  State  was  admitted  into  the  Union;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket 
in  1872 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ala 
bama  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,895  votes  against  9,652  votes  for  Parken- 
son,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

Heister,  Daniel  (brother  of  John  Heistcr,  and 
uncle  of  John  Heister),  was  born  in  Berks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1747;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Mont 
gomery  County ;  was  actively  engaged  in  pre-Revolu- 
tionary  movements;  was  colonel  and  afterwards 
brigadier-general  of  militia,  and  saw  some  service 
in  the  Revolutionary  war;  was  a  member  of  the 
Supreme  Executive  Council  of  Pennsylvania  1784- 
1786 ;  was  appointed  a  commissioner  of  the  Connect 
icut  Land  Claims  in  1787;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  first  Congress ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses, 


serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  July  1,  1796,  when  he 
resigned;  removed  to  Hagerstown,  Maryland;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Seventh  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March 
8,  1804,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Heister,  Daniel  (son  of  John  Heister,  and 
nephew  of  Daniel  Heister),  was  born  in  Berks 
County,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving 
from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Heister,  Isaac  E.,  was  born  in  Lancaster 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1842;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Lancaster;  was  deputy-attorney-general  for 
Lancaster  County  in  1848;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,840  votes  against  6,456  votes 
for  Sampson,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  died  at  Lancaster,  Pennsyl 
vania,  February  6,  1871. 

Heister,  John  (brother  of  Daniel  Heister,  and 
uncle  of  Daniel  Heister),  was  born  in  Berks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  April  9,  1746;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Tenth  Congress, 
serving  from  October  26, 1807,  to  March  3,  1809 ;  died 
October  15.  1821. 

Heister,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Berne  Township, 
Berks  County,  Pennsylvania,  November  18,  1752 ;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as 
captain  of  a  company  which  he  raised  and  equipped ; 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  colonel ;  was  taken  pris 
oner,  and  confined  on  the  Jersey  prison-ship;  was 
a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1776; 
served  five  years  in  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives,  and  four  years  in  the  State  Senate;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1790;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Fifth  Congress  (in  place  of  George  Ege, 
resigned);  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  and 
Eighth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1797, 
to  March  3,  1805;  was  appointed  major-general  in 
1807  to  command  the  quota  of  Pennsylvania  militia 
called  for  by  the  President ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  4, 
1815,  to  1820,  when  he  resigned;  was  governor  of 
Pennsylvania  1820-1823 ;  retired  from  public  life,  and 
died  at  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  June  10,  1832. 

Heister,  William  (nephew  of  Daniel  Heister 
and  John  Heister),  was  born  at  Berne  Township, 
Berks  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1791;  received  a 
public-school  education;  devoted  himself  to  agri 
cultural  pursuits  on  a  farm  in  Lancaster  County; 
was  a  leading  anti-Mason ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  1,422  votes  against  1,067  votes 
for  B.  Champneys,  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1837;  and 
died  on  his  farm  in  Lancaster  County  October  14, 
1853. 

Helmick,  William,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Ohio,  September  6,  1817 ;  received  a  public- 
schooreducation ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1845,  and  commenced  practice;  was  elected 
prosecuting-attorney  in  1851 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  8,949  votes  against  8,719  votes 
for  Burns,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 1859, 
to  March  3,  1861;  was  a  clerk  in  the  Department  of 
the  Interior. 

Helms,  William,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  Avar;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth, 


442 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1811;  removed  to 
Tennessee,  and  died  there  in  1813. 

Hemphill,  John,  was  a  native  of  Chester  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina;  located  at  Sumter,  South 
Carolina,  where  he  edited  a  nullification  paper  in 
the  crisis  of  1832-1833 ;  removed  to  Texas ;  was  for 
many  years  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
that  State;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Texas,  serving  from  December  5, 1859,  until  he  with 
drew,  and  was  subsequently  expelled  July  10,  1801 ; 
was  a  deputy  to  the  Provisional  Congress  of  the  Con 
federate  States  which  assembled  at  Montgomery  in 
February,  1861 ;  was  chief  justice  of  Texas ;  and  died 
at  Richmond.  Virginia,  January  4,  1862. 

Hemphill,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Delaware 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1770;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Chester  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  removed  to 
Philadelphia;  was  appointed  the  first  president- 
judge  of  the  city  and  county;  was  again  elected  a 
representative  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nine 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  6,  1819, 
to  1826,  when  he  resigned ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1831, 
1832;  and  died  at  Philadelphia  May  29,  1842. 

Hempstead,  Edward,  was  born  at  New  Lon 
don,  Connecticut,  June  3, 1780;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1801 ;  commenced  practice  in  Rhode  Island,  and 
in  1805  removed  to  St.  Louis ;  wras  attorney-general 
for  the  Territory  of  Upper  Louisiana  1809-1811 ;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Missouri  Territory  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  January  4,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815 ;  went  on  several  expeditions  against  the  Indi 
ans;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  Assembly,  and 
its  speaker;  and  died  at  St.  Louis  August  10,  1817. 

Hemsley,  William,  resided  in  Maryland,  and 
was  a  delegate  from  that  State  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1782-1784. 

Hendee,  George  Whitman,  was  born  at  Stow, 
Vermont,  November  30,  1832;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Morrisville;  was  prose- 
cuting-attorney  in  1858-1859 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Vermont  House  of  Representatives  in  1861  and  1862; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Vermont  in 
1866,  1867,  and  1868,  and  president  pro  tempore  the 
last  year;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Vermont  in 
1869 ;  was  governor  of  Vermont  in  1870 ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11, 473  votes 
against  3,182  votes  for  H.  C.  Adams,  Liberal  Repub 
lican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  9,043  votes  against  3,646  votes  for  Edwards, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,974  votes  against  5,367  votes  for 
Edwards,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 1873. 

Henderson,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Salisbury, 
North  Carolina,  August  7,  1868;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  law  with  his  father,  Judge 
Richard  Henderson;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and 
became  the  head  of  the  bar  in  North  Carolina ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Sixth  Congress,  defeating  Matthew  Locke ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1799,  until  March  3,  1803;  was  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1807, 
1808,  and  1819;  and  died  at  Salisbury  October  21, 
1822. 

Henderson,  Bennett  H.,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3, 1817. 


Henderson,  James  Pinckney,  was  born  in 
Lincoln  County,  North  Carolina,  March  31,  1808; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mis 
sissippi;  removed  to  the  republic  of  Texas  in  1836; 
was  appointed  by  President  Houston  attorney-general, 
and  subsequently  secretary  of  state;  visited  Europe 
as  the  diplomatic  representative  of  Texas,  and  in 
1844  visited  the  United  States  as  special  minister  to 
negotiate  annexation;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1845 ;  was  governor  of 
Texas  in  1846,  and  commanded  in  person  the  State 
volunteers  called  for  by  General  Taylor,  distinguish 
ing  himself  at  Monterey;  received  from  Congress  a 
vote  of  thanks,  and  a  sword  which  cost  $1,500;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Texas  as  a 
State-rights  Democrat  (in  place  of  Thomas  J.  Rusk, 
deceased),  serving  from  March  1,  1856,  to  June  4, 
1858,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Henderson,  John,  was  born  in"  1795;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pass  Chris 
tian,  Mississippi;  was  a  brigadier-general  of  militia; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mississippi 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1845;  practised  at  New  Orleans;  was  tried  at  New 
Orleans  on  a  charge  of  having  been  engaged  in  fitting 
out  an  armed  expedition  against  Cuba,  and  acquitted; 
and  died  at  Pass  Christian,  Mississippi,  in  1857. 

Henderson,  John  B.,  was  born  near  Danville, 
Virginia,  November  16,  1826;  removed  to  Missouri 
when  a  child;  received  an  academical  education,  and 
taught  school  for  several  years ;  studied  and  practised 
law;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Mis 
souri  in  1848  and  1856 ;  originated  the  State  railroad 
and  banking  laws  in  1857;  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1856  on  the  Buchanan  ticket,  but  opposed  the  ad 
ministration  after  the  President's  message  on  the 
Lecompton  Constitution  of  Kansas ;  was  a  candidate 
for  Congress  in  1858  as  a  friend  of  Mr.  Douglas,  but 
was  defeated  by  Gilchrist  Porter;  was  an  elector  on 
the  Douglas  ticket  in  1860,  pledging  himself  to  vote 
for  either  Douglas  or  Bell  to  cany  the  State  against 
Breckinridge,  the  Secession  candidate;  was  beaten 
again  for  Congress  in  1860,  after  a  most  exciting  can 
vass,  by  James  S.  Rollins,  the  majority  being  about 
200  in  a  total  vote  of  23,000;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Convention  in  1861  called  to  determine  whether 
Missouri  should  secede,  and  took  a  prominent  part  in 
its  proceedings  as  a  Union  man;  in  June,  1861,  he 
procured  arms,  and  equipped  a  regiment  of  loyal 
State  militia,  and  went  into  service'with  them  that 
fall;  was  appointed,  in  January,  1862,  to  succeed 
Trusten  Polk  in  the  United-States  Senate ;  was  elect 
ed  United-States  senator  from  Tennessee  January, 
1863,  to  serve  out  Mr.  Polk's  unexpired  term;  and 
was  re-elected  in  1863,  serving  from  February,  1863, 
to  March  3,  1869 ;  was  a  commissioner  to  treat  with 
hostile  tribes  of  Indians  in  1867 ;  was  appointed  as 
sistant  United-States  district-attorney  in  1875  to  con 
duct  the  prosecution  of  parties  accused  with  having 
evaded  the  revenue  laws,  but  reflected  on  President 
Grant  in  an  argument,  and  was  removed. 

Henderson,  John  H.  D.,  was  born  near  Salem, 
Kentucky,  July  23, 1810;  was  taken  to  Missouri  Ter 
ritory  by  his  parents  in  1817 ;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  learned  the  art  of  printing ;  entered  the 
ministry,  and  was  pastor  of  the  Concord  congrega 
tion,  Washington  County,  Pennsylvania,  1843-1851; 
returned  to  Missouri ;  left  April  8,  1852,  for  Oregon, 
across  the  continent,  arriving  October  12,  1852;  was 
defeated  as  a  Temperance  candidate  for  the  Territorial 
Council  by  30  votes  in  1854;  was  elected  superin 
tendent  of  public  schools  in  Lane  County  in  185!) ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Oregon  in  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,719  votes 
against  5,992  votes  for  Kelly,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4, 1865,  to  March  3, 1867 ;  retired  to  private 
life,  lecturing  and  preaching  as  occasion  offered. 

Henderson,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


443 


received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  James  Mil 
ler,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  603  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  2, 1833,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Henderson,  Samuel,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Jonathan  Roberts,  elected  senator),  serv 
ing  from  March  29,  1814,  to  March  2,  1815. 

Henderson,  Thomas,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1761;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  New  Jersey  1779-1780;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Fourth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3, 
1797. 

Henderson1,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  at  Browns 
ville,  Tennessee,  November  29,  1824;  received  an 
academic  education;  removed  to  Illinois  at  the  age 
of  eleven;  was  reared  upon  a  farm;  was  elected 
clerk  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court,  and  then 
clerk  of  the  County  Court,  holding  the  office  from 
1847  until  1853;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1853,  and  has  since  practised;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1855-1856, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1857-1861;  entered  the 
Union  army  in  1862  as  colonel  of  the  One  Hundred 
and  Twelfth  Regiment  of  Illinois  Volunteer  Infan 
try,  and  was  brevetted  in  January,  1865,  for  gallant 
services  in  the  Georgia  and  Tennessee  campaigns, 
especially  at  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Tennessee;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,389  votes  against  6,279  votes  for  Isaac  H.  Elliott, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,560  votes  against  9,821  votes  for 
Charles  Dunham,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
6,  1875. 

Hendricks,  Thomas  Andrews  (nephew  of 
William  Hendricks),  was  bom  in  Muskingum  Coun 
ty,  Ohio,  September  7,  1819;  was  taken  when  three 
years  of  age  to  Shelby  County,  Indiana;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Hanover  College  in 
1841;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Shelbyville ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1848, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1849;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Convention  in  1850;  was  nominated  on 
the  fifty-third  ballot  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1851,  to  March  3, 
1855 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,286  votes 
against  9,824  votes  for  Lucian  Barbour,  Republican ; 
was  commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office  1855- 
1859;  was  defeated  as  Democratic  candidate  for  gov 
ernor  by  Oliver  P.  Morton  in  1859;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Indiana,  serving  from 
December  7, 1863,  to  March  3,  1869;  was  again  de 
feated  as  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1868; 
was  fleeted  governor  of  Indiana  in  1872,  and  re-elect 
ed,  serving  until  1877;  was  nominated  for  Vice-Pres 
ident  on  the  Democratic  ticket  at  St.  Louis  in  1876, 
and  defeated. 

Hendricks,  "William  (uncle  of  Thomas  A. 
Hendricks),  was  born  in  Westmoreland  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1783;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  removed  to  Indiana,  and  was  one  of  the  first 
settlers  at  Madison  in  1814;  was  secretary  of  the 
first  State  Convention ;  was  elected  the  only  represen 
tative  from  Indiana  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,160  votes  against  1,629  votes 
for  General  Posey;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  receiving  5,691  votes  against  3,461  votes 
for  General  Posey;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  defeating  Reuben  W.  Nelson;  and  was  re- 


elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1816,  to  1822,  when  he  resigned;  was 
governor  of  Indiana  1822-1825 ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Indiana  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  de 
feated  for  re-election  as  United-States  senator;  and 
died  at  Madison,  Indiana,  May  16,  1850. 

Henkle,  Eli  Jones,  was  born  in  Baltimore 
County,  Maryland,  November  24,  1828;  received  an 
academic  education ;  taught  school  three  years ;  stud 
ied  medicine,  and  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Maryland  in  1850;  has  devoted  his  attention  chiefly 
to  the  practice  of  his  profession  and  to  fruit-culture ; 
was  a  trustee,  and  also  professor  of  anatomy,  physi 
ology,  and  hygiene,  in  the  Maryland  Agricultural 
College;  was  president  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  of 
Washington  University  of  Baltimore,  and  a  director 
in  the  Baltimore  and  Potomac  Railroad  Company; 
was  elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates  in  1863 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1864;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1866,  and 
again  in  1867,  serving  in  1867,  1868,  and  1870;  was 
again  elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates  in  1871  and 
1873;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  in  1872;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,862  votes  against  10,452  votes 
for  A.  B.  Hagner,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,436  votes  against 
11,705  votes  for  John  H.  Sellman,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1875. 

Henley,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  Indiana  in 
1810;  was  educated  at  the  Indiana  State  College; 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1832-1842;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,020  votes 
against  6,070  votes  for  White,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  7,219  votes 
against  6,376  votes  for  Martin,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  7,170 
votes  against  7,130  votes  for  John  S.  Davis,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849; 
removed  to  California,  where  he  was  a  member  of 
the  first  State  legislature;  was  for  seven  years  super 
intendent  of  Indian  affairs  for  California;  was  post 
master  at  San  Francisco. 

Henn,  Bernhart,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Iowa, 
locating  at  Fairfield;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,437  votes  against  6,985  votes 
for  Wright,  Whig,  and  301  votes  Free-Soil ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
9,453  votes  against  7,850  votes  for  Viele,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Henry,  Daniel  M.,  was  born  near  Cambridge, 
Dorchester  County,  Maryland,  February  19,  1823; 
was  educated  at  Cambridge  Academy,  and  at  St. 
John's  College,  Annapolis;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1844,  and  commenced  practice ; 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  House  of  Delegates  of 
Maryland  in  1846,  and  again  in  1849 ;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1869;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,287  votes  against 
11,905  votes  for  Thomas  A.  Spence,  Republican,  and 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Henry,  James,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  received 
a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
practice,  and  was  appointed  a  judge;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  Virginia  1780-1781 ; 
died  in  Virginia  January  17,  1805. 

Henry,  John,  was  born  at  Eastern,  Maryland; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1769;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Easton;  was  a  delegate 
from  Maryland  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778- 
1781  and  1784-1787;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Maryland,  serving  from  March  4,  1789, 


444 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


to  December  10, 1797,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
elected  governor;  was  governor  of  Maryland  1797- 
1798;  and  died  at  Easton,  Maryland,  December  16, 
1798. 

Henry,  John  F.  (brother  of  Robert  P.  Henry), 
was  born  in  Scott  County,  Kentucky,  January  17, 
1793;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits  and  to 
the  practice  of  medicine ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  his  brother  Robert  P.  Henry,  deceased),  serv 
ing  from  December  11,  1826,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Henry,  Patrick,  was  born  at  Studley,  Hanover 
County,  Virginia,  May  29,  1736;  was  educated  by  his 
father;  engaged  unsuccessfully  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1760, 
and  commenced  practice ;  removed  to  Louisa  County 
in  1764;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of  Bur 
gesses  1765 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  1774-1776;  was  colonel  of  the  First 
Virginia  Regiment  for  a  few  months ;  was  governor  of 
Virginia  1770-1779  and  1784-1786;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Convention  which  ratified  the  Federal  Con 
stitution  in  1788;  retired  from  the  bar  in  1794,  and 
devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  declined 
the  appointment  of  Federal  secretary  of  state  offered 
by  Washington,  and  that  of  minister  to  France 
offered  by  John  Adams;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  March,  1799,  but  never  took  his  seat;  and 
died  on  his  estate  of  Red  Hill,  in  Charlotte  County, 
June  6,  1799.  His  life  was  written  by  William  Wirt, 
and  also  by  Alexander  H.  Everett. 

Henry,  Robert  P.  (brother  of  John  F.  Henry), 
was  born  in  Scott  County,  Kentucky,  November  24, 
1788;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Transylvania  College ;  studied  law  with  Henry  Clay ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  his  judicial 
circuit;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  aide-de-camp  to 
his  father,  Ma jor-General  William  Henry;  removed 
to  Hopkinsville;  was  again  prosecuting-attorney  for 
his  judicial  circuit ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Clay 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  August 
25,  1826,  when  he  died  of  fever  at  Hopkinsville, 
Kentucky. 

Henry,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1785 ; 
immigrated  to  the  United  States,  and  located  at 
Beaver,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  5,260  votes  against  4,330  votes  for  James  D. 
White,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1843;  and  died  at  Beaver,  Pennsylvania, 
July  27,  1849. 

Henry,  William,  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl 
vania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1786. 

Henry,  William,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ver 
mont,  and  settled  at  Bellows  Falls;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,627  votes  against  3,071 
votes  for  Bradley,  Democrat,  and  2,580  votes  Aboli 
tion  and  scattering;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1851. 

Herbert,  Hillary  A.,  was  born  at  Laurensville, 
South  Carolina,  March  12,  1S34;  removed  to  Green 
ville,  Butler  County,  Alabama,  in  1846;  attended  the 
University  of  Alabama  in  1853-1854,  and  the  Uni 
versity  of  Virginia  1855-1856;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  entered  the  Confederate  service 
as  captain;  was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of  the 
Eighth  Alabama  Volunteers;  was  disabled  at  the  bat 
tle  of  the  Wilderness  May  6,  1864;  continued  the 
practice  of  the  law  at  Greenville,  Alabama,  until 
1872,  when  he  removed  to  Montgomery ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,435  votes 


against  9,394  votes  for  Gerald  B.  Hall,  Republican, 
and  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Herbert,  John  C.,  was  born  in  Maryland:  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4, 1815,  to  March 
3,  1819. 

Herbert,  Philemon  T.,  was  born  in  Alabama; 
removed  to  California,  locating  at  Mariposa  City; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  California  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
•37,409  votes  against  36,158  votes  for  Benham,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Hereford,  Prank,  was  born  in  Fauqnier  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  July  4,  1825;  graduated  in  1845;  stud 
ied  law,  and  practised  his  profession;  removed 
to  California;  was  district-attorney  of  Sacramento 
County,  California,  October,  1855-October,  1857;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  West  Virginia  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,'  receiving  (in 
cluding  two  counties  which  were  not  officially 
counted  by  reason  of  their  returns  not  having  been 
received)  8,982  votes  against  7,189  votes  for  John  S. 
Witchcr,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  having  as  a  competitor,  in  August, 
J.  B.  Walker,  Republican,  and,  in  October,  J.  S. 
Swan;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  13,524  votes  against  7", 745  votes  for 
Witcher,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871, 
to  January  31,  1877,  when,  having  been  elected  a 
United-States  senator  (in  place  of  Allen  T.  Caperton, 
deceased),  he  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate. 

Herkimer,  John,  was  born  at  Danube,  Her- 
kimer  County,  New  York,  in  1773;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1800-1808;  was  for  several  years 
a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to 
March  3,  1819;  removed  to  Meriden,  New  York ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  returned 
to  Danube,  and  died  there  June  8,  1845. 

Hernandez,  Joseph  M.,  was  born  at  St.  Au 
gustine,  Florida,  when  it  was  a  Spanish  colony; 
transferred  his  allegiance  to  the  United  States ;  was 
elected  the  first  delegate  from  the  Florida  Territory 
in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  January 
3,  1823,  to  March  3,  1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Ter 
ritorial  House  of  Representatives,  and  its  presiding 
officer;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
during  the  war  against  the  Florida  Indians;  and  died 
near  Matanzas,  Cuba,  June  8, 1857. 

Herndpn,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Rome, 
Georgia,  November  27, 1837 ;  removed  Avith  his  father 
to  Wood  County,  Texas,  in  May,  1852;  received  a 
collegiate  education  at  McKenzie  College,  Texas; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in  1860;  en 
listed  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  1861, 
and  remained  until  the  close  of  the  Avar;  resumed 
the  practice  of  the  laAV  at  Tyler,  Smith  County;  Avas 
elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14.521 
votes  against  10,209  votes  for  G.  W.  Whitmore,  Radi 
cal  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Herod,  William,  received  a  thorough  English 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and 
commenced  practice  at  Columbus,  Indiana:  Avas  a 
member  of  the  Indiana  State  Senate;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death 
of  George  L.  Keirnard)  as  a  Whig;  and  AVUS  re-elect 
ed  to  the  TAventy-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,635  votes 
against  5,888  votes  for  J.  B.  Ray,  Democrat,  serving 
from  January  25,  1837,  to  March  3, 1839;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  by  W.  W.  Wick,  Avho  received  800  majority. 

Herrick,  Anson  (son  of  Ebenezcr  Herrick), 
Avas  born  at  Lewiston,  Maine,  January  21,  1812 ;  re- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


445 


ceived  a  public-school  education,  and  learned  the  art 
of  printing;  established  "The  Citizen"  at  Wiscas- 
set,  Maine,  in  1833;  removed  to  New  York  in  1S36, 
and  worked  as  a  journeyman  printer  until  1838,  when 
he  established  "The  New-York  Atlas,"  a  weekly 
newspaper,  of  which  he  was  the  editor  until  his 
death;  was  alderman  from  the  Nineteenth  Ward  of 
New-York  City  in  1854-1856 ;  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Buchanan  naval  storekeeper  of  the  port  of 
New  York,  and  served  1857-1861 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,323  votes  against 
4,085  votes  for  Murphy,  Union,  serving  from  Decem 
ber?,  1863,  until  March  3, 1865;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866; 
and  died  at  New  York  February  5,  1868. 

Herrick,  Ebenezer  (father  of  Anson  Herrick), 
was  born  in  Lincoln  County,  Maine ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education ;  was  secretary  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  of  Maine  1820;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  defeating  M.  L.  Hill; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  defeating 
Smith  and  Rose,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  un 
til  March  3, 1827;  declined  a  re-election;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  of  Maine  1828  and  1829 ;  and 
died  at  Lewiston,  Maine,  May  7, 1839. 

Herrick,  Joshua,  was  born  at  Beverly,  Massa 
chusetts,  March  18,  1793;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  in  1811  to  the  then  district  of 
Maine,  and  engaged  in  the  lumbering  business  on  the 
Upper  Androscoggin ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
was  stationed  on  the  Lower  Kennebec;  removed  to 
Brunswick,  where  he  was  connected  with  the  first 
cotton-factory  erected  in  Maine;  was  appointed  in 
1819  deputy-sheriff  of  Cumberland  County,  which 
position  he  held  for  many  years;  removed  early  in 
1829  to  Kennebunkport,  and  in  the  spring  of  that 
year  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  deputy- 
collector  and  inspector  of  customs,  which  position 
he  held  until  March,  1841;  was  chairman  of  the 
county  commissioners  of  York  County  1842-1843; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating 
Rev.  Samuel  Hopkins,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  again  deputy-collector 
and  inspector  of  customs  at  Kennebunkport  1847- 
1849;  was  register  of  probate  of  York  County  1849- 
1855;  was  for  several  years  colonel  of  militia,  and 
held  various  local  and  municipal  offices ;  was  a  warm 
personal  friend  of  Professor  Morse,  and  aided  him  in 
establishing  the  first  line  of  telegraph  in  this  country 
between  Washington  and  Baltimore  in  1844;  died  at 
Alfred,  Maine,  August  30,  1874. 

Herrick,  Richard  P.,  wras  born  in  Rensselaer 
County,  New  York,  in  1791;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,242  votes  against  5,692  votes 
for  Seymour,  Democrat,  and  175  votes  for  Griffith, 
American,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
June  20,  1846,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Herrick,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Dutchess  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  April  14, 1779 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law  at  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1805,  and  commenced  practice; 
removed  to  Zanesville,  Ohio,  in  1810;  held  a  number 
of  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  sen-ing 
from  December  1, 1817,  to  March  3, 1821;  his  election 
was  unsuccessfully  contested  by  C.  Hammond  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Jackson  and  Calhoun  ticket  in  1828;  was  ap 
pointed  United-States  district-attorney  for  Ohio  in 
1829;  died  December  16,  1851. 

Hersey,  Samuel  P.,  was  born  at  Sumner, 
Maine,  April  12,  1812;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Bangor,  and 
was  engaged  in  banking  and  the  lumber  business  in 
Maine,  Minnesota,  and  Wisconsin;  was  a  member  of 


the  legislature  of  Maine  in  1842, 1857, 1865,  1867,  and 
1869,  and  of  the  Executive  Council  in  1851  and  1852 ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven-. 
tion  at  Chicago  in  1860,  also  at  Baltimore  in  1864, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  National  Republican  Com 
mittee  from  1864  to  1868;  and  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Maine  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  13,814  votes  against  8, 706  votes 
for  M.  Emery,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  February  3,  1875,  when  he  died  at  Bangor, 
Maine. 

Hewes,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Kingston,  New 
Jersey,  in  1730;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College;  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits,  and,  at  the  age  of  thirty,  located  at 
Wilmington,  where  he  accumulated  a  fortune ;  re 
moved  to  Edenton,  and  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1774,  1775,  and 
1776 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1774  (signing  the  Declaration  of  Independence  in  1776) 
until  his  death  at  Philadelphia  November  10,  1779. 

Hewitt,  Abram  Stevens,  was  born  at  Haver- 
straw,  New  York,  July  31,  1822;  received  his  ele 
mentary  education  at  the  public  schools  of  New- York 
City,  where  he  received  a  prize-scholarship  to  Co 
lumbia  College,  whence  he  graduated  at  the  head  of 
his  class  in  1842 ;  was  acting  professor  of  mathemat 
ics  in  1843 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice  in  the  State  Supreme  Court  in  October,  1845 ;  his 
eyesight  failing,  he  engaged  in  the  iron  business,  and, 
under  the  firm  of  Cooper  &  Hewitt,  established  ex 
tensive  iron-works  mainly  in  New  Jersey  and  Penn 
sylvania;  was  appointed  one  of  the  ten  United-States 
scientific  commissioners  to  visit  the  French  "Expo 
sition  Universelle"  of  1867,  and  made  a  report  on 
"  Iron  and  Steel,"  which  was  published  by  Congress, 
and  has  been  translated  into  most  foreign  languages; 
has  organized  and  managed  the  "Cooper  Union  for 
the  Advancement  of  Science  and  Art,"  designed 
especially  for  the  education  of  the  working-classes; 
and  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  on  the  regular  Demo 
cratic  ticket,  receiving  9,503  votes  against  8,083  votes 
for  J.  O'Brien,  Irregular  Democrat;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,136  votes 
against  6.805  votes  for  Hamilton  Babcock,  Repub 
lican,  and  696  votes  scattering,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1875. 

Hewitt,  Goldsmith  W.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Alabama,  February  14,  1834;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  wras  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1856,  and  has  since  practised ;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  in  1861,  and  served  until  severely 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  in  1863;  was 
elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1870, 
and  to  the  State  Senate  in  1872  and  1874,  but  resigned 
when  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  15,048  votes  against  9,172  votes  for  J.  H.  Sloss, 
Independent  Democrat ;  and  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  13,634  vote_s_  against 
no  opposition,  serving  from  December  6, 1875. 

Heyward,  Thomas,  was  born  in  the  parish  of 
St.  Luke,  South  Carolina,  in  1746 ;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law  in  the  Temple  at 
London;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  Assembly  of 
North  Carolina;  was  a  delegate  from  North  Carolina 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1798 ;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  captain  of  artillery;  was  taken 
prisoner  at  the  capture  of  Charleston,  and  carried  to 
St.  Augustine;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1790;  and  died  on  his  plantation 
in  the  parish  of  St.  Luke,  South  Carolina,  in  March, 
1809. 

Heyward,  "William.,  jun.,  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1808 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1823, 
to  March  3,  1825. 


446 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Hibbard,  Ellery  A.,  was  born  at  St.  Jotmsbury, 
Vermont,  July  31,  1826;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  clerk  of  the 
•  New-Hampshire  House  of  Representatives  in  1852, 
1853,  and  1854 ;  was  a  member  of  the  New-Hampshire 
House  of  Representatives  in  18ti5  and  1866;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  also  as 
the  candidate  of  the  Labor  Reformers,  receiving 
12,444  votes  against  12,085  votes  for  W.  B.  Small, 
Republican,  216  votes  for  B.  Van  Dame,  Prohibi 
tionist,  and  15  scattering  votes,  serving  from  March 
4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Vermont  1873-1874,  declining  a  re-appoint 
ment  under  the  revised  judiciary  system,  and  resum 
ing  the  practice  of  his  profession. 

Hibbard,  Harry,  was  born  at  Concord,  Ver 
mont,  July  1,  1816;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1835;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Bath,  New  Hampshire;  was 
assistant  clerk  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  1839,  and  clerk  1840-1843 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  and  speaker 
1844-1845 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1846- 
1849 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,363  votes  against  3,358  votes  for  J.  Kit- 
tredge,  Whig,  and  1,712  votes  for  White,  Free-Soiler; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  5,125  votes  against  2,248  votes  for  J.  Kittredge, 
Whig,  and  1,018  votes  for  White,  Free-Soiler;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
9,635  votes  against  7,556  votes  for  Perkins,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855; 
and  died  at  Somersville,  New  Hampshire.  July  27, 
1872. 

Hibshman,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Lancaster, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Hickman,  John,  was.  born  in  Chester  County, 
Pennsylvania,  September  11,  1810;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  commenced  the  study  of  medi 
cine,  but,  finding  his  health  too  feeble  for  the  dissect 
ing-room,  he  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1833,  and  commenced  practice  at  West  Chester; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  Baltimore  in  1844;  was  district-attorney  for 
Chester  County  1844-1845;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,733  votes  against 
6,077  votes  for  Broomall,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,024  votes  against 
7,851  votes  for  Bowen,  Republican,  and  532  votes  for 
Larkin,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Douglas  Democrat,  receiving  6,786 
votes  against  5,185  votes  for  Manley,  Democrat,  and 
4,676  votes  for  Broomall,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  10,140  votes  against  7,701  votes  for  Brinton, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1863;  declined  a  re-election  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1869;  and  died  at  West  Chester, 
Pennsylvania,  March  23,  1875. 

Hicks,  Thomas  Hollyday,  was  born  in  Dor 
chester  County,  Maryland,  September  2,  1798;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  worked  on  his 
father's  farm;  was  elected  constable;  was  sheriff  of 
Dorchester  County  in  1831 ;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1836 ;  was  appointed  register  of  wills 
in  1838,  and  held  the  office  a  number  of  years ;  was 
governor  of  Maryland  1858-1862,  taking  a  firm  stand 
against  secession;  was  appointed  a  United-States 
senator  from  Maryland  as  a  Republican  (in  place  of 
James  A.  Pearce,  deceased),  and  was  subsequently 
elected  by  the  legislature,  serving  from  January  14, 


1863,  to  February  13,  1865.  He  injured  one  of  his 
feet  while  getting  out  of  the  cars  when  on  an  excur 
sion  with  the  Naval  Committee  of  the  Senate ;  ery 
sipelas  set  in,  and  amputation  became  necessary, 
while  his  health  was  enfeebled,  and  he  died  of 
paralysis  at  Washington  City  February  13,  ISuo. 

Hiester,  Isaac  Ellmaker  (son  of  William 
Heister),  was  born  in  Lancaster  County.  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Lancaster;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,840  votes  against 
6,456  votes  for  Sampson,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Antislavery  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,731  votes  against  6,561 
votes  for  Anthony  E.  Roberts,  American  Whig; 
resumed  practice,  and  died  at  Lancaster,  Pennsyl 
vania,  February  (>,  1871. 

Higby,  William,  was  born  at  Willsborough, 
New  York,  August  18,  1813 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Vermont; 
studied  and  practised  law;  went  to  California  in 
1850;  was  district-attorney  from  1853  to  1859;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  California  in  1862 
and  1863;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Cali 
fornia  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Union 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  23,092  votes  against  14,557  votes  for 
Coffroth,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  16,053  votes  against  14,786  votes 
for  Coffroth,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Higginson,  Stephen,  was  born  at  Salem, 
Massachusetts,  November  28,  1743;  was  bred  to 
mercantile  pursuits  and  navigation;  was  a  delegate 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1782-1783;  was  appointed  navy  agent  at  Boston 
1797-1801;  was  a  Federalist,  strongly  opposed  to 
Jefferson;  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  a  regiment  of 
volunteers  sent  from  Boston  to  aid  in  putting  down 
the  Shays  rebellion ;  was  a  heavy  loser  by  the  Avar  of 
1812;  and  died  at  Boston  November  22,  1828.  He 
published  several  political  pamphlets. 

Hill,  Benjamin  Harvey,  was  born  in  Jasper 
County,  Georgia,  September  14,  1823;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
Georgia  at  Athens  in  1844;  stxidied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  commenced  practice 
at  La  Grange,  Georgia;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1851,  1859,  and  1860; 
was  defeated  as  the  American  candidate  for  Congress 
in  1855,  receiving  6,813  votes  against  6,883  votes  for 
H.  Warner,  Democrat;  was  defeated  as  the  American 
candidate  for  governor  of  Georgia  in  1857,  receiving 
46,889  votes  against  57,631  votes  for  J.  E.  Brown, 
Democrat;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Bell  and 
Everett  ticket  in  1861 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Convention  of  1861,  and  advocated  the  Union  until 
the  secession  ordinance  had  been  adopted;  was  a 
delegate  from  Georgia  to  the  Confederate  Provisional 
Congress,  and  subsequently  a  senator  from  Georgia 
in  the  Confederate  Congress;  was  arrested  in  1865, 
and  imprisoned  in  Fort  Lafayette ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Garrett  McMillan),  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,790  votes  without  any 
opposition;  resigned,  having  been  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Georgia,  and  took  his  seat  March 
5,  1877. 

Hill,  Clement  S.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
sided  at  Lebanon ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  an  Inde 
pendent  Democrat,  receiving  6,126  votes  against 
5,996  votes  for  Stone,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Hill,  Hugh  Li.  W.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
resided  at  Irving  College ;  was  elected  a  representa- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


447 


tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849. 

Hill,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Someryille,  Massachu 
setts,  April  6,  1788;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  his  parents  removed  to  a  farm  in  Ashburnham, 
Massachusetts,  in  1798;  was  apprenticed  to  the  art 
of  printing  at  Amherst  1802-1809 ;  removed  to  Con 
cord;  purchased  a  newspaper,  and  issued  it  as  "  The 
New-Hampshire  Patriot"  for  twenty  years;  was  a 
member  of  the  New-Hampshire  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1820-1822  and  1827;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  the  United-States  Senate  in  1828;  was  second 
comptroller  of  the  United-States  Treasury  March  21, 
1829-May  25,  1839;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  Hampshire  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  May  28,  1836,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  elected  governor;  was  govern 
or  of  New  Hampshire  1836-1839;  was  United-States 
sub-treasurer  at  Boston  1840-1841 ;  edited  and  pub 
lished  "Hill's  New-Hampshire  Patriot"  1840-1847; 
edited  and  published  "  The  Farmer's  Monthly 
Visitor"  1841-1851;  died  at  Washington  City 
March  22,  1851.  His  biography  and  speeches  were 
published  at  Concord  in  1835. 

Hill,  John,  was  born  at  Crawford,  North  Caro 
lina;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1819-1822,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1823-1826;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  3,743  votes  against  3,696  votes 
for  A.  H.  Sheppard,  Whig,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  until  March  3,  1841 ;  was  reading- 
clerk  of  the  State  Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1850. 

Hill,  John,  was  born  in  Buckingham  County, 
Virginia;  was  reared  on  a  plantation,  receiving  a 
good  English  education ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  913  votes  against  708  votes  for  D.  A. 
Wilson,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Hill,  John,  was  born  at  Catskill,  New  York, 
June  10,1821;  received  a  private-school  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  removed  to  Boon- 
ton,  New  Jersey,  where  he  held  several  local  offices ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  of  New  Jersey 
in  1861,  1862,  and  1866,  serving  the  last  year  as 
speaker;  was  active  in  raising  troops  for  the 
Union  army  during  the  war  for  the  suppression  of 
the  Rebellion;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,861  votes  against  13,399  votes 
for  Rogers,  Democrat,  and  194  votes  for  Huyler, 
Independent  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  16,486  votes  against  16,410 
votes  for  Philip  Rafferty,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  18,057  votes 
against  15,304  votes  for  Philip  Rafferty,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Hill,  Joshua,  was  born  in  Abbeville  District, 
South  Carolina,  January  10,  1812 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Madison,  Georgia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
4,800  votes  against  4,525  votes  for  L.  Stephens, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  4,492  votes  against  4,353  votes 
for  Harper,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  January  23,  1861,  when  he  resigned,  in 
obedience  to  the  wish  of  the  Georgia  Convention; 
remained  on  his  plantation  during  the  war ;  was  ap 
pointed  collector  of  customs  at  Savannah  in  1866; 
was  appointed  a  register  in  bankruptcy  in  1867;  was 
a  visitor  to  West  Point  in  1867 ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Georgia,  serving  from  January 
30,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Hill,  Mark  L.,  was  born  at  Biddeford,  Massa 


chusetts  (now  Maine),  June  30,  1772;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  House  of  Representatives,  and  sub 
sequently  of  the  Senate  of  that  State;  was  a  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March 
3,  1821 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  postmaster  at  Phipps- 
burg,  Maine;  was  an  overseer  of  Bowdoin  College 
for  many  years;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Bath, 
Maine;  and  died  at  Phippsburg,  Maine,  November 
26,  1842. 

Hill,  Ralph,  was  born  at  Johnson,  ©hio,  October 
12,  1827;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law  at  the  New- York  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Columbus, 
Indiana,  in  1852 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  12,017  votes  against  11,173  votes  for 
W.  Harrington,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Hill,  Whitmil,  was  born  in  Bertie  County, 
North  Carolina,  February  12,  1743;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania;  was  a  man  of  fine  literary  attain 
ments,  and  entered  zealously  into  the  Revolutionary 
struggle ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Assembly  of  Freemen 
at  Hillsborough  in  1775,  the  State  Congress  at  Halifax 
in  April,  1776,  and  the  Constitutional  Convention  at 
Halifax  December  18,  1776;  was  lieutenant-colonel 
in  the  North-Carolina  militia ;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1777,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1778-1780,  1784,  and  1785 ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from  North 
Carolina  1778-1781;  died  at  Hill's  Ferry,  North  Caro 
lina,  September  26,  1797. 

Hill,  "William  H.,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Sixth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March 
3,  1803;  was  judge  of  the  United-States  District 
Court  for  the  district  of  North  Carolina;  died  in 
1809. 

Hillen,  Solomon,  jun.,  was  born  in  Baltimore 
County,  Maryland,  in  1813 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Georgetown  College;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Baltimore ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1834-1838;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Pitts,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 1841 ;  was  mayor 
of  Baltimore  1842-1845;  resigned  on  account  of  ill 
health,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits. 

Hillhouse,  James  (son  of  William  Hillhouse), 
was  born  at  Montville,  Connecticut,  October  21, 1754; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1773;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Haven ;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  war  in  the  defence  of  the  Con 
necticut  coast;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Second  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  serving 
from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Connecticut  (in  place 
of  Oliver  Ellsworth,  resigned),  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1796,  to  June  10,  1810,  when  he  resigned 
to  accept  the  office  of  commissioner  of  the  School 
Fund,  which  he  held  until  1825;  was  a  member  of 
the  Hartford  Convention;  was  president  of  the 
Farmington  and  Hampshire  Canal  Company;  was 
treasurer  of  Yale  College  1782-1832;  and  died  at 
New  Haven,  Connecticut,  December  29,  1832. 

Hillhouse,  William  (father  of  James  Hill- 
house),  was  born  at  Montville,  Connecticut,  in  1729; 
received  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  for  fifty 


448 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


years  a  member  of  the  Colonial  and  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  for  forty  years  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas;  was  a  delegate  from  Con 
necticut  to  the  Continental  Congress  1783-1786;  died 
at  Montville,  Connecticut,  January  12,  1816. 

Hilliard,  Henry  Washington,  was  born  in 
Cumberland  County,  North  Carolina,  August  8, 
1808;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Columbia  College,  South  Carolina,  in  1820;  studied 
law ;  removed  to  Athens,  Georgia,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  was  elected  professor  of  the  University 
of  Alabama  in  1831,  but  resigned  in  1834  to  practise 
law  at  Montgomery,  exercising  meanwhile  the  func 
tions  of  a  local  preacher  of  the  Methodist-Episcopal 
Church ;  w^l  elected  to  the  State  legislature  of  Ala 
bama  in  1836,  and  again  in  1838 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Whig  National  Convention  which  nominated 
Harrison  and  Tyler  in  1839;  was  charge  d'affaires 
to  Belgium  May  12,  1842-August  15,  1844;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  2,913  votes  against  2,753 
votes  for  John  Cochran,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig  without  opposi 
tion;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
defeating  James  L.  Pugh,  Southern-rights  candidate, 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
resuming  the  practice  of  law,  he  published  a  volume 
of  his  speeches,  and  occasionally  preached ;  he  com 
manded  a  legion  of  volunteers  in  the  Confederate 
sen-ice,  and,  soon  after  the  war,  removed  to  Georgia; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,785  votes  against 
13,797  votes  for  Henry  R.  Harris,  Democrat;  was  ap 
pointed  minister  to  Brazil  July  31,  1877. 

Hillyer,  Junius,  was  born  in  Wilkes  County, 
Georgia,  April  23,  18J7;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  State  University  at  Athens 
in  1828 ;  studied  law  while  in  college ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  one  week  after  graduating,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Athens;  was  elected  by  the  legis 
lature  solicitor-general  for  the  Western  District  in 
1834 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,937  votes  against  2,819  votes  for  Jones,  Democrat ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,439  votes  against  2,954  votes  for  Wofford, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1855;  was  solicitor  of  the  United-States  Treasury 
December  1,  1857-February  13,  1861,  when  he  re 
signed. 

Hindman,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  in  Tennessee 
in  1818;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  Mississippi;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as 
second  lieutenant  of  Mississippi  volunteers;  removed 
to  Helena,  Arkansas;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  that  State  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  18,255  votes  against  2,853  votes 
for  Crosby,  Independent,  sen-ing  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  re-elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Arkansas  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Secessionist,  defeating  Jesse  M.  Cyprett,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in 
the  Southern  Confederacy  September  28,  1861,  and 
placed  in  command  of  eight  Arkansas  regiments  in 
the  Army  of  the  West;  was  promoted  to  be  major- 
general  April  18,  1862,  and  placed  in  command  of 
the  brigades  of  Deas,  Walthall,  Manigault,  and 
Anderson,  in  Folk's  corps,  Army  of  the  Tennessee ; 
after  the  war  he  resided  for  a  time  in  Texas,  but 
returned  in  1868  to  Helena,  where  he  was  assassinated 
at  his  residence  September  28,  1868. 

Hindman,  William,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
received  a  classical  education,  from  tutors;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Second 
Congress  (in  place  of  Joshua  Seney,  resigned);  was 
re-elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  January  30,  1793,  to  March  3, 
1799;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Maryland  (in  place  of  James  Lloyd,  resigned),  serv 


ing  from  December  15,  1800,  to  March  3,  1803 ;  and 
died  January  26,  1822. 

Hinds,  James,  was  born  at  Hebron,  New  York, 
December  5,  1833;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  law,  graduating  at  the  Cincinnati  Law  Col 
lege  in  1856,  and  commencing  practice  in  Minnesota; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  private ;  settled  at 
Little  Rock,  Arkansas ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention;  was  appointed  commis 
sioner  to  codify  the  State  laws ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
sending  from  June  24, 1868,  to  October  22, 1868,  when 
he  was  assassinated  at  Monroe,  Arkansas. 

Hinds,  Thomas,  was  born  in  1775;  settled  at 
Greenville,  Mississippi;  served  in  the  war  of  1812, 
and  distinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of  New 
Orleans;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missis 
sippi  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  (in  place  of  William 
Haile,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from 
December  8,  1828,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Green 
ville,  Mississippi,  August  23,  1840. 

Hines,  Richard,  was  born  in  Edgecombe  County, 
North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  defeat 
ing  the  incumbent,  Dr.  Thomas  H.  Hall,  and  serving 
from  December  5, 1825,  until  March  3, 1827 ;  removed 
to  Raleigh;  was  for  many  years  chairman  of  the 
Whig  State  Central  Committee ;  and  died  at  Raleigh, 
North  Carolina,  in  November,  1851. 

Hiscock,  Frank,  was  born  at  Pompey,  New 
York,  September  6,  1834;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Tully,  Onondaga  County ; 
was  elected  district-attorney  of  Onondaga  County, 
serving  1860-1863;  removed  to  Syracuse;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1867;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  18,425  votes  against  13,834  votes  for  Daniel 
Pratt,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Hise,  Elijah,  was  "born  in  Kentucky  July  4, 
1802 ;  was  defeated  as  Democratic  candidate  for  lieu 
tenant-governor  in  1836;  was  charge  d'affaires  to 
Guatemala  March  31,  1848-June  21,  1849;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  and  Ereckin- 
riclge  ticket  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Henry  Grider,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,493  votes  against  2,244  votes  for  P.  B.  Hawkins, 
Republican,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1866,  to 
March  3,  1867;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  but  committed  suicide  at  Russellville,  Ken 
tucky,  May  8,  1867. 

Hitchcock,  Peter,  was  born  at  Cheshire,  Con 
necticut,  October  19,  1780;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1801 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1804,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Cheshire,  Connecticut;  removed  to  Geauga 
County,  Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1810,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1812-1816;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  successively  chosen  a 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ohio,  serving  1824- 
1852,  a  part  of  which  time  he  was  chief  justice;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1850;  and  died  at  Painesville,  Ohio,  May  11,  1853. 

Hitchcock,  Phineas  W\,  was  born  at  New 
Lebanon,  New  York,  November  30,  1831 ;  graduated 
at  Williams  College,  Massachusetts,  in  1855 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Nebraska  in  1857 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Na 
tional  Republican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1860; 
was  appointed  United-States  marshal  in  1861,  resign 
ing  in  1864  when  elected  Territorial  delegate  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress ;  on  the  admission  of  Nebraska 
as  a  State  was  appointed  surveyor-general,  which 
position  he  held  two  years ;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Nebraska  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


449 


General  John  M.  Thayer),  and  served  from  March  4, 
1871,  until  March  3,  1877. 

Hoag,  Truman  H.,  was  born  at  Manlius,  New 
York,  April  9,1810;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  a  clerk  in  a  store  at  Syracuse  1832-1839;  engaged 
in  the  steamboat  business  on  Lake  Ontario  in  1842; 
removed  to  Toledo  in  1848,  and  established  himself  in 
the  transportation  business;  AYUS  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  15,507  votes  against  14,595  votes  for 
Ashley,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to 
February  5, 1070,  when  ho  died  at  Washington  City. 

Hoagland,  Moses,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Millersburg;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,1C4  votes  against 
5,144  votes  for  Weeker,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  appointed  United- 
States  judge  for  Washington  Territory. 

Hoar,  Ebenezer  Rockwpod  (son  of  Samuel 
Hoar,  and  brother  of  George  Frisbie  Hoar),  was  born 
at  Concord,  Massachusetts,  February  21,  1816;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1835;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1840,  and  commenced  practice  at  Concord  and 
Boston;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
1849-1855;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  1859- 
18(39;  was  attorney-general  of  the  United  States 
March,  1869- July,  1870;  was  a  member  of  the  Joint 
High  Commission  which  framed  the  Treaty  of  Wash 
ington  in  1871;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  11,742  votes  against  5,989  votes 
for  John  K.  Tarbox,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  resumed  the  practice 
of  his  profession. 

Hoar,  George  Prisbie  (son  of  Samuel  Hoar, 
and  brother  of  Ebenezer  Rockwood  Hoar],  was  born 
at  Concord,  Massachusetts,  August  29,  1826;  studied 
in  early  youth  at  Concord  Academy;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1846;  studied  law,  and  graduated 
at  the  Dane  Law  School,  Harvard  University;  settled 
at  Worcester,  where  he  practised ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1852,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1857;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-first  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,307  votes  against  4,974 
votes  for  Stevens,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,487  votes  against 
4,277  votes  for  Cook,  Democrat,  1,734  votes  for  John 
son,  Labor  Reformer,  and  566  votes  for  Walker,  Pro 
hibitionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,929  votes  against  5,829  votes  for 
G.  F.  Verry,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,423 
votes  against  8,961  votes  for  Eli  Thayer,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4, 1869,  to  March  3, 1877 ;  declined 
a  renomination,  and  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Massachusetts,  serving  from  March  4, 1877. 

Hoar,  Samuel  (father  of  Ebenezer  Rockwood 
Hoar  and  George  Frisbie  Hoar),  was  born  at  Lincoln, 
Massachusetts,  May  18,  1778;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Cambridge  in  1802;  was 
two  years  a  private  tutor  in  Virginia;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1805,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Concord;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1820 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1825  and  1833;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  sent  as  a  commissioner 
from  Massachusetts  to  South  Carolina  in  1844  to  test 
in  the  courts  the  constitutionality  of  State  laws  au 
thorizing  the  imprisonment  of  colored  persons  enter 
ing  it,  but  was  expelled  from  Charleston  December  5, 
1844;  was  prominently  connected  with  several  reli 
gious,  charitable,  historical,  and  scientific  societies; 
and  died  at  Concord,  Massachusetts,  November  2, 
1856. 


Hoard,  Charles  B.,  was  born  at  Springfield, 
Vermont,  June  28,  1805;  received  a  pubiiosehoci 
education;  learned  a  trade;  removed  to  Antwerp, 
New  York,  and  was  clerk  in  a  private  land-office; 
removed  to  Watertown,  where  he  was  postmaster 
under  Presidents  Jackson  and  Van  Burcn;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
18')S;  was  county-clerk  of  Jefferson  County  1844- 
1846;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv- 
ing  11,149  votes  against  0,070  votes  for  Donvin,  Dem 
ocrat,  and  39  votes  for  Clark,  American;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
9,162  votes  against  7,177  votes  for  Lyon,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Hobart,  Aaron,  was  born  at  Abington,  Massa 
chusetts,  June  26,  1787;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Crown  University  in  1805 ;  studied 
law  with  Judge  Mitchell  of  East  Bridgewater;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Abington ;  his  health  failing,  he  visited  England  in 
1810,  and  on  his  return  in  1811  resumed  practice  at 
Hanover  Four  Corners,  where  he  remained  until  his 
removal  to  East  Bridgewater  in  1824;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1C14,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1819;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Zabdiel  Sampson,  resigned)  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
18, 1820,  to  March  3, 1827 ;  was  a  member  cf  the  State 
Executive  Council  1827-1831;  was  appointed  judge 
of  probate  in  1843,  and  held  the  office  until  it  was 
abolished  March  25,  1858 ;  died  at  East  Bridgewater, 
Massachusetts,  July  1,  1858. 

Hobart,  John  Sloss,  was  born  at  Fairfield, 
Connecticut,  in  1738;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1757;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  the 
State  of  New  York ;  was  a  deputy  to  the  Provincial 
Convention  of  1775;  was  a  delegate  to  the  First, 
Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Provincial  Congresses 
1775-1777;  was  a  puisne  justice  cf  the  Supreme  Court 
1777-1798 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
New  York  (in  place  cf  Philip  Schuylcr,  resigned), 
serving  from  February  2,  1798,  to  April,  1798,  when 
he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  judge  of  the 
United-States  District  Court  of  New  York;  died  Feb 
ruary  4,  1805. 

Hobble,  Selah  R.,  was  born  at  Newburg,  New 
York,  March  10,  1797;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Delhi ;  was  dis 
trict-attorney  of  Delaware  County  November  11, 1823- 
June  11,  1827;  was  brigade-major  and  inspector  cf 
militia ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829; 
was  second  assistant  postmaster-general  1829-1836; 
was  first  assistant  postmaster-general  1836-1851 ;  re 
signed  on  account  of  ill  health,  but  recovered,  and 
was  again  first  assistant  postmaster-general  March 
22,  1853-March  23,  1854,  when  he  died  of  pulmonary 
consumption  at  Washington  City. 

Hodges,  Asa,  was  born  January  22,  1823;  re 
moved  to  Marion,  Arkansas,  in  1859;  stvidicd  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  continued  to 
practise  law  until  1860;  was  elected  in  18CG  as  a 
delegate  from  Crittenden  County  to  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  under  the  Reconstruction  Acts  of 
Congress;  was  elected  in  1868  a  representative  in  the 
General  Assembly  of  Arkansas ;  was  elected  in  1870 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  four  years ;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  frcm  Arkansas  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from 
February  4,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Hodges,  Charles  D.,  resided  at  Carrollton, 
Illinois ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (in  place  of  Thomas  L. 
Harris,  deceased),  serving  from  January,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1859. 


450 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Hodges,  George  T.,  was  born  at  Clarendon, 
Vermont,  July  4,  1789;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  trained  to  business  pursuits,  and  was  for 
many  years  a  successful  merchant  at  Rutland ;  was 
for  several  successive  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  and  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate ;  was  for  upwards  of  twenty-five  years  presi 
dent  of  the  Bank  of  Rutland ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(in  place  of  James  Meacham,  deceased)  as  a  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1856,  to  March  3, 
1857;  was  a  leading  officer  of  the  Vermont  State 
Agricultural  Society;  and  died  at  Rutland,  Vermont, 
September  9,  1860. 

Hodges,  James  LM  was  born  in  Bristol  County, 
Massachusetts,  August  7,  1790;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
of  Massachusetts  182:3-1824 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twentieth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  on  the  sev 
enth  trial,  receiving  3,438  votes  against  3,217  votes 
for  Ruggles,  and  147  scattering  votes,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1827,  to  March  2,  1833;  died  at  Bristol, 
Massachusetts,  March  8,  1846. 

Hoffman,  Henry  W.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  8,320  votes  against 
7,569  votes  for  Hamilton,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  American  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  8,716  votes  against  8,849  votes  for  Kunkel, 
Democrat;  was  elected  sergeant-at-arms  of  the  Thir 
ty-sixth  Congress ;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Balti 
more  1801-1866. 

Hoffman,  Michael,  was  born  at  Clifton  Park, 
New  York,  in  1788 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
was  educated  as  a  physician,  but  afterwards  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, .and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Herkimer ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
5,  1825,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  canal  commissioner  of 
the  State  of  New  York  April  4,  1833-May  9,  1835 ; 
was  appointed  register  of  the  land-office  at  Saginaw; 
Illinois,  in  1836;  returned  to  Herkimer,  New  York, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1841,  1842,  and  1844;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  1846  ;  was  naval 
officer  of  the  New- York  customs  district;  and  died 
at  Brooklyn  September  27,  1848. 

Hoffman,  Ogden,  was  born  in  the  city  of  New 
York  May  3,  1793;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1812;  he  soon 
after  entered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman,  but  in  three 
years  he  resigned ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Orange  County;  was 
district-attorney  of  Orange  County  May  9,  1823-Jan- 
uary  6,  1826;  removed  to  New-York  City;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1828; 
was  district-attorney  of  the  city  and  county  of  New 
York  1829-1835;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  20,577  votes  against  19,287  votes  for  John 
McKeon,  Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837, 
to  March  3,  1841;  was  United-States  district-attorney 
at  New  York  1841-1845 ;  was  attorney-general  of  the 
State  of  New  York  November  8,  1853-November  7, 
1855;  and  died  suddenly  at  New- York  City  May  1, 
1856. 

Hogan,  John,  was  born  at  Mallow,  Cork  County, 
Ireland,  January  2,  1805;  immigrated  with  his  father 
to  the  United  States  in  1817,  and  located  at  Balti 
more;  was  apprenticed  to  the  shoemaker's  trade;  re 
ceived  a  Sunday-school  education ;  went  West  in  1826 ; 
opened  a  store  in  Madison  County,  Illinois,  in  1831; 
wn«  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1B36;  was 


register  of  the  land-office  at  Dixon,  Illinois,  1841-1845; 
removed  to  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  where  he  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  and  banking;  was  postmaster  at 
St.  Louis  1857-1861;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  'a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,026  votes  against  4,781  votes 
for  Johnson,  Radical,  and  3,157  votes  for  Knox,  Rad 
ical,  serving  from  December  4, 1865,  to  March  3, 1867. 
He  lias  published  a  work  on  "  The  Resources  of  Mis 
souri,"  and  another  on  "  The  Commerce  and  Manu 
factures  of  St.  Louis." 

Hogan,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  New  York  1792; 
was  taken  by  his  father  to  Cape  Colony  when  a  lad, 
and  there  learned  Dutch;  returned  to  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Columbia 
College ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to.  the  bar, 
but  did  not  practise;  became  largely  interested  in 
wild  lands  in  Franklin  County ;  founded  the  town  of 
Hogansburg ;  was  county  judge  of  Franklin  County ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833; 
was  examiner  of  claims,  and  afterwards  translator  in 
the  Department  of  State  at  Washington  1850-1860. 

Hoge,  John  (brother  of  William  Hoge),  was  born 
near  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  September  10,  1760 ;  re 
ceived  an  English  education  from  a  private  tutor; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  ensign  of  the 
Ninth  Pennsylvania  Regiment;  removed  with  his 
brother  William  to  the  wilds  of  Western  Pennsylvania 
in  1782,  and  founded  the  town  of  Washington ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed  the  State 
Constitution  in  1789 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  1790-1795;  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  American 
Philosophical  Society  in  1799;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighth  Congress 
(in  place  of  William  Hoge,  resigned),  serving  from 
November  27,  1804,  to  March  3,  1805;  died  near 
Washington,  Pennsylvania,  August  4,  1824. 

Hoge,  Joseph  P.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  removed  to  Galena,  Illinois ; 
held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,796  votes  against  7,222  votes 
for  Walker,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  defeating  M.  P.  Sweet,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Hoge,  Solomon  La  Fayette,  was  born  in 
Logan  County,  Ohio;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  law;  graduated  at  the  Cincinnati  Law  Col 
lege  in  1859,  and  practised  at  Belief ontaine;  entered 
the  Union  army  in  1861  as  first  lieutenant  in  the 
Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry;  was  promoted  captain; 
was  severely  wounded  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull 
Run;  was  twice  brevetted  for  gallant  conduct  in 
battle,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  received  a  commis 
sion  in  the  regular  army;  he  materially  aided  in  the 
reconstruction  of  South  Carolina,  and  was  elected 
associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  and  was  given  the 
seat  which  was  contested  by  Mr.  Reed ;  was  comp 
troller-general  of  South  Carolina  1874-1875;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  16,431  votes  against  12,873  votes 
for  S.  McGowan,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Hoge,  William,  was  born  near  Carlisle,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  with  his  brother  John  to  the  wilds  of  Western 
Pennsylvania  in  1782,  and  founded  the  town  of 
Washington;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1801,  to  1804,  when  he  resigned;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  October 
26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809;  died  near  Washington, 
Pennsylvania. 

Hogeboom,  James  L.,  resided  at  Castleton, 
Rensselaer  County,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


451 


State  House  of  Representatives  1804,  1805,  and  1808; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1823, 
to  "March  3.  1825.  **. 

Hogg,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March 

3,  181U. 

Holbropk,  E.  D.,  was  born  at  Elyria,  Ohio,  in 
1830;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Idaho  City  in  Idaho  Territory;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Idaho  Territory  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forti 
eth  Congress,  receiving  3,641  votes  against  2,923  votes 
for  Kirkpatrick,  Republican,  serving  from  December 

4,  1805,  to  March  3,  18G9;   was  assassinated  at  Idaho 
City  June  18,  1870. 

Holcomb,  George,  was  born  at  Lambertsville, 
New  Jersey,  in  1780:  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1805;  studied 
medicine,  and  practised  at  Allentown,  New  Jersey; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  January 
14,  1828,  when  he  died  at  Allentown,  New  Jersey. 

Holladay,  Alexander  B.,  was  bom  in  Vir 
ginia;  received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at 
Mansfield;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  2,103  votes  against  2,078  votes  for  Forbes, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Holland,  Cornelius,  was  born  July  9,  1783; 
studied  medicine,  and  commenced  practice  at  Can 
ton,  Maine;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional 
Convention  which  formed  the  State  of  Maine  in 
1819;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1820  and  1821;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1822,  1825,  and  1826;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  James  W.  Ripley,  resigned),  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1830,  to  March  2,  1833 ;  died  at 
Canton,  Maine,  June  2,  1870. 

Holland,  James,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March 
3,  1797;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Holleman,  Joel,  was  born  in  Isle  of  Wight 
County,  Virginia,  October  1,  1799;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Chapel  Hill,  North 
Carolina;  taught  school  for  some  years ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Burwell  Bay;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  receiving  140  majority  over  Francis  Mai- 
lory,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
1840,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  and  was  serving  as 
speaker  when  he  died,  August  5,  1844. 

Holley,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  Con 
necticut,  November  1802;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1822 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Lyons,  New  York;  held  several  local  offices; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1838-1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1847,  to  March  8,  1848,  when  he  died  at  Jack 
sonville,  Florida,  where  he  had  gone  for  his  health. 

Hollo  way,  David  P.,  was  born  at  Waynes- 
ville,  Ohio,  December  6,  1809;  was  taken  by  his 
parents  to  Cincinnati  in  1813;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing  at 


Richmond,  Indiana;  worked  for  four  years  in  the 
office  of  "The  Cincinnati  Gazette;"  established 
"The  Richmond  Palladium"  in  1832,  and  edited  it 
formany  years;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1843.  and  of  the  State  Senate 
1844-1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  9,419  votes  against  5,242  votes  for  Bucklins, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1857;  was  commissioner  of  patents  March  28, 
1861-August  17,  1805. 

Holman,  William  S.,  was  born  at  a  pioneer 
homestead  called  Veraestau,  in  Dearborn  County, 
Indiana,  September  6,  1822;  received  a  common- 
school  education,  and  studied  at  Franklin  College, 
Indiana,  for  two  years;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Aurora ;  was 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Probate  from  1843  to  1846; 
was  prosecuting-attorney  from  1847  to  1849;  was  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Indiana 
in  1850;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Indiana 
in  1851 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
from  1852  to  1856;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  9,425  votes  against  7,856  votes  for  Hackle- 
man,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  10,299  votes  against 
10,007  votes  for  Yatar,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,926  votes 
against  7,992  votes  for  Gavin,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 1865 ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  11,921  votes  against 
11,052  votes  for  Grover,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  15,665  votes  against 
14,903  votes  for  Lamb,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  15,396  votes 
against  12,272  votes  for  Pritchard,  Republican ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
16,367  votes  against  15,039  votes  for  Herod,  Repub 
lican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,302  votes  against 
10,835  votes  for  Claypool,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Holmes,  David,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  good  English  education ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh, 
Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1809 ;  was  governor  of  the 
Territory  of  Mississippi  by  appointment  1809-1817; 
was  governor  of  the  Stale  of  Mississippi  1817-1819; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mississippi 
(in  place  of  Walter  Leake,  resigned),  serving  from 
November  13,  1820,  to  1825,  when  he  resigned ;  and 
died  at  Washington,  Mississippi,  August  20,  1832. 

Holmes,  Elias  Bellows,  was  born  at  Fletcher, 
Vermont,  May  27,  1807;  received  a  public-school 
education;  taught  school;  studied  law  at  Pittstield, 
New  York;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Brockport,  New  York,  in 
1831;  became  very  wealthy  by  successful  investments 
in  real  estate;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,807  votes  against  5,722  votes  for  Selden, 
Democrat,  and  395  votes  for  Sperry,  American ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Holmes,  Gabriel,  was  born  in  Duplin  (now 
Sampson)  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1764:  received 
a  classical  education  from  Rev.  Dr.  McCorkle  of 
Iredell  County,  and  was  a  student  at  Harvard 
College ;  studied  law  with  Judge  Taylor  at  Raleigh ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Clinton, 
North  Carolina;  was  a  State  senator  in  1807;  was 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1821-1824;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1825,  until  March  3,  1829; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  defeat 
ing  General  Dudley,  but  died  near  Clinton,  North 
Carolina,  September  26,  1829. 


452 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Holmes,  Isaac  Edward,  was  born  at  Charles 
ton.  South  Carolina,  April  6,  1796;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1815; 
studied  law  at  Charleston ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1818,  and  commenced  practice  there;  was  one 
of  the-  founders  of  the  South-Carolina  association 
organized  to  resist  the  attacks  upon  slavery;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1826  and  1832 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
1,504  votes  against  854  votes  for  Hugh  H.  Legare, 
Union;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh, 
Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Con 
gresses;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  000  majority  over  Barker,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1889,  to  March  8,  1851 ;  removed 
to  California,  where  he  practised  1851-1857;  returned 
to  South  Carolina;  was  a  State  commissioner  to 
confer  with  the  Federal  Government  after  the  cessa 
tion  of  hostilities;  and  died  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  February  25,  1867. 

Holmes,  John,  was  born  at  Kingston,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  March,  1778;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1796; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Alfred,  Massachusetts  (now 
Maine);  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House 
of  Representatives  in  1802  and  1803,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  1813-1817 ;  was  a  member  of  the  North 
eastern  Boundary  Commission  under  the  treaty  of 
1815;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  1820,  when  "he  resigned;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed  the  State 
Constitution  of  Maine,  and  chairman  of  the  commit 
tee  which  draughted  it;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Maine,  serving  from  November  13, 1820, 
to  March  3, 1827 ;  was  appointed  by  the  legislature  of 
Maine  a  commissioner  to  digest  and  report  a  syste.m 
of  government  for  the  State  prison,  and  to  revise  the 
criminal  code  of  the  State ;  was  again  elected  United- 
States  senator  (in  place  of  Albion  K.  Parris,  re 
signed),  serving  from  January  26,  1829,  to  March  2, 
1833 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1835-1838;  was  United-States  'district- 
attorney  for  the  district  of  Maine  from  1841  until 
his  death  at  Portland,  Maine,  July  7,  1843.  He 
published  "  The  Statesman;  or,  Principles  of  Legis 
lation  and  Law." 

Holmes,  Sidney  T.,  was  born  at  Schaghticoke, 
New  York,  August  7,  1815 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1841,  and  commenced  practice  at  Morrisville;  was 
loan  commissioner  for  Madison  County  1848-1851; 
was  surrogate  for  Madison  County  1851-1864;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,638  votes  against  9,781  votes  for  Albertus  Perry, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March 
3,  1867. 

Holmes,  Uriel,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  iu  1784;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  1818,  when  he  resigned;  died 
in  1827. 

_Holsey,  Hopkins,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1799;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law  at  Judge  Gould's  Litchfield  Law  School,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Hamilton,  Georgia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat,  receiving 
;;'i.4'i8  votes  against  27,476  votes  for  Beall,  State- 
rights  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3, 
1S39;  removed  to  Athens,  Georgia,  where  he  edited 
"The  Southern  Banner;"  and  died  at  Columbus, 
Georgia,  March  31,  1859. 


Holt,  Hines,  was  born  in  Georgia ;  was  by  pro 
fession  a  lawyer;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Walter  T.  Colquitt,  resigned),  serving  from  February 
1,  1841,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Hplt,  Orrin,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  resided 
at  Millington;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  6,  1836,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Holten,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Danvers,  Massa 
chusetts,  June  9, 1738;  was  educated  for  the  medical 
profession ;  was  a  member  of  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1778-1787,  serving  one  term  as  president;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to 
March  3,  1795;  was  judge  of  probate  for  Essex  Coun 
ty  for  a  number  of  years ;  and  died  January  2,  1816. 

Hook,  Enos,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  resided 
at  Waynesburg ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1841 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  but  was  attacked  with  bleeding  of  the  lungs  at 
Washington  in  the  spring  of  1841,  and  resigned  April 
18,  1841. 

Hooker,  Charles  E.,  was  born  in  Union  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina;  studied  law;  graduated  at  the 
Harvard  University  Law  School,  Cambridge,  Massa 
chusetts,  and  practised  at  Jackson,  Mississippi ;  was 
elected  district-attorney  of  the  River  District  in  1850; 
was  elected  to  the  Mississippi  legislature  in  1859,  and 
resigned  his  seat  to  enter  the  Confederate  army;  was 
wounded  during  the  siege  of  Vicksburg;  was  promot 
ed  to  the  rank  of  colonel  of  cavalry,  and  assigned  to 
duty  on  the  military  court  attached  to  General  Folk's 
command ;  was  elected  attorney-general  of  the  State 
of  Mississippi  in  1865,  and  re-elected  in  1868,  and,  in 
common  with  the  other  civil  officers  of  the  State,  was 
removed  by  the  military  authorities ;  was  elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a 
majority  of  5,877  votes  over  James  Hill,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  19,858  votes  against  8,646  votes  for  Shaugh- 
nessy,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Hooks,  Charles,  was  born  in  Bertie  County} 
North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (in  place 
of  William  R.  King,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1816,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  0,  1819,  to  March 
3,  1825;  removed  to  Alabama,  where  he  died  in  1851. 

Hooper,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Marblehead, 
Massachusetts,  February  8,  1808;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  was  interested  in  mercantile  pur 
suits,  especially  the  China  trade ;  was  a  member  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  of  Massachusetts  in 
1851,  1852,  and  1853,  declining  a  re-election;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1857,  declining  a  re- 
nomination  on  account  of  business  engagements; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  William 
Appleton,  resigned)  as  a  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,828  votes 
against  5,351  votes  for  Abbott,  People's  candidate; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
10,403  votes  against  5,485  votes  for  Abbott,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,902  votes  against  3,183  votes  for  Wightman, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  11,328  votes  against  8,592  votes  for  Harvey, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,025  votes  against  5,605  votes  for 
Morse,  Democrat,  and  688  votes  for  Sargent,  Labor 
Reform ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,715  votes  against  0,262  votes  for 
Morse,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1861,  to 
February  14, 1875,  whe.n  he  died,  after  a  brief  illness, 
at  Washington  City. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


453 


Hooper,  "William,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  June  17,  1742;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  176J;  studied 
law  with  James  Otis ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Wilmington,  North  Carolina, 
in  1707;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1773 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1777 ;  was  obliged  to  resign  on  account 
of  his  embarrassed  pecuniary  condition;  and  died  at 
Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  in  1790. 

Hooper,  William.  H.,  was  born  in  Dorchester 
County,  Maryland,  December  13,  1813;  received  a 
common-school  education ;  was  early  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits,  but  subsequently  was  commander  of 
a  steamer  on  the  Western  rivers ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Utah  under  the  State  organiza 
tion  of  Deseret  adopted  by  the  people  of  Utah  in 
1862 ;  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1861 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses,  serving  from  December  4,  1865, 
to  March  3,  1873 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at 
Salt-Lake  City. 

Hopkins,  Benjamin  Franklin,  was  born  at 
Hebron,  New  York,  April  22,  1829 ;  was  reared  on  a 
farm;  received  an  academic  education;  became  a 
telegraph  operator ;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  October, 
1849,  and  settled  at  Madison;  was  secretary  of  an 
insurance  company,  and  manager  of  gas-works;  was 
private  secretary  to  Governor  Bashf ourd  in  1856-1857 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1861,  and  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1865 ;  was  nomi 
nated  as  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  For 
tieth  Congress  after  136  ballots,  and  elected  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  14,129  votes  against  8,833  votes 
for  Pease,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  18,333  votes  against  12,659  votes 
for  Winans,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867, 
until  he  died  at  Madison  January  1,  1870. 

Hopkins,  George  \V\,  was  born  in  Goochland 
County,  Virginia,  February  22,  1804;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lebanon,  Virginia ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1833-1834;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
defeating  James  H.  Gholson;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  1,475  majority  over 
John  N.  Humes,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  2,821  votes  against  2,308 
votes  f 01  George,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  about  1,000  majority  over 
Fulton,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 1835,  to  March  3, 
1847 ;  was  charge  d'affaires  to  Portugal  March3, 1847- 
October  18,  1849 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1849;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  5,318  votes  against  5,249  votes  for 
Martin,  American,  serving  from  December  7,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1859;  was  again  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  and  died  March  2, 
1861. 

Hopkins,  James  H.,  was  born  November  3, 1832, 
in  Washington  County,  Pennsylvania;  graduated  at 
Washington  College  in  1850;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852  before  he  was  of  age; 
practised  in  Pittsburg  for  twenty  years,  then  retired, 
and  travelled  for  some  time  in  Europe;  engaged  in 
the  banking  business ;  was  elected  Grand  Master  of 
Knights  Templar  in  the  United  States  in  1874  by  an 
almost  unanimous  vote;  never  held  any  political 
oflice  or  was  a  candidate  for  one  until  he  was  defeat 
ed  as  representative  from  the  State  at  large  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat  (the  first  since  Judge  Wilkins),  re 
ceiving  10,091  votes  against  7,777  votes  for  James  S. 


Negley,  Republican,  and  213  votes  for  Thomas  How 
ard,  Independent  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  12,913  votes  against  14,561  votes  for  Russell 
Errett,  Republican. 

Hopkins,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia;  served  with  distinction  in  the 
Revolutionary  war;  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1797; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture;  commanded  an  expedition  of  2,000  volunteers 
in  a  campaign  against  the  Kickapoo  Indians  in  1812; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
June  26,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  died  in  October, 
1819. 

Hopkins,  Samuel  M.,  was  born  in  New  York 
in  1762 ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1791;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Genesee  County ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24.  1813,  to 
March  2,  1815 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1820  and  1821 ;  and  died  at  Geneva, 
New  York,  October  8,  1837. 

Hopkins,  Stephen,  was  born  at  Scituate,  Rhode 
Island,  March  7,  1707;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Provi 
dence  in  1731 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  and  in 
land-surveying;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  As 
sembly  and  its  speaker  1732-1741;  was  chief  justice 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1739,  and  of  the 
Superior  Court  1751-1754;  •  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Colonial  Congress  which  met  at  Albany  in  1754;  \vas 
Colonial  governor  of  Rhode  Island  1755,  1756.  1758- 
1761,  1763,  1764,  1767;  was  a  delegate  from  Rhode 
Island  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1778;  was 
many  years  chancellor  of  Brown  University ;  and  died 
at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  July  19, 1785.  He  pub 
lished  by  order  of  the  Rhode-Island  Assembly,  in 
1765,  "Rights  of  the  Colonies  Examined,"  and  an 
"Account  of  Providence," in  the  Massachusetts  His 
torical  Collection. 

Hopkinson,  Francis  (father  of  Joseph  Hop- 
kinson),  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1738;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1765,  and  commenced  practice; 
visited  England  1766-1768;  was  appointed  royal  tax- 
receiver  in  New  Jersey,  but  was  removed  when  he 
espoused  the  popular  cause ;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1777;  was 
judge  of  admiralty  for  Pennsylvania  1779-1789;  was 
judge  of  the  United-States  District  Court  for  the 
Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania  1790-1791 ;  died  of 
apoplexy  at  Philadelphia  May  9,  1791.  He  wrote  a 
number  of  popular  songs,  the  music  for  which  he 
composed ;  and  his  "Essays  and  Occasional  Writings" 
was  published  in  three  volumes  in  1791. 

Hopkinson,  Joseph  (son  of  Francis  Hopkin 
son),  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  No 
vember  12,  1770 ;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1786; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1791,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Easton,  but  soon  removed  to 
Philadelphia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819;  resided  three 
years  at  Bordentown,  New  Jersey;  resumed  practice 
at  Philadelphia;  was  judge  of  the  United-States 
District  Court  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Pennsylva 
nia  1828-1842 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1837;  died  at  Philadelphia 
January  15,  1842.  He  published  a  number  of  scien 
tific  and  literary  addresses,  and  was  the  author  of 
"Hail  Columbia." 

Horn,  Henry,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 


454 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  receiving 
572  majority  over  Daniel  W.  Coxe,  serving  from  De 
cember  5, 1831,  to  March  2, 1833 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
by  Horace  Binney,  Whig. 

Hornbeck,  John  W".,  was  born  in  New  Jer 
sey;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Union  College,  New  York ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Allentown, 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  to  January  10,  1848,  when  he  died 
at  Allentown,  Pennsylvania. 

Hornblower,  Josiah,  was  born  in  Staffordshire 
in  1729;  received  a  mathematical  and  mechanical 
education;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1751  to  build 
a  steam-engine  at  the  copper-mines  near  Belleville, 
New  Jersey;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the 
Colonial  House  of  Eepresentativcs;  took  an  active 

Eart  in  Revolutionary  movements;  was  a  delegate 
rom  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1785-1780;  was  judge  of  the  Essex-county  Court 
1798-1809;  and  died  January  21,  1809. 

Horsey,  Outerbridge,  was  born  in  Delaware 
in  1777;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law  with  James  A.  Bayard ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Wilmington,  Delaware ; 
was  for  many  years  attorney-general  of  Delaware; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Delaware  in 
place  of  Samuel  White,  deceased,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  29,  1810,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  died  at  Needwood, 
Maryland,  June  9,  1842. 

Horton,  Thomas  R.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  resided  at  Fultonville;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  9,431  votes  against 
8,945  votes  for  Jackson,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Horton,  Valentine  B.,  was  born  at  Windsor, 
Vermont,  January  29,  1802;  was  educated  at  Par 
tridge's  Military  College,  and,  when  that  institution 
was  removed  from  Vermont  to  Connecticut,  he  ac 
companied  it  as  a  teacher;  studied  law  at  Middle- 
town,  Connecticut;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830; 
commenced  practice  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania, 
and  removed  in  1883  to  Cincinnati ;  in  1835  he  again 
removed  to  Pomfret,  Ohio,  where  he  engaged  in 
mining  and  manufacturing;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,818  votes 
against  6,907  votes  for  Smith,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
10.272  votes  against  9,927  votes  for  Medill,  Democrat, 
serving  from  "December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859; 
declined  a  renomination  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Peace  Congress  held  at 
Washington  in  1861 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  11,965  votes  against 
11,275  votes  for  Martin,  Democrat,  serving  from  July 
4,  18Gl,'to  March  3,  1863. 

Hosford,  Jedediah,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
moved  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Moscow;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,727  votes 
against  5,609  votes  for  Wadsworth,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Hoskins,  George  G.,  was  born  at  Bennington, 
New  York,  December  24,  1824;  received  an  academic 
education ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  ;  was 
elected  town  clerk  of  Bennington  in  1849,  and  held 
the  office  some  years;  was  elected  justice  of  the 
peace  in  1851,  and  held  the  office  for  sixteen  succes 
sive  years;  was  supervisor  in  1862;  was  appointed 
postmaster  at  Bennington,  New  York,  by  President 
Taylor,  and  held  the  office  during  the  administration 
of  President  Fillmore;  was  again  appointed  post 
master  at  Bennington  by  President  Lincoln,  and  held 
the  office  during  his  administration  and  until  re 
moved  by  President  Johnson ;  was  a  member  of  the 


Assembly  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  1860,  1865, 
and  1866,  and  was  speaker  in  1865 ;  in  1868  was  ap 
pointed  by  Governor  Fenton  State  commissioner  of 
public  accounts,  and  held  the  office  three  years;  in 
January,  1870,  became  a  director  of  the  Wyoming- 
county  National  Bank;  in  April,  1871,  was  appointed 
by  President  Grant  collector  of  internal  revenue  for 
the  Twenty-ninth  District  of  New  York,  and  entered 
upon  the  duties  of  the  office  May  1,  1871,  resigning 
March  4,  1873,  having  been  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  13,233  votes  against  9.509  votes 
for  M.  M.  Southworth,  Liberal ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  11,323  votes  against  9,397  votes  for  John  H. 
Buck,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1877 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
11,847  votes  against  12,251  votes  for  Charles  B.  Bene 
dict,  Democrat,  and  2,327  votes  for  Flugler,  Repub 
lican. 

Hosmer,  Hezekiah  L.,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799. 

Hosmer,  Titus,  was  born  at  Middletown,  Con 
necticut,  in  1736  ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1757;  studied  law;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Executive  Council ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1773-1778, 
serving  as  speaker  in  1777 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Con 
necticut  to  the  Continental  Congress  1777-1779;  was 
appointed,  in  January,  1780,  judge  of  the  Maritime 
Court  of  Appeals  for  the  United  States ;  died  at  Mid 
dletown,  Connecticut,  August  4,  1780. 

Hostetter,  Jacob,  was  born  at  York,  Pennsyl 
vania  ;  received  a  public-school  education  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Jacob  Spangler,  re 
signed),  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  November  16,  1818,  to  March 
3,  1P21. 

Hotchkiss,  Giles  ^7.,  was  born  at  Windsor, 
Broome  County,  New  York,  October  25, 1815;  studied 
and  practised  law ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,889  votes  against  9,781  votes  for 
Day,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  15,543  votes  against  10,806  votes 
for  John  Magee,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867;  and  was  again  elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,398  votes  against  12,280  votes  for  Devereux,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Hotchkiss,  Julius,  was  born  in  Waterbury, 
Connecticut,  July  11,  1810 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  engaged  in  manufacturing  pur 
suits  ;  was  mayor  of  Waterbury  in  1852 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  legislature  of  Connecticut  in  1851  and 
1858 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
14,730  votes  against  12,937  votes  for  Northrup,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1869. 

Houck,  Jacob,  jun.,  was  born  at  Schoharie, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,210 
votes  against  10,143  votes  for  Jedediah  Miller,  Whig, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Hough,  David,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Eighth 
Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Hough,  William  J.,  was  born  at  Cazenovia, 
New  York;  received  an  academical  education;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1835  and  1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,126  votes  against  7,426  votes  for 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


455 


Ledyard,  Whig,  and  2,268  votes  for  Brown,  Ameri 
can,  serving  from  December  1, 1845,  to  March  3, 1847. 

Houghton,  Sherman  O.,  was  born  in  the  city 
of  New  York  April  10,  1828 ;  was  educated  at  a  com 
mercial  institute  in  New  York ;  entered  the  army  as 
a  private  in  a  volunteer  regiment  in  1846,  and  was 
sent  to  California,  and  afterward  to  Mexico,  where 
he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war  between  the 
United  States  and  that  country,  having  been  pro 
moted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  mayor  of  San 
Francisco  in  1855-1856 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  California  in  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  18,504  votes  against  17,303  votes  for  G.  Pearce, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-eleeted  to  the  Forth-third 
Congress  as  a  Kepublican,  receiving  10,391  votes 
against  9,012  votes  for  E.  J.  C.  Kewen,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

House,  John  P.,  was  born  in  Williamson 
County,  Tennessee,  January  9,  1827;  received  his 
early  education  at  a  grammar-school;  afterward 
entered  Transylvania  University,  Lexington,  Ken 
tucky,  but  left  at  the  end  of  the  junior  year;  studied 
law,  and  graduated  at  the  Lebanon  Law  School, 
Tennessee,  in  1850,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Clarkesville ;  was  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  legis 
lature  in  1853-1854 ;  was  presidential  elector  on  the 
Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860;  was  a  member  of 
the  Provisional  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States 
from  Tennessee;  at  the  expiration  of  his  term  of 
service  in  said  body,  he  entered  the  Confederate 
army,  and  continued  therein  imtil  the  close  of  the 
war,  and  was  paroled  at  Columbus,  Mississippi,  in 
June,  1865;  was  a  delegate  from  Tennessee  to  the 
National  Convention  of  the  Democratic  party  that 
nominated  Seymour  and  Blair  in  1868 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Ten 
nessee  in  1870;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  11,992  votes  against  7,227  votes  for 
Horace  H.  Harrison,  Eepublican;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,719  votes 
against  8,987  votes  for  W.  F.  Prosser,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Houston,  George  Smith,  was  born  in  Wil 
liamson  County,  Tennessee,  January  17,  1811;  re 
moved  when  a  lad  to  Alabama,  where  he  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Lime 
stone  County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
of  Alabama;  was  elected  district-solicitor  in  1837; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat  on  a  general 
ticket ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  2,000  majority  over  Armstrong,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  4,746  votes 
against  2,923  votes  for  David  Hubbard,  State-rights 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1849;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first 
Congress;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat,  receiving  4,720  votes 
against  4,268  votes  for  C.  C.  Howard,  State-rights 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
without  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  without  opposition;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  without  opposition,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  without 
opposition,  serving  from  December  6,  1845,  until 
January  21, 1861,  when  he  resigned,  Alabama  having 
seceded ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  in  1865, 
but  was  not  permitted  to  take  his  seat ;  was  an  un 
successful  candidate  for  the  United-States  Senate  in 
1867 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Conven 
tion  at  Philadelphia  in  1866,  and  was  governor  of 
Alabama  1874-1876. 

Houston,  John,  was  one  of  the  four  citizens 
who  originated  revolutionary  movements  in  Georgia 
in  1774;  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  1775-1777;  was  a  member  of  the 


State  Council  in  1777;  was  governor  of  Georgia  1778- 
1784;  was  appointed  commissioner  for  establishing 
the  boundary-line  between  Georgia  and  South  Caro^ 
lina  1787;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  1792 ;  and  died  at  Savannah,  Georgia,  July  20, 
1796. 

Houston,  John  Wallace,  was  born  at  Con 
cord,  Delaware;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1834 ;  studied  law  with 
John  M.  Clayton ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Georgetown,  Delaware, 
in  1839 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Delaware 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
6,221  votes  against  6,043  votes  for  Biddle,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving 
6,154  votes  against  6,007  votes  for  Dillwent,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  6,369  votes  against  6,026  votes  for  Whiteley, 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Peace  Congress 
at  Washington  in  1861. 

Houston,  Samuel,  was  born  near  Lexington, 
Virginia,  March  2,  1793;  after  his  fathers  death  in 
1807  his  mother  removed  to  Blount  County,  Tennes 
see,  where  he  was  adopted  into  the  Cherokee  tribe; 
he  served  with  distinction  under  General  Jackson  in 
the  Creek  war  1813-1814,  receiving  a  severe  wound  at 
the  battle  of  Tallapoosa ;  commenced  the  study  of 
law  at  Nashville,  March  1,  1818,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar ;  held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1823, 
to  March  3,  1827;  was  governor  of  Tennessee  1827- 
1829,  resigning  before  the  expiration  of  his  term 
on  account  of  family  trouble,  and  going  to  the 
Cherokee  reservation  in  Arkansas,  where  he  re 
sided  for  several  years,  going  to  Texas  with  a 
party  of  emigrants  in  April,  1833;  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention,  and  in  October, 
1835,  was  made  commander-in-chief  of  the  Texan 
army,  terminating  the  war  for  independence  by  the 
victory  at  San  Jacinto  April  2,  1836,  where  he  was 
severely  wounded ;  was  elected  the  first  president  of 
the  republic  of  Texas,  serving  1836-1838;  being 
constitutionally  ineligible  for  re-election,  he  became 
a  member  of  the  Texan  Congress  1838-1840,  and  was 
again  elected  president,  serving  1841-1844;  was  one 
of  the  first  United-States  senators  from  Texas,  serv 
ing  from  March  30,  1846,  to  March  3,  1859;  was 
governor  of  Texas  1859-1861,  and  was  deposed  by  a 
vote  of  the  convention  which  had  passed  the  ordi 
nance  of  secession  February  16, 1861,  the  legislature 
confirming  the  action  of  the  convention  February 
20,  1861 ;  died  at  Huntersville,  Texas,  July  25,  1863. 

Houston,  W^illiam,  was  a  delegate  from  Geor 
gia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1787;  was  a 
delegate  from  Georgia  to  the  convention  which 
framed  the  Federal  Constitution,  but  refused  to  sign 
that  document. 

Houston,  William  Churchill,  was  born  in 
New  Jersey;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Princeton  College  in  1768;  was  professor  of 
mathematics  in  that  institution ;  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1782 
and  1784-1785. 

Howard,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Tenth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving 
from  October  26,  1807,  to  April  10,  1810,  when  he 
resigned;  was  governor  of  Upper  Louisiana  1810- 
1812;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in  the  United- 
States  army  March  12,  1813,  and  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  Eighth  Military  Department,  em 
bracing  the  territory  west  of  the  Mississippi  River; 
died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  September  18,  1814. 

Howard,  Benjamin  C.,  was  born  at  "  Belvi- 
dere,"  Baltimore,  Maryland,  November  5,  1791; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1809;  studied  law; 


456 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Baltimore;  commanded  the  "Mechanical  Volun 
teers  "  at  the  battle  of  North  Point  September  12, 
1814;  connected  himself  with  the  Masonic  fraternity 
in  1823,  and  was,  before  he  died,  the  oldest  past 
grand  master  of  that  order  in  Maryland;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1824;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,306  votes  against  4,745  votes  for  Little,  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1833;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
7,181  votes  against  6,952  votes  for  Kennedy,  Whig, 
serving  from  "December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839; 
was  reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States  1843-1862;  declined  the  appoint 
ment  of  United-States  senator  in  1848;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Peace  Congress  in  1861 ;  and  died  at 
Baltimore  March  6,  1872. 

Howard,  Jacob  M.,  was  born  at  Shaftsbury, 
Vermont,  July  10,  1805;  graduated  at  Williams  Col 
lege,  Massachusetts ;  studied  law  in  Massachusetts, 
and  commenced  its  practice  in  Michigan;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Michigan  in  1838; 
published  a  translation  from  the  French  of  the  secret 
memoirs  of  the  Empress  Josephine  in  1847;  drew  up 
the  platform  of  the  first  convention  ever  held  of  the 
Republican  party  in  1854,  and  christened  that  party ; 
was  elected  attorney-general  of  Michigan  in  1854, 
1856,  and  1858,  serving  in  all  six  years;  was  a  repre 
sentative  from  Michigan  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1843;  was  elected  United-States  senator  as 
a  Republican  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  de 
cease  of  K.  S.  Bingham) ;  and  was  re-elected  in  1865, 
serving  from  January  17,  1862,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Howard,  John  Eager,  was  born  in  Baltimore 
County,  Maryland,  June  4,  1752;  received  a  classical 
education ;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  cap 
tain  in  Hall's  regiment,  and  was  promoted  after  his 
gallantry  in  numerous  battles,  having  attained  the 
rank  of  colonel  when  peace  was  declared ;  was  a 
delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1787-1788;  was  governor  of  Maryland  1789-1792; 
declined  the  position  of  secretary  of  war  tendered 
him  by  President  Washington  in  1795 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1795;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Maryland  (in  place  of  Richard 
Potts,  resigned),  serving  from  December  27,  1796,  to 
March  3,  1803;  was  selected  by  Washington  as  a 
brigadier-general,  when,  in  anticipation  of  a  war 
with  France,  he  organized  an  army  in  1798;  and  died 
at  Baltimore.  Maryland,  October  12,  1827. 

Howard,  Tilghman  A.,  was  born  near  Pick- 
insville,  South  Carolina,  November  14, 1797;  received 
a  public-school  education;  taught  school;  studied 
law  in  Tennessee  with  Hugh  Lawson  White ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Tennessee;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1824;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Jackson  and  Calhpun  ticket  in  1825;  removed 
in  1830  to  Rockville,  Indiana,  where  he  continued  to 
practise ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  1,237  majority  over  Evans,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  August  1,  1840,  when  he  re 
signed  to  run  as  Democratic  candidate  for  governor 
against  Samuel  Bigger,  but  was  defeated ;  was  ap 
pointed  charge  d'affaires  to  the  republic  of  Texas 
June  11,  1844;  and  died  at  Washington,  Texas, 
August  16,  1844. 

Howard,  Volney  E.,  was  born  at  Norridge- 
wock,  Maine;  received  an  English  education;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi ;  fought  a  duel  with 
Sergeant  S.  Prentiss,  and  another  with  Alexander  G. 
McNutt;  removed  to  San  Antonio,  Texas;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Thirty- 


first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,120  votes 
against  2,976  votes  for  Williamson,  2,135  votes  for 
Timothy  Pillsbury,  Calhoun  Democrat,  and  721  votes 
for  Hugh  McLeod,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Howard,  William,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Ohio, 
and  located  at  Batavia;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,792  votes  against  6,922  votes  for 
Clark,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Howard,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Vermont; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Middle- 
bury  College  in  1839 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Detroit;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,877 
votes  against  8,723  votes  for  Stuart,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
13,658  votes  against  12,791  votes  for  Lothrop,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  1,600  majority,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861,  having  successfully 
contested  the  election  of  G.  B.  Cooper  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
postmaster  at  Detroit;  was  tendered  the  Chinese 
mission  in  1869,  but  declined  it. 

Howe,  Albert  R.,  was  born  at  Brookfield,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  2,  1840;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Forty-seventh 
Massachusetts  Infantry,  in  which  he  was  succes 
sively  sergeant,  second  and  first  lieutenant,  and  act 
ing  adjutant,  participating  in  the  campaign  in  North 
Carolina  under  General  A.  G.  Foster;  upon  the  ex 
piration  of  the  nine-months'  service  of  the  regiment, 
he  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant  in  the  Fifth 
Massachusetts  Cavalry,  in  which  he  was  subsequently 
promoted  to  be  first  lieutenant,  captain,  and  major, 
serving  in  Virginia  and  Texas  until  November  30, 
1865;  settled  in  Como,  Panola  County,  Mississippi, 
on  a  cotton-plantation,  in  December,  1865;  was  a 
member  of  the  Mississippi  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1868;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  Na 
tional  Republican  Convention  in  1868;  was  appointed 
treasurer  of  Panola  County  in  1869 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  of  Mississippi  in  1870,  1871, 
and  1872;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  14,831  votes  against  8,216  votes  for 
W.  A.  Alcorn,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Howe,  John  W.,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
removed  to  Pennsylvania,  locating  at  Franklin ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free-soil  Whig,  receiving 
7,509  votes  against  7,166  votes  for  S.  E.  "McFarland, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  6,284  votes  against  5,882  votes  for 
Shattuck,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1853. 

Howe,  Thomas  M.,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Pitts- 
burg,  Pennsylvania;  was  for  many  years  cashier, 
then  president,  of  the  Pittsburg  Exchange  Bank; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,406 
votes  against  4,247  votes  for  Salisbury,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  4,620  votes  against  3,817  votes  for  Gibson, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1855. 

Howe,  Thomas  Y.,  jun.,  was  born  at  Auburn, 
New  York;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,037  votes  against  7,011  votes  for  Morgan,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Howe,  Timothy  O.,  was  born,  at  Liverinore, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


457 


Maine,  February  24, 1816;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Maine 
in  1845,  in  the  latter  part  of  which  year  he  removed 
to  Wisconsin;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  Circuit 
and  Supreme  Courts  of  Wisconsin  in  1850,  and  held 
the  office  until  he  resigned  in  1855;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Wisconsin  as  a  Union 
Republican  (to  succeed  Charles  Durkee),  and  took 
his  seat  in  1801;  was  re-elected  in  1807,  and  again 
re-elected  in  1873;  has  served  from  March  3,  1801. 

Howell,  David,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  Janu 
ary  1, 1747;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  New- Jersey  College  in  1700;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Providence,  Rhode  Island;  was  a  delegate  from 
Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1785 ; 
was  attorney-general  of  Rhode  Island  in  1789;  was 
professor  of  law  in  Brown  University  1790-1824 ;  was 
judge  of  the  United-States  District  Court  for  Rhode 
Island  1812-1824;  and  died  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  July  29,  1820. 

Howell,  Edward,  was  born  in  the  State  of  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  resided 
at  Bath ;  was  a  member  of  the  New- York  House  of 
Representatives  in  1832;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1835. 

Howell,  Elias,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio, 
and  located  at  Newark;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  2,440  votes  against  2,000  votes  for  his  oppo 
nent,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3, 
1837 ;  died  of  apoplexy  at  his  residence,  near  New 
ark,  in  Licking  County,  May,  1844. 

Howell,  James  B.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey 
July  4,  1810;  removed  to  Newark,  Licking  County, 
Ohio,  in  1819;  graduated  at  Miami  University,  Ohio, 
in  1837;  studied  law  with  Hocking  H.  Hunter  of 
Lancaster,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839; 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1841,  and  settled  at  Keosauqua, 
where  he  practised  law  for  several  years ;  in  1845  he 
purchased  the  Whig  paper,  and  has  ever  since  been 
engaged  in  the  newspaper  business,  removing  to 
Keokuk  in  1849,  where  in  1854  he  started  "The 
Daily  Whig,"  afterwards  changing  the  name  to 
"  The  Daily  Gate  City ; "  he  took  a  prominent  part  in 
organizing  the  Republican  party  in  Iowa  in  1855; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Fremont  Convention  in  1850, 
and  has  since  taken  an  active  and  leading  part  in  the 
politics  of  Iowa;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Iowa  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occa 
sioned  by  the  resignation  of  James  W.  Grimes),  and 
served  from  January  20,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Howell,  Jeremiah  B.,  was  born  in  Rhode  Is 
land  in  1772;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Brown  University  in  1789;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Providence  ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Rhode  Island,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
to  March  3,  1817;  and  died  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  in  1822. 

Howell,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1788;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  died 
at  Canandaigua,  New  York,  October  10,  1821. 

Howland,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Tiverton, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1750;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  held  several  local  offices;  was  a  member  of 
th'e  State  General  Assembly;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Rhode  Island  as  a  Democrat  (to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel  J. 
Potter),  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1804,  serving 
until  March  3,  1807;  and  died  at  Tiverton,  Rhode 
Island,  May  9,1821. 

Howley,  Richard,  was  born  in  Liberty  County, 


Georgia;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Georgia  1780;  narrowly  escaped  capture 
when  the  British  troops  occupied  the  sea-coast  coun 
ties  of  Georgia;  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1780-1781. 

Hubard,  Edmund  W.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
resided  at  Curdsville;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress,  defeating  Toher,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Hubbard,  Asahel  W.,  was  born  at  Haddam, 
Connecticut,  January  19,  1818;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  went  to  Indiana,  where  he  taught 
school ;  studied  law,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  Indiana  in  1847,  1848, 
and  1849 ;  in  1857  he  removed  to  Iowa,  where  he  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Fourth  Judicial  District;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  5.380 
votes  against  2,755  votes  for  Duncombe,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
8,439  votes  against  3,108  votes  for  L.  Chapman,  Dem 
ocrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,030  votes  against  3,958 
votes  for  Thompson,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Hubbard,  Chester  D.,  was  born  at  Hamden, 
Connecticut,  November  25,  1814;  went  with  his  par 
ents  to  Pennsylvania  in  1815,  and  thence  to  Virginia 
in  1819 ;  graduated  at  the  Wesleyan  University,  Con 
necticut,  in  1840;  engaged  in  the  lumber  business 
and  in  banking;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  of  Virginia  in  1852  and  1853 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Virginia  (Richmond)  Convention  in  1801,  and  of 
the  West  Virginia  (Wheeling)  Convention  a  few 
months  afterwards;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  of  West  Virginia  in  1803  and  1804;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  West  Virginia  in  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  but  little 
opposition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,001  votes  against  8,239  votes  for 
Johnson,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1805, 
to  March  3,  1809. 

Hubbard,  David,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  removed  at  an  early 
age  to  Alabama ;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  so 
licitor  of  his  judicial  district;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1831,  1842,  1843, 
1845,  and  1853,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1830;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  1,527  majority  over  David  G.  Ligas,  Whig,  and 
serving  from  December  2, 1839,  to  March  3, 1841 ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in 
1845;  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Congress 
in  1849;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  aft  a  State-rights  Demo 
crat,  receiving  4,575  votes  against  3,085  votes  for 
John  Wood,  Whig;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Breckinridge  and  Lane  ticket  in  1800;  and  removed 
after  the  war  to  Nashville,  Tennessee. 

Hubbard,  Demas,  jun.,  was  born  at  Winfield, 
New  York,  January  17,  1800 ;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Smyrna;  held  several 
local  offices;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1838-1840 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  17,007  votes  against  14,078 
votes  for  Hezekiah  Sturges,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807 ;  died  at  Smyrna, 
New  York,  September  2,  1873. 

Hubbard,  Henry,  was  born  at  Charlestown, 
New  Hampshire,  May  3,  1784;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1803; 
studied  law  under  Jeremiah  Mason ;  was  admitted  to 


458 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Charlestown  in 
1806;  was  a  representative  in  the  State  legislature  in 
1812-1815, 1819-1820, 1823-1827,  serving  the  last  three 
years  as  speaker;  was  State  solicitor  for  Cheshire 
County  1823-1828 ;  was  judge  of  probate  1827-1829; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire 
in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  until 
March  3,  1835,  and  as  speaker  pro  tempore  May  16, 
1834;  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat,  and  served  from  March  4,  1835,  until 
March  3,  1841;  was  governor  of  New  Hampshire 
1841-1843;  was  United-States  sub-treasurer  at  Boston 
1846-1849;  and  died  at  Charlestown,  New  Hamp 
shire,  June  5.  1857. 

Hubbard,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Salisbury, 
Connecticut,  in  1805;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Litchfield ;  was  county- 
attorney  for  five  successive  years,  and  was  twice 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Eepublican,  receiving  11,248  votes 
against  10,892  votes  for  Woodruff,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,747  votes  against  9,112  votes  for  Taylor,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1867. 

Hubbard,  Jonathan  H.,  was  born  at  Windsor, 
Vermont,  in  1768;  received  a  liberal  education;  stud 
ied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Eleventh  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811; 
was  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1813-1845; 
and  died  at  Windsor2  Vermont,  September  20,  1849. 

Hubbard,  Levi,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1804-1805;  was  a  State  senator  1806-1811;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  24, 
1813,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  was  again  a  State  senator  in 
1816;  was  for  some  years  county-treasurer;  was  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council  in  1829. 

Hubbard,  Richard  D.,  was  born  at  Berlin, 
Connecticut,  September  7,  1818;  graduated  at  Yale 
College;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,994  votes  against 
11,447  votes  for  Deming,  Republican,  serving"  from 
March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Hubbard,  Samuel  Dickinson,  was  born  at 
Middletown,  Connecticut,  August  10,  1799;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1819;  studied  law,  but  did  not  practise,  devoting 
himself  to  manufactures;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  f rom  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,266  votes  against  5,814  votes 
for  Stewart,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  7,325  votes  against 
6,669  votes  for  Irigham,  Democrat,  and  416  votes 
Abolition  and  scattering,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3, 1849;  was  postmaster-general  of  the 
United-States  August  31, 1852-March  7, 1853;  retired 
to  private  life,  and  died  at  Middletown,  Connecticut, 
October  8,  1855. 

Hubbard,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  at  New  Ha 
ven,  Connecticut,  in  1780 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1798;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Hamilton,  New  York;  Avas  surrogate  of  Madison 
County  March  26,  1806-February  26,  1816;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Madison  and  Gerry  ticket 
in  1812;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  removed  to 
Utica,  New  York;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844,  and  on  the  Pierce  and 


King  ticket  in  1852;  and  died  at  Utica,  New  York, 
Mav  22,  1857. 

Hubbell,  Edwin  N.,  was  born  at  Coxsackie, 
New  York,  August  13,  1815;  received  an  academical 
education;  engaged  in  agricultural  and  mechanical 
pursuits;  was  for  several  years  supervisor  of  Greene 
County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  11,373  votes  against  10,028  votes  for  Theodore  B. 
Gates,  Republican,  serving  from  December  4,  1865, 
to  March  3,  1867. 

Hubbell,  James  R.,  was  born  in  Delaware 
County,  Ohio,  in  1824;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised;  was  for  four  successive  years  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  serving  two 
years  as  speaker;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Fremont  and  Dayton  ticket  in  1856;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,903  votes  against 
8,983  votes  for  William  Johnston,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 1867. 

Hubbell,  Jay  A.,  was  born  at  Avon,  Michigan, 
September  15,  1829 ;  graduated  at  the  University  cf 
Michigan  in  1853;  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of 
law  in  1855;  removed  to  Ontonagon,  Michigan,  in 
November,  1855 ;  was  elected  district-attorney  of  the 
Upper  Peninsula  in  1857,  and  again  in  1859 ;  removed 
to  Houghton,  Michigan,  in  February,  1860;  was  elect 
ed  prosecuting-attorney  of  Houghton  County  in  1861, 
in  1863,  and  in  1865;  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law  until  1870,  and  has  been  identified  with  the  de 
velopment  of  the  mineral  interests  of  the  Upper 
Peninsiila;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michi 
gan  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  11,951  votes  against  5,546  votes  for  S.  P.  Ely, 
Liberal  Republican  and  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,877  votes  against  3,460  votes  for  H.  D.  Noble, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  18,224  votes  against  12,656  votes  for 
John  H.  Kilbourne,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873. 

Hubbell,  "William  S.,  was  born  in  Steuben 
County,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1841;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  7,692  votes  against  6,847  votes  for 
Sherman,  Whig,  and  288  votes  for  Pitts,  Abolition 
ist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Hubley,  Edward  B.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839; 
and  died  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  February  23, 
1850. 

Hudson,  Charles,  was  born  at  Maryborough, 
Massachusetts,  November  14,  1795 ;  was  reared  on  a 
farm;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
theology,  and  was  licensed  as  a  Universalist  preacher 
in  1819 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1828-1833,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1833- 
1839;  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  1839- 
1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
800  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  6,068  votes  against 
4,107  votes  for  Bryant,  Democrat,  and  1,884  votes 
Abolition  and  scattering,  serving  from  May  31,  1841, 
to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candi 
date  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress  by  Charles  Allen, 
Free-Soiler ;  was  naval  officer  of  the  port  of  Boston 
1849-1853;  edited  "The  Boston  Daily  Atlas:"  was 
assessor  of  internal  revenue  1864-1868;  presided  at 
the  centennial  celebration  of  the  battle  of  Lexington 
1876.  He  has  published  "History  of  Westminster" 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


459 


1832,  "History  of  Marlborough "  1862,  "History  of 
Lexington"  1868,  and  a  number  of  historical  pam 
phlets  and  essays. 

Hufty,  Jacob,  was  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket, 
receiving  18,705  votes  against  14,702  votes  for  the 
Federal  candidate;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth 
and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  22, 
1809,  to  May  20,  1814,  when  he  died  at  Salem,  New 
Jersey. 

Huger,  Benjamin,  was  born  near  Charleston, 
South  Carolina;  received  an  academical  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Soxith  Carolina  in 
the  Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Huger,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Limerick  Planta 
tion,  South  Carolina,  and  was  one  of  five  brothers 
distinguished  in  the  struggle  for  independence;  he 
was  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1786-1788 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  First  Congress ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Second  Congress,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  March  2,  1793. 

Huger,  Daniel  Elliot,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1798;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Charleston ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
and  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  South  Carolina  as  a  State-rights  Demo 
crat  (in  place  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  resigned),  serving 
from  December  7,  1843,  to  1845,  when  he  resigned; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court;  and  died  at 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  August  18,  1854. 

Hughes,  Charles,  was  born  in  Georgia;  received 
a  public-school  education;  removed  to  the  State  of 
New  York,  and  located  at  Sandy  Hill ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,988  votes  against 
9,693  votes  for  Northrup,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  provost-marshal 
for  the  Sixteenth  Congressional  District  in  1862. 

Hughes,  George  W\,  was  born  in  New  York 
in  1806;  was  educated  at  the  West-Point  Military 
Academy,  graduating  in  1827 ;  left  the  military  service, 
and  was  a  civil  engineer  at  New- York  City ;  was  re- 
appointed  to  the  army  as  an  officer  of  topographical 
engineers  in  1838;  served  in  the  Mexican  war,  re 
ceiving  two  brevets;  resigned  his  commission  in  1851, 
and  was  made  president  of  the  Northern  Central 
Railroad;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  6,302  votes  against  5,354  votes  for  Haguer, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  5, 1859,  to  March 
3,  1861 ;  died  at  West  River,  Maryland,  in  1870. 

Hughes,  James,  was  born  at  Hampstead,  Mary 
land,  November  24,  1823;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  State  University  of  Indiana; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Bloomington,  Indiana;  served 
in  the  Mexican  war  in  the  Sixteenth  Regiment  Unit 
ed-States  Infantry;  was  circuit-judge  1852-1857;  was 
professor  of  law  at  the  University  of  Indiana  1853- 
1856 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,629  votes  against  9,113  votes  for  Hendricks,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  March  3, 
1859;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Claims  1861-1865; 
was  appointed  a  cotton-agent  of  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment  18615-1368;  located  at  Washington  City  as  a  le 
gal  practitioner. 

Hughes,  James  M.,  was  born  in. Kentucky; 
removed  to  Missouri,  and  located  at  Liberty;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Hughes,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 


received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Cold 
Spring ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jer 
sey  in  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  2. 
1833. 

Hughston,  Jonas  A.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Delhi;  was  district-attorney  of  Delaware  County 
1842-1845;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  6,744  votes  against  6,444  votes  for  Palmer, 
Democrat,  and  1,339  votes  for  Hawes,  Free-Soiler, 
serving  from  December  3, 1855,  to  March  3, 1857 ;  was 
appointed  by  Secretary  Seward  marshal  of  the  Consu 
lar  Court  at  Shanghai,  China,  and  died  there  in  1862. 

Hugunia,  Daniel,  jun.,  was  born  in  Mont 
gomery  County,  New  York,  in  1791 ;  received  a  lib 
eral  education;  served  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 1825,  to  March  3, 
1827 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Harrison  United- 
States  marshal  for  the  Territory  of  Wyoming;  and 
died  at  Kenosha,  Wisconsin,  June  21,  1850. 

Hulbert,  John  W.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
received  an  academical  education ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Daniel  Dewey,  resigned)  as  a 
Federalist;  and  was  re-elected  to  "the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  September  26, 1814,  to  March 
3,  1817. 

Hulburd,  Calvin  T.,  was  born  at  Stockholm, 
New  York,  June  5,  1809;  graduated  at  Middfebury 
College,  Vermont;  was  a  student  at  the  Yale-College 
Law  School ;  was  engaged  in  mercantile  and  agricul 
tural  pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
of  New  York  in  1842, 1843, 1844,  and  1862 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,015  votes 
against  5,867  votes  for  Judson,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
13,183  votes  against  5,659  votes  for  William  J. 
Averill,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,449  votes 
against  5,116  votes  for  Lawrence,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Humphrey,  Charles,  was  born  in  Orange 
County,  New  York,  in  1791 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  resided  at  Ithaca,  Tompkins  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 1825, 
to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1834-1836  and  1842,  serving  as 
speaker  January  6,  1835-May  26,  1836;  died  at 
Albany,  New  York,  July  18,  1850. 

Humphrey,  Charles,  was  born  at  Haverford, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1811 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  became  a  miller,  and  dealer  in  breadstuffs ;  was 
actively  engaged  in  pre-Revolutionary  measures; 
was  a  member  of  the  Provincial  Congress  1764-1774; 
was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1776;  died  at  Haverford,  Pennsyl 
vania,  March  11,  1786. 

Humphrey,  Herman  L.,  was  born  at  Candor, 
New  York,  March  14,  1830;  received  a  public-school 
education,  with  the  addition  of  one  year  in  Cort- 
land  Academy;  became  a  merchant's  clerk  at  the 
age  of  sixteen  in  Ithaca,  New  York,  and  remained 
there  for  several  years;  studied  law  in  the  office  of 
Walbridge  &  Finch;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
July,  1854,  and  removed  to  Hudson,  Wisconsin, 
where  he  commenced  practice  in  January,  1855 ;  was 
soon  after  appointed  district-attorney  of  St.  Croix 
County  to  fill  a  vacancy;  was  appointed  by  the 
governor  county-judge  of  St.  Croix  County  to  fill  a 
vacancy;  in  the  fall  of  1860,  and  in  the  spring  of 
1861,  was  elected  for  the  full  term  of  four  years 
from  the  following  January;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  for  two  years,  and  in  February,  1862, 
resigned  the  office  of  county-judge;  was  elected 


460 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


mayor  of  Hudson  for  one  year;  was  elected  in  the 
spring  of  1866  judge  of  the  Eighth  Judicial  Circuit, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1872,  serving  from  January, 
1807,  until  March,  1877;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Eepublican,  receiving  20,702  votes  against  13,220 
votes  for  Milton  R.  Gage,  Democrat,  serving  from 
October  15,  1877. 

Humphrey,  James,  was  born  at  Fail-field, 
Connecticut,  October  9,  1811;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Amherst  College  (of  which 
his  father  was  president)  in  1831;  taught  school; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced 
practice  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  in  1837,  and,  after 
remaining  there  one  year,  removed  to  New-York 
City ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  6,475  votes  against  4,578  votes  for  Taylor, 
Democrat,  5,581  votes  for  Litchfield,  Independent 
Democrat,  and  974  votes  for  Humphrey,  American, 
and  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1801;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,752  votes  against  11,108  votes  for 
Favon,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to 
June  16,  1800,  when  he  died  at  Brooklyn,  New  York. 

Humphrey,  James  M.,  was  born  at  Holland, 
New  York,  September  21,  1819;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was 
district-attorney  for  Erie  County  in  1857,  1858,  and 
1859; -was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  New 
York  in  1803,  1804,  and  1865;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress  Us  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,231  votes  against 
12,861  votes  for  Samuel  J.  Holley,  Republican ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
13,402  votes  against  12,C85  votes  for  Clapp,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1869. 

Humphrey,  Reuben,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  received  an  academic  education;  resided 
at  Marcenus,  Onondaga  County;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1811-1814;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving 
from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Humphreys,  Perry  W.,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March 
2,  1815;  removed  to  Hernando,  Mississippi,  and  died 
there  March  1,  1839. 

Hungerford,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Vernon, 
New  York,  December  31,  1825 ;  graduated  at  Hamil 
ton  College  in  1840;  engaged  in  the  business  of 
banking  in  1848  at  Corning ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Republican  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in 
1872  which  nominated  Grant  and  Wilson;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  21,087 
votes  against  17,973  votes  for  Edwin  D.  Loveridge, 
Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Hungerford,  John  P.,  was  born  in  1709;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  served  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  war ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  Noyember  4, 1811,  to  December  2, 1811  (his  elec 
tion  having  been  successfully  contested  by  John 
Taliaferro,  who  obtained  possession  of  the  seat); 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (John 
Taliaferro  again  contesting  his  election,  but  this 
time  unsuccessfully);  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  sen-ing  from  May  24,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1817;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  brigadier- 
general  of  militia,  and  was  active  in  the  defence  of 
the  Virginia  bank  of  the  Potomac;  and  died  in 
Westmoreland  County,  Virginia,  December  21,  1833. 

Hungerford,  Orville,  was  born  in  Connecticut 
in  1790;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  Watcrtown,  New  York ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,579  votes  against  4,810  votes  for  Merrick,  Whig, 


and  275  votes  for  Keyes,  Abolitionist;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
6,304  votes  against  5,587  votes  for  Bradley,  Whig, 
and  717  votes  for  Porter,  American,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  and  died  at 
Watertown,  New  York,  April  6,  1855. 

Hunt,  Hiram  P.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-foiirth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  7,  1835, 
to  March  3,  1837;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candi 
date  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  Henry  Vail ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  pub 
lished  a  circular-letter  in  1842  declining  a  re-election ; 
died  at  Troy,  New  York. 

Hunt,  James  B.,  was  born  in  New  York  in 
1799;  received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
New- York  City;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1836,  and 
located  at  Pontiac;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Michigan  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1847;  died  at  Washington  August  15,  1857. 

Hunt,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  the  State  of  Ver 
mont;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1807;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Brattleborough ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Vermont  in  the  Twentieth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  May  14,  1832, 
when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Hunt,  Samuel,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  1790;  settled  in  Alstead,  New  Hamp 
shire,  and  removed  to  Kcene;  left  the  practice  in 
1795;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  New 
Hampshire ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Seventh  Congress  (in  place  of 
Joseph  Pierce,  resigned) ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1802,  to 
March  3,  1805 ;  died  in  Ohio  in  1807. 

Hunt,  Theodore  G-.,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  New  Orleans ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  6,555  votes  against  5,445  votes  for 
Davis,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855. 

Hunt,  "Washington,  was  born  at  Windham, 
Greene  County,  New  York,  August  5,  1811;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1834,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lock- 
port;  was  appointed  first  judge  of  Niagara  County  in 
1836;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
4,072  votes  against  4,347  votes  for  Piper,  Democrat, 
and  220  votes  for  Hutchinson,  Abolitionist ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  5,733 
votes  against  4,948  votes  for  Piper,  Democrat,  and 
552  votes  for  Hutchinson,  Abolitionist;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  comptroller 
of  the  State  of  New  York  February  17,  1849-Dccem- 
ber  18,  1850 ;  was  elected  governor  of  New  York  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  214,614  votes  against  214,352  votes 
for  Horatio  Seymour,  Democrat,  serving  1850-1852 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in 
1852  by  Horatio  Seymour  and  Minthome  Tompkins ; 
retired  to  his  farm  near  Lockport;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Chicago  Convention  of  1804 ;  died  at  New- York 
City  February  2,  1807. 

Hunter*  John,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  an  academical  education;  was  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2, 1793,  to  March  3, 1795;  was  elected 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


461 


a  United-States  senator  from  South  Carolina  (in 
place  of  Pierce  Butler,  resigned),  serving  from  Jan 
uary  27,  1797,  to  1798,  when  he  resigned. 

Hunter,  John  W.,  was  born  at  Bedford.  King's 
County,  New  York  (now  within  the  limits  of  the  city 
of  Brooklyn),  October  15,  181)7;  engaged  in  business 
pursuits;  was  a  clerk  in  the  New- York  Custom 
House  1831-1836,  and  v-is  assistant  auditor  1830-1805; 
was  secretary  of  a  baiiuing  institution  at  Brooklyn  in 
1805;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (in  place  of  James  Hum 
phrey,  deceased),  serving  from  December  4,  1800,  to 
March  3,  1807. 

Hunter,  Morton  C.,  was  born  at  Versailles, 
Indiana,  February  5, 1825 ;  was  educated  at  the  Indi 
ana  State  University,  from  the  law  department  of 
which  he  was  graduated  in  1849;  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  Indiana  from 
Monroe  County  in  1858 ;  was  colonel  of  the  Eighty- 
second  Regiment  of  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry,  and 
commanded  it  until  the  fall  of  Atlanta;  was  bre vetted 
brigadier-general  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  ser 
vice  ; ' '  commanded  the  First  Brigade,  Third  Division, 
Fourteenth  Army  Corps,  from  the  fall  of  Atlanta 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  in  Sherman's  "  march 
to  the  sea,"  and  participated  in  the  great  review  at 
Washington  after  the  termination  of  hostilities;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Forti 
eth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,848  votes 
against  13, 158  votes  for  Harrington,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  18,792  rotes  against  18,135  votes  for  D.  W. 
Voorhees,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  14,095  votes  against  13,708 
votes  for  Rice,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,205  votes  against 
13,105  votes  for  McLean,  Democrat,  and  4,704  votes 
for  Davis,  Greenback,  serving  from  December  1, 1873. 

Hunter,  Naisworthy,  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Mississippi  Territory  in  the  Seventh  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  11,  1802, 
when  he  died. 

Hunter,  Robert  M.  T.,  was  born  in  Essex 
County,  Virginia,  April  21,  1809;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  1,203  votes  against  1,109  votes  for 
Scott,  Whig,  and  served  as  speaker;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4, 1837,  to  March  3, 1843 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  1,079  votes  against  1,249  votes  for 
Newton,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1847;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Virginia,  serving  from  December  0,  1847,  until  he 
withdrew  from  the  Senate  on  the  secession  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  afterward  expelled  in  July,  1801 ;  was 
a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Provisional  Congress 
which  assembled  at  Richmond  in  July,  1801 ;  was  a 
Confederate-States  senator  from  Virginia  in  the  First 
Confederate  Congress;  was  Confederate  secretary 
of  state;  was  arrested  after  the  war,  and  pardoned 
in  1807;  was  elected  State  treasurer  of  Virginia  in 
1877. 

Hunter,  William,  was  born  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  November  23,  1775;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1791; 
went  to  London,  where  he  studied  medicine,  and 
afterwards  the  law;  returned  to  Newport,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  1796 ;  was  several  times  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island 
(in  place  of  Christopher  G.  Champlin,  resigned), 
and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  November  25,  1811, 
to  March  3, 1821 ;  was  commissioned  charge  d'affaires 


to  Brazil  June  28,  1834,  and  minister  plenipotentiary 
September  13,  1841,  serving  until  December  9,  1843; 
returned  to  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  and  resided 
there  until  his  death  December  3,  1849. 

Hunter,  William,  was  born  in  Vermont ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1807  and  1809;  was  a  State  councillor  in  1809,  1814, 
and  1815 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont 
in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Hunter,  William  P.,  was  born  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  December  10, 1808;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  cabinet-maker's  trade;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Woodsfield,  Ohio;  held  several  local 
offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,711  votes 
against  6,338  votes  for  Kennon,  Democrat ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
5,751  votes  against  5,500  votes  for  Jewett,  Democrat, 
and  1,120  votes  for  Root,  Free-Soil er,  serving  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Hunter,  William  H.,  resided  at  Sandusky, 
Ohio ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Huntington,  Abel,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Con 
necticut,  in  1770;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  medicine,  and  removed  to  East  Hampton, 
Long  Island,  where  he  was  for  sixty  years  a  prac 
tising  physician ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1837;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Sag  Harbor  1845- 
1849;  died  at  East  Hampton  May  18,  1858. 

Huntington,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Norwich, 
Connecticut,  April  19,  1730;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1701;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Norwich;  was  a  delegate  from  Connecti 
cut  in  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1784  and  1787- 
1788;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789, 
to  March  3,  1791 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  1781-1791  and  1791-1793;  was  judge  of  the  State 
Superior  Court  1793-1798;  was  mayor  of  Norwich 
1784-1796;  died  at  Norwich,  Connecticut,  October 
10,  1800. 

Huntington,  Ebenezer,  was  born  at  Norwich, 
Connecticut,  December  20,  1754;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1775;  left 
college  to  join  the  Revolutionary  army,  and  served 
throughout  the  war;  was  selected  for  appointment  as 
brigadier-general  by  Washington  when  a  war  with 
France  seemed  imminent  in  1799;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Eleventh  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Samuel  W.  Dana,  elected  senator), 
serving  from  Decembers,  1810,  to  March  3, 1811 ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  and  died  at 
Norwich,  Connecticut,  June  17,  1834. 

Huntington,  Jabez  Williams,  was  bom  at 
Norwich,  Connecticut,  Novembers,  1788;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1800;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Litchfield ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in '1829;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  1834, 
when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  judge  of 
the  State  Supreme  Court  of  Errors;  removed  to  Nor 
wich  ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Con 
necticut  as  a  Whig  (in  place  of  Thaddeus  Betts,  de 
ceased),  serving  from  June  2,  1840,  to  November  1, 
1847,  when  he  died  at  Norwich,  Connecticut. 

Huntington,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Windham, 
Connecticut,  July  3,  1732;  received  a  public-school 
education;  worked  at  the  cooper's  trade;  studied 


462 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1758,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Norwich;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial 
Assembly  in  1764;  was  appointed  Crown's  attorney 
in  1765;  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  in 
1763;  was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  January  16,  1766-November  4,  1783, 
serving  as  president  September  28, 1779-Jtily  0,  1781 ; 
was  judge  of  the  State  Superior  Court  1774-1784, 
and  chief  justice  1784;  was  lieutenant-governor  1785; 
was  governor  of  Connecticut  1786-1796 ;  died  at  Nor 
wich.  Connecticut,  January  5, 1796. 

Hunton,  Eppa,  was  born  in  Fauquier  County, 
Virginia,  September  23,  1823;  his  early  education 
was  limited;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  Com 
monwealth  attorney  for  the  county  of  Prince  William 
from  1849  up  to  1862;  was  elected  to  the  State  Con 
vention  of  Virginia  which  assembled  at  Richmond  in 
February,  1861 ;  served  through  its  first  session,  and 
then  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  colonel  of  the 
Eighth  Virginia  Infantry;  was  promoted  after  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  served  through  the  residue 
of  the  war  as  brigadier-general,  succeeding  Brigadier- 
General  Garnett ;  was  captured  at  Sailor's  Creek 
April  6,  1865,  and  was  released  from  Fort  Warren  in 
July,  1865;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  11,782  votes  against  9,178  votes  forE.  Daniels, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,809  votes  against 
9,291  votes  for  Barbour,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  16,660 
votes  against  10,175  votes  for  J.  C.  O'Neal,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Huntsman,  Adam,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Tennessee,  and  settled  at  Jackson;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twen 
ty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  300  majority 
over  David  Crockett,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
7, 1835,  to  March  3, 1837 ;  was  defeated  for  re-election 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  David  Crockett. 

Hurd,  Prank  H.,  was  born  at  Mount  Vernon, 
Ohio,  December  25, 1841 ;  received  a  liberal  education, 
graduating  at  Kenyon  College  in  1858;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  has  since  practised ;  was 
county  prosecuting-attorncy  in  1863;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1866 ;  was  appointed 
to  codify  the  criminal  laws  of  Ohio  in  1868 ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13, 108  votes 
against  11,271  votes  for  Pratt,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  6, 1875,  to  March  3, 1877;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  Democratic  candidate  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  15,361  votes  against  17,276  votes 
for  J.  D.  Cox,  Republican. 

Hurlbut,  Stephen  A.,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  November  29,  1815;  was  thoroughly 
and  liberally  educated ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1837 ;  removed  to  Illinois,  settling  at  Bel- 
videre ;  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  Illinois  in  1847;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1848;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1859,  1861,  and  1867;  was 
presidential  elector  at  large  on  the  Republican  ticket 
in  1868;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volun 
teers,  dating  from  May  27,  1861;  commanded  the 
Fourth  Division  at  Pittsburg  Landing  in  1862 ;  was 
promoted  major-general  in  September,  1862;  was  as 
signed  to  the  command  of  the  Sixteenth  Army  Corps 
at  Memphis,  and  to  the  command  of  the  Department 
of  the  Gulf  in  1864-1865;  was  honorably  mustered 
out  in  July,  1865;  was  minister  resident  to  the  Unit 
ed  States  of  Colombia  from  1869  to  1872 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,532  votes  against 
5,134  votes  for  S.  E.  Bronson,  Liberal  and  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  8,776  votes  against  7,503  votes 
for  John  F.  Farnsworth,  Opposition,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Hutchins,  John,  waa  born  at  Vienna,  Ohio, 


July  25,  1812;  received  a  classical  education,  and 
studied  one  year  at  the  Western-Reserve  College; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  clerk  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  for  Trumbull  County  1838-1843;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1849; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,321  votes 
against  4,541  votes  for  D.  Tod,  Democrat,  and  388 
votes  scattering:  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  10,840  votes  against  4,222 
votes  for  Wilson,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Hutchins,  \Vells  A.,  was  born  at  Hartford, 
Ohio,  October  8,  1818 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  taught  school ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1841,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1851 ;  was  appointed  one  of  the  six  United-States 
provost-marshals  for  Ohio  in  1862;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,605  votes  against  6,702 
votes  for  Bundy,  Republican,  serving  from  December 
7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Hutson,  Richard,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1865 ;  was  a  delegate  from  South  Caro 
lina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1779. 

Huyler,  John,  was  born  in  New- York  City 
June  16,  1809;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Hackensack,  New  Jersey,  in  1846,  and  en 
gaged  in  the  lumber  business;  was  soon  afterwards 
elected  to  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Bergen  County, 
and  became  president  of  that  body;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1850-1853, 
serving  the  last  year  as  president;  was  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals  1853-1856 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,165  votes  against  5,876 
votes  for  Osborne,  Republican,  and  2,355  votes  for 
Inglis,  American,  serving  from  December  5,  1857, 
until  March  3,  1859;  was  a  candidate  for  re-election 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Lecompton  Demo 
crat,  but  was  defeated,  receiving  8,154  votes  against 
8,837  votes  for  H.  R.  Riggs,  Republican;  died  in  con 
sequence  of  an  unprovoked  assault  which  had  been 
made  upon  him  by  a  drunken  man  in  the  street  at 
Hackensack,  New  Jersey,  January,  1870. 

Hyde,  Ira  B.,  was  born  at  Guilford,  New  York, 
January  18,  1838;  worked  on  a  farm  in  early  life; 
received  an  academic  education  at  Oberlin  College, 
Ohio ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
the  spring  of  1861  at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota;  entered 
the  Union  army  as  a  private  in  a  Minnesota  cavalry 
regiment  in  August,  1862;  removed  to  Missouri  in 
May,  1866,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law ;  was 
appointed  secretary  and  attorney  of  the  C.  and  D.  M.  C. 
Railroad  in  1868;  was  appointed  prosecuting-attorney 
in  February,  1872;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  13,953  votes  against  12,318  votes 
for  C.  H.  Mansur,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Hyman,  John  Adams,  was  born  in  Warren 
County,  North  Carolina,  July  23,  1840,  a  slave ;  he 
acquired  the  rudiments  of  an  English  education,  al 
though  he  was  sold  and  sent  to  Alabama  when  a  lad 
because  he  was  found  studying  a  spelling-book;  was 
emancipated  in  1865;  returned  to  North  Carolina, 
and  engaged  in  farming;  was  a  trustee  of  the  first 
public  school  in  Warren  County;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1868;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  1868-1874;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,176 
votes  against  11,144  votes  for  G.  II.  Blount,  Demo 
crat,  and  1,091  votes  for  Garland  H.  White,  Inde 
pendent  Republican;  and  was  appointed  collector  of 
internal  revenue  for  the  Second  District  of  North 
Carolina  in  June,  1877. 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


463 


Hyneman,  John  M.,  was  born  in  Berks  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania ;  received  a  thorough  English  edu 
cation  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives  1809;  was  clerk  of  the  Berks-county 
Orphans'  Court  1810-1816;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  November  4,  1811,  to  1813,  when  he  resigned; 
was  county-surveyor  of  Berks  County  1814-1824. 

Hynes,  William  J.,  was  born  in  the  county  of 
Clare,  Ireland,  March  31,  1843;  immigrated  to  the 
United  States;  landed  in  New  York  November  29, 
1854;  was  educated  in  public  and  private  schools  in 
Ireland,  and  the  common  schools  of  Springfield, 
Massachusetts,  until  sixteen  years  of  age,  after  that 
from  private  tuition  and  unassisted  study;  learned 
the  art  of  printing  in  the  office  of  the  Springfield, 
(Massachusetts)  "Republican,"  and  has  been  printer, 
clerk,  lecturer,  and  editor;  was  a  student  at  the 
junior  and  senior  courses  of  law-lectures  in  Columbia 
College  in  1869-1870,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  in  August,  1870 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  from  the  State  at  large  as  a  Reform  Repub 
lican  by  a  majority  of  12,437,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  removed  to  Chicago  in 
1873,  a_nd  practised  his  profession. 

Ihria,  Peter,  jun.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Easton;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat,  defeating  George  Wolf ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Ilsley.  Daniel,  was  born  at  Falmouth,  Massa 
chusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  in  1740;  received  a  thor 
ough  English  education ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits,  and  became  a  distiller;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  which  adopted  the  Federal  Consti 
tution;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Imlay,  James  H.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  178G ;  was  a  tutor  in  that  institution;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Fifth 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Ingalls,  John  James,  was  born  at  Middleton. 
Massachusetts,  December  29,  1833 ;  was  educated  at 
Williams  College,  Williamstown,  Massachusetts; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to.  the  bar  in  1857; 
removed  to  Kansas  in  October,  1858;  was  a  member 
of  the  Wyandot  Constitutional  Convention  in  1859 ; 
was  secretary  of  the  Territorial  Council  in  1860;  was 
secretary  of  the  State  Senate  in  1861 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Kansas  from  Atchison  County 
in  1862;  was  editor  of  "The  Atchison  Champion" 
in  1863, 1864,  and  1865 ;  was  defeated  as  "  anti-Lane  " 
candidate  for  lieutenant-governor  in  1862,  and  again 
in  1864;  has  since  been  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Kansas 
as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  S.  C.  Poraeroy,  Repub 
lican),  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1873.  His  term  of 
office  will  expire  March  3, 1879. 

Inge,  Samuel  W.,  was  born  in  North  Carolina, 
and  removed  to  Greene  County,  Alabama,  when  a 
lad ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Livingston  County ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1844-1845;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  4,528  votes  against  4,370  votes 
for  W.  M.  Murphy,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4.665 
votes  against  4,245  votes  for  J.  G.  Baldwin,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851; 
while  in  Congress  he  fought  a  duel  at  Bladensburg 
with  Honorable  Edward  Stanly  of  North  Carolina, 
neither  receiving  serious  injury ;  resuming  practice, 


he  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  United-States 
attorney  for  the  district  of  California;  and  died  at 
San  Francisco  in  1867. 

Inge,  William  M.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  removed  to 
Sumter  County,  Alabama,  1836,  and  resumed  prac 
tice  at  Lexington  in  partnership  with  Robert  H. 
Smith ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1840, 1844,  and  1845 ;  and  died  at  Lex 
ington,  Alabama,  of  heart-disease,  in  1846. 

Ingersoll,  Charles  J.  (brother  of  Joseph  R. 
Ingersoll),  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 
October  3,  1782;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Philadelphia ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March  2, 1815 ; 
was  United-States  district-attorney  for  Pennsylvania 
1815-1829;  was  secretary  of  legation  to  Prussia  1837; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  1,203  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  3,316  votes 
against  2,664  votes  for  Conrad,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk 
minister  to  France  in  1847,  but  was  rejected  by  the 
Senate;  died  at  Philadelphia  May  14,  1862. 

Ingersoll,  Colin  M.  (son  of  Ralph  J.  Ingersoll), 
was  born  in  Connecticut  in  1820;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Haven; 
was  appointed  by  President  Polk  secretary  of  lega 
tion  at  St.  Petersburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  7,331  votes  against  6,786  votes 
for  Babcock,  Whig,  and  530  votes  for  Booth,  Free- 
Soiler;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1855. 

Ingersoll,  Ebon  C.,  was  born  in  Oneida  County, 
New  York,  December  12,  1831;  was  taken  by  his 
parents  to  Illinois  in  1843 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  which  he  completed  at  Paducah,  Kentucky; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Owen  Lovejoy,  deceased)  as  a  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
18,152  votes  against  11,282  votes  for  Eckels,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  18,437  votes  against  9,665  votes  for  Ramsey, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  20,991  votes  against  13,686  votes  for 
Niglas,  Democrat,  serving  from  May  20,  1864,  to 
March  3,  1871;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  at  Washington  City. 

Ingersoll,  Jared  (father  of  Joseph  R.  Ingersoll), 
was  born  in  Connecticut  in  1749 ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1766; 
studied  law  at  the  Middle  Temple  in  London :  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Philadelphia ;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1780-4781;  was  a  repre 
sentative  in  the  convention  which  framed  the  Fed 
eral  Constitution  in  1787;  was  twice  attorney-general 
of  Pennsylvania;  was  United-States  district-attorney 
for  the  Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania;  was  de 
feated  in  1812  as  the  Federal  candidate  for  Vice- 
President  of  the  United  States;  was  presiding  judge 
of  the  District  Court  of  Philadelphia  County;  died 
at  Philadelphia  October  31, 1822. 

Ingersoll,  Joseph  Reed  (son  of  Jared  Inger 
soll),  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  June 
14,  1786;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1804;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Philadelphia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


464 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


March  3,  1837;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Sergeant,  re 
signed),  receiving  6,631  votes  against  4,326  votes  for 
a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  5,414  votes  against  3.153  votes 
for  Neal,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  9,  1841,  to  March  3,  1849;  declined  a  re 
election;  was  appointed  by  President  Fillmore 
minister  to  Great  Britain,  serving  August  21,  1852- 
August  23,  1853;  died  at  Philadelphia  February  20, 
186S.  He  published  a  "Memoir  of  Samuel  Breck" 
1863,  and  a  number  of  political  pamphlets. 

Ingersoll,  Ralph  J.  (father  of  Colin  M.  Inger- 
soll),  was  born  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1808;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  New  Haven;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  5, 1825,  to  March 

2,  1833;  was  State  attorney-general  of  Connecticut; 
was  minister  to  Russia  August  8, 1846-July  1, 1848; 
died  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  August  27,  1872. 

Ingham,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Hebron,  Con 
necticut,  September  5, 1793;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1815,  and  commenced  practice  at  Saybrook  in  1817 ; 
was  State's  attorney  for  Middlesex  County  1827- 
1835 ;  was  judge  of  probate  for  Middlesex  •  County 
1829-1833;  was  a  judge  of  the  Middlesex-county 
Court  1849-1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 

3,  1839;    was  again  State's  attorney  for  Middlesex 
County  1843-1844;   was  a  member  for  several  years 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  serving  three 
years  as  speaker,    and  was  for  two  years  a  State 
senator ;  was  defeated  in  1854  as  Democratic  candi 
date  for  United-States  senator  by  L.  F.  S.  Foster, 
Republican;    was    United-States    commissioner    of 
customs  December  5, 1857-May  14,  1861. 

Ingham,  Samuel  D.,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania  September  16,  1779;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  for  several  years  the  manager  of  a 
paper-mill  at  Easton,  New  Jersey;  was  for  three 
successive  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Pennsylvania;  was  prothonotary  at  Philadelphia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  July  6,  1818, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  again  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Samuel 
Moore,  resigned),  and  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  appointed 
by  President  Jackson  secretary  of  the  treasury,  and 
served  until  he  resigned  (when  the  cabinet  was 
broken  up  on  account  of  the  difficulty  concerning 
Mrs.  Eaton)  August  8,  1831;  died  at  Trenton,  New 
Jersey,  April  13,  1833. 

Iredell,  James,  was  born  in  Chowan  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1788;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1806; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac 
tised  ;  commanded  a  company  of  volunteers  which 
marched  to  the  relief  of  Norfolk,  when  threatened 
by  the  British,  in  1812;  was  appointed  a  judge  of 
the  Superior  Court  of  North  Carolina  in  March, 
1819,  and  resigned  in  the  May  following;  was 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1827,  1828;  was  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate  (in  place  of  Nathaniel 
Macon,  resigned),  serving  from  December  23,  1828, 


to  March  3,  1831;  removed  to  Raleigh,  where  he 
practised,  and  was  reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the 
Supreme  Court ;  and  died  at  Edenton,  North  Caro 
lina,  April  13,  1853. 

Irvin,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Clearfield;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1849. 

Irvin,  James,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  Milesburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  860  majority,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Irvin,  ^filliam  W\,  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Lancaster,  Ohio;  held 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 

2,  1833 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  by  John  Chaney;  was  a  judge  of  the 
State  Supreme  Court ;  and  died  at  Lancaster,  Ohio, 
April  19,  1842. 

Irvine,  "William,  was  born  at  Fermanagh,  Ire 
land,  November  3,  1741 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  Dublin  University;  studied 
medicine;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and  served  as 
surgeon  on  a  British  man-of-war;  immigrated  to  the 
United  States,  and  located  at  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania, 
1763;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Revolutionary  con 
ventions  1764-1776;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army 
as  colonel  of  the  Sixth  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  and 
commanded  it  in  the  expedition  against  Canada, 
where  he  was  captured  June  16,  1776,  and  remained 
a  prisoner  of  war  until  exchanged  May  6,  1778;  was 
appointed  brigadier-general  May  12,  1779,  and  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  a  delegate  frcm 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Continental  Congress  1786-1788; 
commanded  the  State  troops  in  subduing  the  Whiskey 
Insurrection  1794;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795;  removed  to 
Philadelphia,  where  he  was  superintendent  of  mili 
tary  stores;  died  at  Philadelphia  July  29,  1804. 

Irvine,  William,  resided  at  Corning,  Steuben 
County;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,382  votes  against  6,568  votes  for  Bradley, 
Democrat,  and  1,651  votes  for  Deniston,  American, 
serving  from  December  5, 1859,  to  March  3, 1861. 

Irving,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  New  York  Au 
gust  16,  1766;  received  a  good  English  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  engaged  in  the 
fur  trade  with  the  Indians  on  the  Mohawk  River 
1787-1791;  was  a  merchant  in  New- York  City;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Egbert  Benson, 
resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a  majority  of  376 
votes  over  Peter  A.  Jay,  Federalist ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  January  22,  1814,  to  1818,  when  he  resigned  in 
consequence  of  declining  health ;  died  at  New- York 
City  of  a  lingering  illness  November  9,  1821.  He 
contributed  several  essays  and  poems  to  "Salma 
gundi,"  published  by  his  brother,  Washington  Irving. 

Irwin,  Jared,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Irwin,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Uniontown;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 

3,  1831 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  United- 
States  judge  for  the  Western  District  of  Pennsyl 
vania. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


465 


Irwin,  William  W.,  was  born  at  Pittsburg, 

Pennsylvania ;  received  an  academic  education ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  charge  d'affaires 
to  Denmark  March  3,  1843-June  12,  1847;  died  at 
Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  September  15,  1856. 

Isacks,  Jacob  C.,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Pennsylvania;  removed  to  Winchester,  Ten 
nessee  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Eighteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1823, 
to  March  2,  1833;  was  defeated  by  500  votes  as  a 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-third  Congress  by  John  B. 
Forester. 

Ittner,  Anthony,  was  born  at  Lebanon,  Warren 
County,  Ohio,  October  8, 1837 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  became  a  bricklayer  and  builder; 
served  as  a  private  in  Company  G  of  the  National 
Guards,  called  into  service  during  Price's  raid  in 
1864;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  City  Council  of 
St.  Louis  in  April,  1867,  and  was  re-elected  in  April, 
1868 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Lower  House  of 
the  General  Assembly  of  Missouri  in  the  fall  of  1868, 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1870,  and  re-elected  to  the 
latter  body  in  1874;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  7,043  votes  against  6,834  votes 
for  E.  C.  Kehr,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Iverson,  Alfred,  was  born  in  Burke  County, 
Georgia,  December  3,  1798;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1820; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Columbus ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  for  three  years,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  for  one  year;  was  judge  of  the 
State  Supreme  Court  for  seven  years ;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  f>,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Georgia,  serving  from 
December  3,  1855,  to  January  28,  1861,  when  he 
retired  from  the  Senate ;  was  an  ardent  advocate  of 
secession;  served  in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as 
colonel  of  a  Georgia  regiment,  and  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  in  November,  1862 ;  died  at  Macon, 
Georgia,  March  5,  1874. 

Ives,  Willard,  was  born  at  Watertown,  New 
York,  July  7,  1806;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,477  votes  against 
5",058  votes  for  Clarke,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Izard,  Ralph,  was  born  near  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  in  1742;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Cambridge  University,  England;  was 
elected  by  the  Continental  Congress  commissioner  to 
Tuscany  May  7,  1777,  and,  as  he  did  not  get  beyond 
Paris,  was  recalled  June  8,  1779;  pledged  his  large 
estate  in  South  Carolina  for  the  payment  for  ships 
of  war;  was  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1781-1783 ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  South  Carolina,  serving 
from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1795;  died  near 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  May  30,  1804. 

Jack,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  Brookville;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March 
3,  1843. 

Jacks,  T.  M.,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
the  First  District  of  Arkansas  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  in  March,  1864,  as  a  Unionist,  receiving 
2,985  votes  against  15  votes  cast  for  others;  the 
House  committee  on  elections  reported  in  favor  of 
giving  him  the  seat  February  17, 1865,  but  the  House 


refused  to  take  action  on  the  resolution,  voting  him, 
on  the  3d  of  March,  1865,  $2,000  for  compensation, 
expenses,  and  mileage. 

Jackson,  Andrew,  was  born  in  the  Waxhaw 
settlement,  North  Carolina,  March  15, 1767;  his  edu 
cation  was  limited,  and  he  was  passionately  fond  of 
athletic  sports;  accompanying  the  militia  of  his 
neighborhood,  he  was  captured  by  the  British,  and 
brutally  struck  by  an  officer  whose  boots  he  refused 
to  clean ;  left  destitute  by  the  death  of  his  mother, 
he  worked  for  a  time  in  a  saddler's  shop,  and  after 
wards  taught  school;  studied  law  at  Salisbury,  North 
Carolina,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  before  he  was 
twenty  years  of  age ;  was  appointed  in  1788  solicitor 
of  the  Western  District  of  North  Carolina,  embracing 
what  is  now  the  State  of  Tennessee;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  which  met  in  1796  to  frame  a  con 
stitution  for  the  new  State;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1786,  until 
March  3,  1797;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator, 
serving  from  November  22,  1797,  until  he  resigned  in 
April,  1798;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  of  Tennessee,  serving  1798-1804;  entered  into 
mercantile  pursuits,  dealing  in  cotton,  wheat,  horses, 
and  mules;  served  in  the  Creek  war  of  1813,  and  was 
commissioned  major-general  in  the  United-States 
army  May  31, 1814;  captured  Florida,  then  a  Spanish 
province  occupied  by  the  British,  and  then  led  his 
army  to  New  Orleans,  where  he  defeated  the  British 
January  8,  1815;  commanded  an  expedition  which 
captured  Florida  in  1817;  was  governor  of  Florida 
March  10,  1821-July  18,  1821 ;  was  offered  and  de 
clined  the  position  of  minister  to  Mexico;  was  grand 
master  of  Masons  in  Tennessee  1822-1823;  was  again 
elected  a  United-States  senator,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1823,  to  1825,  when  he  resigned ;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  President  in  1824; 
Avas  elected  President,  and  re-elected,  serving  from 
March  4,  1829,  to  March  3,  1837;  retired  to  the  Her 
mitage,  his  estate,  near  Nashville,  Tennessee,  where 
he  died  January  8,  1845. 

Jackson,  David,  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1785-1786. 

Jackson,  David  S.,  was  born  in  New- York 
City ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,071  votes  against 
5,928  votes  for  James  Monroe,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  to  April  19,  1848,  when  his  seat, 
having  been  contested  by  James  Monroe,  was  de 
clared  vacant  by  the  House,  and  Horace  Greeley  was 
elected  to  fill  it. 

Jackson,  Ebenezer,  jun.,  was  born  in  Con 
necticut;  resided  at  Middletown ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (in  place  of  Samuel  A.  Foot,  resigned)  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  16,178  votes  against  15,920  votes  for 
Samuel  Ingham,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1835. 

Jackson,  Edward  B.,  was  born  in  Harrison 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  medicine;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and 
practised  at  Clarksburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of 
James  Pindall,  resigned);  was  re-elected  to  the  Sev 
enteenth  Congress,  receiving  1,237  votes  against  721 
votes  for  Lefler,  and  62  votes  for  Mark  A.  Chilton, 
serving  from  November  13,  1820,  to  March  3,  1823; 
died  at  Clarksburg,  Virginia,  September  8,  1826. 

Jackson,  George,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1797 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Sixth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March 
3,  1803. 

Jackson,  Jabez,  was  born  in  Georgia;  resided 
at  Clarksville;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


466 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Georgia  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Union 
Democrat  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  30,881  votes 
against  28,128  votes  for  Thomas  F.  Foster,  State- 
rights  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  29,227  votes  against  28,273  votes 
for  Joseph  W.  Jackson,  State-rights  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Jackson,  James,  was  born  in  Devonshire,  Eng 
land,  in  1757,  and  immigrated  to  Georgia  in  1772;  re 
ceived  the  masonic  degrees  in  King  Solomon's  Lodge 
at  Savannah  in  1775;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  captain,  became  brigade-major  in  1778,  and 
commander  of  the  Georgia  legionary  forces  in  1781 ; 
fought  a  duel  with  Lieutenant-Governor  Wells  in 
1780,  and  killed  him,  but  was  wounded  in  both  knees ; 
received  the  keys  of  Savannah  when  the  British  evac 
uated  that  city  July  12,  1782;  was  presented  with  a 
house  at  Savannah  by  the  Assembly  of  the  State  of 
Georgia;  was  grand  master  of  Masons  in  Georgia 
1786-1789;  was  a  member  of  the  convention  which 
adopted  the  first  State  Constitution  of  Georgia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  First 
Congress,  serving  from  April  20,  1189,  to  March  3, 
1791 ;  he  contested  the  seat  of  Anthony  Wayne  in  the 
Second  Congress,  and  it  was  declared  vacant  by  the 
House  March  21,  1792;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Georgia,  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
to  1795,  when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  Georgia 
1798-1801 ;  was  again  elected  a  senator,  serving  from 
December  7,  1801,  to  March  19,  1806,  when  he  died 
at  Washington  City. 

Jackson,  James,  was  born  in  Jefferson  County, 
Georgia,  in  1819;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1837 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Athens  in  1840;  was  secretary  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1842;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1845,  and  re-elected  in  1847 ;  was 
chosen  by  the  legislature  judge  of  the  Western  Judi 
cial  Circuit  in  1843;  was  elected  by  the  people  in 
1853,  and  again  in  1857,  to  the  same  office,  but  re 
signed  in  June,  1857;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  7,751  votes  against  5,956  votes  for 
Simmons,  Independent  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,644  votes 
against  3,251  votes  for  Lytle,  Opposition,  serving 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  January  23,  1861,  when 
he  retired  from  the  House. 

Jackson,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Madison 
County,  Kentucky,  in  1822 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  which  was  completed  at  Centre  College ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Greenupsburg,  removing  afterwards  to 
Hopkinsville ;  fought  several  duels,  one  of  them  with 
Thomas  F.  Marshall ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as 
a  captain  of  mounted  volunteers;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
fress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving  9,281  votes  against 
,364  votes  for  Bunch,  Secessionist;  raised  a  com 
pany  of  cavalry  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion;  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the 
Third  Kentucky  Cavalry;  took  his  seat  in  Congress 
July  4,  1861,  but  was  absent  in  the  field  much  of  the 
time;  was  promoted  to  be  brigadier-general  of  Union 
volunteers  July  10,  1862;  commanded  a  brigade  at 
the  battle  of  Perryville,  where  he  was  killed,  October 
8,  1862. 

Jackson,  John  George,  was  born  in  Virginia 
in  1774;  received  an  English  education;  was  ap 
pointed  a  surveyor  of  public  lands  in  what  is  now  the 
State  of  Ohio  in  1793;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  of  Virginia  1797-1801 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth, 
Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  March 
3,  1807,  to  1810,  when  he  resigned ;  he  fought  a  duel 
with  Joseph  Pearson,  representative  from  North 
Carolina,  near  Washington.  December  4,  1809,  and 
wounded  him  on  the  second  fire ;  was  again  elected 


a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1811;  was  chosen  brigadier-general  of  militia;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  declined  a  re-elec 
tion  ;  was  appointed  by  President  Madison  judge  of 
the  Western  District  of  Virginia  in  1819,  and  held 
the  office  until  his  death  at  Clarksburg,  Virginia, 
in  1825. 

Jackson,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts,  June  4,  1743;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1761 ;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  with  his  father-in-law,  Patrick 
Tracy,  at  NeM'buryport ;  was  a  member  of  the  Pro 
vincial  Congress  in  1775,  and  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  in  1777 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1782;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1789;  was  United-States  marshal 
for  the  district  of  Massachusetts;  was  president  of 
the  State  Bank;  and  died  at  Boston  March  5,  1810. 
He  published  "Thoughts  upon  the  Political  Situa 
tion  of  the  United  States"  1788,  and  other  political 
essays. 

Jackson,  Joseph  W.,  was  born  in  Georgia; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  municipal  councils  of  Savan 
nah,  and  for  two  years  mayor  of  that  city;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  and  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (in  place  of 
Thomas  Butler  King,  resigned)  as  a  State-rights 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,279  votes  against  3,011  votes  for 
Hopkins,  Union,  serving  from  March  4,  1850,  to 
March  3,  1853;  declined  a  re-election;  died  at  Sa 
vannah,  Georgia,  of  the  yellow-fever,  September  20, 
1854. 

Jackson,  Richard,  jun.,  was  born  in  Rhode 
Island  in  1764 ;  received  a  good  English  education ; 
engaged  in  domestic  manufactures  and  mercantile 
pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode 
Island  in  the  Tenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Nehemiah 
Knight,  deceased);  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Elev 
enth,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  November  11,  1808,  to  March  2,  1815;  died  at 
Providence,  Rhode  Island,  April  18,  1838. 

Jackson,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  on  Long  Is 
land,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1833-1835;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Jackson,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
September  6, 1783 ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
engaged  in  business  pursuits;  was  one  of  the  first  to 
engage  in  the  construction  of  railroads  in  Massachu 
setts;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1829-1832;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig 
on  the  second  trial,  receiving  2,872  votes  against  1,860 
votes  for  Dearborn,  684  votes  for  Thurbur,  and  236 
scattering  votes ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  March  17,  1834,  to  March  3, 
1837 ;  declined  a  renomination ;  was  president  of  the 
Newton  Bank;  died  at  Newton,  Massachusetts,  Feb 
ruary  27,  1855. 

Jackson,  W.  T.,  was  born  at  Chester,  New 
York,  December  29,  1794;  received  a  public-school 
education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Ha 
vana,  New  York;  was  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and 
subsequently  county-judge  of  Orange  County  ^for 
four  years;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  6,444  votes  against  6,396  votes  for  Wisner,  Demo 
crat,  and  3,117  for  Hathaway,  Cass  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Jacobs,  Israel,  was  born  in  Germany;  removed 
when  a  lad  to  the  United  States;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Second  Con- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


467 


gress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  2, 
171*3. 

Jacobs,  Orange,  was  born  in  Genesee  County. 
New  York,  in  1829;  removed  to  the  new  Territory  of 
Michigan  in  1832,  where  he  received  his  education ; 
is  a  lawyer ;  removed  to  the  new  Territory  of  Oregon 
in  1852.  remaining  there  until  1859;  was  appointed 
one  of  the  associate  justices  of  Washington  Territory 
in  the  spring  of  1869,  and  held  that  office  for  nearly 
a  year;  was  then  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Terri 
tory,  and  re-appointed  at  the  expiration  of  four  years, 
which  position  he  occupied  when  elected  a  delegate 
from  Washington  Territory  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  4,765  votes  against 
3,505  votes  for  Sharpslie,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  238 
majority  over  John  P.  Judson,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875. 

James,  Amaziah  B.,  was  born  at  Stephentown, 
New  York,  July  1.  1812;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  removed  in  1814  to  Sweden,  Monroe  County; 
studied  law  in  Ogdensburg;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  January,  1838,  and  commenced  practice  at  Ogdens 
burg;  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  in 
1853,  and  resigned  in  1870;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  17.275  votes  against  8,756  votes 
for  Magone,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15, 1877. 

James,  Charles  Tillinghast,  was  born  at 
West  Greenwich,  Rhode  Island,  in  1804;  received  a 
public-school  education;  learned  the  carpenter's 
trade,  and  at  an  early  age  manifested  extraordinary 
mechanical  talent;  became  superintendent  of  Slaters 
steam  cotton-mill  at  Providence ;  was  chosen  major- 
general  of  the  militia  of  Rhode  Island ;  received  the 
honorary  degree  of  A.M.  at  Brown  University  in 
1838 ;  superintended  the  construction  of  steam  cotton- 
mills  atNewburyport  and  Salem,  and  furnished  plans 
for  other  mills  in  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Indiana, 
and  Tennessee;  built  the  Atlantic  De  Laine  Mill  at 
Olneyville,  Rhode  Island ;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Rhode  Island  as  a  Protective  Tariff 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1857;  he  invented  a  rifled  cannon,  and  lost  his  life 
while  experimenting  with  one  at  Sag  Harbor  October 
17, 1862.  He  published  pamphlets  on  the  cultivation 
and  manufacture  of  cotton  at  the  South,  and  on  rifled 
cannon. 

James,  Francis,  was  born  at  West  Chester, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1831),  to  March  3,  1843. 

Jameson,  John,  was  born  in  Kentucky ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fulton, 
Missouri;  held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843.  to  March  3,  1845;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 
1847.  to  March  3,  1849. 

Janes,  Henry  F.,  was  born  at  Brimfield,  Mas 
sachusetts,  October  10,  1792;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law  at  Burlington,  Vermont;  was 
a*dmitted  to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Waterbury,  Vermont;  was  postmaster  at  Water- 
bury  1820-1830;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
tive  council  1830-18.^4;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place 
of  Benjamin  F.  Deming,  deceased)  as  a  Whig  and 
anti-Mason,  defeating  Isaac  Fletcher,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2, 1834,  to  March  3, 1837;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  anti-Masonic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  by  Isaac  Fletcher,  Democrat;  was  State 
treasurer  of  Vermont  1838-1841 ;  was  a  member  of 


the  State  Council  of  Censors  in  1848;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1855. 

Jarnagin,  Spencer,  was  born  in  Granger  Coun 
ty,  Tennessee ;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Greenville  College  in  1813;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Athens,  Tennessee;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Tennessee  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  died  at 
Memphis,  Tennessee,  June  24,  1851. 

Jarvis,  Leonard,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
October  19,  1781;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1800;  was  sheriff 
of  Hancock  County,  Maine,  1821-1829;  was  collector 
of  customs  for  the  Penobscot  District  1829-1830;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses,  sen-ing  from  December  6, 1830,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  in  1835  he  challenged  F.  O.  J.  Smith 
(a  Democratic  colleague  from  the  Portland  district), 
who  refused  to  accept;  was  navy  agent  of  the  port  of 
Boston  1838-1841 ;  removed  to  Surry,  Maine,  and  died 
there  September  18, 1854. 

Jay,  John,  was  born  at  New  York  December  1 
(old  style),  1745;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1764;  studied  law 
under  Mr.  Kissam;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1768; 
entered  into  partnership  with  R.  R.  Livingston,  and 
soon  attained  a  large  practice;  was  a  delegate  from 
New  York  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1777 
and  1778-1779,  but  was  recalled  for  some  months  in 
1776  to  aid  in  forming  the  State  Constitution  of  New 
York,  and  was  consequently  absent  when  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence  was  adopted ;  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  May,  1777, 
and  resigned  when  elected  president  of  Congress 
December  10,  1778;  was  appointed  minister  pleni 
potentiary  to  Spain  September  27, 1779;  was  appoint 
ed  one  of  the  ministers  to  negotiate  peace  with  Great 
Britain  June  14,  1781,  and  signed  the  treaty  at  Paris 
Septembers,  1783;  was  appointed  one  of  the  minis 
ters  to  negotiate  commercial  treaties  with  European 
powers  May  1,  1783 ;  returned  to  New  York  in  July, 
1784;  was  appointed  secretary  of  foreign  affairs  De 
cember,  1784;  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the 
United  States  September  24,  1789;  was  the  Federal 
candidate  for  governor  of  the  State  of  New  York  in 
1792,  but  was  defeated  by  George  Clinton,  Democrat ; 
was  appointed  envoy  extraordinary  to  Great  Britain 
April  IS),  1794,  and  served  until  April  8,  1795;  was 
governor  of  the  State  of  New  York  1795-1801 ;  de 
clined  re-election,  and  also  re-appointment  as  chief 
justice  of  the  United  States ;  retired  to  his  farm  at 
Bedford,  near  New- York  City,  where  he  died  May  17, 
1829.  He  wrote  several  numbers  of  "The  Federal 
ist."  and  many  able  state  papers. 

Jayne,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  Springfield,  Illi 
nois.  October  8,  1826;  received  a  thorough  English 
education ;  studied  medicine ;  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice,  and  practised  for  eleven  years;  was  elected 
mayor  of  Springfield  in  1859  and  1861 ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  governor  of  Dakota  Territory, 
serving  in  1801  and  1802;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Dakota  Territory  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  June 
13,  1864,  when  he  vacated  his  seat,  which  had  been 
successfully  contested  by  John  B.  S.  Todd. 

Jefferson,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Shad  well, 
Virginia,  April  2,  1743;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  which  he  completed  at  the  college  of  William 
and  Mary;  -studied  law  with  George  Wythe;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1767 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of  Burgesses 
1769-1774 ;  was  prominent  in  pre-Revolutionary  move 
ments  ;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  serving  1775-1778 ;  was  governor  of 
Virginia  1779-1781;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1782 ;  was  again  a  delegate 


468 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


to  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783;  was  appoint 
ed  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Europe,  and  afterwards 
to  France  alone,  serving  1784-1789;  was  secretary  of 
state  of  the  United  States  March,  1790-December  3, 
1793;  was  elected  Vice-President  of  the  United 
States,  receiving  68  of  the  140  votes  cast,  serving 
March  4,  1797-March  3,  1801;  received  73  of  the 
128  electoral  votes  cast  for  President  of  the  United 
States  in  1801,  and,  Aaron  Burr  having  received  the 
same  number,  the  election  was  carried  into  the  House 
of  Representatives,  where  Jefferson  was  elected  on 
the  thirty-sixth  ballot;  was  re-elected  President  in 
1805,  receiving  102  of  the  176  electoral  votes  cast; 
was  President  of  the  United  States,  serving  March  4, 
1801-March  3,  1809 ;  retired  to  his  estate  called  Mon- 
ticello ;  took  an  active  part  in  founding  the  present 
University  of  Virginia;  and  died  at  Monticello  July 
4,  1826.  He  published  "Notes  on  Virginia,"  a 
"  Manual  of  Parliamentary  Practice,"  a  "  Life  of 
Captain  Lewis,"  and  a  number  of  papers  on  legisla 
tive,  philosophical,  and  agricultural  topics.  Portions 
of  his  manuscripts  have  been  edited  by  H.  A.  Wash 
ington,  T.  J.  Randolph,  G.  Tucker,  and  H.  S.  Ran 
dall. 

Jenckes,  Thomas  A.,  was  born  at  Cumber 
land,  Rhode  Island,  November  2,  1818;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Brown  University 
in  1838 ;  was  afterwards  a  tutor  there,  studying  law 
at  the  same  time  with  Samuel  Y.  Atwell ;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1840,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Providence;  was  a  clerk  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1840-1844 ;  was  one  of  the 
secretaries  of  the  Landholders'  Convention  of  1841 ; 
was  secretary  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1842 ;  was  adjutant-general  of  Rhode  Island  1845- 
1855 ;  served  in  one  or  the  other  House  of  the  State 
legislature  1854-1859 ;  was  one  of  the  commissioners 
to  revise  the  laws  of  the  State  in  1855;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,532  votes 
against  4,616  votes  for  Bradley,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  5,683 
votes  without  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forti 
eth  Congress  without  opposition;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,995  votes  against 
4,080  votes  for  Arnold,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  defeated  as  a 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  1,965  votes  against  4,962  votes  for  B.  T. 
Eames,  Republican,  1,040  votes  for  T.  Davis,  Repub 
lican,  1,380  votes  for  N.  Van  Slyck,  Democrat,  and 
370  scattering ;  died  on  the  estate  where  he  was  born, 
at  Cumberland,  Rhode  Island,  November  4,  1875. 
He  was  a  contributor  to  "The  Providence  Journal," 
and.  while  in  Congress,  wrote  able  reports  on  "The 
Bankrupt  Law,"  "  Civil  Service,"  "  The  Ventilation 
of  the  Capitol,"  and  other  subjects. 

Jenifer,  Daniel,  of  St.  Thomas  (father  of  Daniel 
Jenifer),  was  born  in  Maryland  1723;  took  an  active 
part  in  the  pre-Revolutionary  movements;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778- 
1782 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  National 
Constitutional  Convention;  and  died  November  6, 
1790. 

Jenifer,  Daniel  (son  of  Daniel  Jenifer),  was 
born  in  Maryland;  received  a  liberal  education;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  a  local  magistrate;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2, 
1833;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  by  John  T.  Stoddert,  Demo 
crat;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress,  defeating  Stoddert,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  without  opposition,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  521  majority,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1841 ;  was  minister  to  Austria  August  27, 
1841-July  7, 1845;  died  December  18,  1855,  near  Port 
Tobacco,  Maryland, 


Jenkins,  Albert  G.,  was  born  in  Cabell  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  November  10,  1830;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Jefferson  College,  Pennsyl 
vania;  studied  law  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never  practised ; 
devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Cin 
cinnati  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,758  votes  against  6,653  votes  for  Carlisle, 
American;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  9,038  votes  against  7.228  votes 
for  Laidley,  Opposition,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia 
to  the  Provisional  Confederate  Congress  in  1861; 
entered  the  Confederate  service ;  was  appointed  brig 
adier-general  August  5,  1862,  and  placed  in  com 
mand  of  a  cavalry  brigade  in  the  army  of  Northern 
Virginia;  was  killed  in  action  at  Dublin,  Virginia, 
May  7,  1864. 

Jenkins,  Lemuel,  was  born  at  Bloomingbnrg, 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Jenkins,  Robert,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in 
the  Tenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3, 
1811. 

Jenkins,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Barre,  Massa 
chusetts,  January  29,  1799;  received  an  academical 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1824,  and  commenced  practice  at  Oneida  Castle,  New 
York;  was  district-attorney  for  Oneida  County  1839- 
1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,617  votes  against  7,094  votes  for  White,  Whig,  and 
1,086  votes  for  Allen,  American ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress  by  O.  B. 
Mattcson,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  7,828  votes  against  7,711  votes  for 
Matteson,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1853 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-third  Congress  by  O.  B.  Matte- 
son,  Whig;  died  at  Martinsburg,  New  York,  Decem 
ber  24,  1859. 

Jenks,  George  A.,  was  born  in  Jefferson  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  March  26,  1836;  learned  the  car 
penter  and  joiner's  trade;  taught  school  eighteen 
months;  graduated  at  Jefferson  College  in  August, 
1858;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  Febru 
ary  16,  1859,  and  commenced  practice  at  Brookville ; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  11,627  votes  against  11,109  votes  for  Harry  White, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Jenks,  Michael  Hutchinson,  was  born  at 
Bridgetown  Mills,  near  Middletown,  Pennsylvania, 
May  21,  1795;  received  an  academical  education; 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits,  but  afterwards  be 
came  a  surveyor,  conveyancer,  and  real-estate  agent; 
was  a  commissioner  of  Bucks  County  1830-1833;  was 
treasurer  of  Bucks  County  1833-1S35;  removed  to 
Newtown,  Bucks  County,  in  1837 ;  was  associate  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Bucks  County 
183S-1S43 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,750  votes  against  5,110  votes  for  John 
Davis,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1845;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  by  Jacob  Erdman; 
resumed  his  business  as  conveyancer  and  real-estate 
agent ;  was  elected  chief  burgess  of  Newtown,  which 
office  he  held  for  many  years ;  and  died  at  Newtowu, 
Pennsylvania,  October  16,  1867. 

Jenness,  Benning  "W.,  was  born  at  Strafford, 
New  Hampshire;  received  an  academic  education; 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


469 


was  judge  of  probate  for  Strafford  County  1841-1845 ; 
was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  New 
Hampshire  (in  place  of  Levi  Woodbury,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  June  22,  184(3, 
when  his  successor  took  his  seat. 

Jennings,  David,  was  born  in  Hunterdon  Coun 
ty,  New  Jersey ;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio;  held  several  local 
offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 1825, 
to  May  25,  1826,  when  he  resigned. 

Jennings,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  Hunterdon 
County,  New  Jersey ;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  emigrated  to  the  North-west  Territory,  and, 
when  the  Territory  of  Indiana  was  organized,  was  its 
first  delegate,  taking  his  seat  in  the  Eleventh  Con 
gress  after  some  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  November  27,  1809,  to  April  30,  1810; 
on  the  admission  of  Indiana  as  a  State  in  December, 
1816,  he  was  elected  governor,  serving  until  1822; 
was  appointed  Indian  commissioner  by  President 
Monroe  in  1818;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place  of 
William  Hendricks,  resigned),  and  was  successively 
re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth, 
and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
2,  1822,  to  March  3, 1831 ;  was  grand  master  of  Free- 
Masons  in  Indiana  in  1824;  died  near  Charlestown, 
Indiana,  July  26,  1834. 

Jewett,  Freeborn  GM  was  born  at  Skaneateles, 
New  York,  in  1790 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  law  with  Colonel  Samuel  Young;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Skaneateles  in  partnership  with  Honorable  James 
Porter;  was  surrogate  of  Onondaga  County  1824- 
1831 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833; 
was  appointed  a  puisne  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
March  5,  1845;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Appeals  in  1849,  and  re-elected  in  1853,  but  resigned 
in  1853  on  account  of  ill  health ;  died  at  Skaneateles, 
New  York,  February  23,  1858. 

Jewett,  Hugh  J.,  was  born  at  Deer  Creek, 
Maryland;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
studied  law  in  Cecil  County,  Maryland,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  removed  to  Ohio,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Columbus;  held  no  public  position  until 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,613  votes  against 
10,936  votes  for  J.  Taylor,  Republican;  served  from 
December  1, 1873,  until  the  close  of  the  first  session, 
June  23,  1874;  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of 
president  of  the  Erie  Railroad  Company. 

Jewett,  Joshua  H.,  was  born  at  Deer  Creek, 
Harford  County,  Maryland,  September  13,  1812;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Elizabethtown,  Kentucky;  was  county  prosecuting- 
attorney;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
7,377  votes  against  4,996  votes  for  Young,  American, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Jewett,  Luther,  was  born  at  Canterbury,  Con 
necticut,  December  24,  1772;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1795 ; 
studied  medicine,  and  commenced  practice  at  Putney, 
Vermont ;  was  for  fifteen  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Vermont  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  receiving  17,065  votes  against  16,957  votes 
for  William  Strong,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  removed  to  St.  Johns- 
bury;  studied  divinity;  was  pastor  of  a  church  at 
Newbury,  Vermont,  1821-1828;  returned  to  St.  Johns- 
bury;  published  "The  Farmer's  Herald"  1828-1832, 
and  "The  Freemason's  Friend"  1830-1832;  died  at 
St.  Johnsbury,  Vermont,  March  8,  1860. 


Johns,  Kensey  (father  of  Kensey  Johns,  jun.), 
was  born  at  New  Castle,  Delaware ;  received  a  classi 
cal  education  from  a  tutor;  studied  law,  and  prac 
tised  ;  was  chancellor  of  the  State  of  Delaware ;  was 
appointed  by  the  governor  of  Delaware  a  senator  for 
that  State  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  George  Read),  and  presented  his  credentials  March 
24,  1798;  the  committee  on  elections,  to  whom  the 
credentials  were  referred,  reported  on  the  28th  of 
March  that  he  was  not  entitled  to  a  seat  in  the  Sen 
ate,  a  session  of  the  legislature  of  Delaware  having 
intervened  between  the  resignation  of  Senator  Read 
and  his  appointment ;  the  Senate  sustained  the  report 
by  a  vote  of  20  yeas  against  7  nays. 

Johns,  Kensey,  jun.  (son  of  Kensey  Johns), 
was  born  at  New  Castle,  Delaware,  December  10, 
1791;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1810;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and  commenced  practice 
at  New  Castle,  Delaware ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Delaware  in  the  Twentieth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving 
744  votes  against  325  votes  for  Bayard,  serving  from 
December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  appointed 
chancellor  of  the  State  of  Delaware  in  1832,  and 
served  until  his  death  at  New  Castle,  Delaware, 
March  28,  1857. 

Johnson,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Raleigh,  North 
Carolina,  December  29,  1808;  extreme  poverty  pre 
vented  him  from  receiving  any  schooling,  and,  at  the 
age  of  ten,  he  was  apprenticed  to  a  tailor,  learning 
the  trade;  in  September,  1826,  he  removed  to  Ten 
nessee,  and  settled  at  Greenville,  where,  under  his 
wife's  instruction,  he  learned  to  read,  write,  and 
cipher;  he  organized  in  1828  a  working-men's  party, 
which  elected  him  alderman,  and  re-elected  him  the 
two  following  years ;  was  mayor  of  Greenville  1830- 
1833;  was  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  House  of 
Representatives  in  1835  and  1839;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren 
ticket  in  1840;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1841;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  5,495  votes  against  4,952  votes  for  Aiken, 
Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  defeating 
Taylor,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,068  votes  against  5,060  votes  for 
Taylor,  Whig,  and  404  votes  for  Campbell,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress, 
receiving  6,538  votes  against  4,844  votes  for  Hayns, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1853;  was  governor  of  Tennessee  1853-1857;  was  a 
United-States  senator  from  Tennessee,  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  until  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  to  be  military  governor  of  Tennessee 
March  4,  1862;  was  elected  Vice-President  of  the 
United  States  (on  the  Republican  ticket  with 
Abraham  Lincoln),  receiving  212  electoral  votes 
against  21  electoral  votes  for  G.  H.  Pendleton,  and 
was  inaugurated  March  4,  1865;  became  President 
after  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln  April 
15,  1865;  was  impeached,  and  acquitted  May  26, 
1868,  by  a  vote  of  35  guilty  against  19  not  guilty, 
and  served  until  March  3,  1869;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  United-States  Senate  before  the 
legislature  of  Tennessee  in  1870;  was  defeated  as  an 
independent  candidate  for  congressman-at-large  in 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  37,900  votes 
against  80,825  votes  for  Horace  Maynard,  Repub 
lican,  and  65,188  votes  for  B.  F.  Cheatham,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  again  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Tennessee  in  1875,  serving  at  the  special  session 
from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  24,  1875 ;  and  died  of 
heart-disease,  after  a  brief  illness,  at  the  residence  of 
his  daughter,  Mrs.  W.  R.  Brown,  in  Carter  County, 
Tennessee,  July  31,  1875.  His  speeches,  with  a 
memoir  of  him  by  Frank  Moore,  were  published  in 
1865. 

Johnson,  Cave,  was  born  in  Robertson  County, 


470 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Tennessee,  January  11, 1793;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Clarksville,  Tennessee; 
was  appointed  circuit-judge;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  John  II.  Marable;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  defeat 
ing  Richard  Cheatham,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  defeating  Richard  Cheatham 
and  John  H.  Marable;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  defeating  Richard  Cheat- 
ham,  serving  from  December  7, 1829,  to  March  3, 1837 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-f<w2lh  Congress  by  Richard  Cheatham,  who 
received  123  majority;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,704  votes  against 
3,309  votes  for  Richard  Cheatham,  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  defeating 
Richard  Cheatham;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  4,904  votes  against 
4,670  votes  for  Henry,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  appointed  postmaster- 
general  by  President  Polk,  serving  March  5,  1845- 
March  7, 1849;  was  president  of  the  State  Bank  of 
Tennessee  1850-1859;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
during  the  war  as  a  Unionist,  but  was  prevented  by 
feeble  health  from  taking  his  seat;  died  at  Clarks 
ville,  Tennessee,  November  13,  18GG. 

Johnson,  Charles,  was  born  in  Chowan  County, 
North  Carolina;  received  an  academic  education; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1781-1784, 1788, 
1790-1792 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1801,  until  his  death  in  1802. 

Johnson,  Francis,  was  born  in  Caroline  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  removed  to  Kentucky,  and  practised  at 
Bowling  Green;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of 
David  Walker,  deceased)  as  an  Adams  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  November  13, 
1820.  to  March  3, 1827;  removed  to  Louisville,  where 
he  died  December  14,  1851. 

Johnson,  Harvey  H.,  was  born  in  Vermont; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Ohio,  and  settled  at  Ashland;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  7,591  votes  against  4,703  votes 
for  Lockwood,  Whig,  and  3,030  votes  for  N.  S. 
Townshend,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853.  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  0,041  votes  against  8,788  votes  for  Philemon 
Bliss,  Republican. 

Johnson,  Henry,  was  born  in  Tennessee  Sep 
tember  14,  1783;  received  an  academical  education; 
removed  to  Louisiana;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bringiers; 
was  clerk  of  the  Territorial  Court  in  1809;  was  judge 
of  the  Parish  Court  in  1811 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1812;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  National  House  of 
Representatives  by  Thomas  B.  Robertson  in  1812; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Louisiana 
(in  place  of  William  C.  C.  Claiborne,  deceased,  who 
never  took  his  seat),  and  was  re-elected,  serving 
from  February  26,  1818,  to  May  27,  1824,  when  he 
resigned;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the 
United-States  Senate  by  Edward  Livingston  in  1829; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  Edward  D. 
White,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  receiving  375  majority 
over  Gayarre  and  Nicholls,  Democrats;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
510  majority  over  White,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  without  opposition, 
serving  from  December  i,  1834,  to  March  3,  1839; 


was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in 
1842  by  A.  Moutou,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  a 
senator  (in  place  of  Alexander  Porter,  deceased), 
serving  from  March  4,  1844,  to  March  3,  1849 ;  died 
at  Point  Coupee,  Louisiana,  September  4,  1804. 

Johnson,  Herschel  V.,  was  born  in  Burke 
County,  Georgia,  September  18,  1812:  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Franklin  College 
in  1834;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Augusta,  removing  to  Jeffer 
son  County  in  1839,  and  from  there  to  Milledgeville 
in  1844;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from 
Georgia  (in  place  of  Walter  T.  Colquitt,  resigned), 
serving  from  February  14,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849; 
was  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  November,  1849- 
August,  1853;  was  governor  of  Georgia  1853-1857; 
was  defeated  as  candidate  for  Vice-President  on  the 
Douglas  Democratic  ticket,  receiving  12  electoral 
votes  against  180  electoral  votes  for  Hamlin,  72 
electoral  votes  for  Lane,  and  39  electoral  votes  for 
Everett;  was  a  senator  from  Georgia  in  the  Second 
Confederate  Congress. 

Johnson,  James,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  an  English  education;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  15,  1813,  to  February  1, 
1820,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of 
collector  of  customs  of  the  port  of  Norfolk ;  died  at 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  December  7,  1825. 

Johnson,  James  (brother  of  Richard  M.  John 
son),  was  born  in  Orange  County,  Virginia,  January 
1,  1774;  was  taken  by  his  parents  to  Kentucky  when 
he  was  five  years  of  age,  and  grew  up  inured  to  the 
dangers  and  hardships  of  frontier  life  on  "  the  dark 
and  bloody  ground;"  served  as  second  in  command 
to  his  brother  (Colonel  R.  M.  Johnson)  during  the 
war  of  1812,  and  commanded  the  right  wing  of  the 
United-States  forces  in  the  battle  of  the  Thames 
October  5,  1813 ;  was  a  large  contractor  for  supplying 
the  troops  on  the  Mississippi  and  Missouri  Rivers  in 
1819-1820;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  served  from  December  5,  1825,  until  his  death, 
of  fever,  at  Great  Crossings,  Kentucky,  August  14, 
1826. 

Johnson,  James,  was  born  in  Robinson  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1811;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  State  University  in  1832; 
taught  school;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Columbus,  Georgia; 
was  prosecuting-attorney;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Unionist,  receiving  8,107  votes  against  6,985  votes 
for  Boning,  Calhoun  Democrat;  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  appointed 
provisional  governor  of  Georgia  by  President  John 
son  in  1805 ;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Savannah 
1860-1809 ;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court 
of  Georgia  in  1870. 

Johnson,  James  A.,  was  born  at  Spartanburg, 
South  Carolina,  May  16,  1829;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  studied  medicine  and  law;  re 
moved  to  California,  where  he  practised  law  .at 
Downieville;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
California  in  1859-1800;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  California  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  14,707  votes  against  14,394  votes  for 
Hartshorn,  Union  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
15,778  votes  against  15,490  votes  for  Harrison,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4, 1807,  to  March  3, 1871. 

Johnson,  James  H.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at 
Bath;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1839; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Council  in  1842  and  in 
1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 


STATISTICAL  S1LSTCHES. 


471 


to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  by  about  1,300  majority, 
serving  from  December  1, 1845,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Johnson,  James  L.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Owensborough ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  8,035  votes  against  3,878  votes  for 
Peyton,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851;  committed  suicide  while  suffering 
under  mental  depression  caused  by  ill  health,  at 
Owensborough,  February  12,  1877. 

Johnson,  J.  M.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  the  Third  District  of  Arkansas  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  in  March,  1804,  as  a  Unionist,  re 
ceiving  over  4,000  votes;  the  House  Committee  on 
Elections  reported  in  favor  of  giving  him  the  seat  Feb 
ruary  17,  1805,  but  the  House  refused  to  take  action 
on  the  resolution,  voting  him,  on  the  3d  of  March, 
1865,  82,000  for  compensation,  expenses  and  mileage. 

Johnson,  Jeromus,  was  born  in  King's  County, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  New- York  City;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3,  1829;  removed  to  Goshen,  Orange  County,  and 
died  there  September  7,  1846. 

Johnson,  John,  was  born  in  Tyrone  County, 
Ireland,  in  1808 ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
immigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1824,  and  settled 
at  Coshocton,  Ohio,  where  he  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  an  Independent,  receiving  5,458 
votes  against  5,156  votes  for  Hoagland,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Johnson,  John  T.,  was  born  in  Scott  County, 
Kentucky;  received  an  academical  education;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Georgetown ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  defeating  Thomas 
A.  Grimes;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3, 
1825;  was  appointed  a  judge  in  the  new  Court  of 
Appeals  April  20, 1826;  was  for  thirty  years  a  preach 
er  of  the  gospel  without  pay;  died  at  Lexington,  Mis 
souri.  December  18,  1857. 

Johnson,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
New  York,  December  19, 1785,  and,  when  fifteen  years 
of  age,  removed  with  his  mother  and  a  younger 
brother  to  Bridgeport,  Virginia  (now  West  Virginia), 
where  he  resided  for  more  than  seventy  years ;  worked 
on  a  f arm,  and  educated  himself ;  served  in  the  war 
of  1812  as  captain  of  a  volunteer  company  of  rifle 
men  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  a  ma 
jority  of  651  votes  over  P.  Doddridge,  serving  from 
December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  378  votes  against  792  votes  for  Isaac 
Leffler,  and  118  votes  for  Haymond ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (in  place  of  Philip 
Doddridge.  deceased),  serving  from  January  21, 1833, 
to  March  2,  1833;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  defeating  J.  J.  Allen,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
2.087  votes  against  1,574  votes  for  John  S.  Jackson, 
Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
defeating  Shinn,  Democrat,  and  Camden,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841 ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  Baltimore  in  1844;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  300  majority  over 
G.  W.  Summers,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1847;  was  governor  of  Virginia  1852-1856; 
was  a  supporter  of  the  Southern  Confederacy  1861- 
1865;  died  at  Bridgeport,  West  Virginia,  February 
27, 1877.  He  had  shaken  hands  with  every  President 
from  Washington  to  Johnson  inclusive. 


Johnson,  Noadiah,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York ;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Delhi;  was  district-attorney;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1837-1839;  died  while  a  State  sena 
tor  at  Albany,  New  York,  April  4,  1839. 

Johnson,  Perley  B.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  re 
sided  at  McConnellsville;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,658  votes  against  4,410  votes  for 
Barker,  Democrat,  and  69  votes  for  Buckingham, 
Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1845. 

Johnson,  Philip,  was  born  in  Warren  County, 
New  Jersey,  January  17,  1818;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Pennsylvania  in  1839 ;  received  a  classical 
education  at  Lafayette  College ;  taught  school  at  the 
South  for  two  years;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1848,  and  commenced  practice  at  Easton, 
Pennsylvania ;  was  clerk  of  the  county  courts ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1853  and  1854 ;  was  revenue  commissioner  of  the 
Third  Judicial  District  in  1860;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,208  votes 
against  9,096  votes  for  Shoemaker,  Republican ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
11,676  votes  against  2,592^-otes  for  Rouch,  Repub 
lican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  13,007  votes  against  6,384  votes  for  Sel- 
fridge,  Republican,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
January  29, 1867,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Johnson,  Reverdy,  was  born  at  Annapolis, 
Maryland,  May  21,  1796;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  St.  John's  College;  studied  law 
with  his  father,  Chief  Justice  Johnson ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  commenced  practice  at  An 
napolis,  where  he  was  appointed  State's  attorney; 
removed  to  Baltimore  in  1817;  was  chief  commis 
sioner  of  insolvent  debtors  1820-1821 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Maryland  1821-1827;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Maryland  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  7, 
1849;  was  appointed  by  President  Taylor  attorney- 
general,  sen-ing  March  7,  1849-July  20,  1850;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Peace  Convention  in  February,  1861 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1861 ;  was  again  elected  United-States  senator, 
serving  from  March  4,  1863,  to  July  10,  1808;  was 
minister  to  England  1868-1869;  died  from  injuries 
received  by  a  fall  at  Annapolis,  Maryland,  February 
10,  1876.  He  partially  edited  seven  volumes  of  the 
Reports  of  the  Maryland  Court  of  Appeals  1820-1827. 

Johnson,  Richard  Mentor  (brother  of  James 
Johnson),  was  born  at  Bryant's  Station,  Kentucky, 
October  17,  1781;  received  a  classical  education  at 
Transylvania  University;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Great  Crossings ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1805;  served  in  the  Avar  of  1812  as  colonel  of  volun 
teer  cavalry,  distinguishing  himself  in  a  skirmish  at 
Chatham,  Canada,  October  4,  1813,  and  in  the  battle 
of  the  Thames  October  5,  1813 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,*  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Elev 
enth  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  October 
26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1813 ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  March 
7,  1814,  to  March  3, 1819:  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Kentucky  (in  place  of  John  J.  Critten- 
den,  resigned),  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  Jan 
uary  3,  1820,  to  March  3.  1829;  was  again  elected  a 
representative  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  chosen  Vice-Presideut 


472 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


of  the  United  States  by  the  Senate,  no  candidate 
having  received  a  majority  of  the  electoral  vote, 
serving  from  March  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  Vice-Presi 
dent  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in  1840,  receiving  48 
electoral  votes  against  234  electoral  votes  for  John 
Tyler,  Whig,  11  electoral  votes  for  L.  W.  Tazewell, 
and  1  electoral  vote  for  James  K.  Polk;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
died  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  of  paralysis,  November 
19,  1850. 

Johnson,  Robert  W.,  was  born  in  Kentucky 
in  1814;  received  an  English  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Pine  Bluffs, 
Arkansas;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Arkan 
sas  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  without 
opposition,  receiving  16,425  votes  against  101  scat 
tering  votes ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,456  votes  against  9,224  votes  for 
Thomas  W.  Newton,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  11,975  votes  against 
8,876  votes  for  Preston,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Arkansas  (in  place  of  Solon 
Borland,  resigned),  serving  from  December  5,  1853, 
until  he  withdrew  in  1861;  was  a  member  of  the 
Confederate  Senate  from  Arkansas,  serving  from 
February  22,  1862,  to  the  final  adjournment;  prac 
tised  law  at  Washington  City  in  partnership  with 
General  Albert  Pike. 

Johnson,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Calvert  Coun 
ty,  Maryland,  November  4,  1732;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law  at  Annapolis;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice ;  took  an 
active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements;  was  a 
brigadier-general  of  Maryland  troops  January  6, 1776- 
June,  1776;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to 
the  First  Continental  Congress,  serving  1774-1777; 
nominated  George  Washington  to  be  commander-in- 
chief ;  was  present  when  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence  was  adopted,  July  4, 1776,  but  was  necessa 
rily  absent,  on  account  of  illness  in  his  family,  when 
it  was  signed,  August  2,  1776;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
First  Constitutional  Convention  of  Maryland ;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  brigadier-general  com 
manding  the  Maryland  line,  and  distinguished  him 
self  under  General  Washington  in  the  Jersey  cam 
paign;  was  elected  while  in  the  field  the  first  gov 
ernor  of  the  State  of  Maryland,  serving  1777-1779; 
removed  after  his  gubernatorial  term  to  Frederick- 
town,  Maryland,  which  was  thenceforth  his  home; 
was  several  times  elected  a  member  of  the  Maryland 
House  of  Delegates;  was  appointed  chief  judge  of 
the  General  Court  of  Maryland,  and  held  the  office 
until  he  was  persuaded  by  President  Washington  to 
accept  a  scat  upon  the  bench  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States,  serving  1791-1793 ;  he  had  de 
clined  the  position  of  secretary  of  state  in  Washing 
ton's  cabinet,  but  accepted  the  appointment  of  com 
missioner  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  aided  in 
laying  out  the  city  of  Washington ;  he  then  retired 
to  "Rose  Hill,"  near  Fredericktown,  where  he  died 
October  16,  1819. 

Johnson,  T.  M.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Arkansas  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  and  presented  his  credentials ;  a  majority 
of  the  Committee  on  Elections,tto  whom  they  were 
referred,  reported  that  he  was  entitled  to  a  seat;  but 
such  was  the  opposition,  that  no  vote  was  taken  on 
the  resolution,  although,  on  the  last  day  of  the 
session,  he  was  voted  $2,000  for  compensation,  mile 
age  and  expenses. 

Johnson,  Waldo  P.,  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Missouri  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  July  4,  1861,  to  January  10,  1862,  when  he  was 
expelled  by  the  Senate. 

Johnson,  William,  was  born  in  Ireland  in 
1819;  immigrated  to  the  United  States  in  early  life, 
and  settled  in  Ohio ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 


commenced  practice  at  Mansfield,  Ohio ;  held  a  num 
ber  of  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,012  votes  against  8,642  votes  for 
Godmau,  Republican,  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,383  votes  against  10,9U3  votes  for  James  R. 
Hubbell,  Republican;  died  at  Mansfield,  Ohio,  May 
3,  1866. 

Johnson,  William  Cost,  was  born  in  Fred 
erick  County,  Maryland,  in  1806;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1831,  and  commenced  practice  at  Jefferson, 
Maryland ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  Maryland;  was  president  of  the  Young 
Men's  National  Whig  Convention  which  met  at  Bal 
timore  on  the  first  Monday  in  May,  1832,  to  nominate 
Henry  Clay  for  President ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  600  majority  over  Dorsey,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1835;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  65  majority  over  Kimmell, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  347  majority  over  G.  W.  Duvall,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  1,439  majority,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1843;  resumed  practice  at  Wash 
ington  City,  and  died  there  April  16,  1860. 

Johnson,  William  Samuel,  was  born  at 
Stratford,  Connecticut,  October  7,  1727;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1744;  studied  law  at  Cambridge;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in,  and  commenced  practice  at,  Stratford; 
was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Conven 
tion  of  the  Colonies  at  New  York  in  1765;  was 
agent  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  at  London 
1766-1771;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Connecticut  1772-1774;  was  a  delegate  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1787; 
was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  National 
Constitutional  Convention;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Connecticut  in  the  First  Con 
gress,  serving  from  March  4,  1889,  to  1791,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  president  of  Columbia  College  at 
New- York  City  1792-1800;  returned  to  Stratford, 
Connecticut,  Avhere  he  died  November  14,  1819.  A 
sketch  of  his  life  was  published  by  John  T.  Irving 
in  1830. 

Johnston,  Charles,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to 
Poughkeepsie,  New  York;  held  several  local  offices; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,262 
votes  against  4,645  votes  for  Obadiah  Titus,  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1841 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  by  Richard  D.  Davis,  Dem 
ocrat. 

Johnston,  Charles  C.,  was  born  at  Abingdon, 
Virginia;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Abingdon ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  June  17,  1832,  when  he 
went  to  Alexandria  to  visit  a  friend,  and,  on  his 
return  at  night,  fell  from  the  wharf  into  the  Potomac, 
and  was  drowned. 

Johnston,  John  "W.,  was  born  at  Panicello, 
near  Abingdon,  September  9,  1818;  was  educated  at 
the  Abingdon  Academy,  and  the  South-Carolina  Col 
lege,  at  Columbia,  South  Carolina;  studied  law  at 
the  University  of  Virginia;  was  licensed  in  1839,  and 
practised  at  Abingdon;  was  Commonwealth's  attor 
ney  for  Tazewell  County  two  years ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Senate  of  the  State  of  Virginia  in  1846-1847  and 
1847-1848;  was  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Virginia 
for  a  year;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


473 


Virginia  as  a  Conservative,  and  took  his  seat  Janu 
ary  24,  1870;  was  re-elected  in  1871,  and  again  re- 
elected  in  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3,  1883. 

Johnston,  Josiah  Stoddard,  was  born  at 
Salisbury,  Connecticut,  November  25,  1784 ;  was 
taken  by  his  father  to  Kentucky  in  1790 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Transylvania  Uni 
versity  in  1805;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Alexandria,  Louisi 
ana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  ;  marched  to  the  defence  of  New  Orleans  at 
the  head  of  a  regiment,  but  did  not  arrive  until  the 
battle  had  been  fought;  was  a  State  district-judge; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Clay  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3, 1821,  to  March  3, 1823;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Louisiana  (in  place  of 
James  Brown,  resigned),  and  was  twice  re-elected, 
serving  from  March  12,  1824,  to  May  19,  1833,  when 
he  died  from  the  effect  of  an  explosion  of  gun 
powder  on  the  steam-packet  "Lioness"  on  the  Eed 
Kiver. 

Johnston,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Scotland  in 
1733,  and  immigrated  early  in  life  to  Chowan  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina;  was  a  delegate  to  the  general 
meeting  at  New  Berne  in  1775,  and,  as  its  moderator, 
was  the  chief  magistrate  of  North  Carolina  between 
the  abdication  of  the  last  of  the  royal  governors  and 
the  accession  of  the  first  State  governor;  was  elected 
a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1782; 
was  president  of  the  convention  of  1788  to  consider 
the  Federal  Constitution,  which  was  then  rejected, 
and  of  the  convention  of  1789  which  ratified  that 
instrument ;  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate 
in  the  First  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
January  29, 1790,  until  March  2,  1793;  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  North  Carolina  in 
February,  1800,  which  position  he  resigned  in  Novem 
ber,  1803,  declining  all  further  public  service ;  he  died 
at  "  Sherwarkey,"  near  Edenton,  North  Carolina, 
August  18,  181(5. 

Jones,  Alexander  H.,  was  born  in  Buncombe 
County,  North  Carolina,  July  21,  1822;  received  an 
academic  education;  was  raised  a  farmer;  was  a 
merchant  at  Asheville;  had  a  limited  experience  as 
an  editor  at  the  beginning  of  the  Rebellion;  took  an 
uncompromising  stand  for  the  Union ;  in  the  early 
summer  of  1803  he  fled  into  the  Union  lines ;  was 
commissioned  by  General  Burnside  to  raise  a  regi 
ment  of  loyal  North-Carolinians,  and,  while  engaged 
in  recruiting  white  men,  was  captured  in  East  Ten 
nessee  by  the  Confederates;  was  imprisoned  and 
ironed  at  Asheville;  imprisoned  at  Camp  Vance, 
Camp  Holmes,  and  in  the  Libby  at  Richmond,  Vir 
ginia  ;  was  conscripted ;  made  his  escape  November, 
1864,  without  performing  any  service;  succeeded  in 
reaching  the  Union  lines  about  the  7th  December, 
1864,  at  Cumberland,  Maryland;  was  cared  for  at 
Cincinnati,  and  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  in  a  bad  state 
of  health,  until  the  surrender  of  General  Lee;  he  re 
turned  home,  and  was  elected  to  the  State  Conven 
tion  in  1865 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  but,  for  the  lack  of  an  established  civil  govern 
ment  in  the  State,  failed  to  be  received;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and  obtained  a  seat 
July  £0,  1868 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  serving  from  July  20,  1868,  to  March  3,  1871 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  9,231  votes  against 
12,130  votes  for  James  C.  Harper,  Conservative. 

Jones,  Allen  (brother  of  Willie  Jones),  was 
born  in  Halifax  County,  North  Carolina ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Conventions  at  New  Berne  August 
25,  1775,  and  Halifax  April  4,  1776,  and  to  the  Consti 
tutional  Convention  at  Halifax  November,  1776;  was 
brigadier-general  of  the  Revolutionary  forces  in  the 
Halifax  district  in  1776 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  1779-1780;  was  a  member  of  the 


State  Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1784-1787 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Convention  which  met  in  1788 
to  ratify  the  Federal  Constitution. 

Jones,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio, 
and  settled  at  Wooster;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1837. 

Jones,  Charles  "W.,  was  born  in  Ireland  in 
1834;  immigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1844,  and, 
after  residing  temporarily  in  different  parts  of  the 
South  while  working  at  his  trade,  settled  at  Pensa- 
colain!854;  was  self-educated ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857,  and  practised  at  Pensa- 
cola;  was  a  member  of  the  National  Democratic  Con 
vention  at  Baltimore  in  1872;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  State  at  large  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  15,811  votes  against 
17,537  votes  for  William  J.  Purman,  Republican ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
Florida  in  1874;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Florida  as  a  Conservative  Democrat  (to  succeed 
Abijah  Gilbert,  Republican),  and  took  his  seat  March 
5,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3, 
1881. 

Jones,  Daniel  T.,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  the 
State  of  New  York,  and  located  at  Baldwinsville ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,186  votes  against  5,419  votes  for  Smith,  Whig,  and 
273  votes  for  Pyrne,  Abolitionist ;  was  re-elected"to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  6,605  votes  against 
6,120  votes  for  Gott,  Whig,  and  1,456  votes  for  Ray, 
Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1855. 

Jones,  Francis,  resided  at  Winchester,  Ten 
nessee  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State 
in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  was  re-elected  to  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  and  was  unanimously  re-elected  to 
the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Jones,  Prank,  was  born  at  Barrington,  New 
Hampshire,  September  15,  1832;  removed  to  Ports 
mouth  in  1849,  and  has  since  been  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits  and  in  brewing;  was  elected  mayor 
of  Portsmouth  in  1868,  and  re-elected  in  1869;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
13,967  votes  against  13,631  votes  for  Charles  S. 
Whitehouse,  Republican,  and  336  scattering;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
13,925  votes  against  13,885  votes  for  Gilman  Marston, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Jones,  George,  was  appointed  a  United-States 
senator  from  Georgia  (in  place  of  Abraham  Baldwin, 
deceased),  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  Decem 
ber  9,  1807,  when  his  successor  took  his  seat. 

Jones,  George  "W.,  was  born  at  Vincennes,  In 
diana;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Transylvania  University,  Kentucky,  in  1825 ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  was  prevented  by 
feeble  health  from  practising;  was  clerk  of  the  United- 
States  courts  in  Missouri  in  1826 ;  served  as  an  aide-de 
camp  to  General  Henry  Dodge  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war;  removed  to  Wisconsin  Territory,  and  settled  at 
Sinsinav,-a  Mound;  was  judge  of  the  County  Court; 
was  colonel  and  subsequently  major-general  of  mili 
tia;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Wisconsin  Territory 
in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  1837,  when  his  seat  was  suc 
cessfully  contested  by  James  Duane  Doty,  Whig; 
was  appointed  surveyor-general  of  the  North-west 
Territory  by  President  Van  Buren ;  was  removed  by 
President  Harrison,  and  was  re-appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Polk ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Iowa,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  December  26, 


474 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1848,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  was  minister  resident  to  the 
United  States  of  Colombia  March  8,  1859-Novem- 
ber  4,  18G1 ;  on  his  return  to  the  United  States  he 
was  charged  with  disloyalty,  and  was  imprisoned  in 
Fort  Warren ;  resided  at  Dubuque ;  became  interest 
ed  in  agriculture,  and  purchased  a  farm. 

Jones,  George  W.,  was  born  in  King  and 
Queen  County,  Virginia,  March  15,  1800 ;  was  taken 
by  his  parents  to  Tennessee,  and  was  apprenticed  to 
learn  the  saddler's  trade  at  Fayetteville,  where  he 
afterwards  resided;  received  a  public-school  and  an 
academical  education;  was  a  justice  of  the  peace 
1832-1835;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1835-1839,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
1S39-1840;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Van  Burcu  ticket  in  1840; 
served  as  clerk  of  the  County  Court  by  appointment, 
and  afterwards  by  election ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,111  votes  against  2,941 
votes  for  M.  A.  Long,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  Thirty- 
second,  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  without  any  op 
position  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,C65  votes  against  4,245  votes  for  P. 
Gordon,  American ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  without  opposition,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  a  delegate  from  Ten 
nessee  to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1800,  but  did  not 
attend ;  was  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
First  Confederate  Congress,  serving  from  February 
18,  1862,  to  February  18,  18G4;  was  not  a  candidate 
for  re-election ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1870 ;  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Trustees  for  the  Tennessee  Hospital 
for  the  Insane  in  1871,  and  was  re-appointed  in  1877. 

Jones,  Isaac  D.,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  in  Princess  Anne 
County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  3  majority  over  Cottman,  Whig,  and  serving  from 
May  31, 1841,  to  March  3, 1843;  was  elected  attorney- 
general  of  Maryland  in  1803. 

Jones,  James,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  ac 
companied  his  parents  to  Georgia  when  a  lad ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Savannah ;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  January  13,  1801, 
when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Jones,  James,  was  born  in  Amelia  County,  Vir 
ginia;  resided  at  Hendersonville ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
defeating  John  Pegram ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1823. 

Jones,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Wilson  County, 
Tennessee,  June  8,  1809;  received  a  public-school 
education;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1839;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  presidential 
elector  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in  1840;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Tennessee  1841-1845;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Taylor  electoral  ticket  in  1848;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Tennessee  as  a 
Whig,  sen-ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1857 ;  resided  at  Memphis,  Tennessee,  where  he  died 
October  29,  1859. 

Jones,  James  Taylor,  was  born  at  Richmond, 
Virginia,  in  1832;  was  taken  in  1834  to  Marengo 
County,  Alabama,  where  he  subsequently  resided; 
received  a  classical  education  at  Princeton  College; 
studied  law,  and  graduated  in  the  law-school  of  the 
University  of  Virginia;  enlisted  in  April,  1SG1,  in 
the  Confederate  service  as  a  private  in  the  Fourth 
Alabama  Regiment,  and  was  promoted  to  be  captain 
of  his  company  in  1802;  was  a  delegate  in  1865  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention ;  was  elected  a  rep 


resentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,582  votes  against  8,771 
votes  for  F.  C.  Bromberg,  Republican,  serving  from 
October  15,  1877. 

Jones,  John  Glancy,  was  born  on  Conestoga 
River,  Pennsylvania,  October  7,  1811;  received  a 
liberal  education;  studied  theology,  and  then  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Reading, 
Pennsylvania;  was  deputy-attorney-general  of  Penn 
sylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,277  votes  against  4,847  votes  for  Keim, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1853;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(in  place  of  Henry  W.  Muhlenberg,  deceased);  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
8,152  votes  against  5,486  votes  for  Myers,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,951 
votes  against  3,947  votes  for  Yodcr,  Republican,  sen- 
ing  from  February  13,  1854,  to  October  30, 1858,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  minister  resident  November  1, 1858, 
and  envoy  extraordinary  and  minister  plenipotentiary 
to  Austria  December  15,  1858,  sending  to  November 
14,  1801 ;  died  at  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  March  24, 
1877. 

Jones,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Burke  County, 
Georgia,  November  13,  1824;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Emory  College ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  commenced 
practice ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  4,912  votes  against  4,507  votes  for  Wright,  Oppo 
sition,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  January 
23,  1801,  when  he  retired  from  the  House. 

Jones,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Hay,  in  Wales,  in 
1830,  and  came  with  his  parents  to  this  country 
when  he  was  less  than  a  year  old,  settling  in  the 
northern  part  of  Ohio,  where  he  attended  public 
school  in  Cleveland  for  a  few  years ;  in  the  early  part 
of  the  California  excitement  he  went  to  that  State, 
and  engaged  in  fanning  and  mining  in  one  of  the  in 
land 'counties,  which  he  subsequently  represented  in 
both  Houses  of  the  State  Assembly ;  went  to  Nevada 
in  1860,  and  became  engaged  in  the  development  of  the 
mineral  resources  of  that  State ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Nevada  as  a  Republican  (to  suc 
ceed  J.  W.  Nye,  Republican),  and  took  his  seat  March 
4,  1873.  His  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3, 
1879. 

Jones,  John  S.,  was  born  in  Champaign  Coun 
ty,  Ohio,  February  12,  1835;  graduated  in  the  scien 
tific  course  at  the  Ohio  Wesleyaii  University  in  1855, 
and  received  the  degree  of  M.A.  pro  honors  from 
that  institution  in  1875;  studied  law  with  Powell  and 
Vandermann,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  June  15, 
1857;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  for  Delaware 
County  in  I860;  resigned,  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
Company  C,  Fourth  Ohio  Infantry,  April  16,  1861 ; 
was  soon  after  elected  first  lieutenant ;  was  re-com 
missioned  first  lieutenant  in  the  three-years'  service 
June  4,  1861;  was  promoted  captain  September  5, 
1862 ;  was  mustered  out  at  the  expiration  of  the  term 
of  service  of  his  regiment  June  21,  1864;  was  nom 
inated  by  acclamation  for  the  State  legislature  in 
1864,  but  resigned  to  accept  the  command  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Seventy-fourth  Ohio  Infantry  Septem 
ber  21,  1864;  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  by 
brevet  June  27,  1865,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  during  the  war,"  and  was  mustered  out 
with  his  command  July  7, 1865 ;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law ;  was  elected  mayor  of  Delaware  by  unani 
mous  vote  in  April,  1860;  was  elected  prosecuting- 
attorney  of  Delaware  County  for  three  successive 
terms,  serving  1866-1872,  when  he  declined  a  re 
election;  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  managers  of 
the  Ohio  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Orphans'  Home  1870- 
1874;  was  a  trustee  of  the  Wesleyan  Female  College 
at  Delaware  1805-1875;  was  a  presidental  elector 
on  the  Grant  and  Wilson  ticket  in  1872;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fifth 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


475 


Congress  as  a  Eepublican,  receiving  15,968  votes 
against  15,175  votes  for  Early  F.  Poppleton,  Demo 
crat,  and  308  votes  for  Levi  S.  Benson,  Prohibition 
ist,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Jones,  John  "W.,  was  born  at  Chesterfield,  Vir 
ginia;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
William  and  Mary  College  in  1803;  resided  at  Peters 
burg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeat 
ing  W.  S.  Archer,  anti- Jackson,  by  254  majority; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth, 
Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses,  re 
ceiving  at  the  last  election  30  majority  over  J.  M. 
Botts,  Whig  (who  unsuccessfully  contested  the  seat), 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1845, 
when  he  declined  a  re-election;  was  speaker  of  the 
House  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress ;  died  January 
29,  1848. 

Jones,  John  W.,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Maryland,  April  14,  1800 ;  was  taken  when  a 
lad  by  his  parents  to  Kentucky;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  medicine  at  the  Pennsyl 
vania  Academy,  and  received  the  degree  of  doctor 
of  medicine  from  Jefferson  College;  practised  at 
Griflin,  Georgia;  was  a  zealous  Free-Mason;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,083  votes  against 
3,904  votes  for  Towns,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  removed  to  Ala 
bama,  where  he  engaged  in  planting,  but  returned  to 
Georgia,  where  he  was  appointed  a  medical  professor 
in  the  State  Medical  College. 

Jones,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and  rep 
resented  that  State  in  the  Continental  Congress  1777 
-1778,  and  was  again  elected  1780-1783. 

Jones,  Morgan,  was  born  at  New  York  Febru 
ary  26,  1832 ;  was  educated  at  the  St.  James  Church 
school ;  was  apprenticed  to  a  machinist,  and  subse 
quently  became  a  plumber;  was  a  member  cf  the 
city  council  1858-1862;  was  a  member  of  the  board 
of  aldermen  1863-1864;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  9,605  votes  against  5,512  votes 
for  William  Walsh,  Democrat,  and  C.  O'B.  Bryant, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  4, 1865,  to  March 
3,  18(57. 

Jones,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
New  York;  received  a  common-school  education; 
studied  surveying  and  civil  engineering ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1827  and  1828; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,184 
votes  against  3,978  votes  for  Thomas  McKissock, 
Whig,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1841 ;  was  a  State  canal  commissioner  November  4, 
1844-December  31,  1847;  was  a  State  senator  1852- 
1853;  died  of  asthma  at  Newburg,  New  York,  July 
21,  1866. 

Jones,  Noble  Wimberly,  was  born  near  Lon 
don,  England,  in  1724;  immigrated  to  Savannah, 
Georgia,  with  his  father,  with  whom  he  studied 
medicine  and  was  associated  in  practice  1748-1756; 
was  active  in  civil  and  military  pre-Revolutionary 
movements ;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  Assembly, 
and  of  the  subsequent  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1775-1786 ;  lost  a  son  at  the  capture  of 
Savannah  in  1778;  was  himself  made  prisoner  at  the 
fall  of  Charleston  in  1780,  and  carried  to  St.  Augus 
tine,  where  he  was  imprisoned;  was  exchanged  in 
July,  1781 ;  was  again  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1781-1783 ;  practised  in  Charles 
ton,  December,  1783-Deccmber,  1788;  returned  to 
Savannah ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1795,  and  its  president ;  died  at  Savan 
nah,  Georgia,  January  9,  1805. 

Jones,  Owen,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Philadelphia; 


was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,674  votes  against  7,961  votes  for  Mulrany,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1859 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,209  votes 
against  9,701  votes  for  John  Wood,  Unionist. 

Jones,  Roland,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
removed  to  Louisiana,  and  settled  at  Shreveport; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,494 
votes  against  5,695  votes  for  Smith,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Jones,  Seaborn,  was  born  at  Augusta,  Georgia, 
in  1788;  received  a  classical  education,  which  was 
completed  at  Princeton  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1808  by  special  act  of  the  legis 
lature,  he  being  under  age;  commenced  practice  at 
Columbus;  was  made  solicitor-general  of  Georgia  in 
1823;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat  on  a  gen 
eral  ticket,  receiving  21,686  votes  against  15,830  votes 
for  Larnar,  State-rights,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3, 1847 ;  died  at  Columbus,  Georgia, 
in  1874. 

Jones,  Thomas  Laurens,  was  born  in  Ruther 
ford  County,  North  Carolina,  January  22,  1819;  grad 
uated  in  the  Preparatory  School  at  Columbia,  South 
Carolina,  and  at  Princeton  College,  New  Jersey;  re 
ceived  the  degree  of  bachelor  of  laws  in  the  law- 
school  of  Harvard  University;  passed  ten  years  in 
European  travel,  and  on  his  return  in  1846  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina; 
commenced  practice  at  New- York  City  in  1847;  re 
moved  to  Newport,  Kentucky,  and  has  since  prac 
tised  there;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly 
of  Kentucky  in  1853  and  1854 ;  was  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,488  votes  against  3,839  votes  for  W. 
S.  Rankin,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  14,082  votes  against  6,120 
votes  for  Root,  Republican,  serving  from  December 
4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,208 
votes  against  4,141  votes  for  Hogan,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Jones,  "Walter  (father  of  Walter  Jones),  was 
born  in  Virginia  in  1745 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College  in  1760 ; 
studied  medicine  at  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  where  he 
received  the  degree  of  doctor  in  medicine ;  returned 
to  Virginia,  and  commenced  practice  in  Northumber 
land  County;  was  appointed  by  the  Continental  Con 
gress  physician-general  of  the  Middle  Military  De 
partment  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799 ;  wras  again  elected 
to  the  Eighth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth, 
Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  17, 1803,  to  March  3, 1811 ;  died  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Virginia,  December  31,  1815. 

Jones,  Wilie  (brother  of  Allen  Jones),  was  born 
in  Halifax  County,  North  Carolina;  was  president 
of  the  State  Committee  of  Safety  in  1775;  was  a 
member  of  the  First  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1776;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of 
North  Carolina  in  1776, 1777,  and  1778 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1781 ;  was  elected 
to  the  United-States  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1787,  but  declined ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
vention  called  to  ratify  the  Constitution  of  the  Unit 
ed  States  July  21,  1788;  removed  to  the  vicinity  of 
Raleigh,  where  he  died. 

Jones,  William,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1760;  received  a  classical  education; 
joined  a  volunteer  company  when  sixteen  years  of 
age,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of  Trenton  and 
Princeton;  entered  the  Continental  naval  service 


476 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


under  Commodore  Truxton,  and  served  gallantly; 
removed  to  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  where  he 
resided  1790-1793 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3, 1803 ; 
was  secretary  of  the  navy  January  12, 1813-Decem- 
ber  7,  1814;  was  president  of  the  United-States  Bank; 
was  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Philadelphia; 
died  at  Bethlehem,  Pennsylvania,  September  5,  1831. 
He  published  "  Winter  Navigation  of  the  Dela 
ware  "  1822. 

Jones,  William  T.,  was  born  at  Con-don,  Indi 
ana,  February  20,  1 842 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion,  and  afterward  studied  at  the  Miami  University, 
Oxford,  Ohio;  studied  law;  served  in  the  Union 
army  as  lieutenant,  captain,  and  major  of  the  Seven 
teenth  Indiana  Volunteers ;  was  presidential  elector 
for  the  Second  District  of  Indiana  in  1868 ;  was  ap 
pointed  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Wyoming  April  6,  1869;  and  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Wyoming  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  a  majority  of  227  votes  over 
Colonel  Wanless,  Democrat. 

Jorgenson,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  February  11,  1844;  graduated  at  the 
medical  department  of  the  University  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  assistant  surgeon  United-States  army 
1865-1868;  was  elected  to  the  legislature  of  Virginia 
from  Prince  Edward  County  in  November,  1871 ;  was 
appointed  postmaster  of  Petersburg;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,896  votes  against 
12,492  votes  for  W.  E.  Hinton,  jun.,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  October  15,  1877. 

Joyce,  Charles  H.,  was  born  near  Andover, 
England,  January  30,  1830 ;  was  educated  at  Waits- 
field  Academy  and  Newbury  Seminary ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Rutland,  Vermont ;  was  two  years  State  librarian,  and 
two  years  district-attorney  for  Washington  County ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  major  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Second  Vermont  Volunteers;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  1869, 
1870,  and  1871,  and  was  speaker  of  the  House  in  1870 
and  1871;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ver 
mont  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,638  votes  against  2,597  votes  for  Heaton, 
Democrat,  and  1,635  votes  for  Charles  W.  Willard, 
Independent  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,496  votes  against 
7,057  votes  for  Childs,  Democrat,  and  18  votes  scat 
tering,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Judd,  Norman  B.,  was  born  at  Rome,  New 
York,  January  10,  1815 ;  studied  law  there,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  removed  to  Chicago  in  1836, 
and  commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession ;  held 
several  municipal  offices;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Illinois  for  sixteen  consecutive  years,  his 
first  term  commencing  in  1844,  and  last  ending  in 
1860;  was  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Prussia  from 
1861  until  1865;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  15,247  votes  against  5,667  votes  for  Wal 
lace,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  27,414  votes  against  19,233  votes 
for  VVallace,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867, 
to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  appointed  collector  of  customs 
at  the  port  of  Chicago  by  President  Grant. 

Judson,  Andrew  T.,  was  born  at  Eastford,  Con 
necticut,  November  29,  1784;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1806,  and  commenced  practice  at  Montpelier,  Ver 
mont;  returned  to  Connecticut,  and  in  1809  settled 
at  Canterbury;  was  State's  attorney  for  Windham 
County  1819-1833;  was  several  times  respectively  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Represen 
tatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecti 
cut  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  July  1,  1837,  when 
he  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of  United-States 


district-judge  for  the  district  of  Connecticut  (suc 
ceeding  William  Bristol,  deceased),  and  occupied"  the 
position  until  his  death  at  Canterbury,  Connecticut, 
March  17,  1853. 

Julian,  George  W.,  was  born  near  Centreville, 
Indiana,  May  5,  1817;  received  a  common-school 
education,  and  was  a  teacher  more  than  three  years ; 
studied  law,  and  practised  nearly  twenty  years ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Indiana  in  1845 ; 
was  a  candidate  for  Vice-President  on  the  Free-soil 
ticket  with  John  P.  Hale  in  1852;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  First  National  Republican  Convention,  held  at 
Pittsburg  in  February,  1856,  where  he  served  ae  a  vice- 
president  and  as  chairman  of  the  committee  on  organ 
ization;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana 
in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  4,737  votes  against  4,583  votes  for  Parker,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  12,237  votes  against  7,501  votes  for  Bickle, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,272  votes  against  7,414  votes  for 
Johnson,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  13,529  votes  against  6,161 
votes  for  James  Brown,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  13,416  votes  against 
7,188  votes  for  Bundy,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  from  his  new  district, 
given  above,  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,413  votes 
against  13,297  votes  for  Reid,  Democrat,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Junkin,  Benjamin  F.,  was  born  in  Cumber 
land  County,  Pennsylvania,  November  12,  1822;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Fayette 
College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1844,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bloomfield;  was 
district-attorney  from  Perry  County  1850-1853;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,646  votes  against  8,600  votes  for  Fisher,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  11,712  votes 
against  12,069  votes  for  Joseph  Bailey,  War  Demo 
crat. 

Kalbfleisch,  Martin,  was  born  at  Flushing, 
Netherlands,  February  6,  1804;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  chemistry;  immigrated  to 
the  United  States,  and  located  at  New-York  City ; 
was  health-warden  in  1832,  and  school-trustee  in 
1836;  removed  to  Bush  wick,  where  he  was  super 
visor  1852-1854;  was  president  of  a  commission  for 
consolidating  Bushwick  and  Williainsburg  with 
Brooklyn  in  1854;  was  an  alderman  of  Brooklyn 
1855-1861 ;  was  mayor  of  Brooklyn  1861-1862 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,586 
votes  against  5,381  votes  for  Wall,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  of  1866 ; 
was  again  mayor  of  Brooklyn  1867-1868;  died  at 
Brooklyn  February  12,  1873. 

Kane,  Elias  KL.,  was  born  in  New  York  June 
7,  1796;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice 
at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  and  subsequently  located  at 
Kaskaskia,  Illinois  Territory,  in  1815;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  that  framed  a  State  Constitution 
for  Illinois;  was  the  first  State  secretary  of  state;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Illinois  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from 
December  5,  1825,  to  December  11,  1835,  when  he 
died  at  Washington  City. 

K.asson,  John  A.,  was  born  near  Burlington, 
Vermont,  January  11,  1822 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Vermont  in 
1842;  studied  law  in  Massachusetts;  removed  to 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  where  he  practised  until  1857, 
when  he  removed  to  Des  Moines,  Iowa;  was  State 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


477 


director  in  the  organization  for  the  State  Bank 
of  Iowa  in  1858 ;  was  State  commissioner  to  investi 
gate  and  report  on  the  condition  of  the  executive 
department  of  Iowa  in  1859;  was  chairman  of  the 
Republican  State  Committee  in  1858-1860;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Republican  Convention  at  Chicago  in 
1800;  was  first  assistant  postmaster-general  in  Presi 
dent  Lincoln's  administration  in  1861,  and  resigned 
in  the  fall  of  1862  to  accept  a  candidacy  for  Congress; 
was  United-States  commissioner  to  the  International 
Postal  Congress  at  Paris  in  1863 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,306  votes  against  7,346 
votes  for  Finch,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  13,640  votes  against 
7,108  votes  for  M.  D.  McHenry,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  was  com 
missioner  in  1867  from  the  United  States  to  nego 
tiate  postal  conventions  with  Great  Britain,  France, 
Belgium,  Holland,  Germany,  Switzerland,  and  Italy; 
signed  conventions  with  all  except  France;  Avas  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1868- 
1873 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  14,909  votes  against  7,702  votes  for  O.  L. 
Palmer,  Liberal  and  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,274  votes  against 
9,973  votes  for  Whitman,  anti-Monopolist,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Hayes  in  1877  minister  to 
Austria. 

Kaufman,  David  S.,  was  born  at  Boiling 
Springs,  Pennsylvania,  December  18,  1813 ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1833;  studied  law  at  Natchez,  Mississippi, 
with  General  Quitmaii ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Natchitoches,  Louisiana ;  re 
moved  in  1837  to  Nacogdoches,  Texas;  distinguished 
himself  in  the  campaigns  of  Texas  volunteers  against 
the  Indians;  was  a  representative  in  the  Texas 
House  of  Representatives  1839-1843 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Texan  Senate  1843-1845 ;  was  appointed  charge 
d'affaires  of  Texas  in  the  United  States,  but  the  an 
nexation  of  Texas  vacated  his  office ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Texas  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  940  majority  over  his  six  co'mpetitors ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con 
gresses  without  opposition,  serving  from  June  1, 
1846,  to  January  31,  1851,  when  he  died  very  sud 
denly  at  "Washington  City. 

Kavanagh,  Edward,  was  born  April  27,  1795 ; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Dam- 
ariscotta,  Maine ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1826  and  1828;  was  secretary 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1830;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  by  Jere 
miah  Bailey,  Whig ;  was  charge  d'affaires  to  Portugal 
March  3,  1835-June  28,  1841 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
joint  commission  for  establishing  the  North-eastern 
boundary  in  1842;  was  acting  governor  of  Maine 
after  the  election  of  Governor  Fairfield  to  the  United- 
States  Senate  1843-1844;  died  at  New  Castle,  Maine, 
January  20,  1844. 

Kean,  John,  was  a  delegate  from  South  Caro 
lina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1787. 

Kearney,  Dyre,  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1786-1788. 

Keese,  Richard,  was  born  at  Peru,  New  York, 
November  23,  1794;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  founded  the  town  of  Keeseville ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829 ;  removed  to  Penn 
sylvania. 

Kehr,  Edward  C.,  was  born  of  German  parent 
age  in  the  county  of  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  Novem 


ber  5, 1837 ;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  February  18,  1858, 
in  St.  Louis,  and  practised  there;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,871  votes  against 
5,693  votes  for  Edwin  O.  Stanard,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  6,824  votes  against  7,043 
votes  for  Anthony  Ittner,  Republican. 

Keifer,  Joseph  Warren,  was  born  in  Clark 
County,  Ohio,  January  30,  1836;  was  reared  on  a 
farm,  and  educated  in.  common  schools  and  at  An- 
tioch  College;  commenced  the  study  of  law  at 
Springfield  in  1856;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  January 
12, 1858,  and  commenced  practice  at  Springfield,  con 
tinuing  it  until  April  19,  1861,  when  he  enlisted  in 
the  Union  army;  was  commissioned  major  of  the 
Third  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  April  27,  1861 ;  was 
promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regiment 
February  12,  1862;  was  appointed  colonel  of  the 
One  Hundred  and  Tenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry 
September  30,  1862;  was  appointed  brigadier-gen 
eral  by  brevet  November  30,  1864;  was  appointed, 
July  1,  1865,  major-general  of  volunteers  by  brevet; 
was  mustered  out  of  service  June  27,  1865  (having 
been  in  the  army  four  years  and  two  months,  and 
four  times  wounded) ;  resumed  practice  at  Springfield 
in  July,  1865 ;  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Twenty-sixth  United-States  Infantry  November  30, 
1866,  but  declined;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1868-1869 ;  was  commander  of  the  Department  of  the 
Ohio,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  1868-1870;  and 
was  elected  vice-commander-in-chief  of  that  organi 
zation  May  8, 1872 ;  was  appointed  trustee  of  the  Ohio 
Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Orphans'  Home  April  16,  1870; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  1870 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,728  votes  against  14,012  votes  for  George  Arthur, 
Democrat,  and  183  votes  for  William  Pollard,  Prohi 
bitionist,  and  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Keightley,  Edwin  William,  was  born  in 
Van  Buren  Township,  La  Grange  County,  Indiana, 
August  7,  1843;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion,  and  for  one  year  was  a  student  at  the  Valpa 
raiso  Collegiate  Institute;  entered  the  law-depart 
ment  of  the  University  of  Michigan ;  graduated  in 
March,  1865,  and  commenced  practice  in  St.  Joseph's 
County;  Michigan;  was  elected  in  1872  prosecuting- 
attorney  of  the  county  for  two  years,  commencing 
January  1,  1873;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Fif 
teenth  Judicial  Circuit  of  Michigan  to  fill  a  vacancy; 
in  April,  1875,  was  nominated  by  both  parties,  and 
elected  circuit-judge  of  the  Fifteenth  Judicial  Dis 
trict  for  the  term  of  six  years,  beginning  May  1, 
1876;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
18,716  votes  against  16,330  votes  for  Henry  Chamber 
lain,  Democrat  and  Greenback,  and  serving  from 
October  15,  1877. 

Keim,  George  May,  was  born  at  Reading, 
Pennsylvania,  March  23,  1805;  received  a  classical 
education,  which  was  finished  at  Princeton  College ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Reading;  became  promi 
nently  connected  with  the  Free-Masons,  and  major- 
general  in  the  militia ;  was  for  many  years  cashier  of 
the  Farmers'  Bank  at  Reading;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1837;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (in  place  of  Henry  A.  Muhlen- 
berg,  resigned  to  accept  the  Austrian  mission)  as  a 
Democrat  without  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  March  17, 
1838,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Taylor  in  1843  United-States  marshal  for  the  Eastern 
District  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  re-appointed  by 
President  Polk;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 


478 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1860; 
was  active  in  raising  men  for  the  Union  army  after 
hostilities  were  commenced  in  18C1 ;  was  stricken 
with  paralysis  while  drilling  a  company  of  home 
guards,  of  which  he  was  captain,  and  died  five  days 
afterwards,  June  10,  1861,  at  Reading,  Pennsyl 
vania. 

Keim,  William  High,  was  born  near  Reading, 
Pennsylvania,  June  13,  1813;  received  an  academical 
education  at  the  Mount-Airy  Military  School;  was 
prominently  connected  with  the  State  militia,  attain 
ing  the  rank  of  major-general ;  was  mayor  of  Read 
ing  in  1848;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (in  place 
of  J.  Glancy  Jones,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1858,  to  March  3.  1859;  was  sur 
veyor-general  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania ;  entered 
the  Union  army  in  1861,  and  was  placed  in  command 
of  a  division  on  the  Upper  Potomac ;  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers;  served  in  the  ad 
vance  upon  Richmond  on  the  peninsula;  contracted 
a  typhoid-fever;  died  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania, 
May  18,  1862. 

Keitt,  Lawrence  M.,  was  born  in  Orange- 
burg  District,  South  Carolina,  October  4,  1824;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  South- 
Carolina  College  in  1843;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Orangeburg  Court  House;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  456 
majority  over  W.  A.  Owens,  State-rights  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth, 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  without  opposition, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  until  he  with 
drew  in  December,  1860,  having  been  elected  a 
delegate  to  the  Secession  Convention  of  South 
Carolina;  was  a  deputy  to  the  Provisional  Con 
gress  of  the  Confederate  States  which  assembled 
at  Montgomery  in  February,  1801,  and  at  Richmond 
in  July,  1861;  raised  the  Twentieth  South-Carolina 
Volunteers,  and  was  commissioned  its  colonel  Janu 
ary  11,  1862;  was  wounded  in  the  Confederate  attack 
at  Cold  Harbor,  and  died  the  next  day,  June  2,  1864, 
at  Richmond,  Virginia. 

Kelley,  William  D.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  April  12,  1814;  .received  a  thorough 
English  education;  was  reader  in  a  printing-office, 
and  afterwards  an  apprentice  in  a  jewelry  establish 
ment;  removed  to  Boston,  where  he  worked  five  years 
as  a  journeyman  jeweller;  returned  to  Philadelphia, 
where  he  studied  and  practised  law,  devoting  him 
self  also  to  literary  pursuits ;  was  twice  prosecuting- 
attorney  for  the  city  and  county  of  Philadelphia, 
and  for  ten  years  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  of  Philadelphia;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,568  votes  against  10,195 
votes  for  Morgan,  Democrat,  and  1,715  votes  for 
Robinson,  Unionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  8,946  votes  against  8,118 
votes  for  Nicholson,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninthjCongress,  receiving  13,088  votes  against 
9,344  votes  for  Northrup,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  14,551  votes 
against  12,120  votes  for  McGrath,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  17,107 
votes  against  15,248  votes  for  Nicholson,  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  14,324  votes  against  11,622  votes  for  W.  B. 
Thomas,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  20,955  votes  against  13,301 
votes  for  W.  B.  Mitchell,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,436  votes 
against  9,049  votes  for  McGrath,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
18,820  votes  against  12,432  votes  for  John  T.  School, 
Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861. 

Kellogg,  Charles,  was  born  in  Berkshire  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts;  received  a  public-school  educa 


tion;  removed  to  Cayuga  County,  New  York;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1808- 
1810  and  1820-1822;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Kellogg,  Francis  W.,  was  born  at  Worthing- 
ton,  Massachusetts.  May  30,  1810;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  to  Michigan,  and  settled 
at  Grand  Rapids,  where  he  engaged  in  lumbering; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1856  and  1857;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  21,950  votes  against  17,438 
votes  for  Church,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  29,042  votes 
against  19,970  votes  for  Church,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
10,013  votes  against  7,308  votes  for  Church,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1865;  was  appointed  by  President  Johnson  collector 
of  internal  revenue  for  the  Southern  District  of  Ala 
bama;  resided  at  Mobile;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  July  22,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Kellogg,  Orlando,  was  born  at  Elizabeth  town, 
New  York,  June  18,  1809;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1838,  and  commenced  practice  at  Elizabethtown ;  was 
surrogate  of  Essex  County  1840-1844;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1849 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  7,654  votes  against  6,987 
votes  for  Burhans,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  died,  before  taking  his 
seat,  at  Elizabethtown,  Aiigust  24,  1865. 

Kellogg,  Stephen  W.,  was  bom  at  Shelburne, 
Massachusetts,  April  5,  1822 ;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1846;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  has  since  practised  atWaterbury;  was  clerk  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Connecticut  in  1851 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  in  1853,  and  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1856 ;  was  judge  of  the 
New-Haven  County  Court  in  1854;  was  elected  judge 
of  probate  in  1854,  and  held  the  office  six  years;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conventions 
of  1860  and  1868,  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  13,012  votes  against  12,678  votes 
for  Babcock,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  19,306  votes  against  13,757 
votes  for  Kendrick,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  12,777  votes  against 
12,180  votes  for  English,  Democrat,  and  510  votes  for 
Caleff,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  April  9,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1875 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  can 
didate  for  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,844 
votes  against  15,440  votes  for  James  Phelps,  Demo 
crat,  and  559  votes  for  Harrington,  Prohibitionist; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  16,777  votes  against 
19,500  votes  for  James  Phelps,  Democrat,  and  2G8 
votes  for  Cummings.  Prohibitionist. 

Kellogg,  Wuliam,  was  born  in  Ashtabula 
County,  Ohio,  July  8,  1814;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Canton ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1849  and  1850 ;  was 
judge  of  the  State  Circuit  Court  1852-1855;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,175  votes 
against  14,474  votes  for  Davidson,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
19,487  votes  against  10,800  votes  for  Davidson,  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  25,666  votes  against  20,997  votes  for 
Ingersoll,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1863;  was  appointed  by  President  Lin 
coln  minister  resident  at  Guatemala  April  21,  1864, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


479 


but  declined  serving;  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson  chief  justice  of  Nebraska  Territory  in  1866. 

Kellogg,  William  Pitt,  was  born  December 
8,  1830,  in  Vermont ;  was  educated  at  Norwich  Uni 
versity  ;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1848 ;  studied  law  at 
Peoria,  Illinois,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853, 
commencing  practice  in  Fulton  County;  in  1860 
served  as  presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  ticket ; 
was  appointed  chief  justice  of  Nebraska  by  Mr.  Lin 
coln  in  1801 ;  resigned,  and  accepted  the  colonelcy  of 
the  Seventh  Illinois  Cavalry ;  served  under  General 
Pope  in  Missouri,  and  commanded  General  Granger's 
cavalry  brigade  until  the  evacuation  of  Corinth ;  was, 
in  April,  1865,  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  New 
Orleans,  his  commission  being  signed  by  Mr.  Lin 
coln  on  the  afternoon  before  the  evening  on  which 
he  was  assassinated ;  was  elected  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Louisiana  in  July,  1868,  as  a  Republican, 
serving  from  July  17,  1868,  to  November  1,  1872, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  Louisiana  from 
January  5,  1873,  to  January  5,  1877;  was  again 
elected  to  the  United-States  Senate,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  his  seat  December  1,  1877.  His  term  of 
service  will  expire  March  3, 1883. 

Kelly,  James,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  elected  a 
representative  in  Congress  from  the  State  of  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1805,  to  March  3,  1809;  died  at  Philadelphia  Febru 
ary^,  1819. 

Kelly,  James  K.,  was  born  in  Centre  County, 
Pennsylvania,  February  16,  1819 ;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College,  New  Jersey,  in  1839 ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Pennsylvania  in  1842 ; 
went  to  California  in  1849,  and  from  thence  to  the 
Territory  of  Oregon  in  1851;  was  elected  by  the 
Legislative  Assembly  of  Oregon  in  1852  one  of  three 
commissioners  to  prepare  a  code  of  laws  for  that 
Territory ;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative  Council 
from  1853  to  1857;  in  1855  he  was  chosen  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  First  Regiment  of  Oregon  Mounted 
Volunteers,  and  in  that  capacity  was  engaged  in  the 
Yakima  Indian  war  in  1855  and  1856 ;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  convention  which  framed  the  Consti 
tution  of  Oregon  in  1857 ;  was  a  senator  in  the  Legis 
lative  Assembly  of  Oregon  from  1860  to  1864;  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  United-States  dis 
trict-attorney  for  Oregon  in  1860,  but  declined  to 
accept  the  appointment;  he  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Oregon  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed 
G.  H.  Williams,  Republican),  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Kelly,  John,  was  born  at  New  York  April  21, 
1821;  received  a  public-school  education;  learned 
the  mason's  trade,  and  worked  at  it;  was  for  two 
years  an  alderman;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  3,068  votes  against  3,047  votes 
for  Walsh,  Democrat,  and  1,594  votes  for  Bryce, 
American;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-iifth 
Congress,  receiving  8,319  votes  against  1,735  votes 
for  Gould,  American,  and  1,497  votes  for  Ryckman, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  De 
cember  25,  1858,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
elected  high  sheriff  of  the  city  and  county  of  New 
York;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Conventions  in  1864,  1868,  1872,  and  1876. 

Kelly,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  Tennessee ;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Huiits- 
ville,  Alabama;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Alabama  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  (in  place  of 
John  W.  Walker,  resigned),  serving  from  January 
21,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  removed  to  Louisiana, 
where  he  died. 

Kelsey,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Smyrna, 
New  York,  October  2,  1812;  studied  and  practised 
law ;  was  appointed  surrogate  of  Livingston  County 


in  February,  1840;  was  elected  district-attorney  of 
Livingston  County  in  1850 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  11,061  votes  against  4,450  votes 
for  Hastings,  Democrat,  and  119  votes  for  Gibbs, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,509  votes  against  4,266  votes  for 
Angell,  Democrat,  and  4,895  votes  for  Hallet,  Ameri 
can,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 
1859 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  12,637  votes  against  8,334 
votes  for  Chesebro,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  17,234  votes  against 
12,743  votes  for  Ross,  Democrat,  serving  from  March 
4,  1867,  to  March  3.  1871. 

Kelso,  John  K.,  was  born  in  Franklin  County, 
Ohio,  March  21,  1831;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Pleasant-Ridge  College,  Missouri;  was 
the  principal  of  an  academy  in  Missouri;  served 
through  the  war  in  the  Union  Army  as  lieutenant 
and  captain ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mis 
souri  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  an  Independ 
ent  Radical,  receiving  3,841  votes  against  3,548  votes 
for  S.  H.  Boyd,  Radical,  and  400  votes  for  M.  J. 
Hubble,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Kemble,  Gouverneur,  was  born  at  New  York 
in  1780;  received  an  English  education,  and  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  appointed  by  President 
Monroe  consul  at  Cadiz,  and  while  there  studied  the 
process  of  casting  cannon;  on  his  return  he  estab 
lished  a  cannon-foundery  at  Cold  Springs,  opposite 
West  Point,  where  cannon  were  for  the  first  time 
cast  in  this  country  with  any  degree  of  perfection; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,986  votes 
against  4,203  votes  for  Joshua  W.  Bowron,  Whig, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  1846 ;  died  at  Cold  Springs,  New  York,  Sep 
tember  2,  1875. 

Kempshall,  Thomas,  was  born  in  England ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  immigrated  to 
the  United  States,  and  was  one  of  the  first  settlers 
at  Rochester,  New  York ;  held  several  local  offices; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,476 
votes  against  4,441  votes  for  Henry  R.  Selden,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1841;  died  at  Rochester,  New  York,  January  14, 
1865. 

Kenan,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Duplin  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1771 ;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1799,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1804;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Ninth  Congress  without  opposition;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1805,  until  March  3,  1811;  removed  to  the  vicinity  of 
Selma,  Alabama,  where  he  was  several  times  elected 
to  the  State  legislature,  and  died  October  22,  1843. 

Kendall,  Charles  West,  was  born  at  Sears- 
mont,  Maine,  April  22,  1828;  was  educated  at  Phil 
lips  Academy,  Massachusetts,  and  attended  a  partial 
course  of  studies  at  Yale  College ;  removed  to  the 
Pacific  coast;  studied  law  in  Sacramento,  California, 
and  commenced  practice  ;  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  the  State  of  California  in  1861  and 
1862;  removed  to  Hamilton,  Nevada;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Nevada  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,821  votes 
against  6,491  votes  for  T.  Fitch,  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,847 
votes  against  7,146  votes  for  C.  C.  Goodwin,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Kendall,  Jonas,  was  born  at  Worcester,  Mas 
sachusetts,  June  6,  1757;  received  an  academical 
education;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  for  several  years  from  the  town  of 


480 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Leominster;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mas 
sachusetts  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  died  at  Leomin 
ster,  Massachusetts,  October  29,  1844. 

Kendall,  Joseph  G.,  was  born  at  Leominster, 
Massachusetts,  in  1788;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1810;  was  a 
tutor  there  1812-1819;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829, 'to  March  2,  1833; 
was  clerk  of  the  courts  of  Worcester  County;  died  at 
Worcester,  Massachusetts,  October  2,  1847. 

Kenna,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Valcoulon,  Vir 
ginia  (now  West  Virginia),  April  10,  1848;  lived  and 
worked  on  a  farm;  entered  the  Confederate  army  as 
a  private  soldier;  was  wounded  in  that  service  in 
1864,  and  was  surrendered  at  Shreveport,  Louisiana, 
in  18G5;  afterwards  attended  St.  Vincent's  College, 
Wheeling ;  studied  law  with  Miller  and  Quarrier  at 
Charleston;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  June  20,  1870, 
and  commenced  practice;  was  elected  prosecuting- 
attorney  for  Kanawha  County  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1872,  and  served  until  January  1,  1877;  in 
1875  was  elected  by  the  bar  in  the  respective  counties, 
under  statutory  provision,  to  hold  the  circuit  courts 
of  Lincoln  and  Wayne ;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  West  Virginia  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  20,192  votes  against  12,719 
votes  for  B.  J.  Redmond,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Kennedy,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1810; 
was  apprenticed  to  a  blacksmith;  educated  himself 
after  he  became  of  age;  removed  to  Muncietown, 
Indiana;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1847;  died  at 
Muncietown,  Indiana,  December  31,  1847. 

Kennedy,  Anthony,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  in  1811;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Vir 
ginia  in  1821;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Jefferson  Academy,  Charlestown,  Virginia ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  did 
not  practise;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1839-1843 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
2,746  votes  against  3.053  votes  for  Henry  Bedinger, 
Democrat;  returned  to  Baltimore  in  1850;  was  elect 
ed  a  United-States  senator  from  Maryland  as  a 
Unionist,  serving  from  March  4,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1863. 

Kennedy,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  October  25,  1795;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Baltimore  College  in  1812; 
studied  law  with  William  Wirt;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1816,  and  commenced  practice  at  Baltimore ; 
served  in  the  war  with  Great  Britain,  and  was  at  the 
battles  of  Bladensburg  and  North  Point;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1820  and  1822;  was  commissioned  secretary  of  lega 
tion  to  Chili  January  27,  1823,  but  resigned  without 
going  there;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  Isaac  McKim,  Demo 
crat,  who  received  232  majority ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Isaac  McKim,  deceased)  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  7,153  votes  against  6,952  votes  for  W.  H. 
Mariott,  Democrat,  serving  from  April  30,  183S,  to 
March  3,  1839 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,632  votes 
against  8,018  votes  for  James  Carroll,  Democrat; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in 
1840;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,733  votes  against  7,654  votes  for 
Gallagher,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from  May  31,  1841, 
to  March  3,  1845;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the 


navy  by  President  Fillmore,  serving  July  22,  1852- 
March  3,  1853  ;  died  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island, 
August  18,  1870.  He  published  "The  Red  Book" 
1818-1819,  "  A  Review  of  the  Cambridge  Free-Trade 
Report"  1830,  "  Report  on  United-States  Commerce 
and  Navigation"  1842,  "Report  on  the  Warehouse 
System"  1843,  "Defence  of  the  Whigs"  1844, 
"Swallow  Barn"  1832,  "Horse-Shoe  Robinson" 
1835,  "Rob  of  the  Bowl"  1838,  "Quod  Libet " 
1840,  "Memoirs  of  William  Wirt"  1849,  and  many 
other  political  essays,  historical  sketches,  and  re 
views.  His  life  was  published  by  H.  T.  Tuckerman 
in  1871. 

Kennedy,  William,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Eighth  Congress 
as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  October  17,.  1803,  to 
March  3,  1805;  was  again  elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1811 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Federal  candidate  for  the 
Twelfth  Congress  by  Thomas  Blount,  Democrat ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Thomas  Blount,  deceased);  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  January  30,  1813, 
to  March  2,  1815. 

Kennett,  Luther  M.,  was  born  at  Falmouth, 
Kentucky,  March  15,  1807;  received  an  academical 
education ;  was  deputy-clerk  of  the  Pendleton-county 
Court;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
removed  to  Missouri  in  1825,  and  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits,  finally  locating  at  St.  Louis;  was  a 
member  of  the  city  council  in  1842;  was  chairman 
of  the  Pacific  Railroad  Convention  held  at  St.  Louis 
in  1850,  and  a  vice-president  of  the  Pacific  Railroad 
Company  subsequently  formed;  was  mayor  of  St. 
Louis  1850-1853;  was  president  of  the  St.  Louis  and 
Iron-Mountain  Railroad  1853;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  6,259  votes  against 
5,298  votes  for  Benton,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  defeated  as 
the  American  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,549  votes  against  6,035  votes  for  F. 
P.  Blair,  Free-toiler,  and  2,181  votes  for  Reynolds, 
Democrat. 

Kennon,  "William,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  St. 
Clairsville,  Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 

2,  1833;    was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 

3,  1837 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Kent,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Calvert  County, 
Maryland,  in  1779;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine,  and  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice;  also  carried  on  a  landed  estate  near  Bladens 
burg  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in 
the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  C.  F. 
Mercer,  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March 
2, 1815 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
and  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  January  6,  1826,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  elected  governor  of  Maryland,  serving  1826- 
1829 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mary 
land  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
November  24,  1837,  when  he  died  at  his  home,  near 
Bladensburg.  Maryland. 

Kent,  Moss,  was  born  in  Rensselaer  County, 
New  York ;  studied  law  with  his  brother,  Chancellor 
James  Kent,  and  commenced  practice  at  Le  Rays- 
ville,  Jefferson  County;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1807  and  in  1810;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist ;  was  re-elected  to 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


481 


the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
to  March  3,  1817;  "was  register  of  the  State  Court  oi 
Chancery. 

Kenyon,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Kingston, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Eepublican,  receiving 
8,100  votes  against  8,007  votes  for  Strong,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Kernan,  Francis,  was  born  at  Tyrone,  New 
York,  January  14,  1810;  finished  his  education  at 
Georgetown  College,  District  of  Columbia;  studied 
law  at  Utica  with  Joshua  II.  Spencer;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  became  Mr.  Spencer's  partner;  was 
reporter  of  the  Court  of  Appeals;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  legis 
lature  in  1801;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,943  votes  against  9,845  votes  for 
Eoscoe  Colliding,  Republican;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  10.810  votes  against  11,900  votes  for  Eoscoe 
Coukling,  Eepublican;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1807-1808;  was  the 
Democratic  and  Liberal  candidate  for  governor  of 
New  York  in  1862;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  York  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed 
E.  E.  Fenton,  Liberal),  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 
1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3, 1881. 

Kerr,  John,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serv- 
ingf  rom  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Kerr,  John,  was  born  in  North  Carolina;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Yanceyville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  0,037  votes  against  903  votes  for  Eancher, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3.  1855 ;  M\IS  defeated  as  the  Conservative  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  3,447  votes 
against  0.752  votes  for  Edward  G.  Eeade,  American. 

Kerr,  John  Bozman,  was  born  at  Easton, 
Maryland.  March  5,  1809;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1830; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Easton ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Eepresentatives  1830-1838;  was  dep 
uty-attorney-general  for  Talbot  County  1847-1849; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  3,457  votes, 
without  opposition,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1851;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  but  resigned,  having  been  commis 
sioned  charje  d'affaires  to  Nicaragua,  serving  March 
12,  1851- June  1,  1853;  returning  home,  he  resumed 
practice  at  Baltimore,  and  subsequently  at  St. 
Michael's,  Maryland;  was  appointed  a  United-States 
solicitor  before  the  Court  of  Claims;  was  a  clerk 
in  the  office  of  the  sixth  auditor  of  the  treasury;  and 
died  at  Washington  City  of  heart-disease,  after  a  few 
hours'  illness,  January  28,  1878. 

Kerr,  John  L.,  was  born  at  Greenbury  Point, 
near  Annapolis,  Maryland,  January  15, 1780;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  St.  John's  Col 
lege  in  1799;  studied  law  with  John  Leeds  Bozman; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Easton :  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  27 
majority  over  Thomas  Emory;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  218  majority,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  by  Eichard  Spencer,  and  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-Second  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket  in  1840; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Maryland 
(in  place  of  John  S.  Speuce,  deceased),  serving  from 


January  13,  1841,  to  March  3, 1843;  died  near  Easton, 
Maryland,  February  21,  1844. 

Kerr,  Joseph,  was  elected  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Ohio  in  place  of  Thomas  Worthington, 
resigned,  serving  from  December  30,  1814,  to  March 
2,  1815. 

Kerr,  Michael  C.,  was  born  at  Titusville, 
Pennsylvania,  March  15,  18^7;  received  an  academic 
education;  graduated  with  the  degree  of  bachelor 
of  laws  at  the  Louisville  University  in  1851;  com 
menced  the  practice  of  law  in  1852  in  New  Albany; 
was  elected  city-attorney  in  1854,  and  prosecuting- 
attoruey  of  Floyd  County  in  1855 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1850  and  1857;  was  elected 
reporter  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Indiana  in  1802, 
and  edited  five  volumes  of  reports;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,407  votes 
against  9,014  votes  for  W.  W.  Curry,  Eepublican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
13,421  votes  against  11,678  votes  for  Gresham,  Ee 
publican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  18,779  votes  against  12,343  votes  for 
Gresham,  Eepublican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  10,950  votes  against 
11,116  votes  for  Carr,  Eepublican,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  defeated  as 
a  Democratic  candidate  at.  large  for  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  188,502  votes  against  188,664 
votes  for  Godlove  S.  Orth,  Eepublican;  was  elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  13,891  votes  against  12,582  votes  for  James  A. 
Cravens,  Independent  Granger  and  Inflation  Demo 
crat;  was  elected  speaker;  but  consumption  had 
marked  him  as  a  victim,  and,  retiring  to  Eock-Alum 
Springs,  Virginia,  he  died  there  August  19,  1876. 

Kerrigan,  James  E.,  was  born  in  Ireland; 
received  a  public-school  education;  immigrated  to 
the  United  States,  and  located  at  New-York  City; 
was  clerk  of  the  Police  Court ;  was  a  member  of  the 
City  Council ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,145  votes  against  3,989  votes  for  Thorny, 
Fusion,  and  3,324  votes  for  Commerford,  Eepublican, 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1803;  com 
manded  a  regiment  of  New-York  volunteer  infantry 
in  the  Union  army  while  holding  his  seat  in  Con 
gress. 

Kershaw,  John,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  a  thorough  English  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May 
24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Madison  a  member  of  the  commission  to  estab 
lish  the  boundaries  of  the  Creek  Nation. 

Ketcham,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Dover,  New 
York,  December  21,  1832;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  became  interested  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  town-supervisor  in  1854  and  1855;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Assembly  of  New  York  in  1856  and 
1857;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  New 
York  in  1860  and  181>1 ;  entered  the  Union  army  as 
colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fiftieth  Volunteers 
in  1862,  and  was  appointed  brigadier-general,  serving 
until  he  resigned  in  March,  1856,  to  take  the  seat  in 
Congress  to  which  he  had  been  elected;  he  was 
afterwards  appointed  major-general  by  brevet ;  wad 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Tb'«-- 
ty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Eepublican,  receiving  12,2*9 
votes  against  11,559  votes  for  Homer  A.  Nelson, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  12,535  votes  against  10,840  votes  for  C.  P. 
Collier,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  13,569  votes  against  13,141  votes 
tor  Wheaton,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  14,432  votes  against  11,748 
votes  for  Philip,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
4, 1865,  to  March  3, 1873 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Eepub- 
ican  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  13,932  votes  against  14,860  votes  for  John  O. 


482 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Whitehouse,  Liberal  Democrat;  was  a  commissioner 
of  the  District  of  Columbia  July  3,  1874- June  30, 
1877 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  18,225  votes  against  10,113  votes  for  Davies, 
Democrat,  and  223  votes  for  Peter  Denny,  Prohibi 
tionist. 

Ketchum,  Winthrop  W.,  was  born  at  Wilkes- 
barre  June  29,  1820;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  was  teacher  of  languages  and  mathematics  in 
the  Wyoming  Seminary  for  four  years;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850;  was  prothono- 
tary  of  Luzerne  County  three  years ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1858,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1859;  was  solicitor  of  the  United- 
States  Court  of  Claims  in  1864-18(30;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,932 
votes  against  7,1G5  votes  for  Hendrick  B.  Wright, 
Democrat,  and  019  votes  for  Smith,  Prohibitionist, 
serving  from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  United-States  courts  for  the 
Western  District  of  Pennsylvania. 

Key,  David  McKendree,  was  born  in  Greene 
County,  Tennessee,  January  27,  1824;  his  family 
moved  in  1826  into  Monroe  County,  where  he  was 
raised  on  a  farm,  studying  at  the  winter  schools; 
entered  Hiawassee  College  in  1845,  and  graduated  in 
1850;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
entered  into  practice  at  Chattanooga  in  1853 ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  and  Breckin- 
ridge  ticket  in  1856,  and  on  the  Breckinridge  arid 
Blair  ticket  in  1860 ;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in 
1861,  and  served  through  the  entire  war  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Forty-third  Tennessee  Infantry ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Tennessee  in  1870;  was  chancellor  of  the  Third 
Chancery  District  1870-1875;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  8,960  votes  against  10,041  votes  for  William 
Crutchiield,  Republican;  was  appointed  by  Governor 
Porter  United-States  senator  from  Tennessee  as  a 
Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death 
of  Andrew  Johnson),  serving  from  December  6, 1875, 
to  January  29,  1877 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 
election  to  the  United-States  Senate  (receiving  all 
the  Republican  votes)  by  James  E.  Bailey,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  appointed  by  President  Hayes  postmaster- 
general,  serving  from  March  12,  1877. 

Key,  Philip,  was  born  in  St.  Mary's  County, 
Maryland,  in  1750;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was 
a  local  magistrate;  served  in  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives,  and  was  one  year  its  speaker  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Sec 
ond  Congress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to 
March  2,  1793:  died  on  his  estate,  in  St.  Mary's 
County,  January  4,  1820. 

Key,  Philip  Barton,  was  born  in  Cecil  County, 
Maryland,  in  1765;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  joined  the  British  army  after  the  declaration  of 
independence,  and  received  in  1778  a  commission  in 
the  Maryland  Loyalists'  Regiment;  served  in  Florida, 
was  made  prisoner  there,  and,  when  released  on 
parole,  went  to  England;  after  peace  was  declared 
he  retired  on  half-pay,  which  he  resigned  in  1807; 
returned  to  Maryland  in  1785,  and  settled  at  An 
napolis  in  1790;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1794,  and  was  re-elected 
several  times;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
defeating  Wampler,  and,  after  much  opposition,  was 
admitted  to  his  seat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh 
and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  26, 
1807,  to  March  3,  1813 ;  died  at  Georgetown,  District 
of  Columbia,  July  28,  1815. 

Keyes,  Elias,  was  born  at  Ashford,  Connecti 
cut;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Stockbridge,  Vermont;  was  a  State  councillor  1803- 
1818,  and  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  for  eighteen  years;  was  elected  a  repre 


sentative  from  Vermont  in  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March 
3,  1823. 

Kidder,  David,  was  born  at  Dresden,  Maine, 
December  8, 1787 ;  received  an  academical  education  ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in,  and  com 
menced  practice  at,  Norriclgewock ;  was  county-attor 
ney  of  Somerset  County  1811-1823;  was  an  editorial 
contributor  to  "The  Somerset-county  Journal;" 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1829 ;  died  at  Norridge- 
wock,  Maine,  November  1,  1860. 

Kidder,  Jefferson  P.,  was  born  at  Braintree, 
Vermont;  received  a  common-school  education ;  was 
trained  to  agricultural  pursuits;  taught  school;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Nor 
wich  University,  and  was  a  tutor  therein;  received 
in  1848  the  degree  of  master  of  arts  from  the  Uni 
versity  of  Vermont ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
of  Vermont  in  1843;  was  State's  attorney  in  1842- 
1847 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Vermont 
in  1847-1848;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Vermont  in 
1853-1854;  removed  to  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  in  1857; 
was  elected  a  provisional  delegate  from  Dakota  Ter 
ritory  while  visiting  there  in  1859;  was  a  member  of 
the  Minnesota  House  of  Representatives  in  1861, 
1863,  and  1864;  was  appointed  in.  1865  an  associate 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  for  Dakota  Terri 
tory,  and  removed  there;  was  re-appointed  in  18G9, 
and  again  in  1873,  and  resigned  after  having  dis 
charged  the  duties  of  that  oflice  for  ten  years ;  and 
was  elected  a  delegate  from  Dakota  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  a  majority 
of  2,408  votes  over  Moses  K.  Armstrong,  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
6,199  votes  against  2,413  votes  for  S.  L.  Spink, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1876. 

Kidwell,  Zedekiah,  was  born  in  Fairfax  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  January  4,  1814;  received  a  thorough 
English  education ;  studied  medicine,  graduating  at 
Jefferson  Medical  College  of  Philadelphia  in  1839; 
after  practising  medicine  for  several  years,  he  turned 
his  attention  to  the  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1849,  and  practised  at  Fairmont,  Virginia;  served  in 
the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1849 ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket 
in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  no 
opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,452  votes  against  6,249  votes  for 
Pendleton,  American,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Public  Works  in  1857 ;  died  at  Fair 
mont,  Virginia,  April  27,  1872. 

Kilbourn,  James,  was  born  at  New  Britain, 
Connecticut,  October  19,  1770;  received  a  classical 
education ;  studied  theology,  and  took  orders  in  the 
Episcopal  Church;  was  the  founder  of  the  town  of 
Worthington,  Ohio,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Scioto 
Land  Company;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  New- 
England  Lodge  of  Freemasons  at  Worthington;  was 
appointed  United-States  surveyor  of  public  lands  in 
1805;  was  appointed  one  of  the  commissioners  to  fix 
the  boundary  of  the  Virginia  reservation;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  trustees  of  Worthington  College;  was 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  May  24,  1813,  until  March  3,  1817;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Ohio 
legislature  in  1823,  and  again  in  1828;  and  died  at 
Worthington,  Ohio,  April  24,  1850. 

Kilgensmith,  John,  jun.,  was  born  in  Penn 
sylvania;  resided  at  Stewartsville;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


483 


ty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to ! 
March  3,  1839. 

Kilgore,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  good  English  education;  removed  to  Ohio,  and 
located  at  Cadiz ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  Hum 
phrey  H.  Leavitt,  resigned)  as  a  Jackson  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1834,  to  1838, 
when  he  resigned ;  died  at  New  York  December  12, 
1851. 

Kilgore,  David,  was  born  in  Harrison  County, 
Kentucky.  April  3,  1804 ;  removed  with  his  father  to 
Franklin  County,  Indiana,  in  1819;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1830,  and  commenced  practice  at  Yorktown, 
Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1833-1838;  was  elected  by  the  legislature 
president-judge  of  his  judicial  circuit,  serving  1839- 
1844;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1850;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  and  its  speaker  1854; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,132  votes  against  7,183  votes  for  Johnson,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  9,383  votes  against  5,921  votes  for  Develin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
3,  1861 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Con 
vention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866. 

Kille,  Joseph,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  resided  at  Salem; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  W. 
Halsted  on  a  general  ticket,  serving  from  March  10, 
1840,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  the  election  of  Mr.  Kille  and 
four  other  representatives  was  unsuccessfully  con 
tested,  and  they  were  finally  admitted  to  their  seats. 

Killinger,  John  W.,  was  born  September  18, 
1825;  graduated  from  Marshall  College,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1843;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
January,  1846;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  Leba 
non  County  until  1849 ;  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Representatives  of  Pennsylvania  for  the  sessions  of 
1850  and  1851;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in 
1854,  serving  three  years ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  8,897  votes  against  5,589  votes 
for  Weidle,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  12.246  votes  against  7,488 
votes  for  Worrell,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  11, 326  votes  against 
10,696  vot<^  for  C.  D.  Gloninger,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
14.419  votes  against  11,049  votes  for  13.  Reilly,  Dem 
ocrat. 

Kimball,  Alanson  M.,  was  born  at  Buxton, 
Maine,  March  12,  1827;  received  an  academic  and 
business  education;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1852, 
and  engaged  in  farming  and  mercantile  pursuits; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Wisconsin  in 
1803-1864,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
14,733  votes  against  14,641  votes  for  Gabriel  Bouck, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March 
3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate 
for  representative  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  17,847  votes  against  20,623  votes  for  Gabriel 
Bouck,  Democrat. 

Kimmell,  William,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland;  received  a  classical  education,  which  was 
completed  at  St.  Mary's  and  Baltimore  Colleges; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Baltimore;  devoted  much  time  to  agricultural 
pursuits,  and  to  the  study  of  the  commercial  and 
manufacturing  interests  of  the  country;  was  a  State 
director  in  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  and  a 
director  in  the  Canton  Company  of  Baltimore,  in  the 
Union  Railroad  Company,  and  in  the  Western  Mary 
land  Extension;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Demo 


cratic  Committee  from  1862  to  1866;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  National  Democratic  Convention  which  nomi 
nated  George  B.  McClellan  for  President  in  1864; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  950  votes  against 
4,677  votes  for  John  L.  Thomas,  jun.,  Republican; 
served  in  the  Maryland  State  Senate  from  1866  to  1871 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,251 
votes  against  8,592  votes  for  Goldsborough,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Kincaid,  John,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Stanford ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

King,  Adam,  was  born  at  York,  Pennsylvania ; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  medicine, 
and  practised  at  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1827,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  defeated  as  the 
Jackson  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  by  Charles  A.  Barnitz,  Clay  Democrat;  died 
at  York,  Pennsylvania,  May  6,  1835. 

King,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Greenbrier  County, 
Virginia,  March  20,  1812 ;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law,  and  practised  at  St.  Charles, 
Missouri ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Missouri 
in  1846;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1858 ;  was  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  the 
Nineteenth  Judicial  Circuit  of  Missouri  from  1859  to 
1864 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  10,390  votes  against  3,227  votes  for  E.  Draper, 
Administration  Republican,  and  3,803  votes  for  D.  P. 
Dyer,  Liberal  Republican. 

King,  Austin  A.,  was  born  in  Sullivan  County, 
Tennessee,  September  20,  1801 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1822 ;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1830,  and  prac 
tised  at  Richmond;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1834  and  in  1836;  was  circuit- 
judge  for  Ray  County  1837-1848;  was  governor  of 
Missouri  1848-1853 ;  was  again  circuit-judge  for  Ray 
County  1862-1863 ;  resigned,  having  been  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,243  votes  against 
2,857  votes  for  Birch,  Secession,  and  644  votes  for 
Bouton,  Secession,  and  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3, 1865;  was  defeated  as  a  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
695  votes  against  3,498  votes  for  Burt  Van  Horn, 
Radical,  and  3,226  votes  for  Elijah  H.  Norton,  Dem 
ocrat;  died  at  St.  Louis  April  22,  1870. 

King,  Cyrus  (half-brother  of  Rufus  King),  was 
born  at  Scarborough,  Massachusetts  (afterwards 
Maine),  September  16,  1772;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1794 ;  was 
private  secretary  to  Rufus  King ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in,  and  commenced  practice  at, 
Saco ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  died  at  Saco  April 
25,  1817. 

King,  Daniel  Putnam,  was  born  at  Danvers, 
Massachusetts,  in  1800;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1823;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  abandoned  the  pro 
fession,  and  devoted  himself  to  the  cultivation  of  a 
farm  inherited  by  his  wife  at  Danvers;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1836-1837 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1838-1841,  serving 
the  last  term  as  its  president:  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1843-1844,  and 
speaker  of  that  body ;  was  a  trustee  of  the  State  Lu 
natic  Hospital ;  several  unsuccessful  attempts  having 
been  made  to  elect  a  representative  from  his  district, 


484 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


he  Avas  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
83  majority ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  1,300  majority  over  all  other  candi 
dates;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  on 
the  second  trial,  receiving  3,735  votes  against  1,021 
votes  for  Dike,  Democrat,  and  608  scattering;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  July  25,  1850,  when  he 
died  (having  returned  from  Washington  suffering 
from  dysentery)  at  South  Danvers,  Massachusetts. 

King,  George  C.,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Brown 
University  in  1825;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Newport;  was  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Representatives,  and  one  year  its 
speaker ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and 
Fillmore  ticket  in  1849 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  2,005  votes  against  1,250  votes  for 
Brown,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sec 
ond  Congress,  receiving  3,492  votes  against  3,276  votes 
for  Sayles,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 1849, 
to  March  3,  1853 ;  died  at  Newport  July  17,  1870. 

King,  Henry,  was  born  at  Hampden,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1790;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied 
law  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylvania;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1815,  and  commenced  practice  at  Allen- 
town;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1830; 
waff  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835;  resumed 
his  legal  practice ;  died  at  Allentown  July  13,  1861. 

King,  James  Gore  (son  of  Rufus  King),  was 
born  at  New-York  City  May  8,  1791 ;  his  father  took 
him  to  England,  where  he  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  and  on  his  return  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
iu  1810;  he  studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  (Connecticut) 
School,  but  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  the 
successive  firms  of  King  &  Gracie,  Prince,  Ward,  & 
King,  and  James  G.  King  &  Sons ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  9,679  votes  against  6,716 
votes  for  Hollingworth,  Democrat,  and  677  votes  for 
Opdyke,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  for  several  years  a  lead 
ing  member  of  the  New- York  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
and  its  president  when  he  died  at  Highwood,  New 
Jersey,  opposite  New- York  City,  October  3,  1853. 

King,  John,  was  born  in  1775;  resided  at  New 
Lebanon;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March 
2, 1833;  died  at  New  Lebanon,  New  York,  September 
1,  1838. 

King,  John  Alsop  (eldest  son  of  Rufus  King), 
was  born  at  New- York  City  January  3,  1788;  was 
educated  at  Harrow  School,  England,  and  at  Paris; 
served  throughout  the  war  of  1812  as  lieutenant  of 
cavalry ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1819-1821;  was  State  senator  in  1823;  was 
commissioned  secretary  of  the  legation  at  London, 
his  father  being  minister,  May  5,^1825;  was  charge 
d'affaires  from  June  15  to  August  8,  1826;  resigned 
August  12,  1826;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1832  and  in  1840;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,397  votes  against 
2,457  votes  for  Jones,  Democrat,  and  2,332  votes  for 
Brown,  Cass  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  governor  of  the  State  of 
New  York  1856-1858 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket  in  1860;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  New  York  to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861 ; 
was  devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  was  for 
years  prominently  connected  with  the  Queen's-coun- 
ty  Agricultural  Society,  the  New-York  State  Agricul 
tural  Society,  and  the  United-States  Agricultural 
Society;  died  at  Jamaica,  Long  Island,  July  7, 1867. 


King,  John  P.,  resided  at  Augusta,  Georgia; 
held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Georgia  (in  place  of  George  M.  Troup, 
resigned)  as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1834,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
November  1,  1837,  when  he  resigned. 

King,  Perkins,  was  born  at  New  Marlborough, 
Massachusetts,  January  12,  1784;  received  an  aca 
demical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Greenville,  New 
York,  in  1802;  was  county-judge  of  Greene  County 
1826-1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1827;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829, 
to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Freehold,  Greene  County, 
November  29,  1875. 

King,  Preston,  was  born  at  Ogdensburg,  New 
York,  October  14, 1806;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Union  College  in  1827 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Ogdensburg;  established  and  edited  "The  St.  Law 
rence  Republican"  as  an  advocate  of  General  Jack 
son;  was  postmaster  at  Ogdensburg;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1834-1837; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,578  votes  against  4,785  votes  for  Sherman,  Whig, 
and  335  votes  for  Northrup,  Abolitionist;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  8,145 
votes  against  6,295  votes  for  Hopkins,  Whig,  and  612 
votes  for  Mitchell,  American,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free-soil  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  7,309  votes  against  5,133  votes  for  Squire,  Whig, 
and  1,325  votes  for  Dodge,  Cass  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,101 
votes  against  4,898  votes  for  Grant,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  New  York  as  a  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1857,  to  March  3,  1863 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  New- York  City;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1864;  was  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of 
New  York  by  President  Johnson  August  15,  1865; 
committed  suicide  by  jumping,  heavily  weighted, 
from  a  ferry-boat  into  the  Hudson  River,  November 
13,  1865. 

King,  Rufus  (half-brother  of  Cyrus  King,  and 
father  of  John  A.  King  and  James  G.  King),  was 
born  at  Scarborough,  Massachusetts  (afterwards 
Maine),  March  24,  1755;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1777;  studied 
law  with  Theophilus  Parsons  at  Newburyport ;  was 
aide-de-camp  to  General  Glover  in  the  expedition 
against  the  British  occupants  of  Rhode  Island  in 
1778;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Newburyport  in  1780;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1782 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1784-1786;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1787;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Constitutional  Convention;  removed  to  New-York 
City  in  1788;  was  a  member  of  the  New- York  State 
legislature  in  1789;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  New  York  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  May  18,  1796,  when  he  resigned, 
having  received  a  diplomatic  appointment;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Washington  minister  to  Great 
Britain,  serving  May  20, 1796-May  18, 1803;  was  again 
elected  a  senator  from  New  York,  and  re-elected, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1825;  was 
again  appointed  minister  to  Great  Britain  by  Presi 
dent  John  Quincy  Adams,  serving  May  5,  1825-June 
16,  1826;  on  his  return  he  retired  to  his  country-seat 
at  Jamaica,  Long  Island,  and  died  there  April  29, 
1827. 

King,  Rufus  H.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Catskill,  Greene  County ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  iu  the  Thirty-fourth 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


485 


Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,576  votes  against 
5,042  votes  for  Strong,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  removed  to  Albany, 
where  he  became  president  of  the  State  National 
Bank  and  of  the  Albany  Insurance  Company. 

King,  T.  Butler,  was  born  at  Hampden,  Massa 
chusetts,  August  27,  1804;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in, 
and  commenced  practice  at,  Waynesville,  Georgia; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1832,  1834, 
1835,  and  1837;  became  interested  in  agricultural 
pursuits ;  was  defeated  as  a  State-rights  Whig  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  on  a  general 
ticket ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Whig, 
receiving  32,090  votes  against  30,912  votes  for  Patter 
son,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  39,257  votes  against 
35,357  votes  for  Junius  Hillyer,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  3,808  votes  against  3,074  votes 
for  Spalding,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  3,324  votes  against 
2,227  votes  for  Cohen,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  election  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  3.549  votes  against  4,379  votes  for 
Joseph  W.  Jackson,  State-rights^Democrat ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Taylor  collector  of  the  port  of 
San  Francisco,  serving  1850-1851 ;  returned  to  Geor 
gia;  was  sent  by  the  Confederate  Government  in 
1862  a  commissioner  to  Europe ;  and  died  at  Waynes- 
borough,  Georgia,  May  10,  1864. 

King,  William  flufus,  was  bora  in  Sampson 
County,  North  Carolina,  April  7,  1786;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1803 ;  studied  law  under  William 
Duffy  of  Fayetteville ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1806,  and  commenced  practice  at  Clinton;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  Alabama  in  1808 
and  1809;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  as  a  War  Democrat,  serving  from  Novem 
ber  4,  1811,  until  he  resigned  to  accompany  William 
Pinckney  of  Maryland  to  Russia  as  secretary  of  lega 
tion  April  23,  1816 ;  returned  from  Europe  in  1818, 
and  settled  at  Cahawba,  Alabama,  as  a  cotton-planter ; 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  which  framed  the 
Constitution  of  Alabama;  was  elected  United-States 
senator,  serving  from  March  4, 1819,  until  he  resigned 
to  accept  from  President  Tyler  the  appointment  of 
minister  to  France  April  9,  1844,  having  presided 
the  six  last  years  as  president  pro  tempore ;  was  min 
ister  to  France  from  April  9,  1844,  until  September 
15,  1846 ;  was  again  appointed  to  the  United-States 
Senate  (in  the  place  of  A.  P.  Bagby,  resigned),  and 
was  then  re-elected,  serving  from  December  7,  1846, 
to  March  4,  1853,  and  again  presiding  as  president  pro 
tempore ;  was  elected  Vice-President  on  the  Pierce 
ticket  in  1852  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  254  electoral 
votes  against  42  electoral  votes  for  W.  R.  Graham, 
Whig;  having  gone  to  Cuba  for  his  health,  he  took 
his  oath  of  office  at  Havana,  March  4,  1853 ;  return 
ing  to  his  home  at  Cahawba,  Alabama,  he  died  there 
the  next  day,  April  18,  1853. 

King,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Malone,  New 
York.  December  16,  1828 ;  received  a  common-school 
education;  is  by  occupation  a  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser  ;  was  postmaster  of  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  the  Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  Fortieth, 
Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Congresses;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Minnesota  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,179 
votes  against  15,860  votes  for  Eugene  M.  Wilson, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Kingsbury,  William  W.,  was  born  at  To- 
wanda,  Pennsylvania,  June  4,  1828;  received  a  pub 


lic-school  education,  and  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  re 
moved  to  Minnesota,  and  located  at  Endion;  was  a 
member  of  the  Territorial  legislature  in  1855,  and 
again  in  1856;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention 
which  framed  the  State  Constitution ;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Minnesota  Territory  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Kinloch,  Francis,  was  a  delegate  from  South 
Carolina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1781. 

Kinnard,  George  L.,  was  born  in  1803;  re 
moved  to  Indiana,  and  located  at  Indianapolis ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  J.  Crawford, 
National  Repiiblican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  until  he  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  November 
25,  1836,  from  injuries  received  near  there  on  the 
16th  of  that  month  by  the  explosion  of  the  boiler  of 
the  steamer  "Flora."  He  was  on  his  way  to  Phila 
delphia  to  be  married,  and  his  bride  was  to  have  ac 
companied  him  to  Washington. 

Kinney,  John  Fitch,  was  born  at  New  Haven, 
New  York,  April  2,  1816;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1837,  and  commenced  practice  at  Marysville.  Ohio; 
removed  in  1839  to  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  and  again 
in  1844  to  Lee  County,  Iowa;  was  secretary  of  the 
Territorial  Legislative  Council  of  Iowa;  was*  a  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Iowa  1846-185;);  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Pierce  chief  justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Utah,  serving  1854-1857;  removed  to 
Nebraska  in  1857,  and  practised  law  there ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Buchanan  chief  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Utah,  serving  1860-1863:  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Utah  Territory  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  no  opposi 
tion,  serving  from  December  7, 1863,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Kinsella,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1832 ; 
received  a  common-school  education ;  studied  the  art 
of  printing  at  the  compositor's  case,  and  the  profes 
sion  of  editing  at  the  reporter's  desk,  graduating  as 
the  editor  of  "  The  Brooklyn  Eagle,"  a  position 
which  he  has  occupied  for  many  years;  he  has  held 
various  local  offices  at  Brooklyn,  among  them  those 
of  water  commissioner  and  member  of  the  board  of 
education ;  was  nominated  as  postmaster  of  that  city 
in  1866,  and  again  in  1867  by  President  Johnson,  but 
was  each  time  rejected  by  the  Senate;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  20,704 
votes  against  12,482  votes  for  S.  B.  Dutcher,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Kinsey,  Charles,  was  born  at  Paterson,  New 
Jersey ;  received  an  academic  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
defeating  John  Condict,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Kinsey,  James,  was  born  at  Burlington,  New 
Jersey,  in  1733;  took  a  leading  part  in  colonial 
affairs,  and  was  prominently  identified  with  pre- 
Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1775;  was 
appointed  chief  justice  of  New  Jersey  in  1789;  died 
at  Burlington,  New  Jersey,  January  4,  1802. 

Kinsley,  Martin,  was  born  at  Bridgewater, 
Massachusetts,  June  2,  1754;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1778 ; 
studied  medicine,  and  practised  at  Bridgewater; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  purveyor  of 
medical  supplies ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention ;  was  for  thirty  years  a  mem- 
jer  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  a 
judge  of  probate,  and  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  defeated  as 
a  candidate  for  the  Seventeenth  Congress ;  died  at 
Bridgewater,  June  20,  1835. 


486 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Kirkland,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Old  Norwich, 

Connecticut,  January  18,  1770;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1790; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  New  Hartford,  New  York;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1804-1805;  removed  to  Utica  in  1813,  and  was  ap 
pointed  State  district-attorney ;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1818,  1820, 
1821,  and  1825;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  mayor 
of  Utica  1832,  1834,  and  1835 ;  died  at  Utica  January 
26,  1844. 

Kirkpatrick,  Littleton,  was  born  at  New 
Brunswick,  New  Jersey;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1815 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  New  Brunswick ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1845 ;  was  surrogate  of  Middlesex  County ; 
died  at  New  Brunswick  August  15,  1859. 

Kirkpatrick,  William,  was  born  at  Amwell, 
New  Jersey,  November,  17(58;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1788; 
studied  medicine ;  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1795, 
and  practised  at  Amwell;  removed  to  Salina,  New 
York,  in  1806,  and  became  superintendent  of  the  Salt 
Springs ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  October  26, 
1807,  to  March  3,  1809;  died  of  cholera  at  Salina, 
New  York,  September  2,  1832. 

Kirkwood,  Samuel  J.,  was  born  in  Hartford 
County,  Maryland,  December  20,  ]813;  received  a 
limited  education  at  the  academy  of  John  McLeod, 
iu  Washington  City;  removed  to  Richland  County, 
Ohio,  in  1835,  and  studied  law  there ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1843 ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney 
in  1845,  and  again  in  1847 ;  was  in  1850-1851  a  mem 
ber  of  the  convention  that  framed  the  present  Consti 
tution  of  the  State  of  Ohio;  removed  to  Johnson 
County,  Iowa,  in  1855 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate  in  1856;  was  elected  governor  in  1859,  and  again 
in  1861 ;  was  in  1863  nominated  by  President  Lincoln 
and  confirmed  as  minister  to  Denmark,  but  declined 
the  appointment;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Iowa  as  a  Republican  (in  place  of  James  Har- 
lan,  resigned),  serving  from  January  24,  1866,  to 
March  3,  1807 ;  was  again  elected  governor  of  Iowa 
iu  1875 ;  was  again  elected  a  senator  from  Iowa,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1877.  His  term  of  service  will 
expire  March  3,  1883. 

Kirtland,  Dorrance,  was  born  at  Coxsackie, 
New  York ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Yale  College  in  1789 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from^  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Kitchell,  Aaron,  was  born  at  Hanover,  New 
Jersey,  July  10, 1844;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  learned  the  blacksmith's  trade,  and  worked  at 
it;  was  actively  engaged  in  pro-Revolutionary  move 
ments  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
in  the  Second  Congress  as  an  anti-Federalist;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1797;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey,  serving  from 
December  2,  1805,  to  1809,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Monroe  and  Tompkins 
ticket  in  1817;  died  at  Hanover,  New  Jersey,  June 
25.  1820. 

Kitchen,  Bethuel  M.,  was  born  in  Berkeley 
County,  West  Virginia,  March  21,  1812 ;  received  a 
common-school  education;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Virginia  in  18(il  and  1862;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  West  Virginia  in  1864  and  1865 ;  was  elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  but  not  admitted ;  and 


wras  elected  a  representative  from  West  Virginia  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,296  votes  against  5,190  votes  for  Andrews,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Kittera,  John  W\,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1776;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Second  Congress  as  a 
Federalist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth, 
Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses,  serving  from  October 
24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Kittera,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Philadelphia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from 'Pennsylvania  in 
the  Nineteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Joseph  Hemp- 
hill,  resigned),  serving  from  December  4,  1826,  to 
March  3,  1827 ;  died  at  Philadelphia  June  16,  1839. 

Kittredge,  George  W.,  was  born  at  Epping, 
New  Hampshire;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  medicine;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and  lo 
cated  at  Newmarket;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1847,  1851,  and  1852, 
serving  the  last  year  as  speaker ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  an  anti-Nebraska  Democrat,  receiving 
10,108  votes  against  8,962  votes  for  Tucker,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,750  votes  against 
12,611  votes  for  James  Pike,  American ;  died  of  apo 
plexy  at  Newmarket,  New  Hampshire,  January  25, 
1878. 

Knapp,  Anthony  L.,  was  born  at  Middletown, 
New  York,  June  14,  1828;  removed  with  his  father 
to  Illinois  in  1839 ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Jersey  ville;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1859-1861 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (in 
place  of  John  A.  McClernand,  resigned)  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  14,259  votes  against  7,712  votes  for  Moul- 
ton,  Republican,  serving  from  December  12,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1865. 

Knapp,  Charles,  was  born  at  Colchester,  Dela 
ware  County,  New  York,  October  8,  1797 ;  was  bred 
a  farmer ;  was  chiefly  educated  at  home,  but  taught 
school  for  a  time ;  entered  upon  mercantile  pursuits 
in  1825 ;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  the  State 
of  New  York  in  1841 ;  settled  in  the  village  of  De 
posit,  Delaware  County,  in  1848;  organized  the 
Deposit  Bank  in  1854,  which  became  a  national  bank 
in  1864,  and  of  which  he  was  president;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,949  votes 
against  14,584  votes  for  Gilbert,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Knapp,  Chauncey  L.,  was  born  at  Berlin, 
Vermont,  February  26,  1809 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  served  an  apprenticeship  to  the  art  of 
printing  at  Montpelier;  was  elected  official  legisla 
tive  reporter  in  1833 ;  was  for  several  years  the  editor 
and  proprietor  of  "The  State  Journal;"  was  secre 
tary  of  state  of  Vermont  1836-1840;  removed  to 
Lowell,  Massachusetts;  was  secretary  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  Senate  in  1851 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as 
an  American,  receiving  7,215  votes  against  3,792  votes 
for  Wentworth,  Whig,  708  votes  for  Needham,  Demo 
crat,  and  14  scattering;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,616  votes  against  3,686  votes  for  B.  F.  Butler, 
Democrat,  and  864  votes  for  A.  S.  Lewis,  Abolitionist, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859; 
resumed  the  editorship  of  "  The  Lowell  News." 

Knapp,  Robert  M.,  was  born  at  Jerseyville, 
Illinois;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Jerseyville ; 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


48T 


was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  | 
Forty-Third  Congress  as  a  Democrat  and  Liberal, 
receiving  13,818  votes  against  10,939  votes  for  A.  C. 
Matthews,  Republican,  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,949  votes  against 
12,622  votes  for  Bobbins,  Republican,  and  serving 
from  October  15,  1877. 

Knickerbocker,  Herman,  was  born  at  Al 
bany,  New  York,  July  27,  1782;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law  with  John  V.  Henry;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Albany;  inherited  a  large  property,  and  removed  to 
Scaghticoke,  nineteen  miles  north  of  Albany,  where 
he  dispensed  such  generous  hospitality  that  he  be 
came  known  as  "the  Prince  of  Scaghticoke;"  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  May 
22, 1809,  to  March  3, 1811 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1816;  was  a  county- 
judge;  became  pecuniarily  involved  in  the  later 
years  of  his  life;  died  at  Williamsburg,  New  York, 
January  30,  1855.  He  is  alluded  to  by  Washington 
Irving,  in  "Knickerbocker's  History  of  New  York," 
as  "my  cousin  the  congressman;"  and,  when  Mr. 
Irving  visited  Washington,  he  introduced  him  to 
President  Madison  as  "  my  cousin  Diedrich  Knicker 
bocker,  the  great  historian  of  New  York." 

Knight,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  Bucks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  November  22,  1787;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  with  his  parents  in  1801 
to  East  Bethlehem,  Washington  County;  became  a 
land-surveyor  and  civil  engineer ;  served  three  years 
as  county  commissioner;  was  appointed  a  commis 
sioner  to  construct  the  National  Road,  and  served 
three  years;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1822-1828;  visited  England  to  exam 
ine  the  railroads  there,  and,  on  his  return,  was 
appointed  chief  engineer  on  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
Railroad;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  9.912  votes  against  7,552  votes  for  Mont 
gomery,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1857 ;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ; 
and  died  at  East  Bethlehem,  Pennsylvania,  Novem 
ber  22,  1858. 

Knight,  Nehemiah  (father  of  Nehemiah  R. 
Knight),  was  born  in  Rhode  Island;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to 
1808,  when  he  died. 

Knight,  Nehemiah  R.  (son  of  Nehemiah 
Knight),  was  born  at  Cranston,  Rhode  Island,  De 
cember  31,  1780;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1802 ;  was  elected  clerk  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  in  1805,  and  removed  to  Providence ;  was  clerk 
of  the  Circuit  Court  1812-1817;  was  for  many  years 
president  of  the  Roger  Williams  Bank;  was  governor 
of  Rhode  Island  1817-1821 ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Madison  collector  of  customs  at  Providence; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Rhode 
Island  as  a  Whig  (in  place  of  James  Burrill,  jun.,  de 
ceased),  and  was  three  times  re-elected,  serving  from 
January  20, 1820,  to  March  3, 1841 ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1843;  died  at 
Providence,  Rhode  Island,  April  19,  1854. 

Knott,  J.  Proctor,  was  born  near  Lebanon, 
Kentucky,  August  29, 1830;  studied  law;  removed  to 
Missouri  in  May,  1850,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1851 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  Missouri  in  1857,  and  resigned  in  August, 
185U ;  was  appointed  attorney-general  of  Missouri  in 
the  same  month;  was  unanimously  nominated  for 
the  same  position  by  the  Democratic  Convention,  and 
elected  in  August,  1862 ;  returned  to  Kentucky,  and 
commenced  tne  practice  of  law  in  Lebanon  in  1863; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,199 


votes  against  2,277  votes  for  Taylor,  Republican,  and 
508  votes  for  W.  I.  Heady ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  13,166  votes  against 
1,811  votes  for  Hays,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  3, 1867,  to  March  3, 1871 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  8,182  votes  against  4,601  votes  for  C.  S.  Hill, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  15,735  votes  against  6,982  votes 
for  Lewis,  Republican,  serving  from  December  0, 
1875. 

Knowlton,  Ebenezer,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
theology;  resided  at  South  Montville,  Maine;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1844- 

1850,  serving  as  speaker  in  1844;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  5,995  votes  against 
4,072  votes  for  J.  G.  Dickcrson,  "Democrat,  and  3,587 
votes  for  E.  W.  Farley,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Knox,  James,  was  born  at  Canajoharie,  New 
York,  July  4,  1807;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1830;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Utica;  removed  to  Illinois,  and  founded  the  town 
of  Knoxville  in  1836;  devoted  himself  to  agricultu 
ral  and  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1847 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  9,866  votes  against 
9,684  votes  for  Ross,  Democrat,  and  1,290  votes  for 
Curtis,  Free-Soiler ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,146  votes  against  7,587 
votes  for  McMurtry,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  lost  his  sight,  and  vis 
ited  Europe  to  consult  celebrated  oculists  without 
receiving  any  benefit. 

Knox,  Samuel,  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  resided  at  St.  Louis ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
(having  successfully  contested  the  seat  of  Francis  P. 
Blair,  jun. )  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  June  15, 
1864,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Koontz,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Somerset, 
Pennsylvania,  July  15,  1830;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  district- 
attorney  of  Somerset  County  in  1854,  1855,  and  1850 ; 
was  clerk  and  prothonotary  for  the  courts  of  Somer 
set  County  in  1861,  1862,  and  1863;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,236  votes 
against  11,165  votes  for  Coffroth,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  13,589 
votes  against  12,9(34  votes  for  Sharpe,  Democrat, 
serving  from  July  18,  1866,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Krebs,  Jacob,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Orwigs- 
burg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Henry 
Wilson,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1826,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Kremer,  George,  was  born  in  Dauphin  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1775;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  resided  at  Lewisburg;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Kuhns,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Greensburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,745  votes  against  4,688  votes 
for  Snodgrass,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 

1851,  to  March  3,  1853;   was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
5,959  votes  against  7,968  votes  for  Drum,  Democrat. 

Kunkel,  Jacob  M.,  was  born  at  Frederick, 
Maryland,  July  23,  1822 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in 


488 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1843;  studied  law  with  Francis  Thomas;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Frederick ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1850, 
but  the  change  in  the  State  Constitution  abridged 
his  term;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  8,376  votes  against  8,208  votes  for  H.  W. 
Hoffman,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,849  votes  against  8,716 
votes  for  H.  W.  Hoffman,  American,  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  18(51 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Loyalists'  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866; 
died  at  Frederick,  Maryland,  after  a  protracted  ill 
ness,  April  9,  1S70. 

Kunkel,  John  C.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Harrisburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  8,500  votes  against  6,049  votes  for 
Eyer,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  9,227  votes  against  7,360  votes  for 
Eyer,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1859. 

Kurtz,  William  H.,  was  born  at  York,  Penn 
sylvania,  where  he  resided ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,705  votes  against 
5,372  votes  for  Smyser,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  9,523  votes  against 
7,306  votes  for  Biddle,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Kuykendall,  Andrew  Z.,  was  born  in  Gal- 
latin  County,  Illinois,  March  3,  1815;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Vienna; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  1842-1846,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1850-1862; 
entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as  major  of  the 
Thirty-first  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  served  until  his 
health  forced  him  to  resign  in  1862;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,742  votes  against 
10,759  votes  for  William  J.  Allen,  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Kyle,  G.  H.,  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress;  his  credentials  were  presented  on  the  20th  of 
December,  1865,  and  were  referred  to  the  select  Joint 
Committee  on  Reconstruction ;  a  motion  inviting  him 
to  occupy  a  seat  in  the  hall  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  was  lost  January  30,  1866. 

Labranche,  Alcee,  was  born  at  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana;  was  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren 
chanje  d'affaires  to  Texas,  serving  from  March  7, 
1837,  to  April  2, 1840,  when  he  resigned ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Lacock,  Abner,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1770; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Pennsylvania,  and  settled  in  Beaver  County;  was 
a  member,  for  several  successive  years,  of  the  State 
Senate  and  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  A. 
Tannerhill,  also  a  Democrat,  serving  from  November 
4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  an  earnest  supporter 
of  the  war  against  Great  Britain,  but  an  opponent 
of  General  Jackson;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Pennsylvania,  serving  from  May  24, 
1813,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  president  of  the  Penn 
sylvania  and  Ohio  (.'anal  Company;  died  at  Freedom, 
Pennsylvania,  April  12,  1837. 

La  Dow,  George  A.,  was  born  in  Cayuga 
County,  New  York,  March  18, 1828;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  McIIenry  County,  Illinois;  received  a 
public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  commenced  practice  in  Wis 
consin  in  1851 ;  was  elected  district-attorney  in  1860; 


removed  to  Minnesota  in  1862 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  of  Minnesota  in 
1867;  removed  to  Oregon  in  18C9;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Oregon  in 
1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Oregon  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  but  died 
May  8,  1875,  having  never  taken  his  seat. 

Laflin,  Addison  H.,  was  born  at  Lee,  Massa 
chusetts,  October  24,  1823;  graduated  at  Williams 
College,  Massachusetts,  in  1843 ;  went  to  Herkimer 
County,  New  York,  in  1849,  and  became  largely 
interested  in  the  manufacture  of  paper ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  of  New  York  in  1858  and 
1859;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  16,441  votes  against  12,704  votes  for  F.  W. 
Hubbard,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  16.498  votes  against  11,734  votes 
for  Lansing,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  16,856  votes  against 
13,5(»8  votes  for  Cornwall,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1871;  was  appointed 
by  President  Grant  naval  officer  of  the  port  of  New 
York. 

Lahm,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Leitersburg,  Mary 
land,  April  22,  1812;  was  educated  by  his  own  exer 
tions,  studying  at  Washington  College,  Pennsylvania; 
removed  in  March,  1835,  to  Indiana,  where  he 
studied  law  with  Oliver  H.  Smith;  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  1836,  and  settled  at  Canton,  Ohio,  where 
he  entered  into  partnership  with  A.  W.  Loomis,  ex- 
representative  in  Congress ;  was  appointed  master 
in  chancery  1837-1839;  was  elected  prosecuting- 
attorney  in  1838,  and  re-elected  in  1840;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1842 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore 
in  1844  which  nominated  Polk  and  Dallas ;  was  de 
feated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  by  David  A.  Starkweather,  Whig; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  an  Independent  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  a  majority  of  206  over  David  A.  Starkweather, 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849;  held  several  commissions  in  the  militia, 
attaining  the  rank  of  brigadier-general. 

Lake,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Washing 
ton  College,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mary 
land  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  removed  to  Vicksburg,  Mississippi;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  5.907  votes  against 
5,729  votes  for  Otho  R.  Singleton,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  was  de 
feated  as  the  American  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  5,130  votes  against  6,279  votes 
for  Otho  R.  Singleton,  Democrat. 

Lamar,  Henry  G.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Macon;  was 
a  judge  of  the  State  Superior  Court;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833;  was 
the  president  of  the  National  anti  Van  Buren  Con 
vention  which  assembled  at  Milledgeville  in  1836 
and  nominated  White  and  Tyler. 

Lamar,  Lucius  Q.  C.,  was  born  in  Putnam 
County,  Georgia,  September  17,  1825 ;  was  educated 
at  Oxford,  Georgia,  and  graduated  at  Emory  College, 
Georgia,  in  1845;  studied  law  at  Macon,  Georgia, 
under  the  Hon.  A.  H.  Chappell,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1847;  moved  to  Oxford,  Mississippi,  in 
1849;  was  elected  adjunct  professor  of  mathematics 
in  the  University  of  the  State,  and  held  the  position 
as  assistant  to  Dr.  A.  T.  Bledsoe  (editor  cf  "  The 
Southern  Review"),  which  he  resigned  in  1850,  and 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


489 


returned  to  Covington,  Georgia,  where  lie  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  was  elected  to  the  legislature  of 
Georgia  in  1853 ;  in  1854  moved  to  his  plantation  in 
Lafayette  County,  Mississippi,  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,818  votes  against 
2,7-38  votes  for  Alcorn,  American ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,391  votes 
without  opposition,  serving  from  December  7,  1857, 
to  January  12,  1861,  when  he  retired  from  the  House 
to  take  a  seat  in  the  Secession  Convention  of  his 
State;  in  1861  entered  the  Confederate  army  as 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Nineteenth  Regiment,  and 
was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy ;  in  1863  was  intrusted 
by  President  Davis  with  an  important  diplomatic 
mission  to  Russia;  in  1866  was  elected  professor  of 
political  economy  and  social  science  in  the  University 
of  Mississippi,  and  in  1867  was  transferred  to  the 
professorship  of  law;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  9,679  votes  against  4,954 
votes  for  R.  W.  Flournoy,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
1, 1873,  to  March  3, 1877 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Mississippi  (to  succeed  James  Lusk 
Alcorn,  Independent),  serving  from  March  4,  1877. 
His  term  of  sen-ice  will  expire  March  3,  1883. 

Lamb,  Alfred  "W.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Mis 
souri,  and  settled  at  Hannibal ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,007  votes  against  6,224 
votes  for  Porter,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Lambert,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1748;  received  an  academical  education;  served  in 
the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  vice-presi 
dent  of  the  council  and  acting-governor  in  1802  and 
1803 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
in  the  Ninth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to 
March  3,  1809;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  New  Jersey,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
March  2,  1815 ;  died  at  Amwell,  New  Jersey,  Febru 
ary  4,  1823. 

Lamison,  Charles  N.,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1826;  was  educated  at 
private  schools  and  academies;  became  a  student 
at  law  when  seventeen  years  of  age ;  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  Wooster,  Wayne  County,  Ohio,  and 
has  practised  since,  except  while  in  the  army;  was 
prosecuting-attorney  for  Allen  County,  Ohio,  one 
year  by  appointment,  and  four  years  by  elections; 
raised  a  company  in  1861,  and  entered  the  Union 
army  as  its  captain  in  the  Twentieth  Ohio  Volun 
teers,  of  which  regiment  he  was  afterwards  elected 
major,  and  served  under  Generals  McCleilan,  Hill, 
and  Rosecrans  in  West  Virginia  until  the  expiration 
of  term  of  enlistment;  was  afterward  major  of  the 
Eighty-first  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  resigned 
because  of  ill  health  in  1862;  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,993  votes  against  8,894 
votes  for  Clark,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  15,530  votes 
against  10,224  votes  for  S.  Lybrand,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Lamport,  "William  H.,  was  born  in  Pittstown, 
New  York,  May  27,  1811;  received  a  district-school 
education;  has  been  a  farmer;  was  elected  super 
visor  of  Gorham,  New  York,  in  1848  and  1849;  was 
elected  sheriff  of  Ontario  County  in  1851 ;  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Assembly  of  the  State  of  New  York 
in  1854;  was  elected  trustee  of  the  village  of  Canan- 
daigua  in  1866  and  1867,  and  president  of  the 
village;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  12,115  votes  against  9,367  votes  for  Corn- 
stock,  Democrat,  and  70  for  J.  C.  Jackson,  Independ 
ent;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  12,885  votes  against  9,730  votes  for  W.  M. 


White,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Lancaster,  Columbia,  removed  to  St.  Helena, 
Washington  Territory,  where  he  filled  several  local 
offices;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Washington 
Territory  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  serving  from 
April  12,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Landers,  Franklin,  was  born  in  Morgan 
County,  Indiana,  March  22,  1825;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and 
has  since  been  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  has 
been  interested  in  the  dry-goods  trade  since  1850, 
jobbing  at  Indianapolis  since  1865,  and  also  engaged 
in  the  pork-packing  business  at  Indianapolis  since 
1873;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Indiana 
1860-1864;  was  a  candidate  for  presidential  elector 
in  1864  on  the  Democratic  ticket  headed  by  George  B. 
McCleilan ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  In 
diana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  16,977  votes  against  16,411  votes  for  John 
Coburn,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875, 
to  March  3,  1877. 

Landers,  George  M.,  was  born  at  Lenox, 
Massachusetts,  February  22,  1813 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  to  Hartford  County, 
Connecticut,  in  1829,  and  engaged  in  hardware 
manufacturing;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1851,  1867,  and  1874,  and  cf 
the  State  Senate  in  1853,  1SC9,  and  1873;  was  ap 
pointed  State  bank  commissioner  in  1874  for  three 
years,  and  resigned  in  1875 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,432  votes  against  12,944 
votes  for  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Republican,  and  226 
votes  for  Lyons,  Prohibitionist;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,529  votes 
against  15,390  votes  for  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Repub 
lican,  and  165  votes  scattering,  and  serving  from 
December  6,  1875. 

Landrum,  John  M.,  was  born  in  Edgefield 
District,  South  Carolina,  July  3,  1815;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  South-Carolina 
College  in  1842;  taught  school;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Shreveport,  Louisiana;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,823  votes  against  3,220  votes 
for  Jones,  Opposition,  and  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Landry,  J.  Aristide,  was  born  in  Louisiana; 
resided  at  Donaldsonville ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,933  votes  against  4,500  votes 
for  Van  Winder,  Opposition,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Landy,  James,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  October  13,  1813;  received  a  public-school 
education;  worked  as  a  builder;  studied  law.  but 
abandoned  the  profession,  and  devoted  himself  to 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  school  commissioner; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,933  votes  against  0,753  votes  for  Millward,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1859;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,834  votes 
against  6,977  votes  for  Verree,  Union  Republican. 

Lane,  Amos  (father  of  James  H.  Lane),  was 
born  in  the  State  of  New  York ;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lawrenceburg,  In 
diana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature,  and 
served  one  year  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  619  majority  over  Test, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  defeating  George  H.  Dunn,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  by  George  H.  Dunn,  who  received  1,034 


490 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


majority;  died  at  Lawrenceburg,  Indiana,  July  18, 
1850. 

Lane,  Henry  S.,  was  born  in  Montgomery  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky,  February  24,  1811;  received  a  public- 
sch'ool  education ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  tbe 
bar  in  Indiana,  and  commenced  practice  at  Craw- 
fordsville;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1835;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (in  place  of  Tilghman  A. 
Howard,  resigned)  as  a  Republican,  receiving  1,456 
majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1840,  to  March  3, 
1843;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  lieutenant-colonel 
of  Indiana  volunteers;  contested  the  seat  of  J.  II. 
Bright  in  the  United-States  Senate  in  1859,  but  it 
was  not  given  to  him;  was  elected  governor  of  Indi 
ana  in  1861,  and  was  inaugurated,  but  resigned  two 
days  afterwards;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Indiana,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1867 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  National  Repub 
lican  Convention  of  1868,  and  to  the  Cincinnati  Na 
tional  Republican  Convention  of  1876. 

Lane,  James  Henry  (son  of  Amos  Lane),  was 
born  at  Lawrenceburg,  Indiana,  June  22,  1814;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  City  Council  of  Lawrence 
burg;  served  in  the  Mexican  war;  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Indiana  in  1849;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  8,783  votes  against  7,789  votes 
for  Farquhar,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  removed  to  Kansas,  and  was 
prominent  in  the  disturbances  there ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Kansas  as  a  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
July  11,  1866,  when  he  committed  suicide  by  shoot 
ing  himself  near  Fort  Leavenworth. 

Lane,  Joseph  (father  of  Lafayette  Lane),  was 
born  in  Buncombe  County,  North  Carolina,  Decem 
ber  14,  1801 ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  re 
moved  to  Indiana;  was  for  several  successive  years  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature ;  served  in  the  Mexi 
can  war  as  colonel  of  the  Second  Indiana  Volunteers; 
was  promoted  to  be  brigadier-general  and  major-gen 
eral  by  brevet;  was  appointed  governor  of  Oregon 
Territory  in  August,  1848;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Oregon  Territory  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,664  votes  against 
308  votes  for  Wilson,  Opposition ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  4,529  votes 
against  2,959  votes  for  Skinner,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  6,178  votes 
against  3,943  votes  for  Gaines,  American,  serving 
from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  again 
elected  governor  for  a  short  time  in  1853;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Oregon,  serving  from 
February  14,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  had  been  nomi 
nated  for  Vice-President  on  the  Breckinridge  ticket 
iu  1860. 

Lane,  Lafayette  (son  of  Joseph  Lane),  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Oregon  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  George  A.  La  Dow),  re 
ceiving  9,373  votes  against  9,106  votes  for  Warren, 
Republican,  837  votes  for  Whitney,  Independent,  and 
345  votes  for  Dimick,  Temperance,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,239  votes  against  15,347  votes  for 
Richard  Williams,  Republican. 

Langdon,  Charles  C.,  was  born  at  the  North; 
received  an  academic  education;  removed  to  Ala 
bama,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Perry 
County;  removed  to  Mobile,  where  he  became  pro 
prietor  and  editor  of  "  The  Mobile  Advertiser,"  a 
Whig  newspaper ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1839,  1840,  1855,  and  1861 ;  was 
an  unsuccessful  Whig  candidate  for  Congress  in  1851 ; 
was  elected  mayor  of  Mobile;  established  large 
orchards,  vineyards,  and  nurseries  at  Citronville, 


thirty  miles  north  of  Mobile;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  but  was  denied  a  seat. 

Langdon,  Chauncey,  was  born  in  Vermont; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1787;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and  afterwards 
of  the  State  Council;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  17,725  votes 
against  16,974  votes  for  Richard  Skinner,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Langdon,  John  (brother  of  Woodbury  Lang 
don),  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire, 
June  25,  1741;  received  a  public-school  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  active  in  pre- 
Revolutionary  movements;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Hampshire  to  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1776; 
was  Continental  navy  agent,  and,  by  large  personal 
sacrifices,  equipped  the  brigade  with  which  General 
Stark  won  the  battle  of  Bennington;  was  repeatedly 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and 
several  times  its  speaker;  was  again  delegate  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  Continental  Congress  1783; 
was  president  of  New  Hampshire  in  1785;  was  a 
delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Convention  that 
framed  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1787 ;  was  govern 
or  of  New  Hampshire  in  1788;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  Hampshire  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was 
chosen  president  of  the  Senate,  in  order  that  the 
electoral  votes  for  President  of  the  United  States 
might  be  counted  (so  a  president  of  the  Senate  had 
a  legal  existence  before  there  was  either  a  President 
or  Vice-President  of  the  United  States);  was  again 
governor  of  New  Hampshire  1805-1809  and  1810- 
1811;  was  offered  the  position  of  secretary  of  the 
navy  by  Jefferson  in  1811,  and  declined  it;  was 
selected  in  1812  by  the  Democratic  representatives  in 
Congress  as  a  candidate  for  the  Vice-Presidency,  but 
declined ;  died  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire, 
September  18,  1819. 

Langdon,  Woodbury  (brother  of  John  Lang 
don),  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  in 
1739 ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  took  an  active  part  in  pre- 
Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Hampshire  to  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1780; 
was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  1781-1784; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1782  and  1786-1790;  died  at  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  January  13,  1805. 

Langworthy,  Edward,  was  a  delegate  from 
Georgia  to  the  Continental  Congress,  serving  1777- 
1779. 

Lanman,  James,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Con 
necticut,  June  14,  1769;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1788;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1791,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Norwich;  was  State's  attorney  for  New- 
London  County  1814-1819 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1817;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  First  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1818; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1819;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Connecticut  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1825;  was  appointed  by  the  governor  of 
Connecticut  to  serve  a  second  term,  but  the  Senate 
declared  that  he  was  not  entitled  to  a  seat;  was  judge 
of  the  State  Superior  and  Supreme  Courts  1826- 
1829;  was  mayor  of  Norwich  1831-1834;  was  again 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1832;  died  at  Nor 
wich,  Connecticut,  August  7,  1841. 

Lansing,  Gerrit  Y.,  was  born  at  Albany,  New- 
York,  in  1783;  received  a  classical  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1796- 
1801 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat,  receiving  250  majority  over  Ambrose  Spencer; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5, 1831,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  was  chancellor  of  the  regents  of  the 
State  University  1842-1849;  died  at  Albany  Janu 
ary  3,  1862. 

Lansing,  John,  was  born  at  Albany,  New  York; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1784-1788;  was  a  delegate  from  New  York 
to  the  Convention  that  framed  the  Federal  Constitu 
tion  ;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives. 

Lansing,  W^illiam  E.,  was  born  at  Sullivan, 
New  York,  in  1822;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law  at  Utica,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Chittenango  in  1845;  was  elected  district-attorney  of 
Madison  County  in  1848,  and  served  three  years ;  was 
elected  clerk  of  Madison  County  in  1857 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,253 
votes  against  8,082  votes  for  Chapman,  Democrat; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  re 
ceiving  13,450  votes  against  9,780  votes  for  Shoecraft, 
Democrat,  and  593  votes  for  Calkins,  Temperance 
candidate;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  15,410  votes  against  10,841  votes 
for  H.  A.  Foster,  Democrat. 

Lapham,  Elbridge  G.,  was  born  at  Farming- 
ton,  New  York,  October  18,  1814;  was  brought  up  on 
a  farm,  attending  the  winter  public  schools,  and  was 
subsequently  at  the  Canandaigua  Academy ;  studied 
civil  engineering,  and  was  employed  on  the  Michigan 
Southern  Railroad  Line ;  afterward  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Canandaigua ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  ef  New  York  in  1867;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,814  votes 
against  9,770  votes  for  Pierpont,  Democrat;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
14,720  votes  against  11,852  votes  for  Harlow  L.  Corn- 
stock,  Democrat,  and  68  votes  for  A.  J.  Abbott,  Pro 
hibition,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Laporte,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  Asylum ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1837. 

Larned,  Simon,  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in 
1751;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  for 
several  years  sheriff  of  Berkshire  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Eighth  Congress  (in  place  of  Thompson  J.  Skinner, 
resigned),  serving  from  November  5,  1804,  to  March 
3, 1805;  died  at  Pittsfield,  Massachusetts,  November 
9,  1817. 

Larrabee,  Charles  H.,  was  born  at  Rome,  New 
York,  November  9,  1820;  when  a  lad,  accompanied 
his  father  to  Ohio,  and  was  educated  at  Granville 
College ;  studied  engineering,  but  subsequently  de 
voted  his  attention  to  the  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1841,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pontotoc, 
Mississippi;  removed  in  1844  to  Chicago,  Illinois; 
edited  "  The  Democratic  Advocate ;"  was  city-attor 
ney  of  Chicago  from  March  10,  1846,  to  March  12, 
1847;  removed  to  Horicon,  Wisconsin,  and  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
December,  1847;  was  judge  of  the  Third  Judicial 
Circuit  of  Wisconsin  and  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
that  State  from  August  7,  1848,  to  his  resignation  in 
August,  1858;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wis 
consin  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  23,905  votes  against  23,011  votes  for  Billing- 
hurst.  Republican,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1861 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
28,98,i  votes  against  34,002  votes  for  A.  S.  Sloan, 
Republican ;  entered  the  Union  army  April  17,  1861 ; 
raised  Company  C,  First  Wisconsin  Volunteers; 
declined  the  captaincy,  but  accepted  a  lieutenant's 
commission  April  25,  1861 ;  was  appointed  major  of 


the  Fifth  Wisconsin  Volunteers  May  28, 1861 ;  served 
in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  through  the  Peninsula 
campaign  under  General  McClellan;  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  Twenty-fourth  Wisconsin  Volunteers 
August  22,  1862 ;  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Tennes 
see  and  of  the  Cumberland  under  Generals  Buell 
and  Rosecrans;  resigned  September,  1863,  and  en 
tered  the  invalid  corps;  removed  to  Seattle,  Washing 
ton  Territory. 

La  Sere,  Emile,  was  born  in  Louisiana;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education ;  resided  at  New  Orleans ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Slidell,  re 
signed)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  receiving  2,813  votes  against  1,613 
votes  for  Montegut,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  3,295  votes  against 
2,509  votes  for  Jackson,  Whig,  serving  from  January 
29,  1846,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Lash,  Israel  G.,  was  born  at  Bethania,  North 
Carolina,  August  18,  1810;  worked  on  the  farm  until 
1830,  then  became  a  merchant  and  manufacturer, 
and  in  1847  a  banker  at  Salem ;  he  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
iirst  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,525  votes 
against  11,123  votes  for  Brown,  Democrat. 

Latham,  George  R.,  was  born  in  Prince  Wil 
liam  County,  Virginia,  March  9,  1832;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  studied  law  while  teaching 
school ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Graf  ton,  West  Virginia;  edited  a 
campaign  newspaper  at  Graf  ton  in  1860 ;  entered  the 
Union  army  in  1861,  and  was  made  captain  of  the 
Second  Virginia  Infantry;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  West  Virginia  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  a  majority  of  the 
votes  cast  at  every  polling-place  in  the  district  over 
W.  B.  Zinn,  Democrat ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson,  in  February,  1867,  consul  at  Melbourne, 
Australia,  and  served  until  1870,  when  he  returned ; 
was  superintendent  of  public  schools  for  Upshur 
County,  West  Virginia,  from  September  1,  1875,  to 
August  31,  1877. 

Latham,  Milton  S.,  was  born  at  Columbus, 
Ohio,  May  23,  1827;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Jefferson  College,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1845;  removed  to  Russell  County,  Alabama,  where 
he  taught  school,  and  studied  law  with  Judge  Hey- 
denfeldt;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  ap 
pointed  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court;  was  an  unsuc 
cessful  candidate  for  solicitor  of  the  ninth  circuit  in 
1849 ;  removed  to  California,  where  he  was  appointed 
clerk  of  the  Recorder's  Court  of  San  Francisco  in 
1850,  and  district-attorney  for  the  Sacramento  Dis 
trict  in  1851 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Cali 
fornia  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat 
on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  an  average  majority  of 
4,902,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1855;  declined  a  re-election;  was  collector  of  the 
port  of  San  Francisco  1855-1857 ;  was  elected  govern 
or  of  California  in  1859  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a 
majority  of  30,957  over  Curry,  anti-Lecompton  Demo 
crat,  and  52,145  over  Stanford,  Republican,  and  was 
inaugurated  in  January,  1860;  three  days  afterwards 
he  was  elected  United-States  senator  (in  place  of 
David  C.  Broderick,  deceased),  serving  from  March 
5,  1860,  until  March  4,  1865 ;  after  the  expiration  of 
his  term  he  returned  to  San  Francisco,  and  engaged 
in  business,  and  was  president  of  the  Bank  of  Cali 
fornia. 

Lathrop,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Hampden  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts,  in  1771;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1792;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  West  Springfield ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  for  ten  successive  years 


492 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  and  its  president  in 
1829  and  1830;  died  at  West  Springfield  July  11, 
1S4(3. 

Lathrop,  William,  was  born  in  Genesee  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  April  17,  1825;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  Illinois;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  practised  at 
Kockford ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  13,241  votes  against  8,149  votes 
for  John  F.  Farnsworth,  Democrat,  and  5.991  votes 
for  S.  A.  Hurlbut,  Independent  Republican,  and 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Lattimer,  Henry,  was  born  at  Newport,  Dela 
ware,  April  24,  1752;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  medicine  at  Philadelphia  and  at  Edinburgh; 
returned  home,  and  practised ;  served  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  army  as  surgeon  of  the  flying  hospital ;  re 
sumed  practice  after  peace  was  declared;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Third 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  February  14, 
1794,  to  February  28,  1795,  when  he  took  his  seat  as 
a  United-States  senator  from  Delaware  (having  been 
elected  in  place  of  George  Read,  resigned,  Kensey 
Johns  not  having  been  admitted),  serving  until 
March  3,  1801;  died  at  Philadelphia  December  19, 
1819. 

Lattimore,  "William,  was  born  at  Norfolk, 
Virginia,  February  9,  1774;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  medicine,  and  removed  to  Missis 
sippi,  where  he  commenced  practice;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Mississippi  Territory  in  the  Eighth 
Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807;  was 
again  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  6,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1817 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  First  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  Mississippi ;  died  April  3,  1843. 

Laurens,  Henry,  was  born  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  in  1723;  was  sent  to  England  to  acquire  a 
thorough  business  education,  and,  on  his  return  home, 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  served  in  a  campaign 
against  the  Cherokee  Indians;  visited.Europe  in  1771 
to  superintend  the  education  of  his  sons,  and  re 
turned  in  1774;  was  president  of  the  Charleston 
Committee  of  Safety  and  of  the  Provincial  Congress; 
was  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1777-1780,  serving  as  president  there 
of  November  1,  1777-December  10,  1778;  was  elected 
by  the  Continental  Congress,  October  21,  1779,  min 
ister  to  Holland;  was  captured  on  his  voyage  thither 
by  the  British,  carried  to  London,  and  imprisoned  in 
the  Tower  for  nearly  fifteen  months ;  was  appointed 
by  Congress,  June  15,  1781,  one  of  the  commission 
ers  to  negotiate  a  treaty  of  peace  with  Great  Britain, 
and  signed  the  preliminary  treaty  at  Paris  Novem 
ber  30,  1782;  his  health  having  been  affected  by  his 
imprisonment,  he  retired  to  his  plantation  on  his  re 
turn  to  South  Carolina,  and  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits  until  he  died,  December  8,  1792,  when  his 
remains  were  cremated  in  obedience  to  an  injunc 
tion  in  his  will.  Some  of  his  papers  on  diplomatic 
and  political  questions  have  been  published  in  the 
collections  of  the  South-Carolina  Historical  Society. 

Law,  John  (son  of  Lyman  Law,  grandson  of 
Richard  Law  and  of  Amasa  Learned),  was  born  at 
New  London,  Connecticut,  in  1790;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1814; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Vincennes,  Indiana;  was 
prosecuting-attorney  for  his  judicial  district;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1823;  was  judge 
of  the  Circuit  Court  for  eight  years;  was  appointed 
by  President  Van  Buren  receiver  at  the  Vincennes 
land-office,  serving  1838-1842;  was  appointed  by 
President  Pierce  judge  of  the  Court  of  Land  Claims, 
serving  1855-1857;  removed  to  Evansville,  Indiana, 
and  practised  there;  was  elected  a  representative 


from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  13,476  votes  against  10,731  votes 
for  De  Bruler,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  11,963  votes  against 
9,583  votes  for  Johnson,  Republican,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865;  declined  a  reiiomina- 
tion;  died  at  Evansville,  Indiana,  October  7,  1873. 

Law,  Lyman  (son  of  Richard  Law,  and  father 
of  John  Law),  was  born  at  New  London,  Connecti 
cut,  August  19,  1770;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1791;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1793,  and  commenced  practice 
at  New  London ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives,  arid  one  year  its  speaker;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  at 
New  London,  Connecticut,  February  3,  1842. 

Law,  Richard  (father  of  Lyman  Law,  and  grand 
father  of  John  Law),  was  born  at  Milford,  Connecti 
cut,  March  17,  1733;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1751;  studied  law 
under  Jared  Ingersoll ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
New  Haven  in  1754,  and  soon  afterwards  removed  to 
New  London,  where  he  commenced  practice;  was 
appointed  chief  judge  of  the  County  Court,  and  in 
May,  1784,  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court;  was  a 
member  of  the  Council  of  the  Assembly  of  Connect 
icut  from  May,  1776,  until  May,  1786,  when  an  act 
was  passed  excluding  judges;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  from  Connecticut  1777-1778 
and  1781-1784;  was  mayor  of  New  London  from  the 
adoption  of  the  city  charter  in  1784  until  1806;  was 
a  commissioner  with  Roger  Sherman  to  codify  the 
statute  laws  of  Connecticut;  was  appointed  chief 
judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Connecticut  in  May, 
1786;  was  appointed  by  President  Washington  United- 
States  district-judge  for  the  district  of  Connecticut, 
and  held  the  position  until  he  died  at  New  London 
January  26,  1806. 

Lawler,  Joab,  was  born  in  North  Carolina 
June  12,  1796;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  theology;  became  a  licensed  preacher;  re 
moved  to  Mardisville,  Alabama;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1826-1831 ;  was  a 
State  senator  1831-1832;  was  receiver  of  public  mon 
eys  for  the  Coosa  Land  District  1832-1835:  was 
treasurer  of  the  University  of  Alabama  1833-1836; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7,  1835,  to  May  8,  1838,  when  he  died  at  Washington 
City. 

Lawrence,  Abbott,  was  bom  at  Groton,  Mas 
sachusetts,  December  16,  1792;  was  educated  at 
Groton  Academy ;  went  to  Boston,  where  he  became 
a  clerk  in  the  store  of  his  brother,  Amos  Lawrence, 
in  1808,  and  a  partner  in  1814;  made  repeated  visits 
to  England  to  purchase  goods ;  was  active  in  securing 
the  enactment  of  a  protective  tariff;  was  a  member 
of  the  Boston  common  council  in  1831 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December 
7,  1835,  until  March  3,  1837;  declined  a  re-election 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
1,  1839,  until  1840,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a  member 
of  the  North-east  boundary  commission  in  1842; 
visited  Europe  in  1843-1844;  was  offered  by  President 
Taylor  a  seat  in  his  cabinet  as  secretary  of  the  navy, 
and  then  as  secretary  of  the  interior,  but,  having  suc 
cessively  declined,  was  appointed  minister  to  Great 
Britain  August  20,  1849,  and  served  until  October, 
1852;  advocated  the  election  of  General  Scott  as 
President;  founded  the  Lawrence  Scientific  School 
at  Cambridge;  and  died  at  Boston,  after  a  long  sick 
ness,  August  18,  1855. 

Lawrence,  Cornelius  Van  Wyck,  was  born 
at  Flushing,  Long  Island,  February  28, 1791 ;  received 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


493 


a  public-school  education;  was  reared  on  his  father's 
farm;  went  to  New-York  City  in  1812,  and  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833, 
to  May,  1834,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected 
mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and  Johnson  ticket  in  1836 ; 
was  president  of  a  number  of  banks  and  insurance 
companies ;  retired  from  business  in  1850  to  Flushing, 
where  he  died  February  20,  1801. 

Lawrence,  George  V.,  was  born  in  Washing 
ton  County,  Pennsylvania,  1818;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  engaged  in  agricultural  pur 
suits  ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  the  State  legislature  of  Pennsylvania  in  1844,  1847, 
1858,  and  1859;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1849,  1850,  and  1851,  and  again  in  1861,  1802,  and 
1803,  serving  the  last  term  as  its  presiding  officer; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,727  votes  against  10,112  votes  for  Jesse  Lazear, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,391  votes  against 
11,853  votes  for  William  Montgomery,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Lawrence,  John,  was  born  in  Cornwall  County, 
England,  in  1750,  and  immigrated  to  New-York  City 
in  1767;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1772,  and  commenced 
practice  at  New  York ;  served  throughout  the  Revolu 
tionary  war  in  the  First  New-York  Regiment,  and  as 
aide-de-camp  and  judge-advocate  on  the  staff  of  Gen 
eral  McDougall;  served  as  judge-advocate-general  on 
the  staff  of  General  Washington,  and  on  the  court- 
martial  before  which  Major  Andre  was  tried  and  con 
victed  ;  resumed  his  practice  after  peace  was  declared ; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  York  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1785-1787;  was  a  State  senator  in  1789; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
First  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Second 
Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2, 
1793;  was  appointed  by  President  Washington 
judge  of  the  United-States  Circuit  Court;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  York  (in 
place  of  Rufus  King,  resigned),  serving  from  Decem 
ber  8, 1790,  to  August,  1800,  when  he  resigned,  having 
served  as  president  pro  teinpore  of  the  Senate  in  De 
cember,  1798 ;  died  at  New- York  City  November  7, 
1810. 

Lawrence,  John  "W.,  was  born  at  Flushing, 
Long  Island ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1841-1842 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,132  votes  against  4,935 
votes  for  Cogswell,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Lawrence,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Adams  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1788;  removed  when  a  child  to 
Washington  County;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  raised  on  a  farm,  and  devoted  himself  to 
agriculfural  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  for  nine  successive  ses 
sions,  serving  the  last  four  as  speaker;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825, 
to  March  3,  1829 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  State  treasurer  of 
Pennsylvania;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
April  17,  1842;  he  was  summoned  home  to  attend 
the  death-beds  of  a  son  and  a  daughter,  and,  when 
he  returned  to  his  post,  brought  with  him  the  seeds 
of  the  malady  which  had  robbed  him  of  his  children, 
and  died  at  Washington  City  April  17,  1842. 

Lawrence,  Samuel,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  resided  at  Johnson's  Settlement;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1808- 
1809  and  1818;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


New  York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Lawrence,  Sidney,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Moira, 
Franklin  County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Lawrence,  "William,  was  born  at  Washington, 
Ohio,  September  2,  1814;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Jefferson  College,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1835;  became  a  farmer  and  a  merchant;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1843 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and  But 
ler  ticket  in  1848;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  in  1850;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1850-1857 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,085  votes  against  6,805  votes  for 
Albright.  Republican,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Lawrence,  "William,  was  born  at  Mount  Pleas 
ant,  Ohio,  June  26.  1819 ;  graduated  at  Franklin  Col 
lege,  Ohio,  and  afterward  at  the  Cincinnati  Law 
School;  was  a  reporter  for  "The  Columbus  State 
Journal,"  and  subsequently  edited  "  The  Logan  Ga 
zette  "  and  "The  Western  Law  Monthly;"  was 
bankrupt  commissioner  for  Logan  County  in  1842; 
was  prosecuting-attorney  for  Logan  County  in  1845 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
of  Ohio  in  1846  and  1847 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Ohio  in  1848  and  1853;  was  elected  re 
porter  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ohio  in  1851;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1850 
for  five  years,  re-elected  in  1801,  and  resigned  in 
1804;  was  in  the  Union  army  in  1802  as  colonel  of 
the  Eighty-fourth  Ohio  Volunteers;  was  appointed 
United-States  judge  in  Florida  in  1863;  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,242  votes  against 
9,578  votes  for  James  F.  McKinney,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  13,303 
votes  against  11,059  votes  for  McKinney,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
13,656  votes  against  13,027  votes  for  Leedom,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1871 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  14,748  votes  against  10,705  votes  for  J.  J. 
Masson,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,756  votes  against  10,378 
votes  for  Pearson,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  8,  1877. 

Lawrence,  William  T.,  was  born  at  New 
York  May  7,  1788;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812  as  captain  of  volunteer  artillery;  re 
moved  to  Cayutaville,  New  York,  in  1823,  and  be 
came  a  farmer;  was  county-judge  of  Cayuga  County 
in  1838;  was  a  delegate  to  several  political  conven 
tions  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Lawson,  John  D.,  was  horn  at  Montgomery, 
New  York,  February  18,  1816;  was  educated  at  the 
high  school  of  his  native  village ;  was  a  merchant  in 
the  city  of  New  York,  importing  English  and  Conti 
nental  goods  for  over  twenty-five  years,  and  retired 
from  business  in  1808;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Republican  Conventions  of  1808  and  1872;  declined 
public  office  until  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  13,305  votes  against  9,395  votes  for  Charles 
P.  Shaw,  Liberal  Republican  and  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Lawyer,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Cobleskill, 
New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1816 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Lay,  George  "W.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  admit- 


494 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Batavia 
as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Merrill,  Lay,  &  Soper; 
was  a  leader  in  the  political  movements  based  on  the 
alleged  abduction  of  William  Morgan  from  Batavia 
by  the  Freemasons ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1840;  was  appointed  by  President  Tyler  cliarrje 
d'affaires  to  Sweden,  serving  May  12.  1842-October 
29,  1845;  was  confined  to  his  house  from  the  effects 
of  a  paralytic  stroke  and  other  distressing  maladies 
during  the  later  years  of  his  life,  and  died  at  Batavia, 
New  York,  October  28,  I860. 

Lazear,  Jesse,  was  born  in  Greene  County, 
Pennsylvania,  December  12,  1804;  was  reared  on  a 
f arm,  receiving  a  home  education ;  was  clerk  in  the 
office  of  the  county  recorder  and  register,  and,  when 
he  became  of  age,  was  elected  to  that  office;  was 
cashier  of  the  Farmers'  and  Drovers'  Bank  at  Waynes- 
burg  1832-1864;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  10,607  votes  against  9,443  votes 
for  Stewart,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  9,984  votes  against  9,547 
votes  for  Wallace,  Republican,  serving  from  July  4, 
1861,  to  March  3, 1865 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1860;  died  in 
Baltimore  County,  Maryland,  September  2,  1877. 

Lea,  Luke,  was  born  in  Surry  County,  North 
Carolina,  January  26,  1782;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  removed  in  1790  with  his  father  to  Ten 
nessee  ;  was  clerk  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  served  as  an  officer  of  volunteers  under  Gen 
eral  Jackson  in  the  Creek  and  the  Seminole  wars; 
was  for  many  years  cashier  of  the  State  Bank  of 
Tennessee,  and  register  of  the  State  land-office;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twen 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Williams 
and  Gillespie;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat,  receiving  4,213  votes 
against  4,038  votes  for  Clowney,  Nullifier,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Taylor  Indian  agent  at  Fort 
Leaven  worth;  and,  while  returning  from  a  visit  to 
the  tribes  connected  with  his  agency,  he  was  thrown 
from  his  horse  and  killed  June  17, 1851. 

Lea,  Pryor,  was  born  in  Knox  County,  Tennes 
see,  in  1794;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Greenville  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice  at  Knox- 
ville ;  served  under  General  Jackson  as  an  officer  of 
volunteers  in  the  Creek  war  in  1813;  was  clerk  to  the 
State  legislature  in  1816 ;  was  United-States  attorney 
for  the  district  of  Tennessee  in  1824;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  defeating  Thomas 
D.  Arnold,  anti-Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving  4,713  votes 
against  4,496  votes  for  Thomas  D.  Arnold,  serving 
from  December  3, 1827,  to  March  3, 1831 ;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sec 
ond  Congress  by  Thomas  D.  Arnold,  Whig;  removed 
to  Jackson,  Mississippi,  in  1837,  and  thence  to  Goliad, 
Texas,  in  1847. 

Leach,  DeWitt  C.,  was  born  at  Clarence,  New 
York,  November  23,  1822;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1849  and  1850; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  in  1850;  was  State  librarian  in  1855  and  1856; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,248 
votes  against  14,524  votes  for  Peck,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
16,135  votes  against  14,916  votes  for  Davis,  Democrat, 
sen-ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Leach,  James  M.,  was  born  in  Randolph  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina;  received  a  classical  education; 


studied  law,  and  practised  the  profession ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina,  by 
re-elections,  for  ten  years ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Fillmore  ticket  in  1856;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,566  votes  against  7,664 
votes  for  Scales,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
federate  Congress  of  1864-1865;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  of  North  Carolina  twice  after  the  war; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Conservative,  receiving  12,541  votes  against  11,302 
votes  for  W.  L.  Scott,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress  by  a  majority  of  258  votes 
over  Judge  Thomas  Settle,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Leadbetter,  Daniel  P.,  was  born  in  Pennsylva 
nia;  removed  to  Millersburg,  Ohio;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  September 
4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Leake,  Shelton  F.,  was  born  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia,  November  30,  1812;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  taught  school ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Charlottesville;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1842;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1847 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1848  on  the  Cass  and  Butler  ticket;  was  elected  lieu 
tenant-governor  of  Virginia  in  1851 ;  was  defeated  as 
a  candidate  for  governor  in  1854 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  an  Independent  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  5,003  votes  against  3,453  votes  for  P. 
Powell,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
to  March  3,  1861. 

Leake,  Walter,  was  born  in  Virginia;  removed 
to  Hind's  County,  Mississippi;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Mississippi,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  11,  1817,  to  1820,  when  he  resigned;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Mississippi  1821-1825;  died  at  Mount  Salus, 
Mississippi,  November  17, 1825. 

Learned,  Amasa,  was  born  at  Killingly,  Con 
necticut,  November  15,  1750;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1772 ;  stud 
ied  theology,  and  was  licensed  to  preach,  but  soon 
turned  his  attention  to  politics ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Second  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from 
October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1818;  was 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  ;  died  at  New  London,  Connecticut,  May 
4,  1825. 

Leary,  Cornelius  L.  L.,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  October  22,  1813;  was  educated  at  St. 
Mary's  College;  removed  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  in 
1835,  and  returned  to  Baltimore  in  1837 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Maryland  House  of  Representatives  in 
1847;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar*in  1847, 
and  practised  at  Baltimore ;  was  a  presidential  elect 
or  on  the  Fillmore  and  Donelson  ticket  in  1856;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  tlie  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving  6,702  votes 
against  6,200  votes  for  Preston,  Peace  candidate, 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Leaven-worth,  Elias  Warren,  was  born  at 
Canaan,  New  York,  December  26, 1803,  and  was  raised 
at  Great  Barrington,  Massachusetts;  was  prepared 
for  college  at  the  Hudson  Academy;  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1824;  commenced  the  study  of  law 
the  same  year  with  William  Cullen  Bryant  at  Great 
Barrington,  and  completed  it  at  the  Litchfield  Law 
School  in  1825-1826;  removed  to  Syracuse  in  1827, 
and  practised  law  there  until  1850;  was  president  of 
the  village  of  Syracuse  in  1838-1840,  1846,  and  1847 ; 
was  supervisor  of  the  town  of  Salina  in  1S39-1840, 
and  mayor  of  the  city  in  1849  and  1859;  was  a  membei 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


495 


of  the  State  legislature  in  1850  and  1857;  was  secre 
tary  of  state  of  New  York  in  1854-1855 ;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  Board  of  Quarantine  Commissioners  and 
also  of  the  State  Republican  Convention  in  1860; 
was  elected  a  regent  of  the  University,  and  appointed 
a  commissioner  under  the  convention  with  New  Gra 
nada  in  1861 ;  was  appointed  president  of  the  Board 
of  Commissioners  to  locate  the  State  Asylum  for  the 
Blind,  and  a  trustee  of  the  State  Asylum  for  Idiots 
in  1865;  was  elected  a  trustee  of  Hamilton  College  in 
1867;  was  appointed  a  constitutional  commissioner 
in  1872 ;  was  president  of  the  Syracuse  Savings  Bank, 
of  the  Gas-Light  Company  of  Syracuse,  of  the  Syra 
cuse  Water-Works  Company,  and  of  Oakwood  Ceme 
tery;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,949  votes  against  11,158  votes  for  George 
F.  Comstock,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Leavitt,  Humphrey  H.,  was  born  at  Suffield, 
Connecticut,  June,  1796;  removed  when  a  lad  with 
liis  father  to  Ohio;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Steubenville;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1825  and  1826,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1827;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  (in  place  of  John  M.  Goodenow,  re 
signed)  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  6,  1830,  to  June  18,  1834, 
when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jackson  judge  of  the  United-States  District 
Court  for  the  District  of  Ohio. 

Le  Blond,  Francis  C.,  was  bom  in  Ohio;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Celina,  Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1851-1855,  serving  the  last  two  years 
as  speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  10,561  votes  against  6,202  votes  for  Gatch,  Re 
publican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,048  votes  against  8,957  votes  for 
Moses  B.  Walker,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Lecompte,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Woodford 
County,  Kentucky;  resided  at  New  Castle;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1825, 
to  March  2,  1833. 

Lee,  Arthur  (brother  of  Francis  Lightfoot  Lee), 
was  born  at  Stratford,  Virginia,  December  20,  1740; 
received  a  classical  education  at  Eton,  in  England; 
studied  medicine  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh, 
graduating  in  1765;  travelled  in  Europe,  and,  re 
turning  to  Virginia,  commenced  practice  at  Wil- 
liamsburg;  preferring  the  law,  he  went  to  Lon 
don  to  study  that  profession  in  1766,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1770;  acted  as  agent  for 
Massachusetts  in  England  and  France;  was  ap 
pointed  the  correspondent  of  Congress  at  London 
in  November,  1775;  was  appointed  a  commissioner 
from  Congress  to  France  in  September,  1776,  and 
also  a  commissioner  to  Spain  in  May,  1777;  returned 
to  the  United  States  in  August,  1780;  was  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  House  of  Representatives  in  1781; 
was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1782-1785 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Treasury 
Board  1785-1789;  retired  to  a  farm  on  the  banks  of 
the  Rappahannock  River,  Virginia,  where  he  died 
December  14,  1792.  His  "  Life  and  Correspond 
ence  "  was  published  by  his  grand-nephew,  R.  H. 
Lee,  in  1829. 

Lee,  Francis  Lightfoot  (brother  of  Richard 
Henry  Lee),  was  born  at  Stratford,  Virginia,  Octo 
ber  14,  1734;  received  a  classical  education  under 
the  direction  of  Rev.  Mr.  Craig;  was  a  member  of 


the  Virginia  House  of  Burgesses  1765-1772 ;  was  a 
delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1775-1779;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  died 
at  Richmond,  Virginia,  April  3,  1797. 

Lee,  Gideon,  Avas  born  at  Amherst,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1777;  received  a  public-school  education; 
learned  the  shoemaker's  trade  at  Northampton;  re 
moved  to  New  York,  where  he  entered  into  business 
as  a  tanner,  and  dealer  in  leather;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1822 ;  was  an 
alderman  of  the  city  of  New  York  in  1828;  was 
mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  in  1833;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  receiving 
10,037  votes  against  8,920  votes  for  James  Monroe, 
and  3,577  votes  for  C.  G.  Ferris,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837;  removed  in  1838  to 
Geneva,  New  York,  and  died  there  August  21,  1841. 

Lee,  Henry,  was  born  in  Westmoreland  County, 
Virginia,  January  29,  1756 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation;  graduated  at  Princeton  College  1754;  entered 
the  Revolutionary  army  in  1776  as  a  captain  of  light 
horse,  and  served  until  after  the  surrender  at  York- 
town  in  1781;  was  chosen  a  delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1786;  was  a  member  of  the  Vir 
ginia  Convention  of  1798  on  the  adoption  of  the 
Federal  Constitution,  which  he  advocated ;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Virginia  1792-1795 ;  was  appointed  by  Gen 
eral  Washington  to  command  the  Virginia  forces 
called  out  to  suppress  the  Whiskey  Insurrection ;  was 
elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and 
served  from  December  2,  1799,  until  March  3,  1801, 
when  he  retired  to  private  life ;  becoming  involved, 
he  was  imprisoned  for  debt  in  1809,  and,  while  in  jail, 
wrote  "  Memoirs  of  the  Southern  Campaign; "  while 
aiding  in  the  defence  of  the  Baltimore  "  Federal 
Republican"  against  the  attack  of  a  political  mob 
in  1812,  he  was  so  severely  injured  that  he  never 
recovered;  a  visit  to  the  West  Indies  failed  to  restore 
his  health,  and,  after  his  return,  he  died  at  Cumber 
land  Island  March  25,  1818. 

Lee,  Henry  B.,  was  born  at  New- York  City; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat, 
at  New  York,  February  18,  1817. 

Lee,  John,  was  born  in  Maryland;  resided  at 
Petersville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
receiving  52  majority  over  the  Democratic  candidate, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Lee,  Joshua,  was  born  in  New  York ;  resided 
at  Pen  Yan ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1833;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 1835,  to  March 
3,  1837. 

Lee,  M.  Lindley,  was  born  at  Minisink,  New 
York,  May  29, 1805 ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  by  his  own 
industry  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Union  College  in  1827;  studied  medicine,  graduating 
from  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  of 
Western  New  York  in  1830;  practised  medicine  at 
Fulton,  Orange  County;  was  postmaster  at  Fulton 
1840-1844;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1846  and  1847;  was  State  commis 
sioner  of  loans  1847-1850;  was  elected  State  senator 
in  1865 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  11,450  votes  against  7,425  votes  for  Tyler,  Demo 
crat,  and  1,065  for  Perry,  American,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Lee,  Richard  Bland,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1762 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  First  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Second  and 
Third  Congresses,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to 
March  3,  1795;  died  March  12,  1827. 

Lee,  Richard  Henry,  was  born  at  Stratford, 
Virginia,  January  20,  1732;  was  sent  to  England  to 
receive  his  education  at  Wakefield  Academy,  York 
shire,  and  returned  in  1751 ;  tendered  his  services  to 


496 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


General  Brad  dock  as  captain  of  rangers  in  1755,  but 
they  were  declined;  was  chosen  a  delegate  to  the 
House  of  Burgesses  in  1757,  and  took  an  active  part 
in  Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a  member  of  the 
First  Congress  in  1774,  and  drew  up  the  most  im- 

Sortant  documents  adopted;  introduced  a  motion 
une  7,  1770,  to  declare  independence,  and,  when  it 
•was  adopted,  would  have  been  the  chairman  of  the 
committee  appointed  to  draw  up  the  declaration 
had  not  illness  in  his  family  called  him  home,  when 
Mr.  Jefferson  was  substituted;  was  re-elected  to 
Congress  in  1778,  but  retired  in  1780,  and  declined 
being  again  elected  until  1784,  serving  meanwhile  in 
the  State  legislature,  and,  as  colonel  of  the  militia  of 
his  county,  repelled  the  invading  Britons ;  was  unan 
imously  chosen  president  of  Congress  in  1784,  but 
retired  at  the  end  of  the  year,  and  in  1780  was  again 
elected  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  Convention  of  1788  on  the 
adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution ;  was  appointed 
one  of  the  senators  from  Virginia  in  the  First  Con 
gress  ;  took  his  seat  April  6,  1780 ;  was  chosen  presi 
dent  pro  tempore,  and  resigned  on  account  of  ill 
health  in  the  fall  of  1792;  died  at  Chantilly,  Virginia, 
June  19,  1794. 

Lee,  Silas,  was  born  in  Massachusetts;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1784;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1793,  1797,  and  1798; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Sixth  and  Seventh  Congresses  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  December  2,  171)9,  to  1802,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  judge  of  probate  1805-1814;  was  chief 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas;  was  United- 
States  district-attorney;  died  in  1814. 

Lee,  Thomas,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  resided 
at  Port  Elizabeth ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837. 

Lee,  Thomas  Sim,  was  born  in  Frederick 
County,  Virginia,  in  1744;  received  a  thorough  edu 
cation  from  private  tutors ;  removed  to  Maryland ; 
held  several  local  offices ;  was  governor  of  Maryland 
1779-1783;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1783-1784;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Convention  which  ratilied  the  Federal 
Constitution;  was  again  governor  of  Maryland  1792- 
1794;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Mary 
land  in  1794,  but  declined ;  died  at  Needwood,  Fred 
erick  County,  Virginia,  November  9,  1819. 

Leet,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Washington,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1802 ;  received  an  academic  education ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  four  years ;  held  at 
different  periods  of  his  life  the  offices  of  deputy 
State's  attorney  and  county  treasurer;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,500  votes 
against  3,483  votes  for  Joseph  Lawrence,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  by  Joseph  Lawrence, 
Whig,  who  did  not  live  to  take  his  seat;  died  at 
Washington,  Pennsylvania,  June  10,  1844. 

Lefever,  Joseph,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving 
from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813. 

Lefferts,  John,  was  born  at  Brooklyn,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
to  March  2,  1815;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  in  1821 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1822-1825;  died  at  Brooklyn  May  7, 
1841. 

Leffler,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Washington  County, 
Pennsylvania,  November,  1788;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Jefferson  College;  studied 


law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Wheeling,  Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1817-1825;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Board  of  Public  Works  1827; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  792  votes  against  378 
votes  for  Johnson,  and  118  votes  for  Haymond,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  Virginia  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1832;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1835; 
was  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1837  and  1838,  serving  the  last  year  as 
speaker;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1839;  was  a  member  of 
the  Iowa  House  of  Representatives;  was  marshal 
of  Iowa  in  1843 ;  was  appointed  register  of  the  land- 
office  at  Stillwater  in  1849,  but  declined;  was  ap 
pointed  receiver  at  the  land-office  at  Stillwater  in 
1852,  and  served  until  1857. 

Leffler,  Shepherd,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  but  removed  to  Burlington, 
Iowa,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Twen 
ty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  5,159  votes  against 
4,873  votes  for  McKnight,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,789  votes 
against  5,398  votes  for  Davis,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  29,  1840,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of  Iowa 
in  1875. 

Leftwich,  Jabez,  was  born  in  Bedford  County, 
Virginia;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Sev 
enteenth  Congress,  receiving  081  majority  over  Gal 
loway;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
receiving  210  majority  over  N.  II.  Claiborne,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Nineteenth  Congress  by 
N.  H.  Claiborne. 

Leftwich,  John  "W.,  was  born  in  Bedford 
County,  Virginia,  September  7,  1820 ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education ;  studied  medicine  at  the  Phila 
delphia  Medical  College,  graduating  in  1850;  removed 
to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  where  he  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Con 
servative,  receiving  1,308  votes  against  525  votes  for 
Saunders,  and  serving  from  July  25,  1800,  to  March 
3,  1807;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  at  New  York  in  1808;  died  at  Lynch- 
burg,  Virginia,  in  June,  1870. 

Legare,  Hugh  Swinton,  was  born  at  Charles 
ton,  South  Carolina,  January  2,  1797;  received  a 
liberal  education,  graduating  at  the  College  of  South 
Carolina  in  1814;  studied  law;  went  abroad,  when 
he  attended  lectures  on  jurisprudence  at  Paris  and 
Edinburgh;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Charleston  in 
1822,  and  practised  there;  was  an  anti-nullification 
member  of  the  Lower  House  of  the  legislature  of 
South  Carolina  in  1820-1822,  1824-1830;  was  attor 
ney-general  of  South  Carolina  in  1830-1832;  was  the 
principal  contributor  to  "The  Southern  Review" 
1827-1832;  was  charge  d'affaires  at  Brussels  1832- 
1830;  returned  home,  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Union  Democrat,  receiving  a  small  majority 
over  Henry  L.  Pinckney,  Nullifier;  was  an  unsuc 
cessful  Union  candidate  against  S.  E.  Holmes  for 
re-election  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress;  resumed 
practice;  contributed  to  "The  New-York  Review;" 
was  appointed  attorney-general  of  the  United  States 
September  13,  1841;  and  died  suddenly  at  Boston, 
where  he  had  gone  with  the  President  to  attend  a 
celebration  of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  June  20, 
1843. 

Lehman,  "William  E.,  was  born  at  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  August  21,  1822;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1843 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


497 


the  bar,  and  practised  at  Philadelphia;  visited  Eu 
rope;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  an  examiner 
of  post-offices  in  Pennsylvania  and  New  York ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeatin^ 
Butler,  Republican,  serving  from  July  4,  1861.  to 
March  3,  1863 ;  was  a  United-States  provost-marshal 
1863-1805. 

Leib,  Michael,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1759;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  medicine,  and  practised  at  Philadelphia;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,111 
votes  against  847  votes  for  Anthony  Morris,  Feder 
alist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and 
Nintli  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1799, 
to  1806,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Madison  and  Clinton  ticket  in  1808;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania 
(in  place  of  Samuel  Maclay,  resigned),  serving  from 
January  19,  1809,  to  1814,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  appointed  postmaster  of  Philadelphia;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives;  died  at  Philadelphia  December  28,  1822. 

Leib,  Owen  D.,  was  born  at  Schuylkill,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  med 
icine,  and  practised  atCatawissa,  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
by  Chester  Butler,  Whig;  died  at  Catawissa,  Penn 
sylvania,  June  17,  1848. 

Leidy,  Paul,  was  born  at  Hemlock,  Pennsyl 
vania,  November  21,  1813;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  was  apprenticed 
to  the  tailor's  trade;  taught  school,  studying  law  at 
the  same  time ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Danville,  Pennsylvania ;  was 
district-attorney  for  his  judicial  district  for  five 
years;  was  county  superintendent  of  schools;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a  large 
majority  over  Smith  B.  Thompson,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Leigh,  Benjamin  Watkins,  was  born  in  Ches 
terfield  County,  Virginia,  June  18,  1781;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary 
College  in  1802;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1802 ;  commenced  practice  at  Petersburg,  and 
removed  in  1813  to  Richmond,  Virginia;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature,  and  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1830-1831;  was 
for  twelve  years  official  reporter  of  the  State  Court 
of  Appeals ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Virginia  in  1834  as  a  Whig  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  William  C.  Rives,  Democrat, 
who  had  declined  to  obey  the  instructions  of  the 
legislature),  and  was  re-elected  at  the  next  session 
of  the  legislature  for  six  years,  defeating  Mr.  Rives 
by  four  votes ;  in  1836  the  political  complexion  of  the 
legislature  of  Virginia  had  changed ;  Mr.  Leigh  re 
signed  because  he  could  not  obey  the  instructions 
given  him,  and  Mr.  Rives  was  again  elected  to  fill  the 
vacancy  thus  created ;  Mr.  Leigh  served  from  March 
5,  1834,  to  July  4,  1836,  and  retired  to  private  life, 
dying  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  February  2,  1849. 
He  published  twelve  volumes  of  Virginia  Reports 
1829-1841. 

Leiper,  George  C.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1786;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  engaged  in  quarrying  stone;  built  in  1809 
the  first  railroad  on  the  American  continent  from  his 
quarries  in  Delaware  County  to  Ridley  Creek,  a 
distance  of  one  mile;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829, 
to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Leipidia,  Pennsylvania, 
November  17,  18G8. 


Leiter,  Benjamin  P.,  was  born  at  Leitersburg, 
Maryland,  October  13,  1813;  received  a  home  educa 
tion;  taught  school  1830-1S34;  removed  to  Ohio, 
where  he  taught  school  and  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Canton ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Ohio  in  1848  and  1849,  serving  the  last  year  as  speak 
er;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,738  votes  against  5,023  votes  for  Spalding,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  9,394  votes  against  6,799  votes  for  Lahm, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1859. 

Le  Moyne,  J.  V.,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1828;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  from  Washington  College  in 
1847;  studied  law  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  there  in  1852 ;  removed  im 
mediately  to  Chicago,  and  has  practised  law  there 
ever  since,  never  holding  any  public  office ;  was  nom 
inated  for  Congress  in  1872  "by  the  Liberals,  and  was 
defeated  by  C.  B.  Farwell,  Republican,  by  4,240  ma 
jority  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
106  majority  over  Charles  B.  Farwell,  Republican, 
serving  from  May  6,  1876,  to  March  3,  1877 ;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  11,435  votes  against  11,843 
votes  for  L.  Bretans,  Republican. 

Lent,  James,  was  born  at  Newtown,  New  York; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  New-York  City, 
and  visited  India  and  China;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  to  February  20,  1833,  when  he  died,  after  a 
short  but  exceedingly  severe  illness,  at  Washington 
City. 

Leonard,  George,  was  born  at  Norton,  Massa 
chusetts,  July  4, 1729;  received  a  classical  education, 
raduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1748;  was  ap 
pointed  by  Governor  Shirley  register  of  probate  in 
1748;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  his  native  town,  rather  as  an 
amusement  than  an  occupation,  so  large  was  his 
estate;  was  a  member  of  the  Provincial  House  of 
Representatives,  a  Provincial  councillor,  and  judge 
of  probate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from  March 
4, 17S9,  until  March  3, 1791 ;  and  was  again  elected  to 
the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 1795, 
until  March  3,  1797;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  a  State  senator;  died 
at  Raynham,  Massachusetts,  July  26,  1819. 

Leonard,  Moses  G.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  New- 
York  City ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,282  votes  against  4,389  votes  for  Scales, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  6,009  votes 
against  6,214  votes  for  Thomas  M.  Woodruff,  Native 
American;  was  for  several  years  commissioner  of 
migration  at  New-York  City. 

Leonard,  Stephen  B.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo- 
ratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by 
Abraham  P.  Grant ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen- 
;y-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,152  votes  against  8,725 
votes  for  John  Miller,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Leonards,  John  Edward,  was  born  in  Chester 

ounty,  Pennsylvania,  September  22,  1845;  was  ed 
ucated  in  early  youth  at  Phillips  Exeter  Academy, 


498 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
18G7;  studied  the  civil  law  in  Germany,  and  received 
the  decree  of  doctor  of  laws  from  the  University  at 
Heidelberg;  settled  in  Louisiana  upon  the  comple 
tion  of  his  studies,  and  began  the  practice  of  the  law 
in  the  Thirteenth  Judicial  District;  was  for  some 
time  district-attorney ;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Louisiana;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,881  votes  against  9,212 
votes  for  W.  W.  Farmer,  Democrat,  according  to  the 
certificate  of  Governor  Kellogg,  and  14,423  votes 
against  13,016  votes  for  W.  W.  Farmer,  according  to 
the  certificate  of  Governor  Nicholls ;  visited  Cuba  to 
see  a  young  lady  to  whom  he  had  become  attached,  and 
was  seized  by  the  yellow-fever,  of  which  he  died  at 
Havana  March  15,  1878.  His  remains  were  brought 
to  the  United  States,  and  interred  in  Chester  County, 
Pennsylvania. 

Letcher,  John,  was  born  at  Lexington,  Rock- 
bridge  County,  Virginia,  March  28,  1813;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Randolph  Macon 
College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1839,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lexington,  Vir 
ginia;  established  and  edited  "The  Valley  Star;" 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and  Butler 
ticket  in  1848 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1850 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  no  opposition ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  no  opposition ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  governor  of 
Virginia  18GO-1SG4. 

Letcher,  Robert  P.,  was  born  in  Goochland 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Lancaster,  Kentucky;  was  for 
several  successive  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives,  serving  one  year  as  speaker ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Clay  Democrat,  receiving 
288  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  defeating  John  Speed  Smith;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  3,055  votes  against  3,044 
votes  for  Thomas  P.  Moore,  Democrat,  who,  how 
ever,  claimed  to  have  received  55  more  votes,  and 
obtained  a  certificate  of  election,  but  the  House, 
after  prolonged  discussion,  gave  the  seat  to  Mr. 
Letcher,  who  served  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1835;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Harrison  and  Granger  ticket  in  1836 ;  was  governor 
of  Kentucky  1840-1844;  was  appointed  by  President 
Fillmore  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Mexico,  serving 
from  August  9,  1849,  until  August  3,  1852;  died  at 
Frankfort,  Kentucky,  January  24,  1861. 

Levin,  Lewis  C.,  was  bom  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  November  10,  1^08;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Columbia  College,  South 
Carolina;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  successively  in  Maryland,  Louisiana,  Ken 
tucky,  and  Pennsylvania,  finally  locating  at  Philadel 
phia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Native  American; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3, 
1&51. 

Levy,  David,  was  born  at  St.  Thomas  in  1811, 
but  was  taken  by  his  father  to  Virginia  early  in  life, 
and  received  a  classical  education ;  removed  to  Flori 
da  in  1824;  studied  law,  and  engaged  in  planting; 
was  elected  a  delegate  from  Florida  Territory  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  changed  his  name  to 
David  Levy  Yulee ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Con 


stitutional  Convention;  was  a  United-States  senator 
from  Florida  from  December  1,  1845,  until  he  with 
drew  in  I860  to  follow  the  fortunes  of  the  Southern 
Confederacy ;  was  confined  in  Fort  Pulaski  as  a  pris 
oner  of  state  in  18G5. 

Levy,  "William.  M.,  was  born  in  Isle  of  Wight 
County,  Virginia,  October  30,  1827;  received  a  clas 
sical  and  collegiate  education;  studied  law  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  First 
Virginia  Volunteers  in  the  Mexican  war;  removed  to 
Louisiana  in  1852,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  Louisiana  in  1859-1861 ;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Breckinridge  and  Lane  ticket  in  1860 ; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army,  participating  in  the 
engagements  on  the  Peninsula  in  1861  and  1862,  and 
thereafter,  until  the  close  of  the  war,  in  the  adjutant 
and  inspector  general's  department  on  the  staff  of 
General  Dick  Taylor;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  11,785  votes  against  7,593  votes 
for  George  L.  Smith,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877.  • 

Lewis,  Abner,  was  born  in  Chautauqua  Coun 
ty,  New  York ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
resided  at  Panama ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1838  and  1839;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,299 
votes  against  3,446  votes  for  Campbell,  Democrat, 
and  2,114  votes  for  Allen,  Abolitionist,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Lewis,  Barbour,  was  born  at  Alburg,  Vermont, 
in  1824;  received  his  early  education  in  common 
schools  in  Canada,  Vermont,  and  New  York ;  gradu 
ated  at  Illinois  College,  at  Jacksonville,  Illinois,  in 
1846;  was  a  teacher  for  some  years  at  Mobile,  Ala 
bama,  and  then  studied  law  at  the  law-schools  at 
Albany,  New  York,  and  at  Cambridge,  Massachu 
setts,  and  is  a  lawyer  by  profession;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  a  captain  of  volunteers  August  1, 
1861,  and  served  until  November,  1864;  in  March, 
1863,  was  appointed  judge  for  the  district  of  Mem 
phis  by  the  military  authorities,  and  served  as  such 
during  1863  and  1804;  in  March,  1867,  was  appointed 
by  Governor  Brownlow  president  of  the  Board  of 
County  Commissioners  of  Shelby  County,  and  held 
the  office  until  November,  18C9;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  13, 784  votes  against  10,541 
votes  for  L.  C.  Haines,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Lewis,  Burwell  Boykin,  was  born  at  Mont 
gomery,  Alabama,  July  7,  1838;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Alabama 
in  1857;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1859,  and  commenced  practice  at  Montevallo ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1868  on  the  Seymour  and 
Blair  ticket ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  an 
officer  in  the  Second  Alabama  Cavalry;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Ala 
bama  in  1870-1872;  removed  to  Tuscaloosa  in  1872; 
was  largely  interested  in  developing  the  mineral 
resources  of  Alabama,  and  is  the  principal  owner  of 
the  Central  Iron  Works  at  Helena;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  106,023  votes 
against  90,938  votes  for  A.  White,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Lewis,  Charles  S.,  was  born  at  Clarksburg, 
Virginia;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  John  F.  Snod- 
grass,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Lewis,  Dixon  Hall,  was  born  in  Dinwiddie 
County,  Virginia,  August  10,  1802;  his  family  re 
moved  when  he  was  young  to  Hancock  County, 
Georgia;  he  received  a  classical  education  at  Mount- 
Zion  Academy,  and  graduated  at  tlie  University  of 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


499 


South  Carolina;  removing  to  Autauga  County,  Ala 
bama,  in  1822,  he  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice;  when  twenty-one 
years  of  age  he  weighed  three  hundred  and  thirty 
pounds,  and  subsequently  weighed  four  hundred  and 
thirty  pounds,  which  made  it  necessary  for  him  to 
pay  for  two  seats  in  the  stage-coaches,  and  to  have 
bedsteads  and  chairs  made  for  his  especial  use;  he 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
of  Alabama  in  1825-1827 ;  he  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  was  successively  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh, 
and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1829,  until  he  was  appointed  United-States 
senator  in  1844  (to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  W.  II.  King,  appointed  minister  to 
France);  and  was  elected  senator  in  1847,  defeating 
W.  R.  King,  Democrat,  and  A.  F.  Hopkins.  Whig, 
serving  from  May  7,  1844,  until  his  death,  while  on  a 
visit  to  the  city  of  New  York,  October  25, 1848. 

Lewis,  Francis,  was  born  at  Llandaff,  Wales, 
March,  1713;  received  an  education  at  Westminster 
School,  London;  immigrated  to  North  America  in 
1735,  and  established  himself  in  mercantile  pursuits 
at  the  city  of  New  York;  was  an  agent  for  supplying 
the  British  troops  in  the  expedition  against  Canada 
in  1750;  was  taken  prisoner  at  Fort  Oswego,  and 
was  sent  to  Quebec,  and  thence  to  France,  as  a 
prisoner  of  war ;  on  his  release  he  returned  to  New 
York,  where  he  took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolu- 
tionary  movements ;  was  a  delegate  from  New  York 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1779;  after  a  suc 
cessful  business  career,  his  property  was  sacrificed 
to  his  patriotism;  he  died  in  comparative  poverty  at 
New  York  December  30,  1803. 

Lewis,  John  F.,  was  born  near  Port  Republic, 
Virginia,  March  1,  1818;  was  raised  as  a  farmer, 
which  occupation  he  followed ;  was  elected  in  1861 
to  the  convention  called  for  the  purpose  of  determin 
ing  whether  Virginia  should  remain  in  the  Union  or 
cast  her  lot  with  the  Gulf  States,  and  was  the  only 
member  of  that  body  who  refused  to  sign  the  ordi 
nance  of  secession;  was  the  Union  candidate  for 
Congress  in  the  Sixth  District  in  1865,  and  was 
defeated  by  A.  H.  H.  Stuart;  was  nominated  by  the 
"  true  Republican  party"  in  18(39  as  a  candidate  for 
lieutenant-governor  on  the  ticket  with  Gilbert  C. 
Walker,  and  was  elected  by  about  20,000  majority, 
leading  his  ticket  several  thousand  votes ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Virginia  as  a  Republican 
in  November,  1869;  took  his  seat  January  24,  1870, 
and  served  until  March  3,  1875. 

Lewis,  Joseph,  jun.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1772;  resided  at  Clifton;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Federalist; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth, 
Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  at  Clifton, 
Virginia,  March  30,  1834. 

Lewis,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  in  Barren  County, 
Kentucky,  October  29,  1824;  graduated  in  1843  at 
Centre  College,  Danville,  Kentucky;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  of  Kentucky  in  1S50-1851,  1851-1852, 
1852-1853,  and  1869-1870;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-first  Congress 
(in  place  of  J.  S.  Golladay,  resigned)  in  April,  1870, 
as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Lowry,  Republican;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,314  votes  against  5,657  votes  for  D.  R.  Carr, 
Republican,  serving  from  May  10,  1870,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Lewis,'  Thomas,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March 
5,  1804,  when  (his  election  having  been  successfully 
contested  by  Andrew  Moore)  he  was  superseded. 


Lewis,  William  J.,  was  born  near  Lynchburg, 
Virginia;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  c'f 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat 
without  opposition,  serving  from  December  1,  1817, 
to  March  3,  1819;  was  a  zealous  friend  of  internal 
improvement;  and  died  near  Lynchburg,  Virginia, 
November  1, 1828. 

L'Hommedieu,  Ezra,  was  born  at  Southold, 
Long  Island,  New  York,  August  30,  1724;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1744;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  New- York  City;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Provincial  Congress  1775-1778;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1777-17S3;  was  a 
delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1779.  1781,  1783,  1787,  and  1788;  was  a  State  senator 
1784-1792  and  1794-1809;  was  a  regent  of  the  Uni 
versity  of  the  State  of  New  York  17b7-1811;  died  at 
Southold,  Long  Island,  September  28.  1811. 

Ligon,  Robert  F.,  was  born  in  Clarke  County, 
Georgia ;  received  an  academic  education ;  removed 
to  Alabama  before  his  majority;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  is  now  a  practising  lawyer 
and  planter;  was  engaged  in  the  war  with  Mexico' as 
captain  of  a  volunteer  company;  was  a  member  <:f 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1849-1850, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1860,  and  re-elected  in 
1863;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  captain; 
was  lieutenant-governor  of  Alabama  in  1874;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,107  votes 
against  6,821  votes  for  D.  B.  Booth,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Ligon,  Thomas  Watkins,  was  born  in  Prince 
Edward  County,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia; 
studied  law  at  the  Yale  Law  School ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Baltimore; 
removed  to  Ellicott's  Mills,  and  thence  to  Elkton ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  governor  of 
Maryland  1854-1858. 

Lilly,  Samuel,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  medicine,  and 
practised  at  Lambertville;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,193  votes  against  8,315 
votes  for  Brown,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Lincoln,  Abraham,  was  born  in  Hardin 
County,  Kentucky,  February  12,  1809;  his  parents 
removed  in  1816  to  Pigeon  Creek,  Indiana;  worked 
on  his  father's  farm,  receiving  some  education  at  the 
village  school;  when  nineteen  years  of  age  made  a 
trip  to  New  Orleans  as  a  boatman;  removed  to 
Macon  County,  Illinois,  in  1830;  was  a  private  in 
the  thirty-days'  service  in  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and 
was  elected  captain  when  the  call  for  sixty  days' 
service  was  made;  in  1832  was  appointed  postmaster 
at  New  Salem ;  was  a  land-surveyor,  and  began  to 
study  law;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
1834-1841 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Springfield  in  1837;  can 
vassed  the  State  of  Illinois  for  Henry  Clay  in  1844 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,340  votes 
against  4,829  votes  for  Cartwright,  Democrat,  and 
249  votes  for  Walcott,  Abolitionist,  and  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849 ;  applied  for  ap 
pointment  as  commissioner  of  the  General  Land 
Office;  canvassed  Illinois  in  1858  as  candidate  for 
United-States  senator  in  opposition  to  Stephen  A. 
Douglas,  who  was  elected  by  the  legislature,  although 
the  popular  vote  gave  Lincoln  a  majority  of  over 
4,000;  was  elected  President  of  the  United  States  in 
1860  as  a  Republican,  receiving  180  electoral  votes 


500 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


against  72  electoral  votes  for  John  C.  Breckinridge, 
39  electoral  votes  for  John  Bell,  and  12  electoral 
votes  for  S.  A.  Douglas;  was  inaugurated  March  4, 
1801;  issued  the  first  call  for  troops  April  15,  1801, 
and  the  proclamation  of  emancipation  January  1, 
1803 ;  was  re-elected  President  in  1804,  receiving  212 
electoral  votes  against  21  electoral  votes  for  George 
B.  McClellan;  was  assassinated  by  J.  Wilkes  Booth 
April  14,  and  died  April  15,  1805. 

Lincoln,  Enoch,  (son  of  Levi  Lincoln,  and 
brother  of  Levi  Lincoln),  was  born  at  Worcester, 
Massachusetts,  December  28,  1788;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in 
1807;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Salem ;  he  soon  removed  to 
Worcester,  thence  to  Fryeburg  (now  Maine),  and 
thence  to  Paris  (now  Maine),  where  he  located  per 
manently;  was  elected  a  representative  from  a  dis 
trict  in  Massachusetts  (now  in  Maine)  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Albion  K.  Parris, 
resigned),  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  November  10,  1818,  to  March 
3.  1821 ;  Maine  became  a  State ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maine  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  to  1820,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  elected  governor  of  Maine;  served  as  governor 
until  his  death,  which  took  place  at  Augusta,  Maine 
( whither  he  had  gone  to  attend  the  examination  of 
a  female  academy),  after  three  days'  illness,  October 
8,  1829. 

Lincoln,  Levi  (father  of  Enoch  Lincoln  and  of 
Levi  Lincoln),  was  born  at  Hingham,  Massachu 
setts,  May  15,  1749;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1772 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1774,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Worcester;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixth  Congress  (in  place 
of  D wight  Foster,  elected  senator)  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  February  0,  1801,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Lincoln,  Levi  (son  of  Levi  Lincoln,  and  brother 
of  Enoch  Lincoln),  was  born  in  Massachusetts  Octo 
ber  25,  1782 ;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1802 ;  studied  law  with 
his  father;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1805,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  a  Democratic  member  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1812,  and  of  the  State  House  of 
Eepresentatives  1814-1822;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1820;  was  elected 
lieutenant-governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1823;  was 
appointed  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  in 
1824;  was  elected  governor  of  Massachusetts  1825- 
18^54;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  John 
Davis,  resigned)  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  4,034  votes  against  2.530 
votes  for  other  candidates;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  March  5,  1834, 
to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  collector  of  the  port  of  Boston 
1841 ;  was  again  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Senate, 
and  its  president;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket;  was  the  first  mayor  of 
Worcester  in  1848;  was  a  member  of  several  anti 
quarian,  historical,  and  agricultural  societies;  and 
died_at  Worcester,  Massachusetts,  May  29,  1868. 

Lincoln,  William  S.,  was  born  in  Newark 
Valley,  New  York,  August  13,  1813;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits, 
and  subsequently  in  the  manufacture  of  leather;  was 
postmaster  of  Newark  Valley  from  1838  to  1800 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  For 
tieth  Congress  as  a  republican,  receiving  10,204 
votes  against  10,849  votes  for  McCormick,  Democrat, 
servmg  froin  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Lindley,  James  J.,  was  born  at  Mansfield, 
Ohio,  January  1,  1822;  was  reared  at  Cynthia,  Ken 
tucky;  received  a  classical  education  at  Woodville 
College,  Ohio;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 


and  commenced  practice  at  Monticello,  Missouri,  in 
1840;  was  elected  circuit-attorney  in  1848,  and  re- 
elected  in  1852 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  0,828  votes  against  0,074  votes  for  Jackson, 
anti-Benton  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,150  votes  against 
7,380  votes  for  Fournoy,  anti-Benton  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857; 
removed  to  Davenport,  Iowa,  and  practised  there. 

Lindsey,  Stephen  D.,  was  born  at  Norridge- 
wock,  Maine,  March  3,  1828;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  1853;  was  clerk  of  the  ju 
dicial  courts  in  Somerset  County  1857-1800;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1850,  and  of  the  Senate  in  1808-1870,  and  president 
of  the  Senate  in  1809;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Republican  Conventions  of  1800  and  1808;  was  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council  of  Maine  in  1874; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15.741 
votes  against  12,788  votes  for  Edward  K.  O'Brien, 
Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Lindsley,  William  D.,  was  born  in  Connecti 
cut;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Sandusky,  Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  0,739  votes  against  0,035  votes  for  Saddler, 
Whig,  and  2,390  votes  for  Brinkerhoff,  Free-Soiler, 
and  serving  from  Decembers,  1853,  to  March  3, 1855; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,794  votes  against 
8,017  votes  for  John  Sherman,  Republican. 

Linn,  Archibald  L.,  was  born  in  New  York  in 
1802;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Union  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Schenectady;  was 
elected  mayor  of  Schenectady,  and  was  re-elected ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,074 
votes  against  5,579  votes  for  John  Cramer,  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1844 ;  died  at  Grassfield,  New  York,  October  10, 1857. 

Linn,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1704 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  January 
5,  1821,  when  he  died. 

Linn,  Lewis  Fields  (half-brother  of  Henry 
Dodge),  was  born  near  Louisville,  Kentucky,  No 
vember  5,  1790;  was  left  an  orphan  when  eleven 
years  of  age;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Gault  at  Louisville; 
served  in  the  war  against  Great  Britain  as  surgeon 
in  Colonel  Henry  Dodge's  Mounted  Rifle  Volunteers; 
completed  his  medical  studies  at  Philadelphia;  was 
admitted  to  practice,  and  located  at  St.  Genevieve, 
Missouri ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1827;  was  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  in  1832  a  member  of  a  commission  to  settle 
the  old  French  land-claims  in  Missouri;  was  ap 
pointed  United-States  senator  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Colonel  Alexan 
der  Buchner) ;  was  elected  by  the  State  legislature 
when  it  met,  and  was  twice  re-elected,  serving  from 
December  10,  1833,  until  his  death  at  St.  Genevieve, 
Missouri,  October  3,  1843. 

Litchfield,  Elisha,  was  born  at  Canterbury, 
Connecticut,  in  1795;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  learned  the  trade  of  carpenter  and  joiner;  re 
moved  to  Pompey  (now  Delphi),  New  York;  was 
appointed  postmaster  there,  and  justice  of  the  peace; 
abandoned  his  trade,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  in  1819; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  until  March  3,  1825;  was  again 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


501 


elected  to  the  State  Assembly  in  1832, 1833, 1834,  and 
1844,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  removed  in 
1838  to  Cazenovia,  New  York,  where  he  died  August 
4,  1859. 

Little,  Edward  P.,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  in  1788;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  as  a  midshipman  in  the  war  of  1812  on  board 
of  a  man-of-war  commanded  by  his  father,  Captain 
George  Little,  U.S.N. ;  resided  at  Marshfield;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1829- 
1834  and  1835-1838;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (in 
place  of  Orin  Fowler,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  30,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  was 
appointed  by  President  Pierce  collector  of  customs 
at  Plymouth,  Massachusetts,  serving  1853-1857. 

Little,  Peter,  was  born  at  Petersburg,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
mechanic;  removed  to  Maryland,  locating  at  Free 
dom;  was  elected  from  his  workshop  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Moore,  Federalist,  serving  from 
November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  William  Pinkney,  resigned);  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  2,  181G,  to  March  3,  1829; 
retired  to  rural  life ;  died  in  Baltimore  County,  Mary 
land,  February  5,  1830. 

Littlefield,  Nathaniel  S.,  was  born  at  Wells, 
Maine,  September  20,  1804;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Bridgeton ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1837-1839;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Zadoc  Long,  Whig,  and 
Parris,  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31, 1841,  to  March 
3, 1843 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
as  a  Cass  Democrat,  receiving  5,1GO  votes  against  4,407 
votes  for  Lincoln,  Whig,  and  1,438  votes  for  Fes- 
senden,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1854. 

Littlejohn,  DeWitt  C.,  was  born  at  Bridge- 
water,  New  York,  February  7,  1818;  received  an 
academical  education;  became  engaged  in  the  com 
merce  of  the  lakes  and  canals,  and  in  the  manufac 
ture  of  flour;  was  president  of  the  village  of  Oswego, 
and,  when  it  became  a  city,  became  a  member  of  its 
board  of  aldermen,  and  was  twice  its  mayor;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1853- 
1857, 1859-1861,  serving  the  first  five  years  as  speaker; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,667  votes  against  8,453  votes  for  Titus,  Democrat, 
and  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1865; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1866,  1807,  1870,  and  1871. 

Livermore,  Arthur  (son  of  Samuel  Liver- 
more),  was  born  at  Londonderry,  New  Hampshire, 
July  26,  1776;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Con 
cord  and  Chester;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  and  of  the  State  Senate;  was  a 
justice  of  the  Superior  Court  1799-1816,  presiding  as 
chief  justice  1809-1813;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  John  Adams  ticket  in  1801 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1817,  until  March 
3,  1821;  was  again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  until  March  3, 
1825;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  1825-1833;  and  died  at  Campton,  New  Hamp 
shire,  July  1,  1853. 

Livermore,  Edward  St.  Loe  (son  of  Samuel 
Livermore),  was  born  at  Londonderry,  New  Hamp 
shire,  in  1752;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  succes 


sively  at  Concord,  Portsmouth,  -Newburyport,  and 
Boston;  was  State  solicitor  for  Rockingham  County 
1791-1793 ;  was  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New 
Hampshire  1797-1799;  removed  to  Boston,  Massachu 
setts;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  until  March  3,  1811;  and  died  at  Concord,  New 
Hampshire,  September  22,  1832. 

Livermore,  Samuel  (father  of  Arthur  Liver- 
more  and  Edgar  St.  Loe  Livermore),  was  born  at  Wal- 
tham,  Massachusetts,  May  14,  1732  (old  style);  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Nassau 
Hall,  Princeton,  in  1752;  studied  law  with  Hon.  Ed 
mund  Trowbridge;  was  admitted  to  the  bur  in  1757, 
and  the  next  year  commenced  practice  at  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire ;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Court 
of  that  Province  in  17G8,  1769,  and  1770;  removed  in 
1775  to  the  town  of  Holderness,  of  which  he  was  one 
of  the  original  grantees,  and  the  principal  proprietor ; 
was  appointed  king's  attorney  in  1769,  and,  after  the 
change  of  government,  was  State's  attorney  for  three 
years;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
from  February  7,  1780,  until  he  resigned,  June  21, 
1782 ;  was  chief  justice  of  the  State  Supreme  Court 
1782-1789;  was  again  elected  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  November,  1784,  and  attended  the  session  of 
that  body  in  1785,  but  did  not  resign  his  seat  on  the 
bench;  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  First  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Second  Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to 
March  2,  1793;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  in 
1793,  serving  as  president  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore 
during  two  sessions,  and  resigning  on  account  of  ill 
health  in  1801 ;  he  died  at  Holderness  May  18, 1803. 

Livingston,  Edward,  was  born  at  Claremont, 
Livingston  Manor,  New  York,  in  1764;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1781;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1785,  and  commenced  practice  at  New- York  City; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in.  the 
Fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fifth  Congress,  receiving  1,734  votes  against  1,559 
votes  for  P.  Livingston;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March 
3,  1801;  was  United-States  district-attorney  March 
27,  1801- July  25, 1803;  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  New 
York  1801-1803;  became  a  public  defaulter  in  conse 
quence  of  the  dishonesty  of  a  clerk,  and  removed  to 
New  Orleans  in  February,  1804 ;  prepared  a  civil  and 
criminal  code  for  Louisiana;  served  as  aide-de-camp 
to  General  Jackson  at  the  battle  of  New  Orleans 
January  8,  1815 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  without  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  290  majority  over 
Foucher;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
receiving  316  majority,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1829 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-first  Congress  by 
Edward  D.  White ;  was  installed  in  1830  as  general 
grand  high  priest  of  the  General  Grand  Royal  Arch 
Chapter  of  Freemasons ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Louisiana,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  to  May  24,  1831,  when  he  resigned ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Jackson  secretary  of  state, 
serving  from  May  24,  1831,  until  May  29,  1833;  was 
appointed  minister  plenipotentiary  to  France  May 
29,  1833,  and  asked  for  his  passports  that  he  might 
withdraw,  under  instructions  from  the  President, 
April  28,  1835;  he  died  at  Rhinebeck,  New  York, 
May  23,  1836.  He  published  "  Judicial  Opinions 
delivered  in  the  Mayor's  Court,  New  York,"  1802, 
"  Report  to  the  Assembly  of  Louisiana  of  the  Plan 
of  the  Penal  Code"  1822,  "System  of  Penal  Law 
for  Louisiana"  1826,  and  "System  of  Penal  Law 
for  the  United  States"  1828.  "Reminiscences  of 
Livingston,"  by  A.  Davezac,  appeared  in  "  The 
Democratic  Review;"  and  C.  H.  Hunt  published 
"Life  of  Livingston"  in  1864. 


502 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Livingston,  Henry  Walter,  was  born  in  1764; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1780;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  New-York  City;  went 
to  France  in  1792  as  secretary  to  Gouverneur  Mor 
ris,  minister  plenipotentiary,  and  returned  with  him 
in  1794;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
of  Columbia  County;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807;  died  at  Linlithgow,  New 
York,  December  22,  1810. 

Livingston,  Philip,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York,  January  15,  1716;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1737 ;  became  a 
merchant  at  New- York  City ;  was  an  alderman  1754— 
1758;  was  a  member  of  the  Provincial  House  of 
Representatives  1759-1769;  was  actively  engaged  in 
pre-Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a  delegate  from 
New  York  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1778; 
was  chosen  president  of  the  New-York  Provincial 
Congress  April  29,  1775,  and  was  unanimously 
elected  a  member  of  the  First  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  February  1,  1776;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate;  founded  the  professorship  of  divinity 
at  Yale  College;  rendered  great  service  to  Colum 
bia  College,  to  the  New-York  Society  Library,  and  to 
the  New- York  Chamber  of  Commerce;  died  while 
attending  a  session  of  the  Continental  Congress  at 
York,  Pennsylvania,  June  12,  1778. 

Livingston,  Robert  Le  Roy,  was  born  in 
New  York ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1784 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Con 
gress  by  342  majority,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
May  6, 1812,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  a  lieutenant- 
colonel's  commission  in  the  army  of  the  United 
States  given  him  by  President  Madison. 

Livingston,  Robert  R.,  was  born  at  New 
York  November  27,  1747;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  King's  College  in  1765 ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  New  York ;  was  appointed  city  recorder,  and 
served  1773-1775 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  As 
sembly  1775;  was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  serving  1775-1777  and  1779- 
1781 ;  was  secretary  of  foreign  affairs  from  August, 
1781,  to  August,  1783;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  April,  1777;  was  chan 
cellor  of  the  State  of  New  York  1777-1801,  and,  as 
such,  administered  the  oath  of  office  to  Washington 
upon  his  inauguration  as  President;  was  minister 
plenipotentiary  to  France  1801-1804,  and  procured 
Ihe  cession  of  Louisiana;  was  president  of  the  New- 
York  State  Agricultural  Society  and  of  the  New- 
York  Academy  of  Finance;  died  February  26,  1813. 
He  published  "Oration  before  the  Cincinnati," 
"Address  to  the  Society  for  Promoting  the  Arts," 
"  Essays  on  Agriculture,"  "  Essay  on  Sheep." 

Livingston,  Walter,  was  born  in  New  York; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  York  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1784-1785. 

Livingston,  William,  was  born  at  Albany, 
New  York,  November  30,  1723;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1741 ;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  in 
New  York  and  New  Jersey;  established  and  edited 
"  The  Independent  Reflector"  in  1752;  removed  to 
Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey,  in  1773;  was  a  delegate 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774- 


declined  the  appointment  of  commissioner  to  super 
intend  the  erection  of  public  buildings  at  the  Federal 
•  •apital,  and  that  of  minister  to  the  Netherlands  in 
1787;  died  at  Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey,  July  25, 
1790.  He  published  "Digest  of  the  Colony  Laws" 


1752,  "  Review  of  the  Military  Operations  in  North 
America,"  a  defence  of  Governor  Shirley  1757,  and  a 
number  of  poems  and  political  pamphlets.  A  "Me 
moir  of  William  Livingston,"  by  Theodore  Sedge- 
wick,  was  published  in  1832. 

Lloyd,  Edward,  of  Maryland,  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  from  that  State  1783-1784. 

Lloyd,  Edward,  was  born  in  Maryland  in  1779; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Ninth  Congress  (in  place  of  Joseph  H.  Nicholson, 
resigned);  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1806,  to  March  3,  1809; 
was  governor  of  Maryland  1809-1811;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Maryland,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  January,  1826,  when  he  resigned 
on  account  of  continued  indisposition;  was  elected 
State  senator,  and  president  of  the  Senate,  1826-1831 ; 
died  at  Annapolis.  Maryland,  June  2,  1834. 

Lloyd,  James,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  received 
a  classical  education;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Maryland  (in  place  of  John  Henry, 
resigned),  serving  from  January  11,  1798,  to  May  15, 
1800,  when  he  resigned. 

Lloyd,  James,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1769;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1787;  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  visited  Europe,  residing  a  year  at 
St.  Petersburg;  returning  to  Boston,  was  elected  in 
1800  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and,  after  having  been  re-elected,  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Massachusetts  as  a  Federalist  (in 
place  of  John  Quincy  Adams,  resigned),  serving  from 
November  7,  1808,  to  1813,  when  he  resigned;  was 
again  elected  a  senator  from  Massachusetts  (in  place 
of  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  2,  1822,  to  May  23, 1826,  when  he  resigned ; 
resided  in  Philadelphia  the  last  years  of  his  life;  died 
at  New  York  April  5,  1831. 

Loan,  Benjamin  P.,  was  born  at  Hardinsburg, 
Kentucky,  October  4,  1819;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  and  practised  law;  went  to  Mis 
souri  in  1838;  served  as  brigadier-general  in  the 
Union  army  in  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the 
Rebellion ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  an  Emancipationist, 
receiving  5,572  votes  against  4,554  votes  for  Bruce, 
Democrat,  and  2,675  votes  for  Branch,  Independent ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  10,346  votes  against  1,774  votes  for  H.  B.  Branch, 
Independent,  and  35  scattering ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Radical,  receiving 
10,942  votes  against  3,980  votes  for  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Locke,  Francis  (nephew  of  Matthew  Locke), 
was  born  in  Rowan  County,  North  Carolina,  October 
31,  1766;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  elected  a 
judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  North  Carolina  in 
1803,  and  resigned  in  1814,  when  he  was  elected 
United-States  senator;  he  never  took  his  seat  in  the 
Senate,  and  resigned  in  1815 ;  died  January  8,  1823. 

Locke,  John,  was  born  at  Hopkinton,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  1764;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Cambridge  in  1792 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1796,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Ashby ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1804, 1805, 1813,  and  1823 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1820; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Eighteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1830;  was  a  member  of  the  Exec 
utive  Council  in  1831;  removed  to  Lowell  in  1837, 
and  thence  to  Boston  in  1849;  died  at  Boston  March 
29,  1855. 

Locke,  Matthew  (uncle  of  Francis  Locke),  was 
born  in  Rowan  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1730;  was 
an  early  and  devoted  friend  to  the  Revolution,  and 
had  at  one  time  four  sons  in  the  Continental  army, 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


503 


one  of  whom  was  killed  by  the  British ;  was  one  of  a 
commission  selected  by  the  people  of  North  Carolina 
in  1771  to  receive  the  fees  of  sheriffs  and  other  Colo 
nial  officers;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Com 
mons  of  North  Carolina  in  1775 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  convention  which  framed  the  Constitution  of 
North  Carolina  in  1776 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  2,  1793,  until  March  3,  1797;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Sixth  Congress  by 
Archibald  Henderson ;  died  at  Salisbury,  North  Car 
olina,  September  7,  1801. 

Lockhart,  James,  was  born  at  Auburn,  New 
York,  February  13,  1806;  removed  to  Indiana  in 
1832;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Evansville,  Indiana;  was 
elected  prosecuting-attorney  in  1841  and  1842;  was 
judge  of  the  Fourth  Judicial  District  1845-1851,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1850 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,173  votes  against  7  ,"847  votes 
for  De  Bruler,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 1851, 
to  March  3,  1853;  died  at  Evansville,  Indiana,  Sep 
tember  7,  1857. 

Lockwood,  Daniel  N.,  was  born  at  Hamburg, 
Erie  County,  New  York,  June  1,  1844;  graduated  at 
Union  College,  Schenectady,  New  York,  in  1865; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  Supreme 
Court  in  May,  1866,  and  has  practised  since  at  Buffa 
lo;  was  elected  district-attorney  for  Erie  County  in 
1874  for  the  term  of  three  years ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  20,125  votes  against 
19,716  votes  for  Elbridge  G.  Spaulding,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Lonand,  James  B.,  was  born  at  Milford,  Del 
aware,  November  2,  1823 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Delaware  College  in  1845;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  practised 
at  Milford ;  was  secretary  of  the  Senate  of  the  State 
of  Delaware  in  1849 ;  was  a  member  of  the  conven 
tion  to  revise  the  State  Constitution  in  1853;  was 
secretary  of  state  for  the  State  of  Delaware  in  1855- 
1859;  was  appointed  a  paymaster  in  the  army  by 
President  Lincoln  in  1863,  and  resigned  that  position 
in  1807;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Dela 
ware  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  11,337  votes  against  11,015  votes  for  A.  W. 
Wright,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1875. 

Logan,  George,  was  born  at  Stanton,  Penn 
sylvania,  September  9, 1753;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation;  studied  medicine  abroad,  graduating  at  the 
Edinburgh  Medical  School;  travelled  on  the  conti 
nent  of  Europe,  and  returned  home  in  1779;  devoted 
himself  to  scientific  agriculture;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  visited  France  as  a  self -constituted  peace  nego 
tiator,  and  was  successful,  but  Congress  enacted  a 
law  making  it  a  high  misdemeanor  for  citizens  of  the 
United  States  to  take  part  as  individuals  in  diplo 
matic  negotiations ;  was  elected  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Pennsylvania  (in  place  of  Peter  Muhlen- 
berg,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1807;  went  to  England  in 
1810  to  again  avert  threatened  hostilities,  but  was 
unsuccessful ;  died  at  Stanton,  Pennsylvania,  April 
9,  1821.  He  published  "Experiments  on  Gypsum," 
"  The  Rotation  of  Crops,"  and  several  pamphlets  on 
agricultural  subjects. 

Logan,  Henry,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  Dillsburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  603  majority ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Logan,  John  Alexander,  was  born  in  Jack 
son  County,  Illinois,  February  9,  1826;  received  a 
public-school  education;  served  in  the  Mexican  war 


as  adjutant,  of  the  First  Illinois  Infantry;  studied 
law  with  his  uncle,  A.  M.  Jenkins,  and  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  Louisville ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  elected  prosecuting-attor 
ney  for  the  Third  Judicial  District  of  Illinois  in  1852 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1852-1856;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Buchan 
an  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in  1856;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Douglas  Democrat,  receiving  15,878  votes 
against  2,796  votes  for  Phillips,  Republican,  and  144 
votes  scattering;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  21,381  votes  against  5,439 
votes  for  Linegar,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1859,  to  1861,  when  he  resigned  to  enter  the 
Union  army;  was  commissioned,  in  September,  1861, 
colonel  of  the  Thirty-first  Illinois  Volunteers ;  was 
promoted  to  be  brigadier-general  in  1862,  and  as 
major-general  in  1863,  especially  distinguishing  him 
self  at  Belmont,  Fort  Donelson,  Pittsburg  Landing, 
Vicksburg,  Chattanooga,  Atlanta,  and  as  commander 
of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee ;  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Johnson  to  be  minister  to  Mexico  in  1865,  but 
declined;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Soldiers'  National 
Convention  at  Pittsburg  in  1866;  was  elected  con 
gressman  at  large  from  Illinois  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  203,045  votes  against 
147,058  votes  for  Dickey,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  serving  from  March  4, 
1867,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Illinois,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1877. 

Logan,  William,  the  first  white  native  of  Ken 
tucky,  was  born  at  Harrodsburg  December  8,  1776; 
received  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1799 ;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives,  and  twice  its  speaker;  was  twice 
chosen  judge  of  the  State  Court  of  Appeals;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky,  serv 
ing  from  December  6, 1819,  to  1820,  when  he  resigned ; 
died  at  Harrodsburg,  Kentucky,  August  8,  1822. 

Long,  Alexander,  was  born  at  Greenville, 
Pennsylvania,  December  24,  1816;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1832,  and  commenced  practice  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1848  and  1849 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,212  votes  against  7,081  votes 
for  J.  A.  Gurley,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1864. 

Long,  Edward  H.,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1808;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Princess  Anne  County ; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  3,735  votes  against  3,577  votes  for  Martin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 1845,  to  March 
3, 1847 ;  died  in  Somerset  County,  Maryland,  October 
12,1865. 

Long,  John,  was  born  in  London  County,  Vir 
ginia;  removed  to  Randolph  County,  North  Carolina, 
where  he  was  a  farmer ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1815;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and  was 
successively  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth, 
and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  until  March  3,  1829. 

Long,  Pierce,  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1739;  received  a  good  English  educa 
tion;  entered  the  counting-room  of  his  father,  and 
became  his  partner  in  the  shipping  business;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Provincial  Congress  of  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1775;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as 
colonel  of  the  First  New-Hampshire  Regiment,  dis- 


504 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


languishing  himself  at  Ticonderoga;  was  a  volunteer 
at  the  battle  of  Saratoga;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Hampshire  to  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1786; 
was  a  State  councillor  1786-1789 ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Constitutional  Convention  1788 ;  was  appointed  by 
President  Washington  collector  of  customs  at  Ports 
mouth  in  January,  1789;  and  died  at  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  April  3,  1789. 

Longfellow,  Stephen,  was  born  at  Gorham, 
Massachusetts  (now  Maine),  June  23,  1775;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1798;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1801,  and  commenced  practice  at  Portland;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Hartford  Convention  in  1814;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  president  of  the  Maine 
Historical  Society  in  1834;  died  at  Portland,  Maine, 
August  2,  1849.  He  compiled  sixteen  volumes  of 
Massachusetts  Reports  and  twelve  volumes  of  Maine 
Reports. 

Longnecker,  Henry  C.,  was  born  at  Allen 
Township,  Cumberland  County,  Pennsylvania,  April 
17,  1825;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  the  Norwich  Military  University  of  Vermont,  and 
Lafayette  College,  Pennsylvania;'  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  Mexican  war 
as  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  voltigeurs  Febru 
ary  16,  1847-August  29,  1848,  and  was  wounded  at 
Chepultepec;  was  elected  district-attorney  of  Lehigh 
County  in  1848;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  8,324  votes  against  8,076  votes 
for  Roberts,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1861  as  colonel  of  the  Ninth  Pennsylvania  Volunteer 
Infantry;  commanded  a  brigade  in  Western  Vir 
ginia,  and  subsequently  commanded  a  brigade  of 
militia  at  Antietam;  was  appointed  in  1867  an  asso 
ciate  judge  of  Lehigh  County;  died  at  Lehigh,  Penn 
sylvania,  September  18,  1871. 

Longyear,  John  W.,  was  born  at  Shandaken, 
New  York,  October  22,  1820;  received  a  classical 
education;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1844;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Lansing ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,317  votes  against  11,407 
votes  for  Granger,  Union;  and  was  re-eleeted  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  15,432  votes  against 
12,758  votes  for  David  Johnson,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  a 
judge  of  the  District  Court  of  Michigan  in  1870. 

Loomis,  Andrew  W.,  resided  at  New  Lisbon, 
Ohio ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4,  1837,  to  October  20,  1837,  when  he  re 
signed. 

Loomis,  Arphaxad,  was  born  in  Hcrkimer 
County,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  resided  at  Little  Falls;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1839;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1841,  1842,  and  1853. 

Lpomis,  Dwight,  was  born  at  Columbia,  Con 
necticut,  July  27, 1821;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law,  com 
pleting  his  studies  at  the  New-Haven  Law  School ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Rockville,  Connecticut ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1851;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,766  votes  against  9,701  votes  for  Hyde,  Democrat, 
and  220  votes  for  Ezra  Clark,  jun. ;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  10,701 
votes  against  10,563  votes  for  Hyde,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863;  was 
appointed  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court. 


Lord,  Frederick  William,  was  born  at  Lyme, 
Connecticut,  December  11,  1800;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1821 ;  was 
professor  of  mathematics  at  Washington  College  for 
two  years;  was  principal  of  an  academy  at  Baltimore 
for  three  years ;  studied  medicine  at  Baltimore,  and 
received  a  diploma  of  doctor  of  medicine  from  Yale 
College  in  1829;  practised  medicine  for  fifteen  years 
at  Sag  Harbor,  New  York,  and  then  retired ;  removed 
to  Greenport,  Long  Island;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  died 
at  New- York  City  May  24,  1860. 

Lord,  Scott,  was  born  at  Nelson,  Madison  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  December  11,  1820;  was  educated  at 
common  schools,  and  at  Morrisville  and  Geneseo 
Academies;  studied  law,  and  practised  at  Utica;  was 
judge  of  LivMigston  County  from  July  1,  1847,  until 
January  1,  1854;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,922  votes  against  10,496  votes 
for  Ellis  H.  Roberts,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875,  to  March -3,  1877;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  13,069  votes  against  13,779  votes  for 
W.  J.  Bacon,  Republican. 

Loring,  George  Bailey,  was  horn  at  North 
Audover,  Massachusetts,  November  8,  1817;  was 
fitted  for  college  at  Franklin  Academy  in  that  town ; 
was  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1838;  re 
ceived  the  degree  of  M.D.  at  the  Harvard  Medical 
College  in  1842 ;  was  appointed  surgeon  of  the  Marine 
Hospital  at  Chelsea,  Massachusetts,  in  1843;  was 
surgeon  of  the  Seventh  Regiment,  M.  V.  M. ,  in  1842- 
1844;  was  appointed  commissioner  to  revise  the 
United-States  Marine-Hospital  system  in  1849;  was 
appointed  postmaster  of  Salem,  Massachusetts,  in 
1853;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of 
Representatives  in  1866-1867;  was  president  of  the 
Massachusetts  Senate  in  1873-1876;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Republican  National  Conventions  of  1868, 
1872,  and  1876;  was  appointed  United-States  centen 
nial  commissioner  for  Massachusetts  in  1872;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12.319 
votes  against  11,171  votes  for  Charles  P.  Thompson, 
Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Loughridge,  William,  was  born  at  Youngs- 
town,  Ohio,  July  11, 1827;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Mansfield,  Ohio;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1852;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Iowa  in  1857,  1858, 
1859,  and  1860;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Sixth  Jxi- 
dicial  Circuit  of  Iowa  in  1861,  which  position  he 
held  until  January,  1867 ;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Iowa  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  18,475  votes  against  12,395 
votes  for  Mackey,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  24,057  votes  against 
16,531  votes  for  Irish,  Democrat,  serving  from  March 
4, 1867,  to  March  3, 1871 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,638 
votes  against  11,703  votes  for  H.  H.  Trimble,  Demo 
crat  and  Liberal,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Love,  James,  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  resided  at  Barboursville ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress,  defeating  John  White,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835. 

Love,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received  an 
academical  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from 
October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1811;  died  August  17, 
1822. 

Love,  Peter  E.,  was  born  near  Dublin,  Georgia, 
July  7,  1818;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Franklin  College ;  attended  medical  lectures  at 
Philadelphia;  abandoned  medicine,  and  studied  law; 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


505 


was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Thomsville,  Georgia;  was  solicitor-general 
for  the  Southern  District  of  Georgia  in  1843 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1849 ;  was  appointed 
a  judge  for  the  Southern  District  of  Georgia  in  1853; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,247 
votes  against  3,881  votes  for  Mclntyre,  Opposition, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  January  23,  1861, 
when  he  retired  from  the  House  on  the  secession  of 
Georgia  from  the  Union. 

Love,  Thomas  C.,  was  a  practising  lawyer  at 
Buffalo,  New  York ;  was  a  judge  of  Erie  County  in 
1828;  was  district-attorney  of  Erie  County  in  1829- 
1S35;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  surrogate 
for  Erie  County  1841-1845 ;  died  at  Buffalo,  New  York, 
September  17, 1853. 

Love,  "William.  C.,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and 
reared  at  the  University  of  that  State,  at  which  his 
father  was  steward  in  1799;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Salisbury,  North  Car 
olina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1815,  until  March  3,  1817. 

Lovejoy,  Owen,  was  born  at  Albion,  Maine, 
January  0,  1811;  received  a  classical  education,  which 
he  completed  at  Bowdoin  College ;  studied  theology ; 
removed  to  Illinois  in  1830,  and  was  ordained  as  pas 
tor  of  the  Congregational  church  at  Princeton,  serv 
ing  1839-1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1854;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  19,008  votes  against  13,007  votes  for 
Osgood,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  22,313  votes  against  14,988  votes 
for  Armstrong,  Douglas  Democrat,  and  1,328  votes 
for  Le  Roy,  anti-Lecompton  Democrat ;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  29,001 
votes  against  19,744  votes  for  Murray,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  11,083  votes  against  11,020  votes  for  Hen 
derson,  Democrat,  and  013  votes  for  Graham,  Inde 
pendent,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  March  25, 
1804,  when  he  died  at  Brooklyn,  New  York,  having 
left  Washington  to  visit  a  more  genial  climate. 

Lovell,  James,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  October  31, 1737;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1750 ;  taught  school ; 
was  imprisoned  by  General  Gage  immediately  after 
the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill ;  he  was  conveyed  to  Hali 
fax  as  a  prisoner  of  war,  and  kept  in  close  confinement 
until  exchanged  for  Governor  Skene  in  1770;  was  a 
delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1770-1782;  was  receiver  of  taxes  1784-1788; 
was  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Boston  1788- 
1789;  was  naval  officer  1790-1814. 

Lovett,  John,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Connecti 
cut;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College;  removed  to  Albany,  New  York;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1800  and  1801;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist 
on  the  Peace  and  Commerce  ticket;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 
1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  in  Ohio  in  1818. 

Low,  Frederick  F.,  was  born  in  Maine  in  1828; 
received  a  business  education  in  Boston ;  removed  to 
California  in  1849,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  at  San  Francisco ;  removed  to  Marysville  in  1854, 
and  established  a  banking-house;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  California  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Republican ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  in  1803  collector  of  the  port  of  San 
Francisco,  and,  in  September  of  that  year,  was  ap 
pointed  governor,  serving  until  1807;  was  appointed 
by  President  Grant  in  1809  minister  to  China,  serv 
ing  until  1874. 

Low,  Isaac,  was  born  in  New  York ;  trained  as 


a  business-man;  was  active  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements;  was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1775;  was  a  member  of 
the  New-York  Provincial  Congress  in  1775;  was 
arrested  in  1770  on  suspicion  of  holding  correspond 
ence  with  the  enemy ;  was  president  of  the  New- York 
Chamber  of  Commerce  1782 ;  was  attainted  of  trea 
son,  his  property  was  confiscated,  and  he  was  exiled, 
and  went  to  England ;  died  in  England  in  1791. 

Lowe,  David  P.,  was  born  in  Oneida  County, 
New  York,  August  22,  1823 ;  graduated  at  the  law- 
department  of  the  Cincinnati  College  in  1851 ;  prac 
tised  law  at  Cincinnati  until  1801,  when  he  removed 
to  Kansas,  and  resumed  practice  there ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  of  Kansas  in  1803-1804;  was 
judge  of  the  Sixth  Judicial  District  of  Kansas  from 
March,  1807,  until  March,  1871;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kansas  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  40,017  votes  against 
20,841  votes  for  R.  C.  Foster,  Democrat ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  from  the  State  at 
large,  receiving  07,400  votes  against  34,450  votes  for 
S.  A.  Riggs,  Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  March 
4, 1871,  to  March  3, 1875 ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  commissioner  of  pensions  March  17,  1875,  but 
declined;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Territory  of  Utah; 
resumed  practice  at  Fort  Scott,  Kansas. 

Lowell,  John,  was  born  at  Newburyport,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1744;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1700 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1762,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Newburyport ;  was  an  officer  of  militia, 
and  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1770,  removing  to  Boston  in  1777;  he  was  again  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1778;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1780;  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783;  was  a  com 
missioner  to  establish  the  boundary-line  between 
New  York  and  Massachusetts  in  1784;  was  a  judge  of 
the  State  Court  of  Appeals  1784-1789;  was  a  judge 
of  the  United-States  District  Court  for  the  District 
of  Massachusetts  1789-1801 ;  was  justice  of  the  Unit 
ed-States  Circuit  Court  for  Maine,  New  Hampshire, 
Massachusetts,  and  Rhode  Island,  1801-1802;  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  American  Academy  of  Arts 
and  Sciences;  and  died  at  Roxbury,  Massachusetts, 
May  0,  1802. 

Lowell,  Joshua  A.,  was  born  at  Thomaston, 
Massachusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  March  20,  1801; 
received  a  public-school  education;  taught  school; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820,  and 
practised  at  East  Machias;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1832,  1833,  1835, 
and  1837 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,033  votes  against  4,066  votes  for  Joseph  C.  Noyes, 
Whig,  and  11  votes  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  his  election  being  unsuc 
cessfully  contested,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844 ;  died  at  East  Machias, 
Maine,  March  13,  1874. 

Lower,  Christian,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  as  his 
name  appears  on  a  list  of  those  whose  credentials 
entitle  them  to  seats  in  the  House,  reported  from  the 
Committee  of  Elections  December  26, 1805 ;  but  there 
is  no  other  mention  of  his  name  on  the  journals. 

Lowndes,  Lloyd,  jun.,  was  born  at  Clarks 
burg,  West  Virginia,  February  21,  1845 ;  graduated  at 
Alleghany  College,  Meadville,  Pennsylvania,  in  1865; 
attended  law-lectures  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  graduated,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
1867;  removed  the  same  year  to  Cumberland;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,258 
votes  against  12,545  votes  for  J.  Ritchie,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Lowndes,  Thomas,  Avas  born  at  Charleston, 


506 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


South  Carolina,  in  1765;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  engaged  in  business  pursuits;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Seventh 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1805; 
died  at  Charleston  July  8,  1843. 

Lo~wnd.es,  William,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  February  7,  1782;  was  taken  to 
England  when  a  lad,  and  studied  three  years  at  an 
English  grammar-school,  and,  on  his  return,  received 
a  cFassical  education  from  Rev.  Dr.  Gallagher,  a 
Catholic  priest;  studied  law  with  Chancellor  De 
Saussure ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  March,  1804, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Charleston,  but,  in  con 
sequence  of  the  injury  done  to  his  plantation  by  the 
equinoctial  storm  of  that  year,  he  abandoned  the 
law,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  the  first  captain  of  the  Washington  Light  In 
fantry  of  Charleston  when  it  was  organized  in  1807; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  without  oppo 
sition,  and  was  successively  elected  without  oppo 
sition  to  the  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth, 
Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
November  4,  1811,  until  he  resigned,  on  account  of 
ill  health,  May  8,  1822;  he  had  found  his  health  im 
proved  by  a  visit  to  England  in  1819,  and  he  deter 
mined  to  repeat  the  trip,  embarking  with  his  family 
from  Philadelphia  for  London;  but  he  died  at  sea 
October  27,  1822. 

Lowrie,  Walter,  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  Scot 
land,  December  10,  1784;  immigrated  to  the  United 
States  with  his  parents  in  1791,  and  located  in  Butler 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives  for  several  years;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Pennsylvania,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  secretary 
of  the  United-States  Senate  1825-1836;  was  secretary 
of  the  Presbyterian  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  1836- 
1868;  and  died  at  New-York  City  January  14, 1868. 

Loyall,  George,  was  born  at  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
May  29,  1789 ;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  William  and  Mary  College  in  1808;  visited 
England  in  1815 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1817-1827;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1829;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  (having  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  Thomas  Newton)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  9,  1830,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  appointed  navy  agent  at 
Norfolk  in  1837,  and  held  the  position  (with  the  ex 
ception  of  two  years)  until  the  secession  of  Virginia 
in  1861. 

Lucas,  Edward,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  an  officer 
in  the  war  of  1812;  was  for  several  successive 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
receiving  762  majority  over  Smith;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  appointed  military 
storekeeper  and  paymaster  at  the  Harper' s-Ferry 
Armory  May  12,  1847,  and  held  the  position  until  he 
died  at  Harper's  Ferry  March  4,  1858. 

Lucas,  John  B.  C.,  was  bom  in  Normandy, 
France,  in  1762;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  University  of  Caen  as  doctor  of 
civil  and  common  law  in  1782;  practised  in  France 
until  1784,  when  he  immigrated  to  the  United  States, 
and  located  on  a  farm  near  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania; 
acquiring  the  English  language,  he  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1792-1798,  and  a 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1794;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Octo 


ber  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Ninth  Congress,  but  resigned  before  taking  his  seat; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  judge  of  the 
United-States  Court  in  the  Northern  District  of  the 
Territory  of  Louisiana,  and  removed  to  St.  Louis; 
was  also  a  member  of  the  Commission  for  the  Ad 
justment  of  Land-Titles  1805-1812;  continued  to  act 
as  United-States  district-judge  until  1820;  retired  to 
a  farm  near  St.  Louis,  where  he  died  September  8, 
1842. 

Lucas,  "William,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Charlestown ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating 
R.  W.  Barton,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 1839, 
to  March  3,  1841;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  by 
Richard  W.  Barton,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  3.280  votes 
against  2,900  votes  for  C.  J.  Faulkner,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Lumpkin,  John  Henry  (nephew  of  Wilson 
Lumpkin),  was  born  in  Oglethorpe  County,  Georgia, 
June  13,  1812;  received  a  classical  education,  par 
tially  at  Franklin  and  Yale  Colleges;  studied  law 
with  his  uncle,  Wilson  Lumpkin;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  March,  1834,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Rome,  Georgia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1835;  was  solicitor-general  of 
the  Cherokee  Circuit  in  1838;  was  defeated  as  a 
Democratic  candidate  on  a  general  ticket  for  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  35,161 
votes  against  32,822  votes  for  Thomas  B.  King, 
Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  7,720  votes  against  4,889  votes  for  Miller, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,033  votes  against  1,243  votes  for  Crook, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1849;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,496  votes  against  2,900  votes,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  was 
for  several  years  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court ;  was  a  prominent  Freemason ;  died  at  Rome, 
Georgia,  June  6,  18(50. 

Lumpkin,  Wilson  (uncle  of  John  Henry 
Lumpkin),  was  born  in  Pittsylvania  County,  Vir 
ginia,  January  14,  1783;  removed  to  Oglethorpe 
County,  Georgia,  with  his  father,  in  1784;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Athens,  Georgia; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1817;  was  appointed  by  President  Monroe  a  mem 
ber  of  the  commission  to  establish  the  boundary- 
line  between  Georgia  and  Florida;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 1827, 
to  March  3,  1831;  was  governor  of  Georgia  1831- 
1835;  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  a  com 
missioner  under  the  treaty  with  the  Cherokees  in 
1835;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Georgia  (in  place  of  John  P.  King,  resigned),  serv 
ing  from  December  13,  1837,  to  March  3, 1841;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Board  of  Public  Works;  died 
at  Athens,  Georgia,  in  1871. 

Luttrell,  John  K.,  was  born  near  Knoxville, 
Knox  County,  Tennessee,  June  27,  1831,  but  has 
resided  in  California  twenty-two  years;  was  self- 
educated  ;  studied  and  practised  law,  and  is  a 
farmer;  was  elected  to  the  legislature  of  California 
in  1863,  and  served  in  the  sessions  of  1865-1866, 
1871-1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Cali 
fornia  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  14,033  votes  against  13,105  votes  for  J.  M. 
Coghlan,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,113  votes  against  3,814 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


507 


votes  for  C.  B.  Denio,  Eepublican,  and  1,918  votes 
for  James  Reed,  Independent;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  19,846  votes 
against  18,990  votes  for  McKenna,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1873. 

Lyle,  Aaron,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re- 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1817;  died 
September  24,  1825. 

Lyman,  Joseph  S.,  was  born  at  Hampden, 
Massachusetts;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Otsego  County,  New  York ;  held  several 
offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  G, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  died  at  Cooperstown,  New 
York. 

Lyman,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College'  in  1770;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1 780-1788 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1790-1793;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  7,  1795,  to  1801,  when  he  resigned  on 
account  of  ill  health;  and  died  in  1802. 

Lyman,  William,  was  born  at  Northampton, 
Massachusetts,  in  1753 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1776;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1789;  was  elected 
brigadier-general  of  militia;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Third  Congress,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797 ;  was  appointed  by 
President  Jefferson  consul  at  London  in  1805,  and 
held  the  office  until  his  death  in  October,  1811. 

Lynch,  John,  was  born  at  Portland,  Maine, 
February  18,  1825;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion,  and  graduated  at  the  Latin  High  School  of  that 
city  in  1842;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Maine  in  1862  and 
1864;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,090  votes  against  12,578  votes  for  L.  D.  M.  Sweat, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  15,011  votes  against  11,053  votes  for  L.  D.  M. 
Sweat,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  10,718  votes  against  14,579  votes 
for  Shaw,  Demosrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,571 
votes  against  11,075  votes  for  W.  P.  Haines,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  4,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1873;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  terra-cotta  near 
Washington  City;  was  editor  of  "The  Washington 
Union"  1870-1877. 

Lynch,  John  R.,  was  born  in  Concordia  Parish, 
Louisiana,  September  10,  1847,  a  slave;  and  he  re 
mained  in  slavery  until  emancipated  by  the  results 
of  the  Rebellion,  receiving  no  early  education;  a 
purchaser  of  his  mother  carried  her  with  her  children 
to  Natchez,  where,  when  the  Union  troops  took  pos 
session,  he  attended  evening  school  for  a  few  months, 
and  he  has  since,  by  private  study,  acquired  a  good 
English  education;  he  engaged  in  the  business  of 
photography  at  Natchez  until  1809,  when  Governor 
Ames  appointed  him  a  justice  of  the  peace ;  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  from  Adams 
County,  and  re-elected  in  1871,  serving  the  last  term 
as  speaker  of  the  House;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Mississippi  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  15,391  votes  against  8,430  votes 
for  H.  Cassidy,  sen.,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican  (de 
feating  Roderick  Seals,  Democrat),  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  187.),  to  March  3,  1877. 

Lynch,  Thomas  (father  of  Thomas  Lynch, 
jun.),  was  born  in  South  Carolina;  took  an  active 
part  i:i  pre-Rcvolutionary  movements;  was  a  dele 


gate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Colonial  Congress 
in  1765 ;  was  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1776,  when  he  resigned 
on  account  of  ill  health,  and  soon  afterwards  died. 

Lynch,  Thomas,  jun.  (son  of  Thomas 
Lynch),  was  born  on  the  North  Santee  River,  Prince 
George  Parish,  South  Carolina,  August  5,  1749; 
was  educated  at  Eton  and  Cambridge,  England; 
studied  law  at  the  Temple,  but,  before  complet 
ing  his  course,  returned  to  America  in  1772;  relin 
quishing  the  law,  he  became  a  planter  on  the  North 
Santee  River;  was  chosen  in  1775  a  captain  in  the 
First  South-Carolina  Continental  Regiment,  but 
resigned  in  a  few  months,  having  been  elected 
as  the  successor  of  his  father  (who  had  been  taken 
ill)  in  the  Continental  Congress,  where  he  served 
1776-1777;  his  health  failing,  he  embarked  for  St. 
Eustatius  with  the  intention  of  visiting  Europe,  and 
by  some  unknown  accident  perished,  with  all  the 
ship's  company,  at  sea,  in  the  latter  part  of  1779. 

Lynde,  William  P.,  was  born  at  Sherbume, 
Chenango  County,  New  York,  December  10,  1817; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1838;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  New  York  in  1841,  and  re 
moved  the  same  year  to  Wisconsin,  where  he  has 
practised  since;  was  appointed  attorney-general  of 
Wisconsin  in  1844;  was  appointed  United-States 
district-attorney  for  the  district  of  Wisconsin  in 
1845 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
June  5, 1848,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  elected  mayor  of 
Milwaukee  in  1800;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative 
Assembly  of  Wisconsin  in  I860,  and  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1808  and  1809 ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,046  votes 
against  9,545  votes  for  Harrison  Ludington,  Liberal 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  17,053  votes  against  11,952  votes 
for  W.  E.  Smith,  Republican,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875. 

Lynn,  James,  was  born  at  Trenton,  New  Jer 
sey;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1769;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801;  was  appointed  by 
President  Jefferson  supervisor  of  the  revenue;  was 
for  many  years  secretary  of  state  of  the  State  of  New 
Jersey  ;  died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  December 
29,  1820. 

Lyon,  Asa,  was  born  at  Pomfret,  Connecticut, 
December  31,  1763;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1791;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  South  Hero,  Vermont;  was  chief  judge  of 
Grand-Island  County  1805-1814 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  from  South  Hero  in 
1800,  1802,  1804,  1805,  1806,  and  1808,  and  from 
Grand  Isle  in  1810,  1811,  1812,  1813,  and  1814;  was  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council  in  1808;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  corporation  of  the  University  of  Vermont 
1814-1821;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ver 
mont  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist 
on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  17,718  votes  against 
16,874  votes  for  his  Democratic  opponent,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817;  although 
never  licensed,  he  was,  during  the  last  years  of  his 
life,  a  Calvinistic  preacher;  died  at  South  Hero 
April  4,  1841. 

Lyon,  Caleb,  "  of  Lyondale,"  was  born  at  Greig, 
New  York,  December  7,  1822;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  Norwich  University  of 
Vermont  in  1841 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk 
consul  at  Shanghai,  serving  1845-1849;  stopped  at 
California  on  his  return  voyage,  and  was  secretary 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention;  visited  Europe 
and  Egypt;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1851 ;  resigned,  and  was  the  same 
year  elected  to  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  rep- 


508 


CONGEESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  as  an  Independent,  receiving  8,937  votes  against 
7,891  votes  for  Mundy,  Democrat,  and  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  removed  from 
"  Lyonsdale,"  after  the  mansion  had  been  burned,  to 
Staten  Island;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
governor  of  Idaho  Territory,  serving  1864-1866;  on 
his  return  to  Washington,  he  was  robbed  of  §47,000 
of  public  money  in  a  sleeping-car  between  New  York 
and  Washington ;  died  near  Rossville,  Staten  Island, 
September  8,  1875. 

Lyon,  Chittenden  (son  of  Matthew  Lyon),  was 
born  in  Vermont  in  1786;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  removed  to  Kentucky  with  his  father  in 
1801 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  subsequently  of  the  State  Senate; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in 
1836;  died  in  Caldwell  County,  Kentucky,  Novem 
ber  8,  1842. 

Lyon,  Francis  S.,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Ala 
bama,  and  located  at  Demopolis ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  3,651  votes  against  3,604 
votes  for  Baylor,  Whig,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  to  the  Second  Confederate  Congress 
in  1863. 

Lyon,  Lucius,  was  born  in  Vermont ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  removed  when  a  young 
man  to  Bronson,  Michigan  Territory;  was  a  land-sur 
veyor;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Michigan  Terri 
tory  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Michigan, 
serving  from  January  26,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839; 
was  again  elected  a  representative  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1845;  was  surveyor-general  of  public  lands 
in  the  North- West;  died  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  Sep 
tember  25,  1851. 

Lyon,  Matthew  (father  of  Chittenden  Lyon), 
was  born  in  Wicklow  County,  Ireland,  in  1746;  im 
migrated  to  America  in  1759 ;  took  an  active  part  in 
the  pre-Revolutionary  movements;  was  a  deputy- 
paymaster  in  the  Revolutionary  army  in  1778;  was 
clerk  of  the  Court  of  Confiscation  in  1786;  founded 
the  town  of  Fairfield,  Vermont,  in  1783;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1784- 
1794;  edited  "The  Freeman's  Library"  newspaper; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the 
Fifth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3, 
1801;  in  January,  1798,  a  motion  was  made  to  have 
him  expelled  for  having  spat  in  the  face  of  Roger 
Griswold,  a  representative  from  Connecticut,  but  it 
failed;  in  October,  1798,  he  was  indicted  in  Vermont 
for  writing  for  publication  a  letter  calculated  "to 
stir  up  sedition,  and  to  bring  the  President  and 
Government  of  the  United  States  into  contempt;" 
he  was  found  guilty,  and  sentenced  to  be  imprisoned 
four  months,  and  to  pay  costs  and  a  fine  of  $1,000;  he 
was  accordingly  imprisoned  four  months  in  the  depths 
of  winter  in  a  comfortless  cell,  and  he  paid  the  fine, 
which  Congress  refunded  to  his  heirs  with  interest; 
Mr.  Lyon  is  said  to  have  revenged  his  wrongs  by 
giving  the  vote  that  made  Jefferson  President;  he 
afterwards  removed  to  Kentucky,  from  which  State 
he  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Elev 
enth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to 
March  3,  1811;  he  became  bankrupt  after  having 
contracted  to  build  a  fleet  of  gun-boats  for  service  in 
the  war  of  1812;  was  appointed  United-States  factor 


among  the  Cherokee  Indians  in  Arkansas,  and  re 
moved  to  that  Territory;  was  the  first  delegate  elect 
ed  to  Congress,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat,  at 
Spadra  Bluff,  Arkansas,  August  1,  1822. 

Lytle,  Robert  T.,  resided  at  Cincinnati;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  10,  1834;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  by  Bellamy  Storer,  Whig,  who  received  105 
majority;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (to  supply  the  vacancy  caused  by  his  own 
resignation),  receiving  2,602  votes  against  2,555  votes 
for  Mason,  Whig,  serving  from  December  27,  1834, 
to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  appointed  surveyor-general  of 
public  lands  in  Ohio,  serving  1835-1S3S;  died  at  New- 
Orleans,  while  on  his  way  to  Texas,  December  21, 
1881. 

McAllister,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Dauphin 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1814;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
iron  at  the  Springfield  furnace ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvar'a  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,328  votes  against 
7,556  votes  for  Blair,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865. 

McArthur,  Duncan,  was  born  in  Dutchess 
County,  New  York,  in  1772;  removed  with  his  father 
to  Western  Pennsylvania  in  1780;  became  a  pioneer 
land-surveyor  in  Ohio,  locating  at  Chillicothe;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1805;  was  elected  colonel  of  militia  in  1806,  and 
briga,dier-general  in  1808;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 
as  colonel  of  the  First  Ohio  Volunteers  from  May  7, 
1812;  was  promoted  brigadier-general  March  12, 1813, 
and  was  mustered  out  June  15,  1815;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
but  declined  leaving  the  army;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1815 ;  was  a 
commissioner  to  negotiate  treaties  with  the  Indians 
in  1816 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1817-1819 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Clay 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March 
3,  1825;  was  governor  of  Ohio  1830-1832;  was  de 
feated  as  a  Clay  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twen 
ty-third  Congress  by  one  majority,  which  elected 
William  Allen,  Jackson  Democrat;  died  at  his  resi 
dence  near  Chillicothe,  after  an  excruciating  illness 
of  four  years,  preceded  by  paralytic  affliction,  April 
28,  1839. 

McBride,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Moore  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  that  State  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress, 
defeating  J.  Culpepper,  serving  from  May  22,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1813;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
for  two  years. 

McBride,  John  R.,  was  born  in  Franklin  Coun 
ty,  Missouri.  August  22,  1832;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  Oregon  in  1846:  was 
chosen  superintendent  of  schools  in  1854;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  practised 
at  Lafayette;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention;  was  j,  member  of  the  State  Senate 
for  four  years;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Oregon  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  6,809  votes  against  3,632  votes  for 
Wait,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to 
March  3,  1865;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant 
United-States  judge  for  the  district  of  Idaho. 

McCarthy,  Dennis,  was  born  at  Salina,  New 
York,  March  19,  1814;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  and  the  manu 
facture  of  salt ;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assem 
bly  of  New  York  in  1846;  was  mayor  of  Syracuse  in 
1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,260  votes  against  9,966  votes  for  Ruger,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  re- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


509 


ceiving  16,470  votes  against  11,455  votes  for  Porter, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1871;  was  defeated  as  the  Independent  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
8,:)74  votes  against  10,788  votes  for  R.  Holland  Duell, 
Republican. 

•  McCarty,  Andrew  Z.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Pulaski ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,535  votes  against  4,728  votes  for  Babcock, 
Democrat,  and  3,C52  votes  for  Case,  Free-Soiler,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

McCarty,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  with 
his  parents  to  Indiana,  and  located  in  Franklin 
County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  ;  was  instrumental  in  forming  the  new 
county  of  Fayette;  was  elected  clerk  of  its  courts, 
and  removed  to  Connorsville,  its  county-seat;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  defeating  James  Rariden, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3, 
1837 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  3,959  votes  against 
6,235  votes  for  James  Rariden,  Whig;  removed  to 
Keokuk,  Iowa,  where  he  died  in  1855. 

McCarty,  Richard,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March 
3,  1823. 

McCarty,  W^illiam  M.,  was  born  in  Loudon 
County,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
1,219  votes  against  868  votes  for  James  W.  Pegram, 
Democrat,  serving  from  January  25,  1840,  to  March 
3,  1841. 

McClauslen,  William  C.,  was  born  in  Ohio; 
received  a  public-school  education;  located  at  Steu- 
benville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  6,741  votes  against  5,883  votes  for  Hanna,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

McClean,  Moses,  was  born  at  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1804;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1825,  and  commenced  practice  at  Gettysburg;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1847 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1855;  was  for  many 
years  president  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Pennsyl 
vania  College;  died  at  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania, 
October  1,  1870. 

McCleary,  James,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Republican  (receiving  11,786  votes  against  7,171 
votes  for  M.  Ryan,  Democrat) ;  visited  Cuba  in  the 
hope  of  finding  relief  from  a  pulmonary  complaint; 
was  not  well  enough  to  return  at  the  commencement 
of  the  session,  and  died  November  5,  1871.  He 
served  in  the  Union  army,  where  he  lost  an  arm ;  was 
subsequently  connected  with  the  Freedmen's  Bureau 
in  North  Carolina  and  in  Louisiana,  and  entered 
into  the  practice  of  law  in  the  last-named  State. 

McClellan,  Abraham,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
resided  at  Blountsville ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  3,612  votes  against  2,351  votes 
for  Samuel  Bunch,  Whig,  and  865  votes  for  Eliot, 
Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  1,961  majority  over  John  A.  McKinney, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1843. 

McClellan,  Robert,  was  born  in  Schoharie 
County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 


from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,194  votes  against  10,139  votes 
for  Justus  McKinstry,  Whig,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Middlebury  June  7, 
1860. 

McClelland,  Robert,  was  born  at  Greencastle, 
Pennsylvania,  August  1,  1807;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dickinson  College  in  1829; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Pittsburg;  removed  to  Mon 
roe,  Michigan,  in  1833;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1835 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1838-1843,  serv 
ing  the  last  year  as  speaker ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Michigan  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,877  votes  against  6,442  votes  for 
Lawrence,  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3.  1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Demo 
cratic  Conventions  in  1848,  1852,  and  1868;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Michigan  1852-1853;  was  appointed  by 
President  Pierce  secretary  of  the  interior  1853-1857 ; 
removed  to  Detroit,  Michigan,  and  resumed  prac 
tice. 

McClelland,  William,  was  born  at  Mount 
Jackson,  Pennsylvania,  March  2,  1842;  received  a 
common-school  education,  and,  for  a  time,  attended 
Westminster  College  at  New  Wilmington,  Pennsyl 
vania  ;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  late  war,  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  Battery  B,  First  Artillery,  P.  R.  V.  C.,  and, 
at  the  close  of  the  war,  was  mustered  out  as  its  com 
mander,  having  served  over  four  years,  and  partici 
pated  in  all  the  battles  fought  by  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  except  Chancellorsville  and  Gettysburg; 
subsequently  attended  Alleghany  College  at  Mead- 
ville,  Pennsylvania,  but  did  not  graduate;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  June,  1870 ;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,277  votes  against  11,505  votes  for  J.  B.  Donley, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,169  votes 
against  14,195  votes  i'or  William  S.  Moore,  Repub 
lican. 

McClenachan,  Blair,  was  born  in  Pennsylva 
nia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1799. 

McClene,  James,  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl 
vania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1780. 

McClernand,  John  Alexander,  was  born  in 
Breckenridge  County,  Kentucky,  May  30,  1812;  re 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Illinois;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law  with  Henry  Eddy ;  wras 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Shawneetown;  served  in  the  Black  Hawk  war  as 
a  private ;  established  and  edited  "  The  Shawneetowrn 
Democrat;"  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  cf 
Representatives  in  1836,  1840,  1842,  and  1843;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
defeating  Zadoc  Casey,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1859,  until  the  commencement 
of  hostilities  in  1861,  when  he  resigned,  and  returned 
to  Illinois,  where  he  recruited  a  brigade  for  the  Union 
army,  serving  through  the  war. 

McCloud,  John  B.,  of  Mobile,  claimed  to  have 
been  elected  a  representative  from  the  Second  Dis 
trict  of  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  645  votes  against  641  votes  for  Wing,  116  for 
Cowper,  and  20  scattering.  The  House  Committee 
on  Elections  reported  in  February,  1863,  that  this  was 


510 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


in  no  sense  an  election,  as  the  district  visually  polled 
over  10,000  votes,  and  only  four  precincts  were 
opened. 

McClure,  Charles,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
residod  at  Pittsburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1839 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  William  S.  Ramsay,  deceased), 
serving  from  December  7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1841 ; 
was  State  secretary  of  state;  died  in  consequence  of 
a  fall,  which  broke  his  neck,  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsyl 
vania,  February  8,  1846. 

McClurg,  Joseph  "W.,  was  born  in  St.  Louis 
County,  Missouri,  February  22,  1818;  was  educated 
at  Xenia  Academy  and  Oxford  College,  Ohio ;  was  a 
teacher  in  Louisiana  and  Mississippi  in  1835  and  1836 ; 
went  to  Texas,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  made  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1840 ;  after 
wards  returned  to  Missouri,  and  in  1844  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  served  as  colonel  of  home 
guards  early  in  1861,  and  afterwards  as  colonel  of 
cavalry  in  the  Union  army  for  the  suppression  of  the 
Rebellion ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Convention  of 
Missouri  of  1861,  1802,  and  1863;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  an  Emancipation  candidate,  receiving  4,930 
votes  against  4,333  votes  for  Price,  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Radical 
candidate,  receiving  0,976  votes  against  2,555  votes 
for  Orr,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  in  1866  as  a  Radical,  receiving  7,617  votes 
against  4,084  votes  for  Thomas  L.  Prioe,  Conserva 
tive,  serving  from  December  7, 1863,  to  1868,  when  he 
resigned. 

McComas,  William,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  defeating  William 
Smith  by  400  majority ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  defeating  D.  Smith  by  206  majority, 
and  sen-ing  from  December  2,  1833,  to  "March  3, 1837. 

McComb,  Eleazer,  was  a  delegate  to  the- Con 
tinental  Congress  from  Delaware  1782-1784. 

McConnell,  Felix  G.,  was  born  in  Lincoln 
County,  Tennessee,  but  removed  in  1824  to  Tallade- 
ga,  Alabama ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  defeating  William  P.  Chilton,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  September  10,  1846;  he 
committed  suicide  in  a  fit  of  delirium  at  the  St. 
Charles  Hotel,  Washington,  by  stabbing  himself  in 
the  abdomen,  and  then  cutting  his  throat. 

McCook,  Anson  G.,  was  born  at  Steubenville, 
Ohio,  October  10,  1835;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  in  the  spring  of  1854  crossed  the  plains  to 
California;  returned  in  the  autumn  of  1859,  and,  at 
the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion,  was  engaged  in  the 
study  of  the  law;  entered  the  Union  army  as  captain 
in  the  Second  Regiment  of  Ohio  Infantry,  and  was 
at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run;  on  the  re-organization 
of  the  regiment,  was  commissioned  major,  and  after 
ward  promoted  to  be  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel, 
serving  with  the  regiment  in  the  Army  of  the  Cum 
berland  ;  at  the  muster-out  of  the  regiment,  was  com 
missioned  colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Ninety- 
fourth  Ohio  Infantry,  and,  at  the  close  of  the  war, 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general;  was  appointed  as 
sessor  of  internal  revenue  in  the  Seventeenth  Ohio 
District  in  November,  1865;  removed  to  New  York 
in  May,  1873,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,221  votes  against  12,408  votes  for 
Elijah  Ward,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

McCord,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Ulster  County, 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1800, 1801, 1802,  and  1807;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  iu  the  Eighth 


Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1805. 

McCorkle,  Joseph  W.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  re 
moved  to  Marysville,  California;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  California  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  23,493  votes  against 
19,071  votes  for  Moore,  Whig,  serving  from  December 

1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

McCormick,  James  R.,  was  born  in  Washing 
ton  County,  Missouri,  August  1,  1824;  received  a 
public-school  education;  studied  medicine;  was  li 
censed  to  practise  in  1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1861;  was  a  State 
senator  in  1862;  served  as  a  brigadier-general  of  mi 
litia  in  1863;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a 
surgeon  in  the  army,  which  he  declined ;  was  again 
elected  United-States  senator  in  1866;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Thomas  E.  Noell,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
5,153  votes  against  4,226  votes  for  Bush,  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
7,572  votes  against  2,331  votes  for  G.  I.  Van  Allen, 
Republican,  and  2,015  votes  for  W.  Nalle,  Independ 
ent  Democrat,  serving  from  December  17,  1867,  to 
March  3,  1873. 

McCormick,  Richard  C.,  was  born  at  New 
York  in  1832 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  entered 
into  business  in  Wall  Street  in  1850;  visited  Europe 
during  the  Crimean  war;  edited  "  The  Young  Men's 
Magazine"  in  1859;  was  a  war-correspondent  for 
several  leading  journals  in  1861 ;  was  chief  clerk  of 
the  Department  of  Agriculture  in  1862;  was  ap 
pointed  secretary  of  Arizona  Territory  in  1863,  and 
governor  of  the  Territory  in  1866;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Arizona  Territory  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  an  Independent  Union  candidate,  re 
ceiving  1,263  votes  against  644  votes  for  Rush,  and 
186  votes  for  Adams;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  970  majority  over  P.  R. 
Brady,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  serving  from  March  4, 1869,  to  March 
3,  1875;  was  a  commissioner  to  the  Centennial  Ex 
hibition  1875-1876;  was  assistant  secretary  of  the 
treasury  1877-1878;  was  chief  commissioner  to  the 
Paris  Exposition  1878. 

McCoy,  Robert,  was  born  at  Carlisle,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  State 
canal  commissioner;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833; 
died  at  Wheeling,  Virginia,  June  7,  1849. 

McCoy,  William,  was  born  in  Augusta  County, 
Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  Fif 
teenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nine 
teenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses,  serving  from  November  4, 1811,  to  March 

2,  1833. 

McCrary,  George  W.,  was  born  near  Evans- 
ville,  Indiana,  August  29,  1835;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  the  Territory  which  now  forms  the  State 
of  Iowa  in  1836;  was  educated  in  the  public  school 
and  academy ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  at  Keokuk,  Iowa,  in  1856 ;  in  1857  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  legislature ;  in  1861  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate  for  four  years;  and,  after  devoting 
all  his  time  to  the  practice  of  his  profession  until 
1868,  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,718  votes  against'12,705  votes  for  Claggett,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  13,327  votes  against  9,961  votes  for  Edmund 
Jagcr,  Democrat;  was  "re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  15,149  votes  against  10,961  votes 
for  Shelley,  Liberal  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  11,384  votes 
against  9,521  votes  for  Leroy  G.  Palmer,  Liberal  and 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


511 


1877 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Hayes  secretary  of 
war  March  12,  1877. 

McCrate,  John  D.,  was  born  at  Wiscasset, 
Maine,  May  1,  1800;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1819;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Wiscasset;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1831-1836;  was  collector  of  customs 
at  Wiscasset  1836-1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3, 
1847. 

McCreary,  John,  was  born  in  Chester  District, 
South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821. 

McCreedy,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

McCreery,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  in  Kentucky 
in  1817 ;  studied  law,  but,  instead  of  practising  the 
profession,  turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pur 
suits;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1852;  was  a 
member  of  the  board  of  visitors  to  the  Military 
Academy  at  West  Point  in  1858 ;  was  elected  in  1868 
United-States  senator  from  Kentucky  (in  the  place 
of  James  Guthrie,  resigned);  took  his  seat  February 
27, 1868,  and  served  until  Marcli  3, 1871 ;  and  was  re- 
elected  as  a  Democrat  (in  the  place  of  W.  B.  Machen, 
appointed  in  the  place  of  Garrett  Davis,  deceased ) , 
and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1873.  His  term  of  service 
will  expire  March  3,  1879. 

McCreery,  William,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Eighth  Congress ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809. 

McCulloch,  George,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ; 
resided  at  Centre  Line ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress 
(in  place  of  William  W.  Potter,  deceased)  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1841. 

McCulloch,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,847  votes  against 
6,112  votes  for  Shaffer,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

McCullough,  Hiram,  was  born  in  Cecil  County, 
Maryland,  September  20, 1818;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Maryland  in  1845-1851;  was 
appointed  one  of  the  codifiers  of  the  laws  of  Mary 
land  in  1852 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  9,677  votes  against  6,307  votes  for  J.  A.  J. 
Creswell,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  11,729  votes  against 
4,052  votes  for  Russum,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869. 

McCullough,  Thomas  G.,  was  born  in  Frank 
lin  County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  David 
Fullerton,  resigned),  serving  from  November  13, 
1820,  to  March  3,  1821. 

McDaniel,  William,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Sterling  Price,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat, 
defeating  Kincaid,  Whig,  serving  from  December  7, 
1846,  to  Marcli  3, 1847. 

McDill,  Alexander  S.,  was  born  in  Crawford 
County,  Pennsylvania,  March  18, 1822 ;  after  a  partial 
course  of  studies  at  Alleghany  College,  studied  and 
graduated  in  medicine  at  the  Cleveland  Medical  Col 
lege;  was  engaged  in  the  general  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  in  his  native  State  from  1848  until  1856,  when 
he  removed  to  his  present  place  of  residence  in 
Portage  County,  Wisconsin;  was  elected  to  the 


House  of  Representatives  of  the  Wisconsin  legisla 
ture  in  1861,  and  to  the  State  Senate  of  Wisconsin 
in  1862;  was  chosen  a  presidential  elector  in  1864; 
was  one  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  Wisconsin 
State  Hospital  for  the  Insane  from  1862  to  1868, 
when  he  was  elected  medical  superintendent,  which 
position  he  resigned  to  take  his  seat  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  to  which  he  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Wisconsin  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,711  votes  against  7,238  votes  for  W.  Carson,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  4, 
1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,444  votes 
against  9,446  votes  for  George  M.  Cate,  Independent 
Reformer;  resumed  his  position  as  medical  super 
intendent  of  the  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  near  Madi 
son,  Wisconsin;  and  died  there  November  12.  1875. 

McDill,  James  Wilson,  was  born  at  Monroe, 
Ohio,  March  4,  1834 ;  received  an  early  education  at 
the  South-Salem  Academy,  and  graduated  at  the 
Miami  University  at  Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1853;  studied 
law  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  with  Sam.  Galloway;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856,  and  removed  to  Iowa  in 
that  year;  was  elected  county-judge  of  Union  County, 
Iowa,  in  1859;  was  appointed  in  1861  clerk  of  the 
Senate  Committee  on  the  District  of  Columbia,  of 
which  Hon.  J.  W.  Grimes  was  chairman,  and  sub 
sequently  a  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  third  auditor 
of  the  treasury,  in  which  he  served  until  the  spring 
of  1865,  when  he  resigned,  and  returned  to  Iowa; 
was  elected  circuit-judge  of  the  Second  District, 
Third  Judicial  Circuit  of  Iowa,  in  1868;  was  ap 
pointed  in  1870,  and  then  elected,  district-judge  of 
the  Third  Judicial  Circuit  of  Iowa,  which  position 
he  held  when  he  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Iowa  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  12,675  votes  against  10,204  votes  for  W.  W. 
Merritt,  Democrat  and  Liberal;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  14,156  votes 
against  10,776  votes  for  Anson  Rood,  anti-Monopolist 
and  Granger,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  f877. 

McDonald,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Clinton 
County,  Pennsylvania,  April  10,  1832 ;  was  educated 
at  the  Lewisburg  University;  removed  to  Kansas  in 
1857;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  took  a  leading 
part  in  raising  and  equipping  Union  troops  during 
the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion ;  estab 
lished  himself  in  Arkansas  as  a  merchant  in  1863 ; 
was  the  founder  and  first  president  of  the  Na 
tional  Bank  at  Fort  Smith,  and  afterwards  of  the 
Merchants'  National  Bank  at  Little  Rock;  was  the 
first  signer  of  the  call  for  the  State  Convention  under 
the  reconstruction  acts,  and  was  elected  a  member  of 
that  convention;  was  ele«ted  United-States  senator 
from  Arkansas  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  June 
23,  ]868,  to  March  3,  1871. 

McDonald,  Joseph  E.,  was  born  in  Butler 
County,  Ohio,  August  29, 1819 ;  was  taken  to  Indiana 
in  1826;  was  apprenticed  to  the  saddler's  trade  at 
Lafayette;  was  two  years  in  college,  but  did  not 
graduate;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1843,  and  commenced  practice;  was  prosecuting- 
attorney  in  1843-1847;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,432  votes  against  7,098  votes  for  Lane, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1851 ;  was  elected  attorney-general  of  Indiana  in  1856, 
and  re-elected  in  1858;  removed  to  Indianapolis  in 
1859;  was  the  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  of  Indiana  in  1864;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Indiana  as  a  Democrat  (to  suc 
ceed  Daniel  D.  Pratt,  Republican),  and  took  his  seat 
March  5,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire  March 
3,  1881. 

MacDonald,  Moses,  was  born  at  Limerick, 
Maine,  April  8,  1815 ;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Limerick,  Maine;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 


512 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1841,  1842,  and  1845,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker 
of  the  House;  was  State  senator  1847;  was  State 
treasurer  of  Maine  1847-1849;  was  elected  a  rejfresen- 
tative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  5,173  votes  against  4,683  votes 
for  N.  D.  Appleton,  Whig,  and  530  votes  for  M. 
Sweat,  Free-Soiler;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  9,218  votes  against  5,333 
votes  for  N.  D.  Appleton,  Whig,  and  1,358  votes  for 
Fessenden,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  appointed  hy  President 
Buchanan  collector  of  customs  at  Portland,  serving 
1857-1861;  died  at  Saco,  Maine,  October  18,  1869. 

McDougaU,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Scotland 
in  1731;  immigrated  to  New  York  in  1755;  learned 
the  art  of  printing,  and  was  imprisoned  as  the  author 
and  printer  of  Revolutionary  documents ;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  army  as  colonel  of  the  First  New- 
York  Regiment ;  was  commissioned  brigadier-general 
August  9,  1776,  and  major-general  October  20,  1777 ; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1781  and  in  1784-1785;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  1783-1786 ;  died  at  New 
York  June  8,  1786. 

MacDougall,  Clinton  Dugald,  was  born  in 
Scotland  June  14,  1839;  came  to  America  with  his 
parents  in  1842;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law;  was  engaged  in  the  banking  business 
1856-1869;  raised  a  company  for  the  Seventy-fifth 
New- York  Volunteers  in  1861 ;  went  to  Florida  with 
his  regiment;  was  made  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
One  Hundred  and  Eleventh  New-York  Volunteers 
in  August,  1862,  and  colonel  in  January,  1863;  com 
manded  the  post  at  Centre ville,  Virginia,  to  June, 
1863;  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  which  he 
commanded  the  Third  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Sec 
ond  Corps,  at  Gettysburg,  and  afterward  the  Third 
Brigade,  First  Division,  Second  Corps,  until  the  close 
of  the  war;  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  in  1864; 
returned  home  at  the  close  of  the  war  to  pursue  his 
banking  business;  was  appointed  postmaster  of  the 
city  of  Auburn  in  March,  1869;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,486  votes  for  W.  T. 
Graves,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,433 
votes  against  11,857  votes  for  Wilson,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877; 
declined  the  position  of  treasurer  of  the  United 
States,  offered  him  in  June,  1876,  and  also  that  of 
commissioner  of  internal  revenue,  offered  him  in 
July,  1876;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant  mar 
shal  for  the  Western  Judicial  District  of  New  York 
in  1*77. 

McDougall,  James  A.,  was  born  at  Bethle 
hem,  Albany  County,  New  York,  November  19, 1817 ; 
was  educated  at  the  Albany  Grammar  School ;  was  a 
surveyor's  assistant  on  the  Albany  and  Schenectady 
Railroad;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Pike  County,  Illinois,  in  1837; 
was  attorney-general  of  Illinois  1842-1846;  organized 
and  accompanied  an  expedition  to  explore  the  Rio 
del  Norte,  the  Gila,  and  the  Colorado  Rivers;  re 
moved  to  California,  and  practised  at  San  Francisco; 
was  elected  attorney-general  of  California  in  1850; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  California  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  declined  a 
renomiuation  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  California  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1867;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  at  Chicago  in  1864;  died  at  Albany,  New 
York,  September  3,  1867. 

McDowell,  James,  was  born  in  Rockbridge 
County,  Virginia,  in  1796;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1817;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twen 
ty-ninth  Congress  (in  place  of  William  Taylor,  de 
ceased)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 


tieth  Congress,  receiving  2,995  votes  against  2,138 
votes  for  Gray,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  5,154  votes  without  oppo 
sition,  serving  from  March  6,  1846,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
died  near  Lexington,  Virginia,  August  24,  1851. 

McDowell,  James  Foster,  was  born  in  Mif- 
fliii  County,  Pennsylvania,  December  3,  1825;  went 
with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1835 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  worked  in  a  printing-office; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and 
commenced  practice ;  removed  to  Indiana,  and  estab 
lished  "The  Marion  Journal;"  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,142  votes  against 
12,219  votes  for  Shanks.  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  7, 1863,  to  March  3, 1865 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  13,383  votes  against  15,623  votes  for  Thomas 
F.  Stillwell,  Union. 

McDowell,  Joseph  (father  of  Joseph  J.  Mc 
Dowell),  was  born  at  Winchester,  Virginia;  and  his 
father  soon  afterwards  removed  to  Burke  County, 
North  Carolina;  was  active  in  the  Revolutionary 
movements,  commanding  a  portion  of  the  right  wing 
under  his  brother  Joseph  at  the  battle  of  King's 
Mountain  October  7,  1780;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  1782-1788; 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  of  1788  to  consider 
the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution,  which  he 
opposed ;  was  elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1793,  until  March  3,  1795;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799. 

McDowell,  Joseph  J.  (son  of  Joseph  McDow 
ell),  was  born  in  North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,376  votes  against  5,052 
votes  for  Thompson,  Whig,  and  341  votes  for  Keys, 
Abolitionist ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1847. 

McDuffie,  George,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  Georgia,  in  1788;  attended  public  schools; 
was  a  clerk  at  Augusta,  Georgia;  was  sent  by  Wil 
liam  Calhoun  to  Dr.  Waddell's  school  at  Wilmington, 
and  graduated  at  the  South-Carolina  College  in  1813; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Pendleton,  South  Carolina; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1818-1820;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twen 
tieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1821, 
to  1834,  when  he  resigned;  was  elected  governor 
of  South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  South  Carolina  (in  place  of  William  C. 
Preston,  resigned),  serving  from  January,  1843,  to 
January  17,  1846,  when  he  resigned ;  died  in  Sumter 
District,  North  Carolina,  March  11,  1851. 

McFadden,  Obadiah  B.,  was  born  in  Wash 
ington  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  the  year  1817;  is  by 
profession  a  lawyer;  was  elected  to  the  legislature  of 
Pennsylvania  in  the  year  1843;  was  elected  pro- 
thonotary  for  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Wash 
ington  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1845;  in  1853  he 
was  appointed  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  for  the  Territory  of  Oregon;  in  1854  he  was 
appointed  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  for 
Washington  Territory;  in  1858  he  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  for  Washington 
Territory,  and  discharged  the  duties  of  that  position 
until  the  fall  of  1861 ;  has  represented  his  district  in 
the  Legislative  Council ;  and  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Washington  Territory  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat  by  a  majority  of  708  over  S. 
Garfielde,  Republican,  serving  from  December  1, 1873, 
to  March  3,  1877 ;  died  at  Olympia,  Washington  Ter 
ritory,  June  25,  1875. 

McFarlan,  Duncan,  was  born  in  North  Caro- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


513 


lina :  received  a  public-school  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March 
3,  18J7;  was  fjr  three  years  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate;  died  September  7,  1816. 

McFarland,  William,  was  born  at  Dandridge, 
Tennessee,  September  15,  1821 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  studied  law  in  early  life,  but  aban 
doned  it;  was  a  clerk  in  a  store,  and  afterward  in  a 
tanning  and  mercantile  business  on  his  own  account 
until  the  commencement  of  the  war  in  1861;  after 
ths  war  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law,  in  which  he 
is  yet  engaged;  was  for  many  years  a  magistrate;  was 
chairman  of  the  County  Court;  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1870;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Conservative  and  Democrat,  receiving 
8,797  votes  against  6,984  votes  for  R.  R.  Butler, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  March 
3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  11,215  votes 
against  12,349  votes  for  James  Henry  Randolph, 
Republican. 

McGaughey,  Edward  W.,  was  born  in  Indi 
ana;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,183  votes  against 
6,012  votes  for  Wright,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  6,782  votes 
against  4,909  votes  for  Cookerly,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  5,814  votes  against  6,076  votes  for 
Davis,  Democrat;  died  at  Greencastle,  Indiana, 
August  18,  1852. 

McGowan,  J.  H.,  was  born  at  Smithtown,  Ohio, 
April  2,  1837 ;  in  1854  removed  with  his  parents  to 
Orland,  Indiana;  in  1857  he  entered  the  University 
of  Michigan,  and  graduated  in  June,  1831;  taught  in 
the  city  schools  of  Coldwater,  Michigan,  for  one  year, 
and  then  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Fifth  Michigan 
Cavalry  Volunteers;  was  afterward  promoted  to  a 
captaincy;  raised  a  company  for  the  Ninth  Michigan 
Cavalry,  and  went  into  active  service  with  that  regi 
ment  in  the  spring  of  1863;  by  reason  of  injuries 
received  in  a  cavalry  charge,  he  was  disabled,  and 
resigned  his  commission  in  February,  1834,  returning 
to  Coldwater,  where  he  studied  law  with  the  Hon.  C. 
D.  Randall,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867; 
from  1868  to  1872  he  was  prosecuting-attorney ; 
served  one  term  as  State  senator,  and  seven  years  as 
regent  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  resigning  to 
take  his  seat  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  to  which  he 
was  elected  as  a  Republican,  receiving  19,878  votes 
against  17,223  votes  for  Fidus  Livermore,  Democrat, 
serving  from  October  15.  1877. 

McGrew,  James  C.,  was  born  in  what  is  now 
Preston  County,  West  Virginia  (then  a  part  of  Mo- 
nongalia  County,  Virginia),  September  14,  1813; 
received  a  substantial,  practical  English  education; 
when  not  in  school,  worked  on  his  father's  farm;  at 
the  age  of  twenty,  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits, 
which  he  followed  steadily  and  with  fair  success  for 
thirty  years,  when  he  engaged  in  banking,  which  is 
his  present  business ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Virginia 
State  Convention  in  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the  legis 
lature  of  West  Virginia  in  1863,  1864,  and  1865;  has 
been  a  managing  director  of  the  West-Virginia  Hos 
pital  for  the  Insane  since  1863 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  West  Virginia  in  the  Forty-first  Congress 
as  a  Union  Republican,  receiving  9,149  votes  against 
6,518  votes  for  Brown,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  9,011  votes 
against  8,098  votes  for  O.  D.  Downey,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1873. 

M'Hatton,  Robert,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky,  and  located  at  Georgetown ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress  (in  place  of  James  Johnson, 


deceased)  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  1,479 
votes  against  1,107  votes  for  Sanford,  and  987  for 
Coleman;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
defeating  Sanford,  and  serving  from  December  7, 
1826,  to  March  3, 1829;  was  defeated  as  a  Democratic 
candidate  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  by  Ex-Senator 
Richard  M.  Johnson, Democrat;  died  at  GeorgetOAvn, 
Kentucky. 

McHenry,  Henry  D.,  was  born  at  Hartford, 
Kentucky,  February  27,  1826;  graduated  at  the  Tran 
sylvania  Law  School  in  1845;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  the  State  legislature  in 
1851-1852  and  1852-1853,  of  the  State  Senate  in  1861- 
18(52,  1862-1863,  1863-1864,  and  1884-1865,  and  again 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1865-1866 
and  1866-1867;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,214  votes  against  5,490  votes 
for  M.  J.  Roark,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

McHenry,  James,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1753;  served  in  the  Revolution  as  aide-de-camp  to 
General  Lafayette;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1783-1786;  was  a  member 
of  the  Federal  Constitutional  Convention  in  1787; 
was  secretary  of  war  January  27,  1796,  to  May  13, 
1800;  died  at  Baltimore  May  8,  1816. 

McHenry,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Hartford;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  685  majority,  serving  from  December 
1,  1845.  to  March  3,  1847. 

M'llvaine,  Abraham  Robinson,  was  born  at 
Crum  Creek,  Pennsylvania,  August  14,  1804;  re 
ceived  a  practical  English  education;  devoted  him 
self  to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  settled  on  a  farm  in 
the  northern  part  of  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1836  and  1837 ;  declined  a  nomination  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1838;  was  chosen  a  presidential  elector  in 
1840  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,391  votes 
against  4,106  votes  for  Allison,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849; 
died  in  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  August  14, 
1863. 

Mcllvaine,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Bristol,  Bucks 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1768;  received  an  academ 
ical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1791,  and  commenced  practice  at  Burlington, 
New  Jersey;  was  clerk  of  the  courts  in  Burlington 
County  1800-1823;  was  United-States  attorney  for 
the  district  of  New  Jersey  1801-1820;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey  as  a  Demo 
crat  (in  place  of  Samuel  L.  Southard,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  August  19,  1826, 
when  he  died  at  Burlington. 

Mclndoe,  "Walter  D.,  was  born  in  Scotland, 
March  30,  1819 ;  immigrated  to  the  United  States  in 
his  fifteenth  year;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
at  New  York,  Charleston,  and  St.  Louis;  located 
in  Wisconsin,  where  he  engaged  in  the  lumber  busi 
ness;  was  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1850,  1854,  and  1855 ;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  Fremont  ticket  in.  1855,  and  the 
Lincoln  ticket  in  1860;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (in 
place  of  Luther  Hanchett,  deceased)  as  a  Repub 
lican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  13,692  votes  against  6,879  votes  for  Henry 
Reed,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  from  January  26,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1867. 

Mclntire,  Rufus,  was  born  at  York,  Maine, 
December  19,  1774;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1809;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Parsonsfield,  Maine ;  served  in  the  war  of 


514 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1812  as  captain  of  Maine  volunteers ;  resumed  prac 
tice  at  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  county-attorney;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  boundary  commission  in  18:26;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Albion  K.  Parris,  resigned)  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  359  majority  over  John 


State  House  of  Representatives  in  1836;  was  State 
land -agent  in  1833-1840;  was  United-States  marshal 
for  the  district  of  Maine;  was  surveyor  of  (lie  port 
of  Portland;  died  at  Parsonsfield,  Maine,  April  28, 
1S66. 

Mclntyre,  Archibald  Thompson,  of  Thom- 
asville,  was  barn  in  Twiggs  County,  Georjia,  Octo 
ber  27,  1822;  was  educated  at  the  Thomasville 
Academy;  studied  law  at  Monticello,  Florida,  and 
Macon,  Georgia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  of  Georgia  in  1849;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  Georgia  in  1863;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
(after  the  exclusion  of  the  votes  of  Bullock  and 
Wayne  Counties)  15,033  votes  against  9,602  votes  for 
V.  Hillyer,  Radical,  2,140  votes  for  A.  A.  Bradley, 
Radical,  and  13  votes  for  R.  W.  White,  Radical,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

"McJunkin,  Ebenezer,  was  bom  in  Butler 
County,  Pennsylvania,  March  28,  1819 ;  graduated  at 
Jefferson  College,  Washington  County,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1841 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
September,  1843;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Re 
publican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1863;  was  on  the 
Republican  electoral  ticket  in  Pennsylvania  in  1864; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  12,591  votes  against  8,891  votes  for  W.  Sirwell, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  17,431  votes  for  W.  J.  Kountz, 
Independent  Democrat,  and  3,325  votes  for  W.  F. 
Johnston,  Liberal,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
January  1,  1875,  when  he  resigned. 

McKay,  Jame.3  J.,  was  born  in  Bladen  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  in  1793;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  law,  and  enjoyed  an  extensive  practice; 
was  United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of  North 
Carolina  for  several  years;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1815-1819,  1822,  1820, 
and  1830;  was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress,  and  successively  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth  (defeat 
ing  Hawkins),  Twenty-sixth  (defeating  Hilliard), 
Twenty-seventh  (defeating  Leach),  Twenty-eighth 
(defeating  Meares),  Twenty-ninth  (defeating  Hoi- 
comb),  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (defeating" Hall), 
sen-ing  from  December  2,  1833,  until  March  3,  1849; 
was  voted  for  by  the  North-Carolina  delegation  as 
their  candidate  for  Vice-President  in  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  of  1848  at  Baltimore,  which 
nominated  Cass  and  Butler;  died  at  Goldsborough, 
North  Carolina,  suddenly,  of  bilious  colic,  September 
14,  1853. 

McKean,  James  Bedell,  was  born  at  Hoosick, 
New  York,  August  5,  1821 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1849,  and  commenced  practice  at  Saratoga  Springs; 
was  county-judge  for  Saratoga  County  1854-1858; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,428  votes  against  9,808  votes  for  Odell,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  14,924  votes  against  10,474  votes  for  Davis, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  Marcli 
3. 1863 ;  recruited  the  Sixty-seventh  Regiment  of  New- 
York  Infantry  while  he  was  a  representative  in  Con 
gress,  and  commanded  it  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac ; 
was  appointed  chief  justice  of  Utah  by  President 
Lincoln,  and  was  superseded  in  1875. 


McKean,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Huntington 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1829;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Penn 
sylvania,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1839;  died  in  McKean  County,  Pennsylvania,  June 
23,  1840. 

McKean,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Chester  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  March  11),  1734;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Castle,  Dela 
ware  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Delaware  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1762-1709;  was  a  delegate  to  the  General 
Congress  at  Now  York  in  1765;  was  elected  a  dele 
gate  from  Delaware  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1774,  and  was  annually  re-elected  until  1783,  being 
the  delegate  who  was  a  continuous  member;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  captain  of  volunteers ; 
removed  to  Pennsylvania;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention;  was  governor  of  Penn 
sylvania  1799-1803;  died  at  Philadelphia  June  24, 
1817. 

McKee,  George  C.,  was  born  at  Joliet,  Illinois, 
October  2,  1837 ;  was  educated  in  the  academic  de 
partment  of  Knox  College,  and  received  a  partial 
collegiate  education  at  Lombard  University;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  at  twenty-one  years  of  age;  was 
elected  city-attorney  of  Centralia,  Illinois,  and  prac 
tised  law  until  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion,  when 
he  enlisted  (in  April,  1861)  as  a  private  in  the  Elev 
enth  Illinois  Infantry,  three-months'  troops;  upon 
the  re-organization  for  three  years'  service,  he  was 
elected  captain  of  his  company;  he  served  through 
out  the  war  in  various  capacities  and  ranks,  and  was 
wounded  at  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  and  Vicksburg, 
commanding  a  picked  corps  during  the  siege  of  the 
last-named  place;  when  in  command  of  his  own 
regiment  and  other  detachments,  on  the  second  Ya- 
zoo  expedition,  he  defeated  the  rebel  assault  at  Yazoo 
City  March  5,  1864,  after  which  he  was  ordered,  as 
brigadier-general,  to  enroll  and  equip  four  regiments 
of  colored  militia;  at  the  close  of  the  war,  after 
having  been  continuously  in  Mississippi  since  1862,  he 
settled  at  Vicksburg,  where  he  assumed  the  practice 
of  his  profession,  and  also  engaged  in  planting  in 
Madison  County;  was  appointed  register  in  bank 
ruptcy  in  1867;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  Mississippi;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Mississippi  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  but 
the  State  was  refused  admission;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
25,082  votes  against  9,811  votes  for  Fisk,  Conserva 
tive;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  25,082  votes  against  9,811  votes  for  Fisk, 
Conservative  and  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  14,819  votes  against 
8,073  votes  for  W.  B.  Shelby,  Democrat,  serving  from 
February  23,  1870,  to  March  3,  1875. 

McKee,  John,  was  born  in  Rockbridge  County, 
Virginia;  received  an  academical  education;  went 
to  Alabama  as  agent  to  the  Choctaw  Indians;  lo 
cated  at  Tuscaloosa;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  176 
majority  over  Baylor;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
tieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1829;  died  at  Tuscaloosa,  Alabama. 

McKee,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Virginia;  removed 
to  Kentucky;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional 
Convention;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1817. 

McKee,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Kentucky,  November  5,  1833;  was  reared 
upon  his  father's  farm,  working  there  in  the  sum- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


515 


mers,  and  attending  public  schools  in  the  winters, 
until  he  was  nineteen  years  of  age;  graduated  at 
Miami  University,  Ohio,  in  1857;  graduated  at  the 
Cincinnati  Law  School  in  1858,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Mount  Sterling.  Kentucky;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  July,  1802,  "as  captain  of  the  Fourteenth 
Kentucky  Cavalry,  and  served  until  March  22,  1863, 
when  he  was  captured,  and  carried  to  Richmond, 
where  he  remained  in  Libby  Prison  until  April  30, 
18(54,  when  he  was  released,  and  honorably  mustered 
out  of  service;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  8.103  votes  against  0,241  votes  for  J. 
Smith  Hurtt,  Union  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1805,  to 
March  3,  1809;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant 
agent  for  paying  pensions  at  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
serving  from  1809  to  1871 ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  at  Louisville.  Kentucky. 

McKennan,  Thomas  M.  T.,  was  born  in  Penn 
sylvania  ;  received  an  academical  education ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Washington;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress 
as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress;  was  re-el  (feted  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress,  defeating  Thomas  Kingland,  Van  Buren  Dem 
ocrat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
defeating  Thomas  Kingland,  Van  Buren  Democrat, 
serving  from  December's,  1831,  to  March  3, 1839;  de 
clined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  secretary  of  the 
interior  from  August  15,  1850,  to  September  12,  1850; 
died  at  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  July  9,  1852. 

McKensieV James  A.,  was  born  in  Christian 
County,  Kentucky,  August  1,  1840;  was  educated  in 
the  common  schools  of  Christian  County,  and  at 
Centre  College,  Danville,  Kentucky;  read  law,  and 
received  license  to  practise;  is  by  occupation  a 
farmer;  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  legislature 
1807-1871;  was  Democratic  elector  for  the  State  at 
large  in  1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  17,557  votes  against  9,374  votes  for  James 
Z.  Moore,  Republican,  serving  from  October  15, 1877. 

McKenty,  Jacob  K.,  was  born  at  Douglasville, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1827;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1848;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Reading;  was  elected  district-attorney  for  Berks 
County  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (in  place 
of  John  Schwartz,  deceased),  serving  from  December 
3,  1800,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  died  at  Douglasville,  Penn 
sylvania,  January  3.  1800. 

McKenzie,  Lewis,  was  born  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  October  7,  1810;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  was  placed  in  a  counting-room  when  he  was 
thirteen  years  of  age,  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  and  the  shipping  business;  was  for  twenty 
years  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Alexandria; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1859-1801;  was  mayor  of  Alexandria  in  1801;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  third 
session  of  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Unionist, 
receiving  227  votes  against  215  vote's  for  Andrew 
Wylie,  71  votes  for  Charles  H.  Upton,  and  41  scat 
tering  votes,  and  was  admitted  to  his  seat  February 
1(5,  1803,  serving  until  March  3,  1803 ;  was  for  many 
years  president  of  the  Alexandria,  Loudon,  and 
Hampshire  Railroad,  and  of  the  First  National  Bank 
of  Alexandria;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Union  Conservative,  receiving  15,878 
votes  against  11.073  votes  for  Whittlesey,  Radical, 
serving  from  January  31,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  11,194  votes  against 
12,719  votes  for  Elliot  M.  Braxton,  Democrat;  was 
president  of  the  Washington  and  Ohio  Railroad ;  was 


appointed  by  President  Hayes  postmaster  at  Alexan 
dria  in  June,  1878. 

McKeon,  John,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education  at  Columbia  College; 
studied  law  with  John  L.  Mason;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  York;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1835-1837  and  1841-1843;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  the  Native 
American  candidate;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  21,748  votes  against 
20,802  votes  for  Robert  Smith,  Whig,  and  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843";  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  5,699  votes  against  5,904  votes 
for  Fish,  Whig;  was  prosecuting-attorney  at  New 
York  by  appointment,  and  then  by  election;  visited 
Europe  in  1851;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce 
in  1853  district-attorney  of  the  United  States  at  New 
York. 

McKibbin,  Joseph  C.,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  an  academical  education;  removed 
to  California;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Cali 
fornia  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  an  anti-Le- 
compton  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1859;  was  defeated  as  the  anti-Lecomp- 
ton  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  43,474  votes  against  50.998  votes  for 
Scott,  Democrat,  and  301  votes  for  Sibfey,  Repub 
lican. 

McKim,  Alexander,  was  born  at  Baltimore  in 
1748;  received  an  academical  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  defeating  Joshua  Barney,  Fed 
eralist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  2,  1815. 

McKim,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land;  received  a  public-school  education;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Samuel  Smith,  resigned)  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
receiving  2,655  votes  against  2,025  votes  for  William 
H.  Winder,  and  1,810  votes  for  John  Barney;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  2.651 
votes  against  2,634  votes  for  William  II.  Winder,  and 
1,812  votes  for  John  Barney,  serving  from  January 
8,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  defeated  as  a  candi 
date  for  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  3.448 
votes  against  3,505  votes  for  John  Barney;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving  371 
majority  over  William  Stewart,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  7,144  votes 
against  6,871  votes  for  Ridgely,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  April  1,  1838,  when  he  died  at 
Gadsby's  Hotel,  Washington  City. 

McKinley,  John,  was  born  in  Culpepper  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Louisville,  Kentucky; 
removed  to  Huntsville,  Alabama;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Alabama  (in  place  of 
Henry  Chambers,  deceased)  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  21,  1826,  to  March  3,  1831 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833.  to  March  3,  1835;  was  appointed  by  President 
Van  Buren  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  April  22, 
1837;  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  July  19,  1852. 

McKinley,  William,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
wras  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Eleventh  Congress  (in  place  of  John  G.  Jackson, 
resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  95  majority  over 
T.  Wilson,  Federalist,  serving  from  December  21, 
1810,  to  March  3,  1811. 

McKinley,  -William,  was  born  at  Niles,  Ohio, 


516 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


February  26, 1844;  enlisted  in  the  United-States  army 
in  May,  1801,  as  a  private  soldier  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  was  mustered 
out  as  captain  of  the  same  regiment  and  brevet 
major;  was  prosecuting-attorney  of  Stark  County, 
Ohio,  1869-1871;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  16,489  votes  against  13,185  votes  for 
L.  L.  Sanborn,  Democrat,  and  2,441  votes  for  John 
R.  Powell,  Greenback  candidate,  serving  from  Oc 
tober  15,  1877, 

McKinney,  John  F.,  was  born  near  Piqua, 
Ohio,  April  12,  1827;  was  raised  a  fanner;  received 
a  common-school  education ;  attended  an  academy  for 
four  years,  and  a  college  one  year;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  has  since  practised 
his  profession  at  Piqua;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  10,218  votes  against  9,435  votes  for 
West,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  7, 
181)3,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  9,578  votes  against  12,242  votes  for  William 
Lawrence,  Union;  never  was  a  candidate  for,  or  held, 
any  other  public  office ;  and  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  11, 966  votes  against 
11,741  votes  for  W.  B.  McClung,  Republican,  and 
117  votes  for  Calahan,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

McKissock,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Ulster 
County,  N^w  York,  in  1798;  received  an  academical 
education ;  wras  first  a  student  of  medicine,  and  then  of 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  New- 
burg;  was  appointed  a  puisne  justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  July  1,  1847;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  5,876  votes  against  4,667  votes  for 
Woodward,  Democrat,  and  1,874  votes  for  Curtis, 
Van  Buren  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
5,563  votes  against  5,810  votes  for  Murray,  Dem 
ocrat. 

McKnight,  Robert,  was  born  at  Pittsburg, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1820;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1839 ;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania;  was  a 
member  of  the  city  council  of  that  city  1847-1849; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
5,438  votes  against  502  votes  for  Birmingham,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,978  votes  against  2,979  votes  for 
Mitchell,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
to  March  3,  1863. 

McLane,  Lewis  (father  of  Robert  M.  McLane), 
was  born  at  Smyrna,  Delaware.  May  28,  1786:  entered 
the  United-States  navy  as  midshipman  in  1798,  and 
cruised  one  year  in  "The  Philadelphia,"  Commo 
dore  Decatur;  commenced  the  study  of  law  with 
James  A.  Bayard  in  1804;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
iu  18J7,  and  commenced  practice  at  Smyrna;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812  as  a  private,  and  marched  to  the 
relief  of  Baltimore  when  that  city  was  attacked  by 
the  British;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Dela- 
Avare  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
r^-elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
1,  1817,  to  March  3, 1827 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Delaware,  serving  from  December  3, 
1S27,  to  April  16,  1829,  when  he  resigned;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Jackson  minister  to  England, 
serving  April  18,  1829-July  6,  1831 ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Jackson  secretary  of  the  treasury, 
serving  August  8,  1831-May  29,  18:53;  was  trans 
ferred  by  General  Jackson  to  the  State  Department, 
where  he  remained  until  he  retired  from  political 
life  in  June,  18:34;  was  president  of  the  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  Railroad  Company  1837-1847;  was  appointed  by 


President  Polk  minister  to  England,  serving  June 
16,  1845-August  18,  1846 ;  retired  in  1847  to  his  estate 
in  Cecil  County,  Maryland;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  died  at 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  October  7,  1857. 

McLane,  Robert  Milligan  (son  of  Lewis 
McLane),  was  born  at  Smyrna,  Delaware,  June  23, 
1815 ;  received  a  classical  education  at  Washington 
College,  District  of  Columbia,  and  St.  Mary's  Col 
lege,  Baltimore;  wras  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy 
at  West  Point  1833-1837;  served  in  the  artillery  and 
topographical  engineers,  resigning  November  1,  1843; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Baltimore  in  1844;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1845-1847;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,649  votes 
against  7,108  votes  for  Kennedy,  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,277 
votes  against  6,326  votes  for  John  It.  Kenly,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in. 
1852;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  commis 
sioner  to  China,  serving  October  18,  1853-December 
12,  1854  ;  resumed  practice  at  ^Baltimore  on  his 
return;  was  appointed  by  Presidem  Buchanan  min 
ister  to  Mexico,  serving  March  7,  1859-December 
22,  1860. 

McLean,  Alney,  was  born  in  Burke  County, 
North  Carolina,  Septembers,  1779;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  a  captain 
of  volunteer  riflemen,  and  distinguished  himself  at 
the  battle  of  New  Orleans;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  was  a 
circuit-judge  from  1821  until  his  death  of  bilious 
pneumonia. 

McLean,  Finis  E.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
sided  at  Elkton ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig 
without  opposition,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1851. 

McLean,  John,  was  born  in  Morris  County, 
New  Jersey,  March  11,  1785;  his  father  moved  with 
his  family  to  Morgantown,  Virginia,  in  1789,  thence 
to  Nicholasville,  Kentucky,  in  1790,  thence  to  May- 
slide,  Kentucky,  in  1793,  and  thence  to  the  vicinity  of 
Lebanon,  Ohio,  in  1797;  he  received  a  public-school 
education  while  at  these  different  places;  studied  law 
under  A.  St.  Clair  at  Cincinnati,  supporting  himself 
by  copying  in  the  office  of  the  county-clerk  for  three 
years;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Lebanon,  Ohio;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
as  a  War  Democrat  by  a  large  majority  over  all  his 
competitors ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  without  opposition,  serving  from  May  24, 
1813,  until  he  resigned  in  the  summer  of  1816;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Ohio  Supreme  Court  in  1817; 
was  appointed  by  President  Monroe  commissioner  of 
the  General  Land  Office  September  11,  1822;  was 
appointed  by  President  Monroe  postmaster-general 
December  9,  1823 ;  was  continued  in  office  by  Presi 
dent  J.  Q.  Adams;  was  asked  to  remain  by  President 
Jackson,  and,  on  his  declining,  was  successively 
tendered  the  War  and  the  Navy  Departments,  neither 
of  which  he  was  willing  to  accept;  was  appointed 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
March  7,  1829;  and  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  4, 
1861. 

McLean,  John,  received  an  academic  education: 
removed  to  Illinois  at  an  early  age;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Shaw- 
neetown ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives,  and  its  presiding  officer ;  was  elected  the 
first  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Fifteenth 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


517 


Congress,  serving  from  December  4, 1818,  until  March 
3,  1319;  was  a  member  of  the  United-States  Senate 
(in  place  of  Ninian  Edwards,  resigned)  from  Decem 
ber  20,  1824,  until  March  3,  1825 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate  for  six  years  unanimous 
ly,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  until  May  31, 
1830;  and  died  at  Shawneetowu,  Illinois,  after  a 
short  illness,  October  14,  1830. 

McLean,  Samuel,  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Montana  Territory  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  1,234  majority  over  Sanders, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  3,808  votes  against  2,422  votes  for 
Upson,  Republican,  serving  from  January  6,  1865,  to 
March  3,  1867. 

McLean,  "William  (brother  of  John  McLean), 
•was  born  in  Morris  County,  New  Jersey;  received  a 
public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio;  was  ap 
pointed  receiver  of  public  moneys  at  Piqua,  Ohio; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  179  majority  over 
Crane ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twen 
tieth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1829;  entered  into  business  at  Cincinnati 
under  the  firm  of  Reeves  &  McLean;  died  at  Cincin 
nati  October  12,  1839. 

McLean,  William  P.,  was  born  in  Hinds 
County,  Mississippi,  August  9,  1836;  removed  with 
his  parents  to  Texas  in  1839;  received  his  early  edu 
cation  mainly  in  Marshall,  Texas,  and  graduated  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  (Chapel  Hill)  in 
1857;  studied  law  there  with  Judge  Battle,  associate 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  North  Carolina;  was 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  Texas  in  1801,  and  re 
signed  his  seat  in  the  winter  of  that  year  to  enter  the 
Confederate  army,  in  which  he  served  until  the  close 
of  the  wrar;  was  again  a  member  of  the  legislature 
of  Texas  in  1869;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Texas  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  about  12,000  majority,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

McLene,  Jeremiah,  was  born  in  1767 ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Columbus, 
Ohio;  was  for  more  than  twenty-one  years  secre 
tary  of  state  of  Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  defeating  E.  B.  Olds;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  2,540  votes  against 
1,529  votes  for  White,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  he  died  at  Washington 
City  March  19,  1837,  of  influenza,  probably  con 
tracted  at  the  inauguration. 

McMahon,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Frederick 
County,  Maryland,  February  19,  1833;  was  educated 
at.  St.  Xavier's  College,  Cincinnati,  graduating  in 
1849;  began  the  study  of  law  in  January,  1851,  at 
Dayton,  with  Hon.  Clement  L.  Vallandigham;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  June,  1854,  and  has  practised 
at  Dayton  ever  since ;  was  a  delegate  at  large  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore  in 
1872,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
15,411  votes  against  14,312  votes  for  L.  B.  Gunckel, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  18,557  votes  against  18,46l"votes 
for  Howard,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875. 

McManus,  William,  was  born  in  Rensselaer 
County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1827;  died  at 
Troy,  New  York. 

McMillan,  Garrett,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,885  votes  against  2,318  votes 
for  O'Noall,  Republican;  he  died  before  the  meeting 
of  Congress,  and  the  House  voted  three  months'  pay 
to  his  widow. 

McMillan,  Samuel  J.  R.,  was  born  at  Browns 
ville,  Pennsylvania,  February  22,  1826;  received  a 


classical  education,  graduating  at  Duquesne  College, 
Pittsburg,  in  1846;  studied  law  with  Edwin  M.  Stan- 
ton;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Stillwater,  Minnesota,  in  1852 ;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  First  Judicial  Circuit  in  1857:  was  ap 
pointed  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  in 
1864  (to  fill  a  vacancy) ;  was  elected  and  re-elected,  and 
resigned  in  1874;  was  appointed  in  1874,  and  after 
ward  re-elected,  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
and  resigned  when  he  was  elected  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Minnesota  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed 
Alexander  Ramsey,  Republican),  and  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3.  1881. 

^McMillan,  William,  was  born  in  Virginia 
1760;  received  a  classical  education;  graduated  at 
William  and  Mary  College,  Virginia;  studied  law; 
removed  to  Fort  Washington  (now  Cincinnati)  in 
1787 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  elected  magistrate  in  1790,  and  soon  after 
wards  judge;  was-initiated  into  Freemasonry  in  Nova 
Cesarea  Lodge,  No.  10,  at  Cincinnati,  Apri'l  8,  1795; 
was  elected  to  the  Territorial  legislature  in  1799; 
was  elected  delegate  from  the  North-west  Territory  to 
the  Sixth  Congress  (in  the  place  of  William  Henry 
Harrison,  resigned),  and  served  from  November  24, 
1800,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  declined  a  re-election;  was 
appointed  United-States  district-attorney  for  Ohio, 
but  soon  afterwards  resigned  his  office  and  his  prac 
tice,  and  retired  to  his  farm  near  Cincinnati,  where 
he  received  a  fatal  injury  while  ploughing,  and  died 
in  June,  1804. 

McMullen,  Payette,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  an  academic  education ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,421  votes  against  2,155 
votes  for  George,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses,  receiving 
no  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  7,383  votes  against  3,982  votes  for 
Trigg,  American,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3, 1857;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan 
governor  of  Washington  Territory,  serving  1857-1861 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Second  Confed 
erate  Congress  from  Virginia,  serving  from  February 
22,  1864,  to  the  overthrow  of  the  Confederacy. 

McNair,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in 
1800;  resided  at  Norristown  ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,925  votes  against 
5,199  votes  for  Freedley,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,168  votes  against 
6,336  votes  for  Hittner,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 1855;  died  at  Evansport,  Vir 
ginia,  August  7,  1801. 

McNeely,  Thompson  W.,  was  born  at  Jack 
sonville  October  5,  1835;  graduated  at  the  Lombard 
University,  Galesburg,  in  1856;  studied  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1857 ;  graduated  at  the  Law  LTni- 
versity  of  Louisville,  Kentucky,  in  1859;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Illinois  in 
1862:  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
17,877  votes  against  15,279  votes  for  Ross,  Republi 
can;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  12,691  votes  against  10,297  votes  for  B.  F. 
Westlake,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 1869,  to 
March  3,  1873. 

McNeill,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  North  Carolina:  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1808  and  1809,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1811  and  1815;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 
March  3,  1823 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  receiving  345  majority  over  John  Cul- 
pepper,  serving  from  December  5,  18'25,  to  March  3, 
1827. 

McNulta,  John,  was  born  at  New-York  City 
November  9,  1837;  received  an  academical  educa- 


518 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tion;  visited  the  West-India  islands  and  Europe; 
removed  to  Attica,  Indiana,  in  1853,  and  learned  the 
trade  of  cigar-making;  removed  to  Bloomington, 
Illinois,  in  1859,  and  entered  into  the  cigar-making 
business,  devoting  his  leisure  to  the  study  of  law; 
entered  the  Union  army  as  private  in  the  Ninety- 
fourth  Illinois  Infantry  in  April,  1801,  and  was  suc 
cessively  promoted  until  he  became  its  colonel, 
receiving  the  brevet  of  brigadier-general  when 
mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  October,  1865,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Bloomington;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  18(59-1873;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  13,490  votes  against  10,850  votes  for  C.  H. 
Moore,  Democrat;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
9,903  votes  against  11  135  votes  for  A.  E.  Stevenson, 
Independent  Reformer. 

McPherson,  Edward,  was  born  at  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania,  July  31,  1830;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Pennsylvania  College  in 
1848;  edited  a  newspaper  at  Harrisburg,  but  ill  health 
forced  him  to  turn  his  attention  to  agricultural  pur 
suits;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,348  votes  against  9,081  votes  for  Reilly, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,945  votes  against  11,372  votes  for 
Schell,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  18G3;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
10,426  votes  against  10,963  votes  for  Coffroth,  Demo 
crat;  was  appointed  deputy-commissioner  of  internal 
revenue  in  1863;  was  elected  clerk  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  in  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth, 
Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1873; 
was  appointed  by  President  Hayes  chief  of  the  treas 
ury  bureau  of  engraving  and  printing.  He  pub 
lished  "The  Political  History  of  the  United  States 
of  America  during  the  Great  Rebellion  "  and  a  series 
of  "Political  Manuals,"  besides  numerous  essays, 
orations,  and  pamphlets. 

McQueen,  John,  was  born  in  Robinson  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1808;  received  a  good  education; 
studied  law  at  home  and  in  South  Carolina;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  and  practised  at  Beii- 
nettsville,  South  Carolina;  held  several  militia  com 
missions  during  the  nullification  excitement  of  1833- 
1837 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (in  place  of  Alexander 
D.  Sims,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  no  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  no  opposition;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,155  votes 
against  2,488  votes  for  Wilson ;  was  rc-clccted  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  no 
opposition,  serving  from  February  12,  1849,  to  De 
cember  21,  1860,  when  he  retired  from  the  House; 
was  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
First  Confederate  Congress,  serving  from  February 
22,  1862,  to  February  21,  1864;  died  at  Society  Hill, 
South  Carolina,  August  30,  1867. 

McRae,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Wayne  County, 
Mississippi;  received  an  academical  education ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice ;  was  elected  for  several  successive  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and 
of  the  State  Senate ;  was  appointed  a  United-States 
senator  from  Mississippi  (in  place  of  Jefferson  Davis, 
resigned)  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  19,  1851,  to  March  17,  1852,  when  his  suc 
cessor  took  his  seat;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (in 
place  of  John  A.  Quitman,  deceased)  as  a  State- 
rights  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 


Congress,  receiving  6,668  votes  against  no  opposition, 
serving  from  December  7,  1858,  to  January  12,  1861, 
when  he  retired  from  the  House ;  was  a  representa 
tive  from  Mississippi  in  the  First  Confederate  Con 
gress,  serving  from  February  22,  1862,  to  February 
21.1864;  died  at  Balize,  British  Honduras,  May  30, 
1868. 

McRoberts,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Illinois ;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Transyl 
vania  University;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Danville;  was 
United-States  attorney  for  the  Illinois  District ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Illinois  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  27,  1843;  he  contracted 
a  cold  in  crossing  the  mountains  en  his  return  from 
a  session  of  Congress,  and  died  at  Cincinnati  March 
27,  1843. 

McRuer,  Donald  C.,  was  born  in  Maine  in 
1826;  received  an  academical  education;  removed  to 
California;  was  harbor  commissioner  at  San  Fran 
cisco;  was  elected  a  representative  from  California 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  20,677  votes  against  14,821  votes  for  James  B. 
Crockett,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  4, 
1865.  to  March  3,  1867. 

McSherry,  James,  was  born  in  Adams  County, 
Pennsylvania;  was  for  twenty  successive  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving 
from  Decembers,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  at 
Littlestown,  Pennsylvania,  February  3,  1849. 

McVean,  Charles,  was  born  at  Johnstown, 
New  York,  in  1802 ;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Canajoharie,  New  York;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835; 
removed  to  the  city  of  New  York;  was  appointed 
surrogate  January  24,  1844;  was  United-States 
attorney  for  the  Southern  District  of  New  York; 
died  at  New  York  December  20,  1848. 

Mc^Willie,  William,  was  born  in  Kershaw 
District,  South  Carolina,  November  17,  1795;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812  as  adjutant  of  the  regiment  of 
volunteers  commanded  by  his  father;  graduated  at 
South-Carolina  College  in  1817;  studied  law  with 
Chapman  Levy;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Camden,  South  Carolina, 
continuing  until  October  1, 1836,  when  he  was  elected 
president  of  the  Bank  of  Camden ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1836-1840;  removed  to  Missis 
sippi  in  September,  1845;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,406  votes  against  6,829  votes 
for  Gray,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
7,241  votes  against  7,774  votes  for  Freeman,  Union; 
was  governor  of  the  State  of  Mississippi  1858-1860; 
was  an  active  supporter  of  the  Confederacy;  died  at 
Kirkwood,  Mississippi,  March  3,  1869. 

Mace,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Pickaway  County, 
Ohio,  September  5,  1811;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Lafayette,  Indiana;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1836;  was  clerk  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1837;  was  United-States  attorney  for  the  dis 
trict  of  Indiana  1849-1853;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,552  votes  against  7,294  votes  for 
Brier,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,740  votes  against  7,337  votes  for 
Gregory,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,357  votes 
against  7,838  votes  for  Davis,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 1857;  was  appointed 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


519 


by  President  Lincoln  postmaster  at  Lafayette,  Indi 
ana  ;  died  by  suicide  at  Lafayette,  Indiana,  July  26, 
ISM. 

Machen,  "Willis  B.,  was  born  in  Caldwell 
County,  Kentucky,  April  10,  1810 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  in  1849;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1854;  was  a  member  of  the  Stats  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1856  and  1860;  was  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  First  Congress  of  the  Con 
federate  States,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Second 
Congress,  serving  from  February  22,  1862,  to  April, 
1834;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from 
Kentucky  (in  place  of  Garrett  Davis,  deceased)  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1872,  to  March 
3,  1873. 

Macair,  James,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3, 
1799;  died  Juno  25,  1827. 

Mackey,  Edmund  W.  M.,  was  born  at 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  March  8, 1846;  received 
a  classical  education,  but  was  prevented  by  the  war 
from  entering  college;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  November  22,  1868;  was  appointed 
assistant  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  the  Second 
District  of  South  Carolina  September  8,  1865;  was 
elected  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention;  was  elected  sheriff  of  Charleston  County 
June  2  and  3,  1868,  for  the  term  of  four  years;  was 
elected  an  alderman  of  the  city  of  Charleston  in 
November,  1868,  and  re-elected  in  October,  1873; 
was  appointed  by  the  governor,  January  24,  1872, 
colonel  of  the  Fifteenth  Regiment  National  Guards 
of  South  Carolina;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Republican  Convention  at  Philadelphia  June,  1872 ; 
was  a  delegate  to  every  Republican  State  Convention 
held  in  South  Carolina  since  the  organization  of  the 
party  in  that  State ;  was  elected,  in  November,  1873, 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  editor  and  proprietor  of  "  The  Charleston  Re 
publican"  during  1871-1872;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  Independent  Republican,  receiving 
16,742  votes  against  14,204  votes  for  Charles  W. 
Buttz,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875, 
to  July  19,  187  J,  when  his  seat  was  declared  vacant 
'by  the  House. 

Mackay,  L.  A.,  was  born  in  White-Deer  Town 
ship,  Pennsylvania,  November  25,  1819;  when  ten 
years  of  age  he  removed  with  his  parents  to  Milton, 
Pennsylvania ;  received  an  academic  education  under 
Rev.  David  Kirkpatrick,  and  graduated  from  Union 
College,  Schenectady,  in  1837,  with  the  highest 
honors  of  a  class  of  one  hundred  and  eight,  of  which 
lie  was  the  youngest  member ;  studied  law  with  Ex- 
Governor  James  Pollock,  and  then  at  the  law-school 
of  Dickinson  College  at  Carlisle,  where  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1840;  commenced  practice  at 
Lock  Haven,  Pennsylvania,  in  1841,  and  continued 
it  with  success  until  1855,  when,  upon  the  organiza 
tion  of  the  Lock-Haven  Bank,  he  was  elected  its  first 
president ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Whig  National  Con 
vention  at  Baltimore  which  nominated  General 
Scott  in  1852;  was  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
Congress  in  1868,  but  was  defeated  by  W.  II.  Arm 
strong  ;  was  the  first  mayor  of  Lock  Haven  on  its 
organization  as  a  city  in  1870;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore  in 
1872 ;  was  president  of  the  Bald-Eagle-Valley  Railroad 
Company,  and  of  several  other  corporations;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,140 
votes  against  8,667  votes  for  Cyrus  J.  Alexander, 
Independent  Democrat  and  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  16,229 
votes  against  11,193  v:>tes  for  J.  S.  Lincoln,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Maclanahan,  James  X.,  was  born  at  Antrim, 


Pennsylvania,  in  1809;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dickinson  College  in  1826 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Chambersburg;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  8,182  votes  against  8,015  votes  for  J.  E. 
Brady,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  7,276  votes  against  6,705  votes 
for  Bard,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1853;  died  at  Chambersburg  in  1864. 

Maclay,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795, 
to  March  3, 1797;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Pennsylvania,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to 
1808,  when  he  resigned. 

Maclay,  William,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Pennsyl 
vania  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 1789,  to 
March  3,  1791 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jef 
ferson  ticket ;  died  in  April,  1804. 

Maclay,  William,  was  born  August  4,  1766; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice ;  was  associate  judge;  was  county- 
commissioner;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819;  died  January  4, 
1825. 

Maclay,  William  Brown,  was  born  at  New 
York  in  1815;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  the  University  of  New  York,  where  he  was 
afterwards  professor  of  Latin;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
York;  was  associate  editor  of  "  The  New-York  Quar 
terly  Review  "  in  1836;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1838,  but 
was  elected  in  1839, 1841,  and  18-12;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,549  votes  against 
4,777  votes  for  Williams,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  6,783  votes  against 
6,428  votes  for  Lawrence,  American ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  4,749  votes 
against  4,057  votes  for  Williams,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849 ;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,803  votes 
against  3,274  votes  for  Andrews,  Republican,  and 
3,793  votes  for  Northrup,  American;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,783  votes 
against  4,982  votes  for  Hamilton,  Republican,  and 
821  votes  for  Dean,  American,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Maclay,  William  P.,  was  born  in  Northumber 
land  County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Thomas  Burnside,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  3,  1816,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Macon,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  Warren  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  in  1757 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  and  was  at  Princeton  College,  but  left  before 
graduating,  when  the  exercises  were  suspended  at 
the  commencement  of  the  Revolutionary  war;  was 
tendered  a  lieutenant's  commission  in  a  company 
ommanded  by  his  brother,  but  declined  it,  and 
served  as  a  private ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  of  North  Carolina  in  1780,  1781,  1782,  1784,  and 
1785;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  successively  re- 
elected  eleven  times,  generally  without  opposition, 
ending  with  the  Thirteenth  Congress;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  in  1815,  and  re-elected  until  he 
declined  in  1828,  serving  froiu  October  24, 1791,  until 
March  3,  1815,  —  thirty-seven  years'  continuous  ser 
vice  ;  was  speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives 


520 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


from  1801  until  1806,  and  president  pro  tempore  of 
the  Senate  in  1825,  1820,  and  1827;  received  the 
twenty-four  electoral  votes  of  Virginia  for  Vice-Pres 
ident  in  1824;  was  president  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  North  Carolina  in  1835;  was  chosen  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1837;  was,  through  his  political  career  of 
iifty-seven  years,  a  "  strict,  severe,  and  stringent" 
Democrat;  and  died  suddenly  at  his  farm  in  Warren 
County,  North  Carolina.  June  29,  1837. 

Macy,  John  B.,  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  removed  to  Wisconsin,  and  resided  at  Fond  du 
Lac;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
14,597  votes  against  9,513  votes  for  Shafter,  Whig, 
and  2,168  votes  for  McKee,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,596  votes  against  13,359  votes  for 
Charles  Billinghurst,  Republican;  was  lost  by  the 
burning  of  the  steamer  "  Niagara  "  on  Lake  Michigan 
September  24,  1856. 

Madison,  James,  was  born  at  Port  Conway,  on 
the  Rappahaimock  River,  in  Virginia,  March  16, 1751 ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1771 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  House  of 
Representatives  in  1776 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Ex 
ecutive  Council  of  Virginia  in  1778;  was  a  delegate 
from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1783 
and  1786-1788;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Convention 
which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1787;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  First 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Second, 
Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  March 
4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  secretary  of  state  of 
the  United-States  1801-1809;  was  President  of  the 
United-States  March  4,  1809-March  3,  1817;  retired 
to  his  farm  at  Montpelier,  Virginia,  where  he  died 
June  28,  1836.  His  works  have  been  published  by 
Congress  in  six  volumes.  His  "  Reports  of  the  De 
bates  in  the  Convention  of  1787"  was  published 
under  the  editorial  direction  of  H.  D.  Gilpin.  A 
"  Life  of  Madison  "  by  John  Quincy  Adams  was  pub 
lished  hi  1850,  and  a  "Life  and  Times  of  Madison" 
was  published  by  William  C.  Rives  in  1859-1868. 

Magee,  John,  was  born  in  New  York ;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  resided  at  Bath;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Watkins,  New  York, 
April  5,  1868. 

Magee,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Landisburg, 
Pennsylvania,  October  14,  1827;  learned  the  art  of 
printing;  worked  in  the  city  of  Washington  as  a 
journeyman  in  1853;  was  for  twenty  years  the  editor 
and  proprietor  of  "The  Perry-County  Democrat;" 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1863,  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  at  New  York  in  1868,  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,358  votes  against 
13,532  votes  for  W.  A.  Sponsler,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Maginnis,  Martin,  was  born  in  Wayne  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  October  27,  1840;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  Minnesota  at  an  early  age;  received  an 
academic  education,  and  was  a  student  of  Hamline 
University,  but  left  to  take  charge  of  a  Democratic 
newspaper;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  First  Minne 
sota  Volunteer  Infantry  on  the  18th  of  April,  1861 ; 
was  made  second  lieutenant  after  the  first  battle 
of  Bull  Run,  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  in  Septem 
ber,  1862,  and  to  captain  in  July,  1803;  served  in 
the  line  of  his  regiment  in  all  the  campaigns  and 
nearly  all  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
until  September,  1864,  when  he  was  appointed  major 
of  the  Eleventh  Minnesota  Volunteers,  and  ordered  to 
join  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  where  he  served, 


under  command  of  General  Thomas,  until  mustered 
out  with  his  regiment  in  July,  1865 ;  he  removed  to 
Montana  the  next  year;  engaged  in  mining,  and 
subsequently  in  publishing  and  editing  "The  Helena 
Daily  Gazette,"  in  which  he  was  occupied  when 
elected  a  delegate  from  Montana  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving'4,515  votes  against 
4,196  votes  for  W.  H.  Clagett,  republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  4,584 
votes  against  3,925  votes  for  Hodges,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  3,827  votes  against  2,980  votes  for  E.  D. 
Leavitt,  Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Magoon,  Henry  S.,  was  born  at  Monticello, 
Wisconsin,  January  31,  1832;  was  educated  at  the 
Rock-river  Seminary  at  Mount  Morris,  Illinois,  and 
at  the  Western  Military  College  at  Drennon,  Ken 
tucky,  graduating  from  the  last-named  institution 
with  the  highest  honors  cf  his  class  June  23,  1853; 
attended  the  Montrose  Law  School  at  Frankfort, 
Kentucky;  was  appointed  in  1855  professor  of  ancient 
languages  in  the  Nashville  University,  Tennessee, 
where  lie  remained  until  1857,  when,  resigning,  he 
returned  to  Wisconsin,  and  began  the  practice  of  law; 
was  elected  district-attorney  in  1858;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1871  and  1872; 
he  was  the  first  native  of  Wisconsin  elected  either  to 
the  State  Senate  or  to  Congress ;  and  he  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,535  votes 
against  10,343  votes  for  Charles  F.  Thompson,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Magruder,  Allan  B.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law  at 
Lexington ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ; 
removed  to  Louisiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Louisiana  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  November  18,  1812,  to  March  3,  1813 ;  died 
at  Opelousas,  Louisiana,  April  16,  1822.  He  pub 
lished  "Reflections  on  the  Cession  of  Louisiana" 
and  "A  Character  of  Mr.  Jefferson;"  and,  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  he  had  collected  materials  for  a 
"  History  of  the  North-American  Indians." 

Magruder,  Patrick,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Maryland,  in  1768;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princton  College;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1807 ;  was  clerk  of  the  United-States  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  ex-officio  librarian  of  Congress,  1807- 
1815;  died  at  Petersburg,  Virginia,  December  24, 1819. 

Maish,  Levi,  was  born  in  Conewago  Town 
ship,  Pennsylvania,  November  22, 1837;  was  educated 
at  common  schools,  and  subsequently  at  the  York- 
county  Academy,  working  on  a  farm  when  not  at  his 
studies;  was  apprenticed  in  1854  to  a  machinist,  and 
remained  with  him  two  years ;  recruited  a  company 
for  the  Union  army  in  1862,  and  with  it  joined  the 
One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  Pennsylvania  Infantry, 
of  which  he  was  soon  promoted  to  be  lieutenant- 
colonel  ;  he  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Antietam : 
was  promoted  colonel  after  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg,  and  was  again  wounded  while  leading  his  regi 
ment  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville;  after  having 
been  mustered  out  with  his  regiment  at  the  expira 
tion  of  its  term  of  service,  he  attended  lectures  in 
the  law-department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylva 
nia,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1867  and  1868;  was  appointed  by  the  legislature  in 
1872  one  of  the  commission  to  re-examine  and  re- 
audit  the  accounts  of  certain  public  officers  of  York 
County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  14,534  votes  against  7.252  votes  for  Hiram  S. 
McNair,  Republican,  and  2,988  votes  for  W.  McCon- 
key,  Independent  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


521 


the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,932  votes  against 
13,898  votes  for  C.  H.  Bressler,  Kepublican,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875. 

Malboae,  Francis,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in 
the  Third  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1793,  to  March  3,  1797 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Rhode  Island  as  a  Federalist,  serving 
from  May  22,  1899,  to  June  4,  1809,  when  he  died  at 
Washington  City. 

Mallary,  Rollin  C.,  was  born  at  New  Haven, 
Connecticut,  in  1784;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Middlebury  College  in  1805;  resided  at 
Poultney,  Vermont;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Vermont  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (having  success 
fully  contested  the  election  of  Orasmus  C.  Merrill); 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth  (re 
ceiving  3,132  majority),  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from  January  14, 
1820,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Baltimore,  Maryland, 
April  16,  1831. 

Mallory,  Francis,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Hamp 
ton  ;  was  elected  a  'representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
without  opposition,  serving  from  September  4,  1837, 
to  March  3,  1843 ;  was  appointed  navy  agent  at  Nor 
folk  November  1,  1850;  died  at  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
March  20,  I860. 

Mallory,  Meredith,  was  born  in  Connecticut ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ham- 
ruondsport,  New  York ;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  f  rom  New  York  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,438  votes 
against  5,182  votes  for  Thomas  A.  Johnson,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Mailory,  Robert,  was  born  in  Madison  County, 
Virginia,  November  15,  1815;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia 
in  1827 ;  removed  to  the  vicinity  of  La  Grange,  Ken 
tucky,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  0,41(5  votes  against  5,075  votes  for  Bell,  American ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,035  votes  against  2,802  votes  for  Bruce,  Seces 
sion  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  0,257  votes  against  2,477  votes  for  Wolfe, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March 
3,  1805 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Conservative  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  4,704  votes 
against  5,751  votes  for  Lovell  H.  Rousseau,  Union, 
and  173  votes  for  Munday,  Conservative ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  at  Phila 
delphia  in  1800 ;  was  a  vice-president  of  the  Centen 
nial  Exhibition  in  1875-1870. 

Mallory,  Rufus,  was  born  at  Coventry,  New 
York,  January  10,  1S31 ;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  removed  in  1855  to  Iowa,  and  in  1858  to 
Oregon;  studied  law;  was  admitted' to  the  bar  in 
1800,  and  practised  at  Salem;  was  district-attorney 
of  the  First  Judicial  District  in  1800,  and  of  the  Third 
Judicial  District  from  1802  until  1800;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  of  Oregon  in  1802 ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Oregon  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Union  Republican  by  a  majority  of 
600  over  Fay,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1807, 
to  March  3,  18(59. 

Mallory,  Stephen  R.,  was  born  at  Trinidad  in 
1810  on  the  vessel  of  his  father,  a  sea-captain  from 
Bridgeport,  Connecticut;  his  father  died  at  Key 
West  in  1821,  and  his  mother  opened  a  hotel  there; 
he  was  educated  in  Connecticut  and  New  York; 
studied  law  at  Key  West;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
there  in  1833,  and  practised ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jackson  inspector  of  customs  at  Key  West ;  was 
made  county  and  probate  judge  for  Monroe  County; 
was  appointed  by  President  Polk  collector  at  Key 


West  in  1845;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Florida  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  January  21,  1801,  when  he  retired  from 
the  Senate  on  the  secession  of  Florida;  was  appoint 
ed  by  President  Davis  secretary  of  the  navy  of  the 
Confederate  States ;  was  arrested  after  the  surrender 
at  Appomattox,  and  imprisoned  in  Fort  Lafayette  on 
a  charge  of  treason,  but  was  soon  released ;  resumed 
practice  at  Pensacola;  died  at  Pensacola  of  gout 
November  9,  1873. 

Mangum,  Willie  Person,  was  born  in  Orange 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1792;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1815;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice  at  Red  Moun 
tain  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1818;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  Superior 
Court;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  2,523  votes  against  1,729  votes  for  Barringer; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving 
50  majority  over  Crudup,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  18,  1820,  when  he  resigned;  was  again 
elected  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  North  Carolina  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  1830,  when 
he  resigned;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  the 
House  of  Representatives  July  0,  1837;  was  again 
elected  a  senator  (in  place  of  Bedford  Brown,  re 
signed),  serving  from  December  9,  1840,  to  March  3, 
1853;  he  retired  to  his  rural  home;  the  loss  of  his 
only  son,  who  was  mortally  wounded  in  the  Confed 
erate  ranks  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  caused  a 
mental  depression,  and  he  died  at  Red  Mountain, 
North  Carolina,  September  14,  1861. 

Mann,  Abijah,  jun.,  was  born  at  Fail-field,  Her- 
kimer  County,  New  York,  September  24,  1793;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  taught  school; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  justice  of  the 
peace,  and  postmaster;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1827-1830;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1837 ;  removed  to 
New- York  City;  died  at  Auburn,  New  York,  Septem 
ber  0,  1808. 

Mann,  Horace,  was  born  at  Franklin,  Massa 
chusetts,  May  4, 1790;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1819,  and  remain 
ing  there  two  years  as  tutor  of  Greek  and  Latin; 
studied  law  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Dedham,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1820 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1828,  1829,  1830,  and  1831 ;  was 
a  commissioner  for  revising  the  Statutes  of  Massachu 
setts  in  1835 ;  removed  to  Boston  in  1836 ;  was  a  State 
senator  in  1830-1838,  and  president  of  the  Senate; 
was  secretary  of  the  Massachusetts  Board  of  Educa 
tion  1837-1848,  publishing  twelve  successive  annual 
reports,  which  gave  him  a  high  position  among  teach 
ers;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  (to  fill  the  vacancy  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  John  Quincy  Adams)  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  4,254  votes  against  1,839  votes  for 
Whittaker,  Democrat,  and  1,005  scattering  votes; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free- 
Soiler,  receiving  6,902  votes  against  4,374  votes  for 
S.  H.  Walley,  Whig,  2,302  votes  for  E.  K.  Whittaker, 
Democrat,  and  50  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Free-Soiler,  receiving 
0,079  of  the  13,310  votes  cast,  serving  from  April  13, 
1848,  until  March  3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Free- 
soil  candidate  for  governor  in  1852,  receiving  35,880 
votes  against  61,222  votes  for  Clifford,  Whig,  and 
3^,020  votes  for  Bishop,  Democrat;  was  elected  presi 
dent  of  Antioch  College,  Ohio,  in  1853,  and  occupied 
the  position  until  he  died  at  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio, 
August  2,  1859. 


522 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Mann,  James,  was  born  at  Gorham,  Maine,  in 
1822 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  treas 
urer  of  Cumberland  County;  was  an  officer  in  the 
Custom  House  at  Portland;  entered  the  Union  army 
as  captain  of  volunteer  infantry,  and  became  pay 
master;  was  stationed  at  New  Orleans;  was  appoint 
ed  by  President  Lincoln  treasury  agent  for  Louisiana; 
took  an  active  part  in  1867  in  re-organizing  the  Demo 
cratic  party  in  Louisiana;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Louisiana  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
from  July  18,  1808,  to  his  death  at  New  Orleans  Au 
gust  20,  18G8. 

Mann,  Job,  was  born  in  Bethel  Township,  Penn 
sylvania,  March  31,  1795;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  appointed  clerk  to  the  county  com 
missioners  in  1816 ;  was  register,  recorder,  and  clerk 
of  the  courts  of  Bedford  County  1818-1835;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,156  votes  against  5,105  votes  for 
Charles  Ogle,  Whig;  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839; 
was  State  treasurer  1842-1848;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  9,143  votes  against  6.330 
votes  for  Livergood,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Mann,  Joel  K.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1780 ; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Jen- 
kintown;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3, 
1835;  died  in  Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania, 
September  5,  1857. 

Mann,  "W.  D.,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican;  a  majority  of  the  Committee  on  Elections 
reported  that  he  was  entitled  to  a  seat,  but  such  was 
the  opposition  that  no  vote  was  taken  on  the  resolu 
tion,  although  on  the  last  day  of  the  session  he  was 
voted  §2,000  for  compensation,  mileage,  and  ex 
penses. 

Manning,  James,  was  born  at  Elizabethtown, 
New  Jersey,  October  22,  1738;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1762; 
studied  theology,  and  became  famous  as  a  Baptist 
preacher;  removed  to  Warren,  Rhode  Island,  in  1704, 
to  take  charge  of  the  college  established  there  by  the 
Baptists,  which  in  1770  was  removed  to  Providence, 
and  was  named  Brown  University  in  1804;  was  a 
delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1780;  resigned  the  presidency  of  Brown 
University  in  1791,  and  the  pastorate  of  the  First 
Baptist  Church  in  Providence  (which  he  had  held 
since  1770)  in  April,  1791;  died  at  Providence,  Rhode 
Island,  July  29,  1791.  The  "Life  of  James  Man 
ning"  was  published  by  R.  A.  Guild  in  1804. 

Manning,  John,  jun.,  was  born  at  Edenton, 
North  Carolina,  July  3,  1830;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1853,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pittsborough,  North 
Carolina;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1861;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  (in  place 
of  John  T.  Deweese,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  a  majority  of  323  votes  over  Holden,  Repub 
lican,  and  serving  from  December  7,  1870,  to  March 
3,  1871. 

Manning,  Richard  Irvine,  was  born  in  Sum- 
ter  District,  South  Carolina,  May  1,  1789;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  State  Col 
lege  at  Columbia  in  1811;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 
as  captain  of  a  volunteer  company  raised  for  the 
defence  of  Charleston;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1822;  was  governor  of 
South  Carolina  1824-1826;  was  defeated  as  the  Union 
candidate  for  Congress ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 


Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Car 
olina  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in.  place  of 
James  Blair,  deceased)  as  a  Union  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  8,  1834,  to  May  1,  1830,  when 
he  died  at  Philadelphia,  where  he  had  gone  for  medi 
cal  advice. 

Manning,  Van  H.,  was  born  in  Martin  County, 
North  Carolina,  July  26,  1839;  removed  to  Miss;s- 
sippi  in  1841;  received  a  classical  education  at  Horn- 
Lake  Male  Academy,  Do  Soto  County,  Mississippi, 
and  at  the  University  of  Nashville ;  removed  to  Ar 
kansas  in  1860;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  captain 
and  subsequently  as  colonel  of  the  Third  Arkansas 
Infantry  and  Second  Arkansas  Battalion  in  General 
Lee's  army;  was  captured  in  the  second  battle  of  the 
Wilderness,  and  remained  a  prisoner  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missis 
sippi  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  20,329  votes  against  12,598  votes  for  Thomas 
Walton,  Republican. 

Manson,  Mahlon  D.,  was  born  atPiqua,  Ohio, 
February  20,  1820;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion;  studied  the  profession  of  druggist,  and  settled 
at  Crawfordsville,  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1851-1852;  was 
captain  in  the  Fifth  Indiana  Volunteers  during  the 
Mexican  war;  enlisted  as  a  private  on  the  breaking 
out  of  the  Rebellion,  and  became  colonel  of  the 
Tenth  Indiana  Infantry,  which  he  commanded  at 
the  battle  of  Rich  Mountain  in  July,  1861;  com 
manded  the  Second  Brigade,  First  Division,  Army 
of  the  Ohio,  at  the  battle  of  Mill  Springs,  Kentucky, 
in  January,  1862 ;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  in  March,  1862,  and  was  engaged  in  skir 
mishes  in  front  of  Corinth,  Mississippi;  commanded 
the  United-States  forces  at  the  battle  of  Richmond, 
Kentucky,  August,  1862;  was  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner,  and  exchanged  in  December,  1862;  com 
manded  in  a  skirmish  with  Pegram  in  March,  1863, 
and  during  the  Morgan  raid  in  Indiana  and  Ohio  in 
July,  1863 ;  was  with  Burnside  in  East  Tennessee ;  was 
assigned,  in  September,  1863,  to  the  command  of  the 
Twenty-third  Army  Corps ;  was  in  the  siege  of  Knox- 
ville,  Tennessee,  and  various  battles  in  that  State; 
was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Resaca,  and 
was  forced  to  resign  by  reason  of  disabilities  result 
ing  from  wounds  contracted  in  the  service ;  was  can 
didate  for  lieutenant-governor  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1864,  and  for  secretary  of  state ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,539 
votes  against  15,146  votes  for  L.  Wallace,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  17,730  votes  against 
17,929  votes  for  Thomas  J.  Cason,  Republican. 

Marable,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Brunswick 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion  ;  removed  to  Tennessee,  and  settled  at  Yellow 
Creek ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  defeating  Reynolds; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  T\venty-first  Congress 
by  Cave  Johnson. 

Marchand,  Albert  G.,  was  born  at  Greens- 
burg,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  5,801  votes  against  3,786  votes  for  Joseph  Markle, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  2,208  majority,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Greensburg, 
Pennsylvania,  February  5,  1848. 

Marchand,  David,  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


523 


tlie  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Marchant,  Henry,  was  born  at  Martha's  Vine 
yard,  Massachusetts,  April  9,  1741;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Philadelphia  Cohegc 
in  1702;  studied  law  under  Judge  Trowbridge  at 
Cambridge ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island;  was  attorney- 
general  of  Rhode  Island  1770-1777;  took  an  active 
part  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements;  was  a  delegate 
from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental  Congress,  serv 
ing  1777-1780  and  1783-1784;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Convention  to  adopt  the  Federal  Constitution; 
was  judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  the  dis 
trict  of  Rhode  Island  1790-1790;  died  at  Newport, 
Rhode  Island,  August  30,  1796. 

Marcy,  Daniel,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire 
November  7,  1809;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  went  to  sea  before  the  mast  when  twelve  years 
of  age,  and  became  master  of  a  ship  when  he  was 
twenty;  was  a  member  of  the  New-Hampshire  House 
of  Representatives  1853-1854;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1856-1857;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  and  ship-building;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,059  votes  "against  11,979 
votes  for  Eastman,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  10,190  votes  against  12,900  votes  for  Gilman 
Marst'jn,  Republican;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  and  House  of  Representatives ;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1770  and 
1777. 

Marcy,  William  Learned,  was  born  at  Stur- 
brid0'e,  Massachusetts,  December  12,  1780;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Brown  Univer- 
.sity  iu  1808;  taught  school  at  Newport,  Rhode  Is 
land  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Troy,  New  York;  com 
manded  a  volunteer  company  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
distinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of  St.  Regis;  was 
recorder  of  Troy  in  1816;  edited  "The  Troy  Bud 
get;"  was  adjutant-general  of  New  York  in  1821; 
was  state  comptroller  in  1823;  was  associate  justice 
of  the  State  Supreme  Court  in  1829;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  York  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  July, 
1832,  when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  the  State  of 
New  York  1833-1839 ;  was  a  commissioner  on  Mexi 
can  claims  1830-1842;  was  secretary  of  war  under 
President  Polk  March  5,  1845-March  3,  1849;  was 
secretary  of  state  under  President  Pierce  March  7, 
18 j.3-March  4, 1857 ;  died  at  Ballston  Spa,  New  York, 
July  4,  1857. 

Mardis,  Samuel  W.,  was  born  in  Alabama  in 
1801 ;  received  an  academical  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  889  majority  over 
J.  W.  Garth,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  defeating  Baylor,  Nulliiier,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  at 
Taliadega,  Alabama,  December  2,  1836. 

Mr.rion,  Robert,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  an  academical  education;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Ninth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  De 
cember  4,  1811,  when  he  resigned. 

Markell,  Henry,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  New  York ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  Vv-as  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  an  Adams  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  died  at 
Palatine,  New  York. 

Markell,  Jacob,  was  born  in  Schenectady  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  May  8,  1770;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  located  at  Manheim,  New  York,  and 
devoted  his  life  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was  for 


twenty  years  a  supervisor,  and  for  many  years  a 
county-judge;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1820;  died  at  Manheim,  New  York,  November  26, 
1852. 

Markley,  Philip  S.,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  resided  at  Norristown ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March 
3,  1827 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Twentieth  Congress  by  John  B.  Sterigere; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  naval  officer  for 
the  port  of  Philadelphia. 

Marks,  William,  was  born  in  1780,  and  taken 
when  a  child  to  Beaver,  Pennsylvania,  by  his  father, 
who  was  a  pioneer;  received  scanty  education;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1810-1819,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1820-18^7,  serving 
the  last  six  years  as  presiding  officer;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  as  a  Democrat,  and  served 
from  December  3,  1827,  until  March  3,  1833;  was  a 
warm  personal  friend  of  Colonel  Benton  (they  were 
about  the  same  age,  died  on  the  same  day,  and  with 
in  a  few  hours  of  each  other) ;  he  died  at  Beaver, 
Pennsylvania,  April  10,  1858. 

Marquette,  Turner  M.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Platts- 
niouth,  Nebraska,  in  1856;  was  elected  for  several 
successive  years  a  member  of  the  Territorial  House 
of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Nebraska  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  4,280  votes  against  4,072  votes  for 
J.  M.  Brooke,  Democrat,  and  took  his  seat  after  the 
admission  of  the  State,  serving  from  March  2,  1867, 
to  March  3, 1867,  —  one  day. 

Marr,  Alan,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1807 ;  resided  at  Danville ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Marr,  George  W.  L.,  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ten 
nessee  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Marsh,  Benjamin  P.,  resided  at  Warsaw,  Illi 
nois;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,252  votes  against  13,496  votes  for  John  H.  Hun- 
gate,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Marsh,  Charles,  was  born  at  Lebanon,  Connect 
icut,  July  10,  1765,  but  removed  with  his  fathers 
family  to  Vermont  before  the  Revolution;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College 
in  1780 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Woodstock,  Vermont;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  17,719 
votes  against  1(5,969  votes  for  James  Fisk,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817; 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  American  Coloniza 
tion  Society;  died  at  Woodstock,  Vermont,  January 
11,  1849. 

Marsh,  George  Perkins,  was  born  at  Wood 
stock,  Vermont,  March  15,  1801;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1820 ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Burlington,  Vermont ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  and  Executive  Council  in  1835; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,254 
votes  against  4,595  votes  for  Smith,  Democrat,  718 
votes  for  French,  Abolitionist,  and  133  votes  scatter 
ing;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  910  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir- 


524 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ticth  Congress,  receiving  5,644  votes  against  3,207 
votes  for  Hubbeli,  Democrat,  and  1,614  Abolition 
and  scattering,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,372  votes  against  4,232  votes  for 
Peck,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  and  1,176  votes  for 
Keyes,  Cass  Democrat ;  resigned  in  1849,  having 
never  taken  his  seat ;  was  appointed  minister  resident 
to  Turkey  1842-1853,  and  the  last  year  was  charged 
with  a  special  mission  to  Greece;  was  fish  commis 
sioner  of  Vermont  in  1857;  was  railroad  commis 
sioner  of  Vermont  1857-1859;  was  appointed  in  1861 
minister  resident  to  Italy,  and  has  since  held  the 
position.  Has  published  "  The  Goths  in  New  Eng 
land,"  " Lectures  on  the  English  Language,"  "Man 
and  Nature,"  and  numerous  essays  and  magazine 
articles. 

Marshall,  Alexander  K.,  was  born  in  Ken 
tucky:  resided  at  Nicholasville ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  7,039  votes  against 
5,536  votes  for  Harrison,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  3,  1855.  to  March  3,  1857. 

Marshall,  Alfred,  resided  at  China,  Maine ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1827,  1S28,  1834,  and  1833 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as 
a  Van  Buren  Democrat,  receiving  2,100  majority 
over  Sanford  A.  Kingsbury,  Whig,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  collector  of  the  port 
of  Belfast  1846-1849. 

Marshall,  Edward  C.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
removed  to  California,  and  settled  at  Sonora;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  California  in  the  Thir 
ty-second  Congress,  receiving  23,624  votes  against 
20,407  votes  for  Kewen,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Marshall,  Humphrey,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1780;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
t:>  Kentucky;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention;  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Kentucky  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1801; 
died  at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  July  1,  1841.  He  pub 
lished  a  "History  of  Kentucky"  1812,  which  was 
enlarged  and  reprinted  in  1824. 

Marshall,  Humphrey,  was  born  at  Frankfort, 
Kentucky,  January  13,  1812;  received  a  military  edu 
cation  at  West  Point,  graduating  in  1828;  was  com 
missioned  as  lieutenant  in  the  Mounted  Rangers, 
and  subsequently  in  the  First  Dragoons,  but  resigned 
April  30,  1833;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Louisville,  Ken 
tucky;  was  an  active  officer  of  the  State  militia; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war;  was  a  colonel  of  the 
First  Kentucky  Cavalry,  distinguishing  himself  at 
Buena  Vista;  returned  home,  and  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  6,261  votes  against  6,197  votes  for  Lane, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,333  votes  against  6,216  votes  for 
Mcriwether,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  August  4,  1852,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  appointed  minister  to  China,  where  he  remained 
until  January  27,  1854;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  National  American, 
receiving  6,932  votes  against  4,378  votes  for  Preston, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,055  votes  against  4,979  votes  for 
Holt,  Democrat,  serving  from  "December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1859;  was  a  brigadier-general  in  the  Con 
federate  service;  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  1871. 

Marshall,  John  (uncle  of  John  Marshall),  was 
born  at  Germantown,  Virginia,  September  24,  1755 ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  lieutenant  and 
captain;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1781,  and  commenced  practice  at  Richmond;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Convention  which  ratified  the 


Federal  Constitution;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  minister  to  France 
June  5,  1797-April  3,  1798;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1799,  to  1800,  when  he  resigned ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Adams  secretary  of 
state  May  13,  1800;  was  appointed  chief  justice  of 
the  United  States  January  31,  1801,  and  served  until 
his  death  at  Philadelphia  July  6, 1835.  He  published 
"The  Life  of  Washington"  1805,  "History  of  the 
Colonies  Planted  by  the  English  in  North  America" 
1824.  His  legal  decisions  on  the  Virginia  and  North- 
Carolina  circuits  were  published  in  1837. 

Marshall,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  Gallatin 
County,  Illinois,  in  1824;  studied  and  practised  law; 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Illi 
nois  in  1847;  was  State's  attorney  in  1847  and  1848; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  from  1851  to  1854, 
and  again  from  1861  to  1864;  was  a  delegate  for  the 
State  at  large  to  the  Charleston  and  Baltimore  Con 
ventions  of  1860,  the  Chicago  Convention  of  1864, 
and  the  National  Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia 
in  1866;  received  the  vote  of  the  Democratic  party 
for  United-States  senator  in  Illinois  in  1861,  and  for 
speaker  of  the  Fortieth  Congress  in  1807 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,498  votes  against 
2,911  votes  for  Turriey,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,908  votes 
against  3,419  votes  for  Wiley,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  3, 1855,  to  March  3, 1859;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  16,703  votes 
against  10,696  votes  for  E.'Callahan,  Republican ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  16,668 
votes  against  14,378  votes  for  Kitchell,  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 
20,475  votes  against  16,642  votes  for  Martin,  Repub 
lican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  15,571  votes  against  14,444  votes  for  W.  H. 
Robinson,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  13,297  votes  against  11,282 
votes  for  G.  B.  Raum,  Republican;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,556  votes  against  8,293  votes  for 
W.  B.  Anderson,  Independent  Reformer,  and  5,482 
votes  for  G.  B.  Raum,  Republican. 

Marshall,  Thomas  Alexander  (son  of  Hum 
phrey  Marshall),  was  born  near  Versailles,  Kentucky, 
January  15,  1794;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1815;  studied  law:  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816;  commenced  practice  at 
Frankfort,  and  removed  in  1819  to  Paris,  Kentucky; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving  381 
majority,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3, 
1835;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  by  Richard  French,  Demo 
crat;  was  nominated  and  confirmed  as  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals  in  April,  1835,  and  held  the  posi 
tion  until  1856,  acting  a  part  of  the  time  as  chief  jus 
tice;  was  a  professor  in  the  Transylvania  Law  School 
1836-1849;  removed  to  Chicago  in  1856,  and  practised 
there  for  nearly  a  year,  when  he  returned  to  Ken 
tucky  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1863 ;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of 
Appeals  1866-1867;  resided  at  Versailles;  became  a 
drunkard,  dependent  upon  charity  for  his  food; 
and  died  suddenly  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  April  17, 
1871.  His  speeches  were  edited  and  published  by 
W.  L.  Barre  1858. 

Marshall,  Thomas  Francis  (nephew  of  John 
Marshall),  was  bom  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  June  7, 
1801;  received  a  classical  education,  completing  his 
studies  in  Virginia,  but  lost  his  health ;  commenced 
the  study  of  law,  when  twenty-five  years  of  age,  with 
John  J.  Crittenden ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Versailles ;  attended  the 
debates  of  the  Virginia  Convention  in  1829;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1832-1836;  re- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


525 


moved  to  Louisville  in  1833 ;  was  defeated  as  an  In 
dependent  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
by  W.  J.  Graves,  Whig,  by  over  2,000  majority ;  re 
turned  to  Versailles  in  1837;  was  elected  to  the  State 
legislature,  but  refused  a  seat,  as  being  ineligible  for 
want  of  a  year's  residence;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  in  1838  and  1839,  refusing  to  be  a 
candidate  in  1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig 
without  opposition;  declined  a  re-election,  but  ran  in 
1845  as  an  Independent  Whig,  and  was  defeated  by 
Garrett  Davis,  Whig,  by  710  votes ;  served  in  the  war 
against  Mexico  as  captain  in  Colonel  Humphrey  Mar 
shall's  regiment  of  Kentucky  volunteer  cavalry 
1846,  1847;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Ken 
tucky  Constitutional  Convention;  was  again  elected 
to  the  State  legislature  in  1854;  removed  to  Chicago 
in  1856 ;  and  died  near  Versailles,  Kentucky,  Septem 
ber  22,  1864. 

Marston,  Oilman,  was  born  at  Oxford,  New 
Hampshire,  August  20,  1811;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1837;  studied  law  at  the  Dane  Law  School;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Exeter;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1845-1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1850 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,839 
votes  against  12,082  votes  for  Marcy,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
13,055  votes  against  11,642  votes  for  Marcy,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1S03;  servecf  in  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the 
Second  New-Hampshire,  and  as  brigadier-general 
after  November  29,  1862,  distinguishing  himself  in 
numerous  engagements,  in  one  of  which  he  was 
severely  wounded ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,906  votes  against  10,190 
votes  for  Marcy,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  appointed  governor  of 
Idaho  in  1870,  but  declined;  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  13,881  votes  against  13,924  votes  for  Frank 
Jones,  Democrat. 

Martin,  Alexander,  was  born  in  New  Jersey 
in  1740;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1756 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  North  Caro 
lina  in  1772;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  Assembly; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  colonel  of  a  North- 
Carolina  regiment  of  the  line,  and  was  in  the  battles 
of  Brandy  wine  and  German  town ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State'Senate  1779-1782, 1785-1787,  and  1788;  was 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1782-1785  and  1789-1792; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  to  adopt  the  Federal 
Constitution;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  North  Carolina,  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
to  March  3,  1799;  died  at  Danbury,  North  Carolina, 
November,  1807. 

Martin,  Barclay,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  an  academical  education ;  removed  to  Ten 
nessee,  and  settled  at  Columbia;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1847. 

Martin,  Benjamin  F.,  was  born  in  Marion 
County,  Virginia.  October  2, 1828;  lived  and  worked 
upon  a  farm  until  he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age ; 
was  educated  at  Alleghany  College,  Meadville,  Penn 
sylvania,  where  he  graduated  in  June,  1854;  taught 
school  at  Fairmoiint,  Marion  County,  for  eighteen 
months ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  March,  1856,  removing  in  the 
following  November  to  Pruntytown,  where  he  has 
since  resided ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  West  Virginia  in  1872 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore 
in  1872,  and  voted  against  the  nomination  of  Mr. 
Grecley,  but  yielded  him  active  and  earnest  support 


in  the  campaign ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
West  Virginia  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  18,156  votes  against  14,283  votes  for 
Ward  H.  Lamon,  Republican,  serving  from  October 
15.  1877. 

Martin,  Charles  D.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  9,723  votes  against  9,446  votes  for 
Van  Voorhces,  Republican,  serving  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  3, 1801 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  11,275  votes  against  11,965  votes  for  V.  B. 
Horton,  Republican. 

Martin,  Elbert  S.,  was  bom  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  an  Independent  Democrat,  receiving 
6,382  votes  against  5,579  votes  for  Floyd,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Martin,  Frederick  S.,  was  born  in  Rutland 
County,  Vermont,  April  25,  1794;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  a  sailor  on  Lake  Champlain, 
and  afterwards  on  the  seas;  settled  at  Olean,  New 
York,  as  a  trader  and  hotel-keeper ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1850 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,210 
votes  against  6,549  votes  for  Waite,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Martin,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Scott  County, 
Virginia,  August  19,  1820 ;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  removed  to  Salem,  Illinois,  with  his  par 
ents,  in  1846;  served  as  a  non-commissioned  officer  in 
the  war  with  Mexico;  was  elected  clerk  of  the 
Marion-county  Court  in  1849,  and  held  the  position 
for  twelve  years ;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a 
member  of  the  Republican  State  Central  Committee 
for  a  number  of  years ;  entered  the  Union  army  as 
colonel  in  1862,  and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general ; 
was  elected  county-judge  of  Marion  County  at  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  appointed  pension-agent  in 
18G8,  but  resigned  the  same  on  being  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  12,266  votes  against  12,016 
votes  for  S.  L.  Bryant,  Democrat  and  Liberal,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Martin,  John  P.,  was  born  in  Lee  County,  Vir 
ginia,  October  11,  1811;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation  ;  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1828,  and  settled  at 
Prestonburg ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1841  and  1842 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,074  votes  against 
3,658  votes  for  Adams,  Whig,  and  3,240  votes  for 
McKee,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1847 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Kentucky  in  1857. 

Martin,  Joshua  L.,  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  North  Alabama;  was 
judge  of  the  Circuit  Court ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Septem 
ber  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  chancellor  of  Mid 
dle  Alabama;  was  governor  of  Alabama  1845-1847, 
during  which  time  the  seat  of  the  State  Government 
was  transferred  to  Montgomery ;  and  died  at  Tusca- 
loosa  November  2,  1856. 

Martin,  Luther,  was  born  at  New  Brunswick, 
New  Jersey,  in  1744;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1766;  taught 
school  for  several  years  at  Queenstown,  Maryland; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1771,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Accomack  and  adjacent  coun 
ties  of  Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the  Annapolis 
Convention;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1784-1785;  was  appointed  at 
torney-general  of  Maryland  February  11,  1778;  Avas  a 


626 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


defender  of  Judge  Chase  when  impeached  in  1804, 
and  of  Aaron  Burr  when  tried  for  treason  in  1807; 
was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Oyer  and 
Terminer  in  1814;  was  again  appointed  attorney- 
general  of  Maryland  in  1818;  died  at  Xew  York  July 
10,  1820.  He  published  a  "Defence  of  Captain  Crc- 
sup  from  the  Charge  of  Murder,  made  in  Jefferson's 
'Notes  on  Virginia,'"  and  several  political  pam 
phlets. 

Martin,  Morgan  L.,  was  horn  in  New  York; 
removed  to  Green  Bay,  Wisconsin  Territory;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Wisconsin  Territory  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
959  majority  over  Collins,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Martin,  Robert  N.,  was  born  in  Dorchester 
County,  Maryland;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  234  majority  over 
John  S.  Spence,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to 
March  3,  1827. 

Martin,  William  D.,  was  born  at  Martintown, 
South  Carolina,  October  20,  1789;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  attended  a  course 
of  lectures  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School ;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  November,  1811,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Edgefield  Court  House,  removing  in  1813 
to  Coosawhatchie ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1810,  1817,  and  1818;  was  clerk 
of  the  State  Senate  1818-1826;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  receiving  307 
majority  over  Andrew  R.  Govan;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  without  opposition,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831;  was 
elected  a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Law ;  removed 
to  Columbia;  and  died  suddenly  at  night  in  Jones's 
Hotel,  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  November  17, 
1333. 

Martindale,  Henry  C.,  was  born  in  Berkshire 
County,  Massachusetts,  May  6,  1780;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Williams  College  in 
1800;.  removed  to  New  York,  and  settled  at  Sandy 
Hill ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1831;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1835;  died  at  Sandy  Hill,  New  York,  April  22,  1860. 

Marvin,  Dudley,  was  born  at  Lyme,  Connect 
icut,  May  0,  1786;  received  an  academic  education 
at  the  Colchester  Seminary;  removed  to  Canandai- 
gua,  New  York,  where  he  studied  law  with  John 
Gregg;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807,  and  com 
menced  practice;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  an  Adams 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  and  again  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1, 1823,  to  March  3, 1829;  removed  to 
the  city  of  New  York  in  1835,  and  again  to  Eipley 
in  1845;  was  again  elected  a  representative  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December 
0, 1847,  to  March  3, 1849;  resumed  practice,  and  died 
at  Kipley  June  25,  185(5. 

Marvin,  James  M.,  was  born  at  Ballston,  New 
York,  February  27,  1809;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  was  reared  on  a  f arm ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1846 ;  was  a 
county-supervisor  for  three  terms;  became  the  pro 
prietor  of  a  large  hotel  at  Saratoga  Springs;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,096 
votes  against  12,582  votes  for  Blood,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
14,453  votes  against  13,572  votes  for  Alonzo  C.  Paige, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  15,496  voies  against  12,342  votes  forHorton, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March 
3,  1869. 


Marvin,  Richard  Pratt,  was  born  in  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  James 
town;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  cf  Repre 
sentatives  in  1836;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,053  votes  against  5,198  votes  for  Charles  H.  S. 
Williams,  Democrat,  serving  from  September  4, 1837, 
to  March  3,  1841;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  State 
Supreme  Court  for  eight  years  June  7,  1847 ;  was  re- 
elected  November  6,  1855 ;  and  was  again  re-elected 
November  3,  1863. 

Mason,  Armistead  Thomson,  was  born  in 
London  County,  Virginia,  in  1785;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  Col 
lege;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812  as  a  colonel  cf  Virginia  volunteers;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia  (in 
place  of  WTilliam  B.  Giles,  resigned),  serving  from 
January  22,  1810,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  defeated  as 
a  candidate  for  the  Fifteenth  Congress  by  Charles 
F.  Mercer,  and  contested  the  seat  without  success; 
challenged  his  brother-in-law,  John  M.  McCarty, 
and  they  fought  near  Washington  City  with  muskets; 
he  received  a  ball  through  his  breast  on  the  first  fire, 
and  died  February  6,  1819. 

Mason,  George,  was  born  at  Doeg's  Neck,  Fair 
fax  County, Virginia,  in  1726;  received  an  academical 
education;  took  a  leading  part  in  pre-Revolutionary 
measures;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1777;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Convention  which  ratified  the  Federal  Consti 
tution  in  1787;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Virginia,  but  declined,  and  devoted  the  rest  of 
his  life  to  study  and  to  hunting  and  fishing;  died  at 
Gunston  Hall  October  7,  1792. 

Mason,  James  B.,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island 
in  1774;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  med 
icine;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and  practised  at 
Charleston,  South  Carolina;  after  remaining  there 
three  years,  he  returned  to  Rhode  Island,  and  entered 
into  business  at  Providence  with  his  father-in-law, 
John  Brown ;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  and,  during  the  latter 
part  of  the  time,  its  speaker;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3, 
1819;  died  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  September 
6,  1819. 

Mason,  James  M.,  was  born  on  Analostan 
Island,  Virginia  (near  Washington),  November  3, 
1798;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1818;  studied  law 
at  William  and  Mary  College;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1820,  and  commenced  practice  at  Winchester; 
Avas  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1826-1832;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jackson 
ticket  in  1833;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1839;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Virginia  (in  place  of  Isaac  S.  Pennybacker,  deceased), 
serving  from  January  25, 1847,  to  March  3, 1801 ;  was 
a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Provisional  Congress 
of  the  Confederate  States;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Davis  commissioner  from  the  Confederate  States 
to  Great  Britain ;  was  captured  on  the  voyage  there, 
brought  to  Boston,  imprisoned  in  Fort  Warren,  and 
released;  when  he  returned  home  he  found  that  his 
residence  at  Winchester  had  been  burned,  and  he  lo 
cated  near  Alexandria,  where  he  died  April  28,  1871. 

Mason,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Lebanon,  Con 
necticut,  April  27,  1768;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yule  College  in  1788;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1791 ;  commenced  practice 
at  Westmoreland ;  removed  to  Walpole  in  1794,  and 
to  Portsmouth  in  1797;  was  appointed  attorney-gen 
eral  of  New  Hampshire  in  1802;  was  a  member  of 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


527 


the  State  House  of  Representatives  several  sessions ; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  Hamp 
shire  (in  place  of  Charles  Cutts,  appointed  pro  tern- 
pore),  serving  from  June  21,  1813,  to  1817,  when  he 
resigned ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  removed  to  Boston  in  1832,  and 
practised  there  until  he  became  seventy  years  of  age ; 
died  at  Boston  October  14,  1848. 

Mason,  John  C.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  resided 
at  Owensville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  0,882  votes  against  6,104  votes  for 
John  B.  Houston,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-second  Congress,  receiving  0,495  votes  against 
2,251  votes  for  Montgomery,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,148  votes 
against  7,534  votes  for  Cox,  American,  serving  from 
December  7, 1857,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  declined  being  a 
candidate  for  re-election. 

Mason,  John  Thomson,  was  born  at  Mont- 
pelier,  Maryland,  May  9,  1815;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1830 ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1838,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Hagerstown,  Maryland ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1838-1839;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  1851-1857,  when  he 
resigned ;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  col 
lector  of  customs  at  Baltimore,  serving  1857-1801; 
removed  to  Annapolis,  and  died  there  March  28, 
1873. 

Mason,  John  IT.,  was  born  at  Greensville,  Vir 
ginia,  April  18,  1799;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in 
1810;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Hicksford ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1819-1829;  was  a 
judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  the  Eastern  Dis 
trict  of  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1831.  to 
January  11,  1837,  when  he  resigned;  was  elected  by 
the  legislature  judge  of  the  General  Court  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  J.  F.  May) ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tions  of  1828  and  1849;  was  appointed  by  President 
Tyler  secretary  of  the  navy  March  14,  1844-March  3, 
1845;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  attorney-gen 
eral  March  5,  1845,  and  transferred  to  the  Navy  De 
partment,  serving  September  9,  1840-March  3,  1849; 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  minister  to  Eng 
land  January  22,  1854,  and  held  the  position  until  he 
died,  very  suddenly,  at  Paris,  October  3,  1859. 

Mason,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Boston  August 
30,  1752;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1774;  studied  law  under  John 
Adams;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1777,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Boston ;  was  one  of  the  witnesses 
of  the  Boston  massacre,  and  delivered  the  annual 
oration  thereon  March  5,  1780;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  was  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Council  in  1798;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Massachusetts  (in  place  of  Ben 
jamin  Goodhue,  resigned),  serving  from  December 
19,  1800,  to  March  3,  1803 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as 
a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  1, 1817,  to  May  15, 1820, 
when  he  resigned;  died  at  Boston  November  1;  1831. 

Mason,  Moses,  was  born  in  Oxford  County, 
Massachusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  in  1791;  was  a 
county  commissioner  1831-1834;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  637  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  a  member  of 


the  State  Executive  Council;  died  at  Bethel  June  25, 
1800. 

Mason,  Samson,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Mason,  Stevens  Thomson,  was  born  at 
Chapawansic,  Virginia,  in  1700;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  attaining  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1788;  Avas  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Virginia,  serving  from 
December  7,  1795,  to  March  3, 1803;  died  at  Philadel 
phia  May  10,  1803. 

Mason,  William,  was  horn  in  Connecticut;  re 
moved  to  Preston,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1821-1822;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Masters,  Josiah,  Avas  born  at  Woodbury,  Con 
necticut,  October  22,  1763;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1784;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Schaghticoke,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1792, 1800,  and 
1801 ;  was  associate  judge  of  Rensselaer  County  1801- 
1805;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2.  1805, 
to  March  3,  1809;  was  first  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  of  Rensselaer  County  from  1808  until 
his  death  at  Schaghticoke  June  30,  1832. 

Mathews,  James,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Coshocton ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  4,427  votes 
against  3,524  votes  for  Douglass,  Whig,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Mathews,  Vincent,  was  born  in  Orange  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  June  29,  1706 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1790,  and  commenced  practice  at  Elmira,  New  York ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1793,  and  a  State  senator  in  1790 ;  was  a  commis 
sioner  to  adjust  bounty-land  claims  in  1798;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  • 
Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  May 
22, 1809,  to  March  3, 1811 ;  was  State  district-attorney 
1812-1815;  removed  from  Elmira  to  Bath,  and  from 
Bath  to  Rochester,  continuing  his  practice ;  was  again 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
182(5 ;  died  at  Rochester,  New  York,  August  23,  1840. 

Mathewson,  Elisha,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island 
in  1707;  received  an  academical  education;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  serving  one  year  as  speaker;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island  as  a  Dem 
ocrat  (in  place  of  James  Fenner,  resigned),  serving 
from  November  20,  1807,  to  March  3,  1811 ;  died  at 
Scituate,  Rhode  Island,  October  14,  1853. 

Mathiot,  Joshua,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at 
Newark,  Ohio,  July  30,  1849. 

Matlack,  James,  was  born  in  Gloucester  Coun 
ty,  New  Jersey ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821, 
to  March  3,  1825 ;  died  at  Woodbury,  New  Jersey, 
January  15,  1840. 

Matlack,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Haddenfield, 
New  Jersey,  in  1730;  received  an  academical  educa- 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tion ;  took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  move 
ments  as  one  of  the  "Fighting  Quakers ; "  commanded 
a  battalion  of  Pennsylvania  volunteers  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  army,  which  did  good  service ;  was  a  delegate 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780- 
1781 :  was  for  many  years  master  of  the  rolls,  resid 
ing  at  Lancaster;  removed  to  Philadelphia,  where  he 
was  prothonotary  of  one  of  the  courts;  died  near 
Holmesburg,  Pennsylvania,  in  the  full  possession  of 
his  faculties,  April  15,  1829. 

Matson,  Aaron,  was  born  at  Plymouth,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  1770;  removed  to  Cheshire  County,  New 
Hampshire;  was  judge  of  probate;  was  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Council  1819-1821 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Seventeenth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con- 
cress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3, 
i~825:  died  at  Newport,  Vermont,  July  18,  1855. 

Matteson,  Orsamus  B.,  was  born  in  New 
York:  resided  at  Utica;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  0,094  votes  against  5,069  votes  for 
Mann,  Democrat,  and  3,214  votes  for  Williams, 
Cass  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,711  votes 
against  7,828  votes  for  Timothy  Jenkins,  Democrat; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,530  votes  against  6,600  votes  for  Moulton, 
Democrat,  and  1,542  votes  for  Spencer,  Whig ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
6,492  votes  against  5,172  votes  for  Johnson,  Demo 
crat,  and  4,759  votes  for  Huntington,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  February  27,  1857,  when 
he  resigned;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  10,618  votes  against  8,275  votes 
for  Johnson,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 

1857.  to  March  3,  1859. 

Matthews,  George,  was  born  in  Augusta 
County,  Virginia,  in  1739;  distinguished  himself  in 
the  Indian  and  tho  Revolutionary  wars ;  removed  in 
1785  to  Oglethorpe  County,  Georgia,  where  he  en 
gaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  was  governor  of 
Georgia  1780,  1793-1796;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from  June 
17,  1789,  to  March  3, 1791 ;  served  as  brigadier-general 
in  the  expedition  which  captured  West  Florida  in 
1811 ;  died  at  Augusta,  Georgia,  August  30,  1812. 

Matthews,  John,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  in  1744;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  was  an  associate  judge  of  the 
State  Supreme  Court  in  1776;  was  a  delegate  from 
South  Carolina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778- 
1782 ;  was  appointed  on  a  committee  of  Congress  to 
visit  the  mutinied  troops;  was  governor  of  South 
Carolina  1782-1783;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Equity  1784;  died  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  November  17,  1802. 

Matthews,  Stanley,  was  born  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  July  21,  1824;  received  an  academic  education 
at  Woodward  High  School,  and  graduated  at  Kenyon 
College  in  1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised  at  Cincinnati ;  was  elected  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Hamilton  County 
in  1851,  and  resigned  January  1,  1853;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  in  1853;  was  appointed  United- 
States  attorney  for  the  Southern  District  of  Ohio  in 

1858,  and  resigned  in  March,  1861 ;  was  commissioned 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Twenty-third  Ohio  Volun 
teer  Infantry  in  June,  1861,  and  colonel  of  the  Fifty- 
first  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry   in  November,  1861 ; 
was  elected  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Cincin 
nati  in  April,  1863,  and  resigned  in  July,  1864;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1864,  and  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket  in 
1868;  was  the  Republican  candidate  for  Congress  in 
October,  187(5,  in  the  Second  District  of  Ohio,  against 
H.   B.  Banning,  who  was  returned    elected   by  75 
votes;  and  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate 
as  a  Republican  March  20,  1877  (to  fill  the  vacancy 


occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  John  Sherman), 
serving  from  October  15,  1877.  His  term  of  service 
will  expire  March  3,  1879. 

Matthews,  William,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March 
3,  1799. 

Mattocks,  John,  was  born  at  Hartford,  Con 
necticut,  June  16,  1776;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Peacham,  Vermont;  served 
for  a  number  of  years  in  the  State  militia,  attaining 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general;  was  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Vermont  for  two  years;  was  a 
representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  until 
March  3,  1823 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,187 
votes  against  4,924  votes  for  Isaac  Fletcher,  Demo 
crat,  and  84  scattering,  and  serving  from  May  1, 
1841,  until  March  3,  1843;  declined  a  re-election  to 
Congress;  was  elected  governor  of  Vermont,  and 
served  1843-1844,  but  declined  a  re-election ;  died  at 
Peacham,  Vermont,  August  14,  1847. 

Mattoon,  Ebenezer,  was  born  at  Amherst, 
Massachusetts,  August  19,  1755 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1776; 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1797;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Samuel  Lyman,  resigned) ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from  February  2, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
major  of  volunteers ;  was  high  sheriff  of  Hampshire 
County;  was  State  adjutant-general;  died  at  Am 
herst,  Massachusetts,  September  11,  1843. 

Maurice,  James,  was  born  in  New  York;  re-, 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Mas- 
peth ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  7,801  votes  against  6,136  votes  for  King,  Whig, 
and  585  votes  for  Ralph,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Maury,  Abraham  P.,  received  an  academical 
education;  resided  at  Franklin,  Tennessee:  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  2,864  votes 
against  2162  votes  for  John  William  Crocket,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3, 
1839;  died  at  Franklin,  Tennessee,  July  22,  1848. 

Maxey,  Sam  Bell,  was  born  in  Monroe  County, 
Kentucky,  March  30,  1825;  received  his  primary 
education  there;  entered  the  West-Point  Military 
Academy  in  1842,  and  graduated  in  1846;  joined 
the  Seventh  Infantry,  United-States  army,  at 
Monterey,  Mexico,  as  brevet  second  lieutenant; 
was  brevetted  first  lieutenant  for  gallant  services 
at  Contreras  and  Churubusco;  served  through  the 
Mexican  war;  resigned  in  1849;  returned  to  Ken 
tucky;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1850;  removed  to  Texas  in  1857,  and  practised 
law;  was  elected  State  senator  for  four  years  in  1861, 
but  declined,  and  raised  the  Ninth  Texas  Infantry 
for  the  Confederate-States  army,  of  which  he  was 
colonel;  was  promoted  brigadier-general  in  1862,  and 
major-general  in  1864;  commanded  the  Indian-Ter 
ritory  military  district  1863-1865,  and  was  also  super 
intendent  of  Indian  affairs;  remained  in  the  service 
untiL  the  surrender  of  the  trans-Mississippi  Depart 
ment  May  26,  1865;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
was  commissioned  as  judge  of  the  Eighth  District 
of  Texas  April  18,  1873,  but  declined ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Texas  as  a  Democrat  (to 
succeed  James  W.  Flanagan,  Republican),  and  took 
his  seat  March  5,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will 
expire  March  3,  1881. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


529 


Maxwell,  Augustus  E.,  was  born  at  Elberton, 
Georgia,  September  21,  182U;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia 
in  1841;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Tallahassee,  Florida;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Eepresentatives  in 
1847;  was  secretary  of  state  of  Florida  in  1848;  was 
a  State  senator  in  1849;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Florida  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  4,627  votes  against  4,587  votes  for 
Cabel,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3, 1857;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  navy 
agent  at  Pensacola,  Florida,  serving  1857-1801 ;  was 
a  Confederate-States  senator  from  February  22,  1862, 
to  the  overthrow  of  the  Confederacy;  was  elected 
president  of  the  Pensacola  and  Montgomery  Rail 
road  1866. 

Maxwell,  George  C.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1792;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3, 
1813. 

Maxwell,  J.  P.  B.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1805;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1823;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Belvidere ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig  on  a 
general  ticket,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  although  the  governor 
gave  him  and  his  colleagues  certificates  of  election, 
bearing  the  "broad  seal  of  the  State,"  which  the 
House  refused  to  recognize ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Belvidere,  New 
Jersey,  November  14,  1845. 

Maxwell,  Lewis,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
sided  at  Weston ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  1,759  votes  against  1,646  votes  for  Joseph 
Lovell;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
receiving  1,578  votes  against  1,571  votes  for  Joseph 
Lovell,  and  799  votes  for  W.  Smith;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  Congress,  receiving  222  majority 
over  Daniel  Smith,  serving  from  December  3,  1827, 
to  March  2,  1833. 

Maxwell,  Thomas,  resided  at  Elmira;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

May,  Henry,  was  born  in  the  District  of  Colum 
bia;  received  an  academical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice; 
was  sent  by  President  Pierce  to  Mexico  to  investi 
gate  the  "  Gardiner  claim; "  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,792  votes  against  6,440  votes 
for  Walsh,  Independent,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  7,493  votes  against  7,988  votes  for  H.  Winter 
Davis,  Know-Nothing ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 8,424  votes  against 
G,214  votes  for  Davis.  Republican,  serving  from  July 
4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  died  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land,  September  25,  1863. 

May,  William  L.,  was  bom  in  Kentucky;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Illinois, 
and  settled  at  Springfield;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in 
place  of  Joseph  Duncan,  resigned)  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  600  majority  over  G.  W.  P.  Maxwell, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  1,500  majority  over  John  F.  Stuart, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1834,  to  March  3, 
1839. 


Mayall,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Maine:  received 
a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Gray ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1845,  1847,  and  1848;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  9,917  votes  against  7,932  votes  for 
Charles  J.  Gilman,  Whig,  803  "votes  for  Pease,  Free- 
Soiler,  and  220  votes  scattering,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Mayham,  Stephen  L.,  was  born  at  Blenheim, 
New  York,  October  8,  1825;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law  at  Ithaca,  New  York;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  has  since  continued 
to  practise;  was  superintendent  of  public  schools  at 
Schoharie  1852-1857,  and  supervisor  1857-1860;  was 
elected  district-attorney  of  his  county  in  1859,  and 
held  that  office  until  1863,  when  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  New- York  State  Assembly  from  Scho 
harie  County;  was  elected  in  1867  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  18,478  votes  against  15,734  votes 
for  Ramsay,  Republican,  sen-ing  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  20,498  votes  against  16,267  votes 
for  Thomas  H.  Tremper,  Republican,  serving  from 
October  15,  1877. 

Maynard,  Horace,  was  born  at  Westborough, 
Massachusetts,  August  30,  1814;  received  his  early 
education  at  the  high  school  taught  by  Rev.  Dr. 
Dana  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and  was  subse 
quently  at  the  Millbury  Academy;  graduated  in 
August,  1838,  at  Amherst  College,  Massachusetts; 
removed  to  Tennessee,  and  studied  law  at  Knoxville ; 
from  October,  1838,  until  March,  1844,  was  tutor  and 
afterward  professor  in  the  University  of  East  Ten 
nessee  ;  after  that  time  he  entered  upon  the  practice 
of  the  law;  from  1863  to  1865  he  was  attorney-general 
of  Tennessee ;  in  1852  and  in  1864  he  was  presidential 
elector;  in  January,  1865,  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  Tennessee,  and  he  has 
also  held  several  unimportant  and  local  offices;  he 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  o,565 
votes  against  5,360  votes  for  Wallace,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  6,476  votes  against  4,930  votes  for  Ramsay, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
3,  1863;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,156  votes  against  2,323  votes  for 
J.  A.  Cooper,  Democrat,  1,859  votes  for  Honk,  Inde 
pendent,  and  1,210  votes  for  Boyd,  Secession;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  11,994 
votes  against  3,040  votes  for  John  Williams,  Con 
servative;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  10,403  votes  against  2,681  votes  for  Honk, 
Independent;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  8,351  votes  against  7,869  votes 
for  A.  Blizard,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  by  the  State  at  large,  receiving 
80,825  votes  against  65,188  votes  for  B.  F.  Cheatham, 
Democrat,  and  37,900  votes  for  A.  Johnson,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  July  24,  1866,  to  March  3,  1875; 
was  appointed  by  President  Grant  minister  resident 
at  Constantinople. 

Maynard,  John,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Union 
College  in  1810;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  commenced  practice  at  Seneca  Falls,  and  re 
moved  to  Auburn ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1838-1840;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  6,749  votes  against  6,551  votes  for  John  De 
Mott,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1843 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Seventh-District 
Supreme  Court  June  7,  1847,  until  his  death  at 
Auburn,  New  York,  March  24,  1850. 

Mayrant,  William,  was  born  in  South  Caro- 


530 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


lina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (defeating  John 
Kershaw),  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  Oc 
tober  21,  1816,  when  he  resigned,  fault  having  been 
found  with  his  vote  on  the  compensation  bill ;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
by  Stephen  D.  Miller. 

Meacham,  James,  was  born  at  Rutland,  Ver 
mont,  in  1810;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Middlebury  College  in  1832;  studied  theology 
while  a  tutor  at  Middlebury  College;  was  ordained, 
and  settled  as  pastor  of  a  church  at  New  Haven, 
Vermont;  was  chosen  professor  of  elocution  and 
English  literature  at  Middlebury  College ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (in  place  of  George  P.  Marsh,  resigned)  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  6,645  votes  against  4,716  votes 
for  Peck,  Coalition,  and  835  votes  for  Harrington 
and  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  5,945  votes  against  2,960  votes 
for  Beardsley,  Democrat,  and  1,521  for  Harrington; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,138  votes  against  2,801  votes  for  Pierpont,  Free- 
Soiler,  and  2,704  votes  for  Tucker,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
8,626  votes  against  3,464  votes  for  S.  W.  Jewett, 
Democrat,  and  174  scattering,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1849,  to  August  22,  1856,  when  he  died. 

Mead,  Cowles,  was  born  in  Georgia;  studied 
and  practised  law ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1805,  to  December  25,  1805, 
when,  his  election  having  been  successfully  contested, 
his  successor  took  his  seat ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jefferson  secretary  of  Mississippi  Territory  in 
1806. 

Meade,  Edwin  Buthven,  was  born  at  Nor 
wich,  New  York,  July  0,  1836;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1858,  and  practised  at  New  York;  had  never  held 
any  public  office  of  importance,  when  he  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,199  votes  against 
9,024  votes  for  Edward  Hogan,  Independent  Demo 
crat  and  Republican,  and  serving  from  December  6, 
1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Meade,  Richard  K.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Petersburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  no 
opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  appointed  by 
President  Pierce  minister  to  Sardinia  May  24,  1853, 
but  declined ;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan 
minister  to  Brazil,  serving  July  27,  1857-July  9,  1861 ; 
returned  to  Virginia,  and  died  there  April  20,  1862. 

Mebane,  Alexander,  was  born  at  Hawfields, 
North  Carolina,  November  26,  1767;  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  North  Carolina 
in  1770;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of 
North  Carolina  1787-1792;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Third  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1793,  until  March  3,  1795 ; 
and  died  at  his  home  in  Orange  County,  North  Caro 
lina,  July  5,  1795. 

Medill,  William,  was  born  in  New-Castle 
County,  Delaware;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Lancaster,  Ohio ;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1S39,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  appointed  by 
President  Polk  first  assistant  postmaster-general, 
serving  a  few  months;  was  appointed  commissioner 
of  Indian  affairs,  serving  October  28,  ,1846-May  29, 


1850;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  Ohio  in  1850;  was  lieutenant-governor  of 
Ohio  in  1851  and  1852;  was  appointed  by  President 
Buchanan  first  comptroller  of  the  treasury,  serving 
March  26,  1857-April  10,  1861 ;  died  at  Lancaster, 
Pennsylvania,  September  2,  1805. 

Meech,  Ezra,  was  born  at  New  London,  Con 
necticut,  July  26,  1773;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  went  to  the  North- West,  and  engaged  in  the 
fur-trade;  contracted  with  the  British  Government 
for  the  supply  of  masts,  spars,  and  ship-timber  from 
Canada;  removed  to  Shelburne,  Vermont;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1805 
and  1807;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Conventions  of  1822  and  1826;  was 
chief  justice  of  Crittenden  County;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1827;  devoted  himself  to 
agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a  presidental  elector  on  the 
Harrison  ticket  in  1841 ;  died  at  Shelburne, Vermont, 
September  23,  1856. 

MeigS,  Henry,  was  born  at  New  Haven,  Con 
necticut,  October  28,  1782 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1798;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  New- York  City;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March 
3,  1821;  was  for  many  years  recording  secretary  of 
the  American  Institute  at  New  York,  and  a  manager 
of  its  annual  fairs;  died  at  New  York  May  20.  1861. 

Meigs,  Return  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Middle- 
town,  Connecticut;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1785 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Marietta,  Ohio;  participated  in  the  Indian  war  on 
the  frontier;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Ohio;  was  elected  a  United -States  senator 
from  Ohio  (in  place  of  John  Smith,  resigned)  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  January  6,  1809,  to  May  1, 
1810,  when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  Ohio  1810- 
1814;  was  appointed  postmaster-general  by  President 
Madison,  serving  March  17,  1814-June  26, 1823 ;  died 
at  Marietta,  Ohio,  March  29,  1825. 

Mellen,  Prentiss,  was  born  at  Sterling,  Massa 
chusetts,  October  11,  1764;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Cambridge  in  1784;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Bridgewater,  Massachusetts;  re 
moved  in  1792  to  Biddeford,  and  in  180(5  to  Portland, 
Massachusetts  (afterwards  Maine) ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Council  of  Massachusetts  1808-1809 
and  1817;  was  a  trustee  of  Bowdoin  College  1817- 
1836;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mas 
sachusetts  (in  place  of  Eli  P.  Ashmun,  resigned), 
serving  from  November  16,  1818,  to  May  15,  1820, 
when  he  resigned  on  account  of  the  separation 
of  Maine;  was  elected  the  first  chief  justice  of 
Maine,  serving  1820-1834,  when  he  was  disqualified 
by  age;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Portland, 
Maine,  and  died  there  December  31,  1840.  His  de 
cisions  are  published  in  the  first  eleven  volumes  of 
the  Maine  Reports. 

Mellish,  David  B.,  was  born  at  Oxford,  Massa 
chusetts,  January  2,  1831;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  art  of  printing  in  the  office  of 
"  The  Worcester  (Massachusetts)  Spy ; "  taught  school 
in  Massachusetts,  Maryland,  and  Pennsylvania;  was 
proof-reader  in  New-York  City  two  years ;  acquired 
Pitman's  phonographic  system  of  verbatim  report 
ing;  for  two  years,  1860  and  1861,  was  general  news 
and  short-hand  reporter  for  "The  New- York  Trib 
une;"  was  stenogragher  to  the  Metropolitan  and 
subsequently  to  the  Municipal  Board  of  Police  of 
New- York  City  nearly  ten  years,  meanwhile  con 
tributing  articles  to  the  press;  was  appointed  assist 
ant  appraiser  of  the  port  of  New  York  in  1871 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


531 


third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  7,841  votes 
against  7,008  votes  for  J.  Hardy,  Apollo-Hall  Demo 
crat,  and  5,847  votes  for  M.  Connolly,  Tammany-Hal] 
Democrat,  and  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
May  23,  1874,  when  he  died  at  the  Government  Hos 
pital  for  the  Insane,  having  lost  his  reason. 

Menifee,  Richard  H.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
received  au  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lex 
ington  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig  (defeating  Rich 
ard  French,  Democrat),  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  declined  a  re-election;  re 
moved  to  Lexington,  and  devoted  himself  to  profes 
sional  pursuits;  died  at  Frankfort  February  21,  1841. 

Menzies,  John  W.,  was  born  in  Fayette  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky,  April  12,  1819;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia 
in  1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Covington,  Kentucky; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1848  and  1855 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Unionist,  receiving  8,373  votes  against  3,774  votes 
for  Hogan,  Secessionist,  and  098  votes  for  Jones, 
serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  2,283  votes  against  0,930 
votes  for  Smith,  Union,  and  1,970  votes  for  Leathers, 
Democrat;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  National 
Convention  of  1804,  which  nominated  McClellan. 

Mercer,  Charles  Fenton,  was  born  at  Freder- 
icksburg,  Virginia,  June  0,  1778;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in 
1797 ;  served  in  the  United-States  army  as  lieutenant 
and  captain  1798-1800;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  visited  Europe;  returned  in  1803, 
and  commenced  practice ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1810-1817;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812  as  brigadier-general ;  was  defeated  as  a 
Federal  candidate  for  the  Twelfth  Congress  by 
Joseph  Kent,  Democrat;  was  the  first  president  of 
the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal  Company;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  succes 
sively  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twen 
ty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  December  26,  1839;  visited 
Europe  in  1853  to  confer  with  the  great  powers  on 
the  abolition  of  the  slave-trade;  died  at  Howard, 
near  Alexandria,  Virginia,  May  4,  1858. 

Mercer,  James,  was  born  in  Hampshire  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  in  1707;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College  in  1707; 
was  earnestly  engaged  in  pre-Revolutionary  move 
ments;  was  a  delegate  to  the  several  Constitutional 
Conventions;  was  one  of  the  Committee  of  Public 
Safety;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  in  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  serving  1779-1780;  was  appointed  a 
judge  of  admiralty  and  of  the  First  Court  of  Appeals 
in  1779  and  1780;  died  in  Virginia  in  July,  1793. 

Mercer,  John  Francis,  was  born  in  1758;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  from  William 
and  Mary  College  in  1775;  was  a  delegate  from  Vir 
ginia  1782-1785;  removed  to  Maryland;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Maryland  to  the  Convention  which  framed 
the  Federal  Constitution;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Second  Congress  (in  place 
of  William  Pinkney,  resigned) ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Third  Congress,  serving  from  February  6,  1792,  to 
April  13,  1794,  when  he  resigned;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  died  at  Phila 
delphia  August  30,  1821. 

Mercur,  Ulysses,  was  born  at  Towanda,  Penn 
sylvania,  August  12,  1818;  graduated  at  Jefferson 
College,  Pennsylvania;  studied  and  practised  law; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  which  nominated  Fremont;  was  a  Republican 


presidential  elector  in  1800;  was  appointed  president- 
judge  of  the  Thirteenth  Judicial  District  of  Penn 
sylvania  in  March,  1801.  and  in  the  October  follow 
ing  was  elected  to  the  same  office  for  a  term  of  ten 
years  from  December,  1801;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,724  votes 
against  8,723  votes  for  V.  E.  Piollet,  Democrat,  and 
resigned  his  judgeship  March  4,  1805;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  11,940  votes 
against  10,053  votes  for  Elwell,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  12,723 
votes  against  12,412  votes  for  Piollet,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,117  votes  against  10,993  votes  for  C.  B.  Brock- 
way,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1805,  to 
December  2,  1872,  when  he  resigned. 

Meredith,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1750;  received  a  mercantile  educa 
tion;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  legislature; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  major  of  the 
Third  Pennsylvania  Battalion ;  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788 ; 
was  treasurer  of  the  United  States  September  11, 
1789-December  1,  1801;  died  at  Belmont,  Pennsyl 
vania,  March  10,  1817. 

Meriwether,  David,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1755;  received  an  English  education;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  before  he  was  of  age  as  lieuten 
ant,  and  served  in  New  Jersey  and  in  Georgia;  was 
taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Savannah  by  the 
British,  and  held  as  a  hostage;  settled,  after  the  war, 
in  Wilkes  County,  Georgia;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Seventh  Congress  (in  place 
of  Benjamin  Taliaferro,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  0,  1802,  to  March  3,  1807; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  in  1804  a  com 
missioner  to  treat  with  the  Creek  Indians ;  died  near 
Athens,  Georgia,  November  10,  1822. 

Meriwether,  David,  was  born  and  reared  in 
Kentucky;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised ;  was  appointed  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Kentucky  (in  place  of  Henry  Clay,  re 
signed),  serving  from  July  15,  1852,  to  December  20, 
1852,  when  his  successor  took  his  scat ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Pierce  governor  of  New  Mexico,  serv 
ing  from  May  0,  1853,  to  January  5,  1855. 

Meriwether,  James,  was  born  in  Wilkes  Coun 
ty,  Georgia;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to 
March  3,  1827. 

Meriwether,  James  A.,  was  born  in  Georgia; 
resided  at  Edenton ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  39,141  votes  against  35,291  votes  for  Josiah 
S.  Patterson,  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841, 
to  March  3,  1843. 

Merriam,  Clinton  L.,  was  born  at  Leyden, 
New  York,  March  25,  1824;  received  an  academic 
education ;  engaged  at  an  early  age  in  banking  and 
mercantile  pursuits  in  Northern  New  York ;  removed 
to  New- York  City  in  1847,  where,  for  several  years, 
he  conducted  an  importing  and  jobbing  business, 
and  in  1800  established  a  banking  and  stock-commis 
sion  house,  from  which  he  retired  in  1804  to  his 
native  town;  and  was  elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,803  votes 
against  12,899  votes  for  Cornwall,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
17,337  votes  against  13,220  votes  for  B.  Brockway,  Lib 
eral,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Merrick,  William  D.  (father  of  William  M. 
Merrick),  was  born  in  Maryland;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  held  several  local  positions;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Maryland  (in 
place  of  Joseph  Kent,  deceased)  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  January  5,  1838,  to  March  3,  1845;  died  at 
Washington  City  February  5,  1857. 


532 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


Merrick,  William  M.  (son  of  William  D. 
Merrick),  was  born  in  Charles  County,  Maryland, 
September  1,  1818;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Frederick,  Maryland,  in  1844; 
was  deputy  attorney-general  for  Frederick  County 
1845-1850;'  removed  to  Washington  City  in  1854; 
was  appointed  associate  judge  of  the  United-States 
Circuit  Court  for  the  District  of  Columbia,  serving 
1854-1803;  was  senior  professor  of  law  in  Columbian 
College  1866  and  1867;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  1867;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1870;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,231 
votes  against  13,340  votes  for  James  A.  Gary,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  10,300  votes  against 
11.405  votes  for  William  F.  Albert,  Republican. 

Merrill,  Orsamus  C.,  was  born  in  Vermont 
in  1776;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  county-attorney,  register  of  probate,  and 
judge  of  probate;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Vermont  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  6,955  votes  against 
6,879  votes  for  Rollin  C.  Mallory,  and  obtained  the 
certificate  of  election,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  January  14,  1820,  when,  his  election  having 
been  successfully  contested,  Mr.  Mallory  took  his 
seat;  held  several  local  offices;  died  at  Bennington 
April  11,  1865. 

Merrimon,  Augustus  Summerfield,  was 
born  in  Buncombe  (now  Transylvania)  County,  in 
North  Carolina,  September  15,  1830;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  is  a  practising  lawyer; 
was  often  elected  county-attorney  in  several  coun 
ties;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  North  Caro 
lina  in  1860-1861 ;  was  solicitor  of  the  Eighth  Judicial 
District  of  North  Carolina  from  1861  to  1865;  was 
elected  by  the  legislature  a  judge  of  the  Superior 
Courts  in  1866,  and  continued  to  hold  that  office 
until  August,  1867,  when  he  resigned  his  office  rather 
than  obey  a  military  order,  sitting  as  a  civil  judge; 
he  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  North 
Carolina  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed  John  Pool,  Re 
publican),  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1873;  his  term 
of  service  will  expire  March  3,  1879. 

Merritt,  Samuel  A.,  was  born  at  Staunton, 
Virginia,  August  15,  1828;  received  his  early  educa 
tion  at  the  Staunton  Academy,  and  graduated  from 
Washington  College,  Lexington,  Virginia,  June  18, 
1848;  studied  law,  and  practises  the  profession;  was 
county-clerk  in  California  in  1850;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Assembly  of  California  in  1851  and  1852; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  California  in 
1857,  1858,  1859,  1860. 1861,  and  1862;  and  was  elected 
a  delegate  from  Idaho  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat  by  about  1,000  majority  over  T.  J. 
Butler,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1873. 

Mervin,  Orange,  was  born  at  Litchfield,  Con 
necticut;  received  an  academical  education;  resided 
at  New  Milford ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Messervy,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Salem, 
Massachusetts;  removed  to  New  Mexico;  was  elected 
a  delegate  from  New  Mexico  before  the  Territory  was 
admitted;  his  credentials  were  presented  December 
10,  185D,  and  reported  on  adversely  February  6,  1851; 
returning  to  Salem,  he  was  elected  mayor. 

Metcalf,  Arunah,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Otsego ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  a*  a  Democrat,  receiving  877  ma 


jority,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3, 
1813;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1814-181(5  and  in  1828. 

Metcalfe,  Henry  B.,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York,  January  20,  1805 ;  removed  with  his  parents  in 
1811  to  the  city  of  New  York,  and  in  1816  to  Rich 
mond  County;  studied  law  with  his  father,  George 
Metcalfe,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  city  of 
New  York  in  1826 ;  succeeded  his  father  in  the  latter 
part  of  that  year  as  district-attorney  of  Richmond 
County,  which  office  he  held  six  years;  was  appointed 
first  judge  of  Richmond  County  in  1840,  but  resigned 
the  following  year  to  accept  a  position  in  the  Revenue 
Department,  which  he  held  until  1843;  was  elected 
county-judge  and  surrogate  of  Richmond  County  in 

1847,  and  was   annually  re-elected   until  1875;    and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-fourth    Congress    as    a    Democrat,    receiving 
12,684  votes  against  11,002  votes  for  S.  B.  French, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Metcalfe,  Lyne  S.,  was  born  in  Madisonville, 
Kentucky,  April  21,  1822;  received  a  common-school 
education,  followed  by  a  partial  course  at  •Shurtleff 
and  Illinois  Colleges;  left  Kentucky  for  Illinois  in 
1838;  and  in  1844,  at  Alton,  Illinois,  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  alder 
men  for  several  years,  and  afterward  mayor  of  that 
city;  entered  the  United-States  service  at  the  com 
mencement  of  the  civil  war  as  assistant  quarter 
master,  with  rank  as  captain,  and  was  promoted  to  a 
colonelcy;  removed  to  St.  Louis  in  1863;  was  engaged 
in  manufacturing  there  after  1866,  and  served  as  a 
member  of  the  city  council  of  that  city ;  was  elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,091  votes  against  8,072  votes  for  R.  M.  Frost,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Metcalfe,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Fauquier 
County,  Virginia,  March  20,  1780;  received  a  public- 
school  education  in  Fayctte  County,  Kentucky,  where 
his  father  had  removed ;  learned  the  mason's  trade; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  distinguished  himself 
at  the  battle  of  Fort  Meigs ;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Six 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Clay  Democrat,  defeating  <Mr. 
Desha;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  June  1, 1828,  when  he  resigned; 
was  governor  of  Kentucky  1829-1833;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1834 ;  was  president  of  the  Board 
of  Internal  Improvement  in  1840;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Kentucky  (in  place  of 
John  J.  Crittenden,  resigned),  serving  from  July  3, 

1848,  to  March  3,  1849;  retired  to  his  farm,  and  died 
in  Nicholas  County,  Kentucky,  August  18,  1855. 

Meyers,  Benjamin  P.,  was  born  near  New 
Centreville,  Pennsylvania,  July  6,  1833;  received  an 
academic  education  at  Somerset  and  Jefferson  Col 
lege,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1855 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  of  Pennsylvania  in  1864;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  National  Convention  in  1864;  became 
editor  and  proprietor  of  "The  Bedford  Gazette"  in 
1857,  and  one  of  the  proprietors  and  editor-in-chief 
of  "The  Harrisburg  Daily  Patriot"  in  1868,  with 
which  journals  he  is  still  connected ;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,859 
votes  against  12,844  votes  for  John  Cessna,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873; 
was  defeatetl  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,067  votes  against 
14,383  votes  for  John  Cessna,  Republican. 

Middleswarth,  Ner,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  an  academical  education;  removed  to  Penn 
sylvania,  and  settled  at  Beavertown;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,921  votes  against 
6,278  votes  for  Seiner,  Democrat,  serving  from  De- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


533 


cember  5, 1853,  to  March  3, 1855;  died  at  Beavertown 
June  2,  1865. 

Middleton,  Arthur  (son  of  Henry  Middleton, 
and  father  of  Henry  Middleton),  was  born  at  the 
family-seat  on  Ashley  River,  South  Carolina,  in  1743; 
received  a  classical  education  in  England,  graduating 
at  Cambridge  University  in  1764 ;  after  travelling  at 
home  and  abroad,  he  settled  down  as  a  South-Caro 
lina  planter  in  1773 ;  was  one  of  the  Council  of  Safety 
in  1775;  was  one  of  the  committee  to  frame  a  State 
Constitution  in  1776 ;  was  a  delegate  from  South  Car 
olina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1778 ;  declined 
the  governorship  of  South  Carolina  in  1778 ;  entered 
the  Revolutionary  army  as  a  South-Carolina  volun 
teer  in  1779;  was  made  prisoner  by  the  British  on 
the  fall  of  Charleston  in  1780,  and  exchanged  in  July, 
1781 ;  was  again  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1781-1783;  having  acquired 
the  art  of  stenography,  he  took  notes  of  many  of  the 
debates  in  which  he  participated;  died  in  South  Car 
olina  January  1,  1788.  He  published  some  effective 
political  essays  over  the  signature  of  Andrew  Mar- 
veil. 

Middleton,  George,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  October  14,  1811;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Burlington,  New  Jersey;  learned  the  tan 
ner's  trade;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Allentown;  held  several  local  offices ;  was 
for  two  successive  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  12,182  votes  against  10,834  votes  for 
Brown,  Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863, 
to  March  3,  1865;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
13,091  votes  against  13,453  votes  for  William  A. 
Newell,  Union. 

Middleton,  Henry  (father  of  Arthur  Middle- 
ton,  and  grandfather  of  Henry  Middleton),  was  born 
in  South  Carolina ;  was  a  delegate  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776;  died  at 
Charleston,  South  Carolina. 

Middleton,  Henry  (son  of  Arthur  Middleton, 
and  grandson  of  Henry  Middleton),  was  born  in 
South  Carolina  in  1770;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1801-1810;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina 
1810-1812;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4, 
1815,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  minister  to  Russia  April 
6,  1823-August  3,  1830;  died  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  June  14,  1846. 

Miffiin,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1744;  was  educated  in  Philadelphia 
College;  visited  Europe  in  1765,  and,  after  his  re 
turn,  entered  into  partnership  with  an  elder  brother; 
was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  legislature  in  1772 
and  1773;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
First  Congress  in  1774;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  major  of  a  Philadelphia  regiment;  accom 
panied  Washington  to  Cambridge  as  aide-de-camp, 
with  the  rank  of  colonel;  was  made  quartermaster- 
general  in  August;  was  made  adjutant-general  in 
September;  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  May 
16,  1776,  and  major-general  February  19,  1777;  he 
served  with  distinction  on  Long  Island  and  in  New 
Jersey,  but  became  dissatisfied  with  General  Wash 
ington,  and  was  one  of  those  who  conspired  to  re 
move  him;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1782-1783;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  and  its  speaker" 
in  17s5 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  to  frame 
the  Federal  Constitution  1787;  was  president  of  the 
Supreme  Executive  Council  of  Pennsylvania  October, 
1788-October,  1790;  was  president  of  the  convention 
which  framed  the  State  Constitution  1790;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Pennsylvania  1791-1800 ;  died  at  Lancaster, 
Pennsylvania,  January  21,  1800. 

Miles,  Nathaniel,  was  elected  a  representative 


from  Vermont  in  the  Second  Congress;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  October  24, 
1791,  to  March  3,  1795. 

Miles,  W.  Porcher,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  July,  1828;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  Charleston  College ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  mayor  of 
Charleston  1856-1857;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
State-rights  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  his 
withdrawal  on  the  secession  of  South  Carolina ;  was 
a  deputy  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Provisional 
Congress  of  the  Confederate  States,  which  assembled 
at  Montgomery  in  February,  1861 ;  was  a  representa 
tive  from  South  Carolina  in  the  First  and  Second 
Confederate  Congresses,  serving  from  February  22, 
1862,  to  March,  1864. 

Milledge,  John,  was  born  at  Savannah,  Georgia, 
in  1757;  took  up  arms  early  in  the  Revolutionary 
struggle,  and  distinguished  himself  in  the  local  en 
gagements;  was  attorney-general  of  Georgia  in  1780; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Second  Congress  (in  place  of  Anthony  Wayne,  whose 
seat  had  been  declared  vacant  by  the  House),  serving 
from  November  22, 1792,  to  March  2, 1793;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to 
March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  May, 
1802,  when  he  resigned;  was  governor  of  Georgia 
1802-1806;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Georgia  (in  place  of  James  Jackson,  deceased),  serv- 
ingfrom  December  11, 1806,  to  1809,  when  he  resigned ; 
died  at  the  Sand  Hills  February  9,  1819. 

Millen,  John,  was  born  at  Savannah,  Georgia, 
in  1804;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Savannah;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  35,026  votes  against  32,544  votes  for 
Henry  P.  Smead,  Whig;  died  October  15,  1843  (hav 
ing  never  taken  his  seat),  at  his  residence,  near  Sa 
vannah. 

Miller,  Daniel  P.,  was  born  in  Alleghany  Coun 
ty,  Maryland,  October  4,  1814;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law  at  Pittsbnrg;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1838,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Iowa  in  1839;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,091  votes  against  6,477  votes  for  William 
Thompson,  the  Mormon  vote  having  been  thrown 
out;  Mr.  Thompson  received  the  certificate  of  elec 
tion,  and  Mr.  Miller  contested  the  seat,  the  House 
deciding,  June  29,  1850,  that  the  seat  was  vacant; 
at  the  new  election  Miller  received  5,463  votes  against 
4,804  votes  for  Thompson,  and  365  votes  for  Smith, 
Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  20, 1850,  to  March 
3,  1851;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Fremont 
ticket  in  1856. 

Miller,  Daniel  H.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  at 
Philadelphia  in  1846. 

Miller,  George  F.,  was  born  at  Chillisquaque, 
Pennsylvania,  September  5,  1809;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  sec 
retary  of  the  Lewisburg  University,  in  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania,  1848-1864 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  11,619  votes  against  11,092 
votes  for  W.  H.  Miller,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,190  votes  against  12,675  votes  for  Bowers,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  4, 1865,  to  March  3, 1869. 


534 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Miller,  Jacob  W.,  was  born  in  Morris  County, 
New  Jersey,  in  1802;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Norristown:  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  18-33;  died  at 
Morristown,  New  Jersey,  September  20,  1862. 

Miller,  Jesse  (father  of  William  H.  Miller),  was 
born  at  Landisburg,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  840  majority  over  Thomas  White- 
sides,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  Octo 
ber  30,  1830,  when  he  resigned;  was  appointed  by 
President  Jackson  first  auditor  of  the  treasury,  serv 
ing  November  1,  1836-June  IT,  1842;  was  canal  com 
missioner  of  Pennsylvania  1845  and  1840;  was  State 
secretary  of  state  1840-1848;  died  at  Harrisburg, 
Pennsylvania,  August  20,  1850. 

Miller,  John,  was  born  at  Amenia,  New  York, 
November  10,  1774;  received  a  private  education; 
studied  medicine;  attended  lectures  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  Pennsylvania,  and  practised  at  Truxton,  New 
York ;  was  postmaster  at  Truxton  1805-1825 ;  was  a 
justice  of  the  peace  1812-1821;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1817  and  1820; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 1825, 
to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1845;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1846;  died  at 
Truxton,  New  York,  March  5,  1802. 

Miller,  John,  was  born  at  Steubenville,  Ohio; 
received  a  public-school  education;  served  in  the  war 
of  1812,  entering  the  army  March  12,  1812,  as  lieu 
tenant-colonel  of  the  Seventeenth  Infantry;  distin 
guished  himself  in  several  engagements,  and  resigned 
February  10, 1818;  removed  to  Missouri ;  was  govern 
or  of  Missouri  1820-1832;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Van  Buren  Democrat,  defeating  Samuel  C.  Owens, 
White  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  23,187  votes  against  17,193  votes 
for  Allen,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  from  September  4, 1837,  to 
March  3,  1843;  died  near  Florissant,  Missouri,  March 
18,  1X40. 

Miller,  John  G.,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  Octo 
ber  4,  1812;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Boonville,  Missouri,  in  1835;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1840; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,578 
votes  against  0,554  votes  for  Green,  anti-Benton 
Democrat,  and  2,411  votes  for  J.  Miller,  Benton  Dem 
ocrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
receiving  8,297  votes  against  7,869  votes  for  Green, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  0,372  votes  against  4,904  votes  for 
Price,  Benton  Democrat,  and  2,540  votes  for  Hough, 
anti-Benton  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  May  11, 1850,  when  he  died  in  Saline  County, 
Missouri. 

Miller,  John  K..,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received  a 
public-school  education;  located  at  Mount  Vemon, 
Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December 
0,  1S47,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Miller,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Ohio ;  was  educated 
at  Chillicothe;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  7,403  votes  against  5,033  votes  for  Hoffman, 
Republican,  and  4,3215  votes  for  Moore,  American, 
and  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,043  votes  against 
10,582  votes  for  Trimble,  Republican;  was  appointed 


United-States  judge  of  the  District  Courts  for  the 
Territory  of  Nebraska. 

Miller,  KLillian,  was  born  at  Claverack,  New 
York,  July  30,  1785;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1800, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Livingston,  New  York; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1825  and  1828;  removed  to  Hudson  City  in  1833; 
was  county-clerk  1837-1840;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,376  votes  against  5,540  votes 
for  McClellan,  American,  and  2,480  votes  for  Miller, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1857. 

Miller,  Morris  S.,  was  born  in  1779;  resided  at 
Utica;  wras  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  a  State 
commissioner  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with  the  Seneca 
Indians  1819;  was  judge  of  the  Oneida-county 
Court ;  died  at  Utica  November  15,  1824. 

Miller,  Nathan,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island ;  was 
a  brigadier-general  of  militia;  was  a  delegate  from 
Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1785 
and  1780. 

Miller,  Pleasant  M.,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Miller,  i&utger  B.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Utica;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Samuel  Beardsley,  resigned),  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1836,  to  March  3,lS37;  died  at  Utica,  New 
York,  November  13,  1877. 

Miller,  Samuel  F.,  was  born  at  Franklin,  New 
York,  May  27,  1827;  pursued  his  academic  studies 
at  the  Delaware  Literary  Institute;  graduated  at 
Hamilton  College  in  1852;  studied  law  at  the  Hamil 
ton-college  Law  School,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1853 ;  did  not  practise,  but  engaged  in  business  as 
a  farmer  and  lumberman;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  New  York  in  1854;  was  super 
visor  of  the  town  of  Franklin  in  1855  and  1856;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,918  votes  against  13,523  votes  for  Parker,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1865;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  New  York  in  1807 ;  was  appointed  a 
commissioner  on  the  State  Board  of  Charities  in 
1807,  and  was  re-appointed  in  1873 ;  was  appointed 
collector  of  internal  revenue  May  20,  1869,  and  re 
signed  May  23,  1873 ;  and  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  15,574  votes  against 
14,431  votes  for  O.  M.  Allaben,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Miller,  Smith,  was  born  in  North  Carolina;  re 
moved  when  a  lad  to  Indiana  with  his  parents,  and 
settled  at  Patoka;  was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  re 
ceived  a  scanty  public-school  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  •  Indiana  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,007 
votes  against  6,252  votes  for  Keal,  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
9,804  votes  against  9,051  votes  for  Hall,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Miller,  Stephen  Decatur,  was  born  in  the 
Waxhaw  Settlement  of  Lancaster  District,  South 
Carolina,  May  8, 1787;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  College  of  South  Carolina  in  1808; 
studied  law  under  John  S.  Richardson ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1811,  and  commenced  practice  at  Sumter- 
ville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  Maytrant)  as 
an  anti-Calhoun  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  January  2, 
1817,  until  Marches,  1819;  declined  a  re-election, 
and  resumed  practice;  was  a  State  senator  1822- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


535 


1828;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina  1828-1830; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  South  Caro 
lina  as  a  Nullifier,  defeating  Judge  William  Smith, 
and  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2, 
1833,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  ill  health; 
was  a  member  of  the  Nullification  Conventions  of 
1830  and  1832;  removed  to  Mississippi  in  1835,  and 
engaged  largely  in  the  cultivation  of  cotton;  and 
died  at  Raymond,  Mississippi,  March  8,  1838. 

Miller,  W^illiam  H.  (son  of  Jesse  Miller),  was 
born  in  Perry  County,  Pennsylvania,  January  29, 
1828;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Marshall  College,  Franklin,  Pennsylvania;  was  clerk 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania  1854-1803; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  10,030  votes  against  10, 109  votes  for  Patterson, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March 
3,  1865;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,092  votes 
against  11,619  votes  for  George  F.  Miller,  Republican; 
died  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  September  12, 
1870. 

Miller,  William  S.,  was  born  at  New- York 
City;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  died  at  New-York 
City  November  9,  1854. 

Milligan,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Cecil  County, 
Maryland,  December  10,  1795;  received  a  classical 
education,  studying  three  years  at  Princeton  College; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and 
commenced  practice  in  New-Castle  County,  Dela 
ware;  retired  in  1828  to  his  country-seat  near  Wil 
mington  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Delaware 
in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3, 
1831,  to  March  3, 1839;  was  appointed  in  1839  judge 
of  the  State  Superior  Court. 

Millikin,  Charles  "W.,  was  born  in  Graves 
County,  Kentucky,  August  15,  1827,  and  was  taken 
to  Simpson  County,  Kentucky,  when  he  was  two 
years  of  age ;  graduated  in  June,  1849 ;  studied  law, 
and  followed  it  as  a  profession ;  was  county-attorney 
of  Simpson  County  five  years;  was  appointed,  in 
January,  1807,  Commonwealth  attorney  for  the 
Fourth'  Judicial  District  of  Kentucky  (to  fill  a 
vacancy) ;  was  elected  the  following  August  to  serve 
out  the  unexpired  term;  was  re-elected  in  August, 
1868,  for  a  full  term  of  six  years,  and  resigned  on 
the  24th  of  February,  1872 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,796  votes  against  4.853 
votes  for  J.  S.  Golladay,  Independent  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  6,875  votes  against  2,085  votes  for  Goren, 
Republican,  and  471  votes  for  W.  H.  Butler,  Inde 
pendent  Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1877. 

Mills,  Elijah  Hunt,  was  born  in  1778;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Williams  College 
in  1797 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Northampton,  Massachusetts ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Massachusetts  (in  place 
of  Prentiss  Mellen,  resigned);  and  was  re-elected, 
serving  from  December  1,  1820.  to  March  3,  1827; 
died  at  Northampton,  Massachusetts,  May  5,  1829. 

Mills,  Roger  Q.,  of  Corsicana,  Texas,  studied 
and  practised  law  ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Texas  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-foiirth  Congress, 
defeating  Pleasant  M.  Yell,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  20,731 
votes  against  8,839  votes  for  J.  P.  Osterhout,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 


Millson,  John  S.,  was  born  at  Norfolk,  Vir 
ginia,  October  1,  1808;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Norfolk;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1844  and  1848 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  2,736  votes  against  2,558  votes  for 
Watson,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  2,271  votes  against  1,541  votes 
for  Cowper,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  3,206  votes  against  2,071  votes 
for  Chambliss,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  4,769  votes  against  4,224 
votes  for  Watts,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  no 
opposition,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March 
3,  1801;  he  took  no  part  in  the  Rebellion,  but  re 
mained  quietly  at  his  home  at  Norfolk;  died  at  Nor 
folk,  Virginia,  February  26,  1873. 

Millward,  William,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
5,888  votes  against  5,525  votes  for  Landy",  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  was 
defeated  as  the  Union  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  6,753  votes  against  7,933  votes 
for  Landy,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,749  votes  against 
6,451  votes  for  Phillips,  Democrat,  and  253  votes  for 
Broom,  American,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1861. 

Mimes,  William,  jun.,  was  born  in  York 
shire,  England,  December  8,  1827;  in  the  second 
year  of  his  age  his  father  emigrated  to  America,  and 
settled  in  Ppttsville,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  en 
gaged  in  mining  and  manufacturing;  after  complet 
ing  an  academic  education,  he  apprenticed  himself 
to  a  lirm  engaged  in  the  machine  and  blacksmithing 
business;  at  the  expiration  of  his  apprenticeship  he 
entered  into  business  with  his  father  and  brother  in 
the  mining  and  shipping  of  coal ;  in  1865  he  removed 
to  Virginia,  having  previously  disposed  of  his  busi 
ness  interests  in  Pennsylvania,  and  purchased  the 
extensive  property  located  in  Page  and  Rocking- 
ham  Counties  known  as  the  Shenandoah  Iron 
Works;  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Conservative 
Republican,  receiving  12,123  votes  against  6,815  votes 
for  Harris,  the  opposition  candidate,  serving  from 
January  27,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Milnor,  James,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  June  20,  1773  ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1794, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Philadelphia;  was  a 
leading  member  of  the  Freemasons,  and  grand  mas 
ter  of  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  4,359  votes  against  3,143  votes  for  John  Porter, 
serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813; 
abandoning  the  law  for  theology,  he  was  ordained  by 
Bishop  White  of  the  Protestant-Episcopal  Church  in 
1814,  and  in  1816  became  the  rector  of  St.  George's 
Church  at  New  York;  was  for  many  years  the  grand 
chaplain  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Freemasons  of  New 
York;  after  spending  the  evening  with  his  fellow- 
directors  of  the  New- York  Deaf  and  Dumb  Institu 
tion,  he  died  suddenly,  April  8,  1845. 

Milnor,  William,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  received  an  academical  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from  October  20, 
1807,  to  March  3,  1811;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  receiving  885  majority,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  receiving 
6,090  majority,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 


536 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1822,  when  he  resigned ;  was  elected  sheriff  of  Phila 
delphia. 

Miner,  Ahiman  L.,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  was  clerk  of  the 
Vermont  House  of  Representatives  in  1830  and  1837; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1838,  1839,  and  1845;  was  a  State  senator  in  1840; 
was  county-attorney,  register  of  probate,  and  judge 
of  probate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ver 
mont  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  4,369  votes  against  4,12(5  votes  for  A.  P. 
Lyman,  Whig,  2,089  votes  for  D.  Roberts,  jun.,  Demo 
crat,  and  405  scattering,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Miner,  Charles,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Connect 
icut,  February  17, 1778;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  removed  in  1797  with  his  father  to  Wilkes- 
barre,  Pennsylvania,  and  thence  to  West  Chester; 
published  "  The  Village  Record  "  at  West  Chester  for 
some  years;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  declined  a 
re-election  on  account  of  deafness ;  died  at  Wilkes- 
barre,  Pennsylvania,  October  20,  1805.  Published  a 
"  History  of  Wyoming." 

Miner,  Phineas,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in 
1779;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Jabez  W.  Huntington,  resigned), 
receiving  10,244  votes  against  15,894  votes  for  his 
opponent,  serving  from  December  1,  1834,  to  March 
3,  1835;  died  at  Litchfield, 'Connecticut,  September 
16,  1839. 

Mitchell,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Aberdeen- 
shire,  Scotland,  October  17,  1817;  received  an  aca 
demic  education  in  Scotland;  immigrated  to  the 
United  States;  located  at  Milwaukee,  and  engaged  in 
banking;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wiscon 
sin  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  10,558  votes  against  12,250  votes  for  W.  P. 
Lyon,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  13,281  votes  against  7,120 
votes  for  F.  C.  Winkler,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Mitchell,  Anderson,  was  born  in  Caswell 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1800;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1821 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1830,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wilkes- 
borough;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (in  place 
of  Lewis  Williams,  deceased),  serving  from  April  27, 
1842,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Mitchell,  Charles  B.,  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Alabama  for  six  years  from 
March  4,  1801 ;  he  did  not  appear  to  take  his  seat  at 
the  extra  session,  and  he  was  expelled  July  11,  1801. 

Mitchell,  Charles  F.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Lock- 
port*  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,090  votes 
against  3,840  votes  for  Henry  R.  Curtis,  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1S37,  to  March  3,  1841; 
was  convicted  of  forgery  in  1842,  and  sentenced  to 
three  years'  imprisonment  in  the  State  prison  at 
Sing  Sing,  from  which  he  was  pardoned  by  Governor 
Bouch  in  November,  1843,  on  account  of  his  ill 
health;  went  to  the  West,  and  engaged  in  the  milling 
business,  enjoying  the  confidence  of  the  people 
among  whom  he  resided. 

Mitchell,  George  B.,  was  born  in  Cecil  Coun 
ty,  Maryland  ;  received  a  liberal  education  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  eigh 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  again  elected  to  the 


Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving  280  majority  over 
Williams ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  June  28, 
1832,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Mitchell,  Henry,  was  born  at  Woodbury,  Con 
necticut,  in  1784 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  stud 
ied  medicine,  and  finally  settled  down  in  practice  at 
Norwich,  New  York  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1827;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  at  Norwich,  New 
York,  January  12,  1858. 

Mitchell,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Mecklenburg 
County,  North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
defeating  James  Stand efer;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825, 
to  March  3,  1829;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  by  James  Standefer;  was 
judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Tennessee;  removed  in 
1835  to  the  vicinity  of  Jackson,  Mississippi,  and  en 
gaged,  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  and  died  near  Jack 
son,  Mississippi,  August  7,  1843. 

Mitchell,  James  S.,  was  born  at  Rossville, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Mitchell,  John,  was  born  in  Perry  County, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
resided  at  Belief onte;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1829. 

Mitchell,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Pennsylvania,  June  22,  1835;  received  a 
public-school  education  and  the  instruction  of  a 
private  tutor;  studied  and  practised  law;  removed 
to  California,  and  practised  law,  first  in  San  Luis 
Obispo,  and  then  in  San  Francisco;  removed  to  Port 
land,  Oregon,  in  1800,  and  there  continued  his  pro 
fession;  was  elected  corporation  attorney  of  Portland 
in  1801,  and  served  one  year;  was  elected  as  a  Re 
publican  to  the  State  Senate  in  1802,  and  served  four 
years,  the  last  two  as  president  of  that  body;  was 
commissioned  by  the  governor  of  Oregon  in  1805 
lieutenant-colonel  in  the  State  militia;  was  a  candi 
date  for  United-States  senator  in  1800,  and  was  de 
feated  in  the  party  caucus  by  one  vote ;  was  chosen 
professor  of  medical  jurisprudence  in  Willamette 
University  at  Salem,  Oregon,  in  1807,  and  served  in 
that  position  nearly  four  years ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Oregon  as  a  Republican  (to  suc 
ceed  Henry  W.  Corbett,  Republican),  and  took  his 
seat  March  4,  1873.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3,  1879. 

Mitchell,  John  I.,  was  born  in  Tioga  County, 
Pennsylvania,  July  28,  1838;  spent  his  boyhood  upon 
his  father's  farm;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion  and  private  instruction,  and  passed  some  time 
at  the  University  of  Lewisburg,  Pennsylvania  (1857- 
1859),  but  did  not  graduate;  taught  school;  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  lieutenant  and  captain ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1804,  and  has  since  practised 
law ;  was  elected  district-attorney  of  his  native  coun 
ty  in  1808,  serving  three  years;  edited  ''The  Tioga- 
County  Agitator"  during  the  year  1870;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Hoilse  of  Representatives  five  years 
from  1827  to  1870  inclusive,  and  served  as  chairman 
of  the  Judiciary  General  and  Ways  and  Means; 
was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,595  votes  against  12,097  votes  for 
Henry  White,  Democrat,  and  1,530  votes  for  J.  F. 
Davis,  Independent  Greenbacker,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  15,  1877. 

Mitchell,  Nahum,  was  born  at  East  Bridge- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


537 


water,  Massachusetts,  February  12,  1769;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in 
1789;  studied  law  under  Hon.  John  Davis  at  Plym 
outh;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  November  24,  1792, 
and  commenced  practice  at  East  Bridge  water;  was 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1811-1821;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 

1803,  1804,  1805,  1839,  and  1840,  and  State  senator 
1813  and  1814;   was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  until  March  3, 1805;  was  a  member 
of  the  governor's  council  1814-1820;  was  treasurer 
of  the  Commonwealth  1822-1827;   was  one  of  the 
first  commissioners  for  establishing  a  railroad   be 
tween  Boston  and  Albany;  was  librarian  and  treas 
urer  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society;   and 
died  suddenly,  after  discovering  that  his  pocket  had 
been  picked,  while  attending  the  celebration  of  the 
embarkation  of  the  Pilgrims  at  Plymouth,  Massa 
chusetts,  August  1,  1853.     He  published  a  "History 
of  Bridgewater"  and  "The  Bridgewater  Collection 
of  Sacred  Music." 

Mitchell,  Nathaniel,  was  a  delegate  from  Dela 
ware  to  the  Continental  Congress  178(3-1788. 

Mitchell,  Robert,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to 
Zanesville,  Ohio;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835. 

Mitchell,  Samuel  Latham,  was  born  at 
Hampstead,  New  York,  August  20,  1764;  received  a 
classical  education,  and  studied  medicine  with  Dr. 
S.  Latham,  his  maternal  uncle;  was  in  1788  a  com 
missioner  to  purchase  the  lands  of  the  Iroquois  In 
dians  in  Western  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1791 ;  was  ap 
pointed  professor  of  chemistry  and  natural  history 
in  Columbia  College  in  1792;  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  State  Society  for  the  Promotion  of  Agriculture 
in  1793;  was  an  editor  of  "The  Quarterly  Medical 
Repository"  1797-1813;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1798 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1801,  to  his  res 
ignation  November  22,  1804;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  York  (in  place  of  John 
Armstrong,  resigned),  serving  from  November  23, 

1804,  to  March  3,  1809 ;  was  again  elected  a  represen 
tative  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  (in  place  of  William 
Denning,  who  was  elected,  but  never  qualified),  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  receiving  a 
majority  of  580  votes,  serving  from  December  4,  1810, 
to  March  3,  1813 ;  was  professor  of  natural  history  in 
the  New-York  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons 
1808-1820,  and  of  botany  and  materia  medica  1820- 
1826;    was  vice-president    of    the  Rutgers  Medical 
School  1826-1830;   was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
New- York  Literary  and    Philosophical    Society  in 
1815;    eyed  at  New  York  September  7,  1831.     He 
published  "Observations  on  the  Absorbent  Tubes  of 
Animal  Bodies,"  "  Nomenclature  of  the  New  Chem 
istry,"  "Present  State  of  Learning  in  the  College  of 
New  York,"    "Life  of  Tammany,"    "Synopsis  of 
Chemical  Nomenclature,"  "History  of  the  Botani 
cal  Writers  of  America,"  "Treatise  on  the  Fishes  of 
New  York,"  besides  numerous  addresses. 

Mitchell,  Stephen  Mix,  was  born  at  Wethers- 
field,  Connecticut,  December  27,  1743;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1763;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1772, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Wethersfield ;  was  asso 
ciate  judge  of  the  Hartford-county  Court  1779-1790; 
was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1783-1785 ;  was  presiding  judge  of  the  Hart 
ford-county  Court  1790-1795  ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Connecticut  (in  place  of  Roger 
Sherman,  deceased),  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
to  March  3,  1795 ;  was  judge  of  the  Superior  Court 


of  Connecticut  1795-1807;  was  chief  justice  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  Connecticut  1807-1814;  died  at 
Wethersfield,  Connecticut,  September  30,  1835. 

Mitchell,  Thomas  R.,  was  born  at  Georgetown, 
South  Carolina;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1802;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Georgetown;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  a  majority  of  517  votes  over  Colonel  Campbell, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress  by  Colonel  Campbell ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  defeating  Colonel  Campbell; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving 
a  majority  of  75  votes  over  Colonel  Campbell,  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  defeating  Colonel  Campbell,  serving  from 
December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833 ;  died  at  George 
town,  South  Carolina,  November  2,  1837. 

Mitchell,  William,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Indi 
ana;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Kendallsville ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  14.267  votes  against  11,378 
votes  for  P.  M.  Henkle,  Democrat,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,917  votes  against  12.353  votes  for 
Edgcrton,  Democrat;  died  at  Macon,  Georgia,  Sep 
tember  11,  1865. 

Moffet,  John,  was  born  in  County  Antrim,  Ire 
land,  in  1832 ;  was  brought  to  the  United  States  by 
his  parents  when  he  was  a  child;  was  educated  at 
the  public  schools  of  Philadelphia,  and  in  the  medi 
cal  department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania; 
entered  into  business  at  Philadelphia  as  an  .apothe 
cary;  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  April  9, 
1869,  when,  his  election  having  been  successfully 
contested,  his  competitor,  Leonard  Myers,  took 
his  seat. 

Moffit,  Hosea,  was  born  in  Rensselaer  County, 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1794-1801 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817 ; 
was  brigadier-general  of  militia. 

Molbny,  Richard  S.,  was  born  at  Northfield, 
New  Hampshire ;  received  a  classical  education,  and 
was  a  student  at  Dartmouth  College ;  studied  medi 
cine;  was  licensed,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bel- 
videre,  Illinois;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  11,321  votes  against  10,587  votes  for  Cofling, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1853. 

Monell,  Robert,  was  born  in  Columbia  County, 
New  York ;  received  a  classical  education ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Greene,  Chenango  County;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1814-1815;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Six 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1825,  1826, 
and  1828;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  February 
21, 1831,  when  he  resigned;  was  a  circuit-judge;  died 
at  Greene,  New  York,  1860. 

Money,  Hernando  De  Soto,  was  born  in 
Holmes  County,  Mississippi,  August  26,  1839;  edu 
cated  at  the  University  of  Mississippi,  at  Oxford; 
studied  law;  adopted  the  editorial  profession;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Forty- 


538 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


fourth   Congress    as  a  Democrat,   receiving    13,811 
votes   against  5,781   votes   for  Ridgely  C.    Powers, 
Republican,  and  5,022  votes  for  Finis  H.  Little,  Re 
publican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con- 
fress,  receiving  17,953  votes  against  6,320  votes  for 
V.  W.  Chisholm,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  0,  1875. 

Monroe,  James,  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Virginia,  April  28,  1758;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College 
in  1770;  joined  the  Revolutionary  army  as  a  cadet  in 
1770;  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy,  and  participated 
in  several  engagements;  studied  law  under  Thomas 
Jefferson;  was  appointed  military  commissioner  for 
Virginia  in  1780,  and  visited  the  Southern  army 
under  General  DeKalb;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1782;  was  a  delegate 
from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1783-1780; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1780;  was  a  United-States  senator  from 
Virginia  1790-1794 ;  was  minister  plenipotentiary  to 
France  May  28,  1794-December  30,  1796;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Virginia  1799-1802 ;  was  again  minister  pleni 
potentiary  to  France  January  12,  1803-July  12,  1803; 
was  minister  plenipotentiary  to  England  in  1803,  and 
to  Spain  in  1805;  returning  home  in  1808,  he  was 
again  elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  governor  of  Virginia  in  1811;  was 
secretary  of  state  of  the  United  States  November  25, 
1811-March  3,  1817;  was  elected  and  re-elected  Presi 
dent  of  the  United  States,  serving  March  4,  1817,  to 
March  3, 1825 ;  retired  to  his  farm  in  Loudon  County, 
Virginia,  and  resided  there  until  1831,  when  he  re 
moved  to  New- York  City,  where  he  died  July  4, 
1831. 

Monroe,  James,  was  born  at  Plainfield,  Con 
necticut,  July  18,  1821 ;  received  his  early  education 
at  the  common  school  and  at  Plainfield  Academy ; 
graduated  at  Oberlin  College  in  1840,  and  afterward 
pursued  a  course  of  theological  study  there;  was  a 
professor  in  Oberlin  College  from-  1849  until  1802; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of 
the  State  of  Ohio  in  1856-1859,  and  of  the  Ohio  Sen 
ate  in  1800-1802 ;  was  chosen  president  pro  tempore 
of  the  Ohio  Senate  in  1801,  and  again  in  1862;  re 
signed  his  seat  in  the  Senate  in  October,  1802,  to 
accept  the  position  of  United-States  consul  at  Rio  de 
Janeiro,  tendered  him  by  President  Lincoln;  held 
the  office  of  consul  at  that  capital  from  1803  to  1809, 
serving  for  some  months  of  1809  as  charge  d'affaires 
ad  interim ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  12,271  votes  against  11,545  votes  for  L.  R. 
Critchn'eld,  Democrat,  and  85  votes  for  Whiton, 
Prohibitionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  14,002  votes  against  10,298  votes 
for  N.  S.  Townsend,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,229  votes  against  10,095  votes  for  John  K.  Mc- 
Bride,  Democrat,  and  105  votes  for  Miller,  Prohibi 
tionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  16,900  votes  against  12,772  votes  for  "John 
Hall,  Democrat. 

Montanya,  J.  Dela,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Haverstraw ;  Avas  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  4,405  votes  against  3,750  votes 
for  John  S.  Gurnee,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
2,  18:)!),  to  March  3,  1841. 

Montgomery,  David,  jun.,  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Tenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  October  26, 1807,  to  March  3, 1809. 

Montgomery,  John,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
received  a  classical  education;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
(defeating  Spencer),  serving  from  October  26, 1807,  to 
March  3,  1811. 

Montgomery,  John  G.,  was  born  at  North 
umberland,  Pennsylvania,  in  1805 ;  received  a  classi 


cal  education,  graduating  at  Washington  College  in 
1824;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Danville,  Pennsylvania; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1855 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,442  votes  against  7,057  votes  for  Smith, 
Unionist;  contracted  the  disease  which  seized  many 
of  the  guests  at  the  National  Hotel,  Washington, 
before  the  inauguration  of  President  Buchanan,  and 
died,  before  taking  his  seat,  at  Danville,  Pennsyl 
vania,  April  24,  1857. 

Montgomery,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1755;  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1784. 

Montgomery,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Nelson 
Count}-,  Virginia;  received  a  thorough  English  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Stanford,  Kentucky;  was  a  county- 
judge;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Tun- 
stall  Quarles,  resigned);  was  re-elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  November  13,  1820,  to 
March  3,  1823 ;  died  at  Stanford,  Kentucky,  April  2, 
1828. 

Montgomery,  "William,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Third  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795. 

Montgomery,  ^ATilliam,  was  born  in  Guilford 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1791;  studied  medicine, 
and  practised  in  Orange  County;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1824-1827  and  1829-1834;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  191 
majority  over  Barringer;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,910  votes 
against  2,553  votes  for  G.  W.  Hayward,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  7, 1835,  until  March  3, 1841,  when 
he  declined  a  re-election;  died  November  27,  1844. 

Montgomery,  "William,  was  born  at  Canton, 
Pennsylvania,  April  11,  1819;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Washington  College  in  1839; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Washington,  Pennsylvania; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,250  votes  against  9,411  votes  for  Jonathan  Knight, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,254  votes  against  5,798  votes  for 
Jonathan  Knight,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801;  died  at  Washington, 
Pennsylvania,  May  2,  1870. 

Moor,  Wyman  B.  S.,  was  born  at  Waterville, 
Maine,  November  3, 1814;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Waterville  College ;  studied  law  at 
Cambridge;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Bangor ;  was  a  member1  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1839;  was  State 
attorney-general.  1844-1848 ;  was  appointed  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Maine  (in  place  of  John  Fair- 
field,  deceased),  serving  from  January  17,  1848,  to 
June  12,  1848,  when  his  successor  took  his  seat;  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  consul-general  for 
British  America,  serving  1857-1801 ;  died  at  Lynch- 
burg,  Virginia,  February  10,  1869. 

Moore,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Rockbridge  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  received  an  academical  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  First 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third, 
and  Fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  March  4,  1789, 
to  March  3,  1797;  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  Thomas  Lewis  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving 
from  March  5,  1804,  to  November  6,  1804,  when  he 
was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia 
(in  place  of  Wilson  Gary  Nicholas,  resigned);  was 
subsequently  elected  a  United-States  senator  (in  place 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


539 


of  Abraham  B.  Venable,  resigned),  serving  from  De 
cember  17,  1804,  to  March  3, 1809;  died  May  24, 1821. 

Moore,  Eliakim  Hastings,  was  born  in 
Worcester  County,  Massachusetts,  June  10,  1812;  re 
moved  to  Athens  County  with  his  father's  family  in 
1817;  received  a  common-school  education;  was 
county-surveyor  of  Athens  County  1836-1846;  was 
auditor  of  Athens  County  1846-1800 ;  was  a  director 
and  then  president  for  many  years  of  the  Athens 
branch  of  the  State  Bank  of  Ohio,  and  subsequently 
of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Athens,  which  he 
organized;  was  appointed  in  1862  a  collector  of  in 
ternal  revenue,  from  which  office  he  was  removed  by 
Andrew  Johnson  in  1866 ;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  13,773  votes  against  12,817 
votes  for  Follett,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 
1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Moore,  Ely,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  received  a 
public-school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing: 
edited  a  paper  at  New  York  devoted  to  the  advance 
ment  of  labor ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
16,673  votes  against  15,923  votes  for  Wheeler,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  29,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  18,843  votes  against 
20,454  votes  for  James  Monroe,  Whig;  was  appointed 
by  President  Polk  Indian  agent,  and  by  President 
Pierce  register  of  a  laud-office  in  Kansas ;  died  Janu- 
arv  26,  1860. 

Moore,  Gabriel,  was  born  in  Stokes  County, 
North  Carolina ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Huntsville,  Alabama;  held  sev 
eral  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress ;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth 
Congresses  without  opposition;  was  governor  of 
Alabama  1829-1831 ;  was  a  United-States  senator 
from  Alabama,  serving  December  5,  1831-March  3, 
1837 :  died  at  Caddo,  Texas,  June  9,  1844. 

Moore,  Heman  Allen,  was  born  at  Plainfield, 
Vermont,  in  1810;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law  at  Rochester,  New  York ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Columbus, 
Ohio ;  was  State  adjutant-general ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
April  3,  1844,  when  he  died  at  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Moore,  Henry  B.,  was  born  at  Goshen,  New 
York.  April  13,  1817;  removed  with  his  parents  to 
New-York  City  in  1828;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  apprenticed  to  a  merchant  tailor,  and, 
on  attaining  his  majority,  engaged  in  business  on  his 
own  account;  removed  to  Philadelphia,  and  became 
interested  in  the  marble  and  mahogany  business 
with  Mr.  Eckstein,  his  father-in-law;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,862  votes  against 
6,097  votes  for  Hallowell,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,604  votes 
against  5,338  votes  for  Lundy,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  for 
several  years  State  treasurer  of  Pennsylvania. 

Moore,  Je333  H.,  was  born  near  Lebanon,  St. 
Clair  County,  Illinois,  April  22,  1817;  graduated  at 
McKeudree  College,  Lebanon,  Illinois,  in  1842;  en 
tered  upon  the  profession  of  teaching,  which  he  pur 
sued  for  thirteen  years,  during  which  time  he  was  at 
the  head  of  three  literary  institutions  in  the  West; 
he  also  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
never  practised;  in  1862  he  raised  the  One  Hundred 
and  Fifteenth  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  of  which 
he  was  commissioned  colonel ;  during  the  last  year  of 
the  war  he  commanded  the  Second  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Fourth  Army  Corps,  of  the  Department  of 
the  Cumberland,  and  in  April,  1865,  he  received  the 
brevet  of  brigadier-general ;  he  has  been  an  ordained 


minister  of  the  Methodist-Episcopal  Church  since 
1849;  and  he  was  presiding  elder  of  the  Decatur 
District,  Illinois  Conference,  in  1868,  when  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  22,321  votes 
against  17,171  votes  for  Brewer,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
14,089  votes  against  13,418  votes  for  Andrew  J. 
Hunter,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1873. 

Moore,  John,  was  born  in  Berkeley  County, 
Virginia,  in  1788;  received  an  academical  education; 
removed  to  Franklin,  Louisiana;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1825-1834;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress  (in  place  of  Rice  Garland,  resigned) 
as  a  Whig,  defeating  Whin,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  17, 1840,  to  March  3, 1843 ;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1849; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  5,852  votes  against  5,379  votes  for 
Isaac  E.  Morse,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Convention  which  adopted  the  ordinance  of  secession 
in  1861 ;  died  at  Franklin,  Louisiana,  June  17,  1867. 

Moore,  Laban  T.,  was  born  in  Cabell  County, 
Virginia,  January  13,  1829;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Louisa,  Kentucky ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  National  American,  receiving  8,505 
votes  against  8,227  votes  for  J.  W.  Moore,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Moore,  Nicholas  R.,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth, 
Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1811;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twelfth  Congress ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  died  at  Balti 
more,  Maryland,  March  9,  1816. 

Moore,  Oscar  P.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  resided  at  Portsmouth ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,865 
votes  against  4,706  votes  for  Davis,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  was 
defeated  as  the  American  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  4,326  votes  against  7,403 
votes  for  Miller,  Democrat,  and  5,633  votes  for  Hoff 
man,  Republican. 

Moore,  Robert,  was  born  in  Washington  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania;  received  an  academical  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Fifteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to 
March  3,  1821. 

Moore,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Cumberland  Coun 
ty,  New  Jersey;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  medicine;  was  licensed,  and  practised  at 
Doylestown,  Pennsylvania ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Samuel  D.  Ingham,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  November  16,  1818,  to  May 
20,  1822,  when  he  resigned;  died  at  Doylestown, 
Pennsylvania,  February  18,  1861. 

Moore,  S.  McDowell,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Lex 
ington;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
1,757  votes  against  1,695  votes  for  Robert  Craig,  State- 
rights  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1835 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-thirdX^ongress  by  Robert  Craig,  State- 
rights  Democrat,  who  received  1,160  majority;  served 
in  the  Confederate  army. 
Moore,  Sydenham,  was  born  in  Rutherford 


540 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


County,  Tennessee;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  University  of  Alabama;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Greeusborough,  Alabama;  was  judge  of  the 
Greene-county  Court,  and  then  of  the  Circuit  Court; 
served  in  the  war  against  Mexico  as  captain  in  Colo 
nel  Coffey's  regiment  of  Alabama  infantry  June, 
1846-June,  1847;  was  elected  brigadier-general  of 
Alabama  militia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
defeating  William  R.  Smith;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  January  21,  1861,  when  he  retired  from  the 
House  on  the  secession  of  Alabama;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  colonel  of  the  Eleventh  Alabama 
Infantry,  and  served  through  the  war. 

Moore,  Thomas,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Seventh  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and 
Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1801, 
to  March  3, 1813 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1817. 

Moore,  Thomas  L.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academical  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  George  L.  Strother, 
resigned),  receiving  1,771  votes  against  1,702  votes  for 
Craig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
receiving  373  majority  over  Mark  A.  Smith,  serving 
from  November  13,  1820,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Moore,  Thomas  P.,  was  born  in  Charlotte 
County,  Virginia,  in  1795;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  an  officer  in  the  war  with  Great 
Britain  of  1812;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and 
Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  until  March  3, 1829;  was  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  minister  plenipotentiary  to  the  United  States 
of  Colombia  March  13,  1829,  and  served  until  April 
16, 1833 ;  returned  to  Kentucky,  and  received  a  certifi 
cate  of  election  as  a  representative  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  having  received  3,099 
votes  against  3,055  votes  for  R.  P.  Letcher,  Whig, 
but  the  House,  after  much  discussion,  rejected  some 
of  the  votes  given  to  each  candidate,  and  declared 
that  Letcher  had  eleven  majority;  was  appointed 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Third  United-States  Dra 
goons  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  serving  from  March  3, 
1847,  to  July  31,  1848;  was  a  delegate  from  Mercer 
County  to  the  Kentucky  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1849-1850;  and  died  at  Harrodsburg,  Kentucky, 
July  21,  1853. 

Moore,  William,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Pennsylvania,  December  25,  1810;  received 
a  public-school  education;  was  interested  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits  and  iron-works;  was  judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  for  Atlantic  County  from  1855  to 
1865 ;  was  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  12,468  votes  against  9,108  votes 
for  Slape,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  15,214  votes  against  11,539  votes 
for  Bayard,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 1867,  to 
March  3,  1871;  died  at  May's  Landing,  New  Jersey, 
April  2(5,  1878. 

Moore,  William  S.,  was  born  at  West  Bethle 
hem,  Pennsylvania,  November  18,  1822;  graduated 
at  Washington  College  in  1847;  studied  law;  was 
chosen  prothonotary  of  Washington  County  in  1854 ; 
has  been  engaged  in  the  newspaper  business  since 
1857;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,195  votes  against  13,1(59  votes  for  W. 
McClelland,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1*73.  to  March  3,  1875. 

Moorhead,  James  Kennedy,  was  born  at 
Halitax,  Pennsylvania,  September  7,  1806;  received 
a  common-school  education;  served  an  apprentice 
ship  to  the  tanner's  business,  after  which  he  became 


a  canal  contractor,  and  then  superintendent  and  su 
pervisor  on  the  Juniata  Canal ;  in  1835  he  projected 
and  established  the  first  passenger  packet-line  on  the 
Pennsylvania  Canal ;  he  was  appointed  adjutant-gen 
eral  of  Pennsylvania  in  1838;  he  constructed  the 
Monongahela  navigation,  and  has  been  president  of 
the  company  for  twenty-one  years;  he  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,539  votes 
against  4,879  votes  for  Burke,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
10,507  votes  against  6,631  votes  for  Kerr,  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  8,037  votes  against  5,678  votes  for  Hamilton, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,233  votes  against  7,013  votes  for 
James  H.  Hopkins,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  12,720  votes  against 
9,655  votes  for  Sweitzer,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Morehead,  Charles  S.,  was  born  in  Nelson 
County,  Kentucky,  in  1802 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1828  and  1829;  was  attorney-general  of  Kentucky 
1830-1835 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1838-1842  and  1844,  serving  the 
last  three  years  as  speaker  of  the  House;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,348  votes  against 
3,148  votes  for  S.  F.  J.  Trabue,  American;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,195 
votes  against  4,665  votes  for  S.  F.  J.  Trabue.  Ameri 
can,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1851 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in 
1853;  was  governor  of  Kentucky  in  1855;  was  a 
delegate  from  Kentucky  to  the  Peace  Convention 
held  at  Washington  in  1861;  died  at  Greenville,  Mis 
sissippi,  December  23,  1868. 

Morehead,  James  T.,  was  born  at  Covington, 
Kentucky,  May  24,  1797 ;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1818,  and  commenced  practice  at  Covington,  Ken 
tucky  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1827-1830;  was  elected  lieutenant-govern 
or  of  Kentucky  in  1832,  and,  after  the  death  of  Gov 
ernor  Breathitt,  became  governor  1844-1846;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in 
1837;  was  president  of  the  State  Board  of  Internal 
Improvements  1838-1841 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Kentucky  as  a  Whig  (in  the  place  of 
Crittenden,  declined),  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1847;  returning  to  Covington,  he  resumed 
his  practice,  and  died  December  28,  1854. 

Morehead,  James  T.,  was  born  at  Greens- 
borough,  North  Carolina;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Morey,  Prank,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  July  11,  1840;  was  educated  in  the  Boston 
public  schools;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1857,  where 
his  study  of  law  was  interrupted  by  entering  the 
Union  army  in  1801  in  the  Thirty-third  Illinois  In 
fantry;  served  till  the  close  of  the  war,  principally 
on  staff  duty,  with  the  rank  of  captain;  settled  in 
Louisiana  in  1866,  in  which  State  he  had  been  sta 
tioned  for  two  years  while  in  military  service,  and 
engaged  in  cotton-planting  and  the  insurance  busi 
ness;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
Louisiana  in  1868  and  1869;  was  appointed  a  com 
missioner  to  revise  the  statutes  and  codes  of  the 
State ;  was  a  commissioner  to  the  Vienna  Exposition 
in  1873 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana 
in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  9,521 
votes  against  6,713  votes  for  J.  D.  Walkins,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


receiving  14,060  votes  against  8,507  votes  for  G.  W. 
McCranie,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  For 
ty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,279 
votes  against  11,033  votes  for  William  B.  bpencer, 
Democrat. 

Morgan,  Charles  Henry,  was  born  in  Alle- 
ghuny  County,  New  York;  was  educated  in  Wisconsin 
at  common  schools,  and  at  the  High  School  at  Fond 
du  Lac;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  as  a  private  in 
the  First  Wisconsin  Infantry  upon  the  first  call  for 
troops  in  1861,  and  was  sergeant  and  sergeant-major 
of  that  regiment;  was  promoted  in  August,  1862,  to 
be  second  lieutenant  in  the  Twenty-first  Wisconsin 
Infantry,  and  was  subsequently  promoted  to  be  first 
lieutenant  and  captain,  holding  the  last  rank  when 
the  regiment  was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the 
war;  studied  law;  graduated  at  the  Albany  (New 
York)  Law  School  in  1866,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Lamar,  Mississippi;  was  prosecuting-attor- 
ney;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Mis 
souri  in  1873  and  1874;  was  elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,869 
votes  against  10,640  votes  for  C.  W.  Thrasher,  Re 
publican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  18,081  votes  against  17,357  votes  for 
H.  E.  Havens,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875. 

Morgan,  Christopher  (brother  of  Edwin  B. 
Morgan),  was  born  at  Aurora,  New  York,  June  4, 
1808;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1830;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Auburn,  New  York, 
as  the  partner  of  William  H.  Seward ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,631  votes  against 
4,464  votes  for  W.  H.  Noble,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
5,148  votes  against  4,935  votes  for  Peter  Yawger, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  6,686  votes  against 
7,177  votes  for  Rathbun,  Democrat,  and  486  votes  for 
Cuyler,  Abolitionist;  was  secretary  of  state  of  the 
State  of  New  York  1848-1852 ;  was  mayor  of  Auburn 
in  1860;  was  for  many  years  a  trustee  of  the  State 
Lunatic  Asylum  at  Utica;  died  at  Auburn,  New 
York,  April  3,  1877. 

Morgan,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Hunterdon  Coun 
ty,  New  Jersey,  1733;  was  a  farm-laborer;  removed 
to  Virginia,  where  he  was  employed  as  an  overseer; 
entered  the  army  commanded  by  General  Braddock 
in  1755  as  a  wagoner;  entered  the  Continental  army, 
and  served  through  the  Revolution,  attaining  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general ;  retired,  after  the  war,  to 
his  estate,  known  as  "Saratoga,"  near  Winchester; 
commanded  the  Virginia  militia  ordered  out  by  Presi 
dent  Washington  in  1794  to  suppress  the  Whiskey 
Insurrection  in  Pennsylvania;  was  a  candidate  for 
election  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  but  was  defeated; 
was  elected  to  the  Fiftli  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
defeating  Robert  Rutherford,  who  unsuccessfully 
contested  the  seat,  and  served  from  May  15,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1799;  his  health  failing,  he  declined  a  re 
election,  and  died  at  Winchester,  Virginia,  July  6, 
1802. 

Morgan,  Edwin  B.  (brother  of  Christopher 
Morgan),  was  born  at  Aurora,  Cayuga  County,  New 
York,  May  2,  1806 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,150  votes  against  8,99o  votes  for  How,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,684  votes  against  6,910  votes  for  Middleton, 
American,  and  1,296  votes  for  Aldrich,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
12,631  votes  against  3,085  votes  for  Richmond,  Dem 
ocrat,  and  3,644  votes  for  Fosgatt,  American,  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Morgan,  Edwin  D.,  was  born  at  Washington, 
Massachusetts,  February  8,  1811 ;  received  a  public- 


school  education ;  engaged  in  the  grocery  business  in 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  and  afterwards  in  the  city  of 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  city  council  of 
Hartford  in  1832;  was  an  alderman  of  New- York 
City  in  1849 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
New  York  1850-1853;  was  State  commissioner  of 
emigration  1855-1858;  was  chairman  of  the  Repub 
lican  National  Committee  1856-18(54;  was  chairman 
of  the  Union  Congressional  Committee  in  1864;  was 
governor  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  1859-1862 ;  was 
major-general  of  volunteers  from  September  28, 1861, 
to  January  1,  1863,  rendering  efficient  service  in  re 
cruiting  troops  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  for 
the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion,  and  down  to  the 
close  of  its  second  year,  at  which  time  he  had  raised, 
and  to  a  large  extent  equipped,  220,000  volunteers; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  New  York  as 
a  Union  Republican  (to  succeed  Preston  King,  Repub 
lican),  serving  from  March  4,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Morgan,  George  W.,  was  born  at  Washing 
ton,  Pennsylvania,  September  20,  1820;  left  college 
in  1836;  enlisted  in  a  company  commanded  by  his 
brother,  and  went  to  assist  Texas  in  gaining  her 
independence,  in  which  service  he  rose  to  the  rank 
of  Captain ;  returning  to  the  United  States,  he  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  1843  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Ohio;  in  1846  he 
commanded  the  Second  Ohio  Volunteers  in  the  Mexi 
can  war  until  the  expiration  of  its  term  of  service 
under  General  Taylor ;  in  the  winter  of  1846-1847  he 
was  appointed  colonel  of  the  new  Fifteenth  Infantry, 
which  he  commanded,  under  General  Scott,  until 
the  close  of  the  war ;  for  his  services  at  the  battles 
of  Contreras  and  Churubusco  he  was  brevetted  a 
brigadier-general  in  the  regular  army;  in  1855  he  was 
appointed  consul  at  Marseilles;  in  1858  he  was  ap 
pointed  minister  resident  at  Lisbon ;  on  the  breaking 
out  of  the  Rebellion,  as  brigadier-general  of  volun 
teers  he  had  command  of  the  Seventh  Division  of 
the  Army  of  the  Ohio ;  was  with  General  Sherman 
at  Vicksburg;  was  assigned  to  the  Thirteenth  Army 
Corps,  and  was  in  command  at  the  taking  of  Fort 
Hindman  in  Arkansas;  and,  on  account  of  his  loss 
of  health,  resigned  his  command  in  1863;  in  1865  he 
was  the  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  gov 
ernor  of  Ohio ;  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  but  the  House  gave  the  seat  to  Columbiis 
Delano,  Whig;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,614  votes  against 
12,980  votes  for  Charles  Cooper,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  14,194 
votes  against  12,047  votes  for  C.  W.  Patwin,  Repub 
lican  ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13.146  votes 
against  13,573  votes  for  James  W.  Robinson,  Repub 
lican,  and  229  votes  for  C.  W.  Townsend,  Prohibi 
tionist  ;  was  a  delegate  at  large  to  the  National  Dem 
ocratic  Convention  at  St.  Louis  in  1876. 

Morgan,  James,  was  born  at  Amboy,  New 
Jersey,  in  1756;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  as  an  officer  in  the  New-Jersey  line  during 
the  Revolutionary  war ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Feder 
alist,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3, 
1813;  became  a  major-general  of  militia;  died  at 
South  Amboy,  New  Jersey,  September  14,  1822. 

Morgan,  John  J.  (father-in-law  of  John  A. 
Dix),  was  born  in  Queen's  County,  New  York,  in  1769 ; 
received  an  academical  education ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1819;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 1821, 
to  March  3,  1825 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (in  place  of  Cornelius  W.  Lawrence, 
resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1834,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1836  and  1840; 
died  at  Port  Chester,  New  York,  July  29,  1849. 


542 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Morgan,  John  T.,  was  born  at  Athens,  Ten 
nessee,  June  20,  1824;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion,  chiefly  in  Alabama,  to  which  State  he  emigrated 
when  nine  years  old,  and  has  since  resided  there; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and 
practised  until  his  election  to  the  Senate;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  18(50  for  the  State  at  large, 
and  voted  for  Breckinridge  and  Lane ;  was  a  delegate 
in  1801  from  Dallas  County  to  the  State  Convention 
which  passed  the  ordinance  of  secession;  joined  the 
Confederate  army  in  May,  1801,  as  a  private  in  Com 
pany  I,  Cahawba  Rifles,  and,  when  that  company  was 
assigned  to  the  Fifth  Alabama  Regiment  under  Colo 
nel  "Robert  E.  Rodes,  he  was  elected  major,  and 
afterward  lieutenant-colonel,  of  that  regiment;  was 
commissioned  in  1802  as  colonel,  and  raised  the  Fifty- 
first  Alabama  Regiment;  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  in  1803,  and  assigned  to  a  brigade  in  Virginia, 
but  resigned  to  rejoin  his  regiment,  whose  colonel 
had  been  killed  in  battle;  later  in  1803  he  was  again 
appointed  brigadier-general,  and  assigned  to  an  Ala 
bama  brigade,  which  included  his  regiment;  after 
the  war  he  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession  at 
Selma;  was  chosen  a  presidential  elector  for  the  State 
at  large  in  1870,  and  voted  for  Tilden  and  Hendricks; 
was  elected  to  the  United-States  senate  as  a  Demo 
crat  (to  succeed  George  Goldthwaite,  Democrat),  and 
took  his  seat  March  5,  1877;  his  term  of  service  will 
expire  March  3,  1883. 

Morgan,  William  S.,  was  born  in  Monongalia 
County,  Virginia,  September  7, 1801;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education,  and  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  303  major 
ity  over  E.  C.  Wilson,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  appointed  a  clerk  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  1840;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1S44; 
was  appointed  to  a  clerkship  in  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment. 

Morphis,  Joseph  L.,  was  born  in  McNairy 
County,  Tennessee,  April  17,  1831 ;  was  brought  up 
as  a  planter;  was  a  Whig  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  of  Tennessee  in  1859;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  as  captain  in  August,  1801,  and  served  until 
the  surrender ;  removed  to  Mississippi  in  1803;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Mississippi  in  1805 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  of  Mississippi  in  1806,  1807,  and  1808;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,071  votes 
against  4,840  votes  for  Kellogg.  Conservative,  and 
I,4u5  votes  for  Tatum,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  serving  from  February 
23,  1870,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  appointed  marshal  of 
the  Northern.  District  of  Mississippi  by  President 
II  ay  os. 

Morrell,  Daniel  J.,  was  born  at  North  Berwick, 
Maine,  Augusts,  1821;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  removed  to  Philadelphia  in  1830;  entered  a 
counting-room  as  clerk,  and  became  interested  in 
business;  removed  in  1855  to  Johnstown,  Pennsylva 
nia,  where  he  manufactured  iron;  held  several  local 
offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  11,298  votes  against  9,979  votes  for  Johnston, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  12,100  votes  against  11,09(5  votes  for  Linton, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1871;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  10,324  votes 
against  10,335  votes  for  Robert  Milton  Speer,  Demo 
crat. 

^Morril,  David  Lawrence,  was  born  at  Epping, 
New  Hampshire,  June  10,  1772;  received  an  academ 
ical  education;  studied  medicine,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Epping  in  1793;  turned  his  attention  to 
theology,  and  was  made  pastor  of  the  Congregational 


Church  at  Goffstown  1802-1811 ;  practised  medicine 
1807-1830;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1808-1817;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  Hampshire  as  an  Adams  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3, 
1823 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  and 
served  1823-1824;  was  a  candidate  for  governor  of 
New  Hampshire  in  1824;  there  was  choice  by  the 
people,  and  he  was  elected  by  the  convention,  and 
the  next  two  years  was  elected  by  the  people  to  the 
same  office;  removed  in  1831  to  Concord,  where  he 
edited  "The  New-Hampshire  Observer;"  and  died 
January  28,  1849. 

Morrill,  Anson  P.,  was  born  at  Belgrade, 
Maine,  June  10,  1803;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  engaged  in  mercantile  and  manufacturing 
pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  governor  of  Maine  in  1855;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,000  votes 
against  7,244  votes  for  Fuller,  Democrat,  serving  from 
July  4,  1801,  to  March  3, 1803. 

Morrill,  Justin  S.,  was  born  at  Strafford,  Ver 
mont,  April  14,  1810;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  was  a  merchant,  and  afterwards  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  8,380  votes  against  5,848  votes  for 
Parker,  Democrat,  and  2,473  votes  for  O.  L.  Shafter 
and  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  13,095  votes  against  4,358  votes  for 
Chase,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  11,576  votes  against  4,800  votes 
for  Chase,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  12,555  votes  against  3,295 
votes  for  Davenport,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  11,358  votes  against 
4,785  votes  for  Davenport,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,409  votes 
against  4,793  votes  for  Ormsby,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3, 1855,  to  March  3, 1807 ;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Vermont,  serving  from 
March  4,  1807;  his  term  of  service  will  expire  March 
3,  1879. 

Morrill,  Lot  M.,  was  born  at  Belgrade,  Maine, 
May  3,  1815 ;  was  a  student  of  Waterville  College, 
Maine;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1854  and  1850,  presiding  over 
the  Senate  the  last  year;  was  governor  of  Maine  in 
1858,  1859,  and  1800;  was  elected  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Maine  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
created  by  the  election  of  Hannibal  Hamlin  to  the 
Vice-Presidency),  and  took  his  seat  January  17, 1S01 ; 
was  re-elected  in  1803;  was  appointed  in  December, 
1809,  and  afterward  elected  by  the  legislature,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  William  Pitt 
Fesseriden;  was  re-elected  as  a  Republican  in  1871, 
and  his  term  of  service  expired  March  3, 1877 ;  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Hayes  collector  of  customs  at 
Portland  in  1877. 

Morrill,  Samuel  P.,  was  born  at  Chesterville, 
Franklin  County,  Maine,  February  11,  1810;  received 
an  academic  education,  and  adopted  the  profession 
of  a  clergyman ;  in  1857  he  was  elected,  for  five  years, 
register  of  deeds  for  Franklin  County,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  same  office  in  1807 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maine  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  14,281  votes  against  9,653 
votes  for  Garcelon,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 
1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Morris,  Calvary,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Ohio,  and  lo 
cated  at  Athens;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses,  serving  from  September  4, 1837,  to  March 
3,  1843. 

Morris,  Charles,  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl 
vania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1783-1784. 

Morris,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Seneca  County, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


543 


New  York,  January  4,  1812 ;  received  a  piiblic-school 
education;  studied  law  while  teaching  school;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Penn  Yan;  was  district-attorney  for  Yates  County; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1859;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  11,615  votes  against  8,157  votes  for  Lord, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,763  votes  against  8,962  votes  for 
Barzillai  Slosson,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Morris,  Edward  Joy,  was  born  at  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  July  16,'  1815;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1836 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1841-1843 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  2,855  votes  against  2,379  votes  for  McCully, 
Democrat,  and  1,072  votes  for  Crouset,  Democrat, 
sen-ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845; 
was  chary e  d'affaires  to  Naples  January  20,  1850- 
August  26,  1853 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1856 ;  was  chosen  a  di 
rector  of  Girard  College;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  6,411  votes  against 
6,018  votes  for  Marshall,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,653  votes 
against  4,030  votes  for  Martin,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Lincoln  minister  resident  to 
Turkey  June  8,  1861-October  25,  1870.  Published 
"A  Tour  through  Turkey,  Greece,  and  Egypt;" 
"The  Turkish  Empire,  Social  and  Political;"  "Life 
and  Love  in  Norway;"  and  "Corsica,  Social  and  Po 
litical." 

Morris,  Gouverneur  (brother  of  Lewis  Morris), 
was  born  at  Morrisiana,  New  York,  January  31,  1752; 

?-aduated  at  King's  College  (now  Columbia),  New 
ork,  in  1768;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1771,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  York;  was 
soon  after  elected  a  member  of  the  New- York  Pro 
vincial  Congress ;  was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788,  but  was  not  re- 
elected  ;  was  appointed  assistant  financier  in  1781,  and 
draughted  the  act  incorporating  the  Bank  of  North 
America;  wras  a  member  of  the  Convention  which 
framed  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  in  1787 ; 
went  to  France  in  1788;  was  appointed  minister 
plenipotentiary  by  President  Washington  January  12, 
1792;  served  until  August  15,  1794,  and  returned 
home  in  1796 ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Pennsylvania  as  a  Federalist  April  7,  1800  (in  the 
place  of  James  Watson,  resigned),  and  served  from 
May  3,  1800,  to  March  8,  1803 ;  resided  for  seven  years 
at  Philadelphia;  removed  to  New  York,  and  was  ap 
pointed  chairman  of  the  canal  commission  in  1810; 
died  at  Morrisiana,  New  York,  November  6,  1816. 
He  published  "Eulogies  on  Washington,  Hamilton, 
and  Clinton,"  and  several  pamphlets  on  financial 
matters.  Selections  from  his  papers,  with  a  sketch  of 
his  life,  were  edited  by  Jared  Sparks. 

Morris,  Isaac  N.  (son  of  Thomas  Morris,  and 
brother  of  Jonathan  D.  Morris),  was  born  in  Ohio 
January  22,  1812;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Quincy,  Illinois,  in  1836 ;  was 
appointed  secretary  of  state  for  Illinois  in  1840,  but 
declined;  was  chosen  president  of  the  Illinois  and 
Michigan  Canal  Company  in  1841 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1846;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,059  votes 
against  10,294  votes  for  Grimshaw,  Republican ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
13,529  votes  against  11,648  votes  for  Grimshaw,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1861 ;  was  appointed  a  commissioner  for  the  Pacific 
Railroad  in  1869. 
Morris,  James  R.  (son  of  Joseph  Morris),  was 


born  in  Greene  County,  Pennsylvania,  January  10, 
1820;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  taken 
by  his  father  to  Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1848;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,609  votes  against  8,570 
votes  for  Theaker,  Republican ;  was  re-efected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,332  votes  against 
9,183  votes  for  Cutler,  Republican,  serving  from  July 
4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  9,564  votes  against  12,847  votes  for  T.  A.  Plants, 
Republican. 

Morris,  Jonathan  D.  (son  of  Thomas  Morris, 
and  brother  of  Isaac  N.  Morris),  was  born  in  Ohio; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Ba- 
tavia;  served  for  twenty  years  as  clerk  of  the  courts 
of  Clermont  County;  whs  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
7,135  votes  against  3,583  votes  for  Joliff,  Free-Soiler, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851; 
died  at  Connersville,  Indiana,  May  16,  1875. 

Morris,  Joseph  (father  of  James  R.  Morris), 
was  born  in  Greene  County,  Pennsylvania,  October 
16,  1795;  received  a  public-school  education;  learned 
the  wheelwright's  trade,  and  worked  at  it  until  he  was 
twenty-five  years  of  age;  was  sheriff  of  Greene  Coun 
ty  in  1824;  removed  in  1829  to  Woodsfield,  Ohio, 
where  he  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1833  and  1834;  was  treasurer  of  Monroe  County ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,321  votes 
against  4,617  votes  for  Cowen,  Whig,  and  535  votes 
for  Lee,  Abolitionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1847;  died  at  Woodsfield,  Ohio,  October  23, 
1854. 

Morris,  Lewis  (brother  of  Gouverneur  Morris), 
was  born  at  Morrisiana,  New  York,  in  1726;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1746;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was 
a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1775-1777 ;  held  the  commission  of  major-gener 
al  of  militia'  died  at  Morrisiana  January  22,  1798. 

Morris,  Lewis  R.,  was  born  in  Vermont  in 
1753;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Fifth  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  and  Seventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Morris,  Mathias,  was  born  at  Hilltown,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1785;  received  a  good  English  education; 
resided  at  Doylestown ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  defeating  Chapman  Henry  by  706  majority; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  defeat 
ing  Ruckman,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
4,138  votes  against  4,446  votes  for  John  Davis,  Dem 
ocrat;  died  at  Doylestown,  Pennsylvania,  November 
9,  1839. 

Morris,  Robert,  was  born  at  Liverpool,  Eng 
land,  January  20,  1733;  came  in  1747  to  Oxford, 
Maryland,  where  his  father  had  preceded  him ;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  was  placed  in  the 
counting-room  of  Charles  Willing  at  Philadelphia; 
went  on  several  voyages  as  supercargo,  and,  on  the 
death  of  Mr.  Willing  in  1754,  entered  into  partner 
ship  with  his  son ;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  CoAtinental  Congress,  and  a  signer  of  the  Dec 
laration  of  Independence;  rendered  important  aid 
to  the  Revolutionary  army  by  procuring  funds  for  its 
use,  and  was  superintendent  of  finance  1781-1784; 
was  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  legislature  1786; 
was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  convention 
which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution  1787;  was  a 
United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  1789-1795 ; 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


was  offered  and  declined  the  position  of  secretary  of 
the  treasury  by  President  Washington;  engaged  in 
unsuccessful  land  speculations,  which  were  the  cause 
of  his  passing  the  latter  years  of  his  life  in  a  debtor's 
jail;  suffered  much  with  attacks  of  the  asthma,  and 
died  at  Philadelphia  May  7,  1806. 

Morris,  Samuel  W.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
iu  1788;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Wellsborough ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,150  votes  against  4,550  votes  for 
William  Willard,  Whig,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1841;  died  at  Wellsborough,  Penn 
sylvania,  May  25,  1847. 

Morris,  Thomas,  resided  in  Canandaigua;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1794-1790;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Morris,  Thomas  (father  of  Isaac  N.  Morris  and 
Jonathan  D.  Morris),  was  born  in  Virginia  January 
3,  177(5;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
when  nineteen  years  of  age  to  Ohio,  and  finally 
located  at  Bethel ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
or  House  of  Representatives  1806-1830;  was  chief 
judge  of  Ohio  1830-1833;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Ohio  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1839;  died  at  Bethel, 
Ohio,  December  7,  1844.  His  life  and  writings  were 
published  by  his  son,  Rev.  B.  F.  Morris. 

Morrison,  G-eorge  "W.,  was  born  in  Vermont; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Man 
chester,  New  Hampshire ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  James  Wilson,  resigned)  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  8,240  votes  against  6,119  votes  for 
Perkins,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  2,  1850,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,777 
votes  against  8,715  votes  for  Perkins,  Whig  and  Free- 
Soiler;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,050  votes  against  4.353  votes  for 
Hughes,  Whig,  and  2.822  votes  for  Preston,  Free- 
Soiler,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1855;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,650  votes 
against  12,129  votes  for  M.  W.  Tappan,  American. 

Morrison,  James  L.  D. ,  was  born  in  Illinois ; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Belleville;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  BisselPs  regiment  of  Illinois  volunteers 
July  1, 1846-July  1, 1847;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Illinois  in  1854;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Lytnan  Trumbull,  elected  senator)  as  an  Old- 
Line  Whig,  receiving  10,756  votes  against  8,239  votes 
fur  Thomas,  Republican,  and  serving  from  December 
1,  1850,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Morrison,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Coch- 
ransville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  4,671  votes  against  4,601  votes  for  Dickey, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1853. 

Morrison,  William  R.,  was  born  in  Monroe 
County,  Illinois,  September  14,  1825;  was  reared 
on  a  farm;  received  a  common-school  education, 
and  was  afterwards  a  student  at  McKendree  Col 
lege,  Illinois ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  a 
private  in  Colonel  Bissell's  regiment  of  Illinois  vol 
unteers;  was  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Monroe 
County  1852-1854;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1855,  and  commenced  practice  at  Waterloo ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  1854-1860,  serving  as  speaker  the  last  two  years; 


served  in  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  Forty- 
ninth  Illinois  Infantry,  which  he  commanded  at  Fort 
Donelson,  where  he  was  severely  wounded;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,999  votes 
against  6,854  votes  for  Smith,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,741  votes  against  11,817 
votes  for  Jehu  Baker,  Unionist;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  11,956  votes  against  13,032  votes  for  Jehu 
Baker,  Republican;  was  again  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1870-1871 ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  13,215  votes  against  11,316  votes  for  J. 
B.  Hay,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  13,080  votes  against  8,438 
votes  for  John  J.  Rinaker,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,036  votes 
against  13,029  votes  for  Henry  S.  Baker,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Morrissey,  John,  was  born  in  Tipperary  Coun 
ty,  Ireland,  February  12,  1831 ;  came  to  this  country 
in  1833  with  his  parents,  who  settled  at  South  Troy, 
New  York;  received  a  limited  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  worked  as  a  moulder  in  an  iron-f oundery ;  went 
to  New  York  in  the  presidential  campaign  of  1848 
as  an  anti-Tammany  shoulder-hitter;  went  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1851 ;  fought  a  prize-fight  at  Mare  Island 
with  Thompson  for  $2,000  a  side,  and  won;  returned 
to  New  York,  and  fought  a  prize-fight  at  Boston  Four 
Corners  October  12,  1853,  with  Yankee  Sullivan,  for 
$1,000  a  side,  and  won  after  thirty-seven  rounds; 
fought  a  prize-fight  at  Long-Point  Island,  Canada, 
October  20,  1858,  with  John  C.  Heenan,  for  §2,500  a 
side,  and  won  on  the  eleventh  round ;  retired  from 
the  prize-ring,  and  became  the  proprietor  of  gambling- 
houses  at  New  York  arid  at  Saratoga ;  purchased  the 
controlling  interest  in  the  Saratoga  race-course  in 
1863;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,162  votes  against  6,503  votes  for  Nelson  Taylor, 
Independent  Democrat,  and  2,293  votes  for  Eneas 
Elliott,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  16,064  votes  against  4,494  votes 
for  J.  M.  McCartin,  Independent  Democrat,  and 
2,583  votes  for  George  Francis  Train,  Republican; 
engaged  in  New-York  politics  as  an  opponent  of 
Tammany  Hall ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
New  York  in  1875,  and  was  re-elected  in  1877 ;  visited 
Florida  for  his  health,  and  returned  to  die  at  Sara 
toga  Springs  May  1,  1878. 

Morrow,  Jeremiah,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
in  1770;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  the  North-west  Territory  (now  the  State  of  Ohio) 
in  1795;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  House  of 
Representatives  in  1800;  was  elected  the  first  repre 
sentative  from  the  State  of  Ohio  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving 
from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Ohio,  serving  from 
May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Monroe  ticket  in  1821 ;  was  governor 
of  Ohio  1822-1826;  was  State  canal  commissioner; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Thomas  Corwin,  resigned)  as  a  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at 
Twenty-mile  Stand,  Ohio,  March  22,  1852. 

Morrow,  John,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Ninth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1805,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Morse,  Freeman  H.,  was  born  at  Bath,  Maine, 
February  18,  1807;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1840-1844;  was  mayor  of  Bath;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-eighth 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


545 


Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843, 
to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1853  and  1856;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  13,75J  votes  against  7,378  votes  for  David 
Bronson,  Coalition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  10,552  votes  against  6,990 
votes  for  Gile,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Peace 
Congress  of  1801 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Lin 
coln  consul  at  London. 

Morse,  Isaac  Edward,  was  born  at  Attakapas, 
Louisiana,  May  22,  18l>9;  received  a  military  and  clas 
sical  education  at  the  academies  of  Captain  Partridge 
and  at  Harvard  College,  graduating  at  the  latter  in 
stitution  in  1829;  studied  law  at  New  Orleans,  and 
at  Paris,  France ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  New  Iberia;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Peter  E.  Bossier,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving 
4,138  votes  against.  3,604  votes  for  Waddell,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
4,996  votes  against  4,521  votes  for  Ogden,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2,  1844,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
•was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,379  votes  against 
5,852  votes  for  John  Moore,  Whig;  was  attorney- 
general  of  Louisiana;  was  appointed  by  President 
Pierce  minister  to  New  Granada  to  demand  indem 
nity  for  the  murder  of  American  citizens  crossing 
the  isthmus;  followed  the  fortunes  of  Louisiana  in 
her  secession  from  the  Union;  died  at  New  Orleans 
February  11,  1866. 

Morse,  Leopold,  was  born  at  Wachenheim, 
Bavaria,  August  15,  1831 :  received  a  common-school 
education  at  Wachenheim;  came  to  the  United- 
States  in  early  life;  is  a  merchant;  was  twice  elected 
a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention ; 
was  twice  a  candidate  for  Congress  in  the  Fourth 
District  against  Hon.  Samuel  Hooper ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,249  votes 
against  9.215  votes  for.  Rufus  S.  Frost,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Morse,  Oliver  Andrew,  was  born  at  Cherry 
Valley,  Otsego  County,  New  York,  March  26,  1815 ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Hamil 
ton  College,  New  York,  in  1833;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Cherry  Valley;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  10,724  votes  against  8,881  votes  for 
Gregory,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1850 ;  died  at  Cherry  Valley,  New  York, 
April  20,  1870. 

Morton,  Jackson,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Pensa- 
cola,  Florida,  where  he  entered  into  the  lumber  busi 
ness;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Florida  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1855;  was  a  deputy  to  the  Provisional 
Congress  of  the  Southern  States,  which  assembled  at 
Montgomery  in  February,  1861. 

Morton,  Jeremiah,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
sided  at  Racoon  Ford :  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  2,798  votes  against  2,381  votes 
for  John  S.  Pendleton,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  1,868  votes  against  2,367  votes 
for  Strother,  Whig. 

Morton,  John,  was  born  at  Ridley,  Pennsylva 
nia,  in  1724;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  for  many  years  a  land-surveyor;  was  a  member 
of  the  Colonial  General  Assembly  1756-1775,  serving 
the  last  four  years  as  speaker ;  was  high  sheriff  1766- 


1770 ;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  province ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
Pennsylvania  1774-1777,  and  gave  the  casting  vote  in 
the  Pennsylvania  delegation  on  the  adoption  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence. 

Morton,  Marcus,  was  born  at  Freetown,  Mas 
sachusetts,  December  19,  1784;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1804 ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Taunton;  was  clerk  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  Senate  in  1811;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
(defeating  Francis  Baylies),  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3, 1821 ;  was  an  executive  councillor  in 
1823 ;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  in  1823 ;  was  a 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  1825-1840;  was  governor 
of  Massachusetts  1840-1841,  and  again  1843-1844;  was 
appointed  by  President  Polk  collector  of  customs  at 
Boston,  serving  1845-1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1853;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
18-58;  died  at  Taunton  February  6,  1864. 

Morton,  Oliver  P.,  was  born  in  Wayne  Coun 
ty,  Indiana,  August  4,  1823;  was  apprenticed  to  a 
hatter  at  the  age  of  fifteen,  and  worked  at  the  trade 
four  years,  spending  his  leisure  in  study;  entered 
the  Miami  University,  and  graduated  in  1843;  studied 
law  with  John  S.  Newman;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1847,  and  commenced  practice  at  Centreville, 
Indiana;  was  elected  circuit-judge  in  1852;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Republican  nominee  for  governor 
in  1856;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  in  1860 
with  the  understanding  that  General  H.  S.  Lane, 
who  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  ticket,  was  to  be 
elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  in  the  event  of 
Republican  success,  which  plan  was  carried  out,  and 
he  became  governor  of  Indiana;  was  elected  governor 
in  1864;  was  elected  United-States  senator  as  a  Union 
Republican  (to  succeed  Henry  S.  Lane,  Union  Re 
publican),  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  March  4, 
1867,  until  his  death  at  Indianapolis  November  1, 
1877.  In  the  fall  of  1865  he  was  stricken  down  by 
partial  paralysis,  from  which  he  never  recovered.  He 
was  compelled  to  do  his  work  by  secretaries,  to  be 
carried  in  and  out  of  the  Senate  Chamber,  and  to 
address  the  Senate  seated. 

Moseley,  Jonathan  Ogden,  was  born  at  East 
Haddam,  Connecticut,  in  1762;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1780;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Ninth  Congress  as  a  Federalist ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth, 
Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1821;  removed  to 
Saginaw,  Michigan,  and  died  there  September  9, 
1839. 

Moseley,  William  Abbott,  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1816; 
resided  at  Buffalo ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1835,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
1838-1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  4,826  votes  against  4,113  votes  for  Vosbergh, 
Democrat,  and  367  votes  for  Phelps,  Abolitionist;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
6,810  votes  against  5,081  votes  for  Stevens,  Democrat, 
and  406  votes  for  Phelps,  Abolitionist,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  died  at  New 
York  November  19,  1873. 

Mott,  Gorden  N.,  was  born  at  Zanesville,  Ohio, 
October  21,  1812;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Zanesville;  emigrated  to 
Texas  during  its  struggle  for  independence,  and 
served  nine  months  as  a  volunteer;  returned  to  Ohio, 
and  resumed  practice;  raised  a  company,  which  he 
commanded  in  the  Mexican  war;  removed  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1849;  was  elected  judge  of  Sutter  County 
in  1850;  was  appointed  a  district-judge  hi  1851;  was 


546 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


appointed  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Nevada ; 
was  elected  a  delegate  from  Nevada  Territory  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from 
January  11,  18(54,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Mott,  James,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Seventh  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1805 ;  was  for  many  years  treasurer  of  the  State  of 
New  Jersey ;  died  at  his  residence  near  Shrewsbury, 
Ne\v  Jersey,  December  10,  1813. 

Mott,  Richard,  was  born  at  Mamaroneclc,  NCAV 
York,  July  21,  1804;  was  educated  at  the  Quaker 
Seminary  in  Dutchess  County,  New  York ;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  removed  to  Toledo,  Ohio,  in 
1858,  and  entered  into  business  there ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,253  votes  against 
5,141  votes  forCommager,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,018  votes 
against  9,157  votes  for  Edgerton,  Democrat,  and  474 
votes  for  Paige,  American,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Motte,  Isaac,  was  a  delegate  from  South  Caro 
lina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1782. 

Moulton,  Mace,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  sheriff  of 
Hillsborough  County  in  1845;  was  a  State  councillor 
in  1848  and  1849;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Moulton,  Samuel  "W.,  was  born  at  Wenham, 
Massachusetts,  January  21, 1822;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  went  to  the  South-West  when 
twenty  years  of  age;  taught  school;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Shelbyville,  Illinois,  in  1850;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1853-1859; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket  in 
1850;  was  chosen  president  of  the  State  Board  of 
Education  in  1859;  left  the  Democratic  party  on  the 
commencement  of  hostilities  in  1861 ;  was  chosen 
president  of  the  Grand  Council  of  the  Union  League 
in  1863 ;  was  elected  a  representative  at  large  from 
Illinois  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  32,611  majority,  and  serving  from  December 
4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Mouton,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Attakapas 
Parish,  Louisiana,  November  19,  1804;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Georgetown  Col 
lege,  District  of  Columbia;  studied  law  with  Judge 
Voorhies ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  his  native  parish  (then  known  as  La 
fayette  Parish);  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1827-1832;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress  by  Henry  A.  Bullard,  Whig;  was' again  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1836; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Louisiana 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of 
Alexander  Porter),  serving  from  February  2,  1837, 
until  he  resigned  March  1,  1842;  was  governor  of 
Louisiana  1842-1846;  was  president  of  the  South 
western  Railroad  Convention  which  met  in  New 
Orleans  in  January,  1852 ;  was  president  of  the 
Vigilance  Committee  of  Lafayette  Parish  in  1858; 
was  president  of  the  State  Convention  which  voted 
Louisiana  out  of  the  Union  January  23,  1861;  was 
defeated,  November  29,  1861,  at  an  election  held  for 
two  senators  in  the  Confederate  Congress. 

Mowry,  Daniel,  jun.,  was  born  at  Smithficld, 
Rhode  Island,  and  resided  there;  was  judge  of  the 
r,>urt  of  Common  Pleas;  took  an  active  part  in 

E-e-Revolutionary  movements;  was  a  delegate  from 
hode  Island  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1781. 
Mowry,  Sylvester,  was  born  at  Providence, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1830;  received  a  military  education 
at  the  United-States  Military  Academy,  graduating 
in  1852;  served  in  the  First  United-States  Artillery 
as  second  and  then  first  lieutenant  from  July  1, 1852, 


until  he  resigned  July  31,  1858;  engaged  in  mining 
in  Arizona;  was  elected  by  the  people  of  Arizona 
their  delegate  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  but  the 
bill  creating  a  Territorial  organization  failed  to 
become  a  law,  so  he  never  took  his  seat;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Buchanan  in  1800  a  commis 
sioner  to  establish  the  boundary-line  between  Cali 
fornia  and  Nevada,  and  was  superseded  by  President 
Lincoln  in  1861  on  political  grounds;  was  arrested 
and  imprisoned  at  Fort  Yuma  on  a  charge  cf  dis 
loyalty,  but  established  his  innocence;  went  abroad 
for  his  health,  and  died  at  London  October  17,  1871. 
He  published  "  Geography  and  Resources  of  Arizona 
and  Sonora." 

Muhlenberg,  Francis  Samuel  (brother  of 
F.  A.  Muhlenberg  and  J.  P.  G.  Muhlenberg),  was 
born  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  April  22,  1795; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice:  was 
private  secretary  to  Governor  Heister  1820-1823;  re 
moved  to  Pickaway  County,  Ohio;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twentieth  Congress 
(in  place  of  William  Creighton,  jun.,  resigned),  serv 
ing  from  December  19,  1828,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Muhlenberg,  Frederick  Augustus  (brother 
of  F.  S.  Muhlenberg  and  J.  P.  G.  Muhlenberg),  was 
born  at  La  Trappe,  Pennsylvania,  June  2,  1750;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  theology,  and 
was  ordained  in  Germany  as  a  minister  of  the 
Lutheran  Church;  preached  in  Pennsylvania  and 
New  York,  which  city  he  left  when  the  British 
entered;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1779  and  1780;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1780-1783; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  1790;  was  president  of  the  State  Convention 
called  to  ratify  the  Federal  Constitution;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  First, 
Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1795. 

Muhlenberg,  Henry  Augustus  (father  of 
Henry  Augustus  Muhlenberg),  was  born  at  Lan 
caster,  Pennsylvania,  May  13,  1782 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education ;  studied  theology,  and  was  ordained 
to  the  Lutheran  ministry  in  1802;  was  pastor  of 
Trinity  Church  at  Reading  1802-1828,  resigning  on 
account  of  ill  health;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty- 
fifth  Congresses  (defeating,  at  the  last  election, 
Smith,  anti-Masonic  Whig),  serving  from  December 
7,  1829,  to  February  9,  1838,  when  he  resigned ;  was 
offered  by  President  Van  Buren  the  positions  of 
secretary  of  the  navy  and  of  minister  to  Russia, 
both  of  which  he  declined ;  was  minister  to  Austria 
February  8, 1838-September  18, 1840 ;  was  nominated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1844, 
but,  before  the  election,  he  died  at  Reading,  very 
suddenlv,  August  12,  1844. 

Muhlenberg,  Henry  Augustus  (son  of 
Henry  Augustus  Muhlenberg),  was  born  at  Read 
ing,  Pennsylvania,  July,  1823;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dickinson  College;  studied 
law  for  four  years;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July, 
1844,  and  commenced  practice  at  Reading;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  three  years;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7.543  votes 
against  3,^476  votes  for  Reiber,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  January  9,  1854,  when  he  died 
of  typhoid-fever  at  Washington  City.  He  appeared  in 
the  House  of  Representatives  but  one  day,  —  the  day 
on  which  it  was  organized.  He  published  the  "  Life 
of  Major-General  John  Peter  Gabriel  Muhlenberg," 
his  uncle. 

Muhlenberg,  John  Peter  Gabriel  (brother 
of  F.  A.  Muhlenberg  and  F.  S.  Muhlenberg),  was 
born  at  La  Trappe,  Pennsylvania,  October  1,  1746; 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


received  a  classical  education;  studied  theology  at 
Halle,  Germany,  and  was  ordained  a  priest  in  the 
Episcopal  Church  April  21,  1772,  by  the  Bishop  of 
London ;  returning  home,  he  was  placed  in  charge  of 
a  parish  in  Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial 
House  of  Burgesses  in  1774;  was  prominent  in  pre- 
Eevolutionary  movements ;  entered  the  Revolution 
ary  army  as  colonel  of  the  Eighth  Virginia  (German) 
Regiment,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general, 
distinguishing  himself  in  several  battles ;  was  elected 
vice-president  of  Pennsylvania;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1797 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from 
March*  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791;  was  again  "elected 
to  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1793,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to 
March  3,  1801 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Democrat,  but  did  not  take 
his  seat;  Avas  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  super 
visor  of  the  revenue  for  the  district,  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1801,  and  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of 
Philadelphia  1803;  died  near  Schuylkill,  Pennsyl 
vania,  October  1,  1807. 

Muldrow,  H.  L.,  Avas  born  in  Lowndes  County, 
Mississippi;  graduated  at  the  University  of  Missis 
sippi,  and  received  the  degree  of  A.B.  in  the  year 
185(3,  and  the  degree  of  LL.B.  in  1S58;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  as  attorney  and  solicitor  in  1859;  entered 
the  Confederate  army  in  1861 ;  held  various  positions 
in  the  line,  and,  at  the  close  of  the  war,  surrendered 
at  Forsyth,  Georgia,  as  a  colonel  of  cavalry;  held 
the  position  of  district-attorney  for  the  Sixth  Judicial 
District  of  Mississippi  from  1869  to  1871 ;  was  elected 
to  the  State  legislature  in  1875;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  20,597  votes 
against  6,420  votes  for  James  W.  Lee,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Muiler,  Nicholas,  was  born  in  the  Grand  Duchy 
of  Luxembourg  November  15,  1836;  received  a 
common-school  education  in  the  cities  of  Luxem 
bourg  and  Metz,  and  afterward  attended  the  Luxem 
bourg  Athenreum;  immigrated  to  the  city  of  New 
York,  where  he  was  engaged  in  business  as  a  rail 
road-ticket  agent  for  over  twenty  years ;  was  one  of 
the  promoters  and  original  directors  of  theGermania 
Bank  in  the  Bowery,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Assembly  in  1875  and  1876,  and  of  the 
State  Central  Committee  in  1875 ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,259  votes 
against  4,755  votes  for  James  Kerrigan,  Independent, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Mullin,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Ireland;  immi 
grated  to  the  United  States;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Mullias,  James,  was  born  near  the  Three 
Forks  of  Duck  River,  Bedford  County,  Tennessee, 
September  15,  1807;  was  reared  on  his  father's  farm, 
and  educated  at  public  schools;  served  an  apprentice 
ship  to  the  millwright's  trade;  was  elected  colonel 
of  militia  in  1831;  was  high  sheriff  of  Bedford 
County  1840-1846;  was  compelled  to  flee  from  his 
home  in  1802  011  account  of  his  devotion  to  the 
Union;  served  on  the  staff  of  General  Rosecrans, 
and  was  in  several  skirmishes  and  battles  between 
18G2  and  1804;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1865,  and  its  speaker;  attended 
all  National  and  State  Whig,  Union,  and  Republican 
Conventions  after  1840;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  9,448  votes  against  3,221  votes  for 
Edward  Cooper,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  Novem 
ber  21,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Mumf  ord,  George,  was  born  in  Rowan  County, 
North  Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1810  and  1811 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 


Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817, 
until  his  death  at  Washington  December  31.  1818. 

Mumford,  Gurdon  S.,  AV.IS  born  at  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Ninth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  and 
Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2, 
1805,  to  March  I}.  1811. 

Mumford,  Paul,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island; 
was  chief  justice  of  the  province ;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  May,  1775,  but  never  took  his  seat. 

Mungeri,  William,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  May  12,  1821 ;  went  to  Ohio  in  1830 ;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education;  studied  Latin 
and  German  and  the  physical  sciences  to  some  extent 
at  home;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  editor  and 
publisher  of  ''The  Findlay  Democratic  Courier;" 
Avas  chosen  auditor  of  Hancock  County  in  1846,  arid 
again  in  1848;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
Ohio  in  1851;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as 
colonel  of  the  Fifty-seventh  Ohio  Volunteers,  which 
he  had  raised;  (.airing  the  time  he  resided  in  Ohio, 
held  several  local  offices ;  Avas  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  13,524  votes  against  10,872  votes  for  Walker, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiA'ing  15,435  votes  against  10,589  votes 
for  Gussell,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1867, 
to  March  3,  1871. 

Munroe,  James,  Avas  born  in  Virginia ;  received 
a  military  education,  graduating  at  West  Point  in 
1815;  removed  to  New  York;  Avas  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  TAventy-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  20,454  votes  against  18,843 
votes  for  Eli  Moore,  Democrat,  and  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  20,862  votes  against  21,974  votes  for 
Charles  G.  Ferris,  Democrat;  remoA-ed  to  Onondaga 
County,  NeAv  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  1852-1855 ;  removed  to  New  Jersey,  where  he 
died  in  1870. 

Murfree,  William  Hardee,  Avas  born  in  Hert 
ford  County,  North  Carolina;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1801;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised  at  Edenton;  Avas  a  member  of 
the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  1805  and 
1812;  Avas  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Madison 
ticket  in  1813;  Avas  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  War 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817 ; 
removed  to  Tennessee  in  1825,  and  died  soon  after 
at  Nashville. 

Murphy,  Charles,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  removed  to  Georgia,  and  resided  at  Decatur; 
Avas  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving 
7,750  votes  against  5,601  votes  for  Stellman,  State- 
rights,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1853. 

Murphy,  Henry  C.,  was  born  at  Brooklyn, 
New  York,  in  1810;  receiA'ed  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1830;  studied  law ; 
Avas  admitted  to  the  bar  in.  1833,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Brooklyn;  Avas  county-attorney  of  King's 
County;  was  mayor  of  Brooklyn  in  1842;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,563  votes 
against  4,214  votes  for  Sillimaji,  Whig,  and  61  votes 
for  Whiting,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  Avas  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,686  votes  against  6,164  votes  for  Henry  J. 
Seaman,  Whig ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  min 
ister  to  the  Netherlands,  serving  June  1,  1857-June 


548 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


8, 1861.  He  published  several  translations  arid  essays 
illustrating  the  early  history  of  New  York. 

Murphy,  John,  was  born  at  Columbia,  South 
Carolina,  in  1780;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  South-Carolina  College  in  1808 ;  was 
clerk  of  the  Senate  of  South  Carolina  1810-1817;  re 
moved  to  Alabama  in  1818 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  governor  of 
Alabama  1825-1829;  was  defeated  as  the  Union  can 
didate  for  representative  in  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  by  Dixon  H.  Lewis, 
State-rights  Democrat;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Union  Democrat  (defeating  Dellett,  Nullifier,  by  600 
majority),  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1835;  retiring  from  public  life,  he  died  in  Clark 
County,  Alabama,  September  21,  1841. 

Murray,  Ambrose  S.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Go- 
shen ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  5,209  votes  against  4,574  votes  for  Wood 
ward,  American,  and  2,053  votes  for  Stratton,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  6,156  votes  against  5,581  votes  for  Fowler, 
Democrat,  and  3,939  votes  for  Trotter,  American, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Murray,  John,  was  born  at  Lancaster,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March 
3,  1821. 

Murray,  John  L.,  was  born  at  Wadesborough, 
Kentucky;  received  an  academical  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Murray,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Northumber 
land  County,  Pennsylvania;  received  an  academical 
education ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Murray,  William,  was  born  at  Goshen,  New 
York ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,810  votes  against  5,503  votes  for  McKissock,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,768  votes  against  6,407  votes  for  Farnhum. 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1855. 

Murray,  William  Vans,  was  born  in  Mary 
land  in  1702;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law  in  the  Temple  at  London,  and,  on  his  return 
home  in  1785,  commenced  practice ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Second  Con 
gress  as  a  Federalist;  w'as  r^-elected  to  the  Third 
and  Fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  24, 
1791,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  appointed  by  President 
Washington  minister  resident  to  the  Netherlands, 
serving  March  2,  1797-September  2,  1801;  died  at 
Cambridge,  Maryland,  December  11,  1803. 

Mutchler,  William,  was  born  in  Northampton 
County,  Pennsylvania,  December  21,  1831;  received 
an  academic  education ;  studied  law,  and  has  since 
practised;  was  elected  prothonotary  of  his  native 
county  in  18(50,  and  re-elected  in  1803;  was  appointed 
assessor  of  internal  revenue  by  President  Johnson 
in  March,  1867,  and  served  until  May,  1869;  was 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  State  Committee  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1869-1870;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,737  votes 
against  6,710  votes  for  Kachline,  Independent 
Democrat,  and  644  votes  for  W.  H.  Plumer,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Myers,  Amos,  was  born  in  Lancaster  County, 


Pennsylvania,  April  23, 1824;  received  an  academical 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1846,  and  commenced  practice  at  Clarion;  was  ap 
pointed  district-attorney  in  1847;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,404  votes 
against  11,586  votes  for  Church,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Myers,  Leonard,  was  born  at  Attleborough, 
Pennsylvania,  November  13,  1827;  received  a  liberal 
education;  studied  and  practised  law;  digested  the 
ordinances  for  the  consolidation  of  the  city  of 
Philadelphia;  was  solicitor  for  two  of  the  municipal 
districts  of  Philadelphia ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,285  votes  against 
8,243  votes  for  Kline,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,467  votes 
against  9,992  votes  for  Charles  Buckwalter,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  12,520  votes  against  11,516  votes  for  Charles 
Buckwalter,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  8,209  votes  against  7,960 
votes  for  Moffett,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  9,778  votes  against 
8,453  votes  for  John  Moft'ett,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  15,751 
votes  against  10,104  votes  for  H.  A.  Vogelbach, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  18G3,  to  March 
3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate 
for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,579  votes 
against  10,228  votes  for  John  Robbins,  Democrat, 
and  9,095  votes  for  Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Republican. 

Nabers,  Benjamin  D.,  was  born  in  Tennes 
see;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  Hickory  Flat,  Tennessee ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Unionist,  receiving  9,659  votes  against 
7,155  votes  for  Thompson,  State-rights,  serving 
from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  receiving  8,414  votes  against  8.984  votes 
for  D.  B.  Wright,  Democrat;  returned  to  Tennessee; 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1801  on  the  Bell  and 
Everett  ticket. 

Nash,  Abner,  was  born  in  Prince  Edward 
County,  Virginia;  received  a  legal  education,  and 
practised ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons 
of  North  Carolina  in  1777,  1778,  1782,  and  17S5;  was 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1779-1780,  but  was  de 
feated  when  a  candidate  for  re-election  by  Thomas 
Burke;  was  a  delegate  from  North  Carolina  to  the 
Continental  Congress  from  1782  until  he  died,  on  his 
way  to  Philadelphia,  at  New  York,  December  2, 
1786. 

Nash,  Charles  E.,  was  born  at  Opelousas, 
Louisiana;  received  a  common-school  education  at 
.New  Orleans;  was  a  bricklayer  by  trade;  enlisted  as 
private  in  the  Eighty-third  Regiment  United-States 
Chasseurs  d'Afrique  April  20,  1863,  and  was  pro 
moted  until  he  became  acting  sergeant-major  of  the 
regiment ;  lost  a  leg  at  the  storming  of  Fort  Blake- 
ley,  and  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  army 
May  30,  1865;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,156  votes  against  12,085  votes  for 
Joseph  M.  Moore,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  11,147  votes  against  15,520  votes  for  Edward 
White  Robertson,  Democrat. 

Naudain,  Arnold,  was  born  in  Delaware;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  1806 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Delaware  (in  place  of  Louis  McLane,  resigned) 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  January  13,  1830,  to  June 
16,  1S30,  when  he  resigned;  died  at  Odessa,  Dela 
ware,  January  4,  1872. 

Naylor,  Charles,  was  born  in  Philadelphia 
County,  Pennsylvania,.  October  6,  1806 ;  received  an. 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


549 


academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1828,  and  commenced  practice  at  Phila 
delphia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (m  place  of 
Francis  J.  Harper,  deceased)  as  a  Whig,  defeating 
C.  J.  Ingersoll  by  900  majority;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,009  votes 
against  5,894  votes  for  C.  J.  Ingersoll,  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  captain  of  a  company 
of  volunteers,  and  subsequently  as  governor  of  the 
national  palace;  died  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 
December  24,  1872. 

Neal,  Henry  S.,  was  born  at  Gallipolis,  Ohio, 
August  25,  1828;  graduated  at  Marietta  College  in 
1847;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1851;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1801,  and 
re-elected  in  1863;  was  appointed  consul  to  Lisbon, 
Portugal,  in  18G9 ;  by  the  resignation  of  the  minister 
resident,  became  charge  d'affaires  in  December, 
1869 ;  in  July,  1870,  resigned ,  and  returned  to  Ohio ; 
was  elected  delegate  to  the  Ohio  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1873;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  15,213  votes  against  14,639  votes  for 
John  L.  Vance,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Neal,  Lawrence  Talbott,  was  born  at  Parkers- 
burg,  Virginia  (now  West  Virginia),  September  22, 
1844;  was  educated  at  the  Asbury  Academy  at  that 
place;  removed  to  Chillicothe  in  1804;  studied  law 
there,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Ohio  in  1866;  was  solicitor  of  the  city  of 
Chillicothe  from  April,  1867,  to  April,  1868,  and  de 
clined  a  re-election  ;  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  legisla 
ture  in  1867;  served  two  years,  and  declined  a  re 
election;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  of  Ross 
County  in  1870,  and  held  that  office  until  October, 
1872,  when  he  resigned;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  13,379  votes  against  12,106  votes 
for  J.  T.  Wilson,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,333  votes  against  9,108  votes  for  Gordon,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Neale,  Raphael,  was  born  in  St.  Mary's  County, 
Maryland ;  resided  at  Leonardstown ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
receiving  207  majority  over  Stonestreet;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  at  Leon 
ardstown  October  19,  1833. 

Negley,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Alleghany 
County,  Pennsylvania,  December  22,  1826;  was  edu 
cated  at  the  Western  University;  served  in  the  Mexi 
can  war  in  the  First  Pennsylvania  Volunteers: 
entered  the  Union  army  as  brigadier-general  April 
19, 1861 ;  organized  and  equipped  a  brigade  of  troops, 
with  a  battery  of  artillery,  and  joined  General  Sher 
man  with  his  brigade  in  October,  1861 ;  received 
special  commendation  for  the  manner  in  which  he 
defended  Nashville  in  1862 ;  was  promoted  to  major- 
general  for  defeating  Breckinridge's  corps  at  the 
battle  of  Stone  River,  and  for  gallantry  on  that  field ; 
participated  with  credit  in  the  campaigns  of  Tulla- 
homa,  Alabama,  and  Georgia,  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,175  votes 
against  10,696  votes  for  Burt,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
11,230  votes  against  8,018  votes  for  J.  H.  Hopkins, 
Democrat,  and  4,372  votes  for  Frew,  Independent 
candidate;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  17,248  votes  against  10,930  votes 
for  J.  King,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March's,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
7,777  votes  against  10,091  votes  for  James  H.  Hop 


kins,  Democrat,  and  213  votes  for  Thomas  Howard, 
Independent  Republican. 

Neilson,  John,  was  born  near  New  Brunswick, 
New  Jersey,  March  11,  1745;  received  an  academic 
education  at  Philadelphia;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  at  New  Brunswick  1769-1775;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  captain  of  a  company  of 
minute-men  in  1775;  was  appointed  colonel,  August 
31,  1775,  of  a  regiment  of  minute-men,  and  was  ac 
tively  engaged  in  repelling  British  inroads  until 
September,  1780,  when  he  was  made  deputy  quarter 
master-general  for  New  Jersey ;  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1779; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention  to  ratify  the 
Federal  Constitution;  died  near  New  Brunswick, 
New  Jersey,  March  3,  1833. 

Nelson,  Homer  A.,  was  born  at  Poughkeepsie, 
New  York,  August  31,  1829;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Poughkeepsie;  was  judge 
of  Dutchess  County  1S59-1861 ;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-ninth 
New-York  Volunteer  Infantry,  which  he  resigned  in 
1863 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  10,712  votes  against  9^512  votes  for  Beale,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1865 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,559  votes 
against  12,229  votes  for  John  H.  Ketcham,  Repub 
lican;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1867 ;  was  secretary  of  state  of  the 
State  of  New  York  1867-1870. 

Nelson,  Hugh,  was  born  in  Virginia;  received 
an  academical  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  its  speaker;  was  a 
judge  of  the  General  Court;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Pinckney  ticket  in  1809;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twelfth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth, 
Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  Jan 
uary  14,  1823,  when  he  resigned ;  was  minister  to 
Spain  January  15,  1823-November  23,  1824;  died  at 
his  country-seat,  in  Albemarle  County,  Virginia, 
March  18,  1836. 

Nelson,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Rowley,  Mas 
sachusetts,  September  14,  1769;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1790 ; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Newburyport, 
Massachusetts;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Six 
teenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1825; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress, 
serving  from  December  0,  1832,  to  March  2,  1833; 
died  at  Newburyport,  Massachusetts,  October  2,  1838. 

Nelson,  John  (son  of  Roger  Nelson),  was  born 
at  Frederick  Town,  Maryland,  June  1, 1791 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary 
College  in  1811;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1813,  and  commenced  practice  at  Frederick 
Town,  Maryland ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  appointed 
minister  to  Naples,  serving  October  24,  1831-October 
15,  1832;  was  appointed  attorney-general  of  the  Unit 
ed  States  by  President  Tyler,  serving  July  1,  1843- 
March  3, 1845 ;  died  at  Baltimore,  Maryland,  January 
8,  1860. 

Nelson,  Roger  (son  of  John  Nelson),  was  born 
at  Frederick  Town,  Maryland ;  served  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  war,  attaining  the  rank  of  brigadier-general, 
and  was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Camden ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Frederick  Town;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Eighth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Daniel  Heister,  deceased) ;  was  re-elected  to  the 


550 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from 
November  6, 1804,  to  May  14,  1810,  when  he  resigned 
to  accept  the  appointment  of  associate  justice  of  the 
Fifth  Judicial  Circuit  of  Maryland  (in  the  place  of 
W.  Clagett,  deceased);  died  at  Frederick  Town, 
Maryland,  June  7,  1815. 

Nelson,  Thomas,  jun.,  was  born  at  York,  Vir 
ginia,  December  2(5,  1738;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Trinity  College,  England;  while 
on  his  passage  home,  he  was  elected,  although  scarce 
of  age,  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses;  was  a 
member  of  the  First  Provincial  Convention  at  Wil- 
liamsburg  in  August,  1774;  was  a  delegate  from 
Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1777;  was 
appointed,  in  August,  1777,  commander  of  the  State 
forces,  and  raised  a  company  of  cavalry,  with  which 
he  repaired  to  Philadelphia;  was  again  a  delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1779-1780;  was  governor 
of  Virginia  1781,  and  participated  in  the  siege  of 
Yorktown ;  his  constitution  having  become  impaired, 
he  passed  the  remainder  of  his  days  in  retirement 
and  poverty,  dying  near  Yorktown,  Virginia,  Janu- 
arv  4,  1789. 

Nelson,  Thomas  A.  R.,  was  born  in  East 
Tennessee;  received  an  academical  education;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Knoxville,  Tennessee;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Fillmore  commissioner  to 
China  March  6,  1851,  but  did  not  go  there,  and 
resigned  July  2,  1851;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Unionist,  receiving  7,931  votes  against  7,827  votes  for 
Haynes,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
to  March  3, 18G1 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  but  prevented  by  the  Confederates  from 
going  to  Washington  to  take  his  seat;  was  a  delegate 
from  Tennessee  to  the  National  Union  Convention 
at  Philadelphia  in  1866;  was  one  of  President  John 
son's  counsel  before  the  Senate  sitting  as  a  court  of 
impeachment  in  18(i8;  was  a  delegate  from  Tennessee 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  New  York 
July  4,  1868;  died  at  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  August 
8,  1873. 

Nelson,  Thomas  M.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1782;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  captain  of  the 
Tenth  Regular  Infantry,  and  major  of  the  Thirtieth 
and  the  Eighteenth  Infantry;  was  reduced  to  the 
rank  of  captain  on  the  re-organization  of  the  army 
after  the  war,  and  resigned  May  15,  1815 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Thomas  Gholson,  deceased)  as 
a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1816,  to  March  3,  1819; 
declined  a  re-election ;  died  near  Columbus,  Georgia, 
November  10,  1853. 

Nelson,  William,  was  born  at  Clinton,  New 
York,  June  29,  1784;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Peekskill,  New  York; 
was  district-attorney  for  the  counties  of  Putnam, 
Rockland,  and  Westchester  for  thirty  years ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1819  and  1820,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1823;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 


serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851; 
died  at  Peekskill,  New  York,  October  2,  1869. 

Nes,  Henry,  was  born  at  York,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1799;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  medi 
cine,  and  practised  for  many  years;  filled  several 
local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  an  Inde 
pendent,  receiving  4,016  votes  against  3,413  votes  for 
Small,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1845 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  as  a  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 


first  Congress,  receiving  6,599  votes  against  5.989 
votes  for  J.  C.  Danner,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1847,  to  September  10,  1850,  when  he  died 
at  York,  Pennsylvania. 

Nesbitt,  William,  of  Spartanburg,  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  defeating  James  McKidden  and  William 
Rice,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3, 
1819. 

Nesmith,  James  W.,  Avas  born  in  Washington 
County,  Maine,  July  23,  1820;  he  was  taken  when 
young  to  New  Hampshire,  then  to  Ohio,  then  to 
Missouri,  receiving  no  education,  and  in  1843  he 
crossed  the  plains  to  Oregon ;  was  the  captain  in 
1848,  and  again  in  1853,  of  expeditions  against  hostile 
Indians;  was  appointed  United-States  marshal  for 
Oregon  in  1853,  but  resigned  in  1855  to  command  a 
regiment  of  volunteers;  was  appointed  superintend 
ent  of  Indian  affairs  for  Oregon  and  Washington 
Territories  in  1857 ;  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States,  taking  his  seat  March  4,  1861,  and 
serving  six  years ;  was  appointed  minister  to  Austria, 
but  the  nomination  was  not  confirmed;  settled  in 
Oregon  as  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  was  road-super 
visor  in  Polk  County  in  1868,  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Oregon  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
death  of  J.  G.  Wilson),  receiving  8,193  votes  against 
6,123  votes  for  H.  Smith,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Neville,  Joseph,  was  born  in  1730 ;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  army;  was  a  commissioner  to  run 
the  bgundary-line  between  Virginia  and  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1793,  to  March  3,  1795 ;  died  in  Hardy  County,  Vir 
ginia,  March  4,  1819. 

New,  Anthony,  was  born  in  Gloucester  County, 
Virginia,  in  1747 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Third  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  and 
Eighth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to 
March  3,  1805;  removed  to  Elkton,  Kentucky;  was 
again  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,675 
votes  against  738  votes  for  Matthew  Lyon,  Federal 
ist,  serving  from  November  4, 1811,  to  March  3,  1813; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  8,  1819;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  near  Elk- 
ton,  Todd  County,  Kentucky,  March  2,  1833. 

New,  Jeptha  D.,  was  born  at  Vernon,  Indiana, 
November  28,  1830;  was  educated  at  Vernon  Acade 
my  and  Bethany  College,  Virginia;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  until  1864,  serving 
two  years  of  that  time  as  district  prosecuting-attor- 
ney;  was  elected  in  1864  judge  of  the  District  Court 
of  Common  Pleas,  and  served  until  the  expiration  of 
his  term  in  1868,  when  he  resumed  practice ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,683  votes 
against  12,383  votes  for  W.  J.  Robinson,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Newbold,  Thomas,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  18,705  votes  against 
14,702  votes  for  his  Federal  opponent;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  October  26, 
1807,  to  March  3,  1813;  died  in  Burlington  County, 
New  Jersey,  of  apoplexy,  December  4,  1823. 

Newcomb,  Carman  A.,  was  born  in  Mercer 
County,  Pennsylvania,  July  1,  1830;  received  an  aca 
demic  education ;  studied  and  practised  law;  went  to 
Iowa,  where  he  was  a  judge  for  five  years;  went  to 
Missouri;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  the 
State  of  Missouri  in  1865  and  1866;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Radical,  receiving  9,564  votes  against  6,254  votes 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


551 


for  his  opponent,  serving,  from  March  4,  1867,  to 
March  3,  1809. 

Newell,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Eutgers 
College  in  1836;  studied  medicine,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Allentown;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  9,877  votes  against  8,382  votes  for  Potts, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 

3,  1851;  was  governor  of  New  Jersey  1856-1860;  was 
a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  National  Repub 
lican  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1864;   was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,453  votes  against  13,091  votes  for 
George  Middleton,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 

4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  13,476  votes  against  13,825  votes  for  Haight,  Dem 
ocrat  ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
governor  of  New  Jersey  by  G.  B.  McClellan  in  1877. 

Newhard,  Peter,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Allentown;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  4,636  votes  against  3,878  votes 
for  W.  C.  Livingston,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  2,289  votes 
against  2,013  votes  for  King,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Newman,  Daniel,  was  born  in  North  Carolina ; 
was  appointed  ensign  of  the  Fourth  United-States 
Infantry  March  2,  1799;  promoted  to  be  first  lieu 
tenant  November  1,  1799,  and  resigned  January  1, 
1802;  commanded  the  Georgia  volunteers  in  the  wars 
with  the  Creek  and  Florida  Indians  1812-1814,  re 
ceiving  several  wounds ;  carried  on  his  plantation  near 
McDonough,  Georgia;  was  major-general  of  militia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833; 
was  State  inspector-general  of  militia;  died  in  Walker 
County,  Georgia,  January  16,  1851. 

Newsham,  Joseph  Parkinson,  was  born  in 
Monroe  County,  Illinois,  in  1839;  educated  himself; 
was  a  clerk  in  a  store  for  two  years ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  Supreme  Courts  of  the 
States  of  Illinois  and  Missouri  in  1860;  practised  law 
at  the  St.  Louis  bar;  entered  the  Union  army  on  the 
staff  of  General  Fremont ;  was  af terwaids  on  that  of 
General  Smith  during  his  entire  campaign  from  Pa- 
ducah,  Kentucky,  to  Shiloh;  was  adjutant  of  the 
Thirty-second  Missouri  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  re 
signed  July  4, 1864;  removed  the  same  year  to  Louisi 
ana,  and  took  an  active  part  in  reconstruction;  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Halm  clerk  of  the  Fourth  Dis 
trict  Court  for  Ascension  Parish ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  Louisiana  in  1865 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Reconstruction  Convention  of  1867  and  1868;  found 
ed  and  edited  "The  Feliciana  Republican,"  which 
was  the  first  Republican  newspaper  ever  published 
in  that  section  of  the  State;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  and  was  a  candidate  for  re-election 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress;  Michael  Ryan,  Demo 
crat,  obtained  the  seat,  but  it  was  decided  that  he 
had  only  obtained  it  by  fraud  and  intimidation,  and 
the  House  declared  Mr.  Newsham  entitled  to  it  by  a 
vote  of  95  to  75  on  the  25th  of  May,  1870,  when  he 
was  sworn  in,  serving  until  December  5,  1870. 

Newton,  Eben,  was  born  at  Goshen,  Litchfield 
County,  Connecticut,  October  16,  1795;  received  a 
public-school  education;  removed  to  Portage  Coun 
ty,  Ohio,  and  worked  on  a  farm;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Canfield,  Ohio,  as  a  partner  of  Elisha  Whittlesey; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1842;  was 
elected  presiding  judge  of  the  Third  Judicial  Circuit; 
travelled  in  Europe;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  8,277  votes  against  6,382  votes  for  Day, 


Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  4,179  votes  against 
5,752  votes  for  Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Free-Soiler,  and 
4,427  votes  for  Woods,  Democrat;  was  president  of 
the  Ashtabula  and  New-Lisbon  Railroad  Company 
1856-1859;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits. 

Newton,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Norfolk,  Vir 
ginia,  in  1769;  received  an  academic  education ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Norfolk ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  suc 
cessively  re-elected  (generally  without  opposition)  to 
the  Eighth,  Ninth,  tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thir 
teenth,  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seven 
teenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  to  March  9,  1831,  when  the  House,  by  13  ma 
jority,  gave  his  seat  to  George  Loyall,  who  had  con 
tested  it;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  defeating  George  Loyall  by  31  majority; 
died  at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  "August  5,  1847. 

Newton,  Thomas  Willoughby,  was  born  at 
Alexandria,  Virginia,  January  18,  1803;  removed  in 
1820  to  Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  to  serve  as  assistant 
secretary  of  the  Territory ;  removed  in  1832  to  Shelby 
County,  Kentucky,  and  returned  in  1837  to  Little 
Rock,  where  he  was  made  cashier  of  the  real-estate 
bank  of  Arkansas;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Arkansas  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Archibald 
Yell),  serving  from  February  6,  1847,  until  March  3, 
1847;  was  engaged  in  several  duels  during  his  resi 
dence  in  Arkansas,  one  of  them  with  Ambrose  H. 
Sevier,  afterwards  senator,  in  which  Sevier  was 
wounded ;  and  died  at  New  York  in  1853. 

Newton,  Willoughby,  was  born  in  Westmore 
land  County,  Virginia;  resided  at  Hague  Post  Office; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  170 
majority  over  Hunter,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Niblack,  Silas  N.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Florida  in  the  Forty-second  Congress,  having 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  Josiah  T.  Walls, 
serving  from  January  29,  1873,  to  March  3,  1873;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  at  large  for  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  15,881  vote's  against 
17,503  votes  for  Josiah  T.  Walls,  Republican. 

Niblack,  William  E.,  was  born  at  Vincennes, 
Indiana,  May  19,  1822 ;  was  educated  at  the  Indiana 
University  at  Bloomington;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  a  member  of 
the  Indiana  House  of  Representatives  in  1849,  and 
again  in  1863,  and  of  the  Indiana  Senate  1850-1852 ; 
was  appointed  circuit-judge  in  January,  1854,  and 
elected  his  own  successor  in  the  October  following  for 
six  years,  but  resigned  in  October,  1857,  after  having 
been  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  in  place  of 
James  Lockhart,  deceased ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  10,329  votes  against  8,946  votes 
for  Hovey,  anti-Lecompton  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  14,720  votes 
against  12,610  votes  for  C.  M.  Allen,  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
17,255  votes  against  15,905  votes  for  De  Bruler,  Re 
publican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  18,116  votes  against  16,631  votes  for  Veatch, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  17,577  votes  against  15,327  votes  for 
H.  C.  Gooding,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  19,259  votes  against 
19,127  votes  for  W.  Heilman,  Republican;  was  a  del 
egate  at  large  from  Indiana  to  the  Democratic  Na 
tional  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1864,  at  New  York 
in  1868,  and  at  St.  Louis  in  1876;  was  a  member  of 
the  National  Democratic  Committee  for  Indiana  from 
1864  to  1872. 

Nicholas,  John,   was   born  in  Westmoreland 


552 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


County  in  1763;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Third  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1801; 
removed  to  Geneva,  New  York,  and  devoted  himself 
to  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  New  York  1806-1809;  was  presiding  judge 
of  the  Oneida-county  Court ;  superintended  the  edu 
cation  of  a  large  family;  and,  after  a  long  illness, 
died  at  Gcneva,New  York,  December  31,  1819. 

Nicholas,  Robert  Carter,  was  born  in  Han 
over,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  William  and  Mary  College;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812  as  captain  and  major  of  the  Twelfth  In 
fantry,  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Forty-fourth 
and  Fortieth  Infantry,  in  the  army  stationed  on  the 
Canadian  frontier;  removed  to  Louisiana,  and  en 
gaged  in  sugar-planting;  was  secretary  of  state  of 
Louisiana;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Louisiana  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of  Charles  E.  A. 
Gayarre,  who  never  took  his  seat),  serving  from 
March  4,  1836,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  superintend 
ent  of  public  instruction  in  Louisiana;  died  on  his 
plantation  in  Terrebonne  Parish,  Louisiana,  Decem 
ber  24,  1857. 

Nicholas,  Wils9n  Gary,  was  born  at  Han 
over,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  education  at 
William  and  Mary  College;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary  war  as  commander  of  Washingington's  Life 
Guard;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention 
which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia  (in  place  of 
Henry  Tazewell,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  January  3,  1800,  to  1804,  when  he  resigned; 
was  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Norfolk  1804- 
1807 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Tenth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  Novem 
ber  27, 1809,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  a  severe 
rheumatism  while  on  his  way  to  Washington;  was 
governor  of  Virginia  1814-1817;  died  at  Milton,  Vir 
ginia,  October  10,  1820. 

Nichols,  Matthias  H.,  was  born  at  Sharps- 
town,  New  Jersey,  October  3, 1824;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  re 
moved  to  Ohio  in  1842 ;  acquired  an  education  while 
working  in  a  printing-office;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Lima,  Ohio;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  Allen 
County;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
7,648  votes  against  6,378  votes  for  Plunkett,  Whig, 
and  189  votes  for  Gilman,  Free-Soiler;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,307  votes 
against  4,377  votes  for  Dorsey,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
9,415  votes  against  9,172  votes  for  Dorsey,  Democrat, 
and  369  votes  for  Beman,  American,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859;  died  at  Cincin 
nati.  Ohio,  September  15,  18(12. 

Nicholson,  Alfred  Osborn  Pope,  was  born 
in  Williamson  County,  Tennessee,  August  31,  1808; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Chapel- 
hill  University,  North  Carolina,  in  1827;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Columbia,  Tennessee;  edited 
"  The  Western  Mercury ' '  at  Columbia  1S32-1835 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1833 
-1839;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from 
Tennessee  (in  place  of  Felix  Grundy,  deceased)  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  January  11,  1841,  to  March 
3,  1843;  edited  "The  Nashville  Union "  1844-1846; 
was  chancellor  of  the  middle  division  of  Tennessee 
1845-1851 ;  was  printer  of  the  Federal  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  during  the  Thirty-third,  and  of  the  Sen 
ate  during  the  Forty-fourth,  Congress;  was  editor 
of  "The  Washington  Union"  1853-1856;  was  again 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Tennessee,  serv 
ing  from  December  5, 1859,  to  March  3,  1861,  when  he 
retired,  but  was  expelled  July  3, 1861 ;  was  appointed 


chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Tennessee; 
died  at  Columbia,  Tennessee,  March  23,  1876.  He 
was  the  author  of  the  famous  "Nicholson  Letter," 
addressed  to  aspirants  for  the  presidential  nomina 
tion  in  1848. 

Nicholson,  John,  was  born  at  Herkimer,  New 
York,  in  1765;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Eleventh  Congress' as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811 ;  died  at 
Herkimer.  New  York,  January  20,  1820. 

Nicholson,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Laurel,  Dela 
ware,  November  17,  1827;  was  appointed  superin 
tendent  of  free  schools  for  Kent  County  in  1851 ;  was 
brigadier-general  of  militia  in  Kent  County  in  1861 ; 
was  educated  at  Dickinson  College,  Pennsylvania; 
studied  law,  and  practised  a  few  years;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,762  votes  against 
8,253  votes  for  Nathaniel  B.  Smithers,  Republican ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  9,933  votes  against  8,553  votes  for  McKim,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March 
3,  1809. 

Nicholson,  Joseph  Hopper,  was  born  in 
Maryland  in  1770;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  1, 
1806,  when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed  chief  judge 
of  the  Sixth  Judicial  Circuit;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals;  died  March  4,  1817. 

Nicoll,  Henry,  was  born  at  New  York  October 
23,  1812;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Columbia  College  in  1830;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
York;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1847;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  4,609  votes  against  4,560  votes  for 
Phoenix,  Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849. 

Niles,  Jason,  resided  at  Kosciusko,  Mississippi ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,- 
266  votes  without  any  organized  opposition,  serving 
from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3, 1875 ;  was  defeated 
as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  (Otho  R.  Singleton,  Democrat,  receiving  a  ma 
jority  of  9,652  votes). 

Niles,  John  Milton,  was  born  at  Windsor, 
Connecticut,  in  1787;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studie'd  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Hartford,  Connecticut; 
established  and  edited  "The  Hartford  Times,"  to 
which  he  contributed  for  thirty  years;  was  judge  of 
the  Hartford-county  Court  1821-1826;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1826 ;  was 
appointed  by  President  Jackson  postmaster  at  Hart 
ford  in  1829;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator 
from  Connecticut  (in  place  of  Nathan  Smith,  de 
ceased)  as  a  Whig,  and  subsequently  elected,  serving 
from  December  21,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  ap 
pointed  postmaster-general  by  President  Van  Bnren, 
serving  May  19,  1840-March  6,  1841 ;  was  again  elect 
ed  a  senator,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1849;  passed  his  later  years  in  horticultural 
pursuits ;  bequeathed  twenty  thousand  dollars  to  be 
held  in  trust  for  the  Hartford  poor,  and  donated  his 
library  to  the  Connecticut  Historical  Society;  died 
at  Hartford  May  31,  1856.  He  published  "A  Gazet 
teer  of  Connecticut,"  "The  Civil  Officer,"  "A 
History  of  South  America  and  Mexico,"  "  Life  of 
Commodore  Perry,"  and  a  large  number  of  orations 
and  addresses  on  a  variety  of  subjects. 

Niles,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  South  Princeton, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1741 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1766 ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  studied  medicine; 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


553 


studied  theology  under  Rev.  Dr.  Bellamy,  receiving  a 
license  to  preach ;  removed  after  the  Revolution  to 
Orange  County,  Vermont ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  and  its  speaker  in  1784; 
was  for  several  years  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont 
in  the  Second  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Third 
Congress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3, 
1795;  was  one  of  the  censors  for  revising  the  State 
Constitution ;  died  at  West  Fairlee,  Vermont,  Oc 
tober  31,  1828.  He  published  four  discourses  on 
"Silent  Prayer,"  two  discourses  on  "  Confession  of 
Sin  and  Forgiveness,"  two  sermons  on  "The  Per 
fection  of  God,  the  Fountain  of  Good,"  a  sermon 
on  "Vain  Amusements,"  and  "A  Letter  to  a 
Friend  "  1809;  he  also  wrote  "  The  American  Hero," 
a  Sapphic  ode. 

Nisbet,  Eugenius  A.,  was  born  in  Hancock 
County,  Georgia,  in  1803 ;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  an  act 
of  the  legislature  before  he  became  of  age,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Macon,  Georgia;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  31,857  votes 
against  30,'J57  votes  for  Junius  Hillyer,  Van  Buren 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3, 1843 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Georgia ; 
was  a  deputy  from  Georgia  to  the  Provisional  Con 
gress  of  the  Confederate  States  at  Montgomery,  Ala 
bama,  February,  1801 ;  died  at  Macon,  Georgia,  March 
18,  1871. 

Niven,  Archibald  C.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Monticello ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,162  votes  against  6,474  votes 
for  Hasbrouck,  Whig,  and  56  votes  for  Scofield, 
American,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1847. 

Nixon,  John  T.,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  New  Jersey,  in  1820;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1841; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Bridgeton,  New  Jersey;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1848-1850,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,393  votes  against  5,342  votes  for  Walker,  Democrat, 
and  3,739  votes  for  Jones,  American ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  10,843  votes 
against  9,737  votes  for  Learning,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  ap 
pointed  in  1870  United-States  judge  for  the  district 
of  New  Jersey. 

Noble,  David  A.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Wil 
liams  College  in  1825 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Monroe, 
Michigan;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michi 
gan  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,024  votes  against  9,367  votes  for  Wil 
liams,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
8,113  votes  against  11,055  votes  for  Waldron,  Repub 
lican. 

Noble,  James,  was  born  at  Battletown,  Vir 
ginia;  went  to  the  frontier  when  a  youth;  located  in 
Kentucky,  and  afterwards  in  Indiana;  was  elected 
one  of  the  first  United-States  senators  from  Indiana, 
serving  from  December  12,  1816,  to  February  26, 
1831,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Noble,  Warrea  P.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
June  14,  1821;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  to  Ohio;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Tiffin,  Ohio ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1856- 


1860;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,650  votes  against  12,096  votes  for  Carey,  Repub 
lican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  11,765  votes  against  10,523  votes  for^Wor- 
cester,  Republican,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1865 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
11,717  votes  against  13,511  votes  for  Ralph  P.  Buck- 
land,  Republican. 

_Noble,  William  H.,  was  born  in  New  York  in 
178S;  resided  at  Cato,  Cayuga  County;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1828-1830; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 1839;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  4,4(J4  votes  against  4,631  votes 
for  Christopher  Morgan,  Whig;  died  at  Rochester, 
New  York,  February  5,  1850. 

Noel,  Thomas  E.,  was  born  at  Perry ville,  Mis 
souri,  April  3,  1839;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Perryville;  was  ap 
pointed  a  military  commissioner  for  the  arrest  of 
disloyal  persons  in  1861;  was  major  of  the  State 
Loyal  Militia  1861-1862;  was  appointed  captain  in 
the  Nineteenth  Infantry,  United-States  army,  in 
1862,  but  resigned  in  1863;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Radical,  receiving  4,075  votes  against  1,858  Votes  for 
Tuttle,  Democrat,  and  659  votes  for  Leeper,  Inde 
pendent  Radical;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  2,765  votes  against  2,758  votes  for 
Scott,  Democrat,  and  191  votes  for  Lawson,  Inde 
pendent,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  October 
4,  1867,  when  he  died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri. 

Noell,  John  "W.,  was  born  in  Bradford  County, 
Virginia,  February  15,  1816;  received  an  academical 
education;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Missouri 
in  1832 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Perryville,  Missouri;  was 
clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Perry  County  1841- 
1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  four  years; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,404  votes  against  5,808  votes  for  Zeigler,  Repub 
lican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  11,191  votes  against  4,007  votes  for  Perry- 
man,  Republican,  and  548  votes  scattering,  serving 
from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  but  died  at 
Washington  City  March  14,  1863. 

Norcross,  Amasa,  was  born  in  Rindge,  New 
Hampshire,  January  26,  1824;  received  an  academic 
education ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1847 ;  has  since  been  engaged  in  practice ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
the  Massachusetts  legislature  in  1858,  1859,  and 
1862,  and  of  the  State  Senate  of  Massachusetts  in 
1874;  was  assessor  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
Tenth  Congressional  District  from  August,  1862, 
until  May,  1873,  when  the  office  was  abolished ;  was 
mayor  of  the  city  of  Fitchburg  in  1873  and  1874;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,779  votes  against  8,928  votes  for  S.  O.  Lamb, 
Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Norris,  Benjamin  "W.,  was  born  at  Mon- 
mouth,  Maine,  in  1819;  graduated  at  Waterville  Col 
lege  (now  Colby  University)  in  1843;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Free-soil 
Convention  at  Buffalo  which  nominated  Van  Buren 
and  Adams  in  1848;  was  land  agent  of  Maine  in 
1860-1863;  was  commissioner  from  Maine  of  the 
Soldiers'  National  Cemetery  at  Gettysburg;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Republican  Convention  at  Baltimore 
which  nominated  Lincoln  and  Johnson  in  1864 ;  was 
a  paymaster  in  the  Union  army  1864-1865 ;  after  the 
close  of  the  war,  settled  on  a  plantation  in  Alabama; 


554 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


was  elected  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Alabama  in  1808;  was  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  July  21,  18G8,  to 
March  3,  1869;  and  died  at  Montgomery,  Alabama, 
January  27,  1873. 

Norris,  Moses,  jun.,  was  born  at  Pittsfleld, 
New  Hampshire,  November  8,  1799 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1828;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Barnstead ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1839-1840;  was 
State  solicitor  for  Merrimack  County  in  1843;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  on  a  general 
ticket,  ancfv/as  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  until  March 

3,  1847 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1847,  and  was  chosen  speaker; 
was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1849,  until  his  death  at  Washington, 
January  11,  1855. 

North,  William,  was  born  in  New  York  in 
1853 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  aide-de- 
camp  to  Major-General  Baron  de  Steuben;  was  ap 
pointed  a  United-States  senator  from  New  York  (in 
place  of  John  Sloss  Hobart,  resigned),  serving  from 
May  21,  1798,  to  March  3,  1709;  was  appointed  adju 
tant-general  of  the  army,  with  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general,  serving  from  July  19,  1798,  until  the  army 
was  disbanded  June  10,  1800;  was  again  appointed 
adjutant-general  of  the  army  March  27,  1812,  but 
declined ;  died  at  D.uanesburg,  New  York,  January 

4,  1836. 

Norton,  Daniel  S.,  was  born  at  Mount  Ver- 
non,  Ohio,  April  12,  1829;  was  educated  at  Kenyon 
College,  Ohio ;  served  in  the  Ohio  volunteers  in  the 
Mexican  war;  visited  California  and  Nicaragua;  then 
returned  to  Ohio,  where  he  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1852,  and  commenced  practice; 
removing  to  Minnesota,  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Senate  of  that  State  in  1857,  1858,  1860,  1861,  1863, 
and  1864;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Minnesota  as  a  Union  Conservative  (to  succeed  M. 

5,  Wilkinson,    Union    Republican),    serving    from 
March  4,  1871,  to  his  death  at  Washington  July  14, 
1870. 

Norton,  Ebenezer  F.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Buffalo ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1823 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  3,  1831. 

Norton,  Elijah  H.,  was  born  in  Logan  County, 
Kentucky,  November24, 1821 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Platte  City ;  was  a  judge 
of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Missouri  1852-1860;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,797 
votes  against  8,350  votes  for  Scott,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 1863. 

Norton,  Jesse  O.,  v,-as  born  in  Vermont;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Williams 
College,  Massachusetts;  removed  to  Illinois;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Joliet,  Illinois;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1847;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1851  and  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  8,268  votes  against  8,087  votes  for  Reddy, 
Democrat,  and  1,633  votes  for  Bryant,  Free-Soiler; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
10,474  votes  against  6,216  votes  for  Drake,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857; 
was  elected  judge  of  the  Eleventh  District  of  Illinois, 
serving  1857-1862 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,604  votes  against  8,419 
votes  for  Dickey,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Na 


tional  Union  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866; 
died  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  August  3,  1875. 

Norton,  Nelson  I.,  was  born  in  Cattaraugus 
County,  New  York,  March  30,  1820 ;  was  brought  up 
on  a  farm,  attending  the  winter  schools;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits,  but  returned  to  agriculture ;  was 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  county  assessor,  and  county 
supervisor;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  of 
New  York  in  1861 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Grant  and  Wilson  ticket  in  1872 ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  in  1875  as  a  Republican  (to  till  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  cf  Augustus  F.  Allen),  receiving 
10,770  votes  against  9,139  votes  for  Charles  S.  Gary, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Norvell,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ; 
learned  the  art  of  printing ;  edited  a  newspaper  in 
Philadelphia;  removed  to  Detroit,  Michigan^  was 
appointed  by  President  Jackson  postmaster  at  De 
troit,  and  held  the  office  until  he  resigned  in  1836; 
was  elected  one  of  the  first  United-States  senators 
from  Michigan  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  January 
26,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  died  of  apoplexy  at  De 
troit,  Michigan,  April  11,  1859. 

Norwood,  Thomas  Marison,  was  born  in 
Talbot  County,  Georgia,  April  26,  1830;  received  an 
academic  education  at  Cullodcn,  Monroe  County, 
Georgia;  was  graduated  at  Emory  College,  Oxford, 
Georgia,  in  1850;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  February,  1852 ;  removed  to  Savannah  in 
March,  1852,  where  he  has  practised  law  ever  since ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Georgia  legislature  in  1861-1862; 
was  elected  alternate  Democratic  elector  for  the  State 
at  large  in  1868  on  the  Seymour  and  Blair  ticket;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Georgia  as  a 
Democrat  November  14, 1871 ;  after  a  contest  for  his 
seat  with  Foster  Blodgett,  was  admitted  to  the  Sen 
ate  December  19,  1871,  and  served  until  March  3, 
1877. 

Nott,  Abraham,  was  born  at  Saybrook,  Con 
necticut,  in  1767;  was  educated  for  the  ministry, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1787;  went  to  Georgia 
as  tutor  in  the  family  of  the  father  of  Governor 
Troup,  who  was  one  of  his  pupils ;  removed  to  Cam- 
den,  South  Carolina,  in  1789;  studied  law  there  with 
Daniel  Brown,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Charleston  May  27,  1791 ;  commenced  practice  at 
Union  Court  House,  and  then  at  his  plantation  on 
the  Pacolet  River;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Federalist 
(after  aiding  in  casting  the  vote  of  South  Carolina 
in  favor  of  Aaron  Burr  for  thirty-five  ballotings,  he 
withdrew,  and  on  the  thirty-sixth  ballot,  the  remain 
ing  representatives  from  South  Carolina  being  then 
equally  divided,  the  State  voted  blank,  and  Jefferson 
was  elected) ;  served  in  Congress  from  December  2, 
1799,  to  March  3, 1801 ;  resuming  practice,  he  removed 
to  Columbia  in  1804;  was  elected  a  law-judge  in  1810, 
and  president  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  in  1824;  he 
was  attacked  by  consumption  at  Charleston  in  Jan 
uary,  1830,  and  died  at  the  residence  of  a  friend  in 
Fail-field  District,  while  on. his  way  home,  June  19, 
1830. 

N9urse,  Amos,  was  born  in  1795;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in 
1812;  studied  medicine,  and  practised  at  Bath;  was 
a  medical  lecturer  at  Bowdoiii  College  1846-1854, 
and  then  medical  professor ;  was  postmaster  at  Hal- 
lowell;  was  collector  of  customs  at  Bath;  was  ap 
pointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Maine  (in  place 
of  Hannibal  Hamlin,  resigned),  serving  from  Janu 
ary  24,  1857,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  judge  of  probate 
of  Sagadahoc  County;  died  at  Bath,  Maine,  April  17, 
1877. 

Noyes,  John,  was  born  in  1763;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1795;  was  a  tutor  in  that  institution ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  17,593  votes  against 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


555 


10,975  votes  for  Ezra  Butler,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Noyes,  Joseph  C.,  was  born  at  Portland, 
Maine,  in  1798;  received  a  public-school  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Eastport;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1833;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig  on  the  fifth  ballot 
(defeating  Jarvis,  Democrat),  serving  from  September 
4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  by  Joshua 
A.  Lowell,  Democrat;  was  collector  of  customs  in 
the  Passamaquoddy  District  1841-1843;  removed  to 
Portland,  where  he  became  treasurer  of  the  savings 
bank;  died  at  Portland,  Maine,  July  21,  1868. 

Nuckolls,  Stephen  F.,  was  born  August  16, 
1825,  in  Grayson  County,  Virginia;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1846,  and 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  in  1854  removed  to 
Nebraska  Territory;  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
Nebraska  City,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Nebraska 
legislature  in  1859 ;  in  1860  went  to  Colorado  Terri 
tory,  and  for  four  years  was  engaged  in  mining 
and  merchandising;  from  1864  to  1867  resided  in 
New- York  City;  settled  in  Cheyenne  (then  in  Da 
kota  Territory)  in  1867 ;  and,  upon  the  organization  of 
Wyoming  Territory  in  1809,  was  elected  delegate  from 
Wyoming  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  3,301  votes  against  1,863  votes  for  Corlett, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1871. 

Nuckolls,  William  C.,  was  born  in  South  Car 
olina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  South-Carolina  University  in  1820;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Spartanburg,  South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
3,  1827,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Nugeii,  Robert  H.,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1809;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  Columbiana  County,  Ohio,  in  1811,  and 
thence  to  Tuscarawas  County  in  1828;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,281  votes  against 
9,439  votes  for  Ilelmick,  Republican,  serving  from 
July  4, 1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  declined  being  a  can 
didate  for  re-election. 

Nunn,  David  A.,  was  born  in  Haywood  County, 
Tennessee,  in  1835;  received  a  collegiate  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Brownsville;  was  a  member  of  the  Whig  party 
until  it  ceased  to  exist;  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1863  on  the  Bell  ticket,  and  again  presidential  elector 
in  1S<)4  on  the  Republican  ticket ;  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Tennessee  in  1866  and 
1867;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,057  votes  against  6,189  votes  for  J.  F.  Leftwick, 
Democrat,  serving  from  November  21, 1867,  to  March 
3, 186.1;  was  defeated  as  the  Independent  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  2,439 
votes  against  5,393  votes  for  William  J.  Smith,  Re 
publican,  and  4,082  votes  for  J.  F.  Leftwick,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,580  votes  against  5,967  votes  for  A. 
W.  Campbell,  Democrat,  4,476  votes  for  W.  P.  Cald- 
well,  Democrat,  and  1,979  votes  for  T.  H.  Bell,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1875 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  4,336  votes 
against  11,128  votes  for  William  P.  Caldwell,  Demo 
crat. 

Nye,  James  "W.,  was  born  in  Madison  County, 
New  York,  June  10,  1815;  received  a  public-school 
education,  and  was  reared  on  a  farm;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  in  Madison 
County;  was  district-attorney,  and  subsequently 
county-judge ;  was  defeated  as  the  Antislavery  can 


didate  for  the  Thirtieth  Congress;  removed  to  Syra 
cuse;  was  a  State  police  commissioner  in  New-York 
City  in  1860;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  in, 
1861  governor  of  Washoe  (afterwards  Nevada  Terri 
tory)  ;  when  Nevada  became  a  State  he  was  elected 
United-States  senator  as  a  Republican,  and  was  re- 
elected,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1873 ;  after  leaving  public  life,  his  reason  became  im 
paired;  and  he  died  at  White  Plains,  New  York,  De 
cember  25,  1876. 

Oakley,  Thomas  Jackson,  was  born  in 
Dutchess  County,  New  York,  in  1783;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1801;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Poughkeepsie ;  was  appointed 
surrogate  of  Dutchess  County  1810, 1811 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
to  March  2,  1815 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1816,  1818-1820  ;  was  attorney- 
general  of  the  State  of  New  York ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Clinton  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  1828,  when  he 
resigned;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  the  State  of  New  York  1828-1836;  on  the 
re-organization  of  the  Supreme  Court,  was  elected 
chief  justice,  serving  from  1846  until  his  death  at 
New-York  City  May  11,  1857. 

O'Brien,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Machias, 
Maine  (then  Massachusetts),  in  1768;  received  a 
public-school  education;  engaged  in  agricultural  and 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1829; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  on  the  third  trial;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  for  six  successive 
terms ;  died  at  Boston,  Massachusetts,  May  30, 1858. 

O'Brien,  T^Tilliam  J.,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  May  28,  1836;  was  educated  at  St.  Mary's 
College,  Baltimore ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1858 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  9,675  votes  against  8,346  votes  for  R.  Turner, 
Independent  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,287  votes  against 
4,834  votes  for  James  S.  Suter,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Odell,  Moses  F.,  was  born  at  Tarrytown,  New 
York,  February  24,  1818;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  ap 
pointed  an  entry-clerk  in  the  New- York  Custom 
House  in  1845  under  Collector  Van  Ness,  and  served 
continuously  under  Collectors  Lawrence,  Maxwell, 
Bronson,  and  Redfield,  receiving  several  promotions 
until  he  became  public  appraiser;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Fusion  Democrat,  receiving  13,322 
votes  against  10,870  votes  for  James  Humphrey, 
Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  War  Democrat,  receiving  8,915  votes 
against  7,506  votes  for  James  Humphrey,  Republican, 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  ap 
pointed  navy  agent  at  the  city  of  New  York  in  1865 ; 
and  died  at  New  York  of  a  cancer  in  the  mouth 
June  13,  1806. 

Odell,  N.  Holmes,  was  born  near  Tarrytown, 
New  York,  October  10,  1828 ;  received  an  academic 
education;  was  engaged  in  the  steamboat  business 
on  the  North  River;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
General  Assembly  1857-1861;  established  the  First 
National  Bank  at  Tarrytown,  of  which  he  was  the 
cashier  1862-1864;  was  elected  county  treasurer  of 
Westchester  County  in  1866,  and  re-elected  in  1869, 
and  again  in  1872;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,082  votes  against  8,301  votes 
for  Wright,  Republican,  serving  from  March  3,  1875, 
to  December  6,  1877. 


556 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ogden,  Aaron,  was  born  at  Elizabethtown, 
New  Jersey,  December  3,  1756;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Nassau  Hall  in  1773 ;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  army  with  distinction;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1800;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  Jersey  (in  place  of  James 
Schureman,  resigned),  serving  from  March  3,  1801, 
to  March  3,  1803;  was  governor  of  New  Jersey  in 
1812 ;  was  offered  by  President  Madison  a  commission 
as  major-general  in  the  army  of  the  United  States, 
but  declined  it  on  the  ground  that  he  had  been 
commander-in-chief  of  the  armed  forces  of  New 
Jersey ;  was  president-general  of  the  Society  of  the 
Cincinnati ;  died  at  Jersey  City  April  19,  1830. 

Ogdea,  David  A.,  was  born  at  Morristown, 
New  Jersey ;  received  an  academical  education ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Madrid,  St.  Lawrence  County,  New  York; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1814  and  1815;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
January  8,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819;  died  at  Montreal, 
Canada,  June  9,  1829. 

Ogle,  Alexander  (father  of  Charles  Ogle,  and 
grandfather  of  Andrew  J.  Ogle),  was  born  in  Mary 
land,  August  10,  1705;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation  ;  removed  at  an  early  age  to  Somerset,  Penn 
sylvania;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of 
Pennsylvania  1830-1812;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  pro- 
thonotary  of  Somerset  County;  died  at  Somerset, 
Pennsylvania,  October  14,  1852. 

Ogle,  Andrew  J.  (grandson  of  Alexander 
Ogle),  was  born  at  Somerset,  Pennsylvania,  in  1822; 
was  prothonotary  of  Somerset  County  in  1843;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  0,902  votes 
against  6,649  votes  for  J.  L.  Dawson,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851; 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  6,135  votes  against  6,404 
votes  for  J.  L.  Dawson,  Democrat;  was  appointed  by 
President  Fillmore  charge  d'affaires  to  Denmark 
January  22,  1852,  but  died  shortly  afterwards  of  apo 
plexy  at  Somerset,  Pennsylvania. 

Ogle,  Charles  (son  of  Alexander  Ogle),  was 
born  at  Somerset,  Pennsylvania,  in  1798;  received 
an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Somerset; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig  and  anti- 
Masonic  candidate,  defeating  Job  Man,  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  but 
died  before  taking  his  seat,  at  Somerset,  May  10, 

Oglesby,  Richard  J.,  was  born  in  Oldham 
County,  Kentucky,  July  25,  1824;  settled  in  Illinois, 
at  Decatur,  in  1835 ;  received  less  than  a  common- 
school  education;  was  a  carpenter  for  two  years; 
studied  law  in  1844,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845;  served  one  year  in  the  Mexican  war;  worked 
two  years  in  the  mines  in  California;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  of  Illinois  in  18GO,  served  one 
session,  and  resigned  to  enter  the  volunteer  service 
in  1801  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Rebellion;  was  chosen  colonel, 
afterward  appointed  brigadier-general,  and,  in  1863 
(to  take  rank  from  November,  1862),  a  major-general ; 
resigned  in  1864,  and  was  elected  that  year  governor 
of  Illinois  for  the  term  which  expired  in  January, 
1869;  was  re-elected  governor  of  Illinois  in  Novem 
ber,  1872;  entered  upon  the  duties  of  his  ofnce  Janu 
ary  13,  1873;  and  on  the  21st  of  the  same  month 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Illinois  as  a 
Republican  (to  succeed  Lyman  Trumbull,  Liberal). 
Hia  term  will  expire  March  3,  1879. 


Olcott,  Simeon,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in 
1737;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1761 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Charlestown, 
New  Hampshire ;  was  appointed,  December  25, 1784, 
chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas ;  Janu 
ary  25,  1790,  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court;  and 
March  28,  1795,  chief  judge  of  the  Superior  Court; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New 
Hampshire  (in  place  of  Samuel  Livermore,  re 
signed)  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  to  March  3,1805;  died  at  Charlestown,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1815. 

Olds,  Edson  B.,  was  born  in  Vermont;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  medicine, 
and  practised  the  profession ;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,984  votes  against  6,906  votes  for  Edwards,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  re 
ceiving  6,283  votes  against  6,110  votes  for  Van 
Trump,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  8,549  votes  against  8,480 
votes  for  Galloway,  Whig,  and  333  votes  for  Gra 
ham,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
6,390  votes  against  9,698  votes  for  Galloway,  Whig; 
was  arrested  in  1862  on  a  charge  of  disloyalty,  and 
imprisoned  in  Fort  Lafayette ;  while  there,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Ohio  House  of  Representa 
tives;  died  at  Lancaster,  Ohio,  January  24,  1869. 

Olin,  Abram  B.  (son  of  Gideon  Olin),  was 
born  at  Shaftsbury,  Vermont,  in  1812;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Williams  College, 
Massachusetts,  in  1835;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1838,  and  commenced  practice  at  Troy, 
New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  5,206  votes  against  4,758  votes  for  Gris- 
wold,  Democrat,  and  4, 108  votes  for  Fonda,  Ameri 
can;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  8,267  votes  against  5,254  votes  for  Seymour, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  8,650  votes  against  8,268  votes  for 
McConihe,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  District 
of  Columbia  in  1865,  which  he  has  announced  his  de 
termination  to  resign  September  1,  1878. 

Olin,  Gideon  (father  of  Abram  B.  Olin),  was 
born  in  Rhode  Island;  removed  to  Vermont,  and 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  State;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and  one  term 
speaker  of  the  House ;  was  a  judge  of  Bennington- 
county  Court;  was  elected  a  representative  "from 
Vermont  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17, 
1803,  to  March  3, 1807;  died  at  Shaftsbury,  Vermont, 
August  6,  1822. 

Olin,  Henry,  was  born  in  1767,  and  reared  in 
Addison  County,  Vermont;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  with  the  exception 
of  four  years,  17C9-1825;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Conventions  of  1814,  1822,  and  1828; 
was  an  associate  judge  of  the  Addison-county  Court 
1801-1806  and  1810-1824;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Vermont  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Charles  Rich,  deceased),  serving  from  De 
cember  13,  1824,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  at  Salisbury, 
Vermont,  in  1837. 

Oliver,  Addison,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1833;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Washington  College  in 
1850;  taught  school  for  two  years  in  Arkansas;  re 
turned  to  Pennsylvania;  studied  lav/  with  Hon. 
William  Montgomery;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Western  Iowa  in  1857;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


557 


1863,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1865 ;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  Fourth  Judicial  Circuit  in  1868,  and 
twice  re-elected  to  the  same  position,  which  he 
resigned  when  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receivin 
12,657  votes  against  6,808  votes  for  Whiting,  ant> 
Monopolist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  19,563  votes  against  10,583  votes 
for  Samuel  Rees,  Democrat,  serving,  from  December 
6,  1875. 

Oliver,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Springfield,  New 
York;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Union  College  in  1835;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1838,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pen 
Yan;  was  first  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
1S43-1847;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Surrogate  and 
County  Courts  in  1846 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,546  votes  against  8,529  votes 
for  Woods,  Whig,  and  290  votes  "for  Frisby,  Free- 
Soiler;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  6,880  votes  against  5,304  votes  for  Seely, 
Whig,  and  2,163  votes  for  Howell,  Free-Soiler,  serving 
from  December  5, 1853,  to  March  3, 1857 ;  was  defeat 
ed  as  the  American  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,211  votes  against  9,368  votes  for  Pot 
tle,  Republican,  and  3,897  votes  for  Ogden,  Democrat. 

Oliver,  Mordecai,  was  born  in  Anderson 
County,  Kentucky,  October  22,  1819;  received  a 
public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  commenced  practice  at  Rich 
mond,  Missouri ;  was  elected  circuit-attorney  for  the 
Fifth  Judicial  Circuit  of  Missouri  in  1848;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,612  votes  against 
4,452  votes  for  Birch,  anti-Benton  Democrat,  and 
4,243  votes  for  King,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  6,129  votes 
against  4,998  votes  for  Leonard,  anti-Benton  Demo 
crat,  and  2,787  votes  for  Lowe,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Oliver,  William  M.,  was  born  at  Springfield, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Pen  Yan ;  was  appointed  first  judge  for  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Yates  County  1823,  and 
again  in  1838;  was  a  State  senator  and  lieutenant- 
governor  in  1830;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,949  votes  against  6.170  votes 
for  Thomas  A.  Johnson,  Whig,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

O'Neill,  Charles,  was  born  in  Philadelphia 
March  21,  1821;  graduated  at  Dickinson  College  in 
1840 ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1843 ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  Pennsylvania  in  1850,  1851,  1852,  and  1860; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  8,614  votes  against  6,068  votes  for  Biddle, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,767  votes  against  7,290  votes  for 
Reilly,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  12,612  votes  against  9,475  votes 
for  Hulme,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  14,533  votes  against  11,913 
votes  for  Florence,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Independent  candidate  for  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  10.134  votes  against  11,059  votes  for 
John  V.  Creely,  Republican;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  17,253  votes 
against  9,728  votes  for  E.  Joy  Morris,  Liberal  and 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,692  votes  against  9,660  votes  for 
Benjamin  Rush,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,201  votes  against 
11,881  votes  for  Charles  H.  Gibson,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1873. 


O'Neill,  John,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  December  17,  1821;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  St.  John's  College,  Mary 
land;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842, 
and  commenced  practice;  removed  in  1844  to  Ohio; 
was  elected  in  1845  prosecuting-attorney  for  Mus- 
kiugum  County ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  12,763  votes  against  9,699  votes  for  Wright, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  7, 1863,  to  March 
3,  18(53. 

Ormsby,  Stephen,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar;  located  in  Kentucky;  was  a  judge  of 
the  Circuit  Court ;  was  a  brigade-major  under  Gen 
eral  Harmer  in  the  campaign  of  1790;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twelfth  Con 
gress,  receiving  66  majority  over  Mr.  Quinton ;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  re-election  to  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress  by  John  Simpson,  who  was  soon 
afterwards  killed  at  the  battle  of  the  River  Raisin; 
Ormsby  was  then  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress,  taking  his  seat  at  the  opening  of  the  session ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  at 
Louisville,  Kentucky,  in  1840. 

Orr,  Alexander  D.,  was  born  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  in  1765;  was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlers  of 
Kentucky,  locating  in  Mason  County ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1792;  upon 
the  admission  of  Kentucky  into  the  Union,  was 
elected  one  of  its  representatives  in  the  Second 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Third  Congress ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1797;  died  at  Paris, 
Kentucky,  June  21,  1835. 

Orr,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Bedford,  New 
Hampshire,  December  1,  1772;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1798; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1801,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Topsham,  Maine;  removed 
to  Brunswick;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  died  at 
Brunswick,  Maine,  September  1,  1828. 

Orr,  Jackson,  was  born  in  Fayette  County, 
Ohio,  September  21,  1832;  received  a  common-school 
education,  and  attended  a  part  of  an  irregular  course 
at  the  University  of  Indiana;  studied  law,  but  has 
devoted  the  last  eight  years  to  mercantile  pursuits ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  captain  in  the  Tenth 
Iowa  Infantry ;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Iowa  in  1868;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa 
in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  16.989  votes  against  5,977  votes  for  C.  C. 
Smeltzer,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  12,402  votes  against  6,152 
votes  for  J.  F.  Duncombe,  Democrat  and  Liberal, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Orr,  James  L.,  was  born  at  Claytonville,  South 
Carolina,  May  12,  1822;  was  a  clerk  in  his  father's 
store;  received  a  classical  education,  which  was  fin 
ished  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1841 ;  studied 
law  with  Judge  Whitner;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1843,  and  commenced  practice  at  Anderson,  South 
Carolina;  edited  "The  Anderson  Gazette;"  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1844;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Caro 
lina  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  4,454  votes  against  3,790  votes  for  B.  F. 
Perry,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  no  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  no  opposition ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1849,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Convention  which  voted  that  South 
arolina  should  secede  from  the  Union ;  was  one  of 
three  commissioners  sent  to  Washington  to  treat  for 


558 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


a  surrender  of  the  national  property ;  was  elected  in 
1802  a  member  of  the  Confederate  Senate,  and  served 
as  such  uir.il  the  end  of  the  war  in  1805;  was  elected 
governor  of  South  Carolina  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  9,706  votes  against  9,109  votes  for  Wade  Hampton, 
Democrat,  and  held  the  position  until  the  State  was 
reconstructed;  was  grand  master  of  Freemasons  of 
the  State  of  South  Carolina;  was  appointed  a  United- 
States  circuit-judge;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Republican  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1804;  was 
appointed  by  President  Grant  minister  to  Russia; 
and  died  at  St.  Petersburg  May  6,  1873.  He  pub 
lished  a  number  of  political,  masonic,  and  literary 
orations. 

Orr,  Robert,  was  born  in  Westmoreland  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1785;  resided  at  Kittanning;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1810,  1817;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825, 
to  March  3,  1829.;  and  died  at  Kittanning,  Pennsyl 
vania,  May  29,  1876. 

Orth,  Godlove  S.,  was  horn  near  Lebanon, 
Pennsylvania,  April  22,  1817 ;  was  educated  at  Gettys 
burg  College,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Indiana  in  1843,  1844,  1845,  1846,  1847,  and  1848, 
serving  one  year  as  president  of  that  body;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1848;  was  a  member  of  the 
Peace  Conference  in  1861;  served  as  captain  of  a 
company  of  volunteers  during  the  war  for  the  sup 
pression  of  the  Rebellion ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  12,032  votes  against  11,181 
votes  for  Pettit,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  13,536  votes  against 
12,349  votes  for  Ilarney,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  14,933  votes  against 
14,728  votes  for  Purdue,  Independent;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  16,117  votes 
against  15,600  votes  for  Manson,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7, 1863,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress  for  the  State  at  large  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  188,664  votes  against  188,502 
votes  for  M.  C.  Kerr,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Osborn,  Thomas  W.,  .was  born  at  Scotch 
Plains,  New  Jersey,  March  9,  1836;  removed  with 
his  parents  to  Wilna,  New  York,  in  1842;  graduated 
from  Madison  University  in  1800;  studied  law  in 
Watertown,  New  York,  and,  as  soon  as  admitted  to 
the  bar,  in  1801  he  entered  the  Union  army;  first  com 
missioned  as  captain  in  the  First  New-York  Artillery, 
he  afterwards  served  successively  as  chief  of  artillery 
of  the  Second  Division,  Third  Army  Corps,  as  chief 
of  artillery  to  the  Third,  Eleventh,  and  Fourth  Army 
Corps,  and  as  chief  of  artillery  of  the  Army  of  the 
Tennessee ;  was  assistant  commissioner  of  the  Bureau 
of  Refugees  and  Freedmen  for  Florida,  with  the  rank 
of  colonel,  from  June,  1805,  to  August,  1866;  prac 
tised  law  in  Tallahassee,  and  held  the  office  of  regis 
ter  in  bankruptcy;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  Florida  under  the  reconstruction 
acts;  removed  from  Tallahassee  to  Pensacola;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Florida  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  51  votes  against  18  votes  for 
William  Marvin,  Democrat,  serving  from  June  30, 
1808,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Osborne,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  at  Fairfield, 
Connecticut,  in  1797;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1817;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Fairfield,  Connecticut;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,023  votes  against  3,701  votes  for 
P.  T.  Whittlesey,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1843;  removed  to  New  Haven  in 


1848,  and  became  a  professor  in  the  law-school  con 
nected  with  Yale  College;  died  at  New  Haven,  Con 
necticut,  September  2,  1809. 

Osgood,  Gayton  Pickman,  was  born  at 
Salem,  Massachusetts,  July  4,  1797;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1815;  studied  law;  was  admitted  lo  the  bar,  and 
practised  in  Salem  until  he  removed  to  North  An- 
dover  in  1819,  at  which  time  he  abandoned  his  pro 
fession  entirely;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1829  and  1831;  was  the  Demo 
cratic  nominee  for  Congress  in  the  Essex  North  Dis 
trict  in  1832,  having  at  first  as  opponents,  supported 
by  the  National  Republicans,  Caleb  Gushing,  Jcseph 
Kittredge,  Jeremiah  Nelson,  and  Ebenezer  Bradbury, 
among  whom  the  opposition  vote  to  Mr.  Osgood  was 
divided  at  seventeen  successive  elections,  commen 
cing  in  1831,  extending  over  1832,  and  ending  in  the 
election  of  Mr.  Osgood  June  8, 1833,  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  3,272  votes  against  2,474  votes 
for  Gushing,  National  Republican,  and  202  scatter 
ing,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835 ; 
and  died  at  North  Andover,  Massachusetts,  June  26, 
1861. 

Osgood,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Andover,  Massa 
chusetts;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Harvard  College  in  1770;  studied  theology,  but, 
losing  his  health,  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Essex-county 
Convention  of  1774,  and  a  member  of  the  Provincial 
Congress;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  a  cap 
tain  at  Lexington  and  Cambridge  in  April,  1775; 
was  aide-de-camp  to  General  Ward  in  1775-1776,  and 
left  the  army  with  the  rank  of  colonel  and  assistant 
quartermaster;  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts 
to  the  Continental  Congress;  was  first  commissioner 
of  the  United-States  Treasury  in  1785-1789;  was 
appointed  by  President  Washington  postmaster- 
general,  serving  from  September  26,  1789,  to  August 
19,  1791;  removed  to  the  city  of  New  York;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1800- 
1802 ;  was  supervisor  of  New  York  1801-1803 ;  was 
naval  officer  of  the  port  of  New  York  to  his  death  at 
New  York  August  12,  1813.  He  published  a  work 
on  chronology,  and  several  volumes  on  religious 
topics. 

Otero,  Miguel  A.,  was  born  at  Valencia,  New 
Mexico,  June  21,  1829;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  St.  Louis  University,  Mis 
souri;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Albuquerque;  was  a 
member  of  the  Territorial  House  of  Representatives; 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  United-States 
district-attorney  for  New  Mexico,  but  declined ;  was 
attorney-general  for  the  Territory;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  New-Mexico  Territory  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  having  successfully  contested  the 
election  of  Jose  Manuel  Gallegos;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  serving 
from  July  23,  1850,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray  (son  of  Samuel  Allyne 
Otis),  was  born  in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  Octobers, 
1705;  received  a  liberal  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  1783;  studied  law  under  John 
Lowell;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1780,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Boston;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1796,  1803,  1804, 
and  1805,  serving  the  last  three  years  as  speaker;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1805-1811,  serving 
as  president;  was  elected  a  representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Massachusetts,  succeeding  Fisher  Ames  to 
the  Fifth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
May  15,  1797,  until  March  3,  1801 ;  was  appointed  by 
President  John  Adams  United-States  district-attor 
ney  for  the  district  of  Massachusetts;  was  a  promi 
nent  member  of  the  Federalist  Convention  at  Hart 
ford  in  December,  1814 ;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


559 


Common  Pleas  1814-1818;  was  elected  to  the  United- 
States  Senate  as  a  Federalist,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1817,  until  he  resigm  1  in  June,  1822;  was  the 
Federal  candidate  f:^r  gv>vernor  in  1823,  but  was 
defeated  by  W.  Eustis,  Democrat;  was  mayor  of 
Boston  1829-1832;  and  died  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  October  28,  1848. 

Otis,  John,  was  born  in  Maine  in  1801;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College 
in  1823;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Hallowell ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  for  five  years, 
and  was  subsequently  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ; 
was  a  commissioner  for  settling  the  North-eastern 
boundary;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine 
in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
5,274  votes  against  4,130  votes  for  Moses  Sherburne, 
Cass  Democrat,  and  2,528  votes  for  Ezekiel  Holmes, 
Van  Bureii  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 1849, 
to  March  3,  1851;  died  at  Hallowell,  Maine,  October 
17,  1856. 

Otis,  Samuel  Allyne  (father  of  Harrison 
Gray  Otis),  was  born  at  Barnstable,  Massachusetts, 
November  24,  1740;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1759;  commenced 
the  study  of  law,  but  abandoned  it,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  in  Boston;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1770;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  which  framed  the  Constitution 
of  Massachusetts ;  was  on  the  Board  of  War  during 
the  Revolution;  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  was  chosen 
secretary  of  the  United-States  Senate  after  the 
adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution,  and  filled  the 
office  with  great  fidelity  and  amenity  (without  being 
absent  from  his  desk  a  single  day  for  thirty  years) 
until  his  death  at  Washington  City  April  22,  1814. 

Outlaw,  David,  was  born  in  Bertie  County, 
North  Carolina;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  the  university  of  that  State  in  1824;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Windsor,  North  Carolina ;  was  a 
member  for  three  years  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  elected  solicitor  of  Edenton  District 
in  1830;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  3,795  votes  against  3,071  votes  for  Biggs, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  4,053  votes  against  3,477  votes  for  Person, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  2,808  votes  against  1,759  votes  for 
Martin,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  0,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1853 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candi 
date  for  the  thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  4,740 
votes  against  4,833  votes  for  Shaw,  Democrat. 

Outlaw,  George,  was  born  in  Bertie  County, 
North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  of  the  State  legislature  in  1790  and  1797. 
and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1802, 1800-1808, 1810-1814, 
1817,  1821,  and  1822;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Hutchins  G.  Burton,  resigned),  serving  from 
January  19,  1825,  to  March  3,  1825;  and  died  August 
15,  1S35. 

Overstreet,  James,  was  born  in  Barwell  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  0,  1819,  to  April  24,  1822;  he  was  return 
ing  home  from  Washington,  accompanied  by  his  wife, 
to  whom  he  had  but  recently  been  married,  when  he 
was  taken  ill  on  the  road  near  Salisbury,  North  Caro 
lina,  and  died  in  a  few  hours,  April  24,  1822. 

Overton,  Edward,  jun.,  Avas  born  at  Towan- 
da,  Pennsylvania,  February  4,  1830;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College,  New  Jersey,  in  1856;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1858;  entered  the  Union 
anny  in  September,  1801,  as  major  of  the  Fiftieth 
Regiment  of  Pennsylvania  Volunteers ;  was  promoted 
to  lieutenant-colonel  in  1863,  and  from  that  time 


commanded  the  regiment  until  mustered  out  October, 
1804;  served  as  register  in  bankruptcy  from  1807 
until  elected  in  187  i  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  10,954  votes  against  14,958  votes  for  Joseph 
Powell,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Overton,  Walter  H.,  was  born  in  Tennessee 
in  1783;  entered  the  army  as  first  lieutenant  of  infan 
try  May  3,  1808;  was  promoted  to  be  major  of  the 
Third  Rifles  February  21,  1814;  was  brevetted  lieu 
tenant-colonel  for  gallant  conduct  at  the  battle  of 
New  Orleans ;  commanded  Fort  St.  Philip  during  the 
bombardment  by  the  British  fleet  in  January,  1815 ; 
resigned  October  31,  1815;  settled  in  Louisiana,  and 
became  interested  in  planting  in  the  Red-River  coun 
try;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in 
the  .Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December?,  18L-9,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  on 
his  plantation,  near  Alexandria,  Louisiana,  January 
4,  1840. 

Owen,  Allen  F.,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
removed  to  Georgia,  and  resided  at  Talbotton;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,754  votes  against 
4,200  votes  for  Gary,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  appointed  consul- 
general  at  Havana. 

Owen,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Brunswick 
County,  Virginia,  in  1798;  received  an  academical 
education ;  removed  to  Mobile,  Alabama ;  was  mayor 
of  Mobile;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ala 
bama  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  defeating  Bagby 
and  Dinsmpre;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  appointed  collector  of 
the  port  of  Mobile  in  1829 ;  died  at  Mobile,  Alabama, 
August  18,  1830. 

Owen,  James,  was  born  in  Bladen  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  December,  1784;  was  educated  at 
Pittsborough  under  Mr.  Bingham;  was  a  planter; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1808-1811 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  until  March  3,  1819; 
was  president  of  the  Wilmington  and  Raleigh  Rail 
road. 

Owen,  Robert  Dale,  was  born  at  Glasgow, 
Scotland,  November  7, 1801 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Ilofwyl  College,  near  Berne, 
Switzerland;  immigrated  to  this  country  with  his 
father  in  1823,  and  joined  him  in  establishing  a  social 
community  at  New  Harmony,  Indiana;  was  an  editor 
of  "The  Free  Enquirer,"  published  at  New  York 
1828-1831 ;  returned  to  New  Harmony  in  1832 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1835- 
1838;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
0,704  votes  against  0,102  votes  for  Payne,  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty -ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,340  votes  against  6,331  votes  for  Wilson,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  4, 1843,  to  March  3, 1847 ;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  receiving  7,054  votes  against  7,445 
votes  for  Embree,  Whig;  was  appointed  by  President 
Pierce  charr/e  d'affaires  at  Naples  in  1853,  and  min 
ister  in  1855,  remaining  there  until  1858;  was  an 
earnest  supporter  of  the  Union  in  1801,  and  served 
on  a  commission  to  investigate  frauds  in  the  purchase 
of  arms;  became  a  Spiritualist,  and  lost  his  reason, 
which  he  partially  recovered;  died  at  his  summer 
residence  on  Lake  George  June  24,  1877.  He  pub 
lished  "An  Outline  of  the  System  of  Education  at 
New  Lanark;"  Moral  Philosophy ;"  Discussion  with 
Origen  Bachelor  on  the  Personality  of  God,  and  the 
Authenticity  of  the  Bible ;"  "Pocahontas,"  an  histori 
cal  drama;  "Hints  on  Public  Architecture,"  with  a 
hundred  and  thirteen  illustrations;  "Footfalls  on 
the  Boundary  of  Another  World ;"  "The  Wrong  of 
Slavery,  and  the  Right  of  Emancipation;"  "Beyond 
the  Breakers,"  a  novel;  "The  Debatable  Land  be- 


560 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tween  this  World  and  the  Next;"  and  "Threading 
my  Way,"  being  twenty-seven  years  of  autobiog 
raphy. 

Owens,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  a 
Savannah;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Unionist  on  a 
general  ticket,  receiving  27,510  votes  against  25,33'" 
votes  for  Foster,  State-rights ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  29,337  votes 
against  28,419  votes  for  Nisbet,  State-rights,  serving 
from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  died  a 
Savannah  in  1856. 

Owsley,  Bryan  Y.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
sided  at  Jamestown;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  ; 
Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  4,090  votes  against  4,500 
votes  for  Caldwell,  Democrat,  and  1,507  votes  for 
Stone,  Whig. 

Paca,  William,  was  born  at  Wye  Hall,  Mary 
land,  October  31, 1740;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Philadelphia  College  in  1758;  weni 
abroad,  and  studied  law  at  the  Middle  Temple;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  returned  home,  and  practised  at 
Annapolis;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  oi 
Representatives  1771-1774;  was  a  delegate  from 
Maryland  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1779; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1777-1779;  was 
chief  justice  of  Maryland  1778-1780;  was  chief  jus 
tice  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  1780-1782 ;  was  governor 
of  Maryland  1782  and  1786;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  which  ratified  the  Federal  Consti 
tution  in  1788;  was  United-States  judge  for  the  dis 
trict  of  Maryland  from  1789  until  his  death  in  1799. 

Pacheco,  Romualdo,  was  born  at  Santa  Bar 
bara,  California,  October  31,  1831;  was  educated  by 
private  tutors;  engaged  in  nautical  pursuits,  and 
subsequently  in  agriculture;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1853 ;  was  elected 
county-judge  in  1853,  serving  for  four  years ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1851,  and  again  in 
1861 ;  was  elected  State  treasurer  in  1863;  was  elected 
lieutenant-governor  in  1871,  and  became  governor 
when  Governor  Booth  was  elected  to  the  United- 
States  Senate ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
California  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  19,104  votes  against  19,103  votes  for  Peter 
D.  Wiggintpn,  Democrat,  as  declared  by  the  gov 
ernor's  certificate,  but  the  House  awarded  the  seat 
to  Mr.  Wigginton,  who  was  admitted  February  7, 
1878.  He  was  the  first  native  Californian  elected  to 
Congress. 

Packard,  Jasper,  was  born  in  Mahoning  (for 
merly  Trtimbull)  County,  Ohio,  February  1,  1832;  re 
moved  with  his  father  to  Indiana  in  1835;  was 
brought  up  on  a  farm;  was  a  student  at  Oberlin  Col 
lege,  and  afterwards  at  the  University  of  Michigan, 
where  he  graduated  in  1855 ;  taught  school ;  settled 
at  Laporte,  and  edited  "The  Union;"  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861;  entered  the 
Union  army  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  for 
the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion  as  a  private ;  served 
as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  and,  dur 
ing  the  assault  on  that  place,  was  wounded  in  the  face ; 
was  commissioned  captain,  and  was  in  the  march 
from  Memphis  to  Chattanooga;  received  two  promo 
tions  during  the  Atlanta  campaign,  and  in  1865  was 
appointed  a  brigadier-general  by  brevet  for  meritori 
ous  services;  on  being  mustered  out  of  service  in 
1868,  he  was  chosen  auditor  of  Laporte  County, 
holding  the  office  until  1868,  when  he  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,489  votes  against 
14,268  votes  for  Farrand,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  14,490  votes 
against  13,052  votes  for  S.  I.  Anthony,  Democrat; 
aud  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  re 


ceiving  16,813  votes  against  15,828  votes  for  Henricks, 
Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Packer,  Asa,  was  born  at  Groton,  Connecticut, 
December  29,  1806 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  removed  to  Springville,  Susquehanna  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1822;  learned  the  carpenter's  trade ; 
removed  to  Mauch  Chunk  in  1832 ;  became  largely 
interested  in  the  production  of  coal  and  in  railroads ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,909  votes  against  3,035  votes  for  Foster,  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Nebraska  Democrat,  receiving  9,136  votes  against 
6,433  votes  for  Stewart,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  founded  and  endowed 
the  Lehigh  University;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  of  1868  at  New 
York. 

Packer,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Sunbury,  Penn 
sylvania,  March  21,  1824;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law,  and  has,  since  his  admission  to 
the  bar  in  1844,  continued  in  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  ;  was  district-attorney  from  1845  to  1847 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Pennsylvania  in  1850 
and  1851 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  15,598  votes  against  12,902  votes  for  Knipe, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  13,597  votes  against  11,147  votes  for 
E.  G.  Scott,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  17,545  votes  against  13,486 
votes  for  A.  Rutherford,  Democrat,  Liberal  Re 
publican,  and  Labor  Reformer ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,528  votes  against  9,678  votes  for  W.  M.  Breslin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Paddock,  Algernon  S.,  was  born  at  Glenn's 
Falls,  New  York,  in  1830;  educated  at  the  Glenn' s- 
Falls  Academy,  taking  the  regular  Union-College 
course ;  studied  law ;  removed  to  Omaha,  Nebraska, 
in  the  spring  of  1857;  was  a  candidate  for  the  Terri 
torial  legislature  in  1858;  was  a  delegate  to  the  First 
Territorial  Republican  Convention  of  Nebraska  in 
1859;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  at  Chicago  in  18GO ;  was  appointed  secre 
tary  of  Nebraska  in  April,  1861,  by  Abraham  Lin 
coln,  which  office  he  held  until  admission  of  the 
State  in  1867,  acting  as  governor  a  considerable  part 
of  this  period;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Re 
publican  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1864 ;  was  In 
dependent  Republican  candidate  for  Congress  in  1866; 
was  appointed  governor  of  Wyoming  Territory  in  1868, 
and  declined;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
"rom  Nebraska  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  Thomas 
W.  Tipton),  receiving  all  votes,  Republican  and 
Democratic,  in  joint  convention,  but  twelve;  took 
lis  seat  in  March,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  ex- 
Dire  March  4,  1881. 

Page,  Horace  Francis,  was  born  in  Orleans 
ounty,  New  York,  October  20,  1833;  received  a 
mblic-scliool  education;  emigrated  to  California  in 
L854;  is  a  stage-proprietor  and  mail-contractor;  was 
unanimously  nominated  for  the  State  Senate  by  the 
Republican  Convention  of  El  Dorado  County  in  1869, 
and  defeated ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
California  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub- 
ican,  receiving  13,803  votes  against  12,819  votes  for 
?.  Coggins,  Liberal  Republican,  indorsed  by  the 
democratic  Convention;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
~ourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,625 
rotes  against  12,287  votes  for  H.  Larkin,  Democrat, 
xnd  5,324  votes  for  C.  A.  Tuttle,  Independent ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
20,815  votes  against  15,916  votes  for  C.  J.  Carpenter, 
democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Page,  John,  was  born  at  "Rosewell,"  Glouces- 
er  County,  Virginia,  April  17,  1743;  received  a  clas- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


561 


sical  education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary 
College  in  1763;  was  prominent  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements;  was  a  delegate  in  1770  to  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army 
as  colonel  of  a  regiment  raised  to  repel  the  British ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
First  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses,  serving  from 
March  4, 17S9,  to  March  3, 1797 ;  was  commissioner  of 
loans  from  Virginia  from  1806  until  his  death  at 
Richmond,  Virginia,  October  11, 1808.  He  published 
"  Political  Addresses  "  1796-1799. 

Page,  John,  was  born  at  Haverhill,  New  Hamp 
shire,  May  21,  1787;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion,  and  cultivated  his  ancestral  acres;  was  ap 
pointed  assistant  United-States  tax-assessor  in  1813, 
and  assessor  in  1815;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1818-1820  and  1835;  was  annually 
elected  (with  the  exception  of  one  year)  register  of 
deeds  for  Graf  ton  County  1828-1834;  was  elected 
State  councillor  in  March,  1836;. and  the  following 
June  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
nation  of  Isaac  Hill),  serving  from  June  13,  1836, 
until  March  3,  1837 ;  was  again  elected  State  council 
lor  in  1838 ;  was  governor  of  New  Hampshire  1840- 
1842 ;  was  a  Royal  Arch  Mason ;  and  died  at  Haver- 
hill,  New  Hampshire,  September  8,  1865. 

Page,  Mann,  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1777. 

Page,  Robert,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Sixth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  2, 
1799,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Page,  Sherman,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  New 
York,  and  settled  at  Unadilla ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1827 ;  was  a  judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  Otsego  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  at 
Unadilla. 

Paine,  Elijah,  was  born  at  Brooklyn,  Connecti 
cut,  January  21, 1757;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1781;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1784,  and  commenced 
practice;  also  engaged  in  agriculture  and  manufac 
tures  ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  in  1786;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1787-1791 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  State 
Supreme  Court  1791-1795 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Vermont  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
December  7, 1795,  to  March  3, 1801 ;  was  United-States 
judge  for  the  district  of  Vermont  from  1801  until 
his  death  at  Williamstown,  Vermont,  April  28,  1842. 

Paine,  Ephraim,  was  a  delegate  from  New  York 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1785. 

Paine,  Halbert  E.,  was  born  at  Chardon,  Ohio, 
February  4,  1826;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  Western-Reserve  College  in  1845; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Cleveland,  Ohio;  removed  to 
Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  in  1857;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  May,  1861,  as  colonel  of  the  Fourth  Wiscon 
sin  Volunteers ;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  briga 
dier-general  in  January,  1863;  lost  a  leg  the  following 
June,  while  in  command  of  the  Third  Division  of 
the  Nineteenth  Corps,  at  the  last  assault  on  Port 
Hudson;  was  brevet-ted  major-general  in  March, 
1865;  having  resigned  in  May,  1865,  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,860  votes 
against  13,278  votes  for  John  W.  Gary,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
14.679  votes  against  10,298  votes  for  Brown,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  re 
ceiving  17,513  votes  against  17,084  votes  for  Mitchell, 


Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865.  to  March 
3,  1871 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Washington 
City. 

Paine,  Robert  T.,  was  born  at  Eden  ton,  North 
Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  Ameri 
can,  receiving  5,228  votes  against  4,882  votes  for 
Shaw,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1857. 

Paine,  Robert  Treat,  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  March  11,  1731;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1749; 
kept  school ;  studied  theology,  and  acted  as  chaplain 
to  the  Northern  Provincial  troops;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1759,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Taunton ;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of 
Representatives  1773 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Provin 
cial  Congress  1774-1775 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Massa 
chusetts  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1778;  was 
attorney-general  of  Massachusetts,  and  a 'member  of 
the  Executive  Council ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Consti 
tutional  Convention  in  1779 ;  removed  to  Boston  in 
1780;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massa 
chusetts  1790-1804;  died  at  Boston  May  11,  1814. 

Palen,  Rufus,  was  born  in  Sullivan  County, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
sided  at  Fallsburg ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,453  votes  against  4,615  votes  for  Anthony 
Hasbrouck,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  died  at  Albany,  New  York, 
April  26,  1841. 

Palfrey,  John  Gorham,  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  May  2, 1796;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1815 ;  stud 
ied  theology;  was  ordained  minister  of  Brattle- 
square  Church,  Boston,  as  successor  of  Edward 
Everett,  June  17,  1818;  was  professor  of  sacred 
literature  and  dean  of  the  divinity-school  at  Cam 
bridge  1831-1839;  was  editor  of  "  The  North-Ameri 
can  Review"  1835-1843;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1842-1843;  was  secretary 
of  state  of  Massachusetts  1844-1848;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,513  votes  against 
3,754  votes  for  Robinson,  Democrat,  and  659  votes 
Abolition  and  scattering,  serving  from  December  6, 
1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Free-soil 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress ;  was  one  of 
the  editors  of  "The  Boston  Commonwealth;"  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  postmaster  at  Boston 
1861-1866.  He  has  published  "  History  of  New  Eng 
land  to  1688"  in  three  volumes,  "  History  of  Brattle- 
square  Church,"  "  Life  of  Colonel  William  Palfrey," 
"  Lectures  on  the  Jewish  Scriptures  and  Antiquities," 
"Lectures  on  the  Evidences  of  Christianity,"  "Re 
view  of  Lord  Mahon's  History  of  England,"  "Rela 
tion  between  Judaism  and  Christianity,"  "Centen 
nial  Discourse  at  Barnstable,"  "  The  Progress  of  the 
Slave  Power,"  and  a  number  of  essays,  orations,  and 
addresses. 

Palmer,  Beriah,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1792-1795;  re 
sided  at  Ballston ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  Oc 
tober  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Palmer,  Prank  W.,  was  born  at  Manchester, 
Indiana,  October  11, 1827;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  was  apprenticed  to  the  art  of  printing  in 
Jamestown,  New  York;  became  joint  proprietor  an.d 
editor  of  "  The  Jamestown  Journal "  in  1848;  in  1853 
and  in  1854  was  elected  a  member  of  the  legislature 
of  New  York ;  in  1858  he  removed  to  Dubuque,  Iowa, 
and  became  editor  and  one  of  the  proprietors  of  "  The 
Dubuque  Daily  Times; "  in  1860  he  was  elected  State 
printer  of  Iowa,  and  was  re-elected  in  1862, 1864,  and 
1866 ;  was  editor  and  proprietor  of  "  The  Iowa  State 
Register"  from  May,  1861,  to  December,  18(56,  and 
editor-in-chief  from  December,  1866,  to  June,  1868; 


562 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  20,409  votes 
against  13,402  votes  for  P.  Gad  Bryan,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  19,798  votes  against  12,510 
votes  for  B.  F.  Montgomery,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4, 1SG9,  to  March  3, 1873 ;  removed  to  Chicago ; 
edited  ''The  Chicago  Inter-Ocean;"  was  appointed 
a  member  of  the  Postal  Commission  created  by  Con 
gress  iu.  1870;  was  appointed  by  President  Hayes 
postmaster  at  Chicago  February  27,  1877. 

Palmer,  George  W\,  was  born  at  Hoosick,  New 
York,  January  13,  1818;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Plattsburg;  was  surro 
gate  of  Clinton  County  January  24,  1844-June  7, 
1847 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  0,799  votes  against  4,303  votes  for  Averill,  Demo 
crat,  and  4,129  votes  for  Ross,  American ;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,058  votes 
against  0,079  votes  for  Waldo,  Democrat,  and  1,589 
votes  for  Watson,  American,  serving  from  December 
7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Na 
tional  Republican  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1804; 
was  appointed  in  1800  a  judge  of  the  Mixed  Court  at 
Sierra  Leone,  under  the  treaty  with  Great  Britain 
for  the  suppression  of  the  slave-trade. 

Palmer,  John,  was  born  at  Hoosick,  New  York, 
in  1785;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Plattsburg  in  partnership  with  Chancellor 
Wai  worth;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,'  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was 
district-attorney  for  Clinton  County  1817-1841 ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  was  first 
judge  of  Clinton  County ;  his  health  failing,  he  visit 
ed  the  West  Indies  for  his  health,  and  died  of  con 
sumption  at  St.  Bartholomew  December  8,  1840. 

Palmer,  William  Adams,  was  born  in  Ver 
mont;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Danville,  Vermont;  was  a  member  for  six 
years  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and  for 
two  years  of  the  State  Senate;  was  for  eight  years 
clerk  of  the  Caledonia-county  courts;  was  a  judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court  1810-1818;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Vermont  (in  place  of  James 
Fisk,  resigned),  serving  from  November  10,  1818,  to 
March  3,  1825;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1828;  was  governor  of  Vermont  1831- 
1835;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  1835 ;  died  at  Danville,  Vermont,  December 
12,  1800. 

Park,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  New  Jersey 
September  2,  1777;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  removed  to  that  portion  of  the  North-western 
Territory  which  afterwards  became  the  State  of  In 
diana  in  1801 ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Indiana 
Territory  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  12,  1805,  to  March  1,  1808,  when  he  resigned, 
having  been  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  judge 
of  the  United-States  District  Court,  which  position 
he  held  until  his  death  at  Salem,  Indiana,  July  12, 
1835. 

Parker,  Amasa  J.,  was  bom  at  Sharon,  Con 
necticut,  in  1807;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Union  College,  New  York;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  October,  1828,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Delhi,  New  York ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1833, 
and  a  regent  of  the  State  University  in  1835 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  appointed 
in  1844  a  circuit-judge,  and  vice-chancellor  of  the 
Court  in  Equity;  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  Su 


preme  Court  for  the  Third  District  June  7,  1847- 
June  7,  1855;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan 
in  1859  United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of 
New  York;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1807. 

Parker,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Mifflintown;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,270  votes  against  (5,803 
votes  for  McCulloch,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Parker,  Hosea  W.,  was  born  at  Lempster, 
New  Hampshire,  May  30, 1833 ;  received  an  academic 
education  at  South  Woodstock,  Vermont;  entered 
Tufts  College  in  1855,  and  left  during  his  sophomore 
year;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1859;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1859-1800;  removed  to  Claremont  in  1800, 
and  commenced  the  practice  of  law,  in  which  he 
has  since  been  engaged;  was  a  member  of  the  Dem 
ocratic  National  Convention  in  1808;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  127  major 
ity  over  S.  G.  Griffin,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Parker,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  June  17,  1708;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1780;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Castine,  in  the  district  of  Maine;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799; 
was  appointed  by  President  Adams  United-States 
marshal  for  the  district  of  Maine;  removed  to  Port 
land  ;  was  appointed  in  1800  a  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court,  and  was  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
1814-1820;  was  professor  of  law  at  Harvard  Univer 
sity  1810-1827 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Massachusetts 
Convention  for  the  revision  of  the  Constitution  in 
1820,  and  its  president;  died  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  May  20,  1830.  He  published  a  "  Sketch  of  the 
Character  of  Judge  Parsons." 

Parker,  Isaac  C.,  was  born  in  Belmont  County, 
Ohio,  October  15,  1838;  worked  on  a  farm  until  he 
was  seventeen  years  of  age;  received  an  academic 
education;  taught  school  for  four  years;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859;  removed  to 
St.  Joseph,  Missouri,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
elected  city-attorney  of  St.  Joseph  in  1801,  1802,  and 
1803;  raised  a  company  for  the  First  Nebraska  In 
fantry  in  1801 ;  was  in  the  military  service  in  Mis 
souri  during  the  Rebellion,  holding  the  rank  of  corpo 
ral  ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Electoral  College  of 
Missouri  in  1804 ;  was  elected  circuit-attorney  in  1804, 
and  held  the  office  until  he  resigned  in  1807 ;  was  elect 
ed  in  1808  circuit-judge  for  six  years,  but  resigned 
in  October,  1870 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,714  votes  against  10,723  votes  for 
J.  H.  Ellis,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,233  votes  against 
13,090  votes  for  B.  Pike,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Parker,  James,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  1708;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  medicine ;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and  lo 
cated  at  Gardiner,  Maine  (then  Massachusetts);  held 
several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815;  was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  0,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821; 
died  at  Gardiner,  Maine,  November  9,  1837. 

Parker,  James,  was  born  at  Bethlehem  Town 
ship,  Hunterdon  County,  New  Jersey,  March  1, 
1770;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Columbia  College,  New  York,  in  1793;  entered  a 
counting-room  in  New  York,  and  remained  there 
until  1797,  when  he  removed  to  Perth  Amboy ;  was 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


563 


elected  eleven  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Jackson  ticket  in  1824;  was  collector  of  the  customs 
at  Perth  Amboy  1829-1833;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  one  of  the  commission 
ers  appointed  in  1807, 1827,  and  1833,  to  obtain  a  set 
tlement  of  the  boundary  question  between  New  York 
and  New  Jersey;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1844. 

Parker,  John,  was  a  delegate  from  South  Caro 
lina  to  the  Continental  Congress  178(3-1788. 

Parker,  John  Mason,  was  born  at  Granville, 
New  York.  June  14,  1805;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Middlebury  College,  Vermont, 
in  1828;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1830,  and  commenced  practice  at  Owego,  New  York ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,915 
votes  against  3,4(57  votes  for  McDowell,  Democrat, 
and  1,904  votes  for  Gushing,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,383 
votes  against  8,374  votes  for  Hathaway,  Democrat, 
and  1,229  votes  for  Lawrence,  American,  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Parker,  Josiah,  was  born  in  Eastern  Virginia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
First  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third, 
Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1801,  when  a  re-district 
ing  of  the  State  excluded  him  from  the  Norfolk 
district;  died  in  Isle-of- Wight  County,  Virginia, 
March  21,  1810. 

Parker,  Nahum,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire 
in  1759 ;  was  State  councillor  1805-1807 ;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  New  Hampshire, 
serving  from  October  20,  1807,  to  1810,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
for  Hillsborough  County  1822-1825;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  and  its  president  in  1828 ;  died 
in  Hillsborough  County  in  1839. 

Parker,  Richard,  was  born  in  Clarke  County, 
Virginia;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Berry ville,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  083  majority  over  Charles  J. 
Faulkner,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3.  1851 ;  was  elected  by  the  legislature  of  Vir 
ginia,  while  a  member  of  Congress,  to  be  judge  of 
the  Thirteenth  Judicial  Circuit  of  that  State  (in 
the  place  of  Judge  Douglass,  deceased). 

Parker,  Richard  B.,  was  born  in  Loudon 
County,  Virginia,  in  1777;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
aud  practised ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives ;  was  for  many  years  successively  a 
judge  of  the  General  Court  and  the  Circuit  Court  of 
Virginia;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Virginia  (in  place  of  Benjamin  W.  Leigh,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  15,  1830,  to  February  13, 
1837,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  by  the 
legislature  of  Virginia  one  of  the  judges  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals  (in  the  place  of  Tabney  Carr, 
deceased) ;  died  at  Snickersville,  Virginia,  November 
6,  1840. 

Parker,  Samuel  "W.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  New  York,  September  9,  1805;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Miami  University, 
Ohio,  in  1828;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1831,  and  commenced  practice  at  Connersville ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1S30-1841;  was  for  two  years  State  attorney;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,102  votes 
against  4,540  votes  for  Julian,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7, 181 
votes  against  0,153  votes  for  Grose,  Democrat,  serv 


ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  ticket  in  1845,  and  on 
the  Fremont  ticket  in  1850;  was  elected  president  of 
the  Junction  Railway  Company  of  Indiana;  became 
largely  interested  in  agricultural  pursuits. 

Parker,  Severn  E.,  was  born  in  Northampton 
County,  Virginia;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  for  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  held 
several  county  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  died  in 
Northampton  County,  Virginia,  October  21,  18*6. 
^Parks,  Gorhani,  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in 
1793;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  1813;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bangor;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  1,210  majority, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837; 
was  United-States  marshal  for  the  district  of  Maine 
1838-1841 ;  was  United-States  attorney  for  the  dis 
trict  of  Maine  1843-1845;  was  United-States  consul 
at  Rio  Janeiro  1845-1849. 

Parmenter,  William,  was  born  in  East  Cam 
bridge,  Massachusetts,  March  30,  1789;  received  an 
academical  education;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat  and  anti-Mason,  receiving  4,034  votes 
against  3,110  votes  for  S.  Hoar,  Whig,  and  others; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  4,397  votes  against  4,307  votes  for  Nathan  Brooks, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1845 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  naval  officer 
at  the  port  of  Boston,  serving  from  1845  to  1849  ; 
died  at  East  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  February  25, 
1800. 

Parris,  Albion  Keith,  was  born  at  Hebron, 
Maine,  January  19,  1788 ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1800;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1809,  and  commenced  practice  at  Paris, 
Maine ;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  Oxford  County 
in  1811;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1813,  and  a  State  senator  in  1814 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  1818,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1819;  was  appointed  judge  of  probate  for  Cumber 
land  County  in  1820;  was  elected  governor  of  Maine, 
receiving  629  majority  over  two  other  candidates, 
and  was  four  times  re-elected,  sen-ing  from  1822  to 
1827;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Maine,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  August  26, 
1828,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Maine  1828-1830;  was  second  comptroller 
of  the  United-States  Treasury  June  18,  1830-Novem- 
ber  27,  1850;  returned  to  Portland,  Maine,  and  was 
elected  mayor  of  the  city  in  1852;  died  at  Portland, 
Maine,  February  11,  1857. 

Parris,  Virgil  Delphini,  was  born  in  Maine; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Buckfield;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1833-1838;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Timothy  J.  Carter,  deceased)  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  4,412  votes  against  3,080  votes  for 
Zadock  Long,  Whig,  and  242  votes  scattering ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving 
from  May  29,  1838,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1842  and  1843,  serving  a  short 
time  as  president  pro  tempore  and  acting-governor  of 
the  State;  was  United-States  marshal  for  the  district 


564 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


of  Maine  1844-1848,  United-States  special  mail 
agent  1853-1856,  and  naval  storekeeper  at  the  Kit- 
terv  Navy  Yard;  died  at  Paris,  Maine,  June  14.  1870. 

Parrish,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Ohio;  resided  at 
Cambridge;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Parrott,  John  F.,  was  born  in  Greenland,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1708;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1811 ;  was  defeated  as  a  War  candidate 
for  representative  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  10,051  votes  on  a  general  ticket  against  18,589 
votes  for  Daniel  Webster,  Peace  candidate;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  Hampshire,  serving 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  ap 
pointed  postmaster  at  Portsmouth  in  1820;  died  at 
Greenland,  New  Hampshire,  July  9,  1830. 

Parrott,  Marcus  J.,  was  born  at  Hamburg, 
South  Carolina,  October  27,  1828;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dickinson  College,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1849;  studied  law  at  Cambridge;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1853  and  1854;  removed  to  Leav- 
enworth  City,  Kansas;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Kansas  Territory  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1801. 

Parsons,  Edward  Young,  was  bom  at  Mid- 
dletown,  Kentucky,  December  12,  1842;  attended 
the  public  schools  at  Louisville  until  he  Avas  twelve 
years  of  age,  when  he  studied  a  year  at  the  High  School 
of  St.  Louis;  returning  to  Louisville,  he  entered  the 
university  of  the  public  schools  of  that  city,  and 
graduated  with  first  honors  in  June,  1801;  after 
teaching  in  that  school  for  three  years,  during  which 
time  he  studied  law,  he  received  the  degree  of  master 
of  arts;  entering  the  Louisville  Law  School,  he 
graduated  in  1805;  after  practising  law  a  few  months 
at  Henderson,  Kentucky,  commenced  practice  at 
Louisville,  and  has  since  been  engaged  in  it,  holding 
no  public  offices;  he  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  4,300  votes  against  85'J  votes  for 
John  T.  Gray,  Democrat,  and  313  votes  for  Logan  A. 
Wood,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6.  1875,  to 
July  8,  1870,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Parsons,  Lewis  E.,  was  appointed  provisional 
governor  of  Alabama  by  President  Johnson  in  18G5; 
was  elected  a  senator  from  Alabama  in  1805  for  the 
term  ending  March  3,  1871.  and  his  credentials  were 
presented  February  13,  1800,  but  not  acted  on. 

Parsons,  Richard  C.,  was  born  at  New  London, 
Connecticut,  October  10,  1820;  received  a  liberal 
education;  removed  to  Ohio  at  the  age  of  twenty 
years,  and  entered  upon  the  study  of  the  law ;  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  October,  1851;  in  the  same 
year  was  elected  a  member  of  the  city  council  of 
Cleveland,  and  the  subsequent  year  president  of  that 
body  ;  in  1857  he  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  legislature, 
and  in  1859  was  re-elected,  and  chosen  speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives ;  in  1801  he  was  tendered 
by  President  Lincoln  the  mission  to  Chili,  which  he 
declined,  and  subsequently  was  appointed  consul  at 
Rio  Janeiro,  where  lie  served  one  year,  resigning  in 
1802;  was  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  at 
Cleveland,  which  place  he  filled  for  four  years,  when 
he  was  removed  by  Andrew  Johnson ;  in  1800  he  re 
ceived  the  appointment  of  marshal  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States,  and  served  six  years; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
13,101  votes  against  10,377  votes  for  S.  Chamberlain, 


Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
11,330  votes  against  13,849  votes  for  Henry  B. 
Payne,  Democrat,  and  304  votes  for  Goodman,  Pro 
hibitionist. 

Partridge,  George,  was  born  at  Duxbury,  Mas 
sachusetts,  February  8,  1740;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  17(52; 
studied  divinity,  but  was  never  ordained;  taught 
school  at  Kingston,  Massachusetts;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Provincial  Congress  1774-1775;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1775-1779;  was  a 
delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1779-1782  and  1783-1785;  was  sheriff  of 
Plymouth  County  for  several  years;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  First  Con 
gress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  1790,  when  he 
resigned;  died  at  Duxbury,  Massachusetts,  July  8, 
1828. 

Partridge,  Samuel,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Ehnira;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  10,374  votes  against  10,245  votes 
for  Ezra  S.  Sweet,  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841, 
to  March  3,  1843. 

Paterson,  William,  was  born  at  sea,  of  Irish 
parents,  in  1745;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1703;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1769,  and  com 
menced  practice ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  in  1770;  was  attorney-general  of 
the  State  of  New  Jersey  1770-1780;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1780  and  1781 ;  was 
elected  one  of  the  first  United-States  senators  from 
New  Jersey,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2, 
1790,  when  he  resigned ;  was  governor  of  New  Jersey 
1791-1793 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Washington 
a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Coiirt  of  the  United  States, 
serving  from  March  4,  1793,  until  his  death  at 
Albany,  New  York,  September  9,  1806.  He  pub 
lished  in  1799  a  revised  edition  of  "The  Laws  of 
New  Jersey." 

Patterson,  David  T.,  was  born  in  Greene 
County,  Tennessee,  February  28,  1819;  received  an 
academical  education ;  was  engaged  in  manufactur 
ing  pursuits;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  elected 
a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1854,  and  re-elected 
in  1802;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Tennessee  as  a  Conservative  after  the  reconstruction 
of  that  State,  serving  from  July  20,  1806,  to  March  4, 
1809. 

Patterson,  George  "W.,  was  born  at  London- 
deny,  New  Hampshire,  November  11,  1799;  received 
an  academic  education;  taught  school  one  season; 
removed  to  Livingston  County,  New  York,  in  1818, 
thence  to  Warsaw,  New  York,  in  1822,  and  thence, 
in  1825,  to  Leicester,  New  York,  where  he  carried  on 
a  farm,  and  was  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  agri 
cultural  implements ;  was  commissioner  of  highways, 
school  commissioner,  justice  of  the  peace,  brigade 
paymaster,  and  supervisor  of  Leicester;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Assembly  eight  years,  the  last  two 
of  which,  1839  and  1840,  he  was  speaker  of  the 
House;  removed  to  Westfield,  New  York,  in  1841, 
to  take  charge  of  the  Chautauqua  land-office,  and 
continues  to  hold  that  position ;  was  appointed  basin 
commissioner  at  Albany  by  Governor  Seward,  harbor 
commissioner  at  New  York  by  Governor  Clark,  and 
quarantine  commissioner  for  the  port  of  New  York 
by  Governor  Morgan ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Republican  Convention  that  nominated  John  C. 
Fremont  for  president,  and  to  the  National  Repub 
lican  Convention  that  renominated  Abraham  Lincoln 
for  a  second  presidential  term;  has  been  supervisor 
of  Westfield  three  years;  represented  Chautauqua 
County  in  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1846;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  the  State  of 
New  York  in  1848;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


565 


Republican,  receiving  16,910  votes  against  10,601 
votes  for  James  Freland,  Democrat,  serving  from 
October  15,  1877. 

Patterson,  James  WM  was  born  at  Henniker, 
New  Hampshire,  July  2,  1823;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College ;  was  secretary  of  the  State  Board  oi 
Education  from  1857  to  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1862;  was  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,947 
votes  against  10,571  votes  for  W.  Burns,  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,687  votes  against  9,099  votes  for  Bingham, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  18G3,  to  March 
3,  1867;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  (to  suc 
ceed  George  G.  Fogg,  Republican),  serving  from  1867 
to  March  4,  1873;  was  a  professor  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1877  and  1878. 

Patterson,  John,  was  born  in  Tioga  County, 
New  York;  held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Patterson,  John,  resided  at  St.  Clairsville, 
Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that  State 
in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Patterson,  John  James,  was  born  at  Water 
loo,  Juniata  County,  Pennsylvania,  August  8,  1830; 
graduated  at  Jefferson  College,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1848;  was  editor  of  "The  Juniata  Sentinel "  in  the 
Scott  presidential  campaign  of  1852,  and  for  ten 
years  afterward  was  editor  of  "  The  Harrisburg 
Telegraph;"  was  engaged  in  banking,  and  in  the 
management  of  railroads;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  Pennsylvania  in  1858,  1859,  1860, 
and  1861;  removed  to  South  Carolina  in  1869;  served 
in  the  Union  army  on  the  staff  of  General  Williams 
of  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  South  Carolina  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed 
Frederick  A.  Sawyer,  Republican),  and  took  his  seat 
March  4, 1873.  His  term  of  service  will  expire  March 
3,  1879. 

Patterson,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Lancaster 
County,  Pennsylvania;  resided  at  West  Middleton; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3, 
1825. 

Patterson,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  New 
York;  resided  at  Rochester;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,333  votes  against  5,298 
votes  for  Sampson,  Democrat,  and  281  votes  for 
Sperry,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843, 
to  March  3,  1845. 

Patterson,  Thomas  M.,  was  born  in  the 
County  of  Carlow,  Ireland,  November  4,  1840;  im 
migrated  to  the  United  States  when  young,  and 
received  a  common-school  education  in  Indiana, 
followed  by  a  year's  studies  at  Asbury  University, 
Greencastle,  Indiana,  and  a  year's  studies  at  Wabash 
College.  Crawfordsville,  Indiana;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Denver,  Colo 
rado;  never  held  public  office  until  he  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Colorado  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,633  votes  against 
7,470  votes  for  H.  Bromwell,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  but  the  certificate 
of  election  was  awarded  to  James  B.  Belford ;  Mr. 
Patterson  contested  the  seat,  and  it  was  given  to  him 
by  tlit'  House  December  13,  1877. 

Patterson,  "Walter,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  New  York;  resided  at  Livingston;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1818;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Patterson,  William,  was  born  in  Maryland; 


removed  to  Ohio,  and  settled  at  Mansfield;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Patterson,  William,  was  born  at  Londonderry, 
New  Hampshire,  June  4,  1789;  removed  to  the  Gene- 
see  Valley,  New  York,  in  1815 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
August  18,  1838,  when  he  died  at  Warsaw,  his  health 
having  been  impaired  by  night  sessions. 

Patton,  John,  was  born  in  Kent  County,  Dela 
ware,  in  1746;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  an  officer  of  the 
Delaware  line,  or  "Blue  Hen's  Chickens;''  was  a 
delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  Continental  Congress 
from  1785  to  1786;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Delaware  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1793,  to  February  14,  1794,  when  his  elec 
tion  was  successfully  contested  by  Mr.  Latimer,  who 
took  the  seat;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fourth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3, 
1797 ;  died  at  Dover,  Delaware,  June  17,  1801. 

Patton,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  Curwensville;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  9,699  votes  against  8,436 
votes  for  Kerr,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861, 
to  March  3,  1863. 

Patton,  John  Mercer,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1796;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College;  studied  medicine,  and  graduated 
at  the  Philadelphia  Medical  College,  but  never  prac 
tised,  as  he  preferred  the  legal  profession;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fred- 
ericksburg,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (to  fill  a  vacancy  occa 
sioned  by  the  death  of  Philip  P.  Barbour)  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses, 
without  even  a  nominal  opposition,  serving  from 
1830  until  1838;  opposed  the  election  of  Van  Buren, 
and  resigned  to  resume  practice;  removed  to  Rich 
mond,  and  became  there  the  leader  of  the  bar  of 
Virginia ;  and  died  at  Richmond  October  29,  1858. 

Paulding,  William,  jun.,  was  born  at  Tarry- 
town,  New  York,  in  1769;  received  an  academical 
ducation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  New  York ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1821 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a  major 
ity  of  580  votes,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to 
March  3,  1813;  was  absent  from  his  seat  the  last 
session,  having  taken  the  field  as  brigadier-general  of 
volunteer  militia;  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  New 
York  March  6,  1824-March  5,  1826;  retired  to  his 
state  at  Tarrytown,  where  he  died  February  11, 
1854. 

Pawling,  Levi,  was  elected  a  representative 
Tom  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Payne,  Henry  B.,  was  born  in  Hamilton  Coun- 
;y,  New  York,  November  30,  1810;  was  educated  at 
[lamilton  College,  New  York;  studied  law  under 
John  C.  Spencer  of  Canandaigua;  was  admitted  to 
:he  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
n  1834;  has  been  for  the  last  twenty  years  largely 
nterested  in  railroad  and  manufacturing  enterprises^, 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1849- 
1850;  was  chosen  a  presidential  elector  in  1848;  was 
lie  Democratic  candidate  for  the  United-States  sena- 
;orship  in  the  protracted  contest  of  1851 ;  was  the 
democratic  candidate  for  governor  against  Salmon  P. 
base  in  1857 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Cincinnati  Con 
vention  in  1854,  the  Charleston  Convention  in  1860, 
and  the  Baltimore  Convention  in  1872;  and  was 
:lected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  by  the  Democrats  and  Liberal  Republicans, 


566 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


receiving  13,849  votes  against  11,330  votes  for  Richard 
C.  Parsons,  Republican,  and  364  votes  for  Goodman, 
Prohibitionist,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1877 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,521 
votes  against  17,891  votes  for  Amos  Townsend,  Re 
publican, 

Payne,  William  Winter,  was  born  in  Fauquier 
County,  Virginia,  January  2,  1807;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  removed  to  Franklin  County, 
Alabama,  in  1825;  represented  that  county  in  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1831,  and,  remov 
ing  to  Sumter  County,  was  successively  elected  from 
that  county  from  1834  until  1838 ;  was  an  unsuccess 
ful  candidate  for  the  State  Senate  in  1839 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  House  in  1840;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  3,251  votes  against  2,956  votes  for 
Elisha  Young,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,899  votes 
against  2,769  votes  for  John  Erwin,  Independent, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  an 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  renomination  in  1847; 
removed  to  Virginia  in  1848,  and  settled  on  a  planta 
tion  near  Warrenton. 

Paynter,  Lemuel,  was  born  in  Delaware;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Phila 
delphia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  2,260  votes  against  1,764  votes  for  J,  B. 
Sutherland,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  3,675  votes  against  2,994 
votes  for  J.  B.  Sutherland,  Whiff,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Peabody,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Topsfield, 
Massachusetts,  March  1,  1741 ;  received  an  academic 
education  at  Leominster,  Massachusetts;  studied 
medicine  there  with  his  father,  Dr.  Jacob  Peabody; 
was  licensed,  and  commenced  practice  at  Plaistow, 
New  Hampshire,  in  1761;  was  commissioned  lieuten 
ant-colonel  in  1774,  but  ardently  espoused  the  Revo 
lutionary  cause,  and  was  the  first  man  in  the  prov 
ince  of  New  Hampshire  to  resign  a  royal  commission; 
was  elected  one  of  the  Committee  of  Safety  January 
U,  1776;  was  appointed  adjutant-general  of  the  New- 
Hampshire  militia  July  19,  1777,  and  served  in  com 
mand  of  a  brigade  in  Rhode  Island  in  1779;  was  a 
delegate  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1779-1780;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1782-1783;  was  again 
elected  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1786,  but  did  not  act;  was  a  member  for  eight  years 
of  the  State  legislature,  serving  as  speaker  in  1793; 
held  many  other  important  trusts  during  the  Revolu 
tionary  struggle,  but  became  pecuniarily  embar 
rassed,  and  had  to  pass  the  latter  years  of  his  life 
within  the  debtor's  limits  of  the  jail  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  where  he  died  June  27,  1823. 

Pearce,  Duttee  J.,  was  born  on  the  Island  of 
Prudence,  Rhode  Island,  in  1789;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1808; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Newport ;  was  United-States  attorney  for 
the  district  of  Rhode  Island;  was  adjutant-general 
of  Rhode  Island  1819-1825;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Monroe  ticket  in  1821 ;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving  1,871  majority ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  receiving 
619  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  238  majority  over  R.  B.  Cranston, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3, 1837;  died  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  May  9,  1849. 

Pearce,  James  Alfred,  was  born  at  Alexan 


dria  (then  in  the  District  of  Columbia)  December 
14,  1805;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1822 ;  studied  law  under  J  udge 
Glenn  at  Baltimore;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Cambridge.  Maryland ;  re 
moved  to  Louisiana  in  1825,  and  engaged  in  planting, 
but,  in  1827,  returned  to  Maryland,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Kent  County ;  was  a  member  of 
the  lower  House  of  the  legislature  of  Maryland  in 
1831 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  a  majority  of  28  over  Evans,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  a  candi 
date  for  re-election  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  but 
was  defeated,  receiving  3,648  votes  against  3,836  votes 
for  P.  F.  Thomas,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  in  1843  as  a  Whig,  and  was 
four  times  successively  re-elected  (the  last  two  times 
as  a  Democrat),  serving  from  March  4,  1841,  until  he 
died  at  Chestertown,  Maryland,  December  20,  1862. 

Pearce,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education,  and  was  ordained 
as  a  minister  in  the  Methodist-Episcopal  Church 
'when  eighteen  years  of  age;  he  continued  in  the 
ministry  as  a  member  of  the  Wyoming  and  Philadel 
phia  Conferences  until  1854,  when,  while  in  charge 
of  a  church  at  Lock  Haven,  he  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  9,588  votes  against 
7,528  votes  for  Allison  White,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  he  declined  a 
re-election ;  and,  four  years  later,  while  in  charge  of 
a  church  at  Owego,  New  York,  he  declined  another 
Congressional  nomination. 

Pearson,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  North 
Carolina;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Salis 
bury;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of 
North  Carolina  in  1804  and  1805 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  North  Carolina  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  until 
March  3,  1815;  he  fought  a  duel,  while  in  Congress, 
with  General  John  G.  Jackson,  after  a  political 
quarrel,  and  was  severely  wounded  on  the  second 
fire ;  died  at  Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  October  27, 
1S34. 

Pease,  Henry  R.,  was  born  in  Connecticut 
February  19,  1835 ;  received  an  academic  education, 
and  normal  training  for  the  profession  of  teaching; 
followed  the  profession  for  eleven  years ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  a  private  soldier,  and  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  captain;  served  principally  on  staff  duty; 
was  appointed  in  1865  superintendent  of  education 
for  the  State  of  Louisiana  while  under  military  rule; 
was  appointed  in  1867  superintendent  of  the  educa 
tion  of  freedmen  in  Mississippi ;  took  an  active  part 
in  the  reconstruction  of  the  State ;  was  elected  super 
intendent  of  education  of  the  State  in  1869;  edited 
and  published  "  The  Mississippi  Educational  Jour 
nal,"  the  first  magazine  ever  devoted  to  popular 
education  at  the  South;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  fr.om  Mississippi  as  a  Republican  on  the  3d 
of  February,  1874  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by 
the  resignation  of  Adelbert  Ames,  Republican),  serv 
ing  from  February  12,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Peaslee,  Charles  Hazen,  was  born  at  Gilman- 
ton,  New  Hampshire,  February  6,  1804;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege  in  1824 ;  studied  law  with  Stephen  Moody ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Concord,  New  Hampshire;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature;  was  appointed  in  1839  adjutant- 
general  of  the  militia;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,973  votes  against  4,275  votes  for  Eastman,  Whig, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


5G7 


and  2,356  votes  for  Stevens,  Free-Soiler;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  8,G20 
votes  against  3,073  votes  for  Eastman,  Whig,  and 
1,914  votes  for  Stewart,  Free-Soiler;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,170  votes 
against  3,803  votes  for  Colby,  Whig,  and  2,080  votes 
for  Fowler,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  0, 
1847,  until  March  3,  1853;  was  appointed,  in  March, 
1854,  collector  of  customs  for  the  port  of  Boston ;  and 
died  at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  September  20,  18G6. 

Peck,  Erasmus  D.,  was  born  in  Connecticut, 
September  16,  1808;  studied  medicine,  and  graduated 
at  the  Berkshire  Medical  College  in  1829;  removed 
to  Ohio  in  1830 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Ohio 
legislature  in  1856  and  1858;  was  examining  surgeon 
for  the  army  and  for  pensions ;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as 
a  Republican  in  April,  1870  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Hon.  T.  H.  Hoag),  receiving  13,228 
votes  against  10,583  votes  for  Hill,  Democrat,  and 
983  votes  for  Carter,  Repudiation  Democrat ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
11,302  votes  against  10,242  votes  for  William  F.  Lock- 
wood,  Democrat,  and  80  votes  for  Pease,  Independ 
ent,  serving  from  April  23,  1870,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Peck,  George  W\,  was  born  in  New  York  June 
4,  1818;  received  an  academical  education;  removed 
to  Michigan,  and  resided  at  Lansing ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1846  and 
1847,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  secretary 
of  state  of  Michigan;  was  editor  of  "The  Lansing 
State  Journal ;"  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Michigan  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  11,233  votes  against  9,863  votes  for 
Wisner,  Republican,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1857;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
14,524  votes  against  18,248  votes  for  Leach,  Repub 
lican. 

Peck,  Jared  V.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Port  Chester;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,533  votes  against  5,827  votes 
for  Clark,  Republican,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Peck,  Lucius  Benedict,  was  born  at  Water- 
bury,  Vermont,  in  1804 ;  received  two  years  of  mili 
tary  education  at  West  Point ;  studied  law  at  Barre, 
Vermont ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Barre  with  Hon.  Dennison  Smith ; 
after  his  death,  removed  to  Montpelier,  Vermont; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,594 
votes  against  5,059  votes  for  Chandler,  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
5,138  votes  against  4,267  votes  for  Buck,  Whig,  and 
2,484  votes  for  Rowell,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851;  was 
United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Vermont 
1853-1857 ;  was  president  of  the  Vermont  and  Cana 
da  Railroad  until  his  death  at  Lowell,  Massachusetts, 
December  28,  1866. 

Peck,  Luther  CM  was  born  in  Connecticut;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Penn 
sylvania,  and  thence  to  Pike,  Alleghany  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,521  votes 
against  4,763  votes  for  Calvin  T.  Chamberlain, 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1841 ;  died  at  Nunda,  New  York,  February  16, 
1876. 

Peckharn,  Rufus  AAT.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Albany;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,363 
votes  against  7,190  votes  for  Egberts,  Whig,  and  71 
votes  for  Williams,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  elected  a  justice 


of  the  Supreme  Court  for  the  Third  Judicial  District, 
and  re-elected,  serving  November  18,  1861-1869;  was 
lost  on  the  steamer  "  Ville  du  Havre." 

Peddie,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  at  Edinburgh, 
Scotland,  and  came  to  America  in  1833;  he  located 
in  Newark,  New  Jersey,  and  is  now  one  of  the  most 
extensive  manufacturers  in  that  city;  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1863,  and  re- 
elected  in  1864 ;  he  was  twice  mayor  of  the  city  of 
Newark,  serving  in  that  office  during  the  years  1865- 
1868;  was  president  of  the  .Newark  Board  of  Trade 
in  1873 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  17,565  votes  against  16,041  votes  for  Wil 
liam  A.  Righter,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Peek,  Hermanus,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York ;  resided  at  Schenectady ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3, 
1821. 

Peery,  "William,  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1786. 

Pegram,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Peterson  Goodwin,  de 
ceased),  receiving  102  majority  over  Dr.  Jones,  serv 
ing  from  November  16,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Pelham,  Charles,  was  born  in  Person  County, 
North  Carolina,  March  12,  1835 ;  his  family  removed 
to  Alabama  in  1838;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1858,  and  practised  law  at  Talladega  until 
1862,  when  he  entered  the  Confederate  service ;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Tenth  Judicial  Circuit  in  1868, 
and  was  discharging  the  duties  of  that  office  when 
he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  a 
majority  of  600  over  W.  H.  Handley,  Democrat,  serv- 
ingfroin  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Pelton,  Guy  R.,  was  born  at  Great  Barrington, 
Massachusetts,  August  3, 1825 ;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  taught  school ;  studied  law  at  Kinder- 
hook;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  New  York  in  1851 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,084  votes  against 
2,559  votes  for  Clinton,  Democrat,  and  1,123  votes 
for  Miner,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1857;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
2,126  votes  against  5,716  votes  for  Sickles,  Democrat, 
arid  2,905  votes  for  Duganne,  American. 

Pendleton,  Edmund,  was  born  in  Caroline 
County,  Virginia,  in  1741 ;  received  a  defective  clas 
sical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  became  a  successful  practitioner;  was  ap 
pointed  presiding  judge  of  the  Virginia  Court  of 
Appeals;  was  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress 
in  1774  and  1775;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1787,  and  was  chosen 
its  president;  was  appointed  by  President  Washing 
ton  United-States  district-judge  in  1780,  and  de 
clined;  died  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  October  11, 
1823. 

Pendleton,  Edmund  H.,  resided  at  Hyde 
Park,  New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Pendleton,  George  H.  (son  of  Nathaniel 
Greene  Pendleton),  was  born  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
July  25,  1825;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Cincinnati;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1854  and  1855;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,133  votes 
against  4,256  votes  for  Taft,  Republican,  and  2,642 
votes  for  Torrence,  American ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,131  votes  against 


568 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


6,785  votes  for  T.  C.  Day,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  7,485  votes 
against  6,582  votes  for  Spencer,  Republican;  and 
waa  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,545  votes  against  6,418  votes  for  Groesbeck, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
8,  1865 ;  was  defeated  in  1864  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  Vice-President  on  the  ticket  headed  by 
George  B.  McClellan;  was  appointed  president  of 
the  Kentucky  Central  Railroad  Company  in  1869; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Ohio  (to  suc 
ceed  Stanley  Matthews,  Republican).  His  term  of 
service  will  commence  March  4,  1879. 

Pendleton,  James  M.,  was  born  at  Pendleton 
Hill,  in  North  Stonington,  Connecticut,  January  10, 
1822;  received  an  academic  education;  was  engaged 
seven  years  in  mercantile  business  at  Westerley, 
Rhode  Island,  and  then  in  banking,  insurance,  and 
manufacturing;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
of  Rhode  Island  in  1862,  1863,  1864,  and  1865;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at 
Chicago  in  1868,  and  was  elected  presidential  elector 
on  the  Grant-Coif  ax  ticket  the  same  year ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
1,534  votes  against  947  votes  for  S.  Rodman,  Demo 
crat,  and  131  scattering;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  4,310  votes  against 
2,505  votes  for  George  H.  Brown,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Pendleton,  John  S.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  an  academical  education;  resided  at  Cul- 
pepper  Court  House;  was  appointed  by  President 
Tyler  chartje  d'affaires  to  Chili,  serving  August  16, 
1841- June  10,  1844;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
receiving  2,861  votes  against  2,045  votes  for  Hunter, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1849;  was  appointed  by  President  Fillmore  charge 
d'affaires  to  the  Argentine  Confederation,  serving 
from  February  27,  1851,  to  March  4,  1854;  died  near 
Culpepper  Court  House,  Virginia,  November  19, 1868. 

Pendleton,  Nathaniel  Greene  (father  of 
George  H.  Pendleton),  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  August,  1793;  removed  with  his  father  to 
New-York  City  early  in  life;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1813; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  served  in 
the  war  with  Great  Britain  as  aide-de-camp  to 
General  Gaines  1813-1815;  removed  to  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  in  1818,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  1825-1829;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  254  majority  over  Dr. 
Alexander  Duncan,  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  by  Dr.  A. 
Duncan,  Democrat. 

Penn,  Alexander  G.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  an  academical  education ;  removed  to 
Louisiana  in  1812,  and  settled  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Tammany;  engaged  largely  in  agricultural  and  me 
chanical  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk 
postmaster  at  New  Orleans  1845-1849;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (in  place  of  John  H.  Harmanson,  de 
ceased)  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  R.  M.  Stewart;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  4,740  votes  against  8,660  votes  for  Upton,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  33,  1850,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  a  commissioner 
to  superintend  the  erection  of  the  new  custom-house 
at  New  Orleans ;  died,  while  on  a  visit  to  Washington 
City,  May  8,  1866. 

Penn,  John,  was  born  in  Caroline  County, 
Virginia,  May  17,  1741 ;  his  education,  by  the  death 
of  his' father,  was  deficient;  studied  law  with  Ed 
mund  Pendleton,  his  relative ;  waa  admitted  to  prac 


tice  in  1762,  and  displayed  great  genius  and  elo 
quence  in  his  practice;  removed  to  Granville  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1774;  was  elected  a  delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1775,  signed  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence  in  1776,  and  was  re-elected 
in  1777  and  1779;  was  appointed  by  Robert  Morris 
in  1784  receiver  of  internal-revenue  taxes  for  the 
State  of  North  Carolina,  but  soon  resigned ;  and  died 
in  September,  1788. 

Penniman,  Ebenezer  Jenckes,  was  born  at 
Lansingburg,  New  York;  when  thirteen  years  of 
age  he  was  apprenticed  to  the  art  of  printing  in  the 
office  of  "  The  New-Hampshire  Sentinel  "  at  Keene; 
when  eighteen  years  of  age  he  purchased  his  inden 
tures,  and  went  to  New  York,  where  he  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  removed  to  Plymouth.  Michi 
gan,  in  1835,  and  entered  into  business  there ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Whig  and  Free-Soiler,  receiving 
10,741  votes  against  8,909  votes  for  Buel,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Pennington,  Alexander  C.  M.,  was  born  at 
Newark,  New  Jersey,  in  1811 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,636  votes  against  7.469  votes 
for  Price,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,137  votes  against  6,816 
votes  for  Darcy,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5, 1853,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  was  for  two  years  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  removed  to  the 
city  of  New  York,  where  he  died  January  25,  1867. 

Pennington,  William,  was  born  at  Newark, 
New  Jersey,  in  1797 ;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Newark;  was  governor  and 
ex  ojjicio  chancellor  of  New  Jersey  1837-1843,  during 
which  time  some  of  his  commissions  to  congress 
men,  bearing  the  broad  seal  of  the  State,  were  the 
subjects  of  much  comment;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Taylor  governor  of  Minnesota,  and  declined; 
was  offered  by  President  Fillmore  one  of  the  judge- 
ships  in  California  to  settle  land-titles  under  the 
treaty  of  Guadalupe  Hidalgo ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  11,641  votes  against  9,982 
votes  for  Wortendyke,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  5, 1859,  to  March  3, 1861 ;  was  elected  speaker 
of  the  House;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
16,141  votes  against  16,515  votes  for  Nehemiah  Perry, 
Fusion  Democrat;  died  at  Newark,  New  Jersey, 
from  having  accidentally  taken  an  overdose  of  mor 
phine,  February  16,  1862. 

Pennybacker,  Isaac  S.,  was  born  in  Shenan- 
doah  County,  Virginia,  in  1806;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Harrisonliurg; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  (defeating 
David  Steele,  Democrat),  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  United-States  judge  for 
the  district  of  Western  Virginia;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Virginia  (in  the  place 
of  W.  C.  Rives,  whose  term  had  expired)  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  January  12, 
1847,  when  he  died. 

Perce,  Legrand  W.,  was  born  at  Buffalo,  New 
York.  June  19, 1836 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  law  at  the  Albany  Law  University  in  1856- 
1857;  practised  law ;  entered  the  volunteer  service  in 
April,  1861 ;  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Sixth  Michigan  Volunteers  in  August,  1861,  and  cap 
tain  in  June,  1862;  was  brevetted  major  at  Port 
Hudson  in  May,  1863;  was  appointed  captain  of 
United-States  volunteers  in  August,  1803,  and  was 
brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  in  1865; 
settled  at  Natchez,  Mississippi,  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Forty-first 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


569 


Congress  as  a  Eepublican,  receiving  16,475  votes 
against  8,080  votes  for  Brown,  Democrat ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  serving  from 
February  23,  1870,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Perea,  Francisco,  was  born  at  Zadillas,  New 
Mexico,  January  9, 1831 ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
New-Mexico  Territory  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to 
March  3,  18G5. 

Perham,  Sidney,  was  born  at  Woodstock, 
Maine,  March  27,  1819;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  wras  a  school-teacher  and  a  fanner ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Maine  State  Board  of  Agriculture  in  1852 
and  1853 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  of  Maine  hi  1854,  and  was  speaker  of  the 
House;  was  county-clerk  of  Oxford  County  from 
1859  to  1863;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,592  votes  against  7,237  votes  for  Bates, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,830  votes  against  8,344  votes  for 
Andrews,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forti 
eth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,784  votes 
against  7,363  votes  for  Merrill,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Maine  1871-1874;  was  appointed  in  1877 
appraiser  in  the  Portland  Custom  House. 

Perkins,  Bishop,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire ; 
removed  to  New  York,  and  settled  at  Ogdensburg; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,085 
votes  against  7,274  votes  for  Van  Rensselaer,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Perkins,  Elias,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Connect 
icut,  April  5,  1767;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1786;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice, 
but  soon  relinquished  the  profession;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  in  1797 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  was  judge 
of  the  New-London  County  Court  until  he  became 
ineligible  by  age;  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  Lon 
don  June,  1829,  to  1832,  when  he  declined  a  re-elec 
tion;  and  died  at  New  London,  Connecticut,  Septem 
ber  27,  1845. 

Perkins,  Jared,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Win 
chester;  was  State  councillor  1846-1849;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig  and  Free-Soiler, 
receiving  8,715  votes  against  7,777  votes  for  Morrison, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,556  votes  against 
9,6:35  votes  for  H.  Hibbard,  Democrat ;  died  at  Nashua, 
New  Hampshire,  October  14,  1854. 

Perkins,  John,  jun.,  was  born  in  Louisiana, 
July  1,  1819;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Yale  College  in  1840;  studied  law  at  Harvard 
University;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  New  Orleans :  his  health  failing,  he  visited 
Europe,  and,  while  there,  had  several  volumes  of  the 
Colonial  records  copied,  which,  on  his  return,  he 
presented  to  the  State;  he  was  appointed  a  judge  of 
the  Circuit  Court  in  1851 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  4,965  votes  against  3,787  votes 
for  Pond,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855 ;  was  a  deputy  from  Louisiana  to  the 
Provisional  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  at 
Montgomery  February,  1861,  and  a  member  of  the 
First  and  Second  Confederate  Congresses,  serving 
from  February  22,  1862,  to  the  close  of  the  Avar. 

Perrill,  Augustus  L.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
removed  to  Ohio,   and  settled  at  Lithopolis;    was  j 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1847. 


Perry,  Aaron  F.,  was  born  at  Leicester,  Ver 
mont,  January  1,  1815;  received  a  common-school 
and  academic  education;  studied  law  at  the  Yale 
Law  School,  New  Haven,  Connecticut;  practised  at 
Columbus,  Ohio,  and  afterward  at  Cincinnati;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
Ohio  in  1847-1848 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  8,039  votes  against  7,294  votes  for  M. 
Sayler,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
1872,  when  he  resigned. 

Perry,  Benjamin  F.,  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Johnson  provisional  governor  of  South  Carolina 
in  1865;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
South  Carolina  for  the  term  of  six  years,  commen 
cing  on  the  4th  of  March,  1865;  his  credentials  were 
presented  in  the  Senate  February  28,  1866,  read,  and 
ordered  to  lie  on  the  table. 

Perry,  Eli,  was  born  in  Washington  County, 
New  York,  December  25,  1802;  received  a  common- 
school  education  until  he  was  thrown  upon  his  own 
resources  at  fifteen  years  of  age;  commenced  business 
at  Albany,  when  twenty-one  years  of  age,  as  a  dealer 
in  provisions,  and  continued  it  for  twenty-five  years; 
was  elected  alderman  for  two  years,  and  afterward 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of 
New  York;  in  1851  was  elected  mayor  of  the  city  of 
Albany,  which  office  he  held  by  re-elections  twelve 
years;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  17,716  votes  against  14,726  votes  for  Hard 
er,  Republican,  and  336  votes  for  Hastings,  the  Work 
ing-man's  candidate;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  18,609  votes  against  17,6(J9 
votes  for  C.  H.  Adams,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the 
Independent  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  6,108  votes  against  12,626 
votes  for  Charles  H.  Adams,  Republican,  and  9,903 
votes  for  T.  J.  Quinn,  Democrat. 

Perry,  John  J.,  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire,  August  2,  1811;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1844,  and  commenced  practice  at  Oxford,  Maine; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1839,  1842,  and  1843,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1846  and  1847;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  10,007  votes  against  7,313  votes  for  William 
Kimball,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1857;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  12,031  votes  against  10,032 
votes  for  David  R.  Hastings,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Peace  Congress  in  1861;  edited  "The  Oxford 
Democrat; "  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council 
of  Maine ;  removed  to  Portland. 

Perry,  Nehemiah,  was  born  at  Ridgefield,  Con 
necticut,  March  30,  1816;  received  an  academical 
education ;  removed  to  Newark,  New  Jersey,  and  en 
gaged  in  the  cloth  and  clothing  business;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  president  of  the  common  council  of 
Newark;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  16,200  votes  against  15,802  votes  for  Pen- 
nington,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,779  votes  against  7,622 
votes  for  Bradley,  Republican,  serving  from  July  4, 
1861,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Perry,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Maryland  in  1808 ; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Cumberland;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1, 1845,  to  March  3, 1847; 
was  a  circuit-judge  1851-1861  and  1864-1871;  died  at 
Cumberland,  Maryland,  June  27,  1871. 

Peter,  George,  was  born  at  Georgetown,  Mary 
land  (now  the  District  of  Columbia),  September  28, 


570 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1779;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Georgetown  College;  entered  the  United-States  army 
as  second  lieutenant  in  the  Ninth  Infantry  in  July, 
1799 :  was  transferred  to  the  artillery,  and  promoted, 
and  in  May,  1808,  organized  and  commanded  the 
first  light  battery  of  artillery  in  the  country,  resign 
ing  June  11,  1809;  commanded  a  battalion  of  volun 
teers  for  the  defence  of  Washington  City,  May  to 
June,  1814;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Alex 
ander  C.  Hanson,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
1,002  votes  against  1,444  votes  for  George  C.  Wash 
ington,  and  1,223  votes  for  II.  R.  Warfield:  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1816,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  Twentieth  Congress  by  George  C. 
Washington,  Whig;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural 
pursuits;  was  elected  in  185G  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Public  Works  of  Maryland :  died  on  his  farm  near 
Damestown,  Maryland,  June  22,  1861. 

Peters,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Ellsworth,  Maine, 
October  9,  1822 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College ;  studied 
law  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School;  practised  law; 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Maine  in  1802, 
1803,  and  1804;  was  elected  attorney-general  of  the 
State  in  1864,  1805,  and  1800 ;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maine  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  12,059  votes  against  0,504 
votes  for  Weston,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  13,337  votes  against 
8,873  votes  for^Ladd,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  9,902  votes 
against  7,322  votes  for  M.  Emery,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  appointed 
a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Maine  in  1872. 

Peters,  Richard,  was  born  near  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  August  22,  1744;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Philadelphia  College; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Philadelphia ;  entered  the  Revo 
lutionary  army  as  captain  of  volunteer  infantry,  but 
was  soon  transferred  by  Congress  to  the  secretary 
ship  of  the  Board  of  War,  Avhich  he  filled  June  13, 
177(i-June  8,  1781 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylva 
nia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783;  was  ap 
pointed  by  Washington  comptroller  of  the  treasury, 
but  declined,  accepting  the  position  of  United-States 
judge  of  the  District  Court  of  Pennsylvania,  which 
he  held  from  1789  to  his  death  at  Philadelphia  Au 
gust  21,  1828.  He  published  many  contributions  in 
the  transactions  of  the  Philadelphia  Agricultural  So 
ciety,  of  which  he  was  president,  and  "  Admiralty 
Decisions  in  the  United-States  District  Court  of 
Pennsylvania  1780-1807."  A  sketch  of  his  life  was 
published  bv  Samuel  Breck. 

Petrie,  George,  was  born  in  New  York ;  resided 
at  Little  Falls;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Petriken,  David,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Danville;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,150  votes  against  3,943  votes  for 
David  Hubley,  Whig,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1841;  died  at  Danville,  Pennsyl 
vania.  March  1,  1R47. 

Pettigrew,  Ebenezer,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  resided  at  Cool  Spring;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Whig  (defeating  Dr.  Hall),  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Pettis,  Spencer,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1802 ; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  atFay- 
ette,  Missouri;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from 


December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  killed  in  a 
luel  which  he  fought  with  Major  Thomas  Biddle  at 
St.  Louis  August  26,  1831. 

Pettis,  S.  Newton,  was  born  in  Ashtabula 
County,  Ohio,  in  1828;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation  ;  studied  law  with  Joshua  R.  Giddings ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  Pennsylvania  in  1848,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Meadville;  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  an  associate  justice  for  the  Terri 
tory  of  Colorado,  serving  1801,  1862;  returned  to 
Meadville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  (in  place  of  Dar 
win  A.  Finney,  deceased)  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,906  votes  against  16,300  votes  for  Knox,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1809. 

Pettit,  Charles,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1737;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law, 
and  practised ;  was  secretary  under  Governor  Frank 
lin,  and  was  continued  in  office  by  Governor  Liv 
ingston  until  called  by  General  Nathanael  Greene  to 
serve  as  assistant  quartermaster-general ;  when  Gen 
eral  Greene  resigned,  he  was  tendered  promotion  as 
quartermaster-general,  but  declined;  after  the  war 
he  entered  into  business  as  an  importing  merchant 
at  Philadelphia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives,  and  originated  the  debt-funding 
system;  was  a  delegate  from  Philadelphia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1785-1787 ;  died  at  Philadelphia 
September  4,  1806. 

Pettit,  John,  was  born  at  Sackett's  Harbor, 
Jefferson  County,  New  York,  July  24, 1807;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1838,  and  commenced  practice  at  La 
fayette,  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  for  two  terms ;  was  United-States 
district-attorney;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  6,403  votes  against  5,985  votes  for 
Bryant,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  6,260  votes  against  5,745  votes 
for  Holmes,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  receiving  0,789  votes  against  6,471 
votes  for  Brier,  Whig,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in 
1852;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  In 
diana  (in  place  of  James  Whitcomb,  deceased),  serv 
ing  from  January  18,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  chief  justice  of 
the  United-States  courts  in  Kansas ;  was  elected  in 
1870  supreme  judge  of  Indiana;  the  Democratic 
party  renominated  him  for  the  same  position  in 
1876,  but  owing  to  scandals  in  connection  with  the 
court,  that  excited  popular  indignation,  he  was 
forced  off  the  ticket,  and  the  name  of  Judge  Perkins 
substituted ;  he  died  at  Lafayette,  Indiana,  June  17, 
1877. 

Pettit,  John  U.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Union 
College  in  1839 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wabash,  Indiana,  in 
1841 ;  was  United-States  consul  at  Maranham,  Bra 
zil,  1850-1853;  was  appointed,  on  his  return,  judge  of 
the  Upper  Wabash  Circuit  of  Indiana;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,389  votes 
against  7,201  votes  for  Slack,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  11,235 
votes  against  10,443  votes  for  Garver,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
10,748  votes  against  10,038  votes  for  J.  R.  Coffroth, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1861. 

Peyton,  Bailie,  was  born  in  Sumner  County, 
Tennessee ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Gallatin,  Tennessee;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-third 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


571 


Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Taylor 
minister  to  Chili,  serving  August  9,  1849-September 
14,  1853;  removed  to  New  Orleans;  was  United- 
States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Louisiana;  removed 
to  San  Francisco,  California,  where  he  practised; 
returned  to  Tennessee ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  I860. 

Peyton,  B.  G.,  of  Copiah  County,  Mississippi, 
presented  to  the  House  of  Representatives  on  the 
4th  of  June,  1806,  credentials  signed  by  Governor 
Humphreys,  declaring  that  he  had  been  elected  to 
represent  the  Fifth  District  of  Mississippi  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress. 

Peyton,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  in  Sumner  Coun 
ty,  Tennessee,  in  181:) ;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  medicine,  but  soon  abandoned  his 
profession  for  politics;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,853  votes  against  3,854 
votes  for  Donelson,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  but  died  before  taking  his 
seat,  at  Gallatin,  Tennessee,  November  12,  1845. 

Peyton,  Samuel  O.,  was  born  in  Bullitt 
County,  Kentucky,  in  1304;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  medicine;  graduated  at  Transyl 
vania  University  in  1827,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Hartford,  Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1835;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,0(58  votes  against 
5,958  votes  for  Waddill,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  3,878  votes  against  8,085  votes  for  Johnson, 
Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,212  votes  against  6,173  votes  for 
Johnson,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,939  votes  against  7,199 
votes  for  Jackson,  American,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  died  at  Hartford,  Ken 
tucky,  January  4,  1870. 

Phelps,  Charles  B.,  was  born  at  Guilford,  Ver 
mont,  May  1,  183:];  removed  with  his  parents  to 
Pennsylvania  in  1837,  and  to  Maryland  hi  1841 ;  was 
educated  at  private  schools  in  Baltimore,  at  Prince 
ton  College,  and  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School;  con 
tinued  the  study  of  law  in  Baltimore  with  Robert  J. 
Brent,  Esq. ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Baltimore  in  1855 ;  was  elected  to 
the  city  council  of  Baltimore  in  1860;  was  major  of 
the  Maryland  Guard  and  volunteer  battalion  (many 
of  whose  members  afterwards  joined  the  Con 
federacy),  and  resigned  April  19,  1861;  entered  the 
Union  army  in  1862  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Sev 
enth  Regiment  Maryland  Volunteers ;  was  promoted 
to  the  colonelcy  in  1863;  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  for  gallant  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Spottsyl- 
vania  May  8,  1864,  in  which  he  was  wounded  and 
taken  prisoner,  but  afterwards  recaptured  by  General 
Sheridan's  cavalry;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  the 
Union  War  candidate  (succeeding  Henry  Winter 
Davis),  receiving  9,313  votes  against  1,753  votes  for 
A.  Leo  Knott,  Democratic  and  Peace  candidate;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  the  Union 
Conservative  candidate,  receiving  5,545  votes  against 
4,568  votes  for  Joseph  J.  Stewart,  Radical  Repub 
lican,  who  contested  the  seat,  but  subsequently  with 
drew  ;  pending  this  contest,  he  declined  an  executive 
appointment  as  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of 
Maryland;  after  leaving  Congress,  he  practised  law 
at  Baltimore,  holding  no  other  public  offices  than 
the  honorary  ones  of  State  manager  of  the  Colored 
House  of  Reformation,  and  commissioner  of  public 
schools. 

Phelps,  Darwin,  was  born  at  East  Granby,  Con 


necticut;  when  quite  young  he  became  an  orphan, 
and  went  to  reside  with  his  grand-parents  in  Portage 
County,  Ohio;  received  a  good  education  at  the 
Western  University,  and  after  studying  laAV  in 
Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  with  his  kinsman,  Walter 
Forward,  settled  at  Kittanning,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1835,  devoting  himself  to  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion  ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in 
1855;  he  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  Convention 
of  1860,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  16,095  votes  against  11,046  votes  for  Mit 
chell,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

Phelps,  Blisha  (father  of  John  Smith  Phelps), 
was  born  at  Simsbury,  Connecticut,  November  7, 
1779;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1800;  studied  law  at  Litchfield;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Simsbnry;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  and  State  House  of  Representatives, 
serving  as  speaker  in  1821  and  1829;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
tieth  Consress,  serving  from  December  5,  18£5,  to 
March  3, 1829;  was  State  comptroller  1830-1834 ;  was 
a  commissioner  to  revise  and  codify  the  State  laws  in 
1835;  died  at  Simsbury,  Connecticut,  April  18,  1847. 

Phelps,  James,  was  born  at  Colebrook,  Con 
necticut,  January  12,  1822;  received  a  thorough 
academic  education;  was  a  student  in  the  law  de 
partment  cf  Yale  College;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1845,  and  practised  until  1863,  during  which  time 
he  was  several  years  judge  of  probate ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1853,  1854, 
and  1856,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1858  and  1859; 
was  elected  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Con 
necticut  in  1863  for  a  term  of  eight  years,  and  re- 
elected  for  a  similar  term  in  1871 ;  was  elected  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Errors  in  1873,  and  held 
that  office  until  he  resigned  in  1875,  when  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
15,440  votes  against  13,844  votes  for  S.  W.  Kellogg, 
Republican,  and  559  votes  for  Harrington,  Prohibi 
tionist  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  19,500  votes  against  16,777  votes  for  S.  W. 
Kellogg,  Republican,  and  268  votes  for  Cummings, 
Prohibitionist,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Phelps,  John  Smith  (son  of  Elisha  Phelps), 
was  born  at  Simsbury,  Connecticut,  December  22, 
1814;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Washington  (now  Trinity)  College,  Hartford,  Con 
necticut;  studied  law  with  his  father;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Simsbury,  but 
removed  in  1843  to  Springfield,  Missouri;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
appointed  in  1841  brigade-major  and  inspector  of 
militia ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  11,062  votes 
against  5,848  votes  for  Winston,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,478  votes 
against  5,667  votes  for  Woodson,  Whig,  and  2,035 
votes  for  Shields,  anti-Benton;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  11,392  votes  against 
5,458 Votes  for  Price,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,342  votes  against 
7,982  votes  for  Johnson,  Benton  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,718 
votes  against  6,911  votes  for  Emerson,  American, 
and  110  votes  for  Larrimore,  Benton  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
13,424  votes  against  8,050  votes  for  Richardson,  Re 
publican  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  11,363  votes  against  9,301  votes 
for  Rains,  Republican,  serving  from  December  1, 


572 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1S45,  to  March  3,  1863;  served  in  the  Union  army  as 
colonel  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Missouri  Volunteers,  and 
was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Pea  Eidge;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Lincoln  military  governor  of 
Arkansas ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  1,840  votes 
against  3,072  votes  for  Boyd,  Emancipationist;  was 
appointed  in  1807  a  commissioner  to  adjust  the  Iiidlan- 
war  claims ;  was  governor  of  Missouri  1777-1781. 

Phelps,  Launcelot,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
resided  at  Hitchcockville;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty -fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  183-3,  to  March 
3, 1839. 

Phelps,  Oliver,  was  born  at  Windsor,  Con 
necticut,  in  174!);  received  a  mercantile  education  at 
Suffield,  Connecticut;  entered  into  mercantile  pur 
suits  at  Granville,  Massachusetts;  served  during  the 
Revolution  in  the  commissary  department  of  Mas 
sachusetts  ;  in  1788  he  purchased,  with  associates,  a 
tract  of  two  million  two  hundred  thousand  acres  of 
land  in  the  Genesee  valley  of  New  York;  opened  in 
Canandaigua  the  first  land-office  in  America,  and  his 
system  of  survey  by  township  and  ranges  has  since 
been  followed  by  the  General  Government;  in  1795 
he,  with  associates,  bought  of  Connecticut  the  tract 
of  land  in  Ohio  known  as  the  Western  Reserve, 
comprising  three  million  three  hundred  thousand 
acres ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17, 
1803,  to  March  3,  1805;  was  a  judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court;  and  died  at  Canandaigua,  New  York,  Febru 
ary  21,  1809. 

Phelps,  Samuel  Shethar,  was  born  at  Litch- 
field,  Connecticut,  May  13,  1793 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1811;  stud 
ied  law;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  a  paymaster, 
and  afterwards  commenced  practice  at  Middlebury, 
Vermont;  was  a  member  of  the  Council  of  Censors 
in  1827;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative  Council  in 
1831 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Vermont 
1831-1838;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Vermont  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  appointed  a  senator  (in  place 
of  William  Upham,  deceased),  serving  from  January 
19,  1853,  until  the  Senate  decided,  March  10,  1854, 
that  he  could  not  hold  his  seat  by  appointment;  died 
at  Middlebury,  Vermont,  March  25,  1855. 

Phelps,  Timothy  GK,  was  born  in  New  York; 
removed  to  California,  and  settled  at  San  Mateo; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  California  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  serving 
from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Phelps,  William  W.,  was  born  in  Oakland 
County,  Michigan,  June  1,  1820;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Michigan 
in  1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1848,  and  commenced  practice ;  edited  a  Democratic 
newspaper  1851-1855;  was  county  commissioner  for 
Oakland  County  1852  and  1853;  was  appointed  by 
President  Pierce  in  1854  register  of  the  United-States 
land-office  at  Red  Wing,  Minnesota;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Minnesota  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  22,  1858, 
to  March  3,  1859;  became  the  editor  of  "  The  Eed- 
Wing  Sentinel  "  in  1800;  died  in  18-73. 

Phelps,  William  Walter,  was  born  at  New 
York,  August  24,  1839;  was  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1800  with  high  honors ;  afterward  he  pursued 
his  studies  in  Europe,  and  later  at  Columbia-College 
Law  School  of  New  York,  where  he  received  the  vale 
dictory  appointment  of  his  class;  then  entered  im 
mediately  upon  the  practice  of  law;  he  was  a  director 
of  the  National  City  Bank  and  Second  National  Bank 
of  New  York,  the  United-States  Trust  Company,  and 
Fanners'  Loan  and  Trust  Company;  also  in  the  fol 
lowing  railroad  companies,  —  viz.,  Delaware,  Lacka- 
wanna  and  Western,  Oswego  and  Syracuse,  Syracuse 
and  Biughamton,  Cayuga  and  fcmsquehanna,  Inter 


national  of  Texas,  Houston  and  Great  Northern, 
New  Haven  and  Northampton,  Morris  and  Essex, 
and  others ;  he  was  elected  Fellow  of  Yale  College  in 
July,  1872,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  by  a  vote  of 
12,701  against  9,980  votes  for  A.  B.  Woodruff,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Independent  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  11,070  votes 
against  11,077  votes  for  Augustus  W.  Cutler,  Demo 
crat. 

Philips,  John  Finis,  was  born  in  Boone  Coun 
ty,  Missouri,  December  31,  1834;  was  educated  at 
the  State  University  of  Missouri,  and  at  Centre  Col 
lege,  Danville,  Kentucky,  graduating  at  the  latter 
institution  in  1855;  studied  law  with  General  John 
B.  Clark  at  Fayette,  Missouri,  and  practised  at  Seda- 
lia,  Missouri;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  Missouri  in  1801 ;  was  commissioned 
as  cclonel  in  1802,  and  commanded  a  regiment  of 
cavalry  in  the  Federal  army  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  at  New  York  in  1808;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,440  votes 
against  12,132  votes  for  James  H.  Lay,  People's 
candidate,  serving  from  December  0,  1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Phillips,  Henry  M.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Phila 
delphia  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  9,279  votes  against  0,500  votes  for  Foust, 
American,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
3,  1859;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  0,451  votes 
against  9,749  votes  for  Millward,  Union. 

Phillips,  John,  was  born  in  Chester  County, 
Pennsylvania;  resided  at  Hummelstown;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Phillips,  Philip,  was  born  at  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  December  13,  1807;  received  a  classical 
education  at  the  Military  Academy  at  Norwich.  Ver 
mont;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Charleston,  December  14,  1828;  was  a  member  of 
the  South-Carolina  State  Convention  of  1832.  and 
voted  against  nullification;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  of  South  Carolina 
in  1834  and  1835 ;  removed  to  Mobile,  Alabama,  and 
practised  law  there;  was  president  of  the  State 
Democratic  Convention  in  1837;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  of  Alabama  in 
1844  and  1851;  was  a  member  of  the  National  Demo 
cratic  Convention  which  nominated  Pierce  and  King 
in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,880  votes  against  4,777  votes  for  E.  Lockwood, 
Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1855,  when  he  declined  a  re-election ;  he  has  since 
practised  at  Washington  City. 

Phillips,  Stephen  Clarendon,  was  born  at 
Salem,  Massachusetts,  November  1,  1801 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  University 
in  1819;  studied  law,  but  became  a  merchant  at 
Salem ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1824-1829,  and  of  the  Senate  in  1830:  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  Rufus  Choate 
resigned)  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  3,920  votes  against  3,752 
votes  for  all  others,  serving  from  December  1,  1834, 
to  1838,  when  he  resigned;  was  mayor  of  Salem 
December,  1838-March,  1842;  was  defeated  as  the 
Free-soil  candidate  for  governor  of  Massachusetts 
in  1848  and  1849;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Board 
of  Education,  and  a  trustee  of  the  State  Lunatic 
Hospital  at  Worcester;  engaged  extensively  in  the 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


573 


lumbering  business  in  Canada;  and  was  lost  by  the 
burning  of  the  steamer  "Montreal"  on  the  River 
St.  Lawrence  June  26,  1857. 

Phillips,  William  A.,  was  born  at  Paisley, 
Scotland,  January  14,  1826;  immigrated  to  the 
United  States  with  his  father  in  1838;  practised 
law,  and  edited  a  newspaper  until  1855;  went  to 
Kansas  on  the  staff  of  '•  The  New- York  Tribune;" 
entered  the  Union  army  as  major  in  1861;  com 
manded  the  Indian  and  other  regiments  during  the 
war  in  the  West;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legisla 
ture  of  Kansas ;  was  elected  a  representative  1'rom 
Kansas  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  67,114  votes  against  33,274  votes  for  Laugh- 
lin,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  20,087  votes 
against  11,233  votes  for  M.  J.  Parrott,  Democrat, 
and  2,074  votes  for  X.  Green,  Independent;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
29,352  votes  against  15,642  votes  for  Thomas  P. 
Fenton,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Philson,  Robert,  was  born  at  Donegal,  Ireland ; 
immigrated  to  the  United  States;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March 
3, 1821. 

Phoenix,  J.  Phillips,  was  born  at  Morristown, 
New  Jersey;  received  a  public-school  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  New-York  City;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  municipal  govern 
ment;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison 
and  Tyler  ticket  in  1841 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,084  votes  against  4,156  votes 
for  Nicoll,  Democrat,  and  29  votes  for  Kennedy, 
Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1845 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1848;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,601  votes  against 
3,788  votes  for  Hart,  Cass  Democrat,  and  793  votes 
for  Smith,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  died  suddenly,  at 
an  advanced  age,  at  New- York  City,  May  4,  1859. 

Pickens,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Paxton,  Penn 
sylvania,  September  19,  1739;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  with  his  parents  in  1752 
to  the  Waxhaw  Settlement,  South  Carolina ;  served 
as  a  volunteer  in  Grant's  expedition  against  the 
Cherokees  in  1761 ;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army 
as  captain,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general, 
rendering  distinguished  services  throughout  the  war; 
commanded  an  expedition  against  the  Cherokees  in 
1782,  by  which  he  obtained  a  large  cession  of  terri 
tory;  was  a  member  of  the  South-Carolina  House  of 
Representatives  for  several  years ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3, 
1795;  was  elected  major-general  of  militia  in  1795; 
was  a  commissioner  to  negotiate  several  treaties  with 
the  Cherokee  Indians;  and  died  in  Pendleton  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina,  August  17,  1817. 

Pickens,  Francis  W.,  was  bora  at  Togadoo, 
South  Carolina,  April  7, 1807 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1829,  and  commenced  practice  in  Edgefield  District ; 
engaged  largely  in  planting,  and  paid  much  attention 
to  scientific  agriculture;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives, 
where  he  made  a  report  in  1833  that  Congress,  as 
the  mere  agent  of  the  several  States,  had  no  claim 
to  allegiance,  and  could  exercise  no  sovereignty; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carelina 
in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  George 
McDuffie,  resigned)  as  a  Nullifier;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth, 
and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  8,  1834,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1844;  was 
a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Southern 
Convention  at  Nashville  in  1850  and  1851;  was  a 


delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
Cincinnati  in  1856;  was  appointed  by  Mr.  Buchanan 
minister  to  Russia,  serving  from  January  11,  1858,  to 
September  9,  1860;  when  South  Carolina  seceded 
from  the  Union,  he  was  chosen  governor,  and  was  an 
active  advocate  of  the  Rebellion ;  died  at  Edgefield, 
South  Carolina,  January  25,  1869. 

Pickens,  Israel,  was  born  in  Cabarrus  (then 
Mecklenburg)  County,  North  Carolina;  settled  in 
Burke  County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
of  North  Carolina  in  1809;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  2,976  votes  against  2,342  votes 
for  Felix  Walker,  and  370  votes  for  I.  H.  Stenclis ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
November  4,  1811,  until  March  3,"l817;  was  appoint 
ed  register  of  the  land-office  of  Mississippi  Territory 
(which  included  the  present  State  of  Alabama)  1817; 
was  governor  of  Alabama  1821-1825;  was  appointed 
a  senator  in  Congress  from  Alabama  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Henry  Cham 
bers),  serving  from  April  10,  1826,  until  December 
21,  1826. 

Pickering,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Salem,  Mas 
sachusetts,  July  17,  1745 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1763;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Salem ;  took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolution- 
ary  movements ;  was  appointed  in  1775  a  judge  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Essex  County,  and 
sole  judge  of  the  Provincial  Maritime  Court;  entered 
the  Revolutionary  army  as  colonel  of  the  Essex  regi 
ment,  serving  in  New  Jersey;  was  appointed  by 
Washington  adjutant-general  May  24,  1777;  was 
elected  l>y  Congress,  August  5,  1780,  quartermaster- 
general  (as  the  successor  of  General  Greene);  was 
appointed  by  President  Washington  to  conduct 
several  negotiations  with  the  Indian  nations  1790- 
1794;  was  appointed  by  General  Washington  post 
master-general  November  7,  1791,  secretary  of  war 
January  2, 1794,  and  secretary  of  state  December  10, 
1795,  holding  (he  last  position  until  he  was  removed 
by  President  John  Adams  May  10,  1800 ;  settled  on  a 
farm  in  the  backwoods  of  Pennsylvania;  returned  in 
1802  to  Massachusetts ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  the  Eighth  Congress  by  Jacob  Crowninshield, 
who  received  120  majority;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Massachusetts  (in  place  of 
Dwight  Foster,  resigned),  and  re-elected,  serving 
from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1811 ;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  re-election  as  senator  by 
J.  V.  Varnum  in  1811;  was  chosen  by  the  legisla 
ture  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  2,249 
votes  against  103  votes  for  all  other  candidates ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  receiving  a 
large  majority  over  a  Democratic  opponent,  serving 
from  May  24"  1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  retired  to  his 
farm  at  Wenham,  Massachusetts,  which  he  culti 
vated  with  his  own  hands;  was  the  founder  and 
the  first  president  of  the  Essex-county  Agricultural 
Society ;  died  at  Salem,  Massachusetts,  January  29, 
1829.  His  "Life"  was  published  by  his  son,  Octa- 
vius  Pickering,  in  1867. 

Pickman,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  1763;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Cam 
bridge  in  1784;  travelled  in  Europe;  on  his  return, 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  soon 
abandoned  the  profession,  and  devoted  himself  to 
mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1800;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Executive  Council  in  1807;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1811 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  1820;  died  at  Salem,  Massachusetts,  August 
14,  1843. 


574 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Pierce,  Charles  W.,  was  born  in  New  York  in 
1823;  removed  to  Illinois;  served  in  the  Union  army 
as  a  lieutenant  of  Illinois  volunteer  infantry;  re 
mained  in  Alabama,  and  settled  at  Demopolis ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  from  July  21,  1868,  to  March 
3,  1869. 

Pierce,  Franklin,  was  born  at  Hillsborough, 
New  Hampshire,  November  23,  1804;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College 
in  1824;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1827,  and  commenced  practice  at  Hillsborough;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1829-1833,  serving  the  last  two  years  as  speaker; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat  on  a  gen 
eral  ticket,  receiving  23,056  votes  against  6,688  votes 
for  Anthony  Colby,  Whig,  and  1,875  votes  for  John 
Gould,  anti-Mason;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  New  Hampshire,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  1842,  when  he  resigned;  resumed  practice 
at  Concord,  New  Hampshire ;  declined  the  position 
of  attorney-general  of  the  United  States  offered  him 
by  President  Polk  in  1846;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war  as  colonel  of  the  Ninth  Infantry;  was  commis 
sioned  brigadier-general  in  March,  1847,  and  re 
mained  in  Mexico  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was 
president  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1850;  was  elected  President  of  the  United  States, 
receiving  254  electoral  votes  against  42  for  General 
Winfield  Scott,  serving  from  March  4, 1853,  to  March 
3,  1857;  visited  Europe  in  1858-1860;  lived  in  retire 
ment  at  Concord,  New  Hampshire,  where  he  died 
October  8,  1869.  His  biography  was  written  by 
Nathaniel  Hawthorne. 

Pierce,  Henry  Lillie,  was  born  at  Stoughton, 
Massachusetts,  August  23,  1825 ;  received  a  thorough 
English  education;  is  a  manufacturer;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  Massachusetts 
in  1860-1866;  was  an  alderman  of  the  city  of  Boston 
in  1870  and  1871;  was  mayor  of  Boston  in  1873;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  Whiting), 
having  no  organized  opposition,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,011  votes 
against  4.927  votes  for  B.  Dean,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877;  declined  a 
renomination ;  was  again  mayor  of  Boston  in  1878. 

Pierce,  Joseph,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1801,  to  1802,  when  he  re 
signed. 

Pierce,  William,  was  born  in  Georgia;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Nathanael  Greene,  and  was  presented  with  a  sword 
by  Congress;  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1786-1787;  was  a  delegate  from 
Georgia  to  the  Convention  which  framed  the  Federal 
Constitution.  He  published  his  impressions  of  Con 
gress  in  a  Savannah  newspaper,  now  in  the  Force 
Collection  in  the  library  of  Congress. 

Pierson,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
New  Jersey,  August  15,  1770;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1789; 
studied  medicine,  graduating  from  the  College  of 
Surgeons  and  Physicians  at  New  York,  and  practised 
at  Orange,  New  Jersey,  for  upwards  of  forty  years ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  nearly  5.000  majority, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died 
of  apoplexy  at  Orange,  New  Jersey,  September  22, 
1833. 

Pierson,  Jeremiah  H.,  was  born  in  Essex 
County,  New  Jersey ;  removed  to  New  York,  and 
settled  at  Ramapo;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a 


Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March 
3,  1823. 

Pierson,  Job,  was  born  in  New  York  in  1791 ; 
resided  at  Schaghticoke ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  3,  1835. 

Pierson,  John  J.,  resided  at  Mercer;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Banks, 
resigned),  serving  from  December  5,  1836,  to  March 
3,  1837. 

Pike,  Austin  P.,  was  born  October  16,  1819; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Merrimack  County  in 
July,  1845,  and  practised  at  Franklin ;  was  a  member 
of  the  New-Hampshire  House  of  Representatives  in 
1850,  1851,  1852,  1805,  and  1866,  and  speaker  of  the 
House  the  last  two  years ;  was  a  member  of  the  New- 
Hampshire  Senate  in  1857  and  1858,  and  president  of 
the  Senate  the  last  year;  was  chairman  of  the 
Republican  State  Committee  in  1858  and  1859;  was 
delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  Convention  which  nom 
inated  General  Fremont  in  1856,  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,792 
votes  against  10,773  votes  for  Samuel  N.  Bell,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,930  votes 
against  13,084  votes  for  Samuel  N.  Bell,  Democrat. 

Pike,  Frederick  A.,  was  born  at  Calais,  Maine, 
December  9,  1817;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Calais;  edited  "The  Calais 
Advertiser"  one  year  from  April  14,  1841;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Maine  for  several 
years,  serving  one  year  as  speaker  of  the  House ;  was 
State  attorney  for  Washington  County;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,426  votes 
against  7,768  votes  for  Bradbury,  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  9,160 
votes  against  8,217  votes  for  J.  White,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  12,566  votes  against  8,866  votes  for  J.  White, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,351  votes  against  7,973  votes  for 
Crosby,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1869;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  defeated  as  the  Lib 
eral  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,918  votes  against  14,181  votes  for 
Eugene  Hale,  Republican. 

Pike,  James,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  Massachu 
setts,  November,  1818;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  theology,  graduating  at  the  Wesleyan  Uni 
versity,  Connecticut;  was  a  minister  in  the  Method- 
ist-Ep"iscopal  Church  1841-1854;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  12,611 
votes  against  9,750  votes  for  G.  W.  Kitteridge,  Dem 
ocrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,242  votes  against  11,206  votes  for 
G.  W.  Kitteridge,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859;  since  the  expiration  of  his 
term,  has  been  an  active  member  of  the  New-Hamp 
shire  Methodist  Conference,  and  presiding  elder  of 
the  Dover  District. 

Pile,  \\Tilliam  A.,  was  born  near  Indianapolis, 
Indiana,  February  11,  1829;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  theology,  and  was  a  clergyman 
of  the  Methodist-Episcopal  Church,  and  a  member 
of  the  Missouri  Conference ;  joined  the  Union  army 
as  chaplain  of  the  Missouri  volunteers  in  1861 ;  took 
command  of  a  light  battery  in  1862;  was  placed  in 
command  of  a  regiment  of  infantry,  and  was  pro 
moted  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general,  serving 
throughout  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Re- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


575 


bellion;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
6,728  votes  against  0,510  votes  for  Hogan,  Conserva 
tive,  serving  from  March  4,  18(57,  to  March  3,  1809; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  9,553  votes  against 
9,734  votes  for  Erastus  Wells,  Democrat;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Grant  governor  of  New  Mex 
ico,  serving  1809-1870;  was  appointed  minister  resi 
dent  at  Venezuela  May  23, 1871,  and  resigned  in  1874. 

Pilsbury,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Newbury, 
Massachusetts,  April  12,  1789;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  clerk  in  a  store;  went  to  sea 
as  sailor  and  as  mate,  and  was  captain  of  a  brig  on  a 
cruise  to  Europe;  removed  to  Maine;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  of  Maine  and  of  the  Execu 
tive  Council ;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  Con 
gress  in  the  Eastport  District;  removed  to  Ohio, 
thence  to  Louisiana,  and  thence  to  Brazonia,  Texas ; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  and 
then  of  the  Senate  of  the  republic  of  Texas;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Texas,  on  the  admis 
sion  of  that  State,  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  as 
a  Calhoun  Democrat,  receiving  43  majority ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from 
June  10,  1846,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the 
Calhoun-Democrat  candidate  for  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  2,135  votes  against  4,120  votes 
for  Volney  E.  Howard,  Democrat,  2,796  votes  for 
Williamson,  Democrat,  and  721  votes  for  Hugh  Mc- 
Leod,  Democrat ;  died  near  Danville,  Texas,  Novem 
ber  23,  1858. 

Pinchback,  Percy  Bysshe  Shelley,  was 
born  in  Georgia  May  10,  1837;  was  taken  when 
young  to  New  Orleans;  received  a  good  English 
education  at  Gilmore's  High  School,  Cincinnati; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  Louisiana  in  1867;  was  a  delegate  from 
Louisiana  in  the  National  Republican  Convention  at 
Chicago  in  1808 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Louisiana  in  1868;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant 
registrar  of  the  land-office  in  Louisiana,  but  de 
clined;  was  elected  December  6,  1871,  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Louisiana  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  Lieutenant-Governor  Dunn);  was 
acting  governor  of  Louisiana  during  the  impeach 
ment  of  Governor  Warmouth  in  1872 ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Louisiana  January  15, 
1873,  and  was  again  elected  in  January,  1874,  but  he 
was  not  admitted  to  his  seat. 

Pinckney,  Charles,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  March  9,  1758;  received  a  classical 
education  at  the  school  of  Dr.  Oli  pliant;  studied  law 
with  his  father,  Colonel  Charles  Pinckney,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1779;  was  a  member  of  the  Pro 
vincial  legislature  1779-1780;  was  taken  prisoner  by 
the  British  in  1780;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1777-1778,  and  again  in  1784-1787 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  United-States  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1787 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Conven 
tion  by  which  the  Federal  Constitution  was  ratified 
in  1788,  and  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
in  1790;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina  1789-1792 
and  1790-1798;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  South  Carolina  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Gen 
eral  Pickens,  and  serving  from  February  16,  1797,  to 
December  19,  1801 ;  was  minister  to  Spain  January 
12,  1803-May  21,  1805;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  1806;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina 
1806-1808;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
1810-1814;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
defeating  two  Federal  opponents,  and  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  he  retired  to 
private  life,  and  died  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina, 
February  25,  1822.  He  published  a  pamphlet  in 
support  of  Mr.  Monroe's  election  to  the  presidency, 
and  his  "Travels  in  Europe." 

Pinckney,  Henry  Laurens,  was  born  at 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  September  24,  1794 ;  re 


ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  South- 
Carolina  College  in  1812;  studied  law  with  his 
brother-in-law,  Robert  Y.  Hayue;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Charleston;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1816- 
1832 ;  was  mayor  of  Charleston  in  1832 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1833.  to  March  3,  1837;  was  again  mayor  of  Charles 
ton  in  1839  and  1840;  was  collector  of  the  port  of 
Charleston,  and  died  there  February  3,  1863. 

Pinckney,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  October  23,  1750;  received  a  classi 
cal  education  in  England,  graduating  at  Oxford 
University;  studied  law  at  the  Temple  at  London; 
was  admitted  to  practice  as  a  barrister;  returned  to 
South  Carolina,  and  commenced  practice  at  Charles 
ton  in  1773;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army,  at 
taining  the  rank  of  major,  and  was  wounded  and 
taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Gum  Swamp  in  1780; 
declined  the  position  of  United-States  district-judge 
offered  him  by  President  Washington  in  1789 ;  was 
governor  of  South  Carolina  1789-1792;  was  minister 
to  Great  Britain  January  12,  1792-July  28,  1790 ;  was 
minister  to  Spain  November  24,  1794-November, 
1795,  negotiating  the  treaty  of  San  Idelfonso;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Fifth  Congress  (in  place  of  William  Smith,  resigned) 
as  a  Federalist,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress,  serving  from  November  23,  1797,  to  March 
3,  1801;  was  appointed  major-general  at  the  com 
mencement  of  the  war  of  1812,  and  placed  in  com 
mand  of  the  Southern  Military  Division,  serving 
throughout  the  war;  died  at  Charleston,  South  Caro 
lina,  November  2,  1828. 

Pindall,  James,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  State  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  1820,  when  he  resigned. 

Pinkney,  William  (grandfather  of  William 
Pinkney  Whyte),  was  born  at  Annapolis,  Maryland, 
March  17,  1704;  received  a  classical  education  at 
King  William  School  (now  St.  John's  College);  left 
his  father,  who  was  loyal  to  King  George,  and  be 
came  a  clerk  in  an  apothecary's  shop  at  Baltimore, 
where  he  commenced  the  study  of  medicine  under 
Dr.  Dorsay;  he  attracted  the  attention  of  Judge 
Chase  at  a  debating  society,  and  was  persuaded  by 
him  to  study  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Harf ord  County :  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1788,  and  of  the  State  House  of  Delegates  in  1789; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Second  Congress,  but  objection  was  made  on  the 
ground  of  non-residence,  and  he  resigned  November 
9,  1791 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  of 
Maryland  1792-1795,  and  again  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Delegates  in  1795 ;  was  one  of  the  commis 
sioners  at  London  under  Jay's  treaty  1796-1804;  was 
attorney-general  of  Maryland  1805 ;  was  joint  minis 
ter  plenipotentiary  to  Great  Britain  with  James 
Monroe  180(5-1807,  and  minister  plenipotentiary  1807- 
1811;  returned  to  the  United  States  in  1811;  settled 
in  Baltimore;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate; 
was  attorney-general  of  the  United  States  December 
11,  1811-February  10,  1814;  commanded  a  battalion 
of  volunteer  riflemen  in  Stansbury's  Maryland  Bri 
gade  in  1814,  and  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bla- 
densburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
January  8,  1816,  to  April  23,  1816,  when  he  resigned 
on  being  appointed  minister  plenipotentiary  to  the 
Two  Sieilies ;  was  appointed  minister  plenipotentiary 
to  Russia  March  7,  1816,  which  position  he  held 
until  February  14,  1818;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Maryland  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occa 
sioned  by  the  death  of  Alexander  C.  Hanson),  and 
took  his  seat  January  4,  1820,  serving  until  his  death 


576 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


at  Washington,  caused  by  over-exertion  in  arguing  a 
case  before  the  Supreme  Court,  February  25,  1822. 

Pinson,  Richard  A.,  of  Pontotoc  County,  Mis 
sissippi,  presented  to  the  House  of  Representatives 
on  the  4th  of  June,  1866,  credentials  signed  by  Gov 
ernor  Humphreys,  declaring  that  he  had  been  elected 
to  represent  the  Second  District  of  Mississippi  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress. 

Piper,  William,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  413  majority  over  John  Rea, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  November  4, 
1811,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Piper,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Franklin  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  in  1825;  volunteered  at  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  in  1846,  and  served  in  the  Mexican  war; 
removed  from  St.  Louis  to  California  in  1848,  and, 
after  the  spring  of  1849,  resided  in  San  Francisco; 
engaged  in  general  business;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  California  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,417  votes  against 
6,791  votes  for  Ira  P.  Rankin,  Republican,  and  6,103 
votes  for  John  F.  Swift,  Independent;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  19,363  votes  against  22,114  votes  for 
Horace  Davis,  Republican. 

Pitcher,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Litchfield, 
Connecticut,  in  1777;  removed  to  Sandy  Hill,  New 
York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1806,  1815-1817;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1821 ;  was  elected 
lieutenant-governor  of  New  York  in  1826,  and  be 
came  acting  governor  on  the  death  of  Governor 
Clinton,  serving  from  Februrary,  1827,  to  January, 
1829 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from 
December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  died  at  Sandy 
Hill,  New  York,  May  25,  1836. 

Pitkin,  Timothy,  was  born  at  Farmington, 
Connecticut,  in  1765;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1785;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  New  Haven; 
was  for  several  successive  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  serving  five  sessions 
as  speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thir 
teenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1819.  He 
published  "Statistical  View  of  the  Commerce  of  the 
United  States"  1816,  and  revised  in  1S35 ;  and  "Po 
litical  and  Civil  History  of  the  United  States  1763- 
1797." 

Pitman,  Charles  W.,  was  born  in  New  Jer 
sey  ;  removed  to  Pennsylvania,  and  resided  at  Potts- 
ville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
113,203  votes  against  8,182  votes  for  Dockery,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1851. 

Plaisted,  Harris  M.,  was  born  in  Jefferson, 
New  Hampshire,  November  2,  1828;  was  brought  up 
on  his  father's  farm,  working  summers,  and  teaching 
school  winters;  graduated  at  Colby  University  in 
1853,  and  at  the  law-school  of  the  University  of 
Albany  in  1855;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Bangor,  Maine,  in  1856;  served 
in  the  Union  army  throughout  the  war  as  colonel  of 
the  Eleventh  Maine  Volunteers,  and  as  brigadier- 
general  and  major-general  by  brevet ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  in  1867  and  1868;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  the  State  at  large  to  the  National  Repub 
lican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1868;  was  attorney- 
general  of  Maine  in  1873,  1874,  and  1875;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by 


the  death  of  Samuel  F.  Hersey)  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  10,735  votes  against  9,766  votes  for  James  C. 
Madigan,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875, 
to  March  3,1877. 

Plant,  David,  was  born  at  Stratford,  Connecti 
cut;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1804;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1819  and  1820,  serving  as 
speaker;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1821- 
1823;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Connecticut  1823- 
1827 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  D'ecember 
3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829;  died  at  Stratford,  Connect 
icut,  October  18,  1851. 

Plants,  Tobias  A.,  was  born  in  Beaver  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  March  17,  1811;  was  self-educated; 
taught  school;  studied  law,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Pomeroy,  Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  of  Ohio  in  1858,  1859,  1860,  and  1861;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,847  votes 
against  9,564  votes  for  James  M.  Morris,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
12,816  votes  against  10,752  votes  for  Follett,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1869. 

Plater,  George,  was  born  in  Maryland  in  1736 ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  William 
and  Mary  College  in  1753;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Annapolis ;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1781;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which 
ratified  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1788,  and  its 
president;  was  governor  of  Maryland  in  1792;  died 
at  Annapolis,  Maryland,  February  10,  1792. 

Plater,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Annapolis,  Mary 
land  ;  held  several  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Seventh  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Platt,  James  H.,  jun.,  was  born  in  St.  John's, 
Canada,  July  13,  1837,  of  parents  who  were  Ameri 
can  citizens,  and  residents  of  Vermont;  received  an 
academic  education;  graduated  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Vermont  in  1859; 
in  1861  entered  the  Union  army  as  first  sergeant  of 
the  Third  Vermont  Volunteers ;  became  captain  of 
Company  B,  Fourth  Vermont  Volunteers,  and  served 
on  the  staff  of  Major-General  Sedgwick  as  acting 
chief  quartermaster,  Sixth  Army  Corps,  until  the 
death  of  that  officer;  was  taken  prisoner  May  30,1864, 
and  held  until  the  following  December;  was  appoint 
ed  lieutenant-colonel,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  chief 
quartermaster  of  the  Sixth  Corps,  and,  declining  the 
same,  was  honorably  discharged  the  service ;  settled 
in  Petersburg,  Virginia,  April  6,  1865;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Virginia 
in  1867;  served  as  a  member  of  the  city  council  of 
Petersburg,  and  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Edu 
cation;  removed  to  Norfolk;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Radical  Republican,  receiving  16,781  votes  against 
11,255  votes  for  Godwin,  Conservative,  and  2,736 
votes  for  Bayne,  Independent;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  15,505  votes  against 
10,902  votes  for  R.  B.  Boiling,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  15,553  votes  against  10,329  votes  for 
B.  P.  Lee,  Democrat,  serving  from  January  27,  1870, 
to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
13,390  votes  against  13,521  votes  for  John  Goode, 
jun.,  Democrat. 

Platt,  Jonas,  was  born  in  Oneida  County,  New 
York;  resided  at  Whitesborough;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801; 
was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
New  York  February  23,  1814;  died  at  Peru,  New 
York,  June  19,  1834. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


577 


Platt,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  at  Owego,  New 
York,  July  15,  18:33;  received  an  academic  education 
at  the  Owego  Academy;  was  a  member  of  the  class 
of  1853  of  Yale  College,  New  Haven,  but  withdrew 
in  his  junior  year  on  account  of  ill  health;  followed 
mercantile  pursuits  after  he  left  college;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  Tioga  National  Bank;  was  extensively 
engaged  in  lumbering  in  Michigan;  was  county-clerk 
of  the  county  of  Tioga  in  1859,  1860,  and  1861 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,603  votes 
against  13,406  votes  for  M.  Goodrich,  Liberal  and 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  13,766  votes  against  13,013  votes 
for  Jones,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 1873, 
to  March  3,  1877. 

Platt,  Zephaniah,  was  born  in  Dutchess  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a 
delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1784-1786 ;  was  judge  of  the  court  of  the  district  in 
which  he  lived  until  advancing  years  warned  him  to 
give  up  active  labor;  he  then  retired  to  his  handsome 
estate  on  Lake  Champlain,  where  he  founded  the 
town  of  Plattsburg,  and  died  there. 

Pleasants,  James,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1769 ;  received  a  thorough  English  education ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Goochland  Court  House ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1796 ;  was 
clerk  of  the  House  1803-1811 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth,  Four 
teenth,  and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  No 
vember  4, 1811,  to  March  3, 1819;  was  elected  a  Unit 
ed-States  senator  from  Virginia  (in  place  of  John  W. 
Eppes,  resigned),  serving  from  December  14,  1819,  to 
March  1,  1822,  when  he  resigned;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  1829-1830;  died 
near  Goochland  Court  House,  Virginia,  November  9, 
1836. 

Plumb,  Preston  B.,  was  born  in  Delaware 
County,  Ohio,  October  12,  1837 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  learned  the  art  of  printing,  and 
afterwards  aided  in  establishing  "  The  Xenia  News; " 
removed  to  Kansas  in  1856;  established  "TheEmpo- 
ria  News;"  was  a  member  of  the  Leavenworth  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1859 ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1861 ;  was  elected  to  the  lower  House  of  the 
legislature  in  1862;  and  was  chairman  of  the  Judi 
ciary  Committee,  and  subsequently  reporter  of  the 
Supreme  Court;  in  August  of  the  same  year,  entered 
the  service  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  Eleventh 
Kansas  Infantry,  and  served  successively  as  captain, 
major,  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  that  regiment;  was 
a  member  and  speaker  of  the  Kansas  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1867,  and  also  a  member  in  the  fol 
lowing  year;  having  relinquished  the  practice  of  the 
law  on  account  of  failing  health,  he  became  presi 
dent  of  the  Emporia  National  Bank  in  January,  1873; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Kansas  as  a 
Republican  (to  succeed  James  M.  Harvey,  Repub 
lican),  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1877;  his  term  will 
expire  March  3,  1883. 

Plumer,  Arnold,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Franklin;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  4, 1837,  to  March 
3,  1839;  was  again  electee!  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  246  majority,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Plumer,  George,  was  born  in  Alleghany  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania;  resided  at  Robbstown ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  defeating  Alexander  W.  Foster; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  3.  1821,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Plumer,  William  (father  of  William  Plumer), 
was  born  at  Newburyport,  Massachusetts,  June  25, 


1759;  removed  with  his  father  to  Epping,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1768 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  law  with  John  Prentiss  at  Londonderry; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1787,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Epping;  filled  several  town-offices;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1785,1788, 1790, 1791, 1797, 1798, 1800,  and  1801,  serving 
two  years  as  speaker,  and  was  president  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1810  and  1811 ;  was  a  member  of  the  New- 
Hampshire  Constitutional  Convention  in  1791-1792; 
was  State  solicitor  for  Rockingham  County,  which 
office  he  resigned  when  elected  to  the  United-States 
Senate  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resigna 
tion  of  James  Sheaf e),  serving  from  December  6, 1802, 
until  March  3,  1807 ;  was  governor  of  New  Hamp 
shire  1812-1813  and  1816-1819;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1820,  casting  his  vote  for  John  Quincy 
Adams  (the  only  one  in  opposition  to  the  re-election 
of  President  Monroe,  to  whom  he  objected  on  account 
of  his  financial  recommendations) ;  devoted  the  last 
thirty  years  of  his  life  to  literary  pursuits,  and  died 
at  Epping,  New  Hampshire,  December  22,  1850.  He 
published,  during  the  last  thirty  years  of  his  life,  nu 
merous  contributions  to  the  periodical  press,  signed 
" Cincinnatus,"  an  "Appeal  to  the  Old  Whigs," 
and  "An  Address  to  the  Clergy."  His  life,  edited 
by  Rev.  A.  P.  Peabody,  D.D.,  was  published  in  1856. 

Plumer,  "William  (son  of  William  Plumer),  was 
born  at  Epping,  New  Hampshire,  October  9,  1789; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Cam 
bridge  in  1809;  studied  law  with  his  father;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  but  was  never  known  as  a  prac 
tising  lawyer;  was  repeatedly  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  or  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 1819, 
to  March  3,  1825 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1850 ;  and  died,  after  a  brief 
attack  of  dysentery  (never  before  having  known  a 
day's  indisposition),  at  Epping,  New  Hampshire,  Sep 
tember  18,  1854.  He  published  "  Youth,  or  Scenes 
from  the  Past,  and  other  Poems,"  "Manhood,"  &c., 
a  series  of  poems. 

Plummer,  Franklin  E.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Westville,  Mississippi;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835;  became 
very  poor,  and  died  at  Jackson,  Mississippi,  Septem 
ber  24,  1802. 

Poe,  Washington,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,952  votes  against  4,813  votes  for 
Chappell,  Democrat ;  he  never  took  his  seat,  but  re 
signed  "on  account  of  imperative  personal  engage 
ments." 

Poindexter,  George,  was  born  in  Loudon 
County, Virginia,  in  1779;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  the  Territory 
of  Mississippi  in  1802 ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Mississippi  Territory  in  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving 
from  October  26, 1807,  to  March  3, 1813 ;  was  appoint 
ed  United-States  judge  for  the  Territory;  served  on 
General  Jackson's  staff  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 1817,  to  March  3, 
1819;  was  governor  of  Mississippi  1819-1821;  was  ap 
pointed  a  United-States  senator  (in  place  of  Robert  H. 
Adams,  deceased),  and  subsequently  elected,  serving 
from  December  6,  1830,  to  March  3, 1835 ;  removed  to 
Lexington,  Kentucky,  where  he  practised  a  few  years, 
and  then  returned  to  Jackson,  Mississippi;  fought 
a  duel  with  a  merchant  named  Abijah  Hunt,  and 
killed  him ;  died  at  Jackson,  Mississippi,  September 


578 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


5,  1853.  He  published  a  revised  code  of  the  laws  of 
Mississippi. 

Poinsett,  Joel  Roberts,  was  born  at  Charles 
ton,  South  Carolina,  March  2,  1779;  was  taken  to 
England  by  his  parents  when  a  child,  returning  to 
Charleston  in  1788;  was  educated  at  Greenfield,  Con 
necticut,  under  President  Dwight;  his  health  forced 
him  to  travel  in  1790  in  Europe,  where  he  studied 
medicine  and  military  affairs;  was  appointed  by 
President  Madison  in  1809  to  visit  South  America, 
and  ascertain  the  prospects  of  the  revolutionists 
there ;  returning  to  South  Carolina,  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  a  prominent 
Freemason,  and  an  officer  of  the  General  Grand  Royal 
Arch  Chapter;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  defeating  George  Geddes;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  301 
majority  over  Samuel  Warren,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  appointed  on  a 
special  commission  to  Mexico  in  1822,  and  minister 
to  Mexico  1825-1829 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Van 
Buren  secretary  of  war,  serving  from  March  7,  1837, 
to  March  3, 1841 ;  was  opposed  to  nullification,  seces 
sion,  and  a  war  with  Mexico;  died  at  Slatesburg, 
South  Carolina,  December  12,  1851.  He  published 
"Notes  on  Mexico,"  and  delivered  a  number  of  es 
says  and  orations  on  manufactures,  agriculture,  and 
science. 

Poland,  Luke  P.,  was  born  at  Westford,  Ver 
mont,  November  1,  1815;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  register  of 
probate  of  Lamoille  County  in  1839  and  1840;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Vermont  in  1843;  was  prosecuting-attorney  in  1844 
and  1845 ;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ver 
mont  from  1848  to  1850,  and  in  1860  was  made  chief 
justice;  received  in  1801  the  degree  of  doctor  of 
laws  from  the  University  of  Vermont ;  was  appoint 
ed  a  United-States  senator  from  Vermont  (in  place 
of  Jacob  Collamer,  deceased),  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1805,  to  March  3.  1807 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Vermont  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  10,844  votes  against  3,935  votes 
for  Chase,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  15,407  votes  against  5,152  votes 
for  Chase,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  10,479  votes  against  3,200 
votes  for  L.  S.  Partridge,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  11,070 
votes  against  2,929  votes  for  H.  W.  Steele,  Independ 
ent,  and  2,440  votes  for  J.  W.  Pierce,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1875;  was 
defeated  as  a  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  4,079  votes  against  8,295 
votes  for  D.  C.  Denison,  Republican,  and  1,524  votes 
for  L.  P.  McLane,  Democrat;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Republican  Convention  at  Cincinnati  in 
1870. 

Polk,  James  Knqx  (brother  of  William  H. 
Polk),  was  born  near  Little  Sugar  Creek,  Mecklen 
burg  County,  North  Carolina,  November  2,  1795; 
went  with  his  father  to  Tennessee  in  1800;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University 
of  North  Carolina  in  1818  with  the  highest  honors; 
studied  law  at  Nashville  with  Felix  Grundy;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820,  and  commenced  practice; 
was  an  active  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity, 
holding  offices  in  the  lodge  and  chapter;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  legislature  of  Tennessee  in  1823-1825; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat  (defeating  James  T.  Sanford, 
Whig),  and  was  successively  re-elected  until  the 
Twenty-fifth,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  until 
March  3,  1839,  and  as  speaker  from  December  7, 
1835;  was  elected  governor  of  Tennessee  in  1839  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  54,680  votes  against  52,114  votes 
for  Cannon,  Whig;  was  nominated  for  President  of 
the  United  States  by  the  National  Democratic  Con 
vention  at  Baltimore  May  29,  1844,  and  elected  in 


November,  1844,  receiving  170  electoral  votes  against 
105  electoral  votes  for  Henry  Clay;  was  inaugurated 
March  4,  1845,  and  declined  a  renomination ;  died  at 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  June  15,  1849.  His  life,  by 
John  S.  Jenkins,  and  a  history  of  his  administration, 
were  published  in  1850. 

Polk,  Trusten,  was  born  in  Sussex  County, 
Delaware,  May  29,  1811;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1831;  studied  law 
at  Yale  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835, 
and  commenced  practice  at  St.  Loiiis,  Missouri ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
in  1845;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and 
Butler  ticket  in  1848;  was  elected  governor  of  Mis 
souri,  and  inaugurated  in  January,  1857,  but  soon 
after  resigned ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Missouri  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 
1857,  to  January  10,  1802,  when  he  was  expelled. 

Polk,  William  H.  (brother  of  James  Knox 
Polk),  was  born  in  Maury  County,  Tennessee,  May 
24,  1815;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  the  University  of  Tennessee;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Columbia;  was  appointed  by  President  Tyler 
minister  to  Naples,  serving  March  13,  1845-August 
31,  1847;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  major  of  the 
Third  Dragoons,  serving  August  31,  1847-July  20, 
1848;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  4,812  votes  against  3,072  votes  for  Thomas, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1853 ;  was  opposed  to  secession  in  1801 ;  died  at 
Nashville  December  10,  1862. 

Pollard,  Henry  M.,  was  born  at  Plymouth, 
Windsor  County,  Vermont,  June  14,  1836;  received 
a  common-school  and  academic  education,  graduat 
ing  in  1857  at  the  scientific  department  of  Dart 
mouth  College;  served  in  the  Union  army  during  the 
war  as  major  of  the  Eighth  Regiment  of  Vermont 
Volunteers;  located  in  Chillicothe  in  the  fall  of  1865, 
and  has  since  resided  there,  practising  law ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,582 
votes  against  15,802  votes  for  R.  A.  De  Bolt,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Pollock,  James,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  1831;  resided  at  Milton;  was  a  judge  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Henry  Frick,  deceased)  as  a  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses,  serving  from  April  23,  1844,  to  March  3, 
1849;  was  elected  governor  as  a  Union  Republican  in 
1854,  receiving  204,008  votes  against  107,001  votes 
for  Bigler,  Democrat,  serving  1855-1858;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Peace  Convention  at  Washington  in  1861 ; 
was  appointed  director  of  the  United-States  Mint  at 
Philadelphia  1861-1807. 

Polsley,  Daniel,  was  born  near  Fairmont,  Vir 
ginia,  November  28,  1803;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law,  and  practised  until  1845, 
when  he  retired  to  engage  in  agricultural  pursuits ; 
was  a  member  of  the  West-Virginia  (Wheeling)  Con 
vention  in  1861;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of 
the  loyal  State  Government  of  Virginia  in  1861;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Seventh  Judicial  Circuit  of  West 
Virginia  in  1862,  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  West  Virginia  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  5,211  votes  against  3,639  votes 
for  Oley,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to 
March  3,  1869;  died  at  Point  Pleasant,  West  Vir 
ginia,  of  consumption,  October  14,  1876. 

Pomeroy,  Charles,  was  born  at  Meriden,  Con 
necticut,  September  3,  1825;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  and  practised  law,  but  is  a  fann 
er;  settled  in  Iowa  in  1855,  and  was  a  presidential 
elector  from  that  State  on  the  Lincoln  ticket  in  1860; 
was  appointed  receiver  in  the  United-States  land- 
office  at  Fort  Dodge  in  1861 ;  and  was  elected  a  rep- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


579 


resentative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  1(5,775  votes  against  6,257 
votes  for  Kossell,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 
1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Pomeroy,  Samuel  C.,  was  born  in  Southamp 
ton,  Massachusetts,  January  3,  1810;  was  educated 
at  Amherst  College,  Massachusetts;  went  to  New 
York,  where  he  resided  for  some  years,  and  returned 
to  Massachusetts,  where  he  held  several  local  offices ; 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Massachusetts  in 
1852 ;  was  an  organizer  and  the  chief  financial  agent 
of  the  New-England  Emigrant  Aid  Society;  went  to 
Kansas,  and  was  identified  with  its  organization;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Kansas  as  a  Re- 
publi  .an,  and  took  his  seat  in  1861 ;  and  was  re-elected 
in  1867,  serving  from  March  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Pomeroy,  Theodore  M.,  was  born  at  Cayuga, 
New  York,  December  31,  1824;  graduated  at  Hamil 
ton  College,  New  York ;  studied  and  practised  law; 
was  district-attorney  of  Cayuga  County  from  1850  to 
1856;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
New  York  in  1857 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  14,437  votes  against  7,691  votes 
for  Beardsley,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  13,834  votes  against 
11,196  votes  for  Hadley,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  16,027  votes 
against  11,832  votes  for  Cuyler,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  16,189 
votes  against  11,404  votes  for  Humphreys,  Democrat, 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Pond,  Benjamin,  was  a  native  of  the  State  of 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1808-1810;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  with 
out  opposition,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to 
March  3,  1813;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat,  at  Schroon 
Lake,  New  York,  June  14,  1815. 

Pool,  John,  was  born  in  Pasquotank  County, 
North  Carolina,  June  16,  1826;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  in  1847;  is  a  practising 
lawyer ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1856,  re- 
elected  in  1858,  and  again  in  1864,  and  again  in  1865 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  in  1865;  was  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor 
of  the  State  in  1860;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  North  Carolina  in  1865;  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1868,  and  qualified  and  took  his  seat  in 
July,  1868,  serving  from  July  10,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Pope,  John,  was  born  in  Prince  William  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  in  1770;  having  lost  an  arm  by  accident, 
he  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Springfield,  Kentucky;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson 
ticket  in  1801 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Kentucky  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  October 
26,  18J7,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  appointed  Territorial 
governor  of  Arkansas  1829-1835 ;  returned  to  Spring 
field  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating 
Hardin,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  200  majority  over  Robert  C. 
Palmer,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  defeated  as  the  Independent  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  2,338 
votes  against  4,872  votes  for  Stone,  Democrat,  and 
3,701  votes  for  Grigsby,  Whig;  died  at  Springfield, 
Kentucky,  July  12,  1845. 

Pope,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Louisville,  Ken 
tucky,  in  1784;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Transylvania  University ;  studied  the  French 
language,  and  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  St.  Genevieve,  Missouri,  1804; 


was  appointed  secretary  of  the  Territory  of  Illinois 
in  1809,  and  removed  to  Springfield ;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Illinois  Territory  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1816,  to  December  4,  1818; 
was  appointed  United-States  judge  for  the  District 
of  Illinois  in  1818,  and  occupied  that  position  until 
his  death  at  Springfield  June  14,  1850. 

Pope,  Patrick  H.,  was  born  in  1808;  resided  at 
Louisville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  receiving  1,704  votes  against  1.690  votes 
for  H.  Crittenden,  Clay  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  defeated  as 
a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress;  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  May  4,  1841. 

Poppleton,  Earley  F.,  was  born  in  Richland 
County,  Ohio,  September  29,  1834;  was  educated  at 
the  Ohio  Wesleyan  University  at  Delaware;  studied 
law  at  Elyria,  Ohio,  where  he  commenced  practice ; 
removed  in  1861  to  Delaware,  where  he  resided,  and 
practised  his  profession ;  was  on  the  Democratic  elec 
toral  ticket  from  the  Eighth  Congressional  District 
in  1868;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in 
1870  to  fill  a  vacancy;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,627  votes  against  11,199  votes 
for  J.  W.  Robinson,  Republican,  and  1,045  votes  for 
Harrod,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  15,175  votes  against  15,978  votes  for  John  S. 
Jones,  Republican,  and  308  votes  for  Levi  L.  Benson, 
Prohibitionist. 

Porter,  Albert  G.,  was  born  at  Lawrenceburg, 
Indiana,  April  20,  1824;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Asbury  University  in  1843 ;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Indianapolis;  was  councilman 
and  corporation  attorney ;  was  appointed  in  1853  re 
porter  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Indiana;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,776  votes 
against  9,716  votes  for  M.  M.  Ray,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  13,029  votes  against  11,887  votes  for  R.  L. 
Walpole,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
to  March  3,  1863 ;  was  defeated  as  presidential  elector 
on  the  Hayes  ticket  in  1876 ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Hayes  first  comptroller  of  the  treasury  (in  place 
of  R.  A.  Taylor,  deceased)  March  5,  1878. 

Porter,  Alexander  J.,  was  born  near  Armagh, 
Ireland,  in  1786;  his  father,  who  was  a  clergyman, 
having  been  executed  as  a  member  of  the  Society  of 
United  Irishmen,  he  was  brought  to  Nashville  when 
a  lad  by  an  uncle ;  he  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  a  clerk  in  a  store;  studied  law  at  night; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and,  by  advice  of  General 
Jackson,  located  in  Attakapas,  Louisiana;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Convention  which  framed  a  State 
Constitution ;  was  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court 
for  fifteen  years ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Louisiana  as  a  Whig  (in  place  of  Joseph  S. 
Johnston,  deceased),  serving  from  January  6,  1834, 
to  January  5,  1837,  when  he  resigned;  was  again 
elected  a  United-States  senator  by  a  Democratic  legis 
lature,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  January  13, 
1844,  when  he  died  of  ossification  of  the  heart  at 
Attakapas,  Louisiana. 

Porter,  Augustus  S.  (son  of  Peter  Buel  Por 
ter),  was  born  at  Canandaigua,  New  York,  January 
18,  1798;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Union  College  in  1818;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  De 
troit,  Michigan;  was  mayor  of  Detroit  in  1838;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Michigan  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1845;  removed  in  1848  to  Niagara  Falls,  the  residence 
of  his  father. 

Porter,  Charles  H.,  was  born  in  Cairo,  New 


580 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


York;  received  an  academic  education;  was  a  stu 
dent  at  the  Law  University  at  Albany,  New  York, 
in  1852-1853;  practised  law  in  Greene  County  until 
the  spring  of  1861,  when  he  entered  the  Union  army; 
settled  at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  was  attorney  for 
the  Commonwealth  there  from  October,  1863,  until 
January,  1870,  and  attorney  for  the  city  for  one  year; 
was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Virginia  in  1867  and  1868;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  17,311  votes  against  13,041 
votes  for  Hunnicutt,  Conservative,  815  for  Mulford, 
Independent  Democrat,  and  231  for  Cook,  Independ 
ent  Colored ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,555  votes  against  10,657  votes  for  A. 
Ordway,  Democrat,  and  5  scattering  votes,  serving 
from  January  27, 1870,  to  March  3,  1873 ;  was  defeated 
as  the  Independent  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  13  votes  against  15,393  votes  for  Wil 
liam  H.  H.  Stowell,  Republican,  and  8,068  votes  for 
P.  W.  McKinney,  Democrat. 

Porter,  Gilchrist,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Missouri,  and  resided  at  Bowling  Green; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,889 
votes  against  5,878  votes  for  Henderson,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  6,224  votes  against  7,007 
votes  for  Lamb,  Democrat ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,119  votes  against 
6,877  votes  for  Corneck,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Porter,  James,  was  born  at  Williamstown,  Mas 
sachusetts  ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Williams  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Skaneateles.  New 
York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1814  and  1815 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,"l819;  was 
appointed  register  of  the  Court  of  Chancery  at  Albany, 
and  held  the  position  until  his  death  at  Albany. 

Porter,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Ninth  Congress  (in  place  of  Michael  Leib,  resigned); 
was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  8,  1806,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Porter,  Peter  Buel  (father  of  Augustus  S.  Por 
ter),  was  born  at  Salisbury,  Connecticut,  in  1773; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1791;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1795,  and  commenced  practice  at  Canandaigua, 
New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  receiving 
1,168  majority,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March 
3,  1813;  served  as  major-general  on  the  frontier 
during  the  war  with  Great  Britain,  and  distinguished 
himself  in  several  battles;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Madison  in  1815  commander-in-chief  of  the 
army,  but  declined;  was  again  elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to 

1816,  when  he  resigned ;  was  commissioner  under  the 
treaty  of  Ghent  in  1816;  was  secretary  of  state  of 
New  York  1815-1816;  was  appointed  by  John  Quincy 
Adams  secretary  of  war,  serving  from  May  26,  1828, 
to  March  9,  1829 ;  was  one  of  the  early  projectors  of 
the  Erie  Canal;  died  at  Niagara  Falls,  New  York, 
March  20,  1844. 

Porter,  Timothy  H.,  was  born  at  New  Haven, 
Connecticut;  removed  to  Olean,  New  York;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1816- 

1817,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1823;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,   1825,  to  March  3, 
1827;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1828- 
1831,   and  of  the  State  House  of   Representatives 
18.38-1840. 

Posey,  Thomas,  was  bom  on  the  bank?  of  the 


Potomac  July  9,  1750;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  county-lieutenant  of  Spottsylvania  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  participated  in  the  early  Indian  and 
French  war,  and  fought  throughout  the  Revolution, 
receiving  the  appointment  of  brigadier-general  in 
1793;  removed  to  Kentucky ;  was  State  senator;  was 
four  years  lieutenant-governor;  was  major-general  in 
command  of  the  Kentucky  levies  in  1809;  removed 
to  Louisiana;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator 
from  Louisiana  (in  place  of  John  Noel  Destrahan, 
resigned),  serving  from  December  7,  1812,  to  Feb 
ruary  5,  1813,  when  his  successor  took  his  seat ;  was 
appointed  governor  of  the  Indian  Territory  March  3, 
1813;  was  appointed  Indian  agent  in  1816,  and  held 
the  position  until  his  death  at  Shawneetown,  Illi 
nois,  March  19,  1818. 

Post,  Jotham,  jun.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Colum 
bia  College;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1794-1797;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815. 

Poston,  Charles  D,,  was  born  in  Hardin  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky,  April  20,  1825 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  California  in  1850;  was  em 
ployed  in  the  San  Francisco  custom-house  for  four 
years ;  went  to  Arizona  in  1854  to  engage  in  silver- 
mining;  was  appointed  superintendent  of  Indian 
affairs  for  the  Territory ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Arizona  Territory  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  serving  from  December  7, 1863,  to  March 
3,  1865. 

Potter,  Allen,  was  born  in  Saratoga  County, 
New  York,  October  2,  1818 ;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  removed  to  Michigan  in  183S,  and  located 
at  Kalamazoo  in  1845 ;  has  been  engaged  in  manu 
facturing,  mercantile  pursuits,  and  banking;  was 
elected  president  of  the  village  in  1859,  1863,  1870, 
and  1872,  and  president  of  the  local  Board  of  Educa 
tion  in  1870  and  1871 ;  was  elected  president  of  the 
Kalamazoo  and  South-Haven  Railroad  Company  in 
1870;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michi 
gan  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an  Independent 
candidate,  nominated  by  the  Democrats  and  Liberals, 
receiving  13,317  votes  against  12,278  votes  for  Julius 
C.  Burrows,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Potter,  Clarkson  Nott,  was  born  in  Schenec- 
tady,  New  York,  in  1825 ;  graduated  at  Union  Col 
lege  (of  which  his  grandfather.  Rev.  Eliphalet  Nott, 
was  president,  and  his  father,  Bishop  Alonzo  Potter, 
was  vice-president)  in  1842;  graduated  at  the  Rens- 
selaer  Institute  as  a  civil  engineer  in  1843,  and  was  a 
surveyor  in  Wisconsin;  studied  law  in  that  State, 
and,  after  coming  to  the  bar,  commenced  the  practice 
of  his  profession  in  New- York  City  in  1847 ;  held  no 
public  offices,  but  was  engaged  in  many  important 
cases ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
16,533  votes  against  12,700  votes  for  Bradley,  Repub 
lican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  14,249  votes  against  10,685  votes  for  J. 
Westervelt,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,199 
votes  against  14,269  votes  for  E.  Flagg,  Republican, 
serving'from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
16,178  votes  against  11,160  votes  for  George  B. 
Brandreth,  Republican,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Potter,  Elisha  Reynolds  (father  of  Elisha  R. 
Potter,  jun.),  was  born  at  Little  Rest  (now  South 
Kingston),  Rhode  Island,  November  5,  1764;  was  a 
blacksmith's  apprentice,  a  farmer,  and  a  soldier,  in 
early  life;  studied  law,  and,  after  having  been  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  practised  at  South  Kingston ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1793,  and  for  thirty  years  thereafter,  with  occasional 
break ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


581 


Island  in  the  Fourth  Congress  (in  place  of  Benjamin 
Bourne,  resigned)  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  19,  179G, 
to  1797,  when  he  resigned ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress,  receiving  103  majority;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809, 
to  March  2,  1815;  was  defeated  as  candidate  for 
governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1818;  died  at  South 
Kingston,  Rhode  Island,  September  26,  1835. 

Potter,  Elisha  R.,  jun.  (son  of  Elisha  R. 
Potter),  was  born  at  Kingston,  Rhode  Island,  June 
20,1811;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Harvard  University  in  1830;  was  for  several  years 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  State  adjutant-general  in  1835  and  1836;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  1,096 
majority,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1845;  was  State  commissioner  of  public  schools, 
serving  from  May,  1849,  to  October,  1854,  when  he 
resigned  that  he  might  devote  himself  exclusively  to 
his  profession.  Has  published  "  The  Early  History 
of  Narraganset,"  "  Paper  Money  in  Rhode  Island," 
and  several  essays  on  public  schools  and  suffrage. 

Potter,  Emery  D.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Toledo;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  4,874  votes  against  3,859  votes  for  Tilden, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  7,029  votes  against  4,240  votes  for  Fitcoh, 
Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March 
3,  1851;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan 
United-States  judge  for  the  Territory  of  Utah. 

Potter,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Augusta,  Maine, 
May  11,  1817;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and 
commenced  practice  at  East  Troy,  Wisconsin;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1856;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
13,111  votes  against  12,814  votes  for  Hadley,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  14,428  votes  against  11,171  votes  for  Brown, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  16,197  votes  against  13,508  votes 
for  Arnold,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  12,186  votes  against  14,334  votes  for  Brown, 
Democrat;  was  appointed  governor  of  Nebraska 
Territory  by  President  Lincoln,  but  declined,  and  he 
was  then  appointed  consul-general  of  the  United 
States  for  the  British  Provinces  in  North  America. 

Potter,  Robert,  was  born  in  Granville,  North 
Carojina;  entered  the  United-States  navy  as  a  mid 
shipman  March  2,  1815,  and  resigned  March  26, 
1821;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Halifax,  North  Carolina ; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1826;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  until  March  3,  1831 ; 
moved  by  jealousy,  he  committed  a  brutal  maim  on 
two  male  relatives  of  his  wife  August  28,  1831,  for 
which  lie  was  sentenced  to  six  months'  imprisonment 
and  the  payment  of  one  thousand  dollars'  fine;  re 
moved  to  Texas,  where  he  wras  killed  in  a  disrepu 
table  private  quarrel. 

Potter,  Samuel  J.,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island 
in  1750;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1792  and  in 
1797;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Rhode 
Island,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  October  1, 
1804,  when  he  died. 

Potter,  William  W.,  was  born  in  1790;  re 
sided  at  Belief  onte;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,832  votes  against  6,763  votes 


for  Williamson,  Whig,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,517  votes  against  6,i-!58 
votes  for  William  Irvin,  Whig,  but  died  before  tak 
ing  his  seat,  at  Bellefonte,  October  28,  1839. 

Pottle,  Emory  B.,  was  born  at  Naples,  New 
York;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  lav/;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Naples ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1847;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  9,368  votes  against  3,897  votes  for  Ogden.  Demo 
crat,  and  4,211  votes  for  Oliver,  American;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,5i;8 
votes  against  7,173  votes  for  Ogden,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Potts,  David,  jun.,  was  born  in  Chester  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  in  1793 ;  resided  at  Pottstowii ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig  and  anti-Mason; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
1,325  votes  against  1,008  votes  for  John  Morgan, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3, 
1839;  died  at  Pottstown,  Pennsylvania,  January  17, 
1863. 

Potts,  Richard,  was  born  in  Maryland;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1781  and 
1782 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mary 
land  (in  place  of  Charles  Carroll,  resigned),  serving 
from  February  4,  1793,  to  March  1,  1796,  when  he 
resigned. 

Pound,  Thad  C.,  was  born  at  Elk,  Pennsyl 
vania,  December  6,  1833;  received  an  academic  ed"u- 
cation  at  Milton  Academy,  Wisconsin,  and  Rushford, 
Alleghany  County,  New  York;  removed  to  Rock 
County,  Wisconsin,  in  May,  1856,  and  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  lumber  and  the  mercantile  busi 
ness,  being  president  of  the  Union  Lumbering  Com 
pany,  and  of  the  Chippewa  Falls  and  Western  Rail 
way;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative  Assembly  of 
Wisconsin  in  1864,  1866,  1867,  and  1869,  serving  the 
last  year  as  speaker  pro  tempore ;  was  lieutenant-gov 
ernor  of  Wisconsin  1870  and  1871 ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Republican  National  Convention  at  Philadelphia 
in  1872 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Wis 
consin  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,838  votes  against  13,860  votes  for  George 
W.  Gate,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Powel,  Samuel,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Powell,  Alfred  H.,  was  born  in  Loudpn  County, 
Virginia,  March  6,  1781 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College;  studied  law 
at  Alexandria,  Virginia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1800,  and  commenced  practice  at  Winchester;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1830;  Avas 
stricken  down  by  apoplexy  while  arguing  a  case 
before  the  Chancery  Court  at  Winchester,  Virginia, 
in  1831. 

Powell}  Cuthbert,  was  born  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  in  1779;  was  mayor  of  Alexandria;  re 
moved  to  London  County;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- seventh 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  18-11,  to 
March  3,  1843;  died  at  Langollen,  Virginia,  May  8, 
1849. 

Powell,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Towanda,  Penn 
sylvania,  June  23,  1828;  received  a  common-school 
and  academic  education ;  business  in  early  life  that 
of  merchant,  subsequently  adding  that  of  banker 
and  coal-operator;  had  never  held  public  office  until 
elected  a  representative  in  Congress  from  a  district 
previously  Republican,  and  represented  by  Hon.  D. 


582 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Wilmot,  Hon.  G.  A.  Grow,  and  Hon.  U.  Mercur;  he 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12.183  votes  against  12,082  votes  for  Laporte,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  0,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,958  votes 
against  16,954  votes  for  Edward  Overton,  jun., 
Republican. 

Powell,  Lazarus  "W.,  was  born  in  Henderson 
County,  Kentucky,  October  6,  1812;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  St.  Joseph's  College, 
Bardstowu,  in  1833;  studied  law  at  the  Transylvania 
University;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Henderson,  carrying  on  his 
plantation  at  the  same  time;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1830;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in 
184-1;  was  governor  of  Kentucky  1851-1855;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March 
3,1865;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Con 
vention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866 ;  died  on  his  f ann, 
near  Henderson,  Kentucky,  July  5,  1867. 

Powell,  Levin,  was  born  in  London  County, 
Virginia,  in  1738;  served  through  the  Revolutionary 
war  as  an  officer  of  the  Virginia  line,  and  rose  to 
the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  which  ratified  the  Federal  Consti 
tution;  was  a  candidate  for  Congress,  and  it  was 
recorded  in  the  newspapers  that  "  General  Washing 
ton,  on  the  day  of  election,  mounted  his  old  iron- 
gray  charger,  and  rode  ten  miles  to  the  county 
court-house  to  vote  for  his  brave  brother-soldier, 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Powell,  who  is  happily  elected;" 
he  served  in  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801 ; 
declined  a  re-election;  died  at  Bedford,  Pennsyl 
vania,  August  6,  1810. 

Powell,  Paulus,  was  born  in  Virginia;  resided 
at  Amherst  Court  House ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  3,136  votes  against  3,029  votes 
for  Goggin,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  2,857  votes  against  2,695 
votes  for  Goggin,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  4,751  votes  against  3,912 
votes  for  Mosely,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  3,934  votes  against  3,096 
votes  for  Ligon,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1859;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  3,453  votes  against  5,003 
votes  for  Leake,  Independent  Democrat. 

Powers,  Gershom,  resided  at  Auburn;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Powers,  Llewellyn,  was  born  at  Pittsfield, 
Maine,  in  1838 ;  was  educated  at  Colby  University, 
and  at  the  law  department  of  Albany  University; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Houlton;  was  prosecuting  or  county 
attorney  1864-1871 ;  was  collector  of  customs  for  the 
district  of  Aroostook  1868-1872;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1874-1876;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,880  votes 
against  10,069  votes  for  John  P.  Donworth,  Demo 
crat,  and  968  votes  for  Lyndon  Oak,  Moral  Reformer, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Poydras,  Julian,  was  born  in  Louisiana;  was 
the  founder  and  benefactor  of  the  Female  Orphan 
Asylum  at  New  Orleans;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Orleans  Territory  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving 
from  May  31,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811;  died  June  25, 
1824,  at  Point  Coupee,  Louisiana. 

Pratt,  Daniel  D.,  was  born  at  Palermo,  Maine, 
October  20,  1813;  was  taken  to  the  State  of  New 


York  by  his  parents  when  a  lad;  entered  Hamilton' 
College,  and  graduated  in  1831;  removed  to  Indiana 
in  1832;  taught  school;  went  to  Indianapolis  in 
1834;  wrote  in  the  office  of  the  secretary  of  state, 
and  studied  law  in  the  mean  time  ;  settled  at  Logans- 
port  in  1836,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  legislature  of  Indiana  in  1851  and  1853; 
was  elected  a  representative  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  in  1868  by  a  majority  of  2,287,  and,  before 
taking  his  seat,  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Indiana  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  Thomas  A. 
Hendricks,  Democrat),  serving  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1875;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant 
commissioner  of  internal  revenue,  serving  from  May 
15,  1875,  to  August  1,  1876;  he  died  at  Logansport, 
Indiana,  very  suddenly,  of  heart-disease,  June  17, 
1877. 

Pratt,  Henry  O.,  was  born  at  Foxcroft,  Maine, 
February  11,  1838;  was  educated  at  Foxcroft  Acad 
emy  in  that  State;  studied  law,  and  graduated  at 
the  law  department  of  Harvard  University;  removed 
to  Iowa  in  1862 ;  served  as  a  private  in  the  army  to 
suppress  the  Rebellion;  commenced  the  practice  of 
law  at  Charles  City  in  1864;  was  elected  to  the 
Iowa  House  of  Representatives  in  1869,  and  re- 
elected  in  1871;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Iowa  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  15,615  votes  against  4,574  votes  for 
A.  Y.  Lnsch,  Liberal  Republican;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,725  votes 
against  6,689  votes  for  Bowman,  anti-Monopolist, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877; 
was  ordained  as  a  minister  in  the  Methodist-Episco 
pal  Church. 

Pratt,  James  T.,  was  born  at  Middletown,  Con 
necticut,  in  1805;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural 
pursuits  on  a  farm  at  Sandy  Hill ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 1853, 
to  March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
7,852  votes  against  8,519  votes  for  Clark,  Know- 
Nothing. 

Pratt,  Thomas  G.,  was  born  at  Washington, 
District  of  Columbia,  in  1805;  received  an  academ 
ical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Upper  Marlborough ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
for  several  years,  and  a  State  senator  for  six  years ; 
was  governor  of  Maryland  1844-1847;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Maryland  (in  place  of 
Reverdy  Johnson,  resigned),  serving  from  January 
14,  1850,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1864; 
died  at  Baltimore,  Maryland,  after  a  severe  illness 
and  much  suffering,  from  a  disease  of  the  heart, 
November  9,  1869. 

Pratt,  Zadock,  was  born  at  Stephentown,  New 
York,  October  30,  1790;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  engaged  in  tanning  leather  in  the  Cats- 
kill  Mountains,  where  he  established  a  town  called 
Plattsville;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1830;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren 
ticket  in  1836;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1839;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,967  votes  against  5,772  votes  for 
Palen,  Whig,  and  29  votes  for  Bishop,  Abolitionist, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  ticket  in 
1852;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1852 ;  was  the  president 
of  several  societies  and  associations;  died  at  Bergen, 
New  Jersey,  April  6,  1871. 

Prentiss,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Woices^er, 
Massachusetts,  April  17,  1784;  learned  the  art  of 
printing;  removed  to  Cooperstown,  New  York,  and 
published  "The  Freeman's  Journal"  there  1808- 
1849 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
4,724  votes  against  4,216  votes  for  William  H. 
Averill,  Whig,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1841 ;  died  at  Cooperstown,  New  York, 
June  26,  1864. 

Prentiss,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Stonington.  Con 
necticut,  March  31, 1782;  removed  with  his  father  to 
Worcester,  Massachusetts,  and  subsequently  to  North- 
field,  where  he  commenced  the  study  of  law;  com 
pleted  his  legal  studies  at  Brattleborough,  Vermont, 
with  John  W^  Black ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1802, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Montpelier  in  1803 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  de 
clined  the  office  of  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court,  and  in  1850  permitted  himself  to  be  elected 
chief  justice  of  that  court;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Vermont  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  April  11,  1842^,  when  he 
resigned;  was  appointed  in  1842  judge  of  the  United- 
States  District  Court  in  Vermont,  which  office  he 
held  until  his  death  at  Montpelier,  Vermont,  Janu 
ary  15,  1857. 

Prentiss,  Sergeant  Smith,  was  born  at  Port 
land,  Maine,  September  30, 1808;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1826; 
studied  law  at  Gorham;  removed  to  Mississippi  as  a 
tutor  in  the  family  of  Mrs.  Shields,  near  Natchez; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Vicksburg:  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1835;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  7,161  votes,  but  the  election  was  set 
aside  by  the  House,  and  at  the  second  election  he 
received  12,249  votes,  defeating  his  Democratic  op 
ponent,  serving  from  May  30,  1838,  to  March  3, 1839 ; 
resumed  practice;  removed  in  1845  to  Louisiana, 
where  he  sustained  a  brilliant  reputation  as  a  lawyer 
and  an  orator;  died  at  Longwood,  near  Natchez, 
Mississippi,  July  1,  1850. 

Preston,  Francis  (father  of  William  Campbell 
Preston),  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1770;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Third  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797;  died  May  26, 
1835. 

Preston,  Jacob  A.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
resided  at  Perrymansville;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1845. 

Preston,  W^illiam,  was  born  near  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  October  16,  1816;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  St.  Joseph's  College,  Ken 
tucky;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Louisville;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  Kentucky  vol 
unteers;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1850-1851 ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Scott  ticket  in  1852 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(in  place  of  Humphrey  Marshall,  resigned)  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
receiving  6,609  votes  against  4,847  votes  for  S.  S. 
English,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1852, 
to  March  3.  1855 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Bu 
chanan  minister  to  Spain,  serving  from  December 
15,  1858,  to  May  24,  1861;  returning  home,  he  en 
tered  the  Confederate  army  as  brigadier-general 
April  18,  1S62 ;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  major- 
general  January  1, 1865,  and  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  division  of  Major-General  Pplignac  after  his 
return  to  France ;  was  transferred  in  October,  1863, 
to  the  command  of  a  division  in  Longstreet's  corps, 
Army  of  the  Tennessee,  composed  of  the  brigades  of 
Grade,  Twiggs,  and  Kelly;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House" of  Representatives  in  1868. 

Preston,  William  Ballard,  was  born  in  Mont 
gomery  County,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representa 


tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  3,671  votes  against  3,443  votes-  for 
Chapman,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1849;  was  appointed  by  President  Tay 
lor  secretary  of  the  navy,  serving  from  March  8, 1849, 
to  July  22, 1850;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the 
Provisional  Confederate  Congress  which  assembled 
at  Richmond  in  July,  1861 ;  was  a  senator  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  First  Confederate  Congress  February  22, 
1862,  until  his  death  at  his  residence  at  Blackburg, 
Virginia,  November  14,  1862. 

Preston,  William  Campbell  (son  of  Francis 
Preston),  was  bom  at  Philadelphia  (while  his  father 
was  there  as  a  representative  from  Virginia)  Decem 
ber  27,  1794;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  the  College  of  South  Carolina  in  1812; 
studied  law  under  William  Wirt  at  Richmond; 
travelled  at  home  and  abroad ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1820,  and  in  1822  commenced  practice  at  Co 
lumbia,  South  Carolina ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature,  and  a  trustee  of  the  College  of  South  Car 
olina;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
South  Carolina  as  a  Calhoun  Nullifier,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  until  December,  1842,  when  he 
resigned,  and  resumed  practice ;  was  president  of  the 
College  of  South  Carolina  1846-1851,  and  again  a 
trustee  1851-1857;  and  died  at  Columbia,  South 
Carolina,  May  22,  1860.  He  published  a  "Eulogy 
on  Hugh  S.  Legare,"  with  several  orations  and  ad 
dresses  on  literary  and  historical  subjects. 

Price,  Hiram,  was  born  in  Washington  County, 
Pennsylvania,  January  10,  1814;  received  a  business 
education;  is  president  of  the  State  Bank  of  Iowa; 
was  paymaster-general  of  Iowa  in  1861 ;  was  a  repre 
sentative  from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,433  votes  against  8,930 
votes  for  Thayer,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  16,571  votes  against 
8,822  votes  for  George  II.  Parker,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  16,275  votes  against  9,220  votes  for  Cook, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March 
3,  1869;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  16,439  votes  against  14,683  votes  for 
J.  II.  Murphy,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  16, 
1877. 

Price,  Rodman  M.,  was  born  in  Sussex 
County,  New  Jersey,  November  5,  1816 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  which  was  completed  at  Prince 
ton  College,  but  illness  prevented  his  graduation; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  ap 
pointed  purser  in  the  navy  in  1840,  and  was  stationed 
at  San  Francisco  when  gold  was  discovered  in  Cali 
fornia  ;  was  navy  agent  at  San  Francisco  in  1848,  and 
exercised  judicial  functions  under  the  American 
flag;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  8,286  votes  against  8,149  votes  for  Ryerson, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,469  votes 
against  7,636  votes  for  Pennington,  Whig ;  was  gov 
ernor  of  New  Jersey  1854-1857  ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Peace  Congress  at  Washington  in  1801. 

Price,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Fauquier  County, 
Virginia ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Lew- 
isburg ;  was  clerk  of  the  County  Court  of  Nicholas 
County  in  1831,  and  State's  attorney  of  that  county 
in  1833;  was  a  delegate  to  the  legislature  from 
Nicholas  and  Fayette  Counties  1834-1836 ;  was  Com 
monwealth's  attorney  for  Braxton  County  from  1836 
to  1850;  was  a  delegate  to  the  legislature  from 
Greenbrier  County  from  1847  to  1852,  except  for  one 
year;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  1850-1851  and  of  1861 ;  was  elected  lieuten 
ant-governor  of  Virginia  in  1863,  and  continued 
until  the  close  of  the  war ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  West  Virginia  in  1872, 
and  president  thereof;  was  elected  circuit-judge  in 


584 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1865,  but  not  commissioned  by  the  governor,  as  he 
could  not  take  the  test-oath;  was  appointed  to  the 
United-States  Senate  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Allen  Taylor  Caperton)  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1876,  to  January  31,  1877. 
Price,  Sterling,  was  born  in  Prince  Edward 
County,  Virginia,  in  September,  18G9;  received  an 
academical  education;  removed  to  Missouri,  and 
settled  at  Keytesville ;  was  a  prominent  Freemason ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  August  12,  184(5,  when  he  re 
signed  to  take  command  of  a  regiment  of  volunteer 
cavalry  for  the  Mexican  war;  distinguished  himself, 
and  was  made  brigadier-general ;  was  governor  of 
Missouri  1853-1857 ;  took  part  in  the  organization  of 
Kansas;  was  elected  State  bank  commissioner;  or- 

fanized  in  1861  an  armed  force,  called  the  Missouri 
tate  Guard,  which  he  commanded;  was  received 
into  the  Confederate  forces,  March  6, 1862,  as  major- 
general  commanding  the  Missouri  State  Guard ; 
commanded  the  Confederate  Military  District  of 
Arkansas,  and  afterwards  the  Confederate  Army  of 
the  West;  was  placed  in  1864  in  command  of  a 
division  composed  of  the  brigades  of  Drayton, 
Churchill,  Tappan,  and  Parsons ;  distinguished  him 
self  in  several  engagements ;  went  to  Mexico  at  the 
close  of  the  war,  and  organized  a  bureau  of  immigra 
tion,  but  returned  to  Missouri ;  and  died  at  St.  Louis 
September  29,  1867. 

Price,  Thomas  L.,  resided  at  Lexington;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  John  W.  Reid,  ex 
pelled)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  January  21, 
1862,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  defeated  as  the  Dem 
ocratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  4,333  votes  against  4,930  votes  for  McClurg, 
Emancipationist;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1864;  died  at 
Lexington,  Missouri,  July  15,  1870. 

Price,  William  P.,  was  born  January  29, 1835; 
was  placed  at  the  printer's  trade  when  ten  years  of 
age,  and  became  master  of  the  art ;  entered  Furman 
University  at  Greenville,  South  Carolina,  in  1854,  but 
left,  without  graduating,  to  take  editorial  charge  of 
a  newspaper ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1856  at  Charleston ;  practised  law  at  Greenville, 
South  Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
South  Carolina  in  1864, 1865,  and  1866;  returned  to 
Georgia  in  1866;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature 
of  Georgia  in  1868 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,333  votes  against  3,il3  votes  for  Wimpey, 
Republican,  and  1,298  votes  for  Findlay,  Independent 
Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,338  votes 
against  3,911  votes  for  Wimpey,  Republican,  and  825 
votes  for  Boyd,  Independent  Democrat,  serving  from 
February  24,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Pridmore,  A.  L.,  was  born  in  Scott  County, 
Virginia,  June  27,  1837 ;  was  brought  up  on  a  farm ; 
by  his  own  exertions,  alternately  teaching  and  going 
to  school,  he  attained  a  fair  English  education ;  in 
August,  1861,  he  raised  a  company  of  volunteer  in 
fantry,  and  served  as  its  captain  until  June,  1862, 
when  he  was  promoted  major  of  the  Twenty-first 
Battalion  of  Virginia  Infantry;  was  again  promoted 
in  December,  1862,  lieutenant-colonel  of  infantry, 
and  in  October,  1863,  colonel  of  cavalry,  and  com 
manded  the  Sixty-four-th  Virginia  Cavalry  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Vir 
ginia  House  of  Delegates  in  March,  1865,  but  the 
close  of  the  war  prevented  him  from  taking  his  seat ; 
commenced  the  study  of  law  in  1865;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  has  since  practised  at  Jonesville ;  was 
a  member  of  the  Virginia  State  Senate  1871-1875; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,127 
votes  against  4,791  votes  for  George  T.  Egbert,  Re 
publican,  sen  ing  from  October  15,  1877. 


Prince,  Charles  H.,  was  born  at  Buckfield,  Ox 
ford  County,  Maine,  May  9,  1837;  was  reared  on  his 
father's  farm,  attending  the  public  school  in  the 
winters ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  captain ;  was  cashier  of  the  Freed- 
man's  Branch  Bank  at  Augusta,  Georgia;  was  State 
superintendent  of  freedmeu's  schools;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  July  25, 1868, 
to  March  3, 1869. 

Prince,  Oliver  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bai,  and  commenced  practice  at  Ma- 
con,  Georgia;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Georgia  (in  place  of  Thomas  W.  Cobb,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  1, 1828,  to  March  3, 1829;  was 
lost  at  sea  in  the  steamer  "Home"  October  9,  1837. 
He  published  a  "Digest  of  the  Laws  of  Georgia." 

Prince,  W^illiam,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  1824,  when  he  died  at 
Princeton,  Indiana. 

Prindle,  Elizur  H.,  was  born  at  Newton,  Con 
necticut,  May  6,  1829;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law,  and  practised ;  was  district-attor 
ney  of  Chenango  County,  New  York,  in  1860,  1861, 
and  1802 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  of 
New  York  in  1863 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1867-1868;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,752  votes 
against  14,389  votes  for  J.  Juliand,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Pringle,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Richfield.  New 
York,  November  9,  1807;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  for  several  years,  but  relinquished  the 
profession  on  being  made  president  of  the  Bank  of 
Genesee  at  Batavia;  was  judge  of  the  Genesee-coun- 
ty  courts  for  one  year ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  9,386  votes  against  8,903  votes  for 
Sherman,  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,510  votes  against  2,483 
votes  for  Betden,Democrat,  and3,829votes  forLaning, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1857 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1863 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Lin 
coln  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Arbitration  at  Cape 
Town  under  the  treaty  with  Great  Britain. 

Profit,  George  H.,  resided  at  Petersburg,  In 
diana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,009 
votes  against  5,170  votes  for  Robert  Dale  Owen, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  T\venty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1843;  transferred  his  political  allegiance  to  Presi 
dent  Tyler;  was  appointed  by  President  Tyler  minis 
ter  to  Brazil  June  7,  1843,  and  returned  August  10, 
1844,  the  Senate  not  having  confirmed  his  appoint 
ment;  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  September  5, 
1847. 

Prosser,  "William  F.,  was  born  at  Williams- 
port,  Pennsylvania,  March  16,  1834;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education ;  studied  law,  but  never  prac 
tised  ;  went  across  the  plains  to  California  in  1854 ; 
engaged  in  mining  and  trading ;  served  as  lieutenant 
in  the  volunteer  Indian  service  in  1858  and  1859  on 
the  northern  coast  of  that  State ;  was  the  first  candi 
date  of  the  Republican  party  for  any  office  in  Trinity 
County,  California,  where  he  was  nominated  for  the 
legislature  in  1860,  and,  in  a  county  strongly  Demo 
cratic,  came  within  200  votes  of  an  election;  Avhen 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion  broke  out,  in  1861,  he  re 
turned  from  California,  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  "Anderson  troop;"  served  through  the  war  in 
the  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  participated  in  almost 
all  of  its  battles;  was  captured,  paroled,  and  ex 
changed  in  1862;  served  as  quartermaster  of  the 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


585 


Fifteenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  until  that  regiment 
left  Louisville  for  Nashville  in  December,  1862, 
when  he  was  placed  in  command  of  one  of  its  com 
panies,  and  in  that  capacity  took  part  in  the  battle 
of  Stone  Eiver;  shortly  after  was  transferred  to  the 
Second  Tennessee  Cavalry,  of  which  he  was  adjutant 
during  its  organization ;  was  commissioned  major  in 
March,  1863,  lieutenant-colonel  in  March,  1864,  and 
colonel  in  June,  1865 ;  in  the  latter  part  of  1864  com 
manded  a  brigade  of  cavalry  then  serving  in  the  dis 
trict  of  North  Alabama ;  at  the  close  of  the  war  he 
purchased  the  farm  near  Nashville,  which  he  culti 
vates,  and  where  he  resides ;  in  1 867  he  was  elected  to 
the  lower  House  of  the  legislature  by  the  Republican 
party  of  Davidson  County ;  was  elected  speaker  pro 
tempore  in  February,  1869,  pending  the  investigation 
of  certain  charges  against  the  speaker  of  the  House 
of  Representatives;  in  December,  1867,  he  was  elect 
ed  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Tennessee  and  Pacific 
Railroad  Company;  in  March,  1868,  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  directors  on  the  part  of  the  State  for  the 
Edgefield  and  Kentucky  Railroad ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  a  vote  of  5,804, 
which  was  largely  reduced  by  the  intimidation  and 
violence  made  use  of  by  the  rebel  element  of  the 
district,  against  2,655  votes  for  Motley,  Democrat, 
1,817  votes  for  Mercer,  Independent  Republican,  and 
80  votes  for  Garrett,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1871 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  can 
didate  for  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,428 
votes  against  7,991  votes  for  Edward  I.  Gollady,  Dem 
ocrat,  and  3,525  votes  for  Bailie  Peyton,  Independent 
Democratic  Conservative. 

Pruyn,  John  V.  L.,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York,  in  1811;  was  educated  at  the  Albany  Acad 
emy  ;  received  a  degree  at  Rutgers  College ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Albany;  was  appointed  master  in  chan 
cery  by  Governor  Marcy;  was  appointed  a  regent  of 
the  State  University  in  1844,  and  in  1862  became 
chancellor  of  the  university,  and  president  of  the 
board  of  regents  (a  position  which  he  held  to  the 
time  of  his  death) ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1861 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Erastus  Corning) 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1865;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  15,920  votes  against  14,972  votes 
for  J.  H.  Ramsey,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1867,  to  March  3,  1869;  died  at  Clifton  Springs,  New 
York,  November  21,  1877. 

Pry  or,  Roger  A.,  was  born  in  Dinwiddie  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  July  19,  1828;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Hampden-Sidney  College  in 
1845;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Petersburg,  but  abandoned  it 
on  account  of  ill  health;  commenced  writing  for  the 
press;  was  on  the  editorial  staff  of  "  The  Washington 
Union"  in  1852,  and  of  "The  Richmond  Enquirer" 
in  1855;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  in  1855 
special  commissioner  to  Greece;  established  "The 
South"  in  1857,  and,  after  it  had  failed,  was  on  the 
staff  of  "The  Washington  States;"  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  (in  place  of  William  O.  Goode,  deceased), 
serving  from  December  7,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861; 
served  in  the  Rebellion  as  brigadier-general  from 
April  16,  1862,  until  July  19,  1862,  when  he  resigned; 
was  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Confeder 
ate  House  of  Representatives ;  was  captured  by  the 
Union  troops  in  November,  1864,  and  imprisoned  in 
Fort  Lafayette,  but  soon  afterwards  released ;  he  has 
subsequently  practised  law  in  New- York  City. 

Pugh,  George  Ellis,  was  born  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  November  28,  1822;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Miami  University  in  1840;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio ;  served  in  the 


Mexican  war  as  captain  of  the  Fourth  Ohio  Volun 
teers  and  as  aide-de-camp  to  General  Lane ;  returning 
to  Cincinnati  in  1848,  he  became  the  partner  of 
George  H.  Pendleton;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1848  and  1849;  was  city  solicitor  in 
1850 ;  was  State  attorney-general  in  1851 ;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Ohio  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  lieu 
tenant-governor  in  1863;  was  nominated  at  the  head 
of  the  Democratic  electoral  ticket  of  Ohio  in  1864, 
but  declined  to  serve;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
7,464  votes  against  9,893  votes  for  Benjamin  Eggles- 
ton,  Unionist;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention,  but  withdrew  from  its  delibera 
tions,  and  afterwards  devoted  himself  entirely  to 
his  profession;  died  at  Cincinnati  of  an  attack  of 
gout  July  19,  1870. 

Pugh,  J.  Howard,  was  born  in  Chester  County, 
Pennsylvania,  June  23,  1827;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  medicine,  and  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1852 ;  commenced  the 
practice  of  medicine  in  Burlington  in  1854,  where  he 
has  since  resided ;  is  president  of  the  Mechanics'  Na 
tional  Bank  of  Burlington,  to  which  position  he  was 
elected  in  1869;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  16,015  votes  against  15,485  votes  for 
Hezekiah  B.  Smith,  Democrat,  serving  from  October 
15,  1877. 

Pugh,  James  L.,  was  born  in  Burke  County, 
Georgia,  in  1820;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Alabama;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  January  21,  1861,  when  he  re 
tired  from  the  House,  his  State  having  seceded  from 
the  Union;  was  a  member  from  Alabama  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  the  First  and  Second 
Confederate  Congresses,  serving  from  February  22, 
1862,  to  the  surrender  in  1864. 

Pugh,  John,  was  born  at  Hilltown,  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Ninth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to 
March  3,  1809. 

Purdy,  Smith  M.,  was  born  in  Chenango 
County,  New  York ;  resided  at  Norwich ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,560  votes 
against  7,597  votes  for  Hunt,  Whig,  and  175  votes  for 
Avery,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843, 
to  March  3,  1845. 

Purman,  William  J.,  was  born  in  Centre 
County,  Pennsylvania,  April  11,  1840;  received  a 
liberal  education,  and  studied  law  at  Lock  Haven, 
Pennsylvania ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private, 
and  served  on  special  duty  at  the  War  Department 
until  transferred  to  Florida  in  1865;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  in  1868; 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1868 ;  was  secre 
tary  of  state  in  1868;  was  judge  of  Jackson  County 
Court  in  1868-1869 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate  in  1869  for  a  term  of  four  years ;  was  chairman  of 
the  Florida  and  Alabama  Annexation  Commission  in 
1869-1870;  was  assessor  of  United-States  internal 
revenue  for  the  district  of  Florida  in  1870-1872 ;  was 
chairman  of  the  Republican  State  Executive  Com 
mittee  in  1871-1872;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Florida  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  17,537  votes  against  15,811  votes 
for  C.  W.  Jones,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,710  votes  against  8,618  votes  for  John  A.  Hender 
son,  Democrat;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
12,623  votes  against  13,163  votes  for  Robert  H.  M. 
Davidson,  Conservative  Democrat. 


586 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Purviance,  Samuel  A.,  was  born  at  Butler, 
Pennsylvania,  November  8,  1809;  was  a  student  at 
Washington  College,  but  did  not  graduate;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  But 
ler;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Convention 
in  1836;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1838  and  1839;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,926 
votes  against  3,832  votes  for  Palmer,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
6,840  votes  against  4,854  votes  for  Gibson,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Purviance,  Samuel  D.,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  17,  1803,  to  March  3, 1805. 

Puryear,  Richard  C.,  was  born  at  Mecklen 
burg,  Virginia,  February  9,  1801;  received  a  good 
English  education;  engaged  in  farming  and  mer 
chandising;  removed  to  Huntsville,  North  Carolina; 
was  elected  in  1838  to  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives,  in  1840  to  the  State  Senate,  and  again  in 
1844,  1846,  and  1852,  to  the  House;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,173  votes 
against  5,788  votes  for  Boyd,  Democrat;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  re 
ceiving  6,516  votes  against  6,150  votes  for  Scales, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1857 ;  was  defeated  as  the  American  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  6,950  votes 
against  7,679  votes  for  Scales,  Democrat;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  North  Carolina  to  the  Confederate  Pro 
visional  Congress  which  assembled  at  Richmond 
in  July,  1861. 

Putnam,  Harvey,  was  bom  in  Genesee  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  in  1793 ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Attica;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
fress  (in  place  of  William  Patterson,  deceased)  as  a 
VTiig,  serving  from  December  3,  1838,  to  March  3, 
1839;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1843-1846; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
5,489  votes  against  2,730  votes  for  Smith,  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  and  2,575  votes  for  Willett,  Cass  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1851;  died  at  Attica,  New  York,  September  21, 
1855. 

Quarles,  James  M.,  was  born  in  Louisa  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  February  8,  1823;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Kentucky  in  1833 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice;  removed  to  Clarksville, 
Tennessee;  was  State  attorney  for  the  Tenth  Ju 
dicial  District;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  National 
American,  receiving  6,994  votes  against  6,236  votes 
for  Menees,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Quarles,  Tunstall,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky;  was  county-judge;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Kentxicky  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  1820,  when  he  re 
signed;  removed  to  Cape  Girardeau,  Missouri,  where 
he  was  receiver  of  public  moneys  in  the  United- 
States_  land-office. 

Quincy,  Josiah,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massachu 
setts,  February  4,  1772;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1790;  studied 
law  with  William  Tudor;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Boston;  was  successively 
defeated  as  the  Federal  candidate  for  the  Seventh 
and  Eighth  Congresses,  the  successful  candidate  for 
the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses  being  William 
Eustis,  Democrat;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


Massachusetts  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Federalist ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  receiving  2,904  votes 
against  1,805  votes  for  Jarvis,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1813;  declined  a  re-elec 
tion;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1813-1820,  and,  in  1821  and  1822,  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1820;  was  judge  of  the  Municipal  Court  of  Boston 
in  1822 ;  was  mayor  of  Boston  1823-1829,  when  he 
failed  to  obtain  a  re-election ;  was  president  of  Har 
vard  College  1829-1845 ;  died  at  his  country-house  at 
Quincy  July  1,  1864.  He  published  a  ''Memoir  of 
Josiah  Quincy,  Jun.,"  "History  of  Harvard  Uni 
versity"  (two  volumes),  "  Speeches  in  Congress,  and 
Orations,"  "Life  of  J.  Q.  Adams,"  "History  of 
the  Boston  Athenaeum,"  "Essays  on  the  Soiling  of 
Cattle,"  "  Memoir  of  James  Grahame,"  "  Journals 
and  Memoir  of  Major  Samuel  Shaw,"  "Municipal 
History  of  Boston,"  and  Centennial  Address  on  the 
two  hundreth  anniversary  of  Boston. 

Quinn,  Terence  J.,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York,  October  16,  1836;  was  educated  at  public 
schools  and  at  the  Albany  Academy;  was  by  pro 
fession  a  brewer;  was  an  alderman  1860-1863  and 
1869-1871 ;  volunteered  with  the  Twenty-fifth  Regi 
ment  New- York  State  Militia  as  second  lieutenant 
for  the  defence  of  Washington  in  April,  1861,  and 
again  in  1862,  when  the  regiment  was  sent  to  Suffolk, 
Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  for 
the  session  of  1874;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  17,497  votes  against  16,597  votes 
for  Hamilton  Harris,  Republican,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  15,  1877,  until  he  died  at  Albany,  June  18,  1878, 
from  a  cold  contracted  at  Washington. 

Quitman,  John  Anthony,  was  born  at  Rhine- 
beck,  New  York,  September  1,  1799;  received  a  clas 
sical  education;  studied  theology  with  his  father, 
Rev.  Dr.  Quitman;  studied  law  at  Philadelphia;  was 
professor  of  law  in  Mount-Airy  College,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1818;  removed  to  Ohio  in  1820,  locating  at 
Chillicothe,  and  afterwards  at  Delaware,  where  he 
practised  law,  and  was  initiated  in  Freemasonry;  re 
moved  in  1821  to  Natchez,  Mississippi,  where  he 
married,  and  soon  became  distinguished  in  his  pro 
fession;  was  grand  master  of  Masons  of  Mississippi 
1826-1838,  1845-1846;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  in  the  State  legislature  in  1827 ;  was 
appointed  chancellor  of  the  State  in  1830,  and,  when 
a  change  in  the  constitution  rendered  that  office 
elective  in  1832,  was  elected  for  six  years ;  resigned 
in  1835  on  being  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  which 
chose  him  president,  and  thus  made  him  ex  officio 
governor  for  a  time;  visited  England  in  1839  in 
behalf  of  the  Mississippi  Railroad,  of  which  he  was 
the  president;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  High 
Court  of  Appeals  in  1840;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war  as  brigadier  and  as  major  general,  especially 
distinguishing  himself  at  Monterey  and  Chapultepec ; 
was  chosen  presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and 
Butler  ticket  in  1848;  received  the  thirty-third  de 
gree  of  Masonry  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in 
1848;  was  governor  of  Mississippi  in  1850-1851;  was 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  6,558  votes  against  4,499  votes  for  Ilillyer, 
Know-Nothing ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  without  opposition, 
serving  from  December  1,  1855,  until  his  death  at 
"  Monmouth,"  his  plantation  in  Mississippi,  July  17, 
1858.  His  "Life  and  Correspondence"  was  pub 
lished  by  J.  F.  H.  Clairborne  in  two  volumes. 

Radf ord,  William,  was  born  at  Poughkeepsie, 
New  York,  June  24,  1814;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  removed  to  New  York  in  1829,  and  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  Avas  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,878  votes  against  7,921 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


587 


votes  for  Haight,  Republican,  and  2,576  for  Sufforin, 
Independent;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  13,033  votes  against  10,213  votes 
for  Larkin,  Republican,  sen-ing  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1807;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
9,957  votes  against  12,012  votes  for  William  H.  Rob 
ertson,  Republican;  died  at  Yonkers,  New  York, 
January  18,  1870. 

Rainey,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  at  Georgetown, 
South  Carolina  (where  both  of  his  parents  were 
slaves,  but,  by  their  industry,  obtained  their  freedom), 
June  21,  1832;  although  debarred  by  law  from  at 
tending  school,  he  acquired  a  good  education,  and 
further  improved  his  mind  by  observation  and  travel; 
his  father  was  a  barber,  and  he  followed  that  occu 
pation  at  Charleston  till  1862,  when,  having  been 
forced  to  work  on  the  fortifications  of  the  Confed 
erates,  he  escaped  to  the  West  Indies,  where  he  re 
mained  until  the  close  of  the  war,  when  he  returned 
to  his  native  town ;  he  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1868,  arid  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  South  Carolina  in 
1370,  resigning  when  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  non-recep 
tion  of  B.  F.  Whittemore)  by  a  majority  of  17,193 
votes  over  Dudley,  Conservative;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty- second  Congress,  receiving  20,221  votes 
against  11,628  votes  for  C.  W.  Dudley,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
19,7C5  votes,  being  all  that  were  cast ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  14,370  votes 
against  13,563  votes  for  Samuel  Lee,  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
18,180  votes  against  16,661  votes  for  J.  S.  Richard 
son,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869. 

Ramsay,  David  (brother  of  Nathaniel  Ramsay), 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania  April  2,  1749;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1765;  was  for  two  years  tutor  in  a  Maryland  fam 
ily;  studied  medicine;  was  admitted  to  practice,  and 
located  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in  1773;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1776-1783;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  a 
surgeon,  and  was  at  the  siege  of  Savannah ;  was  cap 
tured  at  the  fall  of  Charleston  in  May,  1780,  and  im 
prisoned  for  eleven  months  at  St.  Augustine,  Florida; 
was  a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1782-1786;  was  for  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate,  and  its  president;  he  was 
mortally  wounded  by  a  maniac,  and  died  two  days 
afterward,  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  May  8, 1815. 
He  published  "  History  of  the  Revolution  in  South 
Carolina  "  (two  volumes),  "  History  of  the  American 
Revolution"  (two  volumes),  "  Life  of  Washington," 
"  History  of  South  Carolina,"  "  Memoirs  of  Martha 
L.  Ramsay,"  "Means  of  Preserving  Health  in 
Charleston,"  "  History  of  the  Independent  Church 
in  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  from  its  Origin  to 
1814,"  "Universal  History  Americanized"  (eight 
volumes),  an  "  Oration  on  the  Acquisition  of  Louisi 
ana,"  and  "  Eulogium  on  Dr.  Rush." 

Ramsay,  Nathaniel  (brother  of  David  Ram 
say),  was  born  in  Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania; 
'received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  New- 
Jersey  College  in  1767;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
army,  and  commanded  a  Maryland  regiment,  at  the 
head  of  which  he  distinguished  himself  in  the  battle 
of  Monmouth;  was  made  prisoner  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  and  confined  at  St.  Augustine ;  was 
a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1785-1787;  died  October  25,  1817. 

Ramsay,  Robert,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Harts- 
ville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  4,047  votes  against  4,038  votes  for  Davis, 


Democrat,  sen-ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1843. 

Ramsey,  Alexander,  was  born  near  Harris- 
burg,  Pennsylvania,  September  8,  1815;  studied  at 
Lafayette  College,  Eastou,  Pennsylvania;  was  secre 
tary  of  the  Electoral  College  of  Pennsylvania  in  1840; 
was  clerk  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
591  majority  over  David  Umberger,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
7,915  votes  against  7,401  votes  for  A.  Holmes,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was 
appointed  Territorial  governor  of  Minnesota  in  1849, 
holding  office  until  1853;  was  mayor  of  St.  Paul, 
Minnesota,  in  1855 ;  was  governor  of  Minnesota  1859- 
1803;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Min 
nesota  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  Henry  M.  Rice, 
Democrat) ;  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  18(53,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Ramsey,  William,  was  born  at  Sterrett's  Gap, 
Pennsylvania,  September  7,  1779;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  held  the  office  of  county-clerk; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Carlisle;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twentieth  Congress 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Carlisle,  Pennsyl 
vania,  September  5,  1831. 

Ramsey,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania,  June  12,  1810;  received  a  classical 
education,  which  was  completed  at  Dickinson  Col 
lege,  but,  his  health  failing,  he  did  not  graduate ;  went 
abroad,  and  was  an  attache  to  the  American  legation 
at  London,  Mr.  Stevenson  being  the  minister;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat, 
receiving  5,572  votes  against  4,144  votes  for  Frederick 
Watts,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to 
October  17,  i.840 ;  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  a  few  weeks  afterwards  com 
mitted  suicide  at  Barnum's  Hotel,  Baltimore,  by 
shooting  himself  in  the  right  eye,  October  17,  1840. 

Randall,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Maryland ; 
resided  at  Annapolis;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  7,783  votes  against  7,657  votes  for 
Murray,  Opposition,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1843. 

Randall,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  in  1789;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1809;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Bath,  Maine  (then  Massachusetts);  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1833 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  John  D.  McCrate,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
1,200  majority  over  Joseph  Sewall,  Van  Buren  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1843 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Taylor  collector  of 
customs  for  the  port  of  Bath,  and  held  the  office  at 
the  time  of  his  death,  October  14,  1857. 

Randall,  Samuel  J.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia 
October  10,  1828;  received  an  academic  education; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a  member  of 
the  city  councils  of  Philadelphia  four  years ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Pennsylvania  in  1858 
and  1859 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,720  votes  against  6,273  votes  for  Webb, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,764  votes  against  7,742  votes  for 
Butler,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  12, 192  votes  against  7,728  votes 
for  Gibbons,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  14,745  votes  against  8,408 
votes  for  Berry,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  10,853  votes  against 


588 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


6, 705  votes  f or  B.  Huckell,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  10,133  votes 
against  8,845  votes  for  D.  F.  Houston,  Republican ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  9,703  votes  against  7,060  votes  for  David  F. 
Houston,  Republican,  and  was  chosen  speaker  at  the 
last  session;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  11,751  votes  against  8,989  votes  for 
Benjamin  L.  Barry,  Republican,  and  was  chosen 
speaker  of  the  House,  serving  from  December  7, 
1803. 

Randall,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  commenced  practice 
at  London,  Kentucky;  was,  by  appointment,  clerk  of 
the  circuit  and  county  courts  of  Laurel  County  1836- 
1851,  and  one  year  by  election  after  the  adoption  of 
the  new  constitution;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  7,898  votes  against  19(5  votes 
for  Bradley,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  10,634  votes  against  3,824 
votes  for  Garrard,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Randolph,  Edmund,  was  born  in  Virginia 
August  10,  1753 ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Williamsburg;  entered  the  Revo 
lutionary  army  as  aide-de-camp  to  Washington  in 
1775;  was  attorney-general  of  Virginia  July,  1776; 
was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1779-1782;  was  governor  of  Virginia  1786- 
1788 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Convention  that  framed 
the  Federal  Constitution;  was  appointed  by  Wash 
ington  attorney-general  of  the  United  States  Septem 
ber  20, 1789 ;  was  transferred  to  the  State  Department 
as  secretary  of  state  January  2,  1794;  was  invited  to 
resign  in  August,  1795,  having  lost  the  confidence  of 
the  President  in  consequence  of  an  intrigue  with  the 
administration;  died  in  Frederick  County,  Virginia, 
September  12, 1813.  He  published  "  A  Vindication  " 
of  his  resignation. 

Randolph,  James  F.,  was  born  in  Middlesex 
County,  New  Jersey,  June  26,  1791 ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education ;  learned  the  art  of  printing ;  was 
editor  of  "The  New-Brunswick  Fredoniad "  1812- 
1842 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  ;  was  clerk  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of 
Middlesex  County;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  (in  place  of 
George  Holcombe,  deceased);  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  1,  1828,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  presi 
dent  of  a  bank  at  New  Brunswick  for  ten  years;  died 
at  Jersey  City,  New  Jersey,  March  19,  1871. 

Randolph,  James  H.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Tennessee,  October  19,  1825;  was  educated 
at  Holston  College,  Newmarket,  Tennessee;  read 
law,  and  commenced  practice  in  1850;  was  elected  to 
the  State  legislature  for  1857  and  1858,  and  again  in 
1860-1861;  was  elected  to  the  Senate  in  1865;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Second  Judicial  Circuit  of  Ten 
nessee  in  1869,  and  re-elected  after  the  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1870,  which  office  he  held  until  he 
resigned  to  become  a  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,349  votes 
against  11,215  votes  for  William  McFarland,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Randolph,  John,  was  born  in  Chesterfield 
County,  Virginia,  June  2,  1773;  received  a  classical 
education,  and  remained  a  short  time  at  Princeton, 
Columbia,  and  William  and  Mary  Colleges ;  studied 
law  with  Edmund  Randolph,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1813 ; 
was  an  anti-Madison  candidate  for  election  as  a  rep^ 
resentative  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  but  was 
defeated  by  John  W.  Eppes,  War  Democrat,  a  son- 
ia-law  of  Thomas  Jefferson ;  was  again  elected  to  the 


Fourteenth  Congress,  defeating  John  W.  Eppes  by 
32  majority,  serving  from  December  4, 1815,  to  March 
3,  1817 ;  was  again  defeated  for  re-election  to  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress  by  Archibald  Austin,  Democrat; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  defeat 
ing  Archibald  Austin  by  490  majority;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses ;  was 
transferred  in  1825  to  the  Senate  to  fill  the  vacancy 
by  the  appointment  of  James  Barbour  as  secretary  of 
war;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  re-election  to 
the  Senate  in  1827  by  John  Tyler,  but  was  returned 
as  a  representative  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1829;  was  a  member  of  the 
Virginia  Constitutional  Convention ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Jackson  minister  to  Russia  May  26, 
1830,  and  served  until  September  19,  1830,  when  he 
returned  home;  he  died  at  Philadelphia  May  24, 
1833.  His  life  was  written  by  Garland  in  1850,  and 
by  Parton  in  1867. 

Randolph,  Joseph  Fitz,  was  bom  in  New 
Jersey  in  1803 ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Freehold;  was  appointed 
prosecuting-attorney  for  Monmouth  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843; 
resided  his  two  last  terms  at  New  Brunswick ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1844;  was  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1845- 
1852;  removed  to  Trenton,  and  practised  there;  re 
moved  to  Jersey  City,  and  died  there,  after  a  long 
illness,  March  20,  1873. 

Randolph,  Peyton,  was  born  near  Williams- 
burg,  Virginia,  1723;  received  a  classical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  was  ap 
pointed  king's  colonial  attorney  in  1756;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Virginia  House  of  Burgesses  for  many 
years,  and  was  several  times  elected  its  speaker:  was 
a  prominent  Freemason ;  was  a  member  of  the  Vir 
ginia  Convention  of  1773,  and  was  elected  its  presi 
dent;  was  appointed  a  delegate  to  the  First  Conti 
nental  Congress,  which  met  at  Philadelphia  Septem 
ber  5,  1774,  and  was  elected  its  president,  but  was 
forced  to  resign  the  next  month  on  account  of  ill 
health;  was  re-appointed  to  the  Second  Congress, 
which  met  at  Philadelphia  May  10,  1775,  but  was 
again  forced  to  resign  in  a  few  days  on  account  of  ill 
health,  and  return  to  Virginia;  resuming  his  seat  in 
the  fall,  he  died  suddenly  of  an  apoplectic  fit  October 
22,  1775;  his  remains  were  brought  from  Philadel 
phia  to  Williamsburg  by  Edmund  Randolph,  his 
nephew,  and  deposited  in  the  family  vault  in  the 
college  chapel  with  suitable  ceremonies. 

Randolph,  Theodore  F.  (son  of  James  F. 
Randolph,  member  of  Congress  from  1826  to  1832), 
was  born  at  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey,  June  24, 
1826;  received  an  ordinaiy  education  at  Rutgers 
Grammar  School;  was  by  occupation  a  merchant, 
iron  and  coal  producer,  and  president  of  the  Morris 
and  Essex  Railroad ;  was  elected  to  the  House  of  As 
sembly  of  the  State  legislature  in  1859,  to  the  Senate 
of  New  Jersey  in  1862  (short  term),  and  re-elected  in 
1863  (full  term);  was  elected  governor  of  the  State 
of  New  Jersey  in  1869,  serving  until  1872;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conventions  of 
1804  and  1872,  and  is  now  the  New-Jersey  member  of 
the  National  Democratic  Committee,  and  chairman 
of  the  Executive  Committee  of  that  body ;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey  as  a  Demo 
crat  (to  succeed  John  P.  Stockton,  Democrat),  and 
took  his  seat  March  4,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will 
expire  March  3,  1881. 

Randolph,  Thomas  Mann  (son-in-law  of 
Thomas  Jefferson),  was  born  in  Virginia;  received  a 
liberal  education ;  was  appointed  by  President  Madi 
son  colonel  of  the  Twentieth  Infantry,  serving  from 
March  3,  1813,  to  March  13,  1814;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


589 


a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807 ;  was 
governor  of  Virginia  1819-1822;  died  at  Monticello 
June  20,  1828. 

Rankin,  Christopher,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Pennsylvania;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  removed  to  Natchez,  Mississippi;  held  sev 
eral  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  defeating 
Cowles  Mead;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  defeating  George  Poindexter;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  defeating  George 
Poindexter;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  14, 
1820,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Ransier,  Alonzo  J.,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  in  January,  1834;  was  self-educated; 
was  employed  as  shipping-clerk  in  1850  by  a  leading 
merchant,  who  was  tried  for  violation  of  law  in 
"hiring  a  colored  clerk,"  and  fined  one  cent  with 
costs ;  was  one  of  the  foremost  in  the  work  of  recon 
struction  in  1805;  was  a  member  of  a  convention  of 
the  friends  of  equal  rights  in  October,  1805,  at 
Charleston,  and  was  deputed  to  present  the  memorial 
there  framed  to  Congress;  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1808;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in 
the  State  legislature  in  1809;  was  chosen  chairman 
of  the  State  Republican  Central  Committee,  which 
position  he  held  until  1872;  was  elected  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket  in 
1808 ;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  South  Caro 
lina  in  1870  by  a  large  majority;  was  president  of 
the  Southern-States  Convention  at  Columbia  in  1871 ; 
was  chosen  a  delegate  to,  and  was  a  vice-president 
of,  the  Philadelphia  Convention  which  nominated 
Grant  and  Wilson  in  1872;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  20,001  votes  against 
6,549  votes  for  W.  Gurney,  Independent  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Ransom,  Matt  W.,  was  born  in  Warren  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  in  1826;  received  an  academic 
education ;  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1847;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  on  graduating  in  1847 ;  is  a  lawyer  and  planter ; 
was  elected  attorney-general  of  North  Carolina  in 
1852,  and  resigned  in  1855;  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  North  Carolina  in  1858,  1859,  and  1800; 
was  a  peace  commissioner  from  the  State  of  North 
Carolina  to  the  Congress  of  Southern  States  at  Mont 
gomery,  Alabama,  in  1801 ;  entered  the  Confederate 
army,  serving  as  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  briga 
dier-general,  and  major-general,  and  surrendered  at 
Appomattox ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
North  Carolina  as  a  Democrat  in  January,  1872 ;  took 
his  seat  April  24,  1872,  and  was  re-elected  in  1870; 
his  term  of  service  will  expire  in  1883. 

Rantoul,  Robert,  jun.,  was  born  at  Beverly, 
Massachusetts,  August  13,  1805 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1820; 
studied  law  under  John  Pickering  and  Leverett 
Saltonstall ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and 
commenced  practice  at  South  Reading;  removed  to 
Gloucester  in  1833 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1833-1837;  was  appointed  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Massachusetts  Board  of  1837;  removed 
to  Boston  in  1838;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk 
collector  of  the  port  of  Boston  in  1843,  but  the  ap 
pointment  was  not  confirmed  by  the  Senate;  was 
appointed  United-States  district-attorney  for  Massa 
chusetts  in  1845,  and  resigned  in  1849;  was  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a  Coalition  Demo 
crat  (to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation 
of  Daniel  Webster),  serving  from  February  22,  1851, 
to  March  3,  1851 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Coalition  Democrat  on  the  second  ballot,  serving 
from  December  1,  1851.  until  he  died  at  Washington, 
after  a  brief  attack  of  fever,  August  7,  1852. 


Rapier,  James  T.,  was  born  in  Florence,  Ala 
bama,  in  1840;  was  educated  in  Canada;  is  a  planter; 
was  appointed  a  notary-public  by  the  governor  of 
Alabama  in  1806;  was  a  member  of  the  first  Repub 
lican  Convention  held  in  Alabama,  and  was  one  of 
the  committee  that  framed  the  platform  of  the  party; 
represented  Lauderdale  County  in  the  Constitutional 
Convention  held  at  Montgomery  in  1867;  was  nomi 
nated  for  secretary  of  state  in  1870,  but  defeated 
with  the  rest  of  the  ticket;  was  appointed  assessor 
of  internal  revenue  for  the  second  collection-district 
of  Alabama  in  1871 ;  was  appointed  State  commis 
sioner  to  the  Vienna  Exposition  in  1873  by  the  gov 
ernor  of  Alabama ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  19,100  votes  against  16,000  votes  for 
C.  W.  Gates,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  and  was  defeated  as  the  Re 
publican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  19,124  votes  against  20,180  votes  for  Jere 
miah  N.  Williams,  Democrat. 

Rariden,  James,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Cen- 
treville,  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
and  House  of  Representatives;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  defeating  Jonathan  McCarty;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  died  at  Cam 
bridge  City,  Indiana. 

Rathhbun,  George,  was  born  in  New  York ; 
resided  at  Auburn ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  7,177  votes  against  6,686  votes  for 
Morgan,  Whig,  and  486  votes  for  Cuyler,  Abolition 
ist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  7,511  votes  against  7,130  votes  for  Richard 
son,  Whig,  and  921  votes  for  Stayles,  Abolitionist, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Raum,  Green  B.,  was  born  at  Golconda,  Illi 
nois,  December  3,  1829;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Harrisburg;  entered  the 
service  as  major,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  in  the  Union  army  during  the  war  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Rebellion;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Illinois  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3, 
1869 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  14,261  votes  against 
14.704  votes  for  John  M.  Crebs,  Democrat;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Grant  commissioner  of  internal 
revenue  August  2,  1876. 

Ray,  John,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and  pre 
sented  his  credentials  December  19, 1865,  but  was  not 
admitted. 

Ray,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Dutchess  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  December  14,  1812;  his  parents  re 
moved  to  Oneida  County,  New  York,  in  1813,  and 
again  in  the  fall  of  1834  to  Illinois ;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  commenced  business  as  a 
merchant  in  1837,  and  engaged  in  banking  1805;  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Oglesby  in  1869  as  one  of  the 
Board  of  Equalizers  at  its  first  meeting;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13, 188  votes 
against  11,669  votes  for  W.  H.  Neece,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3, 1875. 

Raymond,  Henry  J.,  was  bom  at  Lima,  New 
York,  January  24,  1820;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  at 
tended  the  public  schools  in  the  winters ;  became  a 
teacher,  and  fitted  himself  for  college;  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Vermont  in  1840;  removed  to  New- 
York  City,  where  he  was  successively  connected  with 
"  The  New-Yorker,"  "  The  New-York  Tribune,"  and 
"The  New- York  Courier  and  Enquirer;"  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 


590 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1850;  established  "  The  New- York  Times"  in  1851; 
was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  New  York  in  1856; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  at  Chicago  in  1800;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  7,315  votes  against  6.929  votes 
for  Ward,  Democrat,  1,047  votes  for  Norton,  Demo 
crat,  and  1,347  votes  for  Hawkins,  Independent,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807 ;  was 
a  '"delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention 
at  Philadelphia  in  1800;  died  of  apoplexy  at  New- 
York  City  June  18,  1809.  He  published  a  ''Life 
of  Daniel  Webster,"  "History  of  the  Administration 
of  President  Lincoln,"  and  "Life,  Public  Services, 
and  State  Papers  of  Abraham  Lincoln,"  besides 
many  magazine  articles  and  political  essays. 

Rayner,  Kenneth,  was  born  in  Bertie  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1808;  was  educated  at  the  Tar- 
borough  Academy;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  but  never  practised ;  removed  to  Hereford 
County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1835,  1836,  1838,  1839,  1840,  1848.  and 
1851 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  2,635  votes  against  2,009  votes  for  Samuel  T. 
Sawyer,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  3,731  votes  against  2,883 
votes  for  Moore,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1849;  wrote 
"The  Life  and  Services  of  Andrew  Johnson"  in 
1866;  removed  to  Mississippi;  was  appointed  by 
President  Grant  in  1874  a  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Commissioners  of  Alabama  Claims;  was  appointed 
by  President  Hayes  in  1877  solicitor  of  the  treasury. 

Rea,  David,  was  born  in  Ripley  County,  Indi 
ana,  January  19,  1831 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1842;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1802,  and  practised  at  Savan 
nah,  Missouri;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Missouri  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  11,953  votes  against  10,395  votes  for 
P.  A.  Thompson,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,593  votes  against 
10,395  votes  for  Benjamin  F.  Loan,  Republican,  serv- 
ingf  rom  December  0,  1875. 

Rea,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1755 ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  was  several  times 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1811; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twelfth  Con 
gress  ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  died  at 
Chamijersburg,  Pennsylvania,  February  0,  1829. 

Read,  Almon  EL ,  was  born  at  Shelburn,  Ver 
mont,  June  12,  1790;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Williamstown  College;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Montrose,  Pennsylvania;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  of  the  State  Senate ; 
was  State  treasurer  in  1840 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  David  Dimmock,  jun.,  deceased) 
as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  318  majority,  serving  from  March 
18,  1842,  to  June  3,  1844,  when  he  died  at  Montrose, 
Pennsylvania. 

Read,  George,  was  born  in  Cecil  County,  Mary 
land,  in  1733;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1752,  and 
commenced  practice  at  New  Castle,  Delaware;  was 
attorney-general  of  the  three  lower  counties  on  the 
Delaware  1763-1774;  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1777;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1776, 
and  its  president;  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  to 


the  Federal  Constitutional  Convention;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1779  and 
1780 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  in  admi 
ralty  cases  in  1782;  was  elected  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Delaware,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to 
March  2,  1793;  was  chief  justice  of  Delaware  from 
1793  to  his  death  at  New  Castle,  Delaware,  Septem 
ber  21,  1798.  Published  "Arguments  on  the  British 
Debts."  His  "  Lite  and  Correspondence"  was  pub 
lished  by  William  Thompson  Read. 

Read,  J.,  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1787  and  1788. 

Read,  Jacob,  was  born  in  South  Carolina  in 
1752;  received  a  liberal  education;  studied  law  in 
England,  and,  on  his  return,  practised  at  Charleston ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  colonel  of  South- 
Carolina  volunteers;  wras  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  a  delegate  from 
South  Carolina  to  the  Continental  Congress  1783- 
1780 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  South 
Carolina  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  7, 
1795,  to  March  3,  1801;  was  appointed  by  President 
John  Adams  judge  of  the  United-States  court  for 
the  district  of  South  Carolina,  serving  from  18'Jl  un 
til  his  death  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  July  17, 
1816. 

Read,  Nathan,  was  born  in  Salem,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1703;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Harvard  College  in  1781 ;  studied  medicine, 
and  for  several  years  kept  an  apothecary's  shop  at 
Salem;  invented  several  mechanical  contrivances, 
among  them  the  application  of  steam  to  propelling 
boats,  before  Fulton  had  successfully  experimented ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Sixth  Congress  (in  place  of  Samuel  Sewall, 
resigned)  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  a  majority  of 
214  votes  over  Jacob  Crowninshield,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  again  defeating 
Jacob  Crowninshield,  Democrat,  serving  from  No 
vember  25,  1800,  to  March  3,  1803;  removed  to  the 
vicinity  of  Belfast,  Maine,  where  he  cultivated  a 
large  tract  of  land;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas;  died  near  Belfast,  Maine, 
January  21,  1849. 

Read,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Lexington;  removed  to 
Mississippi,  and  practised  at  Natchez;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Mississippi  (in  place  of 
David  Holmes,  resigned),  serving  from  March  11, 
1820,  to  March  3,  1827 ;  was  re-elected,  but  died  sud 
denly  while  at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  on  his  way  to 
Washington,  before  having  taken  his  seat,  November 
20.  1829. 

Read,  William  B.,  was  born  in  Ilardin  County, 
Kentucky,  December  14,  1820;  was  educated  in  Har- 
din  County;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1849,  and  practised  at  Ilodgensville ;  was  appointed 
visitor  to  the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point  in 
1850;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Kentucky 
for  four  years  in  1857,  and  again  in  1801 ;  was  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  lieutenant-governor  in  1803 
on  what  was  known  as  the  Wicklifi'e  ticket,  and  was 
defeated ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Conventions  at  Charleston  and  at  Baltimore  in  1800, 
and  at  Chicago  in  1864;  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Representatives  of  the  legislature  of  Kentucky  in 
1807,  and  served  two  years;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,314  votes  against 
3,831  votes  for  J.  M.  Fidler,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  8,521 
votes  against  548  votes  for  Hobson,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Reade,  Edwin  G.,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
North  Carolina,  November  13,  1812;  received  an 
academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1830,  and  commenced  practice  at  Roxbor- 
ough,  North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


591 


as  an  American,  receiving  6,752  votes  against  3,447 
votes  for  Kerr,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  v.'as  a  delegate  to  the  Recon 
struction  Convention  which  met  at  Raleigh  in  1865, 
and  was  chosen  its  president- 
Reading,  John  R.,  was  born  in  Philadelphia 
County,  Pennsylvania,  November  1,  1826;  received  a 
liberal  education ;  studied  medicine ;  graduated  from 
the  Jefferson  Medical  College,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
13,199  votes  against  13,158  votes  for  Caleb  X.  Taylor, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  18G9,  to  Decem 
ber  5, 1870,  when,  his  election  having  been  success 
fully  contested,  his  competitor  took  the  seat;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  11,401  votes  against  11,561 
votes  for  Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Republican. 

Ready,  Charles,  was  born  at  Readyville,  Ten 
nessee,  December  22,  1802;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Greenville  College,  and  receiv 
ing  the  degree  of  A.M.  from  the  Nashville  Universi 
ty  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac 
tised  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1835;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,143  votes  against  4,577  votes  for  Barry, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,069  votes  against  632  votes  for 
Keeble,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  6,151  votes  against  5,851  votes  for 
Guild,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1859 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Independent  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,844 
votes  against  6,719  votes  for  Hatton,  Opposition; 
was  an  active  supporter  of  the  Southern  Confederacy. 
Reagan,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Sevier  County, 
Tennessee,  October  8,  1818;  received  a  common- 
school  and  limited  collegiate  education,  but  did  not 
graduate;  is  a  lawyer  and  farmer;  settled  in  the  re 
public  of  Texas  in  May,  1839;  was  a  deputy-surveyor 
of  the  public  lands  1839-1843 ;  was  elected  captain  of 
a  company,  and  justice  of  the  peace,  in  1842;  was 
elected  colonel  of  militia,  and  probate  judge,  in  1846; 
was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  for 
two  years  in  1847;  was  elected  judge  of  the  District 
Court  for  six  years  in  1852;  resigned,  and  was  re- 
elected  for  six  years  in  1856;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Texas  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  15,799  votes  against  10,085  votes 
for  Evans,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  20,565  votes  against  3,541 
votes  for  W.  13.  Ochiltree,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  elected  to  the  Secession 
Convention  of  Texas  in  1861 ;  was  elected  with  others 
by  that  convention  deputy  to  the  Provisional  Con 
gress  of  the  Confederacy;  was  appointed  postmaster- 
general  of  the  Provisional  Government  of  the  Con 
federacy  March  6,  1861;  was  re-appointed  on  the 
permanent  organization  of  the  Confederate  Govern 
ment  in  1862,  and  occupied  the  position  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  also  appointed  acting  secretary 
of  the  treasury  of  the  Confederate  Government  for  a 
short  time  preceding  the  close  of  the  war;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  about 
4,000  majority  over  William  Chambers,  Republican ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  13,697  votes  against  6,416  votes  for  S.  W. 
Cooper,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 
Reding,  John  R.,  was  born  at  Haverhill,  New 
Hampshire;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  naval  store 
keeper  at  Portsmouth  1853-1858;  was  mayor  of  Ports 
mouth  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives. 
Reed,  Charles  M.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 


received  a  public-school  education;  engaged  in  the 
navigation  of  the  lakes,  and  became  an  extensive 
steamboat  proprietor;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845;  died  at  Erie,  Pennsylvania,  December  16,  1871. 

Reed,  Edward  C./was  born  at  Fitzwilliam, 
New  Hampshire,  March  8.  1793;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1812; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Homer,  New  York;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Reed,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Waldoborough,  Maine, 
in  1810;  received  a  public-school  education;  devoted 
himself  to  mercantile  pursuits;  was  for  six  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  but  subsequently  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (in  place 
of  Charles  Andrews,  deceased)  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
6,652  votes  against  all  others,  serving  from  June 
25,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  State  treasurer  in 
1856. 

Reed,  John  (father  of  John  Reed),  was  born  in 
Plymouth  County,  Massachusetts,  in  1751 ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1772;  was  ordained  in  1780,  and  settled  at  West 
Bridgewater,  Massachusetts ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourth  Congress 
as  a  Federalist;  was  elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March 
3,  1801;  died  at  West  Bridgewater,  Massachusetts, 
February  12,  1831. 

Reed,  John  (son  of  John  Reed),  was  born  at 
Bridgewater,  Massachusetts,  in  1781 ;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Brown  University 
in  1803;  was  a  tutor  in  that  institution  for  two  years; 
studied  law  with  Hon.  William  Baylies;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Yar 
mouth;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  successive 
ly  elected  from  the  Seventeenth  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  known  as  "the  life 
member;"  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Massachu 
setts  1845-1851;  died  at  Bridgewater,  Massachusetts, 
of  no  particular  disorder,  but  of  a  gradual  decay  of 
vital  power,  November  25,  1860. 

Reed,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey, 
August  27,  1741 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1757 ;  went  abroad, 
and  studied  law  at  the  Temple  in  London;  returned 
in  1862,  and  commenced  practice  at  Trenton;  was  ap 
pointed  deputy-secretary  of  New  Jersey  in  1767 ;  took 
an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements ;  was 
president  of  the  Pennsylvania  Convention  in  Janu 
ary,  1775;  in  July,  1775,  at  the  solicitation  of  Wash 
ington,  he  resigned  a  lucrative  practice,  and  accom 
panied  him  to  Cambridge  as  his  aide-de-camp  and 
military  secretary;  served  during  the  campaign  of 
1776;  was  appointed  in  1776  chief  justice  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  brigadier-general  in  the  Revolutionary 
army;  he  declined  both  offices,  but  participated  as  a 
volunteer  in  the  battles  of  Brandywine,  Monmouth, 
and  Germantown;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl 
vania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1777-1778;  was 
president  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  1778-1781; 
resumed  his  profession  at  the  close  of  1781 ;  visited 
England  in  1784  for  his  health,  and,  returning,  died  at 
Philadelphia  March  5,  1785. 

Reed,  Philip,  was  born  in  Kent  County,  Mary 
land  ;  received  an  academical  education ;  served  as 
captain  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Maryland  (in  place  .of 
Robert  Wright,  resigned),  serving  from  December  29, 
1806,  to  March  3,  1813;  commanded  a  regiment  of 


592 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


home  guards,  which  repelled  at  Moorfields,  Maryland, 
a  superior  force  of  British  seamen  under  Sir  Peter 
Parker,  who  was  killed ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (having  success 
fully  contested  the  election  of  Jeremiah  Causden), 
serving  from  March  20,  1822,  to  March  3,  1823 ;  died 
at  Huntingville,  Kent  County,  Maryland,  November 
2,  1829. 

Reed,  Robert  R.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
received  a  liberal  education ;  studied  medicine,  and 
practised  at  Washington;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  6,417  votes  against  6,359  votes  for 
W.  Hopkins,  Jackson  Democrat,  and  549  votes  Free- 
Soil,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1851;  died  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  December 
15,  1864. 

Reed,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  at  Portland 
October  18,  1839;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College, 
Maine,  in  1860;  studied  law;  was  acting  assistant 
paymaster,  United-States  navy,  from  April  19,  1864, 
to  November  4,  1865;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1865,  and  commenced  practice  at  Portland;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1868-1869,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1870;  was  at 
torney-general  of  Maine  in  1870-1872;  and  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,235  votes 
against  15,143  votes  for  John  M.  Goodwin,  Democrat, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Reed,  William,  was  born  at  Marblehead,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1777 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  defeating  Crown- 
iusliield,  Democrat,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
until  March  3,  1815;  was  prominently  connected 
with  several  religious  associations,  to  which  he  be 
queathed  large  legacies;  and  died  very  suddenly, 
while  attending  a  sabbath-school  meeting  at  Marble- 
head,  Massachusetts,  February  18,  1837. 

Reeder,  Andrew  H.,  was  born  near  Trenton, 
New  Jersey,  August  6,  1807;  received  a  thorough 
English  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised  at  Easton,  Pennsylvania;  invari 
ably  refused  office  until  he  was  appointed  in  1854 
governor  of  Kansas ;  he  was  removed  in  July,  1855, 
but  was  unanimously  elected  by  the  people  of  Kansas 
as  their  delegate  to  Congress,  and  afterwards,  under 
the  Topeka  Constitution,  as  United-States  senator 
from  Kansas ;  Congress  refused  to  ratify  this  consti 
tution,  and  he  was  not  admitted;  died  at  Easton, 
Pennsylvania,  July  5,  1864. 

Reese,  David  A.,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
removed  to  Georgia,  and  resided  at  Monticello;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,002  votes 
against  3,883  votes  for  Saffold,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Reeves,  Henry  A.,  was  born  at  Sag  Harbor, 
Suffolk  County,  New  York,  December  7, 1832 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Union  College,  Schenectady,  New  York,  in 
1852;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
never  practised ;  became  editor  of  "  The  Republican 
Watchman"  at  Greenport  in  1858;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,338  votes  against 
11,945  votes  for  Wood,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Reid,  David  Settle,  was  born  in  Rockingham 
County,  North  Carolina,  April  19,  1813;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  commenced 
practice:  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1835- 
1840 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  4,195  votes  against  3,827  votes  for  Mitchell, 
Whig ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 


gress,  receiving  3,630  votes  against  2,858  votes  for 
Reid,  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  until 
March  3,  1847 ;  was  nominated  for  governor  of  North 
Carolina  as  a  Democrat  in  1848,  and  was  defeated, 
receiving  41,480  votes  against  42,360  votes  for  Manly, 
Whig ;  was  elected  governor  in  1850  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  44,845  votes  against  42,071  votes  for  Manly, 
Whig;  and  was  re-elected  in  1852,  receiving  48,484 
votes  against  42,993  votes  for  Kerr,  Whig,  serving 
1851-1855;  was  elected  United-States  senator  as  a 
Democrat  (in  the  place  of  W.  P.  Manguin,  Whig), 
and  served  from  December  4,  1854,  until  March  3, 
1859 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861. 

Reid,  John^vV.,  was  born  at  Lyuchburg,  Vir 
ginia,  June  14,  1821 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1840;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844,  and  commenced  practice; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  captain  of  a  company 
in  Colonel  Doniphan's  regiment  of  mounted  volun 
teers  ;  resumed  practice ;  was  two  years  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,699  votes  against 
10,432  votes  for  Mitchell,  Opposition,  and  served 
during  the  first  session  from  July  4,  1861,  to  August 
6,  1861 ;  entered  the  Confederate  service,  and  was  ex 
pelled,  for  "  having  taken  up  arms  against  the  gov 
ernment  of  the  United  States,"  on  the  first  day  of  the 
second  session,  December  2,  1862. 

Reid,  Robert  Raymond,  was  bom  in  Beau 
fort  District,  South  Carolina,  in  1789;  removed  early 
in  life  to  Augusta,  Georgia;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  John  Forsyth,  elected  senator)  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  February  18, 1819,  to  March 
3,  1823 ;  was  elected  mayor  of  Augusta  at  the  expira 
tion  of  his  congressional  term;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  Georgia;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jackson  in  1832  United-States  judge  for  the  dis 
trict  of  East  Florida;  was  appointed  by  President 
Van  Buren  governor  of  the  Territory  of  Florida, 
serving  1839-1841 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention 
which  framed  a  State  Constitution  for  Florida,  and 
its  president;  died  near  Tallahassee,  Florida,  July 
1,  1844. 

Reilly,  James  B.,  was  born  in  Schuylkill  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  August  12,  1845;  was  educated  at 
the  Pottsville  High  School,  graduating  June  1,  1862; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  January  11, 
1869,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pottsville;  was 
elected  district-attorney  of  Schuylkill  County  Octo 
ber  8,  1871,  and  served  until  January  1,  1875,  having 
been  elected,  while  holding  that  position,  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,600  votes  against 
8,056  votes  for  Theodore  Garretson,  and  144  votes  for 
W.  M.  Randall,  Independent  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,107 
votes  against  10,026  votes  for  Nutting,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Reilly,  John,  was  born  at  Abnerville,  Wheat- 
field  Township,  Indiana  County,  Pennsylvania,  Feb 
ruary  22,  1836;  received  a  common-school  education; 
entered  the  service  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  in 
the  engineer  corps,  April  10,  1854,  and  filled  various 
minor  situations  until  April  1,  1865,  when  he  was 
appointed  superintendent  of  transportation,  which 
position  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  election  to  Con 
gress,  but  resigned  on  taking  his  seat;  was  president 
of  the  board  of  city  commissioners  of  Altoona  in  1872 
and  1873;  was  president  of  the  Bell's  Gap  Railroad 
Company  during  its  construction  in  1872  and  1873; 
is  connected  with  several  manufacturing  industries 
of  Pennsylvania;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,727  votes  against  10,580  votes 
for  Samuel  S.  Blair,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


593 


the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,148  votes  against  14,668  votes  for 
Jacob  Miller  Campbell,  Republican. 

Reilly,  Wilson,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  learned  the  hat 
ter's  trade;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,224  votes  against  9,715  votes  for  Pumroy.  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1859;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,C81  votes 
against  9,348  votes  for  McPherson,  Republican. 

Reily,  Luther,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  studied  medicine,  and 
practised  at  Harrisburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Van  Buren  Democrat,  defeating  Harris,  Whig,  and 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839; 
died  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1839. 

Relfe,  James  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and,  at 
an  early  age,  removed  with  his  parents  to  Washing 
ton  County,  Missouri;  studied  medicine,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Caledonia,  Missouri ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4, 1843,  to 
March  3,  1847. 

Rencher,  Abraham,  was  born  in  Wake  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina;  received  a  liberal  education, 
graduating  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in 
1822;  studied  law,  and  practised  in  Chatham  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  to 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  AVhig,  and  continu 
ously  re-elected  until  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  inclu 
sive,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  until  March  3, 
1839;  was  again  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  until 
March  3,  1843;  was  appointed  by  President  Tyler 
char;/e  d'affaires  to  Portugal,  and  served  from  Sep 
tember  22,  1843,  until  November  18,  1847;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Buchanan  governor  of  the  Ter 
ritory  of  New  Mexico,  and  served  1857-1861. 

Revels,  Hiram  R.,  was  born  in  Fayetteville, 
North  Carolina,  September  1,  1822;  desiring  to  obtain 
an  education,  which  was  denied  in  his  native  State 
to  those  of  African  descent,  he  removed  to  Indiana; 
spent  some  time  at  the  Quaker  Seminary  in  Union 
County;  entered  the  Methodist  ministry;  afterwards 
received  further  instructions  at  the  Clarke-county 
Seminary,  when  he  became  preacher,  teacher,  and 
lecturer  among  his  people  in  the  States  of  Indiana, 
Illinois,  Ohio,  and  Missouri;  at  the  breaking-out  of 
the  war,  he  was  ministering  at  Baltimore;  he'assisted 
iu  the  organization  of  the  first  two  colored  regiments 
in  Maryland  and  Missouri ;  during  a  portion  of  1863 
and  1804  he  taught  school  in  St.  Louis,  then  went  to 
Vicksburg,  and  assisted  the  provost-marshal  in  man 
aging  the  freedmen  affairs;  followed  on  the  heels  of 
the  army  to  Jackson;  organized  churches,  and  lec 
tured  ;  spent  the  next  two  years  in  Kansas  and  Mis 
souri  in  preaching  and  lecturing  on  moral  and  reli 
gious  subjects;  returned  to  Mississippi,  and  settled  at 
Natchez ;  was  chosen  presiding  elder  of  the  Methodist 
church,  and  a  member  of  the  city  council;  and  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Mississippi  as  a 
Republican,  serving  from  February  25,  1870,  to  March 
3,  1871 ;  was  pastor  of  a  Methodist-Episcopal  church 
at  Holly  Springs,  Mississippi;  removed  to  Indiana, 
where  he  was  pastor  of  the  African  Methodist-Epis 
copal  church  at  Richmond. 

Reynolds,  Arthur  B.,  of  Tishemingo  County, 
Mississippi,  presented  to  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  on  the  4th  of  June,  1866,  credentials  signed  by 
Governor  Humphreys,  declaring  that  he  had  been 
elected  to  represent  the  First  District  of  Mississippi  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress. 

Reynolds,  Edwin  R.,  was  born  at  Fort  Ann, 
New  York,  February  16,  1816;  was  a  student  at 
Brown  University,  but  withdrew  at  the  end  of  the 


second  year,  and  received  the  degree  of  M.A.  at 
Hobart  College,  Geneva,  New  York ;  was  principal  c  f 
the  Albion  Academy,  Orleans  County,  New  York,  for 
six  years;  was  county  superintendent  of  common 
schools  for  Orleans  County  in  1843-1845;  studied  law 
at  Albion  with  Hons.  A.  H.  Cole  and  D.  H.  Cole;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  practised  at  Albion ; 
was  a  justice  of  the  peace  1848-1854;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Silas  M.  Burroughs,  deceased) 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,759  votes  against  5,801 
votes  for  L.  J.  Peck,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1860,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  elected  judge  and 
surrogate  of  Orleans  County  in  1863,  serving  until 
January  1,  1868;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Lib 
eral  Republican  Convention  at  Cincinnati  May  6, 
1872,  and  supported  Horace  Greeley;  continued  the 
practice  of  law,  interesting  himself  also  in  agricul 
tural  pursuits. 

Reynolds,  Gideon,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Hoosick ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig 
anti-Rent  candidate  supported  by  Democrats,  receiv 
ing  6,055  votes  against  5,302  votes  for  Warren,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Reynolds,  James  B.,  resided  at  Clarksville, 
Tennessee;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ten 
nessee  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  1,100  majority 
over  S.  Brewer,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1825. 

Reynolds,  John,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Pennsylvania,  February  26,  1788;  when  he 
was  about  six  months  old,  his  parents  removed  to 
Tennessee,  and  in  1800  they  removed  thence  to  the 
vicinity  of  Kaskaskia,  Illinois;  he  was  reared  on  a 
backwoods  farm,  but  acquired  a  classical  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Cahokia;  serving  in  a  com 
pany  organized  for  the  defence  of  the  frontier,  he 
became  known  as  "  The  Old  Ranger;"  was  elected 
a  justice  of  the  Illinois  Supreme  Court  in  1818;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1827,  1828,  and  1829;  was  elected  governor  of  Illinois 
in  1831,  and  in  1832  took  the  field  as  commander  of 
the  State  militia  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  was  ap 
pointed  a  representative  in  the  Twenty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  Charles  Slade),  and  elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1834,  until  March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Van 
Buren  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  3,116  votes  against  3,202  votes  for  A.  W. 
Snyder,  Democrat,  and  2,018  votes  for  Gatewood, 
Whig ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  by  upwards  of  2,000  majority  over  J.  Hogan, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  until  March 
3,  1841 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  from  August  3,  1841,  until  March  3, 
1843;  was  active  in  securing  the  building  of  railroads 
and  macadamized  roads ;  visited  Europe  in  1839 ;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1846  and  1852,  serving  the  last  term  as  speak 
er;  died  at  Belleville,  Illinois,  May  8,  1865.  He 
published  the  "  Pioneer  History  of  Illinois,"  "John 
Kelly,"  "My  Own  Times,"  and  a  number  of  sketches 
of  travel. 

Reynolds,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Moreau,  Sara 
toga  County,  New  York,  June  21,  1819;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law  with  Mr.  Beekman 
;it  Kinderhook ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Albany;  was  appointed  by 
President  Pierce  postmaster  at  Albany  in  1853,  and 
was  removed  because  of  his  adhesion  to  Stephen 
A.  Douglas ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  an  Independ- 
nt  Republican,  receiving  9.571  votes  against  8,371 
votes  for  Corning,  Democrat,  and  260  votes  foi 


594 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Livingston,  American,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  returned  to  his  practice ;  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Dix  a  judge  of  the  Commis 
sion  of  Appeals  of  the  State,  which  position  he  held 
until  the  expiration  of  the  court  by  constitutional 
limitation  on  the  first  day  of  July,  1875;  died  at  his 
country  residence  at  Kmderhook  September  24,  1875. 

Reynolds,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Xew  York; 
resided  at  Virgil;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1819;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835, 
to  March  3,  1837. 

Rhea,  John,  was  born  in  1753 ;  removed  to  Ten 
nessee,  and  located  at  Sullivan;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Elev 
enth,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  October  17, 1803,  to  March  2, 1815 ;  was  appointed 
in  1810  United-States  commissioner  to  treat  with  the 
Choctaw  Nation ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth, 
Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  May  27, 
1882. 

Rhett,  Robert  Barn-well,  was  born  at  Beau 
fort,  South  Carolina,  December  24,  1800;  received  an 
academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1824,  and  commenced  practice  at  Beau 
fort;  up  to  this  time  he  had  been  known  by  his 
family  name  of  Smith,  but  he  dropped  it,  and  as 
sumed  the  name  of  an  ancestor,  Rhett;  was  at 
torney-general  of  South  Carolina;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  Twenty-eighth, 
Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  elect 
ed  a  United-States  senator  from  South  Carolina  (in 
place  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  deceased),  serving  from 
January  6,  1851,  to  1852,  when  he  resigned,  upon  the 
death  of  his  wife;  was  a  leading  delegate  to  the 
South-Carolina  Secession  Convention  in  1861,  and 
wrote  the  address  giving  the  reasons  for  separation; 
was  a  delegate  from  Mississippi  to  the  Provisional 
Confederate  Congress  at  Montgomery  1801,  and 
chairman  of  the  committee  which  reported  the  Con 
federate  Constitution;  became  the  owner  of  "The 
Charleston  Mercury,"  which  was  edited  by  his  son, 
Robert  Barnwell  Rhett,  jun. ;  removed  to  St.  James 
Parish,  Louisiana,  and  died  there  September  14, 
1870. 

Ricaud,  James  B.,  was  born  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  February  11,  1808;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Washington  College,  Mary 
land;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Ohestertown,  Maryland ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1834,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1830-1844;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1830,  and 
again  on  the  Clay  ticket  in  1844;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  8,479  votes  against 
0,500  votes  for  Shower,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  8,701  votes 
against  7,935  votes  for  McHenry,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  ap 
pointed  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court;  died  at  Chester- 
town,  Maryland,  January  24,  1806. 

Rice,  Alexander  Hamilton,  was  born  at 
Newton,  Massachusetts,  August  30,  1818;  received  a 
business  training  in  his  father's  paper-mill,  and  at 
the  same  time  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Union  College  in  1844 ;  entered  into  the  paper  busi 
ness  at  Boston ;  was  a  member  of  the  city  council  in 
1853 ;  was  mayor  of  Boston  in  1856  and  1857  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
4,507  votes  against  3,511  votes  for  Waldron,  Demo 
crat,  and  1,396  votes  for  Thompson,  American;  was 
te-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 


7.292  votes  against  0,045  votes  for  Bigelow,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  5,044  votes  against  5,020  votes  for  Sleeper, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  0,711  votes  against  5,804  votes  for 
Sleeper,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
to  March  3,  1807;  was  governor  of  Massachusetts 
1870-1878. 

Rice,  Americas  V.,  was  born  at  Perrysville, 
Ricliland  (now  Ashland)  County,  Ohio,  November 
18,  1835 ;  was  educated  at  the  common  schools  and  at 
Antioch  College,  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio;  graduated  at 
Union  College,  Schenectady,  New  York,  in  18(50 ;  was 
a  law  student  until  April  12,  1801,  when  he  enlisted 
as  a  private  soldier  in  the  Union  army;  was  pro 
moted  to  second  lieutenant  and  captain  in  the  Twen 
ty-first  Ohio  Volunteers,  and  served  in  West  Vir 
ginia  until  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  enlistment 
in  August,  1801 ;  immediately  raised  a  company,  and 
parts  of  others,  for  the  Fifty-seventh  Ohio  Volun 
teers,  and  was  sucessively  promoted  to  captain,  lieu 
tenant-colonel,  and  colonel  of  that  regiment,  and 
brigadier-general  of  United-States  volunteers;  was 
discharged  the  service  January,  1800,  and  became 
manager  of  the  private  banking-house  of  C.  H.  Rice 
&  Co.,  Ottawa,  Ohio;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Demo 
cratic  National  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1872; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,477 
votes  against  8,279  votes  for  Lytle,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  20,543  votes  against  12,045  votes  for  Long, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  0,  1875. 

Rice,  Benjamin  F.,  was  born  at  East  Otto, 
Cattaraugus  County,  New  York,  May  28,  182S ;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  studied  and  practised 
law;  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  legislature  in 
1855-1850;  was  elected  presidential  elector  in  1850 
for  the  Sixth  Congressional  District  of  Kentucky; 
removed  to  Minnesota  in  1860;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  a  private  in  1861;  was  promoted  to  captain 
in  the  Third  Minnesota  Infantry  Volunteers,  and 
served  three  years ;  settled  at  Little  Rock  in  1864 ; 
practised  law  until  1808;  took  a  leading  part  in 
organizing  the  Republican  party  in  the  State  of  Ar 
kansas  in  the  early  part  of  18b7;  was  chairman  of 
the  State  Central  Committee,  and  conducted  a  suc 
cessful  canvass  in  three  successive  elections;  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Arkansas  as  a 
Republican,  serving  from  June  3,  1808,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Rice,  Edward  Y.,  was  born  in  Logan  County, 
Kentucky,  February  8,  1820 ;  was  educated  at  com 
mon  schools  and  at  Shurtleff  College;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  elected  in  1847  county-recorder 
of  Montgomery  County,  Illinois ;  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature  of  the  State  of  Illinois  in  1849-1850; 
was  etected  judge  of  the  County  Court  of  Mont 
gomery  County,  and  served  two  years;  was  appointed 
master  in  chancery  for  that  county  from  1853  until 
1857,  when  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  Eighteenth 
Circuit  of  Illinois,  to  which  office  he  was  re-elected 
in  1801,  and  again  re-elected  in  1867 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  the  State  of 
Illinois  in  1869-1870;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  13,903  votes  against  12,028  votes 
for  J.  W.  Kitchell,  Republican,  serving  from  March 
4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Rice,  Henry  M.,  was  born  at  Waitsfield,  Ver 
mont,  November  29,  1810;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  went  West  as  an  assistant  in  making  gov 
ernment  surveys;  resided  in  the  Territories  of  Iowa 
and  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota;  was  a  clerk  for  Ken- 
nett  Mackenzie  in  1838,  and  in  1840  was  himself  ap 
pointed  post-sutler  at  Fort  Atkinson,  which  he  held 
about  two  years;  in  1843  he  commenced  trading 
with  the  Winnebago  Indians  in  connection  with  the 
American  Fur  Company,  which  occupation  he  fol 
lowed  till  the  removal  of  these  Indians  to  Long 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


595 


Prairie,  one  hundred  and  forty  miles  above  St.  Paul; 
during  the  removal  of  the  Winnebagoes  he  was  ap 
pointed  to  treat  with  the  Chippewas  for  the  tract  of 
land  occupied  by  the  former  tribe;  he  also  procured 
the  removal  of  the  Chippewas  from  Lake  Superior 
to  the  Mississippi,  thus  throwing  their  trade  into  the 
upper  Mississippi  Valley,  instead  of  through  Detroit 
and  Saut  Ste.  Marie;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Minnesota  Territory  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as 
a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1857;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Minnesota,  serving  from  May  12,  1858,  to  March  3, 
1863;  was  elected  treasurer  of  Ramsay  County  in 
1878. 

Rice,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Easton,  Maryland, 
in  1809;  received  a  common-school  education;  went 
on  the  stage  at  New  York  in  1839,  when  he  played 
the  character  of  the  uncle  in  "George  Barmvell;" 
having  achieved  success  in  his  profession,  he  married 
Mary  Anne  Warren,  an  actress  of  acknowledged 
ability,  who  was  a  sister  of  the  celebrated  comedian, 
William  Warren  of  Boston;  removed  to  Chicago, 
Illinois;  was  an  actor  and  manager  of  a  theatre;  re 
tired  from  the  stage  in  1857 ;  was  elected  mayor  of 
Chicago  in  1865,  and  re-elected  in  1867;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,870  votes 
against  8,235  votes  for  Otis,  Liberal,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  December  16,  1874,  when  he 
died  at  Norfolk,  Virginia. 

Rice,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Mount  Vernon, 
Maine,  February  5,  1816;  received  a  public-school 
education;  held  several  local  offices  at  Augusta  1832- 
1838,  devoting  his  leisure-hours  to  the  study  of  law ; 
served  as  a  staff-officer  during  the  North-eastern 
boundary  troubles ;  was  appointed  deputy-sheriff  of 
Piscataquis  County  in  1842;  was  interested  in 
lumbering  operations;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1848,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  a  State  attorney 
by  successive  elections  1852-1860;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,314  votes  against 
7,983  votes  for  Blake,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  8,113  votes 
against  3,976  votes  for  Boynton,  Democrat,  and 
1,290  votes  for  Haynes,  Union  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  10,802 
votes  against  6,983  votes  for  Madigan,  Democrat, 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1867;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Johnson  collector  of  customs  at 
the  port  of  Bangor,  Maine,  serving  1867-1871 ;  en 
gaged  in  the  prosecution  of  claims  and  legal  business 
at  Washington  City. 

Rice,  John  M.,  was  born  in  Floyd  County, 
Kentucky;  resided  at  Louisa;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1859  and  1867; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,510 
votes  against  6,652  votes  for  Zeigler,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  9,544  votes  against  6,242  votes  for  G.  M. 
Thomas,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1873. 

Rice,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Massachusetts ;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1791;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819; 
died  in  1854. 

Rice,  William  W\,  was  born  at  Deerfield, 
Massachusetts,  March  7,  1826 ;  was  fitted  for  college 
at  Gorham  Academy,  Maine ;  graduated  at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1846;  was  preceptor  in  Leicester  Acade 
my,  Massachusetts,  for  four  years;  studied  law  at 
Worcester  with  Hon.  Emory  Washburn  and  Hon. 
George  F.  Hoar;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac 
tised  since  at  Worcester;  was  appointed  judge  of 


insolvency  for  the  county  of  Worcester  in  1858;  was 
mayor  of  the  city  of  Worcester  in  1860;  was  district- 
attorney  for  the  Middle  District  of  Massachusetts 
1869-1874 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1875 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  13,890  votes  against  10,248 
votes  for  George  F.  Verry,  Democrat,  serving  from 
October  15, 1877. 

Rich,  Charles,  was  born  in  Hampshire  County, 
Massachusetts,  in  1771;  removed  to  Vermont,  and 
settled  at  Shoreham;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  on  a  general 
ticket,  receiving  13,635  votes  against  6,901  votes  for 
W.  A.  Griswold;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  receiving  1,455  votes  against  1,359  votes  for 
Hungerford,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  Octo 
ber  15,  1824,  when  he  died  at  Shoreham,  Vermont. 

Richard,  Gabriel,  was  born  at  Saintes,  France, 
October  15,  1764;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  College  of  Angers;  studied  the 
ology,  and  received  orders  at  a  Roman-Catholic 
seminary  at  Paris  in  1790;  immigrated  to  the  United 
States  in  1798;  was  professor  of  mathematics  in  St. 
Mary's  College,  Maryland;  was  sent  by  Bishop  Car 
roll  as  a  missionary  to  Kaskaskia,  Illinois;  in  1798 
he  went  to  Detroit,  Michigan,  where  he  published  (on 
a  printing-press  which  had  been  donated  to  him  at 
Boston)  a  periodical  in  the  French  language,  enti 
tled  "Essais  du  Michigan,"  and  some  Roman-Catho 
lic  books;  it  became  his  duty  to  excommunicate  one 
of  his  parishioners  who  had  been  divorced  from  his 
wife,  and  who  prosecuted  Father  Richard  for  defama 
tion  of  character,  obtaining  a  verdict  of  one  thou 
sand  dollars;  this  money  Father  Richard  could  not 
pay,  and  was  consequently  imprisoned  in  the  com 
mon  jail;  but  the  people  of  Michigan  elected  him 
their  Territorial  delegate  to  Congress,  and  he  went 
from  prison  to  the  Capitol,  serving  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825; 
returning  to  Detroit,  he  officiated  as  grand  vicar  of 
the  bishop  of  Ohio;  died  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  of 
cholera,  September  13,  1832. 

Richards,  Jacob,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Richards,  John,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourth  Congress,  having 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  Morris, 
serving  from  January  18,  1796,  to  March  3,  1797. 

Richards,  John,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Johnsburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Richards,  Mark,  was  born  at  New  Haven, 
Connecticut;  removed  to  Vermont;  was  for  eight 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  was  high  sheriff  of  his  county  for  five  years ; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Madison  ticket  in 
1813 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in 
the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  receiving  13,518  votes 
against  6,879  votes  for  R.  C.  Mallory,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Vermont  in  1830. 

Richards,  Matthias,  was  born  in  1757;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  arid  practised;  was  a  judge  of 
Berks  County,  Pennsylvania,  1788-1797;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Tenth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress, 
serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1811; 
died  in  1830. 

Richardson,  John  Peter,  was  born  at  Hick 
ory  Hill,  South  Carolina,  April  14,  1801 ;  received  a 


596 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


classical  education,  graduating  at  South-Carolina 
College  in  1819;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fulton,  South  Caro 
lina;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives;  was  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  (in  place  of  Richard  T.  Manning, 
deceased)  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  19,  1836,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  governor 
of  South  Carolina  1840-1842 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Conventions  of  1852  and  1800;  died  at  Fulton, 
South  Carolina,  January  24,  1864. 

Richardson,  J.  S.,  contested  the  seat  of  Joseph 
H.  Rainey  of  the  First  District  of  South  Carolina  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress. 

Richardson,  John  Smith,  was  born  on  his 
family  plantation  in  Sumter  District,  South  Carolina, 
April  11.  1777;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  the  Charleston  College;  studied  law  with 
John  Julius  Pringle;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  Octo 
ber  30,  1799,  and  commenced  practice  in  his  native 
district;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  attorney-gen 
eral  of  the  State  in  December,  1810;  was  elected 
judge  December  18, 1818;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  but 
declined  on  account  of  his  private  business,  which 
required  his  presence  in  South  Carolina;  became 
president  of  the  Law  Court  of  Appeals  in  1841,  and 
president  of  the  Court  of  Errors  in  1846;  defended 
himself  successfully  in  1847  against  an  attempt  to 
legislate  him  out  of  office  on  account  of  his  inability 
to  perform  his  judicial  duties,  and  died  at  Charles 
ton,  South  Carolina,  May  8,  1850. 

Richardson,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Billerica, 
Massachusetts,  February  1,  1778;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1802; 
studied  theology,  and  was  licensed  to  preach  in  1803; 
was  ordained  over  the  First  Parish  in  Hingham  July 
2,  1806;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1820;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1821  and  1822,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1823,  1824,  and  1826;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3, 
1831;  died  at  Hingham,  Massachusetts,  September 
25,  1871.  Published  a  number  of  school-books. 

Richardson,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Fay- 
ette  County,  Kentucky,  in  1811;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Transylvania  University; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Rushville,  Illinois,  but  afterwards  re 
moved  to  Quincy;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1836,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1838;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1844,  and  speaker  of  the  House; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  ticket  in  1844 ; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  captain  in  Hardin's 
regiment  of  Illinois  volunteers,  and  was  promoted  to 
be  major  for  his  gallant  conduct  at  Buena  Vista 
February  26,  1847;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,099 
votes  against  7,197  votes  for  Browning,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
9,018  votes  against  8,443  votes  for  Browning,  Whig; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  8,935  votes  against  8,122  votes  for  Wil 
liams,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
to  August  25, 185(i,  when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Buchanan  governor  of  Nebraska,  serv 
ing  1857-1858,  when  he  resigned;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Illinois  (in  place  of 
Stephen  A.  Douglas,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  January  30,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  died  of 
paralysis  at  Quincy,  Illinois,  December  27,  1875. 

Richardson,  William  Marchant,  was  born 


at  Pelham,  New  Hampshire,  January  4,  1774;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1797 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Groton,  Massachu 
setts  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  defeating 
Hale,  War  Democrat,  by  over  1,000  majority,  when, 
owing  to  the  opposition  to  the  war,  every  Democratic 
candidate  in  Massachusetts  was  defeated;  he  re 
signed  after  the  second  session,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  22,  1812,  until  April  18,  1814;  removed  to  Ports 
mouth  in  1814,  and  was  appointed  chief  justice  of 
New  Hampshire  in  1816,  discharging  the  duties  of 
the  office  until  he  died  at  Chester,  New  Hampshire, 
March  23,  1838.  He  published  "  The  New-Hamp 
shire  Justice  "  and  "  The  Town  Officer."  A  con 
siderable  portion  of  the  first  and  second  volumes  of 
the  New-Hampshire  Reports  was  his  work;  nearly 
all  the  cases  of  the  third,  fourth,  and  fifth  were  fur 
nished  by  him;  and  of  the  matter  for,  perhaps,  four 
volumes  more,  he  prepared  a  large  share. 

Richmond,  Hiram  L.,  was  born  in  Chautau- 
qua  County,  New  York,  May  17,  1810;  received  a 
good  academic  education;  studied  medicine  two 
years  with  his  father,  Lawton  Richmond;  then  en 
tered  Alleghany  College  as  a  student,  where  he  re 
mained  two  years;  studied  law  under  Hon.  David 
Derickson  of  Meadville ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Februaiy,  1838,  and,  in  April  thereafter,  entered 
upon  the  duties  of  his  profession  at  Meadville;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
20,704  votes  against  18,627  votes  for  S.  Griffin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March 
3,  1875. 

Richmond,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Bristol, 
Massachusetts,  in  1774;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  removed  to  Western  New  York  in  1813,  and 
settled  at  Aurora,  Cayuga  County;  was  collector  of 
United-States  internal  revenue ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821; 
died  at  Aurora,  New  York,  July  29,  1865. 

Riddle,  Albert  Gallatin,  was  born  at  Monson, 
Massachusetts,  May  28,  181(5;  his  father  removed  to 
Newbury,  in  the  Western  Reserve  of  Ohio,  in  1817; 
was  reared  on  a  pioneer  farm,  receiving  a  public- 
school  education,  and  was  one  year  at  the  Painesville 
Academy ;  studied  law  with  Governor  Seabury  Ford ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1840,  and  practised 
in  Geauga  County  until  1850,  when  he  removed  to 
Cleveland  ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  of 
Geauga  County  in  1840,  1842,  and  1844;  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1848,  and  again 
in  1849;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Radical  Republican, 
receiving  11,927  votes  against  5,343  votes  for  A.  J. 
Williams,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1863;  was  consul  at  Matanzas,  in  Cuba,  a 
few  months ;  located  at  Washington,  where  he  prac 
tised  ;  was  special  assistant  attorney-general  to  prose 
cute  the  safe-burglars'  case.  He  published  "  Students 
and  Lawyers,"  a  volume  of  "Law  Lectures,"  and 
three  novels,  —  " Burt  Ridgely,"  "The  Portrait," 
and  "Alice  Brand." 

Riddle,  George  Read,  was  born  at  New  Castle, 
Delaware,  in  1817;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  civil  engineering,  and  was  engaged  for  some 
years  in  locating  and  constructing  railroads  and 
canals;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  in 
1848;  was  deputy  attorney-general  for  New-Castle 
County  1848-1850;  was  a  commissioner  in  1849  to 
retrace  "  Mason  and  Dixon's  Line;"  was  a  delegate 
to  several  National  Democratic  Conventions;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,055  votes 
against  5,926  votes  for  Rodney,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  6,692  votes 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


597 


against  6,630  votes  for  Houston,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,334  votes  against  6,820  votes  for 
Cullen,  American ;  was  elected  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Delaware  (in  place  of  James  A.  Bayard, 
resigned),  serving  from  February  2,  1864,  to  March 
29,  1867,  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Riddle,  Haywood  Yancey,  was  born  at  Van 
Buren,  Hardeman  County,  Tennessee,  June  20,  1834; 
was  educated  at  Union  University,  Murf reesborough, 
Tennessee,  and  graduated  at  the  head  of  his  class  in 
July,  1854;  was  elected  adjunct  professor  of  mathe 
matics  and  languages  in  the  same  college,  but  re 
signed,  after  fifteen  months,  to  enter  the  law-school 
of  Cumberland  University  at  Lebanon  in  1856, 
where  he  graduated  in  June,  1857;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  at  Ripley,  Mississippi,  in  1857,  but  moved 
in  1858  to  Smitli  County,  Tennessee,  where  he  had 
married,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  entered 
the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  1861,  and  served 
through  the  war,  the  last  year  of  it  on  the  staff  of 
Brigadier-Generals  Marcus  J.  Wright  and  W.  W. 
Mackall;  moved  to  Lebanon  in  1865  to  practise  law, 
but  was  employed  in  the  office  of  the  county-clerk 
for  five  years,  and  then  received  the  appointment  for 
six  years  in  1870,  but  resigned,  when  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  December  14,  1875  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  S.  M.  Fite),  receiving 
5,371  votes  against  1,396  votes  for  W.  M.  Woodcock, 
Republican,  and  994  votes  for  A.  E.  Garrett,  Demo 
crat  (a  fatality,  unprecedented  in  the  history  of  the 
government,  had  attended  the  congressmen  elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  from  this  district;  John 
W.  Head  was  elected  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  Novem 
ber,  1874,  and  died  in  a  few  days  afterward;  Samuel 
M.  Fite  was  elected  December  31,  1874,  and  died 
October  23,  1875;  neither  lived  to  take  his  seat);  he 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  11,957  votes  against  3,545  votes  for  R. 
A.  Cox,  Democrat,  and  1,437  votes  for  R.  F.  Patton, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Ridgeley,  Henry  Moore,  was  born  in  1778; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Dover;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Delaware 
in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  17 
majority  over  Richard  C.  Dale,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  receiving  4,118 
votes  against  3,211  votes  for  Hall,  Democrat,  serving 
from  November  4, 1811,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Delaware  (in  place  of 
Nicholas  Van  Dyke,  deceased),  serving  from  January 
23,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829;  died  at  Dover,  Delaware, 
August  7,  1847. 

Ridgely,  Richard,  was  a  delegate  from  Mary 
land  to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1785  to  1786. 

Ridgeway,  Robert,  was  a  native  of  Virginia; 
received  a  classical  education;  edited  "The  Rich 
mond  AVhig;"  claimed  a  seat  as  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Fortieth  Congress,  but  was  not 
admitted ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress 
as  a  Conservative,  receiving  16,732  votes  against 
13,751  votes  for  Curtis,  Republican;  died  at  Cool 
Well,  Amherst  County,  Virginia,  October  17,  1869. 

Ridgway,  James,  resided  at  Columbus,  Ohio; 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Ridgway,  Joseph,  was  born  on  Staten  Island, 
New  York,  May  6,  1783;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  house-carpenter's  trade;  re 
moved  to  Cayuga  County,  New  York,  in  1811,  and 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  f aiming-mills;  re 
moved  again  to  Columbus,  Ohio,  where  he  established 
an  iron-fouridery,  which  became  a  large  railroad- 
car  manufactory ;  was  a  member  of  the  fcjtate  House 
of  Representatives  1828-1832;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 


Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843. 

RiggS,  Jetur  R.,  was  born  in  Morris  County, 
New  Jersey,  June  20,  1809;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  medicine,  and  graduated  from 
the  New- York  Medical  College;  made  a  voyage 
around  the  world;  practised  "medicine  from  1832 
until  1849,  serving  two  years  in  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  went  to  California  in  1849,  and  was 
in  charge  of  the  hospital  at  Sutler's  Fort  there;  re 
turned  to  Paterson;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  New  Jersey  in  1855-1858;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,837  votes 
against  8,154  votes  for  J.  Huyler,  Democrat;  died  at 
Drakesville,  New  Jersey,  November  5,  1869. 

RiggS,  Lewis,  was  born  in  Cortland  County, 
New  York ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,363  votes  against  10,243  votes  for  James  Dunn, 
Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3.  1843. 

Riker,  Samuel,  was  born  on  Long  Island,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1784;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Eighth  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Smith,  elected 
senator),  serving  from  November  5, 1804,  to  March  3, 
1805;  was  again  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Ringgold,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  eclucation;  resided  at  Hagers- 
town;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Eleventh  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Roger  Nelson,  resigned)  as  a  Dem 
ocrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1810,  to  March 
2,  1815;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821;  died  at 
Hagerstown,  Maryland,  October  18,  1829. 

Ripley,  Eleazar  Wheelock,  was  born  at 
Hanover,  New  Hampshire,  in  1782;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1800;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Waterville,  Massachusetts 
(afterwards  Maine);  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1807  and  in  1811;  re 
moved  to  Portland  in  1812;  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  colo 
nel,  brigadier-general,  and  major-general,  distin 
guishing  himself  in  the  battles  of  Chippewa,  Niagara, 
and  Erie;  was  retained  in  the  sen-ice,  and  superin 
tended  the  erection  of  fortifications  at  the  South 
west  until  he  resigned  in  1820,  residing  at  Jackson, 
Louisiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Twen 
ty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  receiving 
1,165  votes  against  899  votes  for  Chavin,  434  votes  for 
Bradford,  and  257  votes  for  Woodruff ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  500  majority, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839; 
declined  a  re-election;  the  murder  of  his  only  son  at 
the  Fanning  massacre,  and  the  breaking-out  of  one 
of  his  old  wounds,  hastened  his  death,  which  took 
place  at  Jackson,  Louisiana,  March  2,  1839. 

Ripley,  James  W.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
(afterwards  Maine);  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Fryeburg:  served  as  an  officer  of  Maine 
volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  was  for  four  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Enoch  Lincoln,  resigned)  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from  December, 
1826,  to  March  12,  1830,  when  he  resigned  on  account 
of  his  delicate  health;  was  appointed  collector  of 
customs  for  the  Passamaquoddy  district  of  Maine; 
died  June  17, 1835. 


598 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ripley,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  at  Schaghticoke, 
New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Richard  P.  Herrick,  deceased),  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Risley,  Elijah,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in  1780; 
removed  to  Cliautauqua  County,  New  York ;  held  sev 
eral  local  offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  0,946  votes  against  3,041)  votes  for  Chaffee, 
Cass  Democrat,  and  2,332  votes  for  Colman,  Van 
Buren  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851;  died  at  Fredouia,  New  York,  January 
9,  1870. 

Ritchie,  David,  was  born  at  Canonsburg,  Penn- 


menced  practice  at  Pittsbnrg;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,939  votes  against 
4,532  votes  for  Shannon,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,705  votes 
against  3,714  votes  for  Schaler,  Democrat ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  7,674  votes  against  5,944  votes  for  McCand- 
less,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1859;  was  county-judge  for  one  year;  died 
at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  January  24,  1867. 

Ritchie,  John,  was  born  in  Frederick  City, 
Maryland,  August  12,  1831 ;  was  educated  mainly  at 
the  Frederick  Academy;  commenced  the  study  of 
medicine,  but  relinquished  it  for  that  of  law,  at 
tending  during  his  course  the  law-school  of  Harvard 
College,  Massachusetts;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
October,  1854,  and  commenced  practice  at  Frederick 
City;  was  presidential  elector  in  1860  on  the  Breck- 
inridge  and  Lane  ticket;  in  1867  was  elected  to  serve 
for  four  years  as  State's  attorney  for  Frederick 
County  from  the  1st  of  January  ensuing,  which 
office  he  held  when  he  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  14,304  votes  against  12,486  votes 
for  J.  E.  Smith,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  12,545  votes  against  14,258  votes  for  Lloyd 
Lowndes,  Republican. 

Ritchie,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Somerset;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6, 
1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  9,037  votes  against 
0,681  votes  for  Welch,  Whig,  and  323  votes  for  Tuck 
er,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  5.  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855. 

Ritter,  Burwell  C.,  was  born  in  Barren  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky,  January  6, 1810;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1846  and  1850;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Con 
servative,  receiving  0,974  votes  against  5.786  votes  for 
Yeaman,  Republican,  serving  from  December  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1867. 

Ritter,  John,  was  born  at  Exeter,  Pennsylvania, 
February  6, 1779;  received  a  public-school  education; 
entered  the  printing-office  of  the  "Readinger  Adler" 
in  1797,  when  the  second  number  was  issued,  his 
father  being  half-owner;  in  1802  he  purchased  his 
father's  interest,  and  he  continued  to  conduct  the 
paper  until  his  death;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1836;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,941  votes 
against  1,747  votes  for  Hehn,  Whig;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 1847;  died  at  Reading, 
Pennsylvania,  November  24,  1851. 


Rivers,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Tennessee;  re 
sided  at  Somervillc;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  5,860  votes  against  5,136  votes 
for  Currin,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Rives,  Francis  E.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
sided  at  Littleton;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  60  majority  over  Dr.  Goodwin,  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
281  majority  over  James  W.  Pegram,  Whig,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1S41 ;  declined 
being  a  candidate  for  re-election ;  died  at  Littleton 
November  30,  1861. 

Rives,  William  Cabell,  was  born  in  Nelson 
County,  Virginia,  May  4,  1793;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College; 
studied  law  under  Thomas  Jefferson;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice ;  served  in  the 
home-guard  in  1814  and  1815;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Convention  in  1816;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1817,  1818,  1819, 
and  1822 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1829; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  minister  to 
France,  serving  from  April  18,  1829,  to  September  27, 
1832,  and  negotiating  the  Indemnity  Treaty  of  July 
4,  1831;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Virginia  (in  place  of  Littleton  W.  Tazewell,  re 
signed)  as  a  Van  Buren  Conservative,  serving  from 
January  4,  1833,  to  1834,  when  he  resigned  rather 
than  obey  instructions;  went  before  the  people,  and 
was  defeated  in  the  legislature  by  4  votes;  was  again 
elected  a  senator  (in  place  of  John  Tyler,  resigned), 
arid  was  twice  re-elected,  serving  from  March  14, 
1836,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  again  appointed  minister 
to  France,  serving  from  July  20,  1849,  to  May  12, 
1853;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Provisional 
Confederate  Congress  which  assembled  at  Richmond 
in  July,  1801 ;  was  a  representative  in  the  First  and 
Second  Confederate  Congresses,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  22,  1801,  to  1864;  died  near  Charlottesville,  Vir 
ginia,  April  26,  1868.  He  published  "  Life  and  Times 
of  James  Madison"  (three  volumes),  "Essays  on 
Agriculture,"  "Life  of  John  Hampden,"  "Ethics  of 
Christianity,"  and  "  Discourse  on  the  Uses  and  Im 
portance  of  History." 

Roane,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1754;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  was  a  presidential  elec 
tor  on  the  Washington  ticket;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
May  22,  1809,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twentieth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to 
March  3,  1831;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  died  at  his  residence  in  King  William 
County,  Virginia,  November  15,  1838. 

Roane,  John,  was  born  in.  Virginia,  and  was  a 
representative  from  that  State  in  the  Eleventh  and 
Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1813. 

Roane,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  2,  1833. 

Roane,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1788;  received  an  academical  education;  was  twice 
a  member  of  the  State  Executive  Council;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  elected  a  United- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


599 


States  senator  from  Virginia  (in  place  of  Richard  E. 
Parker,  resigned),  serving  from  September  4.  1837,  to 
March  3,  1841;  died  at  Tree  Hill,  near  Richmond, 
Virginia,  May  11,  1845. 

Robbins,  Asher,  was  born  at  Weathersfield, 
Connecticut,  in  September,  1757 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1782;  was 
a  tutor  in  Providence  College  (afterwards  Brown 
University),  1783-1788;  studied  law  at  Newport  with 
Attorney-General  William  Channing;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Providence, 
but  removed  in  1795  to  Newport;  was  appointed 
United-States  district-attorney  in  1812 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature  1818-1825;  was  elected  a 
senator  from  Rhode  Island  as  a  Whig  (in  place  of 
James  D'Wolf,  resigned),  and  re-elected,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  was  again 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  legislature,  serving  for 
several  years;  and  died  from  the  effects  of  a  fall  on 
the  ice  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  February  25,  1845. 

Robbins,  George  R.,  was  born  near  Allentown, 
Monmouth  County,  New  Jersey,  September  24,  1812 ; 
received  a  medical  education,  graduating  at  the  Jef 
ferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia,  in  1837,  and 
practised  at  Hamilton  Square ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  10,539  votes  against  7,709 
votes  for  Rne,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  11,723  votes  against 
10,602  votes  for  Wall,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Robbins,  John,  was  born  in  the  village  of 
Bustleton  (now  the  Twenty-third  Ward  of  the  city  of 
Philadelphia) ;  received  an  ordinary  school  education, 
and  was  subsequently  at  the  boarding-school  of  John 
Gummere,  the  eminent  mathematician  and  astrono 
mer,  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey;  was  raised  on  the 
farm  of  his  father,  and  became  practically  acquainted 
with  agricultural  pursuits;  when  a  young  man  he 
established  himself  at  Kensington  (now  the  Eigh 
teenth  Ward  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia)  as  a  manu 
facturer  of  steel,  and  afterward  became  interested  in 
a  mill  for  rolling  bar-iron  and  steel,  but  he  retired 
from  his  branch  of  business  in  1855;  he  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,601  votes  against 
6,251  votes  for  John  S.  Littell,  Whig ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  6,173  votes 
against  4,554  votes  for  Littell,  Whig;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  5,857  votes 
against  3,300  votes  for  Sanderson,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855,  and  declined  a 
re-election  in  1854 ;  he  filled  many  local  offices,  among 
them  several  connected  with  what  is  now  the  Board 
of  Education,  the  municipal  government  of  Ken 
sington,  and  the  Kensington  Bank ;  was  an  inspector 
of  Moyamensing  Prison,  a  guardian  of  the  poor  at 
Blockley  Almshouse,  a  director  of  Girard  College,  a 
manager  of  the  House  of  Correction,  and,  for  twenty- 
five  years,  a  manager  of  the  House  of  Refuge ;  and 
was  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  10,228  votes  against  7,579  votes  for 
Leonard  Myers,  Republican,  and  9,095  votes  for 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Robbins,  William  M.,  was  born  in  Randolph 
County,  North  Carolina,  and  is  about  forty-five  years 
of  age ;  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  North  Caro 
lina,  and  Randolph-Macon  College,  Virginia,  at 
which  latter  he  graduated  in  1851  with  the  first  dis 
tinction;  is  by  profession  a  lawyer;  was  an  ofncer  in 
the  Confederate  army  during  the  whole  war,  partici 
pating  in  nearly  all  the  battles  in  Virginia,  Maryland, 
and  Pennsylvania,  from  Bull  Run  to  Appomattox; 
was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1868, 
and  re-elected  in  1870;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Seymour  and  Blair  ticket  in  1868,  and  carried  his 
district  by  a  majority,  although  the  State  was  lost; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Conservative  Demo 


crat  by  a  majority  of  upward  of  1,600  over  D.  M. 
Furches,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  a  majority  of  4,373  votes 
over  C.  L.  Cook,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  13,724  votes 
against  9,549  votes  for  Thomas  J.  Dula,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Roberdeau,  Daniel,  was  born  on  the  Isle  of 
France  in  1727;  received  a  thorough  mercantile  edu 
cation;  entered  into  the  lumber-trade;  built  a  fort 
at  Wyoming,  Pennsylvania,  which  was  destroyed  by 
the  Indians ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl 
vania  to  the  Continental  Congress,  serving  1777-177U ; 
was  colonel  of  a  Philadelphia  regiment  of  volunteers; 
died  at  Winchester,  Virginia,  June  5,  1795. 

Roberts,  Anthony  E.,  was  born  in  Chester 
County,  Pennsylvania,  October,  1803 ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  removed  when  a  lad  with  his 
parents  to  Lancaster,  where  he  became  a  clerk  in  a 
store;  was  sheriff  of  Lancaster  County  1839-1842; 
was  appointed  by  President  Taylor  United-States 
marshal  of  the  Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania, 
serving  1849-1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
AVhig,  receiving  6,561  votes  against  5,371  votes  for 
Hiester,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  10,001  votes  against  8,320  votes 
for  Hiester,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Roberts,  Charles  B.,  was  born  at  Uniontown, 
Maryland,  April  19,  1842;  graduated  at  Calvert  Col 
lege,  New  Windsor,  Maryland,  in  1861 ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Seymour  and  Blair  ticket  in 
1868 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,682  votes  against  8,238  votes  for  John 
T.  Ensor,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,033  votes  against  11,984 
votes  for  J.  Morrison  Harris,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875. 

Roberts,  Edward.  "W.,  was  bom  near  Nash 
ville,  Tennessee,  June  13,  1823;  removed  in  1825 
with  his  parents  to  Iberville  Parish,  Louisiana ;  was 
educated  at  country  schools,  and  the  preparatory  de 
partment  of  Centenary  College,  Louisiana;  entered 
Augusta  College,  Kentucky,  in  1842,  and  then  entered 
the  Nashville  University,  Tennessee,  leaving,  before 
graduating,  in  1844;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in 
1845 ;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico  in  1846  as  order 
ly  sergeant  of  the  Second  Louisiana  Volunteers,  a 
six-months  regiment;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1847-1849;  entered  the 
law  department  of  the  University  of  Louisiana,  and 
graduated  in  1850;  practised  law  in  Iberville  Parish  ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1853;  was  elected  State  auditor  of  public  ac 
counts  in  1857,  re-elected  in  1858,  and  held  the  office 
until  1862 ;  entered  the  Confederate  service  in  March, 
1862,  as  captain  of  a  company  which  he  had  raised 
for  the  Twenty-seventh  Louisiana  Infantry;  partici 
pated  in  the  bombardments,  engagements,  and  siege 
at  Vicksburg  from  May  18,  1862,  to  the  surrender, 
and  also  served  in  the  battle  of  Baton  Rouge  August 
5,  1862,  as  volunteer  aide  to  General  Ruggles;  was 
captured  at  Vicksburg  July  4,  1863,  and  the  regiment 
was  not  afterwards  in  active  service ;  after  the  war, 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Baton  Rouge;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Conservative  Democrat,  receiving 
15,520  votes  against  11,147  votes  for  Charles  E.  Nash, 
Republican,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Roberts,  Ellis  H.,  was  born  at  Utica,  New 
York,  September  30,  1827;  was  trained  a  printer; 
graduated  at  Yale  College,  Connecticut,  in  1850;  be 
came  in  1851  editor  and  proprietor  of  "  The  Utica 
Morning  Herald;"  sat  in  the  National  Republican 
Convention  of  1864,  and  was  elected  to  that  of  1868; 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  New 
York  in  1867;  was  elected  a  representative  from 


600 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


New  York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Repub-  j 
Mean,  receiving  12,322  votes  against  10,606  votes  for 
A.  B.  Weaver,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,284  votes  against 


ing  Herald;"  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candi 
date  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  10,496 
votes  against  11,922  votes  for  Scott  Lord,  Democrat. 

Roberts,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  1771;  received 
a  public-school  education;  was  a  member  of  the 
Pennsylvania  State  Senate  and  House  of  Represen 
tatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twelfth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
to  February  28,  1814,  when,  having  been  elected  a 
United-Slates  senator  (in  place  of  Michael  Leib,  re 
signed),  he  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate,  serving  until 
March  3,  1821 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Harrison 
collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Philadelphia,  and 
was  removed  by  President  Tyler;  died  at  Phila 
delphia  July  7,  1854. 

Roberts,  Robert  W.,  was  born  in  Delaware; 
removed  to  Scott  County,  Mississippi,  and  located  at 
Hillsborough;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1847. 

Roberts,  William  Randal,  was  born  in  Cork 
County,  Ireland,  February  0,  1830;  arrived  in  the 
United  States  in  July,  1849;  received  an  academic 
education;  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in 
New  York  for  nearly  twenty  years,  and  retired  from 
business  in  18G9,  and  never  sought  for  or  held  a  po 
litical  office  until  he  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  14,506  votes  against  2,215  votes 
for  J.  A.  Briggs,  Republican,  and  159  votes  for  Gib 
bons,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  20,281  votes 
against  5,356  votes  for  M.  Stewart,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Robertson,  George,  was  born  in  Mercer  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky,  November  18,  1790;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Transylvania  Uni 
versity;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1809,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lancaster;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March 
3,  1821 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1822-1827,  serving  the  last  four  years  as 
speaker;  was  elected  State  secretary  of  state  in  1828; 
was  chief  justice  of  the  State  of  Kentucky  1829-1833; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Lexington,  and  died 
there  May  16,  1874. 

Robertson,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
sided  at  Richmond ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of 
Andrew  Stevenson,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
689  votes  against  331  votes  for  W.  H.  Roane,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  395  majority  over  W.  H.  Roane,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  December  8, 1834, 
to  March  3,  1839;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  re 
election. 

Robertson,  Thomas  Boiling,  was  born  at 
Richmond,  Virginia,  in  1778;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College 
in  1807;  was  appointed  United-States  district-judge 
for  Louisiana,  and  removed  to  New  Orleans;  was 
elected  the  first  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  875  ma 
jority  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  "Congress, 
receiving  880  majority ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  receiving  599  votes  against  152  votes 
for  J,  B.  Prevost ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth 


Congress,  serving  from  December  23,  1812,  to  1818, 
when  he  resigned. 

Robertson,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  Fail-field 
County,  South  Carolina,  August  3,  1823;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  South-Carolina 
College;  engaged  in  planting;  was  aide-de-camp  to 
Governor  Allston  of  South  Carolina  in  1857  and  1858; 
during  the  Rebellion  was  a  fearless  and  outspoken 
Union  man,  and  never  in  any  way  compromised  his 
position  as  a  loyal  citizen  of  the  United  States ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
assembled  under  the  reconstruction  acts  of  Congress, 
and,  on  the  first  meeting  of  the  legislature  under  the 
present  Constitution,  was  elected  without  opposition 
United-States  senator  from  South  Carolina  as  a  Re 
publican  to  fill  an  unexpired  term;  and  was  re-elect 
ed,  serving  from  July  10,  1SGS,  to  March  3.  1877. 

Robertson,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Bedford, 
New  York,  October  10,  1823 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Assembly  of  New  York  in  1849  and 
1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  New 
York  in  1854  and  1855 ;  was  judge  of  Westchester 
County,  New  York,  for  twelve  years ;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  in  1860;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  12,012  votes  against  9,957  votes 
for  Radford,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867, 
to  March  3,  18G9./ 

Robie,  Reuben,  was  born  in  Vermont  ;  re 
moved  to  Steuben  County,  New  York,  and  settled  at 
Bath ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,368  votes  against  7,538  votes  for  Church,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Robinson,  Christopher,  was  born  in  Rhode 
Island;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Brown  University  in  1825;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was 
elected  State  attorney-general;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  an  American  Republican,  receiving  3,406 
votes  against  2,654  votes  for  Davis,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  6,656  votes  against 
6,998  votes  for  Sheffield,  Unionist;  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  minister  to  Peru,  serving  June  8, 
1801-November  28,  1865. 

Robinson,  Edward,  was  born  in  1796;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  a  ship-master 
and  merchant  at  Thomaston,  Maine;  was  for  two 
years  a  member  of  the  Maine  Senate;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Jonathan  Cilley,  deceased)  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,203  votes  against  3,528  votes  for 
John  T.  McCratc,  Democrat,  204  votes  for  W.  J. 
Farley,  Independent  Whig,  134  votes  for  Joseph 
Sewell,  Independent  Democrat,  and  77  votes  for  Ed 
win  Smith,  Conservative,  serving  from  April  28, 
1838,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;  died  at  Thomaston, 
Maine,  February  20,  1857. 

Robinson,  George  D.,  was  born  at  Lexington, 
Massachusetts,  January  20,  1834;  prepared  for  col 
lege  at  Hopkins  Classical  School,  Cambridge,  Massa 
chusetts;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1856:  was 
principal  teacher  at  the  Chicopee  High  School  1856- 
1865;  studied  law  with  Hon.  Charles  Kobinson,  jun. ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Cambridge,  Massachu 
setts;  commenced  practice  at  Chicopee  in  1866:  was 
a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1874,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1876:  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,922  votes  against  9,760  votes  for  Chester  W.  Cha- 
pin,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Robinson,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Edgar  Coun 
ty,  Illinois,  in  1822;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1834;  served  as  a  private  in  the  Mexi- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


601 


can  war;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  13,588  votes  against  11,700  votes  for  Oglesby, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  receiving  19,233  votes  against  10,298  votes 
for  Cunningham,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  13,644  votes  against 
5,523  votes  for  Hicks,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  13,072  votes  against  12,448  votes  for  J.  Merriam, 
Republican,  and  1,175  votes  for  Minier,  Prohibition 
ist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  13,234  votes  against  12,311  votes  for  M.  II. 
Chamberlain,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Robinson,  James  W.,  was  born  in  Union 
County,  Ohio,  November  28,  1820;  graduated  at  Jef 
ferson  College,  Pennsylvania,  in  1848,  and  at  the 
Cincinnati  Law  College  in  1851,  and  practised  law  at 
Marysville ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  iu  the  legislature  of  Ohio  in  1858, 
180vJ,  and  1804;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  13,573  votes  against  13,140  votes  for 
G.  W.  Morgan,  Democrat,  and  229  votes  for  C.  W. 
Townsend,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  11,199  votes  against  11,627  votes  for  Earley 
F.  Poppleton,  Democrat,  and  1,045  votes  for  Harrod, 
Prohil'itionist. 

Robinson,  John  L.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
received  a  good  English  education;  removed  to  Rush 
County,  Indiana,  and  located  at  Rushvillc;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,9US  votes 
against  7,422  votes  for  P.  A.  Hacklemau,  Whig ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
8,120  votes  against  7,343  votes  for  Robinson,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  8,242  votes  against  8,173  votes  for  Watts,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  6,  1817,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  appointed  in  1853  by  President  Buchanan  United- 
States  marshal  for  the  (Southern  District  of  Indiana, 
and  held  the  position  until  his  death  at  Rushville 
March  21,  1800. 

Robinson,  John  M.,  was  born  in  1793;  received 
a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Carmi,  Illi 
nois;  was  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Illinois  (in 
place  of  John  McLean,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  January  4,  1831,  to  March  3,  1841;  died 
at  Ottawa,  Illinois,  April  20,  1843. 

Robinson,  Jonathan  (brother  of  Moses  Robin 
son),  was  born  at  Hardwick,  Massachusetts,  in  1745; 
received  an.  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Ben- 
nington,  Vermont;  was  chief  justice  of  Vermont 
1S01-18J7;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Vermont  (in  place  of  Israel  Smith,  resigned),  serving 
from  October  20,  1807,  to  March  2,  1815;  died  at  Ben- 
iiington,  Vermont,  November  3,  1819. 

Robinson,  Milton  S.,  was  born  at  Versailles, 
Indiana,  April  20,  1832;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law  with  his  father  at  Greens- 
burg,  Indiana,  and  commenced  practice  at  Anderson 
in  1851 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Republican 
ticket  in  1850;  was  appointed  director  of  the  North 
ern  Indiana  State  Prison  in  1801,  but  resigned  after 
a  brief  term  of  service ;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
September,  1801,  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Forty- 
seventh  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry;  was  promoted 
colonel  of  the  Seventy-lifth  Indiana  Volunteer  In 
fantry  in  1802,  and  was  subsequently  brevetted  briga 
dier-general ;  was  elected  State  senator  1866-1870; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  at  Philadelphia  iu  1872;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  i'roiu  Indiana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 


gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,471  votes  against 
12,017  votes  for  Edmond  Johnson,  Inflation  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-iifth  Congress, 
receiving  17,403  votes  against  17,127  votes  for  Cham 
bers,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Robinson,  Moses  (brother  of  Jonathan  Robin 
son),  was  born  at  Hardwick,  Massachusetts,  March 
2(5,  1741 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  removed  to 
Vermont  with  his  father;  studied  law,  and  practised ; 
was  chief  justice  of  Vermont  in  1778;  was  governor 
of  Vermont  1789-1790 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Vermont  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
October  24,  1791,  to  March,  1790,  when  he  resigned; 
died  at  Bennington,  Vermont,  May  26,  1813. 

Robinson,  Orville,  was  born  in  New  York ;  re 
sided  at  Mexico;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House'' 
of  Representatives  in  1834.  1836,  and  1837;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  iu  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,819  votes  against  0,598  votes  for  Duer,  Whig,  and 
956  votes  for  Jackson,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  again  elected 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1856. 

Robinson,  Thomas,  jun.,  was  born  in  Sussex 
County,  Delaware;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Delaware  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  defeating 
Millegan,  serving  from  December  2,  183'.),  to  March  3, 
1841 ;  died  at  Georgetown,  Delaware,  after  an  illness 
of  four  years,  October  28,  1843. 

Robinson,  William  B.,  was  born  near  Cooks- 
town,  Ireland,  May  6,  1814;  immigrated  to  this 
country  in  1836;  graduated  at  Yale  College,  Con 
necticut,  and  was  a  student  at  the  Yale  Law  School ; 
was  a  writer  for  "  The  New- York  Tribune  "  over  the 
signature  of  "Richelieu,"  and  for  other  journals; 
was  editor  of  "The  People;"  practised  law;  was 
United-States  assessor  of  internal  revenue  from  1802 
until  1807;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  12,634  votes  against  10,803  votes  for  Chittenden, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1869. 

Robison,  David  P.,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  resided  at  Chambersburg ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  9,641  votes  against 
9,025  votes  for  lieilly,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Rochester,  William  B.,  was  born  in  Washing 
ton  County,  Maryland ;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Bath,  New  York;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3, 
1823;  was  appointed  a  State  circuit-judge  April  21, 
1833,  but  resigned  in  1836,  and  was  defeated  as  can 
didate  for  governor,  receiving  90,135  votes  against 
99,785  votes  for  De  Witt  Clinton;  he  was  lost  when 
the  steamer  "  Pulaski  "  was  wrecked  off  the  coast  of 
iNorth  Carolina,  June  15,  1838. 

Rockhill,  William,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
removed  to  Indiana,  and  settled  at  Fort  Wayne;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,017  votes  against 
0,441  votes  for  Ewing,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Rockwell,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Norwich, 
Connecticut,  in  1804;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1822;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Nor 
wich  ;  was  twice  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  ;  was  judge  of  the  County  Court ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,734  votes  against 
5,391  votes  for  Catlin,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  0,112  votes  against 
5,578  votes  for  Billings,  Democrat,  and  654  votes 
Abolition  and  scattering,  serving  from  December  1,' 
1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 


602 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
5,992  votes  against  6,140  votes  for  Cleveland,  Demo 
crat;  practised  in  the  Court  of  Claims  at  Washing 
ton,  District  of  Columbia,  where  he  died  of  apoplexy 
February  10,  1861. 


necticut 
tion,  gr;i 

at  the  New-Haven  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1829,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pittsfield, 
Massachusetts,  in  1830;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1834  to  1838,  serving  the 
last  three  years  as  speaker;  was  a  State  bank  com 
missioner  1838-1840;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,714  votes  against  4,138  votes  for  Byington, 
Democrat,  and  912  votes  scattering;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,865  votes  against 
3,220  votes  for  Plunkett,  Democrat,  and  2,325  votes 
for  Sedgwick,  Democrat,  serving  from  February  2, 
1844,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1853 ;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Massachusetts  (in  place 
of  Edward  Everett,  resigned),  serving  from  June  15, 
1854,  to  February  10,  1855,  when  Henry  Wilson,  hav 
ing  been  elected,  took  his  seat;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Fillmore  ticket  in  1856 ;  was  again  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1858;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court 
of  Massachusetts  in  1859. 

Rodman,  William,  was  born  at  Bensalem, 
Pennsylvania,  October  7, 1757;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  commanded 
a  company  during  the  Whiskey  Insurrection  in  West 
ern  Pennsylvania ;  was  for  many  years  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving 
from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813;  died  at 
Bensalem,  Pennsylvania,  July  27,  1824. 

Rodney,  Caesar  (uncle  of  Caesar  A.  Rodney), 
was  born  at  Dover,  Delaware,  in  1730;  received  a 
liberal  education;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  appointed  high  sheriff  of  Kent  County 
in  1758,  and,  at  the  end  of  his  term  of  service,  was 
created  a  justice  of  the  peace  and  a  judge  of  the 
lower  courts ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1762 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Mary 
land  to  the  Stamp- Act  Congress  in  1765 ;  was  again  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  serv 
ing  as  speaker  for  several  years;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1774;  entered  the  Revo 
lutionary  army  (although  he  had  lost  his  right  eye 
from  cancer,  and  was  troubled  with  asthma),  and 
commanded  a  regiment  of  minute-men  in  1775;  was 
again  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
serving  1777-1778;  was  also  brigadier-general  com 
manding  the  Delaware  line ;  was  again  elected  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  but,  before  he  took 
his  seat,  he  was  chosen  president  of  Delaware,  serv- 
ing_1778-1782:  died  in  1784. 

Rodney,  Caesar  A.  (nephew  of  Caesar  Rodney), 
was  born  in  Delaware ;  received  a  liberal  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Wilmington,  Delaware ;  was  an  active  Freemason ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Delaware  in  the 
Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805;  was  appointed  by 
President  Jefferson  attorney-general  of  the  United 
States,  and  continued  by  President  Madison,  serving 
from  January  20,  1807,  to  December  11,  1811;  com 
manded  a  battalion  of  Delaware  volunteers,  which 
marched  to  the  defence  of  Baltimore  in  1812;  was 
sent  to  South  America  by  President  Monroe  as  one 
of  the  commissioners  to  investigate  and  report  on  the 
propriety  of  recognizing  the  independence  of  the 
Spanish-American  republics,  which  he  advocated  on 
his  return;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 1821,  to  January 


24,  1822,  when,  having  been  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Delaware,  he  took  his  seat  in  the  Sen 
ate,  serving  until  January  27, 1823,  when  he  resigned, 
laving  been  commissioned  minister  plenipotentiary 
x>  Buenos  Ayres;  he  died  at  his  post  June  14,  1831. 

Rodney,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Delaware  in  1764; 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1809 ;  was  governor  of 
Delaware  1814-1817;  received  the  electoral  vote  of 
Delaware  for  Vice-President  in  1821 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Seventeenth 
~'ongress  (in  place  of  Caesar  A.  Rodney,  elected  sena 
tor),  serving  from  December  2, 1822,  to  March  3, 1823 ; 
was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Delaware 
[in  place  of  Nicholas  Van  Dyke,  deceased),  serving 
from  December  4,  1826,  to  January  23,  1827,  when 
the  elected  successor  of  Mr.  Van  Dyke  took  his  seat; 
died  September  2,  1846. 

Rodney,  George  B.,  was  born  at  New  Castle, 
Delaware,  in  1803;  received  a  classical  education, 
jraduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1820 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Delaware  in  the  Twenty-sev- 
nth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  5,467  votes  against 
5,458  votes  for  Jones,  Democrat,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Peace  Congress  at  Washington  in  1861. 

Rodney,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Delaware ;  was  a 
delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1781-1783  and  1785-1787;  was  appointed  in  1803,  by 
President  Jefferson,  United-States  judge  for  the  Ter 
ritory  of  Mississippi ;  became  a  land-owner  in  Jeffer 
son  County,  where  the  town  of  Rodney  was  named  in 
honor  of  him ;  died  there  in  1811. 

Rogers,  Andrew  J.,  was  born  at  Hamburg, 
New  Jersey,  July  1,  1828;  received  a  public-school 
education;  taught  school,  during  which  time  he 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,791  votes  against  10,024  votes 
for  Linn,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  14,059  votes  against  12,173 
votes  for  Little,  Republican,  serving  from  December 
7,  1863,  to  March  3, 1867. 

Rogers,  Anthony  A.  C.,  was  born  in  Sumner 
County,  Tennessee,  February  14,  1821;  received  a 
limited  education  in  a  country  school  until  he  was 
fifteen  years  old,  when  he  was  employed  as  clerk  in  a 
dry-goods  store  until  the  age  of  twenty-two,  after 
which  he  was  largely  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits, 
being  one  of  the  most  prosperous  merchants  in  the 
South- West;  he  removed  to  Arkansas  in  1854,  and  in 
1861  was  the  candidate  of  the  Union  men  for  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Convention,  where  he  earnestly  op 
posed  secession ;  he  was  arrested  for  his  loyalty  to  the 
General  Government,  imprisoned,  and  forced  to  give 
bonds  to  answer  the  charge  of  "treason  against  the 
Confederate  Government ; "  he  was  elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress  in  1864  by  the  loyal  men  of  his 
district ;  was  not  permitted  to  take  his  seat,  his  State 
not  having  been  legally  reconstructed ;  and  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  the  "People's  candidate"  (although 
he  had  been  for  years  identified  with  the  Republican 
party),  receiving  6,518  votes  against  5,332  votes  for 
Elliot,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1871 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,357 
votes  against  12,742  votes  for  Oliver  P.  Snyder,  Re 
publican. 

Rogers,  Charles,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Sandy 
Hill ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1833  and  1837;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  6,143  votes  against  2,263  votes  for 
Hunter,  Democrat,  and  248  votes  for  Corliss,  Aboli 
tionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845. 
Rogers,  Edward,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


603 


17S7;  received  an  academical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Madison,  New  York;  was  for  many  years  county- 
jiulge  for  Madison  County;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,G99  votes  against  9,015 
votes  for  Victory  Birdseye,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  died  at  Galway,  New 
York,  May  23,  1857. 

Rogers,  James,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  South- 
Carolina  College  in  1813;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Yorkville; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat, 
receiving  4,213  votes  against  4,038  votes  for  W.  K. 
Clowney,  Nullifier,  serving  from  December  7,  1835, 
to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  by  Clowney  as  a  can 
didate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  removed  to 
Maybington,  South  Carolina;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Rogers,  John,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  was  a 
delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1775-1776;  was  chancellor  of  Maryland ;  died  at  An 
napolis  October  7,  1789. 

Rogers,  John,  was  born  at  Caldwell,  New  York, 
May  9,  1813;  received  a  public-school  education;  was 
a  manufacturer,  merchant,  and  general-business 
man ;  declined  public  office  except  to  serve  as  super 
visor  of  the  town  of  Blackbrook,  where  he  resided 
for  nine  or  ten  years ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  9,444  votes  against  9,272  votes 
for  Williams,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Rogers,  Sion  H.,  was  born  in  Wake  County, 
North  Carolina,  September  30,  1825 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  North-Carolina 
University  in  1846;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1848,  and  commenced  practice  at  Raleigh ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
4,201  votes  against  4,134  votes  for  Venable,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1855;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  colonel  of 
the  Forty-seventh  North-Carolina  Infantry;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  serving 
from  May  23,  1872,  to  March  3,  1873 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  13,146  votes  against  13,870  votes  for 
William  A.  Smith,  Republican;  died  at  Raleigh, 
North  Carolina,  August  14,  1874. 

Rogers,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  at  Waterford, 
Ireland,  in  1781;  immigrated  to  the  United  States  in 
1784;  learned  the  art  of  printing,  and  for  many  years 
published  and  edited  a  political  newspaper;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Ross,  resigned) 
as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Sev 
enteenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
March  24,  1818,  to  April  26,  1824,  when  he  resigned, 
having  been  appointed  register  and  recorder  of  deeds 
for  Northampton  County,  Pennsylvania;  died  at  New- 
York  City  December  7,  1832. 

Rollins,  Edward  H.,  was  born  at  Somersworth 
(now  llollinford),  New  Hampshire,  October  3,  1824; 
received  an  academic  education,  and  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  was  chairman  of  the  Republican 
State  Committee  of  New  Hampshire  at  its  original 
organization,  and  for  many  succeeding  years ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1855,  1856,  and 
1857,  serving  the  last  two  years  as  speaker  of  the 
House;  was  chairman  of  the  New-Hampshire  delega 
tion  at  the  National  Republican  Convention  at  Chi 
cago  in  I860  which  nominated  Lincoln  and  Hamlin; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  10,768  votes  against  9,791  votes  for  Bell,  Demo 


crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  10.365  votes  against  9,999  votes  for  John  H. 
George,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  10,984  votes  against  8,894 
votes  for  Clark,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861, 
to  March  3,  1807;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  New  Hampshire,  serving  from  March  4,  1877. 

Rollins,  James  Sidney,  was  born  in  Madison 
County,  Kentucky,  April  19,  1812;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Indi 
ana  in  1830;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to' the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Boone  County,  Missouri ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1840-1844,  of  the  State  Senate  1846-1850,  and  again 
of  the  House  1854-1856;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  governor  in  1857;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Conservative,  receiving  11,161  votes  against 
10,908  votes  for  Henderson,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  7,700  votes 
against  2,797  votes  for  Krekel,  Emancipationist,  serv 
ing  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Roman,  J.  Dixon,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  -was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Hagerstown;  was  president  of  the  Hagerstown  Bank; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,136  votes 
against  6.818  votes  for  Shriver,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket 
in  1849,  and  on  the  Buchanan  and  Breckinridge 
ticket  in  1857;  died  near  Hagerstown,  Maryland, 
January  19,  1867. 

Romero,  Trinidad,  was  born  at  Santa  Fe,  New 
Mexico,  June  15,  1835;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  became  interested  in  merchandise  and 
stock-raising ;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  House 
of  Representatives  in  1863;  was  elected  probate  judge 
of  San  Miguel  County  in  1867,  serving  until  he  re 
signed  ;  and  was  elected  a  delegate  from  the  Territory 
of  New  Mexico  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  9,591  votes  against  7,418  votes  for 
Pedro  Valdez,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

Roosevelt,  James  I.,  was  born  at  New  York 
December  14,  1796;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1815;  studied  law 
with  Peter  Augustus  Jay;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1818,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  York ;  was 
a  member  of  the  common  council  in  1828-1830 ;  re 
turned  in  1831,  and  resumed  practice;  was  a  commis 
sioner  of  the  almshouse  and  several  other  charitable 
institutions;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1835,  and  again  in  1840  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  22,010 
votes  against  20,996  votes  for  Moses  H.  Grinnell, 
Whig,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
declined  a  renomination  in  consequence  of  family 
bereavements,  and  made  a  second  visit  to  Europe; 
devoted  five  or  six  years  to  the  cultivation  of  his  farm 
in  Westchester  County,  New  York,  for  his  health ; 
was  elected  in  1851  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  for 
the  New- York  District,  and  served  until  1859,  occu 
pying  one  year,  ex  officio,  a  seat  in  the  Court  of  Ap 
peals;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  United- 
States  attorney  for  the  Southern  District  of  New 
York ;  retired  to  private  life ;  had  a  fall  in  his  room, 
by  which  the  neck  of  the  thigh-bone  was  broken; 
and  died  soon  afterwards  at  New  York,  April  5, 1875. 

Roosevelt,  Robert  B.,  was  born  in  the  city  of 
New  York  in  1829;  was  educated  as  a  lawyer,  and 
practised  at  the  bar  of  New  York  for  twenty  years; 
was  appointed  commissioner  of  fisheries  for  the  State 
of  New  York  in  1868,  a  position  he  still  holds ;  has 
edited  "  The  New- York  Citizen  "  since  1868;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,702  votes 
against  5,501  votes  for  M.  T.  McMahou,  Independent 


604 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Democrat,  and  790  votes  for  Leggatt,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873.  Has 
published  "Game-Fish  of  the  North,"  "Superior 
Fishing,"  " Game-Birds  of  the  North,"  "Five  Acres 
Too  Much,"  and  other  works. 

Root,  Erastus,  was  born  at  Hebron,  Connecti 
cut,  March  16,  1772;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1793;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Delhi,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1798-1802;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  October  17,  1803, 
to  March  3,  1805 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1811;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1812-1815; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (having 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Adams), 
serving  from  December  13,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1818-1822;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor 
in  1822,  but  was  badly  defeated  by  General  Talmadge 
in  the  exciting  canvass  of  1823 ;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  House  in  1830 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831, 
to  March  2,  1833;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4.284  votes 
against  5,072  votes  for  Judson  Allen,  Democrat;  was 
major-general  of  militia ;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1840-1844;  died  very  suddenly  at  New- 
York  City,  while  on  his  way  to  visit  the  family  of  his 
son-in-law  at  Washington,  December  24,  1846. 

Root,  Jesse,  was  born  at  Coventry,  Connecti 
cut,  January,  1737;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1756;  studied  the 
ology,  and  preached,  but  turned  his  attention  to  the 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1763,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Hartford,  Connecticut;  took  part  in  the 
Revolution  as  lieutenant-colonel ;  was  a  delegate  from 
Connecticut  to  the  Continental  Congress  177S-1783; 
was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  in  1789, 
and  its  chief  justice  in  1796,  serving  until  he  resigned 
in  1807 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  died  at  Coventry,  Connecticut,  April  5, 
1822.  He  published  "Reports  of  Cases  adjudged  in 
the  Court  of  Errors  of  Connecticut,"  in  two  vol 
umes. 

Root,  Joseph  M.,  was  born  at  Brutus,  New 
York,  October  7,  1817;  received  a  thorough  English 
education;  studied  law  at  Auburn;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced  practice  at  Norwalk, 
Ohio;  was  prosecuting-attorney  of  Huron  County; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1840;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  as  an  Independent  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  8,434  votes 
against  6,077  votes  for  Stone,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1851;  resumed  prac 
tice  at  Norwalk. 

Roots,  Logan  H.,  was  born  in  Perry  County, 
Illinois,  March  2(5,  1841;  was  principal  of  the  high 
school  at  Duquoin  the  winter  previous  to  reaching 
his  majority,  and  graduated  with  the  first  honors  of 
his  class  at  the  Illinois  State  Normal  University  in 
1862 ;  at  once  thereafter  took  an  active  part  in  re 
cruiting  the  Eighty-first  Illinois  Volunteers;  was 
soon  commissioned,  and  served  until  promoted  by 
an  appointment  as  a  staff-officer  of  United-States 
volunteers,  under  which  he  was  chief  depot-commis 
sary  for  the  combined  armies  commanded  by  General 
Sherman  on  the  "march  to  the  sea;"  served  in 
other  responsible  positions  until  the  close  of  the  war 
in  1865;  then  settled  in  Arkansas,  and  engaged  in 
cotton-planting  and  trading;  upon  the  passage  of  the 
reconstruction  acts  in  1867,  took  a  bold  and  promi 
nent  position  in  favor  of  the  reconstruction  of  the 
State;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Arkansas 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  by  a  large  majority,  and  was 
the  youngest  member  of  that  body ;  was  elected  to 


the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
7,151  votes  against  6,684  votes  for  Cameron,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  June  24,  1868,  to  March  3,  1871; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,748  votes  against 
9,318  votes  for  James  M.  Hauks,  Democrat. 

Rose,  Robert  L.,  was  born  at  Geneva,  New 
York,  October  12,  18U4;  devoted  himself  to  agricul 
tural  pursuits,  and  cultivated  a  farm  at  Allen's  Hill; 
was  for  many  years  town  supervisor ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Clay  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,816  votes  against 
4,659  votes  for  Garlingho,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  and 
2,166  votes  for  Parburt,  Cass  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1850. 

Rose,  Robert  S.,  was  born  in  Henrico  County, 
Virginia,  in  1772;  removed  to  New  York,  and  settled 
at  Geneva;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1811,  1820,  and  1821;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at 
Waterloo,  New  York,  November  24,  1835. 

Ross,  David,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  was  a 
delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental  Congress 
178(5-1787. 

Ross,  Edmund.  GK,  was  born  at  Ashland,  Ohio, 
December  7,  1826;  learned  the  art  of  printing  at 
Huron,  Ohio,  and,  after  having  been  foreman  of 
"  The  Milwaukee  Sentinel,"  went  to  Kansas  at  the 
commencement  of  the  troubles  there,  and  became 
editor  of  "  The  Kansas  Tribune,"  at  that  time  the 
only  free-State  paper  in  the  Territory,  all  others  hav 
ing  been  destroyed ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1859  which  framed  the  present 
constitution  of  the  State;  entered  the  Union  army 
as  a  private  soldier,  and  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
major  in  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion ; 
was  appointed  United-States  senator  from  Kansas  as 
a  Republican  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
death  of  James  H.  Lane,  deceased),  serving  from 
July  25,  1866,  to  March  4,  1871. 

Ross,  George,  was  born  at  New  Castle,  Dela 
ware,  in  1730;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1751,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania; 
was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1768;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1774-1777;  took  an  active 
part  in  re-organizing  the  government  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  appointed,  in  April,  1779,  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Admiralty  for  Pennsylvania;  died  at  Lan 
caster,  Pennsylvania,  from  an  attack  of  the  gout, 
July  16,  1779. 

Ross,  Henry  H.,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
New  York ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Columbia  College,  N#>v  York,  in  1808;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Essex,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1827 ;  was  county-judge  of  Essex  County  in  1847  and 
1848;  was  presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and 
Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  died  at  Essex,  New  York, 
September  13,  1862. 

Ross,  James,  was  born  in  York  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  July  12,  1762;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  taught  school  at  Canonsburg;  studied  law 
at  Philadelphia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1784.  and 
commenced  practice  at  Philadelphia;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1790;  was 
defeated  as  the  Federal  candidate  for  governor  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1799  by  Thomas  McKean,  Demo 
crat;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Penn 
sylvania  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  April  24,  1794, 
to  March  3,  1803 ;  died  at  his  residence,  near  Pitts- 
burg,  Pennsylvania,  November  27,  1847. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


605 


Ross,  John,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from 
May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811 ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to 
February  24,  1818,  when  he  resigned,  having  accepted 
the  appointment  of  president-judge  of  the  judicial 
district  in  which  he  resided. 

Ross,  Lewis  W.,  was  born  in  Seneca  County, 
New  York,  December  8,  1812;  was  educated  at  the 
Illinois  College;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Illinois  in  1840, 
1841,  1844,  and  1845;  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1848 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  Illinois  in  1801 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  13,391  votes  against  no  opposi 
tion;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
receiving  15,296  votes  against  12,239  votes  for  Fuller- 
ton,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,490  votes  against  14,721  votes  for 
Lippencott,  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  Manh 
3,  1809. 

RO33,  Miles,  was  born  in  Raritati  Township, 
Middlesex  County,  New  Jersey,  April  30,  1828;  re 
ceived  a  practical  English  education;  was  for  many 
years  engaged  with  his  father  in  the  vessel  business, 
but  became  a  wholesale  coal-merchant,  and  also 
largely  interested  in  vessel  property;  filled  nearly  all 
of  the  local  positions  of  his  neighborhood ;  was  for 
two  years  a  member  oi  the  State  legislature  of  New 
Jersey;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jer 
sey  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  15,682  votes  against  13,029  votes  for  Amos 
Clark,  jun.,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,525  votes  against 
15.359  votes  for  Atherton,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  0,  1875. 

Ross,  Sobieski,  was  born  at  Coudersport,  Penn 
sylvania.  May  10,  1828;  was  educated  as  a  surveyor 
and  civil  engineer,  but  became  engaged  in  settling  a 
large  body  of  land  in  severnl  of  the  northern  coun 
ties  of  Pennsylvania;  was  also  a  farmer;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,041 
votes  against-<  14,627  votes  for  II.  Sherwood,  Demo 
crat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  10,600  votes  against  9,831  votes  for  II.  W. 
Early,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1877;  lost  his  health,  and,  after  having  been 
despondent  for  some  months,  shot  himself  through 
the  heart  in  the  barn  near  his  dwelling  at  Couders 
port.  Pennsylvania,  October  25,  1877. 

Ross,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton 
College  in  1825 ;  resided  at  Doylestown ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,043  votes 
against  7,722  votes  for  Taylor,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,568  votes 
against  7,328  votes  for  Taylor,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Ross,  Thomas  R.,  was  born  in  1789;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lebanon, 
Ohio ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  receiving  2,864  votes  against 
1,003  votes  for  J.  H.  Piatt,  and  1,287  votes  for  Ethan 
Stone ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  and  Eigh 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  6,  1819, 
to  March  3,  1825 ;  retired  from  practice  in  1849,  and 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  lost  his  eyesight 
in  1806;  died  on  his  farm,  near  Lebanon,  Ohio,  June 
28,  1809. 

Rousseau,  Lovell  H.,  was  born  near  Stanford, 
Kentucky,  August  4,  1818;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1841,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bloomfield,  Indiana; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1844  and  1845 ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  cap 


tain  in  the  Second  Indiana  Regiment,  and  dis 
tinguished  himself  at  Buena  Vista;  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate  of  Indiana;  returned  to  Kentucky, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Louisville ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  of  Kentucky;  entered  the 
Union  army,  and  served  prominently  in  the  Army 
of  the  Cumberland;  commanded  his  brigade  in  it 
on  the  inarch  to  Nashville,  and  led  it  at^Pittsburg 
Landing;  shared  its  rough  fortunes  at  Perryville; 
won  a  division  at  Stone  River;  was  in  the  Tulla- 
homa  campaign  in  the  movement  on  Chattanooga, 
and  at  Chickamauga;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  defeating  Robert  Mallory,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  July  21,  1866, 
when  he  resigned,  having  personally  assaulted  Rep 
resentative  Grinnell  of  Iowa  in  the  Capitol;  was 
subsequently  re-elected  at  a  new  election,  and  took 
his  seat  Decembers,  1806,  serving  to  March  3,  1807; 
was  appointed  by  President  Johnson  brigadier-gen 
eral  in  the  regular  army  assigned  to  duty  at  Alaska; 
he  visited  some  friends  at  New  Orleans  before  start 
ing,  and  his  conduct  led  General  Sheridan,  who  was 
in  command  there,  to  make  complaint  against  him ; 
returned  from  Alaska  to  testify  in  the  impeachment 
trial,  and  was  subsequently  assigned  to  the  command 
from  which  Sheridan  was  removed;  died  at  New 
Orleans  January  7,  1809. 

Rowan,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in 
1773 ;  removed,  when  young,  to  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
where  he  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised ;  wr.s  secretary  of  the  State  of  Kentucky  in 
1804;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  January  9,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1809;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals 
in  1819;  was  grand  orator  of  the  grand  lodge  of  Free 
masons  of  Kentucky  in  1820;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Kentucky,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  minister  to  Naples 
from  January  3,  1848,  to  January  1,  1850;  died  at 
Louisville,  Kentucky,  July  13,  1853. 

Rowe,  Peter,  was  born  in  New  York;  resided  at 
Schenoctady;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,910  votes  against  10,057  votes  for  Miller, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1855. 

Royce,  Homer  E.,  was  born  at  Berkshire, 
Vermont,  in  1819;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Berkshire,  Vermont; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1840  and  1847;  was  State  prosecuting-attorney  in 
1848;  was  a  State  senator  in  1849-1851;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,110  votes 
against  3,134  votes  for  Bingham,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
7,418  votes  against  3,280  votes  for  Bingham,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1861 ;  is  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Vermont. 

Rufnn,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Edgecombe  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Chapel-Hill  University ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Goldsborough ;  was  circuit-attorney  1844-1848;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,812 
votes  against  2,653  votes  for  Loftin,  Independent 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  6,739  votes  against  3,464  votes  for 
Latham,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  6,040  votes  against  016  scat 
tering  votes;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,382  votes  against  476  scattering 
votes,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1801 ;  retired  from  the  House  on  the  secession  of 
North  Carolina;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Provisional 
Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  which  met  at 
Richmond  in  July,  1861 ;  served  in  the  Confederate 


606 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


army,  and  died,  as  the  result  of  a  wound  received 
some  days  previous,  at  Alexandria,  Virginia,  Octo 
ber  8,  1803. 

Buggies,  Benjamin,  was  bora  in  Wlndham 
County,  Connecticut,  in  17(53;  received  an  academical 
education;  taught  school;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Marietta, 
Ohio,  removing  afterwards  to  St.  Clairsville;  was  a 
devoted  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity;  was 
elected  in  1810  president-judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  for  the  Third  Judicial  Circuit ;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Ohio  as  a  Democrat, 
and  twice  re-elected,  serving  from  March  4,  1815,  to 
March  2,  1833;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Harrison  ticket  in  1836;  died  at  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio, 
September  2,  1837. 

Ruggles,  Charles  H.,  was  born  in  Litchfleld 
County,  Connecticut,  in  1790;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Kingston,  New  York; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1820;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 

3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;   was  a  judge  of  the  Dutch- 
ess-county  Circuit  Court;    was  again  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;   was  elected  a 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  November  8,   1853, 
and  resigned  August  30,  1855 ;  died  at  Poughkeep- 
sie,  New  York,  June  16,  1865. 

Ruggles,  John,  was  born  at  Westborough,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1700;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1813;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1815  at  Skowhegan,  Maine,  but  removed  to  Thomas- 
ton  in  1818;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1823-1831,  and  speaker  of  the  House  1825- 
1829,  and  again  in  1831 ;  he  resigned  the  speakership 
in  1831  to  accept  the  position  of  judge  of  the  District 
Court  of  Maine  (made  vacant  by  the  election  of  Judge 
S.  E.  Smith  as  governor) ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Maine  (in  the  place  of  Peleg  Sprague, 
resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  February  6, 
1835,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  retiring  from  political  life, 
he  engaged  actively  in  the  duties  of  his  profession; 
and  died  at  Thomaston,  Maine,  June  20,  1874. 

Ruggles,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  in  17(51;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1781;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  Seaver,  War  can 
didate;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fif 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1819;  died  at  Roxbury,  Massachusetts,  De 
cember  19,  1819. 

Rumsey,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
and  was  a  delegate  from  that  State  in  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1785-17o7. 

Ramsey,  David,  jun.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Bath;  held  several  offices  in  Steuben 
County;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,282 
votes  against  5,938  votes  for  Grover,  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  and  2,982  votes  for  Angel,  Cass  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  (!,  1847,  to  March  3,  1*51. 

Rumsey,  Edward,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
sided  at  Greenville ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
defeating  Jones,  Democrat,  serving  from  September 

4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Runk,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ;  resided 
at  Kingwood  ;  was  presidential  elector  in  1840  on  the 
Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,942  votes  against  8,926  votes 
for  Isaac  G.  Farlee,  Democrat  (who  contested  the 
seat,  but  the  House  refused  to  give  it  to  him  by  the 
speaker's  casting  vote),  serving  from  December  1, 
1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Rush,  Benjamin,  was  born  on  Poquestion  Creek, 


near  Philadelphia,  December  24,  1745;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1760:  went  abroad,  and  studied  medicine  at  Edin 
burgh,  London,  and  Paris,  returning  to  commence 
practice  at  Philadelphia  in  August,  1709;  held 
several  professorships  in  the  Philadelphia  Medical 
College ;  took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1776-1777;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  surgeon-general  of  the  Middle 
Department;  was  made  physician-general  in  July, 
1777,  and  resigned  in  February,  177S;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Conventions  which  adopted  the  Federal 
Constitution  and  framed  a  State  Constitution ;  was 
eminently  successful  in  his  treatment  of  the  yellow- 
fever  at  Philadelphia  in  1793;  was  treasurer  of  the 
United-States  Mint  at  Philadelphia  from  179:'  until 
his  death  at  that  city  April  19,  1813.  He  published 
"  Medical  Inquiries  and  Observations  "  (in  five  vol 
umes),  "  Diseases  of  the  Mind,"  and  "  Medical 
Tracts,"  besides  numerous  essays  and  medical  pa 
pers. 

Rusk,  Jeremiah  M.,  was  born  in  Morgan 
County,  Ohio,  June  17, 1830;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Vernon  County,  Wisconsin, 
in  1853;  held  several  county-offices;  was  a  member 
of  the  Wisconsin  State  legislature  of  1802 ;  was  com 
missioned  major  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Wisconsin  Vol 
unteers  in  July,  1862 ;  was  soon  afterward  promoted 
to  the  colonelcy;  served  with  General  Sherman  from 
the  siege  of  Vicksburg  until  mustered  out  at  the  close 
of  the  war,  and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  for 
meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Salkehatchie; 
was  elected  bank  comptroller  of  Wisconsin  for  1806- 
1867,  and  re-elected  for  1868^-1869;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican, -receiving  15,042  votes  against 
9,514  votes  for  A.  Meggett,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  16,183  votes 
against  8,547  votes  for  S.  Marston,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  13,637  votes  against  10,133  votes  for  Fulton,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Rusk,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  South  Carolina; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Georgia;  removed  to  Texas  in  1835;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  that  declared  the  independence  of 
Texas  in  March,  1836;  was  the  first  secretary  of  war 
of  the  new  republic ;  was  in  the  battle  of  San  Jacinto, 
and  took  command  after  General  Sam.  Houston  was 
wounded,  retaining  it  until  October,  1836,  when  he 
resumed  his  duties  as  secretary  of  war;  was  chief 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Texas  1838-1842 ;  was 
a  delegate  to,  and  president  of,  the  convention  that 
confirmed  the  annexation  of  Texas  to  the  United 
States  in  1845;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Texas  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  March  26, 
1846,  to  July  29,  1856,  when  he  committed  suicide  at 
Nacogdoches,  Texas. 

Russ,  John,  was  born  at  Ipswich,  Massachusetts, 
in  17(54;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  Connecticut,  and  located  at  Hartford ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sev 
enteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6, 1819,  to 
March  3,  1823;  died  at  Hartford,  Connecticut,  June 
22,  1832. 

Russell,  David,  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in 
1800;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Salem,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1816  and  1830;  was  dis 
trict-attorney  for  the  Northern  Judicial  District  of 
New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress ;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,346 
votes  against  2,671  votes  for  John  Williams,  jun., 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


607 


3,  1841;  died  at  Salem,  New  York.  November  24, 
1861. 

Russell,  James  M.,  was  born  at  York,  Penn 
sylvania,  November  10,  1780;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Bedford,  Pennsylvania; 
Avas  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  Joseph 
Lawrence,  deceased)  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  3,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Bedford,  Penn 
sylvania,  December  20,  1870. 

T  Russell,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Saugerties, 
New  York,  in  177(i;  received  a  public-school  "educa 
tion;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Baren 
ticket  in  183o ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,376  votes  against  5,430  votes  for  Kiting, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1345;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  died  at  Saugerties,  New 
York,  iu  1867. 

Russell,  John,  was  born  in  New  York;  resided 
at  Cooperstown,  Otsego  County;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Ninth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Russell,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Providence, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1771;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1791 ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  did  not  practise, 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  minister  to 
Sweden  and  Norway  January  18,  1814-October  16, 
1818;  was  a  commissioner  to  negotiate  a  treat j  of 
peace  with  Ghent  1314 ;  on  his  return  home,  settled 
at  Mendon,  Massachusetts,  and  took  an  active  part  in 
politics;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  de 
feating  Benjamin  Adams,  Federalist,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  at  Milton, 
Massachusetts,  February  16,  1832. 

Russell,  Joseph,  was  born  in  New  York ;  re 
sided  at  Warrensburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,441  votes  against  4,759  votes 
for  Moore,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1847 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-sec 
ond  Congress,  receiving  5,506  votes  against  5,324  votes 
for  Tabor,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  185'}. 

Russell,  Samuel  S.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Bedford :  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  9,216  votes  against  8,845  votes  for  Banner, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1855. 

Russell,  "William,  was  born  in  Ireland ;  immi 
grated  to  Ohio ;  resided  at  West  Union ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twentieth  Congress 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from 
Decembei-3,  1827,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  defeated  as 
a  candidate  for  the  Twenty-third  Congress;  removed 
to  Portsmouth,  Ohio;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1343;  died  at  Portsmouth,  Ohio, 
October  2,  1845. 

Russell,  William  P.,  was  born  at  Saugerties, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Saugerties ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,878  votes 
against  5,902  votes  for  Fream,  American,  and  4,912 
votes  for  Brodhead,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Rust,  Albert,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  received  an 
academic  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  El  Dorado,  Arkansas ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  no  regular 
opposition,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 


3,  1857;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  was  again  elected  to 
j  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  16,302  votes 
against  3,104  votes  for  Jones,  Independent,  and  3,452 
votes  for  Drew,  Independent,  serving  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army  as  brigadier-general ;  died  April  3,  1870. 

^Rutherford,  John,  was  born  at  New  York  in 
1700;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
New-Jersey  College  in  1776;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Edgerston, 
New  Jersey;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1798,  1813, 
and  1821 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
New  Jersey,  serving  from  October  24, 1791,  to  Febru 
ary,  1798,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  ill  health, 
and  devoted  himself  to  the  cultivation  of  his  large 
lauded  estates ;  died  at  Edgerston,  New  Jersey,  Feb 
ruary  23,  1840. 

Rutherford,  Robert,  was  a  native  of  Virginia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Third  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Con 
gress,  defeating  General  Daniel  Morgan,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  a  candidate 
for  re-election  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  but  was  defeat 
ed  by  General  Morgan,  the  House  of  Representatives 
sustaining  a  report  from  the  Committee  on  Elections 
against  his  claim  to  the  seat  December  7,  1797. 

Rutledge,  Edward,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  November,  1749;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  went  to  London  in  1769,  where 
he  studied  law  at  the  Temple ;  returned  to  Charles 
ton,  where  he  commenced  practice  in  1773;  was  a 
delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1777;  was  appointed  a  member  of  the 
first  Board  of  War  in  June,  1776;  served  in  the  Revo 
lutionary  war  as  captain  of  a  company  of  volunteer 
artillery;  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  British  when 
they  occupied  Charleston,  and  confined  at  St.  Augus 
tine  for  a  year  before  he  was  exchanged;  resided 
near  Philadelphia  until  the  British  evacuated  Charles 
ton  in  1782,  when  he  returned  to  his  home,  and  re 
sumed  his  practice;  was  elected  governor  of  South 
Carolina  in  1798,  and  held  the  office  until  his  death, 
of  gout,  January  23,  1800. 

Rutledge,  John  (father  of  John  Rutledge,  jun. ), 
was  born  in  Ireland  in  1739;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation;  studied  law  at  the  Temple  at  London,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Charleston  in  1761;  was  a 
delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Provincial  Con 
gress  at  New  York  in  1765;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1777;  was  elected  presi 
dent  of  South  Carolina  1776-1778,  and  governor  1779- 
1782 ;  was  again  elected  a  delegate  to  Congress  1782- 
1783;  was  elected  one  of  the  State  chancellors  in  1784 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Convention  to  ratify  the 
Federal  Constitution;  received  the  electoral  vote  of 
South  Carolina  for  Vice-President  in  1789;  was  ap 
pointed  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  by 
President  Washington,  and  confirmed  by  the  Senate 
September  24,  1789,  and  resigned  in  1791 ;  was  elect 
ed  chief  justice  of  South  Carolina  in  1790,  and  re 
signed  in  1795,  having  been  appointed  by  President 
Washington  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States,  but  the  Senate  refused  to  confirm 
the  nomination  December  15,  1795 ;  while  on  his  way 
to  hold  the  Circuit  Court  of  North  Carolina,  he  was 
taken  sick  December  1,  and  lost  his  reason,  which 
had  not  been  restored  when  he  died  in  July,  1800. 

Rutledge,  John,  jun.  (son  of  John  Rutledge), 
was  born  in  South  Carolina  in  1766;  received  a  lib 
eral  education;  studied  law  with  his  father,  and 
practised  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fifth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth 
and  Seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15,  1797, 
to  March  3,  1803;  died  at  Philadelphia  September 
1,  1819. 

Ryall,  D.  B.,  was  born  at  Trenton,  New  Jer 
sey;  received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 


608 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Freehold,  New  Jersey;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat  (an  attempt  made  to  contest  his  seat  was 
unsuccessful),  serving  from  March  10,  1840,  to  March 
3,  1841. 

Ryan,  Thomas,  was  bom  at  Oxford,  New  York, 
November  25,  1837 ;  lived  in  Bradford  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  from  infancy  until  18G5,  when  he  removed 
to  Topeka,  Kansas,  where  he  afterwards  resided;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  entered  the  volunteer 
army  of  the  United  States  in  1862,  and  was  mustered 
out  'as  a  captain  in  the  fall  of  1864  on  account  of 
wounds  received  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness;  was 
admitted  to  the  practice  of  law  in  1861 ;  was  county- 
attorney  in  Kansas  for  eight  successive  years;  was 
assistant  United-States  attorney  for  Kansas  from 
1873  to  1877 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kansas  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  25,171  votes  against  11,634  votes  for  Samuel 
J.  Crawford,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15, 1877. 

Sabin,  Alvah,  was  born  at  Georgia,  Vermont, 
October  23,  1793;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  theology;  was  for  ten  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  secretary  of  state 
for  Vermont  in  1841;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,700  votes  against  3,803  votes  for  Heywood, 
Democrat,  and  294  votes  for  Kasson,  Free-Soiler; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  7,862  votes  against  3,608  votes  for  Heywood, 
Democrat,  and  33  scattering,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Sabine,  Lorenzo,  was  born  at  Lisbon,  New 
Hampshire,  February  28,  1803;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at 
Eastport,  Maine;  served  three  years  in  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  of  Maine ;  removed  to  Mas 
sachusetts;  was  a  special  agent  of  the  treasury  de 
partment  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (in  place  of 
Benjamin  Thompson,  deceased)  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  28,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853;  resided 
iu  Boston,  where  he  died  April  14,  1877.  He  pub 
lished  "Life  of  Commodore  Preble,"  "The  Ameri 
can  Loyalist,"  "Report  on  the  Fisheries,"  "Notes 
on  Duels  and  Duelling,"  and  numerous  historical 
and  other  essays  published  in  the  magazines  and 
newspapers. 

Sackett,  William  A.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Seneca  Falls;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  5,845  votes  against  5,260  votes  for 
Bascom,  Democrat,  and  1,820  for  Bigelow,  Cass  Dem 
ocrat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
§ress,  receiving  G,305  votes  against  5,814  votes  for 
mith.  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1853. 

Sage,  Ebenezer,  was  born  in  Connecticut;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1778;  removed  to  New  York,  and  settled  at 
Sag  Harbor;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  receiving  a  ma 
jority  of  3,136  votes;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  2, 
1815 ;  claimed  to  have  been  again  elected  to  the  Six 
teenth  Congress,  and  took  his  seat,  but  the  House 
gave  it  to  James  Guyon,  jun.,  so  that  he  only  served 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  January  14,  1820;  died 
at  Sag  Harbor,  New  York,  January  20,  1834. 

Sage,  Russell,  was  born  in  Oneida  County,  New 
York,  August  4,  1816;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  Troy,  New 
York;  was  an  alderman  of  that  city  1841-1848;  was 
for  some  years  treasurer  of  Rensselaer  County ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,583  votes 
against  6,185  votes  for  Seymour,  Democrat,  and  149 
votes  for  Sherman,  Free-Soiler;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  6,954  votes  against 


2,075  votes  for  Clum,  Democrat,  aud  1,971  for  Cook, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March 

3,  1857. 

Sailly,  Peter,  was  born  in  Lorraine,  France ; 
immigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1783,  and  located 
at  Plattsburg,  New  York,  where  he  engaged  in  busi 
ness  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807:  was  appointed  by 
President  Jefferson  collector  of  customs  at  Platts 
burg  in  1807,  and  held  the  office  until  he  died  there 
May  2,  1826. 

Saltonstall,  Leverett,  was  born  at  Haverhill, 
Massachusetts,  June  13,  1783;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1802; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Salem  in  1805;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  from  the  Essex  South  District  in  1820;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1831 ;  was  mayor  of 
Salem  4836-1838;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Webster  ticket  in  1837;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Stephen  C.  Phillips,  resigned)  as  a  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-sev 
enth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5,  1838,  to 
March  3,  1843;  was  an  active  member  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  Historical  Society,  the  American  Academy 
of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  other  literary  and  histori 
cal  associations ;  died  at  Salem,  Massachusetts,  May 
8,  1845.  He  published  an  "  Historical  Sketch  of  Ha 
verhill." 

Sammons,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  served  as  an  officer  in  the  Revolutionary  war ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803, 
to  March  3,  1807;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Tenth  Congress  by  Peter  Swart; 
was  again  elected  in  the  Eleventh  Congress ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  May 
22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1813;  died  at  Johnstown,  New 
York. 

Sample,  Samuel  C.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
removed  to  Indiana,  and  settled  at  South  Bend ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,093  votes 
against  5,379  votes  for  Chamberlain,  Democrat,  and 
127  for  Bigelow,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December 

4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Sampson,  Ezekiel  S.,  was  born  in  Huron 
County,  Ohio,  December  6,  1831;  received  his  early 
education  at  public  schools,  later  at  a  private  school 
at  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa,  and  at  Knox  College,  Illi 
nois;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Sigourney,  Iowa,  in  1856;  was 
prosecuting-attorney  in  1S5(>-1S5S;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  captain  in  the  Fifth  Iowa  Infantry  in  1861, 
and  was  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  same  regiment  when 
mustered  out  in  1864;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Iowa  in  1866;  was  judge  of  the  Sixth  Dis 
trict  of  Iowa  from  January,  1867,  until  January, 
1875;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,461  votes  against  9,745  votes  for  E.  N.  Gates,  anti- 
Monopolist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  18,778  votes  against  14.719  votes 
for  H.  B.  Hendershott,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875. 

Sampson,  Zabdiel,  was  born  at  Plympton, 
Massachusetts;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Brown  University  in  1803;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Plympton ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  May  15,  1820,  when  he  re 
signed,  having  been  appointed  collector  of  customs 
at  Plymouth,  Massachusetts ;  remained  in  that  office 
until  he  died  at  Plymouth  July  19,  1828. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


609 


Samuel,  Green  B.,  was  born  in  Shenandoah 
County,  Virginia,  in  1806;  received  a  thorough  clas 
sical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1827,  and  became  a  successful  practitioner;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  returned  to  his  profes 
sion;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Reform  Conven 
tion  of  1849;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court  in  1850,  and  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  in  1853; 
died  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  January  5,  1859. 

Sandford,  John,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Amsterdam;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,341  votes  against  4,732  votes 
for  Marcellus  Western,  Whig,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1851 ;  died  at  Amsterdam,  New  York,  Oc 
tober  7,  1857. 

Sandford,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Virginia,  in  1762;  received  a  thorough  Eng 
lish  education;  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1792,  and 
located  at  Covington;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1799 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Eighth  Con 
gress  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving 
from  October  17, 1803,  to  March  3, 1807 ;  was  drowned 
in  the  Ohio  River  December  10, 1808. 

Sandidge,  John  M.,  was  born  in  Franklin 
County,  Georgia,  January  7,  1817;  was  reared  on 
a  plantation;  removed  to  Louisiana,  and  devoted 
himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1846-1855,  serving 
the  last  two  years  as  speaker;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1852 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,942  votes  against 
6,461  votes  for  Lewis,  American;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,063  votes 
against  5,205  votes  for  Sparks,  American,  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Sands,  Joshua,  was  born  in  Queen's  County, 
New  York,  in  1758;  resided  at  Brooklyn;  took  an 
active  part  in  the  pre-Revolutionary  struggle,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Brooklyn  Home  Guards  in 
1775;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1792-1799; 
was  appointed  by  President  John  Adams  collector  of 
customs  at  New  York  in  1797 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as 
a  Federalist,  serving  from  October  17, 1803,  to  March 
3,  1805;  was  again  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1827;  died  in  Queen's  County,  New  York,  September 
13,  1835. 

Sanford,  James  T.,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Tennessee,  and  located  at  Columbia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  receiving  9,316  votes  against  1,184 
votes  for  O.  C.  Merrill,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3, 1825;  he  liberally  endowed  Jackson 
College. 

Sanford,  Jonah,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Oswego;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1827  and  1830;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  (in  the  place  of  Silas  Wright,  juu..  who  had 
declined  to  take  his  seat)  as  a  Jackson  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  1,  1830,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Sanford,  Nathan,  was  born  at  Bridgehamp- 
ton,  Long  Island,  November  5,  1779;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1799,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
York;  was  United-States  commissioner  in  bank 
ruptcy  in  1802;  was  United-States  attorney  for  the 
district  of  New  York  1803-1816;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1815,  and 
chosen  speaker;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1812-1815 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
New  York  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4, 


1815,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1821 ;  was  chancellor  of 
the  State  of  New  York  from  August  1,  1823,  until  he 
resigned  in  January,  1826;  was  again  elected  a  sena 
tor,  serving  from  January  31,  1826,  to  March  3,  1831 ; 
died  at  Bridgehampton,  New  York,  October  7,  1838. 
Sanford,  Stephen,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  New  York,  May  26,  1826;  was  educated  at 
Amsterdam  Academy,  Georgetown  College,  and 
Poughkeepsie  Collegiate  Institute;  was  extensively 
engaged  in  the  business  of  carpet-manufacturing; 
never  held  political  office  before  his  election  as  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,611  votes  against 
14,508  votes  for  White,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Sapp,  William  Fletcher,  was  born  at  Dan 
ville,  Ohio,  November  23,  1824;  received  an  academi 
cal  education ;  studied  law  at  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio, 
with  Columbus  Delano  and  W.  R.  Sapp ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  June,  1850,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Mount  Vernon ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  of 
Knox  County  in  1854,  and  re-elected  in  1856 ;  removed 
in  1860  to  Omaha,  Nebraska;  was  appointed  in  1861 
adjutant-general  of  Nebraska  Territory,  and  was  sub 
sequently  elected  a  member  of  the  Territorial  Legis 
lative  Council ;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1862  as 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Second  Nebraska  Cavalry, 
and  served  until  it  was  mustered  out;  removed  to 
Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  where  he  has  since  practised 
law ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1865;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant 
United-States  district-attorney  for  the  district  of 
Iowa  in  1869,  serving  until  1873;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  19,358  votes  against  15,236 
votes  for  Lemuel  R.  Bolter,  Democratic  and  Green 
back  candidate,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Sapp,  William  R.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received 
a  public-school  education ;  resided  at  Mount  Vernon ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,140  votes  against 
6,109  votes  for  William  Winnell,  Democrat,  and  2,650 
votes  for  Richards,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-Fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,371  votes  against 
6,516  votes  for  Dunbar,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Sargent,  Aaron  A.,  was  born  at  Newburyport, 
Massachusetts,  September  28,  1827;  was  a  printer 
and  editor  in  early  life;  removed  to  California  in 
1849;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1854;  was 
district-attorney  of  Nevada  County,  California,  in 
1855  and  1856;  received  the  degree  of  M.A.  from  the 
College  of  California  in  1865;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  California  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1863 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  18,065  votes  against  15,378  votes  for 
J.  W.  Coffroth,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 
1869,  to  March  3, 1873 ;  and  was  subsequently  elected 
United-States  senator  from  California  as  a  Repub 
lican  (to  succeed  C.  Cole,  Republican),  serving  from 
March  4,  1873.  His  term  of  office  will  expire  March 
3,  1879. 

Saulsbury,  Eli  (brother  of  Willard  Saulsbury), 
was  born  in  Kent  County,  Delaware,  December  29, 
1817;  attended  common  and  select  schools,  and  an 
irregular  course  at  Dickinson  College ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Dover; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Delaware 
in  1853  and  1854;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Delaware  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed  Willard 
Saulsbury,  Democrat),  and  was  re-elected,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3,  1883. 

Saulsbury,  Willard  (brother  of  Eli  Saulsbury), 
was  born  in  Kent  County,  Delaware,  June  2,  1820; 
was  educated  at  Delaware  College,  Delaware,  and  at 
Dickinson  College,  Pennsylvania;  studied  and  prac- 


610 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tised  law;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from 
Delaware  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed  Martin  W. 
Bates);  and  was  re-elected  in  1865,  serving  from 
March  4,  1859,  to  March  3,  187.1. 

Saunders,  Alvin,  was  born  in  Fleming  County, 
Kentucky,  July  12,  1817;  received  a  common-school 
and  academic  education;  removed  to  Mount  Pleas 
ant,  Iowa  (then  a  part  of  Wisconsin  Territory),  in 
183(5 ;  was  postmaster  at  that  place  for  seven  years, 
during  which  time  he  studied  law  with  Isaac  Van 
Allen  (then  United-States  district-attorney  for  Iowa), 
but  never  entered  upon  its  practice,  preferring  to 
engage  in  mercantile  and  banking  pursuits ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  under 
which  Iowa  was  admitted  into  the  Union  as  a  State; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  eight  years; 
was  a  member  of  the  first  Republican  Convention 
ever  held  in  Iowa;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Republican 
National  Convention  at  Chicago  which  nominated 
Lincoln  and  Ilamlin  in  1860;  was  one  of  the  commis 
sioners  appointed  by  Congress  to  organize  the  Pacific 
Railroad  Company;  was  appointed  governor  of  the 
Territory  of  Nebraska  by  President  Lincoln  in  1804, 
and  held  the  office  until  the  State  was  admitted  into 
the  Union  in  1867;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Republican 
National  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1868  which  nomi 
nated  Grant  and  Colfax;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Nebraska  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed 
Phineas  W.  Hitchcock,  Republican),  and  took  his 
seat  March  5,  1877.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3,  1883. 

Saunders,  Romulus  Mitchell,  was  born  in 
Caswell  County,  North  Carolina,  March,  1791;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  and  was  two  years  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina;  went  to  Tennessee; 
studied  law  under  Hugh  Lawton  White,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812;  returned  to  North  Caro 
lina;  commenced  practice,  and  was  elected  to  the 
House  of  Commons  of  that  State  in  1815,  1817,  and 
1819,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  elected  a 
representative  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  with5ut  opposition,'  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  until  March  3,  1827,  when  he 
declined  a  re-election;  was  appointed  attorney-gen 
eral  of  North  Carolina  in  1828;  was  appointed  by 
President  Jackson  on  a  commission  for  the  dis 
tribution  of  the  claims  paid  by  France  in  1833;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Superior  Courts  of  North  Caro 
lina  in  1835,  and  resigned  in  1840  on  accepting  the 
Democratic  nomination  for  governor,  but  was  defeat 
ed,  receiving  35,883  votes  against  44,179  votes  for  John 
M.  Morehead,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  appointed  by  President 
Polk  minister  to  Spain,  and  served  from  February 
25,  1846,  until  September  24, 1849;  was  again  elected, 
on  his  return,  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives;  died  at  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  April 
21,  1807. 

Savage,  John,  was  born  in  New  York  in  1780; 
resided  at  Salem;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1814;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819; 
was  United-States  district-attorney;  was  State  comp 
troller  February  12,  1821-February  13, 1823;  was  chief 
justice  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  January  29, 1823- 
August,  1837;  was  United-States  assistant  treasurer 
at  New  York;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk 
and  Dallas  ticket  in  1845;  died  at  Utica,  New  York, 
October  19,  1863. 

Savage,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Warren  Coun 
ty,  Tennessee;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  as  a  private  in  the  Tennessee  volunteers  on 
the  Texas  f rontrier  before  he  was  of  age,  and  also  saw 
three  months'  service  in  Florida  against  the  Seminoles ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 


practice  at  Smithville,  Tennessee ;  was  appointed  by 
President  Polk  major  of  the  Fourteenth  United- 
States  Infantry,  and  served  through  the  Mexican 
war,  receiving  promotion  as  lieutenant-colonel,  and 
commanding  the  regiment  after  the  death  of  Colonel 
Graham  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,713  votes  against 
3,777  votes  for  Turney,  Democrat,  and  1,239  votes 
for  Rogers,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  5,816  votes  against  4,352 
votes  for  Goodpasture,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  declined  being  a  candidate 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  6,016  votes 
against  5,563  votes  for  Cullom,  American;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  6,435 
votes  against  5,232  votes  for  Pickett,  American,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Savage,  John  Simpson,  was  born  in  Cler- 
mont  County,  Ohio,  October  30,  1841 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1865,  and  practised  at 
Wilmington ;  never  held  any  public  office ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,972 
votes  against  11,810  votes  for  John  Q.  Smith,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March 
3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate 
for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  16,098  votes 
against  16,549  votes  for  Miles  Gardner,  Republican. 

Sawtelle,  Cullen,  was  born  at  Norridgewock, 
Maine;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Bowdoin  College  in  1825;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Norridgewock;  was  register  of  probate  1830-1838; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1843,  1844;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,875  votes  against 
3,589  votes  for  Coburn,  Whig,  2,063  votes  for 
Fletcher,  Democrat,  and  849  for  Veazie,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
removed  to  New-York  City. 

Sawyer,  Frederick  A.,  was  born  in  Bolton, 
Massachusetts,  December  12,  1822;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1844 ; 
was  successively  employed  as  a  teacher  in  Gardiner, 
Wiscasset,  Lowell,  Nashua,  South  Reading,  and 
Boston,  leaving  the  Brimmer  School  in  the  last- 
named  city  in  April,  1859,  to  accept  an  invitation  to 
become  principal  of  the  State  Normal  School  for  girls 
in  Charleston,  South  Carolina;  this  position  he  hekl 
until  September,  1864,  when  his  persistent  loyalty 
rendered  him  so  obnoxious  to  the  rebels  that  they 
give  him  a  passport  for  himself  and  his  family 
through  the  lines  to  the  post  of  Port  Royal,  then  in 
the  possession  of  the  Federal  forces;  in  May,  1865, 
he  was  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  for 
the  Second  District  of  South  Carolina,  the  first  civil 
appointment  made  in  the  State  after  the  Rebellion ; 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention,  but  was  not  able  to  participate  in  the 
proceedings  of  that  body ;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  South  Carolina  July  16,  1868;  took  his 
seat  July  22,  1868,  and  served  until  March  3,  1873; 
was  appointed  assistant  secretary  of  the  treasury, 
serving  from  March  8,  1873,  to  August  1,  1876. 

Sawyer,  Lemuel  (uncle  of  Samuel  T.  Sawyer), 
was  born  in  Camden  County,  North  Carolina,  in 
1777;  was  educated  at  Flatbush,  New  York;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Elizabeth,  North  Carolina ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1800,  1801 ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson  ticket  in  1804; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving 
from  October  26,  1807,  until  March  3,  1813;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress;  was  re- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


611 


elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  until  March  3,  1823; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress,  receiving  2,139  votes  against  2,407  votes  for 
Alfred  M.  Gatlin;  was  again  elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 1825,  until  March 
3,  1829;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  by  William  B.  Shepard,  who  received 
377  majority;  removed  to  Washington,  District  of 
Columbia,  in  1850,  and  became  a  department-clerk; 
died  at  Washington  of  heart-disease  January  9,  1852. 

Sawyer,  Philetus,  was  born  in  Whiting,  Ver 
mont,  September  22,  1816;  received  a  public-school 
and  business  education ;  went  to  Wisconsin  in  1847, 
and  engaged  in  the  lumber  business ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  legislature  of  Wisconsin  in  1857  and 
1861;  was  mayor  of  Oshkosh  in  1863  and  1864;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,218 
votes  against  10,274  votes  for  Bouck,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  14,341 
votes  against  9,347  votes  for  Morgan  L.  Martin, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  19,422  votes  against  15,234  votes  for  Vilas, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,258  votes  against 
11,822  votes  for  J.  Stringham,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Sawyer,  Samuel  T.  (a  nephew  of  Lemuel  Saw 
yer),  was  born  in  Chowan  County,  North  Carolina, 
in  1800;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Edenton;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1829-1832;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  211  votes 
against  1,706  votes  for  G.  C.  Moore,  Whig,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  by  Kenneth  Raynor,  Whig,  who  re 
ceived  661  majority;  removed  to  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
where  he  edited  "The  Norfolk  Argus;"  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Pierce  collector  of  customs  at 
Norfolk ;  died  at  New  Jersey  November  29,  1865. 

Sawyer,  William,  was  born  in  Ohio;  resided 
at  St.  Mary's;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Say,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Tenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Joseph  Clay,  resigned); 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from 
November  16,  1808,  to  1809,  when  he  resigned. 

Sayler,  Henry  B.,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Ohio,  March  31,  1836;  his  father  removed 
^to  Clinton  County,  Indiana,  in  August,  1836;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education;  studied  law  in 
Preble  County,  Ohio;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1859;  enlisted  in  the  army,  and  was  mustered  as  lieu 
tenant;  was. promoted  as  captain  and  major  of  the 
One  Hundred  and  Eighteenth  Regiment  Indiana 
Volunteer  Infantry;  held  no  other  public  office  until 
he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,334  votes  against  15,149  votes  for  E.  Van  Long, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March 
3,  1875. 

Sayler,  Milton,  was  born  at  Lewisburg,  Preble 
County,  Ohio,  November  4,  1831;  graduated  at 
Miami"  University  in  1852,  and  afterward  at  the  Cin 
cinnati  Law  School;  practised  law  at  Cincinnati; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Ohio  in 
1862  and  1863,  and  of  the  city  council  of  Cincinnati 
in  1864  and  1865 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  12,474  votes  against  8,905  votes  for  B. 
Eggleston,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  11,566  votes  against  7,252 


votes  for  Green,  Republican;  was  elected  speaker 
pro  tempore  of  the  House  June  24,  1876;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,144 
votes  against  13,474  votes  for  Force,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Scales,  Alfred  Moore,  was  born  in  Rocking- 
ham  County,  North  Carolina,  November  26,  1827 ;  is 
not  a  graduate,  but  received  a  classical  education  at 
the  Caldwell  Institute  in  Greensborough,  and  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  practised  at  Greens- 
borough;  was  elected  county-attorney  of  Rocking- 
ham  County;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
North  Carolina  in  1852,  1853,  and  in  1856,  1857;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,679 
votes  against  6,950  votes  for  Puryear,  American, 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  vol 
unteered  at  the  beginning  of  the  late  civil  war  as  a 
private  in  the  Confederate  army;  was  afterward  pro 
moted,  and  served  as  captain,  colonel,  and  brigadier- 
general  during  the  war;  was  again  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  10,529  votes  against  8,909  votes 
for  W.  F.  Henderson,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  13,246  votes 
against  11,001  votes  for  James  E.  Boyd,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Scammon,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Saco,  Massa 
chusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  October  24,  1786;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1817,  1820,  and  1821 ;  was  col 
lector  of  customs  at  Saco  1829-1841;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845, 
to  March  3,  1847 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1855 ;  died  at  Saco,  Maine,  May  23,  1858. 

Schell,  Richard,  was  born  at  Rhinebeck,  New 
York,  in  May,  1810;  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  there;  removed  to  New  York  in  1834,  and 
entered  into  the  wholesale  dry-goods  business;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  of  New  York  in  1857; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  David  B.  Mellish, 
deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,562  votes 
against  5,947  votes  for  John  Hardy,  Independent 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1874,  to  March 
3,  1875. 

Schenck,  Abraham  H.,  was  born  in  Dutchess 
County,  New  York,  in  1777 ;  received  a  thorough  Eng 
lish  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1804-1806 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1817;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  cotton-goods 
after  the  passage  of  the  non-intercourse  acts;  died 
at  Fishkill,  New  York,  February  20,  ^831. 

Schenck,  Ferdinand  S.,  was  born  in  Middlesex 
County,  New  Jersey,  February  11,  1790;  received  a 
public-school  education;  studied  medicine;  was  li 
censed,  and  practised  at  Six-mile  Run ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1829-1831 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  on  a 
general  ticket,  receiving  24,278  votes  against  23,780 
votes  for  Condict,  Clay  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  3,965  votes 
against  2,224  votes  for  his  opponent,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1844;  was 
for  eight  years  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals ;  died 
at  Camden,  New  Jersey,  May  17,  1860. 

Schenck,  Robert  C.,  was  born  at  Franklin, 
Ohio,  October  4,  1809;  graduated  at  Miami  Univer 
sity;  studied  law  with  the  Hon.  Thomas  Corwin  at 
Lebanon,  and  practised  many  years  at  Dayton;  was 
a  member  of  the  Ohio  legislature  in  1841  and  1842 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twen 
ty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,870  votes 


612 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


against  5.571  votes  for  Lowe,  Democrat,  and  403 
votes  for  Hibbin,  Abolitionist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1851 ;  was  appointed  in  1851  envoy  extraordinary  and 
minister  plenipotentiary  to  Brazil,  and  was  also  ac 
credited  in  18(32  envoy  extraordinary  to  Uruguay, 
the  Argentine  Confederation,  and  Paraguay,  nego 
tiating  "important  treaties  with  those  nations;  en 
tered  the  Union  army  in  1861  under  an  appoint 
ment  by  President  Lincoln  as  brigadier-general ;  was 
promoted  to  be  major-general,  to  take  rank  from 
August  30,  1862  (the  date  of  the  battle  of  Groveton, 
or  second  Bull  Run),  for  his  conduct  in  that  action, 
in  which  he  was  severely  wounded,  and  continued  in 
military  service  until  he  took  his  seat  in  Congress 
in  December,  1863 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  13,027  votes  against  11,770  votes  for  Vallan- 
digham.rJemocrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  14,371  votes  against  11,605  votes 
for  Houk,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  15,027  votes  against  13,960  votes 
for  Ward,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  16,293  votes  against  15,818 
votes  for  Vallandigham,  serving  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  minister  to  Great  Britain,  serving  1870-1876. 

Schermerhorn,  Abraham  M.,  was  born  in 
New  York;  resided  at  Rochester;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1848;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,611  votes  against 
4,746  votes  for  Selden,  Democrat,  and  1,367  votes  for 
Smith,  Cass  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  6,036  votes  against  5,623 
votes  for  Buchanan,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 1853 ;  died  at  Rochester,  New 
York,  August  22,  1855. 

Schleicher,  Gustave,  was  born  at  Darmstadt, 
Germany,  November  19,  1823;  was  educated  at  the 
University  of  Giessen,  in  the  Grand  Duchy  of  Hesse- 
Darmstadt;  was  engaged  as  a  civil  engineer  in  the 
construction  of  several  European  railroads;  immi 
grated  to  Texas  in  1847,  and,  after  passing  some  time 
on  the  frontiers,  located  at  San  Antonio  in  1850 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1853  and  1854,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1859-1861; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Jere 
miah  Galvan,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  11,951  votes  against 
2,711  votes  for  J.  P.  Newcomb,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875. 

Schley,  William,  was  born  at  Frederick  City, 
Maryland,  December  15,  1786;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1812,  and  commenced  practice  at  Augusta,  Georgia ; 
was  elected  a  judge  of  the  Superior  "Court  in  1825 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1830;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat  on  general 
ticket,  receiving  21,551  votes  against  15,441  votes  for 
Newnan,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1835;  was  governor  of  Georgia  1835-1837;  was  presi 
dent  of  the  Medical  College  of  Georgia;  died  at  Au 
gusta,  Georgia,  November  20,  1858.  He  published  a 
"Digest  of  the  English  Statutes." 
T  Schoolcraft,  John  L.,  was  born  at  Albany, 
New  York;  received  a  public-school  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  travelled  in  Europe 
with  Thurlow  Weed;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  7,227  votes  against  3,876  votes  for  Bouton, 
Democrat,  and  2,315  votes  for  Wood,  Van  Buren 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  7,032  votes  against  6,746  votes  for 
Coming,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1853;  died,  at  St.  Catherine's,  Canada 
West,  May  11,  I860. 


Schoonmaker,    Cornelius  C.,  was  born  in 

Ulster  County,  New  York;  resided  at  Shawangunk; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1777-1790;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Second  Congress,  serving  from  October 
24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1793;  was  again  a  member  of 
the  St^te  House  of  Representatives  in  1795. 

Schoonmaker,  Marius,  was  born  at  Kingston, 
New  York,  and  resided  there;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,851  votes  against  7,135  votes 
for  Allaben,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Schumaker,  John  G.,  was  born  at  Claverack, 
Columbia  County,  New  York,  June  27,  1826,  of  Ger 
man  parentage ;  received  an  academical  education  at 
home,  and  in  Lenox,  Massachusetts ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847;  in  1853  he  settled  in 
Brooklyn,  where  he  practised ;  in  1856  he  was  elected 
district-attorney  for  King's  County;  in  1862  and  1804 
he  was  elected  corporation  counsel  for  the  city  of 
Brooklyn ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  Convention 
of  1864;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Conventions  of  1862  and  1807 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  24,418  votes  against  12,492 
votes  for  Bellows,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1869,  to  March  3,  1871;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat  and  Liberal,  re 
ceiving  13,355  votes  against  8,378  votes  for  A.  J. 
Perry,  Republican,  and"  1,031  votes  for  W.  S.  Robin 
son,  Independent  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  15,123  votes  against 
6,652  votes  for  Wood,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Schuneman,  Martin  G.,  was  born  in  Ulster 
County,  New  York,  and  resided  there ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Schureman,  James,  was  born  in  New  Jersey 
in  1757;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Rutgers  College  in  1775 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  captain  of  volunteers;  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1786-1787 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
First  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3, 1791 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3, 
1799;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New 
Jersey  (in  place  of  John  Rutherford,  resigned),  serv 
ing  from  December  3, 1799,  to  February  6, 1801,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  Bruns 
wick;  was  again  elected  a  representative  to  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March 
2,  1815 ;  died  at  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey,  Janu 
ary  23,  1824. 

Schurz,  Carl,  was  born  at  Liblar,  near  Cologne, 
Germany,  March  2,  1829;  was  educated  at  the  colle 
giate  institution  at  Cologne,  and  afterwards  at  the 
University  of  Bonn ;  was  editor  of  a  paper  identified 
with  the  Revolution  of  1848;  took  part  in  the  defence 
of  Rastadt,  after  which  he  fled  to  Switzerland ;  sub 
sequently  resided  in  Paris  and  London,  where  he  was 
a  teacher  and  correspondent  for  three  years ;  immi 
grated  to  this  country  in  1852;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Chicago  Convention  of  1860,  taking  a  leading  part  in 
its  proceedings;  was  selected  by  President  Lincoln 
in  1861  as  minister  to  Spain,  which  position  he  soon 
resigned ;  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  of  vol 
unteers,  and  was  present  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  at  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg, 
and  Chattanooga ;  after  the  war  he  \vas  appointed  a 
commissioner  to  visit  the  Southern  States,  and  report 
upon  the  affairs  of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau;  in  1865 
and  18G6  he  was  a  Washington  correspondent  for 
"The  New-York  Tribune;"  was  subsequently  con 
nected  with  the  press  of  Detroit  and  St.  Louis;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Chicago  Convention  of  1868 ;  and  was 
elected  United-States  senator  from  Missouri  as  a  Re 
publican  (to  succeed  John  B.  Henderson),  serving 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


613 


from  March  4, 1869,  to  March  3, 1875 ;  visited  Europe, 
and,  on  his  return  in  187(3,  took  an  active  part  in  sup 
port  of  the  Republican  ticket;  was  appointed  by 
President  Hayes  secretary  of  the  interior,  serving 
from  March  12,  1877. 

Schuyler,  Philip,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York,  November  22,  1733;  received  a  good  English 
education ;  served  as  captain  and  commissary  in  the 
royal  colonial  troops  in  1755-1763;  was  a  delegate 
from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Congress  1775- 
1777;  was  appointed  major-general,  and  placed  in 
command  of  the  Northern  Revolutionary  army  in 
1775,  but  became  involved  in  military  disputes,  and 
resigned  in  1779 ;  was  again  a  delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  1778-1781 ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  York  as  a  Federalist,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  was  again 
elected  a  senator,  serving  from  May  15, 1797,  to  Janu 
ary  3,  1798,  when  he  resigned;  died  at  Albany,  New 
York,  November  18,  1804.  His  "Life  and  Times" 
was  published  by  Benson  J.  Lossing. 

Schuyler,  Philip  J.,  was  born  in  Dutchess 
County,  New  York,  in  1768;  resided  at  Rhinebeck; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817, 
to  March  3,  1819;  died  at  New  York  February  21, 
1835. 

Schwartz,  John,  was  born  in  Berks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  October  27,  1793;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ;  served  in 
the  war  of  1812  as  a  lieutenant  of  volunteers ;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  1806-1829,  after  which 
he  gave  his  whole  attention  to  agriculture;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  an  anti-Lecompton  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,321  votes  against  7,302  votes  for 
Jones,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
June  20,  1860,  when  he  died  at  Reading,  Pennsyl 
vania. 

Scofield,  Glenni  W.,  was  born  in  Chautauqua 
County,  New  York,  March  11,  1817;  graduated  at 
Hamilton  College,  New  York,  in  1840;  studied  law, 
and  has  since  practised  that  profession,  except  when 
interrupted  by  official  duties;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly  of  Pennsylvania  in  1850  and  1851 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1857,  1858,  and 
1859;  was  temporarily  appointed  president-judge  of 
the  Eighteenth  Judicial  District  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1861;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,954  votes  against  9,462  votes  for  Court- 
hpught,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,631  votes  against  9,914 
votes  for  Bigler,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  15,107  votes  against 
12,481  votes  for  Scott,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  16,903  votes 
against  14,355  votes  for  Brown,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
13,055  votes  against  12,451  votes  for  S.  Marvin, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  one  of  the  three  congressmen  at  large 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  358,013  votes  against 
314,014  votes  for  H.  B.  Wright,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Grant  register  of  the  treasury 
in  1877. 

Scott,  Charles  L.,  was  born  at  Richmond,  Vir 
ginia,  January  23,  1827:  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College; 
studied  law  with  his  father;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Richmond ;  went  to 
California  in  1849,  and  worked  in  the  mines  until 
1851,  when  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Sonora; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  California  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Scott,  Gustavus,  was  born  in  Maryland;  was 
largely  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  a  dele 


gate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental    Congress 
1784-1785. 

Scott,  Harvey  D.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received 
a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Indiana,  and 
settled  at  Terre  Haute ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  9,515  votes  against  8,580  votes 
for  Davis,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1857. 

Scott,  John,  was  bom  in  Hanover  County,  Vir 
ginia,  in  1782;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Princeton  College  in  1805 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  St. 
Genevieve,  Missouri,  in  1806;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Missouri  Territory  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1816,  to  January  13."l817, 
when  his  seat  was  declared  vacant ;  was  again  elected 
a  delegate  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821; 
Missouri  having  been  admitted  as  a  State,  he  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
receiving  400  majority  over  Strofher;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1827;  died  at  St.  Geuevieve, 
Missouri,  October  1,  1861. 

Scott,  John  (father  of  John  Scott),  was  born 
in  Huntingdon  County,  Pennsylvania;  was  a  large 
landholder;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Scott,  John  (son  of  John  Scott),  was  born  at 
Alexandria,  Pennsylvania,  July  14,  1824;  received  a 
common-school  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and  has  practised  at  Hun 
tingdon,  Pennsylvania  ;  was  prosecuting-attorney 
from  1846  to  1849;  was  a  member  of  the  board  of 
revenue  commissioners  in  1851;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  1862;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Republican 
(to  succeed  Charles  R.  Buckalew,  Democrat),  serving 
from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  4,  1875 ;  removed  to 
Pittsburg;  was  chosen,  December  30,  1877,  general 
solicitor  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company. 

Scott,  John  G.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  December  26,  1819;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  went  West  when  seventeen  years 
of  age,  and  became  interested  in  the  development 
of  Iron  Mountain,  Missouri;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  2,758  votes  against  2,765  votes  for  John  W. 
Noell,  Emancipationist,  and  191  votes  for  Lawson, 
Independent;  Mr.  Noell  dying,  Mr.  Scott  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,559  votes  against 
3,070  votes  for  Lindsay,  Union  candidate,  and  444 
votes  for  Bogy,  Independent  Democrat. 

Scott,  John  Morin,  was  born  in  the  city  of 
New  York ;  was  State  secretary  of  state  March  13, 
1778-October  23,  1789;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
York  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1783. 

Scott,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  First  Congress,  serving 
from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795. 

Scranton,  George  W.,  was  born  at  Madison, 
Connecticut,  May  11,  1811;  received  an  academic 
education ;  removed  in  1828  to  Belvidere,  New  Jer 
sey,  where  he  was  a  teamster,  and  afterwards  a  clerk; 
in  1839  he  became  a  manufacturer  of  iron,  and  in 
1840  he  commenced  smelting  ore  with  anthracite  coal 
at  Slocum,  Pennsylvania,  which  soon  became  the 
city  of  Scranton ;  he  was  president  of  the  Lackawanna 
and  Western  and  of  the  Cayuga  and  Snsquehanna 
Railroad  Companies;  was  a  Whig;  was  elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Protective  Republican, 
receiving  10,029  votes  against  6,186  votes  for  McRey- 
nolds,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sev- 


614 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


enth  Congress,  receiving  11,719  votes  against  11,024 
votes  for  Randall,  Democrat;  and  died  at  Scranton 
March  24,  18(51. 

Scudder,  Henry  J.,  was  born  at  Northport, 
New  York,  in  1825;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Trinity  College,  Hartford,  Connecti 
cut,  in  1&40;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1848,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mew  York;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,877  votes 
against  11,797  votes  for  J.  W.  Covert,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Scudder,  Isaac  W.,  was  born  at  Elizabeth  in 
1818;  studied  law  in  the  office  of  his  father;  removed 
to  Jersey  City,  and  commenced  practice  there ;  has 
twice  been  prosecutor  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
for  Hudson  County;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  13,377  votes  against  9,108  votes 
for  N.  D.  Taylor,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Scudder,  John  A.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1707;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  medi 
cine,  and  practised ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  (in  place  of 
James  Cox,  deceased),  serving  from  December  3, 
1810,  to  March  3,  1811;  removed  to  Kentucky,  and 
subsequently  to  Indiana,  where  he  died  November  0, 
183(5. 

Scudder,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1751 ;  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1777-1779;  was  killed  in  a  skirmish  with  an  invading 
party  of  the  British  at  Shrewsbury,  New  Jersey,  Oc 
tober  15,  1781. 

Scudder,  Treadwell,  was  born  at  Islip,  New 
York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1828. 

Scudder,  Zeno,  was  born  at  Barnstable,  Mas 
sachusetts,  August  18,  1807 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Barnstable ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  and  of  the 
State  Senate ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mas 
sachusetts  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig 
on  the  second  ballot,  receiving  2,800  votes  against 
1,324  votes  for  Fessenden,  Democrat,  and  954  votes 
for  Hart,  Free-Soiler;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  on  the  second  ballot,  receiving  5,095 
votes  against  1,801  votes  for  Rodney  French,  Demo 
crat,  and  1,905  votes  for  John  Peirce,  Free-Soiler, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  1,  1854, 
when  he  resigned  on  account  of  ill  health;  held  sev 
eral  local  offices;  died  at  Barnstable.  Massachusetts, 
June  26,  1857. 

Scurry,  Richardson,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
removed  to  Texas,  and  located  at  Charlesville ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1853. 

Seaman,  Henry  J.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Richmond,  Staten  Island;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  6,164  votes 
against  5,636  votes  for  Murphy,  Democrat,  and  62 
for  Whiting,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  1, 
184.1,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Searing,  John  A.,  was  born  at  North  Hemp- 
stead.  New  York,  May  14,  1805;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  reared  as  a  farmer;  was  elected 
sheriff  of  Queen's  County  in  1848;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1853,  but  was 
defeated  for  re-election  by  S.  N.  Snedeker,  Native 
American;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  8,900  votes  against  5,892  votes  for  Jennings, 


American,  and  5,449  votes  for  Lord,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859; 
kept  a  hotel  at  Minneola,  Avhich  he  superintended  in 
connection  with  his  large  farm;  died  at  Minneola, 
after  a  lingering  illness  caused  by  cancer  in  the 
stomach,  May  6,  1870. 

Searle,  James,  was  born  at  New  York  1730;  re 
ceived  an  English  education,  and  went  to  Madeira, 
where  he  entered  the  counting-room  of  his  brother 
as  a  clerk;  returned  home  in  1763,  and  settled  at 
Philadelphia;  was  one  of  the  managers  of  the  United- 
States  lottery  1776-1778;  was  for  a  short  time  a 
member  of  the  Navy  Board ;  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1780; 
was  sent  to  Europe  to  negotiate  a  loan  for  the  State 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1780,  but  was  unsuccessful,  and  re 
turned  in  1782;  died  at  Philadelphia  August  7,  1797. 

Seaver,  Bbenezer,  was  born  at  Eoxbury,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  8,  1763 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1784;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1794- 
1802;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  and  was 
successively  re-elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh, 
and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  October  17, 
1803,  until  March  3,  1813;  was  defeated  as  a  candir 
date  for  re-election  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
AVar  Democrat,  receiving  2,062  votes  against  2,530 
votes  for  N.  Ruggles,  Peace  Federalist ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Massachusetts  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1820;  and  died  at  Roxbury,  Massachusetts,  March 
1,  1844. 

Sebastian,  William  K.,  was  born  at  Vernon, 
Tennessee;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Columbia  College,  Tennessee;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Helena,  Arkansas;  was  prosecuting-attorney  1835- 
1837 ;  was  circuit-judge  1840-1842,  and  was  appointed 
chief  judge  in  1846;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Arkansas  (in  place  of  Chester  Ashley, 
deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1848, 
to  March  3,  1861 ;  his  term  would  not  have  expired 
until  March  3,  1865,  but,  as  he  did  not  appear  in  the 
Senate,  he  was  expelled,  with  the  other  Southern 
senators,  July  11,  1861 ;  it  was  subsequently  claimed 
that  he  was  a  loyal  Union  man,  opposed  to  secession ; 
he  remained  quietly  at  Helena  until  the  Federal 
troops  occupied  that  place,  and  in  1864  removed  to 
Memphis,  Tennessee,  where  he  died  May  20,  1865. 
The  Senate  subsequently  revoked  the  resolution  of 
expulsion,  and  paid  his  full  salary  to  his  children. 

Seddon,  James  Alexander,  was  born  at 
Fredericksburg,  Virginia;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1835 ;  was  a  merchant,  and  interested  in  agriculture ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congres's  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  2,844  votes  against  2,458  votes  for  John  M.  Bolts, 
Whig,  and  317  votes  for  C.  C.  Lee,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  declined 
being  a  candidate  for  re-election ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Peace  Commission  of  1861 ;  was  a  delegate  from 
Virginia  to  the  Provisional  Confederate  Congress 
which  assembled  at  Richmond  in  July,  1861;  was 
the  fourth  Confederate  secretary  of  war;  died  in 
Goochland  County,  Virginia. 

Sedgwick,  Charles  B.,  was  born  at  Pompey, 
New  York,  March,  1815;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Syracuse,  New  York; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,478 
votes  against  6,267  votes  for  Taylor,  Democrat,  and 
648  for  Noxon,  Independent  Democrat ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
11,175  votes  against  6,088  votes  for  Taft,  Democrat, 
and  1,233  votes  for  Hay,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 1863. 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


615 


Sedgwick,  Theodore,  was  born  at  West  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut,  May  9,  1746;  received  a  classical 
education  (but  without  graduating)  at  Yale  College; 
commenced  the  study  of  divinity,  but  abandoned  it 
for  the  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1776,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Great  Barrington,  removing  to 
Sheffield;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  expedition  to 
Canada  in  1776  as  aide-de-camp  to  General  Thomas; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  Colonial  and 
subsequently  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1785-1786 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  First  Congress  as  a  Federalist ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth 
Congresses,  serving  from  June  15,  1789,  to  December 
6,  1796,  when  he  took  his  seat  as  a  United-States 
senator  (in  place  of  George  Cabot,  resigned),  serving 
until  March  3,  1799;  was  president  pro  tempore  of 
the  Senate;  w.as a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention 
that  adopted  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1788 ;  was 
again  elected  a  representative  to  the  Sixth  Congress, 
and  was  elected  speaker  of  the  House,  serving  from 
December  2,  1899,  to  March  3,  1801;  was  a  judge  of 
the  Superior  Court  of  Massachusetts  until  his  death 
at  Boston  January  24,  1813. 

Seeley,  John  E.,  was  born  at  Ovid,  New  York, 
August  1, 1810 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College,  Connecti 
cut,  in  1835;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1840 ;  was  elected  county-judge  and  surrogate 
of  Seneca  County  in  1851,  and  served  as  such  four 
years;  was  presidential  elector  in  1860,  and  also  in 
1864;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  15,276  votes  against  12,134  votes  for  Daniels, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Seelye,  Julius  H.,  was  born  at  Bethel,  Con 
necticut,  September  14,  1824;  graduated  at  Amherst 
College;  studied  theology  at  Auburn  (New  York) 
Theological  Seminary,  and  also  at  the  Universities  of 
Halle  and  Berlin;  was  ordained  and  installed  pastor 
of  the  First  Reformed  Dutch  Church  at  Schenectady, 
New  York,  in  1853,  where  he  remained  until  1858, 
when  he  accepted  the  professorship  of  mental  and 
moral  philosophy  in  Amherst  College,  which  he  still 
held  at  the  time  of  his  election  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress;  was  a  trustee  of  the  Clarke  Institute  for 
Deaf  Mutes,  of  the  Smith  College  for  Women,  and  of 
the  Mount-Holyoke  Female  Seminary,  and  was  one 
of  the  board  of  three  visitors  intrusted  with  the 
oversight  of  the  Andover  Theological  Seminary; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  without  a  nomination 
from  any  political  party,  receiving  7,773  votes  against 
7,353  votes  for  Charles  A.  Stevens,  Republican,  and 
3,473  votes  for  Henry  C.  Hill,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  6,  1875,  to  March' 3,  1877;  declined"  a  re- 
nomination,  and  resumed  his  duties  as  professor  in 
Amherst  College. 

Segar,  Joseph  E.,  was  born  in  King  William 
County,  Virginia,  June  1,  1804;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  elected  in  1836  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and  was  for  a 
number  of  years  annually  re-elected ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Unionist,  serving  from  May  6,  1862,  to 
March  3,  1863;  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Virginia  (in  the  place  of  Lemuel  J.  Bowden, 
deceased),  and  presented  his  credentials  in  Decem 
ber,  1864,  but  was  not  admitted  to  a  seat;  was  ap 
pointed  arbitrator  on  the  part  of  the  United  States 
before  the  United-States  and  Spanish  Claims  Con 
vention  August  1,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
14,989  votes  against  16,885  votes  for  John  Goodey, 
jun.,  Democrat. 

Selden,  Dudley,  practised  law  in  New  York; 
held  several  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in.  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 


July  1 , 1834,  when  he  resigned ;  died  at  Paris,  France, 
November  7,  1835. 

Selye,  Lewis,  was  born  at  Chittenango,  New 
York,  July  11,  1808;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  engaged  in  manufactures,  and  identified 
with  the  progress  of  the  city  of  Rochester,  where  he 
held  several  local  and  county  offices ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  an  Independent  Republican,  receiving  12,791 
votes  against  10,757  votes  for  Hart,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Semmes,  Benedict  I.,  was  born  in  Charles 
County.  Maryland,  November  1,  1789;  received  a 
classical  education;  studied  medicine,  graduating  at 
the  Baltimore  Medical  School  in  1811;  commenced 
practice  at  Piscataway,  Maryland,  but,  after  some 
years,  relinquished  it,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricul 
tural  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1825,  1827,  and  1828;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  Clay  Democrat,  receiving  300  majority 
over  John  C.  Weems;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  without  opposition,  serving 
from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833 ;  was  again 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1842  and  1843. 

Semple,  James,  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1800 ; 
removed  to  Illinois  in  1827;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1828-1833 ;  was  attor 
ney-general  of  Illinois  in  1833;  was  chary e  d'affaires 
to  Columbia  October  14,  1837-April  1,  1842;  was 
elected  one  of  the  judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Illinois  in  1842;  was  appointed  a  United-States 
senator  from  Illinois  (in  place  of  Samuel  McRoberts, 
deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  and  subsequently  elected, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847; 
died  at  Elsah  Landing,  Illinois,  January  27,  1867. 

Sener,  James  B.,  was  born  at  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia,  May  18,  1837;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  attended  lectures  at  the  University  of  Virginia 
as  a  State  student,  and  graduated  in  several  of  its 
schools;  studied  law  at  the  Lexington  (Virginia) 
Law  School  under  Judge  J.  W.  Brockenbrough,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860;  practises  his  pro 
fession;  was  sergeant  of  the  city  of  Fredericksburg 
1863-1865,  and  army  correspondent  of  the  Southern 
Associated  Press  with  General  Lee's  army  during  the 
late  war;  since  1865,  editor  of  '"  The  Fredericksburg 
(Virginia)  Ledger;"  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia 
to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at  Philadel 
phia  in  1872 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  10,685  votes  against  10,312  votes  for  E.  M. 
Braxton,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1875. 

Seney,  Joshua,  was  born  in  Maryland;  received 
a  thorough  English  education  from  a  private  tutor; 
was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1787-1788 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  First  Congress;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Second  Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to 
May  1,  1792,  when  he  resigned;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1792,  voting  for  Washington  and  Adams. 

Senter,  William  T.,  was  born  in  Granger 
County,  Tennessee,  in  1802;  resided  at  Panther 
Springs ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennes 
see  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  died 
at  Panther  Springs,  Tennessee,  August  28,  1849. 

Sergeant,  John  (son  of  Jonathan  Dickinson 
Sergeant),  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 
December  5,  1779;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1795;  was  des 
tined  for  mercantile  pursuits,  but  abandoned  them 
for  the  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1799, 
and  practised  at  Philadelphia  for  more  than  half  a 
century;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  com 
missioner  of  bankruptcy  in  1801 ;  was  deputy  attorney- 
general  of  Pennsylvania ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress 


616 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Six 
teenth,  and  Seventeenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  appointed, 
March  4,  182(5,  one  of  the  two  envoys  extraordinary 
to  the  Panama  Congress ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1827, 
to  March  3,  1829;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candi 
date  for  Vice-President  on  the  ticket  with  Henry 
Clay  in  1832,  receiving  49  electoral  votes  against  189 
electoral  votes  for  Martin  Van  Buren,  30  electoral 
votes  for  William  Wilkins,  11  electoral  votes  for 
Henry  Lee,  and  7  electoral  votes  for  Amos  Elmaker; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth, 
and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4,  1837,  to  September  15,  1841,  when  he  re 
signed  ;  was  offered  the  mission  to  England  by  Presi 
dent  Harrison,  and  declined;  was  appointed  by 
Secretary  Marcy  arbitrator  to  determine  a  long-pend 
ing  controversy  between  the  United  States  and  the 
State  of  New  Jersey ;  died  at  Philadelphia,  Novem 
ber  23, 1852.  His  "  Select  Speeches  "  were  published 
at  Philadelphia  in  1832. 

Sergeant,  Jonathan  Dickinson  (father  of 
John  Sergeant),  was  born  at  Newark,  New  Jersey,  in 
1746;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
New-Jersey  College  in  1762;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
ark,  New  Jersey ;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1776-1777;  was  appointed 
attorney-general  of  Pennsylvania  in  July,  1777,  and 
removed  to  Philadelphia,  where  he  afterwards  re 
sided;  contracted  the  yellow-fever  while  actively 
engaged  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Health,  and 
died  at  Philadelphia  October  26,  1793. 

Sessions,  Walter  L.,  was  born  in  Brandon, 
Vermont;  received  a  common-school  and  academic 
education;  studied  law,  and  has  practised  the  pro 
fession;  was  commissioner  of  schools  for  several 
years ;  was  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of  the  State  of 
New  York  in  1853  and  in  1854 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  New  York  in  1859  and  in  1865;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10,170  votes  against  9,793  votes  for  Murray,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  12,922  votes  against  9,573  votes  for  C.  D. 
Murray,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Settle,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Rockingham  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  about  1791;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Wentworth ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1816,  1826-1828,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1817,  until  March  3,  1821,  when  he  declined 
re-election;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  Superior 
Courts  of  Law  and  Equity  in  1832;  and  died  in 
Rockingham  County,  North  Carolina,  August  5,  1857. 

Severance,  Luther,  was  born  at  Montague, 
Massachusetts,  October  28,  1797;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Cazeriovia,  New  York;  received  a  public- 
school  education,  and  worked  on  the  farm  until  his 
seventeenth  year,  when  he  was  apprenticed  to  Jona 
than  Bruce,  at  Peterborough,  to  learn  the  art  of 
printing;  after  having  served  his  apprenticeship  of 
five  years,  he  worked  as  a  journeyman  in  the  office 
of  "The  Philadelphia  Aurora,"  and  subsequently 
in  the  office  of  "  The  Washington  National  Intelli 
gencer;"  in  the  fall  of  1823  he  went  by  invitation 
to  Augusta,  Maine,  where  he  established  and  pub 
lished  "  The  Kennebec  Journal  "  in  partnership  with 
Russell  Eaton;  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  of  Maine  in  1829,  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1835  and  1836,  and  again  of  the  House  in 
1839  and  1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  on  the  first  trial  4,611  votes  against  3,981 
votes  for  Samuel  Wells,  Democrat,  and  1,123  votes 


for  Seth  May,  Abolitionist,  and  on  the  second  trial  a 
majority  of  517  over  both  of  them ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  7,121  votes 
against  5,411  votes  for  W.  B.  S.  Moor,  Democrat, 
and  1,135  votes  for  Seth  May,  Abolitionist,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  until  March  3,  1847:  was 
one  of  the  vice-presidents  of  the  National  Whig 
Convention  at  Philadelphia  which  nominated  Tay 
lor  and  Fillmore  in  1848;  was  appointed  by  President 
Taylor  United-States  commissioner  to  the  Sandwich 
Islands,  and  served  from  August,  1850,  until  he  re 
turned  in  April,  1854;  died  of  consumption  at  Au 
gusta,  Maine,  January  25,  1855.  A  biographical 
sketch  of  him  was  published  by  James  G.  Elaine, 
who  succeeded  him  as  editor  of  "  The  Kennebec 
Journal." 

Sevier,  Ambrose  H.,  was  born  in  Tennessee 
in  1802;  received  a  public-school  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and,  after  visiting 
Missouri,  settled  at  Little  Rock,  Arkansas;  was  a 
member  of  the  Territorial  House  of  Representatives, 
and  of  the  Territorial  Senate;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Arkansas  Territory  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  463  votes  majority  over  Desha ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was  elected  one  of  the  first 
United-States  senators  from  the  State  of  Arkansas 
as  a  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1836,  to  March  15,  1848,  when  he  resigned  ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Polk  commissioner,  with 
the  rank  of  minister  plenipotentiary,  to  Mexico,  serv 
ing  from  March  14,  1848,  to  June  4,  1848;  returned 
to  Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  and  died  there  December 
21,  1848. 

Sevier,  John  (whose  father's  surname  was  Xa- 
vier),  was  born  in  the  valley  of  the  Shenaiuloah,  Vir 
ginia,  in  1745;  received  a  scanty  education;  settled  on 
the  Holston  River  in  North  Carolina  (now  Tennessee) 
in  1769;  became  a  noted  Indian  fighter;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war,  distinguishing  himself  at  King's 
Mountain  in  1780;  commanded  the  expedition  which 
defeated  the  Creek  and  Cherokee  Indians  in  1789; 
was  a  general  in  the  Provisional  United-States  army; 
was  governor  of  Tennessee  1796-1801, 1803-1809 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  First  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
June  16,  1790,  to  March  3,  1791;  was- elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twelfth  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  Novembe'r  4,  1811,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Monroe  one  of  the  commis 
sioners  to  locate  the  boundaries  of  the  Creek  Terri 
tory,  and  died,  while  performing  that  service,  at  Fort 
Decatur,  Alabama,  September  24,  1815. 

Sewall,  Charles  S.,  was  born  at  Elkton,  Mary 
land  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in 
the  Twenty-second  Congress  (in  place  of  George  E. 
Mitchell,  deceased),  serving  from  December  3,  1832, 
to  March  2,  1833. 

Sewall,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  December  11,  1757;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1776; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Marblehead,  Massachusetts ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Fifth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  January  10, 
1800,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massachusetts ;  was 
appointed  chief  justice  of  that  court  in  1813;  died 
while  holding  court  at  Wiscasset,  Massachusetts 
(now  Maine),  June  8,  1814. 

Sewai'd,  James  L.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Thomasville,  Georgia;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  1836-1842;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  4,429  votes  against  4,238  votes 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


for  Barton,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  6,179  votes  against  4,541  votes 
for  Varnadoe,  American ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,870  votes  against  5,093 
votes  for  Barton,  American,  and  508  votes  for  Gaul- 
den,  Independent  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Seward,  William  H.,  was  bom  at  Florida, 
New  York,  May  16,  1801;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Union  College  in  1820;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1822,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Auburn  in  1823;  was  a  member 
of  the  National  Anti-Masonic  Convention  which  met 
at  Philadelphia  September  11,  1830;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1830-1834;  was  defeated  as  the 
Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1834;  was  governor 
of  the  State  of  New  York  1838-1842;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  York  as  a  Whig, 
and  re-elected,  serving  from  March  4,  1849,  until  he 
resigned  to  enter  the  cabinet  of  President  Lincoln 
as  secretary  of  state  March  5,  1861,  serving  until 
March  3,  1869;  he  travelled  around  the  world  in 
1870-1871;  and  died  at  Auburn,  New  York,  October 
10,  1872.  He  published  the  "  Life  and  Public  Ser 
vices  of  John  Quincy  Adams ;"  and  his  own  "Life 
and  Speeches  "  was  published  by  George  E.  Baker. 

Sewell,  James,  was  elected  as  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (in 
the  place  of  James  S.  Williams,  deceased),  and 
served  from  January  1,  1843,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Sexton,  Leonidas,  was  born  at  Rushville,  In 
diana,  May  19,  1827;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Jefferson  College,  Canonsburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1847 ;  studied  law  at  Rushville  with  A. 
W.  Hubbard,  and  at  the  Cincinnati  Law  School  in 
the  winter  of  1848-1849,  while  William  Groesbeck, 
William  Green,  and  Charles  Telford  were  the  pro 
fessors  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  prac 
tised  at  Rushville;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1856;  was  lieutenant-governor 
of  Indiana  from  January,  1873,  to  January,  1877; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  14,fc02  votes  against  14,507  votes  for  Lewis  J. 
Woolen,  Democrat,  and  378  votes  for  William  L. 
Bright,  Independent  Greenback,  serving  from  Octo 
ber  15,  1877. 

Seybert,  Adam,  was  born  at  Philadelphia  in 
1773;  received  a  classical  education,  and  devoted 
himself  to  chemistry  and  mineralogy ;  visited  Europe 
in  1793,  and  studied  at  London,  Edinburgh,  and 
Gottingen ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  (in  place  of 
Benjamin  Say,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  receiving  6,276 
votes  against  4,343  votes  for  Thomas  Truxton ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
November  27,  1809,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  revisited  Europe, 
and  died  at  Paris  May  2,  1825.  He  published  "Sta 
tistical  Annals  of  the  United  States  1789  to  1818,"  a 
"  Dissertation  on  Putrefaction  of  the  Blood,"  "  Ex 
periments  on  Land  and  Sea  Air,"  and  several  papers 
in  the  Transactions  of  the  American  Philosophical 
Society. 

Seymour,  David  Lowrey,  was  born  at 
Wethersiield,  Connecticut,  December  2,  1803;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1826; 'was  a  tutor  at  Yale  College  1828-1830; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Troy,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1836;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,419  votes  against 
5,335  votes  for  Stevenson,  Whig,  and  79  votes  for 
Sheldon,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,811  votes  against 
5,594  votes  for  Sage,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 


1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  died  at  Lanesborough,  Mas 
sachusetts,  October  11,  1867. 

Seymour,  Horatio,  was  born  at  Litchfield, 
Connecticut,  May  31,  1778;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1797;  studied 
law  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Middlebury, 
Vermont;  was  judge  of  probate  and  a  member  of 
the  State  Council;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Vermont  as  a  Clay  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  2,  1833;  died  at 
Middlebury  November  21,  1857. 

Seymour,  Origen  S.,  was  born  at  Litchfield, 
Connecticut,  in  1804;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Litchfield ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  and  its  speaker 
in  1850;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecti 
cut  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  8,633  votes  against  8,485  votes  for  Butler, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Connecticut 
for  eight  years. 

Seymour,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  at  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  in  1808;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Midclletown  Military  Academy ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Hartford;  was  an  editor;  was  judge  of  pro 
bate  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  served 
in  the  Mexican  war  as  major  of  the  New-England 
regiment,  which  he  commanded,  after  the  fall  of 
Colonel  Ransom,  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in 
1852 ;  was  governor  of  the  State  of  Connecticut  1850- 
1853;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  minister 
to  Russia,  serving  May  24,  1853- July  17,  1858;  died 
at  Hartford,  Connecticut,  September  3,  1868. 

Seymour,  William,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Binghamton ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Shafer,  Jacob  K..,  was  born  in  Rockingham 
County,  Virginia,  December  26,  1823 ;  was  educated 
at  Washington  College,  Virginia;  graduated  in  the 
law-school  of  Judge  Lucas  P.  Thompson,  in  Stanton, 
in  1846;  in  1849  removed  to  Stockton,  California;  in 
1850  was  elected  district-attorney  of  the  Fifth  Ju 
dicial  District  of  California;  in  1852  was  elected 
mayor  of  Stockton;  in  1853  was  elected  judge  of 
San  Joaquiii  County,  California,  and  continued  in 
office  until  1862,  when  he  removed  to  Washington 
,now  Idaho)  Territory,  and  was  elected  delegate 
from  Idaho  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  over  Butler,  Republican,  and  May,  Independent 
Democrat  (majority  over  Butler,  884),  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3.  1871. 

Shallenberger,  William  S.,  was  born  at 
Mount  Pleasant,  Westmoreland  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  November  24,  1839;  was  educated  at  public 
schools  and  at  Lewisburg  University;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1862  in  the  One  Hundred  and  Fortieth  Regiment  of 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and  was  soon  afterward 
appointed  adjutant  of  the  regiment ;  was  wounded 
in  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  and 
the  Wilderness,  and  was  mustered  out  of  service  in 
October,  1864,  on  account  of  disability  from  wounds 
received ;  was  chairman  of  the  Beaver-county  Repub 
lican  Committee  in  1872  and  1874 ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,151  votes 
against  10,648  votes  for  R.  B.  McComb,  Democrat 
and  Greenback,  and  106  votes  for  J.  D.  Glenn,  Tem 
perance,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Shanklin,  George  S.,  was  born  in  Kentucky, 
and  resided  at  Nicholasville ;  was  a  presidential 


618 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


elector  on  the  McClellan  and  Pendleton  ticket  in 
1864;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,624  votes  against  3,943  votes  for  Speed  S.  Fry, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  4, 1805,  to  March 

3,  1867. 

Shanks,  John  P.  C.,  was  born  at  Martinsburg, 
Virginia,  June  17,  1826;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation  ;  studied  law,  and  commenced  its  practice  in 
Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Indiana 
in  1854;  served  in  the  Union  army  on  General  Fre 
mont's  staff;  raised  the  Seventh  Regiment  Indiana 
Volunteer  Cavalry,  and  commanded  it  until  placed 
in  command  of  a  brigade  of  cavalry;  was  brevetted 
major-general  February  14,  1865,  and  mustered  out 
of  service  September  22,  1865 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,885  votes  against 
11,796  votes  for  Asbury  Steele,  Democrat,  serving 
from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  18,145 
votes  against  15,268  votes  for  Snow;  was  re-elected 
to  the  "Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  15,597  votes 
against  14,656  votes  for  Lowry,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
13,790  votes  against  13,396  votes  for  Colerick,  Demo 
crat  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,115  votes  against  17,082 
votes  for  J.  E.  Neff,  Democrat,  serving  from  March 

4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  practised  law  at  Washing 
ton  City. 

Shannon,  Thomas,  resided  at  Barnesville, 
Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  David  Jennings,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  4,  1826,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Shannon,  Thomas  B.,  was  born  in  Westmore 
land  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1827;  received  a 
public-school  education;  removed  in  1844  to  Illinois, 
and  thence  in  1849  to  California;  was  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  1854-1861 ;  was  for  four  years  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  California  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  December  7, 1863, 
to  March  3, 1805 ;  was  appointed  collector  of  customs 
at  the  port  of  San  Francisco. 

Shannon,  "Wilson,  was  born  in  P>elmont  Coun 
ty,  Ohio,  February  24,  1802;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Transylvania  College,  Ken 
tucky;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio;  was 
State  prosecuting-attorney  in  1835 ;  was  governor  of 
Ohio  in  1838-1840;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor  by  Thomas  Corwin,  Whig, 
who  had  19,000  majority;  was  again  governor  of 
Ohio  1842-1844;  was  minister  to  Mexico  April  9, 
1844-May  14,  1845;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,142  votes  against  6,054  votes  for 
Hollister,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855;  was  governor  of  Kansas  1855-1856; 
died  at  Stanstead,  Canada,  September  1,  1877. 

Sharon,  William,  was  born  at  Smithfield,  Ohio, 
January  9,  1821 ;  was  raised  on  a  farm ;  entered 
Athens  College  in  1842,  and  remained  there  two 
years;  studied  law  with  Edwin  M.  Stanton;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  at  St.  Louis,  and  commenced 
practice;  his  health  failing,  he  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  at  Carrollton,  Illinois;  in  1849  he  removed 
to  California,  and  commenced  business  at  Sacra 
mento  ;  in  1850  he  went  to  San  Francisco,  where  he 
operated  in  real  estate ;  in  1864  removed  to  Nevada 
as  the  manager  of  a  branch  of  the  Bank  of  Cali 
fornia,  and  became  largely  interested  in  mines;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Nevada  as  a 
Republican  (to  succeed  W.  M.  Stewart,  Republican). 
His  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3,  1881. 

^Sharp,  Solomon  P.,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1780;  removed  to  Kentucky  when  a  child;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 


to  the  bar  in  1799,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  sev 
eral  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  was  attorney-general  of  Kentucky ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirteenth  Con- 
ress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3, 
1817 ;  was  assassinated  when  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  November,  1835,  and 
the  murderer  escaped  detection,  although  the  legisla 
ture  offered  a  reward  of  $3,000  for  his  arrest. 

Sharpe,  Peter,  was  born  at  New  York ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1814-1820;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1821 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1825 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Tariff 
Convention  held_  in  1827. 

Sharpe,  William,  was  born  in  Cecil  County, 
Maryland,  December  13,  1742;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Mecklenburg,  North  Carolina, 
in  1763;  was  active  in  pre-Revolutionary movements; 
was  a  delegate  from  North  Carolina  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  1779-1782;  served  in  the  expedition 
against  the  Southern  Indians  as  aide-de-camp  to 
General  Rutherford,  and  was  one  of  the  commission 
ers  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with  them  in  1777;  died  in 
Iredell  County,  North  Carolina,  in  July,  1818. 

Shaw,  Aaron,  was  bom  in  Orange  County,  New 
York,  in  1811 ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Lawrenceville;  was  State's  attorney  for 
the  Fourth  Judicial  Circuit;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1849-1850;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,994  votes  against 
9,878  votes  for  Brown  well,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Shaw,  Henry,  was  born  in  Windham  County, 
Vermont,  in  1788 ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law  with  Jxidge  Foot  at  Albany,  New  York; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Lanesborough,  Massachusetts,  in  1810;  was  one  of 
the  pioneers  in  the  introduction  of  manufactures  into 
Western  Massachusetts ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1, 1817,  to  March  3, 1821 ;  de 
clined  a  renomination ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  for  eighteen  years ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1833;  removed  in  1848  to  New- 
York  City,  where  he  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Education  and  of  the  common  council ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1853; 
removed  in  1854  to  Newbury,  where  he  resided  until 
within  a  few  months  of  his  death  at  Peekskill,  New 
York,  October  17,  1857. 

Shaw,  Henry  M.,  was  born  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  November  20,  1819;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  medicine;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Pennsylvania,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Indian  Town,  North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,833  votes  against 
4,740  votes  for  Outlaw,Whig,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,293  votes  against 
5,255  votes  for  Smith,  American,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  served  as  a  colonel 
in  the  Confederate  army,  and  was  killed  near  New 
Berne,  North  Carolina,  February  23,  1864. 

Shaw,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Dighton,  Massa 
chusetts,  December,  1768;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  taken  to  Putney,  Vermont,  when  a 
lad;  studied  medicine,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Castleton, Vermont,  in  1799;  he  was  convicted  under 
the  sedition  law  for  his  denunciation  of  President 
Adams,  and  imprisoned,  but  was  liberated  by  the 
people;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


619 


sentatives  in  1799;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Coun 
cil;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in 
the  Tenth  Congress  (in  place  of  James  Witherall,  re 
signed)  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Elev 
enth  Congress,  receiving  1,106  majority;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  receiving  1,275  majority, 
serving  from  November  8,  1808,  to  March  3,  1813; 
served  in  the  army  as  post  and  hospital  surgeon  April 
5,  1813-Decernber  31,  1818;  died  at  Clarendon,  Ver 
mont,  October  22,  1827. 

Shaw,  Tristam,  was  born  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1787;  received  an  academic  education; 
was  a  councillor  for  Rockingham  County;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Exeter, 
New  Hampshire,  March  14,  1843. 

Sheaf e,  James,  was  born  in  1755;  received  a 
public-school  education;  engaged  in  shipping  and 
mercantile  pursuits  with  great  success;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Sixth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  receiving  1,035  votes  against 
542  votes  for  Woodbury  Langdon,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2, 1779,  to  March  3, 1801 ;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  New  Hampshire  as  a 
Federalist,  serving  from  December  7,  180J,  to  1802, 
when  he  resigned;  was  defeated  as  the  Federal  can 
didate  for  governor  in  1810  by  William  Plumer,  Dem 
ocrat  ;  died  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  in  1829. 

Sheakley,  James,  was  born  at  Sheakleyville, 
Pennsylvania,  April  24,  1830;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation  ;  was  raised  on  a  farm ;  removed  to  California 
in  1851,  and  spent  three  years  in  the  gold-mines;  re 
turned  to  Pennsylvania  in  1854,  and  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits,  and  after  1864  was  largely  interested 
iu  the  production  and  shipment  of  petroleum ;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,819  votes  against  12,737  votes  for  J.  G.  White,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Sheats,  Charles  Christopher,  was  born  in 
Walker  County,  April  10,  1839;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Se 
cession  Convention  in  1860,  and  was  one  of  the  sev 
enteen  who  absolutely  refused  to  sign  the  ordinance 
of  separation;  was  elected  to  the  lower  House  of 
the  General  Assembly  of  Alabama  in  1861,  and  was 
expelled  for  his  adherence  to  Unionism  in  1862;  was 
indicted  for  treason  to  the  Confederate  Government 
and  imprisoned  in  1862,  but  could  not  obtain  a  trial, 
and  was  kept  in  close  confinement  until  after  the 
close  of  the  war;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1865;  was  a  candidate  for 
Congress  in  1865,  but  was  defeated,  as  there  were 
four  Union  candidates;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1807,  and  practised ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Grant  ticket  in  1868;  was  appointed  consul  at  Elsi- 
nore,  Denmark,  in  1869,  which  position  he  occupied 
until  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican  for  the 
State  at  large,  receiving  89,868  votes,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,_to  March  3,  1875. 

Sheffer,  Daniel,  was  bom  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1839. 

Sheffey,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Frederick,  Mary 
land,  in  1770;  was  bred  a  shoemaker  in  his  father's 
shop,  but  became  proficient  in  astronomical  and 
mathematical  studies;  arriving  at  manhood,  he 
walked  into  Virginia,  carrying  his  tools,  and  finally 
located  at  Abbeville ;  studied  law  under  Alexander 
Smyth ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  soon  enjoyed 
a  lucrative  practice;  was  elected  from  Augusta 
County  to  the  House  of  Delegates;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth, 
Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  as  a  Federal 


ist,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1817; 
died  in  Augusta  County,  Virginia,  December  3,  1830. 

Sheffield,  William  P.,  was  bom  at  New  Shore- 
ham  (Block  Island),  Rhode  Island,  August  30,  1820; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law  at 
Hartford  College ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844, 
and  commenced  practice  at  New  Shoreham;  was  a 
delegate  to  State  Constitutional  Conventions  in  1841 
and  1842 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1845;  removed  to  Tiverton,  and  -\vas 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  from 
that  place  1849-1853;  removed  to  Newport,  which 
city  he  represented  in  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1857-1861 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Union  candidate,  receiving  6,998  votes  against  6,656 
votes  for  Robinson,  Republican,  serving  from  July  4, 
1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  again  elected,  for  many 
successive  years,  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  appointed  in  1861  one  of  the 
commissioners  to  revise  the  State  laws. 

Sheldon,  Lionel  A.,  was  born  in  Otsego  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  August  30,  1831 ;  was  taken  by  his 
parents,  when  he  was  four  years  of  age,  to  Ohio, 
where  he  was  raised  on  a  farm,  attending  the  district- 
school  during  the  winter  months,  and  at  times,  when 
he  became  older,  teaching  school  himself ;  graduated 
at  Oberlin  College,  Ohio ;  studied  law  at  Elyria,  Ohio, 
and  Poughkeepsie,  New  York;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1853,  and  commenced  practice  at  Elyria;  was 
elected  judge  of  probate,  and  served  one  term,  but 
declined  a  nomination ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Repub 
lican  Convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1856,  and  voted 
there  for  the  nomination  of  John  C.  Fremont;  was 
commissioned  brigadier-general  of  militia  by  Gov 
ernor  Chase,  and  took  an  active  part  in  raising  volun 
teers  at  the  beginning  of  the  war;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  August,  1861,  as  captain  of  cavalry;  was 
soon  after  chosen  major  of  the  Second  Ohio  Cavalry, 
and  subsequently  became,  by  transfer,  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Forty-second  Ohio  Infantry,  which 
regiment  he  afterwards  commanded;  he  served  in 
West  Virginia,  Kentucky,  and  East  Tennessee,  and 
in  November,  1862,  when  his  regiment  had  been 
placed  under  General  Sherman  at  Memphis,  he  was 
placed  in  command  of  a  brigade  which  participated 
prominently  in  the  battles  of  Chickasaw  Bayou  and 
Arkansas  Post;  in  1863  he  was  placed  in  command 
of  the  Second  Brigade  of  the  Ninth  Division  of  the 
Thirteenth  Army  Corps,  which  was  the  first  to  land 
on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi,  and  which  was 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson  (where  he  was 
wounded),  and  the  battles  which  resulted  in  the  cap 
ture  of  Vicksburg,  and  subsequent  skirmishes ;  after 
the  war  he  settled  in  New  Orleans,  where  he  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  his  profession;  and  he  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,751  votes  against 
6,968  votes  for  Hunt,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  13,220  votes 
against  8,123  votes  for  A.  Bailey,  Democrat;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
12,299  votes  against  12,225  votes  for  E.  Lawrence, 
Democrat,  serving  from  April  8,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Sheldon,  Porter,  was  bom  at  Victor,  New 
York,  September  29,  1831 ;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1854;  practised  his  profession  at  Randolph,  New 
York,  until  1857,  when  he  removed  to  Rockford,  Illi 
nois,  where  he  continued  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion  until  1865,  when  he  returned  to  Chautauqua  in 
his  native  State ;  in  1861  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  Illinois;  and  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  For 
ty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,416 
votes  against  8,433  votes  for  Beggs,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Shellabarger,  Samuel,  was  bom  in  Clarke 
County,  Ohio,  December  10, 1817 ;  received  a  classical 


620 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


education,  graduating  in  1841  at  the  Miami  Univer 
sity  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac 
tised  at  Springfield,  Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1852  and  1853 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,931  votes  against 
7,831  votes  for  J.  S.  Harrison,  Democrat,  and  232 
votes  for  E.  P.  Tyffer,  American,  serving  from  July 
4,  1861,  to  March  3, 1803;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  10,100  votes  against  10,372  votes  for  S.  S. 
Cox,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,756  votes  against  9,587 
votes  for  S.  S.  Cox,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  13,689  votes  against 
11,516  votes  for  Miller,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869 ;  was  appointed  by 
President  Grant  minister  to  Portugal,  serving  from 
April  21,  1869,  to  December  31,  1869;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  13,488 
votes  against  12,060  votes  for  H.  J.  Jewett,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  5,  1873;  practised  law 
at  Washington  City. 

Shelley,  Charles  M.,  was  born  in  Sullivan 
County,  Tennessee,  December  28,  1833;  removed  to 
Alabama  with  his  father  in  1836;  received  but  a  lim 
ited  education;  was  brought  up  to  the  trade  of  an 
architect  and  builder,  and  has  ever  since  followed 
that  business;  he  entered  the  Confederate  service  in 
February,  1861,  as  lieutenant,  and  was  stationed  first 
at  Fort  Morgan,  and  was  afterwards  attached  to  the 
Fifth  Alabama  Regiment;  after  further  service  he 
was  commissioned  brigadier-general,  and  served  un 
der  Generals  Joseph  E.  Johnston  and  Hood;  after 
the  war  lie  returned  to  his  occupation,  and  now  re 
sides  in  Selma,  Dallas  County,  Alabama;  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,685  votes 
against  8,675  votes  for  Jere  Haralspn,  Republican, 
and  7,236  votes  for  James  T.  Rapier,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Shepard,  Charles,  was  born  at  New  Berne, 
North  Carolina,  December  5, 1807 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Chapel  Hill  in  1827;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  261  majority 
over  Biddle,  Whig,  serving  from  September  4,  1837, 
to  March  3, 1841 ;  died  at  New  Berne,  North  Carolina, 
October  31,  1843. 

Shepard,  William  Biddle,  was  born  in  New 
Berne,  North  Carolina,  in  1799;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Elizabeth  City;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Twen 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  successively  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses,  and  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  2,534  votes  against  429  votes  for  Pipkin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  until 
March  3,  1837,  when  he  declined  a  re-election;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  North  Carolina  1838- 
1848;  and  died  at  Elizabeth  City,  North  Carolina, 
June  20,  1852. 

Shepherd,  William,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  December  1,  1737;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  captain,  distinguishing  himself  at  the  en 
gagements  at  Fort  William  Henry  and  Crown  Point, 
and  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  in  1783;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Fifth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  and  Sev 
enth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March 
3,  1803;  was  major-general  of  militia;  died  at  West- 
field,  Massachusetts,  November  11,  1817. 

Shepley,  Ether,  was  born  at  Groton,  Massa 
chusetts,  November  2,  1789;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1811; 
studied  law  at  South  Berwick;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Saco  (then  in  Mas 


sachusetts,  now  in  Maine) ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1819  f  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Convention  which  framed  the  Constitution  of 
Maine  in  1820;  was  United-States  attorney  for  the 
district  of  Maine  1821-1833;  removed  to  Portland; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Maine  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1836,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  chosen  a  jus 
tice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Maine,  and  subse 
quently  chief  justice,  which  latter  position  he  held 
until  1855;  was  appointed  in  1856  sole  commissioner 
to  revise  the  statutes  of  Maine;  died  at  Portland, 
Maine,  January  15,  1877.  He  published  "The  Re 
vised  Statutes  of  Maine,"  and,  while  on  the  bench, 
furnished  the  materials  for  twenty-six  volumes  of 
Reports. 

Sheplor,  Matthias,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  Ohio,  locating  at  Bethlehem ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Sheppard,  Augustus  H.,  was  born  at  Rock- 
ford,  North  Carolina;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Surry  County ;  was  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1822, 
1823,  1824,  1825,  and  1826;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  the*  Twentieth  Congress,  and  successively  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  until  March  3,  1839; 
was  a  candidate  for  re-election  in  1839  as  a  Whig,  but 
was  defeated,  receiving  3,696  votes  against  3,743 
votes  for  John  Hill,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  until  March  3,  1843;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,022 
votes  against  2,634  votes  for  Clemmons,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,405  votes  against  3,138  votes  for 
Keene,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
until  March  3,  1851. 

Sherburne,  John  Samuel,  was  born  at  Ports 
mouth,  New  Hampshire,  in  1757 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1776; 
studied  law;  attended  the  Cambridge  Law  School; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Portsmouth;  served  as  brigade-major  on  the  staff  of 
General  Whipple  (who  commanded  a  brigade  of  New- 
Hampshire  troops  in  the  Rhode-Island  campaign), 
and  lost  a  leg  at  the  battle  of  Butt's  Hill  August  29, 
1778;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  to  tfc*  Third  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
1793,  until  March  3,  1797;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jefferson  United-States  attorney  for  the  district 
of  New  Hampshire,  serving  1801-1804,  and  United- 
States  judge  for  the  district  of  New  Hampshire, 
serving  from  May,  1804,  until  he  died,  at  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  August  2,  1830. 

Sheredine,  Upton,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Second  Congress,  serving 
from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  2,  1793. 

Sheridan,  George  A.,  was  born  at  Millbury, 
Massachusetts,  February  22,  1840;  received  a  good 
English  education ;  removed  to  Illinois ;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  captain  of  the  Eighty-eighth  Illinois 
Volunteers;  went  to  Louisiana  in  1866;  was  elected 
sheriff  of  Carroll  Parish  in  1867 ;  was  appointed  ad 
jutant-general  of  Louisiana  in  1869;  was  elected  a 
representative  at  large  from  Louisiana  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Liberal,  defeating  P.  B.  S.  Pinch- 
back,  who  contested  the  seat,  but  the  Hovise  awarded 
it  to  Mr.  Sheridan  in  the  closing  hours  of  the  session ; 
visited  Mexico ;  took  an  active  part  in  the  presiden 
tial  campaign  of  1876;  delivered  a  eulogy  on  Senator 
Morton  throughout  Indiana  in  aid  of  a  monument  to 
his  memory;  was  appointed  by  President  Hayes  in 
1878  recorder  of  deeds  for  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Sherman,  John,  was  born  at  Lancaster,  Ohio, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


621 


May  10,  1823;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law  with  his  brother,  Charles  T.  Sherman,  at 
Mansfield;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844,  and 
commenced  practice  in  partnership  with  his  brother 
at  Mansfield ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Whig  National 
Conventions  of  1848  and  1852 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  8,017  votes  against  5,794 
votes  for  Lindley,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,926  votes  against 
7,005  votes  for  Brumback,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,420  votes 
against  7,095  votes  for  Patrick,  Democrat;  was  re- 
efected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
11,428  votes  against  8,504  votes  for  Burns,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1801; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Ohio  to 
succeed  George  E.  Pugh,  Democrat  (S.  P.  Chase, 
who  had  previously  been  elected,  having  been  ap 
pointed  secretary  of  the  treasury),  and  was  twice 
re-elected,  serving  from  March,  1801,  to  March  8, 1877, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed  secretary  of  the 
treasury  by  President  Hayes,  serving  from  March  9, 
1877. 

Sherman,  J.  W.,  was  born  in  New  York;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Eepublican,  receiving 
13,807  votes  against  5,032  votes  for  Richmond,  Dem 
ocrat,  and  2,758  votes  for  Cooley,  American,  serving 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Sherman,  Roger,  was  born  at  Newton,  Massa 
chusetts,  April  19,  1721;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  shoemaker's  trade,  and  went 
to  New  Milford,  Connecticut,  to  work  at  it,  carrying 
his  tools  on  his  back;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1754, 
and  commenced  practice;  was  appointed  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas;  removed  to  New  Haven  in 
1701 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  Assembly ;  was 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1705,  and  re 
mained  on  the  bench  until  1789;  was  a  delegate  from 
Connecticut  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1784; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Federal  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  1787;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3, 1791 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Connecticut  (in  place  of  William  S.  John 
son,  resigned),  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  July 
23,  17SJ3,  when  he  died  at  New  Haven,  Connecticut. 

Sherman,  Socrates  N.,  was  born  in  Vermont; 
removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Ogdensburg; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
10.134  votes  against  7,450  votes  for  Foote,  Democrat, 
serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Sherrill,  Eliakim,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  resided  at  Shan- 
dakin;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
December  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Sherrod,  William  C.,  was  born  at  Courtland, 
Alabama,  August  17,  1835;  prepared  for  college  at 
Edgefield,  North  Carolina;  was  educated  at  Chapel- 
Hill  College,  North  Carolina;  was  a  cotton-planter; 
was  a  member  of  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tion  held  at  Charleston  in  1860;  served  in  the  State 
legislature  of  Alabama  in  1859-1860;  was  an  officer 
in  the  Confederate  army  during  the  war;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,932  votes 
against  2,830  votes  for  Hinds,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  7,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Sherwood,  Henry,  was  born  in  Bridgeport, 
Connecticut,  October  9,  1817;  has  devoted  himself 
exclusively  to  the  practice  of  law  during  the  past 
twenty-four  years ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  13,205  votes  against  13,178  votes 
for  W.  H.  Armstrong,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 


Sherwood,  Isaac  B.,  was  born  in  Dutchess 
County,  New  York,  August  13,  1835;  was  educated 
at  the  Hudson-River  Institute,  Claverack,  New  York, 
and  at  Antioch  College,  Ohio;  studied  law  at  the 
Cleveland  Law  Institute;  located  in  1857  at  Bryan, 
his  present  residence,  where  he  established  a  Radical 
paper,  "The  Williams-county  Gazette;"  in  1859  he 
was  elected  probate  judge  of  Williams  County,  which 
office  he  resigned  to  enter  the  Union  army  as  a 
private  in  the  Fourteenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry 
April  18,  1801 ;  after  serving  in  the  ranks  for  four 
months  in  West  Virginia,  and  participating  in  several 
skirmishes,  he  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in  the  One 
Hundred  and  Eleventh  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry ;  was 
appointed  adjutant;  served  in  that  capacity  through 
the  Buell  campaign  in  Kentucky  in  1802 ;  was  pro 
moted  to  be  major  February  1,  1803;  participated  in 
the  campaign  against  John  "Morgan,  and  in  the  East 
Tennessee  campaign  under  General  Burnside;  was 
promoted  to  be  lieutenant-colonel  February  12,  1864, 
and  commanded  his  regiment  to  the  close  of  the  war 
in  numerous  battles,  receiving  a  brevet  of  brigadier- 
general  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services;  he  edit 
ed  "The  Toledo  Commercial,"  and  for  six  months 
afterward  was  an  editorial  writer  on  "The  Cleve 
land  Leader;"  he  was  elected  secretary  of  state  for 
Ohio  in  1868,  and  re-elected  in  1870;  and  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,471  votes 
against  12,406  votes  for  Frank  H.  Hurd,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Sherwood,  Samuel,  was  born  in  New  York; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Delhi,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  removed 
to  New  York  in  1833,  and  died  there  November  8, 
1862. 

Sherwood,  Samuel  B.,  was  born  in  Connect 
icut  in  1767 ;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Yale  College  in  1780;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Saugatuck, 
Connecticut;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  died  at  Sauga 
tuck,  Connecticut,  April  27,  1833. 

Shiel,  George  K.,  was  born  in  Ireland;  immi 
grated  to  the  United  States,  and  located  in  Oregon ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Oregon  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Shields,  Benjamin  G.,  resided  at  Demopolis, 
Alabama ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  8,  1843;  was  charge 
d'affaires  at  Venezuela  March  14,  1845-January  7, 
1850. 

Shields,  Ebenezer  J.,  was  born  in  Georgia; 
removed  to  Tennessee,  and  located  at  Pulaski ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7, 1835,  to  March  3, 1839;  died  at  Pulaski,  Tennessee, 
May  20, 1S46. 

Shields,  James,  resided  at  Dick's  Mills,  Ohio; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  receiving  1,700 
majority  over  John  Woods,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  Dick's  Mills,  Ohio, 
July  17,  1831. 

Shields,  James,  was  born  in  Tyrone  County, 
Ireland,  in  1810;  immigrated  to  the  United  States  in 
1826 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Kaskaskia,  Illinois ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1836;  was  State  auditor  in  1839;  was  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  in  1843;  was  commissioner  of  the 


622 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


General  Land  Office  April  16,  1845-January  6,  1847; 
was  appointed  by  President  Polk  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  July  1,  1840,  and  served  throughout  the 
Mexican  war,  receiving  severe  wounds  in  the  battles 
of  Cerro  Gordo  and  Chapultepec ;  was  brevetted 
major-general,  and  mustered  out  of  service  July  20, 
1848;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Illi 
nois  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849, 
to  March  3,  1855;  removed  to  Minnesota;  was  elect 
ed  a  United-States  senator  from  Minnesota,  serving 
from  May  12,  1858,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  removed  to 
California;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in  the 
Union  army  August  19,  1801,  and  commanded  a 
division  in  Banks' s  army  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley, 
where  he  gained  the  battle  of  Winchester  March  23, 
1802,  having  received  a  severe  wound  in  the  skirmish 
the  preceding  day;  removed  to  Missouri,  and  settled 
on  a  farm  in  Carroll  County;  was  appointed  adjutant- 
general  of  the  State  in. 1877;  was  defeated  in  1878  as 
a  candidate  for  doorkeeper  of  the  House  of  Represen 
tatives.  Congress  subsequently  recognized  his  ser 
vices  by  increasing  his  pension  to  one  hundred  dollars 
a  month. 

Shinn,  William  N.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  was  a  farmer  at  Mount 
Holly;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jer 
sey  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  24,383  votes 
against  23,310  votes  for  Southard,  Clay  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  1,300  majority,  serving  from  December  2, 
1S33,  to  March  3,  1837. 

Shipherd,  Zebulon  R.,  was  born  in  Washing 
ton  County,  New  York,  and  resided  at  Granville; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
May  24, 1813,  to  March  2, 1815;  died  at  Moriah,  New 
York. 

Shippen,  "William,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1754;  studied  medicine  at  Edinburgh, 
Scotland,  and,  on  his  return  to  Philadelphia,  he  de 
livered  the  first  course  of  lectures  on  anatomy  in  the 
United  States;  was  a  founder  of  the  Medical  School 
of  Philadelphia,  in  which  he  was  the  first  professor 
of  anatomy;  was  commissioned  in  1777  medical  di 
rector-general  of  the  Continental  army;  was  a  dele 
gate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1780;  died  at  Philadelphia  November  4,  1801. 

Shober,  Francis  E.,  was  born  in  Salem,  North 
Carolina,  March  12,  1831 ;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation  both  in  his  native  State  and  Pennsylvania; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in 
June,  1851 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1.854;  was  elected  to  the  lower  branch  of  the  Gen 
eral  Assembly  of  North  Carolina  in  1802  and  1804, 
and  to  the  State  Senate  in  1805;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,192  votes  against 
11,103  votes  for  Boyden,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat 
by  a  large  majority,  serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

Shoemaker,  Lazarus  D.,  was  born  at  King 
ston,  Pennsylvania,  November  5,  1819;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylvania; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1806-1808 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
13,279  votes  against  12,059  votes  for  J.  B.  McCollom. 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  17,551  votes  against  16,881  votes 
for  S.  Woodward,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Shorter,  Eli  S.,  was  born  at  Monticello,  Georgia, 
March  15,  1823;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Yale  College  in  1843;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Euf  aula, 


but  relinquished  his  profession  for  planting;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,710  votes 
against  5,520  votes  for  Alford,  American;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (defeating  Butt 
Patterson,  an  Independent  candidate),  serving  from 
December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Shower,  Jacob,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  resided 
at  Manchester;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  an  Inde 
pendent,  receiving  7,240  votes  against  6,330  votes  for 
Wethered,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855. 

Sibley,  Henry  H.  (son  of  Solomon  Sibley),  was 
born  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  February,  1811;  received 
an  English  education;  passed  his  early  life  on  the 
frontier  as  an  Indian  trader  in  the  service  of  the 
American  Fur  Company;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Wisconsin  Territory  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  January  15,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1849;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Minnesota  Terri 
tory  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  defeating  A.  M.  Mitchell, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853; 
was  the  first  governor  of  the  State  of  Minnesota  in 
1858;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers,  and  was  brevetted  major-general ;  was 
a  visitor  to  the  Military  Academy  at  West  Point  in 
1807. 

Sibley,  Jonas,  was  born  at  Sutton,  Massachu 
setts,  March  7,  1762 ;  received  a  classical  education ; 
held  some  of  the  principal  town-ofiices  in  Sutton  for 
thirty-five  successive  years;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  of  Massachusetts  in 
1806-1823  (seventeen  successive  years);  was  chosen 
by  the  House  to  fill  a  vacancy'  occasioned  in  the 
Senate  by  death  in  1819;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Monroe  ticket  in  1820 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  B.  Adams,  Federalist, 
and  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825 ; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  re-election  after 
four  successive  trials ;  died  at  Sutton,  Massachusetts, 
February  10,  1834. 

Sibley,  Mark  H.,  was  born  at  Great  Barrington, 
Massachusetts,  in  1790;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Canandaigua;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1834- 
1835;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1841 ;  was  a  county-judge  in 
1847;  died  at  Canandaigua,  New  York,  September  8, 
1852. 

Sibley,  Solomon  (father  of  Henry  H.  Sibley), 
was  born  at  Sutton,  Massachusetts,  October  7,  1709; 
received  a  classical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1795,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Marietta,  Ohio,  removing  soon  to  Cincinnati,  and  to 
Detroit  in  1797;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Michigan  Territory  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (in 
place  of  William  W.  Woodbridge,  resigned);  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  receiving  a 
plurality  over  Judge  Woodward  and  Mr.  McCloskey, 
serving  from  November  20,  1820,  to  March  3,  1823; 
was  appointed  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  in 
1824,  and  occupied  the  position  until  deafness  forced 
him  to  resign  in  1830;  died  at  Detroit,  Michigan, 
April  4,  1846. 

Sickles,  Daniel  E.,  was  born  in  New  York, 
October,  1821;  received  a  public-school  education; 
learned  the  art  of  printing;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1847,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1865; 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  secretary  of  lega 
tion  to  London,  Mr.  Buchanan  being  the  minister; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,716 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


623 


votes  against  2,905  votes  for  Duganne,  American, 
and  2,126  votes  for  Peltoii,  Republican;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  3.177  votes 
against  3,015  votes  for  Williamson,  Republican,  and 
2,874  votes  for  Walbridge,  Independent  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  on 
the  28th  of  February,  1859,  he  killed  Philip  Barton 
Key  at  Washington  City  for  having  had  criminal 
connection  with  his  wife,  and  was  tried  for  murder, 
and  acquitted;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as 
colonel  of  the  New- York  Excelsior  Regiment,  and 
served  through  the  war,  losing  a  leg  at  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg  July  2,  1863,  and  was  placed  on  the  re 
tired  list  as  major-general  April  14,  18G9;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Johnson  minister  to  the 
Netherlands,  but  declined ;  was  a  delegate  from 
New  York  to  the  National  Republican  Convention 
at  Chicago  in  1868;  was  appointed  by  President 
Grant  minister  to  Spain,  serving  May  15,  1869- 
December  20,  1873 ;  returned  to  New  York. 

Sickles,  Nicholas,  was  born  at  Kinderhook, 
New  York;  resided  at  Kingston;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,446  votes  against 
2,063  votes  for  Barringer,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  at  Kingston, 
New  York,  May  13,  1845. 

Sill,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Erie,  Pennsylvania,  in  1812;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (in.  place  of  Patrick  Farrelly,  deceased) 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  April  3,  1826,  to  March  3, 
1827 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore 
ticket  in  1848. 

Silsbee,  Nathaniel,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
Massachusetts,  in  1773;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation  ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Mr.  Stephens, 
Federalist,  by  7  votes ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  defeating  Timothy  Pickering,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821;  declined  a  re 
election  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1821,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1823- 
1825 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  as  a  Demo 
crat  (in  place  of  James  Lloyd,  resigned),  and  was 
re-elected,  serving  from  December  4,  1826,  to  March 
3, 1835;  died  at  Salem,  Massachusetts,  July  1,  1850. 

Silvester,  Peter,  was  born  in  New  York ;  was 
a  member  of  the  Albany  Committee  of  Safety  in  1774 ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  New-York  Provincial  Congress 
May  8,  1775,  to  May  13, 1776 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  First  Congress,  serving 
from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1797-1800;  died  at  Kinderhook, 
New  York,  January  30,  1845. 

Simkins,  Eldred,  was  born  at  "  the  Cedar 
Fields,"  Edgefield  District,  South  Carolina,  August 
29,  1779 ;  received  a  classical  education  at  Dr.  Wad- 
del's  Wellington  Academy;  was  three  years  at  the 
Litchfield  (Connecticut)  Law  School;  then  studied 
with  Chancellor  De  Saussure;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  at  Charleston  in  1805,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Edgefield  Court  House  in  1806;  was  repeatedly 
sent  to  the  State  legislature  from  his  native  district; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Fifteenth  Congress  (as  the  successor  of  John  C. 
Calhoun,  who  had  accepted  a  position  in  Mr.  Mon 
roe's  cabinet),  defeating  Edmund  Bacon  and  William 
Butler;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  February  8,  1818,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  de 
clined  a  re-election,  resigning  in  favor  of  his  partner, 
George  McDuflie,  and  divided  his  time  between  his 
profession  and  his  planting  interests;  and  died  on  his 
plantation  in  1832. 


Simmons,  George  A.,  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire  in  1791 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1816;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Keeseville,  New  York;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,093  votes  against  6,852 
votes  for  Ireland,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,533  votes 
against  3,062  votes  for  Bailey,  American,  and  1,752 
votes  for  Thomas,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857;  died  at  "Keeseville,  New 
York,  October  27,  1857. 

Simmons,  James  Fowler,  was  born  at  Little 
Compton,  Rhode  Island,  September  10, 1795 ;  received 
a  thorough  English  education ;  became  a  farmer  and 
a  manufacturer ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1828-1841 ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Rhode  Island  as  a  WThig,  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  again 
elected  a  senator,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to 
December,  1862,  when  he  resigned ;  died  at  Johnson, 
Rhode  Island,  July  10,  1864. 

Simms,  William  E.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Paris;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  6,932  votes  against  6,865  votes  for 
Harlan,  Opposition,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
to  March  3,  1861. 

Simons,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Bridgeport,  Con 
necticut,  in  1777 ;  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  medicine,  and  practised  at  Bridgeport;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  4, 1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  died  at  Bridge 
port,  Connecticut,  January  13,  1847. 

Simonton,  William,  was  born  at  Hummels- 
town,  Pennsylvania;  held  several  local  offices;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  2,640  votes 
against  2,131  votes  for  Hummel,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  died  at  South 
Hanover,  Pennsylvania,  May  18,  1846. 

Simpson,  John,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat,  as  he  raised  a  company  of  volun 
teers,  which  he  commanded,  for  the  expedition  under 
General  Winchester,  and  was  massacred  at  the  River 
Raisin  January  22,  1813. 

Simpson,  Richard  F.,  was  born  in  South  Car 
olina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  South  Carolina  in  1816 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Peiwlleton ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849. 

Sims,  Alexander  Dromgoole,  was  born  in 
Brunswick  County,  Virginia,  June  11,  1803;  received 
a  classical  education  at  Chapel-Hill  College,  and  at 
Union  College,  Schenectady,  where  he  graduated ; 
removed  to  Darlington  Court  House,  South  Carolina, 
in  1826,  to  take  charge  of  the  academy  there ;  studied 
law  while  teaching;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Darlington;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1840-1844; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Demo 
crat,  defeating  John  McQueen;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  by  39  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  until  his  death  at  Kingstree,  South 
Carolina,  whither  he  had  gone  to  meet  his  constitu 
ents,  November  16,  1848. 

Sims,  Leonard  H.,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  removed  to  Missouri,  and  located  at  Spring 
field  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 


624 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Singleton,  Otho  E.,  was  born  in  Jessamine 
County,  Kentucky,  October  14,  1814;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  St.  Joseph's  Col 
lege,  Bardstown,  Kentucky ;  studied  law,  and  gradu 
ated  at  the  Lexington  Law  School,  and  practised  law; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
two  years,  and  of  the  State  Senate  six  years ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in 
1852 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi 
in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,367  votes  against  6,669  votes  for  McClung,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,729  votes  against 
5,907  votes  for  William  A.  Lake,  Know-Nothing;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  6,279 
votes  against  5,130  votes  for  Lake,  American;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,040 
votes  against  2,376  votes  for  Smith,  Opposition,  re 
tiring  January  12,  1861;  was  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  in  the  Confederate  Congress  from  1861 
until  18(55 ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  aide- 
de-camp  to  General  Robert  E.  Lee;  was  elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  a 
majority' of  9,652  votes  over  Jason  Niles,  Republican; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  19,130  votes  against  4,547  votes  for  W.  M.  Han 
cock,  Republican,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Singleton,  Thomas  D.,  was  born  in  South 
Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  that 
State  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Nullifier, 
defeating  Thomas  R.  Mitchell,  Union  Democrat; 
died,  before  taking  his  seat,  in  the  fall  of  1833. 

Sinnickson,  Clement  H.,  was  born  in  Salem 
County,  New  Jersey,  September  16,  1834;  graduated 
from  Union  College,  Schenectady,  New  York,  in 
1855;  studied  law  with  William  L.  Dayton  at  Tren 
ton;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858,  and  has  since 
practised  at  Salem;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861 
as  lieutenant,  and  was  elected  captain  in  the  Fourth 
New-Jersey  Volunteer  Infantry,  in  which  he  served 
for  the  period  of  its  enlistment;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,209  votes 
against  13,019  votes  for  C.  Albertson,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,362 
votes  against  15,472  votes  for  Simmerman,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Sinnickson,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Salem 
County,  New  Jersey,  in  1745;  received  a  classical 
education,  but  turned  his  attention  to  mercantile 
pursuits;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  cap 
tain  ;  was  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Provin 
cial  Council,  and  afterwards  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  presiding  judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to 
March  3, 1799 ;  died  at  Salem,  New  Jersey,  May  15, 
1817. 

Sinnickson,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Salem,  New 
Jersey,  December  13,  1786;  received  a  public-school 
education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  for 
several  years;  was  for  twenty  years  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court 
of  Errors  and  Appeals ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  (in  place 
of  Hedge  Thompson,  deceased),  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1828,  to  March  3,  1829;  died  at  Salem, 
New  Jersey. 

Sitgreayes,  Charles,  was  born  at  Easton, 
Pennsylvania,  April  22,  1803;  went  to  New  Jersey 
in  1806;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  in  the  New-Jersey  State  military 
service  from  1828  to  1838;  was  a  member  of  the  As 
sembly  of  New  Jersey  in  1831  and  1833;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislative  Council  in  1834  and  1835 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  New  Jersey  in  1851, 


1852,  1853,  and  1854;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  16,942  votes  against  12,080  votes  for  Scran- 
ton,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,768  votes 
against  12,955  votes  for  Davidson,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869;  was 
president  of  the  Phillipsburg  National  Bank,  and  of 
the  Belvidere  and  Delaware  Railroad  Company;  died 
at  PJiillipsburg,  Pennsylvania,  March  17,  1878. 

Sitgreaves,  John,  was  born  at  New  Berne,  North 
Carolina ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised ;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  in  1776, 
and  was  aide-de-camp  to  Governor  Caswell  at  the 
battle  of  Camden ;  was  a  member  of  the  Continental 
Congress  1784-1785 ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1786-1789;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Jefferson  United-States  district- 
judge  for  North  Carolina  in  1789,  and  held  the  po 
sition  until  he  died  at  Halifax,  North  Carolina, 
March  4,  1802. 

Sitgreaves,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Easton,  Pennsylvania;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1790; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Fourth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1795,  to  1798,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  ap 
pointed  by  President  Adams  a  commissioner  to  treat 
with  Great  Britain;  died  at  Philadelphia  April  4, 
1824. 

Skelton,  Charles,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  New  Jersey,  and  resided  at  Trenton;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,259  votes  against  8,358  votes  for  Richards,  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  10,229  votes  against  9,238  votes  for  Brown,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Skinner,  Richard,  was  born  at  Litchfield,  Con 
necticut,  May  30,  1788;  was  educated  at  the  Litch 
field  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1800, 
and  practised  at  Manchester,  Vermont;  was  State 
attorney  for  Bennington  County  in  1801 ;  was  judge 
of  probate  1806-1812;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815;  was  associate  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  in  1815,  and  chief  justice  in  1816;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  and  its 
speaker  in  1818;  was  governor  of  Vermont  1820- 
1823;  was  again  chief  justice  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  1824-1829;  died  at  Manchester,  Vermont,  May 
23,  1833. 

Skinner,  Thomson  J.,  jun.,  was  born  in 
Massachusetts;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Fourth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Theodore  Sedgwick,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  27,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17, 
1803,  to  March  3,  1804 ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Jefferson  commissioner  of  loans. 

Slade,  Charles,  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  resided  at  Carlyle,  Illinois;  held  several  local 
offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  to  July,  1834,  when  he  died, 
on  his  way  home,  in  Knox  County,  Indiana,  after  an 
illness  of  only  twenty-four  hours. 

Slade,  William,  was  born  at  Cornwall,  Ver 
mont,  May  9,  1786;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Middlebury  College  in  1807 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Middlebury;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Madison  ticket  in  1812 ;  published  and 
edited  "The  Columbian  Patriot"  1814-1816;  was 
secretary  of  state  1815-1823;  was  judge  of  the  Addi- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


625 


son-county  Court,  and  subsequently  prosecuting- 
attorney  for  Addison  County;  was  a  clerk  in  the 
Department  of  State  at  Washington  1823-1829 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Twen 
ty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-third/Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  5,  18:31,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  elected  re 
porter  of  the  decisions  of  the  State  Supreme  Court; 
was  governor  of  Vermont  1844-1846;  was  secretary 
of  the  National  Board  of  Popular  Education ;  died 
at  Middlebury,  Vermont,  January  18,  1850. 

Slater,  James  H.,  was  born  in  Sangamon  Coun 
ty,  Illinois,  in  1826;  received  a  limited  common- 
school  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practises;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
lower  House  of  the  Territorial  legislature  in  1857 
and  1858,  and  then  a  member  of  the  lower  House  of 
the  first  State  legislature;  was  elected  in  1866  dis 
trict-attorney  for  the  Fifth  Judicial  District  of  Ore 
gon,  and  served  two  years ;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Oregon  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,588  votes  against  11,245 
votes  for  J.  G.  Wilson,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Slaymaker,  Amos,  was  born  in  the  London 
Lands,  Pennsylvania,  March  11,  1755;  received  a 
public-school  education;  served  in  the  Revolution 
ary  army  as  a  private;  became  a  farmer;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  James  Whitehill,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  12,  1814,  to  March  2,  1815; 
died  at  Salisbury,  Pennsylvania,  June  12,  1837. 

Siemens,  William  P.,  was  born  in  Weakley 
County.  Tennessee,  March  15,  1830;  was  educated  at 
Bethel  College ;  removed  to  Arkansas  in  1852;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  prac 
tised  until  1861;  was  a  member  of  the  Arkansas 
State  Convention  in  1861 ;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  in  July,  1861,  and  served  through  the  war, 
after  which  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  was 
elected  district-attorney  in  1866,  and  reconstructed 
out  of  office  in  1868 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Arkansas  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,166  votes  against  10,485  votes 
for  John  M.  Clayton,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,566  votes 
against  14,159  votes  for  O.  P.  Snyder,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Slidell,  John,  was  born  in  New  York  in  1793 ; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
Orleans ;  was  United-States  district-attorney  in  1829- 
1833;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  November  10,  1845, 
when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Polk  minister  to  Mexico,  but,  the  Mexican  Gov 
ernment  refusing  to  receive  him,  he  returned  Janu 
ary  26,  1847;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Louisiana  (in  place  of  Pierre  Soule",  resigned), 
and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  December  5,  1853, 
to  February  4, 1861,  when  he  retired  from  the  Senate ; 
was  sent  as  commissioner  to  France  by  the  Confed 
erate  Government,  and  arrested  at  Havana  on  the 
English  mail-steamer  "Trent"  November  8, 1861,  by 
Captain  Wilkcs,  commanding  the  United-States  frig 
ate  "  San  Jacinto ; "  was  brought  to  the  United  States, 
and  confined  in  Fort  Warren,  Boston  Harbor,  but 
soon  released  on  the  reclamation  of  the  British  Gov 
ernment;  he  sailed  for  England  January  1,  1862,  and 
resided  in  France  and  England  until  he  died  at  Lon 
don  July  29,  1871. 

Slingerland,  John  I.,  was  born  in  Albany 
County,  New  York,  March  1,  1804;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  at 
Bethlehem,  near  Albany;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1843;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 


as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849;  died  at  Albany  October  26,  1861. 

Sloan,  Andrew,  was  born  at  McDonough,  Geor 
gia,  June  10, 1845;  was  educated  at  Marshall  College, 
Georgia,  and  at  Bethany  College,  West  Virginia, 
which  he  left  before  graduating;  read  law  without 
any  tutor,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  April, 
1866;  was  elected  in  May,  1866,  county-solicitor  of 
Henry  County,  Georgia,  and  resigned  in  the  fall  of 
1866;  removed  to  Savannah;  was  appointed  deputy- 
collector  of  customs ;  resigned  in  the  spring  of  1867, 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  entered  the  United- 
States  district-attorney's  office  at  Savannah  as  an 
assistant;  was  afterward  regularly  appointed  as 
United-States  district-attorney,  and  held  the  posi 
tion  until  he  resigned  in  the  spring  of  1872,  acting 
at  the  same  time  as  local  counsel  for  the  United 
States  in  regard  to  the  cotton  claims,  and  also  under 
the  Mixed  Commission  on  British  and  American 
claims;  was  nominated  as  the  Republican  candidate 
for  Congress,  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  on  the  5th  of  November,  1872,  but  Morgan 
Rawls  was  returned  as  representative  elect,  and  ob 
tained  the  seat;  contested  the  seat,  attending  to  his 
own  case  before  the  House  Committee  on  Elections, 
and  was  admitted  on  the  24th  of  March,  1874,  it  hav 
ing  been  decided  that  he  had  received  10,221  votes 
against  8,321  votes  for  Morgan  Rawls,  Democrat,  serv- 
Tng  to  March  3,  1875. 

Sloan,  A.  Scott,  was  born  at  Morrisville,  New 
York,  in  1820;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Morrisville ;  was  elected  clerk  of  Madison 
County  in  1847;  removed  to  Beaver  Dam,  Wisconsin, 
in  1854 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin  House  of 
Representatives  in  1856;  was  appointed  a  judge  of 
the  Circuit  Court  in  1858;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  34,002  votes  against  28,986 
votes  for  Larrabee,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4, 
1861,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Sloan,  Ithamar  C.,  was  born  in  Madison  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Janesville,  Wisconsin,  in  1854;  was  elect 
ed  district-attorney  in  1858  and  1860;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,324  votes 
against  11,059  votes  for  Guffy,  Union;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  15,538 
votes  against  10,045  votes  for  George  B.  Smith,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1867. 

Sloan,  James,  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  and  re 
sided  in  Gloucester  County ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Eighth  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809;  died  in 
Gloucester  County,  New  Jersey,  in  November,  1811. 

Sloane,  John,  was  born  at  York,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1779;  removed  to  Ohio  early  in  life;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1804-1806, 
serving  the  last  two  years  as  speaker;  was  United- 
States  receiver  of  public  moneys  at  Canton  1808-1816, 
and  afterwards  at  Wooster  1816-1819;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nine 
teenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  clerk  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  seven  years ;  was  secre 
tary  of  state  for  Ohio  three  years;  was  appointed  by 
President  Fillmore  treasurer  of  the  United  States, 
serving  from  November  27,  1850,  to  April  1,  1853; 
died  at  Wooster,  Ohio,  May  15,  1856. 

Sloane,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  settled  at  Ravenna;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837. 


626 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Slocum,  Henry  WM  was  born  at  Delphi,  New 
York,  September  24,  1827 ;  graduated  at  West-Point 
Academy  in  1852;  on  receiving  the  appointment 
of  second  lieutenant,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  in 
Florida,  where  he  spent  about  one  year;  and  from 
1853  to  1850,  as  a  first  lieutenant,  he  was  on  duty  at 
Fort  Moultrie,  on  leaving  which  he  resigned  his  com 
mission;  studied  law,  and  was  engaged  in  its  practice 
at  Syracuse  from  1850  to  1801 ;  in  1859  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  legislature,  and  from  1859  to  1801  he 
was  instructor  of  artillery  in  the  New- York  militia; 
entered  tbe  Union  army,  when  the  Rebellion  com 
menced,  as  colonel  of  the  Twenty-seventh  Regiment 
of  New- York  Volunteers,  and,  before  the  close  of  1801, 
was  made  a  brigadier-general  of  volunteers ;  in  1802 
he  was  appointed  a  major-general,  and  served  till  the 
end  of  hostilities ;  in  1805  he  was  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  secretary  of  state  of  New  York,  but  was 
defeated,  after  which  he  settled  at  Brooklyn  in  the 
practice  of  law;  in  1808  he  was  chosen  a  presidential 
elector;  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  10,598  votes  against  13,734  votes  for  Booth, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Con- 

fress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,799  votes  against 
,023  votes  for  E.  D.  Webster,  Republican,  and  3,248 
votes  for  R.  M.  Whiting,  jun.,  Independent  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Slocumb,  Jesse,  was  born  in  North  Carolina  in 
1782;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  December  20,  1820,  when  he 
died  of  pleurisy,  after  ten  days'  illness,  at  Washington 
City. 

Sloss,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  at  Somerville,  Ala 
bama,  October  12,  1820;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  at  Florence,  Alabama;  studied  law  at  Athens, 
Tennessee;  settled  at  Edwardsville,  Illinois,  in  1849; 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Illinois  in  1858- 
1859;  at  the  commencement  of  hostilities  in  1801,  re 
turned  to  Alabama,  and  joined  the  Confederate  army, 
in  which  he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was 
elected  mayor  of  Tuscumbia  soon  after  the  war,  and 
continued  in  that  office  (except  a  short  time  when 
he  was  suspended  by  the  United-States  officer  com 
manding  in  that  department)  until  1870,  when  he 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Conservative  Democrat, 
receiving  9,221  votes  against  4,008  votes  for  J.  H. 
Masterton,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  serving  from  March  4, 1871,  to  March 
3, 1875 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Independent  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
9,172  votes  against  15,048  votes  for^G.  W.  Hewitt, 
Democrat. 

Small,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Limington, 
Maine;  received  an  academic  education ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
New  Market,  New  Hampshire,  in  1840 ;  served  two 
terms  as  solicitor  of  Rockingham  County;  left  the 
Democratic  party  when  Fort  Sumter  was  fired  upon; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1870 ;  was  elected 


njnred  by 

track  at  Rochester,  and  died  a  few  weeks  afterwards 
at  New  Market,  New  Hampshire,  April  7,  1875. 
^  Smalls,  Robert,  was  born  at  Beayfort,  South 
Carolina,  April  5,  1839;  being  a  slave,  was  debarred 
by  statute  from  attending  school,  but  educated  him 
self  with  such  limited  .advantages  as  he  could  secure; 
removed  to  Cliarleston  in  1851;  worked  as  a  rigger, 
and  led  a  seafaring  life;  became  connected  in  i" 801 
with  "The  Planter,". a. steamer  plying  in  Charleston 
Harbor  as  a  transport,  which  he  took  over  Charles 
ton  Bar  in  May,  1802,  .and  delivered  her  and  his 
services  to  the  commander  of  the  United-States 
blockading  squadron;  was  appointed  pilot  in  the 
United-States  navy,  and  served  in  that  capacity  on 


the  monitor  "Keokuk"  in  the  attack  on  Fort  Sum 
ter;  served  as  pilot  in  the  quartermaster's  depart 
ment,  and  was  promoted  as  captain  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  December  1,  1803,  and  placed  in 
command  of  "The  Planter,"  serving  until  she  was 
put  out  of  commission  in  1800;  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1808;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1808,  and  of  the  State  Senate  (to  fill  a  va 
cancy)  in  1870,  and  re-elected  in  1872;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,752  votes  against  4,401  votes  for  J.  P.  M.  Epping, 
Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  19,954  votes  against  18,510  votes 
for  G.  D.  Tillman,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
0,  1875. 

Smart,  Ephraim  K.,  was  born  at  Prospect, 
Massachusetts  (now  Searsport,  Maine),  in  1813;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Camden;  was  appointed  postmaster  in  1838;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1841  and  1842;  re 
moved  to  Missouri  in  1843,  and  practised  there,  but 
returned  to  Camden  in  1845,  and  was  again  appointed 
postmaster;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine 
in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,548  votes  against  3,852  votes  for  Johnson,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  0,  1847,  to  March  3.  1849; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,911  votes  against  5,295  votes  for  Theophilus 
dishing,  Whig,  and  52  scattering,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  collector  of 
customs  at  Belfast  1853-1858;  established  "The 
Maine  Free  Press"  June  15,  1854,  and  was  its  editor 
until  1857 ;  returned  to  Camden ;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1858,  and 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1802;  removed  to  Biddeford 
in  1809,  and  established  "The  Maine  Democrat," 
which  he  edited  for  a  short  time ;  and  subsequently 
returned  to  Camden,  where  he  died. 

Smart,  James  S.,  was  born,  June  14, 1842,  in 
the  city  of  Baltimore,  Maryland;  received  an  aca 
demic  education,  graduating  from  Jefferson  College, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1803;  entered  the  army  in  January, 
1804,  as  first  lieutenant  Sixteenth  New- York  Heavy 
Artillery;  served  in  the  Army  of  the  James  until  the 
second  expedition  to  Fort  Fisher;  was  promoted  to 
a  captaincy,  and  discharged  in  August,  1805;  in 
November  of  the  same  year  took  charge  of  "  The 
Washington-county  Post,"  published  at  Cambridge, 
New  York,  and  is  still  connected  with  that  paper; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,835 
votes  against  13,352  votes  for  A.  Thayer,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Smelt,  Dennis,  was  born  in  Georgia ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Ninth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Joseph  Bryan,  resigned);  was 
re-elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  20,  1800,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Smilie,  John,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1742; 
immigrated  when  a  lad  to  Pennsylvania;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Third 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March 
3,  1795;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1797;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1813;  died  at  Washing 
ton  City  December  30,  1813. 

Smith,  Albert,  was  born,  at  Hanover,  Massa 
chusetts,  January  3,  1793;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1813; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Portland  in  1817;  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1820;  was  a  postmaster  for  several  years; 
was  United-States  marshal  for  the  district  of  Maine 
1830-1838 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


627 


the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  by  William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Whig, 
who  received  200  majority;  was  appointed  United- 
States  commissioner  to  lay  out  the  North-eastern 
boundary  under  the  Ashburton  Treaty,  serving  1842- 
1847:  died  at  Boston  May  29,  1807. 

Smith,  Albert,  was  born  in  New  York ;  resided 
at  Batavia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1842;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,844  votes  against  3,894  votes 
for  Cooley,  Democrat,  and  350  votes  for  Chapin, 
Abolitionist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  6,366  votes  against  4,215 
votes  for  Chandler,  Democrat,  and  736  votes  for 
McKay,  American,  serving  from  December  4,  1843, 
to  March  3,  1847. 

Smith,  A.  Herr,  was  born  in  Manor  Township, 
Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  7,  1815; 
graduated  at  Dickinson  College  in  1840 ;  studied  law 
with  John  R.  Montgomery  at  Lancaster ;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  has  since  followed  his 
profession ;  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  in  1843,  and 
re-elected  in  1844 ;  in  1845  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,501  votes  against  8,526  votes  for  H.  M. 
North,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,505  votes 
against  6,220  votes  for  Patton,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,419 
votes  against  9,574  votes  for  George  Nauman,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1, 1873. 

Smith,  Arthur,  was  born  in  Isle-of-Wight 
County,  Virginia,  November  15,  1785;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary 
College;  studied  law,  but  never  practised;  served  in 
the  war  of  1812  at  the  defence  of  Norfolk;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Privy  Council ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  defeating  John  C.  Gray  by  341  majority; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving 
1,600  votes  against  1,277  votes  for  Estill,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  at 
Smithsficld,  Virginia,  March  30,  1853. 

Smith,  Baliard,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Six 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  4,  1815, 
to  March  3,  1821. 

Smith,  Bernard,  was  born  at  Norristown,  New 
Jersey,  in  1776;  received  an  academic  education; 
held  an  office  at  Washington  City;  was  sent  to  Eu 
rope  as  bearer  of  despatches ;  was  postmaster  at  New 
Brunswick ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  was  appointed 
register  of  the  land-office  at  Little  Rock,  and  sub- 
agent  to  the  Quapaw  Indians;  was  private  secretary 
to  Governor  Izzard;  died  at  Little  Rock,  Arkansas, 
July  16,  1,^35. 

Smith,  Caleb  Blood,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts,  April  16,  1808;  removed  with  his  parents 
to  Ohio  in  1814;  was  educated  at  the  Miami  Uni 
versity;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Connersville,  Indiana;  found 
ed  and  edited  "  The  Indiana  Sentinel"  in  1832;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
183-5-1836,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was 
grand  master  of  Freemasons  in  Ohio  in  1837;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,097  votes 
against  3,442  votes  for  C.  H.  Test,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  4,988 
votes  against  3,540  votes  for  Test,  Democrat,  serving 


from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket 
in  1840;  was  appointed  by  President  Taylor  a  member 
of  the  commission  for  investigating  the  claims  of 
American  citizens  against  Mexico;  removed  to  Cin 
cinnati,  where  he  practised  his  profession ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Fremont  ticket  in  1856; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  secretary  of  the 
interior,  serving"  from  March  5,  1861,  until  "Decem 
ber,  1862,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed 
United-States  judge  for"the  district  of  Indiana ;  died 
at  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  January  8,  18G4. 

Smith,  Charles,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but 
did  not  take  his  seat. 

Smith,  Daniel,  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers 
in  Tennessee;  was  appointed  by  President  Washing 
ton  secretary  of  the  territory  south  of  the  Ohio  River 
January  7,  1790;  was  a  general  of  militia;  was  ap 
pointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Tennessee  (in 
place  of  Andrew  Jackson,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  3,  1798,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  elected  a 
senator  from  Tennessee,  serving  from  December  2, 
1805,  to  1809,  when  he  resigned ;  died  in  July,  1818. 

Smith,  Delazon,  was  born  at  New  Berlin,  New 
York;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  Oberlin  Collegiate  Institute  of  Ohio  in  1837; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  be 
came  editor  of  "  The  True  Jeffcrsonian  "  at  Roches 
ter,  New  York,  and  subsequently  of  "  The  Western 
Empire"  at  Dayton,  Ohio;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Tyler  special  commissioner  to  Quito;  removed 
to  Iowa  Territory  in  1846,  and  became  a  licensed 
Methodist-Episcopal  preacher;  removed  from  there 
to  Oregon  Territory  in  1852;  was  a  member  of  the 
Territorial  House  of  Representatives  in  1854-1856; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  that  framed  a  State 
Constitution  in  1857;  was  elected  one  of  the  first 
United-States  senators  from  Oregon  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  February  14,  1859,  to  March  3,  1859; 
died  at  Portland,  Oregon,  November  17,  1860. 

Smith,  Edward  Henry,  was  born  at  Smith- 
town,  Long  Island,  in  1809;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  reared  a  farmer,  and  engaged  in  .agri 
cultural  pursuits ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Fusion  candidate,  receiving  11,882  votes  against 
10,631  votes  for  Carter,  Republican,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  March  3.  1863. 

Smith,  Francis  O.  J.,  was  born  in  Maine 
(then  a  part  of  Massachusetts) ;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Portland ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1831 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1833,  and  its  presi 
dent  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating 
Sewall  and  Worthington,  both  Democrats;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  394 
majority;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  by  Albert  Smith,  Democrat ; 
was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  clerk  of  the 
House  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  although  the 
Whig  candidate  for  speaker  of  the  House  was  chosen ; 
was  prominently  engaged  in  introducing  electric  tele 
graphs;  died  at  Deering,  Maine,  in  1876. 

Smith,  George,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eleventh  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  May 
22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1813. 

Smith,  George  L.,  was  born  in  Hillsborough 
County,  New  Hampshire,  December  11, 1840 ;  received 
a  collegiate  education;  served  in  the  Union  army; 
settled  in  Louisiana  at  the  closo  of  the  war,  and  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  business;  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  General  Assembly  of  Louisiana  in  1870  and 
1871,  and  re-elected  in  1872;  was  proprietor  of  "The 
Shreyeport  South- Western  Telegram;"  is  president 


628 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


of  the  Shreveport  Savings  Bank  and  Trust  Company; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican  (to  lill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel  Peters,  mem 
ber  elect)  without  opposition,  receiving  13,897  votes, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1873,  serving  to  March 
3, 1875. 

Smith,  Gerrit,  was  born  at  Utica,  New  York, 
March  <>,  1797;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Hamilton  College  in  1818;  studied  law,  but 
did  not  then  enter  into  general  practice,  his  time 
being  taken  up  with  the  management  of  the  large 
landed  estate  which  he  inherited;  he  identified  him 
self  with  the  Autislavery  party  in  1853,  and  was  then 
admitted  to  the  bar;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  an 
Ultra  Abolitionist,  receiving  8,049  votes  against  0,206 
votes  for  Hough,  Democrat,  and  5,620  votes  for 
Ten  Eyck,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
1854,  when  he  resigned;  his  mind  was  somewhat 
troubled  after  the  arrest  of  John  Brown;  he  died  at 
New  York  December  28,  1874.  He  published  "  Ser 
mons  and  Speeches,"  "Theologies,"  "Nature  the 
Base  of  a  Free  Theology,"  "The  Religion  of  Rea 
son,"  and  many  political  and  autislavery  tracts  and 
speeches. 

Smith,  Green  Clay  (son  of  John  Speed  Smith), 
was  born  at  Richmond,  Kentucky,  July  2,  183 J;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Transyl 
vania  University  in  1849 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1852,  and  commenced  practice ;  was  a 
school  commissioner  1853-1857 ;  served  in  the  Mexi 
can  war  as  second  lieutenant  in  Humphrey  Marshall's 
Kentucky  Mounted  Volunteers  June,  1846-July,  1S47; 
entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as  colonel  of  the 
Fourth  Kentucky  Cavalry;  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  in  1862,  and  major-general  in  1863;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Union  candidate,  receiving  6,936 
votes  against  2,283  votes  Tor  Menzies,  Democrat,  and 
1,970  votes  for  Leathers,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  7,666  votes 
against  6,421  votes  for  A.  H.  Ward,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1863,  to  1866,  when  he  re 
signed,  having  been  appointed  by  President  Johnson 
governor  of  Montana,  which  position  he  filled  until 
1869;  became  a  preacher  in  the  Baptist  Church. 

Smith,  H.  Boardman,  was  born  at  Whiting- 
ham,  Vermont,  August  18,  1826;  graduated  at  Wil 
liams  College,  Massachusetts,  in  1847 ;  studied  law,  and 
practises ;  was  appointed  by  the  governor  of  New  York 
judge  of  the  Chemung-county  courts  in  September, 
1859,  and,  in  the  following  November,  was  elect 
ed  to  the  same  office;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  16,276  votes  against  13,352 
votes  for  Robinson,  Democrat;  Avas  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  13,284  votes  against 
10,481  votes  for  R.  U.  Sherman,  Liberal  and  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Smith,  Isaac,  was  born  in  New  Jersey ;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1755;  was  a  tutor  in  that  college ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Fourth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  appointed  by 
President  Washington  a  commissioner  to  negotiate  a 
treaty  with  the  Seneca  Indians ;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  New  Jersey;  died  in  1807. 

Smith,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815. 
^Smith,  Israel,  was  born  in  Connecticut  April  4, 
1759;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yah;  College  in  1781;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Rupert,  Ver 
mont,  removing  subsequently  to  Rutland;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 


a  delegate  to  the  convention  that  adopted  the  Federal 
Constitution  in  1791 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Second  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses, 
serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  2,  1793;  was 
appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  in  1797; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Vermont,  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  to  1807,  when  he  resigned  to  serve 
as  governor  of  Vermont  1807-1808;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  in  1809;  died  at  Rutland,  Vermont,  De 
cember  2,  1810. 

Smith,  James,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1720; 
came  to  the  United  States  with  his  father  in  1729 ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Shippenport,  but  afterward  removed  to  York;  was 
active  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements,  and  in  1774 
raised  the  first  volunteer  company  in  Pennsylvania 
for  the  purpose  of  resisting  Great  Britain;  was  a  del 
egate  to  the  Pennsylvania  Convention  of  January, 
1775;  was  a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress 
1776-1778;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1780;  died  at  York,  Pennsylvania, 
July  11,  1806.  He  published  an  "Essay on  the  Con 
stitutional  Power  of  Great  Britain  over  the  Colonies 
in  America." 

Smith,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
North  Carolina;  studied  medicine,  and  practised  at 
Hillsborough ;  was  elected  a  representative  in  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1821. 

Smith,  Jedediah  K.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1770;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from  October  23,  1807, 
to  March  3, 1809;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  for  Hillsborough  County;  was  a  State  coun 
cillor;  died  in  1828. 

Smith,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Peterborough, 
New  Hampshire,  November  29,  1759;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  army,  and  was  wounded  in  the  battle 
of  Bennington  ;  received  a  classical  education; 
graduated  at  Rutgers  College,  New  Jersey,  in  1780; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Dover,  New  Hampshire;  wras 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Second  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving 
from  October  24,  1791,  to  1797,  when  he  resigned; 
was  United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of  New 
Hampshire  1798-1800;  was  appointed  by  President 
John  Adams  judge  of  the  United-States  Circuit 
Court,  but  did  not  accept  the  office;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  in  1809;  was  governor  of  New  Hamp 
shire  1809-1810;  was  for  several  years  chief  justice 
of  the  State  Superior  Court;  died  at  Dover,  Septem 
ber  21,  1842.  He  published  "  Sketch  of  Judge  Caleb 
Ellis." 

Smith,  John,  was  born  at  Brookhaven,  New 
York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1784-1799;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fifth  Congress  (in  the  place 
of  Jonathan  N.  Haven,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  1,599  votes  against  1,098  votes  for  S.  Wrood, 
Federalist,  and  150  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Congresses,  serving  from 
February  6,  1799,  to  February  23,  1804,  when  he  took 
his  seat  as  a  United-States  senator  from  New  York  (in 
place  of  De  Witt  Clinton,  resigned),  serving  to  March 
3,  1813;  was  appointed  by  President  Madison  in 
1813  United-States  marshal  for  the  district  of  New 
York;  died  at  Brookhaven,  New  York,  August  9, 
1816. 

Smith,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Seventh  Coil- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


629 


gress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  lo  the  Eighth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7, 1801,  to  March 
2,  1815 ;  died  in  March,  1836. 

Smith,  John,  was  born  in  1735 ;  was  elected  one 
of  the  first  United-States  senators  from  Ohio  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  April  21,  1803,  to  February 
23,  1808,  when  he  resigned;  he  had  been  charged 
with  having  been  connected  with  Burr  and  Blen- 
nerhasset,  and  a  motion  was  made  in  the  Senate  to 
expel  him,  but  it  failed  by  one  vote,  and  he  then  re 
signed;  died  July  10,  1816. 

Smith,  John,  was  born  at  Barre,  Massachusetts, 
August  14,  1789;  received  a  public-school  education; 
removed  when  a  boy  to  St.  Albans,  Vermont ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  State's  attorney  for  Franklin  County 
1826-1832;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly 
for  nine  successive  years,  serving  as  speaker  in  1831, 
1832,  and  1833;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Vermont  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  by  460  majority,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  a  candidate  for  re-election, 
but  was  defeated  by  Augustus  Young,  Whig,  who  re 
ceived  1,335  majority;  resumed  practice,  and  a  few 
years  afterwards  became  interested  in  railroad  pro 
jects;  died  at  St.  Albans,  Vermont,  November  26, 
1858. 

Smith,  John  A.,  was  born  at  Hillsborough, 
Ohio,  September  23,  1814;  graduated  at  Miami  Uni 
versity;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of 
the  Ohio  legislature  in  1841  and  1842 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Ohio  in 
1851 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  12,199  votes 
against  11,827  votes  for  J.  W.  Denver,  Democrat,  and 
326  votes  for  Loudon,  Independent  candidate,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Smith,  John  Ambler,  was  born  at  Village 
View,  near  Dinwiddie  Court  House,  Virginia,  Sep 
tember  23,  1847;  was  educated  at  David  Turner's 
high  school  at  Eichmond,  Virginia;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867,  and  practises  his 
profession;  was  appointed  in  1868  commissioner  in 
chancery  of  the  courts  of  Richmond,  and  was  Com 
monwealth  attorney  of  Charles-City  and  New-Kent 
Counties  for  one  year;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  of  Virginia  as  a  Republican  in  1869,  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,082 
votes  against  12,514  votes  for  G.  D.  Wise,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875; 
practised  law  at  Washington  City. 

Smith,  John  Cotton,  was  born  at  Sharon, 
Connecticut,  February  12,  1765;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1783; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Sharon;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1793,  1796-1800, 
serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Sixth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Jonathan  Brace,  resigned)  as  a  Federalist; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth 
Congresses,  serving  from  November  17,  1800,  to  Au 
gust.  1806,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Northern  Society  of  Antiquarians  in  Copenhagen, 
and  of  the  Connecticut  Historical  Society;  was  one 
of  the  original  vice-presidents  of  the  American  Bible 
Society;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  in  1809, 
lieutenant-governor  in  1810,  and  governor  of  Con 
necticut  in  181:3-1818;  died  at  Sharon,  Connecticut, 
December  7,  1845.  His  "Eulogy,"  by  Rev.  W.  W. 
Andrews,  before  the  Connecticut  Historical  Society, 
was  published  in  1847. 

Smith,  John  Q.,  was  born  in  Warren  County, 
Ohio,  Novembers,  1824;  was  educated  at  the  com 
mon  schools;  is  a  farmer;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1860-1861,  and  1872-1873; 
was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  House  of  Representatives 


in  1862  and  1863;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  14,929  votes  against  13,700  votes  for 
John  W.  Sohn,  Liberal,  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Smith,  John  Speed  (father  of  Green  Clay 
Smith),  was  born  in  Jessamine  County,  Kentucky, 
July  31,  1792;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  in  the  campaigns  against  the  Indians  under 
General  Harrison,  whose  aide-de-camp  he  was  at 
the  battle  of  the  Thames  in  1813;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1819;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,631 
majority  over  Stephen  Richardson,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  served  several 
terms  as  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  was  speaker  in  1827;  was  appointed 
by  President  Jackson  United-States  attorney  for  the 
district  of  Kentucky;  was  for  several  years  State 
superintendent  of  public  works  of  Kentucky;  died 
at  Richmond,  Kentucky,  June  6,  1854. 

Smith,  John  T.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  851  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Smith,  Jonathan  B.,  was  born  at  Philadel 
phia;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1760;  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1777- 
1778. 

Smith,  Joseph  S.,  was  born  inFayette  County, 
Pennsylvania,  June  20,  1824;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  in  1855 
he  was  prosccuting-attorney  of  the  Third  Judicial 
District  of  Washington  Territory;  was  afterwards 
elected  to  the  legislature,  and  was  speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  that  Territory;  under 
President  Buchanan's  administration,  was  United- 
States  district-attorney  for  Washington  Territory  for 
two  years,  but  resigned  on  his  removal  to  Oregon ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Oregon  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,789 
votes  against  10,580  votes  for  Logan,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Smith,  Josiah,  was  born  at  Pembroke,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  1745;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1774;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  returning  from 
Washington,  he  took  the  small-pox  while  passing 
through  New  York,  and  died  after  his  arrival  at 
home,  March  28,  1803. 

Smith,  Melancthon,  was  born  at  New  York ; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1785-1788;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1792. 

Smith,  Merriwether,  was  born  in  Essex  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  received  an  academical  education;  was 
for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Colonial,  and  subse 
quently  the  State,  House  of  Representatives ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Revolutionary  Conventions  of  1775  and 
1770;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention  that 
adopted  the  Federal  Constitution;  was  a  delegate 
from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1782 ; 
died  at  an  advanced  age. 

Smith,  Nathan,  was  born  at  Roxbury,  Con 
necticut,  in  1770;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  Law  School ;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  New  Haven ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  for 
several  years;  was  State's  attorney  for  New-Haven 
County;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Hartford  Convention 
of  Federalists  in  1814;  was  United-States  attorney 
for  the  district  of  Connecticut;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Connecticut  as  a  Whig,  serving 


G30 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


from  December  2,  1833,  to  December  6,  1835,  when 
he  died  at  AVashington. 

Smith,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Woodbnry, 
Connecticut,  January  (i,  1702;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  iu  1789,  and  commenced  practice  at  Woodbury; 
was  a  member  at  different  times  of  the  State  Senate 
and  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Fourth  Congress 
as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1705,  to  March  3,  1790; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Connecticut 
179(5-1819;  died  at  Woodbury,  Connecticut,  March 
9,  1822. 

Smith,  O'Brien,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  18(15,  to  March  3,  1807. 

Smith,  Oliver  Hampton,  was  born  near  Tren 
ton,  New  Jersey,  October  23,  1794 ;  removed  to  Indi 
ana  in  1817;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Indianapolis;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1822;  was  prosecuting- 
attorney  for  the  Third  Judicial  District  in  1824  and 
1825;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  1,371  majority  over  Itatcliff  Boon,  Clay  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3, 
1829;  was  defeated  by  Ratcliff  Boon  as  a  candidate 
for  the  Twentieth  Congress ;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Indiana  as  a  Whig,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843;  declined  in  1845 
to  be  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  of  Indiana; 
died  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  March  19,  1849.  He 
published  "Recollections  of  Congressional  Life." 

Smith,  Perry,  was  born  at  Washington,  Con 
necticut;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law 
at  the  Litchfield  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1807,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Milford, 
Connecticut;  was  for  four  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  was  judge  of  probate 
for  Litchlield  County  for  two  years;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Connecticut  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1843;  died  at  New  Milford,  Connecticut,  in  1852. 

Smith,  R.  Barnwell,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress.  He  had  his  name  changed  in  September, 
1837,  by  the  Court  of  Equity,  to  It.  Barnwell  Rhett, 
to  inherit  a  legacy,  to  the  possession  of  which  the 
assumption  of  the  name  of  Rhett  was  made  obli 
gatory. 

Smith,  Richard,  was  a  delegate  from  New  Jer 
sey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776. 

Smith,  Robert,  was  born  at  Peterborough,  New 
Hampshire,  June  12,  1802;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  removed  to  Alton, 
Illinois,  in  1832;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  183G-1840;  was  enrolling-clerk  of 
that  House  1840-1843;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  1,778  majority;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  4,001  ma 
jority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  1,991  majority  over  Trumbull,  regularly  nom 
inated  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1849 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  11,299  votes  against  7,512  votes 
for  Lansing^  Republican,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  served  in  the  Union  army  as 
paymaster;  died  at  Alton,  Illinois,  December  21, 
1807. 

Smith,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Lancaster  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  July  27,  1752;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  entered  his  father's  counting-room 
at  Baltimore,  and  in  1771  visited  Europe  as  a  super 
cargo  of  one  of  his  father's  vessels;  served  gallantly 
in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  captain,  major,  and 
colonel,  receiving  several  wounds;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature;  was  elected  a  representative 


from  Maryland  in  the  Third  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  and 
Seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
to  March  3,  1803;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Maryland,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to 
March  2,  1815;  commanded  the  Maryland  troops  at 
the  successful  defence  of  Baltimore  in  1812;  was 
again  elected  a  representative  (in  place  of  Nicholas  R. 
Moore,  resigned),  serving  from  February  4,  lyiO,  to 
December  17,  1822,  when  he  again  took  his  seat  as 
senator  (in  place  of  William  Pinkney,  deceased), 
serving  to  March  2,  1833;  in  1835  he  was  called  by 
the  citizens  of  Baltimore  to  organize  a  force,  ami  put 
down  a  mob  which  had  possession  of  the  city ;  was 
elected  mayor  of  Baltimore,  and  died  there  very  sud 
denly  April  23,  1839. 

Smith,  Samuel,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Ninth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Smith,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Peterborough, 
New  Hampshire,  in  1707;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  reared  on  a  farm;  became  a  manu 
facturer  of  paper;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  on  the 
"Peace"  ticket  headed  by  Daniel  Webster,  receiving 
18,509  votes  against  15,927  votes  for  J.  Johnson.  War 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2, 
1815;  died  at  Peterborough,  New  Hampshire,  Janu 
ary  17,  1842. 

Smith,  Samuel  A.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Doylestovvn ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  TAventy- 
second  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  2,  1833. 

Smith,  Samuel  A.,  was  born  in  Monroe  Coun 
ty,  Tennessee,  June  20,  1822 ;  was  reared  on  a  farm ; 
received  a  public-school  education;  taught  school 
while  he  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845,  and  commenced  practice  at  Charleston,  Ten 
nessee;  was  State's  attorney  for  the  Third  Judicial 
Circuit  1845-1848;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1848;  was 
defeated  as  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and 
Butler  ticket  in  1848,  and  on  the  Pierce  and  King 
ticket  in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,703  votes  against  0,180  votes  for  Van 
Dyke,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,872  votes  against  7,331  votes  for 
Anderson,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
tifth  Congress,  receiving  7,062  votes  agianst  0,800 
votes  for  Heiskell,  American,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Buchanan  commissioner  of  the  General  Land 
Office,  serving  from  January  18, 1860,  to  February  12, 
1800,  when  he  resigned. 

Smith,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Scotland ;  immi 
grated  to  the  United  States  at  an  early  age,  and 
located  at  Bedford,  Pennsylvania,  February  9,  1709; 
was  deputy-surveyor,  prothonotary,  clerk  of  the  ses 
sions,  and  county-recorder;  served  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  war  as  colonel  of  militia ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1776;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1782; 
was  president-judge  of  his  judicial  district  1791- 
1794 ;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsyl 
vania  1794-1809;  died  at  Bedford,  Pennsylvania, 
June  10,  1809. 

Smith,  Thomas,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  receiving  802  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3r  1817. 

Smith,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in 
1800;  removed  to  Indiana  when  a  boy;  was  appren 
ticed  to  a  tanner  at  Rising  Sun;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  Versailles,  Indiana; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  was  elected  a 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


631 


representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  7,021  votes  against  6,766  votes  for  Matson, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Smith,  Truman,  was  borii  at  Roxbury,  Con 
necticut,  November  27,  1791;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1815; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Litchtield,  Connecticut;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1831,  1832,  and  1834;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  3,988  votes  against  3,526  votes  for 
Charles  13.  Phelps,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  83G  majority, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  and  Freling- 
huysen  ticket  in  1844;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1849 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Connecticut,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
April  11,  1854,  when  he  resigned;  removed  to  New 
York;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  judge  of 
the  Slave-trade  Court  under  the  treaty  with  Great 
Britain  of  1802,  and  held  the  position  until  the  court 
was  abolished. 

^Smith,  William,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1730;  was  an  ardent  supporter  of  the  Revolution; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
Maryland  1777-1778;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  First  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  was 
appointed  by  President  Washington  auditor  of  the 
treasury  July  16,  1791-November  28,  1791;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Washington  ticket  in  1792; 
died  at  Baltimore  March  27,  1814. 

Smith,  William,  was  born  in  South  Carolina ; 
received  a  classical  education;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  the  Pinckney  District  of  South  Caroli 
na  as  a  Federalist  in  the  First  Congress ;  and  wras 
re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth 
Congresses,  serving  from  May  25,  1789,  to  July  10, 
1797,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  min 
ister  to  Portugal,  serving  until  September  9,  1801; 
died  on  his  plantation  in.  South  Carolina  in  1812. 
He  published  "  A  Comparative  View  of  the  Consti 
tutions  of  the  States  and  of  the  United  States,"  a 
pamphlet  against  the  pretensions  of  Jefferson  to  the 
presidency,  and  an  address  to  his  constituents.  His 
speeches  and  letters  to  his  constituents  were  repub- 
lished  in  London  in  1795. 

Smith,  William,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina  in  1702,  but  migrated  to  York  District,  South 
Carolina,  when  very  young  and  poor;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Mount-Zion 
College,  Winnsborough;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  at  Charleston  January  6,  1784,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  York  District;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and  a  State  senator  1806-1808,  when  he  was 
elected  judge;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  (to  fill  a  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  John  Taylor)  as  a 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  in  1817,  serving  from 
January  10,  1817,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  the  Union 
candidate  for  re-election,  but  was  defeated  by  R.  Y. 
Hayne,  Nullifier;  was  again  elected  a  senator  (to  fill 
a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  John  Gaillard), 
serving  from  1826  to  March  3,  1831;  was  the  Union 
candidate  for  re-election,  but  was  defeated  by  S.  D. 
Miller,  Nullifier;  he  was  twice  elected  president  pro 
tempore  of  the  Senate ;  he  was  offered  and  declined 
the  appointment  of  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 


the  United  States;  in  1829  he  received  the  seven 
electoral  votes  of  Georgia  for  Vice-President;  differ 
ing  with  Mr.  Calhoun  on  the  question  of  nullifica 
tion,  he  removed  to  Huntsville,  Alabama,  in  1833 ;  he 
declined  the  appointment  of  associate  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  tendered  him  by 
President  Jackson  in  1830;  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  Alabama  1835-1839;  owning 
profitable  plantations  in  Alabama,  Mississippi,  and 
Louisiana,  he  was  a  millionnaire;  and  he  died  at 
Huntsville  June  26,  1840. 

Smith,  William,  was  born  at  Chesterfield,  Vir- 


elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  169 
majority  over  Leftwich;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  85  majority  over 
Thomas  Marshall,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 
March_3,<1827. 

Smitn,  William,  was  born  in  King  George 
County,  Virginia,  September  6,  1797;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Culpepper  Court 
House ;  established  a  line  of  mail-coaches  from 
Washington  City  to  Milledgeville,  Georgia;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1836  and  in  1840; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (having  successfully  con 
tested  the  election  of  Linn  Banks)  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
was  governor  of  Virginia  1845-1848 ;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  4,223  votes 
against  3,931  votes  for  Snowden,  Whig;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  no  oppo 
sition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  5,332  votes  against  3,941  votes  for  Snowden, 
American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,147  votes  against  4,845  votes  for 
Thomas,  Opposition,  and  430  votes  for  Shackelford, 
Independent  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  First  Confederate  Congress,  serving 
from  February  22,  1862,  to  August  12,  1863,  when  he 
resigned  to  accept  a  brigadier-general's  commission 
in  the  Confederate  army;  was  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  major-general  August  13,  1863,  and  resigned  De 
cember  31,  1863;  was  governor  of  Virginia  from 
January  1,  1804,  until  the  overthrow  of  the  Confed 
eracy. 

Smith,  William  Alexander,  was  born  in 
Warren  County,  North  Carolina,  January  9,  1828; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  a  fanner; 
was  a  member  of  the  Secession  Convention  of  North 
Carolina  in  1861,  of  the  State  legislature  in  1864,  of 
the  Constitutional  Convention  in  18(i5,  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1870;  was  elected  president  of  the  North- 
Carolina  Railroad  in  1868,  and  of  the  Yadkin- 
River  Railroad;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  13,879  votes  against  13,146 
votes  for  S.  H.  Rogers,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Smith,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Augusta, 
Georgia,  March  14,  1829;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
May,  1848,  under  a  special  act  of  the  legislature,  and 
practised;  was  also  a  planter;  was  elected  ordinary 
of  Dougherty  County,  Georgia,  in  1853;  was  elected 
solicitor-general  of  the  South-west  Circuit  in  1858, 
and  the  same  year  was  appointed  by  Governor  Brown 
to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  John  W.  Evans ;  was 
nominated  as  the  candidate  of  the  Union  party  in 
Dougherty  County  for  the  State  Convention  in  1860, 
but  ^leclined  in  favor  of  Lott  Warren;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  a  volunteer  in  the  Fourth 
Georgia  Volunteers  after  the  State  seceded;  was 
elected  captain  in  April,  1862;  lost  a  leg  in  the  de 
fence  of  Richmond  at  King's  School  House  June  25, 
1862;  was  elected  to  the  Confederate  Congress  in 


632 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1863 ;  was  tendered  the  office  of  circuit-judge  in  1874 
by  Governor  Smith,  but  declined ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,108  votes  against 
9,780  votes  for  R.  H.  Whiteley,  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
13,627  votes  against  8,015  votes  for  R.  H.  Whiteley, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875, 

Smith,  William  J.,  was  born  at  Birmingham, 
England,  September  24,  1823;  came  to  the  United 
States  when  very  young;  received  a  good  public- 
school  education;  learned  the  painter's  trade  in  Go- 
shen,  Orange  County,  New  York;  removed  to  the 
South  in  1846;  joined  a  Tennessee  regiment  at  the 
commencement  of  the  war  with  Mexico,  and  served 
until  its  close ;  was  engaged  in  painting  at  Memphis 
for  ten  years,  and  then  went  into  the  horticultural 
business  in  Hardeman  County;  at  the  commence 
ment  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  persecuted  and  arrested 
on  account  of  his  devotion  to  the  Union  cause,  and, 
after  his  release,  he  acted  as  guide  for  the  Federal 
troops;  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  First  West- 
Tennessee  Cavalry,  afterwards  re-organized  as  the 
Sixth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  and  was  promoted  through 
the  different  grades  until  he  became  brevet  brigadier- 
general;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives,  serving  for  two  years  and  a  half, 
and  was  then  elected  to  the  State  Senate;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  5,393  legal  votes  against 
4,082  votes  for  Leftwich,  Democrat,  and  2,439  votes 
for  Nunn,  Independent  Republican,  serving  from 
Marcli  4,  18G9,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Smith,  William  N.  H.,  was  born  at  Murfrees- 
borough,  North  Carolina,  September  24,  1812;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1834;  studied  law  in  New  Haven  for  two 
years;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Murfreesborough,  North  Carolina; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
of  North  Carolina  in  1840,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1848;  was  chosen,  while  a  senator,  solicitor  of  the 
First  Judicial  District  of  North  Carolina,  and  held  the 
position  for  nine  years ;  was  defeated  by  38  votes  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  Congress;  was  again  elected 
to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1858,  but 
resigned  when  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  State- 
rights  American,  receiving  6,045  votes  against  5,531 
votes  for  Shaw,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  until  March  3,  1861 ;  was  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  First  Confederate  Congress; 
was  a  member  of  the  Democratic  National  Conven 
tion  of  18G8  which  nominated  Seymour  and  Blair; 
was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
North  Carolina  January  10,  1878. 

Smith,  William  tlussell,  was  born  at  Tusca- 
loosa,  Alabama;  received  a  classical  education,  and 
was  at  the  University  of  Alabama,  but  did  not  gradu 
ate;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Greensborough,  Alabama; 
commanded  a  company  of  volunteers  in  the  hostili 
ties  against  the  Creek  Indians  in  1836;  removed  to 
Tuscaloosa  in  1838;  edited  "The  Monitor,"  and  was 
elected  mayor  in  1839;  was  elected  to  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1842  and  1843,  and  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  State  Senate  in  1843; 
removed  to  Fayette  County;  was  elected  brigadier- 
general  of  militia,  and  judge  of  the  Seventh  Judicial 
Circuit ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Union  Whig,  re 
ceiving  4,164  votes  against  4,114  votes  for  John 
Erwin,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,021  votes  against 
2,964  votes  for  S.  Moore,  Democrat,  and  2,744  votes 
for  Hale,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  National  American,  receiving  5,089 
votes  against  3,341  votes  forS.  Moore,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  1, 1851,  to  March  3, 1857;  was  de 


feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  by 
Sydenham  Moore ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
vention  of  1861,  and  an  active  opponent  of  secession ; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Confederate  Con 
gress  in  1861,  and  re-elected  in  1863;  was  president  of 
the  University  of  Alabama  for  several  years  after  the 
Avar,  and  then  devoted  himself  to  his  profession  and 
to  literary  pursuits.  He  is  the  author  of  "Smith's 
Alabama  Justice,"  "  Smith's  Digest  of  the  Opinions 
of  the  Supreme  Court,"  and  several  poetical  works. 

Smith,  William  Stephens,  was  born  in  New 
York  in  1755;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  New-Jersey  College  in  1774;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  aide-de-camp  to  General  Sul 
livan  in  1776;  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Thir 
teenth  Massachusetts  Infantry  from  November,  1778, 
to  March,  1779;  was  for  a  short  time  on  the  staff  of 
General  Steuben,  and  then  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Washington  until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  appoint 
ed  by  President  Washington  secretary  of  legation  at 
London;  was  surveyor  of  the  port  of  New  York;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to 
March  2,  1815;  died  at  Lebanon,  New  York,  June 
10,  1816. 

Smith,  Worthington  C.,  was  born  at  St.  Al- 
bans,  Vermont,  April  23,  1823;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Vermont;  studied,  but  did  not  practise, 
law;  was  largely  interested  in  the  manufacture  and 
sale  of  iron ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  of  Vermont  in  1863 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  Vermont  in  1864  and  1865, 
and  was  its  presiding  officer  pro  tcmpore  during  the 
last  term ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont 
in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
5,739  votes  against  2,794  votes  for  Aldis,  Republican, 
and  2,680  votes  forBrigham,  Democrat;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  11,105  votes 
against  4,337  votes  for  Brigham,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
9,116  votes  against  3,047  votes  for  H.  Gillett,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Smithers,  Nathaniel  B.,  was  born  at  Dover, 
Delaware,  Octobers,  1818;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Lafayette  College,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1836;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1840,  and  commenced  practice  at  Dover;  was 
clerk  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1845 
and  1847;  was  appointed,  in  January,  1863,  secretary 
of  state  for  Delaware,  but  resigned  in  a  few  months; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Delaware  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,220  votes  against  13  votes  for  Brown,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  Marcli  3,  1865; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  at  Baltimore  in  1864. 

Smyth,  Alexander,  was  born  on  the  Island  of 
Rathlin,  Ireland,  in  1765;  immigrated  to  the  United 
States  in  1775?>and  located  in  Bourtetourt  County,  Vir 
ginia;  receive'd  an  academic  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1789,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Abingdon;  removed  in  1792  to 
Wythe  County;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1792,  1796,  1800,  1804-1808; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  colonel  of  a 
United-States  riile  regiment,  which  he  commanded 
at  the  South-West  until  1811,  when  he  was  ordered 
to  Washington  to  prepare  a  system  of  discipline  for 
the  army;  was  appointed  inspector-general  in  1812, 
and  ordered  to  the  Canadian  frontier,  where  he 
failed  in  an  invasion  of  Canada,  and  left  the  army; 
resumed  his  practice;  was  appointed  a  member  of 
the  State  Board  of  Public  Works ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  1,443  votes  against 
711  votes  for  Estill;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1825 ;  was  again 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


633 


elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  2,604 
votes  against  991  votes  for  Sharp;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December 
3,  1827,  to  April  17,  1830,  when  he  died  at  Washing 
ton  City.  He  published  "Regulations  for  United- 
States  Infantry,"  and  "Remarks  on  the  Apoca 
lypse." 

Smyth,  George  W.,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  removed  to  Texas,  and  located  at  Jasper;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Texas  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  no  oppo 
sition,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1855. 

Smyth,  William,  was  born  in  Tyrone  County, 
near  Londonderry,  Ireland,  January  3,  1824;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  came  to  Pennsylvania 
in  1838;  taught  school;  was  clerk  in  a  store;  re 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1844;  studied  law  in  Iowa  City; 
commenced  practice  in  Marion  in  1847;  was  ap 
pointed  prosecuting-attorney  of  Linn  County  in 
1848;  was  elected  and  re-elected  continuously  with 
out  opposition  to  the  same  office  as  a  Democrat  until 
the  fall  of  1853,  when,  on  the  death  of  Judge  Carle- 
ton,  he  was  appointed  judge  of  the  District  Court 
for  the  Fourth  Judicial  District,  Iowa;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  same  in  the  spring  of  1854  without  op 
position  ;  resigned  in  the  spring  of  1857,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  at  Marion ;  in  1858  was  appointed 
by  the  legislature  chairman  of  the  commission  to 
revise  and  codify  the  Jaws  of  the  State  (the  work  of 
the  commission,  with  some  legislative  amendments, 
is  the  revision  of  1860) ;  was  appointed  in  1860  chair 
man  of  the  commission  of  legal  inquiry  for  the  State 
for  six  years ;  in  1861  was  appointed  by  the  legisla 
ture  one  of  the  four  commissioners  to  act  in  con 
junction  with  Governor  Kirkwood  in  the  manage 
ment  and  direction  of  the  sale  of  the  war  and 
defence-fund  bonds  of  the  State  ;  was  commissioned 
colonel  of  the  Thirty-first  Regiment  Iowa  Infantry 
August  10,  1862 ;  resigned  December  15,  1864,  on  ac 
count  of  reduced  command,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  at  Marion ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Iowa  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  18,753  votes  against  13, 227  votes  forLeffing- 
well,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 1869,  to  March 
3,  1871. 

Snapp,  Henry,  was  born  in  Livingston  County, 
New  York,  June  30, 1822 ;  was  educated  in  Rochester, 
and  in  Homer,  Illinois,  after  his  removal  to  Illinois 
in  1833;  studied  law  in  Joliet;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1S43,  and  practised  twenty-five  years;  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  Illinois  in  1869,  and  served 
until  he  was  nominated  for  Congress  in  the  fall  of 
1871;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican  by  3,000 
majority  over  L.  Leland,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1S71,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Sneed,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
resided  at  Knoxville ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  6,246  votes  against  5,327  votes 
for  Cummins,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Snodgrass,  John  Fryall,  was  born  in  Berke 
ley  County,  Virginia,  March  2,  1804;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1843,  and  commenced  practice  at  Parkers- 
burg;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1850;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  4,712  votes  against  2,506  votes 
for  Sterritt,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853, 
to  June  5,  1854,  when  he  died  at  Parkersburg  while 
pleading  a  case  in  court. 

Snow,  William  D.,  was  born  in  the  State  of 
New  York;  published  "The  Rochester  Tribune"  at 
Rochester,  New  York,  1852-1854 ;  removed  to  Arkan 
sas,  and  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
that  State  in  1864  under  the  proclamation  of  Presi 
dent  Johnson ;  his  credentials  were  presented  at  the 


special  session  in  March,  1865 ;  when  an  attempt  was 
made,  in  February,  1866,  to  have  them  considered, 
they  were  laid  on  the  table  by  a  vote  of  29  ayes 
against  17  nays,  four  senators  being  absent. 

Snow,  William  W.,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  ;  removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Oneonta ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,664  votes  against  7,608  votes  for  Chase,  AVhig,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,^1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Snyder,  Adam  W.,  was  born  in  1801;  resided 
at  Belleville,  Illinois;  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  Illinois  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat,  receiving  3,116 
votes  against  3,202  votes  for  Reynolds,  Democrat, 
and  2,018  votes  for  Gate  wood,  Whig,  serving  from 
September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  by  Gatewood,  Whig;  was  nominated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of  Illinois,  but 
died,  before  the  election,  May  14,  1842,  at  Belleville. 

Snyder,  "John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
sided  at  Selinsgrove;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March 
3,  1843. 

Snyder,  Oliver  P.,  was  born  in  Missouri  No 
vember  13,  1833;  received  an  academic  education; 
removed  to  Arkansas  in  1853;  was  engaged  for  sev 
eral  years  in  scientific  and  literary  pursuits,  and  had 
charge  of  an  institution  of  learning;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assem 
bly  of  Arkansas  in  1864  and  1865;  was  elected  in  1867 
as  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention; 
was  chosen  in  1868  as  presidential  elector  on  the  Re 
publican  ticket;  was  elected  in  1868  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  for  four  years ;  was  appointed  in  18G8 
one  of  three  commissioners  to  revise  and  re-arrange 
the  statutes  of  Arkansas;  declined  congressional 
nominations  in  1865  and  1868,  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,742  votes  against 
8,357  votes  for  A.  A.  C.  Rogers,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  defeating  Mr.  L. 
Bell,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4, 1871,  to  March 
3,  1875. 

Sellers,  Augustus  R.,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
resided  at  Prince  Frederick;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31, 1841,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  3,815  votes  against  2,438  votes  for 
Jenifer,  Independent,  serving  from  December  5, 1853, 
to  March  3,  1855;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Fillmore  and  Donelson  ticket  in  1856. 

Somes,  Daniel  E.,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire ; 
removed  to  Biddeford,  Maine;  was  a  manufacturer; 
was  mayor  of  Biddeford  1855-1857;  was  president  of 
the  Biddeford  City  Bank  1856-1858 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,552  votes  against 
6,990  votes  for  Ira  T.  Drew,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861;  removed  to 
Washington  City,  and  became  a  claim-agent  and 
patent-attorney. 

Soule,  Nathan,  was  born  in  New  York;  resided 
at  Fort  Plain;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1837;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1831, 
to  March  2,  1833. 

Soul6,  Pierre,  was  born  at  Castillon,  France,  in 
1801 ;  was  sent  to  the  Jesuits'  College  at  Toulouse 
to  prepare  for  the  priesthood,  but  refused  to  proceed 
with  his  studies,  and  was  sent  to  an  academy  at  Bor 
deaux  ;  became  engaged  in  revolutionary  movements ; 
went  to  Paris,  where  he  taught,  and  became  an  ed 
itor;  was  sentenced  to  a  fine  and  imprisonment  for 
publishing  revolutionary  articles;  escaped  to  the 


634 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


United  States,  and  readied  New  Orleans  in  1825; 
studied  English  and  local  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Louisiana  (in  place  of  Alexander  Barrow,  deceased), 
sen-ing  from  February  3,  1847,  to  March  3,  1847 ;  was 
again  elected  a  senator,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  6,  1853,  when  he  resigned ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Pierce  minister  to  Spain,  serv 
ing  from  April  7,  1853,  to  January  1,  1855;  was  ar 
rested  at  New  Orleans  in  1862,  and  imprisoned  at 
Fort  Lafayette,  obtaining  his  release  on  condition 
that  he  would  not  return  to  the  South  until  the  sup 
pression  of  the  Rebellion;  died  at  New  Orleans 
March  26,  1870. 

Southard,  Henry  (feather  of  Samuel  L.  South 
ard),  was  born  on  Long  Island  October,  1749;  when 
he  was  eight  years  of  age,  his  father  removed  with 
him  to  Baskingridge,  New  Jersey;  was  reared  on  a 
farm,  and,  as  a  day-laborer,  earned  the  money  to 
purchase  a  homestead;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
Revolutionary  war;  was  for  nine  years  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses  on  a  general 
ticket,  receiving  on  the  last  trial  18,705  votes  against 
14,702  votes  for  his  Whig  opponent,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1811;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  4, 1815,  to  March  3, 1821 ;  died  at  Basking 
ridge,  New  Jersey,  June  2,  1842. 

Southard,  Isaac,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
sided  at  Somerville;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as 
a  Clay  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to 
March  2,  1833. 

Southard,  Milton  I.,  was  born  in  Licking 
County,  Ohio;  received  a  collegiate  education,  grad 
uating  at  Denison  University,  at  Granville,  Ohio,  in 
1861 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863, 
and  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice  continuously 
since ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  for  Muskin- 
gum  County  in  1867,  re-elected  in  1869,  and  again  in 
1871;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,109 
votes  against  12,638  votes  for  L.  P.  Marsh,  Republican ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
13,602  votes  against  9,651  votes  for  N.  Barnhill,  Re 
publican,  and  292  votes  for  Gertner,  Temperance ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,706 
votes  against  14,642  votes  for  J.  H.  Barnhill, "Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Southard,  Samuel  L.  (son  of  Henry  South 
ard),  was  born  at  Baskingridge,  New  Jersey,  June 
9,  1787 ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1804;  studied  law  while  a  tutor 
in  the  family  of  John  Taliaferro  of  Virginia;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  there,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Kensington,  New  Jersey;  was  appointed  in  1814  law- 
reporter  by  the  State  legislature;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1815,  and,  in  a 
week  after  taking  his  seat,  was  appointed  an  associate 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Jersey;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1820;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  Jersey  (in  place  of  James 
J.  Wilson,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  16,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  secretary  of  the 
navy  September  16,  1823-March  3,  1829,  during 
which  time  he  was  acting  secretary  of  the  treasury 
March  7, 1825- July  1, 1825,  and  also  acted  for  a  short 
period  as  secretary  of  war;  was  appointed  in  1829 
attorney-general  of  New  Jersey;  was  governor  of 
New  Jersey  in  1S32;  was  again  elected  a  United- 
States  senator,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
May  3,  1842,  when  he  resigned ;  died  at  Fredericks- 
burg,  Virginia,  June  26,  1842.  He  published  "Re 
ports  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Jersey  1816-1820, 
with  a  number  of  political  and  literary  addresses. 
Southgate,  William  W.,  was  bom  in  Ken 


tucky;  resided  at  Covington;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  300  majority  over  Phelps 
and  Trimble,  both  Democrats,  serving  from  Septem 
ber  4, 1837,  to  March  3, 1839 ;  was  a  presidential  elect 
or  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket  in  1840,  and  on 
the  Clay  and  Frelinghuysen  ticket  in  1844 ;  died  at 
Covington,  Kentucky,  December  26,  1844. 

Spaight,  Richard  Dpbbs  (father  of  Richard 
Dobbs  Spaight),  was  born  in  Craven  County,  North 
Carolina;  was  sent  to  Ireland,  where  he  commenced 
his  academic  studies,  and  completed  them  at  the 
University  of  Glasgow ;  returned  home  in  1778,  joined 
the  Continental  army  as  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Caswell,  and  was  at  the  battle  of  Camden  in  1780; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1781-1786  and  1792,  and  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1782-1784,  serving  in 
both  capacities;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention 
which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States 
in  1787;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1792; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  Fifth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
death  of  Nathan  Bryan) ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  10,  1798,  to 
March  3,  1801 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
North  Carolina  in  1801;  was  challenged  by  John 
Stanly;  the  parties  met  on  Sunday  afternoon,  and, 
on  the  exchange  of  the  fourth  fire,  Governor  Spaight 
received  a  wound  in  the  right  side,  of  which  he  died 
in  twenty-three  hours,  September  6,  1802. 

Spaight,  Richard  Dobbs  (son  of  Richard 
Dobbs  Spaight),  was  born  at  New  Berne,  North  Car 
olina,  in  1796;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1815; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  New  Berne ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Com 
mons  of  North  Carolina  in  1819,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1820-1822 ;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  December 
1,  1823,  until  March  3, 1825 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1824,  and  served  continuously  until 
1834 ;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1835-1837 ; 
devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  declined 
all  official  positions  until  he  died  November  2,  1850. 

Spalding,  Rufus  P.,  was  born  at  West  Tisbury, 
Massachusetts,  May  3,  1798;  went  with  his  parents 
to  Connecticut  when  young;  graduated  at  Yale 
College;  studied  law,  and  commenced  its  practice 
in  Trumbull  County,  Ohio;  Avas  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  Ohio  in  1839-1840,  and  again  in 
1841-1842,  serving  the  last  term  as  speaker  of  the 
House ;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Ohio  in  1849,  and  held  the  position  until  the  new 
State  Constitution  was  adopted,  when  he  resumed 
practice  at  Cleveland,  where  he  now  resides;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,293 
votes  against  4,183  votes  for  Paige,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
14,472  votes  against  6,661  votes  for  J.  H.  Wade, 
Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,479  votes  against-" 
7,974  votes  for  Payne,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Spalding,  Thomas,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Ninth  Congress  (having 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  Cowles  Mead), 
serving  from  December  25,  1805,  to  1806,  when  he 
resigned. 

Spangler,  David,  resided  at  Coshocton,  Ohio; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  at  Coshocton, 
Ohio,  October  18,  1856. 

Spangler,  Jacob,  was  born  in  1768 ;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  iu  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  . 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


635 


a  Wliig,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  April  20, 
1818,  when  he  resigned;  was  surveyor-general  of 
Pennsylvania;  died  at  York,  Pennsylvania,  June  17, 
184:-}. 

Sparks,  William  A.  J.,  was  born  near  New 
Albany,  Indiana,  November  19,  1828;  his  parents 
removed  to  Illinois  in  1836,  and  shortly  thereafter 
died ;  he,  in  early  boyhood,  dependent  upon  his  own 
exertions,  labored  on  a  farm,  and  at  intervals  at 
tended  country-schools ;  subsequently  taught  school, 
and  graduated  at  McKendree  College,  Illinois,  in 
1850;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851, 
and  subsequently  practised,  except  when  engaged  in 
official  duties;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce 
in  1853  United-States  land-receiver  for  the  Edwards- 
ville  (Illinois)  land-office,  and  held  that  office  until 
1857;  was  elected  a  presidential  elector  in  1856;  was 
elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
Illinois  185(3  and  1857,  and  to  the  State  Senate  (from 
the  Fourth  Senatorial  District)  1863  and  1864;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
New  York  in  1868;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  8,723  votes  against  7,932  votes  for 
James  S.  Martin,  Republican,  and  4,033  votes  for 
Rolla  B.  Henry,  Independent  Reformer;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,591 
votes  against  12,763  votes  for  E.  M.  Ashcraft,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Spaulding,  Elbridge  G.,  was  born  at  Summer 
Hill,  New  York,  February  24,  1809;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law  at  Batavia  and 
at  Attica,  supporting  himself  by  teaching  and  legal 
writing;  \vas  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Buffalo;  was  appointed  city-clerk 
in  1836;  was  elected  alderman  in  1841,  and  mayor  of 
Buffalo  in  1847 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1848;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  7,622  votes  against  3,408  votes  for 
Clinton,  Democrat,  and  2,367  votes  for  Wadsworth, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March 
3,  1851;  was  treasurer  of  the  State  of  New  Y'ork 
1854-1855;  took  an  active  part  in  organizing  the 
Republican  party;  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  Central  Committee,  and  in  1860  was  an 
active  member  of  the  Congressional  Executive  Com 
mittee  during  the  Lincoln  campaign;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Union 
candidate,  receiving  12,427  votes  against  7,539  votes 
for  Hatch,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,256  votes  against  10,947  votes  for  Haven,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1863 ;  returning  to  Buffalo,  he  organized  in  1864  the 
Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  National  Bank  of  Buffalo, 
of  which  he  has  since  been  the  president.  He  pub 
lished  "  History  of  the  Legal-Tender  Paper  Money 
issued  during  the  Great  Rebellion." 

Speed,  Thomas,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  defeating 
Lancaster  and  Cru tcher,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Speer,  Robert  Milton,  was  born  in  Cassville, 
Huntingdon  County,  Pennsylvania,  September  8, 
1838:  was  educated  at  Cassville  Seminary;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859,  and  has  since 
practised  at  Huntingdon;  was  assistant  clerk  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  legislature  of  Penn 
sylvania  during  the  session  of  1863;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,335 
votes  against  10,324  votes  for  D.  J.  Morrell,  Repub 
lican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  12,011  votes  against  11,422  votes  for 
A.  A.  Barker,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Speer,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  Monroe  County, 
Georgia,  August  31, 1837;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  is  a  merchant  and  planter ;  was  elected  justice 


of  the  peace  in  1861,  and  re-elected  in  1805;  was  ap 
pointed  collector  of  Confederate  taxes  for  Pike  County 
in  June,  1863,  and  served  in  that  capacity  until  the 
cessation  of  hostilities;  was  elected  justice  of  the 
Inferior  Court  for  Pike  County  in  1865,  and  served, 
until  July,  1868;  was  elected  to  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  Georgia  in  1867-1808;  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate  of  Georgia  in  1868,  serving  until 
December,  1870;  and,  while  a  member,  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-second 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,714  votes 
against  12,790  votes  for  Lawton,  Democrat,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  August  18,  1872,  when  he 
died. 

Speight,  Jesse,  was  born  in  Greene  County, 
North  Carolina,  September  22,  1795 ;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1822,  and  of  the  State 
Senate  1823-1827,  serving  several  years  as  speaker; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  defeat 
ing  McLeod ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1837;  re 
moved  to  Plymouth,  Mississippi ;  was  elected  to  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  and  chosen  speaker 
of  the  House;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Mississippi  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1845,  to  May  5,  1847,  when  he  died  at  Colum 
bus,  Mississippi. 

Spence,  John  S.,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
sided  at  Berlin;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  2,503  votes  against  1,328  votes  for  James 
Murray,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1825 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2, 
1833;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Maryland  (in  place  of  Robert  II.  Goldsborough, 
deceased),  serving  from  January  11,  1837,  to  October 
29,  1840,  when  he  died. 

Spence,  Thomas  A.,  was  born  at  Cambridge, 
Maryland,  February  20,  1810;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1829  ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  'the  bar,  and  prac 
tised  at  Snow  Hill,  Maryland;  was  district-judge  in 
his  circuit  for  some  years ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  \Vhig,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1845 ;  was  appointed  by  Postmaster-General  Cress- 
well  assistant  attorney-general  for  the  Post-office 
Department,  serving  from  1872  to  May,  1877;  was  a 
special  agent  of  the  Post-office  Department;  died  at 
Washington  City  November  10,  1877. 

Spencer,  Ambrose,  was  born  at  Salisbury, 
Connecticut,  December  13,  1765;  received  a  classical 
education,  partially  at  Yale,  but  graduating  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1783;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Hudson,  New 
York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1793,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1795- 
1798;  was  assistant  attorney-general  in  1796,  and 
State  attorney-general  in  1802;  was  chosen  judge  in 
1804 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1809 ;  was  chief 
justice  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1810-1823;  re 
tired  from  the  bench,  and  resumed  practice;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831;  was  mayor  of 
Albany  for  one  term;  retired  in  1839  to  a  farm  near 
Albany,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  was 
president  of  the  National  Whig  Convention  at  Balti 
more  in  1844;  died  at  Lyons,  New  York,  March  13, 
1848. 

Spencer,  Elijah,  was  born  in  Columbia  County, 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1819;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823. 

Spencer,   George  E.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 


636 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


County,  New  York,  November  1, 1836;  was  educated 
at  Montreal  College,  Canada;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Iowa  in  1857;  was  secretary  of  the  Iowa  Sen 
ate  of  1856;  entered  the  army  as  captain,  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  volunteers,  in  1862;  recruited 
and  raised  the  First  Alabama  Cavalry,  United-States 
Volunteers,  in  1863 ;  commanded  a  brigade  of  cavalry 
on  Sherman's  grand  march;  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  for  "gallantry  on  the  field;"  resigned  posi 
tion  in  the  army  July  4,  1865;  was  appointed  register 
in  bankruptcy  for  the  Fourth  District  of  Alabama  in 
May,  1867;  he  was  elected  United-States  senator 
from  Alabama  as  a  Republican,  and  took  his  seat 
July  25,  1868,  and  was  re-elected  in  1872.  His  term 
of  office  will  expire  March  3,  1879. 

Spencer,  James  B.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Fort  Covington ;  served  as  captain  in  the 
war  of  1812;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1831  and  1832;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  September  4, 
1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  magistrate,  county-judge, 
and  Indian  agent;  died  at  Fort  Covington,  New 
York,  March  16,  1848. 

Spencer,  John  Canfield,  was  born  at  Hud 
son,  New  York,  January  8,  1787:  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Union  College  in  1806;  stud 
ied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Canandaigua;  was  made  master 
in  chancery  in  1811;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
brigade  judge-advocate;  was  appointed  postmaster 
of  Canandaigua  in  1814;  was  assistant  attorney- 
general  for  the  western  part  of  New  York  in  1815 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1820-1821,  serv 
ing  the  first  year  as  speaker ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1824-1828;  became  prominently  con 
nected  with  the  anti-Masonic  movement,  and  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Van  Buren  special  attorney 
to  prosecute,  if  they  could  be  found,  those  connected 
with  the  alleged  abduction  of  Morgan;  was  again  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1832 ;  was  secretary  of  state,  and  superintendent  of 
common  schools,  1839-1840;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Tyler  secretary  of  war  October  12,  1841;  was 
transferred  to  the  Treasury  Department  March  3,  1843, 
but  opposed  the  annexation  of  Texas,  and  resigned 
May  2.  1844;  edited  the  Revised  Statutes  of  the  State 
of  New  York;  died  at  Albany,  New  York,  May  18, 
1855. 

Spencer,  Joseph,  was  born  at  East  Haddam, 
Connecticut,  in  1714;  was  judge  of  probate  in  1753; 
served  as  major  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  French 
war  1758;  was  a  member  of  the  Connecticut  Council 
1776;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in  the  Conti 
nental  army  June  22,  1775,  and  major-general  August 
9,  1776;  resigned  June  14,  1778,  because  Congress  had 
ordered  an  investigation  into  his  military  conduct  in 
Rhode  Island  in  1777 ;  was  a  delegate  from  Connecti 
cut  to  the  Continental  Congress  1779;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Connecticut  Council  in  1780;  and  was 
annually  re-elected  until  he  died  at  East  Haddam, 
Connecticut,  January  13,  1789. 

Spencer,  Richard,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  re 
sided  at  Easton;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Clay 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 
3,  1831. 

Spencer,  William  B.,  was  born  in  Catahoula 
Parish,  Louisiana,  February  5,  1835;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Centenary  College,  and 
in  the  law  department  of  the  University  of  Louisiana; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857,  and  practised  at 
Harrisonburg,  Louisiana,  until  1861;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  captain  of  infantry,  and  served 
throughout  the  war;  resumed  the  practice  of  law, 
after  the  war,  at  Vidalia,  Concordia  Parish,  Lou 
isiana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana 


in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  a  majority  of  1,315  votes  over  Frank  Morey,  Re 
publican.  The  Returning  Board  of  Louisiana,  how 
ever,  returned  Morey  as  elected,  and  he  held  the  seat 
until  May  31,  1876,  when  the  House,  by  resolution, 
declared  Spencer  to  have  been  duly  elected,  and  he 
was  accordingly  sworn  in  June  8,  1876,  serving  to 
January  8,  1877,  when  he  resigned. 

Spiiik,  Cyrus,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  9,438  votes  against  7,318  votes  for 
J.  P.  Jeffries,  Democrat,  but  died  before  taking  his 
seat. 

Spink,  S.  L.,  was  born  at  Whitehall,  New  York, 
March  20,  1831 ;  received  an  academic  education  at 
Castleton,  Vermont;  taught  school  for  several  years 
in  New  England,  New  York,  and  Maryland ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  at  Burlington, 
Iowa,  in  1856;  removed  to  Paris,  Illinois,  in  1860, 
and  became  editor  and  publisher  of  ''The  Prairie 
Beacon,"  a  radical  Republican  newspaper;  was  elect 
ed  to  the  State  legislature  in  1864;  in  1865  was  ap 
pointed  secretary  of  Dakota  Territory,  his  commission 
being  signed  by  President  Lincoln  on  the  afternoon 
before  lie  was  assassinated ;  was  re-appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Johnson,  and  confirined  by  the  Senate  in  Janu 
ary,  1866;  continued  to  discharge  the  duties  of  that 
office  up  to  March  4,  1869;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Dakota  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican  nominee,  receiving  1,379  votes  against  644  votes 
for  Todd,  Democrat,  603  votes  for  Toohy,  Inde 
pendent  Democrat,  658  votes  for  Burleigh,  Independ 
ent,  and  581  votes  for  Kidder,  People's  candidate, 
serving  from  March  4,>1S(,9,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Spinner,  Francis  E.,  was  born  at  German 
Flats,  New  York,  January  21,  1802;  received  a  clas 
sical  education  from  his  father,  the  Rev.  Herr  Spin 
ner;  was  cashier  of  the  Mohawk- Valley  Bank  for 
twenty  years;  entered  the  State  volunteer  militia  as 
lieutenant,  and  was  successively  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  major-general;  was  auditor  of  accounts  in  the 
naval  ofiice  of  the  New-York  Custom  House  1845- 
1849;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  Antislavery  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,618  votes  against  5,357  votes  for 
Alexander,  Whig,  and  3,414  votes  for  Benton.  Pro- 
slavery  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,722  votes 
against  6,115  votes  for  Dodge,  Union  Whig  and  Dem 
ocrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  12,582  votes  against  6,845 
votes  for  Goodrich,  Democrat,  and  served  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  until  March  3,  1861;  was  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  treasurer  of  the  United  States 
March  16,  1861;  was  successively  re-appointed  by 
Presidents  Johnson  and  Grant,  arid  resigned  July  1, 
1875 ;  retired  to  private  life,  passing  his  winters  at 
Florida. 

Sprague,  Peleg,  was  born  in  Rochester,  Massa 
chusetts,  December  10, 1756 ;  entered  a  store  as  clerk, 
but  afterwards  acquired  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1786;  studied  law 
with  Benjamin  West  of  Charlestown,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1787;  commenced  practice  at 
Dartmouth  (now  New  Bedford),  but  soon  removed  to 
Keene,  New  Hampshire,  where  he  established  him 
self;  was  appointed  solicitor  for  Cheshire  County  in 
1794 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hamp 
shire  in  the  Fifth  Congress  (in  place  of  Jeremiah 
Smith,  resigned)  on  the  second  trial,  defeating  Wood- 
bury  Langdon,  serving  from  December  15,  1797,  until 
March  3, 1799 ;  declined  a  re-election  on  account  of 
his  health,  and  died  in  1800. 

Sprague,  Peleg,  was  born  at  Duxbury,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  1792;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1812 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Augusta, 
then  at  Hallowell ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1821  and  1822;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Nineteenth  Con- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


637 


gress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3,  1829;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Maine,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  January 
1,  1835,  when  he  resigned;  removed  to  Boston,  and 
practised  there;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket  in  1840;  was  United-States 
judge  for  the  district  of  Massachusetts  1841-1805; 
was  living  in  Boston  July  1,  1878. 

Sprague,  "William  (uncle  of  William  Sprague), 
was  born  at  Cranston,  Rhode  Island,  in  1800;  re 
ceived  a  good  English  education;  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  and  manufacturing  pursuits ;  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Is 
land  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837; 
declined  a  re-election;  was  governor  of  Rhode  Island 
in  1838  and  1839;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Rhode  Island  (in  place  of  Nathan  F.  Dixon, 
deceased),  serving  from  February  18,  1842,  to  Janu 
ary  17,  1844,  when  he  resigned ;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848; 
died  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  October  19,  1856. 

Sprague,  William,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island ; 
removed  to  Michigan,  and  located  at  Kalamazoo; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Free-Soiler,  sen-ing  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  died  soon  after 
wards  at  Kalamazoo. 

Sprague,  William  (nephew  of  William 
Sprague),  was  born  at  Cranston.  Rhode  Island,  Sep 
tember  12,  1830;  received  an  academic  education; 
became  largely  interested  in  manufacturing  pursuits; 
was  elected  governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  18(31,  and. 
having  raised  several  regiments  for  the  Union  army, 
served  with  them  as  brigadier-general  in  the  early 
part  of  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion ; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Rhode 
Island  as  a  Republican  to  succeed  James  F.  Sim 
mons  (but,  that  senator  resigning  before  the  expira 
tion  of  his  term,  the  seat  was  occupied  meanwhile  by 
Samuel  G.  Arnold,  Conservative) ;  he  was  twice  re- 
elected,  serving  from  March  4, 1863,  to  March  3, 1875; 
resumed  the  control  of  his  manufacturing  establish 
ments. 

Sprague,  William  P.,  was  born  in  Morgan 
County,  Ohio,  May  21,  1827;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
when  quite  young,  and  continued  in  active  business 
until  1864;  was  the  first  president  of  the  First  Na 
tional  Bank  of  McConnellsville;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1860-18(51  and  1862-1863 ; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,263  votes  against  10,547  votes  for  J.  Cartwright, 
Democrat,  and  148  votes  for  I.  Parker,  Prohibition 
ist  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  14,350  votes  against  11,052  votes  for  C.  L. 
Poorman,  Liberal  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Sprigg,  James  C.,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  removed  to  Ken 
tucky,  and  located  at  Shelbyville ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  defeating  Field,  serving  from  May  31, 1841, 
to  March  3,  1843. 

Sprigg,  Michael  C.,  was  bom  in  Maryland;  re 
sided  atFrostburg;  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  president 
of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal ;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  Monroe  ticket  in  1820;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  receiving  416  majority  over  John  Lee ;  was 
re-eiected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from 
December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  at  Cumber 
land,  Maryland,  December  28,  1845. 

Sprigg,  Richard,  was  born  in  Maryland;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Fourth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Gabriel  Durall,  resigned) ;  was 


re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  May  6, 
1796,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  again  elected  to  the  Sev 
enth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to 
March  3,  1803. 

Sprigg,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Maryland;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Third 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797. 

Springer,  William  M.,  was  born  in  Sullivan 
County.  Indiana,  May  30,  1836;  removed  to  Illinois 
with  his  parents  in  1848;  graduated  at  the  Indiana 
State  University,  Bloomington,  in  1858;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859 ;  was  secretary 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Illinois  in 
1862;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Illi 
nois  in  1871-1872;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  10,623  votes  against'9,027  votes  for 
Andrew  Simpson,  Republican,  and  2,417  votes  for 
Jonathan  B.  Turner,  Independent  Republican;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
17,409  votes  against  13,714  votes  for  David  L.  Phil 
lips,  Republican,  serving  from  October  15, 1877. 

Spruance,  Presley,  was  born  in  Delaware  in 
1785;  resided  at  Smyrna;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  and  its 
president ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Delaware  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1853 ;  died  at  Smyrna,  Delaware,  Febru 
ary  13,  1863. 

Stallworth,  James  A.,  was  born  in  Conecuh 
County,  Alabama,  April  7, 1822;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1845,  and  again  in  1847: 
was  elected  solicitor  of  the  Second  Judicial  Circuit 
of  Alabama  in  1849,  and  re-elected  in  1853;  was  an 
unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1855 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
2,720  majority  over  McCaskill,  Know-Nothing;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat  by  3,083  majority,  serving  from  December  1, 
1857,  until  his  withdrawal  January  21, 1861,  after  the 
secession  of  Alabama;  died  at  Evergreen,  Alabama, 
in  1862. 

Stanard,  Edwin  O.,  was  born  at  Newport,  New 
Hampshire,  Januarys,  1832;  at  the  age  of  four  years, 
removed  to  the  Territory  of  Iowa  with  his  parents, 
living  on  a  farm,  and  receiving  little  more  than  a 
common-school  education,  until,  at  the  age  of  twenty, 
he  went  to  St.  Louis  to  seek  his  fortune ;  taught  school 
three  winters  in  Illinois,  opposite  St.  Louis,  and 
attended  school  in  the  city  during  the  summer;  in 
1855  graduated  at  a  commercial  college,  and  obtained 
a  clerkship  in  a  commission-house;  in  1856  opened  a 
commission-house  on  his  own  account,  and  in  a  few 
years  opened  branch  houses  in  Chicago  and  New 
Orleans;  in  1865  went  also  into  the  milling  business 
at  St.  Louis,  and  is  now  exclusively  engaged  in  that 
business;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  the 
State  of  Missouri  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1868, 
and  served  two  years;  and  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Regular  Republican,  receiving  5,271  votes  against 
5,129  votes  for  W.  M.  Grosvenor,  Liberal  Republican 
and  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Stanberry,  W'illiam,  was  born  in  Essex  Coun 
ty,  New  Jersey;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
5hio  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1S27, 
until  March  2,  1833;  he  addressed  a  communication 
to  Mr.  Speaker  Stevenson  April  14, 1S32,  stating  that 
he  was  waylaid  in  the  street  the  night  previous,  "  at 
tacked,  knocked  down  by  a  bludgeon,  and  severely 
bruised  and  wounded,  by  Samuel  Houston,  late  of 
Tennessee,  for  words  spoken  in  debate,"  for  which 
General  Houston  was  brought  before  the  bar  of  the 


638 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


House,  and  reprimanded;  died  at  Newark,  Ohio, 
January  27,  1872. 

Staiidifer,  James,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1823;  was  again  elected  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  defeating 
James  L,  Greene ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March 
3,  1837;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
but  died  suddenly  (when  on  his  way  to  Washington 
to  take  his  seat)'  near  Kingston,  Tennessee,  August 
24,  1837. 

Standiford,  Blisha  D.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Kentucky,  December  28,  1831;  received  a 
common-school  education  ;  studied  medicine,  and 
graduated  in  1853 ;  was  a  banker,  manufacturer,  and 
fanner;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Kentucky 
in  1868  and  in  1871 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  11,179  votes  against  5,033  votes 
for  W.  P.  Boone,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  elected  president 
of  the  Louisville,  Nashville,  and  Great  Southern 
Railroad,  and  carried  on  a  farm  of  1,430  acres  near 
Louisville. 

Stanford,  Richard,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina  in  17(58;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to 
April  9,  181(5,  when  he  died  at  Georgetown,  District 
of  Columbia. 

Stanly,  Edward,  was  born  at  New  Berne,  North 
Carolina;  was  a  student  at  the  Middletown  Military 
Academy;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice ; 
was  elected  to  the  House  of  Commons  of  the  State 
legislature  in  1844,  1846,  and  1848,  serving  the  last 
term  as  speaker;  was  attorney-general  of  North  Caro 
lina  in  1847;  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  Sep 
tember  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  4,987  votes 
against  4,940  votes  for  W.  K.  Lane,  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elocted  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  5,230 
votes  against  4,936  votes  for  Thomas  Ilufiin,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  re 
moved  to  California,  where  he  devoted  himself  to 
the  law;  was  recalled  from  there  by  President  Lin 
coln  in  1862  to  act  as  military  governor  of  North 
Carolina;  after  a  few  months'  service  he  resigned, 
and  returned  to  California;  died  at  San  Francisco 
July  26,  1872. 

Stanly,  John,  was  born  in  North  Carolina; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  from  New 
Berne  in  1798,  1799;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  until  March  8,  1803;  fought  a  duel  with  his 
predecessor  in  Congress  (Governor  Spaight),  and 
mortally  wounded  him  on  the  fourth  fire,  September 
5,  18L/2;  was  pardoned  by  Governor  Williams  in  1803; 
was  again  elected  a  representative  in  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  until  March  3, 
1811 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons 
of  North  Carolina  in  1812,  1813,  1814,  1815,  1818, 
1819,  1823,  1825,  and  1826,  serving  several  times  as 
speaker;  he  was  stricken  with  paralysis  in  1826,  and 
died  at  New  Berne,  North  Carolina,  August  3,  1834. 

Stanton,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Mount  Pleas 
ant,  Jefferson  County,  Ohio,  June  4, 1809 ;  was  reared 
on  a  farm  until  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age,  and 
then  apprenticed  to  a  tailor  until  he  was  twenty-one; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Bellefontaine ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1841 ;  resigned  in  1842,  but 
was  re-elected  the  same  year;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention;  was  elected  a  repre 


sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,110  votes  against  5,181  votes 
for  John  A.  Corwin,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  11,000  votes  against  3,350  votes  for  Dial, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,756  votes  against  6,210  votes  for 
Runkle,  Democrat,  and  1,239  votes  for  Glover,  Ameri 
can;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  8,716  votes  against  5,928  votes  for  W.  Hub- 
bard,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1861 ;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Ohio  in 
1862. 

Stantcn,  Frederick  P.  (brother  of  Richard  II. 
Stanton),  was  born  in  the  District  of  Columbia; 
worked  with  his  father,  who  Avas  a  bricklayer;  re 
ceived  by  his  own  exertions  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Columbia  College;  taught  school; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Memphis,  Tennessee ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
(5,250  votes  against  5,799  votes  for  J.  W.  Harris, 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress, 
receiving  6,495  votes  against  6,142  votes  for  "Cole- 
man,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,126  votes  against  5,120  votes  for 
Yerger,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1855 ;  was  appointed  governor  of  Kansas, 
serving  1858-1861 ;  returned  to  Washington,  and  en 
gaged  in  the  practice  of  law. 

Stanton,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Charleston, 
Rhode  Island,  July  19,  1739;  served  as  second  lieu 
tenant  in  the  Rhode-Island  regiment  raised  for  the 
expedition  against  Canada  in  1759;  was  a  member  of 
the  General  Assembly  of  Rhode  Island  1768-1774; 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  of  Safety  January 
28,  1775;  was  colonel  of  a  Rhode-Island  regiment  in 
1776;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention  of 
1790  which  adopted  the  Federal  Constitution;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Rhode  Island 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  June  25,  1790,  to  March 

2,  1793;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1794-1800;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat  on  the  second  trial,  receiving  849  majority 
over  Thomas  Noyes,  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress,  defeating  Elisha  R.  Potter;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  receiving  1,606  votes 
of  the  1,607  votes  cast,  serving  from  December  7, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1807;   died  at  Charleston,  Rhode 
Island. 

Stanton,  Richard  H.  (brother  of  Frederick  P. 
Stanton),  was  born  at  Alexandria,  Virginia,  Septem 
ber  9,  1812;  received  an  academic  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Maysville,  Kentucky;  was  appointed  post 
master,  but  was  removed  when  General  Taylor  be 
came  President;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  7,764  votes  against  7,400  votes  for 
John  P.  Gaines,  Taylor  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  7,649  votes  against 
6,622  votes  for  Marshall,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,583  votes  against 
7,070  votes  for  Hodge,  Whig,  serving  from  December 

3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856 ;  was  State  attorney 
for  his  judicial  district  in  1858;    was  a  delegate  to 
the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  New  York  in 
1868;    was  elected  district-judge,  serving  18(58-1874. 
He  published  "  The  Revised  Statutes  of  Kentucky  " 
and  "  A  Code  of  Practice." 

Starin,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Sammonsville, 
Fulton  County  (then  a  part  of  Montgomery),  New 
York,  August  27,  1825;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  commenced  the  study  of  medicine  in  1842; 
established  and  conducted  the  drug  and  medicine 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


639 


business  at  Fultonville,  New  York,  from  1845  to  1858; 
from  1848  to  1852  was  postmaster  at  Fultonville;  from 
1850  to  the  present  time  has  been  largely  engaged  in 
the  transportation  business  through  New- York  City 
and  harbor,  and  the  waters  of  Long-Island  Sound, 
with  its  accessories  of  vessel-building,  &c. ;  is  at  pres 
ent  a  director  of  the  North-River  Bank,  New-York 
City,  and  the  Mohawk-River  National  Bank;  is  great 
ly  and  personally  interested  in  agriculture  and  stock 
ing;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
19,142  votes  against  18,089  votes  for  Nicholas  H. 
Decker,  Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Stark,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  June  2(5,  1820;  received  an  academical 
education  at  New  London,  Connecticut;  entered  a 
counting-house  at  New  York,  and  became  a  mer 
chant  ;  removed  to  Oregon  in  1845,  and  engaged  in 
commercial  operations  with  the. Sandwich  Islands; 
relinquished  trade  in  1850;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Portland;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  House 
of  Representatives  in  1852,  and  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1860 ;  was  appointed  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Oregon  (in  place  of  Edward  D. 
Baker,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  27,  1802,  to  December  1, 1862,  when  his  successor 
took  his  seat;  was  a  delegate  from  Oregon  to  the  Na 
tional  Democratic  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1864, 
and  at  New  York  in  1868;  removed  to  Connecticut. 

Starkweather,  David  A.,  was  born  in  Con 
necticut;  received  an  academical  education ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Canton,  Ohio;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1841;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3, 
1847;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  by  S.  Lahm,  Independent 
Democrat;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Cass 
and  Butler  ticket  in  1848;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Pierce  minister  to  Chili,  serving  June  29,  1854- 
August  26,  1857. 

Starkweather,  George  A.,  was  born  in  Con 
necticut;  removed  to  Coopcrstown,  New  York;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849. 

Starkweather,  Henry  H.,  was  born  at  Pres 
ton,  Connecticut,  April  29,  1826 ;  was  educated  prin 
cipally  in  the  public  schools;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Connecticut  legislature  in  1856 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Republican  Convention  that  nom 
inated  Mr.  Lincoln  in  1860,  and  General  Grant  in 
1868;  was  appointed  in  1861  postmaster  at  Norwich 
by  President  Lincoln,  and  in  1865  he  was  re-ap 
pointed  by  President  Johnson,  but  after  the  latter 
made  his  speech  of  February  22,  1866,  he  sent  in  his 
resignation;  he  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  9,723  votes  against  7,827  votes  for 
Martin,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  receiving  9,122  votes  against  6,853  votes 
for  Converse,  Democrat;  was  elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  8,937  votes  against  7,472 
votes  for  J.  W.  Stedman,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  7,754  votes 
against  6,000  votes  for  Bill,  Democrat,  and  769.  votes 
for  Palmer,  Prohibitionist;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,000  votes  against  8,025  votes  for  L.  F.  S.  Foster, 
Democrat,  arid  575  votes  for  Palmer,  Prohibitionist, 
serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  January  28,  1876, 
when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Starr,  John  F.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1818;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  removed  to  Camden,  New  Jersey,  in  1844;  was 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  elected  a  repre- 


I  sentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,491  votes 
against  8,961  votes  for  Stratton,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
12,093  votes  against  10,126  votes  for  Dickinson,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1867. 

St.  Clair,  Arthur,  was  born  at  Thurso,  Scot 
land,  in  1734;  received  a  classical  education  at  the 
University  of  Edinburgh;  studied  medicine  with 
John  Hunter;  immigrated  to  America  in  1758  with 
the  British  troops;  was  with  General  Amherst  at  the 
capture  of  Louisburg,  and  General  Wolfe  at  the  con 
quest  of  Quebec;  resigned  his  commission  in  1762; 
settled  in  Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1764,  and  erected  flour  and  saw  mills;  was  appointed 
justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  and  district- 
surveyor  in  1770;  was  commissioned  colonel  of 
militia  in  1775,  and  sent  to  Fort  Pitt  to  treat  with 
the  Indians;  was  ordered  to  Canada  in  1776,  and 
promoted  major-general;  distinguished  himself  in 
the  leading  battles  cf  the  Revolution;  was  a  delegate 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress  1785- 
1787,  serving  the  last  year  as  president;  was  ap 
pointed  governor  of  the  North-west  Territory  in. 
1788;  located  and  named  the  city  of  Cincinnati; 
was  appointed  general-in-chief  of  the  army  in  1791, 
and  resigned  in  1792 ;  was,  in  the  latter  years  of  his 
life,  dependent  xipon  pensions  voted  him  by  Con 
gress  and  by  Pennsylvania;  died  at  Greensburg, 
Pennsylvania,  August  31,  1818.  He  published  a 
"  Narrative  of  the  Campaign  of  1791 ; "  and  a  memoir 
of  his  life  was  published  by  A.  T.  Goodman. 

Stearns,  Asahel,  was  born  at  Lunenburg, 
Massachusetts,  June  17,  1774;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1797; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Chelmsf ord,  Massachusetts ;  was 
for  several  years  State  attorney  for  Middlesex  Coun 
ty;  was  a  member  of  the  American  Academy  of  Arts 
and  Sciences;  was  defeated  as  the  Federal  candidate 
for  Congress  in  the  Middlesex  District  in  1812  by 
W.  M.  Richardson,  who  was  the  only  Democratic 
candidate  elected  in  the  State;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  January  15, 
1816,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  professor  of  law  at  Har 
vard  College  1817-1829,  when  he  resigned ;  was  the 
author  of  a  work  on  "  Real  Actions,"  and  one  of 
the  commissioners  for  codifying  the  laws  of  Massa 
chusetts  ;  died  at  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  Febru 
ary  5,  1839. 

Stebbins,  Henry  G.,  was  born  at  New  York 
in  1812 ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  became 
a  banker;  was  colonel  of  the  Twelfth  Regiment  New- 
York  National  Guard ;  was  a  park  commissioner,  a 
director  of  the  New-York  Academy  of  Music,  and 
president  of  the  Dramatic  Fund  Association;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
9,908  votes  against  7,759  votes  for  McCormick,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  Octo 
ber,  1864,  when  he  resigned. 

Stedman,  William,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
in  1765;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  1784 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1787,  and  practised ;  was  for  several 
years  clerk  of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court  at 
Worcester;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1802;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  and 
Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  October  17,  1803, 
to  1810,  when  he  resigned;  died  at  Newburyport, 
Massachusetts,  in  1831. 

Steele,  John,  was  born  in  Salisbury,  North  Caro 
lina,  November  1,  1764;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  then 
became  a  successful  farmer;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1787,  1788,  1794, 


640 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1795.  1806,  1811-1813;  was  a  member  of  the  con 
vention  which  met  at  Hillsborough  to  consider  the 
Federal  Constitution  in  1788;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  in  the  First  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Second  Congress,  serving  from  April 
19,  1790,  until  March  2,  1793";  was  appointed  in  1806 
on  the  commission  to  adjust  the  boundaries  between 
North  and  South  Carolina;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Washington  first  comptroller  of  the  treasury 
July  1,  1796;  was  re-appointed  by  President  John 
Adams,  and  resigned  December  15,  1802,  although 
solicited  by  President  Jefferson  to  remain;  was  again 
elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  but 
died  at  Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  on  the  same  day, 
August  14,  1815. 

Steele,  John  B.,  was  born  at  Delhi,  New 
York,  March  28,  1814;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Williams  College,  Massachusetts  ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Cooperstown,  New  York; 
was  district-attorney  for  Otsego  County;  removed 
in  1847  to  Kingston;  was  elected  in  1850  special 
judge  of  Ulster  County;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,938  votes  against  9,789 
votes  for  Sylvester,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,203  votes 
against  8,422  votes  for  Cornell,  Republican,  serving 
from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  thrown 
from  a  carnage  and  killed  at  Kingston,  New  York, 
September  24, 1866. 

Steele,  John  N.,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
sided  at  Vienna;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of 
Littleton  P.  Dennis,  deceased)  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
1,017  majority  over  Stewart,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  1834  to  March  3,  1837. 

Steele,  Walter  Leak,  was  born  at  Steele's 
Mills  (now  Little's  Mills),  Richmond  County,  North 
Carolina,  April  18,  1823;  was  educated  partly  at 
Ramlolph-Macon  College,  at  Wake-Forest  College, 
and  then  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina,  where 
he  graduated  in  1844;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Commons  in  1846,  1848,  1850,  and 
1854,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1852  and  1858 ;  is  a 
member  of  the  legal  profession ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  National  Democratic  Conventions  at  Charleston 
and  Baltimore  in  I860;  was  the  secretary  of  the 
State  Convention  of  1861  which  passed  the  ordi 
nance  of  secession ;  was  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
presidential  elector  in  the  Sixth  District  in  1872;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
17,256  votes  against  10,283  votes  for  Allen  Jordan, 
Republican,  serving  from  October  15, 1877. 

Steele,  William  G.,  was  born  in  Somerset 
County,  New  Jersey,  December  17,  1820;  received 
an  academical  education;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  and  banking;  was  a  State  director  of  the 
Canulen  and  Amboy  Railroad,  and  of  the  Delaware 
and  Raritan  Canal;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,843  votes  against  10,438 
votes  for  Berthoud,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  15,708  votes 
against  9,093  votes  for  Brownson,  Republican,  serv- 
ine  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Steele,  William  B.,  was  born  in  New- York 
City  July  24,  1842;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law,  and  practises  the  profession ;  served  in 
the  Union  army  as  private  and  commissioned  officer 
during  the  late  war;  was  a  staff -officer  of  Major- 
Generals  John  Sedgwick,  O.  O.  Howard,  John  Gib 
bon,  and  Alexander  S.  Webb,  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Legislative 
Council  of  Wyoming  Territory  in  the  fall  of  1871, 
resigning  the  said  position  the  4th  of  March,  1873; 
and  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Wyoming  Territory 
in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 


a  majority  of  about  300  votes  overW.  T.  Jones, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  by  a  majority  of  602  votes  over  Joseph  M. 
Carey,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1872, 
to  March  3,  1877. 

Steenrod,  Lewis,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
sided  at  Wheeling;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  2,667  votes  against  2,112  votes 
for  Thomas  Hamond,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition, 
serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Stenger,  William  S.,  was  born  at  Loudon, 
Pennsylvania,  February  13,  1840;  graduated  at 
Franklin  and  Marshall  College,  Lancaster,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  July,  1858;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  August,  1860,  at  Chambersburg,  where 
he  has  since  practised;  was  district-attorney  of 
Franklin  County  from  1862  to  1871,  having  been 
twice  re-elected;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  12,804  votes  against  11,781 
votes  for  Langhom  Wister,  Republican;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
15,301  votes  against  15,232  votes  for  Thaddeus  M. 
Mahon,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Stephens,  Abraham  P.,  was  bom  in  New 
York;  resided  at  Nyack;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,851  votes  against  4,372 
votes  for  Gurnee,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Stephens,  Alexander  Hamilton,  was  born 
in  that  part  of  Wilkes  County,  Georgia,  which  now 
forms  a  part  of  Taliaferro  County,  February  11, 1812; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Georgia,  at  Athens, 
in  1832;  taught  school  eighteen  months;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  at  Crawfordsville  in  1834;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  the 
Georgia  legislature  from  Taliaferro  County  in  1836- 
1841,  and  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  from 
Taliaferro  County  in  1842 ;  was  run  as  a  presidential 
elector  for  the  State  at  large  in  Georgia  on  the 
Douglas  and  Johnson  ticket  in  1860 ;  was  elected  to 
the  Secession  Convention  of  Georgia  in  1861 ;  op 
posed  and  voted  against  the  ordinance  of  secession 
in  that  body,  but  gave  it  his  support  after  it  had 
been  passed  by  the  convention  against  his  judgment 
as  to  its  policy;  was  elected  by  that  convention  to 
the  Confederate  Congress  which  met  at  Montgomery, 
Alabama,  February  4,  1861,  and  was  chosen  Vice- 
President  under  the  Provisional  Government  by 
that  Congress;  was  elected  Vice-President  of  the 
Confederate  States  for  the  term  of  six  years,  under 
what  was  termed  "  the  permanent  government,"  in 
November,  1861 ;  visited  the  State  of  Virginia  on  a, 
mission  under  the  Confederate  Government  in  April, 
1861,  upon  the  invitation  of  that  State;  was  one  of 
the  commissioners  on  the  part  of  the  Confederate 
Government  at  the  Hampton-Roads  conference  in 
February,  1865;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  38,051  votes  against  35,001  votes  for  James 
H.  Stark,  Democrat;  .was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  4,202  votes  against  3,152 
votes  for  Jones,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  3,507  votes  against 
2,078  votes  for  Turner,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  4,019  votes 
against  2,602  votes  for  Day,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  4,744  votes 
against  1,955  votes  for  Lewis,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  5,634 
votes  against  2,444  votes  for  Jones,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5,808  votes  against  3,079  votes  for 
Lamar,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,151  votes  against  4,096 
votes  for  Miller,  American,  serving  from  December 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1859,  when  he  declined  a  re 
election;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  in 
I860  by  the  first  legislature  convened  under  the  new 
Constitution,  but  was  not  allowed  to  take  his  seat; 
was  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Ambrose  R. 
Wright),  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  straight-out  Jefferson  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  6,822  votes  against  12  votes  for  Harrison, 
Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,471  votes  against  1,273  votes  for 
.  Tennelle,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Stephens,  Philander,  was  born  in  Pennsylva 
nia  in  1788;  resided  at  Montrose;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833;  died  at  Springfield,  Penn 
sylvania,  July  8,  1842. 

"  Stephenson,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Ken 
tucky  ;  removed  in  1809  to  Randolph  County,  Illinois 
Territory;  was  high  sheriff  of  the  county;  served  as 
colonel  of  militia  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Illinois  Territory  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Shadrack  Bond,  resigned);  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
November  14,  1814,  to  March  3,  1817;  was  appointed 
receiver  of  public  money  at  Edwardsville,  Illinois, 
and  died  there. 

Stephenson,  James,  was  born  at  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania,  March  20,  1764;  removed  when  young 
to  Virginia,  and  located  at  Martinsburg;  served 
under  General  St.  Glair  in  his  Indian  expedition  as 
captain  of  volunteer  riflemen;  became  brigade-in 
spector  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
October  17, 1803,  to  March  3,  1805;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1811 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Thomas  Van  Swearingen, 
deceased) ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1825; 
died  at  Martinsburg,  Virginia,  August  7,  1833. 

Sterigere,  John  B.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Upper  Dublin,  and  subsequently  at  Mor- 
ristown;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat,  defeating  Philip  S.  Markley,  Adams  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving 
from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Sterling,  Ansel,  was  born  in  New-London  Coun 
ty,  Connecticut;  resided  at  Sharon;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Seventeenth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3, 1825. 

Sterling,  Micah,  was  born  at  Lyme,  Connecti 
cut,  in  1781;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Yale  College  in  1804;  studied  law  at  the  Litch- 
field  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Adams,  removing  the  next  year 
to  Watertown,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823; 
died  at  Watertown,  New  York,  April  10,  1844. 

Sterrett,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1756;  resided  at  Baltimore;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Second  Congress,  serving 
from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  2, 1793;  died  at  Bal 
timore,  Maryland,  July  12,  1833. 

Stetson,  Charles,  was  born  at  New  Ipswich, 
New  Hampshire,  November  7,  1801 ;  removed  with 
his  parents  to  Hampden,  Maine,  in  1802;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1823;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Hampden  until  1833,  when  he  removed 
to  Bangor;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Bangor  Mu 
nicipal  Court  in  1834,  and  clerk  of  the  Penobscot- 
county  courts  in  1836;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  council  1845-1848;  was  elected  a  representative 


from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5,095  votes  against  4,492  votes  for 
Washburn,  Whig,  and  2,043  votes  for  Curtis,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  3, 1849,  to  March  3, 1851. 

Stetson,  Lemuel,  was  born  in  New  York ;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Keeseville;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1835,  1836,  and  1842;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,635  votes  against 
4,092  votes  for  McDonald,  Whig,  and  165  votes  for 
Parkhurst,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  county-judge  of  Clinton 
County  1847-1851 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1862. 

Stevens,  Aaron  F.,  was  born  at  Derry,  New 
Hampshire,  August  9,  1810;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1849,  1854,  1856,  and  1857;  was  county-soli 
citor  from  1856  until  1861 ;  entered  the  Union  army 
in  1861  as  major  of  the  First  New-Hampshire  Volun 
teers  ;  was  afterwards  colonel  of  the  Thirteenth  New- 
Hampshire  Volunteers,  commandant  of  a  brigade, 
and  brigadier-general  by  brevet ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,260  votes 
against  10,305  votes  for  Harrington,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  11,338 
votes  against  9,740  votes  for  Harrington,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives. 

Stevens,  Bradford  N.,  was  born  at  Boscawen 
(now  Webster),  New  Hampshire,  January  3,  1813; 
after  the  usual  academic  course,  he  studied  one  year 
in  Le  Petit  Seminaire  at  Montreal,  and  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College,  New  Hampshire,  in  1835;  was 
an  educator  six  years  in  Hopkinsville,  Kentucky,  and 
New- York  City;  removed  in  1843  to  Bureau  County, 
Illinois,  where  he  was  a  merchant  and  farmer,  and 
took  an  active  part  in  the  promotion  of  internal  im 
provements  ;  was  chairman  of  the  board  of  supervi 
sors  of  Bureau  County  in  1868;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  an  Independent  Democrat,  receiving  11,579  votes 
against  9,963  votes  for  Ebon  C.  Ingersoll,  Republican, 
and  868  votes  for  Ives,  Temperance,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Stevens,  Charles  A.,  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Alvah  Crocker,  deceased)  as  a  Re 
publican,  serving  from  January  27,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Stevens,  Hestor  L.,  was  born  at  Lima,  New 
York,  October,  1803;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Rochester,  where  he  also  was 
connected  with  the  press ;  removed  to  Michigan,  and 
located  at  Pontiac ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Michigan  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  10,746  votes  against  8,948  votes  for  Bradley, 
Whig,  and  1,048  votes  for  Calkins,  Free-Soiler,  serv 
ing  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  died  at 
Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia,  May  7,  1864. 

Stevens,  Hiram  S.,  was  born  at  Weston,  Ver 
mont,  in  1832;  received  a  common-school  education 
there;  removed  to  New  Mexico  in  1851,  and  in  1853 
located  in  that  part  of  New  Mexico  now  known  as 
Arizona;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  legislature 
of  Arizona  1868-1873;  and  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Arizona  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an  In 
dependent  candidate,  receiving  1,442  votes  against 
1,076  votes  for  C.  C.  Bean,  and  638  votes  for  John 
Smith;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  1,412  votes  against  1,076  votes  for 
Bean,  Independent,  and  638  votes  for  Smith,  Inde 
pendent,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Stevens,  Isaac  Ingalls,  was  born  at  North 


642 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Andover.  Massachusetts,  in  1818;  received  a  military 
education,  graduating  first  in  his  class  at  West  Point 
in  1839:  entering  thecorpB  of  engineers,  he  served  on 
the  staff  of  General  Scott  in  Mexico,  distinguishing 
himself  in  several  engagements;  was  an  assistant  in 
the  coast  survey ;  resigned  in  1853,  having  been  ap 
pointed  by  President  Pierce  governor  of  Washington 
Territory,  which  office  he  held  until  he  resigned  in 
August,  1857;  was  wounded  in  a  rencounter  with 
Chief  Justice  Sanders;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Washington  Territory  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
18(31 ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the 
Seventy-ninth  New- York  Highlanders  July  30,  1861 ; 
was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  Sep 
tember  28,  18G1 ;  served  under  Sherman  in  the  Port- 
Koyal  expedition;  was  appointed  major-general  July 
4,  1862,  and  commanded  a  division  under  General 
Pope;  was  mortally  wounded  at  the  second  Bull- 
Run  battle  while  carrying  the  flag  of  one  of  his  regi 
ments,  and  cheering  it  forward;  died  at  Chantilla, 
Virginia,  September  6,  1862.  He  published  ''  Cam 
paign  of  the  Rio  Grande  and  Mexico,  with  Remarks 
on  the  Recent  Work  of  Major  Ripley,"  and  a  survey 
of  the  route  for  the  North  Pacific  Railroad. 

Stevens,  James,  was  born  at  Fairfleld,  Con 
necticut,  in  1768 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3, 
1821;  was  appointed  postmaster  at  Stamford,  Con 
necticut,  in  1822;  died  at  Stamford,  Connecticut, 
April  16,  1835. 

Stevens,  Thaddeus,  was  born  at  Peacham, 
Vermont,  April  4,  1792;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College,  and  removed  to  Pennsylvania  in  1814;  while 
teacher  in  an  academy,  he  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legis 
lature  of  Pennsylvania  in  1833,  1834,  1835,  1837,  and 
1841 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1838  ;  was  appointed  a  canal  commission 
er  in  1838;  removed  to  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1842;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Wliig,  receiv 
ing  9,565  votes  against  5,464  votes  for  Shaeffer, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,701  votes  against  4,OU9  votes  for 
Muhlenberg,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  1,  1853;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,513  votes  against  6,341  votes  for  Hopkins,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
receiving  12,964  votes  against  470  votes  scattering; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,174  votes  against  6,650  votes  for  Steinson, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,804  votes  against  7,344  votes  for 
North,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  14,298  votes  against  8,675  votes 
for  Reynolds,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1859,  to  August  11,  1868,  when  he  died  at  Washing 
ton  City. 

Stevenson,  Adlai  E.,  was  born  in  Christian 
County,  Kentucky,  October  23,  1835;  was  educated 
at  Centre  College,  Danville,  Kentucky;  studied  law 
in  Bloomington,  Kentucky,  with  Williams  and  Pack 
ard,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  May  1,  1858;  re 
moved  to  Woodford  County,  Illinois,  where  he  com 
menced  practice ;  was  master  in  chancery  1861-1865, 
and  State's  attorney  for  the  Twenty-third  Judicial 
District  1864-1868 ;  removed  to  Bloomington  Janu 
ary  1,  1869,  and  commenced  practice  there;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  the  candidate  of  the  "  Independ 
ent  Reform  Party,"  receiving  11,135  votes  against 
9,903  votes  for  John  McNulta,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Stevenson,  Andrew  (father  of  John  W.  Ste 
venson),  was  born  in  Culpepper  County,  Virginia, 
in  1784;  received  a  classical  education;  studied  law; 


was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Richmond, 
Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1804-1820,  serving  several  years  as 
speaker:  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1823,  to  June  2,  1834,  when  he 
resigned,  having  served  as  speaker  1827-1834;  wTas 
minister  to  Great  Britain  March  16,  1836-October 
21,  1841;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  rector  of  the  University  of  Virginia  1856-1857 ; 
died  at  "  Blenheim,"  Albemarle  County,  Virginia, 
January  25,  1857. 

Stevenson,  James  S.,  was  born  in  York  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania;  resided  at  Pittsburg;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3,  1829 ;  died  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  October  17, 
1831. 

Stevenson,  Job  E.,  was  born  in  Ross  County, 
Ohio,  February  10,  1831;  received  an  irregular  col 
legiate  education;  studied  law,  and  practised;  was 
solicitor  of  Chillicothe  in  1859,  1860,  1861,  and  1862; 
was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  Senate  from  Ross  and 
Highland  Counties  in  1863,  1864,  and  1865;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  Congress  in 
the  Twelfth  District  of  Ohio  in  1864;  removed  to 
Cincinnati  in  1865,  and  continued  the  practice  of 
law;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
497  majority  over  Samuel  F.  Cary,  Independent 
Workingmen's  candidate  and  adopted  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  re 
ceiving  9,294  votes  against  7,745  votes  for  S.  F.  Cary, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Stevenson,  John  "W.  (son  of  Andrew  Steven 
son),  was  born  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  May  4,  1812, 
and  received  his  early  education  there ;  attended  the 
University  of  Virginia,  and  graduated  in  1834;  studied 
law  in  Virginia;  went  to  Kentucky  in  1841 ;  has  been 
county-attorney;  was  a  representative  in  the  legisla 
ture  of  Kentucky  for  several  years ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  which  framed 
the  present  Constitution;  was  one  of  the  revisers 
who  framed  a  civil  and  criminal  code  of  practice; 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1852  and  in  1856  for  the 
State  at  large;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,748  votes  against  4,185  votes  for 
Rankin,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,295  votes  against  5,839 
votes  for  Jones,  Opposition,  serving  from  December 
7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  elected  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Kentucky  in  1867;  was  elected  governor 
in  1868;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Ken 
tucky  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed  T.  C.  McCreery, 
Democrat),  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Stewart,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Fayette  County, 
Pennsylvania,  June  1792;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1815,  and  commenced  practice  at  Uniontown;  was 
appointed  by  President  Monroe  United-States  attor 
ney  for  the  Western  District  of  Pennsylvania;  was 
for  three  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  December 
5, 1831,  to  March  3, 1835 ;  was  defeated  for  the  Twen 
ty-fourth  Congress  by  Andrew  Buchanan,  Whig ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  4,  1843.  to  March  3» 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


643 


1849;  died  at  Uniontown,  Pennsylvania,  July  16, 
1872. 

Stewart,  Archibald,  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1785,  to  fill 
a  vacancy. 

Stewart,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
resided  at  Mount  Airy;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne,  serv 
ing  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  by  W.  L.  Goggin,  Whig. 

Stewart,  David,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Maryland  (in  place  of 
Reverdy  Johnson,  resigned),  serving  from  December 
S,  1849,  to  January  14,  1850,  when  his  successor  took 
his  seat;  died  at  Baltimore,  Maryland,  October  5, 
1858. 

Stewart,  Jacob  H.,  was  born  at  Clermont, 
Columbia  County,  New  York,  January  15,  1829;  re 
moved  when  very  young  with  his  parents  to  Peeks- 
kill,  New  York;  received  an  academic  education 
at  the  Peekskill  Academy;  studied  medicine,  and 
graduated  at  the  University  Medical  College  of  New- 
York  City  March,  1851;  practised  his  profession 
at  Peekskill,  and  at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  to  which  he 
removed  in  April,  1855;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Minnesota  of  1858-1859 ;  was  surgeon-gen 
eral  of  Minnesota  1857  to  1863 ;  was  appointed  sur 
geon  of  the  First  Minnesota  Volunteer  Infantry 
April  17,  1801 ;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  first  battle 
of  Bull  Run,  paroled,  and  allowed  to  care  for  his 
wounded  at  Sudley-Church  Hospital  until  they  were 
able  to  be  removed  to  llichmorid,  when  he  was  per 
mitted  to  return  home  without  exchange  "  for  volun 
tarily  remaining  on  the  battle-field  in  the  discharge 
of  his  duty;"  was  mayor  of  St.  Paul  in  1864,  1868, 
1872,  1873,  and  1874;  was  surgeon  of  the  Board  of 
Enrolment  1864  and  1865;  was  postmaster  of  St. 
Paul  1865  to  1870;  was  president  of  the  Minnesota 
State  Medical  Society  1875  and  1876;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Minnesota  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  22,823  votes 
against  20,727  votes  for  W.  W.  McNair,  Democrat, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Stewart,  James,  was  born  in  North  Carolina 
in  1770;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
January  26,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819;  died  in  North 
Carolina  February  3,  1842. 

Stewart,  James  A.,  was  born  in  Dorchester 
County,  Maryland,  November  24,  1808;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Cambridge, 
Maryland;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  a  circuit-court  judge;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,173 
votes  against  5,863  votes  for  Dennis,  American;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  6,339 
votes  against  6,163  votes  for  Townsend,  American; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
6,934  votes  against  6,384  votes  for  Cox,  Opposition, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Stewart,  John,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Sixth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Thomas  Hartley,  deceased);  was  re-elected  to  the 
Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  3,  1801,  to  March  3,  1805. 

Stewart,  John,  was  born  at  Chatham,  Connect 
icut,  in  1795;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  was  a  practical  farmer; 
was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  judge  of  the  Middlesex- 
county  Court;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  died  at 
Chatham,  Connecticut,  September  16,  1860. 


Stewart,  Thomas  E.,  was  born  in  New-York 
City  September  22, 1824;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  commissioner 
of  common  schools  in  1854;  was  a  Republican  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Assembly  of  NCAV  York  in  1864  and 
1805;  was  nominated  by  the  Conservative  Repub 
licans  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  by  them  and  the  Demo 
crats,  receiving  9,452  votes  against  6,955  votes  for 
Spencer,  Radical  Republican,  and  711  votes  for  Ste 
venson,  Independent  Democrat,  serving  from  March 
4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Stewart,  William,  was  born  at  Mercer,  Penn 
sylvania,  September  10,  1811;  received  a  classical  ed 
ucation,  graduating  at  Jefferson  College ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Mercer,  Pennsylvania  ;  was  for  three 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,552  votes 
against  5,467  votes  for  Cunningham,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
6,721  votes  against  3,777  votes  for  John  N.  McGuffin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  March  3, 
1801. 

Stewart,  William  M.,  was  born  in  Wayne 
County,  New  York,  August  9,  1827;  was  a  student  at 
Yale  College;  went  to  California,  where  he  was  en 
gaged  in  mining;  studied  and  practised  law,  serving 
as  State  attorney  and  attorney-general ;  removing  to 
that  portion  of  Utah  now  Nevada,  he  was  elected 
to  the  Territorial  legislature  in  1801 ;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  convention  which  framed  the  Consti 
tution  of  Nevada  in  1803;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Nevada  as  a  Republican  on  the  adoption 
of  the  State  Constitution,  and  was  re-elected,  serving 
from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1875;  resumed 
practice  at  San  Francisco. 

Stiles,  John  D.,  was  born  in  Luzcrne  County, 
Pennsylvania,  January  15,  1823;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1844;  in  1853  he  was  elected  district-attor 
ney  for  Lehigh  County,  and  held  the  office  for  three 
years;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Convention 
which  nominated  Mr.  Buchanan  for  President  in 
1856,  to  the  Chicago  Convention  in  1864,  to  the 
Philadelphia  National  Union  Convention  in  1866, 
and  to  the  Democratic  Convention  in  1868  which 
nominated  Seymour  and  Blair;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (for  the  unexpired  term  of  his  friend  T.  B. 
Cooper,  deceased)  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  581  ma 
jority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  11,316  votes  against  8,092  votes  for  Krause, 
Unionist,  serving  from  1861  to  March  3,  1865;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  15,247  votes  against  12,568  votes  for 
Breitenbach,  Republican,  serving  from  1869  to  March 
3,  1871. 

Stiles,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Savannah ;  was  solicitor-general  for  the  East 
ern  District  of  Georgia  183:3-1836;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  35,164  votes  against 
32,980  votes  for  A.  H.  Chappell,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  appointed 
by  President  Polk  charge  to  Austria,  and  served 
April  19,  1845-October  3, 1849;  served  in  the  Confed 
erate  army  with  the  rank  of  colonel ;  died  at  Savan 
nah,  Georgia,  December  10,  1865. 

Stillwell,  Thomas  L.,  was  born  at  Stillwell, 
Ohio,  August  29,  1830;  received  a  classical  education 
at  Oxford  and  College  Hill;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1852,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Anderson,  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1836 ;  engaged  in  bank 
ing  ;  was  an  officer  in  the  Union  anny  for  one  year ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  iu  the 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15. (123  votes  against  13,383  votes  for  James  F.  Mc 
Dowell,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  18(35, 
to  March  3,  18(37;  was  appointed  by  President  John- 
sou  minister  resident  at  Venezuela,  serving  August 
30, 1867-June  30, 18(58;  was  killed  by  J.  E.  Corwiu.  at 
Anderson,  Indiana,  January  14,  1874. 

St.  John,  Charles,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
New  York,  October  8, 1818;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  is  a  merchant,  manufacturer,  and  lumber 
man;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  11,247  votes  against  10,747  votes  for  Sher 
man,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  11,842  votes  against  14,269  votes 
for  E.  Flagg,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 1871, 
to  March  3,  1875. 

St.  John,  Daniel  B.,  was  born  at  Sharon,  Con 
necticut,  October  8,  1808;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  New  York;  became  a  mer 
chant's  clerk  at  Monticello,  and  followed  mercantile 
pursuits  until  1847;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in.  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1849 ; 
was  superintendent  of  the  State  Banking  Department 
April  15,  1851-April  4,  1854;  was  again  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1859  and  1860 ; 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  near  Newbury,  New 
York. 

St.  John,  Henry,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
moved  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Tiffin ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,307  votes  against  43 
votes  for  Robinson,  Abolitionist;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

St.  Martin,  Louis,  was  born  in  Louisiana;  re 
sided  at  New  Orleans ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  3,199  votes  against  2,763  votes 
for  Hagan,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1853 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  and  his  credentials  were  presented  Decem 
ber  19,  1865,  but  he  was  not  admitted. 

Stockton,  John  P.  (grandson  of  Richard  Stock 
ton,  and  son  of  Richard  Stockton),  was  born  in  Prince 
ton,  New  Jersey,  August  2,  1826;  was  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1843;  was  licensed  to  practise 
law  in  1846 ;  was  called  to  the  bar  in  1849 ;  was  ap 
pointed  a  commissioner  to  revise  the  laws  of  New 
Jersey;  was  subsequently  reporter  to  the  Court  of 
Chancery,  and  published  three  volumes  of  equity  re 
ports  which  bear  his  name;  was  appointed  in  1858 
minister  resident  at  Rome,  and  was  recalled  at  his 
own  request  in  1861;  was  elected  United-States  sena 
tor  from  New  Jersey  in  1865  for  the  term  ending  in 
1871 ;  after  holding  the  position  for  more  than  a  year, 
his  election  was  declared  by  the  Senate  to  have  been 
informal,  and  he  was  unseated,  and  returned  to  New 
Jersey  and  the  practice  of  his  profession;  was  again 
elected  senator  as  a  Democrat  (in  the  place  of  Fred 
erick  T.  Frelinghuysen,  Republican),  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  was  elected  by  the 
Senate  of  New  Jersey  State  attorney-general  March 
3J,  1877. 

Stockton,  Richard  (grandfather  of  John  P. 
Stuckton,  and  fatherof  Richard  Stockton),  was  bornat 
Princeton,  New  Jersey,  October  1,  1730;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1748;  studied  law  with  Richard  Ogden;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1754,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Princeton,  New  Jersey;  visited  England  in  1766; 
was  appointed  an  executive  councillor  of  the  prov 
ince  of  New  Jersey  in  1768;  was  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Jersey  in  1774 ;  was  a 
delegate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  177(3-1777;  was  sent  on  a  mission  to  the  North 
ern  army,  and  fell  into  the  hands  of  a  party  of  royal 
ists,  who  subjected  him  to  such  ill  usage  that  he 


[  never  recovered,  but  died  near  Princeton,  New  Jer 
sey,  February  28,  1781. 

Stockton,  Richard  (son  of  Richard  Stockton, 
and  father  of  John  P.  Stockton  and  Robert  F.  Stock 
ton),  was  born  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  April  17, 
1764;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Nassau  Hall  in  1779 ;  studied  law  with  Elisha  Boudi- 
not  at  Newark;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1784,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Washington  and  Adams 
ticket  in  1792;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  New  Jersey  (in  place  of  Frederick  Frelinghuy 
sen,  resigned)  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December 
6,  1796,  to  March  3,  1799;  declined  being  a  candidate 
for  re-election;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federal 
ist,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  de 
clined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election ;  was  appoint 
ed  in  1825  one  of  the  commissioners  on  the  part  of  the 
State  of  New  Jersey  to  negotiate  the  settlement  of 
the  territorial  controversy  with  the  State  of  New 
York,  and  the  very  able  argument  appended  to  the 
report  of  the  New-Jersey  commissioners  was  the 
production  of  his  pen;  died  at  Princeton  March  7, 
1828. 

Stockton,  Robert  Field  (son  of  Richard 
Stockton),  was  born  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  in 
1795 ;  studied  at  Princeton  College ;  entered  the 
United-States  navy  as  midshipman  September  1, 
1811,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  commodore,  then  the 
highest;  was  seriously  injured  by  the  explosion  of  a 
large  gun  onboard  of  "The  Princeton"  February 
28,  1844;  was  sent  to  the  Pacific  coast  in  October, 
1845;  and  in  1846  conquered  California,  establishing 
a  civil  government  there;  returning  home,  he  re 
signed  his  commission ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  Jersey  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1851,  to  January  10,  1853,  when 
he  resigned;  was  president  of  the  Delaware  and 
Raritan  Canal  Company;  died  at  Princeton,  New 
Jersey,  October  7,  1806.  His  "Life  and  Speeches" 
was  published  at  New  York. 

Stoddard,  Ebenezer,  was  born  at  West  Wood 
stock,  Connecticut,  May  6,  1786;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1806 ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Woodstock,  Connecticut;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  State  legislature ;  was 
for  one  year  lieutenant-governor ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1825; 
died  at  Woodstock,  Connecticut,  August  11,  1848. 

Stoddart,  John  T.,  was  born  in  Charles  Coun 
ty,  Maryland,  in  1790;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1810;  was  an  offi 
cer  of  Maryland  volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twen 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  receiving 
200  majority  over  Daniel  Jenifer,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  in  Charles 
County,  Maryland,  July  19,  1870. 

Stokely,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Ohio;  received 
an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Steubenville, 
Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Stokes,  Montford,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina  in  1760;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
for  several  years  clerk  of  the  Superior  Court,  and 
subsequently  of  the  State  Senate;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  North  Carolina  (in  place 
of  James  Turner,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  and  was 
re-elected,  serving  from  December  16,  1816,  to  March 
3,  1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1826, 
and  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1829 
and  1830 ;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina  1830-1831 ; 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


640 


resigned  to  accept  the  position  of  commissioner  to 
superintend  the  removal  of  the  Indians  west  of  the 
Mississippi  River;  and  was  subsequently  appointed 
by  President  Jackson  Indian  agent  for  Arkansas  Ter 
ritory,  where  he  died  in  1842. 

Stokes,  William  B.,  was  born  in  Chatham 
County,  North  Carolina,  September  9,  1814 ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1849  and  1859,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
6,633  votes  against  6,160  votes  for  Savage,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861; 
entered  the  Union  army  in  the  spring  of  1862  as  ma 
jor  of  Tennessee  volunteers ;  was  promoted  colonel, 
and  served  until  honorably  discharged  in  the  spring 
of  1865;  was  subsequently  brevetted  major-general 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Union 
Republican,  receiving  4,454  votes  against  2,549  votes 
for  Faulkner,  Democrat,  and  845  votes  for  Hood, 
Secessionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
receiving  8,023  votes  against  1,614  votes  for  Fleming, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  6,415  votes  against  2,035  votes  for  Garrett, 
Democrat,  serving  from  July  24,  1866,  to  March  3, 
1871 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  4,116  votes 
against  9,675  votes  for  A.  E.  Garrett,  Democrat. 

Stone,  Alfred  P.,  was  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  at  Columbus,  Ohio;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (to 
fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Heman  Allen 
Moore)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2, 
1844,  to  March  3,  1845;  was  appointed  by  Governor 
Chase  in  1853  acting  treasurer  of  the  State  of  Ohio 
(to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  suspension  of  Treas 
urer  Gibson  for  frauds);  was  appointed  by  Secretary 
Chase,  in  1862,  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
Columbus  District  of  Ohio ;  was  detected  in  contra 
band-cotton  speculations,  and  was  found  to  be  a  de 
faulter;  and  committed  suicide  by  taking  poison  on 
the  grave  of  his  two  children  at  Columbus,  Ohio, 
August  1,  1865. 

Stone,  David,  was  born  at  Hope,  North  Caro 
lina,  February  17,  1770;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1788 ;  studied 
law  under  W.  R.  Davis,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1790;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1791-1794,  1811,  and  1812;  was  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  North  Carolina  1795-1798;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  a  United-States 
senator,  serving  1801-1806,  when  he  resigned  to  ac 
cept  a  judgeship  in  the  State  Supreme  Court;  was 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1808-1810;  was  re-elect 
ed  United-States  senator  in  1813,  but,  differing  with 
President  Madison  on  war  measures,  he  was  censured 
by  the  legislature  of  North  Carolina,  and  resigned; 
he  died  at  Hope.  North  Carolina,  October  7,  1818. 

Stone,  Frederick  (grandson  of  Thomas  Stone), 
was  born  in  Charles  County,  Maryland,  February  7, 
1820;  was  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Annapo 
lis  ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  was  appointed  by  the 
legislature  one  of  the  commissioners  to  simplify  and 
abridge  the  rules  of  pleading,  practice,  and  convey 
ancing  in  the  State  courts  in  1852;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  in  18fi4  and  1865;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  3Iuryland  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,708  votes  against 
2,632  votes  for  Albert,  Republican ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,928  votes  against  2,544  votes  for  Albert,  Republi 
can,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Stone,  James  W.,  was  born  in  Kentucky  in 
181-5;  resided  at  Taylorsville;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,872  votes  against  3,701 
votes  for  Grigsby,  Whig,  and  2,338  votes  for  Pope, 


Independent,  sen-ing  from  December  4.  1S43,  to 
March  3,  1845 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-sec 
ond  Congress,  receiving  5,843  votes  against  *5,4SO 
votes  for  Hill,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851, 
to  March  3,  1853;  died  at  Taylorsville,  Kentucky, 
October  13,  1854. 

Stone,  John  W.,  was  born  at  Wadsworth,  Ohio, 
July  18,  1838;  received  an  academic  education;  re 
moved  to  Allegan  County,  Michigan,  in  1856 ;  com 
menced  the  study  of  law  in  1859;  was  elected  county- 
clerk  of  Allegan  County  in  1860;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  January,  1862 ;  was  re-elected  county-clerk  in 
1862 ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  in  1864,  and 
re-elected  twice,  holding  the  office  six  years;  was 
elected  president  of  Allegan  Village  in  1872;  was 
elected  circuit-judge  of  the  Twentieth  Judicial  Cir 
cuit  of  Michigan  in  April,  1873,  which  office  he 
held  until  November  1,  1874,  when  he  resigned,  and 
removed  to  Grand  Rapids  to  enter  upon  the  practice 
of  law;  has  continued  in  the  practice  of  the  profes 
sion  ever  since ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Michigan  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  21,908  votes  against  18,546  votes  for 
Myron  Harris,  Democratic  and  Greenback  candidate, 
and  50  votes  for  a  Temperance  candidate,  serving 
from  October  15,  1877. 

Stone,  Joseph  C.,  was  born  at  Westport,  New 
York,  July  30,  1829;  removed  to  the  Territory  cf 
Iowa  in  1844;  received  a  limited  education  at  the 
public  schools;  studied  medicine,  graduating  at  the 
medical  department  of  the  St.  Louis  University, 
Missouri,  in  1854;  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  in  the 
First  Iowa  Cavalry  in  June,  1861;  was  made  adju 
tant  of  the  regiment;  was  promoted  captain  and 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  volunteers  in  1862;  was 
promoted  and  brevetted  in  1864-1865,  and  served  to 
the  close  of  the  war;  has  since  practised  his  profes 
sion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,188 
votes  against  14,814  votes  for  Wesley  C.  Hobbs,  Demo 
crat,  and  several  hundred  votes  for  the  Greenback 
candidate,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Stone,  Michael  Jenifer  (brother  of  Thomas 
Stone),  was  born  in  Charles  County,  Maryland,  about 
1750 ;  received  an  academical  education ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  First  Con 
gress,  serving  from  June  8,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ; 
was  for  many  years  judge  of  the  Charles-county 
Court;  died  on  his  estate  in  Charles  County  in  1812. 

Stone,  Thomas  (brother  of  Michael  Jenifer 
Stone,  and  grandfather  of  Frederick  Stone),  was  born 
at  Pointon  Manor,  Charles  County,  Maryland,  in 
1743;  received  an  academical  education;  studied  law 
at  Annapolis  under  Thomas  Johnson;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1764,  and  commenced  practice  at  Fred 
erick  Town,  Maryland,  removing  in  1771  to  Charles 
County;  was  several  times  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate ;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  1775-1779  and  1784-1785;  was  ap 
pointed,  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed 
the  Federal  Constitution  early  in  1787,  but  domestic 
circumstances  compelled  him  to  decline ;  died  at  Port 
Tobacco,  Maryland,  October  5,  1787. 

Stone,  William,  was  born  in  Tennessee;  resided 
at  Delphi;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ten 
nessee  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (to  fill  the  va 
cancy  caused  by  the  dwth  of  James  Standifer)  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  four  other  Whigs  and  two  Demo 
crats,  serving  from  October  6,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1839. 

Stone,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Schanuqunk, 
New  York,  November  7,  1828;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  removed  to  St.  Louis  August  31, 
1848,  and  subsequently  resided  there  as  an  iron- 
manufacturer;  was  president  of  the  St.  Louis  Hot- 
Pressed  Nut  and  Bolt  Company;  was  a  member 
of  the  Twenty-sixth  General  Assembly  of  Missouri 
from  the  Eleventh  Ward  of  St.  Louis  County;  was 
a  member  of  the  St.  Louis  Board  of  Water  Commis 
sioners  from  June  5,  1871,  to  November  15,  1873, 


646 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


when  he  resigned  to  take  his  seat  in  the  House  of 
Representatives,  having  been  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Missouri  in  the  Forty-third.  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,179  votes  against  4,855)  votes 
for  J.  M.  Hilton,  Republican,  and  1,592  votes  for 
J.  J.  McBride,  Independent  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,175 
votes  against  5,506  votes  for  Robert  F.  Wingate, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  1, 1873,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Storer,  Bellamy,  was  born  at  Portland,  Maine, 
March  9,  1798;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Bowdoiu  College;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Cin 
cinnati,  Ohio,  in  1817;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  156  majority  over  Lytle,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  declined  a 
renomination;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay 
ticKet  in  1844;  served  three  terms  as  judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  for  the  district  of  Cincinnati,  re 
tiring  in  1872;  was  a  professor  in  the  Cincinnati 
Law  College;  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  June  1, 
1875. 

Storer,  Clement,  was  born  at  Kennebunk, 
Maine,  in  1700;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  medicine  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire, 
under  Dr.  Ammi  R.  Cutter,  and  afterwards  in 
Europe,  and  commenced  practice  at  Portsmouth; 
held  successively  commissions,  from  that  of  captain 
to  that  of  major-general,  in  the  militia;  was  repeat 
edly  chosen  a  member  of  the  State  legislature,  serving 
one  year  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving 
from  October  26,  1807,  until  March  3,  1809;  was 
elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Jeremiah 
Mason),  and  served  from  December  1,  1817,  until 
March  3,  1819;  was  high  sheriff  of  the  county  of 
Rockingham  1818-1824;  and  died  at  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  November  21,  1830. 

Storm,  John  B.,  was  born  in  Monroe  County, 
Pennsylvania,  September  19,  1838;  received  a  col 
legiate  education,  and  graduated  at  Dickinson  Col 
lege  in  July,  1861 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1863;  was  appointed  superintendent  of 
public  schools  in  1802,  and  was  twice  re-elected  to 
that  office;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,554  votes  against  5,209  votes 
for  Davis,  Republican,  and  2,357  votes  for  Klinehans, 
Independent ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  16,808  votes  against  10,569  votes 
for  A.  B.  Howell,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Storrs,  Henry  R.,  was  horn  at  Middletown, 
Connecticut,  in  17i>5;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1804;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Utica,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  6,  1819,  until  March  3,  1821 ; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and 
was  successively  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twen 
tieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1823,  until  March  3,  1831 ;  after  leaving 
Congress,  he  removed  to  New  York,  where  he  became 
a  prominent  practitioner  at  the  bar;  while  on  a  visit 
to  Connecticut,  he  died  suddenly  of  angina  pectoris 
at  New  Haven  July  29,  1837. 

Storrs,  William  Lucius,  was  born  at  Middle- 
town,  Connecticut,  March  25,  1795;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1814 ; 
studied  law  at  Whitestown,  New  York;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Middletown,  where  he  resided  until  1840;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Assembly  in  1827,  1828,  1829, 
and  1834,  serving  as  speaker  in  1834;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-first 


Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7. 1829,  until  March 
3,  1833;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig  by  134  majority,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  until  June,  1840,  when  he  resigned 
to  accept  the  appointment  of  associate  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Errors;  in  1846  he  was  appointed  professor 
of  law  at  Yale  College,  serving  until  1847;  in  1856 
he  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Errors, 
holding  the  position  until  his  death  at  Hartford  June 
25,  1861. 

Story,  Joseph,  was  born  at  Marblehead,  Massa 
chusetts,  September  18,  1779;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1798;  studied  law  with  Chief  Justice 
Scwall  of  Marblehead ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
July,  1801,  and  commenced  practice  at  Salem;  was 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  Massachusetts  in  1805,  1806-1807;  was 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (without  opposition) 
as  an  anti-War  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  created 
by  the  death  of  Jacob  Crowninshield),  and  served 
from  December  20,  1808,  until  March  3,  1809,  declin 
ing  a  renomination;  was  again  elected  to  the  House 
of  Representatives  of  Massachusetts  in  1811,  and  was 
chosen  speaker;  was  appointed  by  President  Madison 
associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  which  he 
held  until  his  death ;  was  appointed  Dane  professor 
in  the  Harvard  Law  School  in  1828,  when  he  re 
moved  from  Salem  to  Cambridge ;  received  the  degree 
of  doctor  of  laws  from  Harvard,  Brown,  and  Dart 
mouth  Colleges;  died  at  Cambridge  September  10, 
1845.  He  published  "Commentaries  on  the  Consti 
tution  of  the  United  States,"  and  other  law  works. 
His  decisions  fill  many  volumes,  and  he  was  a  con 
tributor  to  several  leading  reviews. 

Stoughton,  "William  L.,  was  born  at  New 
York  March  20,  1827;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1851 ;  was  prosecuting-attorney  in  1855-1859 ;  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  United-States  dis 
trict-attorney  for  the  district  of  Michigan  in  March, 
1861,  and  resigned  the  same  year  in  order  to  enter 
the  Union  army;  served  during  the  war  as  a  colonel 
and  brigadier-general,  and  was  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  major-general  by  brevet  for  gallant  and  meritori 
ous  services;  was  elected  attorney-general  for  the 
State  of  Michigan  for  1867  and  1868;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  25,196  votes  against 
17,396  votes  for  Chamberlain,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  17,502 
votes  against  13,923  votes  for  Henry  Chamberlain, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Stout,  Lansing,  was  born  at  Pamelia,  New 
York,  March  27,  1828;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  taught  school ;  worked  on  a  farm ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  California ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1856 ;  removed  to 
Oregon  in  1857,  and  practised  at  Portland ;  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Multnomah-county  Court  in 
1858;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Oregon  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,670  votes  against  5,631  votes  for  Logan,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1861;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  died  at  Portland,  Oregon,  in  1870. 

Stover,  John  H.,  was  born  at  Aaronsburg, 
Centre  County,  Pennsylvania,  April  24,  1833;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Aaronsburg;  was  elected  district-attorney  for 
Centre  County  in  1858 ;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1861  as  a  private,  and  was  at  once  chosen  captain, 
and  then  major,  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Sixth 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers ;  was  commissioned  colonel 
of  the  One  Hundred  and  Eighty-fourth  Pennsylvania 
Volunteers,  participating  in  all  the  battles  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  witnessing  the  surrender 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


647 


at  Appomattox  Court  House ;  removed  after  the  war 
to  Missouri,  locating  at  Versailles;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Missouri  in  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Joseph  W.  McClurg,  resigned)  as 
a  Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1808,  to 
March  3,  1800. 

Stow,  Silas,  was  born  in  Lewis  County,  New 
York;  resided  atLowville;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March 

3,  1813. 

Stowell,  "William  H.  H.,  was  born  at  Windsor, 
Vermont,  July  20,  1840;  was  educated  at  the  gram 
mar  and  high  schools  of  Boston,  Massachusetts; 
engaged  in  mercantile  business ;  settled  in  Virginia 
in  May,  18G5,  and  was  appointed  collector  of  internal 
revenue  for  the  Fourth  District  in  May,  1809;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
13,205  votes  against  9,989  votes  for  W.  L.  Owen, 
Conservative ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  15,393  votes  against  8,008  votes  for 
P.  W.  McKenney,  Democrat,  and  13  votes  for  C.  H. 
Porter,  Independent;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  14,583  votes  against  8,201 
votes  for  W.  H.  Mann,  Democrat,  and  38  votes  for 
Charles  H.  Porter,  Independent,  serving  from  March 

4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Stower,  John  G.,  was  born  at  Madison,  New 
York;  received  a  good  English  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1833-1834;  died  at 
Hamilton,  New  York. 

Strader,  Peter  "W.,  was  born  in  Warren 
County,  New  Jersey,  November  G,  1818;  his  parents 
immigrated  to  South-western  Obio  in  the  spring  of 
1819;  received  a  common-school  education  up  to 
twelve  years  of  age;  passed  three  years  in  a  print 
ing-office  ;  was  clerk,  engineer,  and  captain  on  the 
Ohio  and  Mississippi  Rivers  from  November,  1835, 
to  June,  1848,  then  general  ticket-agent  of  Little 
Miami  Railroad  to  February,  1807 ;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,483  votes  against 
10,272  votes  for  Eggleston,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Strait,  Horace  B.,  wras  born  in  Potter  County, 
Pennsylvania,  January  20, 1835;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  removed  to  Indiana  in  1854,  and 
from  there  to  Minnesota  in  1855;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  18G2  as  captain  in  the  Ninth  Minnesota 
Infantry;  was  promoted  to  major  of  said  regiment 
in  1804,  and  was  serving  at  the  close  of  the  war  as 
inspector-general  on  the  staff  of  General  McArthur ; 
was  elected  mayor  of  Shakopee  in  1870,  and  re- 
elected  in  1871  and  1872;  was  one  of  the  trustees  of 
the  Minnesota  Hospital  for  the  Insane  since  1800; 
after  the  close  of  the  war,  engaged  in  mercantile, 
manufacturing,  and  banking  business,  and  was  presi 
dent  of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Shakopee ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Minnesota  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,217  votes 
against  10,835  votes  for  C.  Graham,  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  13,742 
votes  against  13,521  votes  for  E.  St.  Julien  Cox, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  19,730  votes  against  14,990  votes 
for  E.  T.  Wilder,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1873. 

Stranahan,  J.  S.  T.,  was  born  on  Long  Island, 
New  York ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,927  votes 
against  7,023  votes  for  Taylor,  Democrat,  and  20  votes 
for  Jackson,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Strange,  Robert,  was  born  in  Virginia  Septem 
ber  20,  1796';  received  a  classical  education,  which 


was  completed  at  Hampden-Sidney  College;  stxulied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Fayetteville,  North  Carolina;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1821,  1822, 
1823,  and  1820;  was  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
North  Carolina  1826-1830;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  North  Carolina  as  a  Democrat 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Wil 
lie  P.  Mangum,  who  had  declined  to  obey  instruc 
tions  given  him  by  the  State  legislature),  and  served 
from  December  15,  1830,  until  1840,  when  he  in  turn 
declined  to  obey  the  instructions  of  the  North-Caro 
lina  legislature  (the  political  complexion  of  which 
had  become  changed),  and  resigned,  Mr.  Mangum 
being  at  once  elected  as  his  successor;  was  solicitor 
for  the  Fifth  Judicial  District  of  North  Carolina ;  and 
died  at  Fayetteville,  North  Carolina,  February  10, 
1854.  He  published,  for  private  circulation,  a  novel 
entitled  "Eoneguski,  or  The  Cherokee  Chief,"  which 
preserved  many  of  the  traditions  of  the  section  in 
which  he  resided. 

Stratton,  Charles  C.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey 
in  1790;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  was 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and 
received  his  credentials  bearing  the  "broad  seal"  of 
New  Jersey,  but  was  not  admitted ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  May 
31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  retired  to  his  farm  in 
Gloucester  County,  and  devoted  himself  to  agricul 
tural  pursuits;  died  at  Swedenborough,  New  Jersey, 
March  30,  1859. 

Stratton,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was  a 
member  of  the.  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1803. 

Stra,tton,  John  L.  N.,  was  born  at  Mount 
Holly,  New  Jersey,  in  1817;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1830; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Mount  Holly ;  wras  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,471  votes 
against  8,707  votes  for  Wall,  Democrat ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
13,582  votes  against  12,154  votes  for  Green,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3, 
1803;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Loyalists'  Con 
vention  at  Philadelphia  in  1808. 

Stratton,  Nathan  T.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
resided  at  Mullica  Hill ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  0,475  votes  against  5,824  votes 
for  Whitney,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  7,185  votes  against  6,SiG 
votes  for  Boyle,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Straub,  Christian  M.,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  resided  at  Pottsville;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1853, 
to  March  3,  1855. 

Strawbridge,  James  D.,  was  born  in  Montoiu 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1824;  received  an  academic 
education  at  Danville,  Pennsylvania ;  entered  Prince 
ton  College  in  1841,  and  graduated  in  1844;  gradu 
ated  in  medicine  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1847;  practised  medicine  at  Danville  until  the 
commencement  of  the  war;  entered  the  army  as  a 
brigade-surgeon  of  volunteers,  and  served  through 
out  the  war;  was  captured,  while  medical  director  of 
the  Eighteenth  Army  Corps,  in  front  of  Richmond, 
and  remained  three  months  in  Libby  Prison;  re 
sumed  the  practice  of  medicine  after  the  close  of  the 
war,  and  continued  in  practice  until  he  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,079  votes 


648 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


against  12,243  votes  for  B.  K.  Ehodes,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Street,  Randall  S.,  was  born  at  Catskill,  New 
York,  in  1780;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Poughkeepsie ;  was  appointed 
State  attorney  for  his  judicial  district  in  1810,  and 
re-appointed  in  1813;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
major  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  militia;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6, 
1810,  to  March  3,  1821;  removed  in  1823  to  Monti- 
cello,  New  York,  where  he  practised  until  he  died 
there  November  21,  1841. 

Strickland,  Randolph,  was  born  at  Danville, 
Steuben  County,  New  York,  February  4,  1823;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  engaged  in  teach 
ing;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1844;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  immediately  com 
menced  practice;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney 
in  Clinton  County  in  1852, 1854, 1856, 1858,  and  1862; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1861  and  1862 ; 
was  provost-marshal  from  April  24,  1803,  until  Oc 
tober  15,  1865;  was  a  member  of  tlie  State  Central 
.Republican  Committee  in  1867  and  1868;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Conventions  in  1856  and  1868; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
20,115  votes  against  16,720  for  Newton,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Strohm,  John,  was  born  at  Fulton  Township, 
Pennsylvania,  October  16,  1793;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  taught  school  for  six  years;  lo 
cated  at  New  Providence,  Pennsylvania;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1831-1833, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  1834-1811 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Whig;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1849. 

Strong,  Caleb,  was  born  at  Northampton,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  9,  1745;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1764; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  did  not 
commence  practice  until  1792 ;  was  one  of  the  Com 
mittee  of  Correspondence  and  Safety  in  1774-1775; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1776-1778;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1779;  was  a  State  councillor  or  a  State 
senator  1780-1786;  was  a  member  of  the  National 
Convention  which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States  in  1787 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  State  Convention  which  ratified  the  Consti 
tution  of  the  United  States  1787-1788;  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate  as  a  Federalist,  and  re- 
elected,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  until  1796,  when 
he  resigned;  was  governor  of  Massachusetts  1800- 
1807,  and  again  1812-1816;  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1809;  and  died  at  Northampton,  Massachusetts, 
November  7,  1819. 

Strong,  James,  was  born  atWindham,  Connect 
icut,  in  1783;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  the  University  of  Vermont  in  1806;  removed 
to  New  York,  and  located  at  Hudson ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  December  6,  1819, 
to  March  3, 1821 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twen 
tieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  at  Chester, 
New  Jersey,  August  8,  1847. 

Strong,  Jedediah,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1782-1784. 

Strong,  Julius  L.,  was  born  at  Bolton,  Con 
necticut,  Novembers,  1828;  entered  Union  College, 
but  left  in  his  senior  year,  and  entered  the  National 
Law  School  at  Ballston  Spa;  studied  law  with  Mar 
tin  Welles;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853,  and 
practised  at  Hartford ;  was  a  member  of  the  legisla 


ture  of  Connecticut  in  1852  and  1853;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,620  votes 
against  10,885  votes  for  Dixon,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
11,977  votes  against  11,691  votes  for  Dr.  A.  B.  Good 
rich,  serving  from  April  9, 1869,  to  September  7, 1872, 
when  he  died  at  Hartford,  Connecticut,  after  a  brief 
illness. 

Strong,  Selah  B.,  was  born  at  Brookhaven, 
Long  Island,  May  1,  1792;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1811 ;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and  practised  at 
Brookhaven;  was  State's  attorney  for  Suffolk  Coun 
ty;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,463  votes  against  3,354  votes  for  King,  Whig,  and  14 
votes  for  Williamson,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  for  the  Second  Judicial  District  June 
7,  1847-June  7,  1849. 

Strong,  Solomon,  was  born  in  Massachusetts 
in  1779;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1812-1813;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819; 
was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1818-1842; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1843  and  1844;  died  September  16,  1850. 

Strong,  Stephen,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Owego ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twen 
ty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,608 
votes  against  8,813  votes  for  Sweet,  Whig,  and  439 
votes  for  Avery,  American,  serving  from  December 
1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Strong,  Theron  R.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Palmyra ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1842;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
5,824  votes  against  5,670  votes  for  John  M.  Holley, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1841. 

Strong,  William,  was  born  in  Windham  Coun 
ty,  Connecticut;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Vermont;  was  for 
eight  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Vermont  in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  441  majority;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
to  March  2,  1815 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  on  a  general  ticket,  receiving  13,174  votes 
against  6,582  votes  for  John  Peck,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  was  for  eight  years 
sheriff,  and  subsequently  judge  of  the  County  Court. 

Strong,  William,  was  born  at  Somers,  Con 
necticut,  May  6,  1808;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1828;  studied  law,  sup 
porting  himself  by  teaching  school  in  Connecticut 
and  in  New  York;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Phila 
delphia  in  1832,  and  practised  at  Reading;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  8,452  votes  against 
4,014  votes  for  Adams,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
6, 1847,  to  March  3, 1851 ;  was  elected  in  1857  a  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania  for  fifteen 
years;  resigned  in  1868,  and  resumed  practice;  was 
appointed  by  President  Grant,  in  1870,  a  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United-States. 

Strother,  George  P.,  was  born  in  Culpepper 
County,  Virginia;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Culpepper  Court  House;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  tfefeating  John  Shackleford; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  defeating 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


649 


John  Shackleford,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to 
February  10,  1820,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
appointed  by  President  Monroe  receiver  of  public 
moneys  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri. 

Strother,  James  French,  was  born  in  Cul- 
peppcr  County,  Virginia,  September  4,  1811 ;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Culpepper 
Court  House;  was  for  ten  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  serving  as  speaker 
in  1847-1848;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1850;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  2,3 j7  votes  against  1,868  votes  for 
Morton,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851, 
to  March  3,  1853;  died  in  Culpepper  County,  Vir 
ginia,  September  21,  1860. 

Strouse,  Myer,  was  born  in  Germany,  Decem 
ber  10,  1825 ;  immigrated  to  the  United  States  with 
his  father  in  1832,  and  settled  at  Pottsville ;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  edited  "The  North- American 
Farmer"  at  Philadelphia  1848-1852;  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Pottsville  in  1853;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  9,239  votes  against  8,518  votes 
for  Campbell,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,154  votes  against 
10,071)  votes  for  Fisher,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  died  at^Pottsville, 
Pennsylvania,  February  11,  1878. 

Strudwick,  William,  was  born  in  North  Car 
olina;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Fourth  Congress  (in  place  of  Absalom 
Tatom,  resigned),  serving  from  December  13,  1796, 
to  March  3,  1797. 

Stuart,  Alexander  H.  H.,  was  born  at  Staun- 
tou,  Virginia,  April  2,  1867;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Staunton ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1836-1838;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twen 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Clay  ticket  in  1844,  and  on  the  Taylor  ticket  in 
1848 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Fillmore  secretary 
of  the  interior,  serving  from  September  12,  1850,  to 
March  3,  1853 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Con 
vention  which  nominated  Mr.  Fillmore  President  in 
1856 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1857-1861 ; 
wa£  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Convention 
at  Philadelphia  in  1866;  claimed  a  seat  in  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  representative  from  Virginia, 
but  was  not  admitted. 

Stuart,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Steubenville;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,423  votes  against 
6,885  votes  for  Brewer,  Whig,  and  1,220  votes  for  Lee, 
Free-Soiler,  serving  from  Decembers,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1855. 

Stuart,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
sided  at  Mount  Airy;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  N.  H.  Clairborne,  Van  Buren  Dem 
ocrat. 

Stuart,  Charles  E.,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  New  York,  November  25,  1810;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Kalamazoo,  Michigan ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1841-1846;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress  by  the  com 
bined  Whig  and  Free-soil  vote;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  11,923  votes 
against  11,508  votes  for  Williams,  Whig  and  Free- 
Soiler,  serving  from  December  1.  1851,  to  March  3, 


1853;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Michigan,  serving  from  March  4,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1859. 

Stuart,  David,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
moved  to  Michigan,  and  located  at  Detroit;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,125  votes 
against  9,370  votes  for  Howard,  Whig,  and  605  votes 
for  Dexter,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Stuart,  John  T.,  was  born  in  Fayette  County, 
Kentucky,  November  10,  1807;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Centre  College,  Kentucky, 
in  1826 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Springfield,  Illinois;  served 
as  a  private  in  the  Black  Hawk  war  of  1832;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1832  and  1834;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Illinois  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  18,405  votes  against  18,337  votes  for 
Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1839,  to  March  3.  1843 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1848-1852;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,808  votes  against  11,443  votes  for  Swett,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1865. 

Stuart,  Philip,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  received 
a  good  English  education;  served  in  the  Revolution 
ary  anny,  distinguishing  himself  at  the  battle  of 
Eutaw ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fif 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
to  March  3,  1819 ;  was  an  officer  of  Maryland  volun 
teers  during  the  British  invasion;  remained  in 
Washington  City  after  the  expiration  of  his  term 
of  congressional  service,  and  died  there  August  14, 
1830. 

Sturgeon,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
October  27, 1789;  resided  atUniontown;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a 
Democrat,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Pierce  United-States  treasurer  at  Philadelphia ;  died 
July  3,  1878. 

Sturgis,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Fairfield,  Con 
necticut,  August  23,  1740;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1759;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Fairfield ;  was  actively  engaged  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  First  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Second  Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to 
March  2,  1793;  was  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court  1793-1805;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1797 
and  1805;  died  at  Fairfield,  Connecticut,  October  4, 
1819. 

Sturgis,  Lewis  Burr,  was  born  at  Fairfield, 
Connecticut,  in  1762 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1782;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Ninth  Con 
gress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1817 ;  he  removed  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Norwalk, 
where  he  died  March  30,  1844. 

Sullivan,  George  (son  of  John  Sullivan),  was 
born  at  Durham,  New  Hampshire,  August  29,  1771 ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1790;  studied  law  under  Judge  Steele 
at  Durham ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Exeter  in  1793;  was  a  member  of  the 
Slate  House  of  Representatives  in  1805 ;  was  attorney- 
general  of  New  Hampshire  1805-1806;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Twelfth 
Congress,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  until  March 
3,  1813 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1813,  and  a  member  of  the  State 


650 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Senate  in  1814  and  1815;  was  again  attorney-general 
1810-1835;  and  died  June  14,  1838. 

Sullivan,  James  (brother  of  John  Sullivan), 
was  born  at  Berwick,  Massachusetts  (now  Maine), 
April  22,  1744;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 'and  com 
menced  practice  at  Biddeford;  was  king's  attorney 
for  the  county  of  York ;  took  an  active  part  in  pre- 
Revolutiouary  movements;  was  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Congress  of  Massachusetts  in  1775 ;  was 
judge  of  the  Superior  Court  in  1776 ;  was  a  delegate 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1782;  was  judge  of  probate  for  Suffolk  County; 
was  State  attorney-general  1790-1807 ;  was  governor 
of  Massachusetts  1807-1808;  died  at  Boston,  Decem 
ber  10,  1808.  He  published  "  Observations  on  the 
Government  of  the  United  States,"  "The  Path  to 
Riches,  or  Dissertation  on  Banks,"  "  History  of 
Maine,"  "Impartial  Review  of  the  Causes,  &c.,  of 
the  French  Revolution,"  "Correspondence  with 
Colonel  Pickering,"  "  History  of  Land-Titles  in 
Massachusetts,"  "  Dissertation  on  the  Constitu 
tional  Liberty  of  the  Press,"  and  "  A  History  of  the 
Penobscot  Indians."  His  "  Life,"  with  selections 
from  his  writings,  was  published  by  his  grandson, 
Thomas  C.  Amory. 

Sullivan,  John  (brother  of  James  Sullivan,  and 
father  of  George  Sullivan),  was  born  at  Dover,  New 
Hampshire,  February  17,  1741 ;  was  educated  by  his 
father.  John  O' Sullivan,  who  was  a  school-teacher; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Durham;  was  commissioned  as  major  of 
volunteers  in  1772,  and  was  at  the  capture  of  Fort 
William  and  Mary  in  1774  by  the  revolutionists; 
was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
in  1774,  and  was  re-elected  in  1775;  was  appointed 
by  Congress  a  brigadier-general  June  22,  1775,  and  a 
major-general  July  29,  1770,  serving  with  distinction 
until  he  resigned  in  1779 ;  was  again  eleated  a  dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1783,  and  was 
re-elected  in  1781;  was  attorney-general  of  New 
Hampshire  1782-1786,  and  president  of  that  State  in 
1786-1787;  was  president  of  the  State  Convention 
that  ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States, 
and  also  speaker  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1788;  was  a  presidential  elector,  voting  for 
Washington  and  Adams  in  1789,  and  in  March  of 
that  year  was  again  elected  president  of  the  State  of 
New  Hampshire;  was  appointed  by  President  Wash 
ington  judge  of  the  United-States  District  Court  for 
New  Hampshire,  and  occupied  that  position  until 
his  death  at  Durham,  New  Hampshire,  January  23, 
1795. 

Summers,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Fairfax 
County,  Virginia;  was  taken  early  in  life  to  Kana- 
wha  County,  in  the  western  part  of  that  State;  re 
ceived  a  good  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced  practice  at  Kana- 
wha  Court  House ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1830-1840;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  3,271  votes  against  2,942 
votes  for  Hays,  Democrat,  serving  from  May  31, 1841, 
to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  of  1850;  was  defeated  in  1851 
as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  of  Virginia;  was 
judge  of  the  Eighteenth  Judicial  Circuit  of  Penn 
sylvania  May,  1852-July,  1858;  was  a  delegate  from 
Virginia  to  the  Peace  Congress  at  Washington  in 
1861;  paid  much  attention  to  agricultural  pursuits. 

Sumner,  Charles,  was  born  at  Boston,  Massa 
chusetts,  January  6,  1811 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1830; 
studied  law,  graduating  at  the  Cambridge  Law 
School  in  1834;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Boston;  was  appointed  reporter 
of  the  United-States  Circuit  Court ;  lectured  at  the 
Cambridge  Law  School  1835-1837;  travelled  in  Eu 
rope  1837-1840 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 


from  Massachusetts,  after  a  prolonged  contest,  by  a 
coalition  of  Democrats  and  Free-Soilers  (to  succeed 
Daniel  Webster,  Whig) ;  was  re-elected  in  1857,  again 
re-elected  in  1863,  and  again  re-elected  in  I860,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1851,  until  his  death  at  Wash 
ington  City  of  angina  pectoris  March  11,  1874,  with 
the  exception  of  a  prolonged  absence  from  his  seat 
while  suffering  from  an  assault  made  on  him  at  his 
desk  in  the  Senate  Chamber  May  22,  1856,  by  Preston 
S.  Brooks,  a  representative  from  South  Carolina;  he 
revisited  Europe  in  1857,  and  again  in  1872.  He  pub 
lished  an  edition  of  Dunlap  "  On  Admiralty."  three 
volumes  of  "  Circuit-Court  Reports,"  an  edition  of 
Reese's  "  Chancery  Reports,"  and  a  large  number  of 
speeches  and  orations.  Collections  of  his  speeches 
were  published  in  1850  and  in  1856;  and  his  complete 
works,  revised  by  himself,  were  in  press  when  he 
died.  Memoirs  of  him  were  published  by  Edward  L. 
Pierce,  Elias  Nason,  C.  Edwards  Lester,  and  others. 

Sumter,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1734; 
removed  early  in  life  to  South  Carolina;  engaged  in 
the  war  against  the  Cherokees,  and  at  its  close  ac 
companied  Oconostotah,  or  "the  Emperor,"  to 
England,  returning  in  1763;  was  colonel  of  one  of 
the  first  Continental  regiments  raised  in  South  Caro 
lina,  and  distinguished  himself  by  his  persistent 
attacks  on  the  British  and  Tories  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  in  1780,  and  was  voted  the  thanks  of  Con 
gress  in  January,  1781 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Convention  of  South  Carolina  which  met  to  ratify 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and  voted 
against  it  on  the  ground  that  the  States  were  not 
sufficiently  shielded  by  it  from  Federal  usurpation ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina 
to  the  First  and  Second  Congresses,  serving  from 
May  25,  1789,  until  March  2,  1793 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses,  serving  from 
May  15,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  South  Carolina  as  a 
Democrat  (in  place  of  Charles  Pinckney,  resigned), 
serving  from  December  19,  1801,  to  March  3,  1809; 
took  his  seat  again  November  27,  1809,  and  resigned 
in  1810;  died  at  South  Mount,  near  Strasburg,  South 
Carolina,  June  1,  1832. 

Sumter,  Thomas  D.,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  removed  to  South  Carolina ;  resided  at 
Slatesburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1843. 

Sutherland,  Jabez  GK,  was  born  in  Onondaga 
County,  New  York,  October  6,  1825;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1848,  and  practised;  was  prosecuting- 
attorney  of  Saginaw  County  in  1848-1849;  was  a  del 
egate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conventions  of  1850 
and  1867 ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Represen 
tatives  of  the  State  legislature  in  1853 ;  was  elected 
circuit-judge  in  1863,  and  re-elected  in  1869;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  16,618 
votes  against  14,879  votes  for  John  F.  Driggs,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Sutherland,  Joel  B.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  receiv 
ing  1,108  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress,  receiving  2,366  votes  against  1,916  votes 
for  James  Gowen,  Clay  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  1,437  majority 
over  James  Gowen,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
1,764  votes  against  2,260  votes  for  Paynter,  Demo 
crat;  died  at  Philadelphia  November  15,  1861. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


651 


Sutherland,  Josiah,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Hudson;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  0,072  votes  against  5,940  votes  for 
Cowles,  Whig,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1853. 

Swan,  John,  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  and 
was  a  delegate  from  that  State  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1787-1788. 

Swan,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Somerset  County, 
New  Jersey,  in  1771:  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth, 
and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at  "Brunswick,  New 
Jersey,  August  24,  1844. 

Swann,  Thoma,s,  was  born  at  Alexandria,  Vir 
ginia  ;  educated  at  Columbian  College,  and  the  Uni 
versity  of  Virginia;  studied  law  with  his  father  at 
Washington,  arid  was  appointed  secretary  of  the 
Neapolitan  Commission ;  in  1834  he  settled  in  Balti 
more,  and  two  years  afterward  was  chosen  a  director 
of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad  Company;  in 
1847  he  was  chosen  its  president,  resigning  in  1853 ; 
was  also  president  of  the  North-western  Virginia 
Railroad  Company;  after  a  sojourn  in  Europe,  he 
was  in  1850  elected  mayor  of  Baltimore,  and  re- 
elected  in  1858;  in  18G4  he  was  elected  governor  of 
Maryland ;  in  1800  he  was  elected  United-States  sena 
tor,  but  declined  to  leave  the  executive  chair;  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,056  votes 
against  5,007  votes  for  King,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  15,137 
votes  against  10,414  votes  for  W.  Booth,  Republican ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
12,148  votes  against  10,880  votes  for  E.  Griswold,  Re 
publican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,244  votes  against 
6,810  votes  for  John  R.  Cox,  Republican;  and  was 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,259 
votes  against  12,728  votes  for  J.  H.  Butler,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1809. 

Swanwick,  John,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourth  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1795,  to  1798,  when  he  died. 

Swart,  Peter,  was  born  at  Schoharie,  New  York ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1798-1799;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  defeating  Thomas  Sam- 
moris,  serving  from  October  20,  1807,  to  March  3, 
1809;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1817-1820. 

Swearingen,  Henry,  was  born  in  Pennsylva 
nia;  removed  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Smithfield; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twen- 
ty-fit'lh  Congress  (in  place  of  Daniel  Kilgore,  who 
had  resigned,  and  appealed  to  his  constituents)  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  D.  Kilgore,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition, 
serving  from  December  3,  1838,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Swearingen,  Thomas  V.,  was  born  in  Jeffer 
son  County,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  defeating 
Edward  Colston;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  defeating  R.  Bailey  by  1,147  votes, 
serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  June  7,  1822, 
when  he  died  at  Shepherdstown,  Virginia. 

Sweat,  Lorenzo  D.  M.,  was  bom  at  Parson- 
ville,  Maine,  May  26,  1818 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1837; 
studied  law  at  the  Harvard  Law  School;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  practised  for  two  years 
at  New  Orleans,  Louisiana;  returning  to  Portland, 
he  was  city  solicitor  in  1850  and  1800;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  in  1862 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,332  votes  against  10,205 
votes  for  John  N.  Goodwin,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  was  de 


feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,578  votes  against  15,096 
votes  for  John  Lynch,  Union  Republican;  was  again 
defeated  for  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  11,666 
votes  against  15,611  votes  for  John  Lynch;  was  a 
delegate  from  Maine  to  the  National  Union  Conven 
tion  at  Philadelphia  in  1808. 

Sweeney,  W.  N.,  was  born  in  Kentucky  May 
5,  1832;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1871. 

Sweeny,  George,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Bucyrus ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1843. 

Sweetser,  Charles,  was  bom  in  Vermont ;  re 
moved  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Delaware ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,454  votes  against 
8,438  votes  for  Duncan,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,579  votes 
against  8,442  votes  for  Galloway,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Swift,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Amenia,  New 
York,  April  5,  1781;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1800, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Bennington,  removing 
subsequently  to  Manchester,  and  then  to  St.  Alban's; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1813,  1814,  1825,  and  1820;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Vermont  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831 ; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Vermont, 
serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1839; 
retired  to  his  farm,  and,  while  apparently  enjoying 
good  health,  fell  in  a  field,  and  died  November  11, 
1847. 

Swift,  Zephaniah,  was  born  at  Wareham,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1759;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1778;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Windham,  Connecticut ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Third  Congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  secretary  to  the 
French  mission  in  1800;  was  appointed  in  1801  a 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and  its  chief  justice 
1800-1819;  he  was  a  member  of  the  Hartford  Con 
vention  of  New-England  Federalists ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was  one  of  a 
commission  to  revise  the  laws  of  Connecticut;  and 
died  at  Warren,  Ohio,  September  27,  1823.  He  pub 
lished  "A  Digest  of  the  Laws  of  Connecticut"  (in 
two  volumes),  an  "Oration  on  Domestic  Slavery," 
a  "System  of  the  LaAvs  of  Connecticut,"  and  a 
"  Treatise  on  Bills  of  Exchange." 

Switzler,  William  Franklin,  was  born  in 
Fayette  County,  Kentucky,  March  10,  1819;  removed 
with  his  father  to  Missouri  in  1820;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1841,  and  commenced  practice  at  Columbia; 
established  "The  Columbia  Patriot"  in  1841,  and 
"The  Missouri  Statesman"  in  1843;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1840,  1848, 
and  1856;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Democratic  National 
Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1860;  was  appointed  in 
1802  military  secretary  of  state  for  Arkansas  under 
the  military  governor,  John  S.  Phelps;  was  appoint 
ed  by  President  Lincoln  in  1803  provost-marshal  in 
Missouri ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Missouri  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1865;  claimed  to  have  been 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and  the  committee 
on  elections  recognized  his  claim,  but  the  House  re 
fused  to  receive  him,  and  gave  the  seat  to  George  W. 
Anderson: 


652 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Swoope,  Jacob,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Elev 
enth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  Smith,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Swope,  Samuel  FM  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Falmouth;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  7,490  votes  against  0,991  votes 
for  Harris,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 1855, 
to  March  3,  1857. 

Sykes,  George,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
sided  at  Mount  Holly;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1847. 

Sykes,  James,  was  born  near  Dover,  Delaware ; 
was  prominent  in  pre-Revolutionary  measures ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1777-1778. 

Sylvester,  Peter,  was  born  at  Kinderhook, 
New  York;  received  an  academic  education;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  First 
Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Second  Congress, 
serving  from  April  22,  1789,  to  March  2,  1793. 

Sylvester,  Peter  H.,  was  born  at  Kinderhook, 
New  York,  February  17,  1807;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Union  College  in  1827; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Coxsackie,  New  York;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  6,621  votes  against 
3,893  votes  for  Olney,  Democrat,  and  3,453  votes  for 
Beekman,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Symmes,  John  Cleves,  was  born  on  Long 
Island  July  21,  1742;  was  chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  of  Safety  of  Sussex  County  in  1774 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Provincial  Congress,  and  one  of  the 
committee  of  ten  which  framed  the  first  State  Consti 
tution;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislative  Council; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army,  and  distinguished 
himself  in  covering  the  retreat  of  Washington  at 
Springfield,  and  at  the  battle  of  Monmouth;  was 
chief  justice  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1777-1787; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1785-1786 ;  removed  to  the  North-west  Ter 
ritory,  settling  at  North  Bend,  below  Cincinnati, 
where  he  and  his  associates  had  bought  a  large  tract 
of  land  known  as  the  "Miami  Purchase;"  this  en 
terprise  involved  him  in  pecuniary  difficulties,  from 
which  he  never  recovered,  though  they  left  no  stain 
upon  his  character;  in  1788  he  was  appointed  by 
Congress  one  of  the  three  judges  of  the  North-west 
Territory,  and  held  the  place  till  Ohio  became  a 
State;  one  of  his  daughters  was  the  wife  of  Presi 
dent  Harrison;  he  died  at  Cincinnati  February  26, 
1814,  and  was  buried  at  North  Bend  in  the  same 
cemetery  that  encloses  the  tomb  of  President  Har 
rison. 

Sypher,  Jay  Hale,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
July 22, 1837;  received  a  collegiate  education;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  a  private,  and  rose  through  all  the  grades  to 
that  of  brigadier-general,  which  he  held  when  mus 
tered  out  of  service  at  the  close  of  the  war,  November 
25,  1865;  located  in  Louisiana  in  January,  1866;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  at 
Chicago  which  nominated  Grant  and  Colfax;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  For 
tieth  Congress  as  a  Republican  by  3,000  majority ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  by  5,400  major 
ity  over  St.  Martin,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  by  a  majority  of  5,500  over 
Walker,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12.299 
votes  against  12,225  votes  for  E.  Lawrence,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  July  18,  1868,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Taber,  Stephen,  was  born  at  Dover,  New  York, 
March  7,  1821;  received  an  academical  e'ducation; 


removed  to  Queen's  County,  where  he  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
legislature  of  New  York  in  1860  and  1861 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,232  votes  against 
10,023  votes  for  G.  W.  Curtis,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  10,458 
votes  against  9,362  votes  for  Gleason,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Taber,  Thomas,  2d,  was  born  at  Dover,  New 
York,  May  19,  1785 ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  a  practical  farmer;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1826;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Thomas  J.  Oakley,  resigned) 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1828,  to 
March  3,  1829;  died  at  Dover,  New  York,  March  21, 
1862. 

Taffe,  John,  was  born  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana, 
January  30,  1827 ;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law,  and  practised  at  Indianapolis;  removed 
to  Nebraska  in  1856 ;  was  chosen  a  member  of  the 
lower  branch  of  the  Territorial  legislature  in  1858 
and  1859;  was  elected  to  the  upper  branch  or  council 
in  1860,  and  was  chosen  president  of  that  body;  en 
tered  the  military  service  in  1862,  and  served  fifteen 
months  as  major  of  the  Second  Nebraska  Cavalry ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Nebraska  in  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican  by  748  majority 
over  Paddock,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  For 
ty-first  Congress,  receiving  8,718  votes  against  5,992 
votes  for  Poppleton,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,375  votes  against  7,967  votes  for  G.  B.  Lake,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873; 
was  appointed  secretary  of  Colorado  in  1875. 

Taggart,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Londonderry, 
New  Hampshire,  March  24,  1754;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1774; 
studied  theology;  was  ordained  in  1777  as  pastor  of 
the  church  at  Coleraine,  Massachusetts,  and  filled 
the  position  until  1818;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth.  Eleventh, 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  October  17, 1803,  to  March  3, 1817 ;  died 
at  Coleraine,  Massachusetts,  April  25,  1825.  He  pub 
lished  a  number  of  religious  and  political  pamphlets. 

Tait,  Charles,  was  born  in  Louisa  County,  Vir 
ginia,  in  1768;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Georgia;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  Georgia;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Georgia  (in  place  of  John  Mil- 
ledge,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber"  28,  1809,  to  March  3,  1819;  removed  to  Wilcox 
County,  Alabama;  was  a  judge  of  the  District  Court 
of  Alabama  1820-1826 ;  died  in  Wilcox  County,  Ala 
bama,  October  7,  1835. 

Talbot,  Isham,  was  born  in  Bedford  County, 
Virginia,  in  1773;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  1812-1815;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky  (in  place  of 
Jesse  Bledsoe,  resigned),  serving  from  February  2, 
1815,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  again  elected  a  senator 
(in  place  of  William  Logan,  resigned),  serving  from 
November  27,  1820,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  near 
Frankfort,  Kentucky,  September  25,  1837. 

Talbot,  Silas,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island  in 
1751;  received  a  public-school  education;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  captain  in  a  Rhode-Island 
regiment ;  was  at  the  siege  of  Boston ;  accompanied 
the  army  to  New  York,  where  he  so  annoyed  the 
British  shipping  in  the  harbor  that  Congress  ordered 
his  promotion  to  the  rank  of  major;  was  wounded  in 
the  defence  of  Fort  Miftlin  in  1777;  rendered  impor 
tant  services  to  General  Sullivan  in  1778  by  trans 
porting  the  Continental  troops  from  the  main  land  to 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


653 


the  upper  end  of  Rhode  Island ;  captured  the  British 
floating-battery  "Pigot"  off  Newport,  and  received 
for  his  bravery  the  commission  of  lieutenant-colonel; 
armed  his  prize,  and.  with  the  armed  sloop  '' Argo," 
cruised  off  New  England,  capturing  a  number  of 
prizes ;  was  commissioned  captain  in  the  Continental 
navy  September  17,  1770;  was  captured  by  a  British 
fleet  in  1780,  and  imprisoned  in  England  until  he 
was  exchanged  in  1781 ;  after  the  war,  he  purchased 
the  confiscated  estate  of  Sir  William  Johnson  in 
Montgomery  County,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1792-1793;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Third  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795;  was  recommis- 
sioned  by  President  Washington  captain  in  the 
United-States  navy;  superintended  the  building  of 
the  frigate  "  Constitution,"  which  he  commanded 
on  the  West-India  station  in  1799;  resigned  in  Sep 
tember,  1800;  resided  in  New- York  City,  and  died 
there  June  30,  1813.  The  "Life  of  Silas  Talbot" 
was  published  by  H.  T.  Tuckerman. 

Talbott,  Albert  G.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Danville;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,586  votes  against  0,570  votes 
for  Fox,  American ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  7,025  votes  against  6,861  votes 
for  Anderson,  American,  serving  from  December  3, 
1S55,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Taliaferro,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1750 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  in  the  rifle 
corps  commanded  by  General  Morgan;  was  in  the 
battles  of  Saratoga  and  Monmouth,  and  at  the  siege 
of  Savannah ;  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  British  at 
the  surrender  of  Charleston;  settled  in  Georgia;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1708;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Sixth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1799,  to  1802,  when  he  resigned;  was 
judge  of  the  Superior  Court;  died  in  Wilkcs  County, 
Georgia,  September  3,  1821. 

Taliaferro,  John,  was  born  in  Spottsylvania 
County,  Virginia,  in  1768;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March 
3,  1803;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson 
ticket  in  1805;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress  (having  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  John  P.  Hungerford),  serving  from  December  2, 
1811,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Monroe  ticket  in  1821 ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  "William  Lee  Ball, 
deceased),  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving 
from  April  8,  182-1,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  librarian  of 
the  Treasury  Department  at  Washington  1850-1853 ; 
died  at  "Hagley"  (his  residence  in  King  George 
County,  Virginia)  August  12,  1853. 

Taliaferro,  Robert  W.,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican ;  a  majority  of  the  Committee 
on  Elections  reported  that  he  was  entitled  to  a  seat, 
but  such  was  the  opposition  that  no  vote  was  taken 
on  the  resolution,  although  on  the  last  day  of  the 
session  lie  was  voted  $2,000  for  compensation,  mile 
age,  and  expenses. 

Tallmadge,  Benjamin  (father  of  Frederick 
Augustus  Tallmadge),  was  born  at  Setauket,  Long 
Island,  New  York,  February  25,  1754;  was  thoroughly 
educated  by  his  father,  who  was  a  clergyman;  took 
charge  of  a  school  at  Wetherstield,  Connecticut ;  en 
tered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  lieutenant  in  a  Con 
necticut  regiment,  and  soon  rose  to  the  rank  of 
colonel;  distinguished  himself  throughout  the  war, 
and  was  for  some  years  on  duty  at  Washington's 


headquarters,  having  charge  of  the  secret  corre 
spondence;  after  the  war,  he  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursyits  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut;  held  several  local 
offices ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecti 
cut  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh, 
Twelth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1817; 
died  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  March  17,  1835. 

Tallmadge,  Frederick  Augustus  (son  of 
Benjamin  Tallmadge),  was  born  at  Litchfield,  Con 
necticut,  August  29,  1792;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1811 ;  studied  law 
at  the  Litchfield  Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  York  in  1813; 
commanded  a  troop  of  volunteer  cavalry  on  Long 
Island  during  the  closing  months  of  the  war  with 
Great  Britain;  was  assistant  alderman  1834,  and 
alderman  1836 ;  was  State  senator  1837-1840,  and  a 
portion  of  that  time  president  of  the  Senate;  was 
recorder  of  the  city  of  New  York  1841-1846 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  WJhig,  receiving  4,205  votes 
against  1,809  votes  for  David  Broderick,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1847,  until  March  3,  1849; 
was  again  recorder  of  the  city  of  New  York  1848- 
1851 ;  was  superintendent  of  the  metropolitan  police 
1857-1862 ;  was  clerk  of  the  New- York  Court  of  Ap 
peals  1862-1865;  and  died  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut, 
September  17,  1869. 

Tallmadge,  James,  jun.,  was  born  at  Stam 
ford,  New  York,  January  28, 1778 ;  receivecl  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1798; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice,  but  devoted  much  of  his  time  to  agricultu 
ral  pursuits;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  commander 
of  a  company  of  home  guards ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March 
3,  1819 ;  declined  a  re-election ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1821 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1824; 
was  lieutenant-governor  of  New  York  1826-1827; 
visited  Russia,  and  secured  the  introduction  of 
United-States  cotton-spinning  machinery  into  that 
country;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  American 
Institute  at  New  York,  and  its  president  during  the 
last  twenty  years  of  his  life;  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  New- York  City  University,  and  for  some  years 
president  of  its  council ;  died  suddenly  at  New- York 
City  September  29,  1853. 

Tallmadge,  Nathaniel  P.,  was  born  at  Chat 
ham,  New  York,  February  8,  1795;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Union  College;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Poughkeepsie ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1828,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1830-1833;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  York  as  a  Conservative 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  June 
17,  1844,  when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Tyler  governor  of  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin, 
and  removed  by  President  Polk,  serving  1844-1846; 
resumed  practice ;  and  died  at  Battle  Creek,  Michi 
gan,  November  2,  1864. 

Tallman,  Peleg,  was  born  at  Tiverton,  Rhode 
Island,  in  1764;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  when  a  lad  on  the 
privateer  "Trumbull;"  lost  an  arm  in  a  naval  en 
gagement  in  1780;  was  captured  and  imprisoned  in 
England  and  Ireland  in  1781-1783;  entered  the  mer 
chant  service,  and  became  a  merchant  at  Bath, 
Massachusetts  (afterwards  Maine);  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twelfth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  but  refused  to  support  the 
war,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3, 
1813,  and  declining  a  re-election;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  of  Maine  1821,  1822;  died  at  Bath, 
Maine,  November  2,  1864. 

Tannehill,  Adamson,  was  born  in  Frederick 


654 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


County,  Maryland,  in1  1752;  received  a  public-school 
education;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  Avar  as  cap 
tain  of  riflemen;  removed  to  Pennsylvania, .  and 
commenced  •  the  cultivation  of  a  small  farm  near 
Pittsburg;  was  a  justice  of  the  peace;  opposed  the 
Whiskey  Insurrection ;  was  brigadier-general  of  Penn 
sylvania  volunteers  in  the  United-States  service  from 
September  25  to  December  31,  1812;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
to  March  2,  1815;  died  near  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania, 
July  7,  1817. 

Tanner,  Adolphus  H.,  was  born  at  Granville, 
New  York,  May  2:3, 1833;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Whitehall,  New  York; 
in  18(52  he  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  captain, 
and,  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty-third  Regiment  of  New-York  Volunteer  In 
fantry,  served  until  the  close  of  the  war,  —  first  in 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  subsequently  through 
out  the  Atlanta  campaign  and  that  of  the  Carolinas; 
he  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
17,054  votes  against  14,641  votes  for  Osgood,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1S09,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Tappan,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Northampton, 
Massachusetts,  May  25, 1773;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  was  apprenticed  to  learn  the  art  of  copper 
plate  engraving  and  printing;  gave  some  attention  to 
portrait-painting;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Steubenville,  Ohio ; 
was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  of 
Ohio  in  1803;  served  as  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Wadsworth  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  a  judge  of  the 
County  Court,  and  then,  for  seven  years,  presiding 
judge  of  the  Fifth  Ohio  Circuit  Court  of  Common 
Pleas ;  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  United- 
Slates  judge  for  the  district  of  Ohio  in  1833;  was 
elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  from  Ohio  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Thomas  Ewing,  Whig,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1839,  until  March  3,  1845 ;  be 
came  a  decided  antislavery  man;  died  at  Steuben 
ville,  Ohio.  April  12,  1857. 

Tappan,  Mason  W.,  was  born  at  Newport, 
New  Hampshire;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Bradford,  New  Hampshire;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Beprcsentatives 
1853-1855;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
American,  receiving  12,129  votes  against  8,650  votes 
for  Morrison,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,685 
votes  against  9,180  votes  for  Morrison,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,288  votes  against  10.228  votes  for  John  H. 
George,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1861 ;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  colo 
nel  of  the  First  New-Hampshire  Volunteer  Infantry 
April  29,  1861-August  9, 1861. 

Tarbox,  John  Kemble,  was  born  in  that  por 
tion  of  Methuen  now  comprised  within  the  limits  of 
the  city  of  Lawrence  May  6,  1838;  was  fitted  for 
college  in  the  public  schools  and  academy,  but  was 
obliged  to  relinquish  a  collegiate  course  by  delicate 
health;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1860,  and  has  since  practised  at  Lawrence;  was  for 
a  time,  while  pursuing  his  legal  studies,  political 
editor  of  "The  Lawrence  Sentinel,"  a  Democratic 
journal ;  served  in  the  Union  army  during  the  war 
as  a  line-officer  of  the  Fourth  Regiment  Massachu 
setts  Volunteers;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1868,  1870,  and  1871,  and  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1872 ;  was  mayor  of  Lawrence 
in  1873,  1874;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  8,979  votes  against  7,415  votes 
for  James  C.  Ayer,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as  the 


Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  9,379  votes  against  12,100  votes  for  Benja 
min  F.  Butler,  Republican. 

Tarr,  Christian,  was  born  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land;  removed  to  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Tate,  Magnus,  resided  in  Berkeley  County, 
Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia 
in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Tatnall,  Edward  P.,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Seventeenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  without  op 
position,  serving  from  December  3, 1821,  to  March  3, 
1827. 

Tatnall,  Josiah,  was  born  at  Bonaventure,  Geor 
gia;  received  an  academical  education  at  Nassau, 
New  Providence,  but,  on  the  breaking  out  of  Revolu 
tionary  hostilities,  he  returned  to  Georgia  without  the 
knowledge  of  his  parent  s,  and  at.  the  age  of  eighteen 
joined  the  command  of  General  Wayne;  was  colonel 
of  a  regiment  of  State  troops  raised  in  1793  for  pro 
tection  against  the  Indians;  was  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  State  Hoxise  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Georgia  (in 
place  of  James  Jackson,  resigned),  serving  from 
April  12,  1796,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  State  troops  in  1800;  died  at 
Nassau,  New  Providence,  June  6,  1803. 

Tatum,  Absalom,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1795,  to  1796,  when  he  resigned. 

Taul,  Micah,  was  born  in  Virginia;  removed  to 
Kentucky;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  receiving  a  large 
majority  over  Mr.  Montgomery,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Taylor,  Alexander  Wilson,  was  born  in  In 
diana  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  22,  1815;  was 
educated  at  the  Indiana  Academy,  and  at  Jefferson 
College,  Washington  County,  Pennsylvania;  left  col 
lege  in  the  spring  of  1836  to  fill  an  appointment  as 
clerk  in  the  surveyor-general's  office  of  Pennsylva 
nia;  studied  law  at  the  law-school  in  Carlisle,  Penn 
sylvania,  and  in  the  office  of  Judge  White  at  Indiana, 
Pennsylvania;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841, 
and  practised;  in  1845  was  elected  prothonotary  and 
clerk  of  the  several  courts  of  Indiana  County,  and 
was  re-elected  in  1848;  was  a  member  of  the  legisla 
ture  of  Pennsylvania  in  1859  and  1860;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,982 
votes  against  13,289  votes  for  H.  D.  Foster,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Taylor,  Caleb  N.,  was  born  in  Bucks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  July  27,  1813;  received  an  academic 
education;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,259 
votes  against  11,800  votes  for  Ross,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (having  success 
fully  contested  the  election  of  John  R.  Reading), 
serving  from  December  5,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Taylor,  George,  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1716; 
received  a  good  education;  immigrated  to  the  United 
States  in  1736;  became  a  day-laborer  in  iron-works  at 
Durham,  Pennsylvania,  and  in  time  was  the  owner  of 
iron-works  in  Northumberland  County;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Colonial  House  of  Representatives  1764- 
1769;  was  appointed  colonel  of  militia,  and  judge  of 
the  County  Court,  in  1770;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  House  of  Representatives  in  1775;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  1776-1777 ;  negotiated  treaties  of  peace  with 
several  Indian  tribes  while  he  was  a  delegate  in  Con- 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


655 


gress;  removed  to  Easton,  Delaware,  and  died  there 
February  23,  1,781. 

Taylor,  George,  was  born  at  Wheeling,  Vir 
ginia,  October,  19,  1820;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  medicine,  and  subsequently  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Indiana;  removed  to  Alabama  in  1844, 
and  in  1848  removed  to  Brooklyn,  New  York,  where 
ha  practised ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  8,591  votes  against  5,8(39  votes  for  Strana- 
han,  Republican,  and  5,476  votes  for  Wood,  Ameri 
can,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1859;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,578  votes 
against  0,475  votes  for  Humphrey,  Opposition,  and 
5,581  votes  for  Litchfield,  Independent  Democrat; 
resumed  practice  at  Washington  City.  He  published 
"  Indications  of  the  Creator,"  and  several  essays 
upon  educational  topics. 

Taylor,  John,  was  born  in  Orange  County, 
Virginia;  was  a  planter,  and  did  much  towards  ad 
vancing  the  science  of  agriculture ;  was  appointed 
United-States  senator  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of 
Richard  Henry  Lee,  resigned) ;  took  his  seat  Decem 
ber  12,  1792;  was  elected  for  six  years  from  March  4, 
1793,  and  resigned  in  1794;  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1797;  was  again  appointed  a  senator  (in  place  of 
Stevens  T.  Mason,  deceased),  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  to  December  13,  1803,  when  A.  B.  Venable 
took  his  seat;  was  elected  a  senator  (in  place  of  James 
Pleasants,  resigned),  defeating  H.  St.  George  Tucker 
and  John  Tyler,  and  serving  from  December  30, 1822, 
until  his  death  in  Caroline  County,  Virginia,  August 
20,  1824.  He  published  "An  Enquiry  into  the  Prin 
ciples  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States," 
"Agricultural  Essays,  by  'Arator,'  "  "Construction 
Construed,"  "  Tyranny  Unmasked,"  "New  Views  of 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,"  and  several 
essays  on  political  and  agricultural  subjects. 

Taylor,  John,  was  born  at  Columbia,  South 
Carolina,  May  14, 1770;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1790 ;  commenced 
the  study  of  law  in  January,  1791,  with  Charles 
Cotesworth  Pinckney,  at  Charleston;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  June,  1793,  and  entered  into  practice  at 
Columbia,  but  was  more  particularly  devoted  to 
planting;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Tenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from  October  2(3, 1807, 
to  December  31,  1810,  when,  having  been  elected  a 
United-States  senator  (in  place  of  Thomas  Sumter, 
resigned),  he  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate,  serving 
until  1816,  when  he  resigned ;  was  again  elected  a 
representative  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  181(3  to  March  3,  1817;  was  defeated  as  a  can 
didate  for  the  Fifteenth  Congress  by  Elias  Earle; 
was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  by  William  Lowndes;  was  a  State  senator 
in  1822;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina  182(3-1828; 
and  died  at  his  residence  on  Taylor's  Hill,  Columbia, 
South  Carolina,  February  23,  1832. 

Taylor,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
removed  to  New  York,  and  settled  atOwego;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,426 
votes  against  8,410  votes  for  Cook,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Taylor,  John  L.,  was  born  in  Stafford  County, 
Virginia,  March  7,  1805;  received  an  academical  ed 
ucation;  studied  law  at  Washington  City;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Chillicothe,  Ohio,  in  1829;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  314  majority  over  the  Democratic  candidate ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
7,449  votes  against  6,624  votes  for  Cleveland,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress, 
receiving  5,850  votes  against  5,321  votes  for  McCpr- 
mick,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third 


Congress,  receiving  7,653  votes  against  6,7G3  votes  for 
Sherer,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1855 ;  was  appointed  a  clerk  in  the  Interior 
Department  at  Washington  in  1870;  and  died  sud 
denly  at  his  desk  September  6,  1870. 

Taylor,  John  W.,  was  born  in  Saratoga  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  in  1784;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Union  College  in  1803;  studied  law  at 
Albany;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1806,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Ballston  Spa;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature  1812-1813;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  and  was  successively  re-elected  to  the 
Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eigh 
teenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from  May  24, 1813, 
to  March  2,  1833 ;  was  speaker  of  the  House  during" 
the  second  session  of  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (Mr. 
Speaker  Clay  having  found  it  impossible  to  attend 
until  after  the  holidays),  and  also  of  the  Nineteenth 
Congress;  removed  in  September,  1843,  to  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  where  he  resumed  practice;  and  died  Septem 
ber  18,  1854. 

Taylor,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  settled  at  Newark ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1841. 

Taylor,  Joseph  W.,  was  born  in  Cumberland 
County,  Kentucky,  in  1820;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College,  Kentucky; 
removed  to  Alabama  in  1838;  studied  law  with  Judge 
H.  I.  Thornton  in  Greene  County,  and  practised  for 
several  years;  was  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay 
and  Frelinghuysen  ticket  in  1844;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1845  and  1847, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1855;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  and  his  credentials  were  presented  on  the  7th 
of  February,  1866,  but  he  was  refused  a  seat;  was 
chosen  president  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 
Southern  University;  was  editor  of  "The  Tuscaloosa 
Times." 

Taylor,  Miles,  was  born  in  New  York ;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Donaldsonville, 
Louisiana;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisi 
ana  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  6,180  votes  against  5,811  votes  for  Hunt, 
American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  4,950  votes  against  4,892  votes  for 
Burke,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  5,908  votes  against  4,459  votes 
for  Nichols,  Opposition,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  February  5,  1861,  when  he  retired  from  the 
House. 

Taylor,  Nathaniel  G.,  was  born  in  Carter 
County,  Tennessee,  December  29,  1819;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College 
in  1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1843,  and  commenced  practice ;  became  a  preacher  in 
the  Methodist-Episcopal  Church  South;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Scott  ticket  in  1853 ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (in  place  of  Brookins  Campbell,  de 
ceased)  as  a  Whig,  receiving  617  majority,  serving 
from  March  30,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  a  presi 
dential  elector  on  the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,236  votes  against  4,460  votes  for  Miller,  and 
1,626  votes  for  Randolph,  serving  from  July  24,  1866, 
to  March  3,  1867 ;  was  appointed  by  President  John 
son  commissioner  of  Indian  affairs,  serving  from 
March  26,  1867,  to  April  21,  1869. 

Taylor,  Nelson,  was  born  at  South  Norwalk, 
Connecticut,  June  8,  1821;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  New  York;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  captain  in  the  First  New-York  Vol 
unteer  Infantry  August  1,  1846- August  1,  1S48 ;  was 


656 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  California  in  1849; 
was  president  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  State 
Insane  Asylum  1830-1836;  was  sheriff  of  San  Joa- 
quin  County  in  1853;  returned  to  New  York;  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  Seventy-second 
New-York  Volunteer  Infantry;  was  promoted  to  be 
brigadier-general  in  1802;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  9,272  votes  against  4,286  votes 
for  Maclay,  Mozart  Democrat,  and  3,921  votes  for 
Ellery,  Kepublican,  serving  from  December  4,  1805, 
to  March  3,  1807. 

Taylor,  Robert,  was  born  in  Virginia;  resided 
at  Orange  Court  House ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5.  1825,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Taylor,  Waller,  was  born  in  Lunenburg  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Indiana,  and  located  at  Vincennes;  was 
Territorial  judge  in  1800;  served  as  aide-de-camp  to 
General  Harrison  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  with 
him  at  the  battle  of  Tippecanoe ;  was  elected  a  Unit 
ed-States  senator  from  Indiana  as  a  Democrat,  and 
re-elected,  serving  from  December  12,  1810,  to  March 
3,  1825;  died  in  Lunenburg,  Virginia,  August  20, 
1826. 

Taylor,  William,  was  born  in  Connecticut  in 
1793;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Onondaga  County, 
New  York,  when  quite  young;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  medicine;  was  licensed  to 
practise,  and  was  a  practising  physician  at  Manlius, 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March 
3,  1839;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives  in  1841  and  1842;  died  at  Manlius,  New 
York,  September  0,  1843. 

Taylor,  William,  was  born  at  Alexandria,  Vir 
ginia;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  Rockingham  County,  Virginia ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receivng  1,983  votes  against 
1,347  votes  for  A.  H.  II.  Stuart,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1843,  to  January  17.  1846,  when  he  died  very 
suddenly  at  Washington  City. 

Taylor,  William  P.,  was  born  at  Fredericks- 
burg,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  957  votes  against  070  votes  for  John  Roane, 
Democrat,  and  182  for  Upshur,  Independent,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  by  John  Roane,  Democrat. 

Tazewell,  Henry,  was  born  in  Brunswick  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  in  1753;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1773,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  a  member  of  the  Provincial  House  of 
Burgesses  in  1775;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  of  1776;  was  elected  judge  in 
1785,  and  judge  of  the  High  Court  of  Appeals  in  1793; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia 
(in  place  of  John  Taylor,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  29,  1794,  to  January  24,  1799,  when  he 
died  at  Philadelphia. 

Tazewell,  Littleton  Walker,  was  born  at 
Williamsburg,  Virginia,  December  17,  1774;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  William  and 
Mary  College  in  1791 ;  studied  law  with  John  Wick- 
ham  at  Richmond;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Williamsburg  in  1796 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1798;  removed  to  Norfolk,  Virginia,  in  1801;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Sixth 
Congress  (in  place  of  John  Marshall,  resigned)  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  November  20,  1800,  to  March 
3,  1801;  was  one  of  the  commissioners  of  claims 


under  the  treaty  with  Spain  ceding  Florida  in  1820; 
was  offered  the  mission  to  Great  Britain  by  Presi 
dent  Jackson  in  1829,  and  declined  it;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia  (in  place  of 
John  Taylor,  deceased),  serving  from  December  29, 
1824,  to  July  16,  1832,  when  he  resigned;  died  at 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  May  6,  1860.  He  published  "A 
Review  of  the  Negotiations  between  the  United 
States  and  Great  Britain."  A  discourse  on  his  life 
by  Hugh  B.  Grisby  was  published  in  1860. 

Teese,  Frederick  H.,  was  born  at  Newark, 
New  Jersey,  October  21,  1823;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1843; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Newark ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1860-1861,  and 
was  elected  speaker  that  year;  was  appointed  pre 
siding  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Essex 
County  in  1864,  and  was  re-appointed  in  1869;  and 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,876 
votes  against  13,768  votes  for  Marcus  L.  Ward,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Telfair,  Edward  (father  of  Thomas  Telfair), 
was  born  in  Scotland  in  1735;  received  a  classical 
education  at  Kirkcudbright  Grammar  School ;  immi 
grated  to  the  Province  of  Virginia  in  1735  as  the 
factor  of  a  mercantile  house  in  Glasgow ;  removed  to 
Halifax,  North  Carolina,  and  in  1706  established 
himself  as  a  commission  merchant  at  Savannah, 
Georgia;  took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1777-1779  and  in  1780-1783;  was  one  of  the 
commissioners  in  17S3  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with  the 
Cherokees;  died  at  Savannah,  Georgia,  September 
17,  1807. 

Telfair,  Thomas  (son  of  Edward  Telfair),  was 
born  at  Savannah,  Georgia;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  18U5; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Savannah;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  State-rights 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817; 
died  at  Savannah,  Georgia,  April  2, 1818. 

Teller,  Henry  M.,  was  born  in  Alleghany 
County,  New  York,  May  23,  1830;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  New  York,  and  has  since 
practised ;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1858,  and  from 
there  to  Colorado  in  1801 ;  never  held  office  until  he 
was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  (on  the  ad 
mission  of  Colorado  as  a  State)  as  a  Republican,  and 
took  his  seat  December  4,  1870;  and  was  re-elected 
December  11,  1870.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3,  1883. 

Teller,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Dutchess  County, 
New  York,  in  1798;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  Gilbert  Dean, 
resigned)  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  4,  1854, 
to  March  3,  1855;  died  at  Mattawan,  New  York, 
April  30,  1808,  while  riding  in  a  wagon,  and  the  horse 
that  he  was  driving  went  on  for  several  miles  before 
it  was  discovered  that  the  driver  was  dead. 

Temple,  MTilliam,  was  born  in  Queen  Anne 
County,  Maryland,  February  28,  1815;  received  an 
academical  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  at  Smyrna,  Delaware;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1844,  and  was 
chosen  speaker;  by  the  death  of  the  governor  and 
the  president  of  the  Senate,  he  became  acting  gov 
ernor  of  Delaware;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1845-1854;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Dela 
ware  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  8,003  votes  "against  8,014  votes  for  George 
P.  Fisher,  Republican;  died  before  taking  his  seat, 
at  Smyrna,  Delaware,  August  8,  1803. 

Ten  Eyck,  Egbert,  was  born  in  Rensselaer 
County,  New  York,  April  18,  1779 ;  received  a  clas- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


657 


sical  education,  graduating  at  Williams  College; 
studied  law  at  Albany ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Watertown,  New  York ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1812-1813,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1832; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1827;  was  judge  of  the  Jefferson-county 
courts;  died  at  Watertown,  New  York,  April  11, 
1844. 

Ten  Eyck,  John  C.,  was  born  at  Freehold, 
New  Jersey,  March  12,  1814;  received  an  academical 
education  from  private  tutors;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Mount  Holly,  New  Jersey;  was  prosecuting-attor- 
ney  for  Burlington  County  1839-1849;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1844;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey  as 
a  Republican,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1865. 

Tenney,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Byfielcl  Parish, 
Newbury,  Massachusetts;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1772 ;  studied 
medicine  with  Dr.  Kittredge  at  Andover;  was  li 
censed,  and  commenced  practice  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire ;  served  as  surgeon  in  the  Revolutionary 
army ;  returned  to  Exeter,  and  was  judge  of  probate 
for  Rockingham  County;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Sixth  Congress  (in 
place  of  William  Gordon,  resigned);  was  re-elected 
to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  8,  1800,  to  March  3,  18G5 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sci 
ences  ;  died  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  February  (i, 
1816.  He  published  a  number  of  political,  scientific, 
and  agricultural  essays. 

Tef  rill,  William,  was  born  at  Sparta,  Georgia ; 
received  a  thorough  English  education;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  "the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  declined  a  re 
election  ;  took  a  great  interest  in  the  promotion  of 
agricultural  science;  donated  in  1853  twenty  thou 
sand  dollars  for  the  foundation  of  the  Terrill  profess 
orship  of  agriculture  in  the  University  of  Georgia; 
died  at  Sparta,  Georgia,  July  4,  1835. 

Terry,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Enfield,  Con 
necticut,  in  1768;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1786;  held  several 
State  and  local  offices;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3.  1819;  died  at 
New  Haven^  Connecticut,  June  14,  1844. 

Terry,  William,  was  born  in  Amherst  County, 
Virginia,  August  14,  1824;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1848;  taught  school;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wytheville  in 
September,  1851 ;  was  for  some  eighteen  months  one 
of  the  editors  and  proprietors  of  "The  Telegraph;" 
was  in  the  military  service  of  Virginia  in  the  "  John 
Brown  raid  "  in  1859;  entered  the  Confederate  army 
in  April,  1861,  as  lieutenant  in  the  Fourth  Virginia 
Infantry,  "Stonewall  Brigade;"  served  during  the 
war,  and  by  successive  promotions  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  March  20,  1864;  was  nominated 
for  Congress  in  1868,  but,  being  under  political  dis 
abilities,  he  afterward  withdrew;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Conservative,  receiving  10,398  votes  against 
4,384  votes  for  F.  McMullin,  independent  Democrat, 
and  3,922  votes  for  R.  W.  Hughes,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Conserva 
tive,  receiving  8,052  votes  againSt  1,821  votes  for 
G.  W.  Henderlite,  Republican,  and  6,763  votes  for 


F.  McMullin,  Independent,  serving  from  December 
6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Test,  John,  was  born  at  Salem,  New  Jersey; 
received  a  public-school  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Brookville,  Indiana;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Clay 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3, 
1827;  was  defeated  as  the  Clay  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Twentieth  Congress  by  Oliver  H.  Smith, 
Jackson  Democrat,  who  received  1,371  votes;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  Jonathan  McCarty,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1831;  was 
presiding  judge  of  an  Indiana  Circuit  Court;  re 
moved  to  Mobile,  Alabama,  where  he  practised; 
died  near  Cambridge  City,  Indiana,  October  9,  1849. 

Thacher,  George,  was  born  at  Yarmouth,  Mas 
sachusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  April  12,  1754;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1776;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1778,  and  commenced  practice  at  York,  re 
moving  to  Biddeford  in  1782;  was  a  delegate  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  the  Maine  District 
of  Massachusetts  in  the  First  Congress,  and  was 
successively  re-elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  Fourth, 
Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Massachusetts,  and  afterwards  of  Maine, 
1800-1824 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  Maine  in  1819;  and  died  at  Biddeford, 
Maine,  April  6,  1824. 

Thacher,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Cambridge, 
Massachusetts,  July  1, 1776;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1793;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1797,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  New  Gloucester,  in  that  portion 
of  Massachusetts  which  was  afterwards  Maine ;  re 
moved  to  Warren  in  1800;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1801-1811 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  Silas  Lee,  resigned), 
receiving  815  votes  against  608  votes  for  Kinsley; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  6,  1802,  to  March  3,  1805;  was  sheriff  of 
Lincoln  County  1814-1821 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  of  Maine  in  1824; 
removed  to  Bangor,  Maine,  in  1866,  and  died  there 
July  19,  1872. 

Thayer,  Eli,  was  born  at  Mendon,  Massachu 
setts,  June  11,  1819;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1843 ;  became  the 
principal  of  the  Worcester  (Massachusetts)  Academy, 
and  in  1851  founded  the  collegiate  institute  for  girls 
known  as  the  "  Oread  Institute;  "  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1853-1854;  or 
ganized  the  emigration  of  antislavery  men  into 
Kansas  under  the  auspices  of  the  Emigrant-Aid 
Society;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  8,920  votes  against  4,414  votes  for  A.  De 
Witt,  American,  2,987  votes  for  Wood,  Democrat,  and 
292  votes  for  Thurston,  American;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,280  votes 
against  2,962  votes  for  Wood,  Democrat,  and  31  votes 
scattering,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
3,  1861;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  7,949 
votes  against  9,745  votes  for  G.  F.  Bailey,  Republican, 
and  109  votes  for  S.  W.  A.  Stevens. 

Thayer,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Bellingham, 
Massachusetts,  January  24,  1820 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University,  Rhode 
Island;  studied  law;  went  to  Nebraska  in  1854;  was 
elected  major-general,  in  which  capacity  he  organized 
and  commanded  two  expeditions  against  hostile  In 
dians;  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  of  Nebraska;  was  a  member  of  the  upper  branch 


G58 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


of  the  Territorial  legislature  in  1860;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  First  Nebraska  Volun 
teers  in  1861 ;  was  appointed  brigadier-general,  and 
brevet  ted  major-general  "for  distinguished  services;" 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Nebraska  as 
a  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 18(37,  to  March  4, 
1871;  was  appointed  governor  of  Wyoming  Territory 
by  President  Grant  in  1875,  and  superseded  by  Presi 
dent  Hayes  in  1878. 

Thayer,  M.  Russell,  was  born  at  Petersburg, 
Virginia,  January  27,  1819;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1840;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1842,  and  commenced  practice  at  Philadelphia;  was 
appointed  in  18G2  by  the  governor  of  Pennsylvania  a 
commissioner  to  revise  the  revenue  laws  of  that 
State;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,605  votes  against  9,543  votes  fur  Carri- 
gan,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  11,007  votes  against  10,729  votes 
for  Ross,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1803, 
to  March  3,  1867;  declining  a  re-election,  he  was 
appointed  a  judge  of  the  District  Court  of  Phila 
delphia  in  1867,  and  in  1868  was  elected  by  the 
people  a  judge  of  the  same  court  for  ten  years;  was 
appointed  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  a 
member  of  the  board  of  visitors  to  the  Military 
Academy;  in  1874,  under  the  new  constitution  of 
Pennsylvania,  he  was  appointed  president-judge  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Philadelphia. 

Theaker,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  in  York  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  February  1,  1812;  received  an 
academical  education ;  removed  to  Bridgeport,  Ohio, 
in  1830;  was  a  machinist,  and  constructor  of  flour- 
mills;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
7,311  votes  against  7,219  votes  for  B.  F.  Spriggs, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 1859,  to  March 
3,  1861;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candi 
date  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
8,510  votes  against  9,609  votes  for  Morris,  Democrat; 
was  appointed  one  of  a  board  of  commissioners  to 
investigate  the  workings  of  the  Patent  Office;  was 
appointed  by  President  Johnson  commissioner  of 
patents,  serving  August  17,  1865-June  6,  1868. 

Thibodeaux,  Bannon  G.,  was  born  in  Louisi 
ana;  was  reared  as  a  sugar-planter;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1849;  died  in  the  parish  of  Terrebonne,  Louisiana, 
March  11,  1806. 

Thomas,  Benjamin  S.,  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  February  12,  1813;  removed  to 
Worcester  in  1819;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1830;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Worcester;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1842;  was 
judge  of  probate  1844-1848;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848; 
was  a  judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1853-1859; 
removed  to  Boston,  where  he  practised,  residing  at 
West  Roxbury;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Conservative  Unionist,  receiving  2,774  votes  against 
305  scattering  votes,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1863;  resumed  practice  at  Boston.  He 
published  "Law  of  Towns  and  Town-Officers," 
"Suggestion*  upon  the  Personal-Liberty  Law.'' 

Thomas,  Charles  R.,  was  born  in  Carteret 
County,  North  Carolina,  February  7,  1827;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University 
of  North  Carolina  in  June,  1849;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law;  was  elected  one  of  the  judges  of  the 
Superior  Court  in  April,  1868,  and  resigned  on  his 
election  as  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
about  2,900  majority  over  L.  W.  Humphrey,  Demo 


crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  20.072  votes  against  Il,6z7  votes  for  Kit 
chen,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Thomas,  Christopher  Y.,  was  born  in  the 
county  of  Pittsylvania,  Virginia,  March  24,  1818; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  June,  1844,  and  practised  at 
Martinsville;  was  elected  in  1859  to  the  State  Senate 
of  Virginia  for  a  term  of  four  years;  was  elected  in 
1867  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Virginia,  held  under  the  reconstruction  acts;  was 
elected  in  1869  to  the  State  legislature  of  Virginia 
for  a  term  of  two  years,  which  included  two  regular 
sessions  and  one  extra  session;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,421  votes  against  9,299 
votes  for  Alexander  M.  Davis,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  5,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as 
the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress,  receiving  7,723  votes  against  10,221  votes  for 
George  C.  Cabell,  Democrat. 

Thomas,  David,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  New  York ;  resided  at  Salem ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1794-1800; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  7,  1801,  to  May  1,  1808,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  treasurer  of  the  State  of  New  York 
February  18,  1812-February  10,  1813. 

Thomas,  Dorsey  B.,  was  born  in  Tennessee ; 
claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress;  but  the 
House  gave  the  seat  to  Samuel  M.  Arnell,  paying 
Thomas  §1,658.80  on  condition  that  he  took  the  same 
oath  as  a  member,  except  as  regarded  the  duties  of 
the  office. 

Thomas,  Francis,  was  born  in  Frederick  Coun 
ty,  Maryland,  Februarys,  1799;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  St.  John's  College,  Annapo 
lis;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Frankville ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1822,  1827,  and 
1829,  serving  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  president  of  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal  Company  in  1839  and 
1840;  was  elected  governor  of  Maryland,  serving 
1841-1844,  fighting  a  duel  during  the  canvass  with 
William  Price,  and  becoming  soon  afterwards  in 
volved  in  a  domestic  difficulty  which  culminated  in 
a  divorce ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1850;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Union  Republican,  receiving 
13,462  votes  against  320  votes  scattering;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
12,118  votes  against  68  votes  scattering;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
11,899  votes  against  7,551  votes  for  Syester,  Demo 
crat:  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  11,252  votes  against  9,230  votes  for  Maulsby, 
Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1869 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Grant  collector  of 
internal  revenue,  serving  from  April,  1870,  until  he 
was  appointed  minister  to  Peru,  serving  from  March 
25,  1872,  to  July  9,  1875;  retired  to  his  farm  near 
Frankland,  where  he  was  killed  by  a  locomotive 
while  he  was  walking  on  the  railroad-track  January 
22,  1876. 

Thomas,  Isaac,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Thomas,  James  Houston,  was  born  in  Iredell 
County,  North  Carolina,  September  22,  1808;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Columbia 
College,  Tennessee,  in  1830;  studied  law;  was  ad- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


659 


mittocl  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Colum 
bia,  Tennessee;  was  attorney-general  of  Tennessee 
183(5-1842;  became  the  law-partner  of  James  K.  Polk; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  6,136  votes  against 
4,802  votes  for  Buchanan,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress,  receiving  3,672  votes  against  4,812  votes  for 
Polk,  Whig;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  9,023  votes  against  no  opposition, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Thomas,  Jesse  B.,  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
the  West ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Indiana  Ter 
ritory  (which  included  Illinois)  in  the  Tenth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Benjamin  Parke,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  1,  1808,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  the  North 
western  Judicial  District;  was  elected  one  of  the  first 
United-States  senators  from  Illinois,  serving  from 
December  4,  1818,  to  March  3,  1829;  removed  to 
Mount  Yernon,  Ohio ;  committed  suicide  in  a  fit  of 
mental  aberration  by  severing  the  jugular  vein  with 
a  razor  February  3,  1850. 

Thomas,  John  C.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Sixth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801. 

Thomas,  John  L.,  jun.,  was  born  at  Balti 
more,  Maryland,  May  20,  1835;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1856,  and  commenced  practice  at  Baltimore;  was 
city-solicitor  of  Baltimore  1861-1863;  was  elected 
State  attorney  in  1863 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1863;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,541  votes 
against  4,102  votes  for  Stevenson  Archer,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1867; 
was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  5,014  votes  against  7,091 
votes  for  Stevenson  Archer,  Democrat;  was  ap 
pointed  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Balti 
more. 

Thomas,  Philemon,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina  in  17(54;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky,  where  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  was  leader  of  the 
party  of  Americans  which  settled  on  the  banks  of 
the  Lower-Mississippi  River,  and  in  1810  rose  in  arms 
against  the  Spanish  authorities,  who  exercised  au 
thority  over  what  is  now  Mississippi  and  Louisiana 
as  a  part  of  the  Spanish  colony  of  West  Florida; 
settled  at  Baton  Rouge;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Louisiana  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  at 
Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  November  18,  1847. 

Thomas,  Philip  Francis,  was  born  in  Talbot 
County,  Maryland,  September  12,  1810;  was  educated 
at  the  public  schools,  and  at  Dickinson  College; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Easton,  Maryland;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1836 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Delegates 
in  1838,  1843,  and  1845;  was  a  representative  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2, 
18'W,  until  March  3,  1841 ;  was  judge  of  the  Eastern- 
Shore  Land-Office  Court  of  Maryland;  was  elected 
governor  of  Maryland  in  1847 ;  was  appointed  commis 
sioner  of  patents  February  16,  1860 ;  was  appointed 
secretary  of  the  treasury  by  President  Buchanan 
December  10,  1860,  and  served  until  January  11, 
1861 ;  was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Mary 
land,  but  was  refused  a  seat  February  19,  1868;  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,465  votes  against  10,147 
votes  for  H.  H.  Goldsborough,  Republican. 

Thomas,  Richard,  was  born  at  Philadelphia 
in  1745;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  was  elect 


ed  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3, 
1801 ;  died  at  Philadelphia  in  1832. 

Thomasson,  William  P.,  was  born  in  Henry 
County,  Kentucky;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  when 
eighteen  years  of  age,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Corydon,  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  Indiana 
House  of  Representatives;  removed  to  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  in  1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,900  votes  against  4,497  votes  for 
Lecompte,  Democrat,  and  1,152  votes  for  Sprigg,  In 
dependent;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  513  majority,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  declined  being  a  candidate 
for  re-election ;  removed  to  Chicago,  where  he  prac 
tised  until  1861,  when  he  entered  "the  Union  army  as 
the  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Illinois  Volunteer  In 
fantry. 

Thompson,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Charles- 
town,  Massachusetts,  August  5,  1798;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  was  repeatedly  placed  at  the  head  of  each  de 
partment  of  the  government  of  the  town  of  Charles- 
town  before  it  was  created  a  city,  presiding  over  the 
board  of  overseers  of  the  poor,  over  the  committee 
of  public  schools,  and  over  the  board  of  selectmen ; 
was  several  times  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives,  and  twice  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  334  majority  over  William  Parmeter,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3, 
1847;  declined  a  re-election;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  on  the  ninth  successive  trial, 
defeating  John  W.  Palfrey,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  September  24,  1852,  when  he 
died  at  Charlestown,  Massachusetts. 

Thompson,  Charles  P.,  was  born  at  Braintree, 
Massachusetts,  July  30,  1827;  was  educated  at  the 
common  schools,  and  at  the  Hollis  Institute,  Brain- 
tree;  studied  law  with  Benjamin  F.  Hallett  of  Bos 
ton  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854,  and  remained 
in  Mr.  Hallett' s  office  until  the  spring  of  1857,  acting 
as  second  assistant  United-States  district-attorney; 
since  then  has  practised  law  in  Gloucester;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1871,  1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mas 
sachusetts  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  8,703  votes  against  7,731  votes  for 
Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,003  votes  against  12,119  votes  for 
George  B.  Loring,  Republican. 

Thompson,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Ohio  in 
1806;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Jefferson  College  in  1826;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  appointed 
United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Virginia  in 
1849;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,251  votes  against  3,850  votes  for  Haymond,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  July  30,  1852, 
when  he  resigned  to  accept  a  seat  on  the  bench  of 
the  Circuit  Court,  to  which  he  had  been  elected,  de 
feating  Joseph  L.  Fry.  He  published  "  The  Living 
Forces  of  the  Universe,"  "Address  on  Common 
Schools,"  "Right  of  Virginia  to  the  North-west 
Territory,"  "Life  of  Lewis  Boyd,"  and  several 
magazine  articles. 

Thompson,  Hedge,  was  born  at  Salem,  New 
Jersey;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  nearly 
5,000 "  majority,  sen-ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to 
July  20,  1828,  when  he  died  at  Salem,  New  Jersey. 

Thompson,  Jacob,  was  born  in  Caswell  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  May  15, 1810;  received  a  classical 


660 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina,  and  afterwards  serving  there  as  tutor 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834 
removed  to  Mississippi  in  1835;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  on  a  general  ticket ;  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sev 
enth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket; 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  an  anti- 
Hard-paying  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket ;  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  7,191  votes  against  6,033  votes  for  Josselyn, 
Independent;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-iirst 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,190  votes  against 
6,301  votes  for  Bradford,  Whig,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,  1839,  until  March  3,  1851;  declined  a  re 
election;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan 
secretary  of  the  interior  March  6,  1857,  and  resigned 
January  8,  1861 ;  was  appointed  by  the  legislature  of 
Mississippi  a  commissioner  to  urge  North  Carolina 
to  secede;  was  governor  of  Mississippi  1862-1864; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  aide-de-camp  to 
General  Beauregard,  and  inspector-general  for  the 
department  of  Mississippi;  was  a  special  agent  of 
the  Confederate  Government  in  Canada. 

Thompson,  James,  was  born  at  Middlesex, 
Pennsylvania,  October  1,  1806;  received  an  academi 
cal  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Erie,  Pennsylvania ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1832-1834, 
presiding  during  the  last  year  as  speaker;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in  1836; 
was  presiding  judge  of  the  Judicial  District  Court 
1838-1844;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,509 
votes  against  7,026  votes  for  Campbell,  Whig,  and 
229  votes  for  Mann,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1851;  resumed  practice;  was 
a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania  1847- 
1852;  was  made  chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1866. 

Thompson,  Joel,  was  born  in  Albany  County, 
New  York ;  removed  to  Smyrna ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1798, 1803,  and 
18U4;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815. 

Thompson,  John,  was  born  at  Stillwater,  New 
York;  received  a  public-school  education;  was  for 
several  years  one  of  the  officers  of  Saratoga  County; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2,  1799,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from 
October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Thompson,  John,  was  born  at  Rhinebeck,  New 
York,  July  4,  1809;  received  a  classical  education  at 
Union  and  Yale  Colleges;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Poughkeepsie, 
New  York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,247  votes  against  7,972  votes  for  Cham- 
berlin,  Democrat,  and  3,116  votes  for  Teller,  Ameri 
can,  serving  from  December  7, 1857,  to  March  3,  1859. 

Thompson,  John  B.,  was  born  in  Kentucky 
in  1810;  received  a  good  English  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Har- 
rodsburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  iu  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Simeon  H.  Anderson,  deceased)  as  a  Whig;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  6,779 
votes  against  6,019  votes  for  C.  A.  Wickliffe,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  6,586  votes,  with  no  opposition,  servin" 
from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  elect 


ed  a  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky,  serving 
from  March  4,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859;  died  at  Har- 
rodsburg,  Kentuckv,  January  7,  1874. 

Thompson,  John  M.,  was  born  in  Butler 
County,  Pennsylvania,  January  4,  1830;  was  edu 
cated  at  Witherspoon  Institute;  studied  law  with 
S.  A.  Purviance;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855, 
and  practised  at  Butler,  Pennsylvania;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  Pennsyl 
vania  in  1859  and  1860,  the  last  year  its  speaker; 
served  as  major,  and  subsequently  as  lieutenant- 
colonel,  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-fourth  Regi 
ment  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and  participated 
in  the  battles  of  the  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam, 
and  Fredericksburg,  in  the  last  of  which  he  was 
wounded;  was  a  delegate  at  large  to  the  Chicago 
Convention  which  nominated  General  Grant  in  1872 ; 
was  the  messenger  who  conveyed  the  electoral  vote 
of  Pennsylvania  to  Washington ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican  December  22,  1874  (to  fill  the 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Ebenezer  Mc- 
Junkin),  receiving  a  majority  of  3,397  votes  over 
R.  P.  Nevin,  Independent,  serving  from  January  5, 
1875,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,511  votes  against 
16,486  votes  for  James  Sheakley,  Democrat,  serving 
from  October  15,  1877. 

Thompson,  Mark,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Fourth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1799. 

Thompson,  Philip,  was  born  in  Kentucky ;  re 
sided  at  Yellow  Bank;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  killed 
in  a  duel  February  20,  1829. 

Thompson,  Philip  R.,  was  born  in  Culpepper 
County,  Virginia,  in  1776;  was  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Seventh 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March 
3,  1807;  died  in  Kanawha  County,  Virginia,  July  22, 
1857. 

Thompson,  Richard  W.,  was  born  in  Culpep 
per  County,  Virginia,  June  9,  1809;  received  a  good 
classical  education;  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1831, 
and  was  a  clerk  in  a  small  store  at  Louisville ;  re 
moved  to  Lawrence  County,  Indiana ;  taught  school ; 
was  a  clerk,  selling  goods  by  day,  and  studying  law 
by  night ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Bedford,  Indiana;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1834  and 
1835,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1836  and  1837 ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler 
ticket  in  1840;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was 
defeated  as  a  Whig  candidate  for  presidential  elector 
on  the  Clay  and  Frelinglmysen  ticket  in  1844;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,402  votes  against  6,224  votes  for  Wright, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1849;  declined  a  renomination;  was  offered  the 
Austrian  mission  by  President  Taylor,  but  declined 
it ;  was  offered  the  recordership  of  the  General  Land 
Office  by  President  Fillmore,  but  declined  it;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Convention  of 
1869  at  Chicago,  where  he  framed  and  read  the  plat 
form;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Grant  and 
Johnson  ticket  in  1864;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Na 
tional  Republican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1868, 
and  at  Cincinnati  in  1876;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Hayes  secretary  of  the  navy  March  12,  1877. 

Thompson,  Robert  A.,  was  born  at  Kanawha 
'ourt  House,  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative 
:rom  Virginia  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  3,961  votes  against  3,510  votes  for 
McComas,  Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


661 


March  3,  1849 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  2,087 
votes  against  2,873  votes  for  Haymond,  Whig;  re 
moved  to  California,  where  he  was  appointed  State 
land  commissioner. 

Thompson,  Thomas  W.,  was  born  at  New- 
bury,  Massachusetts,  in  1765;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1786; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Salisbury,  New  Hampshire,  1790-1810,  when  he  re 
moved  to  Concord,  and  continued  practice  until  1819; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1813,  1814,  and  speaker;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1895,  until  March  3,  1807;  was 
State  treasurer  of  New  Hampshire  1809;  was  ap 
pointed  to  the  United-States  Senate  (in  the  place  of 
Nicholas  Gilman,  deceased) ;  served  from  September 
19,  1814,  until  March  3,  1817;  died  at  Concord,  New 
Hampshire,  in  October,  1819. 

Thompson,  Waddy,  was  born  at  Pickensville, 
South  Carolina,  September  8, 1798;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  South-Carolina  College 
in  1814;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1819,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  legislature ;  was  solicitor  for  the  Western 
Circuit  of  South  Carolina;  was  a  brigadier-general 
of  militia;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Floyd 
ticket  in  1833;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
receiving  500  majority  over  Norris,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
1,065  majority,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1841;  was  appointed  by  President  Tyler 
minister  to  Mexico,  serving  February  10,  1842-March 
9,  1844;  died  at  Tallahassee,  Florida,  November  23, 
1808.  He  published  "  Recollections  of  Mexico." 

Thompson,  W^iley,  was  born  in  Amelia  Coun 
ty,  Virginia;  removed  to  Georgia,  and  located  at 
Elberton ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Crawford  Demo 
crat,  defeating  Thomas  W.  Cobb;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  receiving  10,371  votes  on  a 
general  ticket;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  2, 
1833. 

Thompson,  W^illiam,  was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania  ;  removed  to  Iowa,  and  located  at  Mount  Pleas 
ant;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  defeating  Jesse  13.  Brown, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  June  29, 
185!J,  when  his  seat  was  declared  vacant  by  the 
House ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  captain  in  the 
First  Iowa  Cavalry;  was  successively  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  major  and  colonel;  was  brevetted  briga 
dier-general,  and  commanded  a  brigade  of  cavalry; 
at  the  close  of  the  war,  was  appointed  captain  of 
cavalry  in  the  regular  army;  was  placed  on  the  re 
tired  list  at  his  own  request. 

Thomson,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Franklin 
County.  Pennsylvania;  served  an  apprenticeship  as 
a  sickle-maker;  studied  Latin  with  Judge  .Grier; 
studied  law  with  Judge  Riddle;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Chambersburg;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Todd, 
resigned) ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  0,  1824,  to  May  1,  1826,  when 
he  resigned;  was  city-judge  of  Lancaster,  and  then 
president-judge  of  the  circuit  until  1838;  was  for 
some  years  a  professor  in  the  law-school  of  Marshall 
College;  died  at  Chambersburg  suddenly  of  paraly 
sis  August  2,  1848. 

Thomson,  John,  was  born  in  Franklin  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1777;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine;  was  admitted  to  practice, 


and  located  at  New  Lisbon,  Ohio;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  defeating  John 
Sloane;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twen 
ty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  at  New 
Lisbon,  Ohio,  December  2,  1852. 

Thomson,  John  R.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  September  5,  1800;  entered  Princeton 
College,  but  left  in  the  junior  year  to  engage  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  made  a  voyage  to  China  in  1817; 
established  himself  as  a  merchant  at  Canton  in  1820, 
and  was  United-States  consul  at  that  port  1823-1825; 
returning  home,  he  became  a  director  of  the  New- 
Jersey  Canal  Company;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  Jersey  as  a  Democrat,  and  re- 
elected,  serving  from  December  5, 1853,  to  September 
12,  1862,  when  he  died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey. 

Thorington,  James,  was  born  in  North  Caro 
lina;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  Alabama;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Davenport, 
Iowa;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,424  votes  against  9,873  votes  for  Hempsted.  Demo 
crat,  and  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 
1857 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  United- 
States  consul  to  Aspinwall. 

Thornburgh,  Jacob  M.,  was  born  at  Newmar 
ket,  East  Tennessee,  July  3,  1837,  and  there  educat 
ed  at  Holston  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1861,  and  commenced  practice  at  Knox- 
ville ;  in  May,  1862,  joined  the  Federal  army  in  Ken 
tucky  under  General  George  W.  Morgan  as  a  private, 
and  was  promoted  until  he  became  colonel  of  the 
Fourth  Tennessee  Cavalry  in  June,  1863;  served 
under  Generals  Rosecrans,  Sherman,  Thomas,  and 
Canby  until  the  close  of  the  war,  when  he  returned 
to  Jefferson  County,  East  Tennessee,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law ;  in  1867  he  removed  to  Knoxville ; 
was  appointed  by  Governor  Brownlow  attorney-gen 
eral  of  the  Third  Judicial  District  of  Tennessee,  and 
was  elected  to  the  same  position  in  1869,  and  again 
in  1870;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee 
in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  10,078  votes  against  5,619  votes  for  A.  Caldwell, 
Democrat,  and  2,633  votes  for  A.  E.  Garrett,  Inde 
pendent;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  8,168  votes  against  7,338  votes  for  George 
W.  Mabry,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,326  votes  against  9,603 
votes  for  W.  Cullom,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1873. 

Thornton,  Anthony,  was  born  in  Bourbon 
County,  Kentucky,  November  9,  1814;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Miami  University, 
Ohio;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Shelby ville,  Illinois;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1847  and  1862 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1850;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1867. 

Thornton,  Matthew,  was  .born  in  Ireland  in 
1714;  immigrated  to  America  when  a  lad;  resided  a 
few  years  at  Wiscasset,  then  reaioved  to  Worcester, 
Massachusetts,  where  he  received  an  academical  ed 
ucation;  studied  medicine;  was  licensed,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Londonderry,  New  Hampshire; 
served  as  surgeon  in  Pepperell's  expedition  against 
Louisburg  in  1745;  was  colonel  of  a  regiment  of 
militia;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  de 
clared  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  to  be  thence 
forth  a  sovereign  State,  and  its  president;  was  a  del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1778;  was 
chief  justice  of  the  County  of  Hillsborough  1778- 


662 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1780  ;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New 
Hampshire  1780-1782;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1783,  and  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  1784;  was  a  State  councillor  1785;  died  at  New- 
buryport,  Massachusetts,  June  24,  1804. 

Throckmorton,  James  W.,  was  born  at 
Sparta,  Tennessee,  February  1,  1825;  his  father  emi 
grated  to  Texas  in  1841;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  elected  to  the  State 
legislature  of  Texas  in  1851,  and  served  continuously 
as  representative  and  senator  until  18(51 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Secession  Convention  of  Texas,  and 
was  one  of  the  seven  members  of  that  body  that 
voted  against  the  ordinance  of  secession;  served  as 
captain  and  major  in  the  Confederate  service  from 
the  spring  of  1861  until  November,  1803,  when  he 
was  again  returned  to  the  Senate ;  in  1804  was  ap 
pointed  by  the  governor  brigadier-general  of  State 
troops,  and  commander  on  the  north-west  border  of 
the  State  in  May,  1804,  under  authority  of  the  Con 
federate-States  Government,  and  also  that  of  the 
State  of  Texas;  he  concluded  a  treaty  with  all  the 
wild  tribes  of  Indians  on  the  Texas  border,  including 
the  Comanches,  Lipans,  Cheyennes,  and  other  small 
bands;  returned  from  the  plains  in  the  discharge  of 
this  duty  in  June  after  the  surrender;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Constitutional  Convention  under  President 
Johnson's  proclamation,  and  was  chosen  the  presid 
ing  officer  of  that  body ;  was  elected  governor  of  the 
State  of  Texas  for  a  term  of  four  years ;  was  inaugu 
rated  August  8,  1800,  and  removed  by  order  of  Gen 
eral  Sheridan  August  9, 1807 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Texas  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  24,118  votes  against  1,283  votes  for  J. 
C.  Bigger,  Republican. 

Ttiroop,  Enos  T.,  was  born  at  Johnstown,  New 
York,  August  21,  1784;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Auburn ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815, 
to  June,  1810,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  the 
dissatisfaction  of  his  constituents  with  his  vote  on 
the  additional-compensation  bill ;  was  appointed  a 
circuit-judge  April  21,  1823;  was  elected  in  1828 
lieutenant-governor  on  the  same  ticket  with  Martin 
Van  Buren  for  governor,  and,  upon  the  latter' s  ap 
pointment  as  secretary  of  state  of  the  United  States 
by  President  Jackson,  became  governor  of  New  York 
March  12,  1829;  was  elected  governor,  serving  1830- 
1832 ;  was  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren  minis 
ter  to  Naples,  serving  from  February  0,  1838,  to  Jan 
uary  12,  1842 ;  passed  the  remainder  of  his  life  at  his 
rural  home  on  the  border  of  Owasco  Lake,  near 
Auburn,  New  York,  where  he  died  November  8, 
1874. 

Thruston,  Buckner,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1763;  received  a  classical  education ;  removed  in  early 
life  to  Kentucky;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practised  at  Frankfort;  was  appointed  Unit 
ed-States  judge  for  the  courts  of  the  Territory  of 
Orleans,  but  declined,  as  he  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Kentucky  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1805,  to  July  1,  1809,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  appointed  by  President  Madison  judge 
of  the  United-States  Circuit  Court  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  which  office  he  held  until  his  death  at 
Washington  City  August  30,  1845. 

Thurman,  Allen  G.,  was  born  at  Lynchburg, 
Virginia,  November  13,  1813;  removed  to  Ohio  in 
1819;  received  an  academic  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  practised  at  Co 
lumbus,  Ohio;  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress;  was  elected  a  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Ohio  in  1851;  was  chief  justice  of 
that  court  1854-1850;  was  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  governor  of  Ohio  in  1867 ;  was  elected  United- 
M;iti-s  senator  from  Ohio  as  a  Democrat  (in  place  of 
Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Republican) ;  took  his  seat  March 


4,  1869,  and  was  re-elected  in  1874.     His  term  of  ser 
vice  will  expire  March  3,  1881. 

Thurman,  John  R.,  was  born  in  the  city  of 
New  York;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Columbia  College  in  1835;  removed  to  Warren 
County,  New  York,  to  take  charge  of  a  large  landed 
estate;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,070 
votes  against  3,455  votes  for  Hedding,  Democrat,  and 
2,828  votes  for  Lawrence,  Van  Buren  Democrat,  and 
serving  from  December  3.  184D,  to  March  3,  1851 ; 
died  at  Chestertown,  Ne\y  York,  in  1854. 

Thurston,  Benjamin  B.,  was  born  at  Hopkin- 
ton,  Rhode  Island,  J  une  29,  18 ,)4 ;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  was  a  clerk  in  a  store,  and  became 
a  merchant ;  was  for  fourteen  years  in  succession  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in 
1837;  was  lieutenant-governor  in  1838;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,417  votes  against 
2,349  votes  for  Updike,  Whig,  and  60  votes  for  Hall, 
Abolitionist,  and  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  defeated  as  the  Coalition  candi 
date  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  2,197 
votes,  and  2,882  votes  for  Dixon,  Whig;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress ;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  4,438  votes 
against  452  votes  for  Aldrich,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  re 
ceiving  4,484  votes  against  594  votes  scattering,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  Ib51,  to  March  3,  1857;  re 
moved  to  New  London,  Connecticut. 

Thurston,  Samuel  R.,  was  born  in  Maine; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1843;  studied  law  with  R.  P.  Dunlap;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Linn 
City,  Oregon;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Oregon 
Territory  In  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851; 
died  on  the  steamer  "California,"  on  her  passage 
from  Panama  to  San  Francisco,  April  9, 1851. 

Tibbatts,  John  "W.,  was  born  at  Lexington, 
Kentucky,  in  1802 ;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law  with  Judge  Barry ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Newport,  Kentucky ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twen 
ty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,507 
votes  against  0,164  votes  for  Wall,  Whig;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  232 
majority  over  Gaines,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847 ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war 
as  colonel  of  the  Sixteenth  United-States  Infantry 
from  March  3, 1847,  to  August  10, 1848 ;  died  at  New 
port,  Kentucky,  July  5,  1852. 

Tibbitts,  George,  was  born  in  Rensselaer  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  received  a  thorough  English  educa 
tion;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1802;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  serving  from  Oc 
tober  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1805;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  1815-1818;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1820;  died 
at  Troy,  New  York. 

Tichenor,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  Februarys,  1754;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1775 ;  studied 
law  at  Schenectady,  New  York,  and,  while  there, 
was  appointed  assistant  commissary-general,  and  sta 
tioned  at  Bennington,  Vermont,  where  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a 
member  of  the  Vermont  House  of  Representatives 
1781-1784;  was  State  agent  to  Congress  in  1782;  was 
State  councillor  1787-1792 ;  was  a  State  commissioner 
for  adjusting  the  controversy  with  New  York  1791; 
was  a  member  of  the  Council  of  Censors  in  1792;  was 
judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  1791-1794,  and 
its  chief  justice  1795-179(5;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Vermont  (in  place  of  Moses 
Robinson,  resigned)  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


6G3 


December  6,  17C6,  to  November  10,  1797,  when  he 
resigned;  was  governor  of  Vermont  1797-1837  and 
1808-1809;  was  again  elected  a  senator,  serving  from 
December  4, 1815,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  died  at  Benniug- 
ton,  Vermont,  December  11,  1838. 

Tiffin,  Edward,  was  born  at  Carlisle,  England, 
June  19,  1760;  immigrated  to  the  United  States  in 
178(3,  and  settled  in  Charlestown,  Virginia;  studied 
medicine,  and  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1789 ;  removed  to  Chillicothe,  Ohio, 
in  1798;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  House  of 
Representatives  in  1799,  and  its  speaker;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  convention  which  framed  the  State  Con 
stitution  in  1802,  and  its  president ;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Ohio  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  October  26,  1807,  to  1809,  when  he 
resigned ;  was  appointed  by  President  Madison  the 
first  commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office,  serving 
from  May  7,  1812,  to  October  11,  1814;  resigned  to 
accept  the  position  of  surveyor-general  of  the"  North 
western  Territory,  which  position  he  held  until  1828; 
died  at  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  August  9,  1829. 

Tift,  Nelson,  resided  at  Albany,  Georgia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,645  votes 
against  11,696  votes  for  Whitely,  Democrat,  serving 
fror.i  July  25,  1808,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Tilden,  Daniel  R.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Ohio, 
and  located  at  Ravenna;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  6,712  votes  against  6,310  votes  for 
Lyman,  Democrat,  and  936  for  Hall,  Abolitionist; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Tilghman,  Matthew,  was  born  on  the  Eastern 
Shor3  of  Maryland ;  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1774-1777. 

Tillinghast,  Joseph  L.,  was  born  at  Taunton, 
Massachusetts,  in  1791 ;  removed  to  Rhode  Island  in 
his  boyhood ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Brown  University  in  1819 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Providence,  Rhode  Island;  was  for  a  number  of 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and  several  times  elected  its  speaker;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843; 
died  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  December  30, 
1844. 

Tillinghast,  Thomas,  was  born  at  East  Green 
wich,  Rhode  Island,  August  21,  1742;  received  an 
academical  education;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1772  and  1773;  was 
commissioned  in  the  Rhode-Island  militia  in  1770; 
held  several  offices  under  the  Revolutionary  authori 
ties  ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  1773-1780;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  1779 ;  was  elected  asso 
ciate  justice  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  in  1780, 
serving  until  1797;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Rhode  Island  in  the  Fifth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Elisha  R.  Potter,  resigned),  receiving  53  majority, 
serving  from  November  13,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799; 
was  a^ain  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  died  at 
East  Greenwich,  Rhode  Island,  August  26,  1821. 

Tillman,  Lewis,  was  born  in  Bedford  County, 
Tennessee,  August  18, 1816;  received  a  public-school 
education;  never  studied  any  profession;  was  a 
fanner  by  occupation ;  served  a  campaign  as  private 
against  the  Seminole  Indians  in  1830;  was  clerk  of 
the  Circuit  Court  from  1852  to  I860;  was  appointed 
clerk  and  master  of  the  Chancery  Court  in  March, 
1865,  and  has  held  the  office  until  recently;  was  a 
Whig  so  long  as  there  was  a  Whig  party,  and  after 
wards  a  Republican;  was  one  of  the  signers  to  the 
call  put  forth  in  the  fall  of  1864  for  the  convention 


that  abolished  slavery  in  Tennessee;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  3,795  votes  against 
3,363  votes  for  Sheafe,  Democrat,  serving  frcin  March 
4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Tillotson,  Thomas,  resided  in  Dutchess  County, 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1788-1790;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1791-1799;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Seventh  Congress,  but  re 
fused  to  take  his  seat. 

Tilton,  James,  was  born  in  Kent  County,  Dela 
ware,  June  1,  1745;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine;  graduated  at  the  Philadel 
phia  Medicul  School  in  1771,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Dover,  Delaware ;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army 
in  1770  as  surgeon  of  a  Delaware  regiment;  was  com 
missioned  surgeon-general  in  1777,  and  held  that 
position  until  peace  was  declared,  when  he  resumed 
practice  at  Dover;  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1733-1785;  was  repeatedly 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  commissioner  of  loans  17?5-1801 ;  was  physician 
and  surgeon-general  of  the  United-States  army  June 
13,  1813-June  15,  1815;  removed  to  the  vicinity  cf 
Wilmington,  Delaware,  where  he  cultivated  a  small 
farm,  on  which  he  died  May  J4,  1822.  He  published 
a  work  on  "Military  Hos'pitals,"  "Answers  to 
Queries  on  the  State  of  Husbandry  in  Delaware," 
and  several  agricultural  and  medical  essays. 

Tiptpn,  John,  was  born  in  Sevicr  County,  Ten 
nessee,  in  August,  1785;  his  father  having  been  killed 
by  the  Indians  in  17D3,  he  did  not  even  enjay  the  ad 
vantages  of  a  public-school  education,  having  to  sup 
port  a  mother,  two  sisters,  and  a  half-brother;  iu 
1007  he  removed  with  them  to  Indiana,  where  lie 
purchased  fifty  acres  of  land,  paying  for  it  by  split 
ting  rails  at  fifty  cents  a  hundred ;  was  elected  ensign 
of  that  noted  frontier  company,  the  "  Yellow  Jack 
ets/'  in  1811,  and  served  with  them  in  the  Tippc- 
canoe  campaign;  was  chosen  sheriff  of  Harrison 
County,  Indiana,  in  1815;  was  elected  master  of 
Pisgah  Lodge  of  Freemasons  in  1819,  and  was  grand 
master  of  Masons  in  Indiana  in  1819  and  1829;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  the  State  legislature  in  1821 ;  was  United-states 
Indian  agent  with  the  Miami  and  Pottawattomie 
tribes  from  1824  until  1831,  when  he  was  elected  by 
the  legislature  United-States  senator  (to  fill  the  va 
cancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  James  Noble) ;  was 
re-elected  for  a  full  term,  and  served  from  January 
3, 1832,  until  his  death,  April  5,  1839,  of  pulmonary 
apoplexy,  at  Logansport,  Indiana. 

Tipton,  Thomas  P.,  was  born  in  Franklin 
County,  Ohio,  August  29,  1833;  removed  when  ten 
years  of  age  to  McLean  County,  Illinois;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854;  was  State's 
attorney  for  the  Eighth  Judicial  District  of  Illinois 
from  January,  1867,  to  December,  1863;  was  elected 
circuit-judge  of  the  Eighth  Judicial  Circuit  in  1870, 
and,  on  the  re-organization  of  the  Circuit  Court  under 
the  new  Constitution,  was  re-elected  circuit-judge  of 
the  Fourteenth  Judicial  Circuit ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  15,229  votes  against  14,977 
votes  for  Adlai  E.  Stevenson,  Independent  Reformer, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Tipton,  Thomas  W.,  was  born  at  Cadiz,  Ohio, 
August  5,  1817;  graduated  at  Madison  College, 
Pennsylvania;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Ohio  in  1845; 
went  to  Nebraska,  and  was  elected  to  a  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  Nebraska;  was  a  member  of 
the  Territorial  Council  of  Nebraska  in  1860;  hav 
ing  studied  theology,  and  being  eligible  to  a  chap 
laincy,  he  served  in  the  Union  army  in  that  capacity 
during  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion ; 
was  elected  United-States  senator  from  Nebraska,  and 
re-elected,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1875. 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Titus,  Obadiah,  resided  at  Washington,  New 
York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
In  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Todd,  John,  was  born  at  Hartford,  Connecticut, 
in  1771);  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  ap 
pointed  president-judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  of  the  Sixteenth  Judicial  District,  and  subse 
quently  an  associate  judge  of  the  State  Supreme 
Court:" died  at  Bedford,  Pennsylvania,  Apjil  4,  1830. 

Toe 
Kentu 

to  _.  . 

West  Point  in  1832,  graduating  in  183  <;  was  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Sixth  Infantry  July  1,  1837,  first 
lieutenant  December  10, 1837,  and  captain  November 
8,  1843;  resigned,  and  became  an  Indian  trader;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Dakota  Territory  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (having  suc 
cessfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Jayne), 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  ap 
pointed  a  brigadier-general  in  the  Union  army  in 
1832,  and  commanded  a  division  in  the  Army  of  the 
Tennessee ;  died  at  Yankton,  Dakota  Territory,  Jan 
uary  5,  1872. 

Todd,  Lemuel,  was  born  July  29,  1817,  at  Car 
lisle,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  has  resided  ever  since; 
graduated  at  Dickinson  College;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  10,472  votes  against  8,319  votes  for  Bon- 
ham,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to 
March  3,  1857;  was  defeated  as  the  Union  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,670  votes 
against  11,191  votes  for  Ahl,  Democrat;  served 
during  part  of  the  Rebellion  as  major  of  the  First 
Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volunteer  Reserve  Corps, 
and  afterwards  as  inspector-general  of  Pennsylvania 
on  Governor  Curtin's  staff;  and  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  one  of  the  three  congressmen  at  large 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  357,743  votes  against 
311,030  votes  for  R.  Vaux,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Toland,  George  W.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Princeton  College  in  1816;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,313  votes  against 
3,078  votes  for  Morris  Longstreth;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  over  2,500 
majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3, 
1848, 

Tomkins,  Caleb,  was  born  in  Westchester 
County,  New  York;  resided  at  White  Plains;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1804- 
1806;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fifteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1817, 
to  March  3,  1821. 

Tomkins,  Christopher,  resided  at  Glasgow, 
Kentucky;  was  a  lawyer  and  a  judge  of  the  State 
Circuit  Court;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  10  majority  over  Elijah  Hise,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  receiv 
ing  1,726  votes  against  1,648  votes  for  Elijah  Hise, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March 
3, 1835;  died  at  Glasgow,  Kentucky,  in  1845. 

Tomkins,  Cydnor  B.,  was  born  in  Belmont 
County,  Ohio,  November  8,  1810;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  Ohio  University;  was 
reared  on  a  farm ;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  McConnellsville; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 


ing  7,677  votes  against  6,855  votes  for  G.  W.  Many- 
penny,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  • 
March  3,  1861. 

Tomkins,  Daniel  D.,  was  born  at  Searsdale, 
New  York,  June  21,  1774;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Columbia  College  in  1795; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1797.  and 
commenced  practice  at  New  York;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1801 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1803;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  but  resigned 
before  taking  his  seat  to  accept  an  appointment  on 
the  bench  of  the  Supreme  Court,  serving  from  July 
2,  1804,  to  June  9,  1807 ;  was  governor  of  the  State 
of  New  York  1807-1817 ;  was  elected  Vice-President 
on  the  Monroe  ticket  in  1817.  receiving  183  of  the 
217  votes  cast;  and  was  re-elected  in  1821,  receiving 
215  of  the  228  votes  cast,  serving  March  4,  1817- 
March  3,  1825 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  August-November,  1821,  and 
its  president ;  was  a  prominent  Freemason,  and  grand 
master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York  in  1820; 
died  on  Staten  Island,  New  York,  June  11,  1825. 

Tomlinson,  Gideon,  was  born  at  Stratford, 
Connecticut,  December  31,  1780;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1802:  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Fairfield;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nine 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1827;  was  governor  of  Connecticut  1827- 
1831,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Connecticut,  serving 
from  Decembers,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  at 
Fairfield,  Connecticut,  October  8,  1854. 

Tomlinson,  Thomas  A.,  was  born  in  New 
York;  resided  at  Keeseville;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1835-1836;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,906 
votes  against  5,107  votes  for  Augustus  C.  Hand, 
Democrat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1843. 

Tompkins,  Patrick  W.,  was  bom  in  Ken 
tucky;  had  a  scanty  English  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  6,939  votes  against  6,390  votes  for 
Roberts,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1849 ;  removed  to  California  soon  after 
the  discovery  of  gold  there,  and  died  at  San  Fran 
cisco  May  16,  1853. 

Toombs,  Robert,  was  born  in  Wilkes  County, 
Georgia,  July  2, 1810;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Union  College,  New  York;  studied  law 
at  the  University  of  Virginia  under  Judge  Lomas; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  (by  special  act  of  the  legis 
lature,  when  a  minor)  in  1829.  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Washington,  Wilkes  County;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  State-rights  Whig,  receiving  1,121 
majority  over  E.  J.  Black,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  1,416  majority 
over  E.  J.  Black,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  4,232  votes 
against  2.551  votes  for  Lawson;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving  4,232  vote* 
against  2,538  votes  for  McMillan,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Georgia  as  a  State- 
rights  Democrat,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  March 
4,"l853,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  a  deputy  to  the  Pro 
visional  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  which 
assembled  at  Montgomery,  Alabama,  and  adjourned 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


665 


to  Richmond ;  was  the  first  secretary  of  state  of 
the  Confederate  States,  serving  from  February  21, 
1861,  to  July  30,  18(31,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  a 
brigadier-general's  commission  in  the  Confederate 
army ;  was  assigned,  March  4,  1803,  to  the  command 
of  a  brigade  of  Georgia  troops  in  Longstreet's  Corps, 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1876. 

Toucey,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Newtown,  Con 
necticut,  November  5,  1796;  received  a  classical 
education;  studied  law  at  Newtown  with  Judge 
Chapman;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Hartford;  was  State  attor 
ney  for  Hartford  County  1822-1825;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1S35,  to  March  3,  1839 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  4,108  votes  against  5,180  votes  for  Joseph 
Trumbull,  Whig;  was  again  State  attorney  for  Hart 
ford  County  1842-1844;  was  defeated  as  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor  of  Connecticut  in  1845  by 
Roger  S.  Baldwin;  was  defeated  as  Democratic  can 
didate  for  governor  in  1846  on  the  popular  vote, 
but  was  elected  by  the  legislature;  was  defeated  as 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1847  by  Clark 
Bissell ;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  attorney- 
general  of  the  United  States,  serving  from  June  21, 
1848,  to  March  3, 1849 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1850,  and  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1852 ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Connecticut  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  May 
14,  1852,  to  March  3,  1857 ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Buchanan  secretary  of  the  navy,  serving  from 
March  6,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  died  at  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  July  30,  1869. 

Towns,  George  W.,  was  born  in  Wilkes 
County,  Georgia,  May  4,  1892;  was  self-educated; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Alabama;  returned  to  Geor 
gia  in  1826,  and  located  at  Talbotton ;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Union  Democrat, 
receiving  27,675  votes  against  24,662  votes  for  New 
man,  State-rights,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
September  1,  1836,  when  he  resigned ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  29,600 
votes  against  28,805  votes  for  Alford,  State-rights, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (in 
place  of  Washington  Poe,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat, 
defeating  Ambrose  Baber,  Whig,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  27,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  governor  of 
Georgia  1847-1851 ;  died  at  Macon,  Georgia,  July  15, 
1854. 

Townsend,  Amos,  was  born  in  Fayette  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  in  1831;  removed  at  an  early  age 
to  Ohio,  and  became  a  citizen  of  Cleveland ;  was  for 
ten  years  a  member  of  the  city  council,  serving 
seven  of  those  years  as  its  president ;  was*  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1873;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,891 
votes  against  14,521  votes  for  H.  B.  Payne,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Townsend,  Dwight,  was  born  in  New- York 
City  in  1826;  was  educated  at  the  grammar-school 
of  Columbia" College,  New  York;  entered  mercantile 
life  when  twenty-one  years  of  age,  and  retired  from 
business  in  1862;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (to  fill  a 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  G.  Steb- 
bins),  serving  from  December  5,  1864,  to  March  3, 
1865 ;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,632  votes  against  11,466  votes 
for  C.  C.  Norvell,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Townsend,  George,  was  born  in  Queen's  Coun 


ty,  New  York ;  resided  at  Oyster  Bay ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to 
March  3,  1819. 

Townsend,  James,  was  born  in  Queen's  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Second  Congress,  but  died  at  Oys 
ter  Bay  before  taking  his  seat,  in  May,  1791. 

Townsend,  Martin  I.,  was  born  at  Hancock, 
Massachusetts,  February  6,  1810;  graduated  at  Wil 
liams  College,  Massachusetts,  in  1833,  and  removed 
from  Williamstown  to  Troy,  where  he  has  since 
resided;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1836,  and  continues  to  practise;  was  district-attor 
ney  for  Rensselaer  County  in  1842-1845 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  for  the  State  at 
large  in  1867-1868 ;  is  now  a  regent  of  the  University 
of  the  State  of  New  York;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,445  votes  against 
14,931  votes  for  Charles  Hughes,  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  19,689 
votes  against  17,448  votes  for  Roswell  A.  Parmeuter, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Townsend,  Norton  S.,  was  bom  in  England; 
immigrated  to  the  United  States,  and  settled  at  Avon, 
Ohio;  held  several  local  oftices;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,677  votes  against  6,230 
votes,  for  Worcester,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Townsend,  "Washington,  was  born  in  West 
Chester,  Pennsylvania,  in  1813 ;  received  an  academic 
education;  became  a  teller  in  the  Bank  of  Chester 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1832;  while  so  employed, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844;  was 
deputy-attorney  under  Attorneys-General  Darragh 
and  Cooper;  was  made  cashier  of  the  bank  above 
named  in  1849,  and  resigned  in  1857  to  resume  the 
practice  of  the  law,  in  which  he  has  continued  ever 
since;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Baltimore  National 
Whig  Convention  of  1852  and  the  Chicago  National 
Republican  Convention  of  1860;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,771  votes  against 
9,481  votes  for  Monagan,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  10,408  votes 
against  8,231  votes  for  J.  II.  Askin,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving 
14,011  votes  against  8,819  votes  for  F.  Taylor, 
Liberal  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,485 
votes  against  6,916  votes  for  J.  L.  Forwood,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Townshend,  Richard  W.,  was  born  in  Prince 
George  County,  Maryland,  April  30,  1840;  went  to 
Washington  City  when  ten  years  of  age,  and  was 
there  educated  at  public  and  private  schools ;  was  a 
page  in  the  House  of  Representatives;  removed  to 
Illinois  in  1858;  taught  school  in  Fayette  County; 
studied  law  with  S.  S.  Marshall  at  MacLeansborough; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1862,  and  has  since  prac 
tised;  was  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Hamilton 
County  1863-1868 ;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  the 
Twelfth  Judicial  Circuit  1868-1872;  removed  in  1873 
from  MacLeansborough  to  Shawneetown,  where  he 
was  an  officer  of  the  Gallatin  National  Bank ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Democratic  State  Central  Committee 
of  Illinois  1864,  1865,  1874,  and  1875 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore 
in  1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,722  votes  against  8,516  votes  for  Edward  Bonham, 
Republican,  and  7,523  votes  for  W.  B.  Anderson,  In 
dependent  Reformer,  serving  from  October  15,  1S77. 

Tracy,  Albert  H.,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Con 
necticut,  June  17,  1793;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion;  studied  medicine  with  his  father;  when  eigh 
teen  years  of  age  he  removed  to  New- York  State; 


666 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


sludied  law  with  his  brother  at  Madison;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Buffalo;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Conservative 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  6, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1825;  was  offered  a  seat  in  the 
cabinet  by  President  John  Quincy  Adams,  and  de 
clined  it;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1830- 
1837;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  United- 
States  senator  in  1839  by  X.  P.  Talmadge ;  was  offered 
a  seat  in  the  cabinet  by  President  Tyler,  and  declined 
it;  died  at  Buffalo,  Xew  York,  September  12, 1859. 

Tracy,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Vermont ;  received 
an  academical  education ;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Woodstock, 
Vermont;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  serving  as  speaker 
1842-1845,  and  was  also  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  9,319 
votes  against  3,201  votes  for  Kellogg,  Democrat, 
2,928  votes  for  Fletcher,  Free-Soiler,  1,075  votes  for 
Henry,  Democrat,  436  votes  for  Bartlett,  Democrat, 
and  239  votes  scattering,  and  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  died  at  Woodstock, 
Vermont,  October  28,  1868. 

Tracy,  Henry  W\,  was  born  in  Luzerne  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  September  24,  1807;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  reared  a  farmer,  but 
engaged  also  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Republican  Convention  in  1860;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1861  and  1862;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  an  In 
dependent  Republican,  receiving  9,520  votes  against 
7,703  votes  for  Clark,  Republican,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Tracy,  Phineas  L.,  was  born  at  Norwich,  Con 
necticut;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Yale  College  in  1800;  removed  to  New  York,  and 
settled  at  Batavia;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Con- 
taress,  receiving  2,481  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Tracy,  Uri,  was  born  at  Franklin,  Connecticut ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College  in  1789 ;  removed  to  New  York,  and  settled 
at  Oxford;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from  May  22,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1813. 

Tracy,  Uriah,  was  born  at  Franklin,  Connecti 
cut,  February  2,  1855 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1778;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Litchfield ;  was  several  years  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  speaker  of  the  House 
in  1793;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connect 
icut  in  the  Third  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  2,.  1793,  to  December  0,  1790,  when,  having 
been  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Connecti 
cut  (in  place  of  Jonathan  Trumbull,  resigned),  he 
took  his  seat  in  the  Senate,  serving  until  July  19, 
1807.  when  he  died  at  Washington  City. 

Traf ton,  Mark,  was  born  in  Maine ;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  theology,  and  was  the 
pastor  of  a  church  in  Westfield,  Massachusetts ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
0,610  votes  against  3,998  votes  for  J.  Z.  Goodrich, 
Whig,  and  2,583  for  W.  Griswold  and  scattering,  and 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857; 
was  defeated  as  the  American  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  4,282  votes  against 


0,823  votes  for  Henry  L.  Dawes,  Republican,  and 
4,533  votes  for  J.  D.  Weston,  Democrat ;  resumed  his 
ministerial  labors,  and  was  pastor  of  a  church  at 
Mount  Wollaston. 

Train,  Charles  R.,  was  born  at  Framingham, 
Massachusetts,  October  18,  1817 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1837 ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Framingham;  was  district- 
attorney  for  six  years;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1847-1848;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Executive  Council  in  1857-1858 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,196  votes 
against  3,^514  votes  for  Butler,  Democrat,  and  576 
votes  for  Temple,  American ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  9,272  votes  against 
2,390  votes  for  Brown,  2,239  votes  for  Faulkner,  and 
391  votes  for  Abbott,  serving  from  December  5,  1859, 
to  March  3,  1863;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  a 
volunteer  aide-de-camp  to  General  McClellan;  re 
moved  to  Boston;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  1868-1871;  was  attorney- 
general  of  Massachusetts  1871-1878. 

Trapier,  Paul,  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  South  Carolina  1777-1778. 

Treadwell,  John,  was  born  at  Farmington, 
Connecticut,  November  23,  1745 ;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1767; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Farmington ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1776-1785;  was  a 
member  of  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1786 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Council  1786-1797 ;  was  lieu 
tenant-governor  of  Connecticut  in  1798;  was  judge 
of  probate  1789-1809;  was  active  in  the  promotion 
of  religious  and  educational  enterprises;  died  at 
Farmington,  Connecticut,  August  19,  1823. 

Tredway,  William  M.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
resided  at  Danville;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1847 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  649  votes 
against  650  votes  for  Thomas  S.  Flournoy,  Whig. 

Tredwell,  Thomas  (grandfather  of  Thomas 
Tredwell  Davis),  was  born  at  Smithtown,  Long  Is 
land,  in  1742;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Princeton  College  in  1704 ;  studied  law ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Plattsburg,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the  original  pro 
prietors;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Provisional  Congress 
of  New  York  1774-1775 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1770-1777 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1777-1778; 
was  first  judge  of  the  Court  of  Probate  1786- 
1787;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1780-1789; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
of  1788;  was  surrogate  of  Suffolk  County  1787-1791; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Second  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Third  Con 
gress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3, 
1795 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1801 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1803-1807;  was  surrogate  of  Clinton  County  1807- 
1831;  died  at  Plattsburg,  New  York,  January  30, 
1832. 

Tremain,  Lyman,  was  born  in  Durham,  New 
York,  June  14,  1819;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840, 
and  practised  at  Albany;  was  elected  supervisor  of 
Durham  in  1842;  was  appointed  district-attorney  of 
Greene  County  in  1844 ;  was  elected  county-judge  and 
surrogate  of  Greene  County  in  1840 ;  was  elected  at 
torney-general  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  1858 ;  was 
electe'd  in  1866  member  of  the  Assembly  from  the  city 
of  Albany,  and  was  speaker  of  the  Assembly  for  the 
year  1867;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  from  the  State  at 
large  as  a  Republican,  receiving  438,456  votes  against 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


667 


400,097  votes  for  S.  S.  Cox,  Democrat  and  Liberal, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873, 'to  March  3,  1875. 

Trezvant,  James,  was  born  in  Sussex  County, 
Virginia;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Jerusalem,  Virginia;  was  attorney  for  the 
State;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1820;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Virginia  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  defeat 
ing  Richard  Eppes;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth 
and  Twenty-lirst  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  in  Southampton 
County,  Virginia,  September  2,  1841. 

Trigg,  Abram,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Fifth  Congress;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth 
Congresses,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  to  March  3, 
1800.  _ 

Trigg,  John,  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Fifth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Sixtb.  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Congresses,  serving  from 
May  15,  1797,  to  May  17,  1804,  when  he  died. 

Trimble,  Gary  A.,  was  horn  at  Hillsborough, 
Ohio,  September  13,  1813;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  Ohio  University  in  1833; 
studied  medicine,  graduating  from  the  'Cincinnati 
Medical  College  in  1836;  was  demonstrator  of  anat 
omy  at  the  Cincinnati  Medical  College  1837-1841 ; 
his  health  failing,  he  retired  from  his  profession,  and 
devoted  himself  to  farming;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  10,582  votes  against  8,643  votes 
for  Miller,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  11,593  votes  against 
11,025  votes  for  Hutchinson,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1803 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,087  votes  against  13,721  votes  for 
W.  E.  Finck,  Democrat. 

Trimble,  David,  was  born  in  Frederick  County, 
Virginia,  in  June,  1782;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Mount  Sterling;  served  under 
General  Harrison  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  George  Stockton ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  receiving  1,200  ma 
jority  over  Thomas  Fletcher;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  without  op 
position,  serving  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3, 
1827. 

Trimble,  John,  was  born  in  Roane  County, 
Tennessee,  February  7,  T512;  was  educated  at  the 
Nashville  University;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Nashville;  was  attorney- 
general  of  Tennessee  from  1830  to  1842;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  from 
Tennessee  in  1843  and  1844;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Tennessee  in  1845,  1846,  and  again  in 
1859,  1860,  and  1861,  when  he  resigned,  and  again 
in  1865,  1866,  and  1867,  when  he  resigned;  was 
United-States  attorney  from  1862  to  1864,  when  he 
resigned;  was  elected*  a  representative  from  Ten 
nessee  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  National 
Republican,  receiving  9,357  votes  against  3,163  votes 
for  Baylie  Peyton,  Democrat,  and  480  votes  for  D. 
H.  Mason,  Radical,  serving  from  November  21,  1867, 
to  March  3,  1869. 

Trimble,  Lawrence  S.,  was  born  at  Fleming, 
Kentucky,  August  26,  1825;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Paducah ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  legislature  of  Kentucky  in  1851  and  1852;  was 
jud'^e  of  the  Equity  and  Criminal  Court  of  the  First 
Judicial  Circuit  of  Kentucky  from  1856  to  1860;  was 
president  of  the  New-Orleans  and  Ohio  Railroad 
Company  from  1860  to  October,  1865;  was  elected  a 


representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,749  votes  against 
3,542  votes  for  Bradley,  Republican ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  9,787  votes  against 
1,780  votes  for  Symes,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  13,608  votes 
against  1,731  votes  for  Marshall,  Republican,  and 
293  scattering,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

Trimble,  William  A.,  was  born  at  Woodford, 
Kentucky,  April  4,  1786;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Transylvania  College;  studied 
law  with  Judge  Robert  Trimble;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1811,  and  commenced  practice  at  High 
land,  Ohio;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  major" of 
Ohio  volunteers;  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  sur 
render  of  Detroit;  was  adjutant  of  a  regiment  com 
manded  by  his  brother  in  the  campaign  against  the 
Pottawattamie  Indians;  was  appointed  major  of  the 
Sixth  United-States  Infantry  in  1813;  distinguished 
himself,  and  was  severely  wounded  at  the  sortie  of 
Fort  Erie ;  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  United- 
States  Infantry  from  1814  until  he  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Ohio,  serving  from  De 
cember  6,  1819,  to  December  13,  1821,  when  he  died; 
he  had  attended  the  conference  held  with  the  In 
dians  at  Fort  Chicago  and  at  Green  Bay;  on  the 
journey,  he  so  suffered  from  the  inclemency  of  the 
weather  and  his  war-wounds,  that  he  became  ill,  re 
maining  some  time  on  a  sick-bed  at  Albany;  and 
then  proceeded  to  Washington  City,  where  his 
health  declined  until  he  died. 

Triplett,  Philip,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky,  and  settled  at  Oweiisborough ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  1,000 
majority  over  Cornelius  Burnett,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839.  to  March  3,  1843. 

Trippe,  Robert  P.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Franklin 
College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  atForsyth;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  6,112  votes  against 
5,216  votes  for  Smith,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  5,803  votes 
against  5,423  votes  for  I).  J.  Bailey,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  was  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  First  Confederate 
Congress,  serving  from  February  22,  1862,  to  Febru 
ary  22,  1864. 

Trotter,  P.  James,  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Mississippi  (in  place  of  John  Black,  re 
signed)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  February  19, 
1838,  to  July  10,  1838,  when  he  resigned. 

Trotti,  S.  W.,  resided  atBarnwell  Court  House, 
South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (in 
place  of  Samson  H.  Butler,  resigned),  serving  from 
December  17,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Troup,  George  Mclnt9sh,  was  born  at  Mcln- 
tosh's  Bluff,  on  the  Tombigbee  River,  Alabama, 
September  8,  1780;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Savannah,  but  paid  little  attention  to  the  profes 
sion  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  1800-1805;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  iu  the  Tenth  Congress  as  a  State-rights 
Democrat  on  a  general  ticket;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  2,  1815;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Georgia  (iu  place 
of  William  W.  Bibb,  resigned)  as  a  State-rights 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  12,  1816,  to  1819, 
when  he  resigned ;  was  again  elected  a  senator,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833;  died  iu 
Lawrens  County,  Georgia,  May  3,  1856.  His  "  Life  " 
was  published  by  E.  J.  Harden. 


668 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Trout,  Michael  C.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
resided  at  Sharon;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,369  votes  against  5,340  votes 
for  Allen.  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855;  WM  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
5,172  votes  against  7,808  votes  for  Allison,  Whig. 

Trowbridge,  Rowland  B.,  was  born  at  El- 
mira.  New  York,  June  18,  1821 ;  went  to  Michigan 
when  a  lad;  graduated  at  Kenyon  College,  Ohio;  was 
a  fanner;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Michigan  from  1850  until  1800;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  23,078  votes  against 
JS.-.S7  votes  for  Thompson,  Democrat,  serving  from 
July  4,  1801,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,647  votes 
against  11,937  votes  for  Baldwin,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,004  votes  against  11,646  votes  for  Ban 
croft,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to 
March  3,  1869. 

Trumbo,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County  (now  Bath),  Kentucky,  September  13,  1799; 
received  a  public-school  education ;  at  the  age  of  fif 
teen  he  went  into  the  county-clerk's  office,  and  after 
wards  became  clerk;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1824,  and  commenced  practice  at  Owings- 
ville;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Filhnore  tick 
et  in  1848. 

Trumbull,  Jonathan  (brother  of  Joseph  Trum- 
bull,  and  father  of  Joseph  Trumbull,  jun.),  was  born 
at  Lebanon,  Connecticut,  March  26,  1740;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1759;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  legislature 
of  Connecticut  for  several  years;  was  appointed  by 
the  Continental  Congress  paymaster-general  of  the 
Northern  Military  Department  in  1775,  and  served 
until  1778,  when  he  resigned  to  settle  the  accounts 
of  his  brother,  Colonel  Joseph  Trumbull,  commis 
sary-general  of  the  United  States;  was  appointed  by 
General  Washington  senior  aide-de-camp  in  1780, 
and  was  a  member  of  his  staff  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and  was  chosen  its  speaker  in  1788-1789 ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
First  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Second  Congress,  and  chosen  speaker  of  the  House 
October  24,  1791 ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Third  Con 
gress;  was  elected  United-States  senator  (in  place  of 
Stephen  M.  Mitchell,  resigned),  taking  his  seat  June 
8,  1795,  but  resigned  when  elected  in  1796  lieuten 
ant-governor  of  Connecticut,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  until  June  26,  1795;  became,  by  the  death  of 
Governor  Wolcott,  governor  in  May,  1798;  and  was 
annually  re-elected  eleven  successive  times  as  a 
Federalist,  until  he  died  of  dropsy  of  the  heart  Au 
gust  7,  1809. 

Trumbull,  Joseph  (brother  of  Jonathan  Tram- 
bull,  and  uncle  of  Joseph  Trumbull,  jun.),  was  born 
March  11,  1737;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Harvard  College  in  1756;  was  a  delegate 
from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774- 
1775;  was  commissary-general  of  the  Revolutionary 
army  July  19,  1775-August  2,  1777 ;  was  a  commis 
sioner  for  the  Board  of  War  November  27,  1777-April 
18,  1778,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  ill  health; 
died  July  I':!,  1778. 

Trunibull,   Joseph,  jun.   (son   of   Jonathan 
Tnimbiill,  and  nephew  of  Joseph  Trumbull),  was  born 
at  Lebanon,  Connecticut,  December  7,  1782;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1 :  Studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Wind- 
Iran]  in  LSI  1:5,  and  commenced  practice  at  Hartford  in 
904;   n-tin-d  from  his  profession  in  1828,  and  be 
came  president  of  the  Hartford  Bank;  was  a  mem 


ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1832; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (in  place  of  William  W.  Ells 
worth,  resigned)  as  a  Whig,  receiving  16,137  votes 
against  15,915  votes  for  Loomis,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  1,275  ma 
jority,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1843;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1848;  was  governor  of  Connecti 
cut  in  1849-1850;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1851. 

Trumbull,  Lyman,  was  born  at  Colchester, 
Connecticut,  October  12,  1813;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  Georgia,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  Illinois;  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Illinois  in  1840;  was  secretary  of  state  of  Illinois  in 
1841  and  1842;  was  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Illinois  from  1848  to  1853;  was  a  representative  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Illinois  as  a  Republican  (to  suc 
ceed  James  Shields,  Democrat),  and  was  twice  re- 
elected,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 
1873;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Chicago. 

Tuck,  Amos,  was  born  at  Parsonsfield,  Maine; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1835;  was  a  tutor  in  that  institu 
tion;  studieil  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire :  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  an  Independent,  receiving 
5,608  votes  against  4,025  votes  for  Jenness,  Demo 
crat,  and  84  scattering ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  as  a  Free-Soiler,  receiving  6,971  votes 
against  6,038  votes  for  Kittridge,  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig  and 
Free-soil  candidate,  receiving  7,791  votes  against 
7,416  votes  for  Kittridge,  Opposition,  serving  from 
December  6,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
receiving  8,962  votes  against  10,168  votes  for"  Kit 
tridge,  Democrat ;  was  appointed  naval  officer  of  the 
port  of  Boston  by  President  Lincoln. 

Tucker,  Ebenezer,  was  born  at  Burlington, 
New  Jersey,  in  1758 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war ; 
was  postmaster  and  collector  of  customs  at  Burling 
ton,  New  Jersey ;  removed  to  Tuckerton ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
receiving  4,896  majority,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas,  justice  of  the  Court  of  the  Quarter 
Sessions,  and  judge  of  the  Orphans'  Court;  died  at 
Tuckerton,  New  Jersey,  September  5,  1845. 

Tucker,  George,  was  born  in  Bermuda  in  1775; 
removed  to  Virginia;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College  in  1797; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Lynchburg,  Virginia;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Sixteenth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  without  opposi 
tion,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to  March  3, 
1825;  was  professor  of  moral  philosophy  and  political 
economy  in  the  University  of  Virginia  1825-1845; 
died  at  Charlottesville,  Virginia,  April  10,  1861.  He 
published  "Letters  on  the  Conspiracy  of  the  Slaves 
in  Virginia,"  "Letters  on  the  Roanoke  Navigation," 
"Recollections  of  Ellen  R.  Tucker,"  "Essays  on 
National  Policy,"  "The  Valley  of  the  Shenandoah," 
"Joseph  Atterly's  Voyage  to  the  Moon,"  "Life  of 
Thomas  Jefferson,"  "  Progress  of  the  United  States," 
"Political  History  of  the  United  States,"  and  many 
magazine  articles  and  political  essays. 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George,  was  born  in 
Virginia  January  5,  1781 ;  received  an  academical  ed 
ucation  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Winchester,  Virginia;  was 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


669 


elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Four 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  defeating  Colonel  Carson,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  chan 
cellor  of  the  Fourth  Judicial  District,  and  president 
of  the  Virginia  Court  of  Appeals;  was  professor  of 
law  at  the  University  of  Virginia  1841-1846;  died  at 
Winchester,  Virginia,  August  28,  1848.  He  pub 
lished  "  Lectures  on  Constitutional  Law,"  "  Lectures 
on  Natural  Law  and  Government,"  and  "Commen 
taries  on  the  Laws  of  Virginia." 

Tucker,  John  Randolph,  was  born  at  Winches 
ter  December  24,  1823;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1843; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Lexington;  was  attorney-general  of  Virginia  in 
1857-1865;  was  professor  of  equity  and  public  law  at 
Washington  and  Lee  University,  Lexington;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,708  votes 
against  5,707  votes  for  Johnson,  Independent;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  16,425 
votes  against  11,127  votes  for  George  II.  Burch,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1875. 

Tucker,  Starling,  was  born  in  Halifax  County, 
North  Carolina;  removed  to 'South  Carolina,  and 
settled  at  Mountain  Shoals ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress, 
defeating  Anderson  Crenshaw;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  defeating  Brown  and  Pearson; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nine 
teenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  died  at 
Mountain  Shoals,  South  Caiolina,  February  4,  1834. 

Tucker,  Thomas  Tudor,  was  born  at  Port 
Royal,  Bermuda,  in  1745;  was  a  delegate  from  South 
Carolina  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1787-1788; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina 
in  the  First  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Second 
Congress,  serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2, 
1793;  was  treasurer  of  the  United  States  from  De 
cember  1,  1810,  to  his  death  at  Washington  City 
May  2,  1828.  He  published  "An  Oration  before  the 
South-Carolina  Society  of  the  Cincinnati." 

Tucker,  Tilghman  M.,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina;  received  an  academical  education ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Co 
lumbus,  Mississippi ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  representatives;  was  governor  of  the  State  of 
Mississippi  1841-1843;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1845;  died  in  Alabama  April  30,  1859. 

Tufts,  John  Q.,  was  born  near  Aurora,  Indiana, 
July  12,  1840;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Iowa  in 
1852;  was  educated  at  Cornell  College,  Mount  Ver- 
non;  was  a  farmer;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  Iowa  in  1809,  1871,  and  1873;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,779 
votes  against  10,122  votes  for  J.  L.  Sheeau,  anti- 
Monopolist,  serving  from  December  fa',  1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Turner,  Benjamin  Sterling,  was  born  in 
Halifax  County,  North  Carolina,  March  17, 1825;  was 
raised  as  a  slave,  and  received  no  early  education, 
because  the  laws  of  that  State  made  it  criminal  to 
educate  slaves;  removed  to  Alabama  in  1830,  and,  by 
clandestine  study,  obtained  a  fair  education ;  became 
a  dealer  in  general  merchandise;  was  elected  tax- 
collector  of  Dallas  County  in  18G7,  and  councilman 
of  the  city  of  Selma  in  1869;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,220  votes  against  13,460 
votes  for  S.  J.  Cumming,  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873;  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  13,174  votes  against  15,007  votes  for  F.  G. 
Bromberg,  Democrat  and  Liberal,  and  7,024  votes  for 
P.  Joseph,  Republican. 


Turner,  Charles,  jun.,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  about  1750;  received  a  classical  education,  grad 
uating  at  Harvard  College;  studied  theology,  and 
was  pastor  of  a  parish  in  Duxbury,  Massachusetts; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Eleventh  Congress  (having  successfully  contested 
the  election  of  William  Baylies)  as  a  War  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  serving  from 
June  28,  1809,  to  March  3,  1813;  was  so  unpopular  on 
account  of  his  support  of  the  war,  that,  on  visiting 
Plymouth,  in  his  congressional  district,  in  August, 
1812,  he  was  mobbed  and  kicked;  was  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress,  receiving  2,049  votes  against  2,950  votes  for 
William  Baylies,  Federalist;  was  superintendent  of 
the  United-States  Marine  Hospital  at  Chelsea. 

Turner,  Daniel  (son  of  James  Turner),  was  born 
in  Warren  County,  North  Carolina,  September  21, 
1790;  received  an  academical  education;  entered  the 
Military  Academy  at  West  Point  in  1813,  and  was 
appointed  lieutenant  of  artillery  in  1814;  was  sta 
tioned  on  Long  Island  under  General  Swift,  and  then 
at  Plattsburg  under  General  McComb;  after  the 
war,  he  was  retained  on  the  peace  establishment, 
but  resigned  his  commission  in  1815;  was  a  stu 
dent  for  two  years  at  William  and  Mary  College, 
Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons 
of  North  Carolina  in  1819,  1820,  1821,  1822,  and  1823; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in. 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  until  March  3,  1829;  was  principal  of  the  War- 
renton  Female  Seminary. 

Turner,  James,  was  born  in  Southampton 
County,  Virginia,  in  1700;  removed  with  his  father 
to  Bute  (now  Warren)  County,  North  Carolina,  in 
1770;  received  a  public-school  education;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  war  as  a  private  in  the  same  com 
pany  with  Nathaniel  Macon ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1797-1800,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1801  and  1802 ;  was  governor  of  North 
Carolina  in  1802-1805;  was  elected  United-States 
senator  in  1805  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  March 
4,  1805,  until  1816,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of 
ill  health ;  died  at  Bloomsbury,  North  Carolina,  Jan 
uary  15,  1824. 

Turner,  James,  was  born  in  Maryland ;  resided 
at  Wiseburg;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  defeating  J.  T.  H.  Worthington,  also  a 
Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837;  was  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  J.  T.  H.  Worthington. 

Turner,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Richmond,  Ken 
tucky,  September  10,  1821 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Centre  College,  Danville,  in 
1840;  studied  law  with  his  father,  Hon.  Squire 
Turner,  at  Richmond,  and  at  the  law  department  of 
Transylvania  University  at  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
where  he  graduated  in  March,  1842;  commenced 
practice  at  Richmond;  removed  in  November,  1854, 
to  Mount  Sterling,  Kentucky,  where  he  practised; 
was  appointed  Commonwealth's  attorney  in  March, 
1840,  and  resigned  in  1849;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1801-1803;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,103  votes 
against  12,  710  votes  for  Robert  Boyd,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Turner,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  Trumbull 
County,  Ohio,  April  5,  1815;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  removed  with  his  father's  family  to  Butler 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1825;  worked  on  a  farm,  and 
as  a  day-laborer  on  the  Pennsylvania  Canal;  went 
westward  in  1833;  was  for  three  years  in  St.  Paul's 
County,  Indiana,  and  then  settled  at  Freeport,  Illinois ; 
was  justice  of  the  peace;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised ;  was  elected  judge  of  pro 
bate  in  1842;  was  appointed  postmaster  in  1844;  was 
chosen  State  district-attorney  in  1845 ;  was  elected  a 


670 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat  (receiving  also  the  votes  of  the  Mor 
mons,  then  residents  in  his  district),  serving  from  De 
cember  0,  1847,  to  March  3,  1841);  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1854,  and  was 
chosen  speaker  of  the  House. 

Turney,  Hopkins  L.,  was  born  in  Smith 
County,  Tennessee,  October  3, 1797 ;  was  apprenticed 
to  the  tailor's  trade;  served  in  the  campaign  against 
the  Seminole  Indians  in  1818;  did  not  learn  to  write 
until  after  he  was  twenty-two  years  cf  age;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Winchester;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1828-1838;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,447  votes  against 
2,740  votes  for  Cox,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  with 
out  opposition,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1843;  wa*s  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Tennessee,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1851 ;  died  at'Winchester,  Tennessee,  Au 
gust  1,  1857. 

Turney,  Jacob,  was  born  at  Greensburg,  Penn 
sylvania,  February  18,  1825 ;  was  educated  at  Greens- 
burg  Academy;  served,  while  a  boy,  in  a  printing- 
office;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849, 
and  practised  at  Greensburg;  was  elected  district- 
attorney  for  Westmoreland  County  in  1850,  and  re- 
elected  in  1853;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Buchanan  ticket  in  1850;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  of  Pennsylvania  in  1857  for  three  years,  and 
elected  speaker  in  1859;  was  defeated  for  State  sena 
tor  in  1871  by  a  reduced  majority  in  a  strong  Repub 
lican  district;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,005  votes  against  8,864  votes 
for  Andrew  Stewart,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,902  votes 
against  12,703  votes  for  Jacob  Rush,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Turpie,  David,  was  born  in  Hamilton  County, 
Ohio,  July  8,  1829;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Kenyon  College  in  1848;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Logansport,  Indiana;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1852;  was  ap 
pointed  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in 
1854,  and  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1850,  both  of  which 
positions  he  resigned;  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1858;  was  elected 
a  United-States  senator  from  Indiana  (in  place  of 
Jesse  D.  Bright,  expelled)  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
fr.:m  January  22,  1803,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Turrell,  Joel,  was  born  in  Vermont  in  1795;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Middle- 
bury  College  in  1810;  removed  to  Oswego,  New 
York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1831 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jack 
son  Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to 
March  3,  1837;  died  at  Oswego,  New  York,  Decem 
ber  2!i,  1859. 

Tuthill,  Joseph  H.,  was  born  at  Blooming 
Grove,  New  York,  February  11,  1811;  received  a 
common-school  education;  was  a  merchant  for  thir 
ty-five  years;  was  president  of  the  Ellenville  glass 
works;  was  clerk  of  Ulster  County  from  1843  to 
1847;  was  a  member  of  the  Ulster-county  board  of 
supervisors  in  1842,  1843,  1801,  1802,  1805,  1800, 
1887,  1868,  1809,  and  1870;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-second  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11, 559  votes  against  11,257 
votes  for  Lindslcy,  Republican,  serving  from  March 
4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Tuthill,  Selah,  was  born  in  Ulster  County, 
New  York,  in  1775;  founded  the  town  of  Tuthill 
in  Ulster  County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Seventeenth  Con- 


1  gress,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat,  September  7, 
1821. 

Tweed,  William  M.,  was  born  at  New  York, 
April  3,  1823;  received  a  public-school  education; 
learned  the  trade  of  chair-making,  and  carried  on 
that  business;  was  an  alderman  in  1851-185^;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,394 
votes  against  4,243  votes  for  Hoxie,  Whig,  and  818 
votes  for  Morgan,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  defeated  as  a  Democratic 
candidate  for  alderman  by  Charles  Fox,  Know- 
Nothing;  was  school  commissioner  of  the  Seventh 
Ward  1850-1858;  was  a  in  ember  of  the  board  of 
supervisors  for  New-York  County  in  1858;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Peace  candidate  for  sheriff  in  1801  by 
James  Lyme,  the  War  candidate;  was  appointed 
deputy  street  commissioner  in  18o3;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1808-1870;  was  tried  in  ly74  on 
charges  of  official  embezzlement,  found  guilty,  and 
sentenced  to  tv/elve  years'  imprisonment;  escaped  in 
December,  1875;  was  surrendered  by  the  Spanish 
authorities  at  Vigo,  in  Spain,  and  brought  back  to 
New  York  on  a  man-of-war;  died  at  New  YTork,  a 
prisoner,  April  12,  1878. 

Tweedy,  John  H.,  was  born  in  Connecticut; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale 
College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1837,  and  commenced  practice  at  Milwaukee,  in  the 
Territory  of  Wisconsin ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  conven 
tion  which  framed  the  State  Constitution  in  1840; 
was  elected  a  delegate  from  Wisconsin  Territory  in 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  10,070 
votes  against  9,048  votes  for  Strong,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  0,  1847,  to  May  29,  1848. 

Tweedy,  Samuel,  was  born  in  Connecticut ;  re 
sided  at  Danbury;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving 
from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835. 

Twichell,  Ginery,  was  born  at  Athol,  Massa 
chusetts,  August  20,  Ifell ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  became  interested  in  stage-coaches  and 
in  carrying  the  mails  in  1839;  was  afterwards  an 
officer  of  the  Boston  and  Worcester  Railroad,  arid 
was  chosen  its  superintendent  in  1848,  and  its  presi 
dent  in  1857;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  0,084  votes  against  2,001  votes  for 
Aspinwall,  Democrat,  and  403  votes  for  Guyney, 
the  Working-men's  candidate;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  23,043  votes  against 
13,714  votes  for  Mason,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  6,233  votes 
against  5,040  votes  for  Gaston,  Democrat,  and  206 
votes  for  Gushing,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from 
March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Tyler,  Asher,  was  born  at  Bridgewater,  New 
York,  May  10,  1798;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Hamilton  College  in  1817;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Ellicottsville;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  AVhig, 
receiving  7,521  votes  against  5,607  votes  for  Ten 
Broeck,  Democrat,  and  255  votes  for  Allen,  Abo 
litionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845;  removed  to  Elmira,  where  he  was  largely  en 
gaged  in  railroad  operations;  died  at  Elmira,  New 
York,  August  10,  1875. 

Tyler,  John,  was  born  in  Charles-City  County, 
Virginia,  March  29,  1790 ;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  William  and  Mary  College  in 
1800;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  when 
nineteen  years  of  age,  and  practised ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1811-1816; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  John  Clopton,  de 
ceased)  as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  17,  1816,  to  March  3,  1821 ;  was 
again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represeuta- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


671 


tives  1823-1825;  was  governor  of  Virginia  1825-1827; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia  as 
a  State-rights  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1827,  to  February  29,  1830,  when  lie  resigned  on  ac 
count  of  differences  of  opinion  with  President  Jack 
son  ;  joined  the  Whig  party,  and  was  elected  Vice- 
President  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;  became 
President,  after  the  death  of  President  Harrison, 
April  4,  1841 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Peace  Conven 
tion  of  1801,  and  its  president;  renounced  his  alle 
giance  to  the  United  States ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Pro 
visional  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  which 
assembled  at  Richmond  in  July,  1801 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  First  Confed 
erate  Congress,  but  died  at  Richmond,  Virginia, 
before  taking  his  seat,  January  17,  1802.  His  "  Life 
and  Speeches'*  was  published  in  1844. 

Tyner,  James  N.,  was  born  at  Brookville,  Indi 
ana,  January  17,  1820;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  secretary  of 
the  Indiana  Senate  four  consecutive  sessions,  com 
mencing  in  1857;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1800; 
was  special  agent  of  the  Post-office  Department  from 
18G1  to  180(5;  was  elected  a  representative  from  In 
diana  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  at  a  special  elec 
tion  (occasioned  by  the  election  of  Hon.  D.  D.  Pratt 
to  the  United-States  Senate) ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,113  votes  against  13,149  votes  for  J.  F.  Hender 
son,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Kepublican,  receiving  19,737  votes 
against  10,798  votes  for  Whiteside,  Democrat;  was 
appointed  by  President  Grant  governor  of  Colorado, 
but  declined,  and  accepted  the  position  of  second 
assistant  postmaster-general,  serving  from  February 
2(5,  1875,  to  July  12,  1870,  and  postmaster-general, 
serving  from  July  12,  1870,  to  March  3,  1877;  was 
appointed  by  President  Hayes  first  assistant  post 
master-general,  serving  from  March  10,  1877. 

Tyson,  Jacob,  was  born  in  Montgomery  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1793;  received,  through  his  own 
exertions,  a  good  education ;  removed  to  Richmond 
County,  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  in  1828;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  De 
cember  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Tyson,  Job  Roberts,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  February  12,  1804;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  taught  school;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Philadelphia;  was  a  member  of  the  city  council  and 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  took  a  great 
interest  in  literature  and  the  fine  arts;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,654  votes 
against  3,500  votes  for  Hamilton,  Democrat,  and  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  died 
at  Woodlawn  Hall  June  27,  1858.  He  published 
'•Pennsylvania  prior  to  1743,"  "Essay  on  the  Penal 
Laws  of  Pennsylvania,"  "  The  Lottery  System  of 
the  United  States,"  and  "Memoir  of  T.  C.  James, 
M.D.,"  with  several  orations  on  historical  subjects. 

Udree,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Berks  County,  where  he  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits  and  in  the  manufacture  of  iron; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Kepresentatives 
1799-1805;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat 
(in  place  of  John  M.  Hyneman,  resigned),  serving 
from  December  0,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815 ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Joseph 
Heister,  resigned),  serving  from  January  8,  1821,  to 
March  3,  1821 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress  (in  place  of  Ludwig  Wonnan,  deceased); 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  23,  1822,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  at 
Reading,  Pennsylvania,  July  22,  1828. 

Underbill,  ^f alter,  was  born  in  the  city  of 
New  York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 


York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiv 
ing  5,049  votes  against  3,905  votes  for  Maclay,  Cass 
Democrat,  and  1,035  votes  for  Hecker,  Van  Buren 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March 
3,  1851. 

Underwood,  John  W.  H.,  was  born  in  Elbert 
County,  Georgia,  November  20,  1810;  received  an 
academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1834,  and  commenced  practice  at  Rome, 
Georgia;  was  solicitor-general  for  the  Western  Circuit 
1843-1847;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Conslitutional 
Convention  of  1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1857,  and  was  chosen 
speaker  of  the  House ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  receiving  12,339  votes  against  2,102  votes  for 
Shackleford,  serving  from  December  5, 1859,  to  Janu 
ary  23,  1801,  when  lie  retired  from  the  House,  and 
espoused  the  cause  of  the  Southern  Confederacy; 
after  peace  Avas  declared  in  1804,  he  resumed  practice 
at  Rome,  Georgia. 

Underwood,  Joseph  Rogers,  was  born  in 
Goochland  County,  Virginia,  October  24,  1791;  was 
adopted  by  an  uncle,  and  taken  to  Kentucky  in  1803; 
received  a  classical  education,  which  was  finished  at 
the  University  of  Lexington  in  1811;  studied  law 
with  Robert  Wickliffe ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
lieutenant  of  Kentucky  volunteers;  was  wounded 
and  made  prisoner  by  tlie  Indians  at  Dudley's  defeat 
in  1813;  on  his  release  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Glasgow,  Kentucky;  was  trus 
tee  of  the  town,  and  county-attorney ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1810-1819; 
removed  in  1823  to  Bowling  Green ;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Clay  ticket  in  1824;  was  again  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1825 
and  1820;  was  a  judge  of  the  State  Court  of  Appeals 
1828,  1835;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ken 
tucky  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  081  majority  over  Elijah  Hise,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
484  majority  over  Elijah  Hise,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,153 
votes  against  4,210  votes  for  Elijah  Ilise,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,961  votes  against  3,512  votes  for  J.  W.  Irwin, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 
3,  1843;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  0,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1853;  died  at  Bowling  Green,  Kentucky,  August 
23,  1876. 

Underwood,  Warner  L.,  was  born  in  Gooch 
land  County,  Virginia,  August  7,  1808;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of 
Virginia  in  1830;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bowling  Green,  Ken 
tucky;  was  a  resident  in  Texas  1833-1840;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1848, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1849 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  7,302  votes  against 
5,583  votes  for  Bates,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  0,359  votes  against 
0,150  votes  for  Lewis,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1855,  to  March  3, 1859;  declined  being  a  candi 
date  for  re-election. 

Upham,  Charles  Wentworth,  was  born  at 
St.  John's,  New  Brunswick,  May  4,  1802;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in 
1821 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  taught  school ; 
studied  theology;  was  a  clergyman  at  Salem,  Massa 
chusetts,  from  December  8,  1824,  until  December  8, 
1844,  when  he  relinquished  the  ministry  on  account  of 
a  bronchial  trouble ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1840  and  1849 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress, 
receiving  5,802  votes  against  4,304  votes  for  Robert 
S.  Ranfoul,  jun.,  Democrat,  2,979  votes  for  S.  E. 
Sewall,  Free-Soiler,  and  49  scattering,  which  gave  no 


672 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


candidate  the  necessary  majority,  and,  on  a  second 
trial,  Robert  Rantoul,  jun.,  was  elected;  was  mayor 
of  Salem  in  1852;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  in  1853;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  on  the  first  trial  5,003  votes  against 
•'  71  >  votes  for  John  B.  Alley,  Democrat,  2,531  votes 
for  George  Hood,  Free-Soiler,  and  1,729  scattering, 
which  gave  no  candidate  the  necessary  majority,  and 
he  succeeded  on  a  second  trial,  receiving  4,265  votes 
asainst  4,090  votes  for  George  Hood,  Free-Soiler,  and 
7'^i:;  scattering,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  3,231  votes 
against  7,428  votes  for  Timothy  Davis,  Know-Noth 
ing,  and  740  votes  for  N.  J.  Lord,  Democrat ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1857  and  1858,  and  its 
president;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1859  and  1800;  died  at  Salem, 
Massachusetts,  June  15,  1875.  He  published  "Let 
ters  on  the  Logos"  1828,  "Lectures  on  Witchcraft" 
1832,  "  Life  of  Sir  Henry  Vane  "  1835,  "  Life  of  John 
C.  Fremont"  1856.  He  prepared  a  "Life  of  Wash 
ington"  at  the  request  of  the  Board  of  Education  of 
Massachusetts;  its  publication  was  interdicted  by 
Mr.  Sparks,  on  the  ground  of  its  being  an  infringe 
ment  of  his  copyright  of  the  "  Writings  of  Washing 
ton,"  but  a  large  edition  was  subsequently  sold  at 
London.  He  edited  "The  Christian  Review"  and 
"The  Christian  Register,"  and  was  a  prolific  con 
tributor  to  reviews  and  magazines. 

Upliam,  George  B.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1709;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  University  in  1789;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  serving  as  speaker  in  1809  and  1815 ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Sev 
enth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to 
March  3,  1803;  died  at  Claremont,  New  Hampshire, 
February  10,  1848. 

Upham,  Jabez,  was  born  in  Massachusetts;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1785;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Claremont,  New 
Hampshire;  removed  to  Brookiield,  Massachusetts; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in 
the  Tenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  serving  from  October  20,  1SJ7,  to  1810, 
when  he  resigned ;  died  at  Brookfield,  Massachusetts, 
in  1811. 

Upham,  Nathaniel,  was  born  at  Deerfield, 
New  Hampshire,  June  9,  1774;  received  an  academi 
cal  education  at  Phillips  Academy  at  Exeter;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  and  also  of  the  Ex 
ecutive  Council;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Dem 
ocrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seven 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1, 1817,  to 
March  3,  1823;  died  at  Rochester,  New  Hampshire, 
July  10,  1829. 

Upham,  William,  was  born  at  Leicester,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  August,  1792;  removed  with  his  father 
to  Vermont  in  1802 ;  received  a  classical  education  at 
the  University  of  Vermont;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Montpelier,  Vermont;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1827  and  1828;  was 
State's  attorney  for  Washington  County  in  1829; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1830;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Vermont  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  January  14,  1853,  when  he  died  of  small-pox, 
after  ten  days'  illness,  at  Washington  City. 

Upson,  Charles,  was  born  at  Southington,  Con- 
iM-cticut,  March  19,  1821;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation  ;  was  a  student  at  the  Yale-College  Law  School ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Coldwater, 
Michigan;  was  county-clerk  for  St.  Joseph  County 


in  1849  and  1850;  was  prosecuting-attorney  in  1853 
and  1854;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Michigan  in  1855  and  1856;  was  elected  attorney- 
general  of  the  State  in  1861  and  1862 ;  was  elected  a 
•epresentative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,147  votes 
against  11,385  votes  for  Turner,  Union ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  19,151  votes 
against  12,538  votes  for  Nathaniel  A.  Balch,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  19,023  votes  against  11,228  votes  for  Severens, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March 
3,  1869. 

Upson,  "William  H.,  was  born  at  Worthington, 
Franklin  County,  Ohio,  January  11,  1823;  graduated 
at  Western-Reserve  College  in  1842;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Akron, 
Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1854 
and  1855;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
18,359  votes  against  11,980  votes  for  F.  F.  Backus, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  11,053  votes  against  6,695  votes 
for  J.  M.  Coffinberry,  Democrat,  and  448  votes  for 
Taylor,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1873. 

Upton,  Charles  Horace,  was  born  at  Belfast, 
Maine,  August  23,  1812;  removed  to  Virginia,  and 
settled  at  Falls  Church;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  defeating  S.  F.'  Beach,  who  unsuccess 
fully  contested  the  seat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861, 
to  March  3,  1863;  died  at  Geneva,  Switzerland,  June 
17,  1877. 

Vail,  George,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1803 ; 
received  an  academical  education;  resided  at  Mor- 
ristown;  was  engaged  with  his  brother  (Alfred  Vail) 
and  S.  F.  Morse  in  projecting  the  instruments  used 
for  telegraphic  communication ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,247  votes  against 
0,205  votes  for  Coursen,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  7,281  votes  against 
0,816  votes  for  Osborn,  anti-Nebraska,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  .3,  1857 ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Buchanan  consul  at  Glasgow;  died  at 
Morristown,  New  Jersey,  May  23,  1875. 

Vail,  Henry,  was  born  in  New  York;  resided  at 
Troy ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  died  at 
Troy,  New  York,  June  25,  1833. 

Valk,  William  W.,  was  born  in  South  Caro 
lina;  removed  to  New  York,  and  resided  at  Flushing; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
3,753  votes  against  2,778  votes  for  Allen,  Democrat, 
and  2,676  votes  for  Vail,  Whig,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Vallandigham,  Clement  L.,  was  born  at  New 
Lisbon,  Ohio,  July  29,  1820;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  studying  cne  year  at  Jefferson  College,  Ohio ; 
removed  to  'Maryland,  where  he  was  for  two  years 
the  preceptor  of  an  academy  at  Snow  Hill ;  returned 
to  Ohio  in  1840 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1842,  and  commenced  practice  at  Dayton,  Ohio ; 
edited  "  The  Dayton  Empire  "  1847-1849 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Cin 
cinnati  in  1856;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (having  successful 
ly  contested  the  election  of  Lewis  D.  Campbell)  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,903  votes  against  9,715  votes  for 
Campbell,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  11,052  votes  against 
10,918  votes  for  Craighead,  Republican,  serving 
from  May  25,  1858,  to  March  3,  1863 ;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  11,779  votes  against  13,027  votes 
for  Robert  C.  Schehck,  Republican;  was  arrested  by 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


673 


the  Union  military  authorities  in  1863  for  having 
expressed  his  approval  of  the  Rebellion,  and  banished 
to  the  Confederate  States;  but  he  went  from  Wil 
mington  to  Bermuda,  and  thence  to  Canada,  where 
he  remained  until  peace  was  restored;  during  his 
exile  he  was  defeated  as  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  of  Ohio;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Conventions  at  Chicago  in  1804,  and  at 
New  York  in  1808;  died  at  Lebanon,  Ohio,  June  17, 
1871,  from  a  wound  received  by  the  accidental  dis 
charge  of  a  pistol  while  he  was  arguing  a  case  in 
court. 

Van  Aernam,  Henry,  was  born  at  Marcellus, 
New  York,  March  11,  1811);  received  an  academic 
education;  graduated  at  a  medical  college,  and  prac 
tised  at  Franklinville,  New  York;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1858:  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  surgeon  of  the  One  Hundred 
and  Fifty-fourth  New- York  Volunteers ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  13.990  votes 
against  7,374  votes  for  Jonas  K.  Button,  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
14,495  votes  against  7,299  votes  for  Risley,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  18G5,  to  March  3,  1889. 

Van  Allen,  James  Q.,  was  born  in  Rensselaer 
County,  New  York;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1804;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  20,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Van  Allen,  John  E.,  was  born  in  Rensselaer 
County,  New  York;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion  ;  resided  at  Troy ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Third  Congress;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1799;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1800-1801. 

Van  Auken,  Daniel  M.,  was  born  in  Pike 
County,  Pennsylvania,  January  15,  1820;  graduated 
at  Union  College,  New  York;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Milford,  Penn 
sylvania  ;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  Pike  County, 
Pennsylvania,  from  1855  until  1^59;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,907  votes 
against  9,121  votes  for  Lilley,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-lirst  Congress,  receiving  17,928 
votes  against  10,323  votes  for  Torrey,  Republican, 
serving  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Van  Buren,  John,  was  born  in  Ulster  County, 
New  York;  received  an  academical  education;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Kingston,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  0,007  votes  against  5,930  votes 
for  Benjamin  R.  Bevier,  Whig,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to' March  3,  1843;  died  at  Kingston,  New  York, 
January  10,  1855. 

Van  Buren,  Martin,  was  born  at  Kinderhook, 
New  York,  December  5,  1782;  was  reared  on  his 
father's  farm;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1803,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Kinderhook,  removing  to 
Hudson  in  1809;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1813-1820;  was  attorney-general  of  the  State  of  New 
York  February  17,  1815-July  8,  1819;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1821 ;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  York  as  a 
Democrat,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  to  December  20,  1828,  when  he  resigned  to 
accept  the  office  of  governor  of  the  State  of  New 
York;  this  position  he  resigned  on  the  12th  of 
March,  1829,  having  been  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  secretary  of  state  of  the  United  States ;  this 
position  he  resigned  August  1,  1831,  having  been 
appointed  by  President  Jackson  minister  to  Great 
Britain,  but  the  Senate  rejected  his  nomination,  and 
he  took  leave  March  19, 1832;  was  elected  Vice-Presi- 
dent  on  the  Jackson  ticket  in  1832,  receiving  189  of 


the  277  electoral  votes  cast;  was  elected  President  in 
1830,  receiving  170  of  the  294  electoral  votes  cast, 
serving  March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841 ;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  President  in  1840, 
receiving  00  electoral  votes  against  234  electoral 
votes  for  W.  H.  Harrison,  Whig;  was  the  candidate 
of  the  Antislavery  party  for  President  in  1848;  visit 
ed  Europe  in  1853-1855;  died  at  Kinderhook,  New 
York,  July  24,  1862.  He  wrote  "  Inquiry  into  the 
Origin  and  Course  of  Political  Parties  in  the  United 
States,"  published  by  his  sons  after  his  death.  Lives 
of  him  were  written  by  W.  Holland,  M.  Dawson,  D. 
Crockett,  and  others. 

Vance,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  re 
moved  to  Ohio,  and  resided  at  Urbana;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3, 
1823. 

Vance,  John  L.,  was  born  at  Gallipolis,  Ohio, 
July  19,  1839;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools, 
in  a  printing-office,  and  at  the  Gallia  Academy; 
studied  law;  graduated  at  the  law-school  of  the 
Cincinnati  College  in  April,  1861;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Gallipolis;  entered  the 
Union  army  in  April,  1861,  and  served  in  the  various 
grades  from  captain  to  commandant  of  his  regiment 
until  December,  1864;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1872;  estab 
lished  "The  Gallipolis  Bulletin"  in  1867;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,437  votes 
against  10,496  votes  for  H.  S.  Bundy,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877; 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,639  votes  against 
15,213  votes  for  Henry  S.  Neal,  Republican. 

Vance,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Washington  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania,  March  21,  1786;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
and  cattle-breeding ;  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers 
in  Ohio,  settling  at  Urbana;  was  several  times  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1820; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  governor 
of  Ohio  in  1836;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,510  votes 
against  4,552  votes  for  Hunt,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Whig  National  Convention  of  1848;  died  on 
his  farm  near  Urbana,  Ohio,  August  26,  1851. 

Vance,  Robert  B.,  was  born  in  Buncombe 
County,  North  Carolina;  resided  at  Nashville,  Nash 
County;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Crawford 
Democrat,  receiving  the  same  number  of  votes  as 
Felix  Walker,  Jackson  Democrat  (the  election  then 
devolved  upon  the  sheriffs  of  the  four  counties  com 
posing  the  congressional  district,  of  whose  votes  Mr. 
Vance  received  3,  and  Mr.  Walker  1),  serving  from 
December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Vance,  Robert  Brank,  was  born  in  Buncombe 
County,  North  Carolina,  April  24,  1828;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  by  occupation  a  fanner; 
was  clerk  of  the  Court  of  Pleas  and  Quarter  Sessions 
from  1848  to  1856;  was  elected  captain  of  a  company 
in  the  Confederate  service  in  1861 ;  was  twice  elected 
colonel  of  the  Twenty-ninth  North-Carolina  Regiment, 
and  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in  1863;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democratic  Conservative, 
recei'ving  11,300  votes  against  8,945  votes  for  W.  G. 
Gaudier,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  11,127  votes  against  0,8«7 
votes  for  P.  Durham,  Independent;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,808  votes 


GT4 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


against  7.426  votes  for  Erastus  R.  Hampton,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873. 

Vance,  £ebulon  B.,  was  born  in  Buncombe 
County,  North  Carolina,  May  13,  1830;  received  a 
thorough  English  education,  and  was  one  year  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina ;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1853,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Ashville,  North  Carolina;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1854;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  elec 
tion  of  Thomas  L.  Clingman  as  senator)  as  a  State- 
rights  American,  receiving  2,049  majority  over  Avery, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,02(5  votes  against  6,331  votes  for 
Craige,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1858,  to 
March  3,  1861 ;  was  colonel  of  a  North-Carolina  regi 
ment  which  he  raised  for  the  Confederate  army;  was 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1861-1803;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Democratic  National  Convention  of  1808 
which  nominated  Seymour  and  Blair. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Philip,  was  born  at  New  York, 
September  1, 1749;  received  a  thorough  English  edu 
cation,  and  became  a  land-surveyor;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  at  the  commencement  of  the 
war  as  lieutenant-colonel ;  was  commissioned  as  colo 
nel  in  1776 ;  served  throughout  the  war,  and  was  ap- 
pointed  brigadier-general  for  his  gallant  conduct  at 
Yorktown  under  General  Lafayette;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Convention  which  adopted  the  Federal 
Constitution  in  1788;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1788-1790,  and  of  the 
State  Senate  1791-1793;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  Sev 
enth,  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1809;  devoted 
the  remainder  of  his  life  to  the  cultivation  of  his 
farm  in  Westchester  County,  New  York  ;  accom 
panied  General  Lafayette  on  his  tour  through  the 
United  States  in  1824;  died  November  5,  1831. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Pierre,  jun.,  was  born  in 
Westchester  County,  New  York;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1793-1795;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  by  a  majority  of 
1,533,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to  March  3, 
1813;  died  at  Cortlandt,  New  York. 

Vanderpool,  Aaron,  was  born  at  Kinderhook, 
New  York,  February  5,  17U9;  received  a  classi«al  ed 
ucation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1820,  and  commenced  practice  at  Kinderhook;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1826  and  1830;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  2, 1833,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
lift]  i  Congress ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  9,658  votes  against  9,4G9  votes 
for  Robert  Dorlon,  Whig,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  removed  to  New-York  City, 
and  died  there  July  18,  1870. 

Vanderveer,  Abraham,  was  born  in  King's 
County,  New  York,  in  1781 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1839;  died  at  Brooklyn,  New  York,  July  21,  1839. 

Vandever,  William,  was  born  in  Maryland; 
received  a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Iowa, 
and  located  at  Dubuque ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Iowa  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  25,503  votes  against  22,764  votes  for 
Lefiingwill.  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Tbirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  36,805  votes  against 
•-1. .:".<;  votes  for  Samuels,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863;  served  in  the 
Union  army  as  colonel  in  1861. 

Van  Dyke,  John,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  an  academical  education ;  studied  law ;  was 


admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
Brunswick;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
6,340  votes  against  5,173  votes  for  Kirkpatriek.  Dem 
ocrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
receiving  7,282  votes  against  0,123  votes  for  Hilliard, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1851 ;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New 
Jersey. 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas,  was  born  in  Delaware; 
was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1777-1782;  was  a  signer  of  the  articles  of 
Confederation. 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas,  was  born  in  Delaware ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1788 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Delaware  in  the  Tenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving  from  October  26, 
18v<7,  to  March  3,  1811 ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  Jersey,  serving  from  December  1, 
1817,  to  May  19,  1826,  when  he  died  at  New  Castle, 
Delaware. 

Van  Gaasbeck,  Peter,  was  born  in  Ulster 
County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795. 

Van  Horn,  Burt,  was  born  at  New  Fane,  New 
York,  October  28,  1823;  was  raised  on  a  farm;  was  a 
farmer  and  a  manufacturer;  was  educated  at  the 
Madison  University,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1858-1860;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,OG2 
votes  against  5,882  votes  for  Ely,  Democrat,  serving 
from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,671.  votes 
against  9,533  votes  for  Willett,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  12,204 
votes  against  9,131  votes  for  Com  stock,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Van  Horn,  Robert  T.,  was  born  in  Indiana 
County,  Pennsylvania,  May  19,  1824;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing; 
went  to  Missouri,  where  he  was  mayor  and  postmas 
ter  of  Kansas  City;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
of  Missouri  in  18C3,  1864,  1865 ;  served  in  the  Union 
army  as  major  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  Missouri 
volunteers  during  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the 
Rebellion;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mis 
souri  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Radical  Re 
publican,  receiving  3,498  votes  against  3,226  votes  for 
Norton,  Democrat,  and  695  votes"  for  King,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
5,391  votes  against  4,857  votes  for  James  T.  Burch, 
Conservative ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  receiving  5,427  votes  against  4,560  votes  for 
Shields,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865, 
to  March  3,  1871. 

Van  Home,  Archibald,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Tenth  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving 
from  October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1811. 

Van  Home,  Espy,  was  born  in  Lycoming 
County,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829; 
died  at  Williamsport,  Pennsylvania,  June  25,  1829. 

Van  Home,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ; 
served  as  captain  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Seventh  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  7,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1805;  was  appointed  receiver  of  public  moneys  at 
Zanesville,  Ohio. 

Van  Houton,  Isaac  B.,  was  born  in  Rock! and 
County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833, 
to  March  3,  1835;  died  at  Clarkestown,  New  York. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


675 


Vcinmeter,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  resided 
af  Piketon ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  5,344 
votes  against  5,142  votes  for  Lucas,  Democrat,  and 
106  votes  for  Stewart,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  De 
cember  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Van  Ness,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Ghent,  New 
York,  1770;  received  a  classical  education;  was  a 
student  at  Columbia  College;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  but  never  practised ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 
1801 ;  he  was  married,  in  May,  1802,  to  Marcia  Burns, 
the  heiress  of  Washington  City,  and  soon  afterwards 
accepted  from  President  Jefferson  the  commission  of 
major  of  the  uniformed  militia  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  for  which  the  House  of  Representatives 
declared  his  seat  forfeited  January  17,  1803;  he 
then  made  Washington  City  his  home;  was  elected 
mayor ;  was  president  of  the  Bank  of  the  Metropolis, 
and  filled  other  local  positions;  died  at  Washington 
City  March  7,  1846. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Henry  (son  of  Stephen  Van 
Rensselaer),  was  born  at  Albany,  New  York,  in  1811 ; 
received  a  military  education  at  the  West-Point  Mili 
tary  Academy,  graduating  in  1831 ;  was  commissioned 
brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fifth  United-States 
Infantry  July  1,  1831,  and  resigned  January  27,  1832; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  6,258 
votes  against  5,948  votes  for  Preston  King,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  colonel  and  inspector- 
general,  a  portion  of  the  time  on  the  staff  of  Lieuten- 
ant-General  Scott;  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  March 
23,  1864. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Jeremiah  (brother  of  Ste 
phen  Van  Kensselaer),  was  born  in  1741 ;  received  an 
academical  education,  graduating  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1758;  was  an  active  supporter  of  Revolution 
ary  measures;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from  May 
9,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1801 ;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  New  York  1801- 
1804;  died  at  Albany,  New  York,  February  22,  1822. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Killian  K.,  was  born  at  Al 
bany,  New  York,  in  1763 ;  received  a  thorough  Eng 
lish  education;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  and 
Eleventh  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1801, 
to  March  3,  1811 ;  died  at  Albany,  New  York,  June 
18,  1845. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Solomon,  was  born  in 
Rensselaer  County,  New  York,  in  1774;  received  a 
thorough  English  education;  entered  the  United- 
States  army  as  cornet  of  cavalry  March  14,  1792; 
was  promoted  to  be  captain,  and  wounded  through 
the  lungs  at  the  battle  of  Miami  August  20,  1794; 
was  promoted  to  be  major  January  8,  1799,  and  was 
mustered  out  in  June,  1800;  was  adjutant-general  of 
New  York  in  1801,  1810,  and  1813;  served  in  the  war 
of  1812  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  New- York  volun 
teers,  and  was  dangerously  wounded  in  the  assault 
on  Queeenston  Heights  October  13,  1812;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to 
January  14,  1822,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  the 
postmastersliip  at  Albany,  which  he  held  until  he 
was  removed  by  President  Van  Buren  in  1839 ;  died 
near  Albany  April  23,  1852. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Stephen  (brother  of  Jere 
miah  Van  Rensselaer,  and  father  of  Henry  Van 
Rensselaer),  was  born  at  New  York  November,  1764; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard 
College  in  1782;  was  a  member  of  the  New- York 
Senate  1791-1795;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  New 
York  1795-1801;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  major- 
general  of  volunteers  on  the  frontier;  was  a  canal 


commissioner  from  April  17,  1816,  until  his  death, 
serving  the  last  fourteen  years  as  president  of  the 
canal  board;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (in  place  of  Solo 
mon  Van  Rensselaer,  resigned)  as  an  Adams  man; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Eighteenlh,  Nineteenth,  and 
Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  March  12,  1822, 
to  March  3,  1829;  died  at  Albany  January  26,  1839. 

Vansant,  Joshua,  was  born  at  Baltimore,  Mary 
land,  in  1804;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  for  many  years  in  the  hat  business;  was  a  sena 
torial  elector  in  1836;  was  postmaster  of  Baltimore 
1S39-1S41 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1845 ;  was  a  member  of  a  special  water 
commission  in  1852;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  5,876  votes  against  5,061  votes 
for  Preston,  Whig,  and  serving  from  December  5, 

1853,  until  March  3,  1855;    was  several  times  a  di 
rector  on  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad  in  behalf 
of  the  city  and  of  the  state;   was  four  times  appoint 
ed  finance  commissioner  of  Baltimore;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Mary 
land  in  1867;  was  elected  mayor  of  Baltimore  in  1871, 
and  re-elected  in  1873;  was  appointed  city  comptroller 
of  Baltimore  in  1876. 

Van  Trump,  Philadelph,  was  born  at  Lan 
caster,  Ohio,  November  15,  1810;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing,  and 
edited  "  The  Lancaster  Gazette  and  Enquirer;""  was 
a  delegate  to  the  National  Whig  Convention  which 
nominated  Scott  and  Graham  in  1852;  was  a  candi 
date  for  senatorial  elector  on  the  Fillmore  ticket  for 
Ohio  in  1856;  was  president  of  the  Bell  and  Everett 
State  Convention  in  1860;  was  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  supreme  judge  of  Ohio  in  the  years  1863, 
1864,  and  1865;  served  as  judge  of  the  Court  cf 
Common  Pleas  from  1862  to  1866;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  14,546  votes  against  ll,33(i 
votes  for  Jones,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  16,287  votes  against 
11,374  votes  for  Turney,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  serving  from  March  4, 
1867,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Van  Valkenburgh,  Robert  B.,  was  born  in 
Steuben  County,  New  York,  September  4,  1821;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Bath,  New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  1852,  1857,  and  1858;  was  placed 
in  command  of  the  State  recruiting-depot  at  Eimira 
in  1861,  and  organized  seventeen  regiments  for  the 
war;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  13,167  votes  against  8,507  votes  for  Walker, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,827  votes  against  10.774  votes  for 
Hathaway,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1865 ;  took  the  field  as  colonel  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Seventh  Regiment  of  New-York  Vol 
unteers  while  a  member  of  Congress,  and  com 
manded  it  at  the  battle  of  Antietam;  was  acting 
commissioner  of  Indian  affairs  in  the  summer  of 
1865;  was  appointed  by  President  Johnson  minister 
to  Japan,  serving  January  18,  1866-November  11, 
1869. 

Van  Vorhes,  Nelson  H.,  was  bom  in  Wash 
ington  County,  Pennsylvania,  January  23,  1822;  re 
moved  to  Athens  County,  Ohio,  in  1832 ;  worked  on 
a  farm;  entered  the  printing-office  of  his  father  in 
1836,  and  served  a  six-years'  apprenticeship,  qualify 
ing  himself  for  publishing  a  newspaper,  which  he 
did  until  1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1850-1872,  during  four  years  of 
which  he  was  speaker;  was  elected  probate  judge  in 

1854,  but  soon  afterward  resigned ;    was  the  Whig 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1858,  and  was  defeated  by 
277  votes;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  at  Chicago  which  nominated  Mr.  Lin- 


676 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


coin;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as  a  private; 
was  commissioned  as  first  lieutenant  in  the  Third 
Ohio  Volunteers;  was  quartermaster  of  the  Eigh 
teenth  Ohio  Volunteers,  and  was  colonel  of  the 
Ninety-second  Ohio  Volunteers,  with  which  he 
served  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland  until  pros 
trated  by  pneumonia  at  Nashville;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,655  votes  against 
10,056  votes  for  Wyley  H.  Oklham,  Democrat,  and 
360  votes  for  M.  Alderman,  Prohibitionist;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14,620 
votes  against  14,116  votes  for  Poston,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Vail  Winkle,  Peter  G.,  was  born  at  New- 
York  City  September  7,  1808;  received  an  academic 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Parkersburg  (in  what  is 
now  West  Virginia)  in  1835;  was  a  practising  lawyer 
until  1852,  when  he  became  treasurer,  and  subse 
quently  president,  of  a  railroad  company;  was  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  in  1850 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Wheeling  Re 
organizing  Convention  in  1861 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Convention  which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the 
State  of  West  Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the  legis 
lature  of  West  Virginia  in  1863;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  West  Virginia  as  a  Union  man, 
and  served  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  4,  1869 ; 
he  died  at  Parkersburg,  West  Virginia,  of  a  ner 
vous  prostration,  aggravated  by  dropsy  of  the  chest, 
September  7,  1808. 

Van  Wyck,  Charles  H.,  was  born  at  Pough- 
keepsie  November,  1824;  graduated  at  Rutgers  Col 
lege,  New  Jersey;  studied  and  practised  law;  was 
district-attorney  of  Sullivan  County  from  1850  to 
1856;  entered  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the 
Tenth  Legion,  or  Fifty-sixth  New- York  Volunteers, 
and  commanded  it  during  the  war  for  the  suppres 
sion  of  the  Rebellion,  receiving  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,681  votes 
against  5,532  votes  for  Niven,  Democrat,  and  1,587 
votes  for  Friend,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  8,311  votes  against 
8,163  rotes  for  St.  John,  Fusionist,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1863;  was  again  elected 
to  tha  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  10,194  votes 
against  9,933  votes  for  Anderson,  Democrat;  and 
was  elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican  (the  House  deciding  that  he  received  more  votes 
than  George  W.  Greene,  Democrat,  who  claimed  the 
seat),  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871; 
removed  to  Nebraska,  and  engaged  in  agricultural 
operations;  was  a  member  of  the  State  "Senate  in 
1878. 

Van  Wyck,  William  W.,  was  born  in  Dutch- 
ess  County,  New  York;  resided  at  Fishkill;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Varnum,  James  Mitchell  (a  brother  of  Joseph 
Bradley  Varnum),  was  born  at  Dracut,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1749;  received  a  classical  education,  graduat 
ing  at  Rhode-Island  College  in  1769;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
East  Greenwich,  Rhode  Island;  was  chosen  com 
mander  of  the  Kentish  Guards  in  1774,  and  colonel 
of  the  First  Rhode-Island  Infantry  in  1789;  was  trans 
ferred  to  the  Continental  service  in  1776,  and  promot 
ed  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  1777;  directed 
the  defence  of  FortMifllin;  was  at  the  winter  en- 
<Miii]>meiit  at  Valley  Forge,  and  at  the  battle  of 
Momnouth,  resigning  in  1779;  was  elected  a  dele 
gate  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Continental  Congress 
L780-1782,  and  again  in  1780-1787;  was  appointed  a 
judge  oi  the  United-States  Court  in  the  North-west 
rerritonr;  removed  in  June,  1788,  to  Marietta,  Ohio, 
and  died  there  January  10,  1789. 


Varnum,  John,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
Massachusetts,  in  1783;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  University;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Haverhill,  Massachusetts;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1831 ;  removed  to  Niles,  Michigan, 
where  he  died  July  23,  1836. 

Varnum,  Joseph  Bradley  (brother  of  James 
Mitchell  Varnum),  was  born  at  Dracut,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1759;  received  a  public-school  education; 
served  as  brigadier-general  in  the  Revolutionary  war; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  council ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Fourth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1811,  serving 
the  last  two  terms  as  speaker;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Massachusetts,  defeating  Timo 
thy  Pickering,  serving  from  November  4,  1811,  to 
March  3,  1817;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1829;  was  major-general  of 
militia;  died  suddenly  at  Dracut,  Massachusetts, 
September  11,  1821. 

Vaughan,  William  W".,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,990  votes  against 
5,346  votes  for  W.  J.  Smith,  Republican,  and  3,290 
votes  for  E.  Shaw,  Independent  Republican,  serving 
from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873;  died  at  Mem 
phis,  Tennessee,  August  19,  1878. 

Veeder,  William  D.,  was  born  at  Guilderland, 
Albany  County,  New  York,  May  19,  1835 ;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law  at  Albany 
with  Peter  Cagger  and  Nicholas  II ill;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  March,  1858,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Brooklyn ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Assembly 
in  1865  and  18G6;  was  a  member  of  the  Democratic 
State  Committee  1875-1877;  was  a  member  of  the 
New- York  State  Constitutional  Convention  1867- 
1868;  was  surrogate  of  King's  County,  New  York, 
1867-1877;  wras  ejected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  17,916  votes  against  10,630  votes  for  James 
Cavanagh,  Republican. 

Venable,  Abraham  B.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1780;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Second  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses, 
serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  3,  1799; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia 
(in  place  of  Stevens  T.  Mason,  deceased),  serving 
from  December  13,  1803,  to  June  7,  1804,  when  he 
resigned ;  perished  with  about  seventy  others  in 
the  conflagration  of  the  theatre  at  Richmond,  Vir 
ginia,  December  26,  1811. 

Venable,  Abraham  Watkins,  was  born  in 
Prince  Edward  County,  Virginia,  October  17,  1799; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Hamp- 
den-Sidney  College  in  1816;  studied  medicine  for 
two  years,  and  then  went  to  Princeton,  where  he 
graduated  in  1816;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1821,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1832  on  the  Jackson  and 
Van  Buren  ticket,  and  again  in  1832  on  the  Vail 
Buren  and  Johnson  ticket;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thirtieth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,588  votes  against 
4,435  votes  for  John  Kerr,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  5,025  votes 
against  4,315  votes  for  H.  K.  Nash,  Whig;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  receiving 
3,616  votes  against  2,520  votes  for  Graves,  Oppo 
sition,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1853 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1860  on  the  Breck- 
iuridge  and  Lane  ticket;  was  a  delegate  from  North 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


GT7 


Carolina  to  the  adjourned  session  of  the  Provisional 
Confederate  Congress  which  met  at  Richmond  in 
July,  1801;  died  at  Brownsville,  North  Carolina, 
February  24,  1876. 

Verplanck,  Daniel  C.  (father  of  Gulian  C. 
Verplanck),  was  born  in  Dutchess  County,  New 
York,  in  1761;  received  an  academical  education; 
resided  at  Fishkill;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Eighth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving 
from  October  17,  1893,  to  March  3,1809;  was  first 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Dutchess 
County  March  11,  1828-January  16,  1830;  interested 
himself  in  agriculture ;  died  at  his  country-seat  near 
Fishkill  March  29,  1834. 

Verplanck,  Gulian  C.  (son  of  Daniel  C.  Ver 
planck),  was  born  at  New  York  August,  1786;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Colum 
bia  College  in  1801 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  travelled  extensively  in  Europe ;  returned 
home,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  1820-1822;  was 
professor  of  the  evidences  cf  Christianity  in  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Theological  Seminary  at  New- 
York  City;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty- 
first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  5,  1825,  to  March  2,  1833;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  mayor  of  New  York  in  1834; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  183S-1841 ;  was  for 
some  years  president  of  the  Board  cf  Commissioners 
of  Emigration,  one  of  the  vestrymen  of  Trinity 
Church,  one  of  the  governors  of  the  City  Hospital, 
and  vice-chancellor  of  the  State  University;  he  died 
at  New- York  City  March  18,  1870.  He  published 
"  The  Early  European  Friends  of  America,"  "  Essays 
on  the  Evidences  of  Revealed  Religion,"  "  Oration 
on  the  Law  of  Literary  Property,"  "  The  Talisman," 
"  Discourses  on  Various  Subjects,"  and  an  edition  of 
Shakspeare's  plays,  with  notes. 

Verree,  John  P.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1819;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  an  iron-manufacturer;  was  for  six 
years  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  city  council, 
serving  four  years  as  presiding  officer;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,977  votes 
against  5,834  votes  for  Landy,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving 
8,931  votes  against  8,909  votes  for  Kline,  Democrat, 
and  359  votes  for  Hamilton,  Unionist,  serving  from 
December  5,  1C59,  to  March  3,  1803. 

Vibbord,  Cliauncy,  was  born  at  Galway,  Sara 
toga  County,  New  York,  November  11,  1811;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  was  a  clerk  in  a 
store;  entered  the  service  of  the  Utica  and  Schenec- 
tady  Railroad  as  clerk  in  a  ticket-office,  and  became 
superintendent  cf  the  road;  was  superintendent  of 
the  Now- York  Central  Railroad;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,019  votes 
against  11,602  votes  for  Mix,  Republican,  serving 
from  July  4,  1831,  to  March  3,  1863. 

Vickero,  George,  was  born  in  Chestertown, 
Kent  County,  Maryland,  November  19, 1801 ;  received 
an  academic  education ;  became  a  clerk  in  the  coun- 
ty-clcrk's  office;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  IS'32,  and  practised  at  Chestertown ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Whig  National  Convention  at  Balti 
more,  in  1852;  declined  the  appointment  of  judge 
respectively  tendered  by  Governors  Hicks  and  Brad 
ford;  was  appointed  major-general  of  militia  in 
1801  by  the  former;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
McClellan  ticket  in  1864;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  cf  Maryland  in  1866  and  1867 ;  was  one  cf  the 
vice-presidents  of  the  Union  Convention  held  in 
Philadelphia  in  1866 ;  was  elected  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Maryland  as  a  Conservative  Democrat  (to  fill 
the  vacancy  created  by  the  rejection  of  Philip  Fran 


cis  Thomas),  serving  from  March  9, 1SC8,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Videl,  Michel,  was  born  at  Languedoc,  France ; 
received  an  academical  education ;  immigrated  to  the 
republic  of  Texas  ;  was  subsequently  a  writer  for 
journals  in  New  Orleans,  New  York,  and  Quebec; 
established  "The  St.  Landry  Progress "  in  1857;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1868;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  from  July  18,  1868,  to 
March  3,  18G9;  was  appointed  consul  at  Tripoli. 

Vining,  John,  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1784-1780;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Delaware  in  the  First  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Second  Congress,  serving  from 
May  6,  1789,  to  March  2,  1793;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Delaware,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  2_,  1793,  to  March  0,  1798,  when  he  resigned. 

Vinton,  Samuel  P.,  was  born  at  South  Had- 
ley,  Massachusetts,  September  25,  1792;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Williams  College, 
in  Massachusetts,  in  1814;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1816,  and  commenced  practice  at  Galli- 
polis ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1837; 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  4,133  votes  against  3,269  votes  for 
Cleveland,  Democrat, -and  213  votes  for  Buckingham, 
Unionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and 
Thirtieth  Congresses ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  5,799  votes  against  4,416  Votes 
for  Tucker,  Democrat,  serving  frcm~December  4. 1843, 
to  March  3,  1851 ;  was  appointed  a  commissioner  by 
President  Lincoln  to  appraise  the  slaves  emancipated 
in  the  District  cf  Columbia  in  1862;  died  at  Wash 
ington  City  in  May,  1802. 

Voorheeo,  Daniel  W.,  was  born  in  Fountain 
County,  Indiana,  September  26,  1828;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  Indiana  Asbury 
University  in  1849;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1851,  and  commenced  practice  at  Crawfords- 
ville,  Indiana,  in  1851 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  11,072  votes  against  11,302  votes  for  James  Wil 
son,  Republican;  was  appointed  by  President  Bu 
chanan  United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of 
Indiana  1858-1860;  went  to  Virginia  in  1859  as  coun 
sel  for  John  E.  Cook,  one  cf  John  Brown's  raiders; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,535  votes  against  11,516  votes  for  Thomas  H.  Nel 
son,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  12,457  votes  against  9,1-70  votes 
for  H.  D.  Scott,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  12,880  votes  against 
12,290  votes  for  Washburn,  Republican,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  February  23,  1800,  when  his  election 
was  successfully  contested,  and  his  seat  given  to 
Henry  D.  Washburn;  was  again  elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  17,278  votes  against  15,843  votes 
for  Dunn,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3, 1873;  was  appointed  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Indiana  (in  place  of  Oliver  P.  Morton,  de 
ceased),  serving  from  November  12,  1877.  His  term 
of  office  will  expire  with  the  next  meeting  of  the 
legislature  of  Indiana. 

V  OS6,  Roger,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire  in 
176:5;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  University  in  1790;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Walpole, 
New  Hampshire ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
and  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Federalist  on  the  "Peace  ticket," 
headed  by  Daniel  Webster,  receiving  18,611  votes 


678 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


against  15,966  votes  for  S.  Dinsmore,  War  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  was  chief  jus 
tice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  Western 
Circuit ;  died  at  Walpole,  New  Hampshire,  October 
28,  1841. 

Vroom,  Peter  D.,  was  born  in  Somerset  County, 
New  Jersey,  in  1701 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Columbia  College,  New  York,  in  1808; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and 
practised  successively  in  Morris,  Sussex,  Hunterdon, 
and  Somerset  Counties ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1826,  1827,  and  1829; 
was  elected  governor  of  New  Jersey  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  in  1829,  1831;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  governor  by  S.  L.  Southard, 
Whig,  iu  1832,  but  again  elected  in  1833-1836 ;  was 
appointed  by  President  Van  Buren  in  1838  a  commis 
sioner  to  adjust  the  claims  of  the  Indians  in  Missis 
sippi;  claimed  to  have  a  certificate  of  election  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  with  the  "  broad  seal  "of  the 
State,  but  was  not  admitted  to  a  seat;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and,  after  much  discussion, 
he  was  admitted  to  a  seat,  serving  from  March  10, 
1340.  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1844;  was  a  presiden 
tial  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in  1852; 
was  appointed  by  Governor  Fort  in  1853  to  the  chief 
justiceship  of  the  State  Supremo  Court,  but  declined 
it;  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  minister  to 
Prussia,  serving  from  May  24,  1853,  to  August  10, 
1857 :  was  a  delegate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Peace 
Convention  at  Washington  in  1801 ;  was  appointed  a 
commissioner  of  the  State  sinking  fund  in  1864 ;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Seymour  ticket  in  1868; 
died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  November  18,  1873. 
He  published  five  volumes  cf  "Reports  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  New  Jersey." 

Waddell,  Alfred  Moore,  was  born  at  Hills- 
borough,  North  Carolina,  September  16,  1834;  was 
educated  at  Bingham's  School  and  Caldwell  Institute 
at  Hillsborough,  and  graduated  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1853;  studied  law,  and  practised 
at  Wilmington;  was  clerk  of  a  Court  of  Equity  from 
1853  until  1861 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Con 
servative  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1860  which 
nominated  Bell  and  Everett;  owned  and  edited  "  The 
Wilmington  Daily  Herald"  from  May,  I860,  to  May, 
1861 ;  served  in  the  Confederate  array  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  cavalry;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  in  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Democrat  by  a  majority  of  351  over  O.  II.  Dockery, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,236  votes  against  13,557  votes  for 
N.  McKay,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  15,572  votes  against  14,285 
votes  for  Neil  McKay,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
17,534  votes  against  15,796  votes  for  W.  P.  Canada, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 1871. 

Wade,  Benjamin  F.,  was  born  in  Feeding 
Hills  Parish  (near  Springfield),  Massachusetts,  Oc 
tober  27,  1800;  received  a  public-school  education; 
went  to  Ohio,  where  he  was  a  school-teacher  and 
farmer  while  studying  law;  after  commencing  prac 
tice,  he  held  several  local  offices  in  Ashtabula  Coun 
ty,  Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio 
from  1837  to  1833;  was  president  of  the  Third  Judi 
cial  Circuit  of  Ohio  in  1847;  was  elected  to  the  Unit 
ed-States  Senate  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  Thomas 
Ewing,  Whig) ;  took  his  seat  December  1,  1851 ;  was 
re-elected  in  1857,  and  again  re-elected  in  1863,  serv- 
inguutil  March  4,  1869. 

Wade,  Edward,  was  born  at  West  Springfield, 
ichusetts,  November  22,  1803;  received  a  public- 
>1  education;  removed  with  his  father  to  Ashta 
bula  County,  Ohio,  in  1821;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  iu  1827,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Jefferson,  Ohio ;  removed  iu  1832  to  Unionville,  and 


in  1837  to  Cleveland;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Free-soil 
candidate,  receiving  5,274  votes  against  4,046  votes 
for  Case,  Whig,  and  3,715  votes  for  Wilson,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  7,699  votes  against  3,079  votes 
for  Wilder,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  9,431  votes  against 
4,467  votes  for  Hilliard,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  8,557  votes 
against  4,597  votes  for  Gray,  Democrat,  and  99  votes 
for  Kelly,  Independent,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1861;  died  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  Au 
gust  7,  1862. 

Wadleigh,  Bainbridge,  was  born  at  Bradford, 
New  Hampshire,  January  4,  1831 ;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  February,  1850,  and  practised  at  Milford ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1855,  1856,  1859, 1860,  1869,  1870,  1871,  and  1872;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  Hampshire 
as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  J.  W.  Patterson,  Repub 
lican),  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1873.  His  term  of 
service  will  expire  March  3,  1879. 

Wadsworth,  James,  was  born  in  Durham, 
Connecticut,  July  6,  1730 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1748;  was 
town-clerk  of  Durham  1756-1786;  was  colonel  and 
brigadier-general  of  Connecticut  militia  in  1776,  and 
second  major-general  in  1777 ;  was  ordered  to  New 
Haven  to  defend  the  towns  on  the  coast  in  1777,  and 
was  for  some  time  a  member  of  the  State  Committee 
of  Safety ;  was  for  some  years  a  justice,  and  then  the 
presiding  justice,  of  the  New-Haven  County  Court  of 
Common  Pleas ;  was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1783-1786 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Executive  Council  1785-1790 ;  died  at  Durham, 
Connecticut,  September  22,  1817. 

W^adsworth,  Jeremiah,  was  born  at  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  in  1743;  was  the  originator  of  numer 
ous  plans  for  the  improvement  of  his  native  town, 
and  held  a  number  of  local  offices;  was  commis 
sary-general  of  the  Continental  army  during  the 
greater  part  of  the  war  of  the  Revolution;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1786-1788; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
First  Congress  as  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Second  and  Third  Congresses,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3,  1795 ;  died  at  Hartford,  Connecti 
cut,  April  30,  1804. 

\Vadsworth,  Peleg,  was  born  at  Duxbury, 
Massachusetts,  May  6,  1748;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1769; 
taught  school  at  Plymouth  with  Alexander  Scam- 
mell,  and  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits;  served 
throughout  the  Revolutionary  war;  removed  to  Port 
land  in  1784,  and  became  a  land  agent  and  surveyor; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1792;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  that  portion  of  Massa 
chusetts  which  was  afterwards  Maine  in  the  Third 
Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth, 
Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses,  serving 
from  December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1807;  removed 
in  the  fall  of  1807  to  Oxford  County,  Maine,  to  sur 
vey  and  improve  a  large  tract  of  land  granted  to  him 
by  government  for  his  services;  died  at  Hiram,  Ox 
ford  County,  Maine,  November  18,  1829. 

Wadsworth,  William  H.,  was  born  at  Mays- 
ville,  Kentucky,  July  4,  1821;  received  a  classical 
education  at  the  Augusta  College  of  Kentucky; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Maysville,  Kentucky;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1853  and  1855;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
12,130  votes  against  3,850  votes  for  Williams,  Seces 
sionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  6,638  votes  against  567  votes  for  Brown, 
Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


679 


1865;  was  appointed  a  commissioner  under  the 
Claims  Convention  of  July  4,  1808,  between  the 
United  States  and  Mexico. 

Wagener,  David  DM  was  born  atEaston,  Penn 
sylvania;  received  a  public-school  education;  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  for  many  years 
president  of  the  EastonBank;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1841. 

Waggamann,  George  A.,  was  born  in  1790; 
was  a  practising  lawyer  at  New  Orleans,  and  also  in 
terested  in  sugar-planting ;  was  secretary  of  state  of 
the  State  of  Louisiana  under  three  successive  gov 
ernors;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Louisiana  (in  place  of  Edward  Livingston,  resigned) 
as  a  Whig,  serving  from  January  3,  1832,  to  March  3, 
1835;  died  at  New  Orleans  March  23,  1843,  from  the 
effects  of  a  wound  received  in  a  duel. 

Wagner,  Peter  J.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Fort  Plain;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  4,491  votes  against  4,441  votes  for 
David  F.  Sacia,  Democrat,  serving  from.  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1841. 

"Wait,  John  Turner,  was  born  at  New  London, 
Connecticut,  August  27,  1811;  received  a  mercantile 
training  in  early  life,  and  afterwards  was  two  years 
at  Trinity  College,  Hartford;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  practised  at  Norwich; 
was  State's  attorney  for  the  county  of  New  London 
in  1842-1844  and  in  1840-1854;  has  been  president 
of  the  Bar  Association  of  that  county  from  its  or 
ganization  in  1874  to  the  present  time;  was  an  un 
successful  candidate  for  lieutenant-governor  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1854-1857,  receiving  each  year 
the  highest  vote  on  the  ticket;  was  the  first  elector 
at  large  as  a  War  Democrat  in  1804  on  the  Lincoln 
and  Johnson  ticket;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  in  18(35  and  1800,  serving  the  last  year  as  president 
pro  tempore ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
representatives  in  1807,  1871,  and  1873,  serving  as 
speaker  the  first  year,  and  subsequently  declining 
that  position;  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
lieutenant-governor  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1874, 
receiving  the  highest  vote  on  the  ticket;  was  elected 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Hon.  H.  H.  Starkweather) ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  11,283  votes  against  9,535  votes  for 
Thomas  M.  Waller,  Democrat,  and  175  votes  for 
Elisha  H.  Palmer,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  April 
12,  1876. 

Wakeman,  Abraham,  was  born  at  Fairfield, 
Connecticut,  May  31,  1824;  received  an  academical 
education  by  his  own  industry ;  studied  law  in  Her- 
kimer  County,  New  York;  removed  to  New-York 
City  in  1840;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  and 
commenced  practice  there;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1850  and  1851 ; 
was  an  alderman  of  the  city  of  New  York  1854-1850 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
4,895  votes  against  2,909  votes  for  Curtis,  Democrat, 
and  1,099  for  Fellows,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Wakeman,  Seth,  was  born  at  Franklin,  Ver 
mont.  January  15,  1811;  studied  law,  and  practised 
at  Batavia,  New  York ;  was  district-attorney  of  Gene- 
see  County,  New  York,  from  1851  to  1857;  was  a 
member  of  the  Assembly  of  the  State  of  New  York 
1850-1857;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  New  York  in  1807-1868;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,134  votes  against  9,039  votes  for  J.  Gr.  Shepard, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 


Walbridge,  David  S.,  was  born  at  Benning- 
tou,  Vermont,  July  30,  1802;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  was  a  farmer,  a  merchant,  and  a 
miller;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1842,  and  settled  at 
Kalamazoo;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Michi 
gan  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  12,865  votes  against  10,178  votes  for  Clark, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  23,550  votes  against  16,046  votes  for 
Littlejohn,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1855,  to  March  3,  1859;  died  at  Kalamazoo,  Michigan, 
June  15,  1808. 

Walbridge,  Henry  S.,  resided  at  Ithaca,  New 
York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 


.-•i  ruiK  iiuni  uci^iiiLitl    J.,   1COJ.,   IO  OLtU 

Walbridge,  Hiram,  was  born  at  Ithaca,  New 
York,  February  2,  1821;  removed  with  his  parents 
in  1836  to  Toledo,  Ohio ;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law  with  M.  II.  Tilden;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  practised  at  Toledo;  removed 
to  New  York  in  1847,  and  engaged  in  commercial 
pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,814  votes  against  4,797  votes  for  Bowen, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1855 ;  was  a  devoted  friend  of  the  Union  during  the 
war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion ;  was  vice- 
president  of  a  National  Commercial  Convention  at 
Chicago,  and  subsequently  presided  over  similar  con 
ventions  at  Detroit  arid  Louisville;  was  defeated  as 
the  Union  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  4,535  votes  against  7,828  votes  for  Benja 
min  Wood,  Democrat;  retired  from  business;  died 
at  the  Astor  House,  New- York  City,  after  a  painful 
surgical  operation  for  the  stone,  December  6,  1870. 

Walden,  Hiram,  was  born  at  Rutland,  Ver 
mont,  August  29,  1800;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  with  his  father  to  New  York, 
and  located  at  Wright,  Scoharie  County ;  became  a 
wool-carder  and  cloth-dresser;  was  interested  in  the 
militia,  and  became,  by  gradual  promotion,  a  major- 
general  ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1830;  was  supervisor  of  the  County  of 
Scoharie  in  1842 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  0,636  votes  against  0,339  votes  for 
Smith,  Whig,  and  2,787  votes  for  Hammond,  Van 
Burcn  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851. 

Walden,  Madison  M.,  was  born  in  Adams 
County,  Ohio,  October  6,  1836;  was  educated  at  a 
district-school  and  the  Denmark  Academy;  attended 
for  one  year  the  Iowa  Wesleyan  University;  gradu 
ated  at  the  Wesleyan  University  at  Delaware,  Ohio, 
in  1859;  served  in  the  Union  army  from  May,  1861, 
to  May,  1865,  as  captain  in  the  Sixth  Iowa  Infantry 
and  Eighth  Iowa  Cavalry;  was  in  charge  of  a  news 
paper  at  Centre ville,  Iowa;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1866  and  1867; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1868  and  1869; 
was  lieutenant-governor  of  Iowa  in  1870;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  19,005 
votes  against  14,883  votes  for  W.  T.  Smith,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873. 

W^aldo,  Loren  P.,  was  born  at  Canterbury, 
Connecticut,  February  2,  1802;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  September,  1825,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Tolland  Court  House,  Connecticut ;  was  State's  attor 
ney  for  Tolland  County  1837-1849;  was  two  years 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Probate,  and  six  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  legislature ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,444  votes  against  7,327 
votes  for  Chapman,  Whig,  and  28  scattering,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851; 
was  commissioner  of  the  State  school  fund;  was 


680 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


appointed  by  President  Pierce  commissioner  of 
pensions,  serving  from  March  17,  1853,  to  June  5, 
1850,  when  he  was  elected  by  the  legislature  of  Con 
necticut  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court. 

Waldrbn,^  Henry,  was  born  at  Albany,  New 
York,  October  11,  1819;  graduated  at  Rutgers  Col 
lege.  New  Jersey,  in  1836;  removed  to  Michigan  in 
js;;;.  and  engaged  in  business  pursuits;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Michigan  legislature  in  1843 :  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,055  votes 
ag:iinst  8.113  votes  for  Noble,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  10,407 
votes  against  10,064  votes  for  Barry,  Democrat ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving 
14,653  votes  against  10,137  votes  for  Stacy,  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  18,348  votes  against  17,447 
votes  for  N.  B.  Eldrfdge,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  17,427  votes 
against  10,542  votes  for  A.  Mahan,  Liberal ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 'receiving 
14,611  votes  against  14,054  votes  for  John  J,  Robin 
son,  Democrat. 

Wales,  George  E.,  was  born  in  Wyndham 
County,  Vermont;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1818-1824,  serving  the  last  two  years  as 
speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving  1,580  majority; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  judge 
of  probate  for  Hartford  County  1843-1848. 

Wales,  John,  resided  at  Wilmington,  Dela 
ware;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Delaware  (in  place  of  John  M.  Clayton,  resigned)  as 
a  Whig,  serving  from  February  26,  1849,  to  March  3, 
185!;  died  at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  December  3, 
1863. 

W^alker,  Amasa,  was  born  at  Woodstock,  Con 
necticut,  May  4,  1799;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  at  North  Brookfield,  Massachusetts,  where  he 
afterwards  resided;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
at  Boston  1825-1840;  became  a  zealous  reformer; 
was  professor  of  political  economy  at  Oberlin  Col 
lege  1842-1849;  was  a  delegate  to  the  International 
Peace  Convention  in  1843,  and  again  in  1849;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  from 
North  Brookfield  in  1849,  and  State  senator  in  1850; 
was  secretary  of  state  of  Massachusetts  in  1851  and 
3853;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1853;  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican  (to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  G.  F.  Bailey), 
serving  from  December  1,  1862,  until  March  3,  1803; 
was  lecturer  on  political  economy  at  Amherst  Col 
lege  1861-1875;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket  in  1860;  was  delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  Loyalists'  Convention  in  1806;  died 
at  North  Brookrield,  Massachusetts,  October  29, 1875. 
He  published  "  The  Science  of  Wealth,"  a  financial 
text-book,  with  numerous  official  documents,  lec 
tures,  and  orations. 

Walker,  Benjamin,  was  born  at  Utica,  New 
York ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,204  votes  against  2,216  votes  for  Jacob  Eaker, 
Federalist,  serving  from  December  7.  1801.  to  March 
3,  1803. 

Walker,  Charles  C.  B.,  was  born  at  Drews- 
ville,  New  Hampshire,  June  27,  1824;  received  an 
academic  education;  removed  to  Corning,  New 
York,  in  1848;  was  elected  supervisor  of  Corning, 
and  was  postmaster  there  1850-1860;  was  a  delegate 
I-)  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Charles 
ton  in  1860;  served  as  an  assistant  quartermaster- 
general  at  the  camp  at  Elmira  in  1861 ;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore 
in  Ls~2;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Democratic  Cen 
tral  Committee  of  New  York  from  1852  until  1874; 


and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
17,020  votes  against  14,128  votes  for  Hakes,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  Match  3, 
1877. 

W^alker,  David,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Fif 
teenth  Congress,  defeating  Solomon  P.  Sharpe;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  1,  1820,  when  he  died  at 
Washington  City,  having  previously  sent  a  request  to 
Congress  that  his  death  should  not  be  officially  no 
ticed, —  a  request  which  was  complied  with. 

W^alker,  Felix,  was  born  in  Hampshire  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  July  19,  1753;  removed  to  North  Caro 
lina,  wTiiere  he  became  a  friend  of  Daniel  Boone,  with 
whom  he  explored  Kentucky  in  1774-1775 ;  settled  in 
Tryon  (afterwards  Rutherford)  County,  North  Caro 
lina;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1799-1806;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth, 
and  Seventeenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
1,  1817,  until  March  3,  1823;  was  defeated  for  re 
election  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  by  R.  B.  Vance ; 
removed  to  Tennessee,  and  thence  to  Mississippi, 
where  he  died  in  1863. 

W^alker,  Francis,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795. 

W^alker,  Freeman,  resided  at  Augusta,  Geor 
gia  ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Georgia  (in  place  of  John  Forsyth,  resigned)  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  15,  1819,  to 
August  8,  1821,  when  he  resigned ;  died  at  Au 
gusta,  Georgia,  September  23,  1827. 

W^alker,  George,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  was 
appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Kentucky 
(in  place  of  George  M.  Bibb,  resigned),  serving  from 
October  10,  1814,  to  February  2,  1815,  when  the  sen 
ator  elected  by  the  legislature  took  his  seat. 

Walker,  Gilbert  Carlton,  was  born  at  Bing- 
hamton,  New  York,  August  1,  1832;  was  educated 
at  Binghamton  Academy,  Williams  College,  Massa 
chusetts,  and  Hamilton  College,  New  York,  graduat 
ing  from  the  latter  institution  in  July,  1854;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1855,  and 
practised  in  New  York  and  Chicago  until  1864,  when 
he  removed  to  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  engaged  in 
the  business  cf  banking;  was  elected,  in  July,  1869, 
governor  of  Virginia  over  H.  H.  Wells,  Republican, 
by  a  majority  of  over  18,000,  and  retired  from  that 
office  in  January,  1874;  was  grand  master  of  Ma 
sons  in  Virginia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Virginia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Con 
servative,  receiving  13,325  votes  against  10,710  votes 
for  Rush  Burgess,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,536  votes  against 
13,420  votes  for  C.  S.  Mills,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  6,  1875. 

W^alker,  Isaac  P.,  resided  at  Milwaukee;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Wisconsin  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  June  26,  1848,  to  March 
3,  1855. 

W"alker,  John,  was  born  in  Virginia;  was  ap 
pointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Virginia  (in 
place  of  William  Grayson,  deceased),  serving  from 
May  4,  1790,  to  December  6,  1790,  when  the  senator 
elected  by  the  legislature  took  his  seat. 

W^alker,  Jonn  Williams,  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1806; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Huntsville,  Alabama;  was  elected  one  of  the  first 
United-States  senators  from  Alabama,  serving  from 
December  14,  1819,  to  December,  1822,  when  he  re 
signed  on  account  of  ill  health ;  died  at  Huntsville, 
Alabama,  April  11,  1823. 

W^alker,  Percy,  was  born  near  Huntsville,  Ala 
bama;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
medicine,  graduating  in  1885  from  the  medical  de 
partment  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


681 


commenced  practice  at  Mobile,  Alabama;  was  a  lieu 
tenant  of  Alabama  volunteers  during  the  campaign 
against  the  Creek  Indians;  studied  law;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1839; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Mobile;  was  State's  attorney  for  the  Sixth 
Judicial  District  for  four  years;  was  again  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1847  and  in 
1853;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  re 
ceiving  5,293  votes  against  4,689  votes  for  Stallworth, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1857;  declined  a  renomination. 

Walker,  Robert  J.,  was  born  at  Northumber 
land,  Pennsylvania,  July  19,  1801 ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Penn 
sylvania  in  1819;  studied  law  with  his  father;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1821;  removed  to  Mis 
sissippi  in  1826,  and  located  at  Madisonville;  was 
appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  Mississippi 
(no  successor  to  George  Poindexter  having  been 
elected)  as  a  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected,  serving 
from  February  22,  1836,  to  March  5,  1845,  when  he 
resigned;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  secretary 
of  the  treasury,  serving  from  March  6,  1845,  to  March 
3,  1849 ;  visited  England ;  was  appointed  by  President 
Buchanan  governor  of  Kansas  in  1857,  but  soon 
resigned;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  in 
1863  financial  agent  to  Europe;  was  the  counsel  for 
the  Russian  Government  when  Alaska  was  sold  to  the 
United  States;  had  an  extensive  practice  before  the 
Supreme  Court;  and  died  at  Washington  City  No 
vember  11,  1809.  _ 

Walker,  William  A.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  a  public-school  education;  removed 
to  New-York  City;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5,801  votes  against  4,702  votes  for 
Roberts,  Whig,  and  638  scattering,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  died  at  New  York 
December  18,  1861. 

Wall,  Garret  D.  (father  of  James  W.  Wall), 
was  born  in  Monmouth  County,  New  Jersey,  March 
10,  1783;  received  an  academical  education ;  studied 
law  at  Trenton ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey; 
was  clerk  of  the  Supreme  Court  1812-1817;  was 
State  quartermaster-general  1815-1837 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1827 ; 
was  United-States  attorney  for  the  district  of  New 
Jersey  in  1829;  was  elected  the  same  year  as  gov 
ernor  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  but  declined ;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey  as 
a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 1835,  to  March 
3,  1841 ;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Errors  and  Ap 
peals  1848-1850;  died  at  Burlington,  New  Jersey, 
of  dropsy  on  the  chest,  November  22,  1850. 

Wall,  James  W.  (son  of  Garret  D.  Wall),  was 
born  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  in  1820;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  the  College  of  New 
Jersey  at  New  Brunswick  in  1839;  studied  law  with 
Daniel  Haines;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Trenton;  was  commissioner 
of  bankruptcy;  removed  to  Burlington  in  1847;  was 
mayor  of  Burlington  in  1850;  visited  Europe  in  1854; 
he  took  strong  grounds  in  1861  against  coercing  the 
South,  and  was  imprisoned  for  some  time  in  Fort 
Lafayette ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
New  Jersey  (in  place  of  John  R.  Thomson,  de 
ceased)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  January  21,  1863, 
to  March  3,  1803;  died  at  Elizabeth,  New  Jersey, 
June  9,  1872.  He  published  "Foreign  Etchings,  or 
Visits  to  the  Old  World's  Pleasant  Places,"  and  was 
a  frequent  contributor  to  Democratic  newspapers. 

Wall,  W^illiam,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  March  20,  1801;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  served  a  seven-years'  apprentice 
ship  to  the  trade  of  ropemaker;  removed  to  King's 
County,  Long  Island,  in  1822,  and  was  so  successful 


in  his  business  that  he  retired  with  a  fortune  in 
1856;  held  a  number  of  local  offices;  was  a  commis 
sioner  of  the  Brooklyn  Water- Works ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,877  votes 
against  6,811  votes  for  Taylor,  Democrat,  and  3,085 
votes  for  Duffy,  Independent  Democrat,  serving  from 
July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  died  at  Brooklyn, 
New  York,  April  20,  1872. 

Wallace,  Alexander  S.,  was  born  in  York 
County,  South  Carolina,  December  30, 1810;  received 
a  common-school  education;  was  a  planter;  was  ap 
pointed  a  magistrate  in  1838,  and  was  successively 
re-appointed  until  1853 ;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  South  Carolina  in  1852  as  a  Union  can 
didate  in  opposition  to  the  secession  movement  of 
1851,  and  re-elected  in  1853,  1854, 1855,  1858,  and  1859; 
and  was  a  Union  candidate  in  1860,  but  was  defeated 
by  the  Secessionists;  was  again  elected  in  1865  as  a 
Union  candidate;  was  appointed  internal-revenue 
collector  of  the  Third  District  of  South  Carolina  in 
July,  1866,  which  office  he  held  until  he  was  elected 
to  Congress ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  16,646  votes  against  13,422  votes  for  I.  G.  McKis- 
sick,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  14,590  votes  against  12,879  votes 
for  B.  F.  Perry,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  16,452  votes  against 
14,445  votes  for  Joseph  B.  Kersha'w,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Wallace,  Daniel,  was  born  in  Union  County, 
South  Carolina;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (in  place 
of  James  A.  Black,  deceased),  receiving  3,369  votes 
against  3,044  votes  for  H.  H.  Thompson,  and  2,097 
votes  f or  F.  W.  Davie;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  serving  from  June 
12,  1848,  to  March  3,  1853. 

W^allace,  David,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  April  4,  1799;  removed  with  his  pa 
rents  to  Ohio;  received  a  military  education,  gradu 
ating  from  the  West-Point  Military  Academy  in  1820; 
was  assistant  professor  of  mathematics  there  January, 
1820-February,  1821;  was  commissioned  brevet  sec 
ond  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Artillery  July  1,  1821, 
and  resigned  June  1,  1822 ;  removed  to  Indianapolis, 
Indiana;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1830  and  in  1833;  was  governor  of 
Indiana  1837-1840 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  6,314  votes  against  7,399 
votes  for  W.  J.  Brown,  Democrat ;  was  State  prose- 
cuting-attorney;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention ;  was  elected  in  1856  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana, 
where  he  died  September  5,  1859. 

W^allace,  James  (whose  name  generally  ap 
peared  in  the  Journal  of  the  House,  against  his 
protest,  as  James  M.  Wallace),  was  born  in  Dauphin 
County,  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Wallace,  John  W.,  was  born  at  Beaver  Falls, 
Pennsylvania,  December  20,  1818;  received  a  clas 
sical  education ;  studied  medicine,  and  graduated  at 
Jefferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia,  in  1846; 
located  at  Darlington,  Pennsylvania,  but  removed  in 
1850  to  New  Castle,  and  soon  acquired  an  extensive 
practice;  served  as  a  delegate  to  several  state  and 
national  conventions;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as 
a  Republican,  receiving  7,636  votes  against  6,102  votes 
for  Holsteiu,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4, 1861,  to 


682 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


March  3,  1863,  and  was  renominated  in  1862,  but 
defeated,  the  district  having  been  changed ;  entered 
the  Union  army  in  1863  as  paymaster,  and  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1872  on  the  Grant  and  Wilson  ticket,  and  was 
asain  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  9,347  votes  against  8,538 -votes  for 
George  W.  Miller,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Wallace,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Hunting 
don  County,  Pennsylvania,  November  28,  1827;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  read  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1847,  and  has 
practised  ever  since;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Pennsylvania  1862-1871,  having  been 
elected  five  times  in  succession,  and  was  speaker  of 
the  Senate  in  1871 ;  was  a  member  of  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  of  1864,  and  senatorial  dele 
gate  and  chairman  of  the  Pennsylvania  delegation 
in  the  National  Democratic  Convention  of  1872 ;  was 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  State  Committee  of 
Pennsylvania  for  five  years;  was  in  1874  a  member 
of  the  commission  to  suggest  amendments  to  the 
Constitution  of  Pennsylvania  ;  was  elected  United- 
States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Democrat  (to 
succeed  John  Scott,  Republican),  and  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  3,  1881. 

Wallace,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Miami 
County,  Ohio,  July_17,  1811;  was  reared  in  Indiana, 
where  he  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1837 ;  Avas  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  and  its  speaker;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Taylor  receiver  of  public 
moneys  at  Fairfield,  Iowa;  removed  to  Washington 
Territory  in  1853;  was  for  several  years  a  member  of 
the  Territorial  legislature ;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  governor  of  Washington  Territory  in 
1861 ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  Washington  Ter 
ritory  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863; 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  in  1863  the  first 
governor  of  Idaho  Territory ;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  Idaho  Territory  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 1865 ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Union  Convention  at 
Philadelphia  in  1866. 

Walley,  Samuel  H.,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts,  August  31, 18,)5 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1826; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never 
practised  much;  was  treasurer  of  the  Seaman's 
(afterwards  the  Suffolk)  Savings  Bank  1833-1853, 
and  subsequently  one  of  its  vice-presidents;  was  for 
eight  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  was  speaker  of  the  House  in  1845- 
1846 ;  was  auditor  of  the  American  Board  of  Foreign 
Missions  1847-1867;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as 
a  Whig,  receiving  4,290  votes  against  1,745  votes  for 
L.  A.  Dowley,  Democrat,  1,028  votes  for  Charles  M. 
Ellis,  Free-Soiler,  and  30  scattering,  serving  from 
December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  2,760  votes  against  4,912  votes  for  L.  B. 
Comins,  Know-Nothing,  and  926  votes  for  L.  R. 
Spinney,  Democrat;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  can 
didate  for  governor  in  1855  by  Henry  J.  Gardner, 
Know-Nothing,  who  also  defeated  Rockwell,  Repub 
lican,  and  Beach,  Democrat;  was  the  treasurer  of 
several  railroads;  was  bank  commissioner,  and  in 
]s.v.»  became  president  of  the  Revere  Bank;  died  at 
the  Rockland  House,  Nantasket  Beach,  where  he 
was  spending  the  summer  months,  August  27, 
1877. 

Walling,  Ansel  T.,  was  born  in  Otsego  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  January  10,  1824;  removed  at  the  age 
of  nine  years  with  an  elder  brother  to  Erie  County, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  common-school  and  aca 
demic  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing  in 


"The  Erie  Observer"  office;  removed  to  Ohio  in 
1843;  was  editor  and  publisher  of  "The  Mahoning 
Index"  in  the  Cass  and  Butler  campaign,  and  of 
"The  Coshocton  Democrat"  1850-1854;  was  clerk 
iu  the  legislature  of  Ohio  1851-1852;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1852;  removed  to  Iowa,  and  was  editor 
and  publisher  of  "The  Keokuk  Daily  Times  "  1855- 
1858;  was  a  delegate  to"  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  from  Iowa  in  1856 ;  returned  to  Ohio  in 
1861,  and  in  1863  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at 
Circleville;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Ohio 
in  1865,  and  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1867,  serving  as  speaker  pro  tern-pore ;  and  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,580  votes 
against  9,667  votes  for  David  Taylor,  jun.,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Walls,  Josiah  T.,  was  born  at  Winchester, 
Virginia,  December  30,  1842;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  was  a  planter;  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1868;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1868;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  1869-1872;  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a 
representative  from  the  State  at  large  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  but  the  election 
was  contested  by  his  competitor,  Silas  L.  Niblack, 
who  took  the  seat  January  29,  1873 ;  was  re-elected 
for  the  State  at  large,  receiving  17,503  votes  against 
15,881  votes  for  Niblack,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,549 
votes  against  8,178  votes  for  Jesse  J.  Finley,  Demo 
crat. 

Wain,  Robert,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1765;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fifth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  John  Swamvick.  deceased)  as  a 
Federalist,  receiving  820  votes  against  320  votes  for 
Samuel  Miles,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress,  receiving  825  votes  against  351  votes  for 
Samuel  Miles,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1798,  to  March  3,  1801 ;  died  January  24,  1836. 

W^alsh,  Michael,  was  born  at  Youghal,  Ire 
land,  March  7,  1810;  immigrated  when  a  boy  to 
Baltimore  with  his  father,  who  was  a  graduate  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  who  gave  him  a  good 
education;  learned  the  trade  of  lithographic  printer; 
removed  to  New  York,  where  he  became  a  political 
wire-puller;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1839;  established  in  1840  a  politi 
cal  journal  called  "  The  Knickerbocker,"  which  was 
stopped,  after  two  years'  existence,  by  his  conviction 
and  imprisonment  for  the  publication  of  a  libel;  on 
his  release  he  established  another  political  journal, 
called  "  The  Subterranean,"  which  was  a  scurrilous 
sheet,  and  did  not  live  long;  was  president  of  a 
political  club  known  as  "The  Spartan  Association;" 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,802 
votes  against  2,564  votes  forHawes,  Whig,  and  1,712 
votes  for  Kelly,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  was  sent  by  Secretary  Marcy 
on  confidential  errands  to  England  and  Mexico  for 
the  Department  of  State ;  was  found  dead  in  the  area 
of  a  public-house  in  New  York  March  17,  1859.  A 
volume  of  his  speeches  was  published  by  "  The 
Spartan  Association"  in  1843. 

Walsh,  Thomas  Yates,  was  born  at  Balti 
more,  Maryland;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  6,683  votes  against  6,453  votes  for  W. 
Pinckney  Whyte,  Democrat,  serving  from  December 
1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
6,440  votes  against  6,792  votes  for  Henry  May, 
Democrat. 

Walsh,  William,  was  born  in  Ireland  May  11, 
1828 ;  immigrated  to  Virginia  in  1842 ;  was  educated 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


683 


at  Mount  St.  Mary's  College,  Emmcttsburg,  Mary 
land,  which  conferred  the  degree  of  LL.D^on  him 
in  1871;  studied  law  partly  at  Ballston  Spa,  New 
York;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Virginia  in  1850, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Cumberland,  Maryland, 
in  February,  1852;  was  chosen  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  I860  and  1872;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1807;  and  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mary 
land  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  12,974  votes  against  12.806  votes  for  Lloyd 
Lowndes,  jun.,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,727  votes  against 
15,7io  votes  for  Lewis  E.  McComas,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Walton,  Charles  W.,  was  born  at  Mexico, 
Maine,  December  9.  1819;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  184:),  and  commenced 
practice  at  Mexico;  was  attorney  for  Oxford  County 
1847-1851 ;  removed  to  Auburn  in  1855 ;  was  attorney 
for  Androscoggin  County  1857-1800;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,806  votes 
against  10,192  v.otes  for  Record,  Democrat,  serving 
from  July  4,  18C1,  to  May  20,  1862,  when  he  resigned, 
having  been  appointed  by  the  governor  a  judge  of 
the  State  Supreme  Court. 

Walton,  Ezekiel  B.,  was  born  at  Moritpelier, 
Vermont,  February  17, 1812;  received  a  public-school 
education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  studied  law; 
became  the  editor  of  "The  Vermont  Watchman" 
at  Montpelier,  Vermont;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  10,398  votes  against  3,242  votes 
for  Needham,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  9,615  votes  against  3,577 
votes  for  Eastman,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  10,268  votes 
against  3,389  votes  for  Wilcox,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1863;  resumed 
his  editorial  labors;  was  a  delegate  from  Vermont  to 
the  National  Republican  Convention  at  Philadelphia 
in  1804,  and  has  taken  an  active  part  in  the  politics 
of  Vermont. 

W^alton,  George,  was  born  in  Frederick  Coun 
ty,  Virginia,  in  1740;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  apprenticed  to  a  carpenter;  studied  law; 
•was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1774,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Augusta;  was  prominent  in  pre-Revolu- 
tionary  movements;  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to 
the  Continental  Congress  February,  1770-October 
1781 ;  was  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  militia  which 
aided  in  the  defence  of  Savannah  in  December,  1778, 
when  he  was  dangerously  wounded  in  the  thigh, 
taken  prisoner,  and  not  released  until  September, 
1779;  was  governor  of  Georgia  1779;  was  chief  jus 
tice  of  Georgia  in  1783;  was  a  delegate  to  the  con 
vention  for  framing  a  Federal  Constitution  in  1787, 
but  declined  taking  his  seat;  was  again  governor  in 
1789;  was  again  chief  justice  in  1793;  was  appointed 
a  United-States  senator  from  Georgia  (in  place  of 
James  Jackson,  resigned),  serving  from  December 
18,  1795,  to  April  12,  1796,  when  the  senator  elected 
by  the  legislature  took  his  seat;  died  at  Augusta, 
Georgia,  February  2,  1804. 

Walton,  Matthew,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Eighth  Congress ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October 
17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807 ;  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  18")9;  died  January  18,  1819. 

Walworth,  Reuben  Hyde,  was  born  at 
Bozrah,  Connecticut,  October  26,  1789,  but  removed 
in  1793  with  his  father's  family  to  Hoosick,  New 
York ;  was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  law  with  Hon.  John  Rus 
sell  at  Troy;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Plattsburg  in  1811 ;  was  ap 
pointed  justice  of  the  peace,  and  master  in  chancery; 


served  in  the  war  against  Great  Britain  as  brigade- 
major;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
1,200  majority,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 
March  3,  1823;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Fourth 
Circuit;  was  appointed  chancellor  of  the  State  of 
New  York  in  1828;  was  nominated  by  President 
Tyler  in  1844  to  be  a  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States,  but  the  Senate  refused  to  confirm 
the  nomination ;  left  the  bench  in  1848,  when  the 
office  of  chancellor  was  abolished,  and  resumed  prac 
tice;  died  at  Saratoga,  New  York,  November  28, 
1867. 

Ward,  Aaron,  was  born  at  Sing  Sing,  New  York, 
July  5,  1790;  received  an  academical  education; 
commenced  the  study  of  law;  was  appointed  lieuten 
ant  in  the  Twenty-ninth  United-States  Infantry  May 
20,  1813,  and  promoted  to  be  captain  May  6,  1814; 
served  on  the  frontier;  resigned  at  the  close  of  the 
war;  resumed  his  legal  studies  with  Mr.  Van  Derlen 
of  Oxford;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Sing  Sing;  was  appointed  district-attorney 
for  Westchester  County;  was  successively  commis 
sioned  as  colonel,  brigadier-general,  and  major-gen 
eral  of  militia;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Ninteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  5,949  votes 
against  4,955  votes  for  Nicholas  Cruger,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1846; 
visited  Europe  in  1853-1854;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  secretary  of  state  of  New 
York  in  1855 ;  died  at  Georgetown,  District  of  Colum 
bia,  March  2, 1867.  He  published  a  volume  of  travels 
entitled  "Around  the  Pyramids." 

Ward,  Andrew  H.,  was  born  in  Harrison 
County,  Kentucky;  wras  defeated  as  the  Conserva 
tive  candidate  for  representative  in  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  6,421  votes  against  7,066  votes 
for  Green  Clay  Smith,  Unionist ;  Mr.  Smith  resign 
ing,  he  was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  at  a  special  election, 
receiving  8,735  votes  against  1,052  votes  for  R.  B. 
Carpenter,  Unionist,  serving  from  December  3,  1866, 
to  March  3,  1867. 

W^ard,  Artemas  (father  of  Artemas  Ward),  was 
born  at  Shrewsbury,  Massachusetts,  November  27, 
1727;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  College  in  1748;  was  appointed  a  justice  of 
the  peace  in  1752;  served  in  the  Provincial  army  in 
the  war  against  Canada,  attaining  the  rank  of  lieu 
tenant-colonel  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
House  of  Representatives;  was  commissioned  briga 
dier-general  by  the  Provincial  Congress  of  Massachu 
setts  October  27,  1774;  was  commissioned  major-gen 
eral  by  the  Continental  Congress  June  17,  1775,  but 
resigned  in  April,  1776;  was  chief  justice  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  for  Worcester  County;  was  a  State 
councillor  in  1777 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1779-1781,  but  was  prevented  by  ill 
health  from  taking  his  seat;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1776-1791,  and  in 
1785  was  speaker  of  the  House ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Second  Congress 
as  a  Federalist,  and  re-elected  to  the  Third  Congress, 
serving  from  October  4,  1791,  until  March  3,  1795; 
after  suffering  from  the  gravel  many  years,  he  died 
at  Shrewsbury,  Massachusetts,  October  27,  1800. 

W^ard,  Artemas  (son  of  General  Artemas 
Ward),  was  born  at  Shrewsbury,  Massachusetts, 
January  9,  1762;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard1  College  in  1783;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Shrews 
bury  until  1809,  when  he  removed  to  Boston ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 


684 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Peace  candidate,  receiving 
in  Boston  1,527  votes  against  20  scattering  votes; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  "Fourteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  May  24,  1813,  until  March  3,  1817;  was 
chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1820- 
1839;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Mas 
sachusetts;  and  died  at  Boston  October  7,  1847. 

Ward,  Elijah,  was  born  at  Sing  Sing,  New 
York,  September  15,  1818;  received  an  academic 
education,  and  subsequently  completed  his  studies 
under  private  instructors;  studied  law  with  Hon.  W. 
W.  Campbell ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and 
commenced  practice ;  was  judge-advocate-general  of 
the  State  from  1853  until  1855;  was  a  member  of  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Cincinnati  in 
185(5;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
6,531  votes  against  4,4(51  votes  for  G.  Briggs,  Native 
American,  and  4,100  votes  for  James  W.  Nye,  Re- 
publican,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
3,  1859;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  6,591  votes 
against  8,306  votes  for  G.  Briggs  (the  Republican 
candidate,  Augustus  F.  Dow,  having  withdrawn) ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiv 
ing  10,814  votes  against  8,417  votes  for  A.  F.  Dow, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  receiving  6,942  votes  against  4,839  votes 
for  F.  A.  Conkling,  Republican,  and  996  votes  for 
O.  Blunt,  Independent,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  18(55;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  can 
didate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  6,929 
votes  against  7,315  votes  for  H.  J.  Raymond,  Union 
Republican,  1,647  votes  for  E.  P.  Morton,  Mozart 
Democrat,  and  1,347  votes  for  Rush  C.  Hawkins,  In 
dependent  Unionist;  visited  Europe  iu  May-October, 
1865,  and  again  in  August,  1866-September,  1868; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  10,113  votes  against  9,232  votes 
for  John  D.  Lawson,  Republican  (the  district  giving 
at  the  same  time  a  majority  of  280  votes  for  General 
John  A.  Dix,  the  Republican  candidate  for  gov 
ernor),  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,408  votes 
against  13,221  votes  for  A.  G.  McCook,  Democrat. 
He  published  two  reports  on  "  The  Commercial  Re 
lations  between  the  United  States  and  the  British 
Provinces."  A  biographical  sketch  of  him  was  pub 
lished  by  Robert  Iladtield. 

Ward,  Hamilton,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  New 
York,  July  3,  1829;  received  a  liberal  education; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  at  Belmont; 
was  district-attorney  for  Alleghany  County  several 
years;  was  engaged  in  1862,  under  an  appointment 
from  the  governor,  in  raising  troops  for  the  Union 
army ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  16,945  votes  against  11,176  votes  for  McNett, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,750  votes  against  11,435 
votes  for  Collins,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  18,647  votes 
against  13,180  votes  for  Gardiner,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Ward,  Jasper  D.,  resided  at  Chicago;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,183 
votes  against  8,873  votes  for  C.  H.  Harrison,  Demo 
crat  and  Liberal,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  can 
didate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  9,181 
votes  against  9,189  votes  for  Carter  H.  Harrison, 
Democrat. 

Ward,  Jonathan,  was  born  in  Westchester 
County,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1M7. 

Ward,  Marcus  L.,  was  born  at  Newark,  New 


Jersey,  November  9,  1812;  received  a  private-school 
education;  was  for  many  years  engaged  in  manufac 
turing  pursuits;  was  a  Whig  in  politics  until  the 
breaking-up  of  that  party,  when  he  assisted  in  the 
formation  of  the  Republican  party;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Republican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1860, 
and  also  to  the  Baltimore  Convention  in  18(54;  was 
an  elector  at  large  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson  tick 
et  ;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  nominee  for  gov 
ernor  of  New  Jersey  in  1862 ;  wras  again  nominated 
in  1865  for  that  office,  and  elected  for  the  term  of 
three  years;  was  a  member  of  the  National  Repub 
lican  Committee,  and  succeeded  Hon.  Henry  J.  Ray 
mond  as  its  chairman;  and  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  16,061  votes  against  10,403 
votes  for  J.  M.  Randall,  Liberal  Republican,  serving 
from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3, 1875;  was  offered 
the  place  of  commissioner  of  Indian  affairs  Decem 
ber,  1875,  but  declined  it. 

"Ward,  Matthias,  was  born  in  Elbert  County, 
Georgia;  was  reared  in  Madison  County,  Alabama; 
received  a  classical  education;  taught  school  for  two 
years;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  re 
moved  to  the  republic  of  Texas ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Texan  Congress,  and,  after  the  incorporation  of 
Texas  into  the  Union,  of  the  State  Senate;  was  a 
delegate  from  Texas  to  the  two  National  Democratic 
Conventions  which  nominated  Pierce  and  Buchanan 
for  the  presidency;  was  appointed  a  United-States 
senator  from  Texas  (iu  place  of  J.  Pinckney  Hender 
son,  deceased)  as  a  State-rights  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  6, 1858,  to  January  4,  1860,  when  the 
senator  elected  by  the  legislature  took  his  seat;  died 
at  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  October  13,  1861. 

W^ard,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  May  27,  17^5;  was  reared  as  a  farmer,  and 
settled  at  Westerly,  Rhode  Island;  was  a  member  of 
the  Provincial  House  of  Representatives  1756-1759; 
was  chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island  in  1761 ;  was  gov 
ernor  of  Rhode  Island  1762  and  17(55-1767;  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  Rhode-Island  College,  afterward 
Brown  University;  was  zealous  in  the  pre-Revolu- 
tionary  movements  ;  was  a  delegate  from  Rhode 
Island  to  the  First  Continental  Congress  1774-1775; 
died  at  Philadelphia  of  small-pox  March  25,  177(5. 
His  life,  by  Professor  Gammell,  was  published  in 
Sparks' s  "American  Biography." 

W^ard,  Thomas,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1765;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
May  24, 1813,  to  March  3, 1817 ;  died  at  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  February  4,  1842. 

Ward,  William,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  January  1,  1837  ;  was  educated  .at 
Girard  College,  Philadelphia  ;  learned  the  art  of 
printing  in  the  office  of  "The  Delaware-county 
Republican"  at  Chester,  serving  there  four  years; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  August, 
1859,  and  has  since  been  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law,  conveyancing,  land-business,  and  banking;  has 
been  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Chester,  and 
city  solicitor,  but  has  never  held  any  other  public 
offices ;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  15,220  votes  against  9,717  votes 
for  William  D.  Hartman,  Democrat,  serving  from 
October  15,  1877. 

Ward,  William  T.,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Greensburg;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Wardell,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Bristol,  Rhode 
Island,  May  28,  1791;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1811;  removed  to 
Rome,  New  York;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1815,  and  commenced  practice  at  Mannsville, 
New  York;  was  appointed  in  1824  a  judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Jefferson  County ;  was  a 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


685 


member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1831- 
1837;  was  a  prominent  Freemason;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837;  re 
moved  in  1860  to  Rome,  New  York,  where  he  died 
March  27,  1878. 

Ware,  Nicholas,  was  born  in  Richmond  Coun 
ty,  Georgia;  received  a  classical  education;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Au 
gusta,  Georgia;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Georgia  (in  place  of  Freeman  Walker,  resigned), 
and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  December  11,  1821, 
to  September  7,  1824,  when  he  died  at  New- York 
City. 

Warfield,  Henry  R.,  was  born  in  Anne  Arun- 
del  County,  Maryland,  in  1781 ;  resided  at  Frederick 
Town;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  defeating 
George  Peter,  also  a  Federalist;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  6, 1819,  to  March  3, 1825;  in  the  memorable 
contest  in  the  House  of  Representatives  for  the  pres 
idency,  he  decided  the  vote  of  Maryland  in  favor  of 
John  Quincy  Adams,  and  secured  his  election;  was 
found  dead  in  his  bed  at  Frederick  Town,  Maryland, 
March  18,  1839. 

Warner,  Hiram,  was  born  in  Hampshire  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts,  October  29, 1802 ;  received  an  aca 
demical  education;  removed  to  Georgia  when  seven 
teen  years  of  age,  and  taught  school  there  for  three 
years;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Knoxville,  Georgia;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1828-1831 ;  was  elected  by  the  legislature  in  1833  a 
judge  of  the  State  Superior  Court,  and  was  re-elected 
in  1836,  serving  until  1840;  was  appointed  in  1845  a 
judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court,  serving  until 
1853,  when  he  resigned ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Georgia  111  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,883  votes  against  6,813  votes 
for  Hill,  American,  serving  from  December  3,  1855, 
to  March  3,  1857;  declined  a  re-election. 

Warner,  Levi,  was  born  at  Wethersfield,  Con 
necticut,  October  10,  1831 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law  at  the  Yale  Law  School,  and 
at  the  Dane  Law  School,  Cambridge,  Massachusetts; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  January,  1859,  and  has 
since  been  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Fairneld 
County,  Connecticut;  was  never  a  candidate  for  or 
held  any  office  until  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con- 

fress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
V.  II.  Barnum,  elected  senator) ;    was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth   Congress  as   a   Democrat,  receiving 
17,238  votes  against  15,469  votes  for  Robert  Hubbard, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  5,  1876. 

Warner,  Samuel  L.,  was  born  at  Wethersfield, 
Connecticut,  in  1829;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law  at  the  Harvard  and  Yale  Law 
Schools ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Middletown;  was  executive  sec 
retary  of  state  in  1853 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1857 ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  National  Democratic  Conventions  at  Charleston 
and  Baltimore  in  1860;  was  mayor  of  Norwich  1861- 
1865 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiv 
ing  11,236  votes  against  9,521  votes  for  Russell,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1867. 

Warner,  Willard,  was  born  at  Granville,  Ohio, 
September  4,  1826;  graduated  at  Marietta  College, 
Ohio,  in  1845 ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  major  of 
the  Seventy-sixth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  in  1861 ; 
was  promoted  to  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regi 
ment  in  1863;  served  on  General  W.  T.  Sherman's 
staff  as  assistant  inspector-general  during  the  Atlanta 
campaign,  and  until  October  20,  1864;  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Eightieth  Ohio  Vol 


unteer  Infantry  in  October,  1864;  was  brevetted  brig 
adier  and  major-general  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services;  was  mustered  out  in  July,  1865;  was  elect 
ed  to,  and  served  two  years  in,  the  Ohio  Senate;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Alabama  as  a 
Republican,  serving  from  July  25,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1871 :  returned  to  Ohio. 

^  Warren,  Cornelius,  was  born  in  Putnam 
County,  New  York,  in  1790;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  March  3, 
1849;  was  not  a  candidate  for  re-election;  died  at 
Cold  Spring,  New  York,  July  28,  1849. 

Warren,  Edward  A.,  was  born  in  Greene 
County,  Alabama,  May  2,  1818;  received  an  academ 
ical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mississippi;  was  a 
member  of  the  Mississippi  House  of  Representatives 
in  1845  and  1846;  removed  to  Camden,  Arkansas,  in 
1847;  was  a  member  of  the  Arkansas  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1848  and  1849,  serving  the  last  year  as 
speaker;  was  State's  attorney  for  the  Sixth  Judicial 
District  of  Arkansas  in  1850;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as 
a  Democrat,  receiving  3,748  votes  against  3,301  votes 
for  Curran,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  re 
election  ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  11,835  votes  against  8,701  votes  for 
Fowler,  American,  serving  from  December  7,  1857, 
to  March  3,  1859;  died  in  Nevada  County,  Arkansas, 
July  2,  1875. 

Warren,  Joseph  M.,  was  born  at  Troy,  New- 
York,  in  1813;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  from  Washington  (now  Trinity)  College  at 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  in  1834;  was  a  manufacturer 
and  merchant;  was  elected  mayor  of  Troy  in  1852; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
17,793  votes  against  11,659  votes  for  I.  T.  Davis,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1873. 

Warren,  Lott,  was  born  in  Burke  County, 
Georgia,  October  30,  1797;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  a  clerk  in  a  store;  served  in  the 
Seminole  war  in  1818  as  second  lieutenant  of  volun 
teers  ;  studied  law  with  D.  McNeal ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1821,  and  commenced  practice  at  Dublin, 
afterwards  removing  to  Marion ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1824;  was  ap 
pointed  solicitor-general  (to  fill  a  vacancy) ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1830;  was  again  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1831 ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Georgia 
1831-1834:  was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving 
31,765  votes  against  30,678  votes  for  Hillyer,  Demo 
crat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  receiving  39,297  votes  against  35,379  votes  for 
Campbell,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839, 
to  March  3,  1843;  was  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court 
1843-1852. 

Warren,  William  Wirt,  was  born  at  Brigh 
ton,  Massachusetts,  February  27,  1834;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1854 ;  took  a  degree  at  the  Har 
vard  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857, 
and  engaged  in  active  practice;  was  appointed  by 
President  Johnson  in  1865  as  assessor  of  internal 
revenue  in  the  Seventh  Massachusetts  Revenue  Dis 
trict;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Democratic  National 
Convention  in  1868;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Massachusetts  in  1870;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,585  votes  against 
7,861  votes  for  J.  M.  S.  Williams,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,497  votes  against  14,245 
votes  for  William  Claflin.  Republican. 
Washburn,  Cadwallader  Golden  (brother  of 


686 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


E.  B.  Washbume  and  I.  Washburn),  was  born  at  Liv- 
ermore,  Maine,  April  22,  1818;  received  an  academic 
education;  removed  to  Boston ;  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits;  removed  to  Mineral  Point,  Wisconsin; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised; 
engaged  successfully  in  land  speculations ;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  11,936 
votes  against  7,900  votes  for  Hoyt,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
20,004  votes  against  1(5*233  votes  for  Crawford, 
Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  receiving  23,917  votes  against  20,107  votes 
for  Dunn,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1853, 
to  March  3,  1861;  was  a  delegate  from  Wisconsin  in 
the  Peace  Convention  of  1861;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  colonel  of  cavalry;  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general  and  of  major-general ;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 

13.133  votes  against  6,640  votes  for  Park,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving 

21.134  votes  against  11,447  votes  for  Ellis,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871;  was 
governor  of  Wisconsin  1872-1874. 

W^ashburn,  Hsnry  D.,  was  born  in  Windsor 
County,  Vermont,  March  28,  1832;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education ;  was  apprenticed  to  a  tanner, 
but  preferred  to  teach  school,  which  he  did  for  some 
years;  studied  law,  and  graduated  at  the  New-York 
State  and  National  Law  School;  was  auditor  of 
Vermilion  County,  Indiana,  from  1854  until  1861 ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  captain,  colonel,  and 
brigadier-general  during  the  war  for  the  suppression 
of  the  Rebellion;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (having  suc 
cessfully  contested  the  election  of  Daniel  W.  Voor- 
hees)  as  a  Republican;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,871 
votes  against  14,338  votes  for  Claypool,  Democrat, 
serving'from  February  23,  1866,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Washburn,  Israel,  jun.  (brother  of  C.  C. 
Washburn  and  E.  B.  Washburne),  was  born  at  Liv- 
ennore,  Maine,  June  6,  1813;  received  a  public- 
school  education  until  he  was  fourteen  years  of  age, 
and  then  private  instruction  for  four  years ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  October,  1834.  and 
commenced  practice  in  Orono,  Maine,  in  December, 
1834;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1842;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,l!>7  votes  against  3.488  votes  for  H. 
Strickland,  Democrat,  2,493  votes  for  C.  Stetson, 
Democrat,  and  32  scattering;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  8,227  votes 
against  4,37(5  votes  for  Strickland,  Democrat.  3,444 
votes  for  Waterhouse,  Democrat,  and  68  scattering; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  10,224  votes  against  6,010  votes 
for  Samuel  H.  Blake,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,861  votes 
against  8,307  votes  for  A.  San  born.  Coalition;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  i;j.3!)0  votes  against  8,184  votes  for  Wiley,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1831,  to  Ja'nuary  1, 
]-''.!.  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  governor 
of  Maine,  serving  in  1861  and  1862,  and  declining  a 
re-election;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  col 
lector  of  customs  at  Portland,  Maine,  serving  from 
November  18(53,  to  May  1,  1867. 

Washburn,  Ruel  (uncle  of  Cadwallader  C., 
aihu  1).,  and  Israel  Washburn),  was  born  at  Rayn- 
ham,  Massachusetts,  May  21,  1793;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in 
1814;  removed  to  Livermore,  Maine;  studied  law 
with  Albion  K.  Parris  at  Paris,  Maine;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Livermore;  was  register  of  probate  for  Oxford  Coun- 
1-1823;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in 
827  and  1828 ;  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as 


a  Whig  by  five  majority,  but  the  House  of  Represen 
tatives  gave  the  seat  to  his  competitor,  James  W. 
Ripley,  a  Democrat;  was  grand  master  of  Masons 
in  Maine;  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council 
in  1829;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1832-1835  and  1341 ;  was  judge  of  pro 
bate  for  Androscoggin  County  1856-1859;  died  at 
Livermore,  Maine,  March  4,  1:>7S. 

Washburn,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Win- 
chendon,  Massachusetts,  January  31,  1820;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in 
1844;  was  a  manufacturer  of  pails  and  tubs  at  Er- 
ving;  removed  in  1857  to  Greenfield,  where  he  was 
interested  in  banking;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1854;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  14,311  votes  against 
no  opposition;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  15,721  votes  against  3,575  votes 
for  Wood,  Democnat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  11,895  votes  against  1,608  votes 
for  Hey  wood,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  tha  Forty- 
first  Congress,  receiving  16,985  votes  against  1,814 
votes  for  Hey  wood,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  8,419  votes  against 
7,077  votes  for  Noble,  Democrat,  and  368  votes  for 
Bosworth,  Prohibitionist;  resigned  January  1,  1872, 
to  be  inaugurated  as  governor  of  Massachusetts,  to 
which  office  he  had  been  elected;  was  re-elected 
governor  in  1872  and  1873,  and  resigned  on  his  elec 
tion  to  the  United-States  Senate  as  a  Republican  (to 
fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Charles 
Sunnier),  serving  from  May  1,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Washburne,  Elihu  Benjamin  (brother  of 
C.  C.  Washburn  and  I.  Washburn,  jun.),  was  born 
at  Livermore,  Maine,  September  23,  1816 ;  received  a 
public-school  education;  was  an  apprentice-boy  in 
the  printing-office  of  "  The  Kennebec  Journal,"  con 
ducted  by  Luther  Severance;  but,  his  health  failing, 
he  studied  law  with  John  Otis  at  Hallowell,  and  af 
terwards  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Galena,  Illi 
nois;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  7,392 
votes  against  7,106  votfes  for  Cameron,  Democrat, 
and  2.257  votes  for  a  Free-soil  candidate;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,372 
votes  against  2,776  votes  for  Jackson,  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
18,070  votes  against  6,227  votes  for  Molony,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  15,811  votes  against  6,457  votes  for  Bright, 
Douglas  Democrat,  and  370  votes  for  Jackson,  anti- 
Lecompton  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  21,438  votes  against  8,927 
votes  for  Beard,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,496  votes  against 
6,785  votes  for  Stiles,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  15,711  votes 
against  7,421  votes  for  Stiles,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  14,657 
votes  against  5,897  votes  for  Turner,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1853,  to  March  6,  1869;  was  appointed 
by  President  Grant  minister  to  France,  serving  from 
March  17,  1869,  to  March,  1877 ;  returned  to  Galena, 
Illinois. 

Washington,  George,  was  born  at  Bridge's 
Creek,  Westmoreland  County,  Virginia,  February  22, 
1732;  was  educated  by  a  tutor;  became  a  land-sur 
veyor;  entered  the  military  service  of  Virginia  in 
1751,  and  remained  in  the  field  until  the  close  of  the 
Frencli  war;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of 
Burgesses  1760-1775;  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1785 ;  was  chosen 
commander-in-chief,  and  took  command  of  the  army 
July  3,  1775;  he  forced  the  British  to  evacuate  Bos 
ton*  March  17,  1776;  lost  the  battle  of  Long  Island 
August  27 ;  won  the  battle  of  White  Plains  October 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


687 


28;  won  the  battle  of  Trenton  December  26;  won  the 
battle  of  Princeton  Januarys,  1777;  lost  the  battle 
of  Brandy  wine  September  11 ;  lost  the  battle  of  Ger- 
mantown  October  4;  fought  the  drawn  battle  of 
Monmouth  June  28,  1778;  won  the  battle  of  York- 
town  October  19,  1780;  resigned  his  commission 
December  23, 1783;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Convention 
that  framed  the  Federal  Constitution,  and  its  presi 
dent;  was  elected  by  the  people  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  re-elected,  serving  from  April  30, 
1789,  to  March  3,  1797.  He  published  his  "Farewell 
Address."  His  "Life  and  Correspondence"  was 
published  by  Sparks,  Ramsey,  Marshall,  Bancroft, 
Irving,  Everett,  and  TJpham. 

Washington,  George  C.  (grand-nephew  of 
George  Wasnington),  was  born  in  Westmoreland 
County,  Virginia,  August  20,  1789;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Cambridge;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  devoted  him 
self  to  agricultural  pursuits ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as 
a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
3,  1827,  to  March  2,  1833;  withdrew  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-third  Congress  in  favor  of 
W.  Cost  Johnson;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to 
March  3,  1837 ;  was  president  of  the  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  Canal  Company;  died  at  Georgetown,  District 
of  Columbia,  July  17,  1854. 

Washington,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Wayne 
County,  North  Carolina,  February  7,  1813;  studied 
lav/  with  Judge  Gastoii;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
August,  1835,  and  commenced  practice  at  New  Berne, 
North  Carolina;  was  elected  county  and  district  so 
licitor;  was  re-elected  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
defeating  J.  O.  Watson,  Democrat,  serving  from  May 
1,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  declined  a  re-election  to 
Congress ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1843  and  184(5,  and  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1848,  1850,  and  1852;  died  at  New  Berne,  North 
Carolina,  August  12,  18GO. 

Watkins,  Albert  G.,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Tennessee,  May  5,  1818;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Holston  College,  Tennessee ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Panther  Springs,  Tennessee ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in 
1845;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and 
Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  8,025  votes  against  4,9o8  votes  for 
Cocke,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  receiving  9,592  votes  against  2,125  votes 
f;;r  Hurley,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Inde 
pendent  Whig  candidate  for  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  3,988  votes  against  5,387  votes  for 
N.  G.  Taylor,  Whig,  and  5,530  votes  for  B.  Camp 
bell,  Democrat  (Campbell  died  before  taking  his 
seat,  and  Taylor  was  elected) ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,781  votes  against  7,511  votes  for  Taylor,  American: 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
7,647  votes  against  7,471  votes  for  Taylor,  American, 
serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1859. 

W^atmough,  John  G.,  was  born  on  the  banks 
of  the  Brandy  wine,  Delaware,  December  6,  1793;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  studying  at  Princeton 
College  and  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  lieutenant  of  artillery 
in  the  United-States  army,  and  as  an  aide-de-camp 
to  General  Gaines;  was  severely  wounded  at  the 
defence  of  Fort  Erie  in  1814;  resigned  October  1, 
1816;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  receiving 
1,060  majority  over  Daniel  H.  Miller;  was  re-elected 
ta  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  high  sheriff  of 


i  Philadelphia  in  1835-1830;  was  surveyor  of  the  port 

!  of  Philadelphia  1841-1845;  died  at  Philadelphia  No- 

!  vember  29,  1861. 

Watson,  Cooper  K.,was  born  in  Ohio;  re 
sided  at  Tiffin;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Ohio  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  8,399  votes  against  5,618  votes  for  Plants, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1857. 

Watson,  James,  was  born  in  the  city  of  New 
York;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1791,  1794,  1795,  and  1796;  was  a  mem 
ber  cf  the  State  Senate  in  1798;  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  New  York  (in  place  of  John 
Sloss  Hobart,  resigned)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 

j  December  11,  1798,  to  March  19,  1801,  when  ne  re 
signed  to  accept  the  position  of  United-States  navy 
agent  at  New  York,  given  to  him  by  President 
Jefferson. 

Watson,  Lewis  F.,  was  born  in  Crawford 
County,  Pennsylvania,  April  14,  1819;  received  an 
academic  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits, 
and  was  an  extensive  operator  in  lumber  and  in  the 
production  of  petroleum ;  was  elected  president  of 
the  Warren  Savings  Bank  at  its  organization  in  1870; 
was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  15,640  votes  against  12.093  votes  for 
William  L.  Scott,  Democrat,  327  votes  for  Samuel 
Axtell,  Prohibition,  and  249  votes  for  C.  C.  Camp, 
Greenback,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Watterson,  Haryey  M.  (father  of  Henry 
Watterson),  was  born  in  Bedford  County,  Tennes 
see,  November  23,  1811;  was  educated  at  Columbia 
College,  Princeton,  Kentucky;  established  in  1831, 
and  edited  for  several  years,  a  newspaper  at  the 
county-seat  of  Bedford  County;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1835;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
4,635  votes  against  3,217  votes  for  Daniel  M.  Bar- 
ringer,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  defeating  Terry  H.  Cahal,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Tyler  a  special  diplomatic 
agent  to  Buenos  Ayrcs,  serving  from  September  26, 
1843,  to  November *15,  1844;  returning  home  in  1845, 
he  was  elected  a  member  cf  the  State  Senate  of 
Tennessee,  and  was  chosen  its  president;  in  1850- 
1851  was  the  proprietor  and  editor  of  "  The  Nash 
ville  Union;"  was  a  delegate  from  Tennessee  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Baltimore  in 
1860,  and  voted  for  the  nomination  of  Stephen  A. 
Douglas;  was  one  of  the  Douglas  electors  at  large  in 
Tennessee;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention 
of  1861 ;  removed  to  Washington  after  the  war,  and 
practised  law  there. 

Watterson,  Henry,  was  born  at  Washington 
City  February  16,  1840  (his  father,  Hon.  Harvey  M. 
Watterson,  being  at  the  time  a  Democratic  represen 
tative  in  Congress  from  Tennessee) ;  owing  to  serious 
defect  cf  sight,  the  son  was  educated  chiefly  by 
private  tutors;  he  began  at  an  early  age  to  develop 
literary  tastes,  which  led  him  to  adopt  the  profession 
cf  journalism;  his  first  newspaper  employment  was 
on  "  The  Washington  States,"  a  Democratic  paper, 
and  he  subsequently  edited  "The  Democratic  Re 
view;  "  he  returned  to  Tennessee  in  1861,  and  edited 
"The  Republican  Banner"  at  Nashville;  entered 
the  Confederate  service  soon  after  the  commencement 
of  hostilities;  edited  "The  Chattanooga  Rebel;" 
served  as  a  casual  volunteer  aide ;  returned  to  Nash 
ville  at  the  close  of  the  war,  and  revived  "  The  Re 
publican  Banner;"  removed  to  Louisville  in  1867; 
purchased  the  interest  of  George  D.  Prentice  in 
"The  Louisville  Journal,"  and  became  editor  of 
that  paper;  united  with  W.  N.  Haldeman  in  1868  in 
consolidating  the  "Courier"  and  "Journal,"  and 
purchasing  the  "Democrat,"  constituting  "The 
Courier-Journal,"  of  which  he  was  the  editor;  was 
temporary  chairman  of  the  National  Democratic 


688 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Convention  of  1870;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occa 
sioned  by  the  death  of  Edward  Young  Parsons), 
receiving  11,5(57  votes  against  677  votes  for  W.  J. 
Heady,  Independent  Democrat,  serving  from  August 
12,  187(5,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Watts,  John,  was  bora  in  New- York  City  in 
174'J;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1791-1793;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Third  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795. 

Watts,  John  S.,  was  bom  in  Boone  County, 
Kentucky,  January  19,  1S1G;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Indiana; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  and  twice  elected  a 
prosecuting-attoruey;  was  appointed  by  President 
Fillmore  in  1851  an  associate  justice  of  the  United- 
States  Court  in  New  Mexico ;  resigned  in  1866,  and 
practised  his  profession;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
New-MexicoTerritory  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  took  an 
active  part  in  recruiting  for  the  Union  army  during 
the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion;  was 
appointed  by  President  Johnson  in  1868  chief  justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  in  New  Mexico. 

W^ayne,  Anthony,  was  born  at  East  Town, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1746;  was  a  farmer  and  land- 
surveyor;  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of 
Representatives  in  1773;  was  actively  engaged  in  pre- 
Revolutionary  measures;  entered  the  Continental 
service  as  colonel  in  1775,  and  served  brilliantly 
throughout  the  Revolutionary  war,  distinguishing 
himself  at  Three  Rivers,  Brandywine,  Germantown, 
Monmouth,  Stony  Point,  and  Yorktown ;  after  peace 
was  declared,  he  settled  in  Georgia  upon  a  tract  of 
land  donated  to  him  by  that  State  as  a  recompense 
for  his  military  services;  was  a  delegate  to  the  con 
vention  for  framing  the  State  Constitution  in  1787; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the 
Second  Congress,  serving  from  October  24, 1791,  to 
March  21,  1792,  when  his  seat  was  contested  by 
James  Jackson,  and  declared  vacant  by  the  House; 
a  new  election  was  held,  but  he  refused  to  be  a  can 
didate,  and  John  Milledge  was  elected;  entered  the 
military  service  of  the  United  States  again  as  major- 
general  and  general-in-chief  of  the  army  after  the 
reverses  of  General  St.  Clair;  gained  a  decisive 
victory  at  the  battle  of  the  Miami,  and  concluded  a 
treaty,  August  3,  1795,  with  the  hostile  tribes  north 
west  of  the  Ohio ;  died  at  Presque  Isle  December  15, 
1796;  his  remains  were  removed  to  his  native  county 
of  Chester,  Pennsylvania,  in  1809.  His  "Life"  was 
published  by  N.  H.  Moore  and  by  John  Armstrong. 
H.  C.  Dawson  published  "The  Assault  on  Stony 
Point;"  and  his  "Orderly-Book"  at  Ticoiideroga 
was  published  by  Munsell  at  Albany  in  1859. 

W^ayne,  Isaac,  was  born  in  Warren  County, 
Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825. 

Wayne,  James  Moore,  was  born  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  in  1790;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1808;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Savannah;  was  for  two  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was 
mayor  of  Savannah  in  1823;  was  a  judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  1824-1829;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Georgia  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as 
a  Jackson  Democrat  on  a  general  ticket;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  receiving 
32,947  votes  against  20,648  votes  for  Owen,  anti- 
Jackson,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to  January 
13, 1835,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  by 
President  Jackson  an  associate  justice  of  the  United- 
btates  Supreme  Court ;  devoted  himself  especially  to 


admiralty  jurisprudence,  and  his  opinions  on  points 
connected  with  that  subject  are  cited  as  high  author 
ity ;  died  at  Washington  City  July  5,  1867. 

W^eakley,  Robert,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Eleventh  Congress,  serving 
from  May  22, 1809,  to  March  3, 1811. 

Webster,  Daniel,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  New 
Hampshire,  January  18,  1782;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1801 ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1805 ;  com 
menced  practice  at  Salisbury,  New  Hampshire,  and 
Portsmouth,  in  1807;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as 
a  Peace  advocate,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Four 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March 
3, 1817 ;  removed  to  Boston  in  1816 ;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1820;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1821 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  in  seven  wards  of  Boston  1,986  votes  against 
one  vote  for  Putnam,  serving  from  December  1, 1823,  to 
March  3,  1827;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Massachusetts,  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from 
December  3,  1827,  to  Februaiy  2i!,  1841,  when  he  re 
signed  ;  was  appointed  secretary  of  state  by  Presidents 
Harrison  and  Tyler,  serving  from  March  5,  1841,  to 
May  9,  1843;  was  again  elected  a  senator,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  July  22,  1850,  when  he  re 
signed,  having  been  appointed  secretary  of  state  by 
President  Fillmore,  and  serving  until  his  death  at 
Marshlield,  Massachusetts,  October  24,  1852.  He 
published  his  collected  works  in  six  volumes  in  1851. 
Biographical  sketches  and  memoirs  of  him  were 
published  by  Samuel  L.  Knapp,  Charles  W.  March, 
Charles  Lanman,  George  T.  Curtis,  Peter  Harvey, 
and  others. 

Webster,  Edwin  H.,  was  born  in  Hartford 
County,  Maryland,  March  31,  1829;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  which  was  finished  at  Dickinson 
College;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1855- 
1859 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Fillmore  and 
Donelson  ticket  in  1836;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  9,098  votes  against  8,443  votes 
for  McIIenry,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  7,251  votes  against 
126  votes  scattering;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  7.736  votes  against 
no  opposition,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1865;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  9,541  votes  against  4,102  votes 
for  Kimmell,  Democrat,  but  resigned  before  taking 
his  seat,  having  been  appointed  by  President  John 
son  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Baltimore  in 
July,  18G5. 

Webster,  Taylor,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
removed  to  Ohio,  and  resided  at  Hamilton;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  receiving 
1,000  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
arid  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1839. 

W^eeks,  John  "W.,  was  born  in  Greenland, 
New  Hampshire,  in  1799;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  apprenticed  to  the  house-carpenter's 
trade,  and  worked  at  it  until  the  war  of  1812,  when 
he  recruited  a  company  for  the  Eleventh  United- 
States  Infantry,  of  which  he  was  captain;  dis 
tinguishing  himself  at  the  battle  of  Chippewa,  he 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  major;  he  was  one 
of  the  commission  appointed  to  establish  the  line 
between  Maine  and  New  Hampshire ;  was  treasurer 
of  Coos  County  1818-1822,  and  high  sheriff  of  the 
same  1819-1824;  was  State  senator  in  1827  and  1828; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire 
in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  7, 
1829,  until  March  2,1833;  died  at  Lancaster,  New 
Hampshire,  iu  1853. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


689 


"Weeks,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Massachusetts ; 
removed  to  New  Hampshire ;  resided  at  Richmond ; 
was  judge  of  the  Cheshire-county  Court  1827-1829; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  7, 1835,  to  March  3,  1839. 

W^eems,  John  C.,  was  born  in  Calvert  County, 
Maryland;  resided  at  Waterloo;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress 
(in  place  of  Dr.  Joseph  Kent,  resigned) ;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  serving  from  February 
7,  1820.  to  March  3.  1829. 

Weightman,  Richard  Hanson,  was  born  in 
Maryland;  received  a  military  education  at  West 
Point  1835-1837,  but  was  expelled  for  cutting  the 
face  of  a  cadet-comrade  in  a  personal  encounter; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  captain  in  the  Missouri 
Light-Artillery  Volunteers,  distinguishing  himself  at 
the  battle  of  Sacramento;  was  an  additional  pay 
master  in  the  army  May  10,  1848-August  1,  1849;  re 
moved  to  New  Mexico,  and  was  chosen  provisionally 
a  senator  when  that  Territory  unsuccessfully  applied 
for  admission  as  a  State  in  1850;  killed  a  Santa-Fe 
trader  named  Xaubry  with  the  same  knife  with 
which  he  wounded  the  cadet;  was  elected  a  delegate 
from  New-Mexico  Territory  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  was  colonel  of  a  regiment  of 
the  Missouri  State  Guard  in  1801. 

Welch,  Adonija  S.,  was  born  at  East  Hamp 
ton,  Connecticut,  in  1821 ;  removed  to  Michigan  in 
1839;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
the  University  of  Michigan  in  1846;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  preferred  teaching ;  vis 
ited  California  in  1849;  on  his  return,  was  principal 
of  the  Normal  School  of  Michigan  for  four  years ;  re 
moved  to  Florida  in  1865,  and  settled  at  Jacksonville ; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Florida  as 
a  Republican  from  July  2,  1868,  to  March  3,  18G9. 

Welch,  Frank,  was  born  in  Massachusetts; 
removed  to  Nebraska;  was  grand  master  of  Free 
masons;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Nevada 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
30,900  votes  against  18,206  votes  for  Joseph  Holman, 
Democrat,  and  3,580  for  Marvin  Warren,  Green- 
backer,  serving  from  October  15,  1877,  to  his  death 
at  Norfolk,  Nebraska,  September  4,  1878. 

W^elch,  John,  was  born  in  Jefferson  County, 
Ohio,  October  28, 1805;  received  a  classical  education, 
which  was  finished  at  Franklin  College;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Athens,  Ohio ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1846  and  1847;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,261  votes  against  4,037  votes  for  Daniels, 
Democrat,  and  285  votes  for  Simpson,  Free-Soiler, 
serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Welch,  William  W.,  was  born  at  Norfolk, 
Connecticut,  December  10,  1818;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  studied  medicine;  graduated  from 
the  medical  department  of  Yale  College  in  1838,  and 
became  a  practising  physician  at  Norfolk;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and 
twice  a  member  of  the  State  Senate;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  American,  receiving  9,701  votes 
against  7,702  votes  for  Noble,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

W^elker,  Martin,  was  born  in  Knox  County, 
Ohio,  April  25,  1819;  was  self-educated;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  clerk  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  for  Holmes  County  from  1846  to  1851 ;  was  judge 
of  the  Sixth  Judicial  District  from  1852  to  1857;  re 
moved  in  1857  to  Wooster;  Avas  elected  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Ohio  in  1857,  declining  a  renomination; 
served  three  months  in  the  Union  army  as  a  staff- 
officer,  and  was  afterwards  appointed  by  the  gov 
ernor  of  Ohio  judge-advocate-general,  with  the  rank 
of  colonel ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in 


the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,844  votes  against  10,312  votes  for  George  Bliss, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  13,494  votes  against  11,787 
votes  for  Young,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  13,575  votes  against 
13,113  votes  for  Critchfield,  Democrat,  serving"  from 
December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Wellborn,  M.  J.,  was  born  in  Georgia;  resided 
at  Columbus ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  6,625  votes  against  6,588  votes  for  Calhoun, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1851. 

Weller,  John  B.,  was  born  in  Ohio;  resided 
at  Hamilton;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  receiving 
5,563  votes  against  5,308  votes  for  Campbell,  Whig, 
serving  from  December  2, 1839,  to  March  3, 1845;  was 
a  commissioner  to  Mexico  under  the  treaty  of  Guada- 
lupe  Hidalgo;  removed  to  California;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  California,  serving  from 
March  17,  1852,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  governor  of 
the  State  of  California  1858-1860;  was  minister  to 
Mexico  November  7,  1860-May  14,  1861 ;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Chi 
cago  in  1864;  died  at  New  Orleans  August  7,  1875. 

Wells,  Alfred,  was  born  at  Dagsborough,  Dela 
ware,  May  27,  1814;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Ithaca,  New  York  ;  was 
deputy-clerk,  district-attorney,  and  judge  of  Tomp- 
kins  County;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  10,131  votes  against  9,788  votes  for  Arnot, 
Democrat,  and  670  votes  for  Lawrence,  American, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861; 
died  at  Ithaca,  New  York,  in  1867. 

Wells,  Daniel,  jun.,  was  born  in  Maine;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education ;  removed  to  Wis 
consin,  and  located  at  Milwaukee  in  1836;  became 
largely  engaged  in  banking  and  lumbering  ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,342 
votes  against  5,731  votes  for  Durham,  Free-Soiler, 
and  3,870  votes  for  a  Whig ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,458  votes  against 
7,026  votes  for  Spooner,  Republican,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1853,  to  March  3,1857;  was  a  judge  of 
probate;  died  at  Milwaukee  in  1858. 

W^ells,  Erastus,  was  born  in  Jefferson  County, 
New  York,  December  2, 1823 ;  received  a  public-school 
education ;  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  being  compelled  to 
rely  on  his  own  exertions,  he  went  to  St.  Louis ;  he 
established  the  first  omnibus-line  in  that  city,  and  sub 
sequently  inaugurated  the  first  street-railroad  com 
pany;  for  fifteen  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  city 
council ;  he  was  president  of  the  Missouri  Railroad 
Company,  and  a  director  in  several  incorporated  com 
panies  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Missouri  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,734 
votes  against  9,553  votes  for  Pile,  Republican ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
7,629  votes  against  5,444  votes  for  C.  P.  Johnson, 
Brown  Republican,  and  1,934  votes  for  I.  D.  Smith, 
McClurg  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  receiving  8,268  votes  against  5,807 
votes  for  M.  A.  Bryton,  Republican;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,517 
votes  against  4,120  votes  for  D.  D.  Fisher,  Repub 
lican,  sen-ing  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Wells,  Guilford  Wiley,  was  born  in  Living 
ston  County,  New  York,  February  18,  1840;  was  ed 
ucated  at  Genesee  Wesleyan  Seminary  and  Genesce 
College,  Lima,  New  York;  graduated  in  law  at  Co 
lumbia  College,  Washington,  District  of  Columbia, 
and  practised ;  served  during  the  war  in  the  Union 
army  from  May,  1861,  to  April,  1805,  serving  as  sec- 


690 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


ond  lieutenant,  first  lieutenant,  captain,  brevet  ma 
jor,  and  lieutenant-colonel;  was  appointed  United- 
States  attorney  for  the  Northern  District  of  Missis 
sippi  in  June,' 1870;  held  that  office  for  four  years, 
and  was  re-appointed  in  June,  1874;  and  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  Administration  Republican,  receiving 
19,000  votes  against  12,000  votes  for  A.  K.  Howe,  an 
Ames  Republican,  serving  from  December  6,  1877,  to 
March  3,  1877. 

Wells,  John,  was  born  at  New  York;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  New-York  City;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,428 
votes  against  7,460  votes  for  Marvin,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3,  1853;  died 
at  the  city  of  New  York. 

Wells,  John  S.,  was  born  at  Durham,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1804;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Exeter;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  and  speaker  of  the  House;  filled  several  local 
positions;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator 
from  New  Hampshire  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Moses  Norris),  serving  from  January 
22,  1855,  to  March  3,  1855;  died  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1860. 

Wells,  T.  M.,  claimed  to  have  been  elected  a 
representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Republican ;  a  majority  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Elections  reported  that  he  was  entitled  to 
a  seat,  but  such  was  the  opposition  that  no  vote  was 
taken  on  the  resolution,  although,  on  the  last  day  of 
the  session,  he  was  voted  $2,000  for  compensation, 
mileage,  and  expenses. 

W^ells,  William  H.,  was  born  in  Delaware; 
was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Delaware 
(in  place  of  Joshua  Clayton,  deceased),  serving  from 
February  4,  1799,  to  May  6,  1804,  when  he  resigned ; 
was  again  elected  a  senator  (in  place  of  James  A. 
Bayard,  resigned),  serving  from  June  10,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1817;  died  March  11,  1829. 

Wendover,  Peter  H.,  was  born  at  New  York; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1804;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1821; 
died  at  New  York  September  20,  1834. 

Wentworth,  John  (grandson  of  John  Went- 


cago;  was  connected  with  "  The  Chicago  Democrat 
as  editor  and  proprietor  for  twenty-five  years ;  studied 
law,  graduating  from  the  Harvard  Law  School,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Education  in  1837;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Illinois  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  7,552  votes  against  5,931 
votes  for  Spring,  Whig ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1851;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving 
7,.">:;s  votes  against  6,437  votes  for  Aldrich,  Whig,  and 
2,149  votes  for  Collins,  Free-Soiler,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  was  mayor  of 
Chicago  in  1857  and  I860;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1861;  was  a  leading 
Freemason;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  18,557  votes 
Bgaimt  14,277  votes  for  McCormick,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867 ;  re 
ceived  the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  Dartmouth  College 
in  18G7,  and  subsequently  donated  $10,000  to  the 
college. 

Wentworth,  John,  jun.  (grandfather  of  John 
Wentworth),  was  born  at  Somersworth,  New  Hamp 
shire,  July  17,  1745;  received  a  classical  education, 


graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1768;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Dover,  New  Hampshire;  was  appointed  by 
his  relative,  Governor  John  Wentworth,  register  of 
probate  for  Stratford  County,  and  held  the  office 
until  his  death;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  1776-1780;  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Hampshire  to  the  Continental  Congress,  serving  1778- 
1779;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Council  1780-1784; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1784-1787 ;  died  at 
Dover,  New  Hampshire,  from  consumption,  growing 
out  of  an  attack  of  small-pox,  January  10,  1787. 

Wentworth,  Joshua,  was  born  at  Ports 
mouth,  New  Hampshire,  in  1742;  was  colonel  of  the 
First  New-Hampshire  Regiment  in  1776;  was  elected 
several  times  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  four  years  State  senator;  was  ap 
pointed  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1779,  but  did  not  attend ; 
died  at  Portsmouth  October  19,  1809. 

Wentworth,  Tappan,  was  born  at  Dover, 
New  Hampshire,  September  24,  1802 ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  studied  law  with  William  Bur- 
leigh  of  South  Berwick,  Maine;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1826,  and  practised  at  Great  Falls,  New 
Hampshire;  removed  to  Lowell  in  1833,  and  long 
held  a  prominent  position  at  the  Middlesex  bar;  was 
elected  to  the  common  council  of  Lowell  1836-1841 ; 
was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Representatives  as 
a  Whig,  and  afterwards  as  a  Republican,  in  1851,  1859, 
1863,  and  1864,  and  to  the  State  Senate  in  1848,  1849, 
1865,  and  1866 ;  was  the  Whig  candidate  for  Congress 
in  the  Lowell  District  in  1852,  receiving  5,084  votes 
against  3,317  votes  for  B.  F.  Butler,  and  enough 
others  to  prevent  the  necessary  majority ;  and  was 
elected  on  the  second  trial,  when  only  a  plurality 
was  necessary,  receiving  4,411  votes  against  4,319 
votes  for  Henry  Wilson,  Free-Soiler,  and  824  scatter 
ing;  served  in  the  House  of  Representatives  of  the 
United  States  from  March  4,  1853,  to  March  3.  1855 ; 
was  the  Whig  candidate  for  re-election  in  1854,  and 
was  defeated,  receiving  2,614  votes  against  5,232 
votes  for  C.  L.  Knapp,  Know-Nothing,  and  470  scat 
tering:  died  at  Boston  of  Bright's  disease  of  the  kid 
neys  June  12,  1875. 

West,  A.  W".,  of  Holmes  County,  Mississippi, 
presented  to  the  House  of  Representatives  on  the  4th 
of  June,  1866,  credentials  signed  by  Governor  Hum 
phreys,  declaring  that  he  had  been  elected  to  repre 
sent  the  Fourth  District  of  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress. 

W^est,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Plymouth 
County,  Massachusetts,  April  8,  1746;  received  a 
classical  education ;  was  one  year  at  Princeton  Col 
lege,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1768; 
taught  school  for  two  years;  studied  divinity  with 
his  brother  at  Needham;  began  to  preach  at  Wren- 
tham  in  January,  1771,  but  soon  abandoned  theology, 
and  commenced  the  study  of  law  at  Lancaster;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1773,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Charlestown,  New  Hampshire;  was  chosen  a 
delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed 
the  Federal  Constitution,  and  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  First  Congress,  but  he  reso 
lutely  declined  these  and  other  offices  to  which  he 
was  elected ;  died  at  his  rural  home  in  Charlestown, 
New  Hampshire,  July  27,  1817. 

West,  J.  Rodman,  was  born  at  New  Orleans 
September  19,  1822 ;  entered  the  University  of  Penn 
sylvania  in  1836,  but  withdrew  before  graduating; 
served  in  the  war  against  Mexico  with  the  rank  of 
captain ;  emigrated  to  California  in  1849,  and  engaged 
in  commercial  pursuits;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion  was  proprietor  of  "  The  San-Francisco 
Prices  Current;"  entered  the  Union  army  as  lieuten 
ant-colonel  of  the  First  California  Infantry,  and  after 
arduous  services  in  New  Mexico,  and  subsequently  in 
Arkansas  and  the  South-West,  attained  the  rank  of 
brevet  major-general ;  settled  temporarily  in  Texas, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


691 


and  then  removed  to  New  Orleans,  where,  after 
serving  as  chief  deputy  United-States  marshal,  and 
auditor  of  customs,  he  was  appointed  administrator 
of  improvements;  was  elected  a  United-States  sena 
tor  from  Louisiana  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  John 
S.  Harris,  Republican),  serving  from  March  4,  1871, 
to  March  3,  1877. 

"Westbrook,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania ; 
resided  at  Dingman's  Ferry;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,499  votes  against 
1,581  votes  for  Weber,  Whig,  serving  from  May  31, 
1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Westbrpok,  Theodoric  R.,  was  born  in  !STew 
York;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Kingston,  Ulster  County;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,092  votes  against 
7,902  votes  for  Smith,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Westcott,  James  D.,  was  born  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  May,  1802 ;  removed  with  his  father  to  New 
Jersey;  received  an  academical  education;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824,  and  commenced 
practice  in  New  Jersey;  was  a  clerk  in  the  Consular 
Bureau  of  the  Department  of  State  at  Washington ; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  secretary  of  the 
Territory  of  Florida  1830-1834;  was  United-States 
attorney  for  the  Middle  District  of  Florida  1834-1830; 
was  a  member  of  the  Territorial  House  of  Represen 
tatives  ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  for  framing 
a  State  Constitution  in  1838  and  1839;  was  elected 
one  of  the  first  United-States  senators  from  Florida 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to 
March  3,  1849;  was  an  editorial  contributor  to  "  The 
New- York  Herald." 

Westerlo,  Rensselaer  (son-in-law  of  Stephen 
Van  Rensselaer),  was  born  at  Albany,  New  York,  in 
1773;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Columbia  College  in  1795;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  but  did  not  practise  much  beyond  the 
management  of  the  affairs  of  his  father-in-law  the 
patroon;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  iii  the  Fifteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  an 
earnest  supporter  of  the  Whig  party  after  its  forma 
tion  ;  died  at  Albany,  New  York,  April  IS,  1851. 

"Wethered,  John,  was  born  in  Maryland;  re 
sided  at  Franklin;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845. 

Whaley,  Klellian  V.,  was  born  in  Onondaga 
County,  New  York,  May  0,  1821 ;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Ohio ;  received  a  public-school  education ; 
removed  in  1842  to  West  Virginia,  and  engaged  in 
lumbering;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1803; 
served  in  the  Union  army ;  was  in  command  at  the 
battle  of  Guyandotte  in  November,  1801 ;  was  cap 
tured,  but  made  his  escape ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  West  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  2,748  votes  against 
2,184  votes  for  Frost;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  little  opposition, 
serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1867; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  at  Baltimore  in  1864;  was  appointed  collector  of 
customs  at  Brazos  de  Santiago,  Texas,  in  1868. 

W^hallon,  Reuben,  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
1777;  removed  to  Split  Rock,  Essex  County,  New 
York;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
iu  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1835:  died  at  Split  Rock,  New  York,  April  15,  1:543. 

"Wharton,  Jesse,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  26,  1897,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Tennessee  (in  place  of 


George  W.  Campbell,  resigned),  serving  from  April  9, 
1814,  to  December  4,  1815,  when  the  senator  elected 
by  the  legislature  took  his  seat;  died  at  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  July  23,  1833. 

Wheaton,  Horace,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Pompey;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress1  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  6,558  votes  against  6^,024  votes 
for  Granger,  Whig,  and  255  votes  for  Joslyn,  Abo 
litionist;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  6,961  votes  against  6,495  votes  for 
Noxon,  Whig,  and  6U6  votes  for^Swcet,  Abolitionist, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847. 

"Wheaton,  Laban,  was  born  at  Marshfield,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1754;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1774;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Norton,  Massachusetts ;  he  had  also  studied  theology, 
but  never  preached ;  was  a  judge  of  the  Bristol-coun 
ty  courts ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massa 
chusetts  in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twelfth,  thirteenth,  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1817 ;  died  at  Norton,  Massachusetts,  March 
23,  1846. 

"Wheeler,  Ezra,  was  born  in  Chenango  County, 
New  York,  in  1820;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Berlin,  Wisconsin;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1852 ;  was 
county-judge  1854-1802;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Wisconsin  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  11,064  votes  against  10,004 
votes  for  Browne,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Wheeler,  Grattan  H.,  was  born  in  New  York; 
resided  at  Wheeler,  .Steuben  County;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1822,  1824, 
and  1826,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1828-1831;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Twenty-second  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1831,  to  March  2,  1833;  died  at  Wheeler,  New  York, 
in  1852. 

Wheeler,  John,  was  born  at  Darby,  Connecti 
cut,  in  1823;  received  a  public-school  education;  re 
moved  to  New-York  City  in  1853,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  became  a  hotel-keeper;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  6,354 
votes  against  5,243  votes  for  Varnum,  Whig,  and  83 
votes  for  Dodson,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  5,101  votes  against 
2,533  votes  for  Murphy,  Democrat,  and  2,256  votes 
for  Marshall,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853, 
to  March  3,  1857. 

"Wheeler,  William  A.,  was  born  at  Malone, 
New  York,  June  30, 1819;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation,  and  was  for  a  year  or  more  a  student  in  the 
University  of  Vermont  in  the  class  of  1842;  studied 
law  with  Asa  Hascall;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Malone;  was  district-attorney  of 
Franklin  County,  New  York,  for  several  years;  was 
a  member  of  the  New-York  House  of  Assembly 
in  1850  and  1851 ;  was  a  member  of  the  New-York 
Senate,  and  president  pro  tempore  of  same,  in  1858 
and  1859 ;  was  president  of  the  New- York  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1807-1868;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,571  votes  against 
7,427  votes  for  Hand,  Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,262 
votes  against  6,234  votes  for  Wallace,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving 
13,020  votes  against  5,693  votes  for  G.  Mott,  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  re 
ceiving  14,725  votes  against  6,565  votes  for  W.  P.  Cant- 
well,  Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  12,323  vctes  against  5,553  votes 
for  Sawyer,  Democrat,  serving  from  July  4,  1831,  to 
March  3,  1877;  was  elected  Vice-President  of  the 


692 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


United  States  on  the  Hayes  ticket  in  1876,  receiving 
185  electoral  votes  against  184  electoral  votes  for 
Thomas  A.  Hendricks"  serving  from  March  4,  1877. 
His  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3,  1831. 

Whipple,  Thomas,  jun.,  was  born  in  Berk 
shire  County,  Massachusetts,  in  1788;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  medicine;  was  ad 
mitted  to  practice,  and  located  at  Wentworth,  New 
Hampshire;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth 
Congresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March 
3.  1829;  died  at  Wentworth,  New  Hampshire,  Janu 
ary  23,  1835. 

Whipple,  William,  was  born  at  Kittery,  Massa 
chusetts  (afterwards  Maine),  January  14,  1730;  was 
bred  a  sailor,  and  had  command  of  a  vessel  before  he 
was  twenty-one  years  of  age,  engaging  in  the  West- 
India,  European,  and  African  trade;  he  brought 
large  numbers  of  negro  slaves  to  this  country,  but, 
when  fighting  for  his  own  independence,  emancipated 
those  belonging  to  him,  and  even  refused  to  assist 
General  Washington  in  recovering  Ona  Stains,  "  the 
waiting-woman  "  of  Mrs.  Washington,  who  had  left 
her  mistress,  and  taken  refuge  in  New  Hampshire ; 
during  the  Seven  Years'  War  he  retired  from  sea 
faring  life,  and  engaged  in  trade  at  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire,  where  he  acquired  a  competency  before 
the  breaking-out  of  the  Revolution;  Avas  elected  a 
delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1775,  taking 
his  seat  in  May;  re-elected  in  1770,  taking  his  seat 
in  February,  and  signing  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence  in  July;  and  re-elected  in  1778,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat  until  October,  as  he  had  led  his 
brigade  into  Rhode  Island  for  the  defence  of  that 
State;  he  declined  a  re-election  to  Congress,  but  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  1780-1784 ;  resigned 
his  military  commission  June  29,  1782;  was  State 
superintendent  of  finances  1782-1784 ;  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  State  Supreme  Court  in  1782,  and  occu 
pied  the  position  until  he  was  obliged  to  leave  the 
court  in  term-time ;  died  of  disease  of  the  heart  No 
vember  28,  1785. 

W^hitcomb,  James,  was  born  at  Stockbridge, 
Vermont,  December  1,  1791;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Transylvania  University;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Bloomingtori,  Indiana,  in  1824;  was  ap 
pointed  prosecuting-attorney  of  Monroe  County  in 
1826;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1839-1836; 
was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  commissioner 
of  the  General  Land  Office,  serving  from  October  31, 
1836,  to  July  3,  1841 ;  returned  to  Indiana,  and  prac 
tised  at  Terre  Haute;  was  governor  of  the  State  of 
Indiana  1843-1848;  was  elected  a  United-States  sen 
ator  from  Indiana  as  a  Democrat,  defeating  Caleb  B. 
Smith,  Whig,  serving  from  December  3,  1849,  to 
October  4,  1852,  when  he  died  at  the  city  of  New 
York. 

White,  Addison,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
sided  at  Richmond ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,846  votes  against  4,130  votes  for  Garland, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1853. 

White,  Albert  S.,  was  born  at  Blooming 
Grove,  New  York,  October  24,  1803;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Union  College  in  1822 ; 
etudied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Lafayette,  Indiana;  was  for 
five  years  clerk  of  the  Indiana  House  of  Representa 
tives;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  10,737 
vot.-s  against  3,369  votes  for  N.  Jackson,  Democrat, 
serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839; 
was  president  of  several  railroads;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Indiana,  serving  from 
December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845;  declined  a  re 
election;  was  again  elected  a  representative  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 


13,310  votes  against  11,489  votes  for  Wilson,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  was 
a  commissioner  to  adjust  claims  against  the  Sioux 
Indians;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  in 
1864  judge  of  the  United-States  Court  for  the  dis 
trict  of  Indiana;  died  at  Stockwell,  Indiana,  Septem 
ber  4,  1864. 

W^hite,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Rappahan- 
nock  County,  Virginia,  in  1738;  took  an  active  part 
in  pre-Revolutionary  movements ;  was  a  delegate  from 
Virginia  to  the  Continental  Congress  1786-1788;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  First 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Second  Congress, 
serving  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2,  1793 ;  died 
at  Woodville,  Virginia,  in  September,  1804. 

White,  Alexander,  was  born  October  16, 
1816,  in  Franklin,  Tennessee ;  removed  to  Alabama 
when  five  years  of  age;  was  educated  at  Court- 
land  and  Somerville  Academies,  and  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Tennessee  at  Nashville,  but  volunteered 
for  the  Creek  and  Seminole  war  in  1836,  and  con 
sequently  did  not  graduate;  studied  law  with  his 
father,  Hon.  John  White,  one  of  the  Circuit  and 
Supreme  Court  judges  of  Alabama,  and  practised 
upward  of  twenty-five  years;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Alabama  in  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress  as  a  Union  Whig,  receiving  5,744  votes  against 
5,371  votes  for  Samuel  F.  Rice,  State-rights  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1853;  was  a  member  of  the  Alabama  State  Conven 
tion  called  by  Governor  Parsons  in  1865  to  frame  a 
new  constitution;  was  a  member  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  Alabama  in  1872 ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
about  90,000  votes  as  a  representative  at  large,  de 
feating  Alpheus  Baker;  was  defeated  as  a  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  representative  at  large  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  90,938  votes  against 
106,023  votes  for  B.  R.  Lewis,  Democrat ;  was  ap 
pointed  in  1875  an  associate  justice  of  the  United- 
States  Court  for  the  Territory  of  Utah. 

White,  Allison,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  De 
cember  21,  1816;  received  a  public-school  education; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Lock  Haven,  Pennsylvania;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,980 
votes  against  9,450  votes  for  Irwin,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  receiving  7,349  votes  against  9,238 
votes  for  James  T.  Hale,  Union  Republican. 

White,  Bartow  W".,  was  born  in  Westchester 
County,  New  York ;  removed  to  Fishkill ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3,  1827. 

W^hite,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Maine;  re 
ceived  a  public-school  education;  was  reared  on  a 
farm,  and  engaged  through  life  in  agricultural  pur 
suits  at  Montville ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1841  and  1842;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2, 
1844,  to  March  3,  1845. 

White,  Campbell  P.,  was  born  at  New  York; 
received  a  public-school  education;  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat,  receiving  a  majority  of  377  votes  over 
Lemuel  Sawyer;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  appointed  quarter 
master-general  of  the  New-York  State  militia  Janu- 
ary_24,  1831 ;  died  at  New  York  February  12,  1859. 

yVhite,  Chilton  A.,  was  bom  at  Georgetown, 
Ohio,  February,  1826;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  served  as  a  private  in  the  Mexican  war; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Georgetown,  Ohio ;  was  pros- 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


093 


ecuting-attorney  for  Brown  County  in  1852  and  1853 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1859  and  1860; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
10,040  votes  against  8,828  votes  for  Murphy,  Repub- 
lican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  10,087  votes  against  9,323  votes  for  Briggs, 
Republican,  serving  from  July  4,  1SG1,  to  March 
3,  18G5;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  10,174  votes 
against  10,774  votes  for  R.  W.  Clark,  Republican. 

White,  David,  was  born  in  1785;  was  a  lawyer; 
practised  at  New  Castle,  Kentucky;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March 
3, 1825 ;  died  in  Franklin  County,  Kentucky,  February 
17,  1835. 

White,  Edward  Douglas,  was  born  at  Nash 
ville,  Tennessee ;  removed  with  his  father  to  Attaka- 
pas  Parish,  Louisiana;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Donaldsonville ;  was  appoint 
ed  judge  at  New  Orleans,  and  removed  there;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the  Twen 
ty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig,  defeating  Edward  Liv 
ingston,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  November  15,  1S34,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  elected  governor;  he  was  on 
the  steamer  "Lioness"  when  she  was  set  on  fire 
by  an  explosion  of  gunpowder  May  19,  1833,  and 
was  badly  burned,  besides  contracting  a  pulmonary 
disease  from  which  he  never  recovered ;  was  gov 
ernor  of  the  State  of  Louisiana  18')4-18'3S;  removed 
to  Thibodeauxville ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress  by  919  majority;  Ayas  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  receiving  3,802  votes 
against  1,757  votes  for  Leonard,  Van  Buren  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3, 
1843;  died  at  New  Orleans  April  8,  1847. 

White,  Francis,  was  bora  in  Virginia;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  May"24, 1813,  to  March 
2,  1815. 

White,  Harry,  was  born  in  Indiana  County, 
Pennsylvania,  January  12,  1834 ;  received  a  collegiate 
education,  graduating  in  1854;  studied  law  with 
Hon.  Thomas  White;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
June,  1855;  commenced  practice  at  Indiana,  Penn 
sylvania,  and  continued  until  the  commencement  of 
hostilities  in  1801 ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  major 
of  the  Sixty-seventh  Pennsylvania  Infantry;  was 
elected,  while  serving  in  the  army,  a  State  senator, 
serving  in  the  Avinter  of  1S62-18G3 ;  returned  to  his 
command,  and  at  the  battle  of  Winchester,  in  June, 
1863,  when  Lee  was  on  his  Gettysburg  campaign, 
was  captured ;  the  fall  election  of  18G3  made  a  tie  in 
the  State  Senate  without  his  vote,  and  active  efforts 
Avere  made  to  secure  his  exchange,  but  without  suc 
cess,  the  Confederate  Government  refusing,  and  sent 
him  to  solitary  confinement  at  Salisbury,  North 
Carolina;  before  he  left  Libbey  Prison,  however,  he 
sent  his  resignation  as  State  senator  clandestinely  to 
Pennsylvania,  concealed  in  a  Testament,  by  a  sur 
geon  ;  he  remained  in  prison  sixteen  months,  and 
made  his  escape,  reaching  the  Federal  lines  near 
Atlanta;  in  October,  1SG4,  he  returned  to  his  com 
mand,  and  served  until  the  end  cf  the  Avar,  having 
meanwhile  been  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of  his 
regiment,  and  brevetted  brigadier-general;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  the  fall  of  18G5  for  three 
years;  Avas  re-elected  in  18G8  for  three  years,  and  in 
1371  for  three  years,  serving  as  speaker  of  the  Senate 
at  the  close  of  the  term  of  1871;  Avas  nominated  in 
1872  as  congressman  at  large,  and  delegate  at  large 
to  the  Constitutional  Convention,  but  declined  the 
congressional  nomination,  but  was  elected  to  that 
convention;  practised  his  profession;  Avas  defeated 
as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  11,109  votes  against  11,627  votes 


for  George  A.  Jenks,  Democrat ;  was  elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,136 
votes  against  13,397  votes  for  George  A.  Jcnks,  Dem 
ocrat,  serving  from  October  15,  ISf 7. 

White,  Hugh,  Avas  born  in  New  York  in  1799; 
received  a  public-school  education;  Avas  reared  on  a 
farm;  Avas  engaged  for  many  years  iu  business  at 
Cohpes,  NCAV  York ;  Avas  the  founder  of  WhitestoAvn, 
Oneida  County,  NCAV  York ;  Avas  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  NCAV  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
as  a  Whig,  receiving  8,423  votes  against  8,124  votes 
for  Ellis,  Democrat,  and  252  votes  for  Smith ;  Avas  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  8, 133  votes  against 
4,059  votes  for  Campbell,  Democrat,  and  3,392  votes 
for  CoAATen,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1845, 
to  March  3,  1851 ;  died  near  Troy,  NeAV  York,  Octo 
ber  ('),  1870. 

White,  Hugh  Lawson,  was  born  in  Iredell 
County,  North  Carolina,  October  30,  1773;  Avent  to 
Tennessee  with  his  father,  who  settled  in  Knox 
County  in  178G;  received  a  classical  education  from 
Rev.  S.  Carrick,  Judge  Roane,  and  Dr.  Patterson  of 
Philadelphia;  studied  laAV  under  James  Hopkins  at 
Lancaster,  Pennsylvania;  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1795,  and  commenced  practice  at  Knoxville,  Tennes 
see,  in  1793;  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Tennessee  1801-1807 ;  Avas  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
of  Tennessee  in  1807  and  in  1817;  Avas  appointed 
United-State's  district-attorney  in  1808;  Avas  re-elect 
ed  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  1809-1815 ;  was  chosen 
president  of  the  State  Bank  of  Tennessee  1815;  Avas 
appointed  by  President  Monroe  on  the  commission 
to  adjust  the  claims  of  American  citizens  against 
Spain  1820-1824;  Avas  elected  United-States  senator 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of 
Andrew  Jackson  in  1825),  and  Avas  re-elected  in 
1827,  serving  from  December  12,  1825,  until  March  3, 
1833;  Avas  chosen  president  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore 
in  1832;  received  the  electoral  votes  of  Tennessee 
and  Georgia  for  President  of  the  United  States  in 
1830;  Avas  again  elected  to  the  Senate  in  1830  for  six 
years,  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1837,  but  resigned 
January  13,  1840,  rather  than  obey  the  instructions  of 
the  legislature  of  Tennessee;  died  at  Knoxville,  Ten 
nessee,  April  10,  1840. 

Wllite,  James,  Avas  born  in  North  Carolina; 
removed  to  Tennessee ;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
the  territory  south  of  the  Ohio  River  in  the  Third 
Congress,  serving  from  November  18,  1794,  to  March 
3,  1795;  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  Avhich 
framed  the  State  Constitution  of  Tennessee. 

"White,  John  (uncle  of  John  D.  White),  Avas 
born  in  1895;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law ;  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Richmond,  Kentucky;  Avas  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
as  a  Whig  Avithout  opposition;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  TAventy-seA-enth, 
and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  without  opposition, 
serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March  3,  1845; 
Avas  speaker  of  the  House  during  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress;  Avas  judge  of  the  Nineteenth  Judicial  Dis 
trict  of  Kentucky;  committed  suicide  at  Richmond, 
Kentucky,  September  22,  1845. 

W^hite,  John  D.  (nephcAv  of  John  White),  Avas 
born  at  Manchester,  Kentucky,  in  1849;  graduated 
at  Kentucky  University  from  the  College  of  Arts, 
and  then  Avent  to  the  University  of  Michigan  at  Ann 
Arbor,  AA'here  he  graduated  in  laAv;  Avas  nominated 
assistant  presidential  elector  on  the  Grant  and  Wil 
son  ticket  in  1872;  travelled  through  the  Pacific 
States  and  the  Territories,  and  Avas  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  8,744  Arotes  against 
8.145  votes  for  Cockrill,  Democrat,  sending  from  De 
cember  0,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

W^hite,  Joseph  L.,  Avas  born  at  Cherry  Valley, 
NCAV  York ;  received  a  public-school  education ;  stud 
ied  laAV  at  Utica;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 


694 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


menced  practice  at  Madison,  Indiana;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  from  .May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
184:];  declined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election,  and 
removed  to  New  York,  where  he  practised  his  pro 
fession;  he  subsequently  became  interested  in  a 
patent  for  the  manufacture  of  India  rubber;  and, 
while  ou  a  business  visit  to  Indiana,  he  was  shot  by 
a  drunken  man,  and  died  from  the  wound  in  Janu 
ary,  1861. 

"White,  Joseph  M.,  was  born  in  Franklin 
County,  Kentucky;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law;  was" admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  IVnsacola,  Florida;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Florida  Territory  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  Mr.  Gadsden;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  Twen 
ty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  from 
Decembers,  1825,  to  March  3,  1837;  was  defeated  as 
a  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  by  Charles 
Downing;  died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  October  19, 
1889. 

White,  Joseph  W.,  was  born  at  Cambridge, 
Ohio,  October  2,  1822 ;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation  ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Cambridge;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  10,087  votes  against 
9,320  votes  for  Briggs,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  was  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  receiving  11,119  votes  against  12,377  votes 
for  J.  A.  Bingham,  Republican. 

"White,  LTeonard,  was  born  at  Haverhill,  Massa 
chusetts,  1767;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Harvard  College  in  1787;  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives,  town-clerk,  and  treasurer  of  Haverhill;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twelfth  Congress,  and  served  from  November  4, 
181 1,  until  March  3,  1813;  was  appointed  cashier  of 
the  newly  incorporated  Merrimack  Bank,  and  held 
the  position  for  a  quarter  of  a  century;  died  at 
Haverhill,  Massachusetts,  of  paralysis,  October  10, 
1840. 

White,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  Clark  County,  Ohio, 
September  8,  1827;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Tip- 
pecanoe  County,  Indiana,  in  1829;  was  raised  on  a 
farm,  and,  on  arriving  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  years, 
removed  to  Crawfordsville ;  was  educated  in  common 
schools  and  at  Wabash  College;  studied  law,  and 
commenced  practice ;  was  elected  prosecuting-attor- 
ney  in  1854,  and  served  two  years ;  was  elected  State 
senator  in  1860,  and  served  four  years;  and  was 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  l(i,D90  votes  against  15,276  votes  for  George 
McWilllams,  Democrat,  and  3,349  votes  for  Leroy 
Teinpleton,  Independent,  serving  from  October  15, 
1877. 

White,  Phillips,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire; 
was  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1782  and  1783. 

White,  Phineas,  was  born  in  Hampshire  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts,  in  1770;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1797; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  at  Pomf ret,  Vermont;  was  register 
of  probate  for  Windsor  County  1800-1809;  was 
county-attorney  in  1813;  was  for  eight  years  a  mem- 
ber  of  tin-  Slate  s.-n:ite  or  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the 

iventeenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3, 
1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  at  Putney,  Vermont,  in 

1  '"*'  '  t  . 

White,  Samuel,  was  born  at  Wilmington,  Dela- 

are,  1:1  l(i;2:  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Delaware  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from  Decem- 

T  7.  isoi,  to  November  4,  1809,  when  he  died  at 
vv  Undngton. 

Whitehead,   Thomas,   was  born  at  Clifton, 


Nelson  County,  Virginia,  December  27,  1825;  at 
tended  a  grammar-school  until  he  was  thirteen  years 
of  age,  and  then  went  into  mercantile  business; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  March,  1849, 
and  practised  at  Amherst;  was  also  a  fanner,  and 
the  editor  of  an  agricultural  newspaper;  was  ap 
pointed  master-commissioner  in  chancery,  and  acted 
until  1856;  was  elected  attorney  for  the  Common 
wealth  for  Amherst  County  in  1866,  removed  by  or 
der  of  the  military  governor  in  1868,  re-elected  in  1869, 
and  resigned  in  November,  1873;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  of  Virginia  in  March,  1865,  but  never 
qualified ;  was  commissioned  first  lieutenant  of  cav 
alry  by  Governor  Letcher  in  May,  1861,  elected 
captain  of  cavalry  in  1862,  and  promoted  to  major  of 
the  Second  Virginia  Cavalry  in  1865 ;  was  nominated 
by  u  convention  of  the  Conservative  party  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  11,401  votes 
against  10,779  votes  for  J.  F.  Johnson,  Independent 
Conservative,  indorsed  by  Republicans,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Whitehill,  James,  was  born  in  Lancaster 
County,  Pennsylvania;  was  judge  of  the  Lancaster- 
county  Court;  was  a  brigadier-general  of  militia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in' 
the  Thirteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813, 
to  September  1,  1814,  when  he  resigned;  died  at 
Strasburg,  Pennsylvania,  March  5,  1822. 

Whitehill,  John,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in 
1721;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Eighth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Ninth  Congress,  serving  from  October  17,  1803,  to 
March  3,  1807;  died  in  1815. 

Whitehill,  Robert,  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Ninth  Congress ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Con 
gresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1813;  died  soon  after  the  expiration  of  his  congres 
sional  term. 

Whitehouse,  John  O.,  was  born  at  Roches 
ter,  New  Hampshire,  July  19,  1817 ;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  left  his  New-England  farm-, 
home  in  1835 ;  went  to  the  State  of  New  York,  and 
resided  at  Brooklyn  and  Poughkeepsie ;  is  a  merchant 
and  manufacturer;  never  held  a  public  office  until 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Liberal,  receiving  14,860  votes 
against  13,932  votes  for  J.  H.  Ketcham,  Republican; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Lib 
eral  Democrat,  receiving  16,181  votes  against  11,340 
votes  for  Charles  A.  Beal,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Whiteley,  Richard  Henry,  was  born  in  Ire 
land  December  22, 1830,  and  immigrated  to  Georgia  in 
1836;  was  self-educated,  and  was  engaged  in  the  man 
ufacturing  business  in  Georgia  from  early  boyhood ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860;  was 
opposed  to  the  secession  of  the  State  of  Georgia  from 
the  Union  in  1861 ;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in 
1861,  and  surrendered  in  1865 ;  was  elected  as  a  Re 
publican  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Georgia  in  1867;  was  the  Republican  candidate  for 
Congress  in  the  Second  District  of  Georgia  in  1868 ; 
was  appointed  solicitor-general  of  the  South-western 
Circuit  in  the  fall  of  1868 ;  was  elected  in  February, 
1870,  by  the  General  Assembly,  United-States  sena 
tor,  but  was  not  admitted  to  a  seat;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Forty-first  Con- 
jress  as  a  Republican,  and  took  his  seat  after  it  had 
been  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Nelson  Tift,  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
receiving  13,441  votes  against  12,987  votes  for  N. 
Tift,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  receiving  9,616  votes  against  9,530  votes 
for  G.  J.  Wright,  Democrat,  serving  from  February 
9, 1871,  to  March  3, 1875;  was  defeated  as  the  Repub 
lican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  9,789, votes  against  12,108  votes  for  W.  E.  Smith, 
Democrat;  was  again  defeated  as  the  Republican 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


695 


candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving 
8,015  votes  against  13,627  votes  for  W.  E.  Smith, 
Democrat. 

Whiteley,  William  G.,  was  born  at  Newark, 
Delaware ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Princeton  College  in  1838;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  New 
Castle;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Delaware 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
8,111  votes  against  0,300  votes  for  Cullen,  American; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  7,868  votes  against  7,452  votes  for  Morris, 
American,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March 
3,  1861. 

W^hiteside,  Jenkins,  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  from  Tennessee  (in  place  of  Daniel 
Smith,  resigned),  serving  from  May  26,  1809,  to  Sep 
tember  1,  1811,  when  he  resigned. 

W^hiteside,  John,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819. 

W^itfield,  J.  W\,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
removed  to  Kansas,  and  located  at  Tecumseh ;  was 
elected  a  delegate  from  Kansas  Territory  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  2,258 
votes  against  509  votes  for  all  others ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  defeating  Andrew  H. 
Keeder,  serving  from  December  20,  1854,  to  March  3, 
1857. 

Whiting,  Richard  H.,  was  born  at  West  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut,  January  17,  1826;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education ;  entered  the  Union  army  as 
paymaster  of  volunteers  in  1862,  and  resigned  in 
1866;  was  appointed  assessor  of  internal  revenue 
for  the  Fifth  District  of  Illinois  in  February,  1870, 
and  served  until  the  office  of  assessor  was  abolished, 
May  20,  1873;  was  appointed  collector  of  internal 
revenue  from  May  20,  1873,  for  that  district,  and 
served  until  March  4,  1875;  and  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,755  votes  against 
9,495  votes  for  Leonard  F.  Ross,  Democrat  and  Liber 
al,  serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Whiting,  William,  was  born  at  Concord,  Mas 
sachusetts,  March  3, 1813;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in  1833;  studied 
law  with  Harrison  Loring  and  at  the  Cambridge 
Law  School;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Boston,  paying  especial  attention 
to  patent  cases;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln, 
in  the  fall  of  1862,  solicitor  of  the  War  Department, 
and  filled  the  position  until  he  resigned  in  April, 
1S65;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
but  died  before  taking  his  seat,  at  Boston  Highlands, 
of  an  affection  of  the  heart,  June  29,  1873.  He  pub 
lished  a  large  number  of  editions  of  "  The  War 
Powers  of  the  Government,"  and  several  pamphlets 
on  historical  and  legal  subjects. 

Whitman,  Ezekiel,  was  born  at  East  Bridge- 
water,  Massachusetts,  March  11,  1776;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Brown  University 
in  1795;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Portland  (then  in  Massachu 
setts,  afterwards  in  Maine);  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  the  Maine  District  of  Massachusetts  in 
the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving  from 
May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Executive  Council  in  1815  and  1816;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  Convention  that  framed  the  State  Constitution 
of  Maine;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December!,  1817,  to  March  3,  1821;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  defeating  General  Irish,  serving 
from  December  3,  1821,  to  June  1,  1822,  when  he  re 
signed  ;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  5,023  votes  against 
5,709  votes  for  Albert  Smith,  Democrat;  was  a  judge 


of  the  Superior  Court;  was  chief  justice  of  Maine 
December  10,  1841-October  23,  1848;  returned  to 
East  Bridgewater,  Massachusetts,  August  1,  1866. 

Whitman,  Lemuel,  was  born  in  Connecticut 
in  1780;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1800;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  at 
Farmington,  Connecticut,  November  18,  1841. 

Whitmore,  George  W.,  was  born  in  McMinn 
County,  Tennessee,  August  26,  1824;  received  a 
common-school  education;  was  raised  on  a  farm; 
removed  to  Texas  in  December,  1848;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  Texas  in  1852  and  1853  and  1858;  es 
poused  the  Union  cause;  was  imprisoned  by  the 
rebels  on  account  of  his  political  sentiments,  and 
was  kept  in  prison  until  a  board  of  surgeons  pro 
nounced  his  release  necessary;  was  appointed  by 
Governor  Hamilton  district-attorney  of  the  Ninth 
Judicial  District  in  1806;  was  appointed  register  in 
bankruptcy  in  1867 ;  and  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Texas  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  8,456  votes  against  7,400  votes  for 
Armstrong,  Democrat,  and  381  votes  for  Boughton, 
serving  from  March  31,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Whitney,  Thomas  R.,  was  born  at  New  York 
in  1804;  devoted  much  of  his  life  to  literary  pursuits ; 
was  the  editor  of  "The  New- York  Sunday  News ;" 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1854-1855;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American,  receiving 
3,321  votes  against  2,765  votes  for  Andrews,  Whig, 
and  2,718  votes  for  Hamilton,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  died  at 
New  York  April  12,  1858.  He  published  "  The  Am 
buscade,  a  Poem,"  and  "  The  American  Policy 
Vindicated." 

W^hittemore,  Benjamin  P.,  was  born  at  Mai 
den,  Massachusetts,  in  1824;  received  an  academical 
education;  travelled  in  Europe,  South  America,  and 
California;  studied  theology,  and  became  a  minister 
in  the  Methodist-Episcopal  Church;  served  in  the 
Union  army  as  chaplain ;  located  in  South  Carolina 
after  the  war;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1867 ;  was  the  founder  and  ed 
itor  of  "The  New  Era,"  published  at  Darlington; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress,  serving  from  July  18,  1808,  to  February  23, 
1870,  when  he  resigned;  was  subsequently  re-elected, 
but  refused  admission  June  21,  1870. 

Whittemore,  Elisha,  was  born  in  Rocking- 
ham  County,  New  Hampshire;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  to  New  York;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March 
3,  1827. 

Whitthorne,  Washington  Curran,  was 
born  in  Marshall  County,  Tennessee,  April  19,  1825; 
graduated  at  the  East-Tennessee  University,  Knox- 
ville,  Tennessee,  in  1843 ;  studied  law,  and  has  since 
practised;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Tennessee  in  1855,  1856,  1857,  and  1858;  was  elected 
in  1859  to  the  lower  House  of  the  General  Assembly 
of  Tennessee,  and  was  made  presiding  officer  thereof; 
was  upon  the  Breckinridge  electoral  ticket  for  the 
State  at  large  in  1860;  was  assistant  adjutant-general 
in  the  provisional  army  of  Tennessee  in  1801,  and 
was  afterward  adjutant-general  of  the  State,  which 
position  he  held  under  Governor  Harris  until  the 
close  of  the  civil  war;  his  disabilities  were  removed 
by  act  of  Congress,  approved  July,  1870,  and  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,057  votes 
against  2,810  votes  for  T.  J.  Cypert,  Republican,  and 
1,429  votes  f or  J.  B.  Frierson,  Republican;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  9,508 
votes  against  6,849  votes  for  Gibbs,  Republican,  and 


696 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


993  votes  for  Morris ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  receiving  9,072  votes  against  1,773  votes 
forGibbs,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress,  receiving  12,327  votes  against  3,707 
votes  for  Cliff,  Republican,  serving  from  March  4, 

Whittlesey,  Elisha,  was  born  at  Washington, 
Connecticut,  October  19, 1783;  was  reared  on  a  farm; 
received  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Canfield,  in  the  "  Western  Reserve  "  of  Ohio,  in  1806; 
was  for  sixteen  years  prosecuting-attorney ;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812  as  aide-de-camp  to  General  E. 
Wadsworth;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1820  and  1821 ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty- 
first,  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth, 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
1,  1823,  to  July  9,  1838,  when  he  resigned;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Harrison  sixth  auditor  of  the 
treasury,  serving  from  March  17,  1841,  to  December 
10,  1843;  was  appointed  by  President  Taylor  first 
auditor  of  the  treasury,  serving  from  May  31,  1849, 
until  he  was  removed  by  President  Buchanan  March 
20,  1857 ;  he  was  re-appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
April  10,  1801,  and  held  the  office  until  he  died  at 
Washington  City  January  7,  1863. 

Whittlesey,  Frederick,  was  born  at  Wash 
ington,  Connecticut,  June  16,  1799;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1818; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Utica,  New 
York,  in  1821,  and  commenced  practice  at  Rochester 
in  1822;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  5,  1831,  to  March  3,  1835;  was  vice-chancellor  of 
the  Eighth  Judicial  District  of  New  York  1839-1847; 
was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  State  Supreme  Court 
June  30,  1847;  was  chosen  professor  of  law  in  Gene- 
see  College  in  1850;  died  at  Rochester,  New  York, 
September  19,  1851. 

Whittlesey,  Thomas  T.,  was  born  in  Con 
necticut;  received  a  liberal  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised  at  Danbury,  Connecticut ;  was  elected 
to  fill  a  vacancy  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(caused  by  the  death  of  Zalmon  Wildman)  as  a  Van 
Buren  Democrat,  receiving  17,688  votes  against 
14,549  votes  for  Reuben  Booth,Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  serving  from  April  29, 
1836,  to  March  3,  1839;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  3,701  votes  against  4,023  votes  for  Thomas  B. 
Osborne,  Whig. 

Whittlesey,  William  A.,  was  born  in  Con 
necticut;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating 
at  Yale  College ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Marietta,  Ohio ;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,375  votes  against 
6,037  votes  for  Cutler,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Whyte,  William  Pinkney,  was  born  at  Bal 
timore  August  9,  1824;  was  educated  at  Baltimore 
College  and  by  private  tutors;  served  for  eighteen 
months  in  the  banking-house  of  George  Peabody; 
studied  law  at  the  Harvard  Law  School,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  Baltimore  bar  in  1840;  was  a  member 
of  the  legislature  of  Maryland  in  1847-1848;  was 
judge-advocate  of  a  court-martial  at  the  Naval  Acad 
emy  in  1848;  was  a  Democratic  candidate  for  Con 
gress  in  a  Whig  district  in  1851,  and  beaten  by  119 
votes;  was  elected  comptroller  of  the  State  of  Mary 
land  in  1>S53,  and  declined  a  re-election  in  1855;  was 
a',rain  a  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  in  1857 
against  t!ic  Know-Nothings,  and  contested  the  scat, 
liut  was  defeated  in  the  House  by  a  small  majority; 
refused  to  claim  any  pay  as  a  contestant,  although 
the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Elections  was  against 


the  sitting  member;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
National  Convention  in  1868;  was  appointed  to  the 
United-States  Senate  by  the  governor  of  Maryland 
(to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  appointment  of 
Reverdy  Johnson  as  minister  to  Great  Britain) ;  took 
his  seat  July  14, 1868,  and  served  until  March  4,  1809 
(Mr.  Johnson's  successor  had  been  elected  by  the 
legislature  in  January,  1808) ;  was  elected  governor 
of  Maryland  for  four  years  in  November,  1871,  and 
resigned  the  office  to  enable  the  legislature  to  elect 
his  successor  on  his  having  been  elected  United-States 
senator  from  Maryland  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed 
W.  T.  Hamilton,  Democrat);  he  received  the  degree 
of  LL.D.  in  June,  1874,  from  the  University  of  Mary 
land  ;  he  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  March  4,  1875, 
and  his  term  of  service  will  expire  March  3,  1881. 

Wick,  William  W\,  was  born  at  Canonsburg, 
Pennsylvania,  February  23,  1796;  received  an  aca 
demical  education ;  taught  school ;  studied  medicine 
until  1818;  then  studied  law  with  Thomas  Corwin; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Fayette  County,  Indiana,  in  1820;  was  assistant  clerk 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1820,  and 
assistant  secretary  of  the  Senate  in  1821 ;  was  presi 
dent-judge  of  the  Fifth  Judicial  Circuit  in  1822; 
was  secretary  of  the  State  of  Indiana  in  1825 ;  was 
State  attorney  for  the  Fifth  Judicial  Circuit  1829- 
1831 ;  was  president-judge  1832-1835 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Indiana  in  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  2, 
1839,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  defeating  Nicholas  McCarty,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  was  presi 
dent-judge  of  the  Fifth  Judicial  Circuit;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Pierce  postmaster  at  Indianap 
olis,  serving  from  1853  to  1857;  was  at  different 
times  adjutant-general,  quartermaster-general,  and 
brigadier-general  of  the  State  militia;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law ;  died  in  Franklin  County,  Indiana, 
May  19,  1868. 

Wlckes,  Eliphalet,  was  born  in  Suffolk  Coun 
ty,  New  York ;  resided  at  Huntingdon ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  3, 
1807. 

Wickliffe,  Charles  A.,  was  born  at  Bards- 
town,  Kentucky,  June  8,  1788;  was  educated  at  the 
Bardstown  Grammar  School;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Bards- 
town,  Kentucky;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1812  and  1813 ;  served  at  the 
battle  of  the  Thames  as  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Caldwell ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1814-1823 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a 
Henry  Clay  Democrat ;  and  was  successively  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses ;  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  House  of  Representatives,  of  which  he  was 
speaker  in  1834 ;  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of 
Kentucky  in  1836,  and,  on  the  death  of  Governor 
Clark  in  1839,  he  became  governor;  was  appointed 
by  President  Tyler  postmaster-general  September  13, 
1841,  and  served  until  March  5,  1845;  was  sent  by 
President  Polk  on  a  secret  mission  to  the  republic 
of  Texas  in  1845;  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1845;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Peace  Congress  of  1801 ;  was  again  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Union  Whig,  receiving  8,217  votes 
against  2,719  votes  for  Read,  Secessionist,  serving 
from  July  4,  1801,  until  March  3,  1863;  was  a  dele 
gate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Chi 
cago  in  1864 ;  died  at  Bardstown,  Kentucky,  October 
31,  1809. 

Wickliffe,  Robert  C.,  was  born  at  Bardstown, 
Kentucky;  received  an  academical  education;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  New  Orleans,  Louisiana;  was  governor 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


697 


of  the  State  of  Louisiana  1858-1S60;  claimed  to  have 
been  elected  a  representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress;  his  credentials  were  present 
ed  December  19,  1865,  but  he  was  not  admitted  to  a 
seat. 

W^dgery,  William,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1753;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  followed  the  seas  in  early  life ;  was  lieuten 
ant  of  a  privateer  during  the  Revolutionary  war; 
removed  to  Portland  (then  in  the  Maine  District  of 
Massachusetts) ;  was  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1789,  1791,  1793,  1794,  and  1797; 
was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council  in  1800  and 
1807;  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1813- 
1822;  was  elected  a  representative  from  the  Maine 
District  of  Massachusetts  in  the  Twelfth  Congress 
as  a  War  Democrat,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
to  March  3,  1813 ;  when  he  returned  from  Washing 
ton,  after  having  voted  in  favor  of  a  war,  he  was 
hooted  at  by  an  angry  crowd  as  he  passed  through 
Newburyport;  he  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
War  candidate  for  the  Thirteenth  Congress  by  George 
Bradbury,  Federalist;  removed  to  Boston ;  died  there 
August  7,  1822. 

Wigfall,  Lewis  T.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
received  a  classical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Marshall,  Texas ;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Texas  as  a  Democrat  (to  rill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  James  Pinckney  Henderson,  which 
Matthias  Ward  had  temporarily  filled  by  appoint 
ment),  serving  from  January  4,  1860,  until  March  3, 
1861 ;  not  taking  his  seat  at  the  called  session  of  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  he  was  formally  expelled 
July  11,  1861;  he  participated  in  the  bombardment 
of  Fort  Sumter,  and  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
in  the  Confederate  service  October  29, 1861 ;  resigned 
February  20,  1862 ;  he  represented  Texas  in  the  Pro 
visional  Confederate  Congress,  serving  from  Febru 
ary  18,  1861,  until  February  IS,  1862;  he  was  senator 
in  the  permanent  Confederate  Congress,  serving 
from  February  16,  1862,  until  February  18,  1866; 
after  the  war  he  went  to  London,  where  he  resided 
several  years,  and  then  lived  in  Baltimore,  where  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  December  1,  1873,  and  prac 
tised  his  profession;  visiting  Texas  on  a  lecturing 
tour,  he  d_ied  at  Galveston  February  14,  1874. 

Wigginton,  Peter  Dinwiddie,  was  born  at 
Springtield,  Illinois,  September  6, 1839;  was  educated 
in  private,  and  common  schools,  and  at  the  Universi 
ty  of  Wisconsin;  studied  law  with  L.  M.  Strong  of 
Wisconsin;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Merced;  was  district-attorney  of  Merced  County 
from  March,  1864,  to  March,  1868 ;  and  was  elected  a 
representative  from  California  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,418  votes 
against  10,320  votes  for  S.  O.  Houghton,  Republican, 
and  4,872  votes  for  J.  S.  Thompson,  Independent, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

W^ke,  Scott,  was  born  in  Meadville,  Pennsyl 
vania,  April  6,  1834 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Lombard  University,  Galesburg,  Illi 
nois,  in  1857;  studied  law  with  Judge  O.  C.  Skinner; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858;  attended  the  Cam 
bridge  Law  School,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pitts- 
field,  Illinois,  in  1859;  was  a  member  of  the  legisla 
ture  of  Illinois  1863-1867;  and  was  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,529  votes  against  7,429  votes  for  David  E.  Beatty, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 1875,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

"Wilber,  David,  was  born  near  Quaker's  Street, 
in  Schenectady  County,  New  York,  Octobers,  1820; 
received  a  common-school  education;  commenced 
life  by  working  as  a  farm-laborer;  then  cultivated 
jand  on  shares,  became  the  owner  of  real  estate,  and 
was  largely  interested  in  the  lumber-trade  and  farm 
ing;  commenced  the  hop  business  in  1848,  which 
grew  to  be  an  extensive  and  profitable  trade;  was 
one  of  the  directors  of  the  Second  National  Bank  at 


Cooperstown,  and  owned  the  bank  at  Oneonta  known 
as  "  David  Wilber s  Bank:  "  never  held,  or  was  a  can 
didate  for,  any  political  office  outside  of  the  town  in 
which  he  resided,  until  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  17,368  votes  against  15,171  votes  for 
H.  Sturgis,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

Wilbour,  Isaac,  was  born  at  Little  Compton, 
Rhode  Island;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practised;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Rhode  Island  in  the  Tenth  Congress,  serving  from 
October  26,  1807,  to  March  3,  1809;  was  for  many 
years  chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island ;  was  acting  gov 
ernor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1806. 

Wilcox,  Jeduthan,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1769;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federal 
ist,  receiving  on  a  general  ticket  18,478  votes  against 
15,764  votes  for  J.  Butler,  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 
1813,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  died  at  Oxford,  New  Hamp 
shire,  in  July,  1838. 

Wilcox/ John  A.,  was  born  in  North  Carolina, 
April  18,  1819;  removed  early  in  life  with  his  father 
to  Tennessee,  where  he  was  reared  and  educated; 
removed  to  Mississippi,  and  located  at  Aberdeen; 
was  secretary  of  the  State  Senate;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  lieutenant,  adjutant,  and  lieuten 
ant-colonel  of  the  Second  Regiment  of  Mississippi 
Volunteers  January,  1847- July,  1848 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  in  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  as  a  Union  Whig,  receiving  6,927  votes 
against  6,201  votes  for  Featherston,  State-rights 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851,  to  March 
3,  1853;  was  defeated  as  the  Union  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  receiving  6,837  votes 
against  7,039  votes  for  W.  S.  Barry,  State-rights 
Democrat;  removed  in  the  fall  of  1853  to  Texas; 
was  a  prominent  member  of  the  convention  which 
adopted  the  ordinance  of  secession;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Texas  in  the  First  Confederate 
Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Second  Congress; 
but  died  before  taking  his  seat,  at  Richmond,  Vir 
ginia,  February  7,  1864. 

Wilcox,  Leonard,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1800;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1817;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Oxford ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives;  was  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court;  was 
appointed  a  United-States  senator  from  New  Hamp 
shire  (in  place  of  Franklin  Pierce,  resigned),  and 
subsequently  elected  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
March  7,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  at  Oxford, 
New  Hampshire,  in  1850. 

Wilde,  Richard  Henry,  was  born  at  Dublin, 
Ireland,  September  24,  1789;  immigrated  to  Balti 
more  with  his  father  in  1797;  his  father  dying  in 
1802,  his  mother  completed  the  education  which  she 
had  given  him,  and  took  him  to  Augusta,  Georgia ; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Augusta;  was  appointed 
attorney-general  of  Georgia ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Georgia  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1817;  was  again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Thomas  W.  Cobb,  resigned),  serv 
ing  from  February  7,  1825,  to  March  3,  1825 ;  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Nineteenth  Congress 
by  John  Forsyth;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twen 
tieth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- first, 
Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1835 ;  was 
defeated  as  the  State-rights  candidate  for  the  Twen 
ty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  on  a  general  ticket 
28,168  votes  against  31,247  votes  for  Thomas  Glas- 
cock,  Unionist;  visited  Europe  in  1835-1840;  re 
turned  home,  and  in  1843  removed  to  New  Orleans 
to  act  as  professor  of  law  in  the  University  of  Louisi- 


698 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ana:  died  at  New  Orleans  September  24,  1789.  He 
published  "The  Love,  Madness,  and  Imprisonment 
of  Tasso,"  "  Hesperia,"  and  many  poems,  one  of 
which,  "  My  Life  is  like  the  Summer  Rose,"  was 
pruN'-d  by  Lord  Byron. 

Wilder,  A.  Carter,  was  born  at  Mendon,  Mas 
sachusetts,  March  IS,  1828;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  in  1850  to  Rochester,  New 
York;  removed  in  1857  to  Leavenworth,  Kansas, 
where  he  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  was  a 
delegate  from  Kansas  to  the  National  Republican 
Convention  at  Chicago  in  1860 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Kansas  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  9,676  votes  against  4,666 
votes  for  Parrott,  Democrat,  and  930  votes  for  Mat 
thias,  serving  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1865;  was  a  delegate  from  Kansas  to  the  National 
Republican  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1864;  died 
at  San  Francisco,  California,  December  23,  1875. 

Wildman,  Zalmon,  was  born  at  Danbury, 
Connecticut;  received  a  public-school  education; 
learned  a  trade,  and  became  a  master  mechanic; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  7,  18:35,  to  December  10,  1835,  when 
he  died  at  Washington  City. 

W^ildrick,  Isaac,  was  born  in  New  Jersey;  re 
sided  at  Blairstown;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  9,215  votes  against  2,778  votes 
for  Robertson,  Whig ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-second  Congress,  receiving  9,097  votes  against 
4,498  votes  for  Edsall,  Whig,  serving  from  December 
3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

W^iley,  J.  McCaleb,  was  born  in  Cabarras 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1806;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  removed  with  his  father  to  North 
Carolina  in  1823;  visited  Mexico  in  1833,  and  served 
for  three  years  in  the  Mexican  army;  settled  in  Bibb 
County,  Alabama,  in  1836 ;  was  appointed  register  in 
chancery  in  1839;  was  one  of  the  board  of  visitors 
to  West  Point  in  1852;  was  grand  master  of  Masons 
in  Alabama;  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Eighth 
Circuit  in  1866;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Alabama  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  was  not 
permitted  to  take  his  seat;  was  elected  judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court  in  1871. 

Wiley,  James  S.,  was  born  in  Maine;  received 
a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Waterville  Col 
lege  in  1836 ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Dover;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maine  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,817  votes  against  3,615 
votes  for  Kingsbury,  Whig,  and  1,560  votes  Abolition 
and  scattering,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to 
March  3,  1849, 

Wilkin,  James  W.,  was  born  in  Orange  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  in  1762 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1785;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Goshen;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1800;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  4, 
1815,  to  March  3,  1819 ;  was  county-clerk  of  Orange 
County  July  8,  1819-February  15,  1821;  died  at 
Goshon,  New  York,  February  23,  1845. 

Wilkin,  Samuel  J.,  was  born  in  Orange 
County,  New  York,  in  1790 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Princeton  College  in  1812; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised 
at  Goshen;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1824  and  1825;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 

831,  to  March  2,1833;  was  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  lieutenant-governor  on  the  ticket 
headed  by  Mi  Hard  Fillmore  in  1844;  died  at  Goshen, 
New  York,  March  11,  isiiii. 

Wilkins,  William,  was  born  at  Carlisle,  Peiin- 


sylvania,  in  1779;  received  a  classical  education, 
which  was  completed  at  Dickinson  College;  studied 
law  with  Judge  Watts;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
Carlisle,  and  commenced  practice  at  Pittsburg  in 
1800;  was  president  of  the  Bank  of  Pittsburg  and 
of  the  Pittsburg  Manufacturing  Company;  was 
brigadier-general  of  militia;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1819;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Twentieth  Congress 
by  James  S.  Stevenson ;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Democrat  and  anti- 
Mason,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  June  30, 
1834,  when  lie  resigned,  having  been  appointed 
minister  to  Russia;  resigned,  and  returned  home 
December  24,  1835;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  4,438  votes  against  2,237 
votes  for  Craig,  Independent,  1,884  votes  for  Breck- 
inridge,  Whig,  and  379  votes  for  Penniman,  Abo 
litionist,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  February 
14,  1844,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed 
by  President  Tyler  a  member  of  his  cabinet;  was 
secretary  of  war  February  15,  1844-March  3,  1845 ; 
was  United-States  judge  for  the  Western  Judicial 
District  of  Pennsylvania;  was  a  State  senator  in 
1857;  was  a  member  of  a  "home  guard"  in  1862; 
died  near  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  June  23,  1865. 

W^ilkinson,  Morton  S.,  was  born  at  Skan- 
eateles,  New  York,  January  22,  1819;  received  a 
public-school  education ;  studied  law  with  Beach  & 
Underwood;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Eaton  Rapids,  Michigan,  in  1843 ; 
removed  to  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  in  1847 ;  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  first  Territorial  legislature  in  1849; 
was  appointed  one  of  a  board  of  commissioners  to 
prepare  a  code  of  laws  for  the  Territory ;  removed 
to  Mankato ;  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States  in  1859  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  James 
Shields,  Democrat) ;  served  in  the  Senate  until  1865; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Minnesota  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  23,724 
votes  against  14,646  votes  for  Batchelder,  Democrat, 
serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Willard,  Charles  W.,  was  born  at  Lyndon, 
Caledonia  County,  Vermont,  June  18,  1827 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1851 ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Montpelier  in  1853 ;  was 
elected  secretary  of  state  in  1855-1856,  and  declined 
a  re-election ;  was  elected  a  State  senator  in  1860  and 
1861;  became  the  editor,  in  1861,  of  "The  Green- 
Mountain  Freeman;"  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  13,999  votes  against  4,396  votes 
for  J.  Cain,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  10,476  votes  against  3,675 
votes  for  J.  Cain,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
14,061  votes  against  3,621  votes  for  H.  W.  Heaton, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Willard,  George,  was  born  at  Bolton,  Vermont, 
March  20, 1824;  received  a  liberal  education,  and  was 
a  professor  for  two  years  in  Kalamazoo  College ;  was 
editor  and  publisher  of  "  The  Battle-Creek  Journal; " 
was  a  member  of  the  Michigan  State  Board  of  Edu 
cation  from  1857  to  1863 ;  was  elected  regent  of  the 
University  of  Michigan  in  1863,  and  re-elected  for 
eight  years  in  1865;  was  elected  to  the  State  legisla 
ture  in  1866,  and  the  following  year  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention,  serving  in  both 
bodies  as  chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Education ; 
was  a  delegate  at  large  from  Michigan  to  the  National 
Republican  Convention  in  1872 ;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  17,822  votes  against  10,275 
votes  for  J.  G.  Parkhurst,  Democrat;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  13,372 
votes  against  12,174  votes  for  F.  Livermore,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1877. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


699 


Willey,  Calvin,  was  born  at  East  Haddain, 
Connecticut,  September  15,  177G;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law  with  John  T.  Peters; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1708,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Stafford;  was  for  nine  successive  years  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives,  and 
for  two  years  a  State  senator:  was  appointed  post 
master  at  Stafford  Springs  in  1SOG;  removed  to  Tol- 
land,  Connecticut,  in  1808;  was  appointed  post 
master  there,  and  held  the  office  until  1816;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  John  Quincy  Adams 
ticket  in  1824;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Connecticut  (in  place  of  James  Lanman,  who 
had  been  appointed,  but  who  was  declared  not  en 
titled  to  his  seat),  serving  from  December  9,  1825,  to 
March  3,  1831 ;  resumed  practice ;  died  at  Stafford, 
Connecticut,  August  23,  1838. 

Willey,  Waitman  T.,  was  born  in  Monongalia 
County,  Virginia,  October  18,  1811;  graduated  at 
Madison  College,  Pennsylvania;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law;  was  clerk  of  the  Monongalia  County 
Court,  and  also  of  the  Circuit  Superior  Court  of 
Law  and  Chancery  of  the  same  county,  from  1841 
to  1855;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  Virginia  in  1851;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Virginia  State  Convention  in  1861;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Virginia  by  the  re 
organized  Virginia  legislature  (in  place  of  J.  M. 
Mason,  withdrawn),  and  took  his  seat  July  13,  1861; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  adopted  the 
Constitution  of  the  State  of  West  Virginia;  was 
elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  from  West  Vir 
ginia  in  1863;  and  was  re-elected,  serving  from  De 
cember  7,  1803,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Williams,  Alpheus  S.,  was  born  at  Saybrook, 
Connecticut,  September  20,  1810;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1831 ;  was  a  student  in  the  Yale  Law  School 
in  1832  and  1833 ;  travelled  in  Europe  in  1834-1836 ;  re 
moved  to  Michigan  in  1836,  and  commenced  the  prac 
tice  of  law;  was  judge  of  probate  for  Wayne  County 
1840-1844;  was  alderman  of  Detroit  in  1843,  and 
recorder  of  the  city  in  1844;  was  proprietor  and  editor 
of  "The  Detroit  Daily  Advertiser"  in  1843-1848; 
was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  Michigan  Volun 
teer  Infantry  Regiment  in  the  Mexican  war  1847- 
1848;  was  postmaster  of  Detroit  1849-1853;  entered 
the  Union  army  by  appointment  of  the  President 
as  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in  August,  1861; 
commanded  the  Twelfth  Corps  in  the  battles  of 
South  Mountain,  Antietam,  and  Gettysburg,  and 
the  Twentieth  Corps  in  the  siege  of  Atlanta,  on 
Sherman's  "march  to  the  sea,"  and  in  the  campaign 
of  the  Carolinas,  and  was  mustered  out  of  service  in 
January,  1866;  was  appointed  in  August,  1866,  by 
the  President,  one  of  the  commissioners  to  adjust 
the  military  claims  of  Missouri ;  was  minister  resident 
to  the  republic  of  Salvador  1866-1869 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Michigan  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  on  the  Democratic  and  Reform  tickets, 
receiving  10,848  votes  against  8,892  votes  for  Moses 
W.  Field,  Republican,  and  56  votes  for  C.  P.  Russell, 
Temperance ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,471  votes  against  12,417  votes  for 
Henry  M.  Duffield,  Republican,  and  1,736  votes  for 
John  V.  Renkle,  Greenback  candidate,  serving  from 
December  6,  1875. 

Williams,  Andrew,  was  born  at  Ormstown, 
Canada,  August  27,  1828;  received  a  common-school 
education  until  he  was  thrown  upon  his  own  re 
sources  at  fifteen  years  of  age ;  arrived  in  the  United 
States  in  October,  1848;  commenced  business  at 
Plattsburg  as  a  manufacturer  of  bloom-iron  in  1855; 
was  a  merchant  and  manufacturer  of  iron  and  lumber; 
and  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
11,251  votes  against  8,336  votes  for  Artemus  B. 
Waldo,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  13.177  votes  against  10,246  votes 
for  rlatt,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Williams,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  North  Caro 


lina  in  1754;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  captain,  and  so 
distinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of  Guilford  that, 
he  was  made  a  colonel ;  served  a  number  cf  years  as 
a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in 
the  Third  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1793, 
to  March  3,  1795;  was  governor  of  North  Carolina 
1799-1802  and  1807-1808;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1808-1809;  died  in  Moore  County,  North 
Carolina.  July  20,  1814. 

Williams,  Charles  G.,  was  born  at  Royal  ton, 
New  York,  October  18,  1829;  received  an  academic 
education,  and  studied  law  at  Rochester  in  that  State ; 
removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1856,  and  entered  upon  the 
practice  of  his  profession;  was  presidential  elector  in 
1868,  and  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  that  year; 
was  re-elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1870,  and  twice 
chosen  president  pro  tempore  of  that  body;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,666  votes  against  9,380  votes  for  I.  C.  Sloan, 
Liberal  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  12,568  votes  against  9,532 
votes  for  Pratt,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  18,206  votes  against 
12,478  votes  for  H.  G.  Winslow,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  1,  1873. 

Williams,  Christopher  H.,  was  born  in 
Tennessee;  resided  at  Lexington;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  1,882  majority  over 
W.  C.  Dunlap,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serv 
ing  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving 
no  opposition;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  no  opposition,  serving 
from  December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1853. 

Williams,  David  R.,  was  born  at  Society 
Hill,  South  Carolina;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  Brown  University  in  1797;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice,  carrying  on  an  extensive  plantation;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the 
Ninth  Congress;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Tenth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March 
3,  18u9;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress 
as  a  War  Democrat,  serving  from  November  4,  1811, 
to  March  3,  1813;  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in 
the  United-States  army  July  9,  1813,  and  resigned- 
April  6,  1814;  was  governor  of  South  Carolina  1814— 
1816;  was  killed  by  accident  at  a  new  bridge  Novem 
ber  15,  1830. 

W^illiams,  George  H.,  was  born  in  Columbia 
County,  New  York,  March  23,  1823;  received  an 
academic  education;  studied  law,  and,  removing  to 
Iowa,  commenced  practice  there;  was  judge  of  the 
First  Judicial  District  of  Iowa  from  1847  to  1852; 
was  a  presidential  elector  from  Iowa  in  1852;  was 
appointed  by  President  Pierce  chief  justice  of  the 
Territory  of  Oregon  in  1853,  and  was  re-appointed 
by  President  Buchanan  in  1857,  but  resigned;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Convention  which  framed 
the  Constitution  of  Oregon  in  1858;  was  elected 
United-States  senator  from  Oregon  as  a  Union  Re 
publican  (to  succeed  B.  F.  Harding,  Union  Repub 
lican),  serving  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3, 
1871 ;  was  a  member  of  the  High  Joint  Commission 
for  the  adjustment  of  differences  between  the  United 
States  and  Great  Britain  in  1871 ;  was  appointed  by 
President  Grant  attorney-general  of  the  United 
States,  serving  from  January  10,  1872,  to  May  15, 
1875;  on  the  death  of  Chief -Justice  Chase  he  was 
nominated  by  President  Grant  chief  justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  December  1, 
1873,  but,  the  Senate  showing  no  disposition  to  con 
firm  the  nomination,  it  was  withdrawn;  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  at  Washington  City. 

Williams,  Henry,  was  born  at  Taunton,  Mas- 


700 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


sachusetts,  November,  1804 ;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Taunton;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  3,300  votes 
against  2,9-20  votes  for  N.  B.  Borden,  Whig,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1841;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  by  N.  B.  Borden,  Whig,  on  the  sec 
ond  trial;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1845;  declined  being  a  candidate  for  re-election; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  two  years,  and 
of  the  State  Honse  of  Representatives  for  three  years. 

W^illiams,  Hezekiah,  was  born  at  Woodstock, 
Vermont,  in  1798;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1820;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Castine;  was  register  of  probate  for  Hancock 
County  1824-1838;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
1839-1841 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  receiving  5,033 
votes  against  3,740  votes  for  J.  S.  Pike,  Whig,  serv 
ing  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  died 
at  Castine  October  24,  1856. 

Williams,  Isaac,  jun.,'  was  born  in  Otsego 
County,  New  York;  resided  at  Otsego;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
W.  Dowse),  having  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  John  M.  Bowers,  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
January  24,  1814,  to  March  2,  1815;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823, 
to  March  3,  1825. 

Williams,  James,  was  born  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  August  4,  1825;  was  educated  at  the 
Friends'  school  of  Philadelphia;  removed  to  Dela 
ware  in  1844,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
•was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Delaware 
in  1850  and  1862,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1866- 
1871,  serving  the  last  two  years  as  speaker;  was  a 
member  of  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
Baltimore  in  1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Delaware  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  12,602  votes  against  11,024  votes  for 
James  R.  Lofiand,  Republican;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  13,169  votes 
against  10,592  votes  for  Levi  C.  Bird,  Republican, 
serving  from  December  6,  1875. 

Williams,  James  D.,  was  born  in  Pickaway 
County,  Ohio,  January  16,  1808;  removed  to  Knox 
County,  Indiana,  in  1818;  was  educated  in  the  log 
schoolhouses  of  the  country;  is  by  occupation  a 
f  armer ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  of  Indiana  in  1843,  1847,  1851,  1856,  and 
1868;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1858,  1862, 
and  1870;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic 
Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1872;  was  the  Demo 
cratic  nominee  for  United-States  senator  in  1873 
against  Oliver  P.  Morton;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Indiana  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  17,393  votes  against  9,545  votes 
for  Levi  Ferguson,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1875,  to  December  1,  1870,  when  he  resigned, 
having  been  elected  governor  of  Indiana. 

Williams,  James  W.,  was  born  in  Maryland 
in  1787 ;  received  a  classical  education ;  was  for  sev 
eral  years  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  had  been  elected  speaker  in  1830, 
When  an  attack  of  paralysis  made  it  necessary  for 
him  to  resign,  incapacitating  him  for  a  time  from 
public  business;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maryland  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  defeating  J.  C.  Orrick,  and  serving  from 
ttsy  :'.!,  1841,  to  December  2,  1842,  when  he  was 
stricken  with  paralysis  while  on  his  way  to  Wash 
ington  in  his  carriage,  and  survived  but  a 'short  time. 


Williams,  Jared,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  Maryland,  March  4,  1766;  received  a  good 
English  education;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1811-1817;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Vir 
ginia  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Jackson  Demo 
crat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
receiving  448  majority;  was  re-elected  to  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  6,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1825;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Jackson  and  Calhoun  ticket  in  1829;  died  near  New 
ton,  Virginia,  after  a  brief  illness,  January  2,  1831. 

Williams,  Jared  W.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire  ;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Brown  University  in  1818;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Lancaster, 
New  Hampshire ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1830,  1831,  1835,  and  1836;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1832,  1833,  and  1834; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  was  gov 
ernor  of  New  Hampshire  1847-1849;  was  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  New  Hampshire  (in  place 
of  Charles  G.  Atherton,  deceased),  serving  from  De 
cember  12,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  died  at  Lancaster, 
New  Hampshire,  September  29,  1864. 

Williams,  Jeremiah  N.,  was  born  in'Barbour 
County,  Alabama,  in  April,  1829;  received  a  liberal 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  South 
Carolina;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
has  since  practised;  entered  the  Confederate  army 
in  1861  as  major,  but  was  obliged  to  resign  on  ac 
count  of  ill  health ;  was  elected  to  the  State  legisla 
ture  of  Alabama  in  1872,  but  not  permitted  to  take 
his  seat;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama 
in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  20,180  votes  against  19,124  votes  for  J.  T.  Rapier, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,089  votes  against  3,896  votes  for 
W.  H.  Betts,  Republican,  serving  from  December  6, 
1875. 

Williams,  John,  was  born  in  Hanover  County, 
Virginia;  served  an  apprenticeship  to  the  carpenter's 
trade;  removed  to  North  Carolina;  studied  law,  and 
commenced  practice;  was  seized  by  the  Regulators 
while  attending  court  at  Hillsborough  in  1770,  and 
severely  beaten ;  was  one  of  the  first  judges  under 
the  State  Constitution,  serving  from  1777  until  1790; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1777- 
1778;  died  in  Granville  County,  North  Carolina,  in 
October,  1799. 

Williams,  John,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  New  York;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war,  attaining  the  rank  of  colonel ;  was  a  member  of 
the  First  State  Senate  in  1777,  but  was  expelled  for 
misconduct ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  1782-1793;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Fourth  Congress;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7,  1795,  to  March  3,  1799. 

Williams,  John  (brother  of  Lewis  and  Robert 
Williams,  and  father  of  Joseph  L.  Williams),  was 
born  in  Surry  County,  North  Carolina ;  was  appointed 
captain  in  the  Sixth  United-States  Infantry  April, 
1799 ;  resigned  in  1800 ;  studied  law  at  Salisbury,  North 
Carolina ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1803,  and  com 
menced  practice  near  Knoxville,  Tennessee;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Ken 
tucky  mounted  volunteers,  and  subsequently  of  the 
Thirty-ninth  United-States  Infantry;  served  under 
General  Jackson  at  New  Orleans  and  in  Alabama, 
and  became  his  earnest  political  adversary;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Tennessee  (in 
place  of  George  W.  Campbell,  resigned),  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  John  Quincy  Adams  cJtanje 
d'affaires  to  Central  America,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  29,  1825,  to  December  1,  182G ;  was  a  member  of 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


701 


the  State  Senate ;  was  offered  a  seat  iipon  the  bench 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Tennessee,  but  declined  it; 
died  near  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  August  10,  1837. 

Williams,  John,  was  born  at  Utica,  New  York, 
in  1807;  removed  to  Sackett's  Harbor,  and  from 
there  to  Rochester;  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits;  was  an  alderman  of  Rochester  in  1852;  was 
mayor  of  Rochester  18-33-1854;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  an  anti-Nebraska  Democrat,  receiving 
5,609  votes  against  4,227  votes  for  Carpenter,  Whig, 
and  1,865  votes  for  Sibley,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857;  was  a  major- 
general  of  militia,  and  was  active  in  recruiting  troops 
for  the  Union  army ;  was  city  treasurer  of  Rochester 
1871-1875 ;  died  at  Rochester,  New  York,  March  26, 
1875. 

Williams,  John  M.  S.,  was  born  at  Richmond, 
Virginia,  August  14,  1818;  was  educated  at  the  pub 
lic  schools  of  Boston;  was  a  merchant  and  ship-own 
er;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1856,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1858 ;  was  a 
presidential  elector  from  the  Fourth  District  of  Mas 
sachusetts  in  1868 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  11,929  votes  against  5,829  votes 
for  W.  W.  Warren,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875;  was  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
receiving  7,861  votes  against  8,585  votes  for  W.  W. 
Warren,  Democrat. 

Williams,  Jonathan,  was  born  at  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  1752;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion;  was  placed  in  a  counting-house  as  clerk,  and 
made  several  voyages  to  Europe  and  the  West  Indies 
as  supercargo;  visiting  France  in  1777,  he  was  ap 
pointed  commercial  agent  of  the  United  States  by 
his  uncle,  Benjamin  Franklin,  and  returned  to  the 
United  States  with  him  in  1785,  locating  at  Philadel 
phia;  was  for  several  years  a  judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas;  entered  the  United-States  army  as 
major  of  engineers  February  16,  1801;  was  inspector 
of  fortifications  and  superintendent  of  the  Military 
Academy  at  West  Point  December  4,  1801 ;  was  lieu 
tenant-colonel  of  engineers  July  8,  1802;  resigned 
June  20,  1803 ;  was  colonel  of  engineers  February  23, 
1803;  resigned  July  31,  1812;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress,  but  died  at  Philadelphia,  before  taking  his 
seat,  May  16,  1815.  He  published  "A  Memoir  on 
the  Use  of  the  Thermometer  in  Navigation"  1799, 
"The  Elements  of  Fortification"  (a  translation) 
1801.  and  "  Kosciuszko's  Movements  for  Horse-Ar 
tillery"  1808. 

Williams,  Joseph  L.  (son  of  John  Williams), 
was  born  in  Tennessee;  resided  at  Knoxville;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,321 
votes  against  2,653  votes  for  R.  M.  Anderson,  Whig ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  5,153  votes  without  opposition;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from  Septem 
ber  4.  1837,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Williams,  Lemuel,  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Harvard  University  in  1705 ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  and 
Eighth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  2,  1799, 
to  March  3/1805. 

Williams,  Lewis  (brother  of  John  and  Robert 
Williams),  was  born  near  Shallow  Ford,  North  Caro 
lina,  in  1782;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1808; 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1813  and  1814;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress;  was  successively 
re-elected  to  thirteen  Congresses,  ending  with  the 
Twenty-seventh,  serving  from  December  4,  1815, 
until  his  death  at  Washington  February  23,  1842 ;  he 
received,  by  universal  consent,  the  title  of  "  the 


Father  of  the  House,"  and,  although  childless,  his 
congressional  responsibilities,  doubtless,  often  more 
than  filled  his  paternal  anxieties. 

Williams,  Marmaduke,  was  born  in  Caswell 
County,  North  Carolina,  April  6,  1772;  received  a 
classical  education;  studied  law,  and  practised;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1802 ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Eighth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat  (to  succeed  his  brother, 
Robert  Williams,  who  had  been  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jefferson  governor  of  Mississippi) ;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
October  17,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809;  removed  to  Madi 
son  County,  Alabama,  in  1810,  and  thence  to  Tusca- 
loosa  in  1818;  was  a  member  of  the  First  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  Alabama  in  1819;  was  a 
candidate  for  governor  in  1819,  but  was  defeated 
by  Thomas  W.  Bibb ;  was  appointed  on  the  commis 
sion  to  adjust  unsettled  Territorial  accounts  with 
Mississippi  in  1826;  was  elected  judge  of  the  Tusca- 
loosa  County  Court  in  1832,  and  held  the  position 
until  disqualified  by  constitutional  limitation  in 
April,  1842,  when  he  became  seventy  years  of  age ; 
died  at  Tuscaloosa,  Alabama,  October  29,  1850. 

Williams,  Nathan,  was  born  in  Oneida  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  resided  at  Utica;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  18G5,  to  March  3,  1807; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1818. 

Williams,  Reuel,  was  born  at  Hallowell  (now 
Augusta),  Maine,  June  2,  1783;  received  an  academ 
ical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1802,  and  commenced  practice  at  Augusta, 
Maine ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1822-1826,  of  the  State  Senate  1827-1828, 
and  again  of  the  House  1829-1832;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Maine  as  a  Democrat  (to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Senator 
Shepley),  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  prominent  in  the  railroad  project  for 
connecting  trains  between  Augusta  and  Boston,  and 
was  for  twelve  years  manager  of  the  railroad;  visited 
Washington  in  November,  1861,  as  one  of  the  com 
missioners  of  Maine  appointed  to  look  after  the  pub 
lic  defences  of  the  State,  and  obtained  from  the 
secretary  of  war  an  order  that  the  fortifications 
being  erected  at  the  mouth  of  the  Penobscot  be  called 
Fort  Popham  in  honor  of  the  first  colony  on  the 
shores  of  New  England,  established  under  George 
Popham ;  died  at  Augusta,  Maine,  July  23,  1862. 

Williams,  Richard,  was  born  at  Findley,  Han 
cock  County,  Ohio,  November  15,  1836;  removed  to 
Oregon  in  1851;  was  educated  at  the  Willamette 
University ;  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
185S,  and  practised  at  Portland ;  was  elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,347 
votes  against  14,239  votes  for  La  Fayette  Lane, 
Democrat,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Williams,  Robert  (brother  of  John  and  Lewis 
Williams),  was  bom  near  Shallow  Ford,  North  Caro 
lina;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised;  was  adjutant-general  of  North  Carolina 
during  the  war;  made  the  only  perfect  collection 
extant  of  the  acts,  public  and  private,  of  the  Gener 
al  Assembly  of  North  Carolina;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Fifth  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  and  re-elected  to  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh  Congresses,  serving  from  May  15,  1797,  until 
March  3,  1803;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson 
United-States  land  commissioner  for  Mississippi  in 
1803,  and  Territorial  governor  of  Mississippi  in  1805- 
1809;  he  subsequently  removed  to  Tennessee,  and 
thence  to  Louisiana,  where  he  died. 

Williams,  Sherrod,  was  born  in  Kentucky; 
resided  at  Monticello;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  defeating  Martin  Beatty,  Whig;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  3,189  votes 
against  1,819  votes  for  McHenry,  Democrat,  and 


702 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1,764  votes  for  Monroe,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  defeating  Eodes  Garth, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  7,  1835,  to  March 
3,  1841. 


studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1838,  1830,  1840,  and  1841,  and  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1801  and  1862; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
8,989  votes  against  7,C35  votes  for  Zcigler,  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving 
11,682  votes  against  8,124  votes  for  Kountz,  Democrat; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  receiving 
14,197  votes  against  10,012  votes  for  Childs.  Demo 
crat,  serving  "from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1869. 

Williams,  Thomas  H.,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
removed  to  Pontotoc,  Mississippi,  soon  after  the 
Indians  had  been  removed  from  that  region;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ;  was 
appointed  by  the  governor,  and  subsequently  elected 
by  the  legislature,  as  a  Democrat,  a  United-States 
senator  (to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resigna 
tion  of  James  F.  Trotter),  serving  from  December  13, 
1838,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Williams,  Thomas  Hill,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina;  received  an  academical  education ;  studied 
law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  ;  was  a  clerk  in  the  War  Department  at  Wash 
ington  City ;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson 
in  1805  register  of  the  land-office  for  the  Territory  of 
Mississippi ;  was  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of 
New  Orleans;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Convention 
which  framed  the  State  Constitution  of  Mississippi ; 
was  elected  one  of  the  first  United-States  senators 
from  Mississippi;  was  re-elected  as  a  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  11,  1817,  to  March  3,  1829;  re 
moved  to  Tennessee,  and  died  there. 

Williams,  Thomas  Scott,  was  born  at  Weth- 
ersfield,  Connecticut,  June  26,  1777;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1794: 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Mansfield,  removing  to  Hart 
ford  in  1803 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  in  1813,  and  was  twelve  times  re- 
elected  before  1829;  Avas  elected  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  in  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  1,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819;  was  appointed 
in  1829  an  associate  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Errors  and  of  the  Superior  Court,  and  was  appointed 
in  1834  chief  justice,  holding  the  office  until  1847; 
was  mayor  of  Hartford  1831-1835 ;  was  president  of 
the  American  Tract  Society,  and  a  liberal  contribu 
tor  to  various  benevolent  institutions,  to  which  he 
bequeathed  nearly  $30,000 ;  died  at  Hartford,  Con- 
necticutj  December  15,  1801. 

Williams,  Thomas  W.,  was  born  at  S  ton  ing- 
ton,  Connecticut,  September  28,  1739;  received  an 
academical  education ;  went  to  New  York,  where  he 
was  clerk  in  a  store ;  removed  to  New  London,  where 
he  engaged  in  business;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  in  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  as  a 
Whig,  receiving  3,068  votes  against  2,978  votes  for  C. 
Billings,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  receiving  665  majority,  serving 
from  December  2,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843;  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket 
in  1S48. 

Williams,  William,  was  born  in  Bolton,  Con 
necticut,  September  6,  1815;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  was  a  banker  and  railroad  presi 
dent  and  manager  at  Buffalo,  New  York;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  legislature  in  1866  and  1867; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
15,018  votes  against  14,415  votes  for  Bass,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1873; 


was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  receiving  12,813  votes  against 
17,929  votes  for  Lyman  K.  Bass,  Republican. 

Williams,  William,  was  born  at  Lebanon, 
Connecticut,  April  18,  1731 ;  received  a  classical  edu 
cation,  graduating  at  Harvard  University  in  1751; 
served  with  the  colonial  troops  in  the  French  war, 
and  was  at  the  battle  of  Lake  George;  was  promi 
nent  in  the  pre-Revolutionary  movements ;  was  for  a 
number  of  years  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of 
Representatives,  and  was  its  speaker  in  1775;  was  a 
delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1776-1778. and  1783-1784;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  which  adopted  the  Federal  Consti 
tution;  died  at  Lebanon,  Connecticut,  August  2, 
1811. 

Williams,  William,  was  born  at  Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania,  May  11,  lf-21 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  studied  law,  and  commenced  its 
practice  in  Indiana;  was  treasurer  of  Kosciusko 
County  in  1850;  was  director  of  the  Northern  Indi 
ana  State  Prison  in  1860;  was  commissioned  by  the 
governor  commandant  of  Camp  Allen,  with  the  rank 
of  colonel,  in  1862;  was  commissioned  by  the  Presi 
dent  an  additional  paymaster  in  the  United-States 
army  in  1804;  was  elected  a  representative  from  In 
diana  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  17,414  votes  against  10,162  votes  for  Lowry, 
Democrat ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
receiving  16,551  votes  against  14,2^8  votes  for  Eller- 
son,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  14,130  votes  against  9,112  votes 
for  "Hascall,  Independent  Republican,  receiving 
Democratic  support,  and  2,799  votes  for  Ellison,  In 
dependent;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  for  the  State  at  large,  receiving  188,700 
votes  against  188,227  votes  for  J.  S.  Williams, 
Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Williams,  William  B.,  was  born  at  Pittsford, 
New  York,  July  28,  1826;  received  an  academic  edu 
cation;  studied  law,  and  graduated  at  the  State  and 
National  Law  School  at  Ballston  Spa,  New  York,  in 
August,  1851 ;  xvas  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September, 
1851,  and  commenced  practice;  removed  to  Allegan, 
Michigan,  in  1855;  was  elected  judge  of  probate  in 
1856,  and  re-elected  in  1860,  holding  the  office  two 
terms  of  four  years  each;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  of  Michigan  in  1866  and  1868,  and  served  two 
terms  of  two  years  each;  was  elected  president  pro 
tcmpore  of  the  Senate  in  18G9;  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Michigan  in 
1867 ;  was  appointed  by  the  governor  of  the  State  of 
Michigan  in  1871  a  member  of  the  board  for  the 
supervisory  control  of  the  charitable,  penal,  and 
beneficiary  institutions  of  the  State,  which  position 
he  resigned  on  his  election  as  representative  from 
Michigan  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican  (at  a  special  election  held  on  the  4th  of  Novem 
ber,  1873,  to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of 
Hon.  Wilder  D.  Foster),  receiving  6,509  votes  against 
6,434  votes  for  C.  C.  Comstock,  Democrat;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
13,370  votes  against  12,212  votes  for  Mark  D.  Wilber, 
Democrat  and  Reformer,  and  300  votes  for  J.  A.  Mc 
Kay,  Temperance,  serving  from  December  1, 1873,  to 
March  3,  1877. 

Williamson,  Hugh,  was  born  in  West-Notting 
ham  Township,  Pennsylvania,  December  5,  1735; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1757;  studied  divinity, 
and  was  licensed  to  preach  in  1758,  but  resigned  in 
1700  on  account  of  ill  health;  was  appointed  profess 
or  of  mathematics  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1760,  and  held  the  position  until  1764,  when  he 
resigned;  went  to  Edinburgh  to  study  medicine,  and 
was  licen.-ed  to  practise  in  1772;  returning  to  Phila 
delphia,  he  practised  there  until  1773,  when  he  re 
turned  to  England,  where  he  rendered  important 
services  to  the  revolting  colonists;  returning,  he 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


ros 


went  to  Edenton  on  a  vessel  which  was  avoiding  the 
British  fleet,  and  was  induced  to  resume  practice 
there;  served  as  surgeon-rreneral  of  the  North-Caro 
lina  troops,  distinguishing  himself  at  the  battle  of 
Camden  in  1780;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1782;  was  elected  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1784,  1785,  and  1780 ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Convention  which  framed  the  Fed 
eral  Constitution  in  1787 ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  in  the  First  Congress  as  a  Federalist ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Second  Congress,  serving  from  March 
19,  1790,  until  March  2,  1793;  removed  to  New  York, 
where  he  had  married;  devoted  himself  to  literary 
pursuits,  and  was  associated  with  De  Witt  Clinton 
in  organizing  the  Philosophical  Society  in  1814;  died 
suddenly  at  New  York  May  22,  1819.  He  published 
"Observations  on  the  Climate  of  America,"  1811; 
"History  of  North  Carolina,"  1812;  and  a  number  of 
papers  on  astronomical,  scientific,  and  political  sub 
jects. 

Williamson,  William  Durkee,  was  born  at 
Canterbury,  Connecticut,  July  31,  1779;  his  father 
removed  when  he  was  a  lad  to  Ainherst,  Massachu 
setts;  received  a  classical  education,  entering  Wil 
liams  College  in  1800,  but  graduating  at  Brown 
University  in  1804;  studied  law  with  Hon.  S.  F. 
Dickinson  of  Amherst;  removed  to  Bangor,  Maine, 
in  1807;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice;  was  State  attorney  for  Hancock  County 
1808-1815;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of 
Massachusetts  (Maine  then  being  a  part  of  the  Com 
monwealth)  1816-1820;  was  a  member  of  the  first 
Senate  of  Maine  under  its  State  Constitution  in 

1820,  and,  as  its  president,  became  (on  the  resigna 
tion  of  Governor  King)  governor ;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative   from  Maine  in  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress   as   a  Democrat,   serving  from   December   3, 

1821,  until  March  3,  1823;  was  judge  of  probate  1827- 
1840,  bank  commissioner  1838-1841,   and  president 
of  the  Bangor  Bank;    died  at  Bangor,  Maine,  May 
27,  1846.     He  published  a  "  History  of  Maine  "  in 
two  large  octavo  volumes,  and  was  a  contributor  to 
different  periodicals. 

Willie,  Asa  H.,  was  born  at  Washington,  Geor 
gia,  October  11,  1829,  and.  was  educated  at  the 
academy  there;  removed  to  Washington  County, 
Texas,  in  February,  1846,  and  commenced  the  study 
of  law;  was  relieved  of  the  disability  of  nonage  by 
the  legislature  of  Texas,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1848,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  law;  was  elect 
ed  in  1852  district-attorney  of  the  Third  Judicial 
District  of  Texas;  held  that  office  until  October, 
1854,  and  declined  a  re-election;  served  in  General 
Grigg's  brigade  of  the  Confederate  army  during  the 
late  war;  was  elected  by  the  people  in  1866  one  of 
the  judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Texas,  and  held 
that  office  until  October,  1867,  when  he  was  removed 
liy  the  military  authorities ;  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  Texas  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  from 
the  State  at  large  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  70,186 
votes  against  47,544  votes  for  L.  D.  Evans,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1875.  • 

Willing,  Thomas,  was  born  at  Philadelphia 
December  20,  1741;  received  a  classical  education, 
vhich  was  completed  at  London,  where  he  read  law 
in  the  Temple;  returning  home,  he  engaged  in  mer 
cantile  pursuits,  and  became  the  head  of  the  firm 
of  Willing  &  Morris,  purchasing  agents  of  military 
stores  for  the  Continental  Congress ;  was  mayor  of 
Philadelphia;  was  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court; 
was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  House  of  Represen 
tatives  ;  was  a  delegate  to,  and  president  of,  the  Pro 
visional  Congress ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1775-1776;  was  the  president  of  the  Bank 
of  North  America,  the  oldest  bank  in  the  United 
States,  chartered  by  Congress  in  1781 ;  died  at  Phila 
delphia  January  19,  1821. 

Willis,  Albert  S.,  was  born  in  Shelby  County, 
Kentucky,  January  22,  1843;  received  his  early  edu 


cation  in  common  schools,  and  graduated  at  the 
Louisville  Male  High  School  in  1860;  taught  school 
for  four  years;  studied  law,  and  graduated  at  the 
Louisville  Law  School  in  1866,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  at  Louisville;  canvassed  the  State  on  the  Demo 
cratic  electoral  ticket  in  1872;  was  elected  attorney 
for  Jefferson  County  in  1870;  was  re-elected  in  1874, 
and  served  until  he  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  15,046  votes 
against  5,567  votes  for  Walter  Evans,  Republican, 
serving  from  October  15,  1877. 


1861 ;  studied  law  at  the  National  Law  School,  Pough- 
keepsie,  and  with  William  M.  Ingraham,  Esq.,  at 
Brooklyn;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861;  com 
menced  practice,  and  continued  until  June,  1862, 
when  he  entered  the  Union  army;  was  captain  and 
afterwards  major  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Nine 
teenth  Regiment  New- York  State  Volunteers,  and 
subsequently  colonel  of  the  Twelfth  Regiment  New- 
York  State  Volunteers,  participating  in  the  battles 
of  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Wauhatchee,  and 
Chattanooga;  resumed  practice  in  1864;  had  never 
held  public  office  when  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Liberal 
Republican,  indorsed  by  the  Democrats,  receiving 
10,354  votes  against  8,036  votes  for  Isaac  II.  Bailey, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,519  votes  against 
12,092  votes  for  Levi  P.  Morton,  Republican,  serving 
from  December  6,  1875. 

Willis,  Francis,  was  born  in  Frederick  County, 
Virginia,  January  5,  1725;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Georgia  in  1784;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  Second  Con 
gress,  serving  from  October  24,  1791,  to  March  2, 
1793 ;  removed  in  1814  to  Maury  County,  Tennessee ; 
died  there  January  25,  1829. 

Willits,  Edwin,  was  born  at  Otto,  Cattaraugus 
County,  New  York,  April  24,  1830;  removed  to 
Michigan  in  September,  1836;  graduated  at  the 
Michigan  University  in  June,  1855;  located  at  Mon 
roe  in  April,  1856 ;  studied  law  with  Senator  I.  P. 
Christiancy;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December, 
1857;  practised  law  at  Monroe;  was  elected  prosecut- 
ing-attorney  of  Monroe  County  in  1860,  and  held  the 
office  till  December  31,  1862;  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  in  1860;  was  re- 
elected  in  1866,  holding  the  position  twelve  years; 
was  on  the  commission  to  revise  the  Constitution  of 
the  State  in  1873 ;  was  appointed  postmaster  of  Mon 
roe,  January  1,  1863,  by  Abraham  Lincoln,  and 
was  removed  by  Andrew  Johnson  October  15,  1866; 
was  editor  of  "The  Monroe  Commercial"  from 
1856  to  1861 ;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  19,211  votes  against  17,024 
votes  for  John  J.  Robison,  Democrat,  Granger,  and 
Greenbacker,  serving  from  October  15,  1877. 

Willoughby,  Westel,  jun.,  resided  at  New 
port,  Herkimer  County,  New  York ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (having  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  William  S.  Smith)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  13,  1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Wilmot,  David,  was  born  at  Bethany,  Pennsyl 
vania,  January  20,  1814;  received  an  academical  edu 
cation;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Towanda;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  presiding 
judge  of  the  Thirteenth  Judicial  District  1853-1861; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Republican  Conven 
tion  in  1856;  was  defeated  as  the  Republican  candi 
date  for  governor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1857,  receiving 
146,136  votes  against  188,887  votes  for  W.  F.  Packer, 
Democrat ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Repub- 


704 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


lican  Convention  at  Chicago  in  1860;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Pennsylvania  as  a  Re 
publican  (in  place  of  Simon  Cameron,  resigned), 
serving  from  March  18,  1831,  to  March  3,  186:3;  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  judge  of  the 
United-States  Court  of  Claims  in  1863;  died  at  To- 
wanda,  Pennsylvania,  March  16,  1868. 

Wilshire,' William  WM  was  born  September 
8,  18:50,  in  Gallatin  County,  Illinois;  was  educated 
in  common  schools  at  Rock  Island ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  1859;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  1802  as  major  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty-Sixth  Illinois  Infantry;  served  until  the  close 
of  the  war,  when  he  located  at  Little  Rock,  Arkan 
sas,  as  a  lawyer;  was  appointed  in  1867  solicitor- 
general  of  the  State ;  was  appointed,  in  July,  1868, 
chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court;  resigned  in 
February,  1871,  and  returned  to  the  bar;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the  Forty-third 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,644  votes 
against  11,499  votes  for  Thomas  M.  Gunter,  Demo 
crat,  but  his  seat  was  contested,  and  was  given  to  his 
opponent,  T.  M.  Gunter,  June  16,  1874;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Conserva 
tive,  receiving  11,733  votes  against  6,338  votes  for 
William  J.  Hynes,  Republican,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Wilson,  Alexander,  was  born  in  Virginia; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  a  colonel  of  militia;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Virginia  in  the  Eighth  Congress  (in  place  of 
Andrew  Moore,  appointed  senator) ;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  4,  1834,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Wilson,  Benjamin,  was  born  in  Harrison 
County,  Virginia  (now  West  Virginia),  April  30, 
1825 ;  was  educated  at  the  North-western  Virginia 
Academy  at  Clarksburg;  attended  the  law-school  at 
Staunton;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  has 
since  practised;  was  Commonwealth's  attorney  for 
Harrison  County  1852-1860;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  Virginia  in  1861 ; 
was  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  for 
the  State  at  large  in  1868;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  West  Virginia  in 
1871;  was  one  of  the  delegates  from  the  State  at 
large  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at  Bal 
timore  in  1872;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
West  Virginia  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  12,799  votes  against  12,631  votes 
for  Nathan  Goff,  jun.,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  17,902  votes  against 
16,067  votes  for  Charles  F.  Scott,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1875. 

Wilson,  Edgar  C.  (son  of  Thomas  Wilson), 
was  born  at  Morgantowu,  Virginia;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  1,304  votes  against 
798  votes  for  W.  S.  Morgan,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  at  Morgan- 
town,  Virginia,  in  May,  1860. 

Wilson,  Ephraim  K.  (father  of  E.  K.  Wil 
son),  of  Snow  Hill,  Maryland,  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Twentieth  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1S31. 

Wilson,  Ephraim  K.  (son  of  E.  K.  Wilson), 
was  born  December  22,  1821,  at  Snow  Hill,  Mary 
land;  was  educated  at  Union  Academy  and  Wash 
ington  Academy,  Maryland,  and  graduated  at  Jeffer 
son  College,  Pennsylvania,  in  August,  1841;  studied 
law  at  Snow  Hill,  and  practised  his  profession  in  his 
native  State  from  1848  to  1868;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Delegates  of  the  legislature  of  the  State  of 
Maryland  in  1847;  was  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Pierce  and  King  ticket  in  1852;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  12,464  votes  against  11,286 
votes  for  T.  A.  Spence,  Independent,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 


"Wilson,  Eugene  M.  (son  of  E.  C.  Wilson,  and 
grandson  of  Thomas  Wilson),  was  born  in  Morgan 
County,  Virginia,  December  25, 1833;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Jefferson  College  in 
1852;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  in 
1855;  was  United-States  attorney  for  the  district  cf 
Minnesota  1857-1861 ;  served  in  the  Union  army  as 
captain  in  the  First  Minnesota  Infantry ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Minnesota  in  the  Forty-first 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,506  votes 
against  11,229  votes  for  I.  Donelly,  Republican,  and 
8,596  votes  for  Andrews,  Republican,  serving  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871. 

W^ilson,  Henry,  was  born  in  Dauphin  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1778;  settled  at  Allentown;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Eighteenth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1823, 
until  May  22,  1826;  died  at  Allentown,  Pennsylva 
nia,  August  13,  1826. 

"Wilson,  Henry,  was  born  at  Farmington,  New 
Hampshire,  February  16,  1812;  his  parents  were 
named  Colbath,  and  his  name  was  Jeremiah  Jones 
Colbath  until  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age,  when, 
by  an  act  of  the  legislature,  he  had  it  changed  to 
Henry  Wilson;  he  worked  on  a  farm,  attending 
public  schools,  and  enjoyed  the  use  of  a  large  library 
belonging  to  a  lawyer  in  the  vicinity ;  in  December, 
1833,  he  walked  to  Natick,  Massachusetts,  where  he 
learned  the  trade  of  shoemaking,  and  earned  suffi 
cient  money  to  defray  his  expenses  for  a  time  at 
Concord  Academy;  was  introduced  at  Whig  meet 
ings  in  1840  as  "the  Natick  Cobbler;"  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  or 
Senate  in  1841,  1842,  1844,  1845,  1846,  1850,  1851, 
and  1852,  presiding  over  the  Senate  the  last  two 
years ;  was  in  1848  a  delegate  to  the  National  Whig 
Convention  at  Philadelphia,  and  withdrew;  was  in 
1851  a  delegate  to  the  Free  Democratic  National 
Convention  at  Pittsburg,  and  its  president;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Free-soil  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1852,  receiving  4,319  votes  against  4,411  votes  for 
Tappan  Wentworth,  Whig;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1853;  was  defeated  in 
1853  as  the  Free-soil  candidate  for  governor;  was  in 
1855  a  delegate  to  the  National  American  Convention 
at  Philadelphia,  and  withdrew ;  was  elected,  by  a 
coalition  of  Free-Soilers,  Americans,  and  Democrats, 
a  United-States  senator  from  Massachusetts;  and 
was  three  times  re-elected,  serving  from  February  10, 
1855,  until  he  resigned  March  3,  1873;  from  1840  to 
1851  he  was  connected  with  the  State  uniformed 
volunteers  as  major,  colonel,  and  brigadier-general; 
in  1861  he  raised,  and  for  a  time  commanded,  the 
Twenty-second  Regiment  of  Massachusetts  Volun 
teers,  and,  while  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  was 
appointed  an  aide-de-camp  to  General  McClellan; 
was  elected  Vice-President  of  the  United  States  in 
1872,  receiving  286  electoral  votes  against  68  electoral 
votes  cast  for  other  candidates;  was  inaugurated  as 
president  of  the  Senate  March  4,  1873;  died  in  the 
Capital  at  Washington  City  November  22,  1875.  He 
published  "A  History  of  the  Antislavery  Measures 
of  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  United- 
States  Congresses  1860  to  1864,"  "Military  Measures 
of  the  United-States  Congress,"  "Testimonials  of 
American  Statesmen  and  Jurists  to  the  Truths  of 
Christianity,"  "History  of  the  Reconstruction  Meas 
ures  of  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  1865- 
1868,"  "A  History  of  the  Rise  and  Fall  of  Slavery 
in  the  United  States,"  and  "  History  of  the  Part  which 
Congress  played  in  the  War  to  suppress  the  Rebel 
lion." 

Wilson,  Isaac,  resided  in  Genesee  County,  New- 
York;  distinguished  himself  in  the  war  of  1812  as 
captain  of  a  cavalry  company  which  was  in  some  of 
the  hardest-fought  battles  on  the  Canadian  frontier; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
1816-1817,  and  of  the  State  Senate  1818-1821;  waa 


STATISTICAL    SKETCHES. 


'05 


elected  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  182:3,  to 
January  17,  1824,  when,  his  election  having  been 
successfully  contested  by  Parmenio  Adams,  he  with 
drew  from  the  House;  was  appointed  first  judge  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Genesee  County, 
serving  from  February  2,  1830,  to  February  1,  1835; 
removed  to  Batavia,  Illinois,  where  he  died  October 
25,  1848. 

Wilson,  James,  was  born  near  St.  Andrew's, 
Scotland,  in  1742;  received  a  collegiate  education  at 
Edinburgh;  immigrated  to  Philadelphia;  was  a  tutor 
in  the  Philadelphia  College;  studied  law  with  John 
Dickinson;  was  admitted  to  tire  bar  in  1708;  prac 
tised  at  Reading,  at  Carlisle,  at  Annapolis,  and  then 
at  Philadelphia;  was  active  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  conventions  held 
iu  1774  and  1775;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1778,  1782-1783, 
and  1785-1787;  was  counsel  for  the  French  Govern 
ment  1779-1783,  receiving  a  fee  of  ten  thousand 
livres;  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  con 
vention  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention  which  adopted 
the  Federal  Constitution;  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  John  Adams,  in  September,  1781),  a  justice  cf 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States;  in  1790 was 
appointed  professor  of  law  in  the  University  of  Penn 
sylvania;  died  at  Edenton,  North  Carolina,  August 
28,  1798.  He  published  "An  Address  to  the  Citi 
zens  of  Philadelphia"  1784,  "Commentaries  on  the 
Constitution,"  with  Thomas  McKean,  London,  1792; 
and  his  "Works"  (in  three  volumes)  were  published 
after  his  death,  in  1804. 

Wilson,  James,  was  born  in  Ayrshire,  Scot 
land,  August  16,  1835;  came  to  America  in  1851;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  became  a  farmer  in 
Iowa;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  of  Iowa 
from  1867  to  1873,  and  was  speaker  of  the  House  the 
last  two  sessions;  is  a  regent  of  the  State  University 
of  Iowa;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Iowa  in 
the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
15,531  votes  against  7,434  votes  for  J.  B.  Irish,  Dem 
ocrat  and  Liberal ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,724  votes 
against  7,481  votes  for  Wilkinson,  anti-Monopolist, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  Mar«h  3,  1877. 

Wilson,  James,  was  born  in  1757;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  Univer 
sity  in  1789;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Kcene,  New  Hampshire; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire 
in  the  Eleventh  Congress  as  a  Federalist,  serving 
from  May  22,  1809,  to  March  3,  1811 ;  died  at  Keene, 
Xew  Hampshire,  January  4,  1839. 

Wilson,  James,  was  born  at  Fairfield,  Pennsyl 
vania,  April  28,  1779;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  apprenticed  to  a  cabinet-maker,  and 
learned  his  trade;  settled  at  Fairfield;  was  a  justice 
of  the  peace  1811-1822;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  and 
Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  1, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1829;  was  again  a  justice  of  the 
peace  1830-1859;  died  at  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania, 
in  July,  1868. 

Wilson,  James,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire ; 
received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  Middle- 
bury  College  in  1820;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Keene ;  was  for 
some  years  a  member  cf  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  and  its  speaker  in  1828;  was  a  general  of 
militia ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
Hampshire  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
receiving  5,926  votes  against  5,086  votes  for  Moulton, 
Democrat,  and  555  votes  Abolition  and  scattering;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  receiving  7,766 
votes  against  3,778  votes  for  Vose,  Democrat,  and  1^ 
scattering,  serving  from  December  6,  1847,  to  Septem- 
bor  9, 1850,  when  he  resigned ;  removed  to  California. 


Wilson,  James,  was  born  at  Crav.-fordsville, 
Indiana,  April  9, 1822 ;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Wabash  College  in  1842;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Crawfordsville,  Indiana;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  a  private  in  a  regiment  of  Indiana 
volunteer  infantry  ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Indiana  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Re 
publican,  receiving  11,302  votes  against  11,072  votes 
for  Voorhees,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  11,028  votes  against 
10,387  votes  for  T.  W.  Blake,  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861 ;  was  appointed 
by  President  Johnson  minister  to  Venezuela,  serv 
ing  from  May  31,  18C6,  until  he  died  at  his  post 
August  8,  1867. 

Wilson,  Jr.mes  F.,  was  born  at  Newark,  Ohio, 
October  19,  1828;  received  an  academical  education; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  its  practice  in  Iowa; 
was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of 
Iowa  in  1856;  was  a  member  cf  the  State  legislature 
in  1857,  1859,  1861,  serving  the  last  year  as  president 
of  the  Senate;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Iowa  for  the  unexpirod  term  of  S.  R.  Curtis ;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  12,7(,5  votes  against  10,486  votes  for 
Hornish,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  10,977  votes  against  9,078 
votes  for  Hornish,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Union  Republican,  receiving 
16,406  votes  against  10,515  votes  for  Warren,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  2,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1869. 

Wilson,  James  J.,  was  born  in  Essex  County, 
New  Jersey,  in  1775;  received  a  good  English  edu 
cation  ;  was  for  many  years  clerk  cf  the  State  House 
of  Representatives;  was  the  editor  cf  "The  True 
American"  at  Trenton;  was  adjutant-general  of  the 
State  "of  New  Jersey;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  New  Jersey  as  a  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  1821,  when  he  resigned; 
was  appointed  by  President  Monroe  postmaster  at 
Trenton,  New  Jersey,  in  the  place  cf  Charles  lace; 
was  a  member  cf  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1822;  was  seriously  injured  in  December,  1822, 
by  imagining,  in  a  fit  cf  delirium,  that  his  house  was 
on  fire,  and  throwing  himself  frcm  a  second-story 
window;  died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  July  28,  1824. 

Wilson,  Jeremiah  M.,  was  born  in  Warren 
County,  Ohio,  November  15,  1828;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  from  1860  to 
1865,  when  he  resigned;  was  elected  judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court  in  October,  1865,  which  position  he 
held  when  elected  a  representative  from  Indiana  in 
the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
12,561  votes  against  12,557  votes  for  D.  S.  Gooding, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  14,499  votes  against  14,119  votes  for 
Gooding,  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Wilson,  John,  was  born  in  1777;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  University 
in  1799;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Belfast,  Maine ;  was  elected  a 
representative  frcm  the  Maine  District  of  Massachu 
setts  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist, 
serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March  2,  1815;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  January  26,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819;  died  at 
Belfast,  Maine,  July  9,  1848. 

W  ilson,  John,  was  born  in  York  District,  South 
Carolina;  resided  at  Golden  Grove;  was  elected  a  rep 
resentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  serving  frcm 
December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1827;  was  defeated  as 
a  candidate  for  the  Twentieth  Congress  by  Warren 
R.  Davis,  who  received  25  majority. 

Wilson,  John  T.,  was  born  in  Highland  Coun 
ty,  Ohio,  April  16,  1811;  received  a  public-school 


TOG 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


education;  was  engaged  during  twenty-four  years 
in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  then  retired  to  a  farm; 
ni:-e,l  a  company  for  the  Union  army  in  1801,  and 
served  as  its  captain;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Ohio  in  1803,  1864,  1805,  and  18UO;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Fortieth 
Congress  ;:s  a  Republican,  receiving  12,783  votes 
ag;inst  !>.945  votes  for  Moore,  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  13,031 
votes  against  11.502  voles  for  Sands,  Democrat;  was 
r  '-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  11,324  votes  against  10,249  votes  for 
R.  Leete,  Democrat,  serving  from' March  4,  1807,  to 
March  3.  1873. 

Wilson,  Nathan,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  Xew  York;  resided  at  Salem;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Xew  York  in  the  Tenth  Congress 
(in  place  of  David  Thomas,  resigned),  serving  from 
November  7,  1808,  to  March  3,  18J0. 

Wilson,  Robert,  resided  at  St.  Joseph,  Mis 
souri;  was  appointed  a  United-States  senator  from 
Missouri  (in  place  of  Waldo  Porter  Johnson,  ex- 
pelli-d)  as  a  Unionist,  serving  from  January  24, 1802, 
to  December  14,  1803,  when  B.  Gratz  Brown,  who 
had  been  elected  Mr.  Johnson's  successor,  took  his 
seat. 

Wilson,  Stephen  F.,  was  born  at  Columbia, 
Pennsylvania,  September  4,  1821;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  was  a  teacher;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law  ;  was  assessor;  was  school-director  six 
years;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1803, 
"isi'4,  and  1805,  serving  one  session  after  he  had  been 
elected  to  Congress;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Repub 
lican  National  Convention  at  Baltimore  in  1804;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  receiving  11,533  votes  against 
10,081  votes  for  Theodore  Wright,  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  14,734  votes  against  12,088  votes  for  Wright, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  4,  1805,  to  March 
3,  1809. 

Wilson,  Thomas  (father  of  E.  C.  Wilson,  and 
grandfather  of  E.  M.  Wilson),  was  born  in  Virginia; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Twelfth  C  mgress  as  a  Federalist,  defeating  Benja 
min  Recder,  Democrat,  serving  from  November  4, 
1811.  to  Marc1!  3.  1813;  died  January  24,  1830. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  was  born  in  1772 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Four- 
t  'en  th  Congress,  serving  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March 
3,  1817;  died  at  Erie,  Pennsylvania,  October  4,  1824. 

Wilson,  William,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and 
was  ni-elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  serving 
from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1819. 

Wilson,  William,  was  born  in  Hillsborough 
County,  New  Hampshire;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Ohio,  and  located  at  Newark: 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Eigh 
teenth  Congress,  receiving  a  majority  of  1,029  votes; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving 
fr.mi  December  1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1827;  died  at 
Newark.  Xew  Hampshire,  of  illness  contracted  at 
Washington  City,  May  29,  1827. 

Winans,  James'  January,  was  born  at  Mays- 
ville.  Kentucky.  June  7,  1818;  had  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law  in  Kentucky,  and  practised 
a*  X'-nia,  Ohio;  was  appointed  clerk  of  the  courts 
of  Greene  County  in  June,  1845;  was  elected  to  the 
S:ate  Senate  in  1S57.  and  to  the  State  House  in  1803; 
was  appointed  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
in  l-il,  and  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  in  the  same 
year,  and  was  re-elected  for  the  full  term  of  five 
years  in  IsiiO;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
l:!.'.»78  votes  against  13,873  votes  for  Thomas,  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1871. 
Winchester,  Boyd,  was  born  in  the  parish  of 


Ascension,  Louisiana,  September  23,  1836;  educated 
at  Centre  College,  Danville,  Kentucky,  and  at  the 
University  of  Virginia  at  Charlottesville;  graduated 
at  the  Law  University  of  Louisville,  Kentucky,  in 
1857,  and  commenced  practice  at  Louisville:  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Kentucky  in  August, 
1807:  was  nominated  district-elector  on  the  Seymour 
presidential  ticket  in  1808;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  Kentucky  in  the  Forty-first  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  receiving  10,599  votes  against  5.420  votes 
for  j.  Speed.  Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1809, 
to  March  3,  1873. 

W'indom,  William,  was  born  in  Belmont 
County.  Ohio,  May  10,  1827;  received  an  academic 
education;  stxidied  law  at  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio; 
practised  his  profession  iu  that  State  and  in  Minne 
sota  until  1859;  was  elected  prosecuting-attorney  for 
Knox  County  in  1852;  removed  to  Minnesota  in 
1855;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Minnesota 
in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  re 
ceiving  21,010  votes  against  17,417  votes  for  Graham, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
_ress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
receiving  8,003  votes  against  6,423  votes  for  Chatfield, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  13,905  votes  against  9,092  votes  for 
Lambert  on,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  receiving  13,901  votes  against  8,021  votes 
for  Jones,  Democrat;  was  appointed  by  the  governor 
of  Minnesota  in  July,  1870,  to  fill  the  \mexpired 
term  of  Hon.  Daniel  S.  Norton,  deceased,  in  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States,  was  elected  a  United- 
States  senator  as  a  Republican,  and  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1871.  His  term  of  service  expired  March 
3,  187J. 

Winfield,  Charles  H.,  was  born  at  Crawford, 
New  York,  April  22,  1822;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1840,  and  commenced  practice  at  Goshen,  New 
York;  was  district-attorney  for  Orange  County  1850- 
1856 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiv 
ing  9,320  votes  against  7,572  votes  for  Fullerton, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  receiving  9,970  votes  against  9,730  votes  for 
Murray,  Republican,  serving  from  December  7,  1803, 
to  March  3,  1807. 

Wing,  Austin  E.,  was  born  in  Hampshire  Coun 
ty,  Massachusetts,  in  1791;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  Michigan,  and  was  one  of 
the  first  English  settlers  at  Detroit;  was  elected  a 
delegate  from  Michigan  Territory  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress:  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829; 
removed  to  Monroe,  where  he  held  several  local 
offices;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  5,  1831,  to  March  2, 
1833;  after  the  admission  of  Michigan  as  a  State, 
was  United-States  marshal  for  that  district;  died  at 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  August  25,  1849. 

Wlngate,  Joseph  F.,  was  born  in  the  Maine 
Disti'ict  of  Massachusetts;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  trained  for  business  pursuits,  and 
became  a  merchant  at  Bath,  Maine ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1818-1819; 
was  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Bath  1820- 
1824;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maine  in 
the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from 
December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1831. 

Wingate,  Paine,  was  born  at  Amesbury,  Mas 
sachusetts.  May  14,  1739;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1759,  and 
studied  theology;  was  ordained  as  minister  of  the 
Congregational  Church  at  Hampton  Falls,  New 
Hampshire,  December  14,  1703,  and  preached  there 
until  he  was  dismissed  March  18,  1781;  removed  to 
Stratham,  New  Hampshire,  and  became  a  farmer; 
was  elected  to  the  House  of  Representatives  of  New 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


Hampshire ;  was  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  was  elected  a 
United-Stages  senator  from  Xcw  Hampshire,  serving 
from  March  4,  1769,  to  March  2,  1793;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Third 
Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1703,  to  March 
3,  1795;  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  Superior  Court 
of  New  Hampshire,  serving  1798-1 809;  died  at  Strath- 
am,  New  Hampshire,  March  7,  1838. 

Winslow,  "Warren,  was  born  at  Fayetteville, 
North  Carolina,  January  1.  1810:  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Chapel-Hill  University  in 
1827;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practised  at  Fayetteville;  was  appointed  in  1854,  by 
President  Pierce,  a  confidential  agent  to  Madrid, 
bearing  despatches  concerning  "  The  Black  Warrior" 
difficulty;  during  his  absence  he  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate;  after  his  return  he  was 
elected  speaker  of  that  body,  and,  as  such,  he  became 
acting  governor  when  Governor  Reid  was  elected  to 
the  United-States  Senate ;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,929  votes  against 
4,853  votes  for  Reid,  American;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  0,338  votes 
against  1,487  votes  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  4,180  votes  against 
949  votes  for  McDufiie,  Independent  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1801;  died 
at  Fayetteville,  North  Carolina,  June  11,  1803. 

Winston,  John  Anthony,  was  governor  of 
the  State  of  Alabama  1853-1857 ;  was  elected  to  the 
United-States  Senate  by  the  legislature  of  Alabama 
in  1805  for  six  years,  commencing  March  4,  1807; 
and  his  credentials  were  presented  January  30,  1807, 
but  he  was  not  admitted  to  a  seat. 

^Winston,  Joseph,  was  born  in  Virginia  in 
1740 ;  was  distinguished  for  gallantry  in  the  frontier 
war  with  the  Indians;  removed  to  Stokes  County, 
North  Carolina,  in  1700  ;  served  in  the  campaign 
against  the  Cherokee  Indians;  was  major  of  a 
Revolutionary  regiment  raised  to  suppress  the 
Tories ;  commanded  the  right  wing  at  the  battle  of 
King's  Mountain  in  October,  1780,  and  had  a  sword 
voted  to  him  by  the  legislature  of  North  Carolina 
for  his  bravery  there;  was  State  senator  in  1790, 
1791,  1802,  1807,  and  1812;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Third  Congress, 
serving  from  December  2,  1793,  until  March  3,  1795; 
was  again  elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  serving^from  October 
17,  1803,  until  March  3,  1807;  died  near  German- 
town,  North  Carolina,  in  1814. 

Winter,  Elisha  J.,  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist,  serving  from  May  24,  1813.  to  March  2,  1815. 

Winthrop,  Robert  Charles,  was  born  at 
Boston,  Massachusetts,  May  12,  1809;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Harvard  College 
in  1828;  studied  law  with  Daniel  Webster;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at  Boston;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1835- 
1840,  serving  the  last  three  years  as  speaker;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (in  place  of  Abbott  Lawrence, 
resigned)  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  from  December  7,  1840, 
to  May  25, 1842,  when  he  resigned;  was  subsequently 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (in  place 
of  Nathan  Appleton,  resigned) ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thir 
tieth  Congress,  receiving  5,980  votes  against  I,0fe8 
votes  for  Homer,  Democrat,  and  1084  votes  Abolition 
and  scattering;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  receiving  7,720  votes  against  2,330  votes  for 
Sutnner,  Democrat,  and  1,400  votes  for  Hallett, 
('ass  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1842,  to 
July  30,  1850,  when,  having  been  appointed  a 
United-States  senator  from  Massachusetts  (in  place 


of  Daniel  Webster,  resigned),  he  took  his  seat  in 
the  Senate,  serving  to  February  7,  1851,  when  the 
successor  to  Mr.  Webster  took  his  seat;  wr.s  speaker 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  during  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  and  a  part  of  the  Thirty-first  Congress; 
is  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Soci 
ety,  a  trustee  of  the  Peabody  Educational  Fund, 
and  a  member  of  other  literary,  religious,  and 
philanthropic  associations.  He  published  "Ad 
dresses  and  Speeches"  1852  and  1857,  "  Memoir  of 
Nathan  Appleton  "  1801,  "  Life  and  Letters  of  John 
Winthrop"  (two  volumes)  1807,  and  a  number  of 
public  addresses". 

Wirt,  William,  was  born  at  Bladcnsbunr, 
Maryland  (where  his  father  kept  a  hotel,  at  which 
^Vashington  was  a  frequent  guest),  November  8, 
1782;  received  a  classical  education;  was  a  private 
tutor;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1702, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Culpepper  Court  House, 
Virginia;  was  clerk  of  the  House  of  Delegates  17!;4- 
1802;  was  elected  chancellor  of  the  Eastern  District 
of  Virginia  in  1802,  but  resigned  in  1804,  and  sell  led 
at  Norfolk,  where  he  resumed  practice;  moved  back 
to  Richmond  in  1SOO;  was  elected  to  the  Virginia 
House  of  Delegates  in  1807;  was  appointed  United- 
States  district-attorney  for  Virginia  by  President 
Madison  in  1810;  was  appointed  attorney-general 
of  the  United  States  by  President  Monroe  Decem 
ber  15,  1817,  and  re-appointed  by  President  Adams 
March  4,  1825,  serving  through  the  administra 
tion,  and  leaving  behind  him  three  volumes  of  of 
ficial  opinions;  removed  to  Baltimore  in  1830;  was 
the  biographer  of  Patrick  Henry,  and  wrote  several 
other  popular  books;  was  nominated  for  the  presi 
dency  by  the  Baltimore  Anti-Masonic  Convention  in 
1832,  and  received  seven  electoral  votes;  died  at 
Washington  City  February  18,  1834.  He  published 
"The  British  Spy"  (a  series  of  descriptive  letters 
which  originally  appeared  in  "  The  Richmond  Ar 
gus"),  "The  Life  of  Patrick  Henry,"  and  a  large 
number  of  essays  which  appeared  in  the  Richmond 
newspapers.  His  "Life,"  by  J.  P.  Kennedy,  was 
published  in  1849. 

Wise,  Henry  Alexander,  was  born  at  Drum- 
mond  Town,  Virginia,  December  3,  1800;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Washington  Col 
lege,  Pennsylvania,  in  1825;  studied  law;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  at  Winchester,  Virginia,  in  1828,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  return 
ing  in  1830  to  his  native  county  of  Accomack,  Vir 
ginia,  where  he  afterwards  practised;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Virginia  in  the  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  as  a  Jackson  Democrat; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  as  a  Whig;  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Tyler  Demo 
crat,  defeating  Hill  Carter,  Whig,  serving  from 
December  2,  1833,  to  February  18,  1844,  when  he 
resigned  to  accept  the  mission  to  Brazil ;  while  a 
member  of  the  House,  he  mortally  wounded  Richard 
Coke  of  Virginia,  who  had  been  his  opponent,  in  a 
duel,  February  17,  1830;  was  instrumental  in  bring 
ing  about  the  Graves-Cillcy  duel,  in  which  Cilky 
was  shot  dead  in  LSJ8,  and  assaulted  Edward  Stanley 
on  the  floor  of  the  House  in  1843;  was  appointed  by 
President  Tyler  minister  to  Brazil,  serving  February 
8,  1844-August  28,  1847;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Cass  and  Butler  ticket  in  1848;  was  a  delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in  1850;  was 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket 
in  1852;  was  governor  of  the  State  of  Virginia  185G- 
1800;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Secession  Conven 
tion  of  February,  1801;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  as  colonel  of  Wise's  Legion;  was  appointed, 
June  5,  1801,  a  brigadier-general,  and  assigned  to 
the  command  of  a  brigade  composed  of  four  Virginia 
regiments  of  infantry  and  two  light  batteries;  was 
defeated  at  the  battle  of  Gauley  Bridge  and  at  the 
battle  of  Roanoke  Island ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
at  Richmond,  Virginia ;  died  there  September  5, 1870. 


708 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Wisner,  Henry,  was  a  delegate  from  New  York 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776;  he  was  pres 
ent,  and  voted  for  independence,  hut  his  term  had 
expired  before  the  engrossed  parchment  copy  of  the 
Declaration  was  signed. 

Witch er,  John  S.,  was  horn  in  Cabell  County 
(then  in  Virginia,  now  West  Virginia)  July  15, 1839; 
was  brought'up  on  a  farm;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  in  1861  elected  clerk  of  the  Circuit 
Court  of  Cabell  County  under  the  restored  govern 
ment  of  Virginia,  and  served  some  six  months,  when 
he  resigned ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  second  lieu 
tenant,  and  rose  by  degrees,  serving  in  every  rank, 
to  that  of  colonel  of  his  regiment;  was  appointed 
brevet  brigadier-general  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
sen-ices  upon  the  field  during  the  Shenandoah-Val- 
ley  campaign  under  Sheridan  in  1864,  and  in  the 
final  campaign  around  Richmond  and  Petersburg, 
Virginia,  in  the  spring  of  1865,  especially  at  the 
tattle  of  Ford's  Station,  on  the  Southside  Railroad; 
was  mustered  out  of  the  United-States  service  on 
the  30th  of  June,  1865 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  legis 
lature  in  October,  1865;  was  elected  secretary  of  state 
of  West  Virginia  in  October,  I860,,  and  served  until 
March  4,  1869;  was  elected  a  director  of  the  Chesa 
peake  and  Ohio.  Railroad  in  the  fall  of  1868;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  West  Virginia  in  the 
Forty-first  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,214 
votes  against  4,805  votes  for  Moore,  Democrat,  serv 
ing  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  was  de 
feated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  receiving  7,180  votes  against  8,982 
votes  for  Frank  Hereford,  Democrat. 

Wltherell,  James,  was  born  in  Vermont ;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  1798- 
1803;  was  an  executive  councillor  1803-1807;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the  Tenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  October  26, 
18  >7.  to  May  1,.  1808,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
appointed  by  President  Jefferson  United-States  judge 
f  ,»r  the  Territory  of  Michigan,  where  he  resided  until 
his  death. 

Withers,  Robert  E.,  was  born  in  Campbell 
County,  Virginia,  September  18,  1821 ;  graduated  in 
the  medical  department  of  the  University  of  Virginia 
in  1841 ;  practised  his  profession  in  his  native  county 
until  1858,  when  he  removed  to  Danville,  Virginia, 
where  he  prosecuted  his  practice  until  the  commence 
ment  of  the  civil  war;  was  a  Whig  in  politics,  and  a 
Union  man  until  the  passage  of  the  ordinance  of 
secession  by  Virginia;,  entered,  the  Confederate  army 
as  major  of  infantry  in  April,  1861.  and  during  the 
same  year  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  Eighteenth 
Virginia  Regiment,  which  ho  commanded  until  re 
tired  in  consequence  of  numerous  disabling  wounds, 
and  appointed  to  command  the  post  at  Danville, 
Virginia,  which  position  he  held  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  removed  in  January,  1866,  to  Lynchburg, 
Virginia,  and  established  a  daily  political  paper  de- 
v ;ii I'd  to  the  interests  of  the  Conservative  party, 
which  he  continued  to  edit  until  1868,  when  he  was 
i."!!iinaled  for  governor  by  the  Conservative  Conven- 
tinn  at  Richmond,  and  canvassed  the  State  in  oppo 
sition  to  the  Underwood  Constitution,  which  the 
military  authorities  refused  to  submit  to  a  vote  of 
the  people;  in  1869  he  withdrew  in  favor  of  Gilbert 
C.  \Valker,  nominated  for  governor  by  the  Liberal 
Republicans;  he  was  appointed  elector  for  the  State 
at  large  on  the  Greeley  ticket  in  1872;  was  grand 
inast"M>l'  Freemasons  for  the  State  of  Virginia;  in 
1878  \\  as  Heeled  lieutenant -governor  as  a  Conserva 
tive,  receiving  27,646  majority  over  his  Republican 
competitor,  <;.  P.  Ramsdell;  was  elected  United- 
.Stuies  senator  from  Virginia  as  a  Conservative  (to 
lucceed  John  F.  Lewis,  Republican),  and1  took  his 
se;it  March  4,  1875.  His  term  of  service  will  expire 
March  :;.  issi. 

Witherspoon>   John,  was   born   at   Tester, 


Scotland,  February  5,  1*722;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  the  University  of  Edin 
burgh  in  1743;  studied  theology;  was  licensed  to 
preach,  and  settled  at  Beith;  espoused  the  cause  of 
the  Pretender,  and  commanded  a  company  at  the 
battle  of  Falkirk,  where  he  was  taken  prisoner;  was 
settled  in  1757  over  a  church  at  Paisley;  was  invited 
in  1767  to  the  presidency  of  Princeton  College,  New 
Jersey,  and  was  inaugurated  August  17,  1768;  took 
an  active  part  in  pro-Revolutionary  movements; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  New-Jersey  Convention  for 
framing  a  State  Constitution;  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1783; 
visited  England  in  1783-1784  to  collect  funds  for 
Princeton  College;  died  near  Princeton,  New  Jersey, 
November  15,  1794.  He  published  "Essays  on  Im 
portant  Subjects"  1764,  "Essay  on  Money"  1779, 
"The  Druid"  1781,  and  a  number  of  religious  and 
political  pamphlets.  His  works  were  published  in 
four  volumes  at  Philadelphia,  and  in  nine  volumes 
at  Edinburgh. 

Witherspoon,  Robert,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Eleventh  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  393  majority  over 
Gourdin,  Federalist,  serving  from  May  22,  1809,  to 
March  3,  1811. 

Witte,  William  Henry,  was  born  in  Morris 
County,  New  Jersey,  May  7,  1818,  but  removed  in 
early  life  to  Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania,  Avhere 
he  received  a  public-school  education ;  removed  in 
1840  to  Philadelphia,  where  he  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits,  and  the  improvement  of  real  estate  in  the 
suburbs ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  5,843  votes  against  4,546  votes  for  Lambert, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1855;  was  a  candidate  for  the  Democratic  nomina 
tion  for  governor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1857,  1860,  and 
1863,  but  was  defeated  each  year  by  a  few  votes; 
established  and  edited  "  The  Commonwealth,"  a 
weekly  Democratic  newspaper,  in  1874;  died  at 
Philadelphia  November  24, 1876. 

Wolcott*  Erastus  (brother  of  Oliver  Wolcott), 
was  born  at  Litchiield,  Connecticut,  September  21, 
1722;  served  as  brigadier-general  in  the  war  of  the 
Revolution;  was  a  judge  of'  the  State  Supreme  Court 
of  Connecticut;  was  chosen  a  delegate  from  Con 
necticut  to  the  Continental  Congress,  but  did  not 
serve;  died:  at  Litchh'eld,  Connecticut,  September  14, 
1793. 

Wolcott,  Oliver  (brother  of  Edgar  Wolcott), 
was  born  at  Windsor,  Connecticut,  November  26, 
1726;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Yale  College  in  1747 ;  marehed  to  the  defence  of  the 
northern  frontier  of  New  York  as  captain  of  a  volun 
teer  corps;  returned  to  Connecticut,  and  studied 
medicine  with  his  brother,  Dr.  Alexander  Wolcott ; 
was  appointed  the  first  sheriff  of  Litchfield  County 
in  1751 ;  was  an  assistant  executive  councillor  1774- 
1786;  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
and  of  the  Litchfield-county  Probate  Court;  was  a 
major-general  of  militia;  was  appointed  by  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  in  1775  one  of  the  commissioners 
to  secure  the  neutrality  of  the  Northern  Indian 
tribes;  was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  1775-1778  and  1780-1784,  serving 
during  a  portion  of  the  time  in  the  field,  and  espe 
cially  distinguishing  himself  at  the  battle  of  Sara 
toga;  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Connecticut  1786- 
1796;  was  governor  of  Connecticut  1796-1797;  died 
at  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  December  1,  1797. 

Wol£  George,,  was  born  at  Allen  Township, 
Northampton  County,  Pennsylvania,  August  12, 
1777;  received  a  classical-  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted!  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Easton,  Pennsylvania;  was  initiated  into  Freema- 
jSonry  in  Easton  Lodge,  No.  120;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (ki  place  of  Thomas  T.  Rogers,  resigned) 


STATISTICAL  SKETCHES. 


709 


as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from  December 
9,  1824,  to  March  -3,  1829;  was  appointed  first  comp 
troller  of  the  treasury  of  the  United  States,  serving 
June  18,  1830-February  23,  1838;  was  appointed  in 
1838 collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Philadelphia; 
died  at  Philadelphia  March  14,  1840. 

Wolf,  "William  P.,  was  born  in  Stark  County, 
Ohio,  December  1,  1833;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1850; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Tipton,  Iowa,  in  1859;  was  superintendent  of 
public  schools;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
in  180:3  and  1804;  entered  the  Union  army  as  cap 
tain  of  infantry  in  an  Iowa  regiment;  was  severely 
wounded  in  the  Tennessee  campaign;  was  appointed 
assistant  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  1805;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1807;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Iowa  in  the  Forty-lirst  Con 
gress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
William  Smyth),  serving  from  December  0,  1870,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

"Wolfe,  Simeon  K.,  was  born  in  Floyd  Coun 
ty,  Indiana,  February  14,  1824;  his  early  education 
was  good,  but  not  collegiate;  graduated  in  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Indiana  at  Bloom- 
ington  in  March,  1850,  and  has  since  been  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law;  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1853  for  James  Buchanan;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  of  Indiana  in  1800,  and  served  four  years; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Charleston  and  Baltimore 
Democratic  National  Conventions  in  1800;  was  colo 
nel  of  the  Indiana  militia  in  1801;  was  editor  and 
proprietor  of  "The  Corydon  Democrat"  from  1857 
to  1805;  was  a  candidate  for  presidential  elector  for 
the  State  at  large  on  the  McClellan  ticket  in  1834; 
removed  in  September,  1870,  from  Corydon  to  New 
Albany,  his  present  residence;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Indiana  in  the  Forty-third  Congress 
as  a  Democrat,  receiving  19,330  votes  against  18,052 
votes  for  D.  W.  Voyles,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1875. 

W^ood,  Abiel,  was  born  at  Wiscasset,  the  Maine 
District  of  Massachusetts,  in  1772;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  1837-1811;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  the  Maine  District  of  Massachusetts  in  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  as  a  Federalist  (defeating  Foot, 
War  Democrat),  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  to  March 
2,  1815;  was  again  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
House  of  Representatives  in  1810 ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Convention  which  framed  the  State  Constitution 
of  Maine  in  1819;  was  a  State  councillor  of  Maine  in 
1820  and  1821;  died  at  Belfast,  Maine,  November  2, 
1834.  , 

Wood,  Alan,  jun.,  was  born  at  Philadelphia 
July  0,  1834;  received  a  liberal  academic  education; 
is  largely  interested  in  the  manufacture  of  iron  at 
Conshohockeri  and  other  places ;  is  president  of  the 
First  National  Bank  of  Conshohocken ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  12,030  votes 
against  11,432  votes  for  Ephraim  L.  Acker,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  0,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Wood,  Amos  E.,  was  born  at  Ellisburg  Coun 
ty,  New  ifork,  in  1810;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation;  removed  with  his  father  in  1825  to  Portage 
County,  Ohio;  located  permanently  in  1833  on  a 
farm  in  Sandusky  County,  which  he  cleared  himself, 
and  on  which  he  resided  during  the  remainder  of  his 
life ;  was  for  two  years  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives,  and  for  one  year  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio 
in  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (to  Jill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Rudolphus  Dickinson  before  taking 
his  seat)  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  3, 
1849,  to  November  19,  1850,  when  he  died  at  Fort 
Wayne,  Indiana. 

"Wood,    Benjamin,  was    born  at  Shelby ville, 


Kentucky,  October  13, 1820 ;  received  a  public-school 
education;  removed  to  the  city  of  New  York;  pub 
lished  and  edited  "The  Daily  News;"  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  ia  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  5,892  votes  against 
4,585  votes  for  Williamson,  Republican,  and  G75  votes 
for  Savage,  Independent  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  7,828  votes 
against  4,5:35  votes  for  H.  Walbridgc,  "Republican, 
serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March"  3,  1805;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1800  and  1807. 

Wood,  Bradford  R.,  was  born  in  Connecti 
cut;  received  an  academical  education;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Albany,  New  York;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,058  votes  against  <i,lXJ7  votes 
for  Wheaton,  Whig,  and  98  votes  for  Barker,  Aboli 
tionist,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3, 
1847;  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  minister 
to  Denmark,  serving  March  22,  ISOl-Novembcr  18, 
1SG5. 

Wood,  Fernando,  was  born  of  Quaker  parent 
age  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  June  14,  1812;  his 
father  removed  to  New  York  in  1820,  where  he  after 
wards  resided ;  when  nineteen  years  of  age  he  com 
menced  business  as  a  shipping-merchant,  in  which 
occupation  he  was  entirely  successful,  retiring  with 
an  ample  fortune  in  1850;  was  three  times  elected 
mayor  of  New  York,  serving  in  that  ofice  during  Hie 
years  1855,  1850,  1857,  1801,  and  1802;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  21,730  votes 
against  20,833  votes  for  T.  Prescott  Hall,  Wing, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was 
again  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiv 
ing  8,170  votes  against  3,4f-8  votes  for  Duffy,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1805 ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as 
an  Independent  candidate  without  any  nomination, 
receiving  9,(x,5  votes  against  7,995  votes  for  Darling, 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con 
gress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  14,048  votes  against 
9,087  votes  for  Thomas,  Republican,  and  1,759  votes 
for  Savage,  Independent  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiving  15.030  votes 
against  3,708  votes  form.  Ellinger,  Republican,  and 
4/789  votes  for  W.  S.  Hillyer,  Young  Democrat  and 
Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,520  votes  against  9,041  votes  for 
W.  A.  Darling,  Republican ;  was  re-elected  to  the  For 
ty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  8,703  votes  against  0,428 
votes  for  John  Hardy,  Independent  Democrat,  and 
2,131  votes  for  Robert  S.  Newton,  Republican;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  14.280 
votes  against  8,217  votes  for  George  W.  De  Cunha, 
Republican,  serving  from  March  4,  1807. 

"Wood,  John,  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1810;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  ;  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits,  devoting  him 
self  chieily  to  the  manufacture  of  iron;  was  elected 
(against  his  wishes)  a  representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican, 
receiving  9,701  votes  against  7,209  votes  for  Jones, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March 
3,  1801. 

Wood,  John  J.,  was  born  in  Rockland  Coun 
ty,  New  York;  resided  at  Clarkstown;  wr.s  elected  a 
representative  from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth 
Congress  as  a  Jackson  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  3.  1S27,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Wood,  John  M.,  was  born  at  Minnisink,  New 
York,  November  17,  1813;  received  a  public-school 
(duration;  became  a  contractor  for  the  construction 
of  railroads  arid  other  public  works;  resided  at  Port 
land,  Maine;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Maine  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Repub 
lican,  receiving  9,227  votes  against  0,190  votes  for 
Samuel  Wells,  "Democrat ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 


710 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  11, 215  votes  against 
9.770  votes  for  J.  S.  Little,  Coalition,  serving  from 
December  3,  185.'),  to  March  3,  1859;  died  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  December  24,  18(34. 

Wood,  Joseph,  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1777-1779. 

Wood,  Silas,  was  born  in  Suffolk  County,  New 
York,  in  1709;  received  a  classical  education,  gradu 
ating  at  Princeton  College  in  1789;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Huntington;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nine 
teenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses,  serving  from 
December  G,  1819,  to  March  3,  1829;  died  at  Hun- 
tington.  New  York,  March  2,  1847.  He  published 
"A  History  of  Long  Island." 

Woodbridge,  Frederick  E.,  was  born  at  Ver- 
gennes,  Vermont,  August  29,  1818;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Vermont  in  1840;  studied  law  with  his 
father,  Hon.  E.  D.  Woodbridge;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  at  Vergennes ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1849,  1857, 
and  1858;  was  many  times  chosen  mayor  of  the  city 
of  Vergennes;  was  State  auditor  in  1850,  1851,  and 
1852;  was  prosecuting-attorney  in  1854,  1855,  1856, 
1857,  and  1858;  engaged  in  railroad  management, 
and  was  several  years  vice-president  and  the  active 
manager  of  the  Rutland  and  Washington  Railroad ; 
•vras  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  Vermont  in 
1800  and  1831,  and  in  1801  was  chosen  president  pro 
tempore  of  that  body;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Vermont  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  8,505  votes  against  3,480  votes 
fir  White,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  receiving  9,447  votes  against  3,071 
votes  for  Wells,  Democrat;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  receiving  10,508  votes  against 
3,030  votes  for  Wells,  Democrat. 

Woodbridge,  William,  was  born  at  Norwich, 
Connecticut,  August  2'J,  1780;  received  a  public- 
school  education ;  removed  with  his  father  to  Mari 
etta,  Ohio,  in  1791 ;  returned  to  Connecticut ;  studied 
law  at  Litchficld,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1800 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1807;  was  prosecuting-attorney  for  New- 
London  County  1808-1814;  was  a  member  of  the 
.State  Senate  1808-1814;  was  appointed  in  1814  by 
President  Madison  secretary  of  Michigan  Territory, 
and  removed  to  Detroit;  was  elected  a  delegate  from 
Michigan  Territory  in  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  December  10,  1819,  tp  1820,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Michi 
gan  Territory  1823-1832;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  in  1835;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  in  1837;  was  governor  of  Michigan 
1^4)-1841;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from 
Michigan,  serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1^47;  died  at  Detroit,  Michigan,  October  20,1801. 
His  "Life"  was  published  by  Charles  Lanman  in 
1807. 

Woodburn,  William,  was  born  in  Wicklow 
County,  Ireland,  in  1838;  immigrated  to  Maryland, 
and  was  a  student  at  St.  Charles  College,  near  Balti 
more;  removed  to  California  in  1855,  arid  subse 
quently  to  Nevada;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1805,  and  practised  at  Virginia  City;  was 
district-attorney  for  Story  County  in  1871-1872; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Nevada  in  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving 
9,317  votes  against  8,507  votes  for  Ellis,  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  0,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877. 

^Woodbury,  Lsvi,  was  born  at  Francistown, 
New  Hampshire,  December  22,  1789;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
!<".):  studied  law  at  Judge  Gould's  Litchfield  Law 
School,  and  with  lion.  S.  Dana  and  Judge  Smith  of 
Exeter;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  com- 
nn-nci'd  prarti.'c  at  Francistown;  was  chosen  clerk 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1810;  was  appointed  judge  of 


the  Superior  Court  of  New  Hampshire  in  1816;  re 
moved  to  Portsmouth  in  1819;  was  governor  of  New 
Hampshire  in  1823-1824;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1825,  and  was  chosen 
speaker;  was  elected  to  the  United-States  Senate  as 
a  Democrat,  and  served  from  December  5,  1825,  until 
March  3,  1831 ;  was  elected  State  senator  March  7, 
1831,  but  declined;  was  appointed  by  President  Jack 
son  secretary  of  the  navy  in  April,  1831 ;  was  trans 
ferred  to  the  Treasury  Department  June  27,  1834, 
and,  having  been  re-appointed  by  President  Van 
Buren,  served  until  March  3,  1841 ;  was  appointed 
during  this  time  chief  justice  of  the  Superior  Court 
of  New  Hampshire,  but  declined;  was  again  elected 
to  the  United-States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1841,  until  November  20,  1845,  when  (having  de- 
lined  the  British  mission)  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Polk  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States  (in  place  of  Joseph  Story,  deceased); 
the  nomination  was  confirmed  by  the  Senate  Janu 
ary  3,  1840,  and  he  served  until  he  died  at  Ports 
mouth,  New  Hampshire,  September  7,  1851. 

Woodcock,  David,  was  born  in  Berkshire 
County,  Massachusetts ;  received  a  public-school  edu 
cation  ;  removed  to  Seneca  County,  New  York,  and 
afterwards  to  Ithaca,  Tompkins  County,  New  York ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1814-1815;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Represen 
tatives  in  1820;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress  (defeating  Charles  Humphrey),  serving  from 
December  3,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829. 

W^oodford,  Stewart  L.,  was  born  at  New-York 
City  September  3,  1835;  was  educated  at  Columbia- 
College  Grammar  School ;  attended  Yale  and  Colum 
bia  Colleges,  and  graduated  at  Columbia  in  1854;  read 
law,  and  has,  since  1857,  practised  his  profession  in 
New-York  City;  was  appointed  assistant  attorney 
for  the  United  States  at  New  York  in  1801 ;  enlisted 
in  the  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-seventh  Regiment 
New-York  Volunteers  in  1862;  was  promoted  to  the 
lieutenant-colonelcy  of  that  regiment,  and  subse 
quently  became  colonel  and  brigadier-general ;  served 
in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  then  in  the  Department 
of  the  South;  was  the  first  Union  military  command 
ant  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and  afterward  of 
Savannah,  Georgia;  was  chief  of  staff  in  the  Depart 
ment  of  the  South,  &c. ;  was  elected  lieutenant-gov 
ernor  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  1806 ;  was  elected 
presidential  elector  at  large,  and  was  president  of 
the  Electoral  College  in  1872;  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  as  a 
Republican,  receiving  15,171  votes  against  11,506 
votes  for  W.  W.  Goodricn,  Democrat  and  Liberal, 
serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  July  1,  1874, 
when  he  resigned;  was  appointed  by  President 
Hayes  United-States  attorney  for  the  Southern  Dis 
trict  of  New  York. 

Woodruff,  George  C.,  was  born  at  Litchfield, 
Connecticut,  December  1,  1805;  received  a  classical 
education,  graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1825 ;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827;  commenced 
practice  at  Litchfield ;  was  postmaster  at  Litchfield 
for  fourteen  years;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  clerk  of  that  body; 
was  judge  of  probate  for  Litchfield  County;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Connecticut  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,739  votes  against  11,008  votes  for  O.  S.  Ferry,  Re 
publican,  serving  from  July  4,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1803;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  receiving  10,892  votes 
against  11,248  votes  for~J.  II.  Hubbard,  Republican. 

Woodruff,  John,  was  born  at  Hartford,  Con 
necticut,  February  12,  1820;  received  a  public-school 
education;  was  a  member  of  the  State  legislature 
in  1854;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Connecti 
cut  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  American, 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


711 


receiving  9,876  votes  against  7,918  votes  for  Arnold, 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1857;  was  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861; 
was  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the  Second  Dis 
trict  of  Connecticut;  died  at  New  Haven,  Connecti 
cut,  May  20,  1868. 

Woodruff,  Thomas  M.,  was  elected  a  repre 
sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress  as  an  American,  receiving  6,214  votes  against 
6,009  votes  for  Leonard,  Democrat,  and  273  votes  for 
Scoles,  Abolitionist,  serving  from  December  1,  1845, 
to  March  3,  1847. 

Woods,  Henry,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
took  an  active  part  in  the  Revolutionary  struggle; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Sixth  Congress ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Sev 
enth  Congress,  serving  from  December  2,  1799,  to 
March  3,  1803. 

W^oods,  John,  was  born  in  Dauphin  County, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1794;  removed  with  his  father  to 
Ohio  when  he  was  a  child;  received  a  public-school 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1810;  commenced  practice  at  Hamilton,  Ohio;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  5,  1825,  to  March  3,  1829; 
was  the  editor  and  publisher  of  "  The  Hamilton  In 
telligencer"  1829-1832;  resumed  his  profession,  and 
practised  until  1845,  when  he  was  elected  State 
auditor;  died  at  Hamilton,  Ohio,  July  33,  1855. 

Woods,  "William,  was  born  in  Washington 
County,  New  York,  in.  1790;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1823-1825;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  New  York  in  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (defeating  Osborn),  serving  from  December 
1,  1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  at  Bath,  New  York, 
August  7,  1837. 

Woodson,  Samuel  H.,  resided  at  Lexing 
ton,  Kentucky;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  receiving  a 
majority  of  1,631  votes  over  Stephen  Richardson,  serv 
ing  from  Decembers,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  was  de 
feated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
by  Thomas  P.  Moore. 

'Woodson,  Samuel  H.,  was  born  in  Jessamine 
County,  Kentucky,  October  k.4,  1815;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Centre  College;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Independence,  Missouri ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1853  and  1854; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  in  1855;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Mis 
souri  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  an  American, 
receiving  6,006  votes  against  4,6o4  votes  for  Douglas, 
Democrat,  and  3,755  votes  for  Price,  Benton  Demo 
crat;  wjis  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
receiving  7,942  votes  against  6,947  votes  for  J.  W. 
Reid,  Democrat,  and  2,038  votes  for  Smith,  Independ 
ent,  serving  from  December  7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861. 

Woodward,  Joseph  A.,  was  born  in  South 
Carolina;  resided  at  Winnsborough ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  State-rights  Democrat;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first, 
and  Thirty-second  Congresses,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  4,  1843.  to  March  3,  1851. 

Woodward,  George  W.,  was  born  at  Beth 
any,  Pennsylvania,  March  26,  1809;  received  an  aca 
demic  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1831,  and  practised  at  Wilkesbarre ;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  in 
1837  ;  was  president-judge  of  the  Fourth  Judicial 
District  1841-1851 ;  was  the  Democratic  caucus  nom 
inee  in  1844  for  the  United-States  Senate,  but  was 
defeated  by  Simon  Cameron;  was  judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania  1852-1867  ;  was 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor 
in  18(i3  by  A.  G.  Curtin,  Republican;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Fortieth 


Congress  as  a  Democrat  (in  the  place  of  Charles 
Denison,  deceased),  receiving  12,623  votes  against 
12,078  votes  for Ketcham,  Republican;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  receiving  16,687  votes 
against  14,898  votes  for  Strong,  Republican,  serving 
from  November  21,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Convention  at 
New  York  in  1868;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  ;  travelled  in  Europe,  and 
died  at  Rome,  in  Italy,  May  10,  1875. 

"Woodward,  William,  was  elected  a  represen 
tative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Fourteenth  Con 
gress  without  opposition,  serving  from  December  4, 
1815,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Woodworth,  James  H.,  was  born  at  Green 
wich,  New  York,  December  4,  1804;  received  a  pub 
lic-school  education ;  lived  on  a  farm  until  he  was 
twenty-one  years  of  age;  removed  to  Fabius,  New 
York;  taught  school  for  a  few  months,  and  then 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  removed  in  1827  to 
Erie,  Pennsylvania,  and  thence  in  1833  to  Chisago, 
Illinois;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  in  1839, 
and  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1842; 
was  a  member  of  the  city  government  of  Chicago 
1845-1850,  serving  two  years  as  mayor;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Illinois  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  6,927  votes 
against  2,544  votes  for  Turner,  Democrat,  serving 
from  December  3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Woodworth,  Laurin  D.,  was  born  at  Wind- 
ham,  Ohio,  September  10,  1837;  was  educated  at 
Windham  Academy  and  Hiram  College ;  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  September  19, 1859,  and  practised  at 
Ravenna,  and  subsequently  at  Youngstown,  Ohio,  to 
which  place  he  removed  in  1864;  lie  was  a  major  in 
the  army  in  the  war  for  the  Union;  was  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1867,  and  re-elected  in  1869; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  as  a  Republican,  receiving  15,368 
votes  against  13,106  votes  for  R.  Brown,  Democrat, 
Prohibitionist,  and  Liberal;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  receiving  11,113  votes  against 
10,837  votes  for  Wilson,  Democrat,  and  445  votes  for 
Paine,  Prohibitionist,  serving  from  December  1, 1873, 
to  March  3, 1877. 

Woodworth,  William  W.,  was  born  in  Con 
necticut  ;  removed  to  New  York,  and  located  at  Hyde 
Park ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  New  York 
in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  7,340  votes  against  6,710  votes  for  Rankin, 
Whig,  and  35  votes  forKnevels,  Abolitionist,  serving 
from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Worcester,  Samuel  T.,  was  born  at  Hollis, 
New  Hampshire,  August  30,  1804;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  graduating  at  Cambridge  University 
in  1830;  was  preceptor  of  the  Weymouth  Academy 
1830-1832;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1834,  and  commenced  practice  at  Norwalk,  Ohio ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1848-1849;  was  a 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1859-1860;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ohio  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  as  a  Republican,  serving  from  July 
4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863. 

W^ord,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  Surry  County, 
North  Carolina ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House 
of  Representatives  in  1832;  removed  to  Mississippi, 
and  settled  atPontotoc;  was  elected  a  representative 
in  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  as  a  Whig,  on  a  general 
ticket  with  S.  S.  Prentiss,  at  a  second  election,  they 
receiving  12,249  votes  against  11,306  votes  for  their 
Democratic  opponents,  serving  from  May  30,  1838,  to 
March  3,  1839. 

W^orman,  Ludwig,  was  born  in  Bucks  Coun 
ty,  Pennsylvania;  received  a  public-school  education; 
learned  the  tanner's  trade,  and  became  a  dealer  in 
hides  and  leather;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  Seventeenth  Congress  as  a  Fed 
eralist,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to  September 
21,  1822,  when  he  died  at  Pottstown. 
Wortendyke,  Jacob  R.,  was  born  at  Chestnut 


712 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ridge,  New  Jersey,  November  27,  1818;  received  a 
classical  education,  graduating  at  Rutgers  College  in 
!>:!'.) :  was  for  ten  years  a  teacher  of  mathematics 
and  the  classics;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1852,  and  commenced  practice  at  Jersey  City: 
was  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
( 'impress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  0,090  votes  against 
CiA'M  votes  for  A.  Dodd,  Republican,  and  5,038  votes 
for  F.  B.  Betts,  American,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1850;  died  at  Jersey  City,  New  Jer 
sey,  November  7,  18(18. 

WorthingtoE,  H.  G.,  was  born  at  Cumberland, 
Maryland,  February  9,  1^8;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1851,  and  commenced  practice  in  Tuolinune  County, 
California;  travelled  in  Central  America  and  Mexico, 
and,  on  his  return  to  California,  located  at  San  Fran 
cisco;  was  a  member  of  the  California  House  of 
Representatives  in  1801 ;  removed  in  1862  to  Nevada, 
locating  at  Austin;  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  from  Nevada  Territory,  serv 
ing  from  December?, 1863,  to  December  21, 1804,  when 
he  took  his  scat  as  a  representative  from  the  new 
State  of  Nevada,  serving  to  March  3,  1805;  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Join: son  minister  to  Uruguay 
and  the  Argentine  Republic,  serving  from  July  25, 
1868,  to  July  8,  1SCO. 

Worthington,  John  T.  H.,  was  born  in  Mary 
land  ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Twenty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  2,4(52  votes  against  2,C77  votes  for  Brown, 
Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  If 31,  to  March  2, 
1833;  was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  by 
James  Turner,  Democrat;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  defeating  James  Turner;  was 
re-elected  I'j  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  receiving  a 
majority  of  1,548  votes  over  James  Turner,  serving 
from  September  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  died  in 
Baltimore  County,  Maryland,  April  £7,  1849. 

Worthington,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Virginia,  July  16,  1774;  received  a  thorough 
English  education:  removed  to  Ohio,  and  located  in 
Ross  County  in  1798;  was  a  delegate  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1803 ;  was  elected  one  cf  the 
first  United-States  senators  from  Ohio  as  a  Democrat 
(defeating  Judge  Burnet),  serving  from  October  17, 
1803,  to  March  3, 1807;  was  again  elected  a  senator 
(in  place  cf  Return  Jonathan  Meigs,  jun.,  resigned), 
serving  from  January  8,  1811,  to  1814,  when  he  re 
signed;  was  governor  of  Ohio  1814-1818;  was  one  of 
the  original  vice-presidents  of  the  American  Bible 
Society;  was  a  canal  commissioner  from  1818  until 
his  death  at  New- York  City  June  20,  1827. 

"Worthing uoc,  Thomas  C.,  was  born  in  Prince 
George  County,  Maryland;  resided  at  Frederick 
Town;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Maryland 
in  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December 
5,  1.-25,  to  March  3,  l£27j  died  at  Frederick  Town, 
Maryland,  June  19,  1827. 

Wren,  Thomas,  was  born  at  McArthurstown, 
Ohio,  January  2,  1820;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  deputy 
county-clerk  of  El  Dorado  County,  California,  in 
l^.V;-ll  .77;  was  city-attorney  cf  Austin,  Nevada,  in 
1*74-187  i;  V.T.S  a  member  of  the  State  legislature  cf 
Nevada  in  1675;  was  elected  to  the 'Forty-fifth  Con- 
as  a  Republican,  receiving  10,241  votes  against 
'.'.:;:!)  votes  f::r  A.  C.  Lllis,  Democrat,  serving" from 
October  15,  Is70. 

Wright,  AugustU3  B.,  was  bom  at  Wrights- 
borough,  Georgia,  June  10,  K>13;  received  «i  classical 
education,  v.'hich  was  completed  at  Franklin  Col- 
]<•<•.  but  he  did  not  graduate;  studied  lav/;  was  ad- 
•d  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at  Rome, 
Georgia;  was  elected  circuit-judge  in  1842,  and  was 
)••-«•!  'Vic,  1,  but  n  si  ;md  before  the  expiration  of  his 
second  term;  v.as  elected  a  representative  from 
Georgia  in  the  Thirty-l.fth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 


receiving  9,669  votes  against  5,690  votes  for  Hooper, 
Independent  Democrat,  serving  from  December  7, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  was  a  deputy  to  the  Pro 
visional  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  which 
met  at  Montgomery,  Alabama,  in  February,  isiil, 
and  adjourned  to  meet  at  Richmond  in  July,  1861 ; 
was  a  representative  from  Georgia  in  the  First  Con 
federate  Congress,  serving  from  February  22,  1862, 
to  February  22,  1864. 

Wright,  Daniel  B.,  was  born  in  Tennessee; 
removed  to  Mississippi,  and  located  at  Salem;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Mississippi  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  8,!  84 
votes  against  8,414  votes  for  Nabers,  Whig ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
7,055  votes  against  5,071  votes  for  Taylor,  American, 
serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Wright,  Edwin  R.  V.,  was  born  at  Hoboken, 
New  Jersey,  January  2, 1812;  received  an  r.cadcmicr.l 
education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  established 
in  1835  "The  Jersey  Blue  "  newspaper  at  Hoboken; 
studied  law;  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and 
practised  at  Hoboken;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1843;  was  district-attorney  for  Hudson 
County  1851-1855;  was  defeated  in  1659  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor;  wr.s  elected 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  13,31/0 
votes  against  11,448  votes  for  Edgar  B.  Wakeman, 
Republican,  serving  from  December  4,  18C5,  to  March 
3,  18G7;  died  at  Jersey  City,  New  Jersey,  January  19, 
1876. 

Wright,  George  G.  (brother  of  Joseph  A. 
Wright),  was  born  at  Bloomington,  Indiana,  March 
24,  1820;  was  educated  at  private  schocls,  and  gradu 
ated  at  the  State  University  of  Indiana  in  1839;  read 
law  with  his  brother,  Joseph  A.  Wright,  at  Roekville, 
Indiana;  removed  to  Iowa  in  October,  1840,  and 
commenced  practice;  served  as  prcsecuting-attorncy 
in  1847-1848;  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of 
Iowa  in  1849,  and  served  two  terms;  in  1854  was 
clicscn  chief  justice  cf  the  Supreme  Court  cf  the 
State,  and  was  elected  to  the  same  bench  by  the 
people  (owing  to  a  change  of  the  State  Constitution) 
in  1860,  and  again  in  18C5;  was  a  professor  in  the  law 
department  of  the  State  University  for  six  years, 
commencing  in  1865;  was  elected  a  United-States 
senator  from  Iowa  as  a  Republican  (to  succeed  James 
B.  Ho  well,  Republican,  who  had  been  elected  to  fill 
the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  cf  James 
W.  Grimes),  and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March 
3,  1877. 

Wright,  George  WM  was  born  at  Concord, 
Massachusetts;  received  a  public-school  education; 
was  reared  on  a  farm ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  in  Boston;  was  connected  with  "The  Boston 
Courier; "  removed  to  California  in  1849,  and  located 
at  San  Francisco;  was  one  of  the  first  representa 
tives  elected  from  the  State  of  California  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  September  11,  1850,  to  March  3, 
1851. 

Wright,  Hendrick  B.,  was  born  at  Plymouth, 
Luzerne  County,  Pennsylvania,  April  24,  1808 :  re 
ceived  his  primary  education  at  the  Wilkesbarre 
Grammar  School ;  graduated  at  Dickinson  College 
in  1829;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
November,  1831,  and  commenced  practice  at  Wilkes 
barre;  was  appointed  district-attorney  fcr  Luzerne 
County  in  1834  by  Attorney-General  Get.rge  M. 
Dall.-'s;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Ilouce  cf  Rep 
resentatives  in  1841,  1842,  and  1843,  serving  the  Ir.st 
year  as  speaker;  was  a  delegate  at  lar^e  to  the 
National  Democratic  Convention  at  Laltimore  in 
1844  which  nominated  Polk  and  Dallas,  sen  ing  as 
temporary  and  permanent  chairman;  war,  a  delegate 
to  the  £ul  sequent  National  Democratic  Conventions 
which  nominated  Cass,  Tierce,  Br.chanr.n,  Douglas, 
Seymour,  and  Tilden;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  receiving  7,523  votes  against  7,350  votes 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


713 


for  Fuller,  Whig,  serving  from  December  5,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1855;  was  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  George  W.  Scranton),  serving  from  July  4, 
1851,  to  March  3,  1803;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  13,557  votes  against 
12,101  votes  for  II.  B.  Payne,  Republican,  serving 
from  October  15,  1877.  He  published  "A  Practical 
Treatise  on  Labor"  1871,  and  "Historical  Sketches 
of  Plymouth  County"  1873. 

Wright,  John  C.,  was  born  at  Wethersfiekl, 
Connecticut,  in  1783;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  edited  "The  Troy 
Gazette"  at  Troy,  New  York;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
Steubenville,  Ohio;  was  forniany years  a  judge  of  the 
State  Supreme  Court;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Ohio  in  the  Eighteenth  Congress  as  an  Adams 
Democrat,  receiving  3J3  majority  over  J.  McLaughlin ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  receiving 
a  large  majority  over  Mr.  Bebee;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  receiving  2,344  votes 
against  2,133  votes  for  J.  M.  Goodenow,  Jackson 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1823,  to  March 
3,  1829;  was  defeated  as  a  Clay  Democratic  candi 
date  for  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  receiving  2,232 
votes  against  3,140  votes  for  J.  M.  Goodenow, 
Jackson  Democrat;  was  for  some  years  the  editor 
and  proprietor  of  "The  Cincinnati  Gazette;"  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Peace  Congress  held  at  Washington 
in  February,  18G1 ;  and  died  at  Washington,  before  its 
final  adjournment,  February  13,  1801.  He  published 
'•Supreme-Court  Reports  of  Ohio,  1831-1834." 

"Wright,  John  V.,  was  born  in  McNairy  County, 
Tennessee,  June  20,  1828;  received  an  academical 
education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Purdy,  Tennessee;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Tennessee  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
7,927  votes  against  5,922  votes  for  Kendrick, 
American ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  receiving  8,G2J  votes  against  1,005  votes  for 
McElrath,  American;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congross,  receiving  0,38J  votes  against  2,711 
votes  for  Gibbs,  Opposition,  serving  from  December 
3,  1855,  to  March  3,  1301. 

Wright,  Joseph  A.  (brother  of  George  G. 
Wright),  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  April  17,  1810; 
received  a  classical  education  at  the  University  of 
Indiana,  acting  as  janitor;  studied  law;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced  practice 
at  Rockville,  Indiana;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1833,  and  cf  the  State 
Senate  in  184);  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Indiana  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  receiving  5,441  votes  against  5,438  votes  for 
E.  W.  McGaughey,  Whig,  serving  from  December  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  was  defeated  as  the  Demo 
cratic  candidate  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  0,012  votes  against  6,183  votes  for  E.  W. 
McGaughey,  Whig;  was  governor  of  the  State  cf 
Indiana  1849-1857;  was  appointed  by  President 
Buchanan  minister  to  Prussia,  serving  from  June  1, 
1857,  to  July  1,  1801;  was  United-States  commis 
sioner  to  the  International  Exhibition  at  Hamburg 
in  1803;  was  again  appointed  minister  to  Prussia  by 
President  Lincoln,  serving  from  June  30,  1805,  until 
his  death  at  Berlin,  Prussia,  May  11,  1807. 

Wright,  Robert,  was  born  in  Kent  County, 
Maryland;  received  a  public-school  education;  stud 
ied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised  at 
Queenstown;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator 
from  Maryland  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  7, 1801,  to  1800,  when  he  resigned ;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  Maryland  in  tlie  Eleventh  Con 
gress  (in  place  cf  John  Brown,  resigned);  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Four 
teenth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  3,  1810, 
to  March  3,  1817;  was  again  elected  to  the  Seven 
teenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  3,  1821,  to 


March  3,  1823  ;  was  appointed  district-judge,  vice 
Warrall,  resigned;  died  at  Queenstown,  Maryland, 
September  7,  1820. 

Wright,  Samuel  G.,  was  born  in  1787;  was 
elected  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  but  died  before  taking  his 
seat,  near  Allentown,  New  Jersey,  July  30,  1845. 

Wright,  Silas,  jun.,  was  born  at  Amherst, 
Massachusetts,  May  24,  1795;  was  reared  on  his  fa 
ther's  farm  at  Weybridge,  Vermont;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  graduating  at  Middlebury  College 
in  1815;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  at  Canton,  New  York,  in  1819; 
was  appointed  surrogate  of  Rockland  County  Febru 
ary  4,  1821-January  1,  1824;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  1824-1827 ;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  New  York  in  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  December  3,  1827,  to  March 

3,  1829 ;  successfully  contested  the  election  of  George 
Fisher  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  but  refused  to 
take  his  seat,  preferring  to  act  as  comptroller  of  the 
State   of  New  York  January  27,  1829-Jantiary  11, 
1833;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New 
York  (in  place  of  William  L.  Marcy,  resigned),  serv 
ing  from  January  14, 1833,  to  December  1,  1844,  when 
he  resigned,  having  been  elected  governor;  was  gov 
ernor  of  the  State  of  New  York   184-1-1840;    was 
defeated  for  re-election  as  governor;  retired  to  his 
farm  of  thirty  acres  at  Canton,  which  he  cultivated 
until  he  died  there  August  27,  1847.     His  "  Life  and 
Times"  was  published  by  Jabez  C.  Hammond  in 
1848. 

Wright,  Turbett,  was  a  delegate  from  Mary 
land  to  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1782. 

Wright,  Wrilliam,  was  born  at  Clarkstown, 
Rockland  County,  New  York,  in  1794;  received  a 
public-school  education;  learned  the  saddler's  trade, 
and  commenced  business  at  Bridgeport  in  1815 ;  re 
moved  to  Newark  in  1821;  was  mayor  of  Newark  in 
1840-lf?43 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  ^ew  Jer 
sey  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Henry  Clay 
Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847; 
was  defeated  in  1847  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  gov 
ernor  of  New  Jersey,  receiving  32,251  votes  against 
34,7(35  votes  for  Daniel  Haines,  Democrat;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  New  Jersey 
as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  March  4,  1853.  to  March 

4,  1859;  was  again  elected  a  senator  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  7,  1803,  to  November  1,  18UO, 
when  he  died  at  Newrark,  New  Jersey. 

W^urts,  John,  was  born  in  Morris  County,  New 
Jersey;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Princeton  College  in  1813;  resided  in  Philadelphia; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  in 
the  Nineteenth  Congress,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1827;  travelled  in  Europe,  and 
died  afcllome,  Italy,  April  23,  1861. 

W^yncoop,  Henry,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania; 
was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1789;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  in  the  First  Congress,  serving  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791. 

W^ynn,  Richard,  was  born  in  Virginia ;  received 
a  public-school  education;  removed  to  Georgia, 
where  he  participated  actively  in  the  Revolutionary 
war,  entering  the  army  as  lieutenant,  and  attaining 
the  rank  of  major-general;  was  elected  a  representa 
tive  from  South  Carolina  in  the  Third  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  serving  from 
December  2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1797;  was  again  elect 
ed  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth, "Eleventh, 
and  Twelfth  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7, 
18  »1.  to  March  3,  1813;  died  in  1813. 

Wynns,  Thomas,  was  born  in  Hertford  County, 
North  Carolina;  wras  a  successful  planter;  was  elect 
ed  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives 
in  1787,  and  to  the  State  Senate  in  1790-1800  inclu 
sive;  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1801 ;  was  elected 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Seventh 


714 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Congress  (in  place'  of  Charles  Johnson,  deceased), 
and  "re-elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses, 
serving  from  December  7,  1802,  to  March  3,  1807; 
was  a  brigadier-general  of  militia;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1809;  died  at  Winton,  North  Carolina, 
June  3,  1823. 

Wythe,  George,  was  born  in  Elizabeth-City 
County.  Virginia,  in  1720;  his  education  was  princi 
pally  directed  by  his  mother,  but  the  death  of  both  of 
his  parents  before  he  became  of  age,  and  the  uncon- 
i  nil  led  possession  of  a  large  fortune,  led  him  into 
dissipated  habits;  at  the  age  of  thirty  he  reformed ; 
studied  law,  and,  soon  after  his  admission  to  the  bar, 
became  eminent;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
House  of  Burgesses  several  years  previous  to  the 
Revolution;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1775;  was  a  member  of  a  commission  ap 
pointed  in  1770  to  revise  the  laws  of  Virginia:  was 
speaker  of  the  Virginia  House  of  Delegates  in  1777, 
and,  during  the  same  year,  judge  of  the  High  Court 
of  Chancery;  on  the  re-organization  of  the  Court  of 
Equity  in  1778  he  was  appointed  sole  chancellor, 
and  held  the  position  until  1798;  was  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Jefferson  tickets  in  1801  and  1805; 
and  died  June  8,  1806.  It  was  supposed  that  he  was 
poisoned;  but  the  person  suspected  was  acquitted  by 
a  jury.  He  published  "Decisions  by  the  High 
Court  of  Chancery." 

Yancey,  William  Lowndes,  was  born  at 
Ogeechee  Shoals,  Georgia,  August  18,  1814;  received 
an  academical  education  at  the  North ;  studied  law 
at  Sparta,  Georgia,  and  Greenville,  South  Carolina; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  at 
South  Carolina;  removed  in  1837  to  Wetumpka, 
Alabama,  where  he  edited  ''  The  Wetumpka  Argus ; " 
was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Alabama  in  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  (in  place  of  Dixon  H. 
Lewis,  appointed  senator)  as  a  State-rights  Demo 
crat,  defeating  Daniel  E.  Watrous;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  without  opposition,  serv 
ing  from  December  2,  1844,  to  September  1,  184G, 
when  he  resigned ;  removed  to  Montgomery,  where 
he  formed  a  law  partnership  with  John  A.  Elmore; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  National  Democratic  Conven 
tions  at  Baltimore  in  1848.  at  Cincinnati  in  1856,  and 
at  Charleston  in  1866;  was  a  presidential  elector  on 
the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
State  Convention  of  Alabama  which  met  at  Mont 
gomery  January  7,  1861,  and  reported  the  ordinance 
of  secession,  which  was  adopted  January  14,  1801 ; 
was  delegated  by  the  Confederate  Provisional  Gov 
ernment  to  visit  Europe,  and  ask  the  recognition  of 
the  Confederate  States,  sailing  from  New  York  in 
March,  1861;  returning  in  February,  1862,  he  took 
his  seat  in  the  First  Confederate  Congress  as  a  sena 
tor  from  Alabama,  serving  from  February  22,  1862, 
until  his  death  on  his  plantation  near  Montgomery, 
Alabama,  July  28,  1863. 

Yancy,  Bartlett,  was  born  in  Virginia;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education,  graduating  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practised;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Thir 
teenth  Congress ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  serving  from  May  24,  1813,  until  March  3, 
1817,  during  which  time  he  displayed  such  talents 
for  presiding  that  Mr.  Speaker  Clay  often  called  him 
to  the  chair;  was  elected  a  State  senator  in  1817, 
and  annually  re-elected  until  his  death,  generally 
presiding  as  speaker;  died  in  Caswell  County,  North 
Carolina,  August  30,  1828. 

Yancy,  Joel,  resided  at  Glasgow,  Kentucky; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat;  was  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  serving  from  December 
3,  1827,  to  March  3,  ls:;i. 

Yates,  Abraham,  jun.,  was  born  at  Albany, 
New  York;  was  a  delegate  to  the  First,  Second, 
Third,  and  Fourth  Provincial  Congresses  of  New 


York  1775-1777 ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1787-1788. 

Yates,  John  B.,  was  born  in  New  York;  re 
sided  at  Schenectady;  was  engaged  in  extensive  busi 
ness  and  financial  operations;  was  senior  manager  of 
the  New-York  State  lotteries  during  the  last  years 
of  their  existence ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
New  York  in  the  Fourteenth  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat,  serving  from  December  4,  1815,  to  March  3, 
1817;  died  at  Schenectady  in  1823. 

Yates,  Peter  W.,  was  a  delegate  from  New 
York  to  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1787. 

Yates,  Richard,  was  born  at  Warsaw,  Ken 
tucky,  January  18,  1818;  graduated  at  Illinois  Col 
lege;  studied  and  practised  law;  was  a  representa 
tive  in  the  legislature  of  Illinois  in  1842,  1843,  1844, 

1845,  1848,  and  1849;  was  a  representative  from  Illi 
nois  in  the  Thirty-second  Congress  as  a  Whig,  re 
ceiving  7,008  votes   against  6,254  votes  for  Harris, 
Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  receiving  10,1C5  votes  against  9,075  votes  fcr 
Calhoun,  Democrat,  serving  from  December  1,  1851, 
to  March  3,   1855;   was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  receiving 
9,890  votes  against  10,090  votes  for  T.   L.   Harris, 
Democrat;    was  governor  of  Illinois  from  1861   to 
1865;  was  elected  a  United-States  senator  as  a  Union 
Republican  (to   succeed  W.  A.   Richardson,  Demo 
crat),  serving  from  December  5,  1865,  to  March  4, 
1871 ;  died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  December,  1873. 

Yeaman,  George  H.,  was  born  in  Hardin 
County,  Kentucky,  November  1,  1829;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1852,  and  commenced  practice  at  Owens- 
borough,  Kentucky;  was  judge  of  Davis  County  in 
1854;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  1861 ;  was  engaged  in  recruiting  a  regi 
ment  for  the  Union  army  in  18G2,  when  he  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress  (in  place  of  James  S.  Jackson, 
deceased)  as  a  Unionist;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  receiving  8,311  votes  against  3,C87 
votes  for  McHenry,  Democrat,  serving  from  Decem 
ber  1,  1862,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  was  defeated  as  the 
Union  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  5,786  votes  against  6,974  votes  for  B.  C. 
Ritter,  Democrat;  was  appointed  by  President  John 
son  minister  to  Denmark,  serving  from  August  25, 
1865,  to  November  7,  1870. 

Yeates,  Jesse  J.,  was  born  in  Hertford  County, 
North  Carolina,  May  29,  1829;  received  a  collegiate 
education;  is  a  lawyer;  was  solicitor  of  Hertford 
County  1855-1860;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1860  as  a 
Whig;  served  in  the  Confederate  army,  and  was 
major  of  the  Thirty-first  Regiment  North-Carolina 
troops;  was  solicitor  of  the  First  Judieial  Circuit 
of  North  Carolina  1861-1866;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  from  Hertford  County  in 
1871 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  North  Caro 
lina  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Conservative 
Democrat,  receiving  14,071  votes  against  12,590  votes 
for  Clinton  L.  Cobb,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  15,466  votes  against 
14,278  votes  for  D.  McD.  Lindsay,  Republican,  serv 
ing  from  December  6,  1875. 

Yell,  Archibald,  was  born  in  Kentucky  in 
1797;  removed  to  Fayetteville,  Arkansas;  was  ap 
pointed  one  of  the  United-States  Territorial  judges; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Arkansas  in  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat ; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (defeat 
ing  Ringgold),  serving  from  December  5,  1836,  to 
March  3,  1839;  was  governor  of  the  State  of  Arkan 
sas  1840-1844;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  July  1, 

1846,  when  he  resigned  to  serve  in  the  Mexican  war; 
was  mustered  into  service  as  colonel  of  the  First 
Arkansas  Volunteer  Cavalry,  and  was  killed  at  its 
head  at  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista  February  23,  1847. 


STATISTICAL   SKETCHES. 


715 


Yorke,  Thomas  J.,  was  born  in  New  Jersey; 
received  a  public-school  education;  was  elected  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  September  4,  18:37, 
to  March  3,  1839;  was  refused  a  seat  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  although  he  had  a  certificate  of  elec 
tion  with  the  "  broad  seal "  of  New  Jersey ;  was  again 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  serving  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Yost,  Jacob  S.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in 
1801 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat, 
receiving  4,845  votes  against  4,022  votes  for  Huddle- 
sou,  Whig;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  from  December  4,  1843,  until  March  3, 
1847;  was  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  United- 
States  marshal  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  died  at  Pottstown,  Pennsylvania,  March '7, 
1872. 

Young,  Augustus,  was  born  at  Arlington,  Ver 
mont,  March  20,  1785 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Stow;  removed  in  1812 
to  Craftsbury;  was  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Representatives  during  twelve  successive  sessions, 
and  of  the  State  Senate  for  three  terms;  was  State's 
attorney  for  Orleans  County,  and  judge  of  probate ; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Vermont  in  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig,  receiving  4,124 
votes  against  2,789  votes  for  John  Smith,  Democrat, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  until  March  3,  1843;  de 
clining  a  re-election,  he  resumed  practice,  and  in 
1847  removed  to  St.  Alban's,  where  he  was  for  sev 
eral  years  judge  of  the  County  Court;  in  1850  he  was 
appointed  State  naturalist ;  died  at  St.  Alban's,  Ver 


mont,  June  17, 1857. 
works. 


He  published  several  scientific 


Young,  Bryan  R.,  was  born  in  Kentucky;  re 
sided  at  Llizabethtowii;  was  elected  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  re 
ceiving  257  majority,  serving  from  December  1,  1845, 
to  March  3,  1847. 

Young,  Casey,  was  born  in  Madison  County, 
Tennessee,  but,  when  a  small  child,  removed  with 
his  parents  to  Byhalia,  Mississippi,  where  he  was 
raised  and  educated;  in  1854  he  removed  to  Mem 
phis,  Tennessee;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1850,  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of  his 
profession;  was  a  Douglas  Democrat,  and  took  an 
active  part  in  his  support  for  the  presidency  in  1860; 
was  opposed  to  the  civil  war,  against  which  he  spoke 
and  wrote,  until  the  commencement  of  hostilities; 
then  entered  the  Tennessee  army  as  a  private ;  was 
afterward  appointed  assistant  adjutant-general  upon 
the  staff  of  General  William  II.  Carroll,  and  was 
subsecuicntly  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  regiment 
of  cavalry  in  General  Chalmers's  division;  upon  the 
close  of  the  war  he  returned  to  Memphis,  and  re 
sumed  the  practice  of  law,  which  he  has  since  con 
tinued;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Tennes 
see  in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  re 
ceiving  15,871  votes  against  "10,241  votes  for  Barbour 
Lewis,  Republican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress,  receiving  12,803  votes  against  11,00(3  votes 
for  William  M.  Randolph,  Republican,  serving  from 
December  0,  1875. 

Young,  Ebenezer,  was  born  at  Killingly,  Con 
necticut,  in  17J4;  received  a  classical  education, 
graduating  at  Yale  College  in  1800;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  1823-1825;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  1826-1828;  was  cho 
se;!  speaker;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Con 
necticut  in  the  Twenty-first  Congress  as  a  Whig; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses,  serving  from  December  7,  1829,  to 
March  3,  1835;  died  at  West  Killingly,  Connecticut, 
August  18,  1851. 

Young,  John,  was  born  at  Chelsea,  Vermont, 
June  12,  1802;  removed  with  his  parents  in  1800  to 


school  education ;  studied  law  with  Ambrcse  Ben 
nett;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Geneseo,  New  York ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  House  of  Representatives  in  1833, 
1844,  and  1845 :  was  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Whig  (to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Philo  T. 
Fuller),  serving  from  December  0,  1830,  to  March  3, 
1837;  declining  a  re-election,  he  resumed  his  prac 
tice  ;  was  again  elected  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Whig, 
serving  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  was 
governor  of  the  State  of  New  York  1C47-1849;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Whig  National  Convention  of  1848 ; 
was  appointed,  in  July,  1849,  assistant  treasurer  cf 
the  United  States  at  New  York ;  died  in  the  city  cf 
New  York  April  23,  1852. 

Young,  John  D.,  was  born  in  Bath  County, 
Kentucky,  September  22,  1823;  was  educated  in 
Bath  County  ;  studied  law,  and  was  licensed  to  prac 
tise,  but  became  a  farmer;  was  acting  marshal  of 
Kentucky  under  President  Pierce' s  administration; 
was  elected  judge  cf  Bath  Quarterly  Court  in  1858; 
served  four  years,  and  was  re-elected  in  I860,  but  re 
signed  in  1867,  having  received  the  nomination  of 
the  Democratic  party  as  a  candidate  to  a  seat  in  the 
Fortieth  Congress;  was  elected,  but  refused  his  seat; 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the 
Forty-third  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving  9,075 
votes  against  8,885  votes  for  J.  M.  Burns,  Repub 
lican,  serving  from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1875. 

Young,  Pierce  M.  B.,  was  born  at  Spartan- 
burg  Court  House,  South  Carolina,  in  1838,  raid 
was  taken  to  Georgia  in  1839;  studied  law,  but  was 
educated  as  a  soldier  at  the  Military  Institute  cf 
Georgia,  and  at  the  United-States  Military  Academy 
at  West  Point;  resigned  two  months  before  gradu 
ating,  in  1861,  to  enter  the  Confederate-States  army 
as  second-lieutenant,  and  surrendered  in  18C5  as  ma 
jor-general;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Geor 
gia  in  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  receiving 
11,154  votes  against  8,054  votes  for  Adkins,  Repub 
lican;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress; 
was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  receiv 
ing  14,074  votes  against  5,313  votes  for  Burnett,  Re 
publican  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress, 
receiving  8,067  votes  against  4,443  votes  for  J.  F. 
Devor,  Republican,  serving  from  July  25,  1808,  to 


Young,  Richard  M.,  was  one  of  the  first 
settlers  at  Quincy,  Illinois;  was  a  presidential  elector 
on  the  Jackson  and  Calhoun  ticket  in  1829;  was 
elected  a  United-States  senator  from  Illinois  as  a 
Democrat,  serving  from  September  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1843;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk  commis 
sioner  of  the  General  Land  Office,  serving  from  Janu 
ary  0,  1847,  to  January  24,  1850  (Abraham  Lincoln 
having  been  an  unsuccessful  applicant  for  his  place, 
which  was  given  to  J.  Butteriield,  also  of  Illinois); 
was  clerk  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (after  the  death  of  Thomas 
Jefferson  Campbell),  serving  from  April  17,  1850,  to 
December  1,  1851. 

Young,  Timothy  R.,  was  born  in  New  Hamp 
shire;  received  a  classical  education,  graduating  at 
Bowdoin  College  in  1835;  removed  to  Marshall,  Illi 
nois;  was  elected  a  representative  from  Illinois  in 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from 
December  3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Young,  William  S.,  was  born  in  Nelson  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky;  resided  at  Elizabethtown;  was  elect 
ed  a  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  as  a  Democrat,  serving  from  December  5, 
1825,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Yulee,  David  Levy,  was  born  at  St.  Thomas, 
in  the  AVest  Indies,  in  1811 ;  was  called  David  Levy; 
he  was  taken  by  his  father  to  Virginia  early  in  life, 
and  received  a  classical  education;  removed  to 


Couesus,  New   York,  where  he  received  a  public- 1  Florida  in  1824;  studied  law,  and  engaged  in  plant- 


716 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ing;  was  elected  a  delegate  from  the  Territory  of 
Florida  in  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  as  a  Demo 
crat  ;  was  re-elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  from  May  31, 1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  changed 
his  name  to  David  Levy  Yulee;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention;  was  elected  a 
United-States  senator  from  Florida  as  a  Democrat, 
serving  from  December  1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1851; 
was  president  of  the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  Railroad; 
was  again  elected  a  senator,  serving  from  December 
3,  1855,  until  1860,  when  he  retired  from  the  Senate 
to  join  the  Southern  Confederacy;  he  was  confined 
in  Fort  Pulaski  as  a  prisoner  of  state  in  1805. 

Zollicoffer,  Felix  K.,  was  born  in  Maury 
County,  Tennessee,  May  19,  1812;  received  a  public- 
school  education;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  edited 
several  county  newspapers ;  was  chosen  State  print 
er  of  Tennessee  in  1835;  became  editor  cf  "The 
Nashville  Banner"  in  1842;  was  comptroller  of  the 
State  treasury  of  Tennessee  1845-1849 ;  was  a  State 
senator  in  1849 ;  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  a  State- 
rights  Whig,  receiving  5,808  votes  against  5,157  votes 
for  Allison,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  receiving  (5,958  votes  against  4,857 
votes  for  Torbett,  Democrat;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  receiving  0,088  votes  against 


5,589  votes  for  Quarles,  Democrat,  serving  from  De 
cember  5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Peace  Convention  of  1801;  was  appointed  a 
brigadier-general  in  the  Confederate  army  July  9, 
1801 ;  was  commander  of  the  camp  of  instruction  at 
Trousdale,  Tennessee;  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  military  department  of  Tennessee  August  8, 
18G1 ;  was  defeated  in  an  engagement  at  Camp  Wild 
cat,  Kentucky,  October  21,  1801,  by  General  Schoepf, 
and  at  Mill  Spring  by  General  Thomas,  receiving  a 
mortal  wound  in  a  personal  encounter  with  General 
Fry  of  Kentucky  January  19,  1802. 

Zubley,  John  Joachim,  was  born  at  St.  Gall, 
Switzerland,  August  27,  1724;  received  a  classical 
education ;  studied  theology ;  immigrated  to  Georgia, 
and  was  ordained  as  pastor  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church  at  Savannah  in  1700;  was  a  pi-eminent  revo 
lutionist;  was  a  member  cf  the  Provincial  Congress 
of  Georgia;  was  chosen  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1775,  but  opposed  the  Declaration  cf  In 
dependence,  and,  having  been  denounced  as  a  traitor 
by  Judge  Chase,  resigned ;  returning  to  Georgia,  ho 
was  accused  of  having  furnished  information  to 
Sir  James  Wright,  the  royal  governor,  and  narrowly 
escaped  popular  resentment ;  died  in  the  vicinity  of 
SaVannah  July  23,  1781. 


STEREOTYPED  AND  PRINTED  BY  RAND,  AVEKY,  &  Co.,  BOSTON. 


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